1 By an order of 10 November 1988, which was received at the Court on 12 December 1988, the Verwaltungsgericht ( Administrative Court ) Frankfurt am Main referred to the Court for a preliminary ruling under Article 177 of the EEC Treaty a question on the interpretation of Article 18 of Commission Regulation No 2192/82 of 6 August 1982 laying down detailed rules for the application of the special measures for peas and field beans ( Official Journal 1982, L 233, p . 5 ), as amended by Commission Regulation No 3322/82 of 10 December 1982 ( Official Journal 1982, L 351, p . 27 ).
2 That question arose during litigation concerning the refusal by the Bundesanstalt fuer landwirtschaftliche Marktordnung ( hereinafter referred to as the "the Bundesanstalt ") to grant to Oberhausener Kraftfutterwerk Wilhelm Hopermann GmbH ( hereinafter referred to as "Hopermann ") the aid provided for in Article 3 of Council Regulation ( EEC ) No 1431/82 of 18 May 1982 laying down special measures for peas and field beans ( Official Journal 1982, L 162, p . 28 ) in respect of certain quantities of peas and beans and amounting to DM 166 127 .
3 The Bundesanstalt based its refusal on the failure by Hopermann to observe the obligation, laid down in Article 18(1 ) of Regulation No 2192/82, immediately to give notice of the entry of those products into the undertaking, that notice having been given on 8 July 1983, whereas the products in question entered Hopermann' s undertaking between March and June 1983 .
4 Hopermann appealed against that decision to the Verwaltungsgericht Frankfurt am Main, which decided to stay the proceedings until the Court had given a preliminary ruling on the following question : "Is observance of the period for notification that products have entered an undertaking laid down in Article 18(1 ) of Commission Regulation ( EEC ) No 2192/82 of 6 August 1982 ( Official Journal 1982, L 233, p . 5 ) and Article 18, as amended by Commission Regulation ( EEC ) No 3322/82 of 10 December 1982 ( Official Journal 1982, L 351, p . 27 ) a condition for the grant of aid?"
5 Reference is made to the Report for the Hearing for a fuller account of the facts of the case, the course of the procedure and the written observations submitted to the Court, which are mentioned or discussed hereinafter only in so far as is necessary for the reasoning of the Court .
6 Hopermann argues in the first place that Council Regulation ( EEC ) No 2036/82 of 19 July 1982 adopting general rules concerning special measures for peas and field beans ( Official Journal 1982, L 219, p . 1 ), and in particular Article 5 thereof, does not make the grant of the aid in question subject to compliance with the obligation to give immediate notice of the entry of the products into the undertaking . Nor is that obligation provided for in Commission Regulation No 2192/82, Article 29(2 ) of which contains an exhaustive list of the conditions governing the grant of aid . Consequently, failure to observe Article 18(1 ) of Regulation No 2192/82 cannot entail the loss of entitlement to the aid in question .
7 According to the Court' s case-law, the Commission is authorized, in the exercise of the powers conferred on it by the Council with a view to implementing a common organization of the markets in the agricultural sector, to adopt all the detailed rules of application necessary for the proper functioning of the system of aid provided for, so long as they are not contrary to the basic regulation or the implementing rules of the Council ( see, most recently, the judgment of 18 January 1990 in Case C-345/88 Firma Butterabsatz (( 1990 )) ECR I-159 ). The duty of management and supervision with which the Commission is thus entrusted entails the power to fix periods and to provide for appropriate penalties for their non-observance which may go as far as the total loss of the right to aid if observance of those periods is necessary for the proper functioning of the scheme in question .
8 In that connection, it should be pointed out that compliance with the obligation at issue, namely to notify the competent agency of the entry into the undertaking of the products, at the latest on the entry thereof, provided for in Article 18(1 ) of Regulation No 2192/82 as amended by Regulation No 3322/82, is essential in order to ensure the proper functioning of the scheme of aid in question .
9 Without such notification it would be impossible to ensure the observance of Article 11(2 ) of Regulation No 2036/82 under the terms of which "the products shall be weighed and sampled when they reach the undertakings where they are actually used ." By means of that supervision, the competent national agency determines the weight of and the humidity and impurities present in the products upon which, according to paragraph 3 of that article, the amount of the aid depends .
10 It is precisely from the date of notification of the entry of the products into the undertaking that the period of 30 days, provided for in Article 18(3a ) of Regulation No 2192/82, as amended by Regulation No 3322/82, begins to run and within which the person concerned, desirous of delaying the placing under supervision of the products, must specify inter alia the quantity of products which he actually intends to place under supervision and the quantity to be removed from the undertaking .
11 Finally, since notification of the entry of the products into the undertaking is considered to constitute an application to place the products under supervision in accordance with Article 18(1 ) and ( 3a ) of Regulation No 2192/82, as amended, it makes possible observance of the period of 150 days which runs from the date of the application for placing under supervision and within which the person concerned must in fact use the products in question, in accordance with the first paragraph of Article 20 of Regulation No 2192/82 .
12 Even if Article 18(1 ) of Regulation No 2192/82, as amended by Regulation No 3322/82, does not mention the possibility of a penalty or the kind of penalty which might be imposed for failure to observe the period thus laid down, it is nevertheless clear from the general context of that provision that the consequence of a failure to observe the abovementioned period can only be loss of entitlement to the aid .
13 Hopermann argues, secondly, that non-compliance with the obligation of notification is not of such a nature as to jeopardize the objective of the aid, namely to guarantee adequate price levels to producers and to dispose of expensive vegetable products on the national market . Accordingly, it is a secondary obligation whose non-observance does not automatically entail loss of entitlement to the aid, otherwise there would be a risk of infringing the principle of proportionality .
14 On that point, the Court has consistently held that, in order to determine whether a provision of Community law is consonant with the principle of proportionality, it is necessary to establish, in the first place, whether the means it employs to achieve its aim correspond to the importance of the aim and, in the second place, whether they are necessary for its achievement ( see, in particular, the judgment of 22 January 1986 in Case 266/84 Denkavit France v Forma (( 1986 )) ECR 149, paragraph 17 ).
15 As has been stated above, the obligation to notify the competent agency at the latest upon the entry of the products into the undertaking, imposed by Article 18(1 ) of Regulation No 2192/82 as amended by Regulation No 3322/82, is essential for the proper functioning of the scheme of aids established .
16 In those circumstances, loss of entitlement to the aid, which flows from non-compliance with that obligation, is not disproportionate in relation to the objective which the Community legislature has sought to attain .
17 The reply to be given to the question raised should therefore be that compliance with the obligation laid down in Article 18(1 ) of Commission Regulation No 2192/82 of 6 August 1982 laying down detailed rules for the application of the special measures for peas and field beans, as amended by Commission Regulation No 3322/82 of 10 December 1982, is a condition for the grant of the aid provided for in Article 3 of Council Regulation No 1431/82 of 18 May 1982 laying down special measures for peas and field beans .