timescale/wikipedia-22-12-simple-embeddings huggingface dataset:
The goal is to drop blocks, called tetrominos, down into a 10x20 block playing field to make horizontal lines. Tetriminos are made of four connected squares each There are seven different types of tetrominos. Levels have a set goal, or number of lines to clear. When the goal number reaches zero, the player moves to the next level. As the levels go up, the tetrominos fall faster. A player receives bonus points if he can clear more than one line with a single tetromino. Clearing four lines is called a "tetris", three lines a "triple" and two lines a "double". Clearing two tetrises in a row is called a back-to-back tetris. The player can also turn a T-shaped tetromino into a hole, called a T-slot, to get more points. This move is called a "T-spin". In older versions of the game, the player loses when the tetrominos make it to the top of the playing field. In more modern versions of the game, the can lose in two ways. The first is when they place a piece completely above the playing field. The second way to lose is if a player places a piece that blocks the next piece from spawning in.
The Cotswolds is a range of hills in central-southwest England, sometimes called the "Heart of England", a hilly area reaching over 300 m. The area has been designated as Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The highest point in the Cotswolds is Cleeve Hill at 330 m (1083 ft).
Neon is a chemical element on the periodic table. It is part of the noble gas group and it has an atomic number of 10. It is an odorless and tasteless gas.
A chemical reaction needs to take place in order to form neon gas. The award for the first discovery of neon, argon, krypton, and xenon goes to Sir William Ramsay, a British physical chemist, and Morris Travers. Together they discovered a brand new gas element in 1898. Four years before, Ramsay had found argon and was the first person to isolate helium in 1895. The scientists froze argon, using liquid air, and then evaporated this to collect the gas that is produced. Using a high voltage, they collected the first sample of the gas. To their surprise, the gas illuminated the glass tubes and glowed with bright crimson light.
Upon discovery, the two scientists decided to name the new gas Neon, after the Greek word Neos, meaning the new one. While Ramsay and Travers discovered neon gas, they didn’t invent neon lamps. It wasn’t until 1902 when French engineer and inventor Georges Claude showcased the first neon light.
Neon does not react with other elements, so it is found in pairs by itself. There is not much neon in the air, and it is clear, so we do not see it.
Most that are bred at Japanese zoos are "Ailurus fulgens styani". They are called レッサーパンダ in Japan and 小熊貓 (xiǎo xìong māo ) in China, both literally translating to English as "small bear-cat", or "fox-bear". They have become popular for how they look. The IUCN classes them as 'vulnerable'
System of a Down is an American metal band. They started in 1995 in Los Angeles, California with four members of Armenian descent, Serj Tankian (lead singer, born August 21, 1967), Daron Malakian (lead guitar, singer, born July 18, 1975), Shavo Odadjian (bass, background singer, born April 22, 1974) and drummer Andy Khachaturian (but was replaced with John Dolmayan).
In 1997, SOAD teamed up with Rubin and produced their first studio album. In 1998, "System of a Down" was released. This album was not as popular as the next album, but it made people aware of who and what System of a Down stood for.
Francisco Franco (Francisco Paulino Hermenegildo Teódulo Franco Bahamonde Salgado Pardo de Andrade, 4 December 1892 – 20 November 1975) was a Spanish military leader who ruled as fascist dictator of Spain from 1939 until his death. His song was called Cara al Sol.
He was a leader of a coup d'état against the Spanish Second Republic in 1936. After this uprising the Spanish Civil War started. Franco was supported by fascists, big businesses, the church, conservative people and Spanish nationalists. The Spanish Republic had a socialist government that wanted to make businesses and the church less powerful. The Republic also set up local parliaments in the regions of Spain. Nationalists thought this was wrong and would make Spain weak.
Franco remained neutral during World War II as Hitler did not accept his conditions for Spain to take part in it with the fascist and nazi regimes. He let a group of volunteer soldiers join the German Army to fight the Russians between 1941 and 1943. They were called the "División Azul" (Blue Division)
On June 24, 2022, the Supreme Court ruled in a 5-4 decision that abortion is not a protected right in the United States.
US President Joe Biden said, "It's a sad day for the Court and for the country," and that "the health and life of women in this nation are now at risk." In a statement, former President Donald Trump took credit for the decision and called it "the biggest WIN for LIFE in a generation.”
Windows Vista is the 6th version of the Microsoft Windows operating system from Microsoft. It is the successor to Windows XP. While it was being made, it was called Longhorn. On July 28, 2005, Microsoft gave out its real name, which was Windows Vista. The original release of Windows Vista was supported until April 13, 2010; every user of Windows Vista needs to install a Service Pack 2 in order to receive security patches and support after that date. With Service Pack 2 installed on Windows Vista, Microsoft ended mainstream support on April 10, 2012 and then stopped supporting Windows Vista as a whole on April 11, 2017.
The common chimpanzee ("Pan troglodytes"), or robust chimpanzee, is a species of great ape. The common chimpanzee is often called the chimpanzee (or "chimp"), but this can refer to both species in the genus "Pan": the common chimpanzee and the closely related bonobo.
Gorillas are large apes. They can be strong like chimpanzees, orangutans and humans. An adult male gorilla can weigh up to 225 kilograms and stand 1.8 meters in height. Gorillas live in family groups called troops. They have a broad chest, wide shoulders, short legs, and long strong arms. They have black skin and hair. Adult male gorillas' hair becomes silver/grey on their backs as they become older. Because of that, older males are called "silverbacks".
In the 2010s many countries and some states in the United States made it legal for people with certain medical problems to use cannabis as a medicine. Medical use of cannabis is legal in Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, Colombia, the Czech Republic, Finland, Greece, Israel, the Netherlands, Spain and the United Kingdom. In March 2017 Germany legalised cannabis for medical use with treatment of pain and symptoms by chronic diseases. Only a few companies and doctors in Germany willingly prescribe cannabis for medical uses. Not much known about the broad spectrum of medical cannabis efficacy as the drug is still listed under the German narcotics act (in German "Betäubungsmittelgesetz" or abbr. "BtMG").
Scorpions are eight legged venomous arachnids. They have a long body with an extended tail with a sting. The average adult scorpion is about 3 inches in length. The longest scorpion is the African scorpion, which can be 69 inches long. There are about 1,750 species of scorpions worldwide.
Electromagnetism is one of the four fundamental forces of nature. The others are gravity, and the the strong and weak interactions of particle physics.
At her first press conference after her election as leader, she said that the upcoming election campaign would be positive. After her appointment, the party had a large amount of public campagin donations, reaching NZ$700 per minute at its highest. When Ardern became party leader, Labour rose in opinion polls. By late August the party had reached 43 per cent as well as beating the National Party in opinion polls for the first time in over a decade. Critics said that her ideas were similar to Andrew Little's and believed that Labour's sudden increase in popularity was because of her youth and good looks.
In mid-August 2017, Ardern said that a Labour government would create a tax working group to look for the chance of increasing taxes for the wealthy and lowering them for middle-class working families. This idea became unpopular and Ardern said that her tax plan would not be pushed in a first term of Labour government. Minister of Finance Steven Joyce found that the Labour Party had problems in its $11.7 billion budget.
On 14 March 2020, Ardern announced the government's response to the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand. She said that the government would be requiring anyone entering the country from midnight 15 March to isolate themselves for 14 days. She said the new rules will make it harder for people to travel to the country. On 19 March, Ardern said that New Zealand's borders would be closed to all non-citizens and non-permanent residents, after 11:59 pm on 20 March (NZDT). Ardern announced that New Zealand would move to a nationwide lockdown, at 11:59 pm on 25 March.
Opinion polls showed the Labour Party with nearly 60 per cent support. In May 2020, 59.5 per cent of citizens found Ardern as "preferred prime minister".
In the 2020 general election, Ardern led her party to a landslide victory. Her party won an overall majority of 65 seats in the 120-seat House of Representatives, and 50 per cent of the party vote. She was also re-elected to her seat on the Mount Albert electorate by 21,246 votes. Ardern said her landslide victory was because of her response to the COVID-19 pandemic and the economic impacts it has had.
On 16 February 2021, Prime Minister Ardern criticised the Australian Government's decision to remove dual New Zealand–Australian national and ISIS bride Suhayra Aden's Australian citizenship. Aden had migrated from New Zealand to Australia at the age of six and became an Australian citizen. In response, Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison defended the decision to take away Aden's citizenship, saying legislation removing dual nationals of their Australian citizenship if they were engaged in terrorist activities. After a phone conversation, the two leaders agreed to work together to fix the issues Ardern had said.
Ardern believes in removing the Māori electorates and they should be decided by Māori people. She supports teaching of the Māori language in schools.
In the 2016 census, More than 1.67 million people in Canada identified as Indigenous, making them 4.9 per cent of Canada’s population.
Millennials (also known as Generation Y) are typically defined as the generation of people born from 1981 to 1996. The United States Library of Congress and the federal government of Canada (Statistics Canada) have both officially cited the 1981-1996 birth range for Millennials as of 2022. These federal agencies state that 1996 is the last birth year of the Millennials.
A few researchers and demographers use 1980 as the starting birth year and as late as 2001 as the ending birth year.
People in this generation are sometimes called Echo Boomers because of the high birth rate during this period. The high birth rate almost exceeds that of the Baby Boom period after World War II. Some of the famous celebrities who are from Generation Y include Harry Styles, Katy Perry, Britney Spears, Natasha Bedingfield, Christina Ricci, Anna Chlumsky, Joshua Wong, Beverley Mitchell, Kim Kardashian, Lady Gaga, Kate Bosworth, Justin Bieber, Caroline Sunshine, Mandy Moore, Tom Holland, June Diane Raphael, Macaulay Culkin, Sophie Turner, Miley Cyrus, Mara Wilson, Hailee Steinfeld, Colbie Caillat, Zendaya, Post Malone, Dua Lipa and Avril Lavigne.
Tyrannosaurus (from , tyrannos, meaning "tyrant" and , sauros, meaning "lizard"). was a large predatory dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous, 68 to 65 million years ago.
The most famous species of tyrannosaurus is "Tyrannosaurus rex". More than 30 specimens have been found. Some of them are nearly complete skeletons, and soft tissue and proteins have been reported in at least one of these specimens. Research is done on its biology, life history and biomechanics. The feeding habits, physiology and potential speed of "Tyrannosaurus rex" are some topics of debate. Some scientists think "Tarbosaurus bataar" from Asia is a second species of "Tyrannosaurus", but others think "Tarbosaurus" is a separate genus.
It took experts four years to make the partial skeleton ready for a museum. Jane went on display at Rockford, Illinois in the Burpee Museum of Natural History. Some paleontologists think Jane was a young tyrannosaurid, about 11 years old when she died. Jane is measured 6.5 metres (21.5 ft) long, about half as long as the largest known complete "T. rex" specimen, which is 13 m (42.6 ft) long. Experts think Jane weighed about 680 kg (1,500 lbs) when she was alive. Her large feet and long legs show she could perhaps run as fast as 20–30 miles per hour. Her lower jaw has 17 teeth. Her teeth are curved and serrated.
Hoover Field, which opened in 1926, was the first major terminal in the Washington area and was located on a piece of land close to where the Pentagon stands today. The airport had one runway that crossed a local street, which meant that tarmac workers had to stop automobile traffic during take-offs and landings. The next year, Washington Airport, another privately operated field,was opened next to it. In 1930, the economic turmoil caused by the Great Depression caused the two terminals to join to form Washington-Hoover Airport. Washington-Hoover Airport's initial field was in a poor and undesirable location. On one side of the airport was U.S. Route 1, an important highway in the D.C. area. The highway had electrical wires running alongside it, meaning that it posed as a threat to planes that landed and took off from the field. Additionally, there was also a smokestack that was dangerously close and in the way of one of the runway. A dump was also very close to the airport.
Thirty-seven studies done between 1926 and 1938 showed the need for a better airport. However, due to a law that did not allow the federal government to build airports, it could not be considered or planned for. On top of this, Congress refused to even attempt to make plans for a new airport. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, knowing this information, grew tired of waiting on Congress, and moved forward with attempting to create the new airport, which he could do on the technicality that he was allowed to spend money when Congress was not in session. He used that power to spend $15 million to construct a new airport that better served the nation's capital, and construction on Washington National Airport broke ground in 1938. Congress did not think that what FDR did was legal, but did not stop the construction from being built.
The airport today sits south of Washington, D.C., parallel to U.S. Route 1. The eastern side of the airport had to be enlarged to make room for the runways, so developers filled in a small section of the Potomac River to make room for them. The western part of the airport was once part of a large Virginia plantation, known as . For many years the plantation house was near where the airport parking lot stands today, but in 1930, the house burned down. In 1998, efforts to preserve the site of where the house once stood were made by the Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority, and a small exhibit of the house exists today in Terminal 1 of the airport.
In 1984, Secretary of Transportation Elizabeth Dole created a group to look into moving control of National and Dulles Airports from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to a local group. The selected group(s) could use the money the airports made to pay make them better. The group felt that it would be better for one agency to be in control of both airports. The other choice was to have Virginia control Dulles and the District of Columbia control National. In 1987, Congress gave control of the airport from the FAA to the new Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority (MWAA). This groups choices were still under the control of a Congressional review panel. The constitutionality of the review panel was later challenged in the Supreme Court. The Court has twice said that it was not constitutional. Even after this, Congress still takes control of the airports.
Caesium was first described in 1860, by Gustav Robert Kirchhoff and Robert Wilhelm Bunsen. They were testing mineral water, from Bad Dürkheim. After they separated calcium, strontium, magnesium and lithium, they saw two lines in the "blue" range of the spectrum. Because of these lines, they concluded that in addition to the elements already found, there must be another unknown substance in the mineral water. They named this substance caesium, after the color blue.
The Schutzstaffel ( (SS) or better known as the SS was a large security and military organization controlled by the National Socialist German Workers Party (Nazi Party) in Germany. "SS" was sometimes written in Runic as , and this symbol was put on the SS flag and insignia. It was formed in 1925 in Weimar Germany or better known as the Weimar Republic . In 1934 the SS became powerful after the execution of the head of the Sturmabteilung (SA) leader Ernst Röhm in Night of the Long Knives .
The grammar is similar to Russian, but there are some differences. Slovak, unlike Russian, has a separate word for “to be”:
It is the story of the Strawhat Pirates, led by captain Monkey D. Luffy, on their adventures in Grand Line. The main theme is Monkey D. Luffy's dream to find the One Piece, a grand treasure that the King of the Pirates, Gold Roger left behind. One Piece seems to take place in a world with one continent, many different islands, and a vast and large sea filled with monsters, pirates and treasure. "One Piece" is serialized in "Weekly Shōnen Jump". The most successful movies are "Strong World" and "One Piece Film Z".
Nami was a thief who stole from pirates. She is a navigator of the Strawhat Pirates now. Her other name is 'Cat Burglar Nami'. She is 20 years old. Her sister is Nojiko. She is from Kokoyashi. She likes oranges, and respected her late foster mother, Bellemere.
Usopp is a great sniper but a coward who lies often. His epithet was 'King Of Snipers: Sogeking (Sniper King)' but was changed to 'God ussop. His weapon is a slingshot, and he has excellent aim. Luffy officially made him the crew's sniper after he had perfect aim on his first try at shooting a cannon, destroying an island in one blow (which also happened to be the island where Yosaku and Johnny were resting). His father is Yasopp, a sniper on Shank's crew.
Chopper is a blue-nosed reindeer that ate a devil fruit which gave him the ability to become partly human. His epithet is 'Cotton Candy Lover Chopper'. He is the doctor of the straw hat crew, and has a habit of "hiding behind objects" in a way where he is completely visible.
Robin, formerly member of the crime organization Baroque Works, joins the crew after being saved by Luffy. Her epithet is "Devil Child Nico Robin". She ate a devils fruit that lets her create Replications of her body parts on any surface she wants.
Franky is a cyborg and a ship craftsman. His epithet is 'Cyborg Franky'. His body runs on Cola, although using other liquids can give amusing results. Franky's usual attire consists of swimming pants and some kind of T-shirt, even in freezing conditions. His usual phrase is "SUPER!"
After 10 years, Luffy is 17 years old and he trained a lot. He leaves his town, Fusha town to be the king of pirates. But soon, he met with a disaster, then he met Koby. Koby's dream is to be a marine, but unfortunately he stays in Alvida's ship. Alvida is a female pirate and a big angry woman. Koby can't escape the ship and works on the ship. Luffy beats Alvida and helps Koby, then he goes to Shellstown with him.
He signed a 5-year contract and was to return at the Royal Rumble 2020 but he got injured and he is to return in 2021. Batista is coming out of retirement.
Batista made his return on July 7, 2006. Batista won his first televised match since his return, a six-man tag match with Rey Mysterio and Lashley taking on King Booker, Finlay and Mark Henry. Oddly, Mark Henry was injured, and could not wrestle in the match between the two at The Great American Bash. Batista made several tries to win back the championship title before finally winning it back from Booker T on November 26, 2006.
The Warsaw Pact, officially the Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance, was an organization of Central and Eastern European socialistic and people’s democracy states. The states were all allies and would fight together if one of them was attacked. While in theory all the countries in the organisation were equals, the smaller countries were controlled by the Soviet Union. The countries in the Warsaw Pact were East Germany, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria and Albania however Albania withdrew in 1968 following the 1968 Warsaw Pact Invasion Of Czechoslovakia and so did Romania.
Religion determines what many people believe about modesty. Modesty is required in many cultures, based upon the beliefs of Abrahamic religions that see the human body as shameful. Orthodox Judaism and Islam require believers to wear clothing that covers all of the body that is sexual. For women, this includes the entire body except hands and faces, including the hair. Anabaptist Christian groups continue to observe purely functional "plain dress". These include the Amish and Mennonites in the United States. Less strict, but conservative religious groups also adopt clothing and behavior more modest than what is acceptable by the majority.
Islamic countries have few places for nudity outside the home communal bathing at the steam bath (hammam) which is for men and avoids complete nudity, a waist wrap being worn. In countries lacking baths in the home, public baths for women only may exist.
Openness regarding homosexuality has led to stricter levels of modesty in same-sex situations, such as in changing-rooms. In several places, community showers have been changes to allow privacy. Many students no longer shower after exercise. In addition, cell-phone cameras have changed the assumption of privacy in shared spaces.
Women in Western societies were often not allowed to appear in public other than fully clothed until the 1920s. Women's bathing suits have steadily exposed more, with the bikini becoming typical for the young, suits that cover the torso for the more modest. In the 1960s a bikini bottom alone became popular in Europe, but has declined as women become aware of internet voyeurism. Organizations advocate for women to be allowed to have the same rights to bare their chests as men. A group intentionally violated the law in New York state not only to overturn the law but make it unconstitutional. In 1992, the state's highest court ruled that New York's law did not apply when there was no sexual intent, as in sunbathing. However, the argument for equal rights under the Constitution was rejected.
Historically, the female breast was not part of the body needing to be hidden, breastfeeding being a necessary and natural function for nurturing children. The assumption that breastfeeding must always be done in private is a recent change in societies where it has become rare. In societies where breastfeeding remains the norm, not covering the breasts in other situations is more common. In some societies, breastfeeding in public has been made a legal right, but mothers may be reluctant to do so because other people may object.
Naturists (or nudists) see nudity as the natural state of humans for many activities. Nudity is seen as beneficial to both physical and mental health. Modesty is maintained by behavior which avoid sexuality while naked. Western religious views reject the idea that nudity can ever be non-sexual. Naturism is practiced in resorts and campgrounds worldwide, but is a normal part of everyday life in Scandinavia and Germany.
Only the Abrahamic religions (Judaism, Christianity, and Islam) associate nakedness with sexual sin. In ancient civilizations, nakedness might be embarrassing as a sign of low status but not shameful regarding sexuality. Nudity was also not associated with sexuality due to fishermen, herders, and other laborers being naked while working.
The Christian standards of modesty are mainly about women avoiding tempting men into sexual sin. Pope Pius XII stated in 1940 that women should cover their upper arms and shoulders, that their skirts should cover at least as far as the knee, and the neckline should not reveal anything. Mary A. Kassian, professor of women’s studies at The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary, writes about the unfairness of placing the responsibility for resisting temptation upon women. She notes that standards of behavior vary from church to church. Citing scripture, she finds that modesty is about reverence, not just clothing, and finds nothing in the bible about skirt length or particular parts of the body being covered. American sex education often teaches young people that the human body is shameful.
Blaise Pascal (19 June 1623 – 19 August 1662) was a French mathematician, physicist, inventor, philosopher, writer and Catholic theologian. He was born in Clermont-Ferrand, France. His mother died when he was three years old. His father's name was Étienne. He had two sisters, Jaqueline and Gilberte. Pascal was completely educated by his father.His father was a tax collector. Pascal was considered a child prodigy. Though best known for his works in mathematics, including the creation of Pascal's Triangle, which is named after him, and developments in the field of probability, Pascal was also a scientist. He wrote in support of the scientific method and also contributed to physics. Later he wrote two books about Christianity. Also, the Pascal unit was named after him.
The Simpsons is an American adult animated sitcom. It was created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company. The show started on December 17, 1989 and so far over 677 episodes have aired in 33 seasons. As of today, the show is in its 33rd season. As a full-length movie, "The Simpsons Movie", was released on July 27, 2007 as a celebration of the franchise. It is aimed at the whole family.
The comedy takes place in the fictional town of Springfield, although it is speculated that this town may correspond to the real-life cities of Springfield, Oregon (a city near where Groening grew up) or Springfield, Virginia, from the adventures of Homer, Marge, Bart, Lisa and Maggie. Homer's name is an Homerous. His full name is Homer J. Simpson. Bart's name is an anagram of Brat. His full name is Bartholomew Jojo Simpson. This TV show has a yellow skinned cartoon family. In 1998, Phil Hartman was murdered by his wife, resulting in his characters being removed from the show. In 2000, Ned Flander's wife, Maude Flanders was killed off. Also in 2000, Barney Gumble became sober. In 2002, the production of The Simpsons had switched from cels to digital ink and paint. During that time, The Simpsons had suffering of franchise fatigue. "Sneed's Feed and Seed" from the episode E-I-E-I-(Annoyed Grunt) became an internet meme.
Once a person reaches the age of majority, there are some things they can do that they could not do before. These may include buying stocks and marrying without having to ask for permission. The ages that these things can be done are different depending on where the person lives.
Radium is a chemical element with the atomic number 88 and symbol Ra on the periodic table. It was discovered by Marie Curie and Pierre Curie in the form of radium chloride in 1898. It is an almost pure-white alkaline earth metal, but when it is exposed to nitrogen, it turns black quickly. All isotopes of radium are radioactive, and it glows faint blue because of this.
Anthony Robert McMillan OBE (30 March 1950 – 14 October 2022), known professionally as Robbie Coltrane, was a Scottish actor, author and comedian. He is known both for his role as Dr. Eddie "Fitz" Fitzgerald in the British television series "Cracker" during the 1990s and as Rubeus Hagrid in the "Harry Potter" movies.
Manuel dos Santos (28 October 1933 – 20 January 1983) was a Brazilian football player. He played for Brazil national team. Garrincha, the nickname "little bird" he got from his sister. He won the 1962 World Cup in Chile with Brazil after Pelé was injured. He is regarded as one of the greatest footballers of all time and considered one of the best dribblers and by many the greatest dribbler ever.
At the height of his career, he signed Manoel dos Santos, in honor of a homonymous uncle, who helped him a lot. Garrincha is also widely recognised as the finest dribbler in football history.
Garrincha's best talent certainly consisted in his very particular dribbling, a game that he performed in making two different types of movements: cutting towards the inside of the field or, typically, widening to the right, always starting with the ball and chain from his own area of ​​expertise, placed near the sideline of the pitch. In the second case, his actions were rather repetitive, without affecting the success of the feint; Garrincha, after receiving the ball on the wing, aimed at the direct opponent and then stopped, causing the marker to stop in turn, after which he threw himself to the right, subsequently folding on the opposite side. The winger repeated the play more than once, when he decided to overtake the now disoriented defender with a definitive acceleration again on the right. Dribbling was made particularly effective by the explosiveness of the shot and the unpredictability of the movements due to the asymmetry of the lower limbs. Garrincha often abused this skill, as he used to dribble opponents and wait for them to retrace their steps so as to overcome them a second time, for pure pleasure; in a match valid for the Rio-San Paolo tournament that Botafogo played against América, the referee threatened to expel him due to the excessive number of dribbles carried out at the expense of full-back Ivan.
Despite having been afflicted with several birth defects (he had strabismus, an imbalance of the pelvis, six centimeters of length difference between the legs; the right knee had valgus and the left varus), Garrincha, "The Anjo de Pernas Tortas", was one of the main players in the 1958 FIFA World Cup and, especially, the 1962 FIFA World Cup, when, after Pelé's injury, he became the main player of the Brazilian team. Of Brazil's 14 goals in the competition, six (42%) went through his feet (he scored four and provided two assists for goals). In this tournament, he became the first player to win the Golden Ball (best player in the tournament), the Golden Boot (the competition's top scorer) and the World Cup trophy in the same edition. Because of this, the 1962 World Cup is known in Brazil as "The Garrincha Cup".
Included in the Football Team of the 20th Century by 250 of the world's most respected football writers and journalists, he was selected in 1994 for the FIFA World Cup All-Time Team and ranked seventh in a vote among FIFA experts. about the best player of the 20th century.
Garrincha married twice. The first time with Nair Marques, a factory girl from his hometown of Pau Grande, and the second time with Elza Soares, a well-known samba singer. But in addition, Garrincha had several other affairs and in total he left behind thirteen children after his death, one of which was in Sweden.
In the spring of 1959, Garrincha had an affair with a waitress from the players' hotel in Umeå, after a Botafogo friendly match in Sweden. Nine months later, a letter was delivered to him in Rio de Janeiro saying that Garrincha had fathered a son. His Swedish grandson, Martin Lindberg, also had an aptitude for football and played as a right winger as a youth player for Halmstads BK, but had to finish football at level after he tore his knee ligament in 2009.
After his football career, things quickly went downhill for Garrincha. He didn't know how to handle the fame and started drinking more and more. In 1983, at the age of 49, he died of cirrhosis. His funeral procession, from Maracanã Stadium to Pau Grande, drew thousands of people and after his death people wrote on the wall: "Thank you, Garrincha, for living".
In the capital Brasilia, a stadium is named after him: Estádio Mané Garrincha, and the stadium of Esporte Clube Pau Grande also bears his name.
Garrincha played in his youth for a local club from Pau Grande. At the age of nineteen, in the summer of 1953, he reported for the first time for a trial training, at Botafogo in Rio de Janeiro. He played as a right winger against international Nílton Santos (later elected by FIFA as left back in the twentieth century world team). Garrincha passed him immediately. Nilton Santos thought he could tame this young lad, but Garrincha also left him behind for the next five moves. The trainer had seen enough and after three training sessions, Garrincha was allowed to try in the first team of Botafogo and immediately scored a hat trick.
He played for the club for twelve years and scored 232 times in 581 matches. With Botafogo he won the Campeonato Brasileiro once and the Campeonato Carioca three times. In his last years at this club, Garrincha's body started to work against him and his broken knees started to hinder him more and more. After his stint with Botafogo, he played a number of matches for Sport Club Corinthians Paulista, Flamengo and Colombian Atlético Junior. In 1969 there was talk of being sold to the French Red Star Paris, but he never signed a contract. In 1972 he finished his career with Olaria.
Between 1955 and 1966, Garrincha played 50 games for the Brazil national team with 12 goals and played in the 1958 World Cup, 1962 World Cup and 1966 World Cup. Brazil became world champions in 1958 and 1962. He also won the Oswaldo Cruz Cup five times in 1955, 1956 but he didn't play any matches, 1958, 1961 and 1962. He became champions in 3 O'Higgins Cup tournaments in 1955, 1959 and 1961
He also won the Roca Cup in 1957, 1960 and 1963 but he wasn't able to play any matches in that year's tournament. And he also won the Taça Atlântico Cup in 1956 but he couldn't play any matches and he won the 1960 tournament. Garrincha was omitted to play for the 1954 FIFA World Cup and 1956 South American Championship.
This was the first World Cup for both Pelé and Garrincha. In the first two games, Garrincha and Pelé were stubbornly ignored by Feola. After a collective plea from the selection, they were finally included in the base against the Soviet Union. In that match, Garrincha tried the left post and Pelé the right within two minutes. Garrincha turned right back Kuznetsov completely mad and already in the third minute Vavá. scored the 1-0. The Soviet Union was not given a moment's rest by the artists of Brazil. Yet it only became 2-0 thirteen minutes before the end, again with Vavá as the finisher. The spectators in Gothenburg still marveled at a comical bouncer by Garrincha. As if on a string, he had as many as five Russians dance in a circle around the ball. Brazil's demonstration justified a much higher score than the 2-0. But the world had become acquainted with the Pelé and Garrincha phenomena. Brazil eventually reached the final, in which the home country belittled Sweden by no less than 5-2. He was being recognized as one of the best players of the tournament and was included in the Team of the tournament. Garrincha won the first world title.
Four years later, Garrincha shone at the World Cup in Chile, where Pelé was injured in the second game. It would be Garrincha's tournament, as the 1986 World Cup was Maradona 's tournament. The Brazilians, with largely the same team as in 1958, missed the brilliance of four years ago. But Garrincha took them in tow and led them to a second world title. In the quarter-final against England, he stepped out of the shadow of the absent Pelé in full glory for the first time. He could even head straight away. At the 1-0 he reached, 1.68 meters short, higher than the 1.86 meters long Maurice Norman. After the 1-1, Garrincha inspired the Brazilians as pacesetter. He awarded Vavá the 2-1 and closed the show himself with 3-1. In the semi-finals, home country Chile was then defeated 4-2, partly thanks to Garrincha's 1-0 and 2-0. In the final phase, Garrincha was kicked in the shins for the umpteenth time. The star was so tired of the pounding that he kicked back. The expelled Garrincha fled to the locker room to cheers and whistles. On the way another bottle popped on his head. Bleeding, he made it to the catacombs. He was allowed to be used in the final against Czechoslovakia. After the intervention of the Brazilian Prime Minister Tancredo Neves, his suspension was converted to an official warning. Garrincha played the final with a fever of 39 degrees, so he had to leave the leading role to others. After trailing 1-0, the Czechs, with Josef Masopust as director, were defeated 3-1. Garrincha became this tournament's top scorer and player of the tournament.
Garrincha said goodbye to football on December 19, 1973 at the age of 40, when a friendly match between the Brazilian national team and a selection of players chosen by FIFA, called FIFA XI, took place at the Maracanã stadium. In addition to Garrincha, the first team was made up of players who had won the World Cup three years earlier, including Carlos Alberto Torres, Brito, Rivelino, Jairzinho and Pelé; the second was made up of ten elevenths by Argentines and Uruguayans. The match ended 2-1 for the Brazilian selection, thanks to goals from Pelé - who dribbled all the opposing defense - and Luís Pereira. The proceeds were donated to Garrincha himself, who at the end of the match, during which he did not shine, moved on a field tour to say goodbye to the one hundred and thirty-one thousand spectators who came to the stadium.
Garrincha still played for more than ten years, albeit at an amateur level. Among the teams with which he played in this period it is worth mentioning that of the Milionários, a formation made up of ex-professionals who used to play friendly matches around Brazil. With this team he played almost five hundred games between 1974 and 1982, alongside famous names such as Nílton Santos, Hilderaldo Bellini, Djalma Santos, Vavá, Rivelino and Serginho.
He also played in the Sacrofano football team, being paid 100,000 lire per game, then a militant in the First Category championship and coached by Dino da Costa, his former teammate in Botafogo, dragging her to victory in the Mignano Monte Lungo quadrangular tournament.
His last appearance on a football field occurred at a charity match held on Christmas day 1982, during which he played for twenty minutes (forty-five according to other sources). The match was held at Planaltina, near Brasilia , and saw as opponents Londrina, with Garrincha, and the representative of the Associaçao de Garancia ao Atleta Profissional (AGAP), a team that won 1-0.
He is known for the songs "Life Of The Party", "Stitches" (his biggest hit and a UK number-one), and "Treat You Better", "There's Nothing Holding Me Back",“In My Blood”, “If I Can’t Have You” and most recently “Senorita” with camila cabello .
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