Spreadsheet: ee765b0a-573f-41cc-bcd2-77c2211f03fb
Sheet: Sheet1

Data Source | World Development Indicators | Unnamed: 2 | Unnamed: 3 | Unnamed: 4 | Unnamed: 5 | Unnamed: 6 | Unnamed: 7 | Unnamed: 8 | Unnamed: 9 | Unnamed: 10 | Unnamed: 11 | Unnamed: 12 | Unnamed: 13 | Unnamed: 14 | Unnamed: 15 | Unnamed: 16 | Unnamed: 17 | Unnamed: 18 | Unnamed: 19 | Unnamed: 20 | Unnamed: 21 | Unnamed: 22 | Unnamed: 23 | Unnamed: 24 | Unnamed: 25 | Unnamed: 26 | Unnamed: 27 | Unnamed: 28 | Unnamed: 29 | Unnamed: 30 | Unnamed: 31 | Unnamed: 32 | Unnamed: 33 | Unnamed: 34 | Unnamed: 35 | Unnamed: 36 | Unnamed: 37 | Unnamed: 38 | Unnamed: 39 | Unnamed: 40 | Unnamed: 41 | Unnamed: 42 | Unnamed: 43 | Unnamed: 44 | Unnamed: 45 | Unnamed: 46 | Unnamed: 47 | Unnamed: 48 | Unnamed: 49 | Unnamed: 50 | Unnamed: 51 | Unnamed: 52 | Unnamed: 53 | Unnamed: 54 | Unnamed: 55 | Unnamed: 56 | Unnamed: 57
Country Name | Country Code | Indicator Name | Indicator Code | 1960 | 1961 | 1962 | 1963 | 1964 | 1965 | 1966 | 1967 | 1968 | 1969 | 1970 | 1971 | 1972 | 1973 | 1974 | 1975 | 1976 | 1977 | 1978 | 1979 | 1980 | 1981 | 1982 | 1983 | 1984 | 1985 | 1986 | 1987 | 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013
Aruba | ABW | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Andorra | AND | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Afghanistan | AFG | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Angola | AGO | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Albania | ALB | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.08735 | 0.15308
Arab World | ARB | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
United Arab Emirates | ARE | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.47329
Argentina | ARG | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.41749 | 0.41959 | 0.41131 | 0.45337 | 0.43884 | 0.42461 | 0.38886 | 0.41013 | 0.43756 | 0.46077 | 0.49462 | 0.50793 | 0.52381 | 0.5951 | 0.61745
Armenia | ARM | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.18692 | 0.22601 | 0.214 | 0.18463 | 0.27987 | 0.25255 | 0.23971 | 0.21201 | 0.25761 | 0.24057 | 0.21107 | 0.22438 | 0.29093 | 0.23853 | 0.26736
American Samoa | ASM | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
[NAME] and [NAME] | ATG | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Australia | AUS | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.65987 |  | 1.51324 |  | 1.57349 |  | 1.75 |  | 1.85791 |  | 2.1891 |  | 2.40649 |  | 2.38365
Austria | AUT | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.59811 | 1.69444 | 1.77157 | 1.88782 | 1.93246 | 2.05092 | 2.12412 | 2.24092 | 2.23663 | 2.4587 | 2.43928 | 2.50632 | 2.66957 | 2.70857 | 2.78775 | 2.74793
Azerbaijan | AZE | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.23533 | 0.3695 | 0.42124 | 0.39289 | 0.336 | 0.34001 | 0.30155 | 0.32496 | 0.29831 | 0.21994 | 0.17165 | 0.17006 | 0.16554 | 0.24976 | 0.21848 | 0.21932
Burundi | BDI | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.20629 | 0.15332 | 0.13834 | 0.13755 | 0.1228
Belgium | BEL | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.7645 | 1.83103 | 1.85932 | 1.93301 | 1.96558 | 2.06825 | 1.93609 | 1.87482 | 1.85508 | 1.82957 | 1.85884 | 1.89299 | 1.96686 | 2.02604 | 2.00497 | 2.04315
Benin | [NAME] | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
[NAME] | BFA | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.15834 | 0.18104 |  |  |  | 0.19057 | 0.33866 | 0.27119 | 0.24197 | 0.17057 |  | 0.11088 | 0.18676 | 0.20056
Bangladesh | BGD | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Bulgaria | BGR | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.57846 | 0.52394 | 0.55497 | 0.55308 | 0.50829 | 0.45724 | 0.47705 | 0.48311 | 0.48715 | 0.45762 | 0.45775 | 0.45368 | 0.47024 | 0.52847 | 0.59794 | 0.57074
Bahrain | BHR | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Bahamas, The | BHS | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Bosnia and Herzegovina | BIH | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.01854 | 0.01611 | 0.02765 | 0.02043 | 0.02603 | 0.01898 | 0.02171
Belarus | BLR | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.99852 | 0.73 | 0.70578 | 0.84523 | 0.7221 | 0.70876 | 0.6209 | 0.61147 | 0.62759 | 0.67852 | 0.66065 | 0.96203 | 0.74147 | 0.64269 | 0.6935 | 0.75903
Belize | BLZ | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Bermuda | BMU | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.05885 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.20526 | 0.2095 | 0.22217 | 0.22205 | 0.24277
Bolivia | BOL | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.32544 | 0.31577 | 0.29495 | 0.29836 | 0.28744 | 0.29358 | 0.27663 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.157
Brazil | BRA | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.01825 | 1.0429 | 0.98472 | 0.95792 | 0.89952 | 0.97132 | 1.00801 | 1.09514 | 1.11431 | 1.16614 | 1.16042
Barbados | BRB | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
[NAME] | BRN | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.01592 | 0.01842 | 0.03701
Bhutan | BTN | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Botswana | BWA | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.51601
Sub-Saharan Africa (IFC classification) | CAA | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Central African Republic | CAF | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Canada | CAN | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.65093 | 1.65803 | 1.7583 | 1.79522 | 1.90939 | 2.08773 | 2.04145 | 2.03524 | 2.06669 | 2.03975 | 2.00489 | 1.9634 | 1.91784 | 1.93985 | 1.84955 | 1.74261
East Asia and the Pacific (IFC classification) | CEA | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Europe and Central Asia (IFC classification) | CEU | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Switzerland | CHE | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2.59029 |  |  |  | 2.46875 |  |  |  | 2.8151 |  |  |  | 2.87046
Channel Islands | CHI | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Chile | CHL | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.31089 | 0.37499 | 0.40807 | 0.41962
China | CHN | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.56828 | 0.64473 | 0.65297 | 0.75705 | 0.90276 | 0.95069 | 1.07003 | 1.13356 | 1.22989 | 1.32476 | 1.3883 | 1.39582 | 1.46986 | 1.70198 | 1.75899 | 1.83704
Cote d'Ivoire | CIV | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Latin America and the Caribbean (IFC classification) | CLA | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Middle East and North Africa (IFC classification) | CME | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Cameroon | CMR | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Congo, Rep. | COG | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Colombia | COL | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.29923 | 0.27366 |  |  | 0.10603 | 0.10945 | 0.11597 | 0.14056 | 0.1425 | 0.14346 | 0.14165 | 0.17044 | 0.18178 | 0.19453 | 0.19377 | 0.18195
Comoros | COM | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Cabo Verde | CPV | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Costa Rica | CRI | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.298 | 0.29075 | 0.25751 | 0.33172 | 0.38728 |  |  | 0.35682 | 0.37318 |  | 0.43047 | 0.36417 | 0.3984 | 0.54117 | 0.48369 | 0.47829
South Asia (IFC classification) | CSA | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Caribbean small states | CSS | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Cuba | CUB | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.34736 | 0.40172 | 0.50123 | 0.45831 | 0.47865 | 0.56528 | 0.56445 | 0.58243 | 0.60231 | 0.5492 | 0.44139 | 0.43615 | 0.50061 | 0.61289 | 0.60869
[NAME] | CUW | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Cayman Islands | CYM | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Cyprus | CYP | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.2181 | 0.23416 | 0.24324 | 0.25453 | 0.30253 | 0.34769 | 0.36755 | 0.40437 | 0.42502 | 0.4412 | 0.42439 | 0.48972 | 0.49355 | 0.48531
Czech Republic | CZE | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.92328 | 1.03333 | 1.1091 | 1.10035 | 1.16699 | 1.15729 | 1.151 | 1.1996 | 1.19771 | 1.35422 | 1.48841 | 1.48212 | 1.40599 | 1.47246 | 1.55368 | 1.84036
Germany | DEU | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2.19565 | 2.24087 | 2.27838 | 2.4093 | 2.47223 | 2.47405 | 2.50276 | 2.53963 | 2.50339 | 2.5058 | 2.54026 | 2.53169 | 2.68945 | 2.82227 | 2.80217 | 2.8424
Djibouti | DJI | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Dominica | DMA | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Denmark | DNK | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.83798 | 1.92353 | 2.04476 | 2.17682 |  | 2.38718 | 2.5082 | 2.57549 | 2.48487 | 2.45645 | 2.47752 | 2.58008 | 2.8499 | 3.16039 | 3.069 | 3.0929
Dominican Republic | DOM | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Algeria | DZA | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.22846 | 0.36452 | 0.19578 | 0.16417 | 0.0666
East Asia & Pacific (developing only) | EAP | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.465489839967517 | 0.5700437515288865 | 0.635621585424955 | 0.7056656279738649 | 0.7388521604877251 | 0.8100842278552848 | 0.924370896544381 | 1.021233660454071 | 1.122786789285795 | 1.198725958099687 | 1.269564544876958 | 1.270276835560269 | 1.435444327399798 | 1.468282074350006 | 1.72995237385694 | 1.806101044360876
East Asia & Pacific (all income levels) | EAS | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2.273964426542769 | 2.34783742464675 | 2.316137043269302 | 2.399365465752334 | 2.325157068509463 | 2.379542166182097 | 2.338320372506288 | 2.431639164079472 | 2.4111419065887 | 2.512554953722955 | 2.500381686989135 | 2.452230589036979 | 2.495590267771966 | 2.373777594541439 | 2.497815383946308
Europe & Central Asia (developing only) | ECA | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.5415748730396783 | 0.623540226960357 | 0.4975853915454339 | 0.5424499571242176 | 0.5337487162033382 | 0.5890725984968198 | 0.6026472137840121 | 0.5663275379635992 | 0.5646661705511286 | 0.6205651880731176 | 0.5979407046922701 | 0.6550356368161117 | 0.6494215941556674 | 0.7243624329148532 | 0.7138324259304638
Europe & Central Asia (all income levels) | ECS | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.727310681007278 | 1.707668002815971 | 1.677214827232814 | 1.772366865116674 | 1.753659502586081 | 1.798164430892896 | 1.769357270270886 | 1.792247291462249 | 1.768689346019361 | 1.72093299010768 | 1.729005138401515 | 1.727435419486323 | 1.812403935378201 | 1.911824538189537 | 1.86924399457667 | 1.909439456994066
Ecuador | ECU | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.0878 | 0.07459 | 0.07838 |  |  | 0.05929 | 0.06392 | 0.06547 |  |  | 0.14435 | 0.1479 | 0.25953
Egypt, Arab Rep. | EGY | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.2126 | 0.19756 | 0.1991 | 0.18651 | 0.19247 |  |  |  | 0.26994 | 0.24141 | 0.25903 | 0.2551 | 0.27024 | 0.23911 | 0.39781 | 0.43027
Euro area | EMU | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.791670450497731 | 1.767514512793278 | 1.799086143714968 | 1.825717932893391 | 1.868776289311523 | 1.861379481840057 | 1.903170672188019 | 1.868623302484827 | 1.847793230378507 | 1.842699389650629 | 1.867000423713158 | 1.876276350549094 | 1.998354137440566 | 2.10251681965414 | 2.100670124119271 | 2.126541468458423
Eritrea | ERI | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Spain | ESP | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.81304 | 0.80149 | 0.87397 | 0.86135 | 0.90791 | 0.91522 | 0.98642 | 1.04881 | 1.06333 | 1.1214 | 1.19885 | 1.26689 | 1.35149 | 1.3913 | 1.39086 | 1.33392
Estonia | EST | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.57266 | 0.6832 | 0.60115 | 0.70001 | 0.71627 | 0.76689 | 0.85389 | 0.9303 | 1.12757 | 1.08061 | 1.28141 | 1.43436 | 1.62511 | 2.37641
Ethiopia | ETH | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.18054 |  | 0.17221 |  |  | 0.24322
European Union | EUU | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.758786608263289 | 1.778244604447221 | 1.751420628436738 | 1.836910151715144 | 1.806864562663014 | 1.866251561233196 | 1.83671875714418 | 1.861794870326574 | 1.825477471447641 | 1.819435586468875 | 1.843037980489042 | 1.843463880499986 | 1.940418590166482 | 2.040160415687565 | 2.027642336576598 | 2.049071961090344
Finland | FIN | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2.52559 | 2.70524 | 2.87617 | 3.171 | 3.34552 | 3.31616 | 3.36269 | 3.43914 | 3.45016 | 3.47693 | 3.47552 | 3.47143 | 3.7007 | 3.93834 | 3.89903 | 3.78295
Fiji | FJI | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
France | FRA | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2.2693 | 2.1944 | 2.14358 | 2.16008 | 2.15015 | 2.19901 | 2.23778 | 2.17703 | 2.15591 | 2.10865 | 2.10801 | 2.08306 | 2.12427 | 2.27149 | 2.23959 | 2.24992
Faeroe Islands | FRO | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.86117
Micronesia, Fed. [NAME]. | FSM | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Gabon | GAB | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.44757 | 0.54513 | 0.63843
United Kingdom | GBR | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.83389 | 1.75395 | 1.75078 | 1.82132 | 1.81668 | 1.79303 | 1.79935 | 1.75067 | 1.68751 | 1.71704 | 1.74046 | 1.77017 | 1.77949 | 1.84494 | 1.79753 | 1.77415
Georgia | GEO | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.33088 | 0.3424 | 0.35384 | 0.28769 | 0.2153 | 0.23848 | 0.18574 | 0.2176 | 0.2442 | 0.17658
Ghana | GHA | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.23157
Guinea | GIN | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Gambia, The | GMB | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.02039 | 0.01748 |  | 0.13309
Guinea-Bissau | GNB | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Equatorial Guinea | GNQ | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Greece | GRC | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.4562 |  | 0.60814 |  | 0.58684 |  | 0.57225 | 0.55641 | 0.59753 | 0.58604 | 0.60118
Grenada | GRD | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Greenland | GRL | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.52741 | 0.55628 | 0.55517 | 0.71581
Guatemala | GTM | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.035 | 0.0493 | 0.06674 | 0.06188 | 0.0553 | 0.0435
Guam | GUM | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Guyana | GUY | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
High income | HIC | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2.234258356513287 | 2.259673859965791 | 2.268169038508155 | 2.343125277678866 | 2.402607145175711 | 2.43243070172257 | 2.365002173817212 | 2.333393545063547 | 2.277099376802626 | 2.300384365169728 | 2.325553166947217 | 2.321293739489468 | 2.404045376283337 | 2.492008842468899 | 2.474738192516373 | 2.280603297871261
Hong Kong SAR, China | HKG | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.4283 | 0.45767 | 0.46493 | 0.53645 | 0.58147 | 0.68027 | 0.72176 | 0.77343 | 0.79468 | 0.75161 | 0.71996 | 0.77342 | 0.74887
Honduras | HND | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.04453 | 0.03834 | 0.04181 | 0.04215 | 0.04155
Heavily indebted poor countries (HIPC) | HPC | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Croatia | HRV | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.85166 | 1.05654 | 0.92589 | 0.96075 | 0.96492 | 1.04515 | 0.86694 | 0.74872 | 0.80221 | 0.89513 | 0.85014 | 0.74711 | 0.74929
Haiti | HTI | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Hungary | HUN | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.64026 | 0.71042 | 0.66745 | 0.68325 | 0.80516 | 0.93092 | 1.00161 | 0.93805 | 0.87842 | 0.9436 | 1.00505 | 0.98309 | 1.00351 | 1.16755 | 1.15977 | 1.19533
Indonesia | IDN | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.06769 | 0.04756 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.08332
Isle of Man | IMN | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
India | IND | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.62804 | 0.67485 | 0.69166 | 0.71552 | 0.74695 | 0.72554 | 0.71476 | 0.70779 | 0.74385 | 0.77914 | 0.76703 | 0.75751
Not classified | INX | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Ireland | IRL | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.30262 | 1.26883 | 1.23657 | 1.18054 | 1.11087 | 1.08727 | 1.09322 | 1.161 | 1.22237 | 1.24188 | 1.24337 | 1.28161 | 1.45368 | 1.76711 | 1.71323 | 1.75226
Iran, Islamic Rep. | IRN | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.55195 | 0.54754 | 0.67451 | 0.58742 | 0.73454 | 0.66814 |  | 0.78821
Iraq | IRQ | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.07099 | 0.05225 | 0.0793 | 0.06292 | 0.05596
Iceland | ISL | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.83361 | 2.00087 | 2.29628 | 2.66912 | 2.95168 | 2.95144 | 2.81881 |  | 2.77293 | 2.99208 | 2.68474 | 2.64604
Israel | ISR | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2.71121 | 2.96835 | 3.08146 | 3.51993 | 4.26618 | 4.55063 | 4.56191 | 4.28249 | 4.28832 | 4.41792 | 4.49913 | 4.83528 | 4.77152 | 4.49093 | 4.34654 | 4.39043
Italy | ITA | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.98032 | 1.02331 | 1.04218 | 1.01624 | 1.03984 | 1.08081 | 1.12142 | 1.10064 | 1.09127 | 1.08598 | 1.12732 | 1.17304 | 1.20577 | 1.264 | 1.26361 | 1.25062
Jamaica | JAM | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.04959 | 0.06096
Jordan | JOR | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.33682 |  |  |  |  |  | 0.4347
Japan | JPN | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2.76501 | 2.82761 | 2.9602 | 2.97734 | 3.00169 | 3.07448 | 3.11562 | 3.14388 | 3.1332 | 3.3087 | 3.4091 | 3.46142 | 3.46706 | 3.35734 | 3.25806
Kazakhstan | KAZ | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.29337 | 0.22039 | 0.18383 | 0.18104 | 0.22009 | 0.25509 | 0.25246 | 0.24837 | 0.28361 | 0.24281 | 0.20884 | 0.21654 | 0.22924 | 0.15341 | 0.15723
Kenya | [NAME] | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.41679
Kyrgyz Republic | KGZ | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.1939 | 0.21064 | 0.17992 | 0.15637 | 0.17189 | 0.1981 | 0.22272 | 0.19926 | 0.19861 | 0.23014 | 0.23425 | 0.19017 | 0.15997 | 0.15547 | 0.15633
Cambodia | KHM | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.0498
Kiribati | KIR | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
St. Kitts and Nevis | KNA | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Korea, Rep. | KOR | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2.42491 | 2.48115 | 2.34178 | 2.25151 | 2.2957 | 2.47316 | 2.40446 | 2.48577 | 2.68298 | 2.79176 | 3.00918 | 3.21035 | 3.3609 | 3.56124 | 3.73781
Kosovo | KSV | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Kuwait | KWT | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.20539 | 0.25795 | 0.19764 | 0.12543 | 0.17882 | 0.18001 | 0.14347 | 0.1301 | 0.10083 | 0.08478 | 0.08585 | 0.0855 | 0.1122 | 0.09413 | 0.08634
Latin America & Caribbean (developing only) | LAC | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.5863949391817553 | 0.5666178409854766 | 0.5605655621965892 | 0.551265939414998 | 0.554682003766195 | 0.6201852662513373 | 0.6294527414467286 | 0.6807527738966416 | 0.7193611142921895 | 0.792808709640425 | 0.8263228717600022
Lao PDR | LAO | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.0371
Lebanon | LBN | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Liberia | LBR | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Libya | LBY | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
St. Lucia | LCA | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.76588 | 0.3644
Latin America & Caribbean (all income levels) | LCN | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.5798161349307177 | 0.564437815371195 | 0.5555401634295496 | 0.5483451713095135 | 0.5516669904831195 | 0.6163234075705779 | 0.6234319767187041 | 0.6552293857879057 | 0.6952545210282031 | 0.7591747683061689 | 0.7982864610064142
Least developed countries: UN classification | LDC | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Low income | LIC | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
[NAME] | LIE | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
[NAME] | LKA | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.18356 |  |  |  | 0.14392 |  |  |  | 0.1821 |  | 0.1742 |  | 0.11444 |  | 0.15664
Lower middle income | LMC | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.4886362515020952 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.608671821620723
Low & middle income | LMY | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.631619892550833 | 0.6605523747047793 | 0.7096123010840435 | 0.7448538270991677 | 0.7810786637545991 | 0.8331443263932462 | 0.8773332612862121 | 0.8868877172252321 | 1.001023805391229 | 1.11699124874776
[NAME] | LSO | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.04943 | 0.05131 | 0.06773 |  |  |  |  | 0.0296 |  | 0.01335
Lithuania | LTU | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.48914 | 0.53615 | 0.54312 | 0.50208 | 0.59018 | 0.67192 | 0.66199 | 0.6703 | 0.75393 | 0.75215 | 0.79451 | 0.81393 | 0.79842 | 0.84304 | 0.80127 | 0.9191
Luxembourg | LUX | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.65421 |  |  | 1.64898 | 1.63129 | 1.55933 | 1.66155 | 1.57773 | 1.65581 | 1.72173 | 1.4825 | 1.42594
Latvia | LVA | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.42456 | 0.38985 | 0.41072 | 0.36366 | 0.44182 | 0.40499 | 0.41905 | 0.37808 | 0.41792 | 0.55865 | 0.69999 | 0.59493 | 0.61464 | 0.45785 | 0.60459 | 0.70193
Macao SAR, China | MAC | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.06554 | 0.07318 | 0.06496 | 0.05545 | 0.09034 | 0.08464 | 0.05803 | 0.10252 | 0.05954 | 0.05188 | 0.0442
St. Martin (French part) | MAF | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Morocco | MAR | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.2856 |  |  | 0.63473 | 0.54955 | 0.65909 |  |  | 0.63568 |  |  |  | 0.73354
Monaco | MCO | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.03719 | 0.03752
Moldova | MDA | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.87295 | 0.80679 |  |  |  |  |  | 0.32405 | 0.34903 | 0.39865 | 0.40622 | 0.54558 | 0.53463 | 0.52557 | 0.43987 | 0.40585
Madagascar | MDG | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.22032 | 0.11044 | 0.096 | 0.11976 | 0.21821 | 0.24552 | 0.33841 | 0.22353 | 0.17555 | 0.16373 | 0.14037 | 0.1343 | 0.1479 | 0.11187 | 0.10567
Maldives | MDV | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Middle East & North Africa (all income levels) | MEA | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Mexico | MEX | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.30945 | 0.34426 | 0.37744 | 0.42922 | 0.37273 | 0.39433 | 0.43617 | 0.39614 | 0.39964 | 0.41183 | 0.37818 | 0.37106 | 0.40634 | 0.43812 | 0.47731 | 0.45645
Marshall Islands | MHL | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Middle income | MIC | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.6321970341405745 | 0.6615431144530466 | 0.7118497222280453 | 0.746642139351528 | 0.7833780238172078 | 0.8371119540265166 | 0.8800530266605058 | 0.8933695289138297 | 1.006983805399344 | 1.122382384959991 | 1.25027421670571
Macedonia, FYR | MKD | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.37773 | 0.4296 | 0.3451 | 0.44059 | 0.31635 | 0.25926 | 0.21906 | 0.23947 | 0.23861 | 0.20268 | 0.17463 | 0.2253
[NAME] | MLI | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.24911
Malta | MLT | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.26036 | 0.25267 | 0.52912 | 0.5657 | 0.61592 | 0.57891 | 0.55969 | 0.54476 | 0.68136 | 0.74067
Myanmar | MMR | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.05985 | 0.03417 | 0.04406 | 0.11306 | 0.07144 | 0.16216
Middle East & North Africa (developing only) | MNA | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Montenegro | MNE | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.79774 | 1.01872 | 0.92443 | 1.24177 | 1.14891 |  |  |  | 0.40864
Mongolia | MNG | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.16786 | 0.16643 | 0.15016 | 0.18757 | 0.26749 | 0.25173 | 0.2518 | 0.26777 | 0.23776 | 0.19121 | 0.23827 | 0.33667 | 0.30478 | 0.28335 | 0.27392
Northern Mariana Islands | MNP | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Mozambique | MOZ | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.50421 |  |  |  | 0.53299 |  | 0.17774 |  | 0.46587
Mauritania | MRT | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
[NAME] | MUS | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.27899 | 0.26178 | 0.31388 | 0.28903 | 0.36873 | 0.37377 | 0.33806 | 0.37932 | 0.37229
[NAME] | MWI | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Malaysia | MYS | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.21645 |  | 0.39789 |  | 0.46899 |  | 0.65254 |  | 0.5999 |  | 0.61106 |  | 0.78847 | 1.01 | 1.07049 | 1.06936
North America | NAC | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2.488338571565543 | 2.512167642887011 | 2.542955027384385 | 2.585925069540993 | 2.656019278327132 | 2.678989282464487 | 2.580203165534292 | 2.572351914897896 | 2.509538982746004 | 2.549966963855249 | 2.598902898289108 | 2.653477599348463 | 2.76912650663644 | 2.830831308110472 | 2.739307020984947 | 2.663322713229089
Namibia | NAM | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
New Caledonia | NCL | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
[NAME] | NER | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Nigeria | NGA | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.21966
Nicaragua | NIC | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.0651 |  |  |  |  | 0.03493
Netherlands | NLD | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.98411 | 1.98928 | 1.89505 | 1.97984 | 1.93559 | 1.93308 | 1.88021 | 1.91804 | 1.92779 | 1.90336 | 1.88351 | 1.80876 | 1.76658 | 1.81566 | 1.85005 | 2.04189
High income: nonOECD | NOC | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.8210826594773266 | 0.8282200258506938 | 0.8876402373826668 | 0.8650873588606057 | 0.9584063564040628
Norway | NOR | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.62505 |  | 1.63804 |  | 1.59047 | 1.66024 | 1.70929 | 1.57077 | 1.50591 | 1.47902 | 1.59424 | 1.58313 | 1.77733 | 1.69462 | 1.66153
Nepal | NPL | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.05439 | 0.25924 | 0.30198
New Zealand | NZL | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.0752 |  | 0.98165 |  | 1.12108 |  | 1.16896 |  | 1.13693 |  | 1.18567 |  | 1.30137
High income: OECD | OEC | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2.262148981006428 | 2.291436089762517 | 2.306477844989003 | 2.377301973429037 | 2.441785283567925 | 2.470772352801637 | 2.403065045928026 | 2.386363687466296 | 2.334048442187879 | 2.371473157779752 | 2.407667566520233 | 2.411370669295254 | 2.514145496980545 | 2.59246108579937 | 2.554934575118061 | 2.386348728715709
OECD members | OED | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2.213221021677001 | 2.234375396276422 | 2.240486712535406 | 2.310424544352009 | 2.363451599982104 | 2.39386176953143 | 2.328295624775577 | 2.3154350713985 | 2.265134221964809 | 2.294079869435746 | 2.325692204573976 | 2.32722830151457 | 2.426224192554761 | 2.512378513322354 | 2.469971490639228 | 2.319998056705577
Oman | OMN | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.12915
Other small states | OSS | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Pakistan | PAK | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.15565 | 0.10919 | 0.1159 | 0.12828 | 0.1667 | 0.21977 |  |  | 0.43689 |  | 0.67383 |  | 0.46481 |  | 0.33362
Panama | PAN | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.32834 | 0.31671 | 0.28506 | 0.28805 | 0.38398 | 0.38196 | 0.36233 | 0.33998 | 0.23979 | 0.24546 | 0.24917 | 0.19552 | 0.20851 | 0.20723 | 0.19382
Peru | PER | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.08221 | 0.09848 | 0.09591 | 0.1093 | 0.10704 | 0.10244 | 0.10353 | 0.14925
Philippines | PHL | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.13744 | 0.12994 |  | 0.11143 |  | 0.10963
Palau | PLW | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
[NAME] | PNG | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Poland | POL | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.65368 | 0.65217 | 0.66651 | 0.68959 | 0.64431 | 0.62317 | 0.55925 | 0.54061 | 0.55761 | 0.56692 | 0.55591 | 0.56708 | 0.6042 | 0.67465 | 0.7354 | 0.76651
Puerto Rico | PRI | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.49028
Korea, Dem. Rep. | PRK | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Portugal | PRT | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.55619 | 0.57035 | 0.63039 | 0.68662 | 0.72778 | 0.77223 | 0.73204 | 0.71065 | 0.74364 | 0.77858 | 0.98655 | 1.1651 | 1.5031 | 1.64044 | 1.59181 | 1.49606
Paraguay | PRY | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.08829 | 0.1059 | 0.085 | 0.084 | 0.08751 |  |  | 0.05996 |  |  | 0.05983
Pacific island small states | PSS | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
French Polynesia | PYF | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Qatar | QAT | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Romania | [NAME] | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.70543 | 0.57922 | 0.49048 | 0.40236 | 0.36852 | 0.39338 | 0.3792 | 0.38573 | 0.38676 | 0.41071 | 0.45451 | 0.5275 | 0.57911 | 0.47031 | 0.46185 | 0.48169
Russian Federation | RUS | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.96593 | 1.04374 | 0.95384 | 0.99624 | 1.04984 | 1.17694 | 1.24782 | 1.28603 | 1.15133 | 1.06797 | 1.07294 | 1.11611 | 1.04435 | 1.25192 | 1.15861 | 1.11829
Rwanda | RWA | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
South Asia | SAS | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.613107690818886 | 0.608095867131025 | 0.6178720298827007 | 0.6442526047371647 | 0.6488712625091714 | 0.6541782865638005 | 0.6547354642027818 | 0.70779 | 0.728212137923884 | 0.7394277875723277 | 0.7498844708100691 | 0.7483433219173259
Saudi Arabia | SAU | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.06269 | 0.05493 | 0.04403 | 0.04486 | 0.04886 | 0.0535 | 0.08359
Sudan | SDN | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Senegal | SEN | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.36834
Singapore | SGP | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.33535 | 1.42744 | 1.75169 | 1.84635 | 1.85105 | 2.05725 | 2.09776 | 2.04845 | 2.13241 | 2.19493 | 2.16326 | 2.3686 | 2.83565 | 2.4277 | 2.09299
Solomon Islands | SLB | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Sierra Leone | SLE | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
El Salvador | SLV | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.08031 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.08935 | 0.11245 | 0.07744 | 0.0672
[NAME] | SMR | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Somalia | SOM | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Serbia | SRB | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.85162 | 0.90421 | 1.04111 | 0.96561 | 0.34591 | 0.72517 | 0.56506 | 0.32004 | 0.43366 | 0.48893 | 0.36239 | 0.38481 | 0.91939 | 0.76436 | 0.73462
Sub-Saharan Africa (developing only) | SSA | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.5774929963213037
South Sudan | SSD | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Sub-Saharan Africa (all income levels) | SSF | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.5774929963213036
Small states | SST | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Sao Tome and Principe | STP | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Suriname | SUR | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Slovak Republic | SVK | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.91051 | 1.07701 | 0.78051 | 0.65563 | 0.64797 | 0.63358 | 0.57114 | 0.57345 | 0.51193 | 0.50503 | 0.48662 | 0.45994 | 0.47344 | 0.48251 | 0.63332 | 0.67833
Slovenia | SVN | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.28599 | 1.26741 | 1.32899 | 1.36092 | 1.38087 | 1.49473 | 1.46527 | 1.26862 | 1.39364 | 1.43709 | 1.55811 | 1.44814 | 1.65493 | 1.8603 | 2.10624 | 2.50912
Sweden | SWE | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3.4675 |  | 3.58067 |  | 4.13 |  | 3.80267 | 3.57507 | 3.55914 | 3.68411 | 3.39717 | 3.69517 | 3.59715 | 3.39194 | 3.37156
Swaziland | SWZ | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | SXM | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Seychelles | SYC | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.42788 | 0.40674 | 0.41335 | 0.34658 | 0.30209
Syrian Arab Republic | SYR | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Turks and Caicos Islands | TCA | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Chad | TCD | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Togo | TGO | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Thailand | THA | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.11989 | 0.10166 |  | 0.25654 | 0.25202 | 0.2627 | 0.24404 | 0.26192 | 0.25535 | 0.23498 | 0.24919 | 0.21378 |  | 0.25056
Tajikistan | TJK | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.08953 | 0.07068 | 0.0689 | 0.06697 | 0.0957 | 0.10732 | 0.06778 | 0.06983 | 0.08579 | 0.08915 | 0.12149
Turkmenistan | TKM | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Timor-Leste | TLS | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Tonga | TON | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Trinidad and Tobago | TTO | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.10325 | 0.11553 | 0.12715 | 0.12292 | 0.12614 | 0.11762 | 0.12933 | 0.11325 | 0.11496 | 0.09396 | 0.05526 | 0.04589 | 0.03072 | 0.05525 | 0.05069
Tunisia | TUN | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.30473 | 0.38748 | 0.39029 | 0.39756 | 0.4145 | 0.48194 | 0.57141 | 0.66152 | 0.90117 | 0.9171 | 0.95506 | 1.00472 | 1.0341 | 1.10218
Turkey | TUR | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.45159 | 0.49169 | 0.37095 | 0.46767 | 0.47909 | 0.53779 | 0.52594 | 0.48311 | 0.51831 | 0.59104 | 0.58016 | 0.72241 | 0.72518 | 0.84902 | 0.84343
Tuvalu | TUV | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Tanzania | TZA | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.43442
Uganda | UGA | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.36756 | 0.25612 | 0.26056 | 0.21514 | 0.30033 | 0.38821 | 0.32631 | 0.41158
Ukraine | UKR | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.1923 | 1.06993 | 0.96968 | 0.96213 | 1.02329 | 0.9982 | 1.11179 | 1.08152 | 1.16896 | 0.94908 | 0.85319 | 0.84644 | 0.85644 | 0.83098 | 0.72849
Upper middle income | UMC | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.5646260742605088 | 0.6666853980031762 | 0.6883978907682243 | 0.7421734486396724 | 0.7650205776822308 | 0.7996864059976496 | 0.8762233995383302 | 0.9129716691710466 | 0.9633004011252949 | 1.034704719915191 | 1.215959846203169 | 1.288057253794522
Uruguay | URY | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.26501 | 0.34994 | 0.19186 | 0.22417 | 0.20925 |  | 0.23818 |  |  |  | 0.35919 | 0.39948 | 0.36265 | 0.43879 | 0.40376
United States | USA | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2.55179 | 2.57626 | 2.5962 | 2.64002 | 2.70862 | 2.7188 | 2.61625 | 2.61275 | 2.54533 | 2.59414 | 2.65371 | 2.72234 | 2.85709 | 2.91454 | 2.83408 | 2.76956
Uzbekistan | UZB | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
St. Vincent and the Grenadines | VCT | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.04296 | 0.12008
Venezuela, RB | VEN | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Virgin Islands (U.S.) | VIR | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Vietnam | VNM | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.19276
[NAME] | VUT | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
West Bank and Gaza | PSE | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
World | WLD | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2.049527608253787 | 2.045194636384232 | 2.0602208517657 | 2.137996507101013 | 2.133987130842045 | 2.154361886813398 | 2.112258958267988 | 2.096866289807112 | 2.046917825860319 | 2.047539334513472 | 2.061114306012525 | 2.02679226679789 | 2.124587724533418 | 2.188763979016754 | 2.200325355047463 | 2.084930516484915
Samoa | WSM | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Yemen, Rep. | YEM | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
South Africa | ZAF | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.59834 |  |  |  | 0.73412 |  | 0.79232 | 0.8486 | 0.9006 | 0.93473 | 0.92373 | 0.92999 | 0.87378
Congo, Dem. Rep. | COD | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.42348 | 0.09647 | 0.099 | 0.22746 | 0.13988 | 0.13019
Zambia | ZMB | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.01214 | 0.00811 |  |  |  |  | 0.00614 | 0.00957 | 0.02542 | 0.02894 |  |  | 0.34033
Zimbabwe | ZWE | Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS