Spreadsheet: 221c84c2-fad7-4895-965e-ef5d3cee40da
Sheet: Stones

BUILDING_STONE_ID | STONE_NAME | PARENT BUILDING STONE  ID | ALTERNATIVE_NAMES | [NAME] | COLOUR | COLOUR_VARIATION | WEATHERED COLOUR | LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY | CHRONOSTRAT | STONE_LITHOLOGY | GRAIN_SIZE | [NAME] | KEY_IDENTIFICATION_FEATURES | FAILURE_WEATHERING | CONTEXT_OF_USE | LOCALITY_OF_USE | DATE_COMPILED | COMPILED_BY | MINERAL PLANNING AREA | English Heritage Atlas Area | SOURCE_OF_INFO | retrieval_date
2001 | Great Oolite | 1 |  |  |  |  |  | GREAT OOLITE GROUP |  | LIMESTONE |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2010-03-09 00:00:00 | D Cameron | Rutland County Council | Rutlandshire English Heritage Atlas Area |  | 2012-05-16 10:21:04
2002 | Cornbrash | 2001 | Great Oolite Limestone | Upper cornbrash is rough, medium grey with abundant fossils sometimes in bands which include bivalves, brachiopods and serpulids.  The mudstone is shelly.  Lower cornbrash is rough, pale grey and very shelly micrite/microsparite.  The lower part of the bed is very oyster rich.  In Rutland it never exceeds 4.58m in thickness. | GREY | Banded | Light Brown | BLISWORTH LIMESTONE FORMATION | JURASSIC | LIMESTONE | MEDIUM GRAINED | Lower cornbrash is Bathonian and the Upper is [NAME].   The base is complex owing to a combination of burrowing - large Thalassinoides networks seen on upturned bedding surfaces, and irregular cementation. | Rough, medium grey, very fossiliferous; a muddy shelly microsparite. | Can only be quarried by blasting, and when weathered it breaks up into flat masses of a light brown colour. | Used for rough walling.  In Peterborough Cathedral all the coarse out of sight work is constructed of Cornbrash also used used for mending roads. | Exposed as the uppermost limestone at Ketton Quarry and was unknown until recently. | 2010-10-29 00:00:00 | C Bancroft-Turner & D Frearson | Rutland County Council | Rutlandshire English Heritage Atlas Area | Hudson, J. D. & Clements, [NAME],  2007, The Middle Jurassic succession at Ketton, Rutland. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association, p.255-258, Leicester, University of Leicester.  [NAME], J. W., 1875,  The Geology of Rutland, Memoirs of the Geological Survey, London, Longmans & Co, p.218, 219.  [NAME], [NAME]1933, The Jurassic System in Great Britain, Oxford, [NAME], p.335 | 2012-05-16 10:21:04
2003 | Blisworth Limestone | 2001 | Great Oolite Limestone | Limestone that is shelly, sparry or micritic.  It is not always oolitic and many bits of shell may be coated by a layer of fine carbonate which makes them smooth and oval-shaped. | PALE-GREY | Uniform | Weathers to grey | BLISWORTH LIMESTONE FORMATION | JURASSIC | LIMESTONE | MEDIUM GRAINED | The upper part is more argillaceous and very oyster-rich, at the top is a prominent bed of fibrous calcite with cone in cone structure | Pale grey to off-white or yellowish limestones with thin marls and mudstones, fossiliferous, bioturbated peloidal, ooidal and shell-fragmented more-or-less argilaceous packstones and wackestones, subordinate cross-bedded ooidal shell-fragmented grainstones. | There are hard bands in Wellingborough in Northamptonshire but in Rutland it is more shelly and liable to flake. |  | Most common in southern and eastern Northamptonshire and found in the Rutland Formation at Ketton Quarry. | 2010-10-29 00:00:00 | C Bancroft-Turner & D Frearson | Rutland County Council | Rutlandshire English Heritage Atlas Area | Sutherland, [NAME],  2003, [NAME], Dorset, Dovecot Press, p.98-100.    BGS Lexicon of Named Rock Units [online].  Available at : www.bgs.ac.uk/lexicon [accessed 15/09/2010] | 2012-05-16 10:21:04
2004 | Lincolnshire Limestone | 1 |  |  |  |  |  | LINCOLNSHIRE LIMESTONE FORMATION | JURASSIC | LIMESTONE |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2010-03-09 00:00:00 | D Cameron | Rutland County Council | Rutlandshire English Heritage Atlas Area |  | 2012-05-16 10:21:04
2005 | Upper Lincolnshire Limestone | 2004 | Lincolnshire Limestone |  |  |  |  | UPPER LINCOLNSHIRE LIMESTONE MEMBER | JURASSIC | LIMESTONE |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2010-03-09 00:00:00 | D Cameron | Rutland County Council | Rutlandshire English Heritage Atlas Area |  | 2012-05-16 10:21:04
2006 | Ketton Stone | 2005 | Lincolnshire Limestone | Ketton stone is very porous, easy to work, hardening on exposure and an excellent stone to carve. | PALE-BUFF | Uniform | Silver grey although the top 1.2m at Ketton Quarry weathers dark brown due to pyritic oobiosparite | UPPER LINCOLNSHIRE LIMESTONE MEMBER | JURASSIC | LIMESTONE, OOIDAL | MEDIUM GRAINED | The upper is separated from the lower by a regional disconformity with channels due to submarine scour, cross bedded, in parts patches of uncemented oolite sand occur.  In parts the rock is an oosparite with late diagenetic poikilitic ferroan calcite cement showing lustre-mottling on bright days. | Oolitic limestone, some shelly, some sparry.  Colour ranges from pale cream to brownish yellow/[NAME] and from pale to warm pink.  The freestone is medium grained even textured rock consisting of ooliths joined together by small bridges of calcium carbonate.  Only occasional small fragments of shell are present amongst the oolite. | Weathers well in all but polluted atmospheres. | Used locally for housing, ancilliary buildings and walls and nationally as a building stone in cathedrals, castles, university colleges, great houses, city buildings and funerary monuments.  Used at Exeter Cathedral in the 20th century, Downing College, Cambridge and St. Pancras Railway Station. | Quarried since Roman times, used all over the county but predominately in the east.  Active quarry alongside the cement works at Ketton. | 2010-10-28 00:00:00 | C Bancroft-Turner & D Frearson | Rutland County Council | Rutlandshire English Heritage Atlas Area | Sutherland, [NAME],  2003, [NAME], Dorset, Dovecot Press, p.7.  [NAME], A. & Simmons, J. 1987  The Pattern of English Building, London, [NAME] and [NAME] p. 81-2.  University of Southampton Archaeology, Stone in archaeology [online].  Available at www.ads.ahds.ac.uk/catalogue [accessed [NAME]].  [NAME], [NAME], 2004, Grange Top [NAME], Ketton, Leicester, University of Leicester, p.2 | 2012-05-16 10:21:04
2007 | [NAME] | 2005 | Lincolnshire Limestone | Inferior variety of Ketton stone | DARK-BROWN | Banded | Dark brown | UPPER LINCOLNSHIRE LIMESTONE MEMBER | JURASSIC | LIMESTONE, BIOCLASTIC | VERY COARSE GRAINED | Often has white veins running through, shelly and ferruginous | More heavily cemented than Ketton Limestone with visible crystalline calcite and more variable ooliths, good cohesive strength. | Very absorbant | Walling | East of Rutland around Ketton | 2010-09-15 00:00:00 | C Bancroft-Turner & D Frearson | Rutland County Council | Rutlandshire English Heritage Atlas Area | University of Southampton Archaeology, Stone in archaeology [online].  Available at www.ads.ahds.ac.uk/catalogue [accessed [NAME]].  [NAME], J. W., 1875,  The Geology of Rutland, Memoirs of the Geological Survey, London, Longmans & Co, p. 180 | 2012-05-16 10:21:04
2008 | [NAME] | 2005 | Lincolnshire Limestone |  |  |  |  | UPPER LINCOLNSHIRE LIMESTONE MEMBER | JURASSIC | LIMESTONE, OOIDAL | FINE GRAINED | Lagoonal, fine grained, sparry, fossiliferous | Lagunal stone |  | Rubble or fill, used in the cement industry can be finely crushed.   Crushed at [NAME] for the agricultural industry for limestone. | Found in Ketton [NAME] and at [NAME] | 2010-10-28 00:00:00 | C Bancroft-Turner & D Frearson | Rutland County Council | Rutlandshire English Heritage Atlas Area | Jones, C., [NAME] (retired), 28/09/2010 [verbal] regarding The Geology of Rutland. | 2012-05-16 10:21:04
2009 | [NAME] | 2005 | Lincolnshire Limestone | A striking resemblance to the original Ketton stone but lacks the pink tint of older stone. | PALE-YELLOW | Uniform | Dark grey | UPPER LINCOLNSHIRE LIMESTONE MEMBER | JURASSIC | LIMESTONE, OOIDAL | MEDIUM GRAINED | Species of [NAME] occur in abundance | Light yellow to cream oolitic limestone. |  | Building and memorial stones.  Used at the Prince Christian Memorial at Windsor Castle. | [NAME] | 2010-09-15 00:00:00 | C Bancroft-Turner & D Frearson | Rutland County Council | Rutlandshire English Heritage Atlas Area | University of Southampton Archaeology, Stone in archaeology [online].  Available at www.ads.ahds.ac.uk/catalogue [accessed [NAME]].  [NAME], J. W., 1875,  The Geology of Rutland, Memoirs of the Geological Survey, London, Longmans & Co, p. 167, 180.  [NAME], D., [verbal] Slate in Rutland, 15/09/2010. | 2012-05-16 10:21:04
2010 | Edithweston Slate | 2005 | Lincolnshire Limestone |  |  |  |  | UPPER LINCOLNSHIRE LIMESTONE MEMBER | JURASSIC | LIMESTONE | MEDIUM GRAINED | Slate below the main bed | Limestone. |  |  | [NAME] | 2010-03-09 00:00:00 | ? | Rutland County Council | Rutlandshire English Heritage Atlas Area |  | 2012-05-16 10:21:04
2011 | [NAME] | 2005 | Lincolnshire Limestone | Oolitic  pale cream limestone of very high quality, suitable for ashlar and fine carving. | PALE-BUFF | Banded | Silver Grey | UPPER LINCOLNSHIRE LIMESTONE MEMBER | JURASSIC | LIMESTONE, BIOCLASTIC | MEDIUM GRAINED | Compact sub crystalline limestone | Shelly structure, cream coloured sometimes with a light blue.  Medium to coarse grained oolitic and bioclastic calcerenite with some intraclasts and abundant mudstone clasts and burrows at discrete horizons.   Some beds have a blue and grey seam. | Different beds of this stone have different weathering properties, the masonry stone has good weathering properties. Weathers to dark brown.  Lower beds have a closed pore structure which is used internally. | Used on exposed parts of buildings such as pinnacles and cornices. Large amounts of [NAME] stone was bought for Kings College chapel and was used for carved figures on the exterior of Windsor Castle.  The lower beds are used internally for fireplaces/floors .  Commercial names are [NAME] gold, [NAME], [NAME], White Stretton | The quarries are situated in a broad band that stretches from Greetham to Careby and from [NAME] to [NAME]. | 2010-10-29 00:00:00 | C Bancroft-Turner & D Frearson | Rutland County Council | Rutlandshire English Heritage Atlas Area | [NAME], J.S., 1995,  Building Stone from the East Midlands Quarries:Sources, Transportation and Usage,  Journal Medieval Archaeology, Leeds, Society for Medieval Archaeology, p.39, 111.  [NAME], J.D.  & Clements, [NAME], 2007, The Middle Jurassic succession at Ketton Rutland, Proceedings of the Geologists'  Association, Leicester, University of Leicester., p. 251.  [NAME], D., 1967, Cambridge Stone, London, [NAME] and [NAME], p. 43,.  [NAME], J. W., 1875,  The Geology of Rutland, Memoirs of the Geological Survey, London, Longmans & Co p.167. [NAME] [online].  Available at www.stamfordstone.co.uk & www.goldholme.com [accessed 21/09/2010] | 2012-05-16 10:21:04
2012 | [NAME] | 2005 | Lincolnshire Limestone | Most of [NAME] stone beds are sandy and gravel, upper bed of masonry stone oolitic, honey, high quality used for stone cladding , sills and quoins | BUFF | Uniform | buff/honey | UPPER LINCOLNSHIRE LIMESTONE MEMBER | JURASSIC | LIMESTONE, BIOCLASTIC | FINE GRAINED | Fine fossil layer not obvious, 600ml beds at Greetham, | Compact sub crystalline limestone presenting many of the shells characteristic of the coralline facies of the formation. Very feint lamination. | Good weathering, frost proof | Aggregate, but recent bed exposed used over past 2 years, used in Mayfair and local cills and quoins, suitble for fine angle cuts. | [NAME] and Thistleton | 2010-10-28 00:00:00 | C Bancroft-Turner & D Frearson | Rutland County Council | Rutlandshire English Heritage Atlas Area | [NAME], J. W., 1875,  The Geology of Rutland, Memoirs of the Geological Survey, London, Longmans & Co p.167.  [NAME], G. [verbal] (Stamford Stone Company), [NAME], 24/09/2010 | 2012-05-16 10:21:04
2013 | [NAME] | 2005 | Lincolnshire Limestone | Warm cream limestone, fine grained and textured and can develop a skin rather like icing sugar on a cake. | PALE-BUFF | Uniform | Silver grey | UPPER LINCOLNSHIRE LIMESTONE MEMBER | JURASSIC | LIMESTONE, OOIDAL | FINE GRAINED | The lower bed is known as Stamford Marble which is hard compact, usually blue hearted sparsley oolitic | Oolitic block limestone, two varieties, fine grained freestone and hard ragstone used for walls. | Resistant to weathering and frostproof | Blocks are large, used as facing stones in the late 17th early 18th century.  Good ashlar dressings and used on buildings in Cambridge.  The limestone marble below the freestone is used for interiors to make floors.  Early Stamford stone used at Ely Cathedral | The town of Stamford outside Rutland County Boundary.  [NAME] in Northamptonshire was built from Stamford Stone. | 2010-09-15 00:00:00 | C Bancroft-Turner & D Frearson | Rutland County Council | Rutlandshire English Heritage Atlas Area | Ireson, [NAME],  1986, The Stones of Stamford, Stamford, [NAME], p.2-5.    Stamford Freestone Ltd, 1968, brochure, S. Freestone Ltd, Couch group of Companies | 2012-05-16 10:21:04
2014 | [NAME] | 2013 | Lincolnshire Limestone | Warm cream limestone, fine grained and textured and can develop a skin rather like icing sugar on a cake. | PALE-BUFF | Uniform | Silver grey | UPPER LINCOLNSHIRE LIMESTONE MEMBER | JURASSIC | LIMESTONE, BIOCLASTIC | FINE GRAINED | The lower bed is known as Stamford Marble which is hard compact, usually blue hearted sparsley oolitic | Oolitic block limestone, two varieties, fine grained freestone and hard ragstone used for walls. | Resistant to weathering and frostproof | Blocks are large, used as facing stones in the late 17th early 18th century.  Good ashlar dressings and used on buildings in Cambridge.  The limestone marble below the freestone is used for interiors to make floors.  Early Stamford stone used at Ely Cathedral | The town of Stamford outside Rutland County Boundary.  [NAME] in Northamptonshire was built from Stamford Stone. | 2010-09-15 00:00:00 | C Bancroft-Turner & D Frearson | Rutland County Council | Rutlandshire English Heritage Atlas Area | Ireson, [NAME],  1986, The Stones of Stamford, Stamford, [NAME], p.2-5.    Stamford Freestone Ltd, 1968, brochure, S. Freestone Ltd, Couch group of Companies | 2012-05-16 10:21:04
2015 | Stamford Marble | 2013 | Lincolnshire Limestone | Warm cream limestone, fine grained and textured and can develop a skin rather like icing sugar on a cake. | PALE-BUFF | Uniform | Silver grey | UPPER LINCOLNSHIRE LIMESTONE MEMBER | JURASSIC | LIMESTONE, OOIDAL | FINE GRAINED | The lower bed is known as Stamford Marble which is hard compact, usually blue hearted sparsley oolitic | Oolitic block limestone, two varieties, fine grained freestone and hard ragstone used for walls. | Resistant to weathering and frostproof | Blocks are large, used as facing stones in the late 17th early 18th century.  Good ashlar dressings and used on buildings in Cambridge.  The limestone marble below the freestone is used for interiors to make floors.  Early Stamford stone used at Ely Cathedral | The town of Stamford outside Rutland County Boundary.  [NAME] in Northamptonshire was built from Stamford Stone. | 2010-09-15 00:00:00 | C Bancroft-Turner & D Frearson | Rutland County Council | Rutlandshire English Heritage Atlas Area | Ireson, [NAME],  1986, The Stones of Stamford, Stamford, [NAME], p.2-5.    Stamford Freestone Ltd, 1968, brochure, S. Freestone Ltd, Couch group of Companies | 2012-05-16 10:21:04
2016 | Great Casterton Stone | 2013 | Lincolnshire Limestone | Warm cream limestone, fine grained and textured and can develop a curious skin rather like icing sugar on a cake. | PALE-BUFF | Uniform | Silver grey | UPPER LINCOLNSHIRE LIMESTONE MEMBER | JURASSIC | LIMESTONE, BIOCLASTIC | FINE GRAINED | The lower bed is known as Stamford Marble which is hard compact, usually blue hearted sparsley oolitic | Oolitic block limestone, two varieties, fine grained freestone and hard ragstone used for walls. | Resistant to weathering and frostproof | Blocks are large, used as facing stones in the late 17th early 18th century.  Good ashlar dressings and used on buildings in Cambridge.  Used to build some churches in Stamford, and 17th C building facing | Two quarries in Great Casterton, but the same deposit as Stamford Stone | 2010-09-15 00:00:00 | C Bancroft-Turner & D Frearson | Rutland County Council | Rutlandshire English Heritage Atlas Area | Ireson, [NAME],  1986, The Stones of Stamford, Stamford, [NAME], p.2-5.    Stamford Freestone Ltd, 1968, brochure, S. Freestone Ltd, Couch group of Companies | 2012-05-16 10:21:04
2017 | Ancaster Stone | 2004 | Lincolnshire Limestone | Occurs as a rib, on average 1.5m thick within the clays below the Blisworth Limestone.  Can be sandy and flaggy but also shelly.  [NAME] are part of this group, which have been used for centuries as roofing slates.  The slatestone is sandy or calcareous and when sprinkled with water and exposed to frost readily cleave into even plates. | YELLOW | Mottled | buff/honey | UPPER LINCOLNSHIRE LIMESTONE MEMBER | JURASSIC | LIMESTONE | FINE GRAINED | [NAME] are a fissile, laminated, calceous sandstone. | Oolitic limestone of very high quality | Good weathering properties.  The older walls/buildings 200 years+ have lichen which gives the stone a silver grey appearance.  Villages with main trunk roads through have a blackened, brown hue due to pollution, ([NAME]). | Masonry stone is suitable for ashlar and fine carving.  Some grades are harder than the freestone and cannot be worked, this is hammer dressed left with cropped face and used to build side and rear house walls, main interior walls, chimney breasts and garden walls.  [NAME] slates used as roofing slates. | Quarries worked in the medieval period were at Ancaster, the parish of [NAME] and Stamford.  There was also a northern quarry area that supplied the cathedral of Lincoln.  New quarry in Stretton opened in 2005. The rubble walling stone is found to the east of the county. | 2010-09-15 00:00:00 | C Bancroft-Turner & D Frearson | Rutland County Council | Rutlandshire English Heritage Atlas Area | [NAME], J.S. 1995, Building Stone from the East Midlands Quarries:Sources, Transportation and Usage, Journal Medieval Archaeology, Leeds, Society for Medieval Archaeology p.39, 111.  Sutherland, D.S. Northamptonshire Slatestones, undated, Geology Dept. University of Leicester p. 2. [internet].  Available at wwww.stoneroof.org.uk/suth.html [accessed [NAME]].   Ireson, A.S. 1986, The Stones of Stamford, Stamford, [NAME], p.14. [NAME], [NAME], 1875,  The Geology of Rutland, Memoirs of the Geological Survey, London, Longmans & Co, p. 258 | 2012-05-16 10:21:04
2018 | Lower Lincolnshire Limestone | 2004 | Lincolnshire Limestone |  |  |  |  | LOWER LINCOLNSHIRE LIMESTONE MEMBER | JURASSIC | LIMESTONE |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2010-03-09 00:00:00 | D Cameron | Rutland County Council | Rutlandshire English Heritage Atlas Area |  | 2012-05-16 10:21:04
2019 | [NAME] | 2018 | Lincolnshire Limestone | Occurs as a rib, on average 1.5m thick within the clays below the Blisworth Limestone.  Can be sandy and flaggy but also shelly.  [NAME] are part of this group, which have been used for centuries as roofing slates.  The slatestone is sandy or calcareous and when sprinkled with water and exposed to frost readily cleave into even plates. | YELLOW | Mottled | buff/honey | LOWER LINCOLNSHIRE LIMESTONE MEMBER | JURASSIC | LIMESTONE | FINE GRAINED | [NAME] are a fissile, laminated, calceous sandstone. | Lower beds forming localised slate beds.  [NAME] slates vary in density according to location | Good weathering properties.  The older walls/buildings 200 years+ have lichen which gives the stone a silver grey appearance.  Villages with main trunk roads through have a blackened, brown hue due to pollution, ([NAME]). | Masonry stone is suitable for ashlar and fine carving.  Some grades are harder than the freestone and cannot be worked, this is hammer dressed left with cropped face and used to build side and rear house walls, main interior walls, chimney breasts and garden walls.  [NAME] slates used as roofing slates. | Quarries worked in the medieval period were at Ancaster, the parish of [NAME] and Stamford.  There was also a northern quarry area that supplied the cathedral of Lincoln.  New quarry in Stretton opened in 2005. The rubble walling stone is found to the east of the county. | 2010-09-15 00:00:00 | C Bancroft-Turner & D Frearson | Rutland County Council | Rutlandshire English Heritage Atlas Area | [NAME], J.S. 1995, Building Stone from the East Midlands Quarries:Sources, Transportation and Usage, Journal Medieval Archaeology, Leeds, Society for Medieval Archaeology p.39, 111.  Sutherland, D.S. Northamptonshire Slatestones, undated, Geology Dept. University of Leicester p. 2. [internet].  Available at wwww.stoneroof.org.uk/suth.html [accessed [NAME]].   Ireson, A.S. 1986, The Stones of Stamford, Stamford, [NAME], p.14. [NAME], [NAME], 1875,  The Geology of Rutland, Memoirs of the Geological Survey, London, Longmans & Co, p. 258 | 2012-05-16 10:21:04
2020 | Northampton Sand | 1 | [NAME] | Ironstones, sandstones and limestones. | BROWN | Uniform | Medium brown with purplish to grey cores. | NORTHAMPTON SAND FORMATION | JURASSIC | SANDSTONE, FERRUGINOUS | FINE GRAINED | Highly silaceous, often yields 30-50% metallic iron. | The sandstones are composed of quartz grains in a matrix of variably brown limonite, in the lower beds it forms  an iron carbonate sandy limestone. | The ironstone particularly in older buildings is sometimes soft and crumbly.  Stone from the lower beds is a plum colour surrounded by weathered zone of medium light brown. | Stone dwellings, farms, churches, walls.  Lower levels known as the "Bastard Stone" by quarrymen as it contained no iron ore. | Quarried extensively, evidence of Roman smelting for iron, Lyddington, Caldecott, Pilton, [NAME] a small outcrop in Barrowden, Uppingham, mostly the whole of the western side of the county including [NAME]. | 2010-10-28 00:00:00 | C Bancroft-Turner & D Frearson | Rutland County Council | Rutlandshire English Heritage Atlas Area | Sutherland, D.S.,  2003, [NAME], Dorset, Dovecote Press, pp 42. 50. [NAME], [NAME], 1875,  The Geology of Rutland, Memoirs of the Geological Survey, London, Longmans & Co, p.92.  Hewlett,  [NAME], 1979 (reprint), The Quarries, Grantham, [NAME]. [NAME], C., [NAME] (retired), 28/09/2010 [verbal] regarding The Geology of Rutland. | 2012-05-16 10:21:04
2021 | Northampton Stone | 2020 | Northampton Sand | Ironstones, sandstones and limestones. | BROWN | Uniform | Medium brown with purplish to grey cores. | NORTHAMPTON SAND FORMATION | JURASSIC | SANDSTONE, FERRUGINOUS | FINE GRAINED | Highly silaceous, often yields 30-50% metallic iron. | The sandstones are composed of quartz grains in a matrix of variably brown limonite, in the lower beds it forms  an iron carbonate sandy limestone. | The ironstone particularly in older buildings is sometimes soft and crumbly.  Stone from the lower beds is a plum colour surrounded by weathered zone of medium light brown. | Stone dwellings, farms, churches, walls.  Lower levels known as the "Bastard Stone" by quarrymen as it contained no iron ore. | Quarried extensively, evidence of Roman smelting for iron, Lyddington, Caldecott, Pilton, [NAME] a small outcrop in Barrowden, Uppingham, mostly the whole of the western side of the county including [NAME]. | 2010-10-28 00:00:00 | C Bancroft-Turner & D Frearson | Rutland County Council | Rutlandshire English Heritage Atlas Area | Sutherland, D.S.,  2003, [NAME], Dorset, Dovecote Press, pp 42. 50. [NAME], [NAME], 1875,  The Geology of Rutland, Memoirs of the Geological Survey, London, Longmans & Co, p.92.  Hewlett,  [NAME], 1979 (reprint), The Quarries, Grantham, [NAME]. [NAME], C., [NAME] (retired), 28/09/2010 [verbal] regarding The Geology of Rutland. | 2012-05-16 10:21:04
2022 | [NAME] | 2020 | Northampton Sand | From the lowest beds of the Northampton Sand, over 2 metres thick and yields a hard building stone of a calcareous nature beneath more ferruginous ironstone. | GREEN | Uniform | [NAME] | NORTHAMPTON SAND FORMATION | JURASSIC | IRONSTONE | FINE GRAINED | Calcareous beds at Uppingham are 0.75m thick. Chamosite (this may be Berthierine)  forms fine ooliths when examined under a microscope. | Ferruginous. | Friable texture with different degrees of hardness.  Weathers to warm shades of brown to light gold.  Unweathered is a very hard dark grey, green, blue rock. | Dwellings in villages such as Rockingham and [NAME]. | Quarried outside Uppingham, 3 conspicuous hills known as the Burrows, [NAME] and Priestly Hill. | 2010-10-28 00:00:00 | C Bancroft-Turner & D Frearson | Rutland County Council | Rutlandshire English Heritage Atlas Area | [NAME], J. W., 1875,  The Geology of Rutland, Memoirs of the Geological Survey, London, Longmans & Co p.107,120.  Sutherland, D.S. 2003 Northamptonshire Stone, Dorset, Dovecot Press, p. 49.    Jones, C., [NAME] (retired), 28/09/2010 [verbal] regarding The Geology of Rutland. | 2012-05-16 10:21:04
2023 | [NAME] | 1 | Lias |  | GREY |  | White | LIAS GROUP | JURASSIC | LIMESTONE | VERY COARSE GRAINED | Finely laminated fish and much jointed beds of argillaceous beds, above these are coarse shelly limestones | Two series of finely laminated shales and limestones occuring at the base of the upper and lower lias. |  | Used in Brickyards, railway cuttings, used for lime burning. | Also known as Lower Lias | 2010-10-28 00:00:00 | C Bancroft-Turner & D Frearson | Rutland County Council | Rutlandshire English Heritage Atlas Area | [NAME], J. W., 1875,  The Geology of Rutland, Memoirs of the Geological Survey, London, Longmans & Co, p. 58 | 2012-05-16 10:21:04
2024 | Marlstone | 1 | Marlstone Rock | Moderately strong and muddy. | RED | Mottled | Weathers to a rusty colour, some has a deep purple/green hue. | [NAME] FORMATION | JURASSIC | IRONSTONE | FINE GRAINED |  | Sandy, shell-fragmented, ooidal and ferruginous with abundant secondary limonite, maybe pebbly at the base.  Variety in colours, some are plum others a dark bluish brown. |  | Used on buildings, roads, lime burning, iron smelting.  [NAME] has many buildings in the Marlestone. | Oakham, often appearing as outcrops as at Burley, Cottesmore,  Pilton, Market Overton. | 2010-09-15 00:00:00 | C Bancroft-Turner & D Frearson | Rutland County Council | Rutlandshire English Heritage Atlas Area | [NAME], J. W., 1875,  The Geology of Rutland, Memoirs of the Geological Survey, London, Longmans & Co, p. 89 .  Carney, J.N. & Ambrose K. 2007, Geology of the Leicester District, NERC, p.4. Ore Extraction [on-line].  Available at  www.rutlandrailwaymuseum.org.uk [accessed 21/09/2010].  Taylor & Ireson, 1983, , English Stone Building, [NAME], [NAME],  p. 23.  Sutherland, D.S., 2003, [NAME], Dorset, Dovecot Press,  p.34.  Jones, C., [NAME] (retired), 28/09/2010 [verbal] regarding The Geology of Rutland. | 2012-05-16 10:21:04
2025 | Ironstone | 1 |  |  |  |  |  | JURASSIC ROCKS (UNDIFFERENTIATED) | JURASSIC | IRONSTONE |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2010-03-09 00:00:00 | D Cameron | Rutland County Council | Rutlandshire English Heritage Atlas Area |  | 2012-05-16 10:21:04
2026 | [NAME] | 1 |  |  |  |  |  | JURASSIC ROCKS (UNDIFFERENTIATED) | JURASSIC | LIMESTONE, FLAGGY |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2010-03-09 00:00:00 | D Cameron | Rutland County Council | Rutlandshire English Heritage Atlas Area |  | 2012-05-16 10:21:04
2027 | [NAME] | 2011 | [NAME] |  |  |  |  | UPPER LINCOLNSHIRE LIMESTONE MEMBER | JURASSIC | LIMESTONE, BIOCLASTIC | MEDIUM GRAINED |  |  |  |  |  | 2010-03-09 00:00:00 | D Cameron | Rutland County Council | Rutlandshire English Heritage Atlas Area |  | 2012-05-16 10:21:04