1. By application lodged at the Court Registry on 26 February 2002, the Commission of the European Communities brought an action under Article 226 EC for a declaration that, by failing to adopt for Northern Ireland and Wales all the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with Council Directive 98/83/EC of 3 November 1998 on the quality of water intended for human consumption (OJ 1998 L 330, p. 32; "the Directive" ) or, in any event, by failing to notify such provisions to the Commission, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland has failed to fulfil its obligations under Article 17(1) and (2) of the Directive. Legal context
2. Article 17(1) of the Directive provides that the Member States are to bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with the Directive within two years of its entry into force. Article 17(2) provides that they are to communicate to the Commission the texts of the provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by the Directive.
3. Article 18 states that the Directive "shall enter into force on the 20th day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities " . Since the Directive was published on 5 December 1998, it entered into force on 25 December 1998 and the period for implementation expired on 25 December 2000. Pre-litigation procedure
4. Since the Commission took the view that the Directive had not been fully implemented within the period prescribed, it initiated the procedure provided for in Article 226 EC. Having given the United Kingdom formal notice to submit its observations, on 18 July 2001 the Commission issued a reasoned opinion stating that the Directive had not been implemented as regards Gibraltar, Wales and Northern Ireland and called on that Member State to take the necessary measures to comply with the reasoned opinion within two months of its notification.
5. By letter of 26 September 2001, the Permanent Representation of the United Kingdom to the European Union forwarded implementing legislation for Gibraltar and stated that it would keep the Commission regularly updated on progress made towards full implementation of the Directive as regards Wales and Northern Ireland.
6. Since the Commission considered that the United Kingdom had not adopted all the measures necessary in order to implement the Directive in respect of Wales and Northern Ireland, it brought the present action. The failure to fulfil obligations
7. The Commission states that it has not been informed of adoption of the provisions needed to comply with the Directive for Wales and Northern Ireland. Since it is in possession of no other information enabling it to conclude that the United Kingdom has adopted those provisions, it assumes that the United Kingdom has not adopted them and has thus failed to fulfil its obligations under the Directive.
8. The United Kingdom indicates in respect of Wales that the Water Supply (Water Quality) Regulations 2001 were made on 7 December 2001 and entered into force on 1 January 2002.
9. As to Northern Ireland, it states that implementation of the Directive was delayed by resource constraints. That problem was resolved and public consultation on the draft regulations was completed on schedule. The regulations were to enter into force in September 2002.
10. It must be found with regard to those submissions that the United Kingdom does not deny that, on expiry of the period prescribed in the reasoned opinion, the measures needed to implement the Directive for Northern Ireland and Wales had not yet been adopted, but states that implementation is proceeding in accordance with the timetable established for that purpose and supplied to the Commission.
11. However, it is settled case-law that the question whether a Member State has failed to fulfil its obligations must be determined by reference to the situation prevailing in the Member State at the end of the period laid down in the reasoned opinion and that the Court cannot take account of any subsequent changes (see, inter alia , Case C-147/00 Commission v France [2001] ECR I-2387, paragraph 26).
12. In the present case, it has been established that no legislation implementing the Directive for Northern Ireland and Wales had been adopted on expiry of the period prescribed in the reasoned opinion.
13. Accordingly, the Commission's action must be considered well founded.
14. It must therefore be held that, by failing to adopt for Northern Ireland and Wales all the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with the Directive, the United Kingdom has failed to fulfil its obligations under Article 17(1) thereof.