Question: what are the essential vitamins and minerals for mature adulthood?
Answer: Calcium and Vitamin D. Older adults need more calcium and vitamin D to help maintain bone health. ... 
Vitamin B12. Some adults older than 50 may not be able to absorb enough vitamin B12. ... 
Dietary Fiber. Eat fiber-rich foods to stay regular. ... 
Potassium. ... 
Know Your Fats.