Spreadsheet: 225bb100-6141-4f4e-97af-02059bfc579b
Sheet: CulturalResources FS

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 | Cultural Resources |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Guide Sheet |  |  | Fact Sheet
 | In 1966, Congress passed the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) which directed all Federal agencies to establish a preservation program based on the framework outlined in the NHPA, as amended.  It also required all Federal Agencies to take into account the effects of their undertakings on historic properties. NRCS has established policy, procedural references and guidance to comply with NHPA and several related authorities, including the American Indian Religious Freedom Act (42 U.S.C. Section 1996); Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (25 U.S.C. Sections 3001-3013); Executive Order (EO) 13175, Consultation and Coordination with Indian Tribal Governments (2000); EO 13007, Indian Sacred Sites (1996); and a range of Executive Orders, Presidential memoranda, and secretarial memoranda.  NRCS policy and procedures are found in the General Manual 420 Part 401 and the National Cultural Resources Procedures Handbook 190 Part 601. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Coral Reefs
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 | What is it? |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Guide Sheet |  |  | Fact Sheet
 | The term “cultural resources” as used by NRCS is broader than those resources encompassed by the term “historic properties” as defined by the NHPA (16 U.S.C. Section 470 et seq.) and regulations for compliance with section 106 of the NHPA (36 CFR Part 800). Under NHPA, historic properties include any prehistoric or historic district, site, building, structure, or object listed in or eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) maintained by the Secretary of the Interior. They also include all records, artifacts, and physical remains associated with the NRHP-eligible historic properties. They may consist of the traces of the past activities and accomplishments of people.  The term “historic property” also includes properties of religious and cultural importance to an Indian Tribe (including Native Alaskan Villages) or Native Hawaiian organization that meet NRHP criteria.  As more broadly used, the term “cultural resources,” covers a wider range of resources than “historic properties,” such as sacred sites, archaeological sites not eligible for the National Register of Historic Places, and archaeological collections. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Invasive Species
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 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Prime and [NAME]
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 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | [NAME]
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 | Why is it important? |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | ●Wetlands
 | As NRCS employees, by completing our NHPA responsibilities, we become part of a historic preservation partnership and stewards of our national heritage. NRCS employees make recommendations to their State Conservationists who, working with National Headquarters management and specialists and consulting parties, make the final agency decisions.  NRCS staff and field employees must meet educational and experience requirements (the Secretary of Interior’s personnel standards for historic preservation) and only make recommendations. The NRCS Chief makes the final decisions with recommendations from the NRCS Senior Policy Official (Deputy for Science and Technology), and the Federal Preservation Officer (National Cultural Resources Specialist) and the state management teams make the final decisions. Under Section 106 of the NHPA, NRCS is required to consider the effects of our undertakings on historic properties in consultation with specific parties. Consultation with State Historic Preservation Officers (SHPO), [NAME] ([NAME]), federally recognized Indian tribes, and Native Hawaiian Organizations, as appropriate, as well as other interested parties, is required.  When an agency action may alter, directly or indirectly, the characteristics that qualify a historic property for inclusion in the NRHP in a manner that would diminish the integrity of the property’s location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, or association, (an adverse effect) NRCS is also required to consult to formulate appropriate measures to mitigate potential adverse impacts. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Guide Sheet |  |  | Fact Sheet
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 |  |  |  |  | Cultural Resources (continued)
 | What is required?
 | Several Federal, State, and local laws are designed to preserve and protect cultural resources through review processes that include consultation and collaboration with mandatory consulting partners. The most important of these authorities is the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (NHPA). Under Section 106 of the NHPA and implementing regulations (at 36 CFR Part 800), and other legislation, Federal agencies, including NRCS, are required to preserve, protect and take into account cultural resources during project and program planning.  These review processes mandate consultation and collaboration with several preservation partners and stakeholders including State Historic Preservation Officers (SHPOs),  [NAME] recognized American Indian tribes and their Tribal Historic Preservation Officers (THPOs), Native Hawaiian Organizations (NHOs), and other interested parties, including but not limited to local and county governments and neighbors.    NRCS also considers cultural resources in its conservation planning for the same reason it protects the natural resources — the soil, water, air, plants and animals. Keeping natural resources in balance helps provide the basis for a healthy and profitable farm environment; keeping cultural resources provides the basis for understanding our human past. The stewardship of these nonrenewable resources is an important link in the conservation ethic that underlies the NRCS mission.  NRCS must consult with concerned parties (see above) to ensure that historic preservation issues and the views of the public are fully considered and the outcomes of consultation are documented.  Review your State level applicable agreement(s).
 | Cultural Resources at a Glance
 | Problems/Indicators - Potential impacts to cultural resources and/or historic properties (“Undertakings”)
 | Potential Causes |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Potential Solutions
 | • Ground disturbing practices  or other undertakings with the potential to affect historic properties |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | • Complete cultural resources investigation for site, including seeking information from relevant sources, prior to conducting ground investigations
 | [NAME] projects |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | • Initiate EARLY consultation with appropriate State/Tribal entity, as needed, and develop a Memorandum of Agreement for undertakings that adversely affect historic properties
 | • Proposed land-use changes/conversions
 | • Construction discoveries
 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | • Incorporate measures to avoid or minimize adverse effects, and/or mitigation measures to resolve adverse effects, as needed, in project design and specifications
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