theophilusowiti/AfriQuAD huggingface dataset:
FAIDA NA MADHARA YA TEKNOLOJIA KATIKA SHULE ZA SEKONDARI 
Kuzuka kwa teknolojia kumeleta faida na madhara yake. Katika shule za upili kama waziitayo shule za sekondari teknolojia hii imeleta sana sana madhara. Faida zake kwa wanafunzi ni kama vile tarakilishi ambayo hutumiwa kupanga ratiba za masomo kwa wanafunzi ambayo hutumiwa kumjulisha mwanafunzi kipindi kifuatacho kinasemaje. 
Vilevile matumizi ya vikokotoo ambayo yamerahisishia wanafunzi kazi badala ya kuhesabu na vidole au kuchora chora vitabuni wameweza kufanya hisabati kwa urahisi wakitumia vikokotoo hivi. Wanafunzi wameweza pia kusomea kupitia runinga katika masomo mengine ambayo hutumiwa kusoma kiundani zaidi. Runinga hizi zimewafanya wanafunzi wengi pia kuerevuka kiakili kwani hata yale wasiyoyajua wameweza kuyaona. 
Bila ya kusahau vifaa vingine kama vile rununu ambazo wanafunzi wa shule za upili haswa walio mabwenini huzitumia kuwasiliana na wazazi wao wakati wowote watakao bila ya wao hata kuwa karibu nao. Vifaa vingine kama vile redio hutumia kusomea haswa haswa na wanafunzi wasomao masomo kama vile Kiarabu na Ufaransa. 
Teknolojia pia huleta madhara kwa wanafunzi hawa ikiwamo kikokotoo ambacho kimewafanya wanafunzi kuwa wavivu katika hisabati. Wengine wameishia kuiba mitihani kwa kutumia vikokotoo hivi. Wanafunzi wengine wameishia kuwa wezi kwani vifaa hivi huwa vya thamani ya juu kwa hivyo huiba ili kuuza kupata pesa. 
Teknolojia pia imewafanya wanafunzi wengine kuacha shule kwani wameona kuwa wanaweza kusoma bila walimu. Mfano, wanafunzi wanaotumia runinga kusoma hujiona wamefika. Baadhi ya wanafunzi hupitisha masomo hayo kwani wasipoachiwa mwalimu mambo hubadilika na kuwa wanafunzi huangalia ponografia badala ya kusoma.
Uharibifu wa macho kwani wanafunzi hupitisha kiwango cha kuangalia rununu hizo. Pia vifaa kama vile rununu, hupotosha wanafunzi kwani baadhi ya wanafunzi badala ya kutumia rununu hizo kuwasiliana na wazazi wao, huwapigia kama ni wavulana basi huwapigia wasichana wao badala ya kutia maanani kwenye masomo basi hukubali usumbufu. 
Teknolojia imeharibu wanafunzi wetu wa sasa hata ubongo katika fikra zao kwani wameyasahau mengi wanayofunzwa na walimu darasani na kushika yale wanayofunzwa na vifaa hivi. Jinsi tutakavyo punguza madhara haya ni kuwaelimisha umuhimu na madhara ya teknolojia. 

Question: Ni nini husaidia kufanya hesabu kwa urahisi
Answer: Vikokotoo
Tumu is a small town and is the capital of Sissala East district, a district in the Upper West Region of north Ghana, adjacent to the border with Burkina Faso. Tumu is connected by road to the town of Navrongo.

Question: Mansini bɛn mu na Tumu wo?
Answer: Sissala East
Papua New Guinea (abbreviated PNG; /ˈpæp(j)uə ... ˈɡɪni, ˈpɑː-/, also US: /ˈpɑːpwə-, ˈpɑːpjə-, ˈpɑːpə-/; Tok Pisin: Papua Niugini; Hiri Motu: Papua Niu Gini), officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea (Tok Pisin: Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini; Hiri Motu: Independen Stet bilong Papua Niu Gini), is a country in Oceania that comprises the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and its offshore islands in Melanesia (a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean north of Australia). Its capital, located along its southeastern coast, is Port Moresby. The country is the world's third largest island country with an area of 462,840 km2 (178,700 sq mi).

Question: umurwa mukuru wa Papuwa Nuveli Gineya ni uwuhe?
Answer: Port Moresby
ï»¿Panya  

Hapo zamani, kulikuwa na  panya wawili.  Mmoja wao aliishi nyikani.  
Panya mwingine aliishi  katika nyumba.  
Siku moja, panya aliyeishi  katika nyumba  alimwambia panya wa  nyika, "Wewe chakula  chako si kizuri, usingizi  wako umejaa  mang'amung'amu huku  mvua ikikulowesha."  
"Sisi tunalala fofofo katika  nyumba za watemi.  Tunakula vyakula vingi  mno. Siku moja  nitembelee ujionee fahari  iliyopo," alisema panya wa  nyumba.  "Niko tayari usiku wa leo  kama mrija unaosubiri  kinywaji," akajibu panya  wa nyika.  
Wakati huo huo mwenye  nyumba alikasirika ajabu  akifoka matusi, "Panya  hawa wanaokula chakula  changu wataona cha  mtema kuni!"  Ndipo akawategea mtego  uliojaa sukari.  
Panya waliingia nyumbani  kula vitamu  vilivyokuwamo.  Walikuwa wakicheka,  "Chu. Chu. Chi. Chi. Che.  Che!"  
Walipoufikia mtego, panya  wa nyumba alisema,  "Wacha nionje sukari.  Tazama vitamu vitamu  tunavyokula hapa."  
Lakini kabla panya  hajapata kugusa sukari,  mtego ukamnasa kichwa.  Pa!  Macho yake yakabubujika  kama mbilingani.  
Panya wa nyika  akamtazama akiwa  ameduwaa.  Akasema, "Heee rafiki  yangu, kitamu kipi  ulichokula kikayafanya  macho yabubujike?"  
Lakini panya wa nyumba  alishindwa kujibu.  
Panya wa nyika  akaondoka akikejeli, "Du!  Umekula vizuri. Mimi  siviwezi vitamu hivyo  unavyojivunia."  
Kuwepo nyumbani  kulikochakaa mradi  kwako, ni bora kuliko  kuwepo nyumbani kuzuri  sana ilhali ni nyumba ya  jirani yako.  

You are free to download, copy, translate or adapt this story and use the illustrations as long as you attribute in the following way:  Panya  Author - Nambi Sseppuuya Community Resource Centre  Translation - Pete Mhunzi  Illustration - Zablon Alex Nguku  Language - Kiswahili  Level - First paragraphs  Â© Text: Ugandan Community Libraries Association (Ugcla; Illusrations: African Storybook Initiative 2014  Creative Commons: Attribution 4.0  Source www.africanstorybook.org  Original source http://ugcla.org 

Question: Paka wa nyika alitembea mjini saa ngapi
Answer: usiku
Patrick Loch Otieno Lumumba (born 17 July 1962) is a Kenyan who served as the Director of the Kenya Anti-Corruption Commission from September 2010 to August 2011. Since 2014, Lumumba has been the Director of The Kenya School of Law. An eloquent lawyer, Lumumba earned his LL.B and LL.M degrees at the University of Nairobi. His LL.M thesis is titled "National Security And Fundamental Rights." Additionally, Lumumba holds a PhD in Laws of the Sea from the University of Ghent in Belgium. Lumumba is a staunch Pan-Africanist and has delivered several powerful speeches alluding to or about African solutions to African problems. He is an admirer of Patrice Lumumba and Thomas Sankara, the assassinated revolutionary leaders of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Burkina Faso, respectively. Lumumba has referred to and quoted them several times in his speeches. Lumumba is also remembered for his emotion-laden and energetic speech in Uganda at the third Anti-Corruption Convention. On August 28, 2015, the PAV Ansah Foundation invited Lumumba to speak at the 2015 PAVA Forum on "Good Governance and tiop, Whither Africa?"

Question: Patrick Loch Otieno Lumumba  yavukiye he?
Answer: Kenya
Joe Biden's tenure as the 46th president of the United States began with his inauguration on January 20, 2021. Biden, a Democrat from Delaware who previously served as vice president under Barack Obama, took office following his victory in the 2020 presidential election over Republican incumbent president Donald Trump. He was inaugurated alongside Kamala Harris, the first woman, first African American, and first Asian American vice president. Biden entered office amid the COVID-19 pandemic, an economic crisis, and increased political polarization.

Question: Hena ne Amerika ɔmampanyin a ɔto so 46th?
Answer: Joe Biden
Imvelo iyisifo esibangelwa ukudla ukudla okungcolile njengemifino engageziwe, izithelo ezingcolile, kanye nokudla imfucumfucu. Umalaleveva yisifo esibangelwa izinambuzane ezibizwa ngokuthi amaqanda. Abahlali abavamile abavimbeli ukungcola ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamanzi. Siyakuthanda ukudla ukudla okuhlanzekile. Sisebenzisa amaphepha namapayipi okuphuza amanzi.

Question: Ubulwele ubo bamung'wing'wi batwala
Answer: Umalaleveva
ï»¿Ngurumo na  Radi  

Hapo zamani, Ngurumo  na Radi waliishi duniani  miongoni mwa watu.  
Ngurumo alikuwa  mamake Radi.  
Radi alikuwa mwenye  hasira kali.  Mara nyingi alibishana na  mamake.  
Radi alipokasirika,  aliteketeza nyumba na  kung'oa miti.  Alitoa sauti ya  kutisha, "Pia-la-la-la, pia-  la-la-la!"  Aliyaharibu mashamba na  hata kuwaua watu.  
Radi alipofanya vitendo  hivi, mamake alimwita  kwa sauti ya juu, "Bum-  rambo-la-la-la, la-bum!"  Alijaribu kumzuia  asisababishe uharibifu.  
Radi hakutia maanani  aliyosema mamake.  Badala yake  angesababishia kila  mmoja fujo alipokuwa na  hasira.  
Hatimaye, watu  walipeleka malalamishi  yao kwa mfalme.  
Mfalme aliamrisha  Ngurumo na mwanawe  wahame kutoka kijijini.  Aliwafukuza waende kuishi  mbali na makao ya watu.  
Hili halikusaidia sana. Radi  alizidi kuteketeza misitu  alipokasirika, "Pia-la-la-la,  pia-la-la-la!"  Wakati mwingine, ndimi za  moto zilisambaa na  kuunguza mashamba. 
Kwa mara nyingine, watu  Walienda kwa mfalme  kumlalamikia.  
Mara hii, mfalme  aliwaambia Radi na  Ngurumo kwamba  hawangeendelea kuishi  duniani.  Aliwafukuza waende kuishi  angani wasikoweza  kusababisha uharibifu  mwingi.  
Tangu wakati huo, Radi  anapokasirika, huweza  kuteketeza na kuharibu,  "Pia-la-la-la, pia-la-la-la!"  Nasi bado tunamsikia  Ngurumo, mamake Radi,  akimkemea, "Bum-rambo-  la-la-la, la-bum!"  

You are free to download, copy, translate or adapt this story and use the illustrations as long as you attribute in the following way:  Ngurumo na Radi  Author - Ogot Owino  Translation - Ursula Nafula  Illustration - Jesse Breytenbach  Language - Kiswahili  Level - First paragraphs  Â© African Storybook Initiative 2016  Creative Commons: Attribution 4.0  Source www.africanstorybook.org 

Question: Ngurumo na Radi waliishi wapi
Answer: Duniani
Google was founded on September 4, 1998, by Larry Page and Sergey Brin while they were PhD students at Stanford University in California. Together they own about 14% of its publicly listed shares and control 56% of the stockholder voting power through super-voting stock. The company went public via an initial public offering (IPO) in 2004. In 2015, Google was reorganized as a wholly owned subsidiary of Alphabet Inc. Google is Alphabet's largest subsidiary and is a holding company for Alphabet's Internet properties and interests. Sundar Pichai was appointed CEO of Google on October 24, 2015, replacing Larry Page, who became the CEO of Alphabet. On December 3, 2019, Pichai also became the CEO of Alphabet.

Question: Ya sunan mutumin da ya kirkiri fasahar bincike ta Google?
Answer: Larry Page and Sergey Brin
Venda or Tshivenda is a Bantu language and an official language of South Africa. It is mainly spoken by the Venda people in the northern part of South Africa's Limpopo province, as well as by some Lemba people in Zimbabwe. The Venda language is related to Kalanga, which is spoken in Zimbabwe and Botswana. During the apartheid era of South Africa, the bantustan of Venda was set up to cover the Venda speakers of South Africa. According to the 2011 census, Venda speakers are concentrated in the following areas: Makhado Local Municipality, with 350,000 people; Thulamela Local Municipality, with 370,000 people; Musina Local Municipality, with 35,000 people; and Mutale Local Municipality, with 89,000 people. The total number of speakers in Vhembe district currently stands at 844,000. In Gauteng province, there are 275,000 Venda speakers. Fewer than 10,000 are spread across the rest of the country - for a total number of Venda speakers in South Africa at 1.2 million people or just 2.2% of South Africa's population, making Venda speakers the second smallest minority language in South Africa, after the Ndebele language, which number 1.1 million speakers.

Question: bangaki abakhuluma isiVenda eNingizimu Afrika?
Answer: 1.2 million
Adama Barrow (born 15 February 1965) is a Gambian politician and real estate developer who has served as President of the Gambia since 2017. Born in Mankamang Kunda, a village near Basse Santa Su, he attended Crab Island Secondary School and the Muslim High School, the latter on a scholarship. He then worked for Alhagie Musa Njie &amp; Sons, a Gambian energy company, where he became a sales manager. Moving to London in the early 2000s, Barrow studied for qualifications in real estate and concurrently worked as a security guard for Argos. After returning to the Gambia in 2006, he founded Majum Real Estate and was the CEO until 2016. He became the treasurer of the United Democratic Party, an opposition party, and then became party leader in September 2016 after the previous leader was jailed. Barrow was then chosen as the UDP candidate in the 2016 presidential election. It was later announced that he would stand as an independent with the backing of the opposition group Coalition 2016 (a coalition supported by the UDP and six other parties).

Question: Onye bu onye isi ala Gambia?
Answer: Adama Barrow
Born to a poor family in Gori in the Russian Empire (now Georgia), Stalin attended the Tbilisi Spiritual Seminary before joining the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party. He edited the party's newspaper, Pravda, and raised funds for Vladimir Lenin's Bolshevik faction via robberies, kidnappings and protection rackets. Repeatedly arrested, he underwent several internal exiles. After the Bolsheviks seized power in the October Revolution and created a one-party state under the new Communist Party in 1917, Stalin joined its governing Politburo. Serving in the Russian Civil War before overseeing the Soviet Union's establishment in 1922, Stalin assumed leadership over the country following Lenin's death in 1924. Under Stalin, socialism in one country became a central tenet of the party's dogma. As a result of his Five-Year Plans, the country underwent agricultural collectivisation and rapid industrialisation, creating a centralised command economy. Severe disruptions to food production contributed to the famine of 1930-33 that killed millions. To eradicate accused "enemies of the working class", Stalin instituted the Great Purge, in which over a million were imprisoned and at least 700,000 executed between 1934 and 1939. By 1937, he had absolute control over the party and government. Stalin also further expanded the Gulag system of forced labour camps.

Question: Ͻman bεn mu na wᴐwoo Joseph Stalin?
Answer: Georgia
ï»¿Siafu amwokoa Njiwa  

Ilikuwa siku yenye  joto jingi.  
Siafu Mdogo  hakuwa amepata  maji kwa siku  nyingi.  
Akawaza,  "Ninahitaji tone  moja tu la maji,  hata kama litatoka  kwenye jani."  
Umande wote  ulikuwa umekauka.  Hangepata hata  tone moja la moja.  
Siafu Mdogo akalia  sana,  "Nisipokunywa  maji,  nitakufa. Lazima  niufikie mto  nilioelezwa."  
"Ati mtoni? Huko  utakufa maji!"  Kichakuro mmoja  mwenye hekima  alimwonya.  
Lakini, Siafu  Mdogo hakujali.  Kiu chake  kiliongezeka.  "Nitakufa iwapo  sitakunywa maji  sasa."  
Siafu Mdogo  alienda kuutafuta  mto alioambiwa  juu yake.  
Alipitia kwenye  nyasi na matawi  yaliyokauka.  
Mara akasikia  mngurumo wa  mawimbi.  
Siafu Mdogo alifika  mtoni akayanywa  maji baridi.  
Alifurahi kukata kiu  na hakuliona  wimbi kubwa likija.  
Siafu Mdogo  alijaribu kujishikilia  kwenye nyasi kavu  zilizokuwa zikielea.  Lakini, alisombwa  na maji.  
Siafu Mdogo alilia,  "Jamani,  nisaidieni."  
Njiwa Mweupe  alikuja  akamnyooshea  tawi. Akasema,  "Panda juu ya tawi  haraka."  
Siafu Mdogo  aliruka juu ya tawi  na Njiwa Mweupe  akamwokoa.  
Siafu Mdogo  akasema,  "Siondoki kabla  sijamshukuru  Njiwa. Nitasubiri  hadi atakaporejea  kunywa maji."  
Siku moja  alipokuwa  akimsubiri Njiwa  Mweupe, Jona na  Petro walikuja  mtoni.  Walikuwa  wamebeba manati.  
"Yule Njiwa  Mweupe ambaye  huja hapa kunywa  maji, tutamla jioni."  Jona akawaza.  Jona na Petro  walijificha nyuma  ya mimea kando  ya mto.  
"Sitakubali wajanja  hao wamuue yule  Njiwa Mweupe.  Lakini nitafanyaje?  Mimi ni mdogo  sana." Siafu  aliwaza.  
Wakati huo huo  Njiwa Mweupe  aliruka kutoka  mtini anywe maji.  
Jona na Petro  walipima shabaha  na kungoja kwa  hamu.  
Siafu Mdogo  alipata wazo.  
Aliurukia mguu wa  Petro na  kumuuma.  
Petro aliruka juu  akalia kwa  uchungu, "Waaa!"  Aliyaachilia manati  yake yakaanguka.  
Njiwa Mweupe  alishtuka  akaondoka.  
Hivyo ndivyo Siafu  Mdogo  alivyomwokoa  Njiwa Mweupe.  

You are free to download, copy, translate or adapt this story and use the illustrations as long as you attribute in the following way:  Siafu amwokoa Njiwa  Author - Kholeka Mabeta and Judith Baker  Translation - Ursula Nafula  Illustration - Wiehan de Jager  Language - Kiswahili  Level - First sentences  Â© African Storybook Initiative 2014  Creative Commons: Attribution 4.0  Source www.africanstorybook.org 

Question: Nani hakuwa amepata maji kwa siku nyingi
Answer: Siafu Mdogo
After becoming independent from Spain in 1968, Equatorial Guinea was ruled by President for life Francisco Macías Nguema until he was overthrown in a coup in 1979 by his nephew Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo who has served as the country's president since. Both presidents have been widely characterized as dictators by foreign observers. Since the mid-1990s, Equatorial Guinea has become one of sub-Saharan Africa's largest oil producers. It has subsequently become the richest country per capita in Africa, and its gross domestic product (GDP) adjusted for purchasing power parity (PPP) per capita ranks 43rd in the world; however, the wealth is distributed extremely unevenly, with few people benefiting from the oil riches. The country ranks 144th on the 2019 Human Development Index, with less than half the population having access to clean drinking water and around 1 in 12 children dying before the age of five.

Question: Ͻman bεn na Equitorial Guinea nyaa ahofadi fii ne hᴐ?
Answer: Spain
The presidency of France was first publicly proposed during the July Revolution of 1830, when it was offered to the Marquis de Lafayette. He demurred in favour of Prince Louis Phillipe, who became King of the French. Eighteen years later, during the opening phases of the Second Republic, the title was created for a popularly elected head of state, the first of whom was Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte, nephew of Emperor Napoleon. Bonaparte served in that role until he staged an auto coup against the republic, proclaiming himself Napoleon III, Emperor of the French. Under the Third Republic the president was at first quite powerful, mainly because the royalist party was strong when the constitutional laws of 1875 were established, and it was hoped that a member of one of the two branches of the royal family would be able to serve as president and turn France into a constitutional monarchy. However, the next legislature was dominated by Republicans, and after President Patrice de MacMahon had unsuccessfully tried to obtain a new royalist majority by dissolving the Chambre des Députés, his successor promised that he would not use his presidential power of dissolution, and therefore lost his control over the legislature, effectively creating a parliamentary system that would be maintained for 80 years. Indeed, when the Fourth Republic was created, after the Second World War, it was a parliamentary system, in which the office of president of the Republic was a largely ceremonial and powerless one. The Constitution of the Fifth Republic, that replaced it in 1958, greatly increased the president's powers. A 1962 referendum changed the constitution, so that the president would be directly elected by universal suffrage and not by the electoral college established in 1958. In 2000, a referendum shortened the presidential term from seven years to five years. A maximum of two consecutive terms was imposed after the 2008 constitutional reform.

Question: perezida wa Repubulika ya Morodoviya atorerwa manda y'imyaka ingahe?
Answer: five years
Aituaje Iruobe, known professionally as Waje, is a Nigerian singer whose vocal range covers three octaves. She first gained recognition after being featured on the remake of P-Square’s "Omoge Mi". Waje was also featured on the duo's 2008 hit track "Do Me". Moreover, she contributed vocals to Banky W's "Thief My Kele" and M.I's "One Naira". In 2016, Waje was one of the four judges in the inaugural season of "The Voice" Nigeria. In 2018, on its final season of Africa Magic telenovela, "Battleground", Waje was recurred. Early life.

Question: Gịnị bụ ezigbo aha Waje?
Answer: Aituaje Iruobe
Related popular practices are associated with Shrovetide celebrations before the fasting and religious obligations associated with the penitential season of Lent. In countries such as the United Kingdom, Mardi Gras is more usually known as Pancake Day or (traditionally) Shrove Tuesday (derived from the word shrive, meaning "to administer the sacrament of confession to; to absolve").

Question: Botae pᴐtee bεn nti na wodi Mardi Gras afahyε no?
Answer: Shrovetide celebration
FAIDA ZA KILIMO.
Kilimo kina faida nyingi sana hapa nchini Kenya. Watu wengi wamejikita katika kilimo, hivyo basi tunaweza kusema kuwa kilimo ndio uti wa mgongo wa taifa letu. Wakulima huweza kupanda mimea mbalimbali kama vile mboga, parachichi, machungwa, ndimu, maembe, mahindi, na kadhalika. 
Tukiwa shuleni, mwalimu wetu wa kiswahili alitueleza kuwa tutaenda kumtembelea mkulima mmoja mashuhuri. Tulisafiri kwa gari moshi ili kufika kwenye shamba la mkulima huyu. Shamba la mkulima huyu lilikuwa kubwa ajabu.
Kule shambani, mkulima huyu alikuwa ampenda kila aina ya mimea. Tulishangaa sana kuona jisi mkulima huyu alivyokuwa ametengeneza shamba lake vizuri. Lilikua linavutia sana. 
Mkulima huyu alitueleza kuwa chakula chote walichokula nyumbani kwao kilitika pale shambani. Pia, aliuza chakula kingine katika soko lililokuwa karibu na pale. Kule shambani, alikuwa na wafanyikazi wengi waliomsaidia kazi.


Question: Nchini Kenya kuna faida nyingi za kitu gani
Answer: Kilimo
RUSHAKA RW'INYANGO Nta buhanga, kubitsa ni uburyo bworoshye bwo kubona amafaranga Roger Wekhomba ushinzwe gushora imari mu buhinzi n'ubworozi n'ibimera ubwo yinjiraga muri ubu bucuruzi yari afite igipimo kimwe gusa; kubura amafaranga yo kugera ku ntego ze. Ubumenyi n'ubumenyi, yari afite gusa imari - amafaranga cyangwa umutungo ukoreshwa mu gutangiza cyangwa kwagura ubucuruzi cyangwa igikorwa icyo ari cyo cyose cyo kwimakaza inkweto n'iterambere byari ibamba. Ni igipimo urubyiruko rufite impano zitandukanye n'icyerekezo bishingiyeho kugirango bahangane no gufunga inzozi zabo. Ariko, kubishyira mu bikorwa binyuze muri ubu buryo, nk'uko bivugwa n'abahanga mu by'amafaranga n'ubucuruzi, ni imwe mu nzira z'ingenzi zo kugera ku ishoramari iryo ari ryo ryose.

Question: Roger yafiirwa ki okusobola okutuuka ku biruubirirwa bye
Answer: amafaranga
In June 1966, Britain accepted proposals for democratic self-government in Botswana. The seat of government was moved from Mafeking, South Africa, to newly established Gaborone in 1965. The 1965 constitution led to the first general elections and to independence on 30 September 1966. Seretse Khama, a leader in the independence movement and the legitimate claimant to the Ngwato chiefship, was elected as the first president, re-elected twice, and died in office in 1980. The presidency passed to the sitting vice president, Ketumile Masire, who was elected in his own right in 1984 and re-elected in 1989 and 1994. Masire retired from office in 1998. The presidency passed to the sitting vice president, Festus Mogae, who was elected in his own right in 1999 and re-elected in 2004. In April 2008, Excellency the former President Lieutenant General Dr Seretse Khama Ian Khama (Ian Khama), son of Seretse Khama the first president, succeeded to the presidency when Festus Mogae retired. On 1 April 2018 Mokgweetsi Eric Keabetswe Masisi was sworn in as the 5th President of Botswana succeeding Ian Khama. He represents the Botswana Democratic Party, which has also won a majority in every parliamentary election since independence. All the previous presidents have also represented the same party. 

Question: Nililali icalo ca Botswana capokele ubuntungwa?
Answer: 1966