Writing prompt: Written Expression. Assume you are Lin Chen and have just made a new pen pal named Ted. Please write a letter to him describing your personal background, family situation, and your plan to visit Beijing over the summer. Writing hints: Tian'anmen Square, the Palace Museum, Beijing Roast Duck.
Dear Ted,
________
Welcome to China. Have a good day!
Yours,
Lin Chen

Student essay:
My name is Lin Chen. My father is a teacher, and my mother is nurse. Now, this is my plan for the summer holiday. In summer holiday, I am going to the beijing with my family. Beijing is a perfect place. There are many famous, such as Tian'anmen Square, the Palace Museum. And the there are much yummy food, for example, Beijing Roast Duck.

Corrected essay:
My name is Lin Chen. My father is a teacher, and my mother is a nurse. Now, this is my plan for the summer holiday. In the summer holiday, I am going to Beijing with my family. Beijing is a perfect place. There are many famous places, such as Tian'anmen Square and the Palace Museum. And there is much yummy food, for example, Beijing Roast Duck.

Error analysis:
error_sentence: My father is a teacher, and my mother is nurse.
correct_sentence: My father is a teacher, and my mother is a nurse.
correction: a
error_type: Determiner Error
error_severity: 2
error_description: Determiner Error: According to grammar rules, the singular countable noun 〈nurse〉 requires a determiner before it; based on the sentence meaning, an indefinite article should be added here to indicate profession, therefore the indefinite article 『a』 needs to be inserted between 〈is〉 and 〈nurse〉, conforming to English article usage rules.

error_sentence: In summer holiday, I am going to the beijing with my family.
correct_sentence: In the summer holiday, I am going to Beijing with my family.
correction: the
error_type: Determiner Error
error_severity: 2
error_description: Determiner Error: The fixed phrase 〈summer holiday〉 is a countable noun phrase, requiring a definite article when referring to a specific time period; based on the sentence meaning, it refers to a specific 'summer holiday', thus the definite article 『the』 needs to be added before the countable noun 〈summer holiday〉 to conform to expression habits and clarify the specific holiday period.

error_sentence: In summer holiday, I am going to the beijing with my family.
correct_sentence: In the summer holiday, I am going to Beijing with my family.
error: the beijing
correction: Beijing
error_type: Determiner Error
error_severity: 3
error_description: ① Determiner Error: The proper noun 『Beijing』 does not require an article before it, therefore the redundant determiner 『the』 in 〈the beijing〉 needs to be deleted to conform to English place name writing conventions; ② Case Error: The proper noun 『Beijing』, as a city name, requires its first letter to be capitalized, therefore 〈beijing〉 needs to be changed to 『Beijing』 to conform to English place name writing conventions.

error_sentence: There are many famous, such as Tian'anmen Square, the Palace Museum.
correct_sentence: There are many famous places, such as Tian'anmen Square and the Palace Museum.
correction: places
error_type: Noun Error
error_severity: 3
error_description: Noun Error: According to English grammar rules, the 'there be' structure should be followed by a noun, hence a noun is missing after the adjective 〈famous〉 in the original sentence. Based on the sentence meaning, it can be inferred that the intention is to express 'famous places', therefore the plural countable noun 『places』 needs to be added after 〈many famous〉 to make the sentence structure complete.

error_sentence: There are many famous, such as Tian'anmen Square, the Palace Museum.
correct_sentence: There are many famous places, such as Tian'anmen Square and the Palace Museum.
error: ,
correction: and
error_type: Conjunction Error
error_severity: 3
error_description: Conjunction Error: According to English expression conventions, when listing multiple items, a conjunction is needed between the last two items; based on the sentence meaning, 〈Tian'anmen Square〉 and 〈the Palace Museum〉 are in a parallel relationship, therefore the comma in 〈Square, the〉 needs to be replaced with 『and』 to conform to English expression habits.

error_sentence: And the there are much yummy food, for example, Beijing Roast Duck.
correct_sentence: And there is much yummy food, for example, Beijing Roast Duck.
error: the there are
correction: there is
error_type: Word Redundancy Error
error_severity: 4
error_description: ① Word Redundancy Error: According to grammar rules, the 'there be' structure expresses 'there is/are' and does not require the determiner 〈the〉 before it, therefore 〈the〉 before 〈there〉 needs to be deleted to conform to grammatical norms; ② Subject-Verb Agreement Error: Here, in the 'there be' structure, the subject is the uncountable noun 〈food〉, so the verb needs to be in the third-person singular form; 〈there are〉 needs to be changed to 『there is』 to maintain subject-verb agreement.