The Cubs defeated the Indians when they won 4 games to 3 to win their first World Series since 1908 . Game 7 , an 8 -- 7 victory in extra innings , marked the fifth time that a Game 7 had gone past nine innings and the first since 1997 ( which , coincidentally , also featured the Indians ) . It was also the first to have a rain delay which occurred as the tenth inning was about to start . The Cubs became the sixth team to come back from a 3 - 1 deficit to win a best - of - seven World Series , following the 1925 Pittsburgh Pirates , the 1958 New York Yankees , the 1968 Detroit Tigers , the 1979 Pittsburgh Pirates , and the 1985 Kansas City Royals . This was the second time and the first since 1948 where the World Series score was even .


Helminths may cause iron - deficiency anemia . This is most severe in heavy hookworm infections , as Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale feed directly on the blood of their hosts . Although the daily consumption of an individual worm ( 0.02 -- 0.07 ml and 0.14 -- 0.26 ml respectively ) is small , the collective consumption under heavy infection can be clinically significantly . Intestinal whipworm may also cause anemia . Anemia has also been associated with reduced stamina for physical labor , a decline in the ability to learn new information , and apathy , irritability , and fatigue . A study of the effect of deworming and iron supplementation in 47 students from the Democratic Republic of the Congo found that the intervention improved cognitive function . Another study found that in 159 Jamaican schoolchildren , deworming led to better auditory short - term memory and scanning and retrieval of long - term memory over a period of nine - weeks .


Wonder Woman , known from seasons 2 and 3 as The New Adventures of Wonder Woman , is an American television series based on the DC Comics comic book superhero of the same name . The show stars Lynda Carter as Wonder Woman / Diana Prince and Lyle Waggoner as Steve Trevor Sr. & Jr . It originally aired for three seasons from 1975 to 1979 . The show 's first season aired on ABC and is set in the 1940s during World War II . The second and third seasons aired on CBS and are set in the 1970s , with the title changed to The New Adventures of Wonder Woman , and a complete change of cast other than Carter and Waggoner . Waggoner 's character was changed to Steve Trevor Jr. , the son of his original character .


<Table> <Tr> <Th> No . overall </Th> <Th> No. in season </Th> <Th> Title </Th> <Th> Directed by </Th> <Th> Written by </Th> <Th> Original air date </Th> <Th> Prod . code </Th> <Th> U.S. viewers ( millions ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 91 </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> `` The Big House Pt. 1 '' </Td> <Td> Tristram Shapeero </Td> <Td> Luke Del Tredici </Td> <Td> September 26 , 2017 ( 2017 - 09 - 26 ) </Td> <Td> 501 </Td> <Td> 2.00 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 92 </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> `` The Big House Pt. 2 '' </Td> <Td> Michael McDonald </Td> <Td> Justin Noble </Td> <Td> October 3 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 03 ) </Td> <Td> 502 </Td> <Td> 1.74 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 93 </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> `` Kicks '' </Td> <Td> Eric Appel </Td> <Td> Andrew Guest </Td> <Td> October 10 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 10 ) </Td> <Td> 503 </Td> <Td> 1.68 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 94 </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> `` HalloVeen '' </Td> <Td> Jamie Babbit </Td> <Td> Dan Goor </Td> <Td> October 17 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 17 ) </Td> <Td> 504 </Td> <Td> 1.69 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 95 </Th> <Td> 5 </Td> <Td> `` Bad Beat '' </Td> <Td> Kat Coiro </Td> <Td> Carol Kolb </Td> <Td> November 7 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 07 ) </Td> <Td> 505 </Td> <Td> 1.50 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 96 </Th> <Td> 6 </Td> <Td> `` The Venue '' </Td> <Td> Cortney Carrillo </Td> <Td> Matt Lawton </Td> <Td> November 14 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 14 ) </Td> <Td> 506 </Td> <Td> 1.65 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 97 </Th> <Td> 7 </Td> <Td> `` Two Turkeys '' </Td> <Td> Alex Reid </Td> <Td> David Phillips </Td> <Td> November 21 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 21 ) </Td> <Td> 508 </Td> <Td> 1.66 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 98 </Th> <Td> 8 </Td> <Td> `` Return to Skyfire '' </Td> <Td> Linda Mendoza </Td> <Td> Neil Campbell </Td> <Td> November 28 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 28 ) </Td> <Td> 507 </Td> <Td> 1.73 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 99 </Th> <Td> 9 </Td> <Td> `` 99 '' </Td> <Td> Payman Benz </Td> <Td> Andy Bobrow </Td> <Td> December 5 , 2017 ( 2017 - 12 - 05 ) </Td> <Td> 509 </Td> <Td> 1.94 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 100 </Th> <Td> 10 </Td> <Td> `` Game Night '' </Td> <Td> Tristram Shapeero </Td> <Td> Justin Noble & Carly Hallam Tosh </Td> <Td> December 12 , 2017 ( 2017 - 12 - 12 ) </Td> <Td> 510 </Td> <Td> 1.81 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 101 </Th> <Td> 11 </Td> <Td> `` The Favor '' </Td> <Td> Victor Nelli Jr . </Td> <Td> Aeysha Carr </Td> <Td> December 12 , 2017 ( 2017 - 12 - 12 ) </Td> <Td> 511 </Td> <Td> 1.81 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 102 </Th> <Td> 12 </Td> <Td> `` Safe House '' </Td> <Td> Nisha Ganatra </Td> <Td> Andy Gosche </Td> <Td> March 18 , 2018 ( 2018 - 03 - 18 ) </Td> <Td> 512 </Td> <Td> 1.92 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 103 </Th> <Td> 13 </Td> <Td> `` The Negotiation '' </Td> <Td> Linda Mendoza </Td> <Td> Phil Augusta Jackson </Td> <Td> March 25 , 2018 ( 2018 - 03 - 25 ) </Td> <Td> 513 </Td> <Td> 1.83 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 104 </Th> <Td> 14 </Td> <Td> `` The Box '' </Td> <Td> Claire Scanlon </Td> <Td> Luke Del Tredici </Td> <Td> April 1 , 2018 ( 2018 - 04 - 01 ) </Td> <Td> 516 </Td> <Td> 1.78 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 105 </Th> <Td> 15 </Td> <Td> `` The Puzzle Master '' </Td> <Td> Akiva Schaffer </Td> <Td> Lang Fisher </Td> <Td> April 8 , 2018 ( 2018 - 04 - 08 ) </Td> <Td> 514 </Td> <Td> 1.74 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 106 </Th> <Td> 16 </Td> <Td> `` NutriBoom '' </Td> <Td> Trent O'Donnell </Td> <Td> David Phillips </Td> <Td> April 15 , 2018 ( 2018 - 04 - 15 ) </Td> <Td> 515 </Td> <Td> 1.79 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 107 </Th> <Td> 17 </Td> <Td> `` DFW '' </Td> <Td> Jaffar Mahmood </Td> <Td> Jeff Topolski </Td> <Td> April 15 , 2018 ( 2018 - 04 - 15 ) </Td> <Td> 518 </Td> <Td> 1.48 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 108 </Th> <Td> 18 </Td> <Td> `` Gray Star Mutual '' </Td> <Td> Giovani Lampassi </Td> <Td> Jessica Polonsky </Td> <Td> April 22 , 2018 ( 2018 - 04 - 22 ) </Td> <Td> 517 </Td> <Td> 1.77 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 109 </Th> <Td> 19 </Td> <Td> `` Bachelor / ette


<Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 22 by Magic Johnson ( 1984 ) </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl>


The Call of the Wild is a short adventure novel by Jack London published in 1903 and set in Yukon , Canada during the 1890s Klondike Gold Rush , when strong sled dogs were in high demand . The central character of the novel is a dog named Buck . The story opens at a ranch in Santa Clara Valley , California , when Buck is stolen from his home and sold into service as a sled dog in Alaska . He becomes progressively feral in the harsh environment , where he is forced to fight to survive and dominate other dogs . By the end , he sheds the veneer of civilization , and relies on primordial instinct and learned experience to emerge as a leader in the wild .


`` Fix You '' is a song by the British rock band Coldplay . It was written by all four members of the band for their third studio album , X&Y ( 2005 ) . The track is built around an organ accompanied by slow tempo drums and vocals .


In Indian English , the word is used both as an attributive and non-attributive noun , and with either a marked ( `` - s '' ) or unmarked plural , as in : `` 1 lakh people '' or `` 1 lakh of people '' ; `` 200 lakh rupees '' ; `` 5 lakh of rupees '' ; `` rupees 10 lakhs '' ; or `` 5 lakhs of rupees '' . In the abbreviated form , usage such as `` ₹ 5L '' ( for `` rupees 5 lakhs '' ) is common . In this system of numeration 100 lakh is called one crore and is equal to 10 million .


 Most assists -- team

 60 by West All - Stars ( 2017 )

 Most assists -- both teams

 103 ( 2017 )

 Most assists in a half -- team

 34 by West All - Stars ( 2017 )

 Most assists in a half -- both teams

 57 ( 2017 )

 Most assists in a quarter -- team

 19 by West All - Stars ( 2017 )

 Most assists in a quarter -- both teams

 29 ( 2017 )

 Fewest assists -- team

 15 by West All - Stars ( 1965 )

 Fewest assists -- both teams

 37 ( 1964 )


The pretext for the war had its origins in border disputes between the Zulu leader , Cetshwayo , and the Boers in the Transvaal region . Following a commission enquiry on the border dispute which reported in favour of the Zulu nation in July 1878 , Sir Henry Bartle Frere , acting on his own , added an ultimatum to the commission meeting , much to the surprise of the Zulu representatives who then relayed it to Cetshwayo . Cetshwayo had not responded by the end of the year , so an extension was granted by Bartle Frere until 11 January 1879 . Cetshwayo returned no answer to the demands of Bartle Frere , and in January 1879 a British force under Lieutenant General Frederick Augustus Thesiger , 2nd Baron Chelmsford invaded Zululand , without authorization by the British Government .


Frere , on his own initiative , without the approval of the British government and with the intent of instigating a war with the Zulu , had presented an ultimatum on 11 December 1878 , to the Zulu king Cetshwayo with which the Zulu king could not comply , including disbanding his army and abandoning key cultural traditions . Bartle Frere then sent Lord Chelmsford to invade Zululand after this ultimatum was not met . The war is notable for several particularly bloody battles , including an opening victory of the Zulu at the Battle of Isandlwana , followed by the defeat of a large Zulu army at Rorke 's Drift by a small force of British troops . The war eventually resulted in a British victory and the end of the Zulu nation 's dominance of the region .


A typical explanation found in the scientific literature for the evolution of light hair is related to the evolution of light skin , and in turn the requirement for vitamin D synthesis and northern Europe 's seasonal less solar radiation . Lighter skin is due to a low concentration in pigmentation , thus allowing more sunlight to trigger the production of vitamin D. In this way , high frequencies of light hair in northern latitudes are a result of the light skin adaptation to lower levels of solar radiation , which reduces the prevalence of rickets caused by vitamin D deficiency . The darker pigmentation at higher latitudes in certain ethnic groups such as the Inuit is explained by a greater proportion of seafood in their diet and by the climate which they live in , because in the polar climate there is more ice or snow on the ground , and this reflects the solar radiation onto the skin , making this environment lack the conditions for the person to have blond , brown or red hair , light skin and blue , grey or green eyes .


Tomb Raider is a 2018 action - adventure film directed by Roar Uthaug , with a screenplay by Geneva Robertson - Dworet and Alastair Siddons , from a story by Evan Daugherty and Robertson - Dworet . It is based on the 2013 video game of the same name , with some elements of its sequel by Crystal Dynamics , and is a reboot of the Tomb Raider film series . The film stars Alicia Vikander as Lara Croft , who embarks on a perilous journey to her father 's last - known destination , hoping to solve the mystery of his disappearance . Dominic West , Walton Goggins , Daniel Wu , and Kristin Scott Thomas appear in supporting roles .


  Anglo - Zulu War

  Detail of a painting depicting the Battle of Rorke 's Drift

  Date 	  11 January -- 4 July 1879 ( 5 months , 3 weeks and 2 days )

  Location 	  South Africa

  Result 	  British victory British annexation of the Zulu Kingdom

  Belligerents

  British Empire 	  Zulu Kingdom

  Commanders and leaders

  Earl of Beaconsfield Sir Henry Bartle Frere Lord Chelmsford Garnet Wolseley 	  Cetshwayo kaMpande Ntshingwayo Khoza Dabulamanzi kaMpande

  Strength

 1st invasion : 15,000 -- 16,000

 6,600 British troops

 9,000 Africans

 17 cannons 1 Gatling gun 1 rocket battery 2nd invasion : 25,000

 16,000 British troops

 7,000 Natal natives

 2,000 -- 3,000 civilian transport

 10 cannons 2 Gatling guns 	  35,000

  Casualties and losses

  1,902 killed 256 wounded 	  6,930 killed


Subject to the advice and consent role of the U.S. Senate , the President of the United States negotiates treaties with foreign nations , but treaties enter into force if ratified by two - thirds of the Senate . The President is also Commander in Chief of the United States Armed Forces , and as such has broad authority over the armed forces . Both the Secretary of State and ambassadors are appointed by the President , with the advice and consent of the Senate . The United States Secretary of State is the foreign minister of the United States and is the primary conductor of state - to - state diplomacy .


The Louisiana Purchase Treaty was signed on 30 April by Robert Livingston , James Monroe , and Barbé Marbois in Paris . Jefferson announced the treaty to the American people on July 4 . After the signing of the Louisiana Purchase agreement in 1803 , Livingston made this famous statement , `` We have lived long , but this is the noblest work of our whole lives ... From this day the United States take their place among the powers of the first rank . ''


In 1945 the presidents of the eight schools signed the first Ivy Group Agreement , which set academic , financial , and athletic standards for the football teams . The principles established reiterated those put forward in the Harvard - Yale - Princeton Presidents ' Agreement of 1916 . The Ivy Group Agreement established the core tenet that an applicant 's ability to play on a team would not influence admissions decisions :


The Satavahanas are among the earliest Indian rulers to issue their own coins with portraits of their rulers , starting with king Gautamiputra Satakarni , a practice derived from that of the Western Kshatrapas he defeated , itself originating with the Indo - Greek kings to the northwest .


  Gulf War

  Clockwise from top : USAF F - 15Es , F - 16s , and a F - 15C flying over burning Kuwaiti oil wells ; British troops from the Staffordshire Regiment in Operation Granby ; camera view from a Lockheed AC - 130 ; Highway of Death ; M728 Combat Engineer Vehicle .

  Date 	  Invasion of Kuwait 2 -- 4 August 1990 Operation Desert Storm 17 January -- 28 February 1991 ( 1 month , 1 week and 4 days )

  Location 	  Iraq , Kuwait , Saudi Arabia , Israel and Persian Gulf

  Result
 Coalition victory

 Iraq expelled from Kuwait

 Kuwaiti monarchy restored

 Destruction of Iraqi and Kuwaiti infrastructure

 Failed Shia / Kurdish uprisings against the Iraqi government

 Iraqi Kurdistan obtains autonomy , establishment of the northern Iraq no fly zone by the US

 Saddam Hussein retains power

 UN sanctions against Iraq maintained until 2003

 United Nations Security Council Resolution 687 establishes cease - fire terms , beginning of the Iraq disarmament controversies

  Belligerents

 Kuwait United States United Kingdom France Saudi Arabia
 Coalition forces ( show )

 Egypt

 Syria

 Morocco

 Oman

 Pakistan

 Canada

 United Arab Emirates

 Qatar

 Bangladesh

 Italy

 Australia

 Netherlands

 Niger

 Philippines

 Sweden

 Argentina

 Senegal

 Spain

 Bahrain

 Belgium

 Poland

 South Korea

 Singapore

 Norway

 Czechoslovakia

 Greece

 Denmark

 New Zealand

 Hungary

 	  Iraq Supported by : Yemen PLO

  Commanders and leaders

 Sheikh Jaber Al Ahmad

 Sheikh Saad Al Abdullah

 George H.W. Bush

 Dick Cheney

 Colin Powell

 Norman Schwarzkopf

 John J. Yeosock

 Walter E. Boomer

 Charles Horner

 Stanley Arthur

 J. William Kime

 King Fahd

 Saleh Al - Muhaya

 Khalid bin Sultan

 Margaret Thatcher

 John Major

 Peter de la Billière

 Brian Mulroney

 Hussain Muhammad Ershad

 François Mitterrand

 Michel Roquejeoffre

 Saddam Hussein

 Ali Hassan al - Majid

 Izzat Ibrahim al - Douri

 Salah Aboud Mahmoud

 Hussein Kamel al - Majid

 Abid Hamid Mahmud

  Strength

  956,600 , including 700,000 US troops 	  650,000 soldiers

  Casualties and losses

 Coalition : 292 killed ( 147 killed by enemy action , 145 non-hostile deaths ) 467 wounded in action 776 wounded 31 Tanks destroyed / disabled 28 Bradley IFVs destroyed / damaged 1 M113 APC destroyed 2 British Warrior APCs destroyed 1 Artillery Piece destroyed 75 Aircraft destroyed Kuwait : 4,200 killed 12,000 captured ≈ 200 tanks destroyed / captured 850 + other armored vehicles destroyed / captured 57 aircraft lost At least 8 aircraft captured ( Mirage F1s )
 17 ships sunk , 6 captured 	  Iraqi : 25,000 -- 50,000 killed 75,000 + wounded 80,000 captured 3,300 tanks destroyed 2,100 APCs destroyed 2,200 Artillery Pieces destroyed 110 Aircraft destroyed 137 Aircraft escaped to Iran 19 naval ships sunk , 6 damaged

 Kuwaiti civilian losses : Over 1,000 killed 600 missing people Iraqi civilian losses : About 3,664 killed
 Other civilian losses : 300 civilians killed , more injured


60 by West All - Stars ( 2017 )


Ricky Nelson as Colorado / Ryan


 Chicago Bears ( 1985 -- 1993 )

 Philadelphia Eagles ( 1993 -- 1994 )

 London Monarchs ( 1996 )


  No . overall 	  No. in season 	  Title 	  Directed by 	  Written by 	  Original air date 	  Prod . code 	  U.S. viewers ( millions )

  23 	  	  `` The Return '' 	  J. Miller Tobin 	  Kevin Williamson & Julie Plec 	  September 9 , 2010 ( 2010 - 09 - 09 ) 	  2J5251 	  3.28

  Picking up where the first season left off , Elena arrives home to discover the fates of Uncle John and Jeremy . Jeremy has not transitioned into a vampire , because he did not take enough drugs to die and Anna 's blood overcame the overdose . Damon , Bonnie , and Elena agree that Caroline needs Damon 's blood to survive . Damon realizes that Katherine has returned and is impersonating Elena. Tyler is surprised when his uncle , Mason Lockwood , arrives in town to console him . Katherine and Damon nearly sleep together , but Katherine tells Damon , `` it will always be Stefan '' . Distraught , Damon goes to see Elena , who resists his attempt to kiss her . Angry that Elena also loves Stefan , Damon snaps Jeremy 's neck . Jeremy survives because he is wearing a Gilbert ring , which protects the wearer from death from supernatural causes . Katherine goes to the hospital and smothers Caroline with a pillow . Before Caroline dies , Katherine gives her a message for the Salvatore brothers : `` Game on . ''

  24 	  	  `` Brave New World '' 	  John Dahl 	  Brian Young 	  September 16 , 2010 ( 2010 - 09 - 16 ) 	  2J5252 	  3.05

  Caroline has become a vampire and awakens in the hospital craving blood . Tyler catches Mason searching for a moonstone , which is a family heirloom . At the carnival , Damon compels a boy named Carter to pick a fight with Tyler to provoke one of Tyler 's bursts of anger . Mason breaks up the fight using his supernatural abilities , proving that he is a werewolf . Caroline confronts Damon about his abusive treatment , and he realizes that she is a vampire . He alerts Elena and Stefan , while a ravenous Caroline drains Carter . Stefan promises Caroline he will guide her journey as a vampire. Tyler retrieves the moonstone Mason has been seeking . Matt notices Caroline 's erratic behavior but admits that he loves her .

  25 	  	  `` Bad Moon Rising '' 	  Patrick Norris 	  Andrew Chambliss 	  September 23 , 2010 ( 2010 - 09 - 23 ) 	  2J5253 	  3.57

  Elena , Damon , and Alaric head to Isobel 's old office at Duke University , where it is revealed that vampires and werewolves used to roam freely until a shaman uttered a curse to limit their powers , after which the werewolves were servants of the moon and vampires became the slaves of the sun . Stefan teaches Caroline how to control herself and hunt animals . Bonnie makes Caroline a daylight ring so that she will not be burned by the sun . In werewolf form , Mason encounters Stefan and Caroline. Tyler saves them by shouting at the werewolf ; he later finds Mason in the woods and realises what has happened . Unable to control herself , Caroline feeds on Matt . She compels him to forget it , but ends their relationship to keep him safe from her . Damon tells Elena Katherine 's real name , Katerina Petrova , to aid Elena with her research . Alaric reaffirms his romantic interest in Jenna , and Caroline finds Katherine in her bedroom .

  26 	  	  `` Memory Lane '' 	  Rob Hardy 	  Caroline Dries 	  September 30 , 2010 ( 2010 - 09 - 30 ) 	  2J5254 	  3.18

  Katherine tells Stefan that she will kill Elena unless he ends his relationship with her , and as a result , Elena realizes that Caroline is working for Katherine . Elena and Katherine finally meet , but Katherine ignores Elena 's questions . Damon stabs Mason with a silver knife , but Mason says it is only a myth that silver hurts werewolves . They are now enemies . Katherine remembers how in 1864


Layer Cake ( also occasionally stylised as L4YER CAKƐ ) is a 2004 British crime thriller film directed by Matthew Vaughn , in his directorial debut . The screenplay was adapted by J.J. Connolly from his novel of the same name . The film 's plot revolves around a London - based criminal known as XXXX , played by Daniel Craig , working in the trade of cocaine who wishes to leave the drug business . The film also features Tom Hardy , Colm Meaney , and Sienna Miller .


John Joseph Patrick Ryan ( December 30 , 1920 -- January 21 , 1998 ) , best known by his stage name , Jack Lord , was an American television , film and Broadway actor and director and producer . He was known for his starring role as Steve McGarrett in the CBS television program Hawaii Five - O , which ran from 1968 to 1980 .


A 30 - something man ( XXXX ) , is a London underworld criminal who has established himself as one of the biggest cocaine suppliers in the city , with effective legitimate cover . Considering himself a businessman and patience as a prime virtue , XXXX leaves the darker aspects of the business to his henchman Morty , a man having recently ended a 10 - year prison sentence for murder . Once he has earned enough to ensure his long - term financial security , XXXX plans to retire .


 William Perry
  No. 72 , 90 , 95

  Position : 	  Defensive tackle , fullback

  Date of birth : 	  ( 1962 - 12 - 16 ) December 16 , 1962 ( age 54 )

  Place of birth : 	  Aiken , South Carolina

  Height : 	  6 ft 2 in ( 1.88 m )

  Weight : 	  350 lb ( 159 kg )

  Career information

  High school : 	  Aiken ( SC )

  College : 	  Clemson

  NFL Draft : 	  1985 / Round : 1 / Pick : 22

  Career history

 Chicago Bears ( 1985 -- 1993 )

 Philadelphia Eagles ( 1993 -- 1994 )

 London Monarchs ( 1996 )

  Career highlights and awards

 Inducted to the ( WWE ) Hall of Fame ( 2006 )

 Super Bowl champion ( XX )

 Consensus All - American ( 1983 )

  Career NFL statistics

  Sacks : 	  29.5

  Games : 	  138

  Offensive TDs : 	  3

  Player stats at NFL.com


The Mike O'Callaghan -- Pat Tillman Memorial Bridge is an arch bridge in the United States that spans the Colorado River between the states of Arizona and Nevada . The bridge is located within the Lake Mead National Recreation Area approximately 30 miles ( 48 km ) southeast of Las Vegas , and carries U.S. Route 93 over the Colorado River . Opened in 2010 , it was the key component of the Hoover Dam Bypass project , which rerouted US 93 from its previous routing along the top of Hoover Dam and removed several hairpin turns and blind curves from the route . It is jointly named for Mike O'Callaghan , Governor of Nevada from 1971 -- 1979 , and Pat Tillman , an American football player who left his career with the Arizona Cardinals to enlist in the United States Army and was later killed in Afghanistan by friendly fire .


`` Return of the Mack '' is a song written and recorded by the German - born British R&B singer Mark Morrison . It was released in the United Kingdom in March 1996 and topped the UK Singles Chart a month later . It reached the # 1 spot on the UK Singles Chart and # 2 on the US Billboard Hot 100 in early - Summer 1997 for one week behind `` MMMBop '' by Hanson , and went Platinum .


The legislation made two amendments to the Social Security Act of 1935 . Title XVIII , which became known as Medicare , includes Part A , which provides hospital insurance for the aged , and Part B , which provides supplementary medical insurance . Title XIX , which became known as Medicaid , provides for the states to finance health care for individuals who were at or close to the public assistance level with federal matching funds .


  `` Return of the Mack ''

  Standard UK / European cover art

  Single by Mark Morrison

  from the album Return of the Mack

  B - side 	  `` Remix ''

  Released 	  18 March 1996 ( 1996 - 03 - 18 )

  Format

 CD single

 CD maxi

 12 '' maxi

  Recorded 	  1995

  Genre

 Hip hop soul

 new jack swing

 R&B

 dance - pop

  Length 	  4 : 34 ( UK album version ) 3 : 33 ( UK radio edit ) 7 : 20 ( US album version )

  Label 	  Atlantic , WEA

  Songwriter ( s )

 Mark Morrison

 Phil Chill

 Chuckii Booker

 Gerald Levert

 C.J. Anthony

 Adrian Belew

 Chris Frantz

 Steven Stanley

 Tina Weymouth ( uncredited )

  Producer ( s )

 Mark Morrison

 Phil Chill

  Mark Morrison singles chronology

  `` Let 's Get Down '' ( 1995 ) 	  `` Return of the Mack '' ( 1996 ) 	  `` Crazy ( remix ) '' ( 1996 )

  `` Let 's Get Down '' ( 1995 ) 	  `` Return of the Mack '' ( 1996 ) 	  `` Crazy ( remix ) '' ( 1996 )

  Alternate cover

  American single cover


Jacob Tremblay as August `` Auggie '' Pullman , Via 's brother and Isabel and Nate 's son


`` If I Were a Boy '' is a song performed by American singer and songwriter Beyoncé from her third studio album I Am ... Sasha Fierce ( 2008 ) . It was written by BC Jean and Toby Gad , who also handled its production alongside Beyoncé . Inspired by the difficult break - up of a romantic relationship , the song was initially recorded by Jean , whose record company rejected it . Beyoncé then recorded her own version . Jean was upset when she learned that Beyoncé was releasing it as a single , but eventually , they reached an agreement . Columbia Records released `` If I Were a Boy '' to US radio on October 8 , 2008 , as a double A-side single album 's alongside `` Single Ladies ( Put a Ring on It ) '' as the lead singles . The two songs showcased the contrast between Beyoncé 's personality and her aggressive onstage persona , Sasha Fierce . A Spanish version of the song , titled `` Si Yo Fuera un Chico '' , was digitally released in Mexico and Spain .


After World War II , Australia was the first country to make the drug available for civilian use . In the U.S. , penicillin was made available to the general public on March 15 , 1945 .


 Bora not Bora
  Bora Bora and its lagoon seen from the International Space Station

  Geography

  Coordinates 	  16 ° 30 ′ 04 '' S 151 ° 44 ′ 24 '' W  /  16.501 ° S 151.740 ° W  / - 16.501 ; - 151.740 Coordinates : 16 ° 30 ′ 04 '' S 151 ° 44 ′ 24 '' W  /  16.501 ° S 151.740 ° W  / - 16.501 ; - 151.740

  Archipelago 	  Society Islands

  Area 	  30.55 km ( 11.80 sq mi )

  Highest elevation 	  727 m ( 2,385 ft )

  Highest point 	  Mount Otemanu

  Administration

  France

  Overseas collectivity 	  French Polynesia

  Administrative subdivision 	  Leeward Islands

  Commune 	  Bora Bora

  Largest settlement 	  Vaitape

  Demographics

  Population 	  10,605 ( 2017 )

  Pop . density 	  347 / km ( 899 / sq mi )


Celebrity Big Brother , also known as Big Brother : Celebrity Edition , is a spin - off series of the American reality television series Big Brother . This season aired during the winter of the 2017 -- 18 network television season on CBS and was the second U.S. Big Brother season to air outside the usual summer television season , the first being Big Brother 9 in 2008 . Julie Chen returned as host , with Allison Grodner and Rich Meehan returning as executive producers . The season was produced by Fly on the Wall Entertainment in association with Endemol Shine North America . The season premiered on February 7 , 2018 .


Half - Life 2 : Episode Two is a first - person shooter video game , the second in a series of episodic sequels to the 2004 Half - Life 2 . It was developed by Valve Corporation in tandem with Episode One , the first game in the series , and released in 2007 via Valve 's Steam content distribution platform . The episode was released both separately and as a part of a bundled package , The Orange Box .


Due to the difficulty of travel in the late 18th century , very few of the selected delegates were present on the designated day of May 14 , 1787 , and it was not until May 25 that a quorum of seven states was secured . ( New Hampshire delegates would not join the Convention until more than halfway through the proceedings , on July 23 . ) James Madison arrived first , and soon most of the Virginia delegation arrived . While waiting for the other delegates , the Virginia delegation produced the Virginia Plan , which was designed and written by James Madison . On May 25 , the delegations convened in the Pennsylvania State House .


Nintendo Co. , Ltd. is a Japanese multinational consumer electronics and video game company headquartered in Kyoto . Nintendo is one of the world 's largest video game companies by market capitalization , creating some of the best - known and top - selling video game franchises , such as Mario , The Legend of Zelda , and Pokémon . Founded on 23 September 1889 by Fusajiro Yamauchi , it originally produced handmade hanafuda playing cards . By 1963 , the company had tried several small niche businesses , such as cab services and love hotels . Abandoning previous ventures in favor of toys in the 1960s , Nintendo then developed into a video game company in the 1970s , ultimately becoming one of the most influential in the industry and Japan 's third most - valuable company with a market value of over $85 billion . From 1992 until 2016 , Nintendo was also the majority shareholder for the Seattle Mariners of Major League Baseball .


As of 2017 , the Bora Bora group has a permanent population of 10,605 .


  Half - Life 2 : Episode Two

  Promotional artwork featuring ( from left ) : Gordon Freeman , the Combine Hunters , and Alyx Vance

  Developer ( s ) 	  Valve Corporation

  Publisher ( s ) 	  Valve Corporation

  Composer ( s ) 	  Kelly Bailey

  Series 	  Half - Life

  Engine 	  Source

  Platform ( s ) 	  Microsoft Windows , PlayStation 3 , Xbox 360 , OS X , Linux

  Release 	  October 10 , 2007 ( show )

 Microsoft Windows , Xbox 360

 NA : October 10 , 2007

 EU : October 18 , 2007

 AU : October 25 , 2007

 PlayStation 3

 AU : December 20 , 2007

 EU : December 14 , 2007

 NA : December 14 , 2007

 OS X

 WW : May 26 , 2010

 Linux

 WW : May 10 , 2013

  Genre ( s ) 	  First - person shooter

  Mode ( s ) 	  Single - player


 Julia Roberts as Isabel Pullman , Via and Auggie 's mother .

 Owen Wilson as Nate Pullman , Via and Auggie 's father , Isabel 's husband

 Jacob Tremblay as August `` Auggie '' Pullman , Via 's brother and Isabel and Nate 's son

 Izabela Vidovic as Olivia `` Via '' Pullman , Auggie 's sister

 Maccie Margaret Chbosky as Young Olivia

 Noah Jupe as Jack Will , Auggie 's best friend

 Bryce Gheisar as Julian Albans

 Elle McKinnon as Charlotte Cody

 Millie Davis as Summer Dawson

 Ty Consiglio as Amos Continu

 Kyle Harrison Breitkopf as Miles Noury

 James A. Hughes as Henry Joplin

 Sônia Braga as Lisa `` Grans '' Minel , Isabel 's mother and Via and Auggie 's grandmother

 Mandy Patinkin as Mr. Tushman

 Daveed Diggs as Mr. Browne

 Ali Liebert as Ms. Petosa

 Danielle Rose Russell as Miranda Navas , Via 's best friend

 Nadji Jeter as Justin Hollander , Via 's boyfriend

 Gidget as Darth - Daisy `` Daisy '' , Auggie and Via 's dog


The Empire reached its largest expanse under Trajan ( reigned 98 -- 117 ) , encompassing an area of 5 million square kilometres . The traditional population estimate of 55 -- 60 million inhabitants accounted for between one - sixth and one - fourth of the world 's total population and made it the largest population of any unified political entity in the West until the mid-19th century . Recent demographic studies have argued for a population peak ranging from 70 million to more than 100 million . Each of the three largest cities in the Empire -- Rome , Alexandria , and Antioch -- was almost twice the size of any European city at the beginning of the 17th century .


The Roman Empire was among the most powerful economic , cultural , political and military forces in the world of its time . It was one of the largest empires in world history . At its height under Trajan , it covered 5 million square kilometres . It held sway over an estimated 70 million people , at that time 21 % of the world 's entire population . The longevity and vast extent of the empire ensured the lasting influence of Latin and Greek language , culture , religion , inventions , architecture , philosophy , law and forms of government on the empire 's descendants . Throughout the European medieval period , attempts were even made to establish successors to the Roman Empire , including the Empire of Romania , a Crusader state ; and the Holy Roman Empire . By means of European colonialism following the Renaissance , and their descendant states , Greco - Roman and Judaeo - Christian culture was exported on a worldwide scale , playing a crucial role in the development of the modern world .


Penicillin was discovered in 1928 by Scottish scientist Alexander Fleming . People began using it to treat infections in 1942 . There are several enhanced penicillin families which are effective against additional bacteria ; these include the antistaphylococcal penicillins , aminopenicillins and the antipseudomonal penicillins . They are derived from Penicillium fungi .


  `` If I Were a Boy ''

  Single by Beyoncé

  from the album I Am ... Sasha Fierce

  A-side 	  `` Single Ladies ( Put a Ring on It ) ''

  Released 	  October 8 , 2008 ( 2008 - 10 - 08 )

  Format

 CD

 digital download

  Recorded 	  2008 ; Roc the Mic Studios , Strawberrybee Productions , GAD Studios

  Genre 	  Pop

  Length 	  4 : 09

  Label 	  Columbia

  Songwriter ( s )

 BC Jean

 Toby Gad

  Producer ( s )

 Toby Gad

 Beyoncé Knowles

  Beyoncé singles chronology

  `` Love in This Club Part II '' ( 2008 ) 	  `` If I Were a Boy '' ( 2008 ) 	  `` Single Ladies ( Put a Ring on It ) '' ( 2008 )

  `` Love in This Club Part II '' ( 2008 ) 	  `` If I Were a Boy '' ( 2008 ) 	  `` Single Ladies ( Put a Ring on It ) '' ( 2008 )


With the Yuan dynasty crumbling , competing rebel groups began fighting for control of the country and thus the right to establish a new dynasty . In 1363 , Zhu Yuanzhang eliminated his archrival and leader of the rebel Han faction , Chen Youliang , in the Battle of Lake Poyang , arguably the largest naval battle in history . Known for its ambitious use of fire ships , Zhu 's force of 200,000 Ming sailors were able to defeat a Han rebel force over triple their size , claimed to be 650,000 - strong . The victory destroyed the last opposing rebel faction , leaving Zhu Yuanzhang in uncontested control of the bountiful Yangtze River Valley and cementing his power in the south . After the dynastic head of the Red Turbans suspiciously died in 1367 while a guest of Zhu , there was no one left who was remotely capable of contesting his march to the throne , and he made his imperial ambitions known by sending an army toward the Yuan capital Dadu ( present - day Beijing ) in 1368 . The last Yuan emperor fled north to the upper capital Shangdu , and Zhu declared the founding of the Ming dynasty after razing the Yuan palaces in Dadu to the ground ; the city was renamed Beiping in the same year . Zhu Yuanzhang took Hongwu , or `` Vastly Martial '' , as his era name .


The Roman Empire ( Latin : Imperium Rōmānum ; Classical Latin : ( ɪmˈpɛ. ri. ũː roːˈmaː. nũː ) Koine and Medieval Greek : Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων , tr . Basileia tōn Rhōmaiōn ) was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization , characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe , Africa and Asia . The city of Rome was the largest city in the world c. 100 BC -- c . AD 400 , with Constantinople ( New Rome ) becoming the largest around AD 500 , and the Empire 's populace grew to an estimated 50 to 90 million inhabitants ( roughly 20 % of the world 's population at the time ) . The 500 - year - old republic which preceded it was severely destabilized in a series of civil wars and political conflict , during which Julius Caesar was appointed as perpetual dictator and then assassinated in 44 BC . Civil wars and executions continued , culminating in the victory of Octavian , Caesar 's adopted son , over Mark Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the annexation of Egypt . Octavian 's power was then unassailable and in 27 BC the Roman Senate formally granted him overarching power and the new title Augustus , effectively marking the end of the Roman Republic .


To ease the integration with the Internet , IMS uses IETF protocols wherever possible , e.g. , SIP ( Session Initiation Protocol ) . According to the 3GPP , IMS is not intended to standardize applications , but rather to aid the access of multimedia and voice applications from wireless and wireline terminals , i.e. , to create a form of fixed - mobile convergence ( FMC ) . This is done by having a horizontal control layer that isolates the access network from the service layer . From a logical architecture perspective , services need not have their own control functions , as the control layer is a common horizontal layer . However , in implementation this does not necessarily map into greater reduced cost and complexity .


The main television coverage of Celebrity Big Brother was screened on CBS during the winter of the 2017 -- 18 network television season . CBS decided to schedule the spin - off during the February 2018 sweeps period to counterprogram NBC 's coverage of the 2018 Winter Olympics . Episodes aired on Sundays , Mondays , Wednesdays , and Fridays with two special episodes on Thursday , February 8 and Saturday , February 24 . All episodes aired for one hour and aired from 8 : 00 - 9 : 00 p.m. EST ; the Friday episodes and the season finale , however , ran for two hours each ( from 8 : 00 - 10 : 00 p.m. EST ) . The live Internet feeds returned for the American version of Celebrity Big Brother as part of CBS All Access . Alongside the weekly shows on CBS , the companion series Big Brother : After Dark returned on Pop under the title Celebrity Big Brother : After Dark . The show provided live coverage nightly from inside the House .


Human fingerprints are detailed , nearly unique , difficult to alter , and durable over the life of an individual , making them suitable as long - term markers of human identity . They may be employed by police or other authorities to identify individuals who wish to conceal their identity , or to identify people who are incapacitated or deceased and thus unable to identify themselves , as in the aftermath of a natural disaster . Fingerprint analysis , in use since the early 20th century , has led to many crimes being solved . This means that many criminals consider gloves essential . In 2015 , the identification of sex by use of a fingerprint test has been reported .


 The Art of War

  Author 	  ( trad . ) Sun Tzu

  Country 	  China

  Language 	  Chinese

  Subject 	  Military strategy and tactics

  Publication date 	  5th century BC

  Text 	  The Art of War at Wikisource


Set during the Great Depression , the novel focuses on the Joads , a poor family of tenant farmers driven from their Oklahoma home by drought , economic hardship , agricultural industry changes , and bank foreclosures forcing tenant farmers out of work . Due to their nearly hopeless situation , and in part because they are trapped in the Dust Bowl , the Joads set out for California . Along with thousands of other `` Okies '' , they seek jobs , land , dignity , and a future .


The challenge of mass - producing this drug was daunting . On March 14 , 1942 , the first patient was treated for streptococcal septicemia with US - made penicillin produced by Merck & Co . Half of the total supply produced at the time was used on that one patient . By June 1942 , just enough US penicillin was available to treat ten patients . In July 1943 , the War Production Board drew up a plan for the mass distribution of penicillin stocks to Allied troops fighting in Europe . The results of fermentation research on corn steep liquor at the Northern Regional Research Laboratory at Peoria , Illinois , allowed the United States to produce 2.3 million doses in time for the invasion of Normandy in the spring of 1944 . After a worldwide search in 1943 , a mouldy cantaloupe in a Peoria , Illinois market was found to contain the best strain of mould for production using the corn steep liquor process . Pfizer scientist Jasper H. Kane suggested using a deep - tank fermentation method for producing large quantities of pharmaceutical - grade penicillin . Large - scale production resulted from the development of a deep - tank fermentation plant by chemical engineer Margaret Hutchinson Rousseau . As a direct result of the war and the War Production Board , by June 1945 , over 646 billion units per year were being produced .


The most contentious disputes revolved around composition and election of the upper legislative house in the future bicameral Congress , to be known as the Senate , how `` proportional representation '' was to be defined ( whether to include slaves or other property ) , whether to divide the executive power between three persons or invest the power into a single chief executive to be called the President , how to elect the President , how long his term was to be and whether he could run for reelection , what offenses should be impeachable , the nature of a fugitive slave clause , whether to allow the abolition of the slave trade , and whether judges should be chosen by the legislature or executive . Most of the time during the Convention was spent on deciding these issues , while the powers of legislature , executive , and judiciary were not heavily disputed . Once the Convention began , the delegates first agreed on the principles of the Convention , then they agreed on Madison 's proposed Virginia Plan and began to modify it . A Committee of Detail , assembled during the July 4th recess , eventually produced a rough draft of the constitution . Most of the rough draft remained in place , and can be found in the final version of the constitution . After the final issues were resolved , the Committee on Style produced the final version , and it was voted on by the delegates , inscribed on parchment with engraving for printing and sent to the states and their legislatures .


  # 	  Episode 	  Written by 	  First Airdate 	  Production Code

  40 	  `` Galactic Smash : Space Attack ( Part 1 ) '' 	  Rich Fogel 	  09 / 09 / 2006 	  401

 The Monkey Team is recruited to play in the world 's most dangerous game : Galactic Smash , by an unknown female warrior who requires their assistance , and a cheat device has claimed that they are the only ones who can save the world .

 Guest : Tara Strong as Olianna and Arthur Burghardt as the Commodore Game Master

  41 	  `` Galactic Smash : Game Over ( Part 2 ) '' 	  Mark Henry 	  09 / 16 / 2006 	  402

 Chiro and the Monkey Team have been separated , and the Super Robot has been torn into pieces , but with Shuggazoom now as the target in Galactic Smash , Chiro must find a way to reunite his friends and destroy the evil threatening their home world .

  42 	  `` Incident on Ranger 7 '' 	  Brandon Auman 	  09 / 23 / 2006 	  403

 The Monkey Team runs into an old enemy , Gyrus Krinkle , at the prison on Ranger 7 when Chiro is mysteriously kidnapped and the monkeys must find him .

  43 	  `` Ghosts Of Shuggazoom '' 	  Robert David 	  10 / 07 / 2006 	  404

 The monkey team discovers a deserted Shuggazoom City with druid - like creatures called Wraiths until Jinmay arrives to help the team . As things appear to get better , Chiro gets a busted ankle , and the evil Valeena returns for revenge on the monkey team . Will Jinmay and the monkeys save the city ?

  44 	  `` Invasion of Vreen '' 	  Brandon Auman 	  09 / 30 / 2006 	  405

 When a race of super evolved insects arrives to conquer Shuggazoom , the Hyperforce has to stop them before they devour everyone in the city .

  45 	  `` Evil Ages '' 	  Randolph Heard 	  10 / 14 / 2006 	  406

 The Hyperforce decides to visit the Shuggazoom Museum , which contains past relics and antiques from the city 's ancient past . Everything is going fine , until The Curator transports our heroes into the different histories of Shuggazoom ! Will they be able to find their way back to the present ?

 Guest : Danny Mann as the Museum Curator and his Ancestors

  46 	  `` Night of Fear '' 	  Barry Hawkins 	  10 / 21 / 2006 	  407

 While patrolling the city , Sparx crash lands the Fist Rocket 3 in front of the Super Robot . When they rescue him they find he has lost his sight . Then Gibson turns into a drooling insane idiot , Antauri starts to lose control of his body and Mandarin takes control of his mind , Nova starts to see scary hallucinations , Chiro turns into a little boy , and clam monsters chase Otto . Who could be bring their phobias to life and will the monkeys stop who ever 's behind it ?

  47 	  `` The Hills Have Five '' 	  Randolph Heard & Eric Truehart 	  10 / 28 / 2006 	  408

 A gang named the Wild Five terrorize Shuggazoom , leading to Nova and Jinmay being captured . The Hyperforce must release the one Wild Five member they caught to find them , not knowing the leader of the Wild Five has reprogrammed Jinmay into one of them .

 Guest : Henry Rollins as Outrageous and Keith Morris as Hoodie

  48 	  `` Demon of the Deep '' 	  Mark Henry 	  11 / 04 / 2006 	  409

 When the Shuggazoom is attacked by aquatic monsters , the Hyperforce are saved by Captain Protesus . He tells the team that the


The Art of War is an ancient Chinese military treatise dating from the Spring and Autumn period in 5th century BC . The work , which is attributed to the ancient Chinese military strategist Sun Tzu ( `` Master Sun '' , also spelled Sunzi ) , is composed of 13 chapters . Each one is devoted to a distinct aspect of warfare and how that applies to military strategy and tactics . For almost 1,500 years it was the lead text in an anthology that would be formalised as the Seven Military Classics by Emperor Shenzong of Song in 1080 . The Art of War remains the most influential strategy text in East Asia . It has a profound influence on Eastern and Western military thinking , business tactics , legal strategy and beyond .


`` Ménage à Troi '' is the 24th episode of the third season of the American science fiction television series Star Trek : The Next Generation , and the 72nd episode of the series overall .


USS Enterprise ( NCC - 1701 ) is a fictional starship in the fictional Star Trek universe that serves as both the main setting of the original Star Trek television series , as well as the primary transportation method for the show 's characters . The Enterprise has been depicted in four network television series , six feature films , many books , and much fan - created media . The original Star Trek series ( 1966 -- 1969 ) features a voice - over by Enterprise captain , James T. Kirk ( William Shatner ) , which describes the mission of the Enterprise as `` to explore strange new worlds ; to seek out new life and new civilizations ; to boldly go where no man has gone before '' .


In 1966 , the Dallas Cowboys , who had been founded six years earlier , adopted the practice of hosting Thanksgiving games . It is widely rumored that the Cowboys sought a guarantee that they would regularly host Thanksgiving games as a condition of their very first one ( since games on days other than Sunday were uncommon at the time and thus high attendance was not a certainty ) . This is only partly true ; Dallas had in fact decided to host games on Thanksgiving by their own decision because there was nothing else to do or watch on that day . In 1975 and 1977 , at the behest of then - Commissioner Pete Rozelle , the St. Louis Cardinals replaced Dallas as a host team ( Dallas then hosted St. Louis in 1976 ) . Although the Cardinals , at the time known as the `` Cardiac Cards '' due to their propensity for winning very close games , were a modest success at the time , they were nowhere near as popular nationwide as the Cowboys , who were regular Super Bowl contenders during this era . This , combined with St. Louis 's consistently weak attendance , a series of ugly Cardinals losses in the three - game stretch , and opposition from the Kirkwood -- Webster Groves Turkey Day Game ( a local high school football contest ) led to Dallas resuming regular hosting duties in 1978 ; it was then , after Rozelle asked Dallas to resume hosting Thanksgiving games , that the Cowboys requested ( and received ) an agreement guaranteeing the Cowboys a spot on Thanksgiving Day forever .


The Sinai Peninsula or simply Sinai ( / ˈsaɪnaɪ / ; Arabic : سيناء  Sīnāʼ ; Egyptian Arabic : سينا  Sīna , IPA : ( ˈsiːnæ ) ; Hebrew : סיני  Sinai ; Coptic : ⲥⲓⲛⲁ ) is a peninsula in Egypt , the only part of the country located in Asia . It is situated between the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Red Sea to the south , and is a land bridge between Asia and Africa . Sinai has a land area of about 60,000 km ( 23,000 sq mi ) and a population of approximately 1,400,000 people . Administratively , the Sinai Peninsula is divided into two governorates : the South Sinai Governorate and the North Sinai Governorate . Three other governorates span the Suez Canal , crossing into African Egypt : Suez Governorate on the southern end of the Suez Canal , Ismailia Governorate in the center , and Port Said Governorate in the north .


The Mongol - led Yuan dynasty ( 1271 -- 1368 ) ruled before the establishment of the Ming dynasty . Explanations for the demise of the Yuan include institutionalized ethnic discrimination against Han Chinese that stirred resentment and rebellion , overtaxation of areas hard - hit by inflation , and massive flooding of the Yellow River as a result of the abandonment of irrigation projects . Consequently , agriculture and the economy were in shambles , and rebellion broke out among the hundreds of thousands of peasants called upon to work on repairing the dykes of the Yellow River . A number of Han Chinese groups revolted , including the Red Turbans in 1351 . The Red Turbans were affiliated with the White Lotus , a Buddhist secret society . Zhu Yuanzhang was a penniless peasant and Buddhist monk who joined the Red Turbans in 1352 ; he soon gained a reputation after marrying the foster daughter of a rebel commander . In 1356 , Zhu 's rebel force captured the city of Nanjing , which he would later establish as the capital of the Ming dynasty .


The Ottoman Empire participated in World War I as one of the Central Powers . The Ottoman Empire entered the war by carrying out a surprise attack on Russia 's Black Sea coast on 29 October 1914 , with Russia responding by declaring war on it on November 5th , 1914 . Ottoman forces fought the Entente in the Balkans and the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I . The Ottoman Empire 's defeat in the war in 1918 was crucial in the eventual dissolution of the empire in 1921 .


The electron transport chain consists of a spatially separated series of redox reactions in which electrons are transferred from a donor molecule to an acceptor molecule . The underlying force driving these reactions is the Gibbs free energy of the reactants and products . The Gibbs free energy is the energy available ( `` free '' ) to do work . Any reaction that decreases the overall Gibbs free energy of a system is thermodynamically spontaneous .


Lyrically , `` Love Yourself '' is a kiss - off to a narcissistic ex-lover who did the protagonist wrong , with Bieber singing in a snappy and spiteful tone while `` hating on a girl for loving herself too much . '' In the pre-chorus , he sings with a husky tone in the lower registers : `` My mama do n't like you , and she likes everyone , '' `` in a style that molds well to Sheeran 's , '' according to Rolling Stone 's Brittany Spanos . `` And I ( never ) like to admit that I was wrong . And I 've been so caught up in my job , did n't see what 's going on , and now I know , I 'm better sleeping on my own , '' he continues . In the chorus , Bieber sings , `` Cause if you like the way you look that much , oh baby you should go and love yourself , '' which according to Digital Spy 's Amy Davidson , `` ' love yourself ' means ' go f * * k yourself ' in this context . '' On March 7 , 2017 , composer Ed Sheeran stated on the Howard Stern Show that he had Rihanna in mind for the song at first , and the original lyric was indeed `` fuck yourself . '' In the song 's bridge , Bieber uses a `` brass - and - vocalese '' style .


A number of English country estates were used as locations for the film , partly owing to the persuasive power of Ismail Merchant , who was able to cajole permission for the production to borrow houses not normally open to the public . Among them were Dyrham Park for the exterior of the house and the driveway , Powderham Castle ( staircase , hall , music room , bedroom ; used for the aqua - turquoise stairway scenes ) , Corsham Court ( library and dining room ) and Badminton House ( servants ' quarters , conservatory , entrance hall ) . Luciana Arrighi , the production designer , scouted most of these locations . Scenes were also shot in Weston - super-Mare , which stood in for Clevedon . The pub where Mr Stevens stays is the Hop Pole in Limpley Stoke ; the shop featured is also in Limpley Stoke . The pub where Miss Kenton and Mr Benn meet is the George Inn , Norton St Philip .


On 30 October 1918 , the Armistice of Mudros was signed , ending Ottoman involvement in World War 1 . The Ottoman public , however , was given misleadingly positive impressions of the severity of the terms of the Armistice . They thought its terms were considerably more lenient than they actually were , a source of discontent later that the Allies had betrayed the offered terms .


The Stonewall riots ( also referred to as the Stonewall uprising or the Stonewall rebellion ) were a series of spontaneous , violent demonstrations by members of the gay ( LGBT ) community against a police raid that took place in the early morning hours of June 28 , 1969 , at the Stonewall Inn in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of Manhattan , New York City . They are widely considered to constitute the most important event leading to the gay liberation movement and the modern fight for LGBT rights in the United States .


The retina is stratified into distinct layers , each containing specific cell types or cellular compartments that have metabolisms with different nutritional requirements . To satisfy these requirements , the ophthalmic artery bifurcates and supplies the retina via two distinct vascular networks : the choroidal network , which supplies the choroid and the outer retina , and the retinal network , which supplies the retina 's inner layer .


Revision 1.0 a was released on January 7 , 2003 . First - generation SATA interfaces , now known as SATA 1.5 Gbit / s , communicate at a rate of 1.5 Gbit / s , and do not support Native Command Queuing ( NCQ ) . Taking 8b / 10b encoding overhead into account , they have an actual uncoded transfer rate of 1.2 Gbit / s ( 150 MB / s ) . The theoretical burst throughput of SATA 1.5 Gbit / s is similar to that of PATA / 133 , but newer SATA devices offer enhancements such as NCQ , which improve performance in a multitasking environment .


Four - wheel drive , also called 4 × 4 ( `` four by four '' ) or 4WD , refers a two - axled vehicle with a drivetrain capable of providing torque to all its wheels simultaneously . It may be full - time or on - demand , and is typically linked via a transfer case providing an additional output drive - shaft and , in many instances , additional gear ranges .


Jan Evangelista Purkyně or Purkinje ( 1787 -- 1869 ) , a Czech physiologist and professor of anatomy at the University of Breslau , published a thesis in 1823 discussing 9 fingerprint patterns , but he did not mention any possibility of using fingerprints to identify people . In 1840 , following the murder of Lord William Russell , a provincial doctor , Robert Blake Overton , wrote to Scotland Yard suggesting checking for fingerprints but the suggestion , though followed up , did not lead to their routine use by the police for another 50 years . Some years later , the German anatomist Georg von Meissner ( 1829 -- 1905 ) studied friction ridges , and five years after this , in 1858 , Sir William James Herschel initiated fingerprinting in India . In 1877 at Hooghly ( near Calcutta ) he instituted the use of fingerprints on contracts and deeds to prevent the then - rampant repudiation of signatures and he registered government pensioners ' fingerprints to prevent the collection of money by relatives after a pensioner 's death . Herschel also fingerprinted prisoners upon sentencing to prevent various frauds that were attempted in order to avoid serving a prison sentence .


In section , the retina is no more than 0.5 mm thick . It has three layers of nerve cells and two of synapses , including the unique ribbon synapse . The optic nerve carries the ganglion cell axons to the brain , and the blood vessels that supply the retina . The ganglion cells lie innermost in the eye while the photoreceptive cells lie beyond . Because of this counter-intuitive arrangement , light must first pass through and around the ganglion cells and through the thickness of the retina , ( including its capillary vessels , not shown ) before reaching the rods and cones . Light is absorbed by the retinal pigment epithelium or the choroid ( both of which are opaque ) .


Its hardware contains similarities to the LG G2 ; it is powered by a 2.26 GHz quad - core Snapdragon 800 processor with 2 GB of RAM , either 16 or 32 GB of internal storage , and a 2300 mAh battery . The Nexus 5 uses a 4.95 - inch ( marketed as 5 - inch ) 445 PPI 1080p IPS display , and includes an 8 - megapixel rear - facing camera with optical image stabilization ( OIS ) , and a 1.3 - megapixel front - facing camera . The Nexus 5 supports LTE networks where available , unlike the Nexus 4 which unofficially supported LTE on AWS Band 4 only with a hidden software option , but was not formally approved or marketed for any LTE use . There are two variants of the Nexus 5 , with varying support for cellular frequency bands ; one is specific to North America ( LG - D820 ) , and the other is designed for the rest of the world ( LG - D821 ) .


`` God Gave Rock and Roll to You '' is a 1973 song by the British band Argent and covered by both Petra , in 1977 and 1984 , and Kiss in 1991 , both with modified lyrics .


A turlough , or turlach , is a type of disappearing lake found mostly in limestone areas of Ireland , west of the River Shannon . The name comes from the Irish tuar , meaning `` dry '' , with the suffix - lach , meaning `` a place '' ( in an abstract sense ) . The - lach suffix is often mistakenly spelled and / or thought to refer to the word loch , the Irish , Scottish Gaelic and Scots word for `` lake '' . The landforms are found in Irish karst ( exposed limestone ) areas .


The film was produced by Allspark Pictures and DHX Media , using traditional animation created with Toon Boom Harmony . It premiered in New York City on September 24 , 2017 , and was released on October 6 , 2017 in the United States and Canada through Lionsgate . The film received mixed reviews from critics and has grossed over $52 million worldwide .


  # 	  Episode 	  Written by 	  Airdate 	  Production Code

  14 	  `` Skeleton King '' 	  Henry Gilroy 	  02 / 06 / 2005 	  201

 With only Gibson and a half damaged Super Robot , Chiro must mount a rescue against the Citadel of Bone to save the Hyperforce from tortuous brainwashing by Mandarin and Sakko . As Chiro and Gibson explore the citadel 's nightmarish interior they discover secrets of Chiro 's past as well as a secret of Skeleton King himself . Can Chiro harness the Power Primate , free his friends , and defeat Skeleton King before he unleashes a wave of evil on Shuggazoom ?

  15 	  `` World of Giants '' 	  Kevin Hopps & Tom Hart 	  02 / 12 / 2005 	  202

 When Sparx says that Tolomac 3 is just another piece of rock floating in space , he could n't be more wrong . It turns out that there 's an entire kingdom of giants living there , and they 've mistaken the Super Robot for one of their own . Sparx decides to take advantage of the situation and pose as a knight , but the Robot is losing power , and unless the team can find the nearby energy source , they 'll be stuck there for good ! But there 's one who does n't want them to leave - he wants to get rid of this `` square - headed knight '' himself ... But do n't forget the new `` girlfriend '' Sparx gets while he 's there .

 Guest : Rip Taylor as King of Giants

  16 	  `` The Lords of Soturix 7 '' 	  Brandon Auman 	  02 / 19 / 2005 	  203

 Responding to a distress call , the Super Robot crash lands on Soturix 7 . To make things worse , an energy field around the planet has shorted out the robot , Chiro 's powers , AND the minds of the rest of the Monkey Team ! Now Chiro must brave Skurgg 's sadistic games , survive the desert , and reclaim his friends ... and his only hope is to connect with the Power Primate on an entirely new level .

 Guest : Wil Wheaton as Skurgg

  17 	  `` In the Grip of Evil '' 	  Brandon Auman 	  02 / 25 / 2005 	  204

 It all started with the nightmares . But nobody could 've predicted how much more they would soon become . The team is whisked away to a strange dream world dream world where all their hopes , fears , and memories are seemingly reality - including Skeleton King . The monkeys are about to discover something they thought they 'd all forgotten . But memories can never completely fade ...

  18 	  `` Versus Chiro '' 	  Brandon Auman 	  03 / 05 / 2005 	  205

 It was just an ordinary day of training - until Chiro 's head blew off ! It turns out to be a Formless clone , and the monkeys are on a wild chase around the city to find the real one . Meanwhile , the real Chiro is held hostage at Mandarin 's fortress . It wo n't be easy to escape - there are deformed clones at every corner ! Can the monkeys rescue Chiro in time ?

  19 	  `` Shadow Over Shuggazoom '' 	  Henry Gilroy & Kevin Hopps 	  03 / 12 / 2005 	  206

 Skeleton King plants an eye monster in the waters of Shuggazoom . The monster grows , then attacks all the citizens . When someone look into its gigantic eye , they become mind - controlled zombies . It also controls Sparx , Gibson , Nova and Otto ! Only Chiro and Antauri , and two other kids , BT and Glenny resist the spell only for Glenny to get attacked and bitten by Otto and Nova , while Antauri and BT looks into its eye turning them into zombies . But soon enough , Chiro is the only one left . Can Chiro stop the monster and save all the citizens


Nala is a fictional lioness , a character who appears in the Disney Lion King franchise . Introduced in the animated film The Lion King in 1994 , Nala subsequently appears as a less prominent character in the film 's sequels The Lion King II : Simba 's Pride ( 1998 ) and The Lion King 11⁄2 ( 2004 ) . In the original film , the adult Nala was voiced by American actress Moira Kelly . Young Nala 's speaking voice is provided by actress Niketa Calame , while singers Laura Williams and Sally Dworsky provide the singing voices of young and adult Nala respectively .


Maia Harumi Shibutani was born on July 20 , 1994 , in New York City . She is the daughter of Chris Shibutani and Naomi Uyemura , both of Japanese descent , who met as Harvard musicians . She has an older brother , Alex Shibutani , who competes with her as her partner in the discipline of Ice Dance . She started figure skating at the age of 4 in 1998 in Old Greenwich , Connecticut , where she was a student at Greenwich Academy in Greenwich , Connecticut .


 Viceroyalty of New Spain ( 1535 -- 1821 )

 Las Californias

 Nuevo Reino de León

 Nuevo Santander

 Nueva Vizcaya

 Santa Fe de Nuevo México

 Nueva Extremadura

 Nueva Galicia

 Captaincy General of Guatemala


Tensions erupted into battle between Patriot militia and British regulars when the king 's army attempted to capture and destroy Colonial military supplies at Lexington and Concord on April 19 , 1775 . The conflict then developed into a global war , during which the Patriots ( and later their French , Spanish , and Dutch allies ) fought the British and Loyalists in what became known as the American Revolutionary War ( 1775 -- 83 ) . Each of the thirteen colonies formed a Provincial Congress that assumed power from the old colonial governments and suppressed Loyalism , and from there they built a Continental Army under the leadership of General George Washington . The Continental Congress determined King George 's rule to be tyrannical and infringing the colonists ' rights as Englishmen , and they declared the colonies free and independent states on July 2 , 1776 . The Patriot leadership professed the political philosophies of liberalism and republicanism to reject monarchy and aristocracy , and they proclaimed that all men are created equal .


Beginning with the 1492 arrival of Christopher Columbus in the Caribbean and continuing control of vast territory for over three centuries , the Spanish Empire would expand across the Caribbean Islands , half of South America , most of Central America and much of North America ( including present day Mexico , Florida and the Southwestern and Pacific Coastal regions of the United States ) . It is estimated that during the colonial period ( 1492 -- 1832 ) , a total of 1.86 million Spaniards settled in the Americas and a further 3.5 million immigrated during the post-colonial era ( 1850 -- 1950 ) ; the estimate is 250,000 in the 16th century , and most during the 18th century as immigration was encouraged by the new Bourbon Dynasty .


AirAsia X is the medium and long - haul operation of the brand AirAsia , which is Asia 's largest low - cost carrier . The franchise is able to keep costs down by using a common ticketing system , aircraft livery , employee uniforms , and management style .


  My Little Pony : The Movie

  Theatrical release poster

  Directed by 	  Jayson Thiessen

  Produced by

 Brian Goldner

 Stephen Davis

 Marcia Gwendolyn Jones

 Haven Alexander

  Screenplay by

 Meghan McCarthy

 Rita Hsiao

 Michael Vogel

  Story by

 Meghan McCarthy

 Joe Ballarini

  Based on 	  My Little Pony : Friendship Is Magic by Lauren Faust

  Starring

 Uzo Aduba

 Ashleigh Ball

 Emily Blunt

 Kristin Chenoweth

 Taye Diggs

 Andrea Libman

 Michael Peña

 Zoe Saldana

 Liev Schreiber

 Sia

 Tabitha St. Germain

 Tara Strong

 Cathy Weseluck

  Music by 	  Daniel Ingram

  Cinematography 	  Anthony Di Ninno

  Edited by 	  Braden Oberson

  Production company

 Allspark Pictures

 DHX Media

  Distributed by 	  Lionsgate

  Release date

 September 24 , 2017 ( 2017 - 09 - 24 ) ( New York City )

 October 6 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 06 ) ( United States and Canada )

  Running time 	  99 minutes

  Country

 United States

 Canada

  Language 	  English

  Box office 	  $52.3 million


Principal photography for Wake in Fright took place in Broken Hill and Sydney . Beginning on March 5 , 2017 , the shoot lasted five weeks .


Jack Gleeson ( born 20 May 1992 ) is an Irish former actor , best known for his portrayal of Joffrey Baratheon in the HBO television series Game of Thrones .


The Rivingtons followed up their 1962 Billboard Hot 100 hit `` Papa - Oom - Mow - Mow '' with the similar `` The Bird 's the Word '' in 1963 . The Trashmen had not heard this version but saw a band called The Sorensen Brothers playing it . They decided to play the song that night at their own gig . During this first performance , drummer and vocalist Steve Wahrer stopped playing and ad - libbed the `` Surfin ' Bird '' middle section . Despite not knowing `` The Bird 's the Word '' was a Rivingtons song , the similarity to `` Papa - Oom - Mow - Mow '' was obvious and The Trashmen added the chorus to the end of their new track .


The musical debuted on July 8 , 1997 in Minneapolis , Minnesota at the Orpheum Theatre and was an instant success before premiering on Broadway at the New Amsterdam Theater on October 15 , 1997 in many previews with the official opening on November 13 , 1997 . On June 13 , 2006 , the Broadway production moved to the Minskoff Theatre to make way for the musical version of Mary Poppins , where it is still running after more than 6,700 performances . It is Broadway 's third longest - running show in history and the highest grossing Broadway production of all time , having grossed more than $1 billion .


 Serial ATA ( SATA )

  Year created 	  2000

  Supersedes 	  Parallel ATA ( PATA )

  Speed 	  1.5 , 3.0 , 6.0 and 16 Gbit / s

  Style 	  Serial

  Hotplugging interface 	  Yes

  External interface 	  Optional ( eSATA )


The show itself was shot within Whitby , Scarborough , City of Bradford and the North Riding of Yorkshire , and stars of The Royal included Ian Carmichael , Wendy Craig , Robert Daws , and Amy Robbins . The show itself generated its own spin - off , entitled The Royal Today , which used the same settings but in the present day .


Ted travels to Tolketna to claim his inheritance from Lucy : seven Siberian Huskies and a Border Collie named Nana . In Tolketna , he discovers his roots . Totally out of his element , Ted experiences challenges he has never dreamed of : blizzards , thin ice , foxes , skunks , bears , an intimidating , crusty old mountain man named James `` Thunder Jack '' Johnson , and the aggressive , defiant lead dog , Demon . All of this happens with the buzzing excitement of the Arctic Challenge Sled Dog Race , which is only two weeks away .


Title Winner : LAAB Crew From Team Sherif


The Vampire Diaries , a 40 minute American supernatural drama , was officially renewed by The CW for a full 22 - episode season on February 16 , 2010 . The first episode premiered on September 9 , 2010 , at 8 p.m. ET . The season picks up immediately after the events of the season one finale . All the series regulars returned . Season two focuses on the return of Elena Gilbert 's ( Nina Dobrev ) doppelgänger , Katherine Pierce , the introduction of werewolves , the sun and moon curse , and the arrival of the original vampires. Tyler Lockwood 's ( Michael Trevino ) uncle , Mason Lockwood ( Taylor Kinney ) , arrives in town searching for the moonstone , a family heirloom. Tyler later learns of his family 's werewolf curse . Meanwhile , Caroline Forbes ( Candice Accola ) is killed by Katherine while having Damon Salvatore 's ( Ian Somerhalder ) blood in her system , turning her into a vampire . The arrival of the original vampires , Elijah ( Daniel Gillies ) and Klaus Mikaelson ( Joseph Morgan ) , also bring about complications . Klaus is a vampire - werewolf hybrid , but his werewolf side had been forced into dormancy by witches , as nature would not stand for such an imbalance in power . Therefore , Klaus arrives in town with plans to break the curse and unleash his werewolf side by channelling the power of the full moon into the moonstone , sacrificing a vampire and a werewolf , and drinking the blood of the doppelgänger . The season is currently on air in Urdu on filmax channel in Pakistan . It became available on DVD and Blu - ray on August 30 , 2011 .


In the 15th and 16th centuries , the Ottoman Empire entered a period of expansion . The Empire prospered under the rule of a line of committed and effective Sultans . It also flourished economically due to its control of the major overland trade routes between Europe and Asia .


  Date 	  City 	  Country 	  Venue

  14 February 1972 	  Singapore 	  Singapore 	  Unknown

  16 February 1972 	  Perth 	  Australia 	  Subiaco Oval

  18 February 1972 	  Adelaide 	  Memorial Drive Park

  19 February 1972

  20 February 1972 	  Melbourne 	  Kooyong Stadium

  25 February 1972 	  Auckland 	  New Zealand 	  Western Springs Stadium

  27 February 1972 	  Sydney 	  Australia 	  Sydney Showground

  29 February 1972 	  Brisbane 	  Brisbane Festival Hall


The Pledge of Allegiance of the United States is an expression of allegiance to the Flag of the United States and the republic of the United States of America . It was originally composed by Captain George Thatcher Balch , a Union Army Officer during the Civil War and later a teacher of patriotism in New York City schools . The form of the pledge used today was largely devised by Francis Bellamy in 1892 , and formally adopted by Congress as the pledge in 1942 . The official name of The Pledge of Allegiance was adopted in 1945 . The most recent alteration of its wording came on Flag Day in 1954 , when the words `` under God '' were added .


 Title Winner : LAAB Crew From Team Sherif

 1st Runner - up : ADS kids From Team Sherif

 2nd Runner - up : Bipin and Princy From Team Jeffery

 3rd Runner - up : Ashwin Scott From Team Jeffery

 Consolation Prize : o2 From Sandy Team


  School 	  Championships

  Princeton 	  28

  Yale 	  27

  Alabama 	  22

  Notre Dame 	  22

  Oklahoma 	  17

  USC 	  17

  Michigan 	  16

  Ohio State 	  16

  Harvard 	  12

  Nebraska 	  11

  Pittsburgh 	  11

  Miami ( FL ) 	  9

  Minnesota 	  9

  Texas 	  9

  Florida State 	  8

  LSU 	  8

  Georgia Tech 	  7

  Penn State 	  7

  Tennessee 	  7

  Georgia 	  6

  Michigan State 	  6

  Penn 	  6

  Iowa 	  5

  Army 	  5

  Auburn 	  5

  California 	  5

  Cornell 	  5

  Florida 	  5

  Illinois 	  5

  Washington

  Lafayette

  Ole Miss

  SMU

  TCU

  Texas A&M

  Arizona State

  Arkansas

  Chicago

  Clemson

  Maryland

  Missouri

  Oklahoma State

  Stanford

  BYU

  Centre

  Colgate

  Colorado

  Columbia

  Dartmouth

  Detroit

  Kentucky

  Navy

  Purdue

  Rutgers

  Syracuse

  UCF

  UCLA

  Utah

  Washington & Jefferson

  Wisconsin


Generally more expensive than ferrous metals , non-ferrous metals are used because of desirable properties such as low weight ( e.g. aluminium ) , higher conductivity ( e.g. copper ) , non-magnetic property or resistance to corrosion ( e.g. zinc ) . Some non-ferrous materials are also used in the iron and steel industries . For example , bauxite is used as flux for blast furnaces , while others such as wolframite , pyrolusite and chromite are used in making ferrous alloys .


Two versions of this prayer are recorded : the long form in the Gospel of Matthew in the middle of the Sermon on the Mount , and the short form in the Gospel of Luke when `` one of his disciples said to him , ' Lord , teach us to pray , as John taught his disciples . ' ''


The Burning Maze is the third book in the series . It is scheduled to be released on May 1 , 2018 .


  The Lion King

  Broadway promotional poster

  Music 	  Elton John

  Lyrics 	  Tim Rice

  Book 	  Roger Allers Irene Mecchi

  Basis 	  The Lion King by Walt Disney Animation Studios

  Productions 	  1997 Minneapolis 1997 Broadway 1998 Tokyo 1999 Japan National Tour 1999 West End 2000 Toronto 2000 Los Angeles 2001 Hamburg 2002 1st US National Tour 2003 2nd US National Tour 2003 Sydney 2004 The Hague 2006 Shanghai 2006 Seoul 2007 Johannesburg 2007 Paris 2008 Taipei 2009 Las Vegas 2011 Singapore 2011 Madrid 2012 UK National Tour 2013 São Paulo 2013 Sydney 2015 Basel 2015 Mexico City 2016 Shanghai 2016 The Hague 2018 International Tour 2019 Antarctica

  Awards 	  Tony Award for Best Musical


  The Wizard of Oz

  Theatrical release poster

  Directed by

 Victor Fleming

 King Vidor

 George Cukor

 Richard Thorpe

 Norman Taurog

  Produced by 	  Mervyn LeRoy

  Screenplay by

 Noel Langley

 Florence Ryerson

 Edgar Allan Woolf

  Based on 	  The Wonderful Wizard of Oz by L. Frank Baum

  Starring

 Judy Garland

 Frank Morgan

 Ray Bolger

 Bert Lahr

 Jack Haley

 Billie Burke

 Margaret Hamilton

 Charley Grapewin

  Music by 	  Herbert Stothart

  Cinematography 	  Harold Rosson

  Edited by 	  Blanche Sewell

  Production company 	  Metro - Goldwyn - Mayer

  Distributed by 	  Loew 's , Inc .

  Release date

 August 25 , 1939 ( 1939 - 08 - 25 )

  Running time 	  101 minutes

  Country 	  United States

  Language 	  English

  Budget 	  $2.8 million

  Box office

 $3 million ( original release )

 $23.3 million ( unadjusted , re-releases )


The Wizard of Oz is a 1939 American musical fantasy film produced by Metro - Goldwyn - Mayer . Widely considered to be one of the greatest films in cinema history , it is the best - known and most commercially successful adaptation of L. Frank Baum 's 1900 children 's book , The Wonderful Wizard of Oz . It was directed primarily by Victor Fleming ( who left production to take over direction on the troubled Gone with the Wind production ) . It stars Judy Garland as Dorothy Gale , alongside Ray Bolger , Jack Haley , Bert Lahr , Frank Morgan , Billie Burke and Margaret Hamilton , with Charley Grapewin , Pat Walshe and Clara Blandick , Terry ( billed as Toto ) , and the Singer Midgets as the Munchkins .


In 1911 , the House of Representatives passed House Joint Resolution 39 proposing a constitutional amendment for direct election of senators . The original resolution passed by the House contained the following clause :


<Table> <Tr> <Th> Period </Th> <Th> Country Name </Th> <Th> Time Frame </Th> <Th> Boundary </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Hồng Bàng dynasty </Td> <Td> Xích Quỷ 赤 鬼 </Td> <Td> 2879 -- 2524 BC </Td> <Td> Stretching from Dongting Lake ( Hunan ) to the southernmost area now called Quảng Trị , including the Guangxi and Guangdong provinces of China . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Hồng Bàng dynasty </Td> <Td> Văn Lang 文郎 </Td> <Td> 2524 -- 258 BC </Td> <Td> Territory reduced to modern Northern Vietnam including the three modern provinces of Thanh Hóa , Nghệ An , Hà Tĩnh . The Red River Delta is the home of the Lạc Việt culture . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Thục dynasty </Td> <Td> Âu Lạc 甌 雒 </Td> <Td> 257 -- 207 BC </Td> <Td> Red River Delta and its adjoining north and west mountain regions . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Triệu dynasty </Td> <Td> Nam Việt 南越 </Td> <Td> 207 -- 111 BC </Td> <Td> North and north - central of Vietnam ( southern border expanded down to the Hoành Sơn Range ) , Guangdong , and Guangxi . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Han Domination </Td> <Td> Giao Chỉ ( Jiaozhi ) 交趾 </Td> <Td> 111 BC -- 39 AD </Td> <Td> Present - day north and north - central of Vietnam ( southern border expanded down to the Ma River and Cả River delta ) , Guangdong , and Guangxi . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Trưng Sisters </Td> <Td> Lĩnh Nam 嶺南 </Td> <Td> 40 -- 43 </Td> <Td> Present - day north and north - central of Vietnam ( southern border expanded down to the Ma River and Cả River delta ) . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Han to Eastern Wu Domination </Td> <Td> Giao Chỉ 交趾 </Td> <Td> 43 -- 229 </Td> <Td> Present - day north and north - central of Vietnam ( southern border expanded down to the Ma River and Cả River delta ) , Guangdong , and Guangxi . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Eastern Wu to Liang Domination </Td> <Td> Giao Châu ( Jiaozhou ) 交州 </Td> <Td> 229 -- 544 </Td> <Td> Same as above </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Early Lý dynasty </Td> <Td> Vạn Xuân 萬 春 </Td> <Td> 544 -- 602 </Td> <Td> Same as above </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Sui to Tang Domination </Td> <Td> Giao Châu 交趾 </Td> <Td> 602 -- 679 </Td> <Td> Same as above </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Tang Domination </Td> <Td> An Nam 安南 </Td> <Td> 679 -- 757 </Td> <Td> Same as above </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Tang Domination </Td> <Td> Trấn Nam 鎮 南 </Td> <Td> 757 -- 766 </Td> <Td> Same as above </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Tang Domination </Td> <Td> An Nam 安南 </Td> <Td> 766 -- 866 </Td> <Td> Same as above </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Tang Domination , Autonomy ( Khúc clan , Dương Đình Nghệ , and Kiều Công Tiễn ) , Ngô dynasty </Td> <Td> Tĩnh Hải quân 静 海军 </Td> <Td> 866 -- 967 </Td> <Td> Same as above </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Đinh , Early Lê and Lý dynasty </Td> <Td> Đại Cồ Việt 大 瞿 越 </Td> <Td> 968 -- 1054 </Td> <Td> Same as above </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Lý and Trần dynasty </Td> <Td> Đại Việt 大越 </Td> <Td> 1054 -- 1400 </Td> <Td> Southern border expanded down to present - day Huế area . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Hồ dynasty </Td> <Td> Đại Ngu 大 虞 </Td> <Td> 1400 -- 1407 </Td> <Td> Same as above </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Ming Domination and Later Trần dynasty </Td> <Td> Giao Chỉ 交州 </Td> <Td> 1407 -- 1427 </Td> <Td> Same as above </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Lê , Mạc , Trịnh -- Nguyễn lords , Tây Sơn dynasty , Nguyễn dynasty </Td> <Td> Đại Việt </Td> <Td> 1428 -- 1804 大越 </Td> <Td> Gradually expanded to the boundary of present - day Vietnam . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Nguyễn dynasty </Td> <Td> Việt Nam 越南 </Td> <Td> 1804 -- 1839 </Td> <Td> Present - day Vietnam plus some occupied territories in Laos and Cambodia . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Nguyễn dynasty </Td> <Td> Đại Nam 大 南 </Td> <Td> 1839 -- 1887 </Td> <Td> Same as above </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Nguyễn dynasty and French Protectorate </Td> <Td> French Indochina , consisting of Cochinchina ( southern Vietnam ) , Annam ( central Vietnam ) , Tonkin ( northern Vietnam ) </Td> <Td> 1887 -- 1945 </Td> <Td> Present - day Vietnam . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Republican Era </Td> <Td> Việt Nam ( with variances such as Democratic Republic , State of Vietnam , Republic of Vietnam , Socialist Republic ) </Td> <Td> Democratic Republic of Vietnam ( 1945 --


  History of Vietnam

  2879 -- 258 BC 	  Hồng Bàng dynasty

  2879 -- 1913 BC 	  Early Hồng Bàng

  1912 -- 1055 BC 	  Mid Hồng Bàng

  1054 -- 258 BC 	  Late Hồng Bàng

  257 -- 179 BC 	  Thục dynasty

  207 -- 111 BC 	  Triệu dynasty

  111 BC -- 40 AD 	  1st Chinese domination

  40 -- 43 	  Trưng Sisters

  43 -- 544 	  2nd Chinese domination

  544 -- 602 	  Early Lý dynasty

  602 -- 938 	  3rd Chinese domination

  939 -- 967 	  Ngô dynasty

  968 -- 980 	  Đinh dynasty

  980 -- 1009 	  Early Lê dynasty

  1009 -- 1225 	  Later Lý dynasty

  1225 -- 1400 	  Trần dynasty

  1400 -- 1407 	  Hồ dynasty

  1407 -- 1427 	  4th Chinese domination

  1407 -- 1413 	  Later Trần dynasty

  1428 -- 1788 	  Later Lê dynasty

  1527 -- 1592 	  Mạc dynasty

  1545 -- 1787 	  Trịnh lords

  1558 -- 1777 	  Nguyễn lords

  1778 -- 1802 	  Tây Sơn dynasty

  1802 -- 1945 	  Nguyễn dynasty

  1858 -- 1954 	  French Indochina

  1945 	  Empire of Vietnam

  From 1945 	  Republic

  1945 -- 1976 	  North Vietnam ( Democratic Republic of Vietnam )

  1955 -- 1975 	  South Vietnam ( Republic of Vietnam )

  1975 -- 1976 	  Viet Cong - occupied South Vietnam

  From 1976 	  Unification of Vietnam

  Further subjects ( hide )

 Champa dynasties ( 192 -- 1832 )

 Funan ( 68 -- 550 )

 Chenla ( 550 -- 802 )

 Historical capitals

 Prehistoric and ancient cultures

 List of monarchs

 Country 's names

 Economic history

 Military history


The Senate Majority and Minority Leaders are two United States Senators and members of the party leadership of the United States Senate . These leaders serve as the chief Senate spokespeople for the political parties respectively holding the majority and the minority in the United States Senate , and manage and schedule the legislative and executive business of the Senate . They are elected to their positions in the Senate by their respective party caucuses , the Senate Democratic Caucus and the Senate Republican Conference .


Raúl Eduardo Esparza ( born October 24 , 1970 ) is an American stage and television actor , singer , and voice artist , best known for his role as New York Assistant District Attorney ( ADA ) Rafael Barba in Law & Order : Special Victims Unit . He has received Tony nominations for his role as Philip Salon in the Boy George musical Taboo in 2004 ; Robert , an empty man devoid of connection in the musical comedy Company in 2006 ; a lazy and snarky man in Harold Pinter 's The Homecoming ; and an aggressive volatile movie producer in David Mamet 's Speed the Plow . He played the role of Riff Raff on Broadway in the revival of The Rocky Horror Show and the role of Caractacus Potts in the Broadway musical Chitty Chitty Bang Bang .


Important non-ferrous metals include aluminium , copper , lead , nickel , tin , titanium and zinc , and alloys such as brass . Precious metals such as gold , silver and platinum and exotic or rare metals such as cobalt , mercury , tungsten , beryllium , bismuth , cerium , cadmium , niobium , indium , gallium , germanium , lithium , selenium , tantalum , tellurium , vanadium , and zirconium are also non-ferrous . They are usually obtained through minerals such as sulfides , carbonates , and silicates . Non-ferrous metals are usually refined through electrolysis .


Tosca ( Italian pronunciation : ( ˈtoska ; ˈtɔska ) ) is an opera in three acts by Giacomo Puccini to an Italian libretto by Luigi Illica and Giuseppe Giacosa . It premiered at the Teatro Costanzi in Rome on 14 January 1900 . The work , based on Victorien Sardou 's 1887 French - language dramatic play , La Tosca , is a melodramatic piece set in Rome in June 1800 , with the Kingdom of Naples 's control of Rome threatened by Napoleon 's invasion of Italy . It contains depictions of torture , murder and suicide , as well as some of Puccini 's best - known lyrical arias .


Kal Ho Naa Ho ( Hindi : कल हो ना हो , English : Tomorrow May Never Come ) is a Hindi song from the 2003 Hindi film Kal Ho Naa Ho directed by Nikhil Advani . The song is one of the most popular Hindi film songs all time . The song was composed by Shankar - Ehsaan - Loy with lyrics penned by Javed Akhtar and sung by Sonu Nigam . It quickly became popular upon release . There is also a sad version of the song in the film on which Sonu Nigam is joined by Alka Yagnik and Richa Sharma .


With Sauron 's assistance , the Elven - smiths forged the Rings of Power , which conferred great power upon their bearers . He then secretly forged the One Ring in the volcanic Mount Doom in Mordor . This `` One Ring to rule them all '' had the power to dominate the other Rings and enslave their wearers to Sauron 's will . The Rings of Power were extremely potent , however ; to create an instrument that could dominate even them , Sauron was forced to transfer a great part of his native power into it . Yet `` while he wore it , his power on earth was actually enhanced '' .


<Table> <Tr> <Th> School </Th> <Th> Claimed national championships </Th> <Th> Seasons </Th> <Th> Source </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Princeton </Td> <Td> 28 </Td> <Td> 1869 , 1870 , 1872 , 1873 , 1874 , 1875 , 1877 , 1878 , 1879 , 1880 , 1881 , 1884 , 1885 , 1886 , 1889 , 1893 , 1894 , 1896 , 1898 , 1899 , 1903 , 1906 , 1911 , 1920 , 1922 , 1933 , 1935 , 1950 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Yale </Td> <Td> 27 </Td> <Td> 1872 , 1874 , 1876 , 1877 , 1879 , 1880 , 1881 , 1882 , 1883 , 1884 , 1886 , 1887 , 1888 , 1891 , 1892 , 1893 , 1894 , 1895 , 1897 , 1900 , 1901 , 1902 , 1905 , 1906 , 1907 , 1909 , 1927 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Alabama </Td> <Td> 17 </Td> <Td> 1925 , 1926 , 1930 , 1934 , 1941 , 1961 , 1964 , 1965 , 1973 , 1978 , 1979 , 1992 , 2009 , 2011 , 2012 , 2015 , 2017 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Michigan </Td> <Td> 11 </Td> <Td> 1901 , 1902 , 1903 , 1904 , 1918 , 1923 , 1932 , 1933 , 1947 , 1948 , 1997 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Notre Dame </Td> <Td> 11 </Td> <Td> 1924 , 1929 , 1930 , 1943 , 1946 , 1947 , 1949 , 1966 , 1973 , 1977 , 1988 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> USC </Td> <Td> 11 </Td> <Td> 1928 , 1931 , 1932 , 1939 , 1962 , 1967 , 1972 , 1974 , 1978 , 2003 , 2004 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Pittsburgh </Td> <Td> 9 </Td> <Td> 1915 , 1916 , 1918 , 1929 , 1931 , 1934 , 1936 , 1937 , 1976 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Ohio State </Td> <Td> 8 </Td> <Td> 1942 , 1954 , 1957 , 1961 , 1968 , 1970 , 2002 , 2014 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Harvard </Td> <Td> 7 </Td> <Td> 1890 , 1898 , 1899 , 1910 , 1912 , 1913 , 1919 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Minnesota </Td> <Td> 7 </Td> <Td> 1904 , 1934 , 1935 , 1936 , 1940 , 1941 , 1960 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Oklahoma </Td> <Td> 7 </Td> <Td> 1950 , 1955 , 1956 , 1974 , 1975 , 1985 , 2000 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Penn </Td> <Td> 7 </Td> <Td> 1894 , 1895 , 1897 , 1904 , 1907 , 1908 , 1924 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Michigan State </Td> <Td> 6 </Td> <Td> 1951 , 1952 , 1955 , 1957 , 1965 , 1966 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Tennessee </Td> <Td> 6 </Td> <Td> 1938 , 1940 , 1950 , 1951 , 1967 , 1998 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> California </Td> <Td> 5 </Td> <Td> 1920 , 1921 , 1922 , 1923 , 1937 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Cornell </Td> <Td> 5 </Td> <Td> 1915 , 1921 , 1922 , 1923 , 1939 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Illinois </Td> <Td> 5 </Td> <Td> 1914 , 1919 , 1923 , 1927 , 1951 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Miami ( FL ) </Td> <Td> 5 </Td> <Td> 1983 , 1987 , 1989 , 1991 , 2001 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Nebraska </Td> <Td> 5 </Td> <Td> 1970 , 1971 , 1994 , 1995 , 1997 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Georgia Tech </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1917 , 1928 , 1952 , 1990 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Iowa </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1921 , 1956 , 1958 , 1960 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Texas </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1963 , 1969 , 1970 , 2005 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Washington </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1960 , 1984 , 1990 , 1991 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Army </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1944 , 1945 , 1946 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Florida </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1996 , 2006 , 2008 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Florida State </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1993 , 1999 , 2013 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Lafayette </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1896 , 1921 , 1926 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> LSU </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1958 , 2003 , 2007 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Ole Miss </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1959 , 1960 , 1962 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> SMU </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1935 , 1981 , 1982 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Texas A&M </Td> <Td> </Td>


AM 5778 began at sunset on 20 September 2017 and will end at sunset on 9 September 2018 .


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The Gupta Empire produced large numbers of gold coins depicting the Gupta kings performing various rituals , as well as silver coins clearly influenced by those of the earlier Western Satraps by Chandragupta II .


Eurasian brown bear -- c. 1000 AD


  Philadelphia , Pennsylvania

  Consolidated city - county

  City of Philadelphia

  Clockwise from top : Philadelphia skyline ( 2015 ) ; City Hall ; Elfreth 's Alley ; paifang in Chinatown ; Ben Franklin Bridge ; SS United States at Port of Philadelphia ; College Hall at Penn ; Museum of Art ; Liberty Bell and Independence Hall

  Flag 	  Seal

  Etymology : Ancient Greek : φίλος phílos ( beloved , dear ) and ἀδελφός adelphós ( brother , brotherly )

  Nickname ( s ) : `` Philly '' , `` City of Brotherly Love '' , `` The Athens of America '' more ...

  Motto ( s ) : `` Philadelphia maneto '' ( `` Let brotherly love endure '' or `` ... continue '' )

  Location of Philadelphia in Philadelphia County , Pennsylvania .

  Philadelphia Location in the United States Philadelphia Philadelphia ( the US ) Show map of Pennsylvania Show map of the US Show all

  Coordinates : 40 ° 00 ′ 34 '' N 75 ° 08 ′ 00 '' W  /  40.009376 ° N 75.133346 ° W  / 40.009376 ; - 75.133346 Coordinates : 40 ° 00 ′ 34 '' N 75 ° 08 ′ 00 '' W  /  40.009376 ° N 75.133346 ° W  / 40.009376 ; - 75.133346

  Country 	  United States

  Commonwealth 	  Pennsylvania

  County 	  Philadelphia

  Historic countries 	  Kingdom of England Kingdom of Great Britain

  Historic colony 	  Province of Pennsylvania

  Founded 	  October 27 , 1682

  Incorporated 	  October 25 , 1701

  Founded by 	  William Penn

  Government

  Type 	  Mayor -- Council

  Body 	  Philadelphia City Council

  Mayor 	  Jim Kenney ( D )

  Area

  Consolidated city - county 	  142.71 sq mi ( 369.62 km )

  Land 	  134.18 sq mi ( 347.52 km )

  Water 	  8.53 sq mi ( 22.09 km )

  Elevation 	  39 ft ( 12 m )

  Population ( 2016 )

  Consolidated city - county 	  1,567,872

  Estimate ( 2016 ) 	  1,567,872

  Rank 	  US : 6th

  Density 	  11,685.02 / sq mi ( 4,511.61 / km )

  Metro 	  6,069,875 ( US : 7th )

  CSA 	  7,183,479 ( US : 8th )

  Demonym 	  Philadelphian

  Time zone 	  EST ( UTC - 5 )

  Summer ( DST ) 	  EDT ( UTC - 4 )

  ZIP code 	  19092 - 19093 , 19099 , 191xx

  Area code ( s ) 	  215 , 267 , 445

  FIPS code 	  42 - 60000

  GNIS feature ID 	  1215531

  Website 	  www.phila.gov


Carlos Alan Autry Jr. ( also known for a period of time as Carlos Brown ; born July 31 , 1952 ) , is an American actor , politician , and former National Football League player . During his brief football career , he was known as Carlos Brown . He played the role of Captain Bubba Skinner on the NBC television series , In the Heat of the Night , starring Carroll O'Connor . He has also appeared in films and other television shows . In November 2000 , he was elected mayor of Fresno , California , and served for two four - year terms through January 2009 . In 2008 , Autry was hosting a radio news talk show on KYNO AM 940 in Fresno , but left the station in 2011 .


1708 	  	  Hatch , Orrin Orrin Hatch R -- Utah 	  January 3 , 1977 	  President pro tempore Chair : Finance


If donor hair numbers from the back of the head are insufficient , it is possible to perform body hair transplantation ( BHT ) on appropriate candidates who have available donor hair on the chest , back , shoulders , torso and / or legs . Body hair transplant surgery can only be performed by the FUE harvesting method and , so , requires the skills of an experienced FUE surgeon . However , there are several factors for a potential BHT candidate to consider prior to surgery . These include understanding the natural difference in textural characteristics between body hair and scalp hair , growth rates , and having realistic expectations about the results of BHT surgery .


  Ottoman Empire

  دولت عليه عثمانیه  Devlet - i ʿAlīye - i ʿOsmānīye The Exalted Ottoman State

  	  c. 1299 -- 1922 / 1923

  Flag ( 1844 -- 1922 ) Coat of arms ( 1882 design )

  Motto دولت ابد مدت  Devlet - i Ebed - müddet `` The Eternal State ''

  Anthem ( various ) ( during 1808 -- 1922 )

  The Ottoman Empire at its greatest extent in Europe , under Sultan Mehmed IV .

  Capital

 Söğüt

 ( c. 1299 -- 1335 )

 Bursa

 ( 1335 -- 1363 )

 Edirne

 ( 1363 -- 1453 )

 Constantinople ( present - day Istanbul )

 ( 1453 -- 1922 )

  Languages

 Ottoman Turkish ( official )

 many others

  Religion

 Sunni Islam

 Madhab : Hanafi

 Creed : Maturidi

  Government

 Absolute monarchy

 ( c. 1299 -- 1876 )

 ( 1878 -- 1908 )

 ( 1920 -- 1922 )

 Constitutional monarchy

 ( 1876 -- 1878 )

 ( 1908 -- 1920 )

  Sultan

  	  c. 1299 -- 1323 / 4 	  Osman I ( first )

  	  1918 -- 1922 	  Mehmed VI ( last )

  Caliph

  	  1512 -- 1520 	  Selim I ( first )

  	  1922 -- 1924 	  Abdülmecid II ( last )

  Grand Vizier

  	  1320 -- 1331 	  Alaeddin Pasha ( first )

  	  1920 -- 1922 	  Ahmet Tevfik Pasha ( last )

  Legislature 	  General Assembly

  	  Upper house 	  Senate

  	  Lower house 	  Chamber of Deputies

  History

  	  Founded 	  c. 1299

  	  Interregnum 	  1402 -- 1414

  	  Transformation to empire 	  1453

  	  1st Constitutional 	  1876 -- 1878

  	  2nd Constitutional 	  1908 -- 1920

  	  Raid on the Sublime Porte 	  23 January 1913

  	  Sultanate abolished 	  1 November 1922

  	  Republic of Turkey established 	  29 October 1923

  	  Caliphate abolished 	  3 March 1924

  Area

  	  1683 	  5,200,000 km ( 2,000,000 sq mi )

  	  1914 	  1,800,000 km ( 690,000 sq mi )

  Population

  	  1856 est . 	  35,350,000

  	  1906 est . 	  20,884,000

  	  1912 est . 	  24,000,000

  Currency 	  Akçe , Para , Sultani , Kuruş , Lira

  Preceded by 	  Succeeded by

  	  Sultanate of Rum

  	  Adal Sultanate

  	  Anatolian beyliks

  	  Byzantine Empire

  	  Kingdom of Bosnia

  	  Second Bulgarian Empire

  	  Serbian Despotate

  	  Kingdom of Hungary

  	  Kingdom of Croatia

  	  Mamluk Sultanate

  	  Hafsid dynasty

  	  Hospitallers of Tripolitania

  	  Kingdom of Tlemcen

  	  Empire of Trebizond


 Minister of Sport , Youth and National Service : Jerry Ekandjo ( until February 2018 ) , Erastus Utoni

 Deputy : Agnes Tjongarero


X-ray image of the chest showing the internal anatomy of the rib cage , lungs and heart as well as the inferior thoracic border -- made up of the diaphragm .


In the human body , the region of the thorax between the neck and diaphragm in the front of the body is called the chest . The corresponding area in an animal can also be referred to as the chest .


The song was written by will.i.am , apl. de. ap , Taboo , Justin Timberlake , Ron Fair , Printz Board , George Pajon , Fiona Davies M. Fratantuno , and J. Curtis , and co-produced by will.i.am and Ron Fair . In this song , The Black Eyed Peas lament on various worldwide problems . Many issues are discussed , which include but are not limited to terrorism , US government hypocrisy , racism , gang crime , pollution , war , and intolerance


The film was released by Columbia Pictures through its parental label Sony Pictures Entertainment on November 17 , 2017 in the United States . It was met with mixed reviews and has grossed $61 million worldwide . The film received a nomination for Best Original Song ( `` The Star '' ) at the 75th Golden Globe Awards .


 Arctic lemming -- c. 8000 BC

 Arctic fox - c. ( unknown )

 † Eurasian aurochs -- c. 1000 BC

 Barbary macaque - c. 30,000 BC

 † Cave bear -- c. 15,000 BC

 Coypu -- 1978 ( nonnative )

 Elk Alces alces

 Eurasian beaver -- 1526 ( reintroduced )

 Eurasian brown bear -- c. 1000 AD

 Eurasian lynx -- c . AD 400

 Grey whale -- c. 598 BC

 Eurasian wolf -- AD 1680 in Britain , AD 1786 in Ireland

 † Irish elk -- c. 6000 BC

 Narrow - headed vole -- c. 8000 BC

 Steppe pika -- c. 8000 BC

 Root vole -- c. 1500 BC

 Saiga antelope -- c. 10,000 BC

 Steppe lemming -- c. 8000 BC

 † Tarpan -- c. 7000 BC

 Walrus -- c. 1000 BC ( Occasional Visitor )

 Wild Boar -- c. 1400 ( Reintroduced )

 Wisent -- c. 3000 BC

 Wolverine -- c. 6000 BC

 † Woolly mammoth -- c. 10,000 BC

 † Woolly rhinoceros -- c. 10,000 BC

 † Cave lion -- c. 10,000 BC

 † Scimitar cat - c. 30,000 BC

 † Cave hyena - c. 11,000 BC

 † European jaguar - c. ( unknown )

 † European Ice Age leopard - c. 24,000 BC

 † European gazelle - c. ( unknown )