ticoAg/ChineseCorpus-Kaggle-fanti huggingface dataset:
閻治堂歷任北洋陸軍第三師團長、陸軍第二十師旅長。 1920年7月直皖戰爭結束后，他任北洋陸軍第二十師師長，率軍駐陜西。1923年，他被將軍府授予“治威將軍”。1924年9月，他率所部參加第二次直奉戰爭，任直軍方面的援軍第六路司令。直系失敗后，閻治堂下臺。
趙玉珂（ ）字子聲，直隸天津人，清朝及中華民國軍事將領。
趙玉珂生于1877年。1900年，他畢業于天津北洋武備學堂后，任李鴻章衛隊哨官。1903年，他任北洋將弁學堂教習。1905年，他任北洋陸軍第三鎮馬標二營管帶。1910年，他任江北陸軍第十三協工程營管帶。1911年，他任護軍右翼統領。
中華民國成立后，1915年他任陸軍部編輯局局副。1916年，他任征滇軍參謀長。1917年，他任直隸督軍署參謀長，并兼任天津鎮守使。1918年，他任兩湖宣撫使署及征粵軍總司令部參謀長、直魯豫巡閱使署參謀長。1921年，他獲將軍府授“貞威將軍”。1923年，他任航空署督辦。1924年，他任曹錕總統府機要處長。1924年10月直系失敗后，他回到天津閑居。
中華人民共和國成立后，他曾任天津市文史研究館館員、天津市和平區政協委員。
陳志方，中華人民共和國政治人物、外交官。
1958年8月25日，中華人民共和國與伊拉克共和國建交后，開始派遣駐伊拉克特命全權大使，陳志方擔任首位中華人民共和國駐伊拉克大使。1960年，由張偉烈接任。1964年，接替何英，擔任中華人民共和國駐烏干達大使。1970年，任中華人民共和國駐瑞士大使。1977年，任中華人民共和國駐越南大使。
張偉烈，中華人民共和國政治人物、外交官。
1960年，接替陳志方擔任中華人民共和國駐伊拉克大使。1965年，由曹癡接任。1971年，擔任中華人民共和國駐摩洛哥大使。1974年，擔任中華人民共和國駐蒙古大使。1978年，擔任中華人民共和國駐泰國大使。
這是一個美國最高法院首席大法官約翰·格洛佛·羅伯茨 (2005年9月29日 - 至今)任職期間依時間順序排列的案例列表。
下表所列判例已被編入美國最高法院判例匯編。
首席大法官約翰·格洛佛·羅伯茨（2005年9月29日）負責的案件
Attorney General did not permissibly construe Controlled Substances Act to prohibit the distribution of drugs for physician-assisted suicide
Ayotte v. Planned Parenthood of Northern New England
Invalidating statute and lower courts rendering narrower declaratory and injunctive relief
賴斯訴柯林斯案
Habeas corpus relief may not be granted on the basis of debatable inferences used to overturn the trial court's finding vis-á-vis peremptory challenges
Central Virginia Community College v. Katz
state sovereign immunity under the 11th Amendment and the Bankruptcy Clause
Gonzales v. O Centro Espirita Beneficente Uniao do Vegetal
Federal government could not bar religious use of hallucinogenic tea
Buckeye Check Cashing, Inc. v. Cardegna
Arbitrator must decide legality of contract unless arbitration clause is itself being challenged
Domino's Pizza, Inc. v. McDonald
agent of a party to a contract cannot state a claim under  because he himself does not have rights to make or enforce under the contract
杜蘭訴美國郵政系統案
scope of immunity of the United States Postal Service under the Federal Tort Claims Act
Arbaugh v. Y & H Corporation
"Employee-numerosity" requirement of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is substantive, rather than jurisdictional in nature
Oregon v. Guzek
States may constitutionally limit the evidence of innocence a defendant convicted of a capital offense may present at his sentencing hearing to the evidence already presented at his trial.
Texaco, Inc. v. Dagher
joint venture was not a price-fixing scheme under antitrust law
physical violence unrelated to robbery or extortion falls outside the scope of the Hobbs Act
Illinois Tool Works, Inc. v. Independent Ink, Inc.
patented products involved in product tying arrangements are not presumed to have market power under antitrust law
Rumsfeld v. Forum for Academic and Institutional Rights
law schools receiving federal funds may not ban military recruiters
美國訴格拉布斯案
anticipatory search warrant did not violate the particularity clause of the 4th Amendment
佐治亞州訴蘭多夫案
police cannot conduct a warrantless search in a home where one occupant consents and the other objects
Day v. McDonough
A State's unintentional failure to object to the filing of a habeas corpus petition after the statute of limitations has expired does not prevent a district court from dismissing the petition on its own initiative
Northern Ins. Co. of N.Y. v. Chatham County
sovereign immunity does not apply to admiralty suit against county
Jones v. Flowers
sufficiency of notice for tax sale
哈特曼訴摩爾案
A plaintiff in a retaliatory-prosecution action against federal officials must plead and show the absence of probable cause for pressing the underlying criminal charges.
Ark. Dep't of Human Servs. v. Ahlborn
state liens on personal injury settlements
Marshall v. Marshall
federal bankruptcy court binding state court on inheritance question
霍姆斯訴南卡羅來納州案
limitations on exclusion of evidence in murder case, 6th Amendment
DaimlerChrysler Corp. v. Cuno
taxpayer standing in a Dormant Commerce Clause case
Sereboff v. Mid Atlantic Medical Services, Inc.
fiduciary's recovery of personal injury settlement under ERISA
eBay Inc. v. MercExchange, L.L.C.
nature of patent injunctions - revisiting Continental Paper Bag Co. v. Eastern Paper Bag Co.
S. D. Warren Co. v. Maine Bd. of Env. Protection
interpreting scope of activities covered by the Clean Water Act
布里格姆城訴斯圖爾特案
reasonableness of officers' warrantless entry into a home to stop a fight under the "emergency aid exception"
Garcetti v. Ceballos
extent of public employees' First Amendment right to free speech in the workplace
Anza v. Ideal Steel Supply Corp.
activities subject to RICO
Zedner v. United States
a criminal defendant may not prospectively waive his rights under the Speedy Trial Act
House v. Bell
Post-conviction DNA forensic evidence can be considered in death penalty appeals
希爾訴麥克唐納案
a challenge to lethal injection as violating the Eighth Amendment properly raised a claim under 42 U.S.C. § 1983, and is not barred by previous habeas corpus petition
哈德森訴密歇根州案
evidence obtained with a search warrant is admissible even when police violate 'knock-and-announce' rule
Rapanos v. United States
whether wetlands are part of the "navigable waters of the United States" and thus regulated by the Clean Water Act
戴維斯訴華盛頓案
whether a 911 call is "testimonial" under Crawford v. Washington
薩姆森訴加利福尼亞案
evidence obtained in a suspicionless search of parolees is admissible, and not prohibited under the Fourth Amendment
狄克遜訴合眾國案
burden of proof for duress as a defense to Federal firearms law violations
Burlington Northern & Santa Fe Railway Co. v. White
a job reassignment which is dirtier and more strenuous may constitute retaliatory discrimination under the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as may a month of suspension without pay even when the employee receives back pay
Woodford v. Ngo
the Prison Litigation Reform Act requires proper exhaustion of administrative remedies before an inmate can file a lawsuit
United States v. Gonzalez-Lopez
trial court's erroneous deprivation of a criminal defendant's choice of counsel entitles him to reversal of his conviction
堪薩斯州訴馬什案
statute allowing the death penalty in cases where the aggravating and mitigating evidence are equal does not violate the Eighth Amendment
Randall v. Sorrell
campaign finance laws which limit expenditures violate the First Amendment, and the anticorruption benefits of contribution limits must be weighed against their First Amendment costs
Arlington Central School Dist. Bd. of Ed. v. Murphy
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act does not authorize the award of experts' fees to prevailing plaintiffs
Sanchez-Llamas v. Oregon
informing a suspect of his rights under the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations
League of United Latin American Citizens v. Perry
Texas's 2003 redistricting of District 23 constituted a violation of Latinos' rights under the Voting Rights Act of 1965, however mid-decade redistricting is constitutional as long as it is not ''solely'' motivated by partisan gain
Hamdan v. Rumsfeld
Guantanamo Bay detainees may not be tried by a military commission under the Detainee Treatment Act of 2005, and said military commission violates the Uniform Code of Military Justice and the Geneva Conventions, both of which apply to the detainees, in that accused and their counsels may be excluded from their trial and knowing what evidence has been put against them
Clark v. Arizona
constitutionality of Arizona's insanity defense statute
Lopez v. Gonzales
misdemeanor drug crimes as aggravated felonies
Carey v. Musladin
spectator publicity and the right to a fair trial; "clearly established" law under the AEDPA
BP America Production Co. v. Burton
Statute of limitations on contract actions by the Federal Government under  is not applicable to administrative proceedings
Medimmune, Inc. v. Genentech, Inc.
enforceability of patents before infringement
Cunningham v. California
applicability of Blakely v. Washington to California's determinate sentencing law
Philip Morris USA v. Williams
constitutional limitations on punitive damages
Marrama v. Citizens Bank of Massachusetts
bad-faith exception to the right to convert Chapter 7 bankruptcy case to a Chapter 13 case
Sinochem International Co., Ltd. v. Malaysia International Shipping Corporation
District Court may respond immediately to defendant's forum non conveniens motion before resolving jurisdictional or other threshold concerns
Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency
power to regulate carbon dioxide emissions
Davenport v. Washington Education Association
A state may require that its public-sector unions receive authorization from nonmembers before spending their agency fees for election-related purposes
岡薩雷斯訴卡哈特案
部份生產墮胎法合憲
James v. United States
attempted burglary as a predicate crime under the Armed Career Criminal Act
Scott v. Harris
Fourth Amendment seizure in a high speed chase, qualified immunity
KSR v. Teleflex
Patent law, nonobviousness
Microsoft v. AT&T
copying software in a foreign country cannot violate U.S. patent law
Ledbetter v. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co.
statute of limitations on employment discrimination claims
Permanent Mission of India v. City of New York
whether a municipality can sue other countries to collect unpaid taxes
Bowles v. Russell
Federal Courts of Appeals lack jurisdiction to hear habeas appeals that are filed late, even if the district court said the petitioner had additional time to file
Brendlin v. California
whether a passenger in an automobile is "detained" so that he may assert a Fourth Amendment violation stemming from the traffic stop itself
Credit Suisse v. Billing
Whether Congress's creation of the SEC implicitly exempted regulated industries from antitrust lawsuits
麗塔訴合眾國案
"reasonableness" of a federal prison sentence under United States v. Booker; continuing application of the Federal Sentencing Guidelines
Tellabs, Inc. v. Makor Issues & Rights, Ltd.
The proper standard for determining whether a plaintiff has alleged a "strong inference" of scienter under the PSLRA
摩士訴弗雷德里克案
free speech rights of high school students ("Bong Hits 4 Jesus")
CBOCS West v. Humphries
race retaliation claims under 42 U.S.C. § 1981
Federal Election Commission v. Wisconsin Right to Life, Inc.
Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act's restriction on issue ads in election campaigns
Hein v. Freedom From Religion Foundation
taxpayer standing to pursue an Establishment Clause claim against President Bush's faith-based initiative
Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1
Meredith v. Jefferson County Board of Education (companion case)
affirmative action; using race as a tie-breaker in assigning students to public schools
Leegin Creative Leather Products, Inc. v. PSKS, Inc.
applying rule of reason under Section 1 of the Sherman Act
Panetti v. Quarterman
對精神病患者的處決
沃森訴合眾國案
whether trading drugs for a gun constitutes use of a firearm under  and Bailey v. United States
Kimbrough v. United States
whether the 100:1 ratio between powder and crack cocaine imposed by the United States Sentencing Commission yields "reasonable" sentences
Gall v. United States
Stoneridge Investment Partners v. Scientific-Atlanta
third parties, such as investment banks, accounting firms and suppliers, can be shielded from liability if they engage in business with companies that are involved in securities fraud.
Ali v. Federal Bureau of Prisons
Case upholding the United States's sovereign immunity against tort claims brought when "any law enforcement officer" loses a person's property.
Riegel v. Medtronic, Inc.
Medical Device Amendment’s preemption clause bars common-law claims challenging the safety or effectiveness of a medical device marketed in a form that received premarket approval from the FDA.
普雷斯頓訴費雷爾案
the Federal Arbitration Act preempts state laws declaring that certain disputes must be resolved by a state administrative agency
斯奈德訴路易斯安那州案
racial discrimination in jury selection; playing the "O.J. card"
Medellín v. Texas
whether the president may direct state courts to obey an order of the World Court ruling regarding the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations
New Jersey v. Delaware
boundary dispute between New Jersey and Delaware involving the Twelve-Mile Circle
MeadWestvaco Corp. v. Illinois Dept. of Revenue
determination of state tax liability for corporation operating in multiple states according to the "unitary business rule"
巴澤訴里斯案
constitutionality of lethal injection protocols under the Eighth Amendment
Virginia v. Moore
whether the Fourth Amendment requires suppression of evidence discovered in a search conducted in violation of state law
Crawford v. Marion County Election Board
constitutionality of requiring voters to show ID before voting
Department of Revenue of Kentucky v. Davis
Kentucky statute providing a preferential tax break to Kentucky residents who invest in bonds issued by the state and its municipalities does not discriminate against interstate commerce
United States v. Williams
constitutionality of the PROTECT Act, a 2003 law intended to bolster federal restriction against child pornography, in the wake of Ashcroft v. Free Speech Coalition
Gomez-Perez v. Potter
Federal employees who face retaliation after filing an age discrimination claim are authorized to sue under the federal-sector provision of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967.
Quanta v. LG Electronics
patent exhaustion and its applicability to certain types of method patents
Boumediene v. Bush
whether the Military Detainee Treatment Act of 2006 unconstitutionally suspends the writ of habeas corpus
Allison Engine Co. v. United States ex rel. Sanders
Plaintiffs under the False Claims Act must demonstrate that the defendants intended to deceive the government, not simply that government money was used to pay the claim.
Munaf v. Geren
habeas corpus statute extends to American citizens held overseas by American forces operating subject to an American chain of command
Indiana v. Edwards
may a criminal defendant be competent to stand trial yet simultaneously not competent to represent himself at that trial?
Greenlaw v. United States
may a federal appeals court ''sua sponte'' increase a defendant's sentence on appeal, without a formal appeal by the government?
Rothgery v. Gillespie County
does a criminal defendant have a right to counsel at an ''ex parte'' arraignment?
Exxon Shipping Co. v. Baker
legality of punitive damages award under federal maritime law for the Exxon Valdez oil spill
Kennedy v. Louisiana
does the Eighth Amendment forbid the death penalty for rape of a child?
Giles v. California
the forfeiture by wrongdoing exception to out of court statements by a witness only applies where the defendant caused the witness's absence in order to eliminate their testimony at trial
District of Columbia v. Heller
does the Second Amendment allows a state or local government to outlaw the private possession of handguns?
Davis v. Federal Election Commission
"Millionaire's amendment" to the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002 violates the First Amendment
Winter v. Natural Resources Defense Council
military preparedness outweighs environmental concerns, as Navy needs to train its crews to detect modern, silent submarines
Altria Group, Inc. v. Good
federal law does not preempt the states' prerogative to regulate the advertisement of tar and nicotine rates in cigarettes
Herring v. United States
evidence obtained during a search the police conducted as a result of an isolated act of negligence not related to the search is not subject to the exclusionary rule
Oregon v. Ice
the facts necessary for imposing consecutive prison terms need not be submitted to a jury in accordance with Apprendi v. New Jersey
Waddington v. Sarausad
on federal habeas review, courts must accept state court determinations that jury instructions fully and correctly set out state law with regard to accomplice liability
Pearson v. Callahan
Saucier v. Katz is overruled; courts need not determine whether a civil-rights plaintiff's constitutional rights were violated if they determine that the right was not clearly established at the time of the injury
下表所列判例均為已判決但尚未編入美國最高法院判例匯編。
Crawford v. Nashville
1/26/09
employees who cooperate with an internal investigation of alleged 性騷擾 are protected against retaliation under Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act.
Van de Kamp v. Goldstein
prosecutors are immune from suit under  for improperly supervising the disclosures made by line prosecutors pursuant to Brady v. Maryland
United States v. Hayes
2/24/09
under  people who have been convicted of misdemeanor domestic violence crimes may not possess firearms as long as the government proves that the underlying offense involved a domestic relationship
Pleasant Grove City v. Summum
2/25/09
a municipality that allows a privately donated Ten Commandments monument to be displayed on public property need not permit the religion of Summum to put up its own statue of similar size
Negusie v. Mukasey
3/3/09
under Chevron v. Natural Resources Defense Council, the Board of Immigration Appeals must decide in the first instance whether the so-called "persecutor bar" applicable to asylum applicants applies to those who were forced to persecute others in their home country
Wyeth v. Levine
3/4/09
federal drug labeling requirements do not preempt state drug labeling requirements enacted to ensure that the public knew certain drugs are safe
Fitzgerald v. Barnstable School Committee
Earlier decision overruled. Parents have the right to sue a school committee based on sexual harassment
14 Penn Plaza LLC v. Pyett
4/1/09
an employer and a union can agree that employees must resolve discrimination claims in arbitration instead of court
4/21/09
police power to search an arrested person's vehicle is limited to safety concerns and evidence related to the actual arrest
AT&T Corp. v. Hulteen
5/18/09
Held that maternity leave taken before the passage of the 1978 Pregnancy Discrimination Act is not retroactive and cannot be considered in calculating employee pension benefits.
FCC v. Fox Television Stations
4/28/09
upheld regulation of the FCC to ban "fleeting expletives" on television broadcasts
Dean v. United States
4/29/09
Upheld sentence for discharging a firearm during a violent crime, Congress intended a defendant to be held strictly liable for such an offense
Caperton v. A. T. Massey Coal Co.
6/8/09
Due process requirements for judges' recusal
United States ex rel. Eisenstein v. City of New York
Where the Government has not intervened or actively participated, private plaintiffs under the False Claims Act must filed an appeal within 30 days of the judgment or order being appealed, according to the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure
District Attorney's Office v. Osborne
6/18/09
Found no due process, postconviction right to access to the state's evidence for DNA testing.
Safford Unified School District v. Redding
6/25/09
strip search of a middle schooler violated the Fourth Amendment where the school lacked reasons to suspect either that the drugs presented a danger or that they were concealed in her underwear
Ricci v. DeStefano
6/29/09
White firefighters in New Haven suffered unfair discrimination because of their race when the city scrapped the results of a promotional exam.
Melendez-Diaz v. Massachusetts
are forensic laboratory reports admissible under the Confrontation Clause as interpreted in Crawford v. Washington?
Entergy v. Riverkeeper
may the EPA require power companies to engage in a cost-benefit analysis when selecting the "best technology available for minimizing adverse environmental impact" at cooling water intake structures?
Ashcroft v. Iqbal
whether top government officials can be held personally liable for allegedly knowing or condoning of racial and religious mistreatment of suspected terrorists
Cone v. Bell
whether a death row inmate has forfeited the opportunity to argue that prosecutors withheld evidence important to his defense
Harbison v. Bell
whether the federal government must provide lawyers to death row inmates seeking clemency in state proceedings
Citizens United v. FEC
1/21/10
whether federal campaign finance laws apply to a critical film about Senator Hillary Clinton intended to be shown in theaters and on-demand to cable subscribers
Flores-Figueroa v. United States
5/4/09
whether the law enhancing the sentence for identity theft requries proof that an individual knew that the identity card or number he had used belonged to another, actual person
Northwest Austin Municipal Utility District Number One v. Mukasey
6/22/09
whether Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which gives the U.S. government authority to oversee state electoral-law changes, is no longer needed and is unconstitutional
Padilla v. Kentucky
3/31/10
must a criminal defendant's lawyer advise him of the immigration-related consequences of a criminal conviction?
Salazar v. Buono
4/28/10
First Amendment restrictions on displaying a cross on public property
Reed Elsevier, Inc. v. Muchnick
3/2/10
settlement of copyright infringement claims relating to an electronic database
Graham v. Florida
5/17/10
whether Roper v. Simmons should also apply to sentences of life without the possibility of parole
Ontario v. Quon
6/17/10
Privacy rights of public employees over text messages on employer-issued pagers.
McDonald v. Chicago
6/28/10
whether the Second Amendment should also apply against state and local governments
Abbott v. United States
11/15/10
Mandatory minimum sentences under federal sentencing law
Los Angeles County v. Humphries
11/30/10
§ 1983 actions are limited to those caused by a municipality's "policy or custom" regardless of whether the plaintiff seeks monetary or prospective relief
Premo, Superintendent, Oregon State Penitentiary v. Moore
01/19/11
Habeas relief may not be granted with respect to any claim a state-court has found on the merits unless the state-court decision denying relief involves an "unreasonable application" of "clearly established federal law, as determined by" the Court.
Swarthout v. Cooke
01/24/11
State prisoners have no Constitutional right to parole
Brown v. Plata
05/23/11
A three-judge panel of the District Court properly ordered the California prison system to release prisoners to resolve overcrowding.
Connick v. Thompson
3/29/11
A prosecutor's office cannot be held liable for a single ''Brady'' violation by one of its members on the theory that the office provided inadequate training.
Williamson v. Mazda
2/23/11
A car accident victim can sue the manufacturer for failing to install a shoulder/lap seatbelt even where federal law permits it to install only a lap belt.
Arizona Christian School Tuition Org. v. Winn
4/4/11
Taxpayers lack standing to challenge a tax credit program that provides dollar-for-dollar incentives to donations to school tuition groups, including those awarding tuition scholarships only to religious schools.
Chamber of Commerce v. Whiting
5/26/11
An Arizona law that sanctions employers who hire illegal immigrants is not preempted by federal immigration law.
Brown v. Entertainment Merchants Association
6/27/11
The Constitution prevents the state of California from banning the sale of violent video games to minors.
Bullcoming v. New Mexico
6/23/11
A defendant's Confrontation Clause rights cover a non-testifying laboratory analyst whose supervisor testifies as to test results that the analyst transcribed from a machine.
Golan v. Holder
1/18/12
Congress can restore copyright protection to works that were formerly in the public domain.
Docket no.
Cert. granted on
Lafler v. Cooper
Missouri v. Frye
1/7/11
Whether a criminal defendant has a claim for ineffective assistance of counsel where his lawyer either deficiently advises him to reject a favorable plea (''Lafler'') or erroneously fails to communicate a plea offer to him (''Frye'').
Supreme Court's website  - contains recent decisions, oral argument transcripts, and argument schedule
曹癡，中華人民共和國政治人物、外交官。
中華人民共和國成立后，擔任長沙市市長。1966年，接替張偉烈擔任中華人民共和國駐伊拉克大使。1967年，由宮達非接任。1972年，擔任中華人民共和國駐尼泊爾大使。
胡成放，福建永定人，中華人民共和國政治人物、外交官。
1973年，接替官達非擔任中華人民共和國駐伊拉克大使。1974年，由趙行志接任。1978年，擔任中華人民共和國駐智利大使。
趙行志，江蘇武進人，中華人民共和國政治人物、外交官。1971年3月26日中華人民共和國與喀麥隆建交后，開始派遣駐喀麥隆特命全權大使，趙行志擔任首位中華人民共和國駐喀麥隆大使。1974年，接替胡成放擔任中華人民共和國駐伊拉克大使。1976年，由侯野烽接任。
侯野烽，中華人民共和國政治人物、外交官。1977年，接替趙行志擔任中華人民共和國駐伊拉克大使。1984年，由張俊華接任。
張俊華，中華人民共和國政治人物、外交官。1978年，擔任中華人民共和國駐貝寧大使。1985年，接替侯野烽擔任中華人民共和國駐伊拉克大使。1988年，由鄭劍英接任。