Writing prompt: A Book Review of The Lost World

Student essay:
One of my favourite great books is The Lost World, by Arthur Conan Doyle. The story was set in London and Amazon, in the Great Britain and South America, in the nineteenth century. It tells an exciting story between a reporter, two professors and an explorer in Amazon.
Malone, the hero of the book, is a junior reporter who wanted to report a scoop of the century. When he heard that Professor Challenger had found prehistoric creatures still survive in Amazon, he joined the group to the Amonzon, include professor Challenger, the thin professor Summerlee and the expert explorer Lord John. They go deep in the Amazon and found the creatures true exist. Then they went up to the plateau by making a bridge with a tree, but the two villagers pushed the tree into the chasm, s they do some explorers. One night, malone went in the forest alone, but when he came back, he found that their camp was smash and the others were all gone. Then he met Lord John and found out that they were caught by ape-man. At last, they went back to London and showed the egg to the people, but it flew away.
My favorite part of the book is on the first night, they found the creatures. Summerlee apologised to Professor Challenger that all this time he doubted Professor Challenger's word, and Challenger is telling the truth. Then Challenger accept his apology. The professors fight for the truth all the time, but when they found they are wrong, they apologised. The lost world is a great book. It is more than an adventure story. It describes an amazing lost world. It is written in everyday English. And the dialogues sound especially real. Today, it is still read and loved by people allover the world.

Corrected essay:
One of my favourite great books is The Lost World by Arthur Conan Doyle. The story is set in London and the Amazon, in Great Britain and South America, in the nineteenth century. It tells an exciting story about a reporter, two professors and an explorer in the Amazon.
Malone, the hero of the book, is a junior reporter who wanted to report a scoop of the century. When he heard that Professor Challenger had found prehistoric creatures still surviving in the Amazon, he joined the group to the Amazon, including Professor Challenger, the thin Professor Summerlee and the expert explorer Lord John. They went deep into the Amazon and found the creatures truly existed. Then they went up to the plateau by making a bridge with a tree, but the two villagers pushed the tree into the chasm, as they did to some explorers. One night, Malone went into the forest alone, but when he came back, he found that their camp was smashed and others were all gone. Then he met Lord John and found out that they were caught by ape-men. At last, they went back to London and showed the egg to the people, but it flew away.
My favorite part of the book is the first night when they found the creatures. Summerlee apologised to Professor Challenger because all this time he had doubted Professor Challenger's word, and Challenger was telling the truth. Then Challenger accepted his apology. The professors fight for the truth all the time, but when they find they are wrong, they apologise. The Lost World is a great book. It is more than an adventure story. It describes an amazing lost world. It is written in everyday English. And the dialogues sound especially real. Today, it is still read and loved by people all over the world.

Error analysis:
error_sentence: One of my favourite great books is The Lost World, by Arthur Conan Doyle.
correct_sentence: One of my favourite great books is The Lost World by Arthur Conan Doyle.
error: ,
error_type: Punctuation Error
error_severity: 2
error_description: Punctuation Error: According to English book title citation standards, a comma should not be used to separate the book title and the author's name. Delete the redundant punctuation mark 〈,〉, and write it directly as 『The Lost World by Arthur Conan Doyle』 to make the sentence conform to standard format.

error_sentence: The story was set in London and Amazon, in the Great Britain and South America, in the nineteenth century.
correct_sentence: The story is set in London and the Amazon, in Great Britain and South America, in the nineteenth century.
error: was
correction: is
error_type: Verb Tense Error
error_severity: 3
error_description: Verb Tense Error: When describing the fixed content of a literary work, the simple present tense should be used. Change the past tense 〈was〉 to 『is』, correcting it to 『The story is about...』 to express a constant fact using the simple present tense.

error_sentence: The story was set in London and Amazon, in the Great Britain and South America, in the nineteenth century.
correct_sentence: The story is set in London and the Amazon, in Great Britain and South America, in the nineteenth century.
correction: the
error_type: Determiner Error
error_severity: 2
error_description: Determiner Error: River names as proper nouns must be preceded by a definite article. Add the missing 『the』, correcting it completely to 『the Amazon』, conforming to the grammatical rule: “the + river name”.

error_sentence: The story was set in London and Amazon, in the Great Britain and South America, in the nineteenth century.
correct_sentence: The story is set in London and the Amazon, in Great Britain and South America, in the nineteenth century.
error: the
error_type: Determiner Error
error_severity: 2
error_description: Determiner Error: Most country names, such as 〈Great Britain〉, as proper nouns, do not take an article. Delete the superfluous 〈the〉, and use 『Great Britain』 directly to make the sentence more standard.

error_sentence: It tells an exciting story between a reporter, two professors and an explorer in Amazon.

correct_sentence: It tells an exciting story about a reporter, two professors and an explorer in the Amazon.
Malone, the hero of the book, is a junior reporter who wanted to report a scoop of the century.
error: between
correction: about
error_type: Preposition Error
error_severity: 2
error_description: Preposition Error: 〈between〉 is used for comparing specific relationships, whereas here it is necessary to express the scope of the topic. Change to 『about』 to achieve semantic precision, correcting to 『a story about...』, indicating the core meaning of "concerning".

error_sentence: It tells an exciting story between a reporter, two professors and an explorer in Amazon.

correct_sentence: It tells an exciting story about a reporter, two professors and an explorer in the Amazon.
Malone, the hero of the book, is a junior reporter who wanted to report a scoop of the century.
correction: the
error_type: Determiner Error
error_severity: 2
error_description: Determiner Error: River names as proper nouns must be preceded by a definite article. Add the missing 『the』, correcting it completely to 『the Amazon』, conforming to the grammatical rule: “the + river name”.

error_sentence: When he heard that Professor Challenger had found prehistoric creatures still survive in Amazon, he joined the group to the Amonzon, include professor Challenger, the thin professor Summerlee and the expert explorer Lord John.
correct_sentence: When he heard that Professor Challenger had found prehistoric creatures still surviving in the Amazon, he joined the group to the Amazon, including Professor Challenger, the thin Professor Summerlee and the expert explorer Lord John.
error: survive in
correction: surviving in the
error_type: Nonfinite Verb Form Error
error_severity: 4
error_description: ① Nonfinite Verb Form Error: After a preposition, the verb should be in the -ing form. Change the base form 〈survive〉 to 『surviving』, forming the correct structure 『found prehistoric creatures still surviving』, which conforms to the “preposition + object + present participle as complement” structure; ② Determiner Error: River names as proper nouns must be preceded by a definite article. Add the missing 『the』, correcting it completely to 『the Amazon』, conforming to the grammatical rule: “the + river name”.

error_sentence: When he heard that Professor Challenger had found prehistoric creatures still survive in Amazon, he joined the group to the Amonzon, include professor Challenger, the thin professor Summerlee and the expert explorer Lord John.
correct_sentence: When he heard that Professor Challenger had found prehistoric creatures still surviving in the Amazon, he joined the group to the Amazon, including Professor Challenger, the thin Professor Summerlee and the expert explorer Lord John.
error: Amonzon, include professor
correction: Amazon, including Professor
error_type: Nonfinite Verb Form Error
error_severity: 5
error_description: ① Spelling Error: According to English spelling conventions, 〈Amonzon〉 is a spelling mistake; it should be corrected to 『Amazon』 according to geographical name conventions, noting the letter order of the second 'a' and 'o', to express the meaning “Amazon”; ② Nonfinite Verb Form Error: In the active voice, 〈include〉 should be changed to the present participle 『including』 to introduce an adverbial phrase of accompaniment, forming 『including dinosaurs and other...』, which conforms to the standard usage of present participles to indicate inclusion; ③ Case Error: According to English usage rules, the academic title 〈professor〉 as a form of address must have its first letter capitalized. Correct to 『Professor Challenger』 to conform to proper noun conventions.

error_sentence: When he heard that Professor Challenger had found prehistoric creatures still survive in Amazon, he joined the group to the Amonzon, include professor Challenger, the thin professor Summerlee and the expert explorer Lord John.
correct_sentence: When he heard that Professor Challenger had found prehistoric creatures still surviving in the Amazon, he joined the group to the Amazon, including Professor Challenger, the thin Professor Summerlee and the expert explorer Lord John.
error: professor
correction: Professor
error_type: Case Error
error_severity: 1
error_description: Case Error: According to English usage rules, the academic title 〈professor〉 as a form of address must have its first letter capitalized. Correct to 『Professor Challenger』 to conform to proper noun conventions.

error_sentence: They go deep in the Amazon and found the creatures true exist.
correct_sentence: They went deep into the Amazon and found the creatures truly existed.
error: go deep in
correction: went deep into
error_type: Verb Tense Error
error_severity: 4
error_description: ① Verb Tense Error: Recalling specific exploratory events requires the past tense. Change the present tense 〈go〉 to 『went』, forming 『they went deep...』, describing a past event that has already occurred; ② Preposition Error: According to preposition usage rules, 〈in〉 is used for static location, while 『into』 is used for dynamic movement into something. Change to 『went deep into the rainforest』 to indicate the direction of deep movement.

error_sentence: They go deep in the Amazon and found the creatures true exist.
correct_sentence: They went deep into the Amazon and found the creatures truly existed.
error: true exist
correction: truly existed
error_type: Verb Tense Error
error_severity: 4
error_description: ① Adverb Error: According to the rule that adverbs modify verbs in English, the adjective 〈true〉 cannot directly modify a verb; it should be changed to the adverb form 『truly』. Therefore, modify the sentence to 『found the creatures truly existed』 to conform to grammatical rules; ② Verb Tense Error: According to the principle of tense consistency in context, 〈exist〉 should use the past tense 『existed』 to match the past tense of the main verb 『found』. Therefore, modify to 『the creatures truly existed』.

error_sentence: Then they went up to the plateau by making a bridge with a tree, but the two villagers pushed the tree into the chasm, s they do some explorers.
correct_sentence: Then they went up to the plateau by making a bridge with a tree, but the two villagers pushed the tree into the chasm, as they did to some explorers.
error: s they do
correction: as they did to
error_type: Verb Tense Error
error_severity: 5
error_description: ① Spelling Error: According to English conjunction usage, 〈s〉 is a misspelling and should be corrected to the conjunction 『as』 to introduce an adverbial clause of manner, expressing the meaning “just as”. Therefore, modify to 『as they did』; ② Verb Tense Error: According to the principle of tense consistency, 〈do〉 in the subordinate clause should be changed to the past tense 『did』 to match the past tense of the main clause. Therefore, modify to 『as they did』; ③ Preposition Error: According to English prepositional collocation rules, the verb 『did』 needs to be followed by 『to』 to introduce the object of the action 〈some explorers〉. Therefore, modify to 『as they did to some explorers』 to make the sentence logically complete.

error_sentence: One night, malone went in the forest alone, but when he came back, he found that their camp was smash and the others were all gone.
correct_sentence: One night, Malone went into the forest alone, but when he came back, he found that their camp was smashed and others were all gone.
error: malone went in
correction: Malone went into
error_type: Preposition Error
error_severity: 4
error_description: ① Case Error: According to English proper noun writing conventions, the first letter of the name 〈malone〉 needs to be capitalized. Therefore, correct to 『Malone』 to ensure correct formatting; ② Preposition Error: According to English dynamic preposition usage, when 〈went in〉 means “to enter the interior of a space,” 『went into』 should be used to more accurately express the direction of movement. Therefore, modify to 『went into the forest』.

error_sentence: One night, malone went in the forest alone, but when he came back, he found that their camp was smash and the others were all gone.
correct_sentence: One night, Malone went into the forest alone, but when he came back, he found that their camp was smashed and others were all gone.
error: smash and the
correction: smashed and
error_type: Verb Voice Error
error_severity: 4
error_description: ① Verb Voice Error: According to the English passive voice structure (was + past participle), the verb 〈smash〉 needs to be changed to the past participle 『smashed』. Therefore, modify to 『their camp was smashed』 to conform to grammatical rules; ② Determiner Error: According to English rules for generic noun reference, delete the superfluous definite article 〈the〉 to make 『others were all gone』 more concise and natural.

error_sentence: Then he met Lord John and found out that they were caught by ape-man.
correct_sentence: Then he met Lord John and found out that they were caught by ape-men.
error: man
correction: men
error_type: Noun Number Error
error_severity: 2
error_description: Noun Number Error: According to the contextual meaning, 〈ape-man〉 refers to multiple ape-like creatures and should be in the plural form 『ape-men』 to maintain number agreement.

error_sentence: My favorite part of the book is on the first night, they found the creatures.
correct_sentence: My favorite part of the book is the first night when they found the creatures.
error: on
error_type: Preposition Error
error_severity: 2
error_description: Preposition Error: According to English usage conventions, when expressing “the favorite part of the book,” the preposition 〈on〉 does not fit the idiomatic collocation; using 『My favorite part of the book is the first night』 directly is more in line with English expression habits.

error_sentence: My favorite part of the book is on the first night, they found the creatures.
correct_sentence: My favorite part of the book is the first night when they found the creatures.
error: ,
correction: when
error_type: Conjunction Error
error_severity: 3
error_description: Conjunction Error: Two clauses connected by a comma need the subordinating conjunction 〈when〉 to clarify the time relationship. Therefore, modify to 『My favorite part of the book is the first night, when they found the creatures』 to clarify the time relationship.

error_sentence: Summerlee apologised to Professor Challenger that all this time he doubted Professor Challenger's word, and Challenger is telling the truth.
correct_sentence: Summerlee apologised to Professor Challenger because all this time he had doubted Professor Challenger's word, and Challenger was telling the truth.
error: that
correction: because
error_type: Conjunction Error
error_severity: 3
error_description: Conjunction Error: A clause stating the reason for an apology should be introduced by 〈because〉 rather than 〈that〉. Therefore, change to 『because』 to clearly indicate the reason for the apology, in accordance with the logical structure of adverbial clauses.

error_sentence: Summerlee apologised to Professor Challenger that all this time he doubted Professor Challenger's word, and Challenger is telling the truth.
correct_sentence: Summerlee apologised to Professor Challenger because all this time he had doubted Professor Challenger's word, and Challenger was telling the truth.
correction: had
error_type: Verb Tense Error
error_severity: 3
error_description: Verb Tense Error: According to the past perfect tense rule, the action of the verb 〈doubted〉 occurred before another past action, and it needs to be changed to 『had doubted』 to reflect the temporal sequence.

error_sentence: Summerlee apologised to Professor Challenger that all this time he doubted Professor Challenger's word, and Challenger is telling the truth.
correct_sentence: Summerlee apologised to Professor Challenger because all this time he had doubted Professor Challenger's word, and Challenger was telling the truth.
error: is
correction: was
error_type: Verb Tense Error
error_severity: 3
error_description: Verb Tense Error: When narrating past events, tense consistency must be maintained; change 〈is〉 to 『was』 to ensure contextual tense uniformity.

error_sentence: Then Challenger accept his apology.
correct_sentence: Then Challenger accepted his apology.
error: accept
correction: accepted
error_type: Verb Tense Error
error_severity: 3
error_description: Verb Tense Error: According to the simple past tense rule, the verb 〈accept〉 needs to be changed to 『accepted』 to match the past time context of the sentence.

error_sentence: The professors fight for the truth all the time, but when they found they are wrong, they apologised.
correct_sentence: The professors fight for the truth all the time, but when they find they are wrong, they apologise.
error: found
correction: find
error_type: Verb Tense Error
error_severity: 3
error_description: Verb Tense Error: According to the principle of tense agreement between the main clause and subordinate clause, the main clause is in the present tense; the verb 〈find〉 in the time adverbial clause maintains tense consistency.

error_sentence: The professors fight for the truth all the time, but when they found they are wrong, they apologised.
correct_sentence: The professors fight for the truth all the time, but when they find they are wrong, they apologise.
error: apologised
correction: apologise
error_type: Verb Tense Error
error_severity: 3
error_description: Verb Tense Error: When the main clause uses the present tense, the subordinate clause verb 〈apologised〉 should maintain the present tense form 『apologise』 to match the time of describing the characters' actions.

error_sentence: The lost world is a great book.
correct_sentence: The Lost World is a great book.
error: lost world
correction: Lost World
error_type: Case Error
error_severity: 1
error_description: Case Error: According to English book title writing conventions, 〈The lost world〉 as a book title should be changed to the capitalized form 『The Lost World』 to conform to proper noun writing requirements.

error_sentence: Today, it is still read and loved by people allover the world.
correct_sentence: Today, it is still read and loved by people all over the world.
error: allover
correction: all over
error_type: Space Error
error_severity: 1
error_description: Space Error: According to standard English phrase spelling rules, 〈allover〉 is an incorrect conjoined form and should be separated into two words 『all over』 to conform to standard spelling rules.