Writing prompt: The Advantages and Disadvantages of Private Cars

Student essay:
In the recent years,the car's industry has taken off, and more and more people have bought cars, it have made a lot of effects, some of them are good, but other of them brought trouble to our lives. Let us talk about the advantages and disadvantage of cars.
Cars bring us mass of conveniences. For example, we do not need to spent too much time waiting for buses. What's more, we can go to many places that we want to go by using cars.
However, there are also many disadvantage of using cars. First it will pollute the city conditions heavily and cause harm to people's health by using cars. Second, the traffic will becomes more and more crowded,especially during rush hour.
In conlusion, the car bring us conveniences as well as trouble. I think, we can use cars , and we should focus on the conditions.

Corrected essay:
In recent years, the car industry has taken off, and more and more people have bought cars. It has caused a lot of effects, some of which are good, but others brought trouble to our lives. Let us talk about the advantages and disadvantages of cars.
Cars bring us a mass of conveniences. For example, we do not need to spend too much time waiting for buses. What's more, we can go to many places that we want to go by using cars.
However, there are also many disadvantages of using cars. First, it will pollute the city heavily and cause harm to people's health. Second, the traffic will become more and more crowded, especially during rush hour.
In conclusion, the cars bring us conveniences as well as troubles. I think we can use cars, but we should focus on the conditions.

Error analysis:
error_sentence: In the recent years,the car's industry has taken off, and more and more people have bought cars, it have made a lot of effects, some of them are good, but other of them brought trouble to our lives.
correct_sentence: In recent years, the car industry has taken off, and more and more people have bought cars.
error: the
error_type: Determiner Error
error_severity: 3
error_description: Determiner Error: The 〈the〉 in 〈In the recent years〉 at the beginning of the sentence is redundant, because 〈recent years〉 is a general reference to recent years and does not require a definite article. The correct expression is 『In recent years』.

error_sentence: In the recent years,the car's industry has taken off, and more and more people have bought cars, it have made a lot of effects, some of them are good, but other of them brought trouble to our lives.
correct_sentence: In recent years, the car industry has taken off, and more and more people have bought cars.
error: 's
error_type: Noun Possessive Error
error_severity: 3
error_description: Noun Possessive Error: According to English idiomatic expression, 〈car industry〉 is a fixed phrase meaning the automotive sector and does not require a possessive form. Therefore, 『's』 is deleted to comply with the grammatical rules of noun modification.

error_sentence: In the recent years,the car's industry has taken off, and more and more people have bought cars, it have made a lot of effects, some of them are good, but other of them brought trouble to our lives.
correct_sentence: In recent years, the car industry has taken off, and more and more people have bought cars. It has caused a lot of effects, some of which are good, but others brought trouble to our lives.
error: , it have made
correction: . It has caused
error_type: Subject-Verb Agreement Error
error_severity: 5
error_description: ① Punctuation Error: Two independent clauses “...people have bought cars” and “it have made...” cannot be joined by a comma; they should be separated by a period or a conjunction, so 〈, it〉 is replaced with 『. It』; ② Subject-Verb Agreement Error: The subject 〈it〉 is singular, so 〈have〉 needs to be changed to 『has』 to maintain subject-verb agreement; ③ Verb Choice Error: The verb 〈made〉 does not fit the meaning; it should be changed to 『caused』 to correctly express “causing effects”.

error_sentence: In the recent years,the car's industry has taken off, and more and more people have bought cars, it have made a lot of effects, some of them are good, but other of them brought trouble to our lives.
correct_sentence: It has caused a lot of effects, some of which are good, but others brought trouble to our lives.
error: them
correction: which
error_type: Relative Word Error
error_severity: 3
error_description: Relative Word Error: According to English grammar rules, the relative pronoun 〈which〉 should be used instead of 〈them〉 to introduce the restrictive clause, so 〈some of them〉 is changed to 『some of which』.

error_sentence: In the recent years,the car's industry has taken off, and more and more people have bought cars, it have made a lot of effects, some of them are good, but other of them brought trouble to our lives.
correct_sentence: It has caused a lot of effects, some of which are good, but others brought trouble to our lives.
error: other of them
correction: others
error_type: Pronoun Error
error_severity: 3
error_description: Pronoun Error: According to English grammar rules, the pronoun 〈others〉 can directly mean “other (effects)” without needing to repeat 〈of them〉, so it is simplified to 『others』.

error_sentence: Let us talk about the advantages and disadvantage of cars.

correct_sentence: Let us talk about the advantages and disadvantages of cars.

error: disadvantage
correction: disadvantages
error_type: Noun Number Error
error_severity: 3
error_description: Noun Number Error: According to the context, 〈disadvantage〉 is in singular form, but the context requires the plural form to match the preceding 〈advantages〉, so it is changed to 『disadvantages』 to maintain consistency.

error_sentence: Cars bring us mass of conveniences.
correct_sentence: Cars bring us a mass of conveniences.
correction: a
error_type: Determiner Error
error_severity: 3
error_description: Determiner Error: According to English idiomatic expression, 〈mass of conveniences〉 is missing the necessary determiner 〈a〉; the correct expression should be 『a mass of conveniences』, meaning “a large amount of convenience”.

error_sentence: For example, we do not need to spent too much time waiting for buses.
correct_sentence: For example, we do not need to spend too much time waiting for buses.
error: spent
correction: spend
error_type: Nonfinite Verb Form Error
error_severity: 3
error_description: Nonfinite Verb Form Error: According to English expression norms, 〈need to〉 is followed by the base form of the verb, so the past tense 〈spent〉 is changed to the base form 『spend』.

error_sentence: However, there are also many disadvantage of using cars.
correct_sentence: However, there are also many disadvantages of using cars.
error: disadvantage
correction: disadvantages
error_type: Noun Number Error
error_severity: 3
error_description: Noun Number Error: According to English expression norms, 〈disadvantage〉 is in singular form, but the sentence requires the plural form to express multiple drawbacks, so it is changed to 『disadvantages』.

error_sentence: First it will pollute the city conditions heavily and cause harm to people's health by using cars.
correct_sentence: First, it will pollute the city heavily and cause harm to people's health.
correction: ,
error_type: Punctuation Error
error_severity: 2
error_description: Punctuation Error: According to English writing conventions, a comma is missing after the introductory adverb 〈First〉 at the beginning of the sentence to separate it from the main clause, so 『,』 is added to make the sentence conform to the norm.

error_sentence: First it will pollute the city conditions heavily and cause harm to people's health by using cars.
correct_sentence: First, it will pollute the city heavily and cause harm to people's health.
error: conditions
error_type: Word Redundancy Error
error_severity: 3
error_description: Word Redundancy Error: According to the sentence meaning, the intention here is to express “pollute the city”; 〈pollute the city〉 already fully conveys the meaning, making 〈conditions〉 redundant, so it is deleted.

error_sentence: First it will pollute the city conditions heavily and cause harm to people's health by using cars.
correct_sentence: First, it will pollute the city heavily and cause harm to people's health.
error: by using cars
error_type: Word Redundancy Error
error_severity: 3
error_description: Word Redundancy Error: According to English expression norms, 〈by using cars〉 is redundant because the context has already clearly expressed the impact of cars on pollution. The phrase is deleted to improve sentence conciseness.

error_sentence: Second, the traffic will becomes more and more crowded,especially during rush hour.

correct_sentence: Second, the traffic will become more and more crowded, especially during rush hour.

error: becomes
correction: become
error_type: Nonfinite Verb Form Error
error_severity: 3
error_description: Nonfinite Verb Form Error: According to English grammar rules, 〈will〉 is followed by the base form of the verb, so the third-person singular form 〈becomes〉 is changed to 『become』.

error_sentence: In conlusion, the car bring us conveniences as well as trouble.
correct_sentence: In conclusion, the cars bring us conveniences as well as troubles.
error: conlusion
correction: conclusion
error_type: Spelling Error
error_severity: 2
error_description: Spelling Error: According to English writing conventions, 〈conlusion〉 is misspelled and should be changed to 『conclusion』, meaning “conclusion”.

error_sentence: In conlusion, the car bring us conveniences as well as trouble.
correct_sentence: In conclusion, the cars bring us conveniences as well as troubles.
error: car
correction: cars
error_type: Noun Number Error
error_severity: 3
error_description: Noun Number Error: According to English grammar rules, 〈the car〉 needs to be changed to the plural form 『the cars』 to generally refer to cars as a whole category.

error_sentence: In conlusion, the car bring us conveniences as well as trouble.
correct_sentence: In conclusion, the cars bring us conveniences as well as troubles.
error: trouble
correction: troubles
error_type: Noun Number Error
error_severity: 3
error_description: Noun Number Error: According to the context, “trouble” 〈trouble〉 is in singular form, but it needs to correspond with the plural 〈conveniences〉 from the previous clause, so it is changed to 『troubles』.

error_sentence: I think, we can use cars , and we should focus on the conditions.
correct_sentence: I think we can use cars, but we should focus on the conditions.
error: ,
error_type: Punctuation Error
error_severity: 2
error_description: Punctuation Error: According to English grammar rules, a comma is not needed after 〈I think〉 when it introduces an object clause, so the redundant 『,』 is deleted.

error_sentence: I think, we can use cars , and we should focus on the conditions.
correct_sentence: I think we can use cars, but we should focus on the conditions.
error: and
correction: but
error_type: Conjunction Error
error_severity: 3
error_description: Conjunction Error: According to the context, 〈and〉 in the sentence indicates an additive relationship, but the meaning between the two parts shows a contrast, so 〈and〉 should be changed to 『but』 to express the correct logic.