Spreadsheet: 38a487e7-945a-448d-9d97-0a512dfeeaab
Sheet: Sheet1

Table S5. Functional annotation of 33 genes with significant expression difference between humans and chimpanzees | Unnamed: 1 | Unnamed: 2 | Unnamed: 3 | Unnamed: 4 | Unnamed: 5 | Unnamed: 6 | Unnamed: 7 | Unnamed: 8
RefSeq. ID | UniProt SwissProt | mRNA differencea | Protein differenceb | [NAME] | GO description |  |  | .
 |  |  |  |  | mol. function | cell. component | biol. process | .
NP_000021 | P21549 | yes | yes | Serine--pyruvate aminotransferase | alanine-glyoxylate transaminase activity protein binding; protein homodimerization activity; pyridoxal phosphate binding; serine-pyruvate transaminase activity; transaminase activity; transferase activity | mitochondrion; peroxisome | glyoxylate metabolism;metabolism; protein targeting to peroxisome | .
NP_000445 | P60052 |  | yes | Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] | antioxidant activity; copper ion binding;copper, zinc superoxide dismutase activity;metal ion binding; oxidoreductase activity; zinc ion binding | cytoplasm | nervous system development; response to oxidative stress; superoxide metabolism | .
NP_000659 | Q5I0R0 |  | yes | alcohol dehydrogenase 1B (class I), beta polypeptide | alcohol dehydrogenase activity, zinc-dependent [pmid 9982]; electron carrier activity [pmid 2398055]; metal ion binding; zinc ion binding [pmid 9982] |  | ethanol oxidation [pmid 2398055]" | .
NP_000661 | P08319 |  | yes | Alcohol dehydrogenase 4 | alcohol dehydrogenase activity [pmid 3036213]; electron-transferring-flavoprotein dehydrogenase activity [pmid 3466164]; metal ion binding; oxidoreductase activity; zinc ion binding |  | alcohol metabolism [pmid 3466164]; aldehyde metabolism [pmid 3466164]; ethanol oxidation | .
NP_000680 | P00352 |  | yes | Retinal dehydrogenase 1 | aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD) activity [pmid 1709013]; androgen binding [pmid 1709013]; oxidoreductase activity; [NAME] activator activity [pmid 1709013]; retinal dehydrogenase activity | cytoplasm [pmid 2987944] | aldehyde metabolism [pmid 1709013]; metabolism | .
NP_000911 | [NAME] | yes |  | Pyruvate carboxylase, mitochondrial precursor | ATP binding [pmid 8048912]; biotin binding[pmid 8048912]; ligase activity; manganese ion binding;nucleotide binding; pyruvate carboxylase activity | cytoplasm; mitochondrion | gluconeogenesis; lipid biosynthesis;metabolism | .
NP_000980 | P62890 | yes |  | 60S ribosomal protein L30 | structural constituent of ribosome | intracellular; ribosome | protein biosynthesis | .
NP_001015 | P63221 | yes |  | 40S ribosomal protein S21 | ribosome binding; structural constituent of ribosome [pmid 15883184] | cytosolic small ribosomal subunit (sensu [NAME]) [pmid 15883184]; intracellular; ribosome | cell differentiation [pmid 7786314]; cell proliferation; protein biosynthesis [pmid 15883184] | .
NP_001054 | P02787 | yes |  | Serotransferrin precursor | ferric iron binding; metal ion binding | endocytic vesicle [pmid 15229288] [pmid 15292400]; extracellular region [pmid 14718574] | ion transport; iron ion homeostasis; iron ion transport | .
NP_001076 | P01011 | yes | yes | Alpha-1-antichymotrypsin precursor | chymotrypsin inhibitor activity [pmid 9880565]; DNA binding [pmid 9880565]; protein binding[pmid 12709365] [pmid 14687906] | extracellular region [pmid 9880565] [pmid 14718574]; intracellular [pmid 9880565] | acute-phase response; inflammatory response[pmid 12475184]; regulation of lipid metabolism [pmid 11835318] | .
NP_001600 | P45954 |  | yes | Short/branched chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial precursor | acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity [pmid 7698750]; FAD binding | mitochondrion [pmid 7698750] | electron transport; fatty acid metabolism[pmid 7698750]; lipid metabolism; metabolism | .
NP_001613 | P02765 | yes |  | [NAME] precursor | cysteine protease inhibitor activity; kinase inhibitor activity [pmid 12203945] | extracellular region [pmid 14718574];extracellular space [pmid 11922920] | acute-phase response [pmid 12153747]; negative regulation of bone mineralization; negative  regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway [pmid 12153747]; pinocytosis [pmid 12773197]; positive regulation of phagocytosis [pmid 12725640]; regulation of inflammatory response [pmid 12642050]; skeletal development [pmid 12153747] | .
NP_001704 | Q93088 | yes |  | [NAME]--homocysteine S-methyltransferase | [NAME] S-methyltransferase activity [pmid 10075673]; homocysteine S-methyltransferase activity [pmid 8798461]; metal ion binding; methyltransferase activity; transferase activity; zinc ion binding |  | protein amino acid methylation [pmid 10075673]; regulation of homocysteine metabolism [pmid 10075673] | .
NP_001986 | P33121 |  | yes | Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 1 | ligase activity; long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase activity [pmid 1531127]; magnesium ion binding | integral to membrane; membrane; peroxisome | digestion [pmid 1531127]; fatty acid metabolism; lipid metabolism; metabolism | .
NP_002017 | P02751 |  | yes | Fibronectin precursor | [NAME] binding [pmid 3024962]; extracellular matrix structural constituent; heparin binding [pmid 10075919]; oxidoreductase activity |  | acute-phase response; cell adhesion [pmid 1423622]; cell migration; metabolism; response to wounding [pmid 7989369]; transmembrane receptor [NAME] signaling pathway [pmid 15609325] | .
NP_002854 | P06737 |  | yes | Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form | glycogen phosphorylase activity [pmid 9529348]; nucleotide binding; phosphorylase activity; pyridoxal phosphate binding; transferase activity,transferring glycosyl groups |  | carbohydrate metabolism; glycogen metabolism | .
NP_002991 | P21912 | yes |  | Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein, mitochondrial precursor | 2 iron, 2 sulfur cluster binding; 3 iron, 4 sulfur cluster binding; 4 iron, 4 sulfur cluster binding; electron carrier activity; iron ion binding; metal ion binding; succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity | membrane; mitochondrion [pmid 2302193] | electron transport; transport; tricarboxylic acid cycle [pmid 2302193] | .
NP_003118 | Q13813 |  | yes | Spectrin alpha chain, brain | [NAME] binding [pmid 2307671]; calcium ion binding; calmodulin binding; structural constituent of cytoskeleton [pmid 2307671] | cytoskeleton; membrane; membrane fraction [pmid 2307671]; spectrin | barbed-end actin filament capping | .
NP_004083 | P30084 |  | yes | Enoyl-CoA hydratase, mitochondrial precursor | enoyl-CoA hydratase activity [pmid 9073515]; lyase activity | mitochondrion [pmid 16130169] | fatty acid beta-oxidation [pmid 9073515]; fatty acid metabolism; generation of precursor metabolites and energy; lipid metabolism; metabolism | .
NP_004125 | P38646 | yes |  | [NAME], mitochondrial precursor | ATP binding; nucleotide binding; unfolded protein binding [pmid 16130169] | cell surface [pmid 12493773]; cytoplasm [pmid 7684501]; mitochondrion [pmid 16130169] | anti-apoptosis [pmid 16130169]; protein folding | .
NP_004160 | P34896 | yes | yes | Serine hydroxymethyltransferase, cytosolic | glycine hydroxymethyltransferase activity; transferase activity | cytosol [pmid 8505317] | glycine metabolism; L-serine catabolism; L-serine metabolism; one-carbon compound metabolism | .
NP_004896 | P30041 |  | yes | Peroxiredoxin-6 | hydrolase activity; oxidoreductase activity; peroxiredoxin activity; phospholipase A2 activity [pmid 10893423] | cytosol [pmid 9497358]; lysosome | lipid catabolism; phospholipid catabolism [pmid 10893423]; response to oxidative stress [pmid 10893423] | .
NP_005132 | P02675 |  | yes | Fibrinogen beta chain precursor |  | extracellular region [pmid 14718574]; fibrinogen complex [pmid 6688356]; soluble fraction [pmid 6688356] | blood coagulation; blood pressure regulation; positive regulation of cell proliferation | .
NP_005134 | P00738 |  | yes | Haptoglobin precursor | [NAME]; serine-type endopeptidase activity | extracellular region [pmid 14718574] | defense response [pmid 7036344]; iron ion homeostasis; proteolysis | .
NP_005262 | P00367 |  | yes | Glutamate dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial precursor | ATP binding; glutamate dehydrogenase activity [pmid 15578726]; glutamate dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity; GTP binding; nucleotide binding; oxidoreductase activity | mitochondrion [pmid 15578726] | mitochondrion [pmid 15578726] | .
NP_005827 | [NAME] | yes | yes | Ribonuclease UK114 | endonuclease activity; hydrolase activity | cytoplasm [pmid 8530410]; nucleus [pmid 8530410] | regulation of translational termination [pmid 8530410] | .
NP_005908 | P40925 |  | yes | Malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic | L-lactate dehydrogenase activity; L-malate dehydrogenase activity; malic enzyme activity [pmid 8786100]; oxidoreductase activity | cytosol [pmid 8786100] | glycolysis; malate metabolism; tricarboxylic acid cycle | .
NP_005909 | P40926 |  | yes | Malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial precursor | L-lactate dehydrogenase activity; L-malate dehydrogenase activity; oxidoreductase activity | mitochondrial matrix; mitochondrion | glycolysis; malate metabolism; tricarboxylic acid cycle | .
NP_006648 | O95954 | yes |  | Formimidoyltransferase-cyclodeaminase | folic acid binding;formimidoyltetrahydrofolate cyclodeaminase activity; glutamate formimidoyltransferase activity; lyase activity; transferase activity | cytoplasm [pmid 10029623] | folic acid and derivative metabolism [pmid 10029623]; histidine metabolism; metabolism | .
NP_036322 | O75891 | yes | yes | 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase | cofactor binding; formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase activity; hydroxymethyl-, formyl- and related transferase activity; methyltransferase activity; oxidoreductase activity | cytoplasm | 10-formyltetrahydrofolate catabolism [pmid 10204077]; biosynthesis; one-carbon compound metabolism; protein biosynthesis | .
NP_054752 | P38892 |  | yes | Hypothetical 33.8 kDa protein in TWT1-FLO5 intergenic region | methyltransferase activity; transferase activity |  |  | .
NP_057370 | Q7Z4W1 | yes | yes | L-xylulose reductase | L-xylulose reductase activity; oxidoreductase activity | membrane | carbohydrate metabolism; D-xylose metabolism; glucose metabolism; metabolism | .
NP_066953 | P62941 |  | yes | Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A | isomerase activity; peptide binding; peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity; unfolded protein binding [pmid 2644542]; virion binding [pmid 11250896] |  | protein folding [pmid 2179953] [pmid 2644542]; regulation of viral genome replication [pmid 7590732] [pmid 11250896] | .
a Genes with significant mRNA expression difference
b  Genes with significant protein expression difference
* mRNA expression levels were calculated using robust multi-array average (RMA) function incorporated in the Bioconductor "affy" package (http://www.bioconductor.org/)
** Protein expression levels were calculated as a base-two logarithm transformed ratio of the common reference expression level to the expression level of the sample