Spreadsheet: 046acfe2-08d1-45b9-b9a7-95f3c6d19856
Sheet: All references

PaperID | JournalField | ImpactFactor | Year | AnyWormCoauthor | TotalAuthors | GenderFirstAuthor | CountryGroupFirstAuthor | InOpeningSentence | InFirstParagraph | InAbstractIntroduction | InDiscussionConclusions | InLastParagraph | NumCitesOfWorm2006 | About2048 | AboutFisheriesCollapse | AboutBiodiversityStabilityRelation | Full citation | pdf available | JournalName | Journal field (Ecology/Fisheries/Conservation/Policy/Economics/Anthropology/Multidisciplinary/Oceanography/Biology/Other) | CountryFirstAuthor | Citation text [with // between citations] | Intro/Method/Results/Discussion | InMethodsResults | InstitutionFirstAuthor | FirstAuthorInWorm2006 | NumberWorm2006Authors | JournalImpactFactor
1 | Multidisciplinary | 3-5 | 2011 | Yes | 6 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Aburto-Oropeza, O., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and E. Ezcurra. 2011. Large Recovery of Fish Biomass in a No-Take Marine Reserve. [NAME] One 6. | Yes | [NAME] One | Multidisciplinary | USA | "Overfishing has impacted marine biodiversity and ecosystems both directly (through removal of significant biomass) and indirectly (by changing ecological linkages) throughout history [1,2]" | Intro | No | Scripps Institution of Oceanography | No | 1 | 4.092
2 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2008 | Yes | 6 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Aburto-Oropeza, O., E. Ezcurra, [NAME], V. Valdez, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Mangroves in the Gulf of California increase fishery yields. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 105:10456-10459. | Yes | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | Multidisciplinary | USA | "evidence linking ecological processes and economic benefits has been scarce (16)" | Intro | No | Scripps Institution of Oceanography | No | 1 | 9.681
3 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2009 | No | 3 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Adams, A. J., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Preliminary Examination of How Human-driven Freshwater Flow Alteration Affects Trophic Ecology of [NAME] (Centropomus undecimalis) in Estuarine Creeks. Estuaries and Coasts 32:819-828. | Yes | Estuaries and Coasts | Ecology | USA | "Collapse of estuarine and marine fisheries is increasingly acknowledged as one of the gravest global environmental crises (Pauly et al. 1998; Worm et al. 2006)" | Intro | No | Mote Marine Laboratory | No | 0 | 2.109
4 | Fisheries | >5 | 2009 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], [NAME] and [NAME]. 2009. Ecological repercussions of historical fish extraction from the Southern Ocean. Fish and Fisheries 10:13-38. | Yes | Fish and Fisheries | Fisheries | USA | "Gauging the true ecological role of the depleted demersal fish may now be beyond our research capability, unless of course food webs over significant areas are allowed to recover to whatever new stable state they might achieve ([NAME]. 2005; Worm et al. 2006; [NAME] and Link 2007)" | Discussion | No | H.T. Harvey and Associates | No | 0 | 5.8
5 | Other | 3-5 | 2010 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], [NAME] and K. D. Hyrenbach. 2010. Top-down and bottom-up factors affecting seabird population trends in the California current system (1985-2006). Progress in Oceanography 84:242-254. | Yes | Progress in Oceanography | Oceanography | USA | "Concurrently, the system has experienced the depletion of major trophic groups (e.g., rockfishes, sharks) due to over-fishing ([NAME] et al., 2001; Worm et al., 2006; Heithaus et al., 2008)" | Intro | No | H.T. Harvey and Associates | No | 0 | 3.142
6 | Ecology | >5 | 2012 | No | 5 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Ainsworth, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Full compliance with harvest regulations yields ecological benefits: Northern Gulf of California case study. Journal of Applied Ecology 49:63-72. | Yes | Journal of Applied Ecology | Ecology | USA | "There is little question that declining integrity of marine ecosystems is eroding the ability of these systems to provide the goods and services that humans need (Worm et al. 2006)" | Intro | No | Marine Resources Assessment Group (MRAG) Americas Inc | No | 0 | 5.045
7 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 5 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], C., D. Mouillot, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Simulation of the combined effects of artisanal and recreational fisheries on a Mediterranean MPA ecosystem using a trophic model. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 412:207-221. | Yes | Marine Ecology-Progress Series | Ecology | France | "Exploitation can cause major changes in biological assemblages and, ultimately, biodiversity loss that may disrupt the way the ecosystem functions and alter the sustainability of the goods and services provided by marine ecosystems (Lotze et al. 2006, Worm et al. 2006)" | Intro | No | [NAME], IFREMER | No | 0 | 2.711
8 | Policy | 0-2 | 2010 | Yes | 9 | Female | Other | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Alder, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], P. Trujillo, [NAME], and D. Pauly. 2010. Aggregate performance in managing marine ecosystems of 53 maritime countries. Marine Policy 34:468-476. | Yes | Marine Policy | Policy | Kenya | "There are increasing public concerns about the environmental impact of fisheries [1,2]" | Intro | No | United Nations Environment Programme | No | 1 | 1.865
9 | Multidisciplinary | 3-5 | 2012 | No | 6 | Female | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], K. A., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Interactive Marine Spatial Planning: Siting Tidal Energy Arrays around the Mull of Kintyre. [NAME] One 7. | Yes | [NAME] One | Multidisciplinary | United Kingdom | "Continuing decline in the environmental quality of many of the world’s oceans as a consequence of human activities [1,2,3]" | Intro | No | Scottish Marine Institute | No | 0 | 4.092
10 | Fisheries | >5 | 2009 | No | 14 | Female | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], J. Cournane, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], K. Magness, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Gulf of Maine cod in 1861: historical analysis of fishery logbooks, with ecosystem implications. Fish and Fisheries 10:428-449. | Yes | Fish and Fisheries | Fisheries | USA | "Conceptually, this focuses on the ecosystem’s ability to provide a full suite of services to support human well-being (UN Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005–2008), [NAME] et al. 2005– 2008). To do that, it must be healthy and resilient (Worm et al. 2006)." | Intro | No | University  of New Hampshire | No | 0 | 5.8
11 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2009 | No | 3 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | Yes | Allesina, S., [NAME], and M. Pascual. 2009. Functional links and robustness in food webs. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences 364:1701-1709. | Yes | Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B | Multidisciplinary | USA | "Understanding and predicting how the structure of ecological networks influences extinction patterns is crucial at this time of rapid loss in biodiversity and associated ecosystems’ services (Loreau et al. 2001; Raffaelli 2004; Worm et al. 2006)" | Intro | No | University of Michigan | No | 0 | 6.401
12 | Biology | >5 | 2009 | No | 2 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | Yes | Allesina, S. and M. Pascual. 2009. Googling Food Webs: Can an Eigenvector Measure Species' Importance for Coextinctions? [NAME]. | Yes | [NAME] | Biology | USA | "The robustness of ecosystems to species losses is a central question in ecology given the current pace of extinctions and the many species threatened by human impacts [1–3]." | Intro | No | National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis | No | 0 | 5.215
13 | Multidisciplinary | 3-5 | 2012 | Yes | 10 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Allnutt, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Comparison of Marine Spatial Planning Methods in Madagascar Demonstrates Value of Alternative Approaches. [NAME] One 7. | Yes | [NAME] One | Multidisciplinary | USA | "While climate change, overfishing and land use change negatively impact the biodiversity and ecological function of marine ecosystems worldwide [1,2]" | Intro | No | University of California, Berkeley | No | 1 | 4.092
14 | Ecology | 3-5 | 2008 | No | 1 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 5 | No | No | Yes | Altieri, A. H. 2008. DEAD ZONES ENHANCE KEY FISHERIES SPECIES BY PROVIDING PREDATION REFUGE. Ecology 89:2808-2818. | Yes | Ecology | Ecology | USA | Habitat degradation is commonly characterized by downward trends in biodiversity and ecosystem functions including biological productivity, economic output, and ecosystem stability (Soule 1991, [NAME] 1994, [NAME] et al. 2001, Lotze et al. 2006, Worm et al. 2006). // Aside from noting blooms of noxious and/or invasive species however ([NAME] 1994, [NAME] et al. 2001, Lotze et al. 2006, Worm et al. 2006) // If key species respond in a predictable and positive way to habitat degradation, then building their capacity for ecosystem services may become an important tool for conservation and restoration efforts that have traditionally focused on functionally extinct or threatened species (Soule 1991, [NAME] et al. 2001, Lotze et al. 2006, Worm et al. 2006). // Recent syntheses and empirical studies have emphasized the potential for large-scale environmental degradation to have nonlinear consequences for ecosystems due to such modified ecological interactions ([NAME]. 2001, Hughes et al. 2003, Silliman et al. 2005,  [NAME] [NAME]. 2006, Lotze et al. 2006, Worm et al. 2006) // For example, the loss of bivalve diversity likely decreased the aggregate water-column filtration function of the benthic community (Worm et al. 2006) | Intro / Discussion | No | Brown University | No | 0 | 4.849
15 | Ecology | 3-5 | 2012 | No | 5 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 2 | No | Yes | No | Altieri, [NAME], M. D. Bertness, T. C. Coverdale, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. A trophic cascade triggers collapse of a salt-marsh ecosystem with intensive recreational fishing. Ecology 93:1402-1410. | Yes | Ecology | Ecology | USA | and it supports an emerging perspective that predator depletion can lead to rapid collapse of coastal ecosystems and the services they provide (Worm et al. 2006) // and the cascading effects of overexploitation are increasingly implicated in the loss and  degradation of marine ecosystems around the world, including kelp forests, open oceans, coral reefs, and soft-sediment estuaries ([NAME] et al. 2001, Myers and Worm 2003, Pandolfi et al. 2003, [NAME]. 2005, Lotze et al. 2006, Worm et al. 2006, [NAME]. 2007, Myers et [NAME]. 2007) | Discussion | No | Brown University | No | 0 | 4.849
16 | Ecology | >5 | 2011 | No | 8 | Female | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Altman, I., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. A practical approach to implementation of ecosystem-based management: a case study using the Gulf of Maine marine ecosystem. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 9:183-189. | Yes | Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment | Ecology | USA | Increases in human activity in coastal and marine environments have led to substantial degradation in the ecological health of these systems. As a result, their continued production of ecosystem services is currently threatened (Lotze et al. 2006; Worm et al. 2006). | Intro | No | University of New Hampshire | No | 0 | 9.113
17 | Other | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 2 | Female | USA | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | Andreatta, S. and [NAME]. 2010. The Political Ecology of Small-Scale Commercial Fishermen in Carteret County, North Carolina. Human Organization 69:180-191. | Yes | Human Organization | Anthropology | USA | recent research by biologists and fisheries experts alarmed the public with warnings of possible global collapse of fisheries by 2048 (Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | University of North Carolina | No | 0 | 0.557
18 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 2 | Male | Other | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Angelini, R. and [NAME]. 2011. Ecosystem structure and trophic analysis of Angolan fishery landings. Scientia Marina 75:309-319. | Yes | Scientia Marina | Fisheries | Brazil | Internationally too, there are ongoing efforts to develop a more holistic ecosystem-based approach to resource management, with the objective of providing a basis for implementing effective multispecies fisheries management ([NAME] and Kimball, 1996; Caddy and Cochrane, 2001; Worm et al., 2006). | Intro | No | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do [NAME] | No | 0 | 1.278
19 | Other | 3-5 | 2012 | No | 1 | Female | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Apitz, [NAME]. Conceptualizing the role of sediment in sustaining ecosystem services: Sediment-ecosystem regional assessment (SEcoRA). Science of the Total Environment 415:9-30. | Yes | Science of the Total Environment | Other | United Kingdom | sectoral management of the environment in support of one ecosystem service, such as agriculture, fishing (Worm et al., 2006), dredging, forestry (Wall, 2004), etc., can negatively affect other services, either in that system, or in other connected systems | Intro | No | SEA Environmental Decisions | No | 0 | 3.286
20 | Multidisciplinary | 3-5 | 2011 | No | 3 | Female | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 2 | No | No | No | [NAME], [NAME], S. Planes, and [NAME]. 2011. Beyond Biodiversity: Fish [NAME]. [NAME] One 6. | Yes | [NAME] One | Multidisciplinary | Spain | Fisheries have been identified as one of the main causes for the loss of animal genetic diversity [13] // Fisheries overexploitation could be a possible cause of apparently reduced genetic diversity in the Amazonian catch [13], although likely not the only one | Intro | No | University of Oviedo | No | 0 | 4.092
21 | Conservation | 2-3 | 2012 | No | 5 | Male | Other | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Arias-Gonzalez, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Predicting spatially explicit coral reef fish abundance, richness and Shannon-Weaver index from habitat characteristics. Biodiversity and Conservation 21:115-130. | Yes | Biodiversity and Conservation | Conservation | Mexico | Recently, biodiversity has been positively related with genetic pools, and ecosystem functioning and services (Worm et al. 2006; Naeem et al. 2009; [NAME] et al. 2010) | Intro | No | [NAME] y Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N-Unidad Me´rida | No | 0 | 2.238
22 | Other | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 5 | Female | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Arnaud-Haond, [NAME], N. Marba, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Comparative Analysis of Stability-Genetic Diversity in Seagrass (Posidonia oceanica) Meadows Yields Unexpected Results. Estuaries and Coasts 33:878-889. | Yes | Estuaries and Coasts | Other | Portugal | The relationship between diversity and stability has been the subject of a long-standing debate in ecology. [text omitted] Depending on the study and the proxies measured, various trends or lack of trends have been observed ([NAME] et al. 1996; [NAME] et al. 2001; Pfisterer and Schmid 2002; Worm et al. 2006). | Intro | No | University Algarve | No | 0 | 2.109
23 | Policy | >5 | 2011 | No | 2 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], [NAME] and [NAME]. 2011. Inland capture fisheries in the Mekong and their place and potential within food-led regional development. Global Environmental Change-Human and Policy Dimensions 21:219-226. | Yes | Global Environmental Change-Human and Policy Dimensions | Policy | United Kingdom | As with global debates on fisheries and development (e.g., Worm et al., 2006; World Bank, 2004), within regional development debates capture fisheries often appear as doomed under almost any circumstances (Friend et al., 2009; [NAME] and [NAME], 2005). | Discussion | No | MRAG Ltd | No | 0 | 6.868
24 | Biology | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 15 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Arvanitidis, C., S. Faulwetter, [NAME], [NAME], O. Banki, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], C. Pavloudi, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Engaging the broader community in biodiversity research: the concept of the COMBER pilot project for divers in ViBRANT. Zookeys:211-229. | Yes | Zookeys | Biology | Greece | The extent to which changes in biodiversity may induce reduction of ecosystem performance and of its potential to provide humankind with products and services still remains the focus of much scientific effort (Worm et al. 2006). | Intro | No | Hellenic Centre for Marine Research | No | 0 | 0.879
25 | Policy | 0-2 | 2012 | Yes | 11 | Male | USA | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Aswani, S., P. Christie, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. The way forward with ecosystem-based management in tropical contexts: Reconciling with existing management systems. Marine Policy 36:1-10. | Yes | Marine Policy | Policy | USA | Further-more, centralized state-sponsored EBM plans often focus on protecting biodiversity, which, while important for sustaining and fostering ecological services [13] | Intro | No | University of California, Santa Barbara | No | 1 | 1.865
26 | Other | 2-3 | 2009 | No | 4 | Male | Canada | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Ayer, N., [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Sustainability of seafood production and consumption: an introduction to the special issue. Journal of Cleaner Production 17:321-324. | Yes | Journal of Cleaner Production | Other | Canada | In a subsequent paper [6] the consequences for ecosystems were more clearly spelled out: ‘‘We conclude that marine biodiversity loss is increasingly impairing the ocean’s capacity to provide food, maintain water quality, and recover from perturbations.’’ By extrapolation using huge sets of data they concluded that all marine fisheries on which we currently rely for much of our seafood will have collapsed by the middle of the current century. | Discussion | No | Dalhousie University | No | 0 | 2.727
27 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2009 | No | 2 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Balata, D. and [NAME]. 2009. [NAME]: Ethically and Ecologically Wrong. Science 324:464-464. | Yes | Science | Multidisciplinary | Ireland | Recent studies have shown the dramatic consequences of biodiversity loss in the oceans and its ripple effects on trophic webs (1–3). Such dramatic changes have occurred as a by-product of unsustainable fisheries management | Discussion | No | University College Dublin | No | 0 | 32.452
28 | Other | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 7 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Balmford, A., B. Fisher, [NAME], [NAME], B. Strassburg, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Bringing Ecosystem Services into the Real World: An Operational Framework for Assessing the Economic Consequences of Losing Wild Nature. Environmental & Resource Economics 48:161-175. | Yes | Environmental & Resource Economics | Economics | United Kingdom | For example, there is now some information on the conditions that trigger collapse in marine fisheries (Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | University of Cambridge | No | 0 | 1.523
29 | Conservation | 0-2 | 2012 | No | 8 | Female | Other | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], M. Mills, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Recasting shortfalls of marine protected areas as opportunities through adaptive management. Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 22:262-271. | Yes | Aquatic Conservation-Marine and [NAME] | Conservation | Australia | Severe declines in marine systems mean that we face the prospect of losing species and entire ecosystems within a single generation (Rogers and Laffoley, 2011) and effective management of marine environments is urgently needed ([NAME] and Knowlton, 2006; Worm et al., 2006). | Intro | No | [NAME] University | No | 0 | 1.929
30 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2008 | No | 3 | Female | Canada | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Moving Toward Spatial Solutions in Marine Conservation with Indigenous Communities. Ecology and Society 13. | Yes | Ecology and Society | Ecology | Canada | Marine protected areas (MPA) can be a valuable conservation tool to halt the decline of overexploited fish and invertebrate populations ([NAME] and Kenchington 1992, Walters 1998, [NAME] et [NAME]. 2000, Halpern and Warner 2002, Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | University of British Columbia | No | 0 | 2.516
31 | Multidisciplinary | 3-5 | 2009 | No | 2 | Female | Canada | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], [NAME] [NAME]. 2009. Beyond Marine Reserves: Exploring the Approach of Selecting Areas where Fishing Is Permitted, Rather than Prohibited. [NAME] One 4. | Yes | [NAME] One | Multidisciplinary | Canada | The oceans have suffered declines in faunal biomass and biodiversity [1,2,3] | Intro | No | University of British Columbia | No | 0 | 4.092
32 | Other | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 3 | Female | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 2 | Yes | Yes | No | Banaru, D., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Man induced change in community control in the north-western Black Sea: The top-down bottom-up balance. Marine Environmental Research 69:262-275. | Yes | Marine Environmental Research | Other | France | Some authors have predicted ‘‘the global collapse of all taxa currently fished” by 2048 (Worm et al., 2006). // The two scientists representing these opposing camps, Hilborn (2006) and Worm et al., (2006), argued for a long time on the fisheries and ecosystems management thematic, as each of them were defending their own expertise area. | Intro | No | Centre d’Océanologie de Marseille DIMAR, UMR CNRS | No | 0 | 2.276
33 | Biology | 0-2 | 2007 | No | 1 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], K. 2007. Do we live in a largely top-down regulated world ? Journal of Biosciences 32:791-796. | Yes | Journal of Biosciences | Biology | USA | By 2003, for 5/6 of the global catch, 3/10 (29%) of the fi shed species yielded ≤ 1/10 of the highest catches recorded since 1950 (Worm et al 2006), which in many regions was long after the onset of intensive fishing. | Discussion | No | University of Washington | No | 0 | 1.648
34 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 5 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Barausse, A., A. Michieli, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Long-term changes in community composition and life-history traits in a highly exploited basin (northern Adriatic Sea): the role of environment and anthropogenic pressures. Journal of Fish Biology 79:1453-1486. | Yes | Journal of Fish Biology | Fisheries | Italy | It is only recently, however, that the consequences of exploitation are becoming clear, with drastic effects on socio-economic systems (Worm et al., 2006). | Intro | No | University of Padova | No | 0 | 1.685
35 | Other | 0-2 | 2010 | Yes | 1 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Barbier, E. B. 2010. Poverty, development, and environment. Environment and Development Economics 15:635-660. | Yes | Environment and Development Economics | Economics | USA | Coral reefs are another critical habitat throughout the developing world that both support near-shore fisheries harvested by poor coastal communities and provide valuable shoreline protection ([NAME] and Folke, 1999; Cesar, 2000; [NAME] et al., 2001; Moberg and  önnbäck, 2003; Chong, 2005; Worm et al., 2006) | Discussion | No | University of Wyoming | Yes | 1 | 0.671
36 | Ecology | >5 | 2011 | Yes | 6 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 2 | No | Yes | Yes | Barbier, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. The value of estuarine and coastal ecosystem services. Ecological Monographs 81:169-193. | Yes | Ecological Monographs | Ecology | USA | Estuarine and coastal ecosystems (ECEs) are some of the most heavily used and threatened natural systems globally (Lotze et al. 2006, Worm et al. 2006, [NAME]. 2008). // This global decrease in ECEs is known to affect at least three critical ecosystem services  Worm et al. 2006): the number of viable (noncollapsed) fisheries (33% decline); the provision of nursery habitats such as oyster reefs, seagrass beds, and wetlands (69% decline); and filtering and detoxification services provided by suspension feeders, submerged vegetation, and wetlands (63% decline). | Intro | No | University of Wyoming | Yes | 1 | 7.433
37 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2012 | No | 4 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Barbone, E., [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Linking classification boundaries to sources of natural variability in transitional waters: A case study of benthic macroinvertebrates. Ecological Indicators 12:105-122. | Yes | Ecological Indicators | Ecology | Italy | Reference conditions, defined as the ecological status of an ecosystem in the absence of human disturbance or alteration ([NAME], 2006), are very unlikely to occur in transitional and coastal aquatic ecosystems (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005; Worm et al., 2006; [NAME], 2008). | Discussion | No | Apulian Regional Environmental Protection Agency (ARPA Puglia) | No | 0 | 2.695
38 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2010 | No | 1 | Female | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], N. 2010. Stand up for science. [NAME]. | Yes | Nature | Multidisciplinary | USA | [NAME], a marine ecologist from Dalhousie University in Halifax, Canada, for example, faced critiques that he had ‘overreached’ his results in two papers [6,7] about fish depletion that got a lot of public attention. | Discussion | No | National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis | No | 0 | 36.28
39 | Fisheries | None | 2007 | No | 1 | Female | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Baskett, [NAME]. Simple fisheries and marine reserve models of interacting species: An overview and example with recruitment facilitation. California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations Reports 48:71-81. | Yes | California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations Reports | Fisheries | USA | In general, interspecific biodiversity is vital to marine ecosystem functional properties, such as productivity and stability (Worm et al. 2006). | Intro | No | National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis | No | 0 | None
40 | Biology | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 5 | Male | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Beare, D., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. An unintended experiment in fisheries science: a marine area protected by war results in Mexican waves in fish numbers-at-age. [NAME] 97:797-808. | Yes | [NAME] | Biology | Italy | In open, temperate marine regions where dispersal potential and gene flow in fish are higher, there remains much debate over whether MPAs will be effective measures for conservation at all ([NAME]. 2004; Worm et al. 2006; Blyth-Skyrme et [NAME]. 2006; Laurel and Bradbury 2006; Hölker et al. 2007) | Intro | No | European Commission | No | 0 | 2.278
41 | Conservation | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 6 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], J. Gonzalvo, [NAME], M. Costa, and [NAME]. 2010. Biomass removal by dolphins and fisheries in a Mediterranean Sea coastal area: do dolphins have an ecological impact on fisheries? Aquatic Conservation-Marine and [NAME] 20:549-559. | Yes | Aquatic Conservation-Marine and [NAME] | Conservation | Italy | Excessive fishing pressure and the resulting worldwide decline in fish stocks and loss of marine biodiversity is a growing concern (Pauly et al., 1998, 2002; [NAME] et al., 2001; Worm et al., 2006). | Discussion | No | Tethys Research Institute | No | 0 | 1.929
42 | Other | 3-5 | 2009 | No | 3 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Ecology and conservation of common bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus in the Mediterranean Sea. Mammal Review 39:92-123. | Yes | Mammal Review | Other | Italy | Excessive fishing pressure and the resulting worldwide decline in fish stocks and loss of marine biodiversity is a growing concern worldwide (Pauly et al., 1998, 2002; [NAME] et al., 2001; Pitcher, 2001; Csirke, 2005; Worm et al., 2006). | Discussion | No | Tethys Research Institute | No | 0 | 3.034
43 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2010 | No | 3 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 2 | No | Yes | Yes | Beaugrand, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Marine biodiversity, ecosystem functioning, and carbon cycles. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 107:10120-10124. | Yes | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | Multidisciplinary | France | Ecologists often see the biodiversity of an ecosystem as beneficial in terms of resilience, stability, and ecosystem services (33) //However, the relationship between temperature, planktonic biodiversity, and fish is far more complex than described here because of  their synergistic pressures such as overfishing, which exerts a significant control on the biomass of the spawning stocks of exploited and other species (33). | Discussion | No | Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille | No | 0 | 9.681
44 | Other | 2-3 | 2007 | Yes | 14 | Female | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Beaumont, [NAME], [NAME], D. Burdon, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], M. Townsend, and [NAME]. 2007. Identification, definition and quantification of goods and services provided by marine biodiversity: Implications for the ecosystem approach. Marine Pollution Bulletin 54:253-265. | Yes | Marine Pollution Bulletin | Other | United Kingdom | The provision of all the goods and services is linked to biodiversity, although the exact mechanism and quantification of this linkage is not discussed in this paper; further information on these linkages have been documented by Beaumont et al. (2006), Worm et al. 2006) and Balvanera et al. (2006). | Intro | No | Plymouth Marine Laboratory | Yes | 1 | 2.503
45 | Other | 2-3 | 2008 | Yes | 4 | Female | Europe | No | No | No | No | No | 3 | No | Yes | Yes | Beaumont, [NAME], [NAME], and M. Townsend. 2008. Economic valuation for the conservation of marine biodiversity. Marine Pollution Bulletin 56:386-396. | Yes | Marine Pollution Bulletin | Other | United Kingdom | The role of marine biodiversity in the provision of ecosystem goods and services remains the subject of considerable debate (Wall, 2004; Worm et al., 2006; Balvanera et al., 2006). // We have examined evidence for linkages framed around an assumption of declining biodiversity as previous studies have implied that marine biodiversity is more likely to decline in the future (Millenium Ecosystem Assessment, 2006; Worm et al., 2006). // In addition, species rich ecosystems have been observed to have a lower rate of fishery collapse than species poor equivalents, and post-collapse recovery rates were also positively correlated with fish diversity (Worm et al., 2006). | Methods / Results | Yes | Plymouth Marine Laboratory | Yes | 1 | 2.503
46 | Other | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 3 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Becker, B. H., D. T. Press, and [NAME]. 2009. Modeling the effects of El Nino, density-dependence, and disturbance on harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) counts in Drakes Estero, California: 1997-2007. Marine Mammal Science 25:1-18. | Yes | Marine Mammal Science | Other | USA | Such conflicts may increase in the future if mariculture replaces wild ocean harvesting due to the worldwide decline in wild fish stocks (Worm et al. 2006). | Discussion | No | Pacific Coast Science and Learning Center | No | 0 | 1.611
47 | Other | 3-5 | 2011 | No | 3 | Male | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Behl, S., A. Donval, and H. Stibor. 2011. The relative importance of species diversity and functional group diversity on carbon uptake in phytoplankton communities. Limnology and Oceanography 56:683-694. | Yes | Limnology and Oceanography | Oceanography | Germany | During the last decade concern has been growing that biodiversity is declining from the local to global scale, which may affect resource sustainability, ecosystem functioning, and human welfare (Cardinale et al. 2006; Worm et al. 2006; [NAME] et al. 2007). | Intro | No | Ludwig-Maximilians-Universita¨t Mu¨nchen | No | 0 | 3.416
48 | Other | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 5 | Male | Canada | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 2 | No | No | Yes | Belley, R., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Effects of hypoxia on benthic macrofauna and bioturbation in the Estuary and Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada. Continental Shelf Research 30:1302-1313. | Yes | Continental Shelf Research | Other | Canada | Many marine habitats are under pressure from multiple anthropogenic threats such as fishing, pollution, coastal development, and global warming, all of which can lead to a loss of marine biodiversity (Snelgrove, 1998;Snelgrove et al., 2000; Worm et al., 2006). // Loss of macrobenthic biodiversity will likely have negative effects on the functions, processes, and health of ecosystems (Snelgrove, 1998; Worm et al., 2006). | Intro | No | Institut des sciences delamerde Rimouski | No | 0 | 2.088
49 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2009 | No | 4 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Benayas, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Enhancement of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services by Ecological Restoration: A Meta-Analysis. Science 325:1121-1124. | Yes | Science | Multidisciplinary | Spain | The relation between biodiversity and provision of ecosystem services is still poorly defined (10, 17). | Discussion | No | Alcala University | No | 0 | 32.452
50 | Multidisciplinary | 3-5 | 2010 | No | 16 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Benedetti-Cecchi, L., K. Iken, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], A. Mead, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], G. Palomo, and E. Maggi. 2010. Spatial Relationships between Polychaete Assemblages and Environmental Variables over [NAME]. [NAME] One 5. | Yes | [NAME] One | Multidisciplinary | Italy | Explaining the causes of variation in biodiversity at multiple spatial scales is a major goal of ecology. The ability to relate these fluctuations to changes in environmental drivers is becoming increasingly important to understand the consequences of human domination of the biosphere [1–3]. | Intro | No | University of Pisa | No | 0 | 4.092
51 | Biology | 2-3 | 2012 | No | 6 | Male | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Benedetti-Cecchi, L., L. Tamburello, [NAME], E. Maggi, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Linking patterns and processes across scales: the application of scale-transition theory to algal dynamics on rocky shores. Journal of Experimental Biology 215:977-985. | Yes | Journal of Experimental Biology | Biology | Italy | Concerns about the ecological and societal consequences of the continuing loss of biodiversity have motivated the analysis of diversity patterns at regional and global scales, in relation to potentially important environmental drivers (e.g. air and seasurface temperature, CO2 and nutrient concentrations) (Lotze et al., 2006; Worm et al., 2006; [NAME], 2008). | Intro | No | University of Pisa | No | 0 | 2.996
52 | Other | 2-3 | 2009 | No | 2 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Bere, E. and [NAME]. 2009. Towards health-promoting and environmentally friendly regional diets - a Nordic example. Public Health Nutrition 12:91-96. | Yes | Public Health Nutrition | Other | Norway | Similarly to game, several of the oceans’ fish stocks have now collapsed, and the future harvest depends heavily on how the remaining stocks are and will be treated(47–49). | Discussion | No | University of Agder | No | 0 | 2.169
53 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 9 | Male | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Bertocci, I., F. Arenas, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Canopy-forming species mediate the effects of disturbance on macroalgal assemblages on Portuguese rocky shores. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 414:107-116. | Yes | Marine Ecology-Progress Series | Ecology | Portugal | Additionally, most marine studies examining the diversity–stability hypothesis were carried out in the context of biological invasions, with few attempts to evaluate how versity shapes the ability of communities to resist perturbations. These include specific studies on [...omitted...] and microalgal biomass and combinations of sediment types and varying temperatures (Worm et al. 2006). | Intro | No | 1CIIMAR, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental | No | 0 | 2.711
54 | Policy | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 1 | Male | Other | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Bess, R. 2010. Maintaining a balance between resource utilisation and protection of the marine environment in New Zealand. Marine Policy 34:690-698. | Yes | Marine Policy | Policy | New Zealand | Utilisation pressures have already degraded some sensitive biological and ecological areas, which have impaired the oceans’ ability to produce the goods and services that are essential for sustaining life [2]. | Intro | No | Ministry of Fisheries | No | 0 | 1.865
55 | Other | 2-3 | 2009 | No | 3 | Female | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Bianconi, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Non-neutral theory of biodiversity. EPL 87: 28001 | Yes | EPL | Other | Italy | In fact many ecosystems recently, undergo a loss of biodiversity [1,2] | Intro | No | The Abdus Salam International Center for Theoretical Physics | No | 0 | 2.171
56 | Policy | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 1 | Female | USA | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 3 | No | No | No | Bischof, B. G. 2010. Negotiating uncertainty Framing attitudes, prioritizing issues, and finding consensus in the coral reef environment management "crisis". Ocean & Coastal Management 53:597-614. | Yes | Ocean & Coastal Management | Policy | USA | These “rain forests of the sea” are said to be suffering the greatest rates of marine environmental deterioration in the face of global change, particularly those located near opulation centers and areas of intensive coastal development or when easily accessible to a variety of resource exploitation efforts, such as fishing and tourism [4-7]. // Prospects voiced by scientists are increasingly pessimistic  regarding reefs achieving an acceptable balance with the rapidly changing environmental feedback systems that are associated with global change [7,13,14] // Coral reefs are also recognized to have the highest biodiversity of species (by phyla) of any known  ecosystem and have shown potential for medical uses [7,33,50,51]. | Intro / Discussion | No | Florida State University | No | 0 | 1.333
57 | Other | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 1 | Male | USA | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | Blackford, [NAME]. Fishers, Fishing, and Overfishing: American Experiences in Global Perspective, 1976-2006. Business History Review 83:239-266. | Yes | Business History Review | Other | USA | Authors of additional scientific reports advanced arguments similar to Safina's, attributing declines in fish stocks to greatly intensified fishing efforts. The most critical confirmation of the situation appeared in a far-reaching article published in Science, in the fall of 2006, by a group of twelve Canadian, American, and European scientists. By 2003, they contended, 29 percent of the world's fisheries were in a state of collapse. That is, the fisheries yielded less than 10 percent of their recorded maximum commercial catches. They further found that, "despite large increases in [the] global fishing effort," the global fish catch "across all species and LMEs [large marine ecosystems]" had dropped 13 percent since reaching its maximum in 1994. "This trend," they warned, "is of serious concern because it projects the global collapse of all taxa currently fished by the mid-2ist century."5 | Intro | No | Ohio State University | No | 0 | 0.444
58 | Conservation | 0-2 | 2007 | No | 1 | Male | USA | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | 3 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Blick, [NAME]. [NAME] impact on terrestrial, intertidal, and marine resources, San Salvador, Bahamas (AD 950-1500). Journal for Nature Conservation 15:174-183. | Yes | Journal for Nature Conservation | Conservation | USA | Concerns about marine resource exploitation and fishing pressure, including overfishing, have increased in recent years. Characteristics of overfishing include: depletion of apex predators and larger individuals; truncated size and age distributions of targeted species (‘‘growth overfishing,’’ see [NAME], 2004, p. 1); genetic changes in somatic growth rates; declining fisheries biomass; altered community composition or functioning; decline in mean trophic level of fisheries landings; reduction of species diversity; and regional extirpations or global extinctions (Baum et al., 2003; Bjorndal & Jackson, 2003; [NAME], Figueira, Ueland, & Crowder, 2004; Conover & Munch, 2002; Hawkins & Roberts, 2004; [NAME] et al., 2001; [NAME] et al., 2006; Pandolfi et al., 2003; Pauly, [NAME], Dalsgaard, Froese, & Torres, 1998; [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], & Maunder, 2006; Worm et al., 2006). // impacts that will likely continue into the near future when global fisheries are projected to collapse by A.D. 2050 (Pauly et al., 1998; Worm et al., 2006). // In the words of Worm et al. (2006, p. 787), ‘‘when the availabley data are combined, they reveal a strikingly general picture’’ – in this case, prehistoric overexploitation of terrestrial, intertidal, and marine resources. | Intro / Discussion | No | Georgia College and State University | No | 0 | 1.864
59 | Other | 3-5 | 2010 | No | 8 | Female | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Bohne-Kjersem, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], P. Roepstorff, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Biomarker candidate discovery in Atlantic cod ([NAME]) continuously exposed to North Sea produced water from egg to fry. Aquatic Toxicology 96:280-289. | Yes | Aquatic Toxicology | Other | Norway | In many coastal ecosystems cod fish and other marine vertebrates are functionally or entirely extinct. Overfishing is believed to be the main reason for this (Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | University of Bergen | No | 0 | 3.761
60 | Other | None | 2008 | No | 1 | Female | USA | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | Boorse, D. 2008. CREATION CARE: RELIGION AND ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION. Review of Faith & International Affairs 6:33-37. | Yes | Review of Faith & International Affairs | Other | USA | (Worm et al. 2006) predict that unless we dramatically change the way ocean fisheries are treated, 100 percent of the world’s large commercial fisheries will collapse within 50 years | Intro | No | [NAME] in Wenham | No | 0 | None
61 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2009 | No | 4 | Female | USA | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Borer, E. T., [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Consumers indirectly increase infection risk in grassland food webs. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 106:503-506. | Yes | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | Multidisciplinary | USA | Although altered consumer communities are known to impact biodiversity, ecosystem productivity, and stability and facilitate further biological invasions (4, 5) | Intro | No | Oregon State University | No | 0 | 9.681
62 | Fisheries | 2-3 | 2009 | No | 9 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 2 | Yes | Yes | No | Botsford, [NAME], D. R. Brumbaugh, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Connectivity, sustainability, and yield: bridging the gap between conventional fisheries management and marine protected areas. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 19:69-95. | Yes | Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries | Fisheries | USA | For example, Worm et al. (2006) recently made the controversial claim that fisheries are declining fast enough to be exhausted by the year 2048, and that the remediation for this failure of conventional management was MPAs // Furthermore, effects on fishery yield have been reviewed for only small fraction of these MPAs (e.g., nine in Worm et al. 2006). | Intro / Conclusions | No | University of California, [NAME] | No | 0 | 2.5
63 | Biology | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 4 | Male | Other | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 2 | No | Yes | Yes | Boulton, A. J., [NAME], P. J. Hancock, and [NAME]. 2008. Biodiversity, functional roles and ecosystem services of groundwater invertebrates. Invertebrate Systematics 22:103-116. | Yes | Invertebrate Systematics | Biology | Australia | with numerous examples of precipitous declines in biodiversity across a range of terrestrial, marine, and aquatic ecosystems ([NAME]. 2004; Millenium Ecosystem Assessment 2005; Worm et al. 2006). // The natural diversity of all organisms is an essential resource for humans, providing food, clean water, oxygen,medical products, and other fundamental requirements ([NAME] and [NAME] 1997; Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | University of New England | No | 0 | 1.351
64 | Other | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 4 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], [NAME] S. Olenin, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Ecosystem engineering and biodiversity in coastal sediments: posing hypotheses. Helgoland Marine Research 63:95-106. | Yes | Helgoland Marine Research | Other | The Netherlands | An in-depth understanding of the impacts of biodiversity loss (Worm et al. 2006) and reduction of ecosystem size (Barbier et al. 2008) on ecosystem services is essential to the well being of mankind. | Discussion | No | Netherlands Institute of Ecology | No | 0 | 1.281
65 | Ecology | 3-5 | 2009 | No | 3 | Female | USA | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 3 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Biodiversity effects on productivity and stability of marine macroalgal communities: the role of environmental context. Oikos 118:1062-1072. | Yes | Oikos | Ecology | USA | The importance of species richness in driving primary production has been the main focus, and synthesis is now possible across more than one hundred experimental tests of richness effects (Balvanera et al. 2006, Cardinale et al. 2006, Worm et al. 2006). // To date, we know little of the role of environmental  context on richness production relationships outside of terrestrial plant and microbial communities, and marine systems have received almost no attention on this topic (Worm et al. 2006, Stachowicz et al. 2007). // In another study, microalgal biomass accumulation was more stable over time in high than low richness treatments regardless of sediment type or temperature ([NAME]. 1999 as reananalyzed by Worm et al. 2006). | Intro / Discussion | No | San Francisco State University | No | 0 | 3.061
66 | Other | None | 2007 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Bracken, M. and [NAME]. 2007. Ecological interactions useful for marine ecosystem-based management: The role of positive species interactions, ecosystem engineers, and species diversity. California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations Reports 48:69-70. | Yes | California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations Reports | Oceanography | USA | We encourage readers to examine their related recent papers (e.g., [NAME]. 2006; Worm et al. 2006). | Discussion | No | Northeastern University | No | 0 | None
67 | Other | None | 2007 | No | 3 | Male | USA | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | 4 | No | No | Yes | Bracken, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2007. Species diversity and foundation species: Potential indicators of fisheries yields and marine ecosystem functioning. California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations Reports 48:82-91. | Yes | California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations Reports | Oceanography | USA | Whereas most of the research on the relationships between diversity and ecosystem function has been conducted in terrestrial systems (Naeem and [NAME] 2003; [NAME] et [NAME]. 2004), recent work indicates that similar relationships can be found in marine systems (Worm et al. 2006). // In fact, a recent synthesis of evidence from marine systems supports an overall positive effect of diversity on a variety of ecosystem functions and suggests that fishery yields and resilience are higher in more diverse ecosystems (Worm et al. 2006). // Our work supports other recent findings on the importance of marine biodiversity to fisheries. Worm et al. (2006) examined fisheries catches at the scale of large marine ecosystems and found that fisheries in species rich systems (>500 species) collapse less rapidly than those in species-poor systems (<500 species). Furthermore, both catches and rates of recovery after collapse were higher for fisheries in more diverse large marine ecosystems. // Our work and the analysis of large marine ecosystem fisheries data by Worm et al. (2006) suggest that managers need to explicitly consider the diversity and abundance of both fished and unfished species. | Intro / Discussion | No | Northeastern University | No | 0 | None
68 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2008 | No | 4 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Bracken, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Functional consequences of realistic biodiversity changes in a marine ecosystem. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 105:924-928. | Yes | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | Multidisciplinary | USA | [Motivated by global declines in biodiversity (1, 2)], many studies have documented important links between the number of species in an ecosystem and the functioning (e.g., productivity, elemental cycling, and trophic transfer of energy) of that system (3, 4). | Intro | No | Northeastern University | No | 0 | 9.681
69 | Biology | >5 | 2008 | No | 5 | Male | Canada | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Bradbury, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], P. Bentzen, and [NAME]. 2008. Global patterns in marine dispersal estimates: the influence of geography, taxonomic category and life history. Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences 275:1803-1809. | Yes | Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences | Biology | Canada | Worldwide collapse of commercial marine species (e.g. [NAME] et al. 2003; Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | Dalhousie University | No | 0 | 5.415
70 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 8 | Male | Canada | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 2 | No | No | No | Bradbury, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Discrete spatial dynamics in a marine broadcast spawner: Re-evaluating scales of connectivity and habitat associations in Atlantic cod (Gadus [NAME]) in coastal Newfoundland. Fisheries Research 91:299-309. | Yes | Fisheries Research | Fisheries | Canada | However, recent shifts in adult fish distributions (Devine et al., 2006; Worm et al., 2006) // Historical interpretations of the spatial ecology of marine species require re-evaluation given recent wide-scale alteration in spatial dynamics of marine communities (Worm et al., 2006) | Intro / Discussion | No | Dalhousie University | No | 0 | 1.586
71 | Other | 3-5 | 2009 | No | 2 | Male | Other | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Bradbury, [NAME] and [NAME]. 2009. Coral reef science and the new commons. Coral Reefs 28:831-837. | Yes | Coral Reefs | Other | Australia | Now consider overfishing. We know that global fishing pressure is accelerating, probably ahead of global GDP (Berkes et al. 2006; Scales et al. 2006; Worm et al. 2006; [NAME]. 2008; Jackson 2008). | Discussion | No | Australian National University | No | 0 | 3.878
72 | Other | 0-2 | 2012 | No | 3 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Braje, T. J., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. A trans-Holocene historical ecological record of shellfish harvesting on California's Northern Channel Islands. Quaternary International 264:109-120. | Yes | Quaternary International | Other | USA | The current crisis of the oceans, including the accelerating degradation of fisheries and marine ecosystems around the world, has prompted many scientists and resource managers to reconsider management strategies (e.g., [NAME] et al., 2001; Lotze et al., 2006; Worm et al., 2006). | Conclusions | No | San Diego State University | No | 0 | 1.874
73 | Policy | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 1 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | 4 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Branch, T. A. 2008. Not all fisheries will be collapsed in 2048. Marine Policy 32:38-39. | Yes | Marine Policy | Policy | USA | In a recently published paper, Worm et al. [Impacts of  biodiversity loss on ocean ecosystem services. Science 2006;314:787–90.] project ‘‘the global collapse of all taxa currently fished’’ by 2048. // In a paper recently published in Science, Worm et al. [1] project ‘‘the global collapse of all taxa currently fished’’ by 2048, and magnify this statement through press releases prominently displayed in newspapers worldwide. // Their definition of a ‘‘collapsed’’ fishery as one in which current catches are less than 10% of their historic high is followed. // while Worm et al. [1] present important results about the relationship between diversity and ecosystem functioning, their prediction that all fisheries will have collapsed by 2048 is naive for two reasons | Abstract // Discussion | No | University of Washington | No | 0 | 1.865
74 | Conservation | 2-3 | 2012 | No | 7 | Male | USA | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | 2 | Yes | No | No | Branch, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Fisheries conservation and management: finding consensus in the midst of competing paradigms. Animal Conservation 15:1-3. | Yes | Animal Conservation | Conservation | USA | Even worse, it has been argued that current trends will lead to the global collapse of all fisheries by 2048 (Worm et al., 2006). // Furthermore, the rather sensational prediction that all fisheries will collapse by 2048 (Worm et al., 2006) | Discussion | No | University of Washington | No | 0 | 2.931
75 | Conservation | 3-5 | 2011 | No | 5 | Male | USA | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | 8 | No | Yes | No | Branch, T. A., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Contrasting Global Trends in Marine Fishery Status Obtained from Catches and from Stock Assessments. Conservation Biology 25:777-786. | Yes | Conservation Biology | Conservation | USA | Fisheries scientists and ecologists have defined stocks as “collapsed” or “overexploited” on the basis of catch and biomass data (e.g., Worm et al. 2006; Pauly 2007, 2008). // It is assumed that a stock in a state of collapse (i.e., collapsed) contributes little to ecosystem processes relative to its unfished state (e.g., Worm et al. 2006; Worm et al. 2009). // We applied these definitions of collapse and overexploited to assess trends in status (relative to unfished levels) of marine fish stocks, a subject of considerable debate in the literature (e.g., Worm et al. 2006; Branch 2008; Worm et al. 2009). [NAME], several researchers have used worldwide catch data as a surrogate for changes in biomass and suggest that 24–36% of stocks are collapsed (e.g., Worm et al. 2006; Pauly 2007, 2008) // whereas catch data suggest a rapid increase in the proportion of collapsed and overexploited stocks since 1950 (Worm et al. 2006; Pauly 2007, 2008). // Estimates of fishery status from the catch based method suggest that around 30% of all fisheries are collapsed, 40% more are overexploited, and the percentage of collapsed and overexploited fisheries will increase over time (e.g., Worm et al. 2006; Pauly 2007, 2008). // The  decreasing proportions of developing fisheries and increasing proportions of collapsed fisheries over time are identical whether the catch-based method is applied to stationary time series or  to catch data (e.g., [NAME]. 2005; Worm et al. 2006; Pauly 2007). //Estimates of fishery status on the basis of biomass data and the FAO assessments of global fisheries contradict catch-based estimates that the percentage of overexploited and collapsed fish stocks is increasing (e.g., Worm et al. 2006; Pauly 2007, 2008). | Intro / Discussion | No | University of Washington | No | 0 | 4.692
76 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2007 | No | 1 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Brander, K. M. 2007. Global fish production and climate change. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 104:19709-19714. | Yes | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | Multidisciplinary | Denmark | A recent metaanalysis concluded that the oceans’ capacity to provide food, maintain water quality, and recover from perturbation has been impaired through loss of biodiversity (16) | Discussion | No | International Council for the Exploration of the Sea | No | 0 | 9.681
77 | Biology | >5 | 2008 | No | 1 | Female | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Brandt, A. 2008. Deep-Sea Ecology: Infectious Impact on Ecosystem Function. Current Biology 18:R1104-R1106. | Yes | Current Biology | Biology | Germany | showing that species diversity generally has a positive but saturating effect on ecosystem processes [7–10] | Discussion | No | Zoological Institute and Zoological Museum | No | 0 | 9.647
78 | Other | 2-3 | 2007 | No | 6 | Female | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Brandt, A., [NAME], [NAME], M. Choudhury, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2007. Deep-sea isopod biodiversity, abundance, and endemism in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean-Results from the ANDEEP I-III expeditions. Deep-Sea Research Part II-Topical Studies in Oceanography 54:1760-1775. | Yes | Deep-Sea Research Part II-Topical Studies in Oceanography | Oceanography | Germany | Worm et al. (2006) discussed the buffering impact of high species diversity on the resistance and recovery of ecosystems. | Discussion | No | Zoological Institute and Zoological Museum | No | 0 | 2.277
79 | Fisheries | 2-3 | 2008 | No | 1 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 3 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Briggs, [NAME]. The North Atlantic Ocean: Need for proactive management. Fisheries 33:180-185. | Yes | Fisheries | Fisheries | USA | Recently, it has been observed that the ongoing erosion of marine biodiversity reveals a trend that predicts the global collapse of all currently fished taxa by the year 2048 (Worm et al. 2006). // A recent review devoted to ocean ecosystem services (Worm et al. 2006) found that experimental data, when combined, revealed a striking general picture indicating that increased diversity of both primary producers and consumers enhanced all examined ecosystem processes. Furthermore, comparison of records from coastal ecosystems showed that those with higher species richness demonstrated lower rates of collapse of commercially important fish and invertebrate taxa over time. And they found that collapses of large marine ecosystem fisheries occurred at a higher rate in specics-poor ecosystems, as compared to species-rich ones. // A related finding emphasized by Worm et al. (2006), was that fished taxa richness was negatively related to the variation in catch from year to year and positively correlated with the total production of catch per year. | Intro / Discussion | No | Oregon State University | No | 0 | 2.367
80 | Biology | 2-3 | 2009 | No | 1 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | Yes | Briggs, [NAME]. Atlantic coral reefs: the transplantation alternative. Biological Invasions 11:1845-1854. | Yes | Biological Invasions | Biology | USA | Comparison of records from coastal ecosystems has shown that those with higher species richness demonstrated lower rates of collapse of commercially important fish and invertebrate taxa over time (Worm et al. 2006). | Discussion | No | Oregon State University | No | 0 | 2.896
81 | Biology | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 1 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | Yes | Briggs, [NAME]. Marine biology: the role of accommodation in shaping marine biodiversity. Marine Biology 157:2117-2126. | Yes | Marine Biology | Biology | USA | Comparison of records from coastal ecosystems has shown that those with higher species richness demonstrated lower rates of collapse of commercially important fish and invertebrate taxa over time (Worm et al. 2006). Further, collapses in large marine ecosystems occurred at a higher rate in species-poor ecosystems, when compared to species-rich ones. | Discussion | No | Oregon State University | No | 0 | 2.276
82 | Fisheries | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 1 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 2 | No | Yes | Yes | Briggs, [NAME]. North Atlantic Fisheries: A Response to Criticism of the Proactive Proposal. Fisheries 35:296-298. | Yes | Fisheries | Fisheries | USA | Furthermore, the comprehensive review by Worm et al. (2006) provided solid evidence that greater biodiversity provides tangible benefits. In that review, a comparison of records from coastal ecosystems showed that those with higher species richness demonstrated lower rates of collapse of commercially important fish and invertebrate taxa over time. And it was found that collapses in large marine ecosystems occurred at a higher rate in species poor ecosystems, as compared to species-rich ones. A related finding by Worm et al. (2006) was that fished taxa richness was negatively related to the variation in catch from year to year and positively related to the total production of catch per year. | Discussion | No | Oregon State University | No | 0 | 2.367
83 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2012 | No | 1 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | Yes | Briggs, [NAME]. Marine species invasions in estuaries and harbors. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 449:297-302. | Yes | Marine Ecology-Progress Series | Ecology | USA | Comparison of records from coastal ecosystems has shown that those with higher species richness demonstrated lower rates of collapse of commercially important fish and invertebrate taxa over time (Worm et al. 2006). | Discussion | No | Oregon State University | No | 0 | 2.711
84 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 7 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Brill, R., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. The repulsive and feeding-deterrent effects of electropositive metals on juvenile sandbar sharks (Carcharhinus plumbeus). Fishery [NAME]. | Yes | Fishery Bulletin | Fisheries | USA | Such severe reductions in elasmobranch populations have the potential to detrimentally restructure marine ecosystems (Jackson et al., 2001; Myers and Worm, 2003; Worm et al., 2006; Myers et al., 2007) | Intro | No | Northeast Fisheries Science Center | No | 0 | 1.098
85 | Other | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 3 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Brock, W., A. Kinzig, and [NAME]. 2010. Modeling the Economics of Biodiversity and Environmental Heterogeneity. Environmental & Resource Economics 46:43-58. | Yes | Environmental & Resource Economics | Economics | USA | Direct depletion through ‘harvesting’ is currently the primary cause of biodiversity change in most marine systems (e.g. Worm et al. 2006). | Intro | No | University of Wisconsin-Madison | No | 0 | 1.523
86 | Biology | None | 2010 | No | 3 | Female | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], B. K., E. Soule, and [NAME]. 2010. Effects of excluding bottom-disturbing mobile fishing gear on abundance and biomass of groundfishes in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary, USA. Current Zoology 56:134-143. | Yes | Current Zoology | Biology | USA | Losses of localized populations and biodiversity negatively impact the stability of marine systems and decrease their abilities to recover from stochastic events or human activities such as overfishing and pollution (Worm et al., 2006). | Intro | No | Boston University | No | 0 | None
87 | Other | 2-3 | 2011 | No | 4 | Male | Canada | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | [NAME], C. J., [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Benthic habitat mapping: A review of progress towards improved understanding of the spatial ecology of the seafloor using acoustic techniques. [NAME] and [NAME] 92:502-520. | Yes | Estuarine Coastal and [NAME] | Other | Canada | Without immediate action to mitigate these impacts, it is predicted that by the middle of the 21st century commercial fish and seafood stocks will collapse beyond the point of recovery (Worm et al., 2006). | Intro | No | Bedford Institute of Oceanography | No | 0 | 2.247
88 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Brown, R. A. and [NAME]. 2011. BIODIVERSITY OF MOBILE BENTHIC FAUNA IN GEODUCK (PANOPEA GENEROSA) AQUACULTURE BEDS IN SOUTHERN PUGET SOUND, WASHINGTON. Journal of Shellfish Research 30:771-776. | Yes | Journal of Shellfish Research | Fisheries | USA | Biodiversity is often used in ecological studies as an indicator of ecosystem health ([NAME]. 2005, Worm et al. 2006). | Intro | No | Evergreen State College | No | 0 | 0.793
89 | Other | >5 | 2009 | No | 4 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 7 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Brunner, E. J., P. J. S. Jones, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Fish, human health and marine ecosystem health: policies in collision. International Journal of Epidemiology 38:93-100. | Yes | International Journal of Epidemiology | Other | United Kingdom | There is increasing evidence that large-scale fishing can have ruinous effects on marine ecosystems and their fish populations. [27,28] // Unless the current trajectory is altered decisively, human predation is predicted to lead to complete collapse of all economically important species by the mid 21st century, potentially causing irreversible damage to marine ecosystems. [28] // A pivotal study by marine ecologists is based on extrapolation of catch trends around the world. [28] FAO and other data on fish and invertebrate catches from 1950 to 2003 were analysed for ocean regions that collectively produced over 80% of global catches, together with species diversity data for each of the 64 large marine ecosystems. Fishery collapses, defined as catches dropping below 10% of the recorded maximum, are accelerating. Cumulative collapses reached 65% in 2003, and extrapolation of the regression model predicts global collapse of all commercially exploited fish populations in 2048. // An ecosystem approach to management is increasingly being recommended as the required policy solution to declines in the health of marine ecosystems and the size of fish populations. [28]  // Species-by species stock management has been the main device employed by the European Commission and other regulators in attempts to maintain sustainable yields, but FAO figures and related analyses indicate that this policy has not been effective. [28,34] // Analysis of experimental and observational data addressing the effects of marine biodiversity on a variety of outcome measures shows that productivity, stability and resilience is enhanced by higher diversity of species, as it is in terrestrial ecosystems. [28] // In large offshore zones, and smaller estuarine and coastal areas, fishery collapses are more frequent in species-poor ecosystems than in species-rich ones. These effects operate both for primary producers (plants and algae) and consumers (herbivores and predators). | Discussion | No | University College London | No | 0 | 6.414
90 | Ecology | >5 | 2008 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 2 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], [NAME]. 2008. Cascading effects of predator richness. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 6:539-546. | Yes | Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment | Ecology | USA | More recently, ecologists have begun to argue that the conservation of predator richness would broadly enhance ecological functioning and services (Worm et al. 2006). [NAME], there is currently little scientific evidence to support the idea that the conservation of predator biodiversity will broadly enhance ecosystem functioning. Management recommendations based on this premise (eg Worm et al. 2006) will inevitably lead to unexpected, and sometimes unfavorable, outcomes. | Discussion | No | The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill | No | 0 | 9.113
91 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 4 | Female | Canada | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 2 | No | No | Yes | Bui, A. O. V., P. Ouellet, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Ichthyoplankton community structure in the northwest Gulf of St. Lawrence (Canada): past and present. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 412:189-205. | Yes | Marine Ecology-Progress Series | Ecology | Canada | It is widely accepted that species diversity, which is defined as richness, abundance, and composition of species as well as interactions between species, promotes production and ecosystem stability ([NAME]. 2000, [NAME]. 2005, Duffy & Stachowicz 2006, [NAME] et al. 2006, Worm et al. 2006). // However, anthropogenic activities can affect community biodiversity directly by exploitation, pollution, and invasive species introduction, and indirectly by modifying habitats and, more globally, by affecting climate via greenhouse gas emissions (Worm et al. 2006). | Intro | No | Institut [NAME] | No | 0 | 2.711
92 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2008 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 3 | No | Yes | Yes | Burkepile, [NAME] and [NAME]. 2008. Herbivore species richness and feeding complementarity affect community structure and function on a coral reef. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 105:16201-16206. | Yes | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | Multidisciplinary | USA | Marine ecosystems appear at special risk of degradation after loss of consumers (10, 11), [NAME], complementary resource use [, a mechanism often cited as driving the positive effect of plant species diversity on ecosystem function (32) but that ] is less commonly addressed in studies of consumer diversity (10) // Harvesting of marine consumers has impacted the function of many marine ecosystems through the removal of disproportionately important species and the reduction of functional diversity at all trophic levels (10). | Intro / Discussion | No | Georgia Institute of Technology | No | 0 | 9.681
93 | Multidisciplinary | 3-5 | 2010 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Burkepile, [NAME] and [NAME]. 2010. Impact of Herbivore Identity on Algal Succession and Coral Growth on a Caribbean Reef. [NAME] One 5. | Yes | [NAME] One | Multidisciplinary | USA | Coastal marine systems often suffer losses of ecosystem function following reductions in biodiversity [51] | Discussion | No | Georgia Institute of Technology | No | 0 | 4.092
94 | Other | 3-5 | 2011 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 1 | No | No | Yes | Burkepile, [NAME] and [NAME]. 2011. Feeding complementarity versus redundancy among herbivorous fishes on a Caribbean reef. Coral Reefs 30:351-362. | Yes | Coral Reefs | Other | USA | Marine ecosystems suffer negative effects of biodiversity loss (Worm et al. 2006; Stachowicz et al. 2007), underscoring the need for a better understanding of the functional role of biodiversity. | Discussion | No | Florida International University | No | 0 | 3.878
95 | Ecology | >5 | 2009 | Yes | 2 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Byrnes, [NAME] and [NAME]. 2009. Short and long term consequences of increases in exotic species richness on water filtration by marine invertebrates. Ecology Letters 12:830-841. | Yes | Ecology Letters | Ecology | USA | The past decade has witnessed an explosion of research addressing the consequences of global declines in biodiversity for ecosystem function ([NAME]. 2005; Spehn et al. 2005; Cardinale et al. 2006; Worm et al. 2006; Stachowicz et [NAME]. 2007). | Intro | No | University of California, [NAME] | No | 1 | 17.557
96 | Multidisciplinary | 3-5 | 2007 | Yes | 3 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 2 | No | No | Yes | Byrnes, [NAME] [NAME], and [NAME]. 2007. Invasions and Extinctions Reshape Coastal Marine Food Webs. [NAME] One 2. | Yes | [NAME] One | Multidisciplinary | USA | Although a number of studies have recently considered the consequences of diversity loss for ecosystem functioning [see reviews by 3, 4] // While these results are largely from controlled experiments that may only include relatively strongly interacting species, they appear to be robust and match patterns observed from field surveys [22] and fisheries data [4] that incorporate total community richness or diversity. | Intro / Discussion | No | University of California, [NAME] | No | 1 | 4.092
97 | Ecology | 3-5 | 2009 | Yes | 2 | Male | USA | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Byrnes, [NAME] [NAME]. 2009. The consequences of consumer diversity loss: different answers from different experimental designs. Ecology 90:2879-2888. | Yes | Ecology | Ecology | USA | Experimentally changing species number alters ecosystem structure and function under a wide variety of scenarios (for review, see [NAME]. 2005, Balvanera et al. 2006, Cardinale et al. 2006, Worm et al. 2006, Stachowicz et al. 2007) | Conclusions | No | University of California, [NAME] | No | 1 | 4.849
98 | Policy | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 2 | Male | Other | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Cabral, [NAME] and P. M. Alino. 2011. Transition from common to private coasts: Consequences of privatization of the coastal commons. Ocean & Coastal Management 54:66-74. | Yes | Ocean & Coastal Management | Policy | Philippines | Fish stocks and catches worldwide are continually declining (Pauly et al., 2002; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | University of the Philippines | No | 0 | 1.333
99 | Other | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 8 | Female | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Calvo, E., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and C. Pelejero. 2011. Effects of climate change on Mediterranean marine ecosystems: the case of the Catalan Sea. Climate Research 50:1-29. | Yes | Climate Research | Other | Spain | The ichthyofauna channels a significant part of the energy fixed by primary production, structures the biological community (playing a role at several trophic levels) and contributes to biodiversity (Worm et al. 2006). | Discussion | No | Institut de Ciències del Mar | No | 0 | 1.994
100 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2009 | No | 4 | Female | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Campbell, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Beyond Baselines: Rethinking Priorities for Ocean Conservation. Ecology and Society 14. | Yes | Ecology and Society | Ecology | USA | These features, combined with general concerns about widespread overfishing (Worm et al. 2006, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) 2007), help explain SBS’s [shifting baselines] popularity. | Intro | No | Duke University | No | 0 | 2.516
101 | Other | 0-2 | 2012 | No | 3 | Male | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Campling, L., E. Havice, and [NAME]. 2012. The Political Economy and Ecology of Capture Fisheries: Market Dynamics, Resource Access and Relations of Exploitation and Resistance. Journal of Agrarian Change 12:177-203. | Yes | Journal of Agrarian Change | Other | United Kingdom | Scientific studies detail fish and ecosystem decline, predict collapse and debate current fish population status and management efficacy ([NAME] et al. 2001; Myers and Worm 2003;Worm et [NAME]. 2006; [NAME]. 2009;Worm et [NAME]. 2009). | Intro | No | University of London | No | 0 | 1.348
102 | Other | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 1 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 2 | No | Yes | No | Cannon, D. 2009. FROM FISH OIL TO MICROALGAE OIL ... A WIN-WIN SHIFT FOR HUMANS AND OUR HABITAT. Explore-the Journal of Science and Healing 5:299-303. | Yes | Explore-the Journal of Science and Healing | Other | USA | A seminal article written by several of the world’s leading marine scientists, published in Science in November 2006, has ominous implications for not only fish but for our oceans and planetary balance.[21] Worm et al [21] are examining the impact of biodiversity loss on ocean ecosystems and coastal communities. By using sophisticated research methods that pool large numbers of regional research projects and decades of global fishery data, they were able to derive very accurate assessments of the current status of ocean habitats as well as prediction of what may occur in our oceans unless significant changes in human behaviors are enacted. Many species have been overfished in certain locations with disastrous consequences to humans. | Discussion | No | Medical Associates of Central Virginia | No | 0 | 1.027
103 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2012 | Yes | 17 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 4 | No | No | Yes | Cardinale, B. J., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], A. Narwani, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and S. Naeem. 2012. Biodiversity loss and its impact on humanity. Nature 486:59-67. | Yes | Nature | Multidisciplinary | USA | Meta-analyses published since 2005 have shown that, as a general rule, reductions in the number of genes, species and functional groups of organisms reduce the efficiency by which whole communities capture biologically essential resources (nutrients, water, light, [NAME]), and convert those resources into biomass [12,24–28,30–35] // the field has coalesced around a series of key findings and themes that have been fostered by the publication of 13 quantitative data syntheses [12,24–35] // This conceptual diagram summarizes what we know about the shape of the biodiversity–ecosystem functioning (BEF) relationship based on summaries of [R104] several hundred experiments [12,24–35]  // This included some noteworthy examples, such as the effect of fish diversity on fisheries yield (as opposed to stability), and the effect of biodiversity on flood regulation. Surprisingly, each of these services has been cited in the literature as being a direct product of biodiversity [16,26]. | Discussion | No | University of Michigan | No | 1 | 36.28
104 | Ecology | >5 | 2009 | No | 5 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Cardinale, B. J., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Separating the influence of resource 'availability' from resource 'imbalance' on productivity-diversity relationships. Ecology Letters 12:475-487. | Yes | Ecology Letters | Ecology | USA | At least five recently published meta-analyses have summarized the findings of experiments performed to date (Balvanera et al. 2006; Cardinale et al. 2006, 2007; Worm et al. 2006; Stachowicz et al. 2007). These analyses have shown that experimental reductions in species richness can reduce the efficiency by which communities capture resources and convert those into new biomass by as much as 50%. | Discussion | No | University of California, Santa Barbara | No | 0 | 17.557
105 | Other | 2-3 | 2011 | Yes | 9 | Male | USA | No | No | Yes | No | No | 2 | No | No | Yes | Cardinale, B. J., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. THE FUNCTIONAL ROLE OF PRODUCER DIVERSITY IN ECOSYSTEMS. American Journal of Botany 98:572-592. | Yes | American Journal of Botany | Other | USA | Between 2006 and 2008, six formal metaanalyses of the BEF [biodiversity and ecosystem functioning] literature were independently published (Balvanera et al., 2006 ; Cardinale et al., 2006 , 2007 ; Worm et al., 2006 ; Stachowicz et al., 2007 ; [NAME], 2008 ) // To identify new studies for inclusion, we (1) repeated the ISI Web of Science keyword search described and augmented this search by searching for additional studies from (2) reference lists of other summaries and meta-analyses that have been published since 2006 ( Balvanera et al., 2006 ; Worm et al., 2006 ; Stachowicz et al., 2007 ; Piotto, 2008 ; Schmid et al., 2009a , b ) | Intro / Methods | Yes | University of Michigan | No | 1 | 2.664
106 | Ecology | 3-5 | 2011 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], M. P. and [NAME]. 2011. Determining the mechanism by which fish diversity influences production. Oecologia 167:189-198. | Yes | Oecologia | Ecology | USA | Species-specific influences of fish on ecosystem processes have been found  (Worm et al. 2006; [NAME] and Hay 2008) | Intro | No | University of Illinois | No | 0 | 3.412
107 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2009 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Caron, [NAME] and P. D. Countway. 2009. Hypotheses on the role of the protistan rare biosphere in a changing world. Aquatic Microbial Ecology 57:227-238. | Yes | Aquatic Microbial Ecology | Ecology | USA | In a similar fashion, overfishing of several commercially valued macroscopic species has resulted in ecological extinction of these species (although not necessarily biological extinction), significantly altering food web structure and pathways of energy flow in many marine coastal ecosystems (Pandolfi et al. 2005, Worm et al. 2006). | Discussion | No | University of Southern California | No | 0 | 2.393
108 | Biology | None | 2012 | No | 1 | Female | Canada | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Carr, C. 2012. Polychaete diversity and distribution patterns in Canadian marine waters. Marine Biodiversity 42:93-107. | Yes | Marine Biodiversity | Biology | Canada | Recent efforts to monitor the effects of human activity and climate change have fostered major advances in the field of marine biodiversity (Worm et al. 2006; Radulovici et al. 2010; Bucklin et [NAME]. 2011). | Intro | No | University of Guelph | No | 0 | None
109 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2012 | No | 3 | Male | Canada | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 2 | Yes | Yes | No | Carruthers, [NAME] [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Evaluating methods that classify fisheries stock status using only fisheries catch data. Fisheries Research 119:66-79. | Yes | Fisheries Research | Fisheries | Canada | Recent papers have sought to determine fisheries stock status (e.g. ‘fully exploited’, ‘overexploited’ and ‘crashed’) using only records of fisheries catches or landings (‘catch-based methods’, e.g. Froese and Kesner-Reyes, 2002; Worm et al., 2006; Pauly, 2007, 2008; [NAME] et al., 2008; [NAME] and Pauly, 2011). // However perhaps the most high-profile application of catch-based methods is that of Worm et al. (2006) who projected the results of catch-based methods to predict “the global collapse of all taxa currently fished by the mid-21st century”. | Intro | No | University of British Columbia | No | 0 | 1.586
110 | Other | 2-3 | 2011 | No | 3 | Female | Other | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Cawthorn, D. M., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Evaluating the availability of fish species on the South African market and the factors undermining sustainability and consumer choice. Food Control 22:1748-1759. | Yes | Food Control | Other | South Africa | Widespread overfishing has led to the collapse of numerous fish populations worldwide (Hutchings & Reynolds, 2004; Myers & Worm, 2003; Worm, Barbier, & Beaumont, 2006). | Intro | No | University of Stellenbosch | No | 0 | 2.656
111 | Other | 3-5 | 2008 | No | 21 | Female | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Cerda, [NAME], J. Mercade, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], A. Astola, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], F. Piferrer, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], O. Durany, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Genomic resources for a commercial flatfish, the Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis): EST sequencing, oligo microarray design, and development of the Soleamold bioinformatic platform. Bmc Genomics 9. | Yes | BMC Genomics | Other | Spain | With the general worldwide decline in wild fishery [20] | Intro | No | Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) | No | 0 | 4.073
112 | Biology | 2-3 | 2009 | No | 10 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Tackling aquatic invasions: risks and opportunities for the aquarium fish industry. Biological Invasions 11:773-785. | Yes | Biological Invasions | Biology | USA | Invasive species are a growing source of ecological and economic harm worldwide ([NAME]. 2000; [NAME] et al. 2000; Worm et al. 2006; Lotze et al. 2006). | Intro | No | University of California, [NAME] | No | 0 | 2.896
113 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2008 | No | 5 | Male | Other | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | 2 | No | No | Yes | Cheal, A. J., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Responses of reef fish communities to coral declines on the Great Barrier Reef. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 372:211-223. | Yes | Marine Ecology-Progress Series | Ecology | Australia | Maintenance of biodiversity may provide an ‘ecological insurance’ against general ecosystem degradation by enhancing stability and recovery potential ([NAME]. 2005, Worm et al. 2006) // Maintenance of high ecosystem diversity is a key conservation goal because of the apparent positive relationship between diversity and ecosystem properties ([NAME]. 2005, Worm et al. 2006). | Intro / Discussion | No | Australian Institute of Marine Science | No | 0 | 2.711
114 | Fisheries | >5 | 2009 | Yes | 6 | Male | Canada | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 2 | No | No | Yes | Cheung, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], K. Kearney, [NAME], and D. Pauly. 2009. Projecting global marine biodiversity impacts under climate change scenarios. Fish and Fisheries 10:235-251. | Yes | Fish and Fisheries | Fisheries | Canada | Overall, changes in pattern of species richness may disrupt marine biodiversity and ecosystems, and impact commercial fisheries (Roessig et al. 2004; Worm et al. 2006; [NAME]. 2008b) // marine biodiversity is simultaneously impacted by a range of human activities such as over-fishing, habitat destruction and pollution (Pauly et al. 2002; [NAME]. 2003; Lotze et al. 2006; Worm et al. 2006). | Intro / Discussion | No | University of British Columbia | No | 1 | 5.8
115 | Other | 2-3 | 2008 | No | 2 | Male | Canada | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Cheung, [NAME] and U. R. Sumaila. 2008. Trade-offs between conservation and socio-economic objectives in managing a tropical marine ecosystem. Ecological Economics 66:193-210. | Yes | Ecological Economics | Economics | Canada | Besides commercial fishers, the society in general could also obtain benefits from a restored ecosystem, directly (e.g., through ecotourism, recreational fishing, etc) and indirectly (e.g., through increased non-market value, restored ecosystem function, etc.) (Costanza et al., 1998; Balmford et al., 2002; [NAME] and Sumaila, 2006; Worm et al., 2006). | Discussion | No | University of British Columbia | No | 0 | 2.713
116 | Other | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 2 | Female | Other | No | No | No | Yes | No | 2 | Yes | Yes | No | [NAME], [NAME] and [NAME]. 2009. Ethical management of food systems: plant based diet as a holistic approach. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition 18:647-653. | Yes | Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition | Other | Taiwan | Ignorance of the real costs of consuming fish for food has led to the continuous exploitation of the ocean, so that 91% of marine species have reached the state of depletion (>50% decline), 38% collapse (>90% decline), and 7% extinction (100% decline). [40] // With the current trend, a global collapse of all taxonomical groups currently fished is estimated to occur by the mid-21st century. [40] | Discussion | No | The Buddhist Dalin Tzu-Chi General Hospital | No | 0 | 1.133
117 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 3 | Male | Other | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 3 | No | Yes | Yes | Chong, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Diversity, extinction risk and conservation of Malaysian fishes. Journal of Fish Biology 76:2009-2066. | Yes | Journal of Fish Biology | Fisheries | Malaysia | Large global data sets across spatial and temporal scales indicate that as marine biodiversity declines, the ocean’s capacity to provide food, maintain water quality and recover from perturbations becomes severely impaired (Worm et al., 2006). Biodiversity loss in coastal ecosystems impaired at least three ecosystem services, namely provision of fisheries, nursery habitats and filtering and detoxification services as provided by suspension feeders, submerged vegetation and wetlands. // In large marine ecosystems (LME), Worm et al. (2006) further uncovered that 29% of currently fished species are considered collapsed by 2003 since passing the maximum yield in 1994 and that these collapses occurred at a higher rate in species-poor ecosystems. // With regard to the use of MPA or fishery closures to protect fish resources, various studies have shown that loss of ecosystem services could actually be reversed, for instance, in a study of 44 MPA and four large-scale fisheries closures, species richness of both target and non-target species increased by an average of 23% while in surrounding areas, the catch per effort increased by four-fold (Worm et al., 2006). | Intro / Discussion | No | University of Malaya | No | 0 | 1.685
118 | Multidisciplinary | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 6 | Male | Other | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], [NAME] [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Temporal Changes in Reef Community Structure at Bintan Island (Indonesia) Suggest Need for Integrated Management. Pacific Science 64:99-111. | Yes | Pacific Science | Multidisciplinary | Singapore | Unfortunately, habitats in and around that region have been threatened by a plethora of human activities, leading to biodiversity loss and ecosystem collapse ([NAME] and Blackmore 2001, [NAME] and [NAME] 2007; see also Hughes et al. 2003, [NAME]. 2004, Worm et al. 2006, [NAME] et al. 2007). | Intro | No | National University of Singapore | No | 0 | 0.862
119 | Conservation | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 1 | Male | USA | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | 4 | No | Yes | No | Christie, P. 2011. Creating space for interdisciplinary marine and coastal research: five dilemmas and suggested resolutions. Environmental Conservation 38:172-186. | Yes | Environmental Conservation | Conservation | USA | The decline of ocean resources and ecosystems has received considerable attention within the marine scientific community and popular media (Pauly et al. 1998; New York Times 2006; Worm et al. 2006, 2009; [NAME]. 2008; [NAME] 2008). // Ecological analyses of large-scale global change processes promote such scaling (Pauly et al. 1998; Pandolfi et al. 2003; [NAME]. 2006; Worm et al. 2006; [NAME]. 2008). // The rapidly expanding influence of EBM may be grounded in a sense of urgency and frustration promoted by a sense of failure by ICM and fisheries management to slow or reverse the decline of critical habitats and associated marine organisms on a broad scale (Beatley et al. 2002; Pandolfi et al 2003; [NAME]. 2006; New York Times 2006; Worm et al. 2006; Rosenthal 2008) // Increasingly, with the development of spatially explicit global datasets and global information system (GIS) enabled presentations, important large ecological changes have been discerned (Pauly et al. 2005; Worm et al. 2006; [NAME]. 2008). | Intro / Discussion | No | University of Washington | No | 0 | 1.927
120 | Fisheries | >5 | 2009 | No | 1 | Female | Canada | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Chu, C. 2009. Thirty years later: the global growth of ITQs and their influence on stock status in marine fisheries. Fish and Fisheries 10:217-230. | Yes | Fish and Fisheries | Fisheries | Canada | Many marine fish stocks are in decline worldwide. The collapses of what were once thought to be inexhaustible resources such as Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua, Gadidae), and high-profile species such as northern bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus, [NAME]) are well publicized because their declines have far reaching ecological and socioeconomic consequences (Hutchings 2000; [NAME] et al. 2002; Worm et al. 2006). | Intro | No | Trent University | No | 0 | 5.8
121 | Other | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | [NAME], [NAME] and [NAME]. 2008. The oceanic crisis - Capitalism and the degradation of marine ecosystems. Monthly Review-an Independent Socialist Magazine 60:91-111. | Yes | Monthly Review-an Independent Socialist Magazine | Other | USA | The severity of the situation is that if current practices and rates of fish capture continue marine ecosystems and fisheries around the world could collapse by the year 2050.[47] | Discussion | No | North Carolina State University | No | 0 | 0.458
122 | Conservation | 3-5 | 2010 | No | 2 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 2 | No | Yes | No | Claudet, [NAME] and S. Fraschetti. 2010. Human-driven impacts on marine habitats: A regional meta-analysis in the Mediterranean Sea. Biological Conservation 143:2195-2206. | Yes | Biological Conservation | Conservation | Italy | potentially leading to a complete loss of the goods and services derived from those ecosystems by humans ([NAME], 1994; Costanza and Mageau, 1999; Chapin et al., 2000; [NAME] et al., 2001; Worm et al., 2006). // although low sample sizes can be common in meta-analyses based on experiments taken from the literature (Worm et al., 2006). | Intro / Discussion | No | University of Salento | No | 0 | 4.115
123 | Conservation | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 3 | Male | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Claudet, J., P. Lenfant, and [NAME]. 2010. Snorkelers impact on fish communities and algae in a temperate marine protected area. Biodiversity and Conservation 19:1649-1658. | Yes | Biodiversity and Conservation | Conservation | Italy | but over the past 30 years, increased flows of population worldwide on coastal areas led to high anthropogenic pressure, affecting the sustainability of these areas and their ability to provide goods and services (Worm et al. 2006; Mora 2008) | Intro | No | University of Salento | No | 0 | 2.238
124 | Fisheries | 2-3 | 2009 | No | 3 | Female | Other | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], S., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Evidence of the top - down role of predators in structuring sublittoral rocky-reef communities in a Marine Protected Area and nearby areas of the Canary Islands. Ices Journal of Marine Science 66:64-71. | Yes | ICES Journal of Marine Science | Fisheries | Canary Islands | in agreement with the worldwide trend in declining fishery resources in the past few decades (Pauly et al., 1998; Worm et al., 2006). | Discussion | No | [NAME] | No | 0 | 2.007
125 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2011 | No | 3 | Female | Other | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], S., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Context-dependent effects of marine protected areas on predatory interactions. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 437:119-133. | Yes | Marine Ecology-Progress Series | Ecology | Canary Islands | In marine environments, fishing activities have historically targeted large-bodied predators, in many cases leading to severe population declines or even extinctions ([NAME]. 2001, Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | [NAME] | No | 0 | 2.711
126 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 4 | Female | Other | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | 3 | No | Yes | Yes | [NAME], S., [NAME], A. Rodriguez, and [NAME]. 2010. Identifying keystone predators and the importance of preserving functional diversity in sublittoral rocky-bottom areas. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 413:55-67. | Yes | Marine Ecology-Progress Series | Ecology | Canary Islands | Protecting ecosystem processes is imperative not only to conserve the system, but also to maintain the subset of ecological functions that are directly relevant to humans and provide valuable services (De Groot et al. 2002, Worm et al. 2006). // including depletion in the fish communities in line with the global trend (Worm et al. 2006) // However, our results, as well as other studies ([NAME]. 2003, Worm et al. 2006), suggest that functional redundancy may be rare within a given trophic level. | Intro / Discussion | No | [NAME] | No | 0 | 2.711
127 | Other | 2-3 | 2009 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Clements, [NAME] and [NAME]. 2009. COMMUNITY RESPONSES TO CONTAMINANTS: USING BASIC ECOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES TO PREDICT ECOTOXICOLOGICAL EFFECTS. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 28:1789-1800. | Yes | Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry | Other | USA | Ecotoxicological applications: Measurement and assessment endpoints in ecological risk assessment [125,133–136] | Intro | No | Colorado State University | No | 0 | 2.809
128 | Ecology | >5 | 2008 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 2 | No | No | No | Cloern, J. E. and [NAME]. 2008. Complex seasonal patterns of primary producers at the land-sea interface. Ecology Letters 11:1294-1303. | Yes | Ecology Letters | Ecology | USA | Connectivity to land further implies time-varying inputs of fresh water and sediments and strong influence from the myriad human disturbances that are focused in the coastal zone (Harley et al. 2006; Worm et al. 2006). // Coastal marine ecosystems, and the vital ecological and socio-economic services they provide, are at risk from anthropogenic climate change (Harley et al. 2006; Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | US Geological Survey | No | 0 | 17.557
129 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2007 | No | 4 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 1 | No | No | No | Cloern, J. E., [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2007. A cold phase of the East Pacific triggers new phytoplankton blooms in San Francisco Bay. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 104:18561-18565. | Yes | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | Multidisciplinary | USA | Estuaries are the most degraded marine ecosystems (12), and recent assessments highlight the growing environmental and societal costs of this degradation (27) | Discussion | No | US Geological Survey | No | 0 | 9.681
130 | Other | 2-3 | 2012 | No | 5 | Female | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | Clonan, A., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. The dilemma of healthy eating and environmental sustainability: the case of fish. Public Health Nutrition 15:277-284. | Yes | Public Health Nutrition | Other | United Kingdom | Increasing supply is, however, problematic as the marine ecosystem is already being exploited to such an extent that it is projected that worldwide fish stocks will be depleted by 2050 (36). | Discussion | No | University of Nottingham | No | 0 | 2.169
131 | Other | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 2 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 2 | No | No | Yes | Cognetti, [NAME] and F. Maltagliati. 2010. Ecosystem service provision: An operational way for marine biodiversity conservation and management. Marine Pollution Bulletin 60:1916-1923. | Yes | Marine Pollution Bulletin | Other | Italy | From a global perspective, biodiversity conservation may have a parallel path with long-term economic development, as both must be viewed as interdependent societal goals (Worm et al., 2006; Palumbi et al., 2009). // Management plans dealing with fisheries, pollution control, and marine protected areas should therefore take into account the fact that high diversity of ecosystems, species and populations may favour the maintenance and recovery of ESs [ecosystem services] (Worm et al., 2006). | Conclusions | No | [NAME] Marina e Ecologia | No | 0 | 2.503
132 | Other | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 1 | Male | USA | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Coker, [NAME]. Reinventing Life: Introductory Biology for a Rapidly Evolving World. American Biology Teacher 71:281-284. | Yes | American Biology Teacher | Other | USA | Human impacts on the environment are also driving declines in ecosystem services (Worm et al. 2006; Schroter et al., 2005), as well as political, economic, and social shifts throughout the world. | Intro | No | Elon University | No | 0 | 0.133
133 | Biology | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 7 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Coll, J., R. Abad, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. STATE OF FISH POPULATIONS AND INFLUENCE ON THE TRAMMEL NET FISHERY AT THREE BALEARIC ISLAND (WESTERN MEDITERRANEAN) ARTIFICIAL REEFS A DECADE AFTER THEIR DEPLOYMENT. Bulletin of Marine Science 85:77-100. | Yes | [NAME] | Biology | Spain | This would be in agreement with the observed gradient [in anthropogenic fishing pressure] at Mallorca-Formentera and with the general evolution of current fisheries (Jukic-Peladic et al., 2001; Lleonart and Maynou, 2003; Myers and Worm, 2003; [NAME], 2004; Worm et al., 2006). | Discussion | No | Direcció General de Pesca | No | 0 | 1.148
134 | Multidisciplinary | 3-5 | 2008 | No | 5 | Female | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | 2 | No | Yes | Yes | Coll, M., S. Libralato, [NAME], I. Palomera, and [NAME]. 2008. Ecosystem Overfishing in the Ocean. [NAME] One 3. | Yes | [NAME] One | Multidisciplinary | Spain | Fisheries can […] and modify the structure and function of marine ecosystems [5,6] // These results confirm previous concerns about the sustainability of fishing activities at a global scale [5–6,8,16,30] | Intro | No | Institut de Cie`nces del Mar | No | 0 | 4.092
135 | Ecology | 3-5 | 2008 | Yes | 3 | Female | Canada | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Coll, M., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Structural degradation in Mediterranean Sea food webs: Testing ecological hypotheses using stochastic and mass-balance modelling. Ecosystems 11:939-960. | Yes | Ecosystems | Ecology | Canada | that have the potential to affect the structure and functioning of marine ecosystems and impair the maintenance of goods and services provided to humans (for example, Margalef 1968; Odum 1969, 1985; Pauly and others 1998; [NAME] and [NAME] 2001; Pauly and others 2002; Cury and others 2003; Lotze and others 2005; Jackson 2006; Worm and others 2006). | Intro | No | Dalhousie University | No | 1 | 3.495
136 | Multidisciplinary | 3-5 | 2008 | No | 6 | Female | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Company, [NAME], [NAME], F. Sarda, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Climate Influence on Deep Sea Populations. [NAME] One 3. | Yes | [NAME] One | Multidisciplinary | Spain | Among the overexploited stocks worldwide [14,15] | Intro | No | Institut de Cie`ncies [NAME] Cientı´ficas | No | 0 | 4.092
137 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 2 | Female | Europe | No | No | No | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], [NAME] and [NAME]. 2010. Fisheries yield and primary productivity in large marine ecosystems. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 410:233-244. | Yes | Marine Ecology-Progress Series | Ecology | Italy | from 66 LMEs around the world, accounting for 83% of the global fisheries yield (Worm et al. 2006). | Methods | Yes | Tuscia University | No | 0 | 2.711
138 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 4 | Male | Canada | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Cooke, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Is there a need for a '100 questions exercise' to enhance fisheries and aquatic conservation, policy, management and research? Lessons from a global 100 questions exercise on conservation of biodiversity. Journal of Fish Biology 76:2261-2286. | Yes | Journal of Fish Biology | Fisheries | Canada | Fishes are integral components of aquatic ecosystems (both freshwater and marine), structuring communities and influencing a range of ecosystem processes and services (e.g. food chain dynamics, nutrient cycling and ecosystem resilience; Holmlund & Hammer, 1999; Worm et al., 2006). | Discussion | No | Carleton University | No | 0 | 1.685
139 | Ecology | >5 | 2007 | No | 3 | Female | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Costantini, F., C. Fauvelot, and [NAME]. 2007. Genetic structuring of the temperate gorgonian coral (Corallium rubrum) across the western Mediterranean Sea revealed by microsatellites and nuclear sequences. Molecular Ecology 16:5168-5182. | Yes | Molecular Ecology | Ecology | Italy | Owing primarily to this disturbance, biogenic reefs in tropical and temperate habitats have suffered long-term degradation affecting both species and genetic diversities ([NAME]. 2002; Hughes et al. 2002; Pandolfi et al. 2003; Bellwood et al. 2004; Worm et al. 2006). | Intro | No | University of Bologna | No | 0 | 5.522
140 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2008 | No | 3 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 4 | Yes | Yes | No | Costello, C., S. D. Gaines, and [NAME]. 2008. Can catch shares prevent fisheries collapse? Science 321:1678-1681. | Yes | Science | Multidisciplinary | USA | and global collapses in large predatory fishes (4) and other trophic levels (5) in all large marine ecosystems (LMEs) (6). // We matched this institutional database to the same harvest database (18) used to assess fisheries collapse by Worm et al. (6) // In their widely cited contribution, Worm et al. (6) correlate the species richness of LMEs with fisheries collapse. They define a fishery as collapsed in year t if the harvest in year t is <10% of the maximum recorded harvest up to year t. Using this definition, ~27% of the world’s fisheries were collapsed in 2003. Extrapolating this trend into the future, Worm et al. (6) find that 100% of the world’s fisheries could be collapsed by 2048. // We adopt the Worm et al. (6) definition of collapse. | Intro / Discussion | No | University of California, Santa Barbara | No | 0 | 32.452
141 | Other | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 2 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Costello, C. and [NAME]. 2010. Marine protected areas in spatial property-rights fisheries*. Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 54:321-341. | Yes | Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics | Economics | USA | The collapse of many of the world’s fisheries (Jackson et al. 2001; Myers and Worm 2003; Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | University of California, Santa Barbara | No | 0 | 1.061
142 | Other | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 4 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 8 | Yes | Yes | No | Costello, C., J. Lynham, [NAME], and S. D. Gaines. 2010. Economic Incentives and Global Fisheries Sustainability. Pages 299-318 in [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME], editors. Annual Review of Resource Economics, Vol 2, 2010. | Yes | Annual Review of Resource Economics | Economics | USA | The widespread collapse of fisheries that predominantly employ these forms of regulation has been well documented (Worm et al. 2006 and references therein). // In a widely cited contribution, Worm et al. (2006) document the alarming rate at which fisheries worldwide are collapsing. On the basis of a simple extrapolation of the observed collapse trend, they predict that all the world’s fisheries may collapse by 2048. A natural interpretation is that the form of management most often observed globally (common pool fisheries management) is failing to prevent fisheries from collapsing. However, the focus of the study was on the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem health, not on the role of fisheries management. // To this end, we combined the same global database of catch statistics used in the Worm et al. (2006) analysis with an institutional database. // We use the same metric of fisheries sustainability as Worm et al.: A fishery is defined as collapsed in year t if harvest in year t is less than 10% of the maximum recorded harvest up to year t. // Costello et al. (2008) used the harvest database assembled by Worm et al. (2006) to assess fisheries collapse [NAME] et al. garnered high levels of scientific and media attention, including considerable controversy surrounding their prediction that all the world’s fisheries may be collapsed by 2048 (Holker et al. 2007, [NAME], Wilberg & Miller 2007). // They point out that the criterion for collapse used by [NAME]. (2008) andWorm et [NAME]. (2006), which defines a fishery as collapsed when the catch declines 10% below the historical maximum to date, means that any policy that stabilizes catch will reduce the probability of collapse. // Worm et al. (2009) have collated the data to answer the first question, so it is poised to be answered. | Discussion | No | University of California, Santa Barbara | No | 0 | 1.745
143 | Other | 2-3 | 2008 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Costello, C. and [NAME]. 2008. Optimal harvesting of stochastic spatial resources. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 56:1-18. | Yes | Journal of Environmental Economics and Management | Economics | USA | Five decades hence, despite countless subsequent contributions by economists, many renewable resources are—by any performance measure—patently worse-off than they were in the 1950s [52,33,25]. | Intro | No | University of California, Santa Barbara | No | 0 | 2.169
144 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2010 | Yes | 6 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Costello, C., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. The value of spatial information in MPA network design. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 107:18294-18299. | Yes | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | Multidisciplinary | USA | Broad patterns of resource decline, increasing conflicts in coastal zones among competing users, and pressures from a complex set of human impacts are some of the reasons policy makers are turning to spatial management as an evolving paradigm for ocean policy (1, 2). | Intro | No | University of California, Santa Barbara | No | 1 | 9.681
145 | Biology | >5 | 2011 | No | 1 | Female | Canada | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Cote, [NAME]. Conservation Biology: The Many Ways to Protect Biodiversity. Current Biology 21:R468-R470. | Yes | Current Biology | Biology | Canada | Technology has improved to the point where virtually every part of the world’s oceans is now accessible to fishing and many fish stocks have been exhausted [1,2]. | Intro | No | [NAME] University | No | 0 | 9.647
146 | Other | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 2 | Female | Canada | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | Cottee, [NAME] and [NAME]. 2009. Animal Welfare and Organic Aquaculture in Open Systems. Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Ethics 22:437-461. | Yes | Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Ethics | Other | Canada | If maintained at their current yields, fisheries face uncertain futures, with predictions of global collapse by 2048 of all currently fished species (Worm et al. 2006). | Intro | No | University of Guelph | No | 0 | 1.109
147 | Other | >5 | 2011 | No | 3 | Female | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Coulthard, S., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Poverty, sustainability and human wellbeing: A social wellbeing approach to the global fisheries crisis. Global Environmental Change-Human and Policy Dimensions 21:453-463. | Yes | Global Environmental Change-Human and Policy Dimensions | Other | Northern Ireland | This shift in thinking [from being perceived as inexhaustible, to fisheries as a sector in crisis] has come none too soon given the ecological vulnerability of fisheries ecosystems (Pauly et al., 1998; [NAME] et al., 2001; Myers and Worm, 2003; Worm et al., 2006). | Intro | No | University of Ulster | No | 0 | 6.868
148 | Ecology | None | 2009 | Yes | 4 | Female | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | Crain, C. M., [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Understanding and [NAME] to the Coastal Marine Environment. Pages 39-62 in [NAME] and [NAME], editors. Year in Ecology and Conservation Biology 2009. | Yes | Year in Ecology and Conservation Biology | Ecology | USA | and that most current fisheries will collapse in the next 50 years if management strategies are not altered (Worm et al. 2006). | Discussion | No | University of California, Santa Cruz | No | 1 | None
149 | Ecology | >5 | 2008 | Yes | 3 | Female | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Crain, C. M., K. Kroeker, and [NAME]. 2008. Interactive and cumulative effects of multiple human stressors in marine systems. Ecology Letters 11:1304-1315. | Yes | Ecology Letters | Ecology | USA | Perhaps most notably, the paucity of studies that have carefully controlled for and tested the direct effect of fishing and how it interacts with other stressors is a critical research need given the demonstrated importance of fishing in changing marine ecosystems (Worm et al. 2006). | Discussion | No | University of California, Santa Cruz | No | 1 | 17.557
150 | Ecology | >5 | 2008 | No | 6 | Male | USA | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | 2 | No | Yes | No | Crowder, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. The Impacts of Fisheries on Marine Ecosystems and the Transition to Ecosystem-Based Management. Pages 259-278  Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics. | Yes | Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics | Ecology | USA | Fishing, in concert with other anthropogenic drivers of change, has resulted in a staggering loss of biodiversity (Worm et al. 2006) and may have unforeseen effects that propagate throughout ecosystems. // Food web alterations can result in trophic cascades, regime shifts, or, in the worst case, ecosystem collapse (Mangel & Levin 2005, National Research Council 2006, Worm et al. 2006). | Intro / Discussion | No | Duke University | No | 0 | 14.373
151 | Other | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 4 | Female | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Molecular cloning, tissue expression and regulation of liver X Receptor (LXR) transcription factors of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology 153:81-88. | Yes | Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology | Other | Spain | Around one third of fish in the human food basket are now farmed and, with global fisheries generally in decline, this proportion is showing an ever-increasing trend (FAO, 2006; Worms et al., 2006). | Intro | No | [NAME] | No | 0 | 1.923
152 | Policy | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 2 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Curtin, R. and [NAME]. 2010. Understanding marine ecosystem based management: A literature review. Marine Policy 34:821-830. | Yes | Marine Policy | Policy | Spain | Loss of biodiversity in the world’s oceans is increasingly impairing their ability to provide a range of services including seafood production, the filtration of pollutants and the maintenance of water quality among others [60]. | Conclusions | No | AZTI-Tecnalia | No | 0 | 1.865
153 | Fisheries | 2-3 | 2011 | No | 4 | Male | Europe | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | 4 | Yes | Yes | No | Daan, N., [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Apocalypse in world fisheries? The reports of their death are greatly exaggerated. Ices Journal of Marine Science 68:1375-1378. | Yes | ICES Journal of Marine Science | Fisheries | The Netherlands | The prediction by Worm et al. (2006) that by 2048 all commercially exploited stocks will have collapsed through continuing overexploitation became a focal point for public and media concern about the state of world fisheries. // Worm et al. (2006) based their evaluation on the premise that a reported catch that is 10% of the historical maximum is a valid criterion for designating a stock as being in a collapsed state // Moreover, no rationale for choosing the specific 10 and 50% criteria (relative to the maximum historical catch) to define the stock-status classes has been provided by Worm et al. (2006) or [NAME]. (2008) // As noted by [NAME] and [NAME] (2007), Worm et al. (2006) “seem to suggest that maximum historic catch represents an achievable and sustainable target for fisheries management”. | Intro / Methods / Discussion | Yes | [NAME], 6621KH Dreumel | No | 0 | 2.007
154 | Biology | >5 | 2008 | No | 8 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 3 | No | No | Yes | Danovaro, R., [NAME], A. Dell'Anno, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], M. Vincx, and [NAME]. 2008. Exponential decline of deep-sea ecosystem functioning linked to benthic biodiversity loss. Current Biology 18:1-8. | Yes | Current Biology | Biology | Italy | The global scale of the biodiversity crisis has stimulated investigations that explore the relationships between biodiversity (expressed as the number, identity, and relative abundance of species), productivity, stability, and services in different ecosystems of the world [1–5]. // Empirical and theoretical studies increasingly argue that biodiversity regulates the ecosystem functions that are responsible for the production of these goods and services [2, 4, 16, 17, 28]. // If the mechanisms that have been widely demonstrated in a number of studies [2, 4, 12, 16] can be applied in the deep sea, then reductions of biodiversity might be associated with exponential reductions of ecosystem functions. | Intro / Discussion | No | Polytechnic University of Marche | No | 0 | 9.647
155 | Other | 2-3 | 2007 | No | 2 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 2 | No | No | Yes | Danovaro, R. and A. Pusceddu. 2007. Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in coastal lagoons: Does microbial diversity play any role? [NAME] and Shelf Science 75:4-12. | Yes | Estuarine Coastal and [NAME] | Other | Italy | Recent studies, indeed, have suggested that the biodiversity decrease might reduce ecosystems’ services through feedback mechanisms (Worm et al., 2006) // Marine ecosystems are experiencing impacts of unprecedented intensity and frequency, which can directly and indirectly cause alterations of biodiversity, structure and organization of marine assemblages (Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | Polytechnic University of Marche | No | 0 | 2.247
156 | Ecology | 0-2 | 2007 | No | 2 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Danovaro, R. and A. Pusceddu. 2007. Ecomanagement of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in the Mediterranean Sea: concerns and strategies. Chemistry and Ecology 23:347-360. | Yes | Chemistry and Ecology | Ecology | Italy | The hypothesis that a loss of biodiversity might threaten an ecosystems’ functioning, thus reducing ecosystems’ services and value, postulated at the end of the 1990s [23] has recently been demonstrated for marine ecosystems [24] | Discussion | No | Università Politecnica delle Marche | No | 0 | 0.615
157 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2012 | No | 8 | Female | Other | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], A. D., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Drivers and hotspots of extinction risk in marine mammals. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 109:3395-3400. | Yes | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | Multidisciplinary | Mexico | Human activities are polluting, warming, and acidifying the oceans, melting sea ice, overharvesting fisheries, and altering entire food webs (1–4). | Intro | No | Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México | No | 0 | 9.681
158 | Policy | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 4 | Male | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Davies, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Defining and estimating global marine fisheries bycatch. Marine Policy 33:661-672. | Yes | Marine Policy | Policy | Switzerland | One of the most urgent threats to the world’s remaining fish stocks is commercial fishing [1–3] | Intro | No | WWF International | No | 0 | 1.865
159 | Policy | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 2 | Male | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 2 | No | No | Yes | Davies, [NAME] and [NAME]. 2010. Banking on cod: Exploring economic incentives for recovering Grand Banks and North Sea cod fisheries. Marine Policy 34:92-98. | Yes | Marine Policy | Policy | Switzerland | Loss of marine biodiversity is now degrading the ecological health of the world’s oceans and impairing their capacity to provide food [4]. // There is now a substantial body of evidence linking biodiversity conservation to fisheries recovery and economic rejuvenation [2,4,9–11]. | Intro | No | WWF International | No | 0 | 1.865
160 | Other | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 4 | Female | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], A., [NAME], M. Vincx, and [NAME]. 2010. The role of biophysical interactions within the ijzermonding tidal flat sediment dynamics. Continental Shelf Research 30:1166-1179. | Yes | Continental Shelf Research | Other | Belgium | They [estuarine mudflats] are areas of both ecological and economic importance and are increasingly threatened by climatic and anthropogenic pressures (Dyer etal., 2000; Worm et al., 2006). | Intro | No | Ghent University | No | 0 | 2.088
161 | Fisheries | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 4 | Female | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | [NAME] [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. South American sea lion and spiny dogfish predation on artisanal catches of southern hake in fjords of Chilean Patagonia. Ices Journal of Marine Science 67:294-303. | Yes | ICES Journal of Marine Science | Fisheries | Spain | and the global decline of fish populations, mainly through overfishing (Worm et al., 2006). | Intro | No | Universidad de Ca´diz | No | 0 | 2.007
162 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2008 | No | 4 | Female | USA | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | 4 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], K., [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Reanalyses of Gulf of Mexico fisheries data: Landings can be misleading in assessments of fisheries and fisheries ecosystems. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 105:2740-2744. | Yes | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | Multidisciplinary | USA | We also investigated GOM landings data in reference to predictions of near-future collapses of fish populations analyzed in a high-profile article by Worm et al. (9). In this article, collapses were defined as a reduction in landings of a species to 10% of any previous annual catch level. // In contrast, almost 80% of GOM fisheries cumulatively would be designated as having collapsed ([NAME]. 2) by Worm et al. (9) based solely on the 10% criterion, absent any management context. // We reanalyzed fishery collapses with the GOM landings data using the same algorithm to define a collapse as had Worm et al. (9) where collapse was defined as a reduction in landings by 90% from any previous annual catch level. // We then eliminated instances where the Worm et al. (9) algorithm gave a false positive when changes in regulations, market forces, or commercial fishing effort were primarily responsible for reductions in fishery catches. | Intro / Methods / Discussion | Yes | Louisiana State University | No | 0 | 9.681
163 | Other | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 11 | Male | Other | No | No | No | Yes | No | 2 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], P., D. Lluch-Belda, R. Carmona, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], O. Trujillo-Millan, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Extinctions in the sea: Myths and realities. [NAME]. [in spanish] | Yes | [NAME] | Other | Mexico | The most extreme and undesirable effects of these factors and other activities, acting individually or jointly together are the extinction of species and corresponding environmental costs, effects that reduce the quality and quantity of goods and services we get from our environment natural (Worm et al., 2006). / / And still are allowing research to develop a theoretical framework regarding the significance of this loss on ecosystems (Solan et al., 2004, [NAME], 2005, Worm et al., 2006). | Discussion | No | Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CICIMAR-IPN) | No | 0 | 0.308
164 | Multidisciplinary | 3-5 | 2012 | No | 3 | Male | Other | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Doi, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. [NAME] and Metabolic Rate Predict the Long-Term Decay Process of Radioactive Cesium in Fish: A Meta-Analysis. [NAME] One 7. | Yes | [NAME] One | Multidisciplinary | Japan | Traditionally, higher trophic-level species are frequently fishery species that are collected and consumed by humans [26]. | Discussion | No | Hiroshima University | No | 0 | 4.092
165 | Fisheries | 2-3 | 2011 | No | 7 | Male | Canada | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Donaldson, [NAME] [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Contrasting Global Game Fish and Non-Game Fish Species. Fisheries 36:385-397. | Yes | Fisheries | Fisheries | Canada | The intensive commercial harvest of fishes has been implicated in the widespread declines of fish populations worldwide ([NAME] et al. 2003; [NAME]. 2003; [NAME] et al. 2003; Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | Carleton University | No | 0 | 2.367
166 | Other | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 8 | Male | Other | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | dos Santos, [NAME], [NAME], E. Torezani, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Relationship between fibropapillomatosis and environmental quality: a case study with Chelonia mydas off Brazil. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 89:87-95. | Yes | Diseases of Aquatic Organisms | Other | Brazil | The development of coastal regions is exerting increasing adverse impact on coastal ecosystems, sometimes leading to the exclusion or extinction of species (Daszak et al. 2000, Worm et al. 2006). | Intro | No | Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo | No | 0 | 2.201
167 | Other | 3-5 | 2007 | No | 4 | Female | Canada | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | [NAME], [NAME] [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2007. Comprehensive EST analysis of Atlantic halibut ([NAME] hippoglossus), a commercially relevant aquaculture species. Bmc Genomics 8. | Yes | BMC Genomics | Other | Canada | With the general worldwide decline in the wild fishery, and the predicted global collapse of all currently fished species by the year 2048 [1] | Intro | No | Institute for Marine Biosciences | No | 0 | 4.073
168 | Ecology | >5 | 2008 | Yes | 3 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Douglass, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Herbivore and predator diversity interactively affect ecosystem properties in an experimental marine community. Ecology Letters 11:598-608. | Yes | Ecology Letters | Ecology | USA | This supports the balanced diet hypothesis ([NAME] 1998; Gamfeldt et al. 2005), which appears to hold in many marine consumers (Worm et al. 2006; Stachowicz et al. 2007) | Discussion | No | College of William and [NAME] | No | 1 | 17.557
169 | Other | 3-5 | 2010 | Yes | 4 | Male | USA | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Douglass, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Seasonal and interannual change in a Chesapeake Bay eelgrass community: Insights into biotic and abiotic control of community structure. Limnology and Oceanography 55:1499-1520. | Yes | Limnology and Oceanography | Oceanography | USA | Seagrasses form productive and species-rich habitats in coastal areas throughout the world (Hemminga and Duarte 2000), where they contribute to human well-being by stabilizing sediments, improving water quality, and enhancing fisheries resources (Worm et al. 2006). | Intro | No | Virginia Institute of Marine Science | No | 1 | 3.416
170 | Policy | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 1 | Female | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Douvere, F. 2008. The importance of marine spatial planning in advancing ecosystem-based sea use management. Marine Policy 32:762-771. | Yes | Marine Policy | Policy | France | Last year, a group of leading scientists concluded in Science that, ‘‘the loss of marine biodiversity is increasingly impairing the ocean’s ability to produce seafood, resist diseases, filter pollutants, maintain water quality and recover from perturbations such as over-fishing and climate change’’ [6]. | Discussion | No | UNESCO | No | 0 | 1.865
171 | Policy | 3-5 | 2009 | No | 2 | Female | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Douvere, F. and [NAME]. 2009. New perspectives on sea use management: Initial findings from European experience with marine spatial planning. Journal of Environmental Management 90:77-88. | Yes | Journal of Environmental Management | Policy | France | Recently a group of leading scientists concluded in Science that ‘the loss of marine biodiversity is increasingly impairing the oceans’ ability to produce seafood, resist diseases, filter pollutants, maintain water quality and recover from perturbations such as over-fishing and climate change.’ (Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | UNESCO | No | 0 | 3.245
172 | Other | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 3 | Female | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Draughon, L. D., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Are filtration rates for the rough tunicate Styela plicata independent of weight or size? Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part a-Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering 45:168-176. | Yes | Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part a-Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering | Other | USA | Agricultural run-off of fertilizers and pesticides result in eutrophication[3,4,7-9] | Intro | No | Florida Atlantic University | No | 0 | 1.19
173 | Conservation | 3-5 | 2008 | No | 4 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Endemism and regional color and genetic differences in five putatively cosmopolitan reef fishes. Conservation Biology 22:965-975. | Yes | Conservation Biology | Conservation | USA | This complexity combined with the critical state of decline in marine ecosystems (Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | Boston University | No | 0 | 4.692
174 | Other | 2-3 | 2009 | No | 4 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Duarte, [NAME] [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Return to Neverland: Shifting Baselines Affect Eutrophication Restoration Targets. Estuaries and Coasts 32:29-36. | Yes | Estuaries and Coasts | Other | Spain | Fish and invertebrate taxa lost from large marine ecosystems (% relative to 1950) 5–17% (1970) 20–80% (2005); disruption of food webs and ecosystem processes Worm et al. (2006) | Discussion | No | Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados | No | 0 | 2.109
175 | Ecology | >5 | 2007 | Yes | 6 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 3 | No | No | Yes | Duffy, [NAME] [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2007. The functional role of biodiversity in ecosystems: incorporating trophic complexity. Ecology Letters 10:522-538. | Yes | Ecology Letters | Ecology | USA | Increasing prey richness increases consumer performance (balanced diet hypothesis) [Empirical test Worm et al. 2006] // Several empirical studies are consistent with the balanced diet hypothesis in that mixed diets of primary producers enhanced herbivore growth and biomass accumulation compared with single-species diets (e.g. [NAME] 1998; [NAME] et al. 2003; Worm et al. 2006). // using biogeographic comparisons that detail the natural ecological associations between species diversity and productivity of large-scale, whole ecosystems (e.g. Worm et al. 2006); | Discussion | No | College of William and [NAME] | Yes | 1 | 17.557
176 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 2 | Male | Other | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | 2 | No | No | Yes | Dumont, [NAME] F. D'Incao. 2011. By-catch analysis of Argentinean prawn Artemesia longinaris ([NAME]: Penaeidae) in surrounding area of Patos Lagoon, southern Brazil: effects of different rainfall. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 91:1059-1072. | Yes | Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom | Fisheries | Brazil | Recently, much interest has been shown related to the ecosystem-based management, which is intended to evaluate the effects of fishing on the entire community and not only on the target species (Vasconcellos & Gasalla, 2001; Hall & Mainprize, 2005; Zeller & Pauly, 2005; Worm et al., 2006). // Recent experiments showed that ecosystems presenting higher diversity have more ability to withstand environmental disturbances and to recover from unfavourable events (Worm et al., 2006). | Intro & Discussion | No | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande | No | 0 | 1
177 | Biology | >5 | 2009 | No | 2 | Female | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], [NAME] [NAME]. 2009. Cascading extinctions and community collapse in model food webs. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences 364:1711-1723. | Yes | Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences | Biology | USA | The threat of extensive current and future biodiversity loss [...omitted...] including implications for ecosystem properties, services and functioning (Naeem et al. 1994; Chapin et al. 2000; Solan et al. 2004; Zavaleta & Hulvey 2004; Bunker et al. 2005; [NAME] et [NAME]. 2006; Worm et al. 2006). | Intro | No | Santa Fe Institute | No | 0 | 6.401
178 | Conservation | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 14 | Male | USA | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and R. Mugo. 2008. Key biodiversity areas as globally significant target sites for the conservation of marine biological diversity. Aquatic Conservation-Marine and [NAME] 18:969-983. | Yes | Aquatic Conservation-Marine and [NAME] | Conservation | USA | Central to conservation planning is the question: ‘How can the locations of protected areas be best identified?’ This question is particularly pertinent within the field of marine planning given increasing recognition of the extent of deterioration in the marine environment and the potential importance of the role of marine protected areas (MPAs) ([NAME] and [NAME], 1999; [NAME], 2003; Glover and Earle, 2004; Worm et al., 2006). | Intro | No | Conservation International | No | 0 | 1.929
179 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 5 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Eggleston, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Pilot evaluation of early juvenile blue crab stock enhancement using a replicated BACI design. Reviews in Fisheries Science 16:91-100. | Yes | Reviews in Fisheries Science | Fisheries | USA | The continuous global decline of major fishery species (Food and Agriculture Organization [FAO] Report, 2001; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | North Carolina State University | No | 0 | 1.946
180 | Policy | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 5 | Female | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Ekstrom, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. MINOE: A Software Tool to Analyze Ocean Management Efforts in the Context of Ecosystems. Coastal Management 38:457-473. | Yes | Coastal Management | Policy | USA | There has been an increased effort to compile, model, and synthesize ecological and biophysical data (Dunn & Halpin, 2009; [NAME], 2008; Myers & Worm, 2003; Worm et al., 2006). | Intro | No | Stanford University | No | 0 | 1.194
181 | Multidisciplinary | 3-5 | 2011 | No | 11 | Female | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Ellis, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Four Regional Marine Biodiversity Studies: Approaches and Contributions to Ecosystem-Based Management. [NAME] One 6. | Yes | [NAME] One | Multidisciplinary | USA | We note that globally, numerous studies have looked at human impacts on biodiversity composition and structure [161,162] | Discussion | No | University of Southern Maine | No | 0 | 4.092
182 | Policy | 0-2 | 2012 | No | 4 | Male | Other | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Emery, T. J., [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Are input controls required in individual transferable quota fisheries to address ecosystem based fisheries management objectives? Marine Policy 36:122-131. | Yes | Marine Policy | Policy | Australia | The ecosystem effects of marine fisheries are the subject of much scrutiny, in particular, the depletion of target fish stocks [29,30] | Intro | No | University of Tasmania | No | 0 | 1.865
183 | Multidisciplinary | 2-3 | 2011 | No | 7 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Eriksson, B. K., K. Sieben, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and U. Bergstrom. 2011. Effects of Altered Offshore Food Webs on Coastal Ecosystems Emphasize the Need for Cross-Ecosystem Management. [NAME]. | Yes | [NAME] | Multidisciplinary | The Netherlands | However, offshore fisheries and coastal exploitation are global forces that have had significant effects on continental seas world-wide (Lotze et al. 2006, Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | University of Groningen | No | 0 | 2.025
184 | Ecology | 3-5 | 2010 | No | 6 | Male | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 2 | No | Yes | Yes | Eriksson, B. K., [NAME], [NAME], T. Piersma, [NAME] der Veer, and [NAME]. 2010. Major Changes in the Ecology of the Wadden Sea: Human Impacts, Ecosystem Engineering and Sediment Dynamics. Ecosystems 13:752-764. | Yes | Ecosystems | Ecology | The Netherlands | Across the world, human dominated coastal ecosystems are losing populations and species at an accelerating rate, with a strong risk of permanent  impairment to key ecosystem functions and recovery potential ([NAME] and others 2006; Worm and others 2006). // Globally, as well as for the Wadden Sea, off-shore food-webs have undergone massive changes over the last decades due to overexploitation of the main fish stocks (Wolff 2005; Worm and others 2006). | Intro / Discussion | No | University of Groningen | No | 0 | 3.495
185 | Fisheries | 2-3 | 2011 | No | 6 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. The illusion of plenty: hyperstability masks collapses in two recreational fisheries that target fish spawning aggregations. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 68:1705-1716. | Yes | Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences | Fisheries | USA | Barred sand bass and kelp bass stocks in southern California have collapsed, based on the criteria set by several organizations and fisheries studies (Hutchings 2001; Worm et al. 2006; FAO 2009). | Discussion | No | Scripps Institution of Oceanography | No | 0 | 2.213
186 | Other | 2-3 | 2009 | No | 2 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Erlandsson, J. and [NAME]. 2009. Analysing influencing factors of corporate environmental information collection, management and communication. Journal of Cleaner Production 17:800-810. | Yes | Journal of Cleaner Production | Other | Sweden | although many fish stocks are being depleted to the verge of collapse [35]. | Discussion | No | Chalmers University of Technology | No | 0 | 2.727
187 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2008 | No | 1 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], [NAME]. Extinction as the loss of evolutionary history. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 105:11520-11527. | Yes | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | Multidisciplinary | USA | Ecological studies have demonstrated that the loss of biodiversity can imperil ecosystem services and functions (50–55), potentially leading to a negative feedback loop further reducing diversity. | Discussion | No | National Museum of Natural History | No | 0 | 9.681
188 | Other | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 3 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | Yes | [NAME], [NAME] [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. The pharmaceutical value of marine biodiversity for anti-cancer drug discovery. Ecological Economics 70:445-451. | Yes | Ecological Economics | Economics | USA | The resulting loss of marine biodiversity, triggered on a global scale by direct and indirect anthropogenic disturbances, has led to exponential reductions in service yield, resource devaluation and, if unabated, resource collapse (Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | University of North Carolina | No | 0 | 2.713
189 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 2 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 2 | No | Yes | No | Etnier, M. A. and [NAME]. 2010. [NAME] in Marine Mammal Diets as a Guide to Evolutionarily Enlightened Fisheries Management. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 30:588-603. | Yes | North American Journal of Fisheries Management | Fisheries | USA | An increasing number of studies suggests that in many cases, the commercial harvest of fish stocks is managed in a way that is not sustainable ([NAME] 2003; U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy 2004; Worm et al. 2006; [NAME]. 2007). // In most cases, commercial fishing as currently practiced in many of the world’s oceans is not sustainable over the long term; total removals are typically set at highly abnormal rates (Fowler 2008), and fishery collapses are increasingly evident (e.g., Worm et al. 2006). | Intro | No | Applied Osteology | No | 0 | 0.943
190 | Other | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 5 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Farley, J., A. Aquino, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Global mechanisms for sustaining and enhancing PES schemes. Ecological Economics 69:2075-2084. | Yes | Ecological Economics | Economics | USA | Abundant evidence suggests that biodiversity enhances both the productivity and stability of ecosystems, maintaining resilience in the presence of shocks and ensuring the continued provision of ecosystem services (Chapin et al., 1998; Gowdy, 1997; Naeem, 1998; Odum, 1989; Tilman and Downing, 1994; Worm et al., 2006). | Discussion | No | University of Vermont | No | 0 | 2.713
191 | Policy | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 4 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Farley, J., D. Batker, I. de la Torre, and [NAME]. 2010. [NAME] in the Philippines: Transcending Disciplinary and Institutional Borders. Environmental Management 45:39-51. | Yes | Environmental Management | Policy | USA | Both biodiversity and climate stability are almost certainly critical to the functioning of global ecosystems (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment 2005; Worm and others 2006). | Discussion | No | University of Vermont | No | 0 | 1.744
192 | Multidisciplinary | 3-5 | 2010 | No | 18 | Female | USA | No | No | Yes | No | No | 3 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], D., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. An Overview of Marine Biodiversity in United States Waters. [NAME] One 5. | Yes | [NAME] One | Multidisciplinary | USA | Specifically, there are impacts to tourism, loss of aesthetic and other cultural attributes, lowered property values, and increased health risks to humans and animals from harmful algal blooms and their toxins, infectious disease organisms, and chemical contaminants [6,7]. // Ecosystems can undergo rapid change in their ability to provide a range of ecosystem services as biodiversity changes [6] // While the ecological mechanisms linking biodiversity to sustained marine ecosystem function are not fully understood, it is clear that preserving biodiversity could be one important way to maintain continued provision of critical ecosystem services, including fisheries, water quality, and others [2,6]. | Intro | No | University of Kansas | No | 0 | 4.092
193 | Policy | 0-2 | 2007 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Fayram, [NAME] and [NAME]. 2007. The potential compatibility of offshore wind power and fisheries: An example using bluefin tuna in the Adriatic Sea. Ocean & Coastal Management 50:597-605. | Yes | Ocean & Coastal Management | Policy | USA | Increases in biodiversity and size of individual fish are undoubtedly beneficial in some regards […omitted...]and may add to the stability of ecosystems in general [37]. | Intro | No | Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources | No | 0 | 1.333
194 | Biology | 2-3 | 2007 | No | 1 | Male | Other | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Feary, D. A. 2007. The influence of resource specialization on the response of reef fish to coral disturbance. Marine Biology 153:153-161. | Yes | Marine Biology | Biology | Australia | There is increasing evidence of widespread global alteration and loss of shallow marine habitats (Watling and Norse 1998; [NAME] 2000; Kennish 2002; Thompson et al. 2002) and their associated biodiversity ([NAME] et al. 2002; [NAME]. 2003; Worm et al. 2006). | Intro | No | [NAME] University | No | 0 | 2.276
195 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2012 | No | 9 | Male | Other | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Field, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], R. D. Pillans, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Changes in size distributions of commercially exploited sharks over 25 years in northern Australia using a Bayesian approach. Fisheries Research 125:262-271. | Yes | Fisheries Research | Fisheries | Australia | The implications of removing these top-order predators and the potential effects on marine ecosystem function are poorly understood and as yet unresolved ([NAME], 2006; [NAME] et al., 2001; Myers et al., 2007; [NAME] et al., 2000a; Walker, 1998; Ward and Myers, 2005; Worm et al., 2006). | Intro | No | Macquarie University | No | 0 | 1.586
196 | Fisheries | >5 | 2009 | No | 4 | Male | Other | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Field, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Protein mining the world's oceans: Australasia as an example of illegal expansion-and-displacement fishing. Fish and Fisheries 10:323-328. | Yes | Fish and Fisheries | Fisheries | Australia | The spatial extent of anthropogenic threats to global marine biodiversity and ecosystem stability ([NAME] et al. 1993; [NAME]. 2008) is ever-increasing and threatens the livelihoods and services on which humanity depends (Worm et al. 2006). | Intro | No | [NAME] University | No | 0 | 5.8
197 | Biology | 2-3 | 2009 | No | 4 | Male | Other | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | 11 | No | Yes | Yes | Field, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. SUSCEPTIBILITY OF SHARKS, RAYS AND CHIMAERAS TO GLOBAL EXTINCTION. Pages 275-363 in D. W. Sims, editor. Advances in Marine Biology, Vol 56. | Yes | Advances in Marine Biology | Biology | Australia | marine habitats are likely to suffer increasing degradation and over-exploitation (Worm et al., 2006). // As a corollary, anthropogenic stresses and climatic changes have reduced the resilience of ecosystems in many locations around the globe by slowly degrading habitats and directly harvesting species, causing many ecosystems to switch unexpectedly into alternate states (Folke et al., 2004; Hughes et al., 2003; Nystrom et al., 2000; [NAME] et al., 2001; Worm et al., 2006). // and the abandonment of many coastal and oceanic fisheries ([NAME], 2004b, 2006; [NAME] and Kaiser, 1998; Pauly et al., 2002; [NAME], 2002, 2003; Worm et al., 2006). // There has also been much discussion and supposition regarding the impact of shark and ray removal on the marine ecosystems that support them ([NAME], 2006; [NAME] et al., 2001; [NAME] et al., 2000; Ward and Myers, 2005; Worm et al., 2006). // Some have gone so far as to suggest that many of the world’s shark populations are teetering on the brink of extinction, with catastrophic ecosystem change predicted as the logical corollary (Baum et al., 2003; Myers and Worm, 2003; Worm et al., 2006). // The biological and social effects of fishing exploitation are well documented ([NAME], 2000, 2004b; [NAME] and [NAME], 2004; Hutchings and Reynolds, 2004; [NAME] et al., 2001; [NAME] and Kaiser, 1998; [NAME], 1999; [NAME] et al., 2002; Pauly and Palomares, 2005; [NAME], 2006; [NAME] et al., 2000; Worm et al., 2006). // For example, a fishery has been labelled ‘collapsed’ when its catch in any year falls below 10% of the highest recorded catch (Worm et al., 2006) // with some definitions based again on arbitrarily set magnitudes of decline (e.g. >90% relative to baseline abundance; Worm et al., 2006). [NAME], the methods on which the conclusions were based have since been called into question (Baum et al., 2005; Burgess et al., 2005a,b; Worm et al., 2006) // The loss of predators in many ecosystems reduces species richness, leading to reduced community stability, lower productivity and nutrient cycling (Duffy, 2006; Schmitz, 2008; Schmitz et al., 2000; Stachowicz et al., 2007; Worm et al., 2006) // Worldwide, there is much concern regarding changes seen in marine environments through observed shifts in ecosystem composition and the subsequent loss of resources and ecosystem services (Hughes et al., 2005; Shurin et al., 2002; Worm et al., 2006).// As with other large species of predatory fishes, not only does their removal release prey populations from a major mortality source, the reduction in predators can sometimes have unexpected second- and third degree implications for non-prey species through trophic linkages (Baum and Worm, 2009; [NAME] et al., 2002; [NAME] et al., 2000) that can in turn affect ecosystem functions (Worm et al., 2006). | Intro / Discussion | No | [NAME] University | No | 0 | 2.043
198 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2008 | No | 2 | Female | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], [NAME] and [NAME]. 2008. Niche partitioning increases resource exploitation by diverse communities. Science 321:1488-1490. | Yes | Science | Multidisciplinary | USA | Recent experimental manipulations of species richness have revealed, across a broad range of real world ecological communities, a general pattern of greater resource exploitation when more species are present (7–9). | Discussion | No | Washington State University | No | 0 | 32.452
199 | Conservation | 3-5 | 2010 | No | 2 | Female | USA | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 3 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], [NAME] and [NAME]. 2010. Conserving the benefits of predator biodiversity. Biological Conservation 143:2260-2269. | Yes | Biological Conservation | Conservation | USA | Concern over the ecological, economic, and social consequences of these drastic changes in community structure has spurred numerous investigations of the impact of changing biodiversity on ecosystem function and services (Balvanera et al., 2006; Cardinale et al., 2006a; [NAME], 2005; Worm et al., 2006). // Thus far, these experiments document that on average community performance is compromised by a loss of species richness ([NAME], 2006; Cardinale et al., 2006a; Worm et al., 2006). // Like most BEF [biodiversity-ecosystem function] research (Balvanera et al., 2006; Cardinale et al., 2006a; Worm et al., 2006), experimental manipulations of predator biodiversity have focused almost exclusively on species richness manipulations | Intro / Discussion | No | University of Missouri | No | 0 | 4.115
200 | Other | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | 2 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Finnoff, D. and [NAME]. 2008. Linking dynamic economic and ecological general equilibrium models. Resource and Energy Economics 30:91-114. | Yes | Resource and Energy Economics | Economics | USA | This is consistent with Worm et al. (2006) who show how greater species richness, including species that are not economically exploited, leads to more stable populations of commercially important species. // In a high profile piece, Worm et al. (2006) report that current trends in overfishing and biodiversity loss project a global collapse of all commercial fishes by the middle of this century. | Intro / Conclusions | No | University of Wyoming | No | 0 | 1.241
201 | Other | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 5 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Fischer, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. A GIS-Based Tool for Representing Larval Dispersal for Marine Reserve Selection. Professional Geographer 63:489-513. | Yes | Professional Geographer | Other | USA | marine protected areas (MPAs) are growing in popularity as a tool for marine conservation and fisheries management ([NAME]. 2003; Worm et al. 2006; Worm et al. 2009) | Intro | No | California State University | No | 0 | 1.206
202 | Ecology | 3-5 | 2010 | No | 3 | Male | Canada | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 1 | No | No | Yes | Fisher, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. [NAME] rule: truncation of Northwest Atlantic marine fish body sizes. Ecology 91:2499-2505. | Yes | Ecology | Ecology | Canada | Given these complexities, our results suggest that the current focus on maintaining or increasing taxonomic richness per se in biogeographic scale analyses of exploited ecosystems (Worm et al. 2006) is unwarranted. | Discussion | No | Queens University | No | 0 | 4.849
203 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 3 | Male | Canada | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 5 | No | No | Yes | Fisher, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Global variation in marine fish body size and its role in biodiversity-ecosystem functioning. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 405:1-13. | Yes | Marine Ecology-Progress Series | Ecology | Canada | Additionally, notwithstanding the positive correlations between species richness and the functioning of ecosystems at regional and global scales (Worm et al. 2006, [NAME]. 2007) // the previously reported positive relationships between species richness and LME functioning (Worm et al. 2006)// Meanwhile, a parallel and growing interest in the impact of species- and size-selective fisheries on the productivity ([NAME] et al. 2005) and stability (Worm et al. 2006, 2009, Palumbi et al. 2009) of marine ecosystems has developed. // ‘missing metric’ may mediate previously reported relationships between species richness and multiple measures of ecosystem functioning (Worm et al. 2006). // Based on positive correlations between species richness and ecosystem services at a global scale (Worm et al. 2006) | Intro / Discussion | No | Queens University | No | 0 | 2.711
204 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2010 | No | 6 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], E. Dolan, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. [NAME]: Getting Illegal Fishing Under Control. Science 328:1235-1236. | Yes | Science | Multidisciplinary | USA | Impacts of fishing activities on the health of fish stocks and their supporting marine ecosystems ( 3, 12, 13) | Discussion | No | The Pew Charitable Trusts | No | 0 | 32.452
205 | Policy | 0-2 | 2010 | Yes | 21 | Female | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 3 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], M. M., [NAME], F. Micheli, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Guiding ecological principles for marine spatial planning. Marine Policy 34:955-966. | Yes | Marine Policy | Policy | USA | Species diversity, from local to global scales, can affect multiple ecosystem functions including maintenance of productivity [31,37] // Species diversity—the variety and abundance of species within an area or ecosystem—tends to be positively correlated with ecosystem health by increasing the functioning of marine ecosystems [29] and the provision of several ecosystem services [30–32]. // Maintaining or restoring species diversity, composition, and functional redundancy (e.g., the degree to which multiple species perform similar ecological functions) is essential for sustaining productive and resilient ecosystems [30–32]. | Discussion | No | Stanford University | No | 4 | 1.865
206 | Conservation | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 8 | Female | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | Follesa, M. C., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], A. Gastoni, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Spillover effects of a Mediterranean marine protected area on the European spiny lobster Palinurus elephas (Fabricius, 1787) resource. Aquatic Conservation-Marine and [NAME] 21:564-572. | Yes | Aquatic Conservation-Marine and [NAME] | Conservation | Italy | Worm et al. (2006) stated that unless corrective measures are implemented immediately, many stocks of fish species of commercial interest will dwindle to almost nothing by 2050, causing upheavals in the global ecosystem. | Intro | No | University of Cagliari | No | 0 | 1.929
207 | Fisheries | 2-3 | 2007 | No | 2 | Male | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Fonseca, [NAME] and [NAME]. 2007. Does size matter? A cautionary experiment on overoptimism in length-based bioresource assessment. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 64:996-1008. | Yes | Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences | Fisheries | United Kingdom | In an era of globally declining fisheries (Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | University of Leicester | No | 0 | 2.213
208 | Biology | >5 | 2010 | No | 14 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 1 | No | Yes | No | Fontaine, M. C., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], T. Jauniaux, A. Llavona, B. Ozturk, [NAME], V. Ridoux, E. Rogan, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Genetic and historic evidence for climate-driven population fragmentation in a top cetacean predator: the harbour porpoises in European water. Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences 277:2829-2837. | Yes | Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences | Biology | Belgium | This reaction to climate change could however be exacerbated on a much shorter time scale by the depletion of major commercial fish stocks induced by intense commercial fisheries (Worm et al. 2006, 2009) | Discussion | No | University of Liege | No | 0 | 5.415
209 | Other | 2-3 | 2008 | No | 4 | Male | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Forcada, A., [NAME], C. Valle, and [NAME]. 2008. Habitat continuity effects on gradients of fish biomass across marine protected area boundaries. Marine Environmental Research 66:536-547. | Yes | Marine Environmental Research | Other | Spain | In recent years, most coastal fish resources have been overexploited (Castilla, 2000), raising doubts about the long-term sustainability of certain fisheries (Pauly et al., 2002; Worm et al., 2006). | Intro | No | Unidad de Biología Marina | No | 0 | 2.276
210 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2009 | No | 7 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Forcada, A., C. Valle, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Effects of habitat on spillover from marine protected areas to artisanal fisheries. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 379:197-211. | Yes | Marine Ecology-Progress Series | Ecology | Spain | Unless changes are implemented immediately, many fisheries may collapse in the next few decades (Worm et al. 2006). | Intro | No | Unidad de Biología Marina | No | 0 | 2.711
211 | Ecology | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 2 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 2 | No | No | No | [NAME], [NAME] and D. R. Schiel. 2010. Loss of predators and the collapse of southern California kelp forests (?): Alternatives, explanations and generalizations. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 393:59-70. | Yes | Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology | Ecology | USA | An increasing number of published papers argue that human induced alterations to food webs have resulted in the degradation  of coastal ecosystems worldwide (e.g., [NAME], 2002; [NAME], 2003; Bellwood et al., 2004; Berkes et al., 2006; Worm et al., 2006) // We assume it was used to characterize abundance when it fell below 10% of maximum since [NAME] was one of the authors of Worm et al. (2006) and the latter used “catches dropping below 10% of the recorded maximum” as the definition of fisheries collapse. | Intro / Methods | Yes | Moss Landing Marine Laboratories | No | 0 | 1.875
212 | Other | 2-3 | 2009 | No | 23 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Fox, C., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], L. Fernand, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. TRANSREGIONAL LINKAGES IN THE NORTH-EASTERN ATLANTIC - AN 'END-TO-END' ANALYSIS OF PELAGIC ECOSYSTEMS. Pages 1-75 in [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME], editors. Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review, Vol 47. | Yes | Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review | Oceanography | United Kingdom | The introduction of non-indigenous species is widely recognised as a major threat to biodiversity (United Nations 1992, Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory | No | 0 | 2.727
213 | Policy | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 3 | Female | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. The perils and promise of futures analysis in marine ecosystem-based management. Marine Policy 35:675-681. | Yes | Marine Policy | Policy | USA | These changes are critically important because they directly impact the delivery of ecosystem goods and services that humans require or desire [5,6]. | Intro | No | NWFSC, NOAA | No | 0 | 1.865
214 | Other | 3-5 | 2007 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], K. and [NAME]. 2007. INDICES OF ROBUSTNESS FOR SAMPLE REPRESENTATION. Pages 349-392 in [NAME], editor. Sociological Methodology 2007, Vol 37. | Yes | Sociological Methodology | Other | USA | Similarly we can quantify the robustness of inferences from meta-analyses with respect to generalizing to other populations or into the future (Worm et al. 2006). | Discussion | No | Michigan State University | No | 0 | 3
215 | Conservation | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 7 | Female | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Fraschetti, S., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Conservation of Mediterranean habitats and biodiversity countdowns: what information do we really need? Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 21:299-306. | Yes | Aquatic Conservation-Marine and [NAME] | Conservation | Italy | Worldwide, ocean degradation is leading to an increasing depletion of biological diversity and associated goods and services to human welfare (Jackson et al., 2001; Worm et al., 2006; [NAME], 2007). | Intro | No | University of Salento | No | 0 | 1.929
216 | Ecology | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 3 | Female | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Fraschetti, S., A. Terlizzi, and [NAME]. 2008. How many habitats are there in the sea (and where)? Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 366:109-115. | Yes | Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology | Ecology | Italy | In the marine environment, the ecological impact of habitat changes is difficult to assess ([NAME] et al., 2006; Worm et al., 2006; [NAME], 2007) because our understanding of the status and trends of marine habitats is surprisingly low | Intro | No | University of Salento | No | 0 | 1.875
217 | Other | 3-5 | 2009 | No | 13 | Male | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Freon, P., [NAME], A. Bertrand, [NAME], J. C. Field, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], M. Ramdani, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Functional group biodiversity in Eastern Boundary Upwelling Ecosystems questions the wasp-waist trophic structure. Progress in Oceanography 83:97-106. | Yes | Progress in Oceanography | Oceanography | France | controversy continues with respect to a general appreciation of the role of diversity in enhancing either ecosystem stability or productivity in open marine ecosystems (Worm et al., 2006; Longhurst, 2007). | Intro | No | Institut de Recherche pour le Développement | No | 0 | 3.142
218 | Other | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 3 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Friedland, K. D., P. D. Lynch, and [NAME]. 2011. Time Series Mesoscale Response of Atlantic Menhaden Brevoortia tyrannus to Variation in Plankton Abundances. Journal of Coastal Research 27:1148-1158. | Yes | Journal of Coastal Research | Other | USA | Since the loss of system species diversity will impact the filter function service of coastal marine ecosystems ([NAME], 2007; [NAME] et al., 1994; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | NMFS, NOAA | No | 0 | 0.766
219 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2011 | No | 4 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 1 | No | No | Yes | Frisk, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Assessing biomass gains from marsh restoration in Delaware Bay using Ecopath with Ecosim. Ecological Modelling 222:190-200. | Yes | Ecological Modelling | Ecology | USA | Recently, Worm et al. (2006) conducted a meta-analysis that did demonstrate advantages to biodiversity in fishery ecosystems. | Discussion | No | Stony Brook University | No | 0 | 2.326
220 | Policy | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 3 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | 4 | Yes | Yes | No | Froese, R., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Out of new stocks in 2020: A comment on "Not all fisheries will be collapsed in 2048". Marine Policy 33:180-181. | Yes | Marine Policy | Policy | Germany | He understands this as critique of Worm et al. [2] who predicted—if current trends continue—‘‘the global collapse of all taxa currently fished’’ by 2048. // Two of us [3] have published the original method used by Worm et al. [2] // We repeated the analysis of Worm et al. [2] // In summary, our analysis confirms the continuous absolute and relative increase in collapsed stocks shown first by Froese and Kesner-Reyes (2002) and later by Worm et al. (2006). | Discussion | No | Leibniz Institute of Marine Sciences, IFM-GEOMAR | No | 0 | 1.865
221 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 4 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Froese, R., [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Size matters: How single-species management can contribute to ecosystem-based fisheries management. Fisheries Research 92:231-241. | Yes | Fisheries Research | Fisheries | Germany | In fact, despite increased efforts to improve management through better science, the number of overfished or collapsed stocks continues to increase (Worm et al., 2006). | Intro | No | Leibniz Institute of Marine Sciences, IFM-GEOMAR | No | 0 | 1.586
222 | Biology | 2-3 | 2012 | No | 4 | Male | Europe | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | 2 | No | Yes | No | Froese, R., [NAME], [NAME], and D. Pauly. 2012. What catch data can tell us about the status of global fisheries. Marine Biology 159:1283-1292. | Yes | Marine Biology | Biology | Germany | In previous publications, we (Froese and Kesner-Reyes 2002, 2009; Froese and Pauly 2003; Pauly et al. 2008; [NAME] et al. 2009; [NAME] and Pauly 2011) and others ([NAME] and Garcia 1996; FAO 2010; [NAME] 2012; Worm et al. 2006, 2007) have analyzed global catch data to gain insights into the status of global fisheries, revealing for example an increase in collapsed stocks and a decline in new stocks. // Applying the updated algorithm to recent FAO data showed that in 2008, 24% of 1,953 FAO stocks produced less than 10% of their previous maxima, that this fraction doubled since 1990, and that its trend showed no sign of leveling off, confirming the predictions by Worm et al. (2006) | Intro / Discussion | No | GEOMAR | No | 0 | 2.276
223 | Fisheries | >5 | 2011 | No | 11 | Female | Other | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Fulton, E. A., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], A. D. M. Smith, and [NAME]. 2011. Lessons in modelling and management of marine ecosystems: the Atlantis experience. Fish and Fisheries 12:171-188. | Yes | Fish and Fisheries | Fisheries | Australia | Most discussions of the topic [ecosystem-based management] have focused on a single ‘silver bullet’ solution such as spatial management (Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | CSIRO Wealth from Oceans Flagship | No | 0 | 5.8
224 | Fisheries | >5 | 2011 | No | 4 | Female | Other | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 4 | No | Yes | No | Fulton, E. A., A. D. M. Smith, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Human behaviour: the key source of uncertainty in fisheries management. Fish and Fisheries 12:2-17. | Yes | Fish and Fisheries | Fisheries | Australia | The problems with world fisheries and their solutions have been the focus of scientific and public debate for at least two decades (McGoodwin 1990; [NAME] and [NAME] 1998; [NAME] et al. 1998; Hutchings 2000; Myers and Worm 2003; Essington et al. 2006; [NAME] et al. 2006; Worm et al. 2006; Beddington et al. 2007; Hilborn 2007a,b; Rijnsdorp et al. 2007; Costello et al. 2008; Dankel et al. 2008; [NAME] et al. 2008) // On the one hand is the view that the collapse of marine fisheries is imminent and inevitable (Worm et al. 2006). // Where fisheries management is viewed as a complete failure, permanent large-scale spatial closures are implemented (Roberts 1997; [NAME] and Roberts 2003; Worm et al. 2006) // Other suggestions include [...omitted...] spatial management (Worm et al. 2006). | Intro / Discussion | No | CSIRO Wealth from Oceans Flagship | No | 0 | 5.8
225 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2010 | Yes | 4 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Gaines, S. D., [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Designing marine reserve networks for both conservation and fisheries management. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 107:18286-18293. | Yes | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | Multidisciplinary | USA | Although these estimates are based on the extreme assumption that overexploitation has reduced local fished stocks to negligible levels in fished areas, overexploitation does exist in many parts of the world (38, 84, 85) | Discussion | No | University of California, Santa Barbara | No | 1 | 9.681
226 | Other | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 2 | No | No | No | Gallagher, [NAME] [NAME]. 2011. Global shark currency: the distribution, frequency, and economic value of shark ecotourism. Current Issues in Tourism 14:797-812. | Yes | Current Issues in Tourism | Other | USA | The drivers of these losses [ecosystem services] are numerous and include growing anthropogenic threats in the form of (but not limited to) habitat destruction, invasive species, pollution, climate change, and overfishing (e.g. Wilcove, [NAME], [NAME], Phillips, & Losos, 1998; Worm et al., 2006; Worm & Lotze, 2009). // and marine apex-predators, particularly sharks, have experienced population declines globally in the last few decades (Baum et al., 2003; Burgess et al., 2005; [NAME], 2008; Ferretti, Myers, Serena, & Lotze, 2008; Worm et al., 2006). | Intro | No | University of Miami | No | 0 | 0.836
227 | Other | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 2 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 4 | No | Yes | Yes | Gamfeldt, [NAME] and [NAME]. 2008. Biodiversity Effects on Aquatic Ecosystem Functioning - Maturation of a New Paradigm. International Review of Hydrobiology 93:550-564. | Yes | International Review of Hydrobiology | Other | Germany | Furthermore, analyses of data on marine biodiversity on both regional and global scales reveal that large-scale patterns of changes in biodiversity and ecosystem services correspond to those of experiments on a small temporal and spatial scale (WORM et al., 2006; DANOVARO et al., 2008). // For example, overexploitation of fish and shellfish in the oceans has resulted in dramatic shifts in many ocean ecosystems (DAYTON et [NAME], 1998; PAULY et al., 1998; [NAME] et al., 2001; BELLWOOD et al., 2004), often with significant effects on vital ecosystem processes (BELLWOOD et al., 2003; WORM et al., 2006; MYERS et al., 2007). // There is thus a need to complement experiments and theoretical models with observational data on larger scales (NAEEM, 2006), as in WORM et al. (2006). // Furthermore, the primary focus of consumer diversity has been on the effects of lower trophic levels, whereas there is good reason to expect that it will also affect the production of the consumers themselves (IVES et al., 2005; GAMFELDT et al., 2005b; WORM et al., 2006). | Discussion | No | University of Cologne | No | 0 | 1.19
228 | Ecology | 3-5 | 2008 | No | 3 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Gamfeldt, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Multiple functions increase the importance of biodiversity for overall ecosystem functioning. Ecology 89:1223-1231. | Yes | Ecology | Ecology | Germany | and the results from marine BEF [biodiversity–ecosystem function] experiments (e.g., Duffy et al 2003) appear to scale up to patterns found at regional and global scales (Worm et al. 2006). | Discussion | No | Goteberg University | No | 0 | 4.849
229 | Other | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 3 | Male | Other | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Changes in the abundance and composition of zooplankton from the ports of Mumbai, India. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 168:179-194. | Yes | Environmental Monitoring and Assessment | Other | India | Nutrient levels are known to be an important determinant of marine biodiversity influencing the process of competition and community structure in the marine environment ([NAME] and Anil 2003; Worm et al. 2006 and the references therein). | Discussion | No | National Institute of Oceanography | No | 0 | 1.4
230 | Conservation | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 19 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | Garcia-Charton, J. A., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], B. Stobart, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], M. Dimech, [NAME], I. Guala, [NAME], E. Maggi, and S. Planes. 2008. Effectiveness of European Atlanto-Mediterranean MPAs: Do they accomplish the expected effects on populations, communities and ecosystems? Journal for Nature Conservation 16:193-221. | Yes | Journal for Nature Conservation | Conservation | Spain | Recently, Worm et al. (2006) stated that unless corrective measures are implemented with urgency, stocks of fish species of commercial interest will have completely collapsed by 2050, | Intro | No | Universidad de Murcia | No | 0 | 1.864
231 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 11 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Gascuel, D., [NAME], A. Forest, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. A future for marine fisheries in Europe (Manifesto of the Association Francaise d'Halieumetrie). Fisheries Research 109:1-6. | Yes | Fisheries Research | Fisheries | France | Significant changes in the functioning of trophic networks, changes that convey a diminution of the functional biodiversity of the ecosystems, have also been observed (Heath, 2005; Pauly and Watson, 2005; Worm et al., 2006). | Discussion | No | Association Franc¸ aise d’Halieumétrie | No | 0 | 1.586
232 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2007 | No | 5 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | [NAME], D., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2007. Decline of demersal resources in North-West Africa: an analysis of Mauritanian trawl-survey data over the past 25 years. African Journal of Marine Science 29:331-345. | Yes | African Journal of Marine Science | Fisheries | France | This decline has been documented mostly on a large-scale basis, using mainly commercial catch statistics. This was the case, for instance, in the benchmark works of [...omitted...] and Worm et al. (2006) who predicted that all fish stocks worldwide would be overexploited by 2048. | Intro | No | Pôle halieutique Agrocampus Rennes | No | 0 | 0.98
233 | Biology | 3-5 | 2011 | No | 1 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Gaston, K. J. 2011. Common Ecology. Bioscience 61:354-362. | Yes | Bioscience | Biology | United Kingdom | Numerous experimental and field studies have sought to document relationships between levels of species richness and ecosystem function (Cardinale et al. 2006, Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | University of Sheffield | No | 0 | 4.621
234 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2010 | Yes | 12 | Male | Other | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Gelcich, S., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and J. C. Castilla. 2010. Navigating transformations in governance of Chilean marine coastal resources. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 107:16794-16799. | Yes | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | Multidisciplinary | Chile | have demonstrably failed to halt or reverse environmental decline at a global scale (refs. 4 and 5… | Intro | No | [NAME] Católica de Chile | No | 1 | 9.681
235 | Policy | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 1 | Male | Other | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Gibbs, [NAME]. Network governance in fisheries. Marine Policy 32:113-119. | Yes | Marine Policy | Policy | New Zealand | It is often assumed that the reason for this heightened awareness is the inability of management systems to effectively cap fishing effort which can lead to over-fishing and visible reductions in the availability of seafood for commercial, recreational, and customary take; as highlighted by a number of widely publicised reports on the state of global fisheries [1–4]. | Intro | No | Cawthorn Institute | No | 0 | 1.865
236 | Policy | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 1 | Male | Other | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Gibbs, [NAME]. Resilience: What is it and what does it mean for marine policymakers? Marine Policy 33:322-331. | Yes | Marine Policy | Policy | Australia | In fact, to quote from the Wealth of Nations: ‘The role of government is [… omitted…] to provide ‘‘certain public works and certain public institutions’’ (paraphrased from [20])’. | Discussion | No | CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Sciences | No | 0 | 1.865
237 | Fisheries | >5 | 2010 | No | 16 | Male | Other | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Gilman, E., [NAME], B. Price, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Mitigating sea turtle by-catch in coastal passive net fisheries. Fish and Fisheries 11:57-88. | Yes | Fish and Fisheries | Fisheries | Australia | This is because marine megafauna, once recovered to relatively  pristine pre-human conditions, would resume their roles in coastal and marine ecosystem functioning and structure ([NAME] et al. 2001; [NAME] and Bjorndal 2002; Bjorndal and Bolten 2003; Pandolfi et al. 2003; [NAME] and [NAME], 2007; Stokstad 2006; Worm et al. 2006; Chaloupka et al. 2008) | Intro | No | IUCN | No | 0 | 5.8
238 | Biology | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 24 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Glover, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], A. Colaco, J. Copley, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], C. Lejeusne, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. TEMPORAL CHANGE IN DEEP-SEA BENTHIC ECOSYSTEMS: A REVIEW OF THE EVIDENCE FROM RECENT TIME-SERIES STUDIES. Pages 1-95 in M. Lesser, editor. Advances in Marine Biology, Vol 58. | Yes | Advances in Marine Biology | Biology | United Kingdom | A large literature exists on the impact of global industrialized fisheries both on fish stocks (e.g Pauly et al., 1998) and on the entire shelf ecosystem (e.g Worm et al., 2006). | Discussion | No | The Natural History Museum | No | 0 | 2.043
239 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2009 | No | 2 | Female | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Godbold, J. A. and M. Solan. 2009. Relative importance of biodiversity and the abiotic environment in mediating an ecosystem process. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 396:273-282. | Yes | Marine Ecology-Progress Series | Ecology | United Kingdom | The effects of biodiversity loss on ecosystem processes have now been well established and numerous experimental studies have shown that, irrespective of the system under study, biodiversity loss has a negative effect on ecosystem properties (Balvanera et al. 2006, Cardinale et al. 2006, Worm et al. 2006). | Intro | No | University of Aberdeen | No | 0 | 2.711
240 | Ecology | >5 | 2010 | No | 4 | Male | Other | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Godoy, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and J. C. Castilla. 2010. Spearfishing to depletion: evidence from temperate reef fishes in Chile. Ecological Applications 20:1504-1511. | Yes | Ecological Applications | Ecology | Chile | According to official landing information, since 1998 reef fish landings have declined to around 10% of historical levels; signaling fishery collapses according to collapsing criteria used by Worm et al. (2006). | Discussion | No | [NAME] Cato´lica de Chile | No | 0 | 5.102
241 | Other | 3-5 | 2011 | No | 4 | Male | Other | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], J. S., [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Evidence of artisanal fishing impacts and depth refuge in assemblages of Fijian reef fish. Coral Reefs 30:507-517. | Yes | Coral Reefs | Other | Australia | Exploitation of the marine environment is decreasing the ocean’s biodiversity and increasingly impairing the ocean’s capacity to provide food for human consumption (Worm et al. 2006). | Intro | No | The University of Western Australia | No | 0 | 3.878
242 | Other | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 4 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Gold, J. R., [NAME], N. D. Ebelt, and [NAME]. 2009. Conservation Genetics of Gray Snapper (Lutjanus griseus) in US Waters of the Northern Gulf of Mexico and Western Atlantic Ocean. Copeia:277-286. | Yes | Copeia | Other | USA | Other marine species have suffered similar declines in the recent past (less than 1,000 years) due to exploitation and habitat destruction (Worm et al., 2006) | Discussion | No | Texas A&M University | No | 0 | 1.101
243 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2011 | No | 5 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Golden, C. D., [NAME], [NAME], B. J. R. Rasolofoniaina, and [NAME]. 2011. Benefits of wildlife consumption to child nutrition in a biodiversity hotspot. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 108:19653-19656. | Yes | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | Multidisciplinary | USA | Surprisingly few studies have attempted to quantify the effects of wildlife declines on human economies and health (8, 9) | Intro | No | Harvard University | No | 0 | 9.681
244 | Multidisciplinary | 3-5 | 2010 | No | 5 | Female | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Gollner, S., B. Riemer, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Diversity of Meiofauna from the 9 degrees 50 ' N East Pacific Rise across a Gradient of Hydrothermal Fluid Emissions. [NAME] One 5. | Yes | [NAME] One | Multidisciplinary | Austria | Marine communities and ecosystem processes are affected by environmental changes, such as global warming, ocean hypoxia, and ocean acidification [1] | Intro | No | University of Vienna | No | 0 | 4.092
245 | Multidisciplinary | 3-5 | 2008 | No | 16 | Male | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], P. Chabanet, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], R. Galzin, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Climate Warming, Marine Protected Areas and the Ocean-Scale Integrity of Coral Reef Ecosystems. [NAME] One 3. | Yes | [NAME] One | Multidisciplinary | United Kingdom | Although there are expectations that NTAs [no-take areas] will promote resilience and faster recovery from climate disturbance [19] | Intro | No | Newcastle University | No | 0 | 4.092
246 | Other | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 1 | Female | Canada | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | Grant, L. K. 2011. Can We Consume Our Way Out of Climate Change? A Call for Analysis. Behavior Analyst 34:245-266. | Yes | Behavior Analyst | Other | Canada | Worm et al. (2006) have forecast a collapse in the world’s fish population by 2050 if current practices continue. | Discussion | No | Athabasca University | No | 0 | 1.077
247 | Ecology | >5 | 2010 | No | 7 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Gratwicke, B., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Is the international frog legs trade a potential vector for deadly amphibian pathogens? Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 8:438-442. | Yes | Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment | Ecology | USA | The overexploitation of wildlife for food (Figure 1), [NAME] meat, wildlife-based medicines, and pets threatens wild animal and plant populations around the world ([NAME]. 2004; [NAME] et al. 2005; Worm et al. 2006; [NAME]. 2008). | Intro | No | Smithsonian’s National Zoological Park | No | 0 | 9.113
248 | Policy | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 5 | Male | Canada | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Gray, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Understanding Recreational Boater Attitudes to Zoning in a Proposed Marine Protected Area. Coastal Management 38:575-597. | Yes | Coastal Management | Policy | Canada | Anthropogenic impacts on marine environments are a concern worldwide (Worm et al., 2006; Ban & Alder, 2008). | Intro | No | University of Victoria | No | 0 | 1.194
249 | Ecology | >5 | 2010 | No | 2 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | Yes | [NAME], D. and [NAME]. 2010. Shifts in phenotypic plasticity constrain the value of seabirds as ecological indicators of marine ecosystems. Ecological Applications 20:1498-1503. | Yes | Ecological Applications | Ecology | France | These practices exhaust fish stocks and diminish marine biodiversity, thereby seriously threatening marine ecosystem structure and their resilience to natural environmental change (Worm et al. 2006). // There is ample evidence that this strategy [single-stock management] has failed and most likely has led to the current critical state of numerous marine ecosystems (Worm et al. 2006). | Intro | No | Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive | No | 0 | 5.102
250 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 7 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Griffin, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Consumer effects on ecosystem functioning in rock pools: roles of species richness and composition. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 420:45-56. | Yes | Marine Ecology-Progress Series | Ecology | United Kingdom | In light of rapid and pervasive human alterations to biodiversity ([NAME]. 1995, Worm et al. 2006, Byrnes et al. 2007) | Intro | No | Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom | No | 0 | 2.711
251 | Policy | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 1 | Female | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | Griffin, L. 2009. Scales of knowledge: North Sea fisheries governance, the local fisherman and the European scientist. Environmental Politics 18:557-575. | Yes | Environmental Politics | Policy | United Kingdom | the frequently-cited international report proclaiming that global commercial fish stocks are in danger of collapse within the next 50 years (Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | University of Westminster | No | 0 | 1.398
252 | Other | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 1 | Male | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | Grigorakis, K. 2010. Ethical Issues in Aquaculture Production. Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Ethics 23:345-370. | Yes | Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Ethics | Other | Greece | There are also some pessimistic predictions of global collapse of all currently fished species by 2048 if current yields maintain (Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | Institute of Aquaculture | No | 0 | 1.109
253 | Ecology | 3-5 | 2011 | No | 4 | Female | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Grol, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Simple ecological trade-offs give rise to emergent cross-ecosystem distributions of a coral reef fish. Oecologia 165:79-88. | Yes | Oecologia | Ecology | The Netherlands | Collapse of marine fisheries continues largely unabated, and large top predators usually are most affected (Pauly et al. 1998; Worm et al. 2006). | Discussion | No | Radboud University Nijmegen | No | 0 | 3.412
254 | Ecology | >5 | 2010 | No | 1 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Grosholz, E. 2010. Avoidance by grazers facilitates spread of an invasive hybrid plant. Ecology Letters 13:145-153. | Yes | Ecology Letters | Ecology | USA | Biological invasions are among the most important and rapidly growing threats to human and natural systems worldwide (Mack et al. 2000; [NAME] et al. 2000; Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | University of California, [NAME] | No | 0 | 17.557
255 | Ecology | >5 | 2011 | No | 4 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Grosholz, E., [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Modeling the impacts of the European green crab on commercial shellfisheries. Ecological Applications 21:915-924. | Yes | Ecological Applications | Ecology | USA | Biological invasions are rapidly producing planetwide changes in biodiversity and ecosystem function ([NAME]. 2000, [NAME] et al. 2000, Lotze et al. 2006, Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | University of California, [NAME] | No | 0 | 5.102
256 | Ecology | >5 | 2008 | No | 12 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Gruner, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. A cross-system synthesis of consumer and nutrient resource control on producer biomass. Ecology Letters 11:740-755. | Yes | Ecology Letters | Ecology | USA | Similarly, human-caused changes in the intensity of top–down heterotrophic consumption, for example through release of top predators by trophic skew (Duffy 2003; Petchey et al. 2004; Worm et al. 2006) [… omitted…] can change the standing biomass and species composition of primary producers on broad scales. | Intro | No | University of Maryland | No | 0 | 17.557
257 | Conservation | 3-5 | 2008 | No | 3 | Female | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 2 | No | Yes | Yes | [NAME], A. P., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Current Status of Marine Protected Areas in Latin America and the Caribbean. Conservation Biology 22:1630-1640. | Yes | Conservation Biology | Conservation | USA | Climate change, habitat destruction, pollution, introduced species, overfishing, and destructive impacts of some fishing gear severely threaten marine biodiversity worldwide ([NAME] et al. 2001; Bellwood et al. 2004; MEA 2006; Wilson et al. 2006); all of these factors affect the delivery of marine ecosystem services (Balmford & Bond 2005; MEA 2006; Worm et al. 2006). // They [marine protected areas and marine reserves] can also help maintain ecosystem functioning and provide ecosystem services ([NAME]. 2006; Worm et al. 2006). | Intro | No | Oregon State University | No | 0 | 4.692
258 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2011 | No | 3 | Female | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], A. P., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Ecological effects of marine reserves in Latin America and the Caribbean. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 429:219-U847. | Yes | Marine Ecology-Progress Series | Ecology | USA | Anthropogenic activities are increasingly affecting the world’s oceans (Jackson et al. 2001, Harley et al. 2006, Worm et al. 2006, [NAME]. 2008). | Intro | No | Oregon State University | No | 0 | 2.711
259 | Biology | 2-3 | 2012 | No | 4 | Male | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | Yes | 2 | No | No | No | Guarnieri, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Increasing heterogeneity of sensitive assemblages as a consequence of human impact in submarine caves. Marine Biology 159:1155-1164. | Yes | Marine Biology | Biology | Italy | Tourism revenue, measured in terms of dive trips, can strongly increase in MPAs (Worm et al. 2006; [NAME] et [NAME]. 2009) // MPAs [marine protected areas] have been recently indicated as direct management and conservation actions that have successfully helped in habitat protection (Worm et al. 2006). | Intro | No | Universita` del Salento | No | 0 | 2.276
260 | Conservation | 3-5 | 2011 | No | 4 | Male | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Guerra, A., [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. The giant squid Architeuthis: An emblematic invertebrate that can represent concern for the conservation of marine biodiversity. Biological Conservation 144:1989-1997. | Yes | Biological Conservation | Conservation | Spain | This is despite the recognized ecological importance of marine invertebrate communities and the importance of preserving the biodiversity of marine ecosystems (Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (CSIC) | No | 0 | 4.115
261 | Ecology | 3-5 | 2007 | No | 1 | Male | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 2 | No | No | Yes | Guidetti, P. 2007. Predator diversity and density affect levels of predation upon strongly interactive species in temperate rocky reefs. Oecologia 154:513-520. | Yes | Oecologia | Ecology | Italy | Increased concern over […omitted…] has fuelled renewed interest in the impacts of changes in biodiversity on ecosystem functions and services (Naeem et al. 1994; Chapin et al. 2000; Cardinale et al. 2002; [NAME]. 2005; O’Connor and [NAME]; Worm et al. 2006) // Marine predators are particularly sensitive to extinction, since most of them are large slow-growing fish species that are heavily impacted by fishing (Pauly et al. 1998; [NAME] et al. 2001; Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | University of Salento | No | 0 | 3.412
262 | Other | 2-3 | 2011 | No | 1 | Male | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 2 | No | No | Yes | Guidetti, P. 2011. The destructive date-mussel fishery and the persistence of barrens in Mediterranean rocky reefs. Marine Pollution Bulletin 62:691-695. | Yes | Marine Pollution Bulletin | Other | Italy | Fishing causes dramatic impacts on marine species, habitats and ecosystems (Thrush et al., 1998; Worm et al., 2006) // with negative consequences on biodiversity and/or ecosystem services (Worm et al., 2006; [NAME] et al., 2004) | Intro | No | University of Salento | No | 0 | 2.503
263 | Conservation | 3-5 | 2010 | No | 2 | Male | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Guidetti, P. and [NAME]. 2010. Comanagement Practices Enhance Fisheries in Marine Protected Areas. Conservation Biology 24:312-318. | Yes | Conservation Biology | Conservation | Italy | Fishing may have dramatic effects on species, habitats, and ecosystems (Botsford et al. 1997; [NAME] et al. 2001; Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | University of Salento | No | 0 | 4.692
264 | Ecology | >5 | 2011 | Yes | 2 | Male | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Guidetti, P. and [NAME]. 2011. Ancient art serving marine conservation. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 9:374-375. | Yes | Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment | Ecology | Italy | Fishing dramatically affects species, habitats, and ecosystems worldwide (Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | University of Salento | No | 1 | 9.113
265 | Conservation | 3-5 | 2008 | No | 19 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | Yes | Guidetti, P., [NAME], S. Bussotti, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], T. Agardy, F. Boero, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Italian marine reserve effectiveness: Does enforcement matter? Biological Conservation 141:699-709. | Yes | Biological Conservation | Conservation | Italy | Rocky reef communities strongly impacted by fishing may thus show extirpation or functional extinction of fish species that have important ecological roles (e.g. predators or herbivores), with consequences on ecosystem functioning and services (Holmund and Hammer, 1999; Worm et al., 2006) | Discussion | No | University of Salento | No | 0 | 4.115
266 | Multidisciplinary | 3-5 | 2010 | No | 3 | Male | Other | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Increased Dependence of Humans on Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity. [NAME] One 5. | Yes | [NAME] One | Multidisciplinary | China | Furthermore, ecological experiments, observations, and theoretical developments show that ecosystem properties depend greatly on biodiversity in terms of the functional characteristics of organisms present in the ecosystem and the distribution and abundance of those organisms over space and time [18–21]. These results show that humans can yield more well-being from ecosystem services and biodiversity that are better conserved. | Discussion | No | Chinese Academy of Science | No | 0 | 4.092
267 | Other | 2-3 | 2008 | No | 3 | Male | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Guttormsen, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Optimal management of renewable resources with Darwinian selection induced by harvesting. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 56:167-179. | Yes | Journal of Environmental Economics and Management | Economics | Norway | In general, there has been widespread concern among scientists regarding harvesting pressure and the consequences that it has for biodiversity and ocean ecosystems [22,36] | Intro | No | Norwegian University of Life Sciences | No | 0 | 2.169
268 | Other | 2-3 | 2008 | No | 3 | Male | Canada | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 1 | No | No | Yes | Haedrich, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Predictors of species richness in the deep-benthic fauna of the northern Gulf of Mexico. Deep-Sea Research Part Ii-Topical Studies in Oceanography 55:2650-2656. | Yes | Deep-Sea Research Part II-Topical Studies in Oceanography | Oceanography | Canada | On the other hand, biodiversity itself reflects a number of valued ecosystem services (Worm et al., 2006) | Discussion | No | Memorial University | No | 0 | 2.277
269 | Other | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Hale, [NAME] and [NAME]. 2009. Beyond data management: how ecoinformatics can benefit environmental monitoring programs. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 150:227-235. | Yes | Environmental Monitoring and Assessment | Other | USA | Synthetic databases compiled from many disparate data sources, for example […omitted…] Worm et al. (2006) on impacts of biodiversity loss, required a great deal of effort to find and integrate diverse data | Intro | No | U.S. Environmental Protection Agency | No | 0 | 1.4
270 | Other | 3-5 | 2009 | No | 4 | Male | Other | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Hall, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. The extraction and utilization of local and scientific geospatial knowledge within the Bluff oyster fishery, New Zealand. Journal of Environmental Management 90:2055-2070. | Yes | Journal of Environmental Management | Other | New Zealand | Research published recently by Worm et al. (2006) on the effects of biodiversity loss on the world’s ocean ecosystem provides alarming evidence that world commercial fish stocks may entirely disappear by the mid-21st century (year 2048) unless measures are taken to increase ocean biodiversity. Their findings suggest that the elimination of locally adapted populations and species not only impairs the ability of marine ecosystems to feed a growing human population but also sabotages their stability and recovery potential in a rapidly changing marine environment. | Discussion | No | University of Otago | No | 0 | 3.245
271 | Biology | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 4 | Male | Other | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Hall, S. J., [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. The End of the Line: Who is Most at Risk from the Crisis in Global Fisheries? [NAME]. | Yes | [NAME] | Biology | Malaysia | Drawing on several influential articles from the past few years (Pauly et al. 1998; Worm et al. 2006; Hilborn et al. 2005), [NAME], [NAME] and [NAME] very effectively translate the science behind the story into compelling mental images. | Intro | No | The Worldfish Center | No | 0 | 2.025
272 | Conservation | 0-2 | 2009 | Yes | 3 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Halpern, B. S., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Spillover from marine reserves and the replenishment of fished stocks. Environmental Conservation 36:268-276. | Yes | Environmental Conservation | Conservation | USA | Overexploitation has resulted in dire predictions about the ability of oceans to continue supporting fisheries (Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis | Yes | 1 | 1.927
273 | Other | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 2 | Female | Other | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Hamel, M. A. and [NAME]. 2010. Using very high resolution remote sensing for the management of coral reef fisheries: Review and perspectives. Marine Pollution Bulletin 60:1397-1405. | Yes | Marine Pollution Bulletin | Other | New Caledonia | they [fisheries] increasingly appear under threat of collapse (Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | Institut de Recherche pour le Développement | No | 0 | 2.503
274 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 2 | Female | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Hammerschlag-Peyer, [NAME] [NAME]. 2010. Intrapopulation variation in habitat use by two abundant coastal fish species. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 415:211-220. | Yes | Marine Ecology-Progress Series | Ecology | USA | Overexploitation of marine fishes is considered one of the most critical global environmental crises (Jackson et al. 2001, Worm et al. 2006). | Intro | No | Florida International University | No | 0 | 2.711
275 | Other | >5 | 2008 | No | 1 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | Yes | [NAME]. The world that became ruined - Our cognitive incapacity to perceive large-scale and long-term changes is a major obstacle to rational environmental policies. Embo Reports 9:S34-S36. | Yes | Embo Reports | Other | Finland | A recent meta-analysis of small-scale experiments, long-term regional time series of ecological changes, and fisheries data indicated several adverse effects of biodiversity loss in marine ecosystems: a higher rate of resource collapses, a reduced potential to recover, a reduced numerical stability and reduced water quality owing to the loss of organisms, such as mussels, that filter water (Worm et al, 2006). | Discussion | No | University of Helsinki | No | 0 | 7.355
276 | Ecology | >5 | 2008 | Yes | 7 | Male | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Harborne, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Tropical coastal habitats as surrogates of fish community structure, grazing, and fisheries value. Ecological Applications 18:1689-1701. | Yes | Ecological Applications | Ecology | United Kingdom | The protection of biodiversity, often through the use of protected areas, is a core aim of conservation (Margules and Pressey 2000, Lovejoy 2006) in order to maintain ecosystem functions, goods, and services (Solan et al. 2004, Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | University of Exeter | No | 1 | 5.102
277 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2012 | No | 8 | Female | Canada | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Harper, S., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], T. Sutor, and [NAME]. 2012. Fuelling the fisheries subsidy debate: Agreements, loopholes and implications. Fisheries Research 113:143-146. | Yes | Fisheries Research | Fisheries | Canada | The overexploitation of most of the world’s marine fish stocks has led to declines in both stocks and catches (FAO, 2010; Pauly et al., 2002; Worm et al., 2006, 2009) | Intro | No | University of British Columbia | No | 0 | 1.586
278 | Other | 0-2 | 2007 | No | 1 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], [NAME]. International recommendations for consumption of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids. Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine 8:S50-S52. | Yes | Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine | Other | USA | Without proper management, many fish species may be no longer present in sufficient numbers in the future to make capture profitable [32] | Discussion | No | University of South Dakota | No | 0 | 1.51
279 | Other | 3-5 | 2007 | No | 1 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | [NAME], [NAME]. n-3 Fatty acid fortification: opportunities and obstacles. British Journal of Nutrition 97:593-595. | Yes | British Journal of Nutrition | Other | USA | According to a recent report, we are witnessing an ever accelerating loss of ocean biodiversity which could lead to ‘the global collapse of all taxa currently fished by the mid-21st century’(Worm et [NAME]. 2006) | Intro | No | University of South Dakota | No | 0 | 3.013
280 | Other | 2-3 | 2007 | No | 6 | Male | USA | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2007. Stearidonic acid increases the red blood cell and heart eicosapentaenoic acid content in dogs. Lipids 42:325-333. | Yes | Lipids | Other | USA | As concerns grow about the long-term sustainability of fish as the sole source of omega-3 fatty acids [6] | Intro | No | Saint Lukes Hospital | No | 0 | 2.129
281 | Other | 2-3 | 2008 | No | 10 | Male | USA | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | 2 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], D. A. Goldstein, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Stearidonic acid-enriched soybean oil increased the omega-3 index, an emerging cardiovascular risk marker. Lipids 43:805-811. | Yes | Lipids | Other | USA | If such advice [to consume at least two servings of fish (preferably oily) per week] were actually heeded, there is serious doubt that the world’s oceans could support such a shift in dietary consumption patterns [10] // In addition, over-fishing is depleting stocks of some species [10], intensifying the need for new sources | Intro / Discussion | No | University of South Dakota | No | 0 | 2.129
282 | Other | 3-5 | 2009 | No | 10 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], [NAME], D. Mozaffarian, [NAME], J. Colombo, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Towards Establishing Dietary Reference Intakes for Eicosapentaenoic and Docosahexaenoic Acids. Journal of Nutrition 139:804S-819S. | Yes | Journal of Nutrition | Other | USA | Serious concerns about overfishing and aquaculture practices have been raised (190) and must be considered | Discussion | No | University of South Dakota | No | 0 | 3.916
283 | Other | 2-3 | 2008 | No | 2 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Hasler, H. and [NAME]. 2008. Diving down the reefs? Intensive diving tourism threatens the reefs of the northern Red Sea. Marine Pollution Bulletin 56:1788-1794. | Yes | Marine Pollution Bulletin | Other | Austria | Such a biodiversity loss would lead to […omitted…] and reduced ecosystem services (Hughes et al., 2003; Worm et al., 2006). | Discussion | No | University of Vienna | No | 0 | 2.503
284 | Other | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 4 | Male | Other | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | He, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Linking soil bacterial diversity to ecosystem multifunctionality using backward-elimination boosted trees analysis. Journal of Soils and Sediments 9:547-554. | Yes | Journal of Soils and Sediments | Other | China | The increasing interest in the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functions stems from the perceptions that continuous loss of biodiversity, specially caused by human activity, can affect ecosystem functions and services (Loreau et al. 2001; Srivastava and Vellend 2005; [NAME] et [NAME]. 1997; Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | Chinese Academy of Sciences | No | 0 | 1.863
285 | Other | 2-3 | 2007 | No | 1 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Heal, G. 2007. A Celebration of Environmental and Resource Economics. Review of Environmental Economics and Policy 1:7-25. | Yes | Review of Environmental Economics and Policy | Economics | USA | The statistics on the state of the world’s fisheries are intensely depressing. Sensible estimates suggest that the biomass of fish in the world’s oceans is today perhaps one tenth of what it was half a century ago, and is declining. [15] | Discussion | No | Columbia University | No | 0 | 2.147
286 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2008 | No | 2 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | 3 | No | Yes | No | Heal, [NAME] and [NAME]. 2008. Economics - Sustainable fisheries. [NAME]. | Yes | Nature | Multidisciplinary | USA | The destruction of the world’s major fisheries has been widely documented, with a general consensus that the biomass of top marine predators is now some 10% of what it was half a century ago [1]// [NAME] and colleagues use the definition of collapse applied in an earlier paper by Worm et al. // Because both Costello et al. and Worm et al. define a fishery as collapsed when the catch drops below 10% of the historic maximum to date, a policy that stabilizes catch by definition reduces the probability of collapse. | Discussion | No | Columbia Business School | No | 0 | 36.28
287 | Biology | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 5 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Hearn, A., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Hotspots within hotspots? Hammerhead shark movements around Wolf Island, Galapagos Marine Reserve. Marine Biology 157:1899-1915. | Yes | Marine Biology | Biology | USA | This concern, coupled with alarming signs of overfishing of commercial fish stocks (Pauly et al. 1998; [NAME] and Watson 2003; Worm et al. 2006; Ovetz 2007) | Intro | No | University of California, [NAME] | No | 0 | 2.276
288 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2008 | No | 1 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Heath, M. R. 2008. Comment on "a global map of human impact on marine ecosystems". Science 321. | Yes | Science | Multidisciplinary | United Kingdom | Removal of mature fish affects the supply of juveniles elsewhere in the system, with consequences for species richness and diversity, marine predator populations, and food web functionality (9–11) | Discussion | No | Marine Laboratory | No | 0 | 32.452
289 | Biology | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 3 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], A. J., D. C. Duffy, and [NAME]. 2008. Associations between seabirds and subsurface predators around Oahu, Hawaii. Aquatic Biology 4:89-98. | Yes | Aquatic Biology | Biology | USA | For this reason, we concur with the warning of other authors (e.g. University of Alaska Sea Grant College 1999, Yaffee 1999, Link 2002, [NAME]. 2004, Worm et al. 2006) against the reliance on stock viability management as the sole driver of our fishery management policies | Discussion | No | University of Hawaii | No | 0 | 1.474
290 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2007 | No | 2 | Male | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 2 | No | No | Yes | Hector, A. and [NAME]. 2007. Biodiversity and ecosystem multifunctionality. Nature 448:188-U186. | Yes | Nature | Multidisciplinary | Switzerland | Individual ecosystem functions generally show a positive asymptotic relationship with increasing biodiversity, suggesting that some species are redundant [5–8] // Meta-analysis of the results of the first generation [5] of experimental research on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning has revealed that individual ecosystem processes generally show a positive but saturating relationship with increasing diversity, although the mechanisms underlying these relationships are still under debate [5–8] | Abstract / Intro | No | University of Zurich | No | 0 | 36.28
291 | Ecology | 3-5 | 2007 | No | 23 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 1 | No | No | Yes | Hector, A., [NAME], M. Scherer-Lorenzen, B. Schmid, E. M. Spehn, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], A. Jumpponen, [NAME], M. Loreau, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], D. J. Read, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2007. Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning: reconciling the results of experimental and observational studies. Functional Ecology 21:998-1002. | Yes | Functional Ecology | Ecology | Switzerland | The results of biodiversity experiments like BIODEPTH have turned out to be highly repeatable and have established that changes in biodiversity (both richness and composition) do have the potential to impact many different ecosystem processes (Loreau et al. 2001; [NAME]. 2005; Balvanera et al. 2006; Cardinale et al. 2006; Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | University of Zurich | No | 0 | 4.567
292 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 5 | Male | Other | No | No | No | Yes | No | 2 | No | Yes | No | Hernandez, J. C., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Effect of temperature on settlement and postsettlement survival in a barrens-forming sea urchin. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 413:69-80. | Yes | Marine Ecology-Progress Series | Ecology | Canary Islands | combined with other human impacts such as overfishing of the urchins’ natural predators (Worm et al. 2006) // Overfishing of predators is another wordwide phenomenon with effects that are known to cascade over the entire ecosystem (Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | [NAME] | No | 0 | 2.711
293 | Other | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 1 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Heyman, [NAME]. Elements for Building a Participatory, Ecosystem-Based Marine Reserve Network. Professional Geographer 63:475-488. | Yes | Professional Geographer | Other | USA | Management systems have been devised for major industrial fisheries, yet the majority of the world’s fisheries and marine ecosystems have suffered from slow, misguided, ineffective, incomplete, or nonexistent management, resulting in synergistic “tragedy of the commons” (Hardin 1968; [NAME] et al. 2001; Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | Texas A&M University | No | 0 | 1.206
294 | Other | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Heyman, [NAME] [NAME]. 2011. Marine Geomorphology in the Design of Marine Reserve Networks. Professional Geographer 63:429-442. | Yes | Professional Geographer | Other | USA | There is also a growing realization that a variety of additional factors are affecting the health, resilience, biodiversity, and productivity of marine waters and the ocean’s ability to produce the variety of ecosystem services on which societies depend (Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | Texas A&M University | No | 0 | 1.206
295 | Conservation | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 3 | Male | Other | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Higham, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. An integrated and adaptive management model to address the long-term sustainability of tourist interactions with cetaceans. Environmental Conservation 35:294-302. | Yes | Environmental Conservation | Conservation | New Zealand | The macro-level context is characterized by growing concerns for declining levels of global biodiversity and the increasing instability of complex ecosystems ([NAME] 1999; Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | University of Otago | No | 0 | 1.927
297 | Fisheries | 2-3 | 2007 | No | 1 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 3 | Yes | Yes | No | Hilborn, R. 2007. Moving to sustainability by learning from successful fisheries. [NAME] 36:296-303. | Yes | [NAME] | Fisheries | USA | Worm et al. (7) projected that all of the world’s wild fish stocks would be collapsed by 2048. These authors defined a stock to be collapsed if its catch in any year fell below 10% of the highest recorded catch and, using world catch statistics from 1950 largely compiled by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), calculated the number of fish stocks that were collapsed in each year. In 2003 they estimated that 29% of stocks were collapsed. The projection of the demise of all the world’s fisheries by 2048 garnered great attention in the US and UK media. // as with the absurdity of the Worm et al. (7) prediction of no fish by 2048 // Using the Worm et al. (7) metric of stock collapse | Discussion | No | University of Washington | No | 0 | 2.025
298 | Fisheries | 3-5 | 2007 | No | 1 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 6 | Yes | Yes | No | Hilborn, R. 2007. Reinterpreting the state of fisheries and their management. Ecosystems 10:1362-1369. | Yes | Ecosystems | Fisheries | USA | Since the 1990s, many papers have appeared in Science and Nature describing the decline of fisheries worldwide […omitted…] and projecting their total collapse (Worm and others 2006) // Worm and others (2006) defined ‘‘collapsed’’ as fish stocks with current catch that is less than 10% of the largest historical catch. Using this definition, they calculated the proportion of the world’s fisheries that were collapsed for each year since 1950, and determined that, in 2003, 29% of the world’s fish stocks were collapsed. The authors projected that, by 2048, 100% of all stocks would be so. // The accelerating decline seen in the catch-based Worm and others (2006) method // The thick black line is the estimate by Worm and others (2006) of the proportion of fish stocks worldwide that are collapsed, and shows an accelerating trend. Both Worm and others (2006) and FAO estimate current levels in the range of 25–30%, although the FAO analysis suggests stability whereas the analysis by Worm and others suggests rapid acceleration of stock depletion. // Percentage of Eastern Bering Sea fish stocks classified as collapsed (landings <10% of their historical maximum) using the method of Worm and others (2006) // The specific problem with this analysis by Worm and others (2006) | Intro / Discussion | No | University of Washington | No | 0 | 3.495
299 | Policy | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 1 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], [NAME]. Place-based ocean management: Emerging US law and practice. Ocean & Coastal Management 51:659-670. | Yes | Ocean & Coastal Management | Policy | USA | Of course implementing ecosystem-based approaches under the MSA, NMSA, or NMA depends very much on relevant scientific capabilities [216–223, 150, 119]. | Conclusions | No | University of Oregon | No | 0 | 1.333
300 | Other | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Hill, [NAME] and [NAME]. 2011. Natural Resources Management and Food Security in the Context of Sustainable Development. Sains Malaysiana 40:1331-1340. | Yes | Sains Malaysiana | Other | USA | Going beyond a general understanding that loss of biodiversity is affecting the ocean ecosystem functions, Worm et al. (2006) provided quantitative data to substantiate the link between biodiversity and ecosystem performance. According to their observations, rates of resource collapse increase whereas recovery potential, stability and water quality decrease with decline in diversity but restoration reverses the ecosystem decline. When biodiversity is restored, productivity increases significantly and variability declines substantially. These authors concluded that since these trends are reversible, intervention is necessary to prevent biodiversity loss from reaching a point of irreversible damage to the ecosystem, and this justifies giving serious attention to restoration. | Discussion | No | La Trobe University | No | 0 | 0.268
301 | Other | 2-3 | 2008 | No | 5 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Hill, J., M. Stellmes, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Mediterranean desertification and land degradation Mapping related land use change syndromes based on satellite observations. Global and Planetary Change 64:146-157. | Yes | Global and Planetary Change | Other | Germany | marine ecosystems are at the brink of collapse due to heavy exploitation (Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | University of Trier | No | 0 | 2.93
302 | Ecology | 3-5 | 2010 | No | 2 | Male | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Hillebrand, H. and [NAME]. 2010. A critique for meta-analyses and the productivity-diversity relationship. Ecology 91:2545-2549. | Yes | Ecology | Ecology | Germany | There is no substitute for thoroughly understanding the natural history of the system(s) from which one is drawing inference, and no substitute for characterizing the unique and shared features of the studies included in a synthesis (for example, see [NAME]. 2006’s response to [NAME] 2006 meta-analysis, or the comments on Worm et al. 2006, including those by [NAME]. 2007, [NAME], and [NAME] and [NAME] 2007) | Intro | No | [NAME] Oldenburg | No | 0 | 4.849
303 | Ecology | >5 | 2009 | No | 2 | Male | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Hillebrand, H. and [NAME]. 2009. Biodiversity in a complex world: consolidation and progress in functional biodiversity research. Ecology Letters 12:1405-1419. | Yes | Ecology Letters | Ecology | Germany | Recent years have seen a phase of synthesis in BDEF [biodiversity effects on ecosystem functions] research, marked by a series of reviews and meta-analyses ([NAME]. 2005; Balvanera et al. 2006; Cardinale et al. 2006a, 2007; Worm et al. 2006; Stachowicz et al. 2007) | Intro | No | [NAME] Oldenburg | No | 0 | 17.557
304 | Ecology | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 1 | Male | Other | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | 2 | No | No | No | Hobday, A. J. 2011. Sliding baselines and shuffling species: implications of climate change for marine conservation. Marine Ecology-an Evolutionary Perspective 32:392-403. | Yes | Marine Ecology-an Evolutionary Perspective | Ecology | Australia | and to support the establishment of marine protected areas (Jackson 2001; Pitcher 2001; Worm et al. 2006) // Reduction of threats other than climate change is still important, and protected areas have been shown to have positive conservation outcomes in many situations (e.g. Worm et al. 2006) | Intro / Discussion | No | CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research | No | 0 | 1.836
305 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2011 | No | 2 | Male | Canada | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | Yes | Hocking, M. D. and J. D. Reynolds. 2011. Impacts of Salmon on Riparian Plant Diversity. Science 331:1609-1612. | Yes | Science | Multidisciplinary | Canada | Declines in fish biomass through overexploitation, habitat degradation, and climate change have important consequences for the structure and functioning of marine ecosystems (1) | Intro | No | [NAME] University | No | 0 | 32.452
306 | Ecology | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 2 | Female | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 4 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Hoehn, S. and B. Thapa. 2009. Attitudes and perceptions of indigenous fishermen towards marine resource management in Kuna Yala, Panama. International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology 16:427-437. | Yes | International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology | Ecology | USA | Marine ecosystems are of great importance to human wellbeing in their provision of services such as food resources, waste detoxification or flood control (Worm et al. 2006). [NAME], human activities cause rapid decline of marine ecosystems through overfishing, pollution and habitat destruction, especially in sensitive coastal ecosystems, whereby coral reefs are at high risk of permanent damage ([NAME]. 2006; Worm et al. 2006) // If marine exploitation proceeds at the current rate, it is estimated that all species suitable for consumption will be depleted by 2048 (Worm et al. 2006) // MPAs also have the potential to recover lost biodiversity and reverse current impacts, but the majority has lacked major successes in their aim to effectively conserve marine resources ([NAME]. 1995; Pollnac et [NAME]. 2001; [NAME]. 2006;Worm et [NAME]. 2006) | Intro | No | University of Florida | No | 0 | 0.965
307 | Conservation | 3-5 | 2009 | No | 3 | Female | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Holdredge, C., M. D. Bertness, and [NAME]. 2009. Role of Crab Herbivory in Die-Off of New England Salt Marshes. Conservation Biology 23:672-679. | Yes | Conservation Biology | Conservation | USA | The consequences of the loss of secondary consumers from coastal ecosystems are just beginning to be understood ([NAME] et al. 2001; Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | Brown University | No | 0 | 4.692
308 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2008 | No | 1 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Holdren, [NAME]. Presidential address - Science and technology for sustainable well-being. Science 319:424-434. | Yes | Science | Multidisciplinary | USA | The real magnitude of the human impact, however, is revealed only by looking region by region and species by species at the fish and shellfish stocks on which the catch had depended; it is a picture of devastating decline, brought about not only by unsustainable harvest of target species but also by the extensive bycatch and bottom-habitat destruction brought about by widely used if reprehensible fishing techniques (32) | Discussion | No | Harvard University | No | 0 | 32.452
309 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2007 | No | 7 | Male | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | 7 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Holker, F., D. Beare, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2007. Comment on "Impacts of biodiversity loss on ocean ecosystem services". Science 316:1285-1285. | Yes | Science | Multidisciplinary | Italy | Worm et al. (2006) investigated the importance of biodiversity to marine ecosystem services across temporal and spatial scales. In projecting the extent of future fisheries collapse // The Worm et al. study (1) represents a useful contribution to the discussion of human exploitation of the oceans and the relation between biodiversity and ecosystem services. The conclusion is that high biodiversity in the marine environment is associated with ecosystem stability and resilience, and with the productivity and recovery potential of vital fisheries.// Worm et al. (1) modeled the depletion of stocks as a function of time, which they then used to project a 100% collapse for all currently fished taxa by the year 2048. // Furthermore, Worm et al. compared trajectories of fisheries collapses in species-poor and species-rich ecosystems. // We agree with Worm et al. (1) that the number of overexploited or depleted fish stocks has been increasing over several decades // whereas theWorm et al. data indicate that the increasing trend continues. [NAME], Worm et al. examined the utility of marine reserves and fishery closures, concluding that they are beneficial to ecosystem services, including fisheries. However, their supporting online material indicates that of the 122 data sets analyzed, 73 are from coral reefs (mainly tropical), whereas only 11 are from habitats that support groundfish fisheries, and none are from pelagic fisheries. | Abstract / Discussion | No | Euopean Commission | No | 0 | 32.452
310 | Policy | 0-2 | 2012 | No | 4 | Female | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Hornborg, S., [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Integrated environmental assessment of fisheries management: Swedish Nephrops trawl fisheries evaluated using a life cycle approach. Marine Policy 36:1193-1201. | Yes | Marine Policy | Policy | Sweden | Several of current fishing regimes have been found to have severe negative impacts, not only on targeted species, but also on whole marine ecosystems, and are accordingly being questioned [2,3] | Intro | No | Swedish Institute for Food and Biotechnology | No | 0 | 1.865
311 | Ecology | 0-2 | 2012 | No | 5 | Male | Other | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Hossain, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Life history traits of the Monsoon River prawn Macrobrachium malcolmsonii (Milne-Edwards, 1844) (Palaemonidae) in the Ganges (Padma) River, northwestern Bangladesh. Journal of Freshwater Ecology 27:131-142. | Yes | Journal of Freshwater Ecology | Ecology | Japan | avoidance of harvesting methods that destroy their benthic (Worm et al. 2006) habitats | Intro | No | Kagoshima University | No | 0 | 0.435
312 | Multidisciplinary | 3-5 | 2012 | No | 4 | Female | Other | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 2 | No | No | Yes | Hovey, [NAME] [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Modelling Deep Water Habitats to Develop a Spatially Explicit, Fine Scale Understanding of the Distribution of the Western Rock Lobster, Panulirus cygnus. [NAME] One 7. | Yes | [NAME] One | Multidisciplinary | Australia | Marine ecosystems worldwide are under increasing pressure due to anthropogenic impacts such as coastal development, pollution and overfishing [1–5]. // Previous studies have suggested that the impacts of these pressures are being reflected in a decline in biodiversity, outbreaks of marine pests and declining habitat quality [3–5] | Intro | No | University of Western Australia | No | 0 | 4.092
313 | Conservation | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 2 | Unknown | Canada | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], [NAME] [NAME]. 2009. Conserving a subpopulation of the northern Atlantic cod metapopulation with a marine protected area. Aquatic Conservation-Marine and [NAME] 19:178-193. | Yes | Aquatic Conservation-Marine and [NAME] | Conservation | Canada | underscored the need for conserving living marine resources and the biodiversity of fish populations (Myers and Worm, 2003; Worm et al., 2006). | Intro | No | Memorial University | No | 0 | 1.929
314 | Policy | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 1 | Female | Other | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], [NAME]. Bycatch of high sea longline fisheries and measures taken by Taiwan: Actions and challenges. Marine Policy 35:712-720. | Yes | Marine Policy | Policy | Taiwan | Commercial fish harvest is often accompanied by the incidental catch or killing of non-commercial species, known as bycatch [1,2]. Such non-commercial species include marine mammals, sharks, seabirds, sea turtles and other ecologically related species [3–7] | Intro | No | National Taiwan Ocean University | No | 0 | 1.865
315 | Multidisciplinary | 3-5 | 2012 | No | 9 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 2 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], N., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and S. Planes. 2012. Cryptic Diversity in Indo-Pacific Coral-Reef Fishes Revealed by DNA-Barcoding Provides New Support to the Centre-of-Overlap Hypothesis. [NAME] One 7. | Yes | [NAME] One | Multidisciplinary | France | Globally, the modern decline of biodiversity calls for a better understanding of the processes regulating diversity and the consequences of species loss for ecosystem functioning [3–8] // Although fifty-eight percent of the world’s reefs are reported to be threatened by human activities that affect ecosystem services [2,8] | Intro | No | Universite´ de La Re´union | No | 0 | 4.092
316 | Other | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 2 | Male | Canada | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Hutchings, J. A. and M. Festa-Bianchet. 2009. Scientific advice on species at risk: a comparative analysis of status assessments of polar bear, Ursus maritimus. Environmental Reviews 17:45-51. | Yes | Environmental Reviews | Other | Canada | The marginalization of science associated with such policies has resulted in massive overfishing and historically unprecedented depletions of commercially exploited fishes in Canada and around the world (Hutchings 2000; Myers and Worm 2003; Hutchings and Reynolds 2004; Worm et al. 2006). | Intro | No | Dalhousie University | No | 0 | 1.703
317 | Biology | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 2 | Male | Canada | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Hutchings, J. A. and [NAME]. 2011. Correlates of recovery for Canadian Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Canadian Journal of Zoology-Revue [NAME]. | Yes | Canadian Journal of Zoology-Revue Canadienne De Zoologie | Biology | Canada | These benefits [of marine protected areas] appear to be robust for […omitted…] the restoration of biodiversity and the ecosystem services that accrue (Worm et al. 2006, 2009). | Discussion | No | Dalhousie University | No | 0 | 1.205
318 | Other | 3-5 | 2007 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | Hyde, J. R. and R. D. Vetter. 2007. The origin, evolution, and diversification of rockfishes of the genus Sebastes (Cuvier). Molecular Phylogenetics and [NAME]. | Yes | Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution | Other | USA | Recent studies project dire consequences for world fisheries within the next 40–50 years unless current trends of exploitation are changed (e.g., Worm et al., 2006). | Discussion | No | Scripps Institution of Oceanography | No | 0 | 3.609
319 | Other | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 10 | Female | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Hyytiainen, K., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. An integrated simulation model to evaluate national measures for the abatement of agricultural nutrients in the Baltic Sea. Agricultural and Food Science 18:440-459. | Yes | Agricultural and Food Science | Other | Finland | This causes economic losses, […omitted…] biodiversity is lost (Beaumont et al. 2007, Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | MTT Economic Research | No | 0 | 0.923
320 | Conservation | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 3 | Male | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Taxonomic confusion and market mislabelling of threatened skates: important consequences for their conservation status. Aquatic Conservation-Marine and [NAME] 20:319-333. | Yes | Aquatic Conservation-Marine and [NAME] | Conservation | France | Marine biodiversity is suffering from accelerating loss of populations and species by overfishing (Pauly et al., 2002; Worm et al., 2006). | Intro | No | Muse´um national d’Histoire naturelle | No | 0 | 1.929
321 | Multidisciplinary | 3-5 | 2010 | No | 18 | Female | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], K., B. Konar, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], A. Mead, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], S. Fraschetti, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Large-Scale Spatial Distribution Patterns of Echinoderms in Nearshore Rocky Habitats. [NAME] One 5. | Yes | [NAME] One | Multidisciplinary | USA | They [biodiversity assessments] are important for understanding ecological patterns and ecosystem functioning and for managing marine resource use and identifying conservation priorities [1–3] | Intro | No | University of Alaska Fairbanks | No | 0 | 4.092
322 | Other | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 2 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Ilan, K. and [NAME]. 2008. Placing Climate Change within Disaster Risk Reduction. Disaster Advances 1:3-5. | Yes | Disaster Advances | Other | Norway | Interest and work in disasters long preceded interest in contemporary climate change [8,15,20] | Discussion | No | CICERO | No | 0 | 0.692
323 | Ecology | 3-5 | 2011 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Isbell, [NAME] and [NAME]. 2011. Increasing native, but not exotic, biodiversity increases aboveground productivity in ungrazed and intensely grazed grasslands. Oecologia 165:771-781. | Yes | Oecologia | Ecology | USA | Previous studies have found that increasing biodiversity can increase biomass production and nutrient uptake in both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems (reviewed by [NAME]. 2005; Balvanera et al. 2006; Cardinale et al. 2006; Worm et al. 2006). | Intro | No | Iowa State University | No | 0 | 3.412
324 | Ecology | 0-2 | 2007 | Yes | 1 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 1 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], [NAME]. Economic incentives, social norms, and the crisis of fisheries. Ecological Research 22:16-18. | Yes | Ecological Research | Ecology | USA | Neither [NAME] nor [NAME] make any mention of the conservation of biodiversity per se or the potential importance of biodiversity to ecosystem services (Daily 1997, [NAME] et al. 1997, Worm et al. 2006) | Conclusions | No | Scripps Institution of Oceanography | Yes | 1 | 1.565
325 | Ecology | >5 | 2008 | Yes | 1 | Male | USA | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], [NAME]. Ecological extinction and evolution in the brave new ocean. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 105:11458-11465. | Yes | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | Ecology | USA | [NAME] structure and biodiversity are also key components of the resistance and resilience of marine ecosystems to future perturbations (13, 14) | Intro | No | Scripps Institution of Oceanography | Yes | 1 | 9.681
326 | Other | 0-2 | 2010 | Yes | 9 | Female | Canada | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 2 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], J., J. Hocevar, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and D. Pauly. 2010. Conserving wild fish in a sea of market-based efforts. Oryx 44:45-56. | Yes | Oryx | Other | Canada | Future projections show that seafood supply from capture fisheries is decreasing and that, overall, today’s marine fisheries are unsustainable (Pauly et al., 2002; Worm et al., 2006). // After more than a decade of market-based sustainable seafood initiatives the demand for this last wild food source is higher than ever and has resulted in further declines of fish populations (Pauly et al., 2002; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro / Discussion | No | University of British Columbia | No | 1 | 1.826
327 | Policy | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 2 | Female | Canada | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], [NAME] and D. Pauly. 2008. Trade secrets: Renaming and mislabeling of seafood. Marine Policy 32:309-318. | Yes | Marine Policy | Policy | Canada | In the years that followed, more fish stocks collapsed around the world [2] | Intro | No | University of British Columbia | No | 0 | 1.865
328 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2007 | No | 1 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | 4 | Yes | Yes | No | Jaenike, J. 2007. Comment on "Impacts of biodiversity loss on ocean ecosystem services". Science 316. | Yes | Science | Multidisciplinary | USA | Worm et al. (2006) used a power relation to predict a global collapse of fisheries by the year 2048. // In their recent paper, Worm et al. (1) predicted “the global collapse of all taxa currently fished by the mid–21st century (based on the extrapolation of regression in [NAME]. 3A to 100% in the year 2048),” a date that has since received considerable media attention. // However, examination of the percentage of collapsed taxa by year in figure 3A in (1) reveals a substantial mismatch between predicted and observed values over the past 30 years. Specifically, all of the data points for the past 16 years (1988 to 2003) fall above the regression line, and this trend is preceded by another long period (1972 to 1985) in which all of the data fall below the regression. // This equation indicates that the world will reach 100% collapsed species in the year 2114 rather than 2048, which is 2.5 times as long as predicted byWormet al. (1). | Abstract / Discussion | No | University of Rochester | No | 0 | 32.452
329 | Fisheries | 2-3 | 2008 | No | 2 | Female | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], [NAME] and [NAME]. 2008. The effects of barotrauma on the catch-and-release survival of southern California nearshore and shelf rockfish (Scorpaenidae, Sebastes spp.). Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 65:1286-1296. | Yes | Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences | Fisheries | USA | The practice of using assisted release in the recreational rockfish fishery may help restore rockfish diversity on rocky reefs that have suffered decades of intense fishing pressure, which in turn would help to increase ecosystem function and resilience to fishery collapse (Worm et al. 2006). | Discussion | No | California State University | No | 0 | 2.213
330 | Other | >5 | 2009 | No | 6 | Male | Canada | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | 3 | No | Yes | No | Jenkins, D. J. A., [NAME], D. Pauly, U. R. Sumaila, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Are dietary recommendations for the use of fish oils sustainable? Canadian Medical Association Journal 180:633-637. | Yes | Canadian Medical Association Journal | Other | Canada | The main problem with this advice is that, even at current levels of fish consumption, fisheries globally have reached a state of severe crisis (Figure 1). [5–8] // Exploited stocks (n < 10 000; in 64 large marine ecosystems) whose catches declined to 10% of their historic maximum yield, signifying collapse. [8,47,48] // and the number of collapsed stocks has been increasing exponentially since 1950 (Figure 1B). [8,47,48] | Intro /  Discussion | No | [NAME] Hospital | No | 0 | 8.217
331 | Other | 3-5 | 2009 | No | 2 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 2 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], T. C. and E. Yuwono. 2009. [NAME], Java, Indonesia, a mangrove-fringed coastal lagoon affected by human activities. Regional Environmental Change 9:231-233. | Yes | Regional Environmental Change | Other | Germany | Since then an accelerating loss of biodiversity is accompanied by an overall decrease of water quality, recovery potential and stability of marine and coastal ecosystems (Worm et al. 2006). // Biodiversity conservation and long-term economic development can be seen as interdependent societal goals of equal importance (Worm et al. 2006). | Intro | No | Leibniz Center for Tropical Marine Ecology | No | 0 | 3
332 | Ecology | 0-2 | 2012 | No | 3 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 3 | Yes | Yes | Yes | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Marine fisheries as ecological experiments. Theoretical Ecology 5:3-22. | Yes | Theoretical Ecology | Ecology | USA | Worm et al. (2006) examined 12 coastal ecosystems in Europe, North America and Australia, finding that increasing species richness was associated with lower percentages of collapsed fish and invertebrate stocks. // They found similar patterns in catch data from large marine ecosystems: more diverse ecosystems had higher rates of recovery for depleted species and lower interannual variability in catch (Worm et al. 2006). // Worm et al. (2006) inferred biomass collapses when catches declined below 10% of the historical maximum, and then extrapolated the trend in percent collapsed to predict that all fisheries would be collapsed by 2048 | Discussion | No | Rutgers University | No | 0 | 1.545
333 | Other | 0-2 | 2007 | No | 3 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Jentoft, S., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2007. Marine protected areas: A governance system analysis. Human Ecology 35:611-622. | Yes | Human Ecology | Anthropology | Norway | Thus, maintaining a healthy ecosystem will enhance its degree of resilience ([NAME]. 2004; Hughes et al. 2005; Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | University of Tromsø | No | 0 | 1.629
334 | Ecology | >5 | 2011 | No | 22 | Female | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Jentsch, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], H. Mirzae, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], K. Pritsch, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], J. Walter, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Climate extremes initiate ecosystem-regulating functions while maintaining productivity. Journal of Ecology 99:689-702. | Yes | Journal of Ecology | Ecology | Germany | First, the role of biodiversity in ensuring the performance of ecosystem functioning (Balvanera et al. 2006; Worm et al. 2006; Hector & Bagchi 2007; Suttle, Thomsen & Power 2007) | Intro | No | University of Bayreuth | No | 0 | 5.044
335 | Conservation | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 7 | Female | Other | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Jiang, H., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Ecosystem model predictions of fishery and conservation trade-offs resulting from marine protected areas in the East China Sea. Environmental Conservation 35:137-146. | Yes | Environmental Conservation | Conservation | China | Marine protected areas (MPAs), in which exploitative activities such as fishing are partly or wholly prohibited, have garnered much attention recently among researchers and marine advocacy groups as a tool for fishery management, protecting biodiversity and ecosystem structure, or preserving unique marine ecosystems (Bohnsack 1998; Hastings & Botsford 1999; Harmelin 2000; [NAME]. 2002; Blyth-Skyrme et [NAME]. 2006; Worm et al. 2007). | Intro | No | East China Normal University | No | 0 | 1.927
336 | Other | >5 | 2008 | No | 7 | Female | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Jiang, H., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], L. Richter, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. The role of tandem acyl carrier protein domains in polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. Journal of the American Chemical Society 130:6336-+. | Yes | Journal of the American Chemical Society | Other | USA | In addition, this natural source of PUFAs [polyunsaturated fatty acids] has been endangered due to ocean pollution and overfishing. [2b] | Intro | No | University of Wisconsin | No | 0 | 9.907
337 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2009 | No | 3 | Female | Other | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Temporal changes in the fish community resulting from a summer fishing moratorium in the northern East China Sea. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 387:265-273. | Yes | Marine Ecology-Progress Series | Ecology | China | Since there is a positive relationship between diversity and ecosystem functions and structures (Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science | No | 0 | 2.711
338 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 2 | Female | Other | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], [NAME] [NAME]. 2010. Marine Fisheries Management in a Changing Climate: A Review of Vulnerability and Future Options. Reviews in Fisheries Science 18:106-124. | Yes | Reviews in Fisheries Science | Fisheries | Australia | Diversifying to multispecies fisheries will make them more resilient to environmental change and future uncertainty than highly specialized fisheries (Worm et al., 2006; Worldfish, 2007). | Discussion | No | C2O–coasts climate oceans | No | 0 | 1.946
340 | Policy | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 2 | Female | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], A. and [NAME]. 2009. Spatial and Temporal Changes in Access Rights to Shellfish Resources in British Columbia. Coastal Management 37:585-616. | Yes | Coastal Management | Policy | Norway | Global demand for seafood products is growing exponentially, yet the productivity of wild fisheries is declining rapidly due to overfishing and other anthropogenic stresses on the marine environment (Pauly et al., 2001; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | Norwegian University of Life Sciences | No | 0 | 1.194
341 | Other | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 2 | Female | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], [NAME] and [NAME]. 2010. Shellfish aquaculture and First Nations' sovereignty: The quest for sustainable development in contested sea space. Natural Resources Forum 34:106-123. | Yes | Natural Resources Forum | Other | Sweden | Global demand for seafood is growing exponentially, yet more than 75% of the world’s wild fisheries are exploited at or beyond capacity (Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | Norwegian University of Life Sciences | No | 0 | 0.667
342 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2011 | No | 5 | Female | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], J. Freire, and [NAME]. 2011. Global population trajectories of tunas and their relatives. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 108:20650-20655. | Yes | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | Multidisciplinary | Spain | Fifty or more years later, the global impact of fishing on pelagic fishes and their ecosystems is only now beginning to be understood (3, 4). | Intro | No | Universidad de A Coruña | No | 0 | 9.681
343 | Other | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Kaffine, [NAME] and [NAME]. 2011. Unitization of Spatially Connected Renewable Resources. B E Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy 11. | Yes | B E Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy | Economics | USA | The collapse of many of the world’s fisheries (Worm et al., 2006, Myers and Worm, 2003, [NAME] et al., 2001) | Intro | No | Colorado School of Mines | No | 0 | 0.55
344 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Kaimmer, S. and [NAME]. 2008. Field investigation of rare-earth metal as a deterrent to spiny dogfish in the Pacific halibut fishery. Fisheries Research 94:43-47. | Yes | Fisheries Research | Fisheries | USA | Also, the reduction of elasmobranch populations through discard mortality may be responsible for undesirable shifts in ecological organization (Worm et al., 2006; Myers et al., 2007) | Intro | No | International Pacific Halibut Commission | No | 0 | 1.586
345 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2007 | No | 4 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Kareiva, P., [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2007. Domesticated nature: Shaping landscapes and ecosystems for human welfare. Science 316:1866-1869. | Yes | Science | Multidisciplinary | USA | More generally, the simplification and alteration of marine ecosystems by human use repeatedly reduces the stability of food production and the resilience of these ecosystems to disturbances (18) | Discussion | No | The Nature Conservancy | No | 0 | 32.452
346 | Fisheries | 2-3 | 2008 | No | 2 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Keyl, F. and [NAME]. 2008. Environmental variability and fisheries: what can models do? Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 18:273-299. | Yes | Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries | Fisheries | Germany | For the near future for all stocks overexploitation is predicted (e.g., Pauly 2006; Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | Center for Tropical Marine Ecology | No | 0 | 2.5
347 | Policy | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 1 | Female | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | Keyuan, Z. 2009. Regulation of waste dumping at sea: The Chinese practice. Ocean & Coastal Management 52:383-389. | Yes | Ocean & Coastal Management | Policy | United Kingdom | According to a recent report published in Science, many fish species would be extinct by around 2050 [1] | Intro | No | University of Central Lancashire | No | 0 | 1.333
348 | Other | 3-5 | 2010 | No | 2 | Male | Canada | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 3 | No | Yes | Yes | [NAME], [NAME] and B. Neis. 2010. The rebuilding imperative in fisheries: Clumsy solutions for a wicked problem? Progress in Oceanography 87:347-356. | Yes | Progress in Oceanography | Oceanography | Canada | There is growing concern that in the absence of major interventions, most commercial fish stocks could collapse beyond sustainable levels (Worm et al., 2006) // Moreover, loss of marine biodiversity has been shown to affect the provision of ecosystem goods and services (Worm et al., 2006). // there is little point in struggling to reverse the degradation of the world’s fisheries. This perspective is frequently seen in gloom and doom scenarios ([NAME] and [NAME], 2005; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro / Discussion | No | Memorial University | No | 0 | 3.142
349 | Ecology | 3-5 | 2009 | No | 7 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 1 | No | No | Yes | Kimbro, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Invasive species cause large-scale loss of native California oyster habitat by disrupting trophic cascades. [NAME]. | Yes | Oecologia | Ecology | USA | Thus, echoing the conclusions of previous work on trophic cascades (Myers et [NAME]. 2007), biological invasions (Parker et al. 2006), and biodiversity–ecosystem function ([NAME] et al. 2001; Worm et al. 2006), our results suggest that marine food webs can be conserved by protecting native top predators that simultaneously regulate the foraging of native intermediate consumers (via density- and trait-mediated cascades) and exclude invasive intermediate consumers (via density-mediated cascades). | Discussion | No | University of California, [NAME] | No | 0 | 3.412
350 | Other | 3-5 | 2009 | No | 3 | Male | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 2 | No | No | Yes | Kirby, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Synergistic Effects of Climate and Fishing in a Marine Ecosystem. Ecosystems 12:548-561. | Yes | Ecosystems | Other | United Kingdom | Marine ecosystems are at the forefront of current conservation concerns due to the separate effects of overfishing and climate change on their biocomplexity and productivity (Worm and others 2006; Brander 2007) // When these abiotic and biotic factors alter in aquatic systems there are consequences for [...omitted...] and consequently for ecosystem services (Worm and others 2006; Brander 2007) | Intro | No | University of Plymouth | No | 0 | 3.495
351 | Other | 2-3 | 2008 | No | 9 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Kite-Powell, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], P. Hoagland, A. Tsuchiya, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Linking the oceans to public health: current efforts and future directions. Environmental Health 7. | Yes | Environmental Health | Other | USA | The effects of ecological degradation on a regional scale have been documented in terms of losses in native species diversity and reduced ecosystem processes and services [75] | Discussion | No | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution | No | 0 | 2.649
352 | Other | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 6 | Male | Other | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | [NAME], [NAME] [NAME], [NAME], V. Boghossian, J. Reynolds, and [NAME]. 2009. Influence of duration of supplementation with ruminally protected linseed oil on the fatty acid composition of feedlot lambs. Animal Feed Science and Technology 151:228-239. | Yes | Animal Feed Science and Technology | Other | Australia | It is predicted that the world’s stocks of seafood will collapse by 2050 at present rates of destruction by fishing (Worm et al., 2006a,b) | Intro | No | CSIRO Livestock Industries | No | 0 | 1.691
353 | Other | 3-5 | 2009 | No | 2 | Male | Other | No | No | Yes | No | No | 2 | Yes | Yes | No | [NAME], [NAME]. 2009. Echium oil is better than rapeseed oil in enriching poultry meat with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, including eicosapentaenoic acid and docosapentaenoic acid. British Journal of Nutrition 101:709-715. | Yes | British Journal of Nutrition | Other | Australia | Worm et al. (14) predicted that seafood resources would face total collapse mid this century // Fatty acid methyl esters were prepared by published methods (14) | Intro / Methods | Yes | CSIRO Livestock Industries | No | 0 | 3.013
354 | Other | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 2 | Male | Other | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], [NAME]. 2011. Enriching milk fat with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids by supplementing grazing dairy cows with ruminally protected Echium oil. Animal Feed Science and Technology 170:35-44. | Yes | Animal Feed Science and Technology | Other | Australia | It has been recognised for some time now that this continuing increased consumer demand for LC n−3 PUFA may not be matched by the diminishing supply of wild catch fish due to the deterioration of the marine ecosystems (Worm et al., 2006a,b) | Intro | No | CSIRO Livestock Industries | No | 0 | 1.691
355 | Policy | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Kittinger, [NAME] [NAME]. 2010. [NAME], and Coastal Resilience Under Rising Seas. Coastal Management 38:634-653. | Yes | Coastal Management | Policy | USA | From a social perspective, environmental degradation increases the vulnerability of coastal communities and threatens ecosystem goods, services and values depended on by society (Adger, 2006; Adger et al., 2005; Cinner & McClanahan, 2006; Worm et al., 2006). | Intro | No | University of Hawaii | No | 0 | 1.194
356 | Other | 3-5 | 2009 | No | 4 | Male | Canada | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], [NAME], A. Arsenault, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Biodiversity in forest ecosystems and landscapes: A conference to discuss future directions in biodiversity management for sustainable forestry. Forest Ecology and Management 258:S1-S4. | Yes | Ecosystems | Other | Canada | Changing biodiversity can affect a wide range of ecosystem services such as [...]  and productivity in […] marine ecosystems (Worm et al., 2006). | Intro | No | British Columbia Ministry of Forests and Range | No | 0 | 3.495
357 | Biology | >5 | 2008 | Yes | 2 | Female | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Knowlton, [NAME] and [NAME]. 2008. Shifting baselines, local impacts, and global change on coral reefs. [NAME]. | Yes | [NAME] | Biology | USA | Loss of biodiversity is potentially permanent if it is the result of global extinction, and may also affect ecosystem services, resistance, and resilience [40] | Discussion | No | National Museum of Natural History | No | 1 | 11.452
358 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 1 | Male | Canada | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 2 | Yes | No | No | Koeller, P. 2008. Ecosystem-based psychology, or, how I learned to stop worrying and love the data. Fisheries Research 90:1-5. | Yes | Fisheries Research | Fisheries | Canada | The fisheries crisis is not nearly as advanced of course, despite some initial attempts at predicting the future (e.g. Worm et al., 2006), but give it time // I also do not have to worry about whether or not we will understand ecosystems enough and in time to avoid the Armageddon of 2048 | Discussion | No | Bedford Institute of Oceanography | No | 0 | 1.586
359 | Biology | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 5 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 4 | No | Yes | Yes | [NAME], P., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Biomass, diversity and production of rocky shore macroalgae at two nutrient enrichment and wave action levels. Marine Biology 157:29-47. | Yes | Marine Biology | Biology | Finland | Loss of biodiversity through the loss of perennial species is often coupled to eutrophication (e.g. [NAME] et al. 1997; [NAME] et al. 1998; [NAME] 2005; Worm et al. 2006) // In marine environments, Worm et al. (2006) noticed general positive effects on ecosystem functions with increased species diversity. At the same time, it was found that the effects of diversity were weaker in less controlled study systems (field [NAME]) due to greater abiotic and biotic variability under more natural conditions. // Due to the escalating loss of species and populations in marine ecosystems under human influence (Worm et al. 2006) // A decreased diversity may decrease the recovery potential, the stability and the water quality of marine ecosystems, but a restored biodiversity may multiply the productivity and decrease the variability in the ecosystem (Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | ° bo Akademi University | No | 0 | 2.276
360 | Other | 2-3 | 2011 | No | 2 | Female | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], E. and D. Evans. 2011. Dual discounting in cost-benefit analysis for environmental impacts. Environmental Impact Assessment Review 31:180-186. | Yes | Environmental Impact Assessment Review | Other | Turkey | The need for a systems approach is illustrated by Worm (2006) in their report on ocean system depletion where marine biodiversity loss is increasingly impairing the ocean's capacity to provide food, maintain water quality, and recover from perturbations. | Discussion | No | Bahcesehir University | No | 0 | 2.596
361 | Other | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 2 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | [NAME], D. and [NAME]. 2011. The multi-use in wind farm projects: more conflicts or a win-win opportunity? Aquatic Living Resources 24:129-135. | Yes | Aquatic Living Resources | Other | France | If this rate is maintained, most of the targeted species for fishing will disappear before 2050 (Worm et al. 2006). | Discussion | No | IFREMER | No | 0 | 1.152
362 | Ecology | >5 | 2010 | No | 5 | Female | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Laikre, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Compromising genetic diversity in the wild: unmonitored large-scale release of plants and animals. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 25:520-529. | Yes | Trends in Ecology & Evolution | Ecology | Sweden | Genetic variation was positively correlated with recovery of seagrass ecosystems following overgrazing and climatic extremes [33] | Discussion | No | Stockholm University | No | 0 | 15.748
363 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 2 | Female | Canada | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Lam, M. E. and D. Pauly. 2010. Who is Right to Fish? Evolving a Social Contract for Ethical Fisheries. Ecology and Society 15. | Yes | Ecology and Society | Ecology | Canada | Modern governments, however, have failed both to stop fisheries collapses (Pauly et al. 2002, 2003, Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | University of British Columbia | No | 0 | 2.516
364 | Biology | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 5 | Female | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Lasram, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], T. Do [NAME], and D. Mouillot. 2008. Historical colonization of the Mediterranean Sea by Atlantic fishes: do biological traits matter? [NAME] 607:51-62. | Yes | [NAME] | Biology | France | Indeed, overexploited and depleted ecosystems are more prone to the establishment of exotic species than safe and equilibrated ecosystems (Worm et al., 2006) | Discussion | No | Universite´ [NAME] | No | 0 | 1.784
365 | Policy | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 1 | Female | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | [NAME], B. 2009. Managing the interlocking climate and resource challenges. International Affairs 85:1101-+. | Yes | International Affairs | Policy | United Kingdom | According to one study, seafood species may disappear by 2048 as a result of overfishing, pollution, habitat loss and climate change unless action is taken to turn the current trend around. [29] | Discussion | No | Chatham House | No | 0 | 1.256
366 | Other | 0-2 | 2007 | No | 1 | Male | Canada | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Leighton, F. A. 2007. Veterinary medicine for a world in crisis. Canadian Veterinary Journal-Revue Veterinaire Canadienne 48:379-385. | Yes | Canadian Veterinary Journal-Revue Veterinaire Canadienne | Other | Canada | They have reduced the diversity and richness of the plants and animals that are the engines of our ecosystems and, hence, of our own survival, and they have imposed a huge new burden of disease on human society (11;42–44). | Discussion | No | University of Saskatchewan | No | 0 | 1.063
367 | Ecology | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 7 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Leinfelder, [NAME], [NAME], D. Costa, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. A metadata-driven approach to loading and querying heterogeneous scientific data. Ecological Informatics 5:3-8. | Yes | Ecological Informatics | Ecology | USA | Synthesis across […] populations spanning large spatial areas (e.g., Worm et al., 2006) all require data that have been collected by many investigators spanning decades of research. | Intro | No | National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis | No | 0 | 1.432
368 | Other | None | 2009 | No | 1 | Male | Canada | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Lertzman, K. 2009. THE PARADIGM OF MANAGEMENT, MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS, AND RESOURCE STEWARDSHIP. Journal of Ethnobiology 29:339-358. | Yes | Journal of Ethnobiology | Anthropology | Canada | Similarly, [NAME] et al. (1993) asserted that resources are almost inevitably overexploited by modern, science-based management systems through a combination of the inherent complexity of the physical and biological systems driving resource dynamics and the social and economic systems driving resource exploitation. This perspective has been supported and expanded upon by a series of more recent large-scale assessments, especially of marine systems (e.g., [NAME]. 2005; [NAME] et al. 2001; Worm et al. 2006). | Discussion | No | [NAME] University | No | 0 | None
369 | Ecology | >5 | 2007 | No | 2 | Female | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 2 | No | Yes | Yes | [NAME], H. M. and [NAME]. 2007. Confronting the challenges of implementing marine ecosystem-based management. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 5:540-548. | Yes | Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment | Ecology | USA | For example, in controlled experiments in marine settings, increased diversity has been shown to lead to increases in ecosystem function, such as biomass production, resource use, and nutrient cycling (Worm et al. 2006). // In an analysis of marine fisheries collapses worldwide, Worm et al. (2006) found that such collapses occurred at a higher rate in marine ecosystems with fewer fish species than in those that were species-rich. | Discussion | No | Princeton University | No | 0 | 9.113
370 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2008 | Yes | 2 | Female | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Lester, [NAME] [NAME]. 2008. Biological responses in marine no-take reserves versus partially protected areas. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 367:49-56. | Yes | Marine Ecology-Progress Series | Ecology | USA | Human activities have broad effects on coastal and oceanic marine systems ([NAME]. 2008b), often degrading ecosystem services (UNEP 2006), including many fisheries worldwide (Gewin 2004, Worm et al. 2006). | Intro | No | University of California, Santa Cruz | No | 1 | 2.711
371 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2009 | Yes | 8 | Female | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Lester, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], S. D. Gaines, S. Airame, and [NAME]. 2009. Biological effects within no-take marine reserves: a global synthesis. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 384:33-46. | Yes | Marine Ecology-Progress Series | Ecology | USA | Because marine reserves protect all species and habitats in an area from extractive activities, they are a central tool for ecosystem-based management and offer hope for mitigating some of the threats affecting coastal and marine systems (Worm et al. 2006). | Intro | No | University of California, Santa Cruz | No | 1 | 2.711
372 | Biology | >5 | 2009 | No | 4 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and D. Fluharty. 2009. Integrated Ecosystem Assessments: Developing the Scientific Basis for Ecosystem-Based Management of the Ocean. [NAME] 7:23-28. | Yes | [NAME] | Biology | USA | Aseries of prominent and controversial papers about the state of marine ecosystems has occupied the pages of high-profile journals over the last decade [1–7] | Intro | No | NOAA Fisheries | No | 0 | 11.452
373 | Biology | 3-5 | 2008 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 4 | No | Yes | Yes | [NAME], [NAME] and [NAME]. 2008. Resilience, robustness, and marine ecosystem-based management. Bioscience 58:27-32. | Yes | Bioscience | Biology | USA | Fisheries and other resource systems have declined drastically (Pauly et al. 1998, 2002, Myers and Worm 2003, Millennium Ecosystem Assessment 2006f, 2006g, Worm et al. 2006) as a result of overfishing, bycatch, habitat destruction, nutrient and chemical pollution, and selective fishing on apex predators [NAME] from the Pew Oceans Commission (2003), the US Commission on Ocean Policy (2004), the Joint Ocean Commission Initiative (2006), the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2006f, 2006g), and Worm and colleagues (2006) draw attention to the seriously disrupted state of marine ecosystems, a result of climate change, coastal development, overexploitation of ocean resources, nutrient and chemical pollution from the land, and other anthropogenic influences. Disruption of marine ecosystems diminishes ecosystem services such as the provision of fish and other seafood, the maintenance of water quality, and the control of pests and pathogens. The collective conclusion of these reports is that if people wish to have safe seafood, stable fisheries, abundant wildlife, clean beaches, and vibrant coastal communities, priority must be given to protecting and restoring the coupled land-ocean systems that provide these services. // There is also evidence from marine ecosystems that higher diversity provides robustness (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment 2006a, 2006b, 2006c, 2006d, 2006e, Worm et al. 2006). // A recent meta-analysis across multiple spatial and temporal scales in ocean ecosystems reinforces the conclusion that loss of biodiversity increases an ecosystem’s susceptibility to abrupt change and is also likely to result in loss of ecosystem services (Worm et al. 2006). | Intro / Discussion | No | Princeton University | No | 0 | 4.621
374 | Other | 3-5 | 2010 | No | 3 | Female | Canada | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and T. Pitcher. 2010. Presence of harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) may increase exploitable fish biomass in the Strait of Georgia. Progress in Oceanography 87:235-241. | Yes | Progress in Oceanography | Oceanography | Canada | On the other hand, many commercial fish stocks have been seriously depleted worldwide (e.g. Pauly et al., 1998; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | University of British Columbia | No | 0 | 3.142
375 | Other | 0-2 | 2012 | No | 2 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], [NAME] and [NAME]. 2012. A JUVENILE-ADULT DISCRETE-TIME PRODUCTION MODEL OF EXPLOITED FISHERY SYSTEMS. Natural Resource Modeling 25:273-324. | Yes | Natural Resource Modeling | Other | USA | The world’s natural fishery systems are collapsing as a direct result of overfishing and the overcapacity of fishing fleets (Myers [1998], Stoner and Ray-Culp [2000], Worm et al. [2002], [NAME] and Hare [2006], Eilperin [2006], Worm et al. [2006], Yakubu et al. [2011]) | Intro | No | Howard University | No | 0 | 0.556
376 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2010 | No | 8 | Male | Other | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Vertebrate fatty acyl desaturase with Delta 4 activity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 107:16840-16845. | Yes | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | Multidisciplinary | China | with declining fisheries worldwide (43) | Discussion | No | Shantou University | No | 0 | 9.681
377 | Other | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 1 | Male | Other | No | No | No | Yes | No | 2 | Yes | Yes | No | Liao, I. C. 2009. The Role of Aquaculture in Upcoming Food Crisis. Fish Pathology 44:1-8. | Yes | Fish Pathology | Other | Taiwan | However, capture fishery tends to level-off in terms of production, mainly due to the depletion of fishery resources and loss of marine biodiversity (Worm et al., 2006) // Worm et al. (2006) also predicted that all taxa currently fished will collapse by 2048 | Discussion | No | National Taiwan Ocean University | No | 0 | 0.721
378 | Fisheries | 2-3 | 2011 | No | 4 | Female | USA | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | Limburg, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Human Population Increase, Economic Growth, and Fish Conservation: Collision Course or Savvy Stewardship? Fisheries 36:27-34. | Yes | Fisheries | Fisheries | USA | This is similar to the conclusion drawn by Worm et al. (2006) that all then-currently exploited species would collapse by 2048. | Intro | No | State University of New York in Syracuse | No | 0 | 2.367
379 | Other | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 2 | Female | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], B. B. and [NAME]. 2011. The Vulnverability Cube: A Multi-Dimensional Framework for Assessing Relative Vulnerability. Environmental Management 48:631-643. | Yes | Environmental Management | Other | USA | Estuaries are bodies of water that form the transition zone between fresh water (e.g., rivers) and saltwater (e.g., ocean), providing a unique environment for wildlife, fisheries, and a range of ecosystem services important to society ([NAME] and others 2001; Worm and others 2006) | Discussion | No | U.S. Environmental Protection Agency | No | 0 | 1.744
380 | Other | 3-5 | 2010 | No | 3 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Link, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. The northeast US application of ATLANTIS: A full system model exploring marine ecosystem dynamics in a living marine resource management context. Progress in Oceanography 87:214-234. | Yes | Progress in Oceanography | Oceanography | USA | The second major caution is that many discussions of EBM, especially ecosystem-based fishery management (EBFM), have focused on a single ‘‘silver bullet” solution (e.g. spatial management (Worm et al., 2006) | Discussion | No | National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA | No | 0 | 3.142
381 | Other | 3-5 | 2008 | No | 7 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 2 | No | Yes | No | Little, D. C., [NAME], E. Azim, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Options for producing a warm-water fish in the UK: limits to "Green Growth"? Trends in Food Science & Technology 19:255-264. | Yes | Trends in Food Science & Technology | Other | United Kingdom | While the shift [to aquaculture] addresses certain public concerns, not only over declining fish stocks (Worm et al., 2006) // Depending upon the source of fish used and its trophic level, these feed ingredients can be subject to contamination with persistent organic compounds and their amplification through the food chain (Worm et al., 2006). | Intro | No | University of Stirling | No | 0 | 3.672
382 | Fisheries | 2-3 | 2009 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Litzow, [NAME] and D. Urban. 2009. Fishing through (and up) Alaskan food webs. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 66:201-211. | Yes | Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences | Fisheries | USA | However, a rigorous debate has recently played out over the exact nature of the global fisheries crisis (e.g., [NAME] et al. 2006; Worm et al. 2006; Hilborn 2007) | Discussion | No | NOAA Fisheries | No | 0 | 2.213
383 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 4 | Male | Other | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], [NAME] [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Population connectivity of neon damsel, Pomacentrus coelestis, inferred from otolith microchemistry and mtDNA. Marine and Freshwater Research 61:1416-1424. | Yes | Marine and Freshwater Research | Fisheries | Taiwan | As resource overexploitation in marine ecosystems has become an urgent issue over the last few decades (Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | National Taiwan University | No | 0 | 1.595
384 | Multidisciplinary | 0-2 | 2007 | No | 5 | Unknown | Other | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2007. Climatic control of plant species richness along elevation gradients in the Longitudinal Range-Gorge Region. Chinese Science Bulletin 52:50-58. | Yes | Chinese Science Bulletin | Multidisciplinary | China | Numerous studies have suggested that biodiversity enhances ecosystem reliability and affects ecosystem services and functioning [22-24] | Intro | No | Chinese Academy of Sciences | No | 0 | 1.321
385 | Biology | 3-5 | 2009 | No | 1 | Male | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Lobon-Cervia, J. 2009. Why, when and how do fish populations decline, collapse and recover? The example of brown trout (Salmo trutta) in Rio Chaballos (northwestern Spain). Freshwater Biology 54:1149-1162. | Yes | Freshwater Biology | Biology | Spain | The decline and collapse of fish populations […] have been widely reported during recent decades together with related deleterious effects on […] ecosystem dynamics (Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC) | No | 0 | 3.29
386 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2007 | No | 1 | Male | Europe | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | 13 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Longhurst, A. 2007. Doubt and certainty in fishery science: Are we really headed for a global collapse of stocks? Fisheries Research 86:1-5. | Yes | Fisheries Research | Fisheries | Spain | But a recent article in ‘Science’ by Worm et al. (2006) was more alarmist: their analysis of a spatially interpolated version of the FAO archives led these authors to conclude that the rate of stock collapses had accelerated throughout the period 1950–2004. They extrapolate this trend in such a way that many readers understood that all exploited fish and invertebrate stocks could collapse before mid-21st century if remedial action was not taken // one of these suggested that the ‘collapse’ data had been obtained by Worm et al. from FAO archives using unreliable assumptions [NAME] principally due to an emphasis on the beneficial consequences of ‘biodiversity’ for the stability, productivity and potential recovery of marine ecosystems: a central argument of the study is that the percentage of collapsed stocks is inversely related to regional biodiversity. This argument is based on experimental data from littoral ecosystems, and is then extended to the coastal ocean. // Using metanalysis of experimental results obtained in littoral ecosystems, and published in 16 science journals from 1960 to 1995, the authors conclude that we may assume that taxonomic diversity enhances ecosystem stability, where this is defined as “the ability to withstand recurrent perturbations”. The 20 papers used to support this conclusion report laboratory experiments or field manipulations of littoral species: the field data were dominated by manipulations of estuarine seagrass ([NAME]) beds. // The authors incorrectly assume that individual LMEs are “characterised by distinct bathymetry, hydrography, productivity and food webs” as suggested long ago by [NAME] inter-regional comparisons of the kind attempted by Worm et al. // the data concerning taxonomic diversity of fish (from www.fishbase.org of the UBC Fisheries Center) that were used for this analysis // it is not possible to support the central conclusions of Worm et al. concerning the ‘relative stability and productivity’ of regions with high taxonomic diversity which is due (they claim, using a term from economics) to the portfolio effect ‘whereby a more diverse array of species provides a larger number of ecological functions and economic opportunities, leading to a more stable trajectory and a better performance over time’. // the authors do recognize the “inherent problem of inferring causation from correlation in larger-scale studies” // their central proposition that taxonomic diversity enhances ecosystem stability [NAME] et al. took only the first and last of these precautions. // The controversial paper of Worm et al. is close to what has been described as ‘faith-based fishery science’ (Hilborn, 2006). // The results reported by Worm et al., and the very public interpretation of their text // one is certainly led to wonder why the peer reviewers of the Worm et al. paper failed so signally to locate many apparent errors | Intro / Discussion | No | Place de l’Eglise | No | 0 | 1.586
387 | Biology | >5 | 2008 | No | 1 | Male | Canada | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Loreau, M. 2008. Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning: The mystery of the deep sea. [NAME] 18:R126-R128. | Yes | Current Biology | Biology | Canada | Recent meta-analyses of these studies show that species diversity generally has a positive but saturating effect on ecosystem processes that is remarkably consistent across trophic levels and ecosystem types [5–7] | Discussion | No | McGill University | No | 0 | 9.647
388 | Other | 2-3 | 2010 | Yes | 1 | Female | Canada | No | No | No | Yes | No | 5 | No | No | Yes | Lotze, H. K. 2010. HISTORICAL RECONSTRUCTION OF HUMAN-INDUCED CHANGES IN US ESTUARIES. Pages 267-338 in [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME], editors. Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review, Vol 48. | Yes | Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review | Oceanography | Canada | The losses of these functions and services have brought rising health risks and costs to society, such as increasing beach closures, harmful algal blooms, fish kills, shellfish closures, oxygen depletion, flooding and invasions (Worm et al. 2006) // Diversity has been changed by declines in relative abundance in all taxonomic groups. This has also affected relative abundance of different functional groups and the services the estuarine ecosystems perform. The loss of diversity, functions and services has contributed to the increase in a range of risks to environmental and human health. (Data for diversity and functions adapted from Lotze et al. 2006, for services and risks from Worm et al. 2006.) [NAME] diversity has been linked to greater stability, productivity and recovery potential both in small-scale experiments and large-scale ecosystem comparisons (Worm et al. 2006) // Studies of marine protected areas show that species richness and productivity increased within compared with outside protected zones (Worm et al. 2006) // Yet, protecting and restoring marine biodiversity are key to maintaining essential ecosystem services (Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | Dalhousie University | Yes | 1 | 2.727
389 | Ecology | >5 | 2011 | Yes | 5 | Female | Canada | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | 5 | No | No | Yes | Lotze, H. K., M. Coll, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Recovery of marine animal populations and ecosystems. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 26:595-605. | Yes | Trends in Ecology & Evolution | Ecology | Canada | Other studies showed that recovery often depends on […] extrinsic factors, such as the type and magnitude of disturbance [21–23] // Cessation of exploitation in marine protected areas (MPAs) around the world resulted in significant increases in species richness of fishes and invertebrates [15,22] // Moreover, significant increases occurred in secondary productivity, ecosystem stability and economic revenue from recreational diving in 48 MPAs and fisheries closures worldwide [22] // Other societal and ecological factors that are needed for recovery: Societal and ecological factors: Diversity: Species richness [22] // Thus, species diversity has been positively correlated to recovery, for example in fish stocks [22] | Intro / Discussion | No | Dalhousie University | Yes | 1 | 15.748
390 | Other | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 2 | Female | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 3 | No | Yes | Yes | [NAME], [NAME] and [NAME]. 2010. The Interconnected Biosphere: Science at the Ocean's Tipping Points. Oceanography 23:115-129. | Yes | Oceanography | Oceanography | USA | At the global scale, the loss of species from large marine ecosystems has led to a reduction in the ocean’s capacity to provide food, improve water quality, and recover from disturbance (Worm et al., 2006) // This has been documented for areas that are recovering from species loss: as diversity increases, valuable ecosystem services are restored, leading to higher resilience (Worm et al., 2006) // Percentage of fisheries collapsed (left y-axis) without (solid line) and with (dotted line) catch share management using the Worm et al. (2006) collapse threshold of 10% of historical maximum | Discussion | No | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) | No | 0 | 2.986
391 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2009 | No | 5 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | 2 | No | Yes | No | Lynham, J., C. Costello, S. D. Gaines, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Diverse Fisheries Require Diverse Solutions Response. Science 323:338-339. | Yes | Science | Multidisciplinary | USA | We agree that ITQs are not a panacea; we simply used them as a convenient subset of rightsbased management to test whether Worm et al.’s prediction (1) of 100% collapse holds true for rights-based fisheries. // The data used by Worm et al. are aggregated over large spatial areas, and ITQ fisheries are the only rights-based fisheries that are implemented on a similar scale. | Discussion | No | University of Hawaii | No | 0 | 32.452
392 | Other | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 2 | Male | Canada | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Mackas, [NAME] and [NAME]. 2010. Comparisons of zooplankton time series. Journal of Marine Systems 79:286-304. | Yes | Journal of Marine Systems | Oceanography | Canada | Conversely, high diversity is believed to contribute to several ‘positive’ attributes of marine ecosystems, including their resilience to disturbance ([NAME], 2005; Worm et al., 2006) | Discussion | No | Fisheries and Oceans Canada | No | 0 | 2.126
393 | Policy | >5 | 2012 | No | 6 | Female | Other | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Madin, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. [NAME]-economic and management implications of range-shifting species in marine systems. Global Environmental Change-Human and Policy Dimensions 22:137-146. | Yes | Global Environmental Change-Human and Policy Dimensions | Policy | Australia | Given these changes, coupled with the many ecosystem services provided by coastal marine biodiversity (Worm et al., 2006), | Discussion | No | University of Technology | No | 0 | 6.868
394 | Ecology | >5 | 2008 | No | 4 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 2 | No | No | No | Madin, [NAME], S. Bowers, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Advancing ecological research with ontologies. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 23:159-168. | Yes | Trends in Ecology & Evolution | Ecology | USA | This situation extends to other fields as well, where the need to address problems of human impacts upon natural systems (such as threats of climate change, and species invasion and extinction) [7–9] increasingly requires access to multi-disciplinary information, including chemical, behavioral, geological, meteorological and sociological data. // Interest in developing ontologies for describing ecological data is growing, because newer synthetic approaches to ecological analyses increasingly rely on streamlined access to a broad range of cross-disciplinary data sources and larger-scale monitoring studies [6,7,36] | Intro / Discussion | No | National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis | No | 0 | 15.748
395 | Other | 3-5 | 2008 | No | 3 | Female | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Mahaffey, [NAME] [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Methylmercury and omega-3 fatty acids: Co-occurrence of dietary sources with emphasis on fish and shellfish. Environmental Research 107:20-29. | Yes | Environmental Research | Other | USA | The world-wide concern regarding sustainability of fish supplies and over-fishing on species loss (Price, 2001), maintenance of biodiversity (Worm et al., 2005, 2006) | Discussion | No | United States Environmental Protection Agency | No | 0 | 3.398
396 | Biology | 0-2 | 2012 | No | 5 | Female | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Malea, P., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Do interrelationships among benthic components mirror disturbance levels? Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 92:235-243. | Yes | Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom | Biology | Greece | One of the implied challenges was to determine the extent to which changes in biodiversity may induce reduction of the potential of ecosystems to perform well and to provide the citizens of the world with products and services (Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | Aristotle University of Thessaloniki | No | 0 | 1
397 | Other | >5 | 2008 | No | 4 | Female | Canada | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | 2 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], R., [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Nitrogen transfer from sea to land via commercial fisheries. Nature Geoscience 1:111-113. | Yes | Nature Geoscience | Other | Canada | The role of commercial fisheries in altering fish stocks has been explored [4–6] // Although it is generally recognized that global fisheries alter food web structure, fish biomass and diversity in the ocean [3–6] | Abstract / Discussion | No | Universite´ de Montre´ al | No | 0 | 11.754
398 | Other | 2-3 | 2009 | No | 4 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Margarit, [NAME], [NAME], J. Fortuny-Guasch, and [NAME]. 2009. Phenomenological Vessel Scattering Study Based on Simulated Inverse SAR Imagery. Ieee Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 47:1212-1223. | Yes | IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing | Other | Spain | One of the main hot spots is overfishing, as recent studies indicate that 80% of the world’s fisheries are nowadays close to their maximum sustainable production [1], [2]. | Intro | No | Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya | No | 0 | 2.895
399 | Other | 2-3 | 2009 | No | 2 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Martinet, V. and [NAME]. 2009. Fishery externalities and biodiversity: Trade-offs between the viability of shrimp trawling and the conservation of Frigatebirds in French [NAME]. Ecological Economics 68:2960-2968. | Yes | Ecological Economics | Economics | France | Worm et al. (2006) emphasize the negative consequences of biodiversity loss in marine ecosystems on the productivity and stability of these ecosystems | Discussion | No | AgroParisTech | No | 0 | 2.713
400 | Other | 2-3 | 2012 | No | 11 | Female | Other | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Martins, [NAME], [NAME], C. Faveri, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], F. Chow, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. The impact of coastal urbanization on the structure of phytobenthic communities in southern Brazil. Marine Pollution Bulletin 64:772-778. | Yes | Marine Pollution Bulletin | Other | Brazil | Species diversity is one of the most important descriptors of a community, since it is related to its productivity and stability ([NAME], 2005; Worm et al., 2006) | Discussion | No | Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina | No | 0 | 2.503
401 | Other | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 6 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 1 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], [NAME] [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Failure of population recovery in relation to disease in Pacific herring. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 90:1-14. | Yes | Diseases of Aquatic Organisms | Other | USA | Fishery collapse is often attributed to overfishing, pollution, and habitat destruction (Holmlund & Hammer 1999, [NAME] et al. 2001, Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | University of California, [NAME] | No | 0 | 2.201
402 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 4 | Male | USA | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Maschner, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. A 4500-year time series of Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) size and abundance: archaeology, oceanic regime shifts, and sustainable fisheries. Fishery [NAME]. | Yes | Fishery Bulletin | Fisheries | USA | Most fisheries management and conservation research has been restricted to interpreting trends and data sets that span just a few decades (Pauly et al., 1998; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | Idaho State University | No | 0 | 1.098
403 | Other | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 1 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], J. 2010. Bad Weather: On Planetary Crisis. Social Studies of Science 40:7-40. | Yes | Social Studies of Science | Other | USA | the oceans are losing the biodiversity that maintains ecological resilience to disease (Stokstad, 2006;Worm et [NAME], 2006) | Discussion | No | University of Chicago | No | 0 | 1.5
404 | Ecology | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 5 | Male | Other | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Matsuda, H., M. Makino, [NAME], [NAME], and J. C. Castilla. 2010. Fishery management in Japan. Ecological Research 25:899-907. | Yes | Ecological Research | Ecology | Japan | There are many warnings in global marine ecosystems (Pauly et al. 2002; Myers and Worm 2003; Worm et al. 2006). | Discussion | No | Yokohama National University | No | 0 | 1.565
405 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 1 | Male | Other | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Mayfield, S. 2010. Enhancing fishery assessments for an Australian abalone fishery using commercial weight-grade data. Fisheries Research 105:28-37. | Yes | Fisheries Research | Fisheries | Australia | Failure to manage fisheries effectively can have substantial effects on social, economic and ecosystem conditions ([NAME], 2006; Worm et al., 2006, 2009) | Intro | No | South Australian Research and Development Institute | No | 0 | 1.586
406 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 4 | Male | Other | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | Yes | Mayfield, S., [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Invertebrate Dive Fisheries Can Be Sustainable: Forty Years of Production from [NAME] off Southern Australia. Reviews in Fisheries Science 19:216-230. | Yes | Reviews in Fisheries Science | Fisheries | Australia | Consequently, there is widespread evidence of over-exploitation and stock collapse (Myers and Worm, 2003; [NAME], 2009) that has follow-on effects to ecosystem function and biodiversity (Jackson et al., 2001; Lotze et al., 2006; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | South Australian Research and Development Institute | No | 0 | 1.946
407 | Other | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 3 | Female | USA | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Maynard, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. [NAME] and [NAME] to an Adverse Food Safety Event: The Case of Frozen Salmon in Alberta. International Food and Agribusiness Management Review 11:77-95. | Yes | International Food and Agribusiness Management Review | Other | USA | Examples of other negative issues that might reduce seafood demand include […] trends toward collapse of major ocean fisheries (Worm et al., 2006). | Intro | No | University of Kentucky | No | 0 | 0.283
408 | Other | 0-2 | 2007 | No | 2 | Female | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | [NAME], E. and [NAME]. 2007. The sea from space - Applying remote sensing to social needs. Marine Technology Society Journal 41:4-15. | Yes | Marine Technology Society Journal | Other | Italy | A recent study found that, based on the current trajectory, a complete collapse of all species presently fished could occur within forty years (Worm et al., 2006) | Discussion | No | NATO Undersea Research Center | No | 0 | 0.528
409 | Conservation | 3-5 | 2008 | No | 11 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | McClanahan, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Conservation action in a changing climate. Conservation Letters 1:53-59. | Yes | Conservation Letters | Conservation | USA | We predict that the current emphasis on the creation of closures, which are expected to build ecological resilience and minimize climate change impacts through increasing grazing capacity and coral recovery trajectories (Worm et al. 2006; [NAME] et al. 2007) | Discussion | No | Wildlife Conservation Society | No | 0 | 4.082
410 | Ecology | >5 | 2008 | No | 3 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | McClanahan, [NAME] [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Malthusian overfishing and efforts to overcome it on Kenyan coral reefs. Ecological Applications 18:1516-1529. | Yes | Ecological Applications | Ecology | USA | Investigations that determine how these factors can influence catch are needed for management tools to alleviate the growing global fisheries crises (McGoodwin 1990, Worm et al. 2006, Newton et al. 2007). | Intro | No | Wildlife Conservation Society | No | 0 | 5.102
411 | Fisheries | >5 | 2008 | No | 2 | Female | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], [NAME] [NAME]. 2008. Quantifying fishing effort: a synthesis of current methods and their applications. Fish and Fisheries 9:188-200. | Yes | Fish and Fisheries | Fisheries | USA | This increase in fishing pressure has raised concerns about the sustainable removal of both target [catch] (Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | Duke University | No | 0 | 5.8
412 | Other | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 3 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | McGough, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Optimally Managing a Stochastic Renewable Resource under General Economic Conditions. B E Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy 9. | Yes | B E Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy | Economics | USA | Despite this, overexploitation of fish stocks is a chronic problem worldwide (Food and Agriculture Organization 2004; Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | Oregon State University | No | 0 | 0.55
413 | Ecology | 0-2 | 2007 | No | 4 | Female | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | McIntosh, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2007. Database design for ecologists: Composing core entities with observations. Ecological Informatics 2:224-236. | Yes | Ecological Informatics | Ecology | USA | Ecological synthesis will likely involve large-scale and long-term data from multiple sites and require extensive data sharing and data mining (http://www.evergreen.edu/bdei; e.g., Knapp and Smith, 2001; [NAME] and [NAME], 2001;Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | The Evergreen State College | No | 0 | 1.432
414 | Ecology | >5 | 2010 | No | 3 | Female | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | McLaughlin, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Temporal Variability in Predator-Prey Relationships of a Forest Floor Food Web. Pages 171-264 in G. Woodward, editor. Advances in Ecological Research: Ecological Networks, Vol 42. | Yes | Advances in Ecological Research: Ecological Networks | Ecology | United Kingdom | Empirically predicting the consequences of biodiversity loss from complex multitrophic systems is often  limited by the feasibility of replicating large-scale factorial experiments that examine the effects of biodiversity on ecosystem processes, such as primary productivity, secondary production and decomposition rates ([NAME], 1999; Jonsson and Malmqvist, 2000; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | Queens University | No | 0 | 5.333
415 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 4 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Modelling the sequential geographical exploitation and potential collapse of marine fisheries through economic globalization, climate change and management alternatives. Scientia Marina 75:779-790. | Yes | Scientia Marina | Fisheries | United Kingdom | While the global collapse emerges here as a result of a theoretical simulation, it has been predicted using real fisheries data (Worm et al., 2006) | Discussion | No | Plymouth Marine Laboratory | No | 0 | 1.278
416 | Other | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 1 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | Merrill, [NAME]. TRAWLING FOR MEANING: A NEW STANDARD FOR "BEST SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION AVAILABLE" IN THE MAGNUSON-STEVENS FISHERIES CONSERVATION ACT. Catholic University Law Review 60:475-503. | Yes | Catholic University Law Review | Other | USA | Just before Congress passed the 2007 Act was passed, a scientific study by [NAME] claimed that, at the then-current harvesting rates, the oceans would become a barren wasteland by 2048. See [NAME] et al., Impacts of Biodiversity Loss on Ocean Ecosystem Services, 314 Sci. 787, 790 (2006). | Discussion | No | The Catholic University of America | No | 0 | 0.333
417 | Other | >5 | 2009 | No | 3 | Female | Other | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 2 | No | Yes | Yes | [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Genetic diversity and gene flow in collapsed and healthy abalone fisheries. Molecular Ecology 18:200-211. | Yes | Molecular Ecology | Other | Australia | Indeed, current estimates indicate 29% of the world’s fisheries have collapsed and are no longer economically viable, and these levels are predicted to rise (Worm et al. 2006). // One of the major issues associated with fisheries management is optimizing yield without compromising ecosystem or population processes ([NAME]. 1991; Caddy & Seijo 2005; Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | University of Tasmania | No | 0 | 5.522
418 | Other | >5 | 2011 | No | 3 | Male | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Minghetti, M., M. J. Leaver, and [NAME]. 2011. Transcriptional control mechanisms of genes of lipid and fatty acid metabolism in the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) established cell line, SHK-1. Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta-Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids 1811:194-202. | Yes | Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta-Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids | Other | United Kingdom | However, with the decline in commercial fisheries [19] | Intro | No | University of Stirling | No | 0 | 5.269
419 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2012 | No | 7 | Female | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Mirto, S., M. Gristina, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Meiofauna as an indicator for assessing the impact of fish farming at an exposed marine site. Ecological Indicators 18:468-476. | Yes | Ecological Indicators | Ecology | Italy | The rapid expansion of marine aquaculture is a potential solution to the problem of overfishing and fisheries depletion worldwide, but is also a major threat to marine ecosystems (Jackson, 2001; Schiermeier, 2002), reducing the value of the natural capital and benefits that humans gather from the exploitation of resources in coastal areas (Worm et al., 2006). | Intro | No | Institute for Coastal Marine Environment (IAMC), CNR | No | 0 | 2.695
420 | Ecology | >5 | 2009 | No | 3 | Male | Canada | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Molloy, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Effects of marine reserve age on fish populations: a global meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Ecology 46:743-751. | Yes | Journal of Applied Ecology | Ecology | Canada | Of the numerous threats to marine biodiversity, fishing is arguably the most pervasive (Halpern et al. 2008) and damaging (Watling & Norse 1998; Roberts & Hawkins 1999; Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | [NAME] University | No | 0 | 5.045
421 | Other | 2-3 | 2011 | No | 7 | Female | Other | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Moloney, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Weaving marine food webs from end to end under global change. Journal of Marine Systems 84:106-116. | Yes | Journal of Marine Systems | Other | South Africa | Marine biodiversity is believed to influence the delivery of ecosystem services such as fisheries production (Worm et al., 2006) | Discussion | No | University of Cape Town | No | 0 | 2.126
422 | Other | >5 | 2010 | No | 6 | Male | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Monroig, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Multiple genes for functional Delta 6 fatty acyl desaturases (Fad) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar [NAME]): [NAME] and cDNA characterization, functional expression, tissue distribution and nutritional regulation. Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta-Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids 1801:1072-1081. | Yes | Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta-Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids | Other | United Kingdom | With declining fisheries worldwide [22] | Intro | No | University of Stirling | No | 0 | 5.269
423 | Other | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 7 | Female | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Montefalcone, M., [NAME], M. Vacchi, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Human influence on seagrass habitat fragmentation in NW Mediterranean Sea. [NAME] and [NAME] 86:292-298. | Yes | Estuarine Coastal and [NAME] | Other | Italy | The marine realm is characterized by a comparatively higher functional connectivity than the terrestrial one (Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | University of Genoa | No | 0 | 2.247
424 | Other | 2-3 | 2009 | No | 10 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Mooney, H., A. Larigauderie, [NAME], T. Elmquist, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], M. Palmer, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Biodiversity, climate change, and ecosystem services. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 1:46-54. | Yes | Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability | Other | USA | The principal ocean-derived ecosystem services used by humans including tourism, fisheries, nursery habitats are therefore all compromised [24] | Discussion | No | Stanford University | No | 0 | 2.438
425 | Biology | >5 | 2010 | No | 1 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Mooney, H. A. 2010. The ecosystem-service chain and the biological diversity crisis. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences 365:31-39. | Yes | Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences | Biology | USA | Probing these relationships is not limited to terrestrial ecosystems but also extends to marine systems (Worm et al. 2006). | Discussion | No | Stanford University | No | 0 | 6.401
426 | Biology | >5 | 2009 | Yes | 10 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 2 | No | No | Yes | Mora, C., R. A. Myers, [NAME], S. Libralato, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Management Effectiveness of the World's Marine Fisheries. [NAME]. | Yes | [NAME] | Biology | USA | Severe reductions in abundance can […] trigger broader ecosystem changes (e.g., [8–10]) // The ongoing decline in marine fisheries catches [5,9,33–36] | Intro / Conclusions | No | Scripps Institution of Oceanography | No | 2 | 11.452
427 | Biology | >5 | 2008 | No | 3 | Male | Canada | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 1 | No | Yes | No | Mora, C., D. P. Tittensor, and [NAME]. 2008. The completeness of taxonomic inventories for describing the global diversity and distribution of marine fishes. Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences 275:149-155. | Yes | Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences | Biology | Canada | Given that current projections on biodiversity change and the extent of human threats predict major biodiversity losses within the next half of a century ([NAME]. 2004; Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | Dalhousie University | No | 0 | 5.415
428 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2010 | No | 4 | Male | Other | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Morato, T., [NAME], V. Allain, and [NAME]. 2010. Seamounts are hotspots of pelagic biodiversity in the open ocean. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 107:9707-9711. | Yes | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | Multidisciplinary | New Caledonia | For the last decade there has been considerable debate about the status and sustainability of pelagic fisheries around the world (1–6) and their effects on the ecosystems that support them (7–10) | Intro | No | Secretariat of the Pacific Community | No | 0 | 9.681
429 | Policy | 0-2 | 2012 | No | 8 | Female | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Moreno-Baez, M., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], T. Pfister, [NAME], [NAME], and M. Rojo. 2012. Integrating the spatial and temporal dimensions of fishing activities for management in the Northern Gulf of California, Mexico. Ocean & Coastal Management 55:111-127. | Yes | Ocean & Coastal Management | Policy | USA | The collapse of many of the world’s fisheries (Jackson et al., 2001; Myers and Worm, 2003; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | University of Arizona | No | 0 | 1.333
430 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2009 | No | 11 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], V. Quintino, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Caulerpa prolifera stable isotope ratios reveal anthropogenic nutrients within a tidal lagoon. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 390:117-128. | Yes | Marine Ecology-Progress Series | Ecology | Spain | These shifts [in the benthic autotrophic community] can have consequences for the diversity and functioning of coastal ecosystems (Bachelet et al. 2000, Worm et al. 2006, Corzo et al. 2009) | Intro | No | University of Cádiz | No | 0 | 2.711
431 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 2 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 2 | No | Yes | No | Mourente, [NAME] and D. R. Tocher. 2009. [NAME] and Feeds: Current Status and Future Perspectives. Reviews in Fisheries Science 17:373-390. | Yes | Reviews in Fisheries Science | Fisheries | Spain | However, the wild capture fisheries, whether for food- or feed-grade fish, are finite resources that, although potentially renewable, are highly vulnerable so that their sustainability is in question (Worm et al., 2006). // Over-exploitation (fishing) of individual fish species, whether for direct human consumption or reduction to fish meal and fish oil, has caused the collapse or near collapse of some valuable fisheries (Worm et al., 2006) | Discussion | No | University of Cádiz | No | 0 | 1.946
432 | Policy | 0-2 | 2012 | No | 4 | Male | Canada | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Mullowney, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Impacts of a bottom trawling exclusion zone on Snow Crab abundance and fish harvester behavior in the Labrador Sea, Canada. Marine Policy 36:567-575. | Yes | Marine Policy | Policy | Canada | the status of fishery resources […] will generally continue to decline without improved strategies [20] | Intro | No | Fisheries and Oceans Canada | No | 0 | 1.865
433 | Fisheries | >5 | 2008 | No | 4 | Male | Other | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Munday, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Climate change and the future for coral reef fishes. Fish and Fisheries 9:261-285. | Yes | Fish and Fisheries | Fisheries | Australia | and although diverse multi-species fisheries are likely to be more resilient to environmental change than highly specialized fisheries (Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | [NAME] University | No | 0 | 5.8
434 | Other | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 8 | Female | Canada | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Murchie, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Strategies for the capture and transport of bonefish, Albula vulpes, from tidal creeks to a marine research laboratory for long-term holding. Aquaculture Research 40:1538-1550. | Yes | Aquaculture Research | Other | Canada | In recent years, the apparent world-wide decline in marine fish populations (e.g., Pauly, Alder, [NAME], [NAME], Tyedmers & Watson 2003; Pauly, Watson & Alder 2005; Worm, Barbier, Beaumont, Du¡y, Folke, [NAME], Jackson, Lotze, Micheli, Palumbi, Sala, [NAME], Stachowicz & Watson 2006) | Intro | No | Carleton University | No | 0 | 1.203
435 | Ecology | >5 | 2008 | No | 1 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Naeem, S. 2008. Advancing realism in biodiversity research. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 23:414-416. | Yes | Trends in Ecology & Evolution | Ecology | USA | Although the study of BEF [biodiversity and ecosystem functioning] was initially controversial, [...] meta-analyses [5,6] have established BEF [biodiversity and ecosystem functioning] research as a robust body of findings that support significant influences of biodiversity on ecosystem functioning. | Discussion | No | Columbia University | No | 0 | 15.748
436 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2008 | No | 1 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Naeem, S. 2008. Ecology - Green with complexity. Science 319:913-914. | Yes | Science | Multidisciplinary | USA | Recent research suggests that diversity in higher trophic levels has similar effects (more consumer diversity, more consumer biomass) (6, 7). | Discussion | No | Columbia University | No | 0 | 32.452
437 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2009 | No | 1 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Naeem, S. 2009. ECOLOGY Gini in the bottle. Nature 458:579-580. | Yes | Nature | Multidisciplinary | USA | Today, evidence that plant, animal and microbial biodiversity influences […] marine ecosystem functions [4] | Discussion | No | Columbia University | No | 0 | 36.28
438 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2012 | Yes | 3 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Naeem, S., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. The Functions of Biological Diversity in an Age of Extinction. Science 336:1401-1406. | Yes | Science | Multidisciplinary | USA | Meta-analyses and integrative studies can help to address this issue. Meta-analyses have identified central tendencies in biodiversity and ecosystem functioning’s diverse arrays of studies [e.g., (42–46)] | Discussion | No | Columbia University | No | 1 | 32.452
439 | Ecology | >5 | 2011 | No | 4 | Male | USA | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Naidoo, R., [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Effect of biodiversity on economic benefits from communal lands in Namibia. Journal of Applied Ecology 48:310-316. | Yes | Journal of Applied Ecology | Ecology | USA | Crucially, however, save for one case from marine fisheries (Worm et al. 2006), none of these studies have examined the provision of ecosystem services at varying levels of biodiversity in a natural system. | Intro | No | World Wildlife Fund - USA | No | 0 | 5.045
440 | Multidisciplinary | 3-5 | 2010 | No | 7 | Female | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 3 | No | No | Yes | Narayanaswamy, B. E., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Biodiversity Trends along the Western European Margin. [NAME] One 5. | Yes | [NAME] One | Multidisciplinary | United Kingdom | As anthropogenic disturbance and climate change threaten biodiversity in terrestrial and marine habitats, one of the urgent challenges in ecosystem research is to identify causal links between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning (BEF) and services [1] // Examples of BEF studies conducted on much larger scales and involving natural ecosystems in the marine realm are those by Worm et al. [1] // Although such large-scale studies necessarily rely on correlations for inferred causality, the outcomes are in agreement with experimental and theoretical evidence, namely, that high diversity systems provide more services with less variability [1] | Intro | No | Scottish Marine Institute | No | 0 | 4.092
441 | Ecology | >5 | 2012 | No | 2 | Female | Canada | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Narwani, A. and [NAME]. 2012. Bottom-up effects of species diversity on the functioning and stability of food webs. Journal of Animal Ecology 81:701-713. | Yes | Journal of Applied Ecology | Ecology | Canada | More generally, species diversity has been found to have positive effects on average levels of a variety of ecosystem functions, including nutrient uptake, resource use efficiency, carbon fixation, respiration, decomposer activity, secondary production and resistance to disturbance (Cardinale et al. 2006; Balvanera et al. 2006; Worm et al. 2006; [NAME] et al. 2008; reviewed in Schmid et al. 2009), and may stabilize themas well ([NAME]. 2008) | Intro | No | University of Victoria | No | 0 | 5.045
442 | Other | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 3 | Male | Other | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Navarrete, [NAME], [NAME], and J. C. Castilla. 2010. Long-term monitoring of coastal ecosystems at Las Cruces, Chile: Defining baselines to build ecological literacy in a world of change. [NAME] 83:143-157. | Yes | [NAME] | Other | Chile | In this thorny and often polemic endeavor (e.g. Worm et al. 2006, [NAME] 2007, [NAME] et [NAME]. 2007, Worm et al. 2007) | Intro | No | [NAME] Católica de Chile | No | 0 | 0.85
443 | Fisheries | 2-3 | 2011 | No | 3 | Male | Canada | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Neff, B. D., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Conservation and enhancement of wild fish populations: preserving genetic quality versus genetic diversity. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 68:1139-1154. | Yes | Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences | Fisheries | Canada | Furthermore, over the last 20 years, catches of more than a quarter of all fished species fell below 10% of their previous levels (Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | University of Western Ontario | No | 0 | 2.213
444 | Other | 3-5 | 2009 | No | 5 | Male | Other | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 2 | No | No | No | Neira, S., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Mechanisms affecting recovery in an upwelling food web: The case of the southern Humboldt. Progress in Oceanography 83:404-416. | Yes | Progress in Oceanography | Oceanography | Chile | For this reason, fishing is considered the main threat to marine ecosystems (Jackson et al., 2001; Pauly et al., 2002; Worm et al., 2006) // The reversibility of these ecosystem-scale changes is still poorly known, but is of importance for fisheries science and management due to their potential ecological, economic and social consequences (Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | [NAME] en [NAME] Patagonia | No | 0 | 3.142
445 | Other | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 2 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Nellen, [NAME] and [NAME]. 2008. Evolutionary steps in ichthyology and new challenges. [NAME] 49:201-232. | Yes | Acta Adriatica | Other | Germany | It should be mentioned as well that once awhile publications appear which speculative and cursory approach, respectively, and which are annoying and in no way helpful (WORM et al., 2006) especially when getting published in prestigious journals and which invite much criticism (HILBORN, 2006, 2007; HÖLKER et al., 2007) | Discussion | No | University of Hamburg | No | 0 | 0.5
446 | Other | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 3 | Male | Other | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | [NAME], P. D., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Long-Chain Omega-3 Oils-An Update on Sustainable Sources. Nutrients 2:572-585. | Yes | Nutrients | Other | Australia | It has been further stated that ocean and fish stock health are considered so under threat that by 2048 ‘all commercial fish and seafood may collapse’ [17] | Discussion | No | CSIRO Food Futures Flagship | No | 0 | 0.676
447 | Other | 2-3 | 2007 | No | 6 | Female | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], D., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2007. Relationships between [NAME] and habitat suitability for juvenile common sole (Solea solea, [NAME]) in the Vilaine estuary (Bay of Biscay, France) nursery ground. [NAME] and [NAME] 73:639-650. | Yes | Estuarine Coastal and [NAME] | Other | France | at a time when most adult fish stocks are stressed by fisheries (Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | [NAME] | No | 0 | 2.247
448 | Other | 3-5 | 2012 | No | 3 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], E., [NAME], and L. Valdes. 2012. The influence of phytoplankton productivity, temperature and environmental stability on the control of copepod diversity in the North East Atlantic. Progress in Oceanography 97:92-107. | Yes | Progress in Oceanography | Oceanography | Spain | However, while the patterns have become increasingly well documented, especially in the last decade due to the concerns about the impacts of global change on the erosion of diversity and its effect on ecosystem function and dynamics ([NAME] and Gaston, 2000; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | [NAME] | No | 0 | 3.142
449 | Biology | >5 | 2012 | No | 1 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Norris, K. 2012. Biodiversity in the context of ecosystem services: the applied need for systems approaches. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences 367:191-199. | Yes | Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences | Biology | United Kingdom | It has long been recognized that biodiversity plays an important functional role in ecosystems [14,31–33] | Discussion | No | University of Reading | No | 0 | 6.401
450 | Policy | 0-2 | 2012 | Yes | 14 | Male | USA | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Norse, E. A., S. Brooke, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], T. Morato, [NAME], D. Pauly, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Sustainability of deep-sea fisheries. Marine Policy 36:307-320. | Yes | Marine Policy | Policy | USA | Governments and international governing organizations need to know this because maintaining biodiversity in the deep sea is crucial to biogeochemistry on a global scale, and hence to humankind [22,23] | Intro | No | Marine Conservation Institute | No | 1 | 1.865
451 | Ecology | None | 2012 | No | 1 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | Northcott, [NAME]. Artificial persons against nature: environmental governmentality, economic corporations, and ecological ethics. Pages 104-117 in [NAME] and [NAME], editors. Year in Ecology and Conservation Biology. | Yes | Year in Ecology and Conservation Biology | Ecology | United Kingdom | Overharvesting  threatens turning large areas of the marine environment into marine deserts by midcentury at present rates of destruction. [15] | Discussion | No | University of Edinburgh | No | 0 | None
452 | Other | 3-5 | 2007 | No | 1 | Female | Other | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], B. F. 2007. Parasitic diseases in marine cage culture - An example of experimental evolution of parasites? International Journal for Parasitology 37:581-588. | Yes | International Journal for Parasitology | Other | Australia | As wild fisheries continue to decline (Hutchings, 2000; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | University of Tasmania | No | 0 | 3.393
453 | Ecology | >5 | 2010 | No | 2 | Male | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | O'Gorman, [NAME]. 2010. Manipulating Interaction Strengths and the Consequences for Trivariate Patterns in a Marine Food Web. Pages 301-419 in G. Woodward, editor. Advances in Ecological Research: Ecological Networks, Vol 42. | Yes | Advances in Ecological Research: Ecological Networks | Ecology | Ireland | We are currently in the midst of a global extinction crisis (Dirzo and Raven, 2003; [NAME] et al., 1995, 2006; [NAME] et al., 2000; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | University College Cork | No | 0 | 5.333
454 | Ecology | 3-5 | 2008 | No | 3 | Male | Europe | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | O'Gorman, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Predator diversity enhances secondary production and decreases the likelihood of trophic cascades. Oecologia 158:557-567. | Yes | Oecologia | Ecology | Ireland | A number of recent meta-analyses of studies from the published literature have all demonstrated the positive effect of diversity on ecosystem processes (Balvanera et al. 2006; Cardinale et al. 2006; Worm et al. 2006) // Furthermore, recent meta-analyses have shown that biodiversity loss is putting increasing pressure on the productivity and stability of marine ecosystems (Worm et al. 2006) | Intro / Discussion | No | University College Cork | No | 0 | 3.412
455 | Other | 2-3 | 2011 | No | 7 | Female | Europe | No | No | No | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | O'Leary, B. C., [NAME], F. C. Neale, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Fisheries mismanagement. Marine Pollution Bulletin 62:2642-2648. | Yes | Marine Pollution Bulletin | Other | United Kingdom | Population collapse 0.1B0 10% of virgin biomass (Worm et al., 2006) | Methods | Yes | University of York | No | 0 | 2.503
456 | Biology | >5 | 2009 | No | 7 | Female | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 1 | No | Yes | No | Olff, H., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], T. Piersma, and [NAME]. 2009. Parallel ecological networks in ecosystems. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences 364:1755-1779. | Yes | Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences | Biology | Germany | Yet such scientifically informed management has not prevented a general collapse of fish stocks worldwide, especially for species on higher trophic levels (Myers & Worm 2003; Worm & Myers 2004; Worm et al. 2005, 2006; Berkes et al. 2006; Heithaus et al. 2008) | Discussion | No | University of Groningen | No | 0 | 6.401
457 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2008 | Yes | 3 | Female | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 2 | No | No | No | Olsson, P., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Navigating the transition to ecosystem-based management of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 105:9489-9494. | Yes | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | Multidisciplinary | Sweden | The widespread degradation of marine ecosystems and their biodiversity (1–3) // We argue that, to understand such transitions, for dealing with the degradation of marine ecosystems (2, 3) | Intro | No | Stockholm University | No | 1 | 9.681
458 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 1 | Male | Other | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | Oshima, Y. 2009. Reproductive physiological and biochemical studies on the effect of tributyltin to fish and shellfish. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 75:354-356. | Yes | Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi | Fisheries | Japan | Worm et al. are saying that the biomass of marine species keeps declining and that by mid 21st century, it might even compromise the fishery [capture fishery]. Overfishing, climate change, and marine pollution due to chemicals are the main reasons they evoke. [In Japanese, seeking translation] | Discussion | No | Kyushu University | No | 0 | 0.11
459 | Policy | 0-2 | 2006 | No | 1 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Oxman, [NAME]. The territorial temptation: A siren song at sea. American Journal of International Law 100:830-851. | Yes | American Journal of International Law | Policy | USA | The result is evident in the troubling statistics on the state of the world’s ocean fisheries [97] | Discussion | No | University of Miami | No | 0 | 1.048
460 | Ecology | >5 | 2011 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | 2 | No | No | Yes | Palardy, [NAME] and [NAME]. 2011. Water flow drives biodiversity by mediating rarity in marine benthic communities. Ecology Letters 14:63-68. | Yes | Ecology Letters | Ecology | USA | In both marine and terrestrial systems, increased levels of biodiversity result in increased ecosystem productivity and stability ([NAME]. 2005; Worm et al. 2006) // Because it [biodiversity] has been strongly linked to the ability of ecosystems to provide a suite of ecosystem services (Hooper et al. 2005; Worm et al. 2006) | Intro / Discussion | No | Brown University | No | 0 | 17.557
461 | Biology | 3-5 | 2008 | Yes | 3 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 2 | No | Yes | Yes | Palumbi, [NAME] [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Ecosystems in action: Lessons from marine ecology about recovery, resistance, and reversibility. Bioscience 58:33-42. | Yes | Bioscience | Biology | USA | Over larger spatial scales, more highly diverse marine ecosystems show a smaller fraction of fished species that have commercially collapsed, and a higher rate of recovery of collapsed species, than large marine ecosystems with less diversity (figure 6; Worm et al. 2006). Ecosystems in which more than 20% of more of the collapsed stocks have recovered are all high-diversity ecosystems. The lowest-diversity ecosystems show less than 10% of theirstocks recovered (figure 6). Though these patterns have yet to be explained mechanistically, one possibility is that the ability of fishers to switch among alternate targeted species is greater in highly diverse ecosystems, reducing the rate at which species collapse. This is essentially a redundancy mechanism. Alternative explanations include the younger age of many industrialized fisheries in the high-diversity tropics; however, this latter explanation does not seem capable of explaining why recovery may increase with diversity. In this case, lower fishing pressure on scarce stocks may prevent them from being fished to as low a point as they would be in less diverse settings. The faster rebound of overfished species in high-diversity ecosystems deserves greater scrutiny and testing. // Proportion of collapsed fish and invertebrate taxa within large marine ecosystems as a function of the fish species diversity in those ecosystems. High-diversity ecosystems show a much lower proportion of collapsed species. Collapse was defined as a reduction to less than 10% fishing yield of a species from its maximum fishing yield. Lower panel: Percentage recovery of fish and invertebrate taxa 15 years after their collapse. Collapsed species in large, high-diversity marine ecosystems recover more completely than those in lower-diversity ecosystems. Redrawn from Worm and colleagues (2006) | Discussion | No | Stanford University | Yes | 1 | 4.621
462 | Ecology | >5 | 2009 | Yes | 12 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 6 | No | Yes | Yes | Palumbi, [NAME] [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], E. Norse, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Managing for ocean biodiversity to sustain marine ecosystem services. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 7:204-211. | Yes | Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment | Ecology | USA | Compelling evidence is accumulating from terrestrial, freshwater, and marine systems to suggest that sustainable ecosystem services depend upon a diverse biota (Daily et al. 1997; [NAME] et al. 2001; [NAME] et [NAME]. 2001; Wall et al. 2004; MA 2005; [NAME] and Knowlton 2006; Worm et al. 2006; Butler et al. 2007; Hector and Bagchi 2007) // suggest that more diverse assemblages provide either higher productivity, greater resilience, or both. Analyses over larger temporal and spatial scales suggest similar linkages ([NAME] and Knowlton 2006; Worm et al. 2006) // These enhanced processes accelerate benefits that ecosystems provide in terms of recovery, resistance, protection, recycling, recreation, etc (green ring). Results are summarized from Loreau et al. (2001); Stachowicz et al. (2002); Duffy et al. (2003); Hilborn et al. (2003); [NAME] (2004); Hughes and Stachowicz (2004); Wall et al. (2004); [NAME] et al. (2005); Byrnes et al. (2006); and Worm et al. (2006). // For example, Worm et al. (2006) showed that marine ecosystems with high diversity had slower fisheries collapse rates and higher rates of fisheries recovery than marine ecosystems with lower diversity. // We suggest an approach based first on the link between diversity and ecosystem function and, second, on experimental studies showing that increased biodiversity can simultaneously increase and stabilize multiple measures of ecosystem functioning (Hooper and [NAME] 1998; Duffy et al. 2003; Worm et al. 2006) // Broadly speaking, new data suggest that biodiversity helps to increase, maintain, and promote marine ecosystem function (Sala and Knowlton 2006; Worm et al. 2006; Hector and Bragchi 2007) | Intro / Discussion | No | Stanford University | Yes | 3 | 9.113
463 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2012 | No | 2 | Female | Other | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Pande, A. and [NAME]. 2012. The Kapiti Marine Reserve (New Zealand): spatial and temporal comparisons of multi-species responses after 8 years of protection. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 46:71-89. | Yes | New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research | Fisheries | New Zealand | Degradation of the world’s oceans and exploitation of its resources have highlighted the need for information about the status of the marine environment (Pauly et al. 1998; Conover et al. 2000; Sale et al. 2005; Worm et al. 2006, 2009; [NAME]. 2010 and references therein) | Intro | No | Victoria University of Wellington | No | 0 | 0.991
464 | Other | None | 2009 | No | 5 | Male | Other | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 4 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Paramo, J., L. Guillot-Illidge, [NAME], A. Rodriguez, and [NAME]. 2009. Poblational and ecological aspects of demersal fishes in north zone of Colombian Caribbean in relationship with habitat: a tool for identify marine protected areas (mpas) to fisheries management. Caldasia 31:123-144. | Yes | Caldasia | Other | Colombia | Coastal marine fisheries worldwide are under threat of collapse, due to increase in fishing effort, even when catch rates of fish remain stable or falling and other impacts anthropogenic and environmental factors that degrade direct and indirect habitat and ecological systems on which they depend fisheries (Pauly et al., 2002, Sale et al. 2005, Worm et al. 2006) // The loss of marine biodiversity is decreasing ability of oceans to provide food, maintain quality water and recover from disturbances (Worm et al., 2006, Stokstad 2006) // due it is estimated that with current measures all fisheries management in the world will collapse in 50 years (Worm et al. 2006) // As an example, has been found in fished areas around MPAs, there is a fourfold increase catch per unit effort (Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | Universidad del Magdalena | No | 0 | None
465 | Biology | 0-2 | 2012 | No | 2 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Paramo, J. and [NAME]. 2012. Deep-sea shrimps [NAME] foliacea and Pleoticus robustus (Crustacea: Penaeoidea) in the Colombian Caribbean Sea as a new potential fishing resource. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 92:811-818. | Yes | Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom | Biology | Germany | In this sense, due to failure of traditional fisheries management measures, there is a necessity for additional fisheries management measures to those used traditionally that contribute to protect the fishing resources and to improve the fishing production, such as the identification of marine protected areas that have emerged as a tool for marine conservation and fisheries management (Worm et al., 2006; [NAME] et al., 2009; Paramo et al., 2009) | Intro | No | Universita¨t Bremen | No | 0 | 1
466 | Other | 0-2 | 2012 | No | 2 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 1 | No | No | No | Paramo, J. and [NAME]. 2012. SPATIAL STRUCTURE OF THE PINK SPECKLED DEEP-SEA SHRIMP PENAEOPSIS SERRATA (BATE, 1881) (DECAPODA, PENAEIDAE) DURING NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2009 IN THE COLOMBIAN CARIBBEAN SEA. Crustaceana 85:103-116. | Yes | Crustaceana | Other | Germany | Among other measures, the identification of marine protected areas as a tool for marine conservation and fisheries management can be useful, as these follow an ecosystem-based management (Worm et al., 2006; [NAME] et al., 2009; Paramo et al., 2009; Jackson & Jacquet, 2011) | Discussion | No | Universita¨t Bremen | No | 0 | 0.464
467 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2012 | No | 3 | Male | Other | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Paramo, J., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Deep-sea fish assemblages in the Colombian Caribbean Sea. Fisheries Research 125:87-98. | Yes | Fisheries Research | Fisheries | Colombia | Such measures may include the creation of marine protected areas as a tool for marine conservation and a fisheries management that follow an ecosystem approach to fisheries (EAF) (Worm et al., 2006; [NAME] et al., 2009; Paramo et al., 2009; [NAME] and [NAME], 2011) | Intro | No | Universidad del Magdalena | No | 0 | 1.586
468 | Fisheries | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 1 | Male | Other | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Parslow, J. 2010. Individual transferable quotas and the "tragedy of the commons". Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 67:1889-1896. | Yes | Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences | Fisheries | Australia | While there is debate over the exact state and likely future trends in global fisheries (Worm et al. 2006; Hilborn 2007a) | Intro | No | CSIRO | No | 0 | 2.213
469 | Other | 2-3 | 2011 | No | 7 | Female | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Pascual, M., A. Borja, [NAME], K. Deneudt, M. Vincx, [NAME], and I. Legorburu. 2011. Marine biological valuation mapping of the Basque continental shelf (Bay of Biscay), within the context of marine spatial planning. [NAME] and [NAME] 95:186-198. | Yes | Estuarine Coastal and [NAME] | Other | Spain | The provision of some goods and services is linked to biodiversity, although the exact mechanisms and quantifications of this linkage are not yet well known (Nunes and [NAME] Bergh, 2001; Balvanera et al., 2006; Beaumont et al., 2006 and Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | AZTI-Tecnalia, Marine Research Division | No | 0 | 2.247
470 | Biology | 2-3 | 2007 | No | 1 | Male | Canada | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Pauly, D. 2007. The Sea Around Us Project: Documenting and communicating global fisheries impacts on marine ecosystems. [NAME]. | Yes | [NAME] | Biology | Canada | Fisheries strongly affect marine biodiversity (28) | Discussion | No | University of British Columbia | No | 0 | 2.025
471 | Policy | 0-2 | 2012 | No | 2 | Male | Canada | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | Pauly, D. and [NAME]. 2012. Comments on FAO's State of Fisheries and Aquaculture, or 'SOFIA 2010'. Marine Policy 36:746-752. | Yes | Marine Policy | Policy | Canada | To back such claims, one needs only examine the number of FAO 'stocks’ (species by statistical area which contributed at least 10 t to the time series) which produced less than 10% of their previous maximum catches ([NAME]. 1C). Given the controversy [14,16] following a previous extrapolation of these data by Worm et al. [17], it as easy to resist the temptation to fit (and extrapolate) a function to the curve, but it is quite obvious that many stocks will fall below the 10% threshold before 2048 if current trends continue. | Discussion | No | University of British Columbia | No | 0 | 1.865
472 | Multidisciplinary | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 3 | Male | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | Pavlov, D. S., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. An Environment-Oriented Concept of Nature Use. Herald of the Russian Academy of Sciences 80:74-82. | Yes | Herald of the Russian Academy of Sciences | Multidisciplinary | Russia | These resources are being used practically to the full, which is proved by the dynamics of global catch and the state of the main trade hydrobiont species [10, 11] // If the current scale of the exploitation of global fishery reserves remains unchanged, 80% of the resource taxa of fishes and marine invertebrates may lose their commercial importance by the mid 21st century [11] | Intro | No | Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, RAS | No | 0 | 0.252
473 | Ecology | 3-5 | 2011 | No | 2 | Male | Canada | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Pedruski, [NAME] and [NAME]. 2011. The effects of habitat connectivity and regional heterogeneity on artificial pond metacommunities. Oecologia 166:221-228. | Yes | Oecologia | Ecology | Canada | and also one attracting considerable interest given the present high rates of biodiversity loss ([NAME]. 1995; [NAME]. 2004; Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | Queen's University | No | 0 | 3.412
474 | Multidisciplinary | 3-5 | 2012 | No | 7 | Female | Other | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Pelletier, D., K. Leleu, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Remote High-Definition Rotating Video Enables Fast Spatial Survey of Marine [NAME] and [NAME]. [NAME] One 7. | Yes | [NAME] One | Multidisciplinary | New Caledonia | Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are a key instrument for the conservation of marine biodiversity and associated ecosystem services [1] | Intro | No | French Institute for the Exploitation of the Sea | No | 0 | 4.092
475 | Biology | 0-2 | 2012 | No | 2 | Female | Canada | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], P. M. and [NAME]. 2012. Physical characteristics of persistent deep-water spawning sites of capelin: Importance for delimiting critical marine habitats. Marine Biology Research 8:778-783. | Yes | Marine Biology Research | Biology | Canada | It is becoming increasingly important to identify tools to enhance fisheries management (Hilborn 2007), including no-take marine protected areas (Worm et al. 2006, 2009) | Intro | No | University of Manitoba | No | 0 | 1.055
476 | Other | 2-3 | 2009 | No | 2 | Male | Other | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Pereira, G. C. and [NAME]. 2009. Knowledge discovering for coastal waters classification. Expert Systems with Applications 36:8604-8609. | Yes | Expert Systems with Applications | Other | Brazil | These [human] activities have accelerated loss of populations and species (Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | Federal University of Rio de Janeiro | No | 0 | 2.203
477 | Ecology | 3-5 | 2009 | No | 3 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Perfectti, F., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. The functional consequences of diversity in plant-pollinator interactions. [NAME]. | Yes | Oikos | Ecology | Spain | Most experimental studies agree that species diversity has a positive, albeit saturating, effect on ecosystem functioning (Balvanera et al. 2006, Cardinale et al. 2006, Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | University de Granada | No | 0 | 3.061
478 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2010 | No | 18 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Perrings, C., S. Naeem, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Ecosystem Services for 2020. Science 330:323-324. | Yes | Science | Multidisciplinary | USA | Also, target 6 addresses threats to fish production. Its implementation would affect and be affected by implementation of targets for other ecosystem services, including regulation of climate [16, 17] | Discussion | No | Arizona State University | No | 0 | 32.452
479 | Ecology | >5 | 2011 | No | 16 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Perrings, C., S. Naeem, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Ecosystem services, targets, and indicators for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 9:512-520. | Yes | Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment | Ecology | USA | One well-known service is the provision of food in the form of fish, and the relationship between harvested marine diversity and ecosystem services is well documented ([NAME] et  al. 2001; Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | Arizona State University | No | 0 | 9.113
480 | Ecology | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 2 | Male | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Petchey, [NAME] and [NAME]. 2009. Effects on ecosystem resilience of biodiversity, extinctions, and the structure of regional species pools. Theoretical Ecology 2:177-187. | Yes | Theoretical Ecology | Ecology | United Kingdom | In consequence [of a change in the abundance and composition of the species present in a local assemblage], the provision of ecosystem services to humanity may also change ([NAME] and [NAME] 2001; Schroter et al. 2005; Srivastava et al. 2005; Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | University of Sheffield | No | 0 | 1.545
481 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2009 | No | 9 | Female | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 2 | No | No | No | Pichegru, L., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Overlap between vulnerable top predators and fisheries in the [NAME] upwelling system: implications for marine protected areas. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 391:199-208. | Yes | Marine Ecology-Progress Series | Ecology | France | Industrial-scale fisheries have altered and degraded marine ecosystems (Botsford et al. 1997, [NAME] 1998, Worm et al. 2006) // Offshore MPAs [marine protected areas] for pelagic predators are needed to preserve ecosystem resilience and stability (Hyrenbach et [NAME]. 2000, Worm et al. 2006, Game et al. 2009) | Intro / Discussion | No | Institut pluridisciplinaire [NAME] | No | 0 | 2.711
482 | Conservation | 3-5 | 2007 | No | 4 | Female | Other | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Pillans, S., [NAME], R. D. Pillans, and [NAME]. 2007. The impact of marine reserves on nekton diversity and community composition in subtropical eastern Australia. Biological Conservation 136:455-469. | Yes | Biological Conservation | Conservation | Australia | Biodiversity (i.e. species richness and diversity) within marine reserves is expected to increase due to the cessation of fishing compared to fished areas (McClanahan, 1994; [NAME], 1996; Wantiez et al., 1997; Halpern, 2003; Worm et al., 2006) | Discussion | No | CRC for Coastal Zone, Estuary and Waterway Management | No | 0 | 4.115
483 | Fisheries | 2-3 | 2008 | No | 2 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Pinnegar, [NAME] and [NAME]. 2008. The 'shifting baseline' phenomenon: a global perspective. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 18:1-16. | Yes | Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries | Fisheries | United Kingdom | As part of this, the establishment of no-take marine reserves is viewed as the first practical element of the marine restoration process (also by Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | Lowestoft Laboratory | No | 0 | 2.5
484 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2011 | Yes | 4 | Male | USA | No | No | No | No | No | 2 | No | No | No | Pinsky, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Unexpected patterns of fisheries collapse in the world's oceans. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 108:8317-8322. | Yes | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | Multidisciplinary | USA | For each definition, a stock was defined as collapsed when annual landings fell below 10% of a reference level for a specified window of time. The reference level was the maximum annual landings averaged over 1 or 5 y. Although 1 y has been used before (44) [...] As our time window, we used either 1 (44) | Methods | Yes | Stanford University | No | 1 | 9.681
485 | Conservation | 3-5 | 2011 | No | 4 | Female | Canada | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Piroddi, C., [NAME], J. Gonzalvo, and [NAME]. 2011. From common to rare: The case of the Mediterranean common dolphin. Biological Conservation 144:2490-2498. | Yes | Biological Conservation | Conservation | Canada | Global fisheries have caused profound and significant ecological changes to the structure and the functioning of marine ecosystems by removing target and non-target species and by deteriorating marine habitats (Pauly et al., 1998; [NAME] et al., 2001; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | University of British Columbia | No | 0 | 4.115
486 | Other | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 5 | Female | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Pita, C., H. Dickey, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Willingness for mobility amongst European fishermen. Journal of Rural Studies 26:308-319. | Yes | Journal of Rural Studies | Other | United Kingdom | The global trend of fisheries overexploitation and collapse (Caddy and Seijo, 2005; FAO, 2007; Pauly, 1995; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | University of Aberdeen | No | 0 | 1.634
487 | Multidisciplinary | 0-2 | 2012 | No | 4 | Female | Other | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Pitanga, M. E., [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Quantification and classification of the main environmental impacts on a Halodule wrightii seagrass meadow on a tropical island in northeastern Brazil. Anais Da Academia Brasileira De Ciencias 84:35-42. | Yes | Anais Da Academia Brasileira De Ciencias | Multidisciplinary | Brazil | The loss of seagrass habitats decreases primary production, carbon sequestration and cycling nutrients in the coastal zone (Worm 2006) | Intro | No | Universidade Federal de Pernambuco | No | 0 | 1.094
488 | Other | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 1 | Male | Canada | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Pitcher, T. J. 2008. The sea ahead: challenges to marine biology from seafood sustainability. [NAME] 606:161-185. | Yes | [NAME] | Other | Canada | Although in the early 1990’s the majority of fisheries scientists would have reacted to news of a global crisis in fisheries with disbelief, today there is a general consensus about the disaster and depletion suffered by living organisms in the world’s oceans, as evidenced by a large number of published historical analyses (e.g. ecosystem integrity, Pauly & Christensen, 2002; Christensen, 1998; Parsons, 1996; ecological processes, Pitcher, 2001; biodiversity, Worm et al., 2006; fish biomass, Zeller & Pauly, 2005; [NAME], 2004; [NAME] et al., 2003; abundance of large fish, Myers & Worm, 2003; whales, Roman & Palumbi, 2003; sharks, Baum et al., 2002; [NAME] et al., 2002: turtles, Hays et al., 2003) | Intro | No | University of British Columbia | No | 0 | 1.784
489 | Other | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 15 | Male | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Plisnier, [NAME], [NAME], I. Kimirei, A. Chande, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], S. Horion, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Limnological variability and pelagic fish abundance (Stolothrissa tanganicae and Lates stappersii) in Lake Tanganyika. [NAME] 625:117-134. | Yes | [NAME] | Other | Belgium | The accelerated loss in biodiversity in the world fish population points towards the urgent need for increased understanding of parameters controlling this resource ([NAME] et al., 2001; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | Royal Museum for Central Africa | No | 0 | 1.784
490 | Policy | 0-2 | 2012 | No | 2 | Female | Canada | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Poh, T. M. and [NAME]. 2012. Tackling illegal, unregulated, and unreported trade towards Humphead wrasse (Cheilinus undulatus) recovery in Sabah, Malaysia. Marine Policy 36:696-702. | Yes | Marine Policy | Policy | Canada | Furthermore, the expected improved biodiversity and ecosystem resilience that result from sustainable trade will positively affect the ability of coral reefs to withstand shocks of overexploitation and climate change [27] | Discussion | No | Dalhousie University | No | 0 | 1.865
491 | Multidisciplinary | 3-5 | 2011 | No | 16 | Male | Canada | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Pohle, [NAME], K. Iken, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], A. Mead, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Aspects of Benthic Decapod Diversity and Distribution from Rocky Nearshore Habitat at Geographically Widely Dispersed Sites. [NAME] One 6. | Yes | [NAME] One | Multidisciplinary | Canada | This includes the severe depletion of large fish populations [15–16] | Intro | No | Huntsman Marine Science Centre | No | 0 | 4.092
492 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2011 | No | 3 | Female | Other | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Pompa, S., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Global distribution and conservation of marine mammals. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 108:13600-13605. | Yes | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | Multidisciplinary | Mexico | Despite their immense value, marine ecosystems are deteriorating rapidly, especially because of habitat degradation, overexploitation, introduction of exotic species, pollution (including noise), acidification, and climate disruption (4, 5) | Intro | No | Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México | No | 0 | 9.681
493 | Biology | 2-3 | 2008 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Pondella, D. J. and [NAME]. 2008. The decline and recovery of four predatory fishes from the Southern California Bight. Marine Biology 154:307-313. | Yes | Marine Biology | Biology | USA | Large Wshes, hallmarks of these ecosystems, are declining in abundance at a rapid rate and these declines may be especially problematic for long-lived species with low fecundity such as sharks (Baum et al. 2003; Worm et al. 2006; Myers et [NAME]. 2007) | Intro | No | Occidental College | No | 0 | 2.276
494 | Other | 0-2 | 2007 | No | 3 | Female | USA | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | Pornponi, S. A., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2007. Marine biotechnology: Realizing the potential. Marine Technology Society Journal 41:24-31. | Yes | Marine Technology Society Journal | Other | USA | Human-driven erosion of marine biodiversity has recently been projected to lead to the collapse of all currently fished species by 2048 (Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | Florida Atlantic University | No | 0 | 0.528
495 | Ecology | >5 | 2008 | No | 4 | Male | Canada | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Post, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Angler numerical response across landscapes and the collapse of freshwater fisheries. Ecological Applications 18:1038-1049. | Yes | Ecological Applications | Ecology | Canada | We have witnessed the collapse of many of the world’s largest and most productive commercial fisheries over the last several decades (Hilborn et al. 2003, [NAME] et al. 2003, Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | University of Calgary | No | 0 | 5.102
496 | Policy | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 3 | No | No | No | Powers, [NAME] [NAME]. 2010. Current and future use of indicators for ecosystem based fisheries management. Marine Policy 34:723-727. | Yes | Marine Policy | Policy | USA | A number of publications in the last decade have characterized changes in structure or function in oceanic regions, ecosystems, communities or fisheries [2–7] // In many cases the species weighting that is used is a measure of abundance or of catch by some or all gears in a fishery [2–9,12,22] // The measurement of attributes can be assignments of classification variables, such as trophic levels 1, 2, 3 or 4, ordinal rankings such as trophic levels adjusted for dietary components, or estimates or assignments of other characteristics [2–7,12,22,24] | Intro / Discussion | No | Louisiana State University | No | 0 | 1.865
497 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 8 | Male | Other | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Pratchett, M. S., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Contribution of climate change to degradation and loss of critical fish habitats in Australian marine and freshwater environments. Marine and Freshwater Research 62:1062-1081. | Yes | Marine and Freshwater Research | Fisheries | Australia | Vulnerability of aquatic habitats to climate change is further heightened by the degraded state of many aquatic habitats (e.g. [NAME] 2001; [NAME] et al. 2001; Hughes et al. 2003; Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | [NAME] University | No | 0 | 1.595
498 | Other | 3-5 | 2011 | No | 4 | Male | Other | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Pratchett, [NAME], M. Trapon, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Recent disturbances augment community shifts in coral assemblages in Moorea, French Polynesia. Coral [NAME] 30:183-193. | Yes | Coral Reefs | Other | Australia | Disturbances have an important influence on the structure and dynamics of shallow marine environments (Hughes et al. 2003; Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | [NAME] University | No | 0 | 3.878
499 | Other | 3-5 | 2012 | No | 5 | Male | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Prowe, [NAME], M. Pahlow, [NAME], [NAME], and A. Oschlies. 2012. Top-down control of marine phytoplankton diversity in a global ecosystem model. Progress in Oceanography 101:1-13. | Yes | Progress in Oceanography | Oceanography | Germany | Evidence is increasing that biodiversity influences productivity and stability of ecosystems across trophic levels in both marine and terrestrial realms (Worm et al., 2006; [NAME] et al., 2008) | Intro | No | University of Kiel | No | 0 | 3.142
500 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2012 | No | 3 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 3 | No | No | Yes | Prowe, [NAME], M. Pahlow, and A. Oschlies. 2012. Controls on the diversity-productivity relationship in a marine ecosystem model. Ecological Modelling 225:167-176. | Yes | Ecological Modelling | Ecology | Germany | In marine ecosystems, diversity loss could threaten the supply of goods and services of the ocean to humankind (Worm et al., 2006) // Previous studies addressing the relationship between marine biodiversity and ecosystem functioning have often focused on benthic communities or higher trophic levels (Stachowicz et al., 2007; Worm et al., 2006) // thus exacerbate the impact  of diversity loss on ecosystem functioning in the ocean (Worm et al., 2006) | Intro / Discussion | No | University of Kiel | No | 0 | 2.326
501 | Ecology | None | 2010 | No | 3 | Male | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Ptacnik, R., S. D. Moorthi, and [NAME]. 2010. [NAME], or Why There Need to Be So Many Species. Pages 1-43 in G. Woodward, editor. Integrative Ecology: From Molecules to Ecosystems. | Yes | Integrative Ecology: From Molecules to Ecosystems | Ecology | Germany | The increasing awareness of the accelerating loss of global biodiversity (Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | [NAME] | No | 0 | None
502 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2008 | No | 8 | Male | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Ptacnik, R., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Diversity predicts stability and resource use efficiency in natural phytoplankton communities. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 105:5134-5138. | Yes | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | Multidisciplinary | Norway | Meanwhile, there is accumulating evidence that this positive effect [of diversity] on productivity exists across various habitats and trophic levels (5–7) | Intro | No | Norwegian Institute for Water Research | No | 0 | 9.681
503 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 3 | Female | Other | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 3 | No | No | Yes | Quijas, S., B. Schmid, and [NAME]. 2010. Plant diversity enhances provision of ecosystem services: A new synthesis. Basic and Applied Ecology 11:582-593. | Yes | Basic and Applied Ecology | Ecology | Mexico | Recent syntheses have indeed shown many positive effects of biodiversity on ecosystem properties (e.g. plant aboveground and root biomass, biomass of marine plants and algae) related to the provision of ecosystem services (e.g. carbon storage, erosion control, regulation of water quality; Balvanera et al. 2006; Worm et al. 2006) // it intends to go beyond previous syntheses of biodiversity effects (Balvanera et al. 2006; Worm et al. 2006) // is concordant with the only previous meta-analysis addressing this particular question (Worm et al. 2006) | Intro / Discussion | No | Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México | No | 0 | 2.669
504 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2008 | No | 2 | Female | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], [NAME] and [NAME]. 2008. [NAME] identity is crucial for facilitating growth of the perennial brown alga Fucus vesiculosus. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 361:111-118. | Yes | Marine Ecology-Progress Series | Ecology | Sweden | Concern about the loss of biodiversity in aquatic systems (e.g. Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | University of Stockholm | No | 0 | 2.711
505 | Ecology | 3-5 | 2009 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], [NAME] and [NAME]. 2009. Scared sick? Predator-pathogen facilitation enhances exploitation of a shared resource. Ecology 90:2832-2839. | Yes | Ecology | Ecology | USA | the loss of predator species, which continues at an unprecedented rate (Duffy 2003, Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | Washington State University | No | 0 | 4.849
506 | Policy | 0-2 | 2012 | No | 2 | Male | Canada | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], [NAME] and [NAME]. 2012. Raising the "Sunken Billions": Financing the transition to sustainable fisheries. Marine Policy 36:1044-1046. | Yes | Marine Policy | Policy | Canada | The economic and social importance of healthy, functioning marine ecosystems are well understood [1] | Intro | No | WWF Canada | No | 0 | 1.865
507 | Conservation | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 3 | Male | Other | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Rasalato, E., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Using local ecological knowledge to identify shark river habitats in Fiji (South Pacific). Environmental Conservation 37:90-97. | Yes | Environmental Conservation | Conservation | Fiji | The alarming loss of ecosystems and biodiversity owing to increasing human population and associated pressures on the environment can have severe consequences (Jackson et al. 2001; Lotze et al. 2006; Worm et al. 2006; Myers et [NAME]. 2007) | Intro | No | University of the South Pacific | No | 0 | 1.927
508 | Biology | 3-5 | 2010 | No | 8 | Female | Canada | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Raudsepp-Hearne, C., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], T. Holland, K. Benessaiah, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Untangling the Environmentalist's Paradox: Why Is Human Well-being Increasing as Ecosystem Services Degrade? Bioscience 60:576-589. | Yes | Bioscience | Biology | Canada | Marine fisheries around the world are substantially depleted (Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | McGill University | No | 0 | 4.621
509 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2009 | No | 4 | Female | Other | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Raymundo, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Functionally diverse reef-fish communities ameliorate coral disease. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 106:17067-17070. | Yes | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | Multidisciplinary | Guam | Coral reefs remain under increasing threat from poor water quality, habitat degradation, and destructive fishing practices (1–3). These disturbances have abetted drastic shifts in […] reduced productivity (5) | Intro | No | University of Guam | No | 0 | 9.681
510 | Conservation | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 1 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Reed, [NAME]. Albatrosses, eagles and newts, Oh My!: exceptions to the prevailing paradigm concerning genetic diversity and population viability? Animal Conservation 13:448-457. | Yes | Animal Conservation | Conservation | USA | Greater amounts of within population genetic diversity have been shown to favorably impact the rate of ecosystem recovery after perturbation, be positively correlated with species diversity, increase the level of ecosystem services provided, and to increase primary productivity (e.g. [NAME] et al., 2005; Vellend & Geber, 2005; Cleary et al., 2006; Johnson, Lajeunesse & Agrawal, 2006; Worm et al., 2006; Hughes et al., 2008) | Intro | No | University of Louisville | No | 0 | 2.931
511 | Conservation | 3-5 | 2009 | No | 3 | Female | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Regnier, C., B. Fontaine, and [NAME]. 2009. Not Knowing, Not Recording, Not Listing: Numerous Unnoticed Mollusk Extinctions. Conservation Biology 23:1214-1221. | Yes | Conservation Biology | Conservation | France | In papers on this issue, there is conflation of “biological extinction” (our focus here) and “commercial extinction” ([NAME]. 2004; Worm et al. 2006; Hilborn 2007) | Discussion | No | Mus´eum National d’Histoire naturelle | No | 0 | 4.692
512 | Fisheries | >5 | 2009 | No | 4 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 2 | No | Yes | No | Reiss, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Genetic population structure of marine fish: mismatch between biological and fisheries management units. Fish and Fisheries 10:361-395. | Yes | Fish and Fisheries | Fisheries | The Netherlands | The severe decline of many commercial fish stocks in the last decades, however, and the slow or even failed recovery of some overexploited stocks raise the question whether current management strategies are sufficient for a sustainable use of marine resources (e.g. Hutchings 2000; Myers and Worm 2003; Daw and Gray 2005; Worm et al. 2006) // Ignoring the congruence of spatial scales between population structure of fish species and management units can result in reduced productivity and local reduction of populations (Kenchington 2003; Hughes and Stachowicz 2004; [NAME] et al. 2005; Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | University of Groningen | No | 0 | 5.8
513 | Conservation | 3-5 | 2012 | No | 11 | Female | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 4 | No | No | Yes | Ressurreicao, A., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], T. Zarzycki, [NAME], [NAME], D. Burdon, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Different cultures, different values: The role of cultural variation in public's WTP for marine species conservation. Biological Conservation 145:148-159. | Yes | Biological Conservation | Conservation | Portugal | Additionally, our understanding of the consequences of biodiversity loss on the provision of ecosystem services (e.g. food supply, water purification, climate regulation, erosion control) is limited ([NAME], 2008; Worm et al., 2006). // In contrast, ongoing erosion of marine biodiversity in Europe and worldwide is exceedingly well documented ([NAME], 2010; Clausen and [NAME], 2008; Myers and Worm, 2003; Worm et al., 2006) // Due to the uncertainty about the consequences of species loss on ecosystem dynamics in the context of marine environment ([NAME], 2008; [NAME], 2005; Solan et al., 2004; Worm et al., 2006) // Poor understanding about the welfare implications of such biodiversity loss among members of the public is understandable given that there is limited science about the ecological consequences of marginal biodiversity loss ([NAME], 2005; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro / Methods / Discussion | Yes | University of Azores | No | 0 | 4.115
514 | Fisheries | 2-3 | 2011 | No | 2 | Male | Canada | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], [NAME] and [NAME]. 2011. Fisheries, food security, climate change, and biodiversity: characteristics of the sector and perspectives on emerging issues. Ices Journal of Marine Science 68:1343-1353. | Yes | ICES Journal of Marine Science | Fisheries | Canada | In facing these choices, it might help to have a more dynamic idea of conservation related to ecosystem functions and services than on individual species, a change that is coming for several reasons (Worm et al., 2006; Higgason and [NAME]; 2009; Stram and Evans, 2009) | Discussion | No | Department of Fisheries and Oceans | No | 0 | 2.007
515 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 17 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], D. A., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], H. Svedang, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], S. Neuenfeldt, [NAME], [NAME], G. Huse, [NAME], H. Mosegaard, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Thermal niche of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua: limits, tolerance and optima. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 420:1-13. | Yes | Marine Ecology-Progress Series | Ecology | United Kingdom | Similar to most commercial species, most cod stocks are now heavily over-exploited (Worm et al. 2006, ICES 2007, [NAME]. 2009) | Intro | No | Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science | No | 0 | 2.711
516 | Other | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 2 | Female | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 2 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], [NAME] and [NAME]. 2010. 'A system that works for the sea'? Exploring [NAME] in Marine Spatial Planning. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 53:701-723. | Yes | Journal of Environmental Planning and Management | Other | United Kingdom | Those who frame the problem as essentially one of a deteriorating marine environment highlight the decline in fish stocks, increased levels of marine pollution, deterioration of marine ecosystems and reducing biodiversity, coupled with intensification and competition for marine space and uses (Gubbay 1995, [NAME], Laoffely 2000, [NAME] and Hawkins 2000, Worm et al. 2006, Jackson 2008) // Discussions on the ecological integrity of the marine environment have a longstanding pedigree (Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | University of Ulster | No | 0 | 1.107
517 | Other | None | 2008 | No | 2 | Male | Other | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 1 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], M. M. and [NAME]. 2008. A late pleistocene macrobenthic assemblage in [NAME], northern Chile: paleoecological and paleobiogeographical interpretations. [NAME] Chile 35:163-173. | Yes | [NAME] | Other | Chile | Therefore, the loss of these ‘core’ species, and for extension the structure of the entire assemblage, may have occurred only in very recent times (e.g., a few decades or centuries ago), perhaps similar to that observed in other marine ecosystems (Jackson, 2001; [NAME] et al., 2001; Pandolfi et al., 2003; Worm et al., 2006). | Discussion | No | Universidad [NAME] | No | 0 | None
518 | Conservation | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 3 | Male | Other | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 5 | No | Yes | Yes | [NAME], M. M., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Reconstructing the history of human impacts on coastal biodiversity in Chile: constraints and opportunities. Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 20:74-82. | Yes | Aquatic Conservation-Marine and [NAME] | Conservation | Chile | There is a growing body of evidence that shows that marine coastal ecosystems, once considered by many as relatively pristine environments, have suffered profound alterations, ranging from species to ecosystem levels, including reductions in population sizes, shifts in geographic ranges, and loss of diversity, biomass, and ecosystem functioning (Pauly et al., 1998, 2003; Jackson, 2001; [NAME] et al., 2001; [NAME] and [NAME], 2001; Hughes et al., 2003, 2005; [NAME] et al., 2006; [NAME] and Knowlton, 2006; Worm et al., 2006) // Pioneer studies have combined information from fossil, archaeological, and historical records, to reconstruct the structure of marine assemblages across much longer timescales ([NAME] et al., 2001; Pandolfi et al., 2003; [NAME], 2005; Lotze et al., 2006; Worm et al., 2006). These studies have demonstrated that even a couple of centuries ago, several coastal ecosystems were already heavily altered by human activities. They show that new methodological strategies, combining different disciplines, may improve our understanding of the long-term dynamics of marine assemblages, crucial to the development of effective conservation and management programmes. // Furthermore, human activities may have shifted the structure of natural assemblages a long time ago (e.g. ten to hundreds of years), as observed in several other ecosystems (Jackson et al., 2001; Pandolfi et al., 2003; [NAME], 2005; Lotze et al., 2006; Worm et al., 2006), invalidating modern baselines // For example, statistics of marine landings have been used to build global synoptic analyses of the evolution of fisheries, and used to evaluate the human impacts on marine fisheries in modern times (Pauly et al., 1998, 2003; Froese and Kesner-Reyes, 2002; Worm et al., 2006). // the number of collapsed fisheries has steadily increased to 30%, a situation that mirrors the global picture (Froese and Kesner-Reyes, 2002; Worm et al., 2006) // This adds further support to growing evidence showing a very recent human-induced shift in the structure and functioning of marine ecosystems around the globe (Jackson et al., 2001; [NAME] and [NAME], 2001; Pandolfi et al., 2003; Lotze et al., 2006; Pandolfi and [NAME], 2006; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro / Discussion | No | Universidad [NAME] | No | 0 | 1.929
519 | Other | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 1 | Female | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | Rivera-Ferre, M. 2009. Can Export-Oriented Aquaculture in Developing Countries be Sustainable and Promote Sustainable Development? The Shrimp Case. Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Ethics 22:301-321. | Yes | Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Ethics | Other | Spain | According to Worm et al. (2006) if present pressure on fisheries stock continues due to overexploitation, world fisheries will be depleted by 2048, if not extinct | Discussion | No | [NAME] | No | 0 | 1.109
520 | Other | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 18 | Female | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], C., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], J. F. Ghiglione, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Mesopelagic zone ecology and biogeochemistry - a synthesis. Deep-Sea Research Part Ii-Topical Studies in Oceanography 57:1504-1518. | Yes | Deep-Sea Research Part II-Topical Studies in Oceanography | Oceanography | United Kingdom | The removal of top predators from the oceanic food chain can have profound effects on pelagic ecosystems ([NAME] etal., 2005; Worm et al., 2005, 2006) | Discussion | No | University of East Anglia | No | 0 | 2.277
521 | Other | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 6 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 1 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], S. Pennings, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. [NAME] in the Marshes of the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER. Estuaries and Coasts 33:865-877. | Yes | Estuaries and Coasts | Other | USA | The interaction between local abundance of species and species diversity may have critical effects on the services these ecosystems can provide (Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | University of Georgia | No | 0 | 2.109
522 | Conservation | 3-5 | 2009 | No | 1 | Male | USA | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | 3 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], [NAME]. Conservation of Deep Pelagic Biodiversity. Conservation Biology 23:847-858. | Yes | Conservation Biology | Conservation | USA | The principal concern here should be the prospect of undetected mass extinctions, which threaten losses in ecosystem function, economic opportunity, and vital ecosystem services (Ehrlich &Wilson 1991; Worm et al. 2006) // Removing top predators from the oceanic food chain has already had a significant impact on pelagic ecosystems ([NAME]. 2005; Worm et al. 2005, 2006) // Expanding food production will continue to be a major driving force behind the reduction of biodiversity and ecosystem services in the ocean as Earth’s population continues to swell (Sarukhan 2006; Worm et al. 2006) | Intro / Discussion | No | Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute | No | 0 | 4.692
523 | Multidisciplinary | 3-5 | 2011 | No | 5 | Female | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], D., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and D. Mouillot. 2011. Spearfishing Regulation Benefits Artisanal Fisheries: The ReGS Indicator and Its Application to a Multiple-Use Mediterranean Marine Protected Area. [NAME] One 6. | Yes | [NAME] One | Multidisciplinary | France | Moreover, changes in exploited biological assemblages and biodiversity loss may […] alter the sustainability of goods and services provided by ecosystems to  humanity [8–10] | Intro | No | Universite´ [NAME] | No | 0 | 4.092
524 | Conservation | 2-3 | 2011 | No | 8 | Male | Other | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Rodriguez-Zaragoza, F. A., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Additive partitioning of reef fish diversity variation: a promising marine biodiversity management tool. Biodiversity and Conservation 20:1655-1675. | Yes | Biodiversity and Conservation | Conservation | Mexico | Biodiversity […] loss affects ecosystem functioning and the goods and services provided (Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | Universidad de Guadalajara | No | 0 | 2.238
525 | Biology | 3-5 | 2009 | No | 3 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 1 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. The Ecological Role of the Mammalian Mesocarnivore. Bioscience 59:165-173. | Yes | Bioscience | Biology | USA | Diverse apex predator guilds are characterized by strong interactions (competition, kleptoparasitism, IGP) among species that very likely limit the dominance of any single species, resulting in more diffuse effects on mesocarnivores, and overall resilience and stability within the predator community (e.g., see Worm et al. 2006) | Conclusions | No | New Mexico State University | No | 0 | 4.621
526 | Conservation | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 3 | Female | USA | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 1 | No | No | Yes | Rogers-Bennett, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Status and habitat associations of the threatened northern abalone: importance of kelp and coralline algae. Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 21:573-581. | Yes | Aquatic Conservation-Marine and [NAME] | Conservation | USA | There is now a growing body of evidence for marine systems that species-diverse ecosystems have a positive effect on ecosystem function including enhanced fishery yields and greater resilience to perturbations (Tegner and Dayton, 2000; Worm et al., 2006) | Discussion | No | University of California, [NAME] | No | 0 | 1.929
527 | Other | 2-3 | 2011 | No | 3 | Female | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. The Role of Protistan Microzooplankton in the Upper San Francisco Estuary Planktonic Food Web: Source or Sink? Estuaries and Coasts 34:1026-1038. | Yes | Estuaries and Coasts | Other | USA | A serious problem facing coastal and estuarine systems worldwide is the increasing loss of abundance and biodiversity of aquatic species, particularly fishes (Lotze et al. 2006; Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | Washington State University | No | 0 | 2.109
528 | Other | 3-5 | 2010 | No | 6 | Female | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 1 | No | No | No | Rombouts, [NAME], [NAME], F. Ibanez, S. Gasparini, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. A multivariate approach to large-scale variation in marine planktonic copepod diversity and its environmental correlates. Limnology and Oceanography 55:2219-2229. | Yes | Limnology and Oceanography | Oceanography | France | These changing environmental conditions will affect the patterns of marine biodiversity mostly through changes in distributions of taxa as a result of shifts in latitudinal ranges (Beaugrand et al. 2002; Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | Universite´ [NAME] et [NAME] | No | 0 | 3.416
529 | Biology | 2-3 | 2007 | No | 6 | Male | Europe | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | 4 | No | No | Yes | Ronnback, P., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2007. Ecosystem goods and services from Swedish coastal habitats: Identification, valuation, and implications of ecosystem shifts. [NAME]. | Yes | [NAME] | Biology | Sweden | Research should also address the uncertainty oncerning the functions and complexity necessary for sustaining the flow of goods and services from ecosystems, i.e., the key role of biodiversity at different scales (10, 11) // A general conclusion is that high marine biodiversity increases stability and recovery potential of ecosystems (11) // Increased species diversity improves the efficiency of energy transfer to higher levels in the food chain (11), thereby potentially diversifying and increasing the productivity of ecosystem goods and services // Such an [insurance] value can also be found whenever biodiversity contributes to increased ecosystem resilience (11, 28–30) and thus stabilization of the provision of ecosystem goods and services | Intro / Discussion | No | Stockholm University | No | 0 | 2.025
530 | Ecology | >5 | 2008 | No | 3 | Male | Canada | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. A landscape theory for food web architecture. Ecology Letters 11:867-881. | Yes | Ecology Letters | Ecology | Canada | There has been documented losses in diversity, stability and function accompanying such changes ([NAME] et al. 2001; [NAME] et al. 2001; Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | University of Guelph | No | 0 | 17.557
531 | Other | 2-3 | 2007 | No | 3 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 2 | No | Yes | No | Rooper, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2007. An assessment of juvenile Pacific Ocean perch (Sebastes alutus) habitat use in a deepwater nursery. [NAME] and [NAME] 75:371-380. | Yes | Estuarine Coastal and [NAME] | Other | USA | Conservation of fish species of economic and ecological significance is an issue of increasing importance in marine ecosystems, given large-scale declines in fish populations (Pauly et al., 1998; Myers and Worm, 2003; Worm et al., 2006) // Alternative management strategies such as designation of marine reserves have been widely suggested as options that could protect fish stocks both by mitigating the direct impact of fishing and preserving important habitats ([NAME] et al., 1999; Holland and Schnier, 2006; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | Alaska Fisheries Science Center, NMFS, NOAA | No | 0 | 2.247
532 | Ecology | 3-5 | 2009 | No | 3 | Female | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Rossi, F., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Species identity, diversity and microbial carbon flow in reassembling macrobenthic communities. Oikos 118:503-512. | Yes | Oikos | Ecology | The Netherlands | Numerous theoretical and experimental studies have shown that biodiversity can have a positive effect on ecosystem properties, goods and services (Grime 1997, [NAME] et al. 1997, [NAME] et al. 2001, Worm et al. 2006) and ensure stability of ecosystem functioning | Intro | No | Netherlands Inst. of Ecology | No | 0 | 3.061
533 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2008 | No | 8 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Rouyer, T., [NAME], F. Menard, B. Calzelles, K. Briand, R. Pianet, B. Planque, and [NAME]. 2008. Complex interplays among population dynamics, environmental forcing, and exploitation in fisheries. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 105:5420-5425. | Yes | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | Multidisciplinary | France | Hence, identifying origins of fluctuations in fisheries data is still a key issue in the fisheries community [...], but also in the whole scientific community, because CPUE are used to depict fish abundance and diversity in ecological studies (e.g., ref. 38) | Discussion | No | Institut Franc¸ais de Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la Mer | No | 0 | 9.681
534 | Conservation | 3-5 | 2008 | No | 6 | Female | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Rowell, K., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Diverting the Colorado River Reads to a dramatic life history shift in an endangered marine fish. Biological Conservation 141:1138-1148. | Yes | Biological Conservation | Conservation | USA | and it is widely accepted that most marine fisheries are already in decline (Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | University of Arizona | No | 0 | 4.115
535 | Other | 2-3 | 2011 | No | 4 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Rubal, M., P. Veiga, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Seasonal patterns of tidepool macroalgal assemblages in the North of Portugal. Consistence between species and functional group approaches. Journal of Sea Research 66:187-194. | Yes | Journal of Sea Research | Other | Portugal | Recent studies have linked the biodiversity with the ecosystem function, resilience and the services provided by aquatic ecosystems (Cardinale, 2011; Palumbi et al., 2009; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | University of Porto | No | 0 | 2.598
536 | Other | 2-3 | 2009 | No | 5 | Female | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Ruckert, S., [NAME], [NAME], H. Mehlhorn, and [NAME]. 2009. Transmission of fish parasites into grouper mariculture (Serranidae: Epinephelus coioides ([NAME], 1822)) in Lampung Bay, Indonesia. Parasitology Research 104:523-532. | Yes | Parasitology Research | Other | Germany | With the decline of natural fish stocks, aquaculture has been an expanding business worldwide (Worm et al. 2006; FAO 2007; [NAME] 2007) | Intro | No | Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf | No | 0 | 2.149
537 | Ecology | >5 | 2011 | No | 2 | Male | Other | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | 2 | No | No | Yes | Russ, [NAME] [NAME]. 2011. Enhanced biodiversity beyond marine reserve boundaries: The cup spillith over. Ecological Applications 21:241-250. | Yes | Ecological Applications | Ecology | Australia | The worldwide depletion of predatory fish is a well documented example of such degradation […] resulting in [...] loss of important biodiversity and ecosystem services (Worm et al. 2006) // In the present study, we have documented spillover of species richness of large predatory fish, often considered to be good proxies for healthy marine ecosystems (Worm et al. 2006, Myers et [NAME]. 2007) | Intro / Discussion | No | [NAME] University | No | 0 | 5.102
538 | Other | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 2 | Male | Other | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], [NAME] and [NAME]. 2008. Health and environmental implications of the CSIRO Total Wellbeing Diet. Nutrition & Dietetics 65:139-143. | Yes | Nutrition & Dietetics | Other | Australia | In 2003, the catch of 23% of commercially important species had fallen to 10% of their historical maximums [22] | Discussion | No | Animal Liberation Inc | No | 0 | 0.875
539 | Fisheries | >5 | 2008 | No | 2 | Female | Other | No | No | No | Yes | No | 3 | No | No | Yes | Saenz-Arroyo, A. and [NAME]. 2008. Consilience in fisheries science. Fish and Fisheries 9:316-327. | Yes | Fish and Fisheries | Fisheries | Mexico | human influences on marine food webs and ecosystem structure extend wider than previously thought (Pauly et al. 1998; Worm et al. 2006; Myers et [NAME]. 2007) // and the wide range of ecosystem services and benefits society receives from nature (Daily 1997, 2000; Worm et al. 2006) // The rapid evolution of ecological economics, a discipline that analyses human economies in the context of their dependence on natural ecosystems, shows that the elimination of a commercial fishery is not the sole economic cost to society when fish populations are over-exploited (Balmford et al. 2002; Worm et al. 2006 | Discussion | No | Comunidad y Biodiversidad A.C. | No | 0 | 5.8
540 | Other | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 11 | Female | Canada | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Salomon, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. BRIDGING THE DIVIDE BETWEEN FISHERIES AND MARINE CONSERVATION SCIENCE. Bulletin of Marine Science 87:251-274. | Yes | [NAME] | Other | Canada | Fisheries and marine conservation science have different histories, epistemologies, cultures, and priorities, leading sometimes to strikingly divergent views on the state of fisheries and marine ecosystems, and on how to achieve sustainability ([NAME] et al. 1993, [NAME] et [NAME]. 1993, Myers and Worm 2003, Walters 2003, Hilborn 2006, Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | [NAME] University | No | 0 | 1.148
541 | Conservation | 3-5 | 2012 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Samhouri, J. F. and [NAME]. 2012. Linking land- and sea-based activities to risk in coastal ecosystems. Biological Conservation 145:118-129. | Yes | Biological Conservation | Conservation | USA | Unabated, current ocean practices will prevent marine ecosystems from continuing to provide the many benefits people desire—like food, energy, coastal protection, and climate regulation (MEA, 2005; Worm et al., 2006; [NAME] and [NAME], 2007; [NAME], 2008) | Intro | No | Northwest Fisheries Science Center, NMFS, NOAA | No | 0 | 4.115
542 | Other | 3-5 | 2009 | No | 3 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Samhouri, J. F., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Quantitative Evaluation of Marine Ecosystem Indicator Performance Using Food Web Models. Ecosystems 12:1283-1298. | Yes | Ecosystems | Other | USA | In other contexts, however […] total catch (Worm and others 2006) is cited as reliable indicators of marine ecosystem status | Discussion | No | Northwest Fisheries Science Center, NMFS, NOAA | No | 0 | 3.495
543 | Multidisciplinary | 3-5 | 2008 | Yes | 19 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Sandin, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], D. Obura, [NAME], [NAME], M. Richie, F. Rohwer, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Baselines and Degradation of Coral Reefs in the Northern Line Islands. [NAME] One 3. | Yes | [NAME] One | Multidisciplinary | USA | Thus, the low fish biomass at these atolls most likely is due to fishing here, as in many places elsewhere [39,63,64] | Discussion | No | Scripps Institution of Oceanography | No | 2 | 4.092
544 | Other | 2-3 | 2011 | No | 10 | Male | Other | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 2 | No | No | No | Santos, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], E. Torezani, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Coastal habitat degradation and green sea turtle diets in Southeastern Brazil. Marine Pollution Bulletin 62:1297-1302. | Yes | Marine Pollution Bulletin | Other | Brazil | Restricted diets may adversely affect turtles because different food items are required to optimize different process of the life cycle such as growth, survival, and fecundity (Worm et al., 2006) // Based on our findings and given the high degradation rates of coastal ecosystems, we recommend that conservation programs for green turtles focus not only on the turtles, but also on the entirety of coastal habitats within which these turtles live (Worm et al., 2006) | Discussion | No | Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo | No | 0 | 2.503
545 | Ecology | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 4 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 1 | No | No | No | Sara, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Effect of salinity and temperature on feeding physiology and scope for growth of an invasive species (Brachidontes pharaonis - MOLLUSCA : [NAME]) within the Mediterranean sea. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 363:130-136. | Yes | Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology | Ecology | Italy | For example, salinity, temperature, storms and wave activity during high tides, and local irradiance, elevated air temperatures and precipitation at low tides, are detrimental for native species and intertidal biodiversity (sensu [NAME], 1999; [NAME] et al., 2002; Worm et al., 2006) | Discussion | No | Università di Palermo | No | 0 | 1.875
546 | Biology | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 2 | Male | Other | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 1 | No | No | Yes | Sato, M. and [NAME]. 2009. Extirpation of Hediste japonica (Izuka, 1908) (Nereididae, Polychaeta) in Central Japan, Evidenced by a Museum Historical Collection. Zoological Science 26:369-372. | Yes | Zoological Science | Biology | Japan | Regional species richness, which probably enhances the productivity and stability of local ecosystems (Worm et al., 2006) | Discussion | No | Kagoshima University | No | 0 | 0.952
547 | Other | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 6 | Male | Other | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Satyanarayana, B., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Mangrove species distribution and abundance in relation to local environmental settings: a case-study at Tumpat, Kelantan Delta, east coast of peninsular Malaysia. Botanica Marina 53:79-88. | Yes | Botanica Marina | Other | Malaysia | Regional species richness, which probably enhances the productivity and stability of local ecosystems (Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | University Malaysia Terengganu | No | 0 | 1.493
548 | Biology | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 2 | Male | Canada | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Scheibling, [NAME] and A. Metaxas. 2008. [NAME], spatial distribution, and size structure of the sea star [NAME] nodosus in Palau, with notes on feeding and reproduction. Bulletin of Marine Science 82:221-235. | Yes | [NAME] | Biology | Canada | Increasing concern about human impacts on marine ecosystems has prompted research to assess biodiversity at local to global scales, and to better understand the ecological role of various species and functional groups that comprise these systems (Gray, 1997; Solan et al., 2004; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | Dalhousie University | No | 0 | 1.148
549 | Ecology | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 2 | Male | Other | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Schiel, [NAME] and [NAME]. 2011. Impacts and negative feedbacks in community recovery over eight years following removal of habitat-forming macroalgae. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 407:108-115. | Yes | Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology | Ecology | New Zealand | The loss or decline of coastal marine species through a wide range of diffuse and local impacts constitutes a key component in the global biodiversity crisis (Novacek and Cleland, 2001; Worm et al., 2006; [NAME] and [NAME], 2007; Pereira et al., 2010) | Intro | No | University of Canterbury | No | 0 | 1.875
550 | Biology | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 4 | Female | Other | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Schluessel, V., [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Evidence for extensive population structure in the white-spotted eagle ray within the Indo-Pacific inferred from mitochondrial gene sequences. Journal of Zoology 281:46-55. | Yes | Journal of Zoology | Biology | Australia | Global marine fisheries catches have decreased by 13% since reaching a peak in 1994, despite significant increases in fishing effort (Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | University of Queensland | No | 0 | 2.043
551 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2011 | Yes | 4 | Female | Canada | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | 2 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], [NAME], M. Coll, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Ecosystem structure and services in eelgrass Zostera marina and rockweed Ascophyllum nodosum habitats. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 437:51-68. | Yes | Marine Ecology-Progress Series | Ecology | Canada | Because biodiversity is essential for ecosystem functioning and services (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment 2005b, Worm et al. 2006) // In addition, the strong response of eelgrass, and particularly rockweed, to the simulated loss of primary producers warrants further investigation, especially since regional losses of nearshore vegetation have been shown to strongly reduce the filtering and nursery services (Worm et al. 2006) | Intro / Discussion | No | Dalhousie University | No | 1 | 2.711
552 | Other | 3-5 | 2011 | No | 4 | Male | Other | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Schneider, K., [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Carbon cycling in a zero-discharge mariculture system. Water Research 45:2375-2382. | Yes | Water Research | Other | Israel | The oceans supply of fish is stagnant and it is expected to decrease in the near future due to overfishing and biodiversity loss ([NAME] et al., 2001; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | The Hebrew University of Jerusalem | No | 0 | 4.865
553 | Other | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 2 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Schwaninger, M. and [NAME]. 2008. System dynamics and cybernetics: a synergetic pair. System Dynamics Review 24:145-174. | Yes | System Dynamics Review | Other | Switzerland | Diversity is essential for the survival of an organization: this holds for […] biological systems (Worm et al., 2006) | Discussion | No | University of St. Gallen | No | 0 | 0.867
554 | Other | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 1 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 3 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Schwartz, S. A. 2010. Healing the Seas - Acknowledging the Impact of Humans on the World Ocean. Explore-the Journal of Science and Healing 6:349-351. | Yes | Explore-the Journal of Science and Healing | Other | USA | That same year, in November, Canadian marine biologist [NAME], at Dalhousie University, Halifax,  published a study on global fisheries in Science that stunned the fisheries industry. [4] // The abstract says its all: Human-dominated marine ecosystems are experiencing accelerating loss of populations and species, with largely unknown consequences. We analyzed local experiments, longterm regional time series, and global fisheries data to test how biodiversity loss affects marine ecosystem services across temporal and spatial scales. Overall, rates of resource collapse increased and recovery potential, stability, and water quality decreased exponentially with declining diversity. Restoration of biodiversity, in contrast, increased productivity fourfold and decreased variability by 21%, on average. We conclude that marine biodiversity loss is increasingly impairing the ocean’s capacity to provide food, maintain water quality, and recover from perturbations. Yet available data suggest that at this point, these trends are still reversible. [4] // If it wasn’t done, Worm predicted that by 2048 the ocean would be empty of fish. Essentially there would be nothing left to catch. Already, Worm reported, fishing stocks had collapsed in 29% of the world’s fisheries. | Discussion | No | Samueli Institute | No | 0 | 1.027
555 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2007 | No | 2 | Male | Canada | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Scrosati, R. and C. Heaven. 2007. Spatial trends in community richness, diversity, and evenness across rocky intertidal environmental stress gradients in eastern Canada. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 342:1-14. | Yes | Marine Ecology-Progress Series | Ecology | Canada | Species diversity is one of the most important traits of a community, because diversity is related to productivity, stability, and susceptibility to invasion ([NAME]. 2005, Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | [NAME] | No | 0 | 2.711
556 | Multidisciplinary | 3-5 | 2010 | No | 3 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Semmens, [NAME], P. J. Auster, and [NAME]. 2010. Using Ecological Null Models to Assess the Potential for Marine Protected Area Networks to Protect Biodiversity. [NAME] One 5. | Yes | [NAME] One | Multidisciplinary | USA | Evidence of increasing threats and drastic declines in marine ecosystems is mounting [3,4,5,6] | Intro | No | Northwest Fisheries Science Center, NMFS, NOAA | No | 0 | 4.092
557 | Other | 2-3 | 2008 | No | 8 | Female | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Sequeira, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and T. Nickell. 2008. Trade-offs between shellfish aquaculture and benthic biodiversity: A modelling approach for sustainable management. Aquaculture 274:313-328. | Yes | Aquaculture | Other | Portugal | The latter [wild bivalve species] are important for many reasons, including preservation of biodiversity (e.g. Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | Centre for Ocean and Environment | No | 0 | 2.041
558 | Ecology | >5 | 2012 | No | 4 | Female | Canada | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 2 | No | No | Yes | Shackell, [NAME], J. A. D. Fisher, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Spatial scale of similarity as an indicator of metacommunity stability in exploited marine systems. Ecological Applications 22:336-348. | Yes | Ecological Applications | Ecology | Canada | Over the last two decades, the global loss of biodiversity has generated interest in the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem processes, including productivity rates, biomass accumulation, trophic balance, and stability ([NAME] et al. 2004, Worm et al. 2006, Gamfeldt and Hillebrand 2008, Reiss et al. 2009). // Species richness per se is often considered to be an important component of stabilizing ecosystem function (e.g., [NAME]. 2006, Worm et al. 2006) | Intro / Discussion | No | Fisheries and Oceans Canada | No | 0 | 5.102
559 | Other | 2-3 | 2009 | No | 2 | Female | USA | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], A. D. and [NAME]. 2009. Deep-sea benthic boundary layer communities and food supply: A long-term monitoring strategy. Deep-Sea Research Part Ii-Topical Studies in Oceanography 56:1754-1762. | Yes | Deep-Sea Research Part II-Topical Studies in Oceanography | Oceanography | USA | Biodiversity enhances ecosystem stability in the ocean but can be very susceptible to stresses related to climate change (e.g., Worm etal., 2006) | Intro | No | Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute | No | 0 | 2.277
560 | Fisheries | 2-3 | 2007 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 3 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], K. and [NAME]. 2007. A global approach for recovery and sustainability of fisheries in large marine ecosystems. Fisheries 32:354-357. | Yes | Fisheries | Fisheries | USA | The recent study by Worm et al. (2006) reached the conclusion that cumulative catches within the world's LMEs have declined 13% (10.6 million metric tons) since passing a cumulative maximum in 1994. // They argue that species average catches in non-collapsed fisheries were higher in species rich systems and, that species robustness to overexploitation was enhanced in LMEs with high fish species diversity.  // They further argue that sustainable fisheries management, pollution control, maintenance of essential habitats, and the creation of marine reserves will prove to be good investments in the productivity and value of goods and services that the ocean provides to humanity while business as usual will threaten water quality and ecosystem stability | Discussion | No | Northeast Fisheries Science Center, NMFS, NOAA | No | 0 | 2.367
561 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2007 | No | 4 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 1 | No | Yes | No | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2007. Fishing for good news - Response. Science 316:201-201. | Yes | Science | Multidisciplinary | USA | Our purpose was to show that the interactions between fisheries and the pelagic ecosystem are complex and not easily summarized in flashy, often exaggerated, headlines (6) proclaiming the collapse of ocean ecosystems and the end of fishing | Discussion | No | University of Hawaii | No | 0 | 32.452
562 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 3 | Male | Other | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Siche, R., F. Agostinho, and [NAME]. 2010. Emergy Net Primary Production (ENPP) as basis for calculation of Ecological Footprint. Ecological Indicators 10:475-483. | Yes | Ecological Indicators | Ecology | Peru | There are several studies on Peruvian sustainability and worldwide fishing (Pasco-Font, 1999; Talberth et al., 2006; OCEANA, 2006; Worm et al., 2006) | Discussion | No | Universidad, Nacional de Trujillo | No | 0 | 2.695
563 | Ecology | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 4 | Female | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Sieben, K., [NAME], U. Bergstrom, and [NAME]. 2011. A meso-predator release of stickleback promotes recruitment of macroalgae in the Baltic Sea. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 397:79-84. | Yes | Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology | Ecology | The Netherlands | Anthropogenic impacts have changed the structure of aquatic ecosystems on a global scale (Lotze et al., 2006; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | University of Groningen | No | 0 | 1.875
564 | Multidisciplinary | 3-5 | 2011 | No | 8 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Silliman, [NAME] M. D. Bertness, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Whole-Community Facilitation Regulates Biodiversity on Patagonian Rocky Shores. [NAME] One 6. | Yes | [NAME] One | Multidisciplinary | USA | Climate change, habitat destruction, over-harvesting, pollution, and species introductions are leading anthropogenic forces driving declines in species populations, diversity and ecosystem services [1,5–8] | Intro | No | University of Florida | No | 0 | 4.092
565 | Other | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 4 | Male | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Singh, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Modelling water-level options for ecosystem services and assessment of climate change: [NAME], northeast India. Hydrological Sciences Journal-Journal Des Sciences Hydrologiques 56:1518-1542. | Yes | Hydrological Sciences Journal-Journal Des Sciences Hydrologiques | Other | United Kingdom | Increases in human populations and economic development are significant factors driving wetland degradation as demands for food, water and land increase ([NAME] et al. 2001, UNEP 2006, Worm et al. 2006, Kareiva et al. 2007) | Intro | No | University College London | No | 0 | 1.541
566 | Conservation | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 2 | Male | Canada | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Sloan, [NAME] and [NAME]. 2009. Historic marine invertebrate species inventory: case study of a science baseline towards establishing a marine conservation area. Aquatic Conservation-Marine and [NAME] 19:827-837. | Yes | Aquatic Conservation-Marine and [NAME] | Conservation | Canada | and there is broad consensus that biodiversity is integral to ecosystem properties and services (Hooper et al., 2005; Worm et al., 2006; CoML, 2007) | Discussion | No | Parks Canada Agency | No | 0 | 1.929
567 | Other | 3-5 | 2010 | No | 1 | Male | Other | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Smale, D. A. 2010. Monitoring marine macroalgae: the influence of spatial scale on the usefulness of biodiversity surrogates. Diversity and Distributions 16:985-995. | Yes | Diversity and Distributions | Other | Australia | It has been argued that maintenance of marine biodiversity should be the principal objective of ecosystem-based management (EBM), as biodiversity is inherently linked to ecosystem functioning and resilience, and myriad ecosystem services (Worm et al., 2006; Palumbi et al., 2009) | Intro | No | University of Western Australia | No | 0 | 4.83
568 | Fisheries | 2-3 | 2011 | No | 5 | Male | Other | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | 5 | No | Yes | Yes | Smale, D. A., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. From fronds to fish: the use of indicators for ecological monitoring in marine benthic ecosystems, with case studies from temperate Western Australia. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 21:311-337. | Yes | Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries | Fisheries | Australia | It is also important to note that various scales of temporal and spatial variation exist in the anthropogenic (Hauser et al. 2002; Worm et al. 2006) // Therefore, current levels of biodiversity and taxonomic richness should be conserved to minimise impacts on commercial fisheries and progress towards sustainable extraction of resources (Worm et al. 2006; [NAME]. 2008) // Marine biodiversity is also influenced by a range of human activities such as over-fishing, habitat destruction and pollution (Pauly et al. 2002; Lotze et al. 2006; Worm et al. 2006) // Following the shift to an EBFM [ecosystem-based fisheries management] approach, the accepted importance of indirect effects, and the collapse of some fisheries (Pauly et al. 1998; Worm et al. 2006) // EBFM acknowledges that [...] biodiversity is important to ecosystem services (Worm et al. 2006) | Intro / Discussion | No | University of Western Australia | No | 0 | 2.5
569 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 6 | Male | Other | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Smith, D., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Reconciling Approaches to the Assessment and Management of Data-Poor Species and Fisheries with Australia's Harvest Strategy Policy. Marine and Coastal Fisheries 1:244-254. | Yes | Marine and Coastal Fisheries | Fisheries | Australia | Recently, a number of high-profile publications (Pauly et al. 1998; Myers and Worm 2003; Worm et al. 2006) have painted a bleak picture of the status of the world’s fisheries | Intro | No | CSIRO Wealth from Oceans National Research Flagship | No | 0 | 1.065
570 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2010 | No | 4 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Smith, M. D., [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Political economy of marine reserves: Understanding the role of opportunity costs. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 107:18300-18305. | Yes | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | Multidisciplinary | USA | Many scientists and marine conservationists are calling for increases in the number of no-take marine reserves throughout the world’s oceans (1, 2) | Intro | No | Duke University | No | 0 | 9.681
571 | Biology | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 4 | Male | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Solan, M., P. Batty, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. How biodiversity affects ecosystem processes: implications for ecological revolutions and benthic ecosystem function. Aquatic Biology 2:289-301. | Yes | Aquatic Biology | Biology | United Kingdom | In recent years, spurred by the anticipation that anthropogenic forcing (Worm et al. 2006, [NAME]2008) is likely to have considerable ecological consequences within the next century (Sala et al. 2000) | Intro | No | University of Aberdeen | No | 0 | 1.474
572 | Fisheries | 2-3 | 2007 | No | 14 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Sommer, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2007. The collapse of pelagic fishes in the Upper San Francisco Estuary. Fisheries 32:270-277. | Yes | Fisheries | Fisheries | USA | The [fisheries] collapses are most pronounced in coastal regions, where declines have occurred on the scale of decades to millenia (Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | California Department of Water Resources | No | 0 | 2.367
573 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 6 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Sommer, [NAME], F. Mejia, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and F. Loge. 2011. Long-Term Shifts in the Lateral Distribution of Age-0 [NAME] in the San Francisco Estuary. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 140:1451-1459. | Yes | Transactions of the American Fisheries Society | Fisheries | USA | The global decline in coastal resources […] These changes are apparently accelerating, but the ultimate consequences are unknown (Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | California Department of Water Resources | No | 0 | 1.592
574 | Policy | 0-2 | 2012 | No | 4 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Spalding, M. D., [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Pelagic provinces of the world: A biogeographic classification of the world's surface pelagic waters. Ocean & Coastal Management 60:19-30. | Yes | Ocean & Coastal Management | Policy | United Kingdom | The fish communities inhabiting pelagic waters have undergone dramatic biological changes in recent decades, primarily as a result of growing high seas fishing impacts (FAO, 2007; [NAME] et al., 2004; Myers and Worm, 2003; [NAME] et [NAME], 2007; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | The Nature Conservancy | No | 0 | 1.333
575 | Other | 2-3 | 2009 | No | 15 | Female | USA | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Spitsbergen, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Finfish and aquatic invertebrate pathology resources for now and the future. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-Toxicology & Pharmacology 149:249-257. | Yes | Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-Toxicology & Pharmacology | Other | USA | Stewardship of resources of aquatic species globally has fallen short of maintaining sustainable populations of key species (Caddy and Seijo, 2005; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | Oregon State University | No | 0 | 2.616
576 | Ecology | 3-5 | 2012 | No | 3 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Species traits and environmental conditions govern the relationship between biodiversity effects across trophic levels. [NAME]. | Yes | Oecologia | Ecology | USA | A primary reason for concern over the current accelerated loss of species is the associated loss of ecological function (Naeem et al. 1994; Vitousek et al. 1997; Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | University of Oklahoma | No | 0 | 3.412
577 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2008 | Yes | 10 | Female | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Srinivasan, U. T., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. The debt of nations and the distribution of ecological impacts from human activities. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 105:1768-1773. | Yes | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | Multidisciplinary | USA | Humanity is transforming ecosystems around the globe at an unprecedented speed and scale (1–4) | Intro | No | Pacific Ecoinformatics and Computational Ecology Laboratory | No | 1 | 9.681
578 | Policy | 0-2 | 2012 | Yes | 3 | Female | USA | No | No | Yes | No | No | 5 | No | Yes | No | Srinivasan, U. T., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Global fisheries losses at the exclusive economic zone level, 1950 to present. Marine Policy 36:544-549. | Yes | Marine Policy | Policy | USA | using catch trends as an indicator of stock biomass levels [17] // with the proportion of depleted stocks [...] increasing at different rates in others [17,19,20]. // While there have been many efforts to quantify when and to what extent fishing of a commercial stock may have crossed into unsustainability [16,17,20,22,23,25] // Compared to the other catch data-based […] method of Worm et al. [17] // Instead of the yearly collapse criterion used by Worm etal. [17] | Intro / Methods | Yes | Pacific Ecoinformatics and Computational Ecology Laboratory | No | 1 | 1.865
579 | Ecology | >5 | 2007 | Yes | 3 | Male | USA | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | 8 | No | No | Yes | Stachowicz, [NAME] [NAME], and [NAME]. 2007. Understanding the effects of marine biodiversity on communities and ecosystems. Pages 739-766  Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics. | Yes | Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics | Ecology | USA | Finally, the long history of detailed observational data collection on multiple trophic levels in oceanography has been exploited to assess the effects of natural diversity gradients at large scales, facilitating a better connection between changes in biodiversity and disruptions of ecosystem services than is currently possible in terrestrial systems (e.g., [NAME]. 2006, Worm et al. 2006) // Worm et al. (2006) analyzed the effects of changes in marine biodiversity on fundamental ecosystem services by combining available data from sources ranging from small scale experiments to global fisheries. At a global scale, they analyzed relationships between species richness and fishery production in 64 large marine ecosystems varying naturally in diversity. // Ecosystems with naturally low diversity showed lower fishery productivity, more frequent collapses (strong reductions in fishery yield), and lower resilience than naturally species-rich systems. // They suggested that the greater resilience of more diverse ecosystems may result because fishers can switch more readily among target species when there are many species available (high richness), potentially providing overfished taxa with a chance to recover. // This mechanism is consistent with theory, small-scale experiments, and with the negative relationship Worm et al. (2006) found between fished taxa richness and variation in catch from year to year // Similarly, Worm et al. (2006) reanalyzed the experimental data of Watermann et al. (1999) and found that microalgal biomass accumulation varied less at high than low richness across a factorial combination of three sediment types and three temperatures // Mixed algal diets enhanced herbivore growth, biomass accumulation, and/or reproductive output compared to average algal monocultures in nearly all cases examined for taxa as diverse as protozoa, crustaceans, and sea urchins (see Table 1a,b; Supplemental Table 4; and Worm et al. 2006 for details) // Recent meta-analyses of biodiversity manipulations [Worm et al. 2006 | Intro / Discussion /  Conclusions | No | University of California, [NAME] | Yes | 2 | 14.373
580 | Multidisciplinary | 3-5 | 2009 | No | 1 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Stallings, C. D. 2009. Fishery-Independent Data Reveal Negative Effect of Human Population Density on Caribbean Predatory Fish Communities. [NAME] One 4. | Yes | [NAME] One | Multidisciplinary | USA | It is well documented that humans have greatly altered predatory fish communities worldwide, especially through industrialized commercial and recreational fisheries [1–8] | Intro | No | Oregon State University | No | 0 | 4.092
581 | Other | 2-3 | 2011 | No | 1 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | Stavins, [NAME]. The Problem of the Commons: Still Unsettled after 100 Years. American Economic Review 101:81-108. | Yes | American Economic Review | Economics | USA | In 2006, a group of scientists projected that at existing rates of ocean fisheries depletion, all commercial fisheries would collapse by the middle of the century ([NAME], et [NAME]. 2006) | Discussion | No | Harvard University | No | 0 | 2.693
582 | Other | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 4 | Female | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Stelzenmuller, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Assessment of a Bayesian Belief Network-GIS framework as a practical tool to support marine planning. Marine Pollution [NAME]. | Yes | Marine Pollution Bulletin | Other | Germany | However, the loss of biodiversity and weakening of ecosystem resilience are among the most debated consequences [of fishing activity] (Worm et al., 2006). | Intro | No | Institute of Sea Fisheries | No | 0 | 2.503
583 | Conservation | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 3 | Female | Europe | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | 3 | No | No | Yes | Stelzenmuller, [NAME], F. Maynou, and [NAME]. 2009. Patterns of species and functional diversity around a coastal marine reserve: a fisheries perspective. Aquatic Conservation-Marine and [NAME] 19:554-565. | Yes | Aquatic Conservation-Marine and [NAME] | Conservation | United Kingdom | As yet, a global understanding of the interplay between fisheries effects and biological diversity conservation is lacking, especially how high biodiversity may enhance the value of commercial fisheries in adjacent areas, or how maintaining high biodiversity increases the ecosystem services provided by a marine reserve (Worm et al., 2006) // Worm et al. (2006) reported for large marine ecosystems that increased species diversity buffers the effect of overexploitation. // At least in subtropical and tropical marine exploited ecosystems, diversity in fish production is an added value, and the ecosystems services provided by biomass export, increased biodiversity and increased resilience act synergically to enhance the value of MPAs (Worm et al., 2006) | Intro / Discussion | No | CEFAS, Lowestoft | No | 0 | 1.929
584 | Multidisciplinary | 3-5 | 2011 | No | 3 | Female | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Stephens, J. D., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Genetic Differentiation, Structure, and a Transition Zone among Populations of the Pitcher Plant Moth Exyra semicrocea: Implications for Conservation. Plos One 6. | Yes | [NAME] One | Multidisciplinary | USA | However, less well known is the fact that temperate zone ecosystems including marine [2] […] environments are being adversely impacted at an even faster rate | Intro | No | Auburn University | No | 0 | 4.092
585 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 2 | No | No | No | Stoner, [NAME] and [NAME]. 2008. Reducing elasmobranch bycatch: Laboratory investigation of rare earth metal and magnetic deterrents with spiny dogfish and Pacific halibut. Fisheries Research 92:162-168. | Yes | Fisheries Research | Fisheries | USA | Also, it is now recognized that declining populations of elasmobranchs might result in unintentional changes in ecological structure in both coastal and offshore waters (Worm et al., 2006; Myers et al., 2007) // The importance of conserving elasmobranchs is evident (Myers and Worm, 2003; Worm et al., 2006; Myers et al., 2007) | Intro / Discussion | No | Alaska Fisheries Science Center, NMFS, NOAA | No | 0 | 1.586
586 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 4 | Male | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Stouten, H., [NAME], X. Gellynck, and [NAME]. 2011. Policy instruments to meet fisheries management objectives in Belgian fisheries. Fisheries Research 111:8-23. | Yes | Fisheries Research | Fisheries | Belgium | Since the mid-1990s, between 25 and 30% of world fisheries have become seriously overexploited (FAO, 2009; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | Institute for Agriculture and Fisheries Research | No | 0 | 1.586
587 | Other | 3-5 | 2009 | No | 4 | Female | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Striebel, M., [NAME], [NAME], and H. Stibor. 2009. Spectral Niche Complementarity and Carbon Dynamics in Pelagic Ecosystems. American Naturalist 174:141-147. | Yes | American Naturalist | Other | Germany | There is growing concern that the worldwide loss of biodiversity may impair the functioning and stability of ecosystems and, thus, the ability of the biosphere to provide critical ecosystem services to the human population (Balmford et al. 2002; Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | Ludwig-Maximilians-Universita¨t Mu¨nchen | No | 0 | 4.725
588 | Other | >5 | 2010 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | Strong, D. R. and [NAME]. 2010. Human Involvement in Food Webs. Pages 1-+ in A. Gadgil and [NAME], editors. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, Vol 35. | Yes | Annual Review of Environment and Resources | Other | USA | Worm et al. (61) projected that by 2048 all commercially exploited fish stocks would collapse | Discussion | No | University  of California, [NAME] | No | 0 | 6.419
589 | Ecology | >5 | 2011 | No | 1 | Female | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Suding, K. N. 2011. Toward an Era of Restoration in Ecology: Successes, [NAME], and Opportunities Ahead. Pages 465-487 in D. J. Futuyma, [NAME], and [NAME], editors. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Vol 42. | Yes | Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics | Ecology | USA | Similarly,Worm et al. (2006) found that restoration of ocean biodiversity increased productivity fourfold | Discussion | No | University of California, Berkeley | No | 0 | 14.373
590 | Ecology | 3-5 | 2008 | No | 5 | Female | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Sugden, H., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. The interaction between nutrient availability and disturbance frequency on the diversity of benthic marine communities on the north-east coast of England. Journal of Animal Ecology 77:24-31. | Yes | Journal of Animal Ecology | Ecology | United Kingdom | Increased diversity found in some more mature marine benthic communities has been shown to increase resilience to disturbances (Tilman, Reich & Knops 2006; Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | Newcastle University | No | 0 | 4.937
591 | Ecology | >5 | 2007 | No | 3 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 3 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2007. Plant assemblage composition explains and predicts how biodiversity affects salt marsh functioning. Ecological Monographs 77:569-590. | Yes | Ecological Monographs | Ecology | USA | Plant assemblages with more species or functional groups typically have enhanced ecosystem functioning relative to monotypes (Balvanera et al. 2006, Cardinale et al. 2006, Worm et al. 2006) // In contrast, the results of meta-analyses by Worm et al. (2006), [NAME] (2006), and Cardinale et al. (2006) overwhelmingly indicated that ecosystem services decline with biodiversity loss but that various factors influence the effect size // Thus, we agree with Worm et al. (2006), [NAME] (2006), and Cardinale et al. (2006) that managers should preserve biodiversity as a precautionary measure for sustaining ecosystem functions | Discussion | No | The Wetlands Initiative | No | 0 | 7.433
592 | Other | None | 2011 | No | 5 | Male | Canada | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Sumaila, U. R., [NAME], [NAME], D. Pauly, and [NAME]. 2011. Climate change impacts on the biophysics and economics of world fisheries. Nature Climate Change 1:449-456. | Yes | Nature Climate Change | Other | Canada | Global marine fisheries are underperforming, mainly because of overfishing, but also because of pollution and other anthropogenic causes [8–10] | Intro | No | University of British Columbia | No | 0 | None
593 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2007 | Yes | 7 | Male | Canada | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Sumaila, U. R., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and D. Pauly. 2007. The World Trade Organization and global fisheries sustainability. Fisheries Research 88:1-4. | Yes | Fisheries Research | Fisheries | Canada | While the threat of overfishing to world seafood supplies has been well publicized (e.g., [NAME] et al., 2002; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | University of British Columbia | No | 1 | 1.586
594 | Biology | 2-3 | 2012 | No | 4 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Summers, [NAME] [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. A Review of the Elements of Human Well-Being with an Emphasis on the Contribution of Ecosystem Services. [NAME]. | Yes | [NAME] | Biology | USA | Marine biodiversity loss is increasingly impairing the ocean’s capacity to provide food, maintain water quality, and recover from perturbations (Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | Environmental Protection Agency | No | 0 | 2.025
595 | Other | 3-5 | 2011 | No | 3 | Male | Other | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Assessing loss of coral cover on Australia's Great Barrier Reef over two decades, with implications for longer-term trends. Coral Reefs 30:521-531. | Yes | Coral Reefs | Other | Australia | The effects of human activity are evident and widespread in both terrestrial and marine systems ([NAME] et al. 2002; Worm et al. 2006; [NAME] and [NAME]; [NAME]. 2008) | Intro | No | Australian Institute of Marine Science | No | 0 | 3.878
596 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 4 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Tacon, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Responsible Aquaculture and Trophic Level Implications to Global Fish Supply. Reviews in Fisheries Science 18:94-105. | Yes | Reviews in Fisheries Science | Fisheries | Spain | However, these trends [in fishing down marine food webs] are reversible with the implementation of improved ecosystem-based fishery management practices (Worm et al., 2006, 2009) | Discussion | No | University of Las Palmas | No | 0 | 1.946
597 | Other | 3-5 | 2009 | No | 5 | Male | Other | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Takeuchi, Y., K. Higuchi, T. Yatabe, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Development of Spermatogonial Cell Transplantation in Nibe Croaker, Nibea mitsukurii (Perciformes, [NAME]). Biology of Reproduction 81:1055-1063. | Yes | Biology of Reproduction | Other | Japan | Stocks and species diversity of wild fish are declining globally because of massive overfishing and environmental destruction [1, 2] | Intro | No | Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology | No | 0 | 4.009
598 | Other | 2-3 | 2009 | No | 6 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 2 | Yes | Yes | No | Tal, Y., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Environmentally sustainable land-based marine aquaculture. Aquaculture 286:28-35. | Yes | Aquaculture | Other | USA | Human-driven erosion of marine biodiversity has recently been projected to lead to the collapse of all currently fished taxa by 2048 (Worm et al., 2006) // Reversing this trend, restoring marine biodiversity, and meeting the ever-increasing global demand for seafood will require [...] habitat restoration (Lotze et al., 2006; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute | No | 0 | 2.041
599 | Ecology | >5 | 2010 | Yes | 13 | Female | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Teck, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], C. Shearer, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Using expert judgment to estimate marine ecosystem vulnerability in the California Current. Ecological Applications 20:1402-1416. | Yes | Ecological Applications | Ecology | USA | Modeled results ranked commercial fishing as a top stressor in most offshore ecosystems […] as has been found by many others (e.g., [NAME] et al. 1998, Myers and Worm 2003, Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | University of California, Santa Barbara | No | 3 | 5.102
600 | Multidisciplinary | 3-5 | 2011 | No | 3 | Female | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Teixido, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Low Dynamics, High Longevity and Persistence of Sessile Structural Species Dwelling on Mediterranean Coralligenous Outcrops. [NAME] One 6. | Yes | [NAME] One | Multidisciplinary | Spain | Biodiversity losses in coastal marine ecosystems are increasingly impairing the ocean’s capacity to provide ecosystem services, such as food supplies, maintaining water quality, recreation and tourism [8], [9], [10]. | Intro | No | University of Barcelona | No | 0 | 4.092
601 | Fisheries | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 4 | Female | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Therkildsen, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Large effective population size and temporal genetic stability in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 67:1585-1595. | Yes | Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences | Fisheries | Denmark | In recent years many commercial fish stocks have declined dramatically as a result of overfishing (Hutchings and Reynolds 2004; Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | University of Copenhagen | No | 0 | 2.213
602 | Other | 0-2 | 2012 | No | 1 | Female | USA | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], J. A. 2012. Comment: Not Yet Far Enough. American Historical Review 117:794-803. | Yes | American Historical Review | Other | USA | But my understanding of the tensions between the hopes of human history and the determinations of our manifestly material nature have been sharpened, and I would come with new criteria for the formation of historical knowledge: On fish depletion, see [Worm et al. 2006] | Discussion | No | University of Notre Dame | No | 0 | 1.103
603 | Policy | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 1 | Male | Canada | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | Thompson, [NAME]. Fostering sustainable behaviours in community-based co-managed fisheries. Marine Policy 32:413-420. | Yes | Marine Policy | Policy | Canada | there is now mounting evidence that the world’s commercial fisheries may face complete collapse by the middle of the 21st century [4] | Intro | No | Dalhousie University | No | 0 | 1.865
604 | Policy | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 3 | Male | Canada | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 2 | No | No | No | Thompson, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. [NAME] 14001: Towards international quality environmental management standards for marine protected areas. Ocean & Coastal Management 51:727-739. | Yes | Ocean & Coastal Management | Policy | Canada | The world’s oceans are facing ever increasing human pressures resulting in the declining health of most marine ecosystems [1–4] // In part, it is suggested that these trends can be slowed if not reversed with increased conservation of the marine environment through the development of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) [2,4–6] | Intro | No | Dalhousie University | No | 0 | 1.333
605 | Fisheries | 2-3 | 2012 | No | 3 | Male | USA | No | No | Yes | No | No | 3 | Yes | Yes | No | Thorson, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Using model-based inference to evaluate global fisheries status from landings, location, and life history data. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 69:645-655. | Yes | Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences | Fisheries | USA | The use of landings data as a proxy for stock biomass famously led to the prediction that current trends would result in the collapse of all fish stocks by 2048 (Worm et al. 2006) // Analyses of biomass and landings time series were restricted to stocks with a total catch summed across 1950–2008 greater than 10 000 t to match the methods used in Worm et al. (2006) // another widely used method for analyzing global landings data, which classifies any stock as collapsed when catches have dropped below 10% of the maximum catch seen in any year (Worm et al. 2006; Costello et al. 2008; [NAME] and Froese 2012) | Intro / Methods | Yes | University of Washington | No | 0 | 2.213
606 | Policy | 0-2 | 2012 | No | 4 | Female | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Thurstan, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Are marine reserves and non-consumptive activities compatible? A global analysis of marine reserve regulations. Marine Policy 36:1096-1104. | Yes | Marine Policy | Policy | United Kingdom | Marine reserves […] have been shown to effectively protect biodiversity and enable ecosystem recovery [5–7] | Intro | No | University of York | No | 0 | 1.865
607 | Multidisciplinary | 3-5 | 2010 | No | 2 | Female | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 2 | No | No | Yes | Thurstan, [NAME] and [NAME]. 2010. Ecological Meltdown in the Firth of Clyde, Scotland: Two Centuries of Change in a Coastal Marine Ecosystem. [NAME] One 5. | Yes | [NAME] One | Multidisciplinary | United Kingdom | studies have shown that populations in low diversity ecosystems are naturally less stable than those in more diverse ones as they are at higher risk from disease, invasion and changes in environmental conditions [92] // Fishery management in the Firth of Clyde and other similarly affected marine ecosystems needs to change from the current species-centred approach to one which takes into account the complex ecosystems that are present [92,101] | Discussion | No | University of York | No | 0 | 4.092
608 | Other | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 9 | Female | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Tin, T., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], P. Convey, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and I. Snape. 2009. Impacts of local human activities on the Antarctic environment. Antarctic Science 21:3-33. | Yes | Antarctic Science | Other | France | This introduces the possibility of trophic cascades rippling through foodwebs at the community level, with changes in the medium-term biodiversity and relative abundance of other species in the demersal community (Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | Antarctic Southern Ocean Coalition | No | 0 | 1.556
609 | Policy | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 3 | Male | Other | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Tironi, A., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. A Management Tool for Assessing Aquaculture Environmental Impacts in Chilean Patagonian Fjords: Integrating Hydrodynamic and Pellets Dispersion Models. Environmental Management 45:953-962. | Yes | Environmental Management | Policy | Chile | Direct impacts over biodiversity, habitat destruction and waste disposal, along with climate change indirect effects -and a possible synergy between these factors- allow predicting the collapse of all harvested taxa by the year 2048, if we sustain today’s trend of use and extraction (Harley and Hughes 2006; Worm and others 2006) | Intro | No | Universidad de Chile | No | 0 | 1.744
610 | Ecology | >5 | 2007 | Yes | 4 | Male | Canada | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Tittensor, [NAME], [NAME], M. Nystrom, and [NAME]. 2007. Human impacts on the species-area relationship reef fish assemblages. Ecology Letters 10:760-772. | Yes | Ecology Letters | Ecology | Canada | Species diversity can therefore be expected to be higher in protected areas at larger spatial scales (Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | Dalhousie University | No | 2 | 17.557
611 | Conservation | 3-5 | 2009 | No | 3 | Male | Other | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Tognelli, M. F., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Assessing the performance of the existing and proposed network of marine protected areas to conserve marine biodiversity in Chile. Biological Conservation 142:3147-3153. | Yes | Biological Conservation | Conservation | Chile | The profound and burgeoning influence of humans on marine ecosystems has prompted the creation of marine protected areas ([NAME], 1998; [NAME] and Gregr, 2005; Worm et al., 2006; [NAME], 2008; [NAME] and Ginsburg, 2008) | Intro | No | [NAME] Católica de Chile | No | 0 | 4.115
612 | Multidisciplinary | 3-5 | 2010 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 2 | No | No | Yes | Tolimieri, [NAME] and [NAME]. 2010. Taxonomic Distinctness of Demersal Fishes of the California Current: Moving Beyond Simple Measures of Diversity for Marine Ecosystem-Based Management. [NAME] One 5. | Yes | [NAME] One | Multidisciplinary | USA | For example, documenting patterns in biodiversity might also be important due to its potential relationship with ecosystem function [4–10] // At another level, the potential relationship between ecosystem function and biodiversity also makes the maintenance of richness a priority [6,8–10] | Intro / Discussion | No | Northwest Fisheries Science Center, NMFS, NOAA | No | 0 | 4.092
613 | Conservation | 3-5 | 2011 | Yes | 6 | Male | Canada | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Trebilco, R., [NAME], J. M. Flemming, C. Field, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Mapping species richness and human impact drivers to inform global pelagic conservation prioritisation. Biological Conservation 144:1758-1766. | Yes | Biological Conservation | Conservation | Canada | Many marine ecosystems have come under severe stress from increasing human impacts ([NAME], 2008; Myers and Worm, 2003; Nellman et al., 2008; [NAME], 2003; [NAME] and Knowlton, 2006; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | [NAME] University | No | 2 | 4.115
614 | Other | >5 | 2009 | No | 6 | Female | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Truong, H., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Does genetic variation in the Delta(6)-desaturase promoter modify the association between alpha-linolenic acid and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome? American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 89:920-925. | Yes | American Journal of Clinical Nutrition | Other | USA | given the growing concern about the sustainability of the world’s fisheries (13) | Intro | No | Brown University | No | 0 | 6.669
615 | Other | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 1 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | [NAME], J. 2009. Integrated Ecological-Economic Models. Pages 381-407  Annual Review of Resource Economics. | Yes | Annual Review of Resource Economics | Economics | USA | Worm et al. (2006) projected collapse of all currently harvested marine species by the mid-twenty-first century | Discussion | No | University of Wyoming | No | 0 | 1.745
616 | Other | 3-5 | 2012 | No | 4 | Male | Other | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Turchini, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Jumping on the Omega-3 Bandwagon: Distinguishing the Role of Long-Chain and Short-Chain Omega-3 Fatty Acids. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 52:795-803. | Yes | Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition | Other | Australia | However, the current exploitation trends of the wild stocks are considered by many fishery and conservation scientists as unsustainable (Pauly et al., 2005; Tibbetts, 2004;Worm et al., 2006; 2007) | Discussion | No | Deakin University | No | 0 | 4.789
617 | Other | 3-5 | 2009 | No | 3 | Male | Other | No | No | Yes | No | No | 2 | Yes | Yes | No | Turchini, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Fish oil replacement in finfish nutrition. Reviews in Aquaculture 1:10-57. | Yes | Reviews in Aquaculture | Other | Australia | Based on current exploitation trends, some scientists have predicted a collapse of all species of wild seafood that are currently fished by the year 2050 (Worm et al. 2006) // the aquaculture industry is under intense criticism from both scientists and environmental groups with regard to the long-term ecological sustainability of these finite fishery resources ([NAME] et al. 2000; Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | Deakin University | No | 0 | 4.036
618 | Other | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 1 | Male | Canada | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Turkington, R. 2009. Top-down and bottom-up forces in mammalian herbivore - vegetation systems: an essay review. Botany-Botanique 87:723-739. | Yes | Botany-Botanique | Other | Canada | The relative effect of these forces is becoming increasingly important as humans alter the function and services of ecosystems (Millenium Ecosystem Assessment 2005; Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | University of British Columbia | No | 0 | 1.251
619 | Other | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 4 | Female | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Turnipseed, M., [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. The Silver Anniversary of the United States' Exclusive Economic Zone: Twenty-Five Years of Ocean Use and Abuse, and the Possibility of a Blue Water Public Trust Doctrine. Ecology Law Quarterly 36:1-70. | Yes | Ecology Law Quarterly | Other | USA | More generally, biodiversity loss can affect primary and secondary productivity, resource use, nutrient cycling, and ecosystem resilience (i.e., the ability to either withstand or recover quickly from disturbances). [338] | Discussion | No | Duke University | No | 0 | 0.529
620 | Other | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 3 | Male | Other | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], U., K. Chakraborty, and [NAME]. 2010. Efficacy of various lipid supplements in formulated pellet diets for juvenile Scylla serrata. Aquaculture Research 41:1498-1513. | Yes | Aquaculture Research | Other | India | the aquaculture industry is under intense criticism from both scientists and environmentalists with regard to the long-term ecological sustainability of these finite fishery resources ([NAME] et al. 2000; Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute | No | 0 | 1.203
621 | Ecology | >5 | 2009 | No | 3 | Male | Other | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 1 | No | No | Yes | Uthicke, S., B. Schaffelke, and [NAME]. 2009. A boom-bust phylum? Ecological and evolutionary consequences of density variations in echinoderms. Ecological Monographs 79:3-24. | Yes | Ecological Monographs | Ecology | Australia | Similar to terrestrial environments, diversity and redundancy in marine ecosystems is crucial for ecosystem functioning, productivity, and resilience (Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | Australian Institute of Marine Science | No | 0 | 7.433
622 | Policy | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 7 | Male | Other | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], F. Marsac, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Nine nations, one ocean: A benchmark appraisal of the South Western Indian Ocean Fisheries Project (2008-2012). Ocean & Coastal Management 52:258-267. | Yes | Ocean & Coastal Management | Policy | South Africa | The relationships between ecosystem services, fisheries, biodiversity and the environmental impacts of fisheries are also largely unknown, although these have become major global research themes [4–7] | Intro | No | Oceanographic Research Institute | No | 0 | 1.333
623 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2012 | No | 6 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 2 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], P., J. Patricio, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. A biological trait approach to assess the functional composition of subtidal benthic communities in an estuarine ecosystem. Ecological Indicators 20:121-133. | Yes | Ecological Indicators | Ecology | Portugal | Centuries of overexploitation, habitat destruction and pollution have modified the rates of natural replacement and exchange of estuarine species, and increased species invasions and species extinctions (Loreau et al., 2001; [NAME], 2005; Lotze et al., 2006; Worm et al., 2006) // These changes represent a great influence over natural balance and dynamics and have a strong potential to alter the functioning of estuarine ecosystems ([NAME], 2005; Lotze et al., 2006; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | University of Coimbra | No | 0 | 2.695
624 | Other | >5 | 2011 | No | 2 | Female | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | No | Van Eenennaam, [NAME] and [NAME]. 2011. Transgenic salmon: a final leap to the grocery shelf? [NAME]. | Yes | Nature Biotechnology | Other | USA | One of the benefits associated with the development of GE [genetically engineered] fish for aquaculture may well be in helping to reduce recognized pressure on wild fish populations [26] | Discussion | No | University of California, [NAME] | No | 0 | 23.268
625 | Policy | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 2 | Female | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], [NAME] [NAME]. 2011. Science-Policy Interactions in MPA Site Selection in the Dutch Part of the North Sea. Environmental Management 47:656-670. | Yes | Environmental Management | Policy | The Netherlands | Over the past years, this has led to the realisation that broader ecological values such as biodiversity need to be taken into account (Worm and others 2006) | Intro | No | University of Amsterdam | No | 0 | 1.744
626 | Biology | 2-3 | 2007 | No | 5 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], [NAME], F. Vanhonacker, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2007. Perceived importance of sustainability and ethics related to fish: A consumer behavior perspective. [NAME] 36:580-585. | Yes | [NAME] | Biology | Belgium | as well as an urgent need to adopt more sustainable fisheries management to restore marine biodiversity and safeguard the contribution of fisheries to food security (16, 17) | Intro | No | Ghent University | No | 0 | 2.025
627 | Ecology | 0-2 | 2007 | No | 5 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | 1 | No | No | Yes | Verburg, P., [NAME], [NAME], K. R. Lips, and [NAME]. 2007. A stable isotope study of a neotropical stream food web prior to the extirpation of its large amphibian community. Journal of Tropical Ecology 23:643-651. | Yes | Journal of Tropical Ecology | Ecology | USA | The loss of biodiversity can severely impair ecosystem services (Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | University of Georgia | No | 0 | 1.401
628 | Ecology | 3-5 | 2009 | No | 1 | Male | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], [NAME]. Linking clonal growth patterns and ecophysiology allows the prediction of meadow-scale dynamics of seagrass beds. Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics 11:137-155. | Yes | Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics | Ecology | The Netherlands | Seagrass beds are considered to function as important coastal filters for nutrients and pollutants (Ward et al., 1984; Lemmens et al., 1996; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | [NAME] | No | 0 | 3.208
629 | Ecology | >5 | 2011 | No | 2 | Female | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Villnas, A. and A. Norkko. 2011. Benthic diversity gradients and shifting baselines: implications for assessing environmental status. Ecological Applications 21:2172-2186. | Yes | Ecological Applications | Ecology | Finland | At the same time, continuing losses of biodiversity in coastal and regional seas (Gray 1997, Lotze et al. 2006, Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | Finnish Environment Institute | No | 0 | 5.102
630 | Policy | 0-2 | 2012 | No | 1 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | No | No | 3 | No | No | No | Villasante, S. 2012. The management of the blue whiting fishery as complex social-ecological system: The Galician case. Marine Policy 36:1301-1308. | Yes | Marine Policy | Policy | Spain | In the absence of official and public information relating to direct fishing effort exerted on the stock in each of the northern and southern areas, reported catches may represent a proxy that allows the impact of fishing to be examined [32] // In this way, following the methodology used by [32,33,36,37], catches of blue whiting throughout the period for which ICES provides data (1998–2009) can be used to determine, indirectly, if the fishery in each ICES area is in one of the following categories [NAME] of Stock Catches Status Plot for the blue whiting fishery by area Source own elaboration from [9,31–36] | Methods / Results | Yes | University of Santiago de Compostela | No | 0 | 1.865
631 | Fisheries | >5 | 2011 | No | 4 | Male | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 2 | No | No | Yes | Villasante, S., [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Overfishing and the Common Fisheries Policy: (un)successful results from TAC regulation? Fish and Fisheries 12:34-50. | Yes | Fish and Fisheries | Fisheries | Sweden | As consequence, it is clear that deteriorating biodiversity impairs a marine ecosystem’s capacity to provide food, maintain water quality, and recover from perturbations ([NAME] and Lubchenco 1997; Worm et al. 2006) // There are several ways to evaluate the status of fishery resources, but each has its limitations and a different range of uncertainties ([NAME]. 2003; Worm et al. 2006) | Intro / Methods | Yes | The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences | No | 0 | 5.8
632 | Policy | 0-2 | 2012 | No | 5 | Male | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 3 | No | Yes | Yes | Villasante, S., D. Rodriguez, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. The Global Seafood Market Performance Index: A theoretical proposal and potential empirical applications. Marine Policy 36:142-152. | Yes | Marine Policy | Policy | Spain | Many cases of profound changes have occurred in marine ecosystems […] with severe impacts on the flows of goods and services they generate [26] // Here, we follow the methodology proposed in [26], who defined the fisheries collapse when catches dropping below 10% of the recorded maximum // Catches in volume 10% catches to avoid collapse Worm et al. [26] | Intro / Methods | Yes | University of Santiago de Compostela | No | 0 | 1.865
633 | Policy | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 2 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Villasante, S. and U. R. Sumaila. 2010. Estimating the effects of technological efficiency on the European fishing fleet. Marine Policy 34:720-722. | Yes | Marine Policy | Policy | Spain | These declines [in marine abundance] translate to […] unpredictable consequences on marine ecosystems services [11] | Intro | No | University of Santiago de Compostela | No | 0 | 1.865
634 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2012 | No | 4 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 2 | No | No | Yes | Villeger, S., F. Ferraton, D. Mouillot, and [NAME]. 2012. Nutrient recycling by coastal macrofauna: intra- versus interspecific differences. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 452:297-303. | Yes | Marine Ecology-Progress Series | Ecology | France | modify the biodiversity of coastal communities (e.g. [NAME]. 2010), which, in turn, affects ecosystem functioning and stability ([NAME] et al. 2003, Solan et al. 2004, Worm et al. 2006, [NAME]. 2008) // In the context of marine biodiversity loss (Worm et al. 2006, [NAME]. 2008) | Intro | No | [NAME] | No | 0 | 2.711
635 | Other | 2-3 | 2011 | No | 3 | Female | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 2 | No | No | Yes | Villnas, A., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Structural and functional shifts in zoobenthos induced by organic enrichment - Implications for community recovery potential. Journal of Sea Research 65:8-18. | Yes | Journal of Sea Research | Other | Finland | since total catches in the world's fishing areas generally have reached their maximum potential for capture (Worm et al., 2006; FAO, 2007) // While still debated, there is however evidence for that higher diversity is likely to increase the stability of communities against perturbations (McCann, 2000; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | Finnish Environment Institute | No | 0 | 2.598
636 | Fisheries | 2-3 | 2011 | No | 6 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Vinas, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], U. Vahdet, and [NAME]. 2011. Facts and uncertainties about the genetic population structure of Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) in the Mediterranean. Implications for fishery management. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 21:527-541. | Yes | Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries | Fisheries | Spain | A particular concern is fish species that are harvested by humans and, in most cases, overfished (Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | Universitat de Girona | No | 0 | 2.5
637 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 3 | Female | Canada | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Conservation and management of seahorses and other Syngnathidae. Journal of Fish Biology 78:1681-1724. | Yes | Journal of Fish Biology | Fisheries | Canada | Despite large increases in global fishing effort, cumulative yields across all species and large marine ecosystems have declined by 13% since passing a maximum in 1994 (Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | University of British Columbia | No | 0 | 1.685
638 | Other | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 7 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 2 | No | No | Yes | Volckaert, F., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Empowering marine science through genomics. Marine Genomics 1:33-35. | Yes | Marine Genomics | Other | Belgium | Therefore linking the latest developments in oceanographic hardware and genomics laboratory-based techniques provides opportunities for comprehensively understanding global marine biodiversity and ecosystem function at a time when both are severely threatened (Worm et al., 2006) // The result is a decrease of the average food chain length, which reduces ecosystem stability and could lead to an irreversible cascade to a new trophic dynamic (Worm et al., 2006) | Intro / Discussion | No | [NAME] | No | 0 | 1.551
639 | Other | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 1 | Female | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | Wakefield, J. 2010. Sustainability and Socio-Economic Need in the Common Fisheries Policy. European Law Review 35:476-496. | Yes | European Law Review | Other | United Kingdom | World wide, 29 percent of fish stocks exploited in 2005 have collapsed, and the extrapolation is that by 2048 all fish and shellfish species currently fished will have collapsed. [130] | Discussion | No | University of Warwick | No | 0 | 0.817
640 | Fisheries | 2-3 | 2008 | No | 3 | Male | Canada | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Walters, [NAME] [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Surplus production dynamics in declining and recovering fish populations. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 65:2536-2551. | Yes | Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences | Fisheries | Canada | Such diagnostics are particularly important in current debates about how to interpret evidence of stock collapse based on catch time series data (Worm et al. 2006; Longhurst 2007; Branch 2008) | Discussion | No | University of British Columbia | No | 0 | 2.213
641 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2009 | No | 14 | Female | Other | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | 2 | No | No | Yes | Waycott, M., C. M. Duarte, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Accelerating loss of seagrasses across the globe threatens coastal ecosystems. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 106:12377-12381. | Yes | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | Multidisciplinary | Australia | Coastal ecosystems such as salt marshes, coral reefs, mangroves, and seagrasses have declined, leading to growing concern because they have recognized ecological and economic values (1–5) // Seagrass losses decrease primary production, carbon sequestration, and nutrient cycling in the coastal zone (5) | Intro / Discussion | No | [NAME] University | No | 0 | 9.681
642 | Biology | 3-5 | 2009 | No | 1 | Male | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Webb, [NAME]. Biodiversity research sets sail: showcasing the diversity of marine life. Biology Letters 5:145-147. | Yes | Biology Letters | Biology | United Kingdom | As [NAME] (Virginia Institute of Marine Science) showed, experiments have revealed that systems with higher species diversity in general tend to have higher ‘function’ (primary production, nutrient cycling, trophic transfer, etc.); he suggests that these patterns are also seen for example in the functional  consequences of global fisheries declines (Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | University of Sheffield | No | 0 | 3.762
643 | Ecology | 2-3 | 2009 | No | 3 | Male | Europe | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Webb, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Life history mediates large-scale population ecology in marine benthic taxa. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 396:293-306. | Yes | Marine Ecology-Progress Series | Ecology | United Kingdom | Yet it is vital that we understand fundamental patterns in the distribution and abundance of marine taxa so that we can predict […] the likely consequences of these responses on the ecosystem services provided by the marine environment (Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | University of Sheffield | No | 0 | 2.711
644 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 7 | Male | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | Welch, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], D. Benetti, A. Tacon, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. From Fishing to the Sustainable Farming of Carnivorous Marine Finfish. Reviews in Fisheries Science 18:235-247. | Yes | Reviews in Fisheries Science | Fisheries | USA | Given present rates of extraction, Worm et al. (2006) have predicted a complete collapse of all global fisheries by 2048 and it isn’t certain that these fish can return | Discussion | No | University of Miami | No | 0 | 1.946
645 | Fisheries | 2-3 | 2009 | No | 4 | Male | Europe | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | West, C. D., [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Preventing overexploitation of migratory fish stocks: the efficacy of marine protected areas in a stochastic environment. Ices Journal of Marine Science 66:1919-1930. | Yes | ICES Journal of Marine Science | Fisheries | United Kingdom | Marine protected areas (MPAs) have been advocated as a way to slow or reverse the decline in fish stocks and biodiversity in our oceans attributed to overfishing (Worm et al., 2006, 2007) | Intro | No | University of York | No | 0 | 2.007
646 | Ecology | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 1 | Male | USA | No | No | Yes | No | No | 2 | No | Yes | No | White, C. 2009. Density dependence and the economic efficacy of marine reserves. Theoretical Ecology 2:127-138. | Yes | Theoretical Ecology | Ecology | USA | Current depletion of many fisheries species stocks to <10–20% their original levels (Myers and Worm 2003; Stobutzki et al. 2006; Worm et al. 2006) marks an upper limit of when this [cessation of fishing] may occur in some modern fisheries (for a discussion of exceptions, see [NAME] et al. 2006; Polacheck 2006) // Many fisheries [...] are still able to profitably exploit populations to <10–20% the original stock (Lipcius and Stockhausen 2002; Cardinale and Svedang 2004; Worm et al. 2006) | Intro / Methods | Yes | University of California, Santa Barbara | No | 0 | 1.545
647 | Ecology | >5 | 2008 | No | 5 | Male | USA | No | No | No | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | White, C., B. E. Kendall, S. Gaines, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Marine reserve effects on fishery profit. Ecology Letters 11:370-379. | Yes | Ecology Letters | Ecology | USA | When left without escapement restrictions, modern fisheries worldwide have demonstrated their ability to exploit fish populations to remarkably low escapement levels (i.e. < 20% of original stock), and maintain over many years sufficient harvest pressures for preventing recovery of stocks from those low levels (Lipcius & Stockhausen 2002; Cardinale & Svedang 2004; Worm et al. 2006) | Methods | Yes | University of California, Santa Barbara | No | 0 | 17.557
648 | Ecology | >5 | 2010 | No | 4 | Male | USA | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | White, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Decision analysis for designing marine protected areas for multiple species with uncertain fishery status. Ecological Applications 20:1523-1541. | Yes | Ecological Applications | Ecology | USA | While several recent studies have touted the benefits of MPA implementation for population sustainability, biodiversity, and ecosystem services ([NAME]. 2006, Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | University of California, [NAME] | No | 0 | 5.102
649 | Ecology | >5 | 2008 | Yes | 3 | Male | Canada | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Whitehead, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2008. Diversity of deep-water cetaceans in relation to temperature: implications for ocean warming. Ecology Letters 11:1198-1207. | Yes | Ecology Letters | Ecology | Canada | Observations and experiments in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems have indicated that eroding biodiversity, both at the genetic and species level, can make ecosystems less resilient, and more vulnerable to climate change and other perturbations (Tilman & Downing 1994; [NAME] et al. 2001; [NAME] et al. 2005; Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | Dalhousie University | No | 1 | 17.557
650 | Policy | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 5 | Female | Canada | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Wiber, [NAME], [NAME], E. Pinkerton, [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Coastal management challenges from a community perspective: The problem of 'stealth privatization' in a Canadian fishery. Marine Policy 34:598-605. | Yes | Marine Policy | Policy | Canada | Around the world, many vital marine fish, shellfish stocks, and other ecosystem services are under significant stress [1,2] | Intro | No | University of New Brunswick | No | 0 | 1.865
651 | Ecology | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 2 | Female | Europe | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Widdicombe, S. and [NAME]. 2008. Predicting the impact of ocean acidification on benthic biodiversity: What can animal physiology tell us? Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 366:187-197. | Yes | Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology | Ecology | United Kingdom | This is despite the fact that the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functions has been a defining feature of ecology in the last decade ([NAME], 1998; [NAME] et al., 2001), and that investigation and discussions have at last encompassed marine habitats (e.g., [NAME] et al., 2004; Worm et al., 2006) | Discussion | No | Plymouth Marine Laboratory | No | 0 | 1.875
652 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2007 | No | 2 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | 13 | Yes | Yes | No | Wilberg, M. J. and [NAME]. 2007. Comment on "Impacts of biodiversity loss on ocean ecosystem services". Science 316. | Yes | Science | Multidisciplinary | USA | Worm et al. ([NAME], 3 November 2006, p. 787) reported an increasing proportion of fisheries in a “collapsed” state. // Based on an analysis of commercial catch data from 64 large marine ecosystems (LMEs) spanning from 1950 to 2003, Worm et al. (1) reported that an increasing proportion of fisheries were in a “collapsed” state. // Extrapolation of these data further suggested the potential for the world’s fisheries to collapse by 2048 // Worm et al. (1) compared the catch of each species within an LME in each year to the maximum catch of that species over the entire time series. They defined a fishery as collapsed in a single year if the observed catch occurred after the maximum catch and was less than 10% of the recorded maximum catch. They then fit a trend line to the proportion of collapses over time and found a significant increase. // We used the same definition of collapse as Worm et al. and scored a time series  as collapsed in a given year if the value was less than 10% of the observed maximum and the value occurred after the maximum // Thus, about half of the observed collapses reported by Worm et al. in (1) are expected simply by chance // By comparing all subsequent catches to the maximum, Worm et al. seem to suggest that maximum historical catch represents an achievable and sustainable target for fisheries management | Abstract / Discussion | No | University of Maryland | No | 0 | 32.452
653 | Other | 2-3 | 2008 | No | 2 | Male | USA | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | Wong, A. C. and [NAME]. 2008. Transgenic approaches for the reproductive containment of genetically engineered fish. Aquaculture 275:1-12. | Yes | Aquaculture | Other | USA | Unfortunately, such concerns may become a moot point if there is a global collapse of all taxa currently fished by the mid-21st century as has been suggested by some reports (Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | University of California, [NAME] | No | 0 | 2.041
654 | Other | 3-5 | 2008 | No | 2 | Male | Canada | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | [NAME], [NAME] [NAME]. 2008. DNA barcoding detects market substitution in North American seafood. Food Research International 41:828-837. | Yes | Food Research International | Other | Canada | This is a pressing concern across all fish species currently being harvested, as a global collapse of all fisheries is expected by the mid-21st century (Worm et al., 2006) | Conclusions | No | University of Guelph | No | 0 | 3.15
655 | Other | 0-2 | 2010 | No | 1 | Female | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | Yes | Yes | No | Wood, M. C. 2010. "You Can't Negotiate with a Beetle": Environmental Law for a New Ecological Age. Natural Resources Journal 50:167-210. | Yes | Natural Resources Journal | Other | USA | Marine biologists look at the freefall of ocean fisheries and project the complete loss of wild seafood just four decades from now: Worm et al. (2006) (projecting "the global collapse of all taxa currently fished by the mid-21st century" based on current trends) | Discussion | No | University of Oregon | No | 0 | 0.212
656 | Other | 0-2 | 2008 | No | 2 | Male | Canada | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Wood, P. M. and [NAME]. 2008. Sustainability impeded: Ultra vires environmental issues. Environmental Ethics 30:159-174. | Yes | Environmental Ethics | Other | Canada | Other causes are the overexploitation of resource species such as the world’s marine fisheries [28] | Discussion | No | University of British Columbia | No | 0 | 0.364
658 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2007 | Yes | 14 | Male | Canada | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | 8 | No | No | Yes | Worm, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2007. Response to comments on "Impacts of biodiversity loss on ocean ecosystem services". Science 316:1285-1286. | Yes | Science | Multidisciplinary | Canada | What is the role and status of marine biodiversity in sustaining ocean ecosystem services such as food supply, water quality control, and ecosystem stability? In our recent study, we addressed this question using meta-analysis of published experimental data, historical time series, global catch trends, and studies of marine reserves and fisheries closures (1). We found that in all of these independent data sets, biodiversity was positively related to productivity, stability, and the supply of ecosystem services // However, the assumption of independence among data points does not hold [...] for the catch data that we used in (1). // fisheries catch data from the catch database of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and other sources, as outlined in (1) // regression line that we have fitted to the time series [figure 3A in (1)] // Our study (1) drew attention to the fact that fisheries depend on a limited number of available taxa and that there was a monotonic trend of declining catches affecting an increasing number of taxa since 1950  // We showed that such benefits typically include an increase in species diversity and a restoration of services associated with the productivity and stability of the ecosystem (1) // We used meta-analysis of our published database (1) to compare responses to protection between temperate and tropical areas // The ongoing erosion of marine biodiversity is exceedingly well documented, as are some of the functional and societal consequences (e.g., 1, 8, 9, 19). | Discussion | No | Dalhousie University | Yes | 14 | 32.452
659 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2009 | Yes | 21 | Male | Canada | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | 7 | No | Yes | Yes | Worm, B., [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], S. Jennings, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2009. Rebuilding Global Fisheries. Science 325:578-585. | Yes | Science | Multidisciplinary | Canada | Overfishing has long been recognized as a leading environmental and socioeconomic problem in the marine realm and has reduced biodiversity and modified ecosystem functioning (1–3).// Yet, current trends as well as future prospects for global fisheries remain controversial (3–5) // Composition with respect to individual species, however, has fluctuated more widely owing to stock collapses (3) // Part of this stability may arise from the diversity of discrete populations and species that are more likely to persist in fisheries with low exploitation rates (3, 23) // They [closed areas] can initiate recovery by providing refuge for overfished overfished stocks (21, 28), restoring community structure (22) and biodiversity (3) // Yet, many examples of recovery exist, both in protected areas (3, 21, 22) // Similar trajectories of recovery have been documented in protected areas around the world (3, 21, 22) | Intro | No | Dalhousie University | Yes | 4 | 32.452
660 | Biology | 0-2 | 2007 | No | 4 | Male | Canada | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | Yes | No | Wroblewski, [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2007. The fish fauna of [NAME], Labrador: a marine protected area in the Canadian subarctic coastal zone. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 87:575-587. | Yes | Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom | Biology | Canada | The global decline in abundance of commercially important marine fish has underscored the need for conserving living marine resources (Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | Memorial University of Newfoundland | No | 0 | 1
661 | Other | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 4 | Male | USA | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | 2 | No | Yes | No | Yakubu, A. A., [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Constant proportion harvest policies: Dynamic implications in the Pacific halibut and Atlantic cod fisheries. Mathematical Biosciences 232:66-77. | Yes | Mathematical Biosciences | Other | USA | In a 2006 Science article, a group of ecologists and economists warned that the world may run out of seafood from natural stocks if overfishing continues at current rates // Fisheries throughout the world are in crisis [5,7,9,11,16,22,23, 28,31,32] | Abstract / Intro | No | Howard University | No | 0 | 1.54
662 | Other | 2-3 | 2010 | No | 3 | Male | Other | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Yamazaki, S., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2010. Non-consumptive values and optimal marine reserve switching. Ecological Economics 69:2427-2434. | Yes | Ecological Economics | Economics | Australia | Given that reserves are frequently established for non-consumptive values, such as maintaining biodiversity ([NAME], 1998; Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | University of Tasmania | No | 0 | 2.713
663 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 3 | Male | Other | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Yick, [NAME], [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Niche overlap and trophic resource partitioning of two sympatric batoids co-inhabiting an estuarine system in southeast Australia. Journal of Applied Ichthyology 27:1272-1277. | Yes | Journal of Applied Ichthyology | Fisheries | Australia | It is recognized that declines in elasmobranch populations may result in unintentional changes in ecological structure (Worm et al., 2006) | Intro | No | University of Tasmania | No | 0 | 0.869
664 | Multidisciplinary | >5 | 2010 | No | 10 | Male | Other | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], [NAME], and K. Sainsbury. 2010. Ecosystem-based fisheries management requires a change to the selective fishing philosophy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 107:9485-9489. | Yes | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | Multidisciplinary | Australia | Ecosystem structure, species relationships and dependencies, and ecosystem processes and productivities can also be impacted (20) | Discussion | No | CSIRO Wealth from Oceans Flagship | No | 0 | 9.681
665 | Other | 0-2 | 2011 | No | 3 | Female | Other | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Zhu, J. F., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2011. Species composition and diversity of pelagic fishes based on a longline fishery catch in the North Pacific Ocean. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 29:261-269. | Yes | Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology | Other | China | Conservation of species diversity is crucial in […] supporting high productivity of living marine resources (Worm et al. 2006) | Intro | No | Shanghai Ocean University | No | 0 | 0.498
666 | Fisheries | 0-2 | 2009 | No | 2 | Female | USA | No | No | No | Yes | No | 1 | No | No | Yes | Zimmerman, M. S. and [NAME]. 2009. An Ecosystem Perspective on Re-establishing Native Deepwater Fishes in the Laurentian Great Lakes. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 29:1352-1371. | Yes | North American Journal of Fisheries Management | Fisheries | USA | Several ecological studies have demonstrated that the diversity of ecosystems and communities—but not populations—is correlated with stability (Tilman 1996; McCann 2000; Worm et al. 2006) | Discussion | No | Great Lakes Fisheries Commission | No | 0 | 0.943
667 | Other | >5 | 2012 | No | 3 | Female | Europe | No | No | Yes | No | No | 1 | No | No | No | Zinger, L., [NAME], and [NAME]. 2012. Two decades of describing the unseen majority of aquatic microbial diversity. Molecular Ecology 21:1878-1896. | Yes | Molecular Ecology | Other | Germany | primary productivity is likely to be affected by global warming, which may impact the microbial food web and diversity and thus threaten freshwater and marine resources (Dudgeon et al. 2006; Worm et al. 2006; Nogales et al. 2011) | Intro | No | Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology | No | 0 | 5.522