WARNING LETTER
COSMO KOREA
November 03, 2025
Product:
Drugs
Recipient:
COSMO KOREA
South Korea
Issuing Office:
Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER)
United States
Secondary Issuing Offices
United States
WARNING LETTER
November 3, 2025
COSMO KOREA:
This is to advise you that the United States (U.S.) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently reviewed your website at the Internet address www.cosmo-korea.com and has observed that your website introduces into interstate commerce misbranded and unapproved new drugs in violation of sections 301(a), 301(d), 503(b), and 505(a) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act) [21 U.S.C. §§ 331(a), 331(d), 353(b), and 355(a)]. As discussed below, FDA has observed that www.cosmo-korea.com introduces into interstate commerce unapproved and misbranded injectable botulinum toxin drug products.
There are inherent risks to consumers who purchase unapproved new drugs and misbranded drugs. Unapproved new drugs do not carry the same assurances of safety and effectiveness as those drugs subject to FDA oversight. Drugs that have circumvented regulatory safeguards may be contaminated, counterfeit, contain varying amounts of active ingredients, or contain different ingredients altogether. Furthermore, injectable drug products can pose a serious risk of harm to users because they bypass many of the body’s natural defenses against toxic ingredients, toxins, or dangerous organisms that can lead to serious and life-threatening conditions such as septicemia or sepsis. Accordingly, FDA requests that www.cosmo-korea.com cease offering any unapproved and misbranded drugs for sale to U.S. consumers. This is critical to shielding the American public from harm.
Unapproved New Drugs:
Certain products offered for sale by www.cosmo-korea.com are drugs within the meaning of section 201(g) of the FD&C Act [21 U.S.C. § 321(g)] because they are intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease and/or because they are intended to affect the structure or function of the body. These drugs are also new drugs as defined by section 201(p) of the FD&C Act [21 U.S.C. § 321(p)], because they are not generally recognized as safe and effective for their labeled uses. With certain exceptions not applicable here, new drugs may not be legally introduced or delivered for introduction into interstate commerce without prior approval from FDA, as described in section 505(a) of the FD&C Act [21 U.S.C. § 355(a)]. No approved applications pursuant to section 505 of the FD&C Act are in effect for these products. Accordingly, their introduction or delivery for introduction into interstate commerce violates sections 301(d) [21 U.S.C. § 331(d)] and 505(a) of the FD&C Act.
An example of an unapproved botulinum toxin drug product you offer for sale on www.cosmo-korea.com is botulinum toxin type A marketed as “Nabota 200ui”. Evidence obtained from your website establishing that this product is a drug intended for human use (as defined in 21 CFR 201.128) includes the claims “blepharospasm elimination” and “hyperhidrosis elimination” under “Scope of Nabota 200ui”.
While there are FDA-approved versions of botulinum toxin drug products on the market in the U.S., there are no approved drug applications pursuant to section 505 of the FD&C Act in effect for “Nabota 200ui” offered by www.cosmo-korea.com. Currently there are several botulinum toxin products FDA-approved for the U.S. market and these products are only available pursuant to a prescription from a licensed practitioner. Examples of FDA-approved botulinum toxin products with a summary of their indications are: BOTOX® (onabotulinumtoxinA), indicated for the treatment of overactive bladder, neurogenic detrusor overactivity, chronic migraine, spasticity, cervical dystonia, severe primary axillary hyperhidrosis, strabismus, and blepharospasm and prophylaxis of headaches in adults with chronic migraines; DAXXIFY® (daxibotulinumtoxinA-lanm), indicated for the temporary improvement in the appearance of glabellar lines and the treatment of cervical dystonia; and MYOBLOC® (rimabotulinumtoxinB), indicated for the treatment of cervical dystonia and chronic sialorrhea.
Furthermore, FDA-approved botulinum toxin drug products bear a boxed warning, commonly referred to as a “black box warning,” which is the strongest warning FDA requires, indicating that the drug carries a significant risk of serious or even life-threatening adverse effects. The boxed warning addresses the risk of distant spread of toxin effect to produce symptoms consistent with botulinum toxin effects. In addition, swallowing and breathing difficulties can be life threatening and there have been reports of death.
Misbranded Drugs:
A drug is misbranded under section 502(f)(1) of the FD&C Act [21 U.S.C. § 352(f)(1)] if its labeling fails to bear adequate directions for use. “Adequate directions for use” means directions under which a layperson can use a drug safely and for the purposes for which it is intended (see 21 CFR 201.5). Prescription drugs, as defined in section 503(b)(1) of the FD&C Act [21 U.S.C. § 353(b)(1)] include those that, because of their toxicity or other potentiality for harmful effect, and/or the method of their use, and/or the collateral measures necessary for their use, are not safe for use except under supervision of a practitioner licensed by law to administer them. Prescription drugs, as defined in section 503(b)(1)(A) of the FD&C Act, can be used safely only at the direction, and under the supervision, of a licensed practitioner.
Because the aforementioned drug is a prescription drug intended for conditions that are not amenable to self-diagnosis and treatment by a layperson, adequate directions cannot be written such that a layperson can use the products safely for their intended use. Consequently, the labeling for these drug products fail to bear adequate directions for use, causing them to be misbranded under section 502(f)(1) of the FD&C Act. In addition, because these drugs are not approved in the U.S., they are also not exempt under 21 CFR 201.115(a) from the requirements of section 502(f)(1) of the FD&C Act. By offering these drugs for sale to U.S. consumers, www.cosmo-korea.com is causing the introduction of misbranded drugs into interstate commerce in violation of section 301(a) of the FD&C Act [21 U.S.C. § 331(a)].
FDA is sending this warning letter to www.cosmo-korea.com because of the inherent risks to consumers who purchase misbranded and unapproved new drugs. This letter is not intended to identify all the ways in which your products or operations might be in violation of the law. It is your responsibility to ensure that all products you offer for sale are in compliance with the FD&C Act and its implementing regulations. You should take prompt action to address any violations of the FD&C Act (which may include the offer for sale of similarly misbranded and/or unapproved new drugs other than the drug products noted above). We advise you to review your websites, product labels, and other labeling and promotional materials to ensure that you are not misleadingly representing your products as safe and effective for a use for which they have not been approved by FDA and that you are not distributing misbranded and unapproved drug products in violation of the FD&C Act.
Please notify this office in writing within 15 working days describing the specific steps you have taken to address any violations and to prevent their recurrence. Include an explanation of each step being taken to remedy and prevent the recurrence of any violations, as well as copies of related documentation. Failure to adequately address this matter may result in legal action, including, without limitation, seizure, and injunction, without further notice. If you cannot complete corrective action within 15 working days, state the reason for the delay and the time within which you will complete the corrections. This letter notifies you of our concerns and provides you with an opportunity to address them. If you believe that your products are not in violation of the FD&C Act, include your reasoning and any supporting information for our consideration within 15 working days.
If you are not located in the U.S., please note that products that appear to be misbranded or unapproved new drugs may be detained or refused admission. We may advise the appropriate regulatory officials in the country from which you operate that your products referenced above appear to be unapproved and misbranded products that cannot be legally sold to consumers in the U.S. Please direct your response and any inquiries to FDA at FDAInternetPharmacyTaskForce-CDER@fda.hhs.gov.
Sincerely,
/s/
__________________________________
Sangeeta Vaswani Chatterjee, Pharm.D.
Acting Director
Office of Drug Security, Integrity, and Response
Office of Compliance
Center for Drug Evaluation and Research
Content current as of:
11/05/2025
Regulated Product(s)
Drugs