Spreadsheet: 4da8fdbb-e158-4706-adde-7fb50626655b
Sheet: Sheet1

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Rank | Proposed research question | No. | Answe-rable? | Effec-tive? | Delive-rable? | Burden reduct.? | Equi-table? | TOTAL (unwgh) | TOTAL (weigh) | AEA
1 | Study the main barriers to health care seeking and health care assess for children with pneumonia in different contexts and settings in developing countries | 46 | 89 | 93.13725490196079 | 88.23529411764706 | 57.29166666666666 | 91.66666666666666 | 83.86617647058824 | 79.65447566363602 | 73.33326
2 | Identify the key risk factors predisposing to the development of severe pneumonia and identify children who require hospitalization | 16 | 99 | 94.44444444444444 | 84.31372549019608 | 57.4074074074074 | 77.77777777777779 | 82.58867102396513 | 78.6856943480889 | 76.29621999999999
3 | Study the main barriers to increase coverage by available vaccines - Hib vaccine and pneumococcal vaccine - in different contexts and settings | 49 | 87 | 90.19607843137256 | 89.2156862745098 | 51.9607843137255 | 89.81481481481481 | 81.63747276688453 | 76.93732630647955 | 75.55547999999999
4 | Study whether the coverage by antibiotic treatment can be greatly expanded in safe and effective way if it was administred by community health workers | 51 | 82 | 86.27450980392157 | 90.19607843137256 | 52.08333333333334 | 97.05882352941177 | 81.52254901960785 | 76.84542848796875 | 75.18511
5 | Study the main barriers to increase demand for / compliance with vaccination with available vaccines in different contexts and settings - for measles and pertussis vaccines, Hib vaccine and pneumococcal vaccine | 47 | 90 | 86.27450980392157 | 85.29411764705883 | 50.98039215686274 | 93.51851851851852 | 81.21350762527234 | 76.50379539359712 | 73.33326
6 | Assess the effectiveness of new conjugate pneumococcal vaccines in reduction of childhood pneumonia morbidity and mortality in different settings | 24 | 95.28301886792453 | 95.83333333333334 | 78.43137254901961 | 49.07407407407408 | 76.85185185185185 | 79.09473013524068 | 74.39610822408129 | 74.81474
7 | Identify the key bacterial and non-bacterial pathogens associated with childhood pneumonia morbidity and mortality at the global level in HIV and non-HIV infected children | 2 | 87.73584905660378 | 83.33333333333334 | 78 | 50.92592592592593 | 83.33333333333334 | 76.66568832983928 | 72.67537904370764 | 71.11104
8 | Can community volunteers be trained to adequately assess, recognize danger signs, refer and treat ARI? | 62 | 91.48936170212765 | 87.5 | 80.55555555555556 | 37.5 | 96.29629629629629 | 78.66824271079591 | 72.25863339071073 | 72.96289
9 | Study the capacity of health systems world-wide to correctly diagnose and manage childhood pneumonia, and obstacles to correct diagnosis and case management in developing country setting | 45 | 75.51020408163265 | 75 | 90.19607843137256 | 50 | 89.81481481481481 | 76.104219465564 | 71.97314473068349 | 68.14808
10 | Identify cost reduction mechanisms for conjugate vaccines (e.g. regional purchasing consortia, private public partnerships and novel funding mechanisms) | 75 | 84.04255319148936 | 88.88888888888889 | 87.96296296296296 | 43.13725490196079 | 82.4074074074074 | 77.28781347054186 | 71.86094401573249 | 70.74067
11 | Identify systems capacity to provide (and main barriers to increase) availability of oxygen in health facilities | 59 | 92 | 93.75 | 75.49019607843137 | 40.625 | 85.18518518518519 | 77.41007625272331 | 71.64684227715502 | 72.22215
12 | Development of low-cost conjugate vaccines for pneumococcus | 105 | 84.04255319148936 | 84.52380952380952 | 83 | 50.98039215686274 | 75 | 75.50935097443232 | 71.6400397632804 | 65.18512
13 | Assess the role of micronutrient and macronutrient deficiencies in morbidity and mortality of childhood pneumonia. | 10 | 94.33962264150944 | 88.04347826086956 | 72.54901960784314 | 42.70833333333333 | 85.18518518518519 | 76.56512780574812 | 71.34267380689555 | 72.96289
14 | Assess the effectiveness of high coverage community based antibiotic treatment for pneumonia on mortality in immunised and non-immunised populations | 28 | 82.0754716981132 | 71.27659574468085 | 77.45098039215686 | 54.16666666666666 | 87.03703703703704 | 74.40135030773092 | 71.32533856424658 | 65.55548999999999
15 | Identify funding mechanisms for continuous supply of conjugate vaccines (e.g. regional purchasing consortia, private public partnerships and novel funding mechanisms) | 89 | 82.95454545454545 | 79.72972972972973 | 90.74074074074075 | 45.83333333333333 | 80.3921568627451 | 75.93010122421887 | 71.19709246585137 | 64.44438
16 | Identify factors that affect implementing and sustaining WHO ARI management strategy | 95 | 84.14634146341463 | 86.76470588235294 | 96.29629629629629 | 36.45833333333333 | 83.33333333333334 | 77.3998020617461 | 70.90079240857949 | 67.77771
17 | Assess the effectiveness of existing WHO treatment algorithms and guidelines on preventing pneumonia-related deaths, unnecessary referrals and unnecessary antibiotic use | 37 | 90.56603773584906 | 78.125 | 93.13725490196079 | 38.54166666666667 | 82.6923076923077 | 76.61245339935684 | 70.71153999177409 | 74.074
18 | Conduct a multicentre study of the burden of childhood pneumonia (morbidity  and mortality) in a representative group of developing countries and document the outcome | 1 | 93.39622641509435 | 62.5 | 77.6595744680851 | 49.07407407407408 | 87.96296296296296 | 74.1185675840433 | 70.47547943408048 | 68.51845
19 | Assess the effect of ongoing IMCI programs on reduction of pneumonia morbidity and mortality in different settings and contexts | 31 | 81.13207547169812 | 78.72340425531915 | 84.375 | 42.70833333333333 | 90.74074074074075 | 75.53591076021827 | 70.39037756421081 | 68.51845
20 | Study the main barriers to increase coverage by available vaccines - measles and pertussis vaccines - in different contexts and settings | 48 | 89 | 83.33333333333334 | 93.75 | 29.16666666666667 | 93.51851851851852 | 77.75370370370372 | 70.14668252982965 | 74.81474
21 | Identify clinical signs and simple lab tests that predict poor treatement outcome | 22 | 95.28301886792453 | 89.58333333333334 | 72.54901960784314 | 42.15686274509804 | 75.92592592592592 | 75.099632096025 | 70.00914238870928 | 69.62956
22 | Research on optimal ways to sustain trained health workers skills for ARI standardized case management in developing countries | 98 | 84.0909090909091 | 85.8974358974359 | 80.18867924528303 | 39 | 89.81481481481481 | 75.79836780968856 | 70.00902674280279 | 67.40733999999999
23 | Development of low-cost cross-protective common protein vaccines against the pneumococcus | 106 | 78.72340425531915 | 86.90476190476191 | 83.33333333333334 | 49.01960784313725 | 71.56862745098039 | 73.9099469575064 | 69.90521316494426 | 62.59253
24 | Conduct epidemiological research to separate burden (and aetiological causes) of pneumonia among neonates and children under 5 years of age | 4 | 90.56603773584906 | 83.33333333333334 | 79 | 44.11764705882353 | 75 | 74.40340362560119 | 69.7161909210471 | 69.25918999999999
25 | Research on best ways to build and sustain human capacity in providing effective interventions against pneumonia in the community | 97 | 76.13636363636364 | 84.21052631578947 | 73.14814814814815 | 42.15686274509804 | 93.51851851851852 | 73.83408387278357 | 68.80636410244196 | 64.44438
26 | Development of combo-vaccine against common bacterial pathogens of ALRI | 112 | 77.6595744680851 | 66.66666666666666 | 81.52173913043478 | 57.29166666666666 | 68.51851851851852 | 70.33163309007435 | 68.35254025461835 | 55.18512999999999
27 | Investigate efficacy of the impact of culture-appropriate health education and public health messages on health seeking behaviour change, hospitalization and mortality from childhood pneumonia | 143 | 78.72340425531915 | 76.66666666666667 | 81.37254901960785 | 37.25490196078432 | 95.37037037037037 | 73.87757845454968 | 68.14012765629428 | 65.55548999999999
28 | Study the main barriers towards achieving improved breastfeeding practices and increase in proportion of children who are breastfed | 44 | 87 | 82.97872340425532 | 87.5 | 35.29411764705883 | 77.45098039215686 | 74.04476428869421 | 67.97054006831942 | 68.88882
29 | Assess the role of non-breast feeding on morbidity and mortality from childhood pneumonia | 15 | 94.33962264150944 | 73.95833333333334 | 82.35294117647058 | 39.21568627450981 | 75.47169811320755 | 73.06765630780613 | 67.92756393165467 | 69.62956
30 | Assess the efficacy and effectiveness of all currently available vaccines in very young infants and severely malnourished population | 26 | 80.18867924528303 | 71.875 | 78.43137254901961 | 44.11764705882353 | 86.11111111111111 | 72.14476199284745 | 67.81462702200213 | 67.40733999999999
31 | Research that could lead to substantial reduction in cost of Hib and pneumococcal vaccines | 79 | 68.47826086956522 | 82.14285714285714 | 87.96296296296296 | 40.19607843137255 | 81.48148148148148 | 72.05232817764787 | 66.88273929566608 | 66.29623
32 | Develop algorithms appropriate to infants under 2 months of age, classifying infants by risk of bad outcome, and investigating home-based management. | 140 | 80.85106382978722 | 91.66666666666666 | 82.35294117647058 | 29.16666666666667 | 83.33333333333334 | 73.47413433458489 | 66.40958515027708 | 69.62956
33 | Determine effectiveness, cost-effectiveness of pulse oximeter on the use of oxygen to treat pneumonia and prevent deaths | 139 | 89.36170212765957 | 80.76923076923077 | 75.49019607843137 | 35.41666666666667 | 76.85185185185185 | 71.57792949876804 | 65.98685267518573 | 64.44438
34 | Measure and compare the burden of pneumonia using existing WHO definition and newer alternate definitions of ALRI/clinical pneumonia that use X-ray or laboratory diagnostics and/or correct for diseases that mimic the presence of pneumonia | 3 | 96.22641509433963 | 72.3404255319149 | 69.6078431372549 | 41.17647058823529 | 72.22222222222221 | 70.31467531479339 | 65.98177850871578 | 62.59253
35 | Conduct comparative trials of different antibiotics or their combinations in the (first and second line) treatment of outpatient pneumonia – effectiveness and cost-effectiveness (in countries with and without conjugate vaccines and areas with and without major HIV epidemics) | 126 | 86.17021276595744 | 86.90476190476191 | 80 | 29 | 81.48148148148148 | 72.71129123044017 | 65.8397854081122 | 65.92586
36 | What is the proportion of health workers aware of and able to use WHO case management guidelines for pneumonia (15 years after their launch), and what is required to make health workers follow guidelines? | 52 | 85 | 77.77777777777779 | 88.23529411764706 | 28.125 | 84.31372549019608 | 72.69035947712419 | 65.72859233699688 | 69.62956
37 | Assess the efficacy and effectiveness of behavioural change communication within communities to improve care-seeking behaviours | 153 | 78.72340425531915 | 65.47619047619048 | 86.27450980392157 | 34 | 90.74074074074075 | 71.04296905523441 | 65.31515450543658 | 65.18512
38 | Identify main barriers to achieving increased coverage with measles and pertussis vaccines | 56 | 88 | 75.49019607843137 | 85.41666666666666 | 22.34042553191489 | 94.44444444444444 | 73.13834654429148 | 65.2630523437765 | 71.11104
39 | Assess the effectiveness of Hib vaccine in reduction of childhood pneumonia morbidity and mortality in different settings | 23 | 88.67924528301887 | 86.45833333333334 | 82.35294117647058 | 30.55555555555556 | 70.37037037037037 | 71.68328914374975 | 65.2308415353227 | 70.74067
40 | Assessing the safety of home treatment with oral antibiotics for severe pneumonia | 64 | 79.7872340425532 | 85.22727272727273 | 87.03703703703704 | 31.11111111111111 | 74.50980392156863 | 71.53449176790853 | 65.10289165779152 | 65.92586
41 | Community based childhood mortality audit – understanding why there are missed opportunities for service provision. | 69 | 71.27659574468085 | 85.71428571428571 | 84.31372549019608 | 28.57142857142857 | 88.88888888888889 | 71.75298488189601 | 64.81711772892788 | 64.07401
42 | Assess the role of prematurity and low birth weight on morbidity and mortality from pneumonia | 14 | 92.45283018867924 | 82.29166666666666 | 54.25531914893617 | 39 | 78.70370370370371 | 69.34070394159716 | 64.74546642968137 | 66.29623
43 | Reconsider WHO pneumonia classification and specific danger signs; explore the classification based on prediction of defined outcomes, not preconceived diagnostic categories | 144 | 84.04255319148936 | 75.64102564102564 | 85.1063829787234 | 33.33333333333333 | 73.52941176470588 | 70.33054138185553 | 64.56646406059429 | 59.62956999999999
44 | Assess whether interventions that reduce childhood malaria also reduce the incidence and mortality from of childhood pneumonia | 151 | 87.2340425531915 | 77.38095238095238 | 78.125 | 25 | 89.81481481481481 | 71.51096194979172 | 64.30261291995612 | 65.92586
45 | Define and assess the effect of standby antibiotics for neonatal ALRI/Sepsis | 127 | 80.85106382978722 | 84.52380952380952 | 79.41176470588235 | 29 | 80.55555555555556 | 70.86843872300692 | 64.25317013237668 | 67.03697
46 | Develop cheap and effective alternatives for hospital-based treatment of severe/very severe pneumonia | 88 | 58.69565217391305 | 65.47619047619048 | 87.03703703703704 | 40.19607843137255 | 92.5925925925926 | 68.79951014222114 | 64.19417306771034 | 64.07401
47 | A trial of single dose Hib+pneumococcal vaccine, followed by a second dose at 9 months. | 78 | 84.0909090909091 | 78.57142857142857 | 88.23529411764706 | 32 | 67.64705882352942 | 70.10893812070283 | 64.13164554801097 | 62.9629
48 | Assess the incidence, aetiology and attributable mortality due to pneumonia in children infected with HIV before birth, at birth or after birth. | 21 | 87.73584905660378 | 80.68181818181817 | 66.66666666666666 | 31.25 | 84.25925925925925 | 70.11871863286957 | 64.11723240036545 | 67.40733999999999
49 | Develop existing vaccines against childhood pneumonia that are resistant to heat and do not require the cold-chain | 68 | 74.46808510638297 | 83.33333333333334 | 87.03703703703704 | 30.20833333333333 | 77.77777777777779 | 70.56491331757289 | 64.10825930034792 | 65.55548999999999
50 | Develop definitions of clinically important hypoxemia and measure the frequency of hypoxemia in children with clinical pneumonia of various severity | 6 | 86.79245283018868 | 73.95833333333334 | 69.6078431372549 | 40.19607843137255 | 71.29629629629629 | 68.37020080568917 | 64.0779643687777 | 66.6666
51 | Assess the effectiveness of PMTCT programmes on HIV-associated pneumonia burden | 34 | 87 | 80.95238095238095 | 74.35897435897436 | 26.66666666666667 | 85.71428571428571 | 70.93846153846155 | 64.05683453728147 | 61.85178999999999
52 | Measure the frequency of antibiotic resistance among cases of pneumonia caused by common respiratory bacterial pathogens | 5 | 96.22641509433963 | 89.58333333333334 | 76.59574468085107 | 33.33333333333333 | 51.85185185185185 | 69.51813565874184 | 63.89343695376325 | 68.51845
53 | Compare cost-effectiveness of all existing interventions in different settings | 38 | 78.30188679245283 | 65.55555555555556 | 75.49019607843137 | 35.41666666666667 | 90.19607843137256 | 68.9920767048958 | 63.8345366196559 | 61.85178999999999
54 | Cost-effectiveness of community treatment using short course or low-dose antibiotics for ALRI | 77 | 81.3953488372093 | 70.23809523809523 | 87.5 | 31.25 | 75.92592592592592 | 69.26187400024608 | 63.35184159796563 | 64.81474999999999
55 | Identify new approaches and develop algorithms for managing treatment failure after lack of improvement following the treatment by antimicrobial agents in community or at the facilities | 129 | 81.91489361702128 | 92.85714285714286 | 78.43137254901961 | 21.875 | 78.70370370370371 | 70.75642254537749 | 62.9796988209462 | 68.88882
56 | Operations research with evaluation of reduced dosage, alternate dosing schedules, and use of polysaccharide vaccine to reduce cost of conjugate vaccines | 84 | 77.6595744680851 | 85 | 86.79245283018868 | 23.95833333333334 | 76.47058823529412 | 69.97618977338024 | 62.64688885208206 | 67.40733999999999
57 | Identify systems capacity and main barriers to achieving increased coverage with vitamin A and zinc supplementation | 57 | 87 | 71.875 | 81.37254901960785 | 21 | 88.88888888888889 | 70.02728758169935 | 62.45678910918805 | 69.25918999999999
58 | Research to make oxygen concentrators further reduced in size, improve their reliability and length of lifetime without maintenance | 96 | 77.17391304347827 | 76.19047619047619 | 79.62962962962963 | 29.16666666666667 | 78.70370370370371 | 68.1728778467909 | 62.03783490744061 | 62.9629
59 | Define quality of care and develop and validate methods to monitor the quality of care from providers inside and outside the health system | 155 | 68.47826086956522 | 75 | 80 | 32.29166666666667 | 82.4074074074074 | 67.63546698872786 | 62.00005360189759 | 61.11105
60 | Identify proportion of health workers and health facilities with effective antimicrobials available at all times | 55 | 92 | 66.3265306122449 | 75.49019607843137 | 24 | 86.11111111111111 | 68.78556756035748 | 61.99407857494332 | 66.29623
61 | Comparative risk assessment: assessing the value (and cost-effectiveness) of adding additional interventions (e.g. nutritional) in the presence of existing intervention (e.g. vaccination)? | 50 | 84.04255319148936 | 67.77777777777779 | 83.33333333333334 | 27.08333333333333 | 79.41176470588235 | 68.32975246836324 | 61.97336049070235 | 63.70363999999999
62 | Assess the interaction between incidence of malaria and pneumonia aetiology, morbidity and mortality | 20 | 83.9622641509434 | 64.58333333333334 | 57.29166666666666 | 39.79591836734694 | 83.33333333333334 | 65.79330317032473 | 61.93877356817432 | 61.85178999999999
63 | Assess the role of indoor air pollution in morbidity and mortality of childhood pneumonia. | 11 | 93.39622641509435 | 75 | 60.78431372549019 | 29.16666666666667 | 80.55555555555556 | 67.78055247256135 | 61.93773534383595 | 64.81474999999999
64 | Research on improving oxygen concentrator technology to make it independent of electricity supply | 72 | 89.13043478260869 | 70.23809523809523 | 75 | 27.08333333333333 | 79.62962962962963 | 68.21629859673337 | 61.9327328849837 | 65.18512
65 | Developing very cheap antibiotics that would be highly effective for treating pneumonia | 80 | 56.52173913043478 | 75 | 86.11111111111111 | 34.31372549019608 | 84.25925925925925 | 67.24116699820024 | 61.84817578917605 | 66.6666
66 | Assess the effectiveness of zinc and vitamin A supplementation on childhood pneumonia morbidity and mortality | 29 | 88.67924528301887 | 82.29166666666666 | 77.45098039215686 | 20.83333333333334 | 77.77777777777779 | 69.4066006905907 | 61.83806191157582 | 68.51845
67 | Develop clinical and/or laboratory point-of care diagnostic methods that are reliable in differentiating bacterial from viral infections in community setting and at facilities in children and young infants | 115 | 85.1063829787234 | 72.61904761904762 | 55.10204081632652 | 40.625 | 73.07692307692307 | 65.30587889820413 | 61.59945529580745 | 56.29624
68 | Does maternal vaccination during pregnancy (e.g. with pneumococcal, Hib vaccines) affect infant ALRI morbidity, mortality and serology | 159 | 79.7872340425532 | 80.95238095238095 | 73.95833333333334 | 29.59183673469388 | 71.29629629629629 | 67.11721627185153 | 61.21099681227361 | 61.11105
69 | Develop objective, specific and useful definitions of treatment failure, both in clinical and community setting | 128 | 85.1063829787234 | 78.57142857142857 | 75 | 24 | 75.92592592592592 | 67.72074749521559 | 60.91548395225244 | 63.70363999999999
70 | Research to make technology related to oxygen interventions more robust and easily deliverably in both community setting and clinical practice | 66 | 78.72340425531915 | 69.04761904761905 | 67.5925925925926 | 34.375 | 78.70370370370371 | 65.6884639198469 | 60.87326782939228 | 58.51846
71 | Optimise community-based oxygen therapy treatment of lower respiratory infections and assess its effectiveness | 30 | 79.24528301886792 | 79.7872340425532 | 59 | 29.16666666666667 | 86.11111111111111 | 66.66205896783978 | 60.82034837104035 | 62.22216
72 | Determine if community health workers can use simple questions to effectively screen recurrent pneumonia cases for underlying problems requiring referral (TB, HIV, immune deficiency, asthma) | 82 | 81.91489361702128 | 83.33333333333334 | 75.92592592592592 | 18.75 | 83.33333333333334 | 68.65149724192278 | 60.80537652633417 | 67.77771
73 | Investigate the effectiveness of zinc on outcome of children hospitalized for severe pneumonia | 141 | 84.04255319148936 | 83.33333333333334 | 80.3921568627451 | 17.04545454545454 | 79.62962962962963 | 68.8886255125304 | 60.74283906067934 | 65.18512
74 | Assess the role of social, economic and cultural factors in morbidity and mortality of childhood pneumonia - e.g. poverty, overcrowding, locality | 9 | 81.13207547169812 | 65.625 | 56.86274509803921 | 34.31372549019608 | 88.88888888888889 | 65.36448698976446 | 60.68343465303858 | 62.22216
75 | Developing an HIV vaccine | 109 | 72.22222222222221 | 84.61538461538461 | 69.23076923076923 | 32.14285714285715 | 71.56862745098039 | 65.95597213244272 | 60.53918057697223 | 55.55549999999999
76 | Evaluate effectiveness of innovative methods of health education  for illiterate audiences (pictoral printed materials, stories, live demonstration, plays, media including radio and television) and methods for literate audiences (pamphlets, newspapers) | 154 | 77.6595744680851 | 69.04761904761905 | 73.52941176470588 | 26.04166666666667 | 87.96296296296296 | 66.84824698200794 | 60.52039726328962 | 61.48141999999999
77 | Develop improved indicators of pneumonia illness based on basic, clinical, and public health research to enable measurement of programme effectiveness | 36 | 76.53061224489795 | 72.61904761904762 | 68.62745098039215 | 32 | 77.88461538461539 | 65.53234524579062 | 60.31195532216611 | 58.14809
78 | Assess effectiveness and safety  of cotrimoxazole prophylaxis in HIV-infected children and optimal approaches to increased coverage | 150 | 80.85106382978722 | 89.28571428571429 | 68.08510638297872 | 21.27659574468085 | 78.70370370370371 | 67.64043678937296 | 60.30780133458528 | 61.48141999999999
79 | Assess the relationship between maternal nutrition and infant pneumonia | 13 | 80 | 64.28571428571429 | 62.74509803921568 | 31 | 84.25925925925925 | 64.45801431683785 | 59.37705353194453 | 58.14809
80 | Operations research to determine optimal duration of antibiotic treatment for non-severe and severe pneumonia in non-HIV and HIV infected children | 73 | 81.91489361702128 | 73.80952380952381 | 83.9622641509434 | 22.91666666666666 | 67.5925925925926 | 66.03918816734955 | 59.30248219158221 | 63.70363999999999
81 | Assessing the safety of reducing the duration of antibiotic therapy (parenteral or oral) for severe pneumonia | 65 | 85.1063829787234 | 71.42857142857143 | 91.66666666666666 | 12.22222222222222 | 77.77777777777779 | 67.64032421479229 | 59.00944117097688 | 68.14808
82 | Identify systems capacity to improve the quality of supportive care for children with pneumonia in health facilities and reduce nosocomial infections | 60 | 75 | 83.33333333333334 | 69.79166666666666 | 29.16666666666667 | 65.74074074074075 | 64.6064814814815 | 58.96592006345266 | 60.74068
83 | Effect of 5 days versus 10 days of antibiotics on relapse for severe pneumonia in HIV-infected or malnourished children | 142 | 78.04878048780488 | 69.04761904761905 | 86 | 15.625 | 85.29411764705883 | 66.80310343649656 | 58.80990292515244 | 63.70363999999999
84 | Develop clinical and/or laboratory point-of care diagnostic methods that are reliable in differentiating bacterial and viral respiratory infections from malaria in community setting and at facilities in children and young infants | 116 | 76.59574468085107 | 78.57142857142857 | 52.04081632653062 | 31.25 | 79.62962962962963 | 63.61752384168798 | 58.57916814871896 | 58.14809
85 | Research to develop inexpensive, rapid and reliable diagnostic tools based breath, blood and chest X-ray examination to assist in detection of children with increased risk of poor outcomes: determining aetiology; HIV infection; pulse oxymetry, etc. | 87 | 71.73913043478261 | 80.95238095238095 | 48.11320754716981 | 37.25490196078432 | 74.07407407407408 | 62.42673899383836 | 58.45676971921787 | 58.14809
86 | Development of vaccine against RSV for use in children, in infants and in pregnant women | 110 | 81.11111111111111 | 85.71428571428571 | 71.56862745098039 | 25 | 59.25925925925925 | 64.53065670712729 | 58.27801801457186 | 62.59253
87 | Assess cost-effectiveness of combined vaccination of pregnant women and their newborns to prevent severe pneumonia and hospital admissions | 148 | 73.33333333333333 | 71.7948717948718 | 72.82608695652173 | 29 | 71.29629629629629 | 63.65011767620464 | 58.21013720009752 | 55.55549999999999
88 | Research to assess cost-effectiveness of the integration of respiratory infections programme with other maternal and child health initiatives | 152 | 70.2127659574468 | 58.97435897435898 | 91.17647058823529 | 19.79166666666666 | 84.25925925925925 | 64.8829042891934 | 57.83623937676343 | 62.9629
89 | Can cell phones be used to support assessment and management of ALRI by community health workers | 146 | 77.6595744680851 | 71.11111111111111 | 62.74509803921568 | 19.79166666666666 | 91.66666666666666 | 64.59482339034903 | 57.65437013652748 | 61.85178999999999
90 | Research to train traditional healers in assessment and referral of ALRI | 92 | 77.6595744680851 | 61.90476190476191 | 68.51851851851852 | 26.47058823529412 | 80.55555555555556 | 63.02179973644304 | 57.43051269576512 | 58.88883
91 | Research to increase appeal/feasibility of home-based care | 91 | 73.40425531914893 | 58.33333333333334 | 72.22222222222221 | 32.35294117647059 | 73.14814814814815 | 61.89218003986464 | 57.37336898034744 | 55.18512999999999
92 | Identify main barriers to achieving increased handwashing in communities | 58 | 87 | 57.29166666666666 | 82.29166666666666 | 14.58333333333333 | 83.33333333333334 | 64.9 | 57.24107697082557 | 67.03697
93 | Validate different approaches to children with wheezing, to determine which children with wheezing require antibiotics and hospitalization. | 132 | 90.42553191489363 | 75 | 72 | 18.75 | 63.88888888888889 | 64.0128841607565 | 57.046536224802 | 61.85178999999999
94 | Do IMCI and immunization services reach the same children or are they complementary? | 63 | 72.3404255319149 | 55.68181818181818 | 79.34782608695652 | 22.22222222222222 | 84.375 | 62.79345840458236 | 56.54057285908419 | 57.03698
95 | Study the main barriers towards reducing indoor air pollution | 42 | 78 | 70.2127659574468 | 62.74509803921568 | 23.33333333333333 | 78.70370370370371 | 62.59898020673991 | 56.52883048082121 | 59.25919999999999
96 | Research on cost comparisons of general population vaccination vs. targeted vaccination of rural/marginalised communities in which multiple risk factors are present and most deaths occur | 83 | 62.76595744680851 | 60.46511627906976 | 68.51851851851852 | 26.66666666666667 | 91.50943396226415 | 61.98513857466553 | 56.45755162062284 | 58.51846
97 | Define the criteria (threshold) at which treatment with oxygen improves survival | 137 | 74.46808510638297 | 78.04878048780488 | 64.70588235294117 | 21.875 | 75 | 62.8195495894258 | 56.37445031950792 | 58.14809
98 | Determine factors which explain the variations in treatment failure, such as antibiotic resistance patterns, exact etiology of disease, interaction with other interventions, etc. | 130 | 79.7872340425532 | 75 | 58.82352941176471 | 26.04166666666667 | 69.44444444444444 | 61.8193749130858 | 56.27859347643069 | 56.29624
99 | Explore optimal delivery system for zinc in reducing pneumonia morbidity/mortality | 61 | 75.53191489361703 | 72.61904761904762 | 75 | 17.70833333333334 | 74.07407407407408 | 62.98667398401442 | 55.88640781955196 | 61.85178999999999
100 | Assess the effectiveness of handwashing interventions in prevention of childhood pneumonia morbidity and mortality | 33 | 82.0754716981132 | 66.30434782608695 | 77 | 14.58333333333333 | 76.85185185185185 | 63.36300094187707 | 55.82871703522198 | 64.44438
101 | Develop zinc, vitamin A and other micronutrient delivery solutions with longer duration of effect | 74 | 81.91489361702128 | 64.28571428571429 | 77.77777777777779 | 15.68627450980392 | 75.92592592592592 | 63.11811722324863 | 55.8081577960943 | 63.33327
102 | Development of vaccines against multiple respiratory viral antigens (HumanMPV, Influenza and Parainfluenza) | 107 | 79.7872340425532 | 72.5 | 72.54901960784314 | 26.04166666666667 | 55.55555555555556 | 61.28669517452371 | 55.79941235643458 | 56.66661
103 | Assess the effectiveness of influenza vaccine in reduction of childhood pneumonia morbidity and mortality in different settings | 25 | 87.73584905660378 | 76.04166666666666 | 62.74509803921568 | 17.70833333333334 | 67.9245283018868 | 62.43109507954125 | 55.54307072078682 | 61.48141999999999
104 | Develop specific questions to be assessed in ALRI management algorithms, in settings where there are changes in other programs including reduced treatment of malaria syndrome in parts of Africa. | 156 | 62.76595744680851 | 61.53846153846154 | 85.41666666666666 | 17.70833333333334 | 83.33333333333334 | 62.15255046372067 | 55.12516686629667 | 59.25919999999999
105 | Determine cost-effectiveness of pneumonia treatment at different levels of health facilities | 81 | 82.97872340425532 | 60.71428571428571 | 76.85185185185185 | 18.75 | 68.26923076923077 | 61.51281834792474 | 54.97383767793649 | 59.25919999999999
106 | Assess the effect of outpatient intramuscular gentamicin injections on shortening hospital stay for very severe ALRI | 32 | 79.8076923076923 | 76.04166666666666 | 80.20833333333334 | 11.11111111111111 | 65.68627450980392 | 62.57101558572147 | 54.49079867108951 | 63.33327
107 | Development of new pediatric antibiotic formulations for simplified dosing | 119 | 75.53191489361703 | 78.57142857142857 | 66.66666666666666 | 18.75 | 65.74074074074075 | 61.0521501744906 | 54.38584250962911 | 57.40734999999999
108 | Research on reducing cost of equipment such as hand-held nebulizers, O2 concentrators  and pulse oximeters and making them more available to general public | 85 | 78.72340425531915 | 60.71428571428571 | 52.94117647058824 | 25.53191489361702 | 76.85185185185185 | 58.95252663713239 | 53.91479275739863 | 54.07402
109 | Study whether oxymetry has a role at the community level? | 53 | 79 | 66.66666666666666 | 45.83333333333333 | 25.55555555555555 | 73.14814814814815 | 58.04074074074074 | 53.11955996965308 | 56.66661
110 | Monitor and evaluate antibiotic resistance after introduction of amoxil for non-severe pneumonia and ceftriaxone for severe pneumonia | 149 | 85.1063829787234 | 77.38095238095238 | 66.66666666666666 | 11.11111111111111 | 62.96296296296296 | 60.6456152200833 | 52.94670778049676 | 57.40734999999999
111 | Assess long-term serologic response and the role of herd immunity (single-dose childhood vaccination) on reduction of morbidity and mortality from childhood pneumonia | 27 | 57.54716981132076 | 51.11111111111111 | 75 | 30.3921568627451 | 69.44444444444444 | 56.69897644592428 | 52.57570903699662 | 54.07402
112 | Develop new formulation of existing vaccines against childhood pneumonia, e.g. intranasal spray, or skin patches, that are needle-free and more easily deliverable | 67 | 71.27659574468085 | 65.47619047619048 | 77.77777777777779 | 22.54901960784314 | 53.70370370370371 | 58.15665746203918 | 52.5676783297459 | 58.14809
113 | Study the main barriers towards decreasing the exposure to risks that lead to prematurity and low birth weight | 40 | 66.66666666666666 | 67.44186046511628 | 59.80392156862745 | 25.55555555555555 | 65.74074074074075 | 57.04174899934134 | 52.09902914196923 | 52.96290999999999
114 | Study the main barriers towards increasing child-spacing intervals | 41 | 71 | 56.38297872340425 | 68.75 | 15.55555555555556 | 81.37254901960785 | 58.61221665971352 | 51.9754382741514 | 56.29624
115 | Develop approaches to measure the magnitude of the problem of counterfeit antibiotics. | 157 | 70.2127659574468 | 71.95121951219512 | 61.76470588235294 | 18.75 | 66.66666666666666 | 57.8690716037323 | 51.71919162040922 | 54.81476
116 | Development of field based rapid bacterial and viral antigen-based tests which could replace blood cultures | 118 | 79.34782608695652 | 72.61904761904762 | 52.08333333333334 | 16.66666666666666 | 65.74074074074075 | 57.29152288934898 | 51.01884569893234 | 58.14809
117 | Development of new antimicrobial agents that could overcome bacterial resistance | 120 | 69.14893617021278 | 77.38095238095238 | 57.99999999999999 | 22.91666666666666 | 52.77777777777778 | 56.04486659912192 | 50.77887192094372 | 55.92587
118 | Developing effective vaccines against non-typable H. influenzae | 108 | 77.6595744680851 | 73.75 | 64.58333333333334 | 11.22448979591837 | 60.41666666666666 | 57.5268128528007 | 50.29411209786819 | 56.66661
119 | A qualitative study of knowledge, attitudes and practices of paediatricians and general practitioners - especially on understanding and support for IMCI and new vaccines. | 93 | 74.46808510638297 | 57.14285714285714 | 72 | 17.70833333333334 | 59.25925925925925 | 56.11570696836655 | 50.210005233565 | 53.33327999999999
120 | Establish whether there is a role for bronchodilators in diagnosis (differentiation from asthma) and in treatment of every ALRI in different age-groups of children | 133 | 88.88888888888889 | 60.71428571428571 | 69.14893617021278 | 10 | 57.4074074074074 | 57.23190363615895 | 50.06162252883598 | 58.51846
121 | Will a packaged approach to pneumococcal vaccine introduction that includes other elements of pneumonia control improve the acceptability of pneumococcal vaccine? | 147 | 67.3913043478261 | 53.57142857142857 | 56.99999999999999 | 19.79166666666666 | 77.45098039215686 | 55.04107599561563 | 49.64858278749926 | 51.11105999999999
122 | Determine the effect of cost-recovery schemes on program access and success. These should focus on the most deprived sections of the population. | 99 | 70.93023255813954 | 48.57142857142857 | 66.66666666666666 | 11.11111111111111 | 85.29411764705883 | 56.51471131088094 | 49.58284481635825 | 56.66661
123 | Study the main barriers towards reducing smoking in the households | 43 | 76 | 61.70212765957447 | 57.29166666666666 | 12.22222222222222 | 71.56862745098039 | 55.75692879988875 | 49.0744418975509 | 55.55549999999999
124 | Why are ineffective and unnecessary therapies so common, what drives their implementation in different contexts and settings? | 54 | 71 | 59.18367346938776 | 57.84313725490197 | 15.55555555555556 | 67.5925925925926 | 54.23499177448757 | 48.2811606744912 | 55.18512999999999
125 | Identify strategies to improve acceptibility of oxygen usage for children by guardians | 70 | 78.72340425531915 | 54.76190476190477 | 65.74074074074075 | 9.375 | 66.66666666666666 | 55.05354328492626 | 48.09159815759225 | 53.33327999999999
126 | Developing methods to increase the cleanliness of the emissions from household fuel and to reduce the exposure to smoke pollution | 123 | 73.91304347826086 | 53.57142857142857 | 39.1304347826087 | 20.83333333333334 | 76.85185185185185 | 52.86001840349665 | 48.09079251128478 | 57.03698
127 | Assess the quality of information published by the national health information systems and their usefulness in informing the burden assessment | 39 | 70.40816326530613 | 56.12244897959183 | 72.54901960784314 | 7.777777777777778 | 64.81481481481481 | 54.33444488906673 | 47.11701357555229 | 59.25919999999999
128 | Identify prevalence of children with ALRI who had received antibiotic treanment in the past and risk factors for antibiotic resistance | 19 | 77.88461538461539 | 58.33333333333334 | 55.88235294117647 | 16.66666666666666 | 53.70370370370371 | 52.49413440589912 | 47.05926044517347 | 54.44439
129 | Study the effect and cost-effectiveness of day care centre approach to pneumonia case management on both morbidity and mortality | 124 | 69.04761904761905 | 55.55555555555556 | 59.375 | 10.7843137254902 | 62.74509803921568 | 51.5015172735761 | 45.22864623813523 | 50.74068999999999
130 | Investigate if orogastric feeding is safe in young children with very severe pneumonia? | 135 | 76.59574468085107 | 44.5945945945946 | 69.14893617021278 | 7.777777777777778 | 61.11111111111111 | 51.84563286690947 | 45.1858550574823 | 55.55549999999999
131 | Determine the frequency and duration of sequelae of childhood pneumonia | 7 | 84 | 50 | 45.74468085106383 | 10.41666666666667 | 63.88888888888889 | 50.81004728132388 | 44.82696862439523 | 54.44439
132 | Development of effective anti-viral drugs for management of ALRI | 121 | 70.2127659574468 | 65.47619047619048 | 42.85714285714285 | 16.66666666666666 | 50.92592592592593 | 49.22773837667454 | 44.2022151826423 | 53.33327999999999
133 | Development of rapid point-of-care diagnostic tools to assess etiologic agent of ALRI using volatile expired gases | 114 | 77.17391304347827 | 58.33333333333334 | 25 | 21.875 | 56.86274509803921 | 47.84899829497016 | 44.04654957683827 | 52.22217
134 | Do nationally representative systems of antimicrobial sensitivity monitoring or reporting clinical failure increase the longevity of low cost antibiotics | 94 | 54.34782608695652 | 58.57142857142858 | 67 | 11.45833333333333 | 59.61538461538461 | 50.19859452142061 | 44.03676442239109 | 50.74068999999999
135 | Evaluate the use of antiviral drugs for management of clinical pneumonia and acute bronchiolitis syndrome | 136 | 76.13636363636364 | 51.24999999999999 | 51.9607843137255 | 12.5 | 55.55555555555556 | 49.48054070112894 | 43.91835431763135 | 52.22217
136 | Research to reduce the costs for complete combustion of biomass fuels | 86 | 56.97674418604651 | 48.48484848484848 | 45.55555555555556 | 14.44444444444444 | 78.57142857142857 | 48.80660424846472 | 43.52269391765299 | 51.48143
137 | Research to improve deliverability of antimicrobial agents to children with ALRI: transdermal, transnasal and depo formulations of antibiotics | 71 | 64.8936170212766 | 48.80952380952381 | 50.92592592592593 | 17.64705882352941 | 57.4074074074074 | 47.93670659753263 | 43.33728688502929 | 49.62958
138 | Developing passive immunization methods against RSV | 111 | 75 | 67.5 | 29.34782608695652 | 13.54166666666667 | 52.94117647058824 | 47.66613384484229 | 42.46628537659092 | 57.40734999999999
139 | Development of chip-based DNA arrays to establish etiologic agent in ALRI in secretions/urine/sweat and blood | 113 | 81.91489361702128 | 50 | 25 | 17.70833333333334 | 56.25 | 46.17464539007092 | 42.09783635114968 | 54.44439
140 | Determine geographic variation in antigenic structure of selected pneumococcal protein antigens | 145 | 75 | 48.71794871794872 | 38.88888888888889 | 15.55555555555556 | 55.20833333333334 | 46.6741452991453 | 42.08014014229098 | 49.99995
141 | Summarize data on the critical concentration of pollutants that cause pneumonia | 12 | 72 | 48.80952380952381 | 40.90909090909091 | 11.62790697674419 | 62.96296296296296 | 47.26189693166437 | 41.92745156254749 | 49.62958
142 | Costing analysis for educational/post-educational training scholarships for developing country infectious diseases/public health specialists | 90 | 72.09302325581395 | 33.33333333333333 | 57.77777777777777 | 6.862745098039216 | 69.79166666666666 | 47.97170922632618 | 41.86562603402337 | 55.55549999999999
143 | Research to assess cost-effectiveness of training methodology for lab technicians (would include standard manuals) to improve the diagnosis of the cause of childhood pneumonia | 158 | 68.18181818181817 | 50 | 54 | 4.166666666666666 | 65.74074074074075 | 48.41784511784512 | 41.64437359316316 | 55.55549999999999
144 | Investigate if inhaled pulmonary vasodilators synergise with oxygen and improve outcomes from very severe pneumonia | 138 | 77.27272727272727 | 37.5 | 39.21568627450981 | 10.41666666666667 | 61.11111111111111 | 45.10323826500297 | 40.06965674933141 | 56.29624
145 | Analysis of affect of pathogen pathogen interactions on respiratory disease severity, stratified by age and nutritional indicators | 125 | 65.95744680851064 | 42.85714285714285 | 22.61904761904762 | 17.70833333333334 | 66.66666666666666 | 43.16172745694023 | 39.47178662463043 | 54.07402
146 | Investigate virulence enhancement via pathogen-pathogen interaction among bacterial and non-bacterial agents of pneumonia, meningitis and sepsis | 18 | 68 | 40 | 17.70833333333334 | 27.45098039215686 | 50.96153846153846 | 40.82417043740573 | 39.07907492605981 | 55.18512999999999
147 | Research to improve the understanding of antigen structure of common bacterial and non-bacterial pathogens that cause childhood pneumonia | 101 | 77.6595744680851 | 44.04761904761904 | 26.66666666666667 | 18.75 | 43.13725490196079 | 42.05222301686632 | 38.7774449095776 | 53.33327999999999
148 | Investigate pathogenicity (virulence) factors among bacterial and non-bacterial agents associated with pneumonia, meningitis and sepsis | 17 | 76 | 42.22222222222222 | 26 | 16.66666666666666 | 50 | 42.17777777777778 | 38.56196979102007 | 54.44439
149 | Investigate if nasal decongestants work and relieve symptoms in infants with signs of pneumonia changing their classification? | 134 | 75.53191489361703 | 31.70731707317073 | 59.375 | 4.166666666666666 | 50.96153846153846 | 44.34848741899857 | 38.41514853770313 | 59.62956999999999
150 | Assess the role of geographic and climate factors in morbidity and mortality of childhood pneumonia - e.g. altitude, rainfall, air temperature, wet/dry seasons | 8 | 72.64150943396226 | 48.95833333333333 | 37.23404255319149 | 6.60377358490566 | 49.07407407407408 | 42.90234659589336 | 37.46598226752386 | 57.03698
151 | Assessing the usefulness of quantitative nasopharyngeal swabs using RT-PCR | 117 | 82.95454545454545 | 48.71794871794872 | 22.72727272727273 | 7.291666666666667 | 49 | 42.13828671328671 | 37.07848955823816 | 55.18512999999999
152 | Antigen-specific identification of air pollutants (indoor and outdoor) associated with chronic-recurrent obstructive lung disease (asthma) and acute recurrent obstructive lung disease (recurrent pneumonia) in hyper-endemic pneumonia settings | 104 | 70.2127659574468 | 41.25 | 30 | 7.291666666666667 | 58.33333333333334 | 41.41755319148936 | 36.39162110226237 | 51.11105999999999
153 | Identify role of anti-inflammatory agents and antioxidants in treatment of pneumonia/ALRI | 131 | 75.53191489361703 | 37.17948717948718 | 35.55555555555556 | 5.208333333333334 | 53.19148936170212 | 41.33335606473905 | 36.06113228475942 | 53.70365
154 | Research to understand the molecular and genetic basis of host resistance against respiratory and severe febrile infections | 103 | 71.27659574468085 | 42.85714285714285 | 21.875 | 11.45833333333333 | 42.15686274509804 | 37.92478693605101 | 34.10917191869815 | 55.18512999999999
155 | Creation of genomic libraries of bacterial and viral pathogens of public health importance to respiratory, enteric and other (e.g. flaviridae) diseases and identification of potential intervention targets | 100 | 73.40425531914893 | 35.8974358974359 | 15.21739130434783 | 13.72549019607843 | 44.11764705882353 | 36.47244395516692 | 33.34264895823353 | 57.77772
156 | Developing genetically modified crop with all necessary micronutrients | 122 | 57.89473684210527 | 37.87878787878788 | 32.89473684210527 | 7.777777777777778 | 50 | 37.28920786815523 | 32.87562976625017 | 46.66661999999999
157 | Investigate the mechanisms through which different pathogens cause disease symptoms of pneumonia, including organ failures | 102 | 65.95744680851064 | 40.47619047619047 | 19.79166666666666 | 12.22222222222222 | 38.23529411764706 | 35.33656405824742 | 32.01606380167134 | 55.55549999999999
158 | Assess the effectiveness of practices to prevent exposure to cold air | 35 | 54.25531914893617 | 26.66666666666667 | 35.55555555555556 | 1.041666666666667 | 52 | 33.90384160756501 | 29.01411561032089 | 52.22217