timescale/wikipedia-22-12-simple-embeddings huggingface dataset:
Juan Carlos Alvarado (born December 28, 1964) is a famous christian pop singer and pastor known for his songs such as "Jehová es mi guerrero", "Cristo no está muerto", "No basta", "Soy deudor", "Cristo vive", "Vivo para cristo", "Ante ti con gozo", "El gozo", "El borde de su manto", "Mi mejor adoración", "El poderoso de israel", "Celebra victorioso", "Dios el más grande", "Santo es el señor", "Pues tú glorioso eres señor", "El señor es mi pastor", "Hay una fuente en mí", and many others. He is located in the same praise movement of the 80's, along with Marcos Witt, Marco Barrientos, Jaime Murrell, Danilo Montero, Jesús Adrián Romero, among others.
As a child, Alvarado had a passion for singing and playing the piano. In 1987, Alvarado recorded his first album, "Digno De Alabar" with the group Palabra En Acción. In 1993, Alvarado recorded his first "Solo" album entitled "Aviva El Fuego". A year later Alvarado recorded "Lion Of Juda" in Spanish under Word Records, an American label. After the production of "Aviva El Fuego", Hosanna! Music and CanZion Productions worked together with Alvarado to produce "Glorifícate" and "Tu Palabra" consecutively in 1993. In 1995, Alvarado released "Hoy Más Que Ayer". More recent releases include "Fuego En Vivo" and "Tu Palabra Cantaré".
Joseph Ayo Babalola (25 April 1904 – 26 July 1959) was the first General Evangelist of the Christ Apostolic Church, Nigeria.
The story of his death is credited to one Baba Abiye at Ede. The story was later republished by Prophet I. O. Ogedegbe.
In the final, the German Käthe Krauß won the event in 11.9 seconds ahead of Polish Stella Walasiewicz and British Eileen Hiscock.
Abdelaziz Bouteflika (2 March 1937 – 17 September 2021) was an Algerian politician. From 1999 to 2019, he was the ninth President of Algeria. He was President at the end of the bloody Algerian Civil War in 2002. He ended emergency rule in February 2011 during Arab Spring.
Bouteflika died on 17 September 2021 at his home in Zéralda, Algeria from cardiac arrest at the age of 84. He was in bad health since he had a stroke in 2013.
Enner Valencia (born April 11, 1989) is an Ecuadorian Association football Striker. He plays for C.F. Pachuca and the Ecuador national football team.
The Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; abbreviated to or ; Pinyin: Mínjìndǎng) is a major political party in the Republic of China (Taiwan). The party has been linked with the pan-green coalition and de jure Taiwan independence movement. The DPP is a member of Liberal International and a founding member of the Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats. The DPP represented Taiwan in the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organisation.
This operating system has several new features compared to its previous version. Many of these new features are present in Windows Vista. Mainstream support of Windows Server 2008 and Server 2008 R2 ended on January 13, 2015 and extended support ended on January 14, 2020, the same day as Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 extended support. Windows Server 2008 is eligible for the paid Extended Security Updates (ESU) program (free for Azure Virtual Desktop users). It can extend support for 3 more years, in early installments. Security updates are available for the operating system until January 10, 2023, until the same day, as the end of support for ESU support for Windows Server 2008 R2 and Windows 7, as well until the same day as the end of support for Windows 8/8.1 and Windows RT, and 9 month before end of extended support for Windows Server 2012/R2. In November 2021, Microsoft extended ESU support for Windows Server 2008 and Windows Server 2008 R2 until January 9, 2024, only with Microsoft Azure installed. In the case of Azure, this will mark the final end of ESU support for the Windows Vista codebase after 17 years, 2 months and 1 day.
Nikolai Grigoryevich Rubinstein (born Moscow, 2 June 1835; died Paris, 23 March 1881) was a Russian pianist and composer.. He was the younger brother of Anton Rubinstein and a close friend of Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky.
Nichelle Nichols (born Grace Dell Nichols; December 28, 1932 – July 30, 2022) was an American actress, singer and voice artist. She was known for her role as Uhura in the sci-fi television series "".
Adakaleh (nicknamed Ottoman Atlantis) was a small island in the Danube River at the Carpathian Mountains, opposite on the other bank of Orşova and Tekija. From 1699 onward, it was a part of the Ottoman Empire, until the Treaty of Lausanne in 1923. After that, it was owned by the Kingdom of Romania. In 1939, many Turkish people left Ada Kaleh and settled in Turkey. The Island was flooded in 1968-1971, when a dam was made by the Socialist Republic of Romania and Yugoslavia. The island has been underwater since then. The people who used to live on the island were Turkish speaking Sufism-Muslims Turks. In 1967, before the island was flooded, the Turkish people on the island went to other places in Mainland Romania to Dobruja, but most of the people went to Turkey.
The island was known for its Mediterranean climate and Oriental Flair, with roses, different fruit trees like apricot and fig, almond and sweet chestnut trees, exotic Ottoman architecture and production of Turkish delight, Baklava, Candy, and Turkish coffee, rose water sorbet, Rose and Fig Marmalade, fishing, and souvenirs. The island was also known for smuggling. The island had a mosque with one Minaret and Well for Wudu, and a Hammam, a Bazaar and an old fortress with catacombs, a governor's villa, a cinema, an old Ottoman cemetery, small white Cottages, three or four Mansion, a Hotel, many Café's, a Textile and Tobacco Fabric, a small Power station for Electricy, an Association football pitch and a botanical garden. The islanders were described by outlandish visitors as kindly people, the male and female wear Salwar kameez, the men handsome who wear a Fez (hat), and the women beautiful, some of them veiled in Chador until it was forbidden by Socialist Republic of Romania. Oil wrestling, Belly dance, Turkish dance and Sünnet parties of Boys were performed as tourist attractions.
On 15 November 2021, Merz announced his candidacy in the second 2021 CDU leadership election to replace Armin Laschet. He ran against Norbert Röttgen and Helge Braun. On 17 December 2021, he was elected leader in a landslide victory.
Sidney Edmond Jocelyn "Joss" Ackland, CBE (29 February 1928) is an English actor. He appeared in more than 130 movie and television roles. He was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role for playing Jock Delves Broughton in "White Mischief" (1987).
Aimee Lou Wood (born 3 February 1995) is a British actress. She is best known for her role as Aimee Gibbs in the Netflix original comedy-drama series "Sex Education" (2019–present). She also appeared in the films "The Electrical Life of Louis Wain" (2021) and "Living" (2022).
Darius Campbell Danesh (19 August 1980 – 11 August 2022) was a Scottish singer, artist and West End stage actor. His father is Iranian and his mother is Scottish.
A small private funeral was held for Campbell Danesh on 25 August 2022 at a church in the Glasgow suburb of Bearsden, which only included family members and close friends.
The Congo rainforest in central Africa has one of the longest rivers in the world, the Congo River. The tropical rainforest covers most of the eastern part of the Congo. It is the second largest rainforest in the world (after the Amazon rainforest) and covers two million square kilometers (500 million acres).
In the 1850s a reporter named Henry Stanley went to find one of the most famous missionary/explorers in history, Dr. David Livingstone, who had disappeared into the jungle. Stanley became the first man known to have followed the Congo river across Africa to its source. He proved that there were many miles of navigable river above the waterfalls. His discoveries interested King Leopold of Belgium. The king hired him to build a road around the waterfalls and trading posts along the river itself. In this way, the king gained control of the river basin. In 1885, Leopold used his control of the river to claim all of the Congo as his own private land.
Marc-André Fleury (born November 28, 1984) is a French-Canadian ice hockey player. He plays for the Vegas Golden Knights. He also played for the Pittsburgh Penguins.
Mirka Madeleine Mora (18 March 1928 – 27 August 2018) was a French-born Australian visual artist and cultural figure. She was born in Paris. Her work led to the creation of contemporary art in Australia. Her media included drawing, painting, sculpture and mosaic.
Léonie Sazias (27 July 1957 – 3 October 2022) was a French-Dutch television presenter and politician. She was a member of parliament between 2017 and 2021.
In February 1943, Werner was given a leave to go home to Ulm. When he came home, he found out that Sophie and Hans had been captured by the Gestapo. Along with his parents, Werner travelled to Munich for the trial, storming into the courtroom just as Roland Freisler was about to give the verdict. After a brief stand-off, the Scholl parents were removed from the room. Because Werner had an army uniform on, he was able to melt into the crowd and be there when the judge announced the verdict: guilty. As those in the courtroom got up to leave, Werner was able to push his way up to see Hans and Sophie one last time. Werner grabbed their hands. Tears welled in his eyes as Hans said to him, “Stay strong. Make no concessions!”
A hellabyte (BB) is a unit of measurement for computers of the future. One hellabyte holds 1000 yottabytes (YB) or a octillion (1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000) bytes. 1000 hellabytes make up 1 geopbyte.
A hellabyte is so large that it would take about a trillion supercomputers to store this amount of data.
Kamen Rider Geats is a Japanese tokusatsu drama series. Super Hero Time joined "Avataro Sentai Donbrothers" and then "Ohsama Sentai King-Ohger".
<nowiki> </nowiki>Omar Khayyām () or Omar Khayyam (b. May 18 1048 Nishapur, (Iran) – d. December 4 1131) was a Persian, mathematician, astronomer and poet.
Nelly Sachs (; 10 December 1891 – 12 May 1970) was a German-Swedish poet and playwright. She is a Nobel Prize winner and of Jewish descent.
The stories are a mixture of many different genres, including adventure, satire, and social commentary and changed over time. The first story, "Tintin in the Land of Soviets" came out in 1929, and the last fully completed story, "Tintin and the Picaros", came out in 1976. Another story, "Tintin in Alph-Art", was never officially finished following the death of Hergé in 1983. There have been many unofficial books, but most of those are parodies or not part of the official series. The books in the official series are:
In "Liber Pontificalis", it says that they ascribe a decree to Pope Eleutherius that no kind of food should be despised by Christians(Et hoc iterum firmavit ut nulla esca a Christianis repudiaretur, maxime fidelibus, quod Deus creavit, quæ tamen rationalis et humana est).
Abbas the Great or Abbas I of Persia (Persian: شاه عباس بزرگ; 27 January 1571 – 19 January 1629) was a Persian ruler, the 5th Safavid Shahanshah of Iran, and is generally considered one of the greatest rulers of Iranian history and the Safavid dynasty. He was the third son of Shah Mohammad Khodabanda.
Abbas was a member of the Safavid dynasty of Persian origin, the Safavid family were descendants of the Persian dervish ("mystic") Safi ad-Din Ardabili. His mother, Khairun Nissa was of Mazanderani origin.
Al-Baqarah, ("The Heifer" or "The Cow"), is the second and longest chapter ("surah") of the Quran. It consists of 286 verses ("āyāt").
In December 631 (10 AH), Muhammad dispatched his close companion Ali with 200–300 troops to an expedition into Yemen. Muhammad instructed Ali not to engage the enemies until they attack.
Ali sent out his men, they obtained spoils of war, women, children, camels and flock. Once he met with the people, he invited them to Islam. They rejected him and launched an attack with arrows and rocks. Ali and his men then charged back at them and killed 20 of their men, so they fled. Ali held back the army from pursuing the fleeing enemy and invited them once more to Islam. They quickly responded and pledged allegiance to him. The tribe did this quickly and submitted themselves to Muʿādh ibn Jabal, Muhammad's envoy in Yemen.
According to Sunni Islam, Muhammad honored Ali for his campaigns in Yemen in March 632 (Dhu al-Hijja 10 AH). He said "He whose "mawla" I am, Ali is his "mawla"".
Ivan Janša (born 17 September 1958), better known as Janez Janša, is a Slovenian politician. He served as prime minister from 2004 to 2008, 2012 to 2013 and from 2020 to 2022. He has been the leader of the Slovenian Democratic Party (SDS) since 1993. He was also Minister of Defence (1990–1994, 2000). He was born in Grosuplje.
His political views are seen as right-wing populism. His style of politics has been compared to former U.S. President Donald Trump. After the 2020 United States presidential election, Janša declared Trump the winner, and supported conspiracy theories about the election.
Janša lost his fourth bid for prime minister in April 2022 to the Freedom Movement party led by Robert Golob.
Alexei Nikolayevich Kosygin (; – 18 December 1980) was a Russian man who was Premier of the Soviet Union. He was a friend of the previous Prime Minister, Nikita Khrushchev. He and Leonid Brezhnev led the country together until he died.
Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta (29 January 1945 – 16 January 2022), or as he is often known, IBK, was a Malian politician. He was the President of Mali from 2013 to 2020. He was the Prime Minister of Mali from 1994 to 2000. He was he President of the National Assembly of Mali from 2002 to 2007.
Middle Franconia (, ; Main-Franconian: "Middlfrangng") is a government region in the Free State of Bavaria. The seat of government is Ansbach. In the area of this region are the cities Nuremberg, Fürth, Erlangen.
The terrain of Chitral is quite mountainous, part of the Pamir Mountains are situated here. Tirich Mir which at 25,289 feet (7,708 metres) is the highest peak of the Hindu Kush, rises in the north of the district.
It is known as a popular suicide spot and is reportedly the most popular in Japan. It also ranks as the second in the world after San Francisco's Golden Gate Bridge. There are signs in the forest in both Japanese and English that try to persuade people not to commit suicide. The forest is said to be haunted by the Yūrei (angry spirits) that were left to die. people that go there to take their life usually tie a thread when entering so that if they change their mind and want to make it out alive can locate their path but nobody has ever came out
A urinal (UK /jʊəˈraɪnl/; US/ˈjʊrənəl/) is a special-purpose toilet, made only for urinating by males in public restrooms. There are two varieties of urinals: for one person, and for many people.
Daffy Duck is a cartoon duck from the Warner Bros. cartoons. He stands on two legs, has a black body, a white ring about his neck, and an orange beak. He first appeared in "Porky´s Duck Hunt" in 1937. In 1946, Daffy had started to change, and Daffy became less looney. Over the years, Daffy Duck had changed from a screwball and heckling character to greedy and a jealous character. He was created by Tex Avery and Bob Clampett.
Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs is a computer animated movie made by Sony Pictures Animation, It stars Bill Hader, Anna Faris, Bruce Campbell, James Caan, Andy Samberg, Benjamin Bratt, Neil Patrick Harris, Al Roker, Lauren Graham and Will Forte It got bad reviews but was a box office hit and started a 2013 sequel.
The People of the Book (Ahl al-Kitāb) is a phrase in Islam to refer to people who worship the "One True God": the God of the Christian, Muslim, Jewish, and Sabian. Zoroastrian faith is sometimes included.
"Gott erhalte, Gott beschütze" (; "God preserve, God protect") was the anthem of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. It used the tune of "Gott erhalte Franz den Kaiser" which was a personal hymn for Emperor Francis II of the Holy Roman Empire.
The Société nationale des chemins de fer français ( ​]; abbreviated as SNCF ]; French for "French National Railway Company") is France's national state-owned railway company. Founded in 1938, it operates the country's national rail traffic along with Monaco, including the TGV, on France's high-speed rail network. Its functions include operation of railway services for passengers and freight (through its subsidiaries SNCF Voyageurs and Rail Logistics Europe), as well as maintenance and signalling of rail infrastructure (SNCF Réseau). The railway network consists of about 35,000 km (22,000 mi) of route, of which 2,600 km (1,600 mi) are high-speed lines and 14,500 km (9,000 mi) electrified. About 14,000 trains are operated daily.
Chaiyaphum () is one of the Isan ("north-eastern") provinces ("changwat") of Thailand. As of 2000, 1 million people live there, and has an area of 12,778.3 km². The Governor is Thawon Phrommichai.
I Am... Sasha Fierce is the third studio album by American singer Beyoncé. It was released on November 12, 2008 by Columbia Records. It featured a more of a pop and R&B sound with heavy usage of dance music and ballads in its musical direction.
During the spring of 1988, Milwaukee, Wisconsin had 55 days straight without any precipitation. In the summer, two record-setting heat waves developed, similar to 1934, 1936 and 1983–85. The constant heat waves led to as many as 17,000 deaths in the United States.
King Kong is a fictional giant gorilla monster movie character, resembling a huge gorilla. The character first appeared in the 1933 film "King Kong" and the novel by Delos W. Lovelace. The movie is a classic adventure-fantasy horror monster movie franchise. The film was remade in 1976 and once again in 2005. The character has become one of the world's most famous movie icons. Kong has inspired countless spin-offs, comic books, team ups with other monsters and more. There was even a stage play. His role in the different movies varies, ranging from a rampaging monster to a vegetarian or anti-hero monster who only wants to be left alone. other animated films include, "The Mighty Kong", Kong: King of Atlantis and Kong: Return to the Jungle. television series include, The King Kong Show, Kong: The Animated Series, Kong: King of the Apes, Skull Island: The Series. other influences of those films, Unknown Island (1948), Mighty Joe Young (1949/1998), Konga (1961), Shikari (1963), The Mighty Gorga (1969), Ape (1976), Queen Kong (1976), Goliathon (1977), (1977), King of The Lost World (2005), The Abominable (2007), Bigfoot (2012), Rampage (2018), Konga TNT (2020), Ape Vs. Monster (2021).
Bento are often sold in train stations. These are called ekiben (駅弁). Those sold in airports are called Soraben (空弁). Kyaraben (キャラ弁), is a shortened form of the two words "character" and "bento" and is becoming more popular.
Pest () is the eastern part of Budapest, Hungary. It is separated by the Danube River from Buda and Óbuda, the western parts of Budapest. Pest is famous for the Hungarian Parliament Building, Heroes' Square and Andrássy Avenue.
Telefónica () is a Spanish broadband and telecommunications provider in Europe and Latin America. The company was created in Madrid in 1924 as Compañía Telefónica Nacional de España (CTNE) with ITT as one of its major shareholders.
Donald III (c. 1032–1099), was King of Scots from 1093–1094 and 1094–1097. He was also called Donald the Fair and Donald the White. His father was Duncan I of Scotland. In May 1094, Donald's nephew Duncan II stole the throne. Duncan was killed and Donald became king again in November 1094. Donald died in 1099 and his nephew Edgar became king.
In 1977, Ehman was working at the SETI project as a volunteer; his job involved going through large amounts of data processed by a computer and recorded on paper. While looking at the data collected on August 15 at 22:16 EDT (02:16 UTC), he noticed a series of values showing signal strength and frequency that left him and others amazed.
Ehman has said: "We should have seen it again when we looked for it 50 times. Something suggests it was an Earth-sourced signal that simply got reflected off a piece of space debris." He later took back his some of his doubt, after further research showed that explanation to be very unlikely, given that any space debris the signal would have bounced off of would have had to meet some unrealistic requirements. Also, other problems arise because the 1420 MHz signal is within a a bandwidth reserved for astronomical purposes, in which radios on Earth are banned from using. In a 1997 paper, Ehman suggest that not draw "vast conclusions from half-vast data"— and acknowledged the possibility that the signal may have been military or from people on Earth.
Moore is a city in Cleveland County, Oklahoma and is part of the Oklahoma City Metropolitan Area. The population was 41,138 at the 2000 census. Moore has been known for being the site of large Tornadoes.
It was very small and not that special until 1961, when it gained over 21 square miles, and it became a full fledged city in 1962. Large Industrial development began in the 1960s, which led to a large increase in population, soon the city’s population increased massively, with over 17,000 residents moving in between 1960 and 1970.
Soon, in the 1970s, A program was started where various Smiley Faces we’re painted on the town water tower. Also in the 1970s, the Moore post office became a branch of the Oklahoma City post office in 1972.
On May 3, 1999, Moore was the site of a Very Large F5 Tornado. The tornado killed 36 people, injured 583, and caused damage equivalent to $1 billion. The event currently holds the record for Highest wind speeds measured globally, at 301 ± 20 miles per hour. Moore was hit by another EF5 tornado on May 20, 2013. This tornado killed 24 people, injured 212, and caused an estimated $2 billion in damage.
Allan Kardec (Hippolyte Léon Denizard Rivail 3 October 1804 31 March 1869) was a French philosopher and teacher.
Vaccine hesitancy is not supporting vaccines and the spread of conspiracy theories against vaccines. Some believe that vaccines cause more harm than good.
"Anti-vaccinationism" is about the opposition to vaccination; in more recent years, anti-vaccinationists have been known as "anti-vaxxers" or "anti-vax". Vaccine hesitancy is complex and context-specific, varying across time, place and vaccines.
Kirby is the main character of the "Kirby" franchise. His main ability is to copy the powers of enemies.
At least 460 people were killed in the massacre by Lebanese Forces. Those killed were nearly all Palestinian refugees, and the slaughter was carried out at the discretion of the Lebanese Christian political party by their Phalangist militia. The massacre is today referred to as Sabra and Shatila after the names of the refugee camps that were assaulted in the attack.
The Lebanese civil war takes place in a context of extreme tensions all around Lebanon. The politicians are extremely corrupted and cannot agree on the country's policy, for example on subjects such as international policy and on the Palestinian question, in which many countries of the Middle-East region are involved at this time.
Civilians are divided, mostly directly because of the organization of the Lebanese society: The society is divided between religious groups. That means if you were a Christian, you were assimilated in the society as a Christian and nothing else. Certain religious groups had certain political rights and occupied specific functions that could not be taken by a member of another group. Christian group was essentially monopolizing the political life while certain Muslim groups, such as Sunni and Shi'i, were put aside.
There is also an important Palestinian presence in the south of the country. Palestinians are mainly refugees. They are also numerous members of the PLO (Palestine Liberation Organization), who established in south Lebanon in order to lead terrorist operations from there. Therefore, the different classes of society are also divided about the Palestinian question that is supported by some but not by others. The economic situation is not great as well since unemployment is at a very high rate.
Violent events rise during the end of the 1960s and the first half of 1970s. They are persecuted by different factions with various revendications. People are overall tired of the monopoly of Christians and struggle for more rights and representation. Several armed movements are creating, with different political views. The Lebanese National Movement, led by Kamal Jumblatt, asks for the de-confessionalization of Lebanon: It wants to end the religious class societal system. Sunni and Shi'i struggle for more representation and support the Palestinian refugees, creating groups reuniting those populations. Many Palestinians therefore join the struggles.
It is today considered that the civil war starts on the 13 of April, 1975, after one of these attacks, committed by the phalanges against a Palestinian bus. Fights immediately generalize in the same day. The government finds itself unable to control and demilitarize the militias that create all around the country and violences rise extremely quickly.
During these first two years of war, several massacres are already committed. For example, the massacre of Tel al-Za'atar (1976) by the Syrian and Lebanese Phalanges forces against Palestinians. Also, the massacre of Damour (1976) by the Palestine Liberation Organization against Christians.
Civilian fights last for a year until other countries step in the fight. In 1976, Syria steps into the conflict, and so the Lebanese civil war starts to impact all the Middle-east region. Israel also steps into the conflict in 1982, pretexting the attempt against the Israeli ambassador, Shlomo Argov. The Israeli army invades Lebanon by the south until Beirut. According to the claims of the invaders and the leaders representing them, the intention of the invasion was to safeguard Israeli citizens and to generally diminish the threat of international terrorism. Because of how these attacks were targeted and the nature of Israeli army’s invasion, this intentionality would mean a siege of West Beirut and destruction of the PLO as well as the surrounding area. At this time, Syrian forces also began occupying areas of Lebanon. It is the same year in this context that the Sabra and Shatila massacres will be perpetrated.
Right before the massacre of the two camps, the current President of Lebanon, Bachir Gemayel, is murdered in a bombing attack on the 14 of September 1982. He also was the leader of the Lebanese Phalanges. In reaction, those take control and close the west part of Beirut, including the Sabra and Shatila camps. Their invasion was helped by Israeli forces, who are sent at the pretext of maintaining order in the capital.
Formally known as the Christian Maronite Lebanese Forces, the Lebanese Phalanges were the primary Christian militia involved in the Lebanese Civil War. The Maronites first came to Lebanon in an attempt to escape persecution in Syria, and it was at this time that the group was able to build a relationship with European powers, specifically maintaining a connection with France. In addition to the Phalangist militia, there was also a strong Phalangist political party, led most prominently by Pierre Gemayel.
One of the key leaders of the Phalangist military faction was Bachir Gemayel, son to Pierre, and eventually elected president, though he was assassinated in mid-September of the same year he was elected, before having the opportunity to actually take office. His murder was carried out via bombing and perpetrated by Habib Tanious Shartouni, whose allegiance lied with Syria and is known to have been a member of the Syrian Social Nationalist Party. Another pertinent figure to the Phalangist group in Lebanon was Elie Hobeika, who was known to have a close relationship with Gemayel and served as a military leader for the Lebanese forces at the time of the war.
Israel steps into the conflict in 1982 by sending troops to Lebanon. This action follows the murdering attempt on Shlomo Argov, the Israeli ambassador. It gives to Israel the pretext to invade the south of Lebanon and the capital. This operation is called "Peace for Galilee". Its goal behind the intervention was to drive out the PLO fighters who established in the country. Though the murdering attempt on Shlomo Argov was not perpetuated by the PLO, it gave to Israel the justification to attack Palestinian fighters in Lebanon. The Israeli army slowly advance until Beirut where they join their military forces with the Syrian forces already involved in the conflict and with the Lebanese Phalanges. They will not enter the capital, though, after a cease-fire agreement was conclude with the USA in September.
After the assassination of Bachir Gemayel, though, Israel breaks the agreement. Before the massacre of Sabra and Shatila, the Israeli forces will allow the Lebanese militia to enter the camp, despite of the agreement of protecting the muslim populations.
The PLO, formally the Palestine Liberation Organization, was initially conceived in 1964 with the ultimate intention of creating a Palestinian state. The organization had directly opposition to and conflict with the State of Israel.
Following revolts, Jordanian-Palestinian conflict in the early 1970s, and the events of Black September, a large number Palestinians were forced to flee Jordan and entered Lebanon seeking refuge and a place where they could better face potential confrontation. Both Palestinian refugees and fighters had been privy to large amounts of violence, death, and decimation and sought to establish a place for themselves in Southern areas of Lebanon and in Beirut.
The Palestinian refugees' presence in Jordan played a significant role in the rising tension which eventually led to the Lebanese Civil War. They were the target of several forces, including the Maronites, accompanied by the Lebanese army and several other militias, as well as the Israeli army. As we know, they would eventually become the objective and victims of the Sabra and Shatila massacre.
In June of 1982, the Israeli army executed an unprecedented invasion of Lebanon in an attempt to effectively obliterate the Palestinian Liberation Organization, its infrastructure, and its allies, inciting continued violence and battle in the area. Part of this attack was a culmination of tensions among Zionists and Phalangists. The Phalanges ultimately sought to achieve dominion over Lebanon, and in particular with concern to religion; they desired a Maronite Christian supremacy in the country and a strict force of control in which they wielded power. They were willing to elevate the ongoing conflict in Lebanon and sanction war and violence to achieve their goals, using a variety of military strategies including a near constant arial strafe of the capital city.
Despite steadfast attempts at resistance from the Palestinian-Lebanese side, violence and death was crescendoing and other actors became involved. Along with several others, the Lebanese prime minister at the time, Shafik Wazzan, and an American representative named Philip Habib were making attempts to diffuse the issue diplomatically. On 11th August 1982, they came to an accord which designated that the PLO would be forcefully removed from Beirut under the direction of both American and European forces, specifically France and Italy. Providing this evacuation of Palestinian troops, the Israeli government made guarantee that their army would not infiltrate west Beirut or perpetrate further attack. They also pledged, in conjunction with the United States government, to assure the safety of the Palestinians and people already inside the refugee camps.
The Shatila camp, located in west Beirut, had been a standing Palestinian refugee camp since the 1940s, established for several years before the massacre took place. Over time, the camp had grown to also include the nearby Sabra neighborhood, and both Sabra and Shatila were in the direct path of the violence being perpetrated by the Israeli forces. However, because of the formal agreement reached by Philip Habib and Shafik Wazzan, the camps and the Palestinian civilians' security should have been safeguarded. This changed following the assassination of Lebanese president Bachir Gemayel, which prompted the Israeli army and the Phalangist militia, whose loyalty was strongly tied to Gemayel, to take action that they considered necessary to regain control in Beirut and protect the area and people within it. This claim of needing to acquire security and safeguard against terrorism was the veneer Israeli forces employed to justify the disruption of their previous promises and the acts of brutality which followed. Many other parties, including the United States, were implicated in the events of the next few days.
On 15th September, the Israeli army was the first power to occupy Sabra and Shatila, closing all access out of the camps and effectively confining thousands of civilians and refugees inside. From 16th to 18th September 1982, the camps were then subjected to an onslaught of violence, rape, abuse, and mass murder. Other groups became involved in carrying out the decimation, including the Lebanese Forces and other right-wing militias. The massacre was an enormous loss of human life, consisting of almost entirely Palestinian refugees and Lebanese civilians, including many women and children, hospital patients, and public servants such as medical staff. There is still uncertainty as to precisely how many were killed in the massacre; some state the death toll to be as low as 300, some claim it's nearer to 1,700, while other estimates range as high as 4,500 victims. Most sources posit that at least 3,000 innocent people were murdered in this 3-day period.
Very few time after the massacre was commited, it immediatly reached an international range. It was highly denonced by international powers and by the israeli population. The United Nations qualified the event as a "high scale massacre" and as a "genocide". It also pointed out the responsability of Israel, while Israeli people manifested in the streets. An international inquiry commission, the Mc Bride Commission, was opened. Under the pressure, Israeli government was forced to open its own inquiry commission, the Kahan Commission.
The Mc Bride commission, does not establish the direct responsability of Israel in the massacre. However, it makes Israel responsible for letting the Phalanges enter the camps and helping the massacre by lightning the camps at night. This allowed the massacre to continue even after nightfall.
Following the Kahan Commission, Israel recognized having surrounded and controlled the camps during the massacre. However, it denies knowing that the massacre was happening. Ariel Sharon, the Israeli ministor of Defense, was several times blamed for the responsability of the massacre, for failing to prevent it. He was sued in Belgium with other Israeli supervisors. However, the plaint would not be followed.
Elie Hobeka was particularly blamed as the one who ordered the massacre by the Phalanges. He was the leader of the Lebanese secret services. Today, his role as the main responsible of the massacre is fully acknowledged. He would however die in a bombing in 2002 as he was involved in the Belgian trial for the accusation against Ariel Sharon.
Nowadays, many scholars and journalists have written about the massacre. Also, numerous testimonies depicting the massacre have spread through journalists's work. Many testimonies witness the fact that Israeli soldiers saw the massacres occurring from where they were. We can illustrate that, non-exhaustively, through the testimonies collected by Pierre Péan, or Leila Shahid. These allegations however could have been discussed and their authenticity could not have always been proved.
These testimonies represent an important part of the actual memory of the massacres. In addition to their memorial role, they are also used by journalists and scholars who study the importance of the massacre. .They can also study sources today put to disposition in order to establish precisely the actions and responsabilities of every actors. Seth Anziska has for exemple worked on American actions during the war. He based his works on elements such as the communications between Israel and the USA or the record of the military movements.
Shueisha Inc. (Japanese: 株式会社集英社, Hepburn: "Kabushiki-gaisha Shūeisha") is a Japanese company headquartered in Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan. The company was established in 1925 as the entertainment-related publishing division of Japanese publisher Shogakukan. The following year, Shueisha became a separate, independent company.
Manga magazines published by Shueisha include the "Jump" magazine line, which includes shonen magazines "Weekly Shōnen Jump", "Jump SQ", and "V Jump", and seinen magazines "Weekly Young Jump", "Grand Jump" and "Ultra Jump". They also publish other magazines, including "Non-no". Shueisha, along with Shogakukan, owns Viz Media, which publishes manga from all three companies in North America.
Al-Imran ( Arabic : آل عمران) is the third surah of the Muslim religious book, the Qur'an , with 200 verses and 20 ruku's. Surah Al-Imran has been revealed in Medina.
Jan Thilo Kehrer (born 21 September 1996) is a German football player. He plays as a defender for Paris Saint-Germain and the Germany national team.
Thomas Michael Bond, OBE (13 January 1926 – 27 June 2017) was an English author. He was best known for his Paddington Bear series of books. Bond was awarded a OBE in the Queen's Birthday Honours 2015.
Aluminium foil (also called aluminum foil in American English) is foil (a thin sheet of metal) made of aluminium. It is less than 0.2 mm (7.9 mils) thick. It can easily be bent or wrapped around objects. Aluminium foil replaced tin foil in the mid 20th century.
Current president Alberto Fernández is a member of the Justicialist Party. Former presidents Juan Domingo Perón, Héctor Cámpora, Raúl Lastiri, Isabel Perón, Carlos Menem, Ramón Puerta, Adolfo Rodríguez Saá, Eduardo Camaño, Eduardo Duhalde, Néstor Kirchner, and Cristina Fernández de Kirchner were members too.
Curb Your Enthusiasm is an American television sitcom. It is produced by HBO. It premiered on October 15, 2000. The series was created by comedian Larry David, as a fake version of himself. It follows him as a TV writer and producer in Los Angeles, though for one season he is in New York City. It also stars Cheryl Hines as Larry's wife, Jeff Garlin as his manager and best friend, Jeff, and Susie Essman as Jeff's wife, Susie.
Charlton Kenneth Jeffrey Howard (born 17 August 2003), known professionally as the Kid Laroi, is an Australian rapper and singer. He is the winner of many awards, including two ARIA Music Awards, five "Billboard" Music Awards, an iHeartRadio Music Award, and nominations for two Grammy Awards and three MTV Video Music Awards.
Inspector Gadget is a Canadian-French-American-Japanese anime that ran from 1983 to 1986. It was the first show produced by DIC Entertainment.
Luis Miguel González Bosé (born April 3, 1956), usually known as Miguel Bosé, is a Panamanian-born Spanish pop new wave singer and actor. He was born in Panama City. He is known for his albums "Papito" and "Papitwo". His mother was Italian actress and model Lucia Bosè.
The eruptive period lasted two days. [46] The first phase, which lasted about 18 hours and allowed most residents to flee, was pumice rain (lapilli). The fact that only about 1,150 bodies have been discovered on site so far[47] seems to support this notion, and most escapees are likely to have managed to rescue some of their most expensive possessions; several skeletons have been discovered carrying jewelry, money, and silverware.
Pyroclastic flows, consisting of high-speed, dense, and extremely hot ash clouds, began near the volcano at some point during the night or early the next day, completely or partially destroying all structures in their path, incinerating or suffocating the remaining population, and altering the landscape, including the coastline. The eruption was over by the nightfall of the second day, leaving just a haze in its wake.
Heat, not ash suffocation, was the predominant cause of death at Pompeii and adjacent towns, according to a multidisciplinary volcanological and bio-anthropological study[48] of the eruption products and victims, fused with numerical models and tests. The findings of the study, published in 2010, demonstrate that even if individuals were covered within structures, exposure to at least 250 °C (480 °F) hot pyroclastic flows at a distance of 10 kilometres (6 miles) from the vent was enough to cause instant death. Pompeii's inhabitants and houses were buried in up to twelve separate layers of tephra, totaling up to 6 meters (19.7 feet) deep.
Pliny the Younger wrote a first-hand description of Mount Vesuvius' explosion from his Misenum perch across the Bay of Naples, although it was published 25 years afterwards. [49] Pliny the Elder, his uncle, perished while attempting to rescue trapped victims, with whom he had a strong relationship. Pliny the Elder, as commander of the fleet, had ordered the Imperial Navy ships stationed at Misenum to cross the harbor to aid evacuation efforts. Pliny the Younger's account of the eruption is so important that similar events are now referred to as "Plinian" by volcanologists. Based on one version of the letter, it was long assumed that the eruption occurred in August, although another version[50] specifies a date of the eruption as late as September.
The phylum Bacteroidetes is a large, diverse group of bacteria composed of three large classes that are found across every habitat on Earth including in soil, in sediments, sea water and in the guts and on the skin of animals. The group is composed of around 7000 sub-groups split into six catagories: "Bacteroidia, Chitinophagia, Flavobacteria, Sphingobacteria, Saprospiria" and "Cytophagia."
"Bacteroidetes" have many roles but primarily breakdown large organic matter such as proteins and complex sugars into smaller molecules. Members of "Bacteroidetes" can be both helpful and unhelpful to humans to humans and plants. Some members are involved in metabolism and breaking down food. On the other hand, some members are pathogenic, they cause disease in humans. Members of the genus "Bacteroides" are opportunistic pathogens. Rarely are members of the other two classes pathogenic to humans.
The gastrointestinal tract in humans is made up of the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and anus. This is the path that food enters the body and waste matter leaves the body. The majority of microbes in the human body live in this gastrointestinal tract . Bacteroidetes can be found in all of the different parts of the gastrointestinal tract, even though the conditions in each part can be very different from each other.
The number of "Bacteroidetes" can be used to indicate the health of the gut. Low numbers can be associated with obesity. Higher numbers are associated with irritable bowel syndrome and diabetes.
Although many members of "Bacteroidetes" are needed for a healthy gut in humans, some can act as pathogens to humans. Members of the "Bacteroides" group are useful bacteria that live in the gut. However, if there is a tear in the intestine, they are able to escape and can cause infections in the body. "Bacteroides" can cause infections in the gastrointestinal tract and the appendix.
"Bacteroides" are tolerant to many antibiotics and can share this tolerance with other dangerous bacteria. It can be treated with certain antibiotics but the problem of tolerance is of real concern.
"Bacteroidetes" is one of the most common bacteria found in the rhizosphere, this is the area surrounding a plant’s roots. They can also be found on the surface of leaves.
Like in humans, "Bacteroidetes" can also cause disease in plants". Flavobacterium johnsoniae" is a member of "Bacteroidetes" which causes decay of plants and vegetables. Some strains of "Flavobacterium" cause disease in red plants and algae. "Bacteroidetes" can also break down cell walls damaging plants.
"Bacteroidetes" can also be found in marine environments such as seas , oceans and lakes. They are the third most common bacteria found in the ocean. They are found on surfaces (living and non-living), rocks and minerals, corals and algae. They are an important part of floating bacterial life (bacterioplankton) in marine environments. Bacterioplankton are involved in the recycling of essential elements in marine ecosystems. "Bacteroidetes" breakdown large organic matter in marine environments.
Tom and Jerry Tales is an animated television series which began production in 2005. It was on The CW's "Kids WB" block. The series stars the well-known title characters from the "Tom and Jerry" shorts, and is the first made for TV cartoon to emulate the theatrical shorts. It grew from direct-to-video movies "" (2001), "", "" (2005), "" (2006), and "" (2007).
Data ( ), is a fictional character in the American Science fiction television show Star Trek played by actor Brent Spiner. Data who is a cyborg, is a main character in the Star Trek series and in four movies; Star Trek Generations, , , and Star Trek Nemesis.
The Citroën AX is a car produced by Citroën. It replaced the Citroën LN in late 1986 with the 3-door model and the Citroën Visa in 1987 with the 5-door model although the Visa continued until 1988. It was facelifted in late 1991 and was replaced by the Citroën Saxo in 1996 but the AX continued in some markets until 1998. In Malaysia, it was sold as the Proton Tiara with only a 5-door version from 1996 to 2000.
Mark William Lanegan (November 25, 1964 – February 22, 2022) was an American singer-songwriter, author, and musician. He became known as the lead singer for early grunge band Screaming Trees. He was also known as a member of Queens of the Stone Age and The Gutter Twins. He released eleven solo studio albums. Lanegan was known for his baritone voice.
The Pontian Greek Genocide () was a genocide by the Young Turks in the Ottoman Empire during World War I. It is estimated that at least 1,100,000 Pontic Greeks were killed during the raids and the massacres.
Andrew Lewis Goram (13 April 1964 – 2 July 2022) is a Scottish former footballer. He played as a goalkeeper. He was born in Bury, Lancashire, England.
Happy Hardcore is a type of dance music. It has a very fast tempo (usually around 160–180 BPM). It also normally has solo vocals. It usually features various melodies and basslines which keep playing until the song ends.
Schubert Gambetta, also spelled Shubert Gambetta and nicknamed "Mono Gambetta", was a descendant of Santino Gambetta, who emigrated from Liguria to Uruguay in the early 20th century. He started playing football at the Independiente club, located in the Montevidean neighborhood around Avenidas Rivera and Osorio. On November 30, 1937 he was first committed to Club Atlético Peñarol. After a tough legal battle, he finally switched to competitor Nacional Montevideo.
Schúbert Gambetta Saint Léon (14 April 1920 – 9 August 1991) was a Uruguayan footballer. He played as a half-back and was right-footed. Gambetta was a figure in the Maracanazo when he marked Zizinho and Ademir during the game, which helped him to the 1950 FIFA World Cup All-Star Team. Regarded to be one of the best flank defenders in the history of Uruguayan and world football. Gambetta was reowned as a strong and a quick defender, who stood out for his leadership on the pitch, man-marking opponents, acceleration, beating opponents with his dribbling, long range passing and his great tackling. On the other hand, he was also considered versatile, capable of playing in ten line positions, both on the left and right flanks. Former player, former coach and current commentator Juan Faccio defined that "Gambetta, if he played now, would be the courage and prodigiousness of Ruso Pérez, the strength and courage of Diego Lugano, the ball strike of Diego Forlán, the dominance of Nicolás Lodeiro, Luis Suárez's header, Diego Godín's speed ", practicing well the fundamentals of running, passing, dominating, anticipation and heading, being a defender who knew how to reach the goal in conservative times for the advance of the defense: considered ahead of his season, he was widely considered as one of the greatest football players in the 1940s and 1950s.