theophilusowiti/AfriQuAD huggingface dataset:
He received a bachelor's degree in zoology (second-class honours), a master's degree in hydrobiology and fisheries biology; and a doctorate in zoology from the University of Port Harcourt. During his time in the university he taught at Rivers State College of Education from 1983 to 1993

Question: Inu ẹka imọ wo ni ọmọwe Goodluck Jonathan ti gba oye imọ ijinle PhD re?
Answer: zoology
Maryana Iskander (; ; born September 1, 1975) is an Egyptian-born American social entrepreneur and lawyer. In 2022, she became the chief executive officer (CEO) of the Wikimedia Foundation, succeeding Katherine Maher. Iskander was the CEO of the Harambee Youth Employment Accelerator and a former chief operating officer of the Planned Parenthood Federation of America in New York. Early life and education.

Question: Ngubani oyinhloko (CEO) ye-Wikimedia Foundation?
Answer: Maryana Iskander
ï»¿Rafiki yangu Koko 

Nilipokuwa wa umri wa  miaka mitano,  mjombangu alinipa  zawadi ya mbwa mdogo  wa wiki tatu!  Siku mjomba aliniletea  mbwa huyo, nilifurahi  sana. Nilijua kuwa  nilikuwa nimempata rafiki.  
Nilipomweka chini,  mjomba alinigeukia na  kuniuliza, "Utamwitaje?"  Nilimwangalia mbwa  wangu kisha nikasema,  "Ataitwa KoKo."  Mjombangu alishangaa  sana akaniuliza, "Mbona  unamwita Koko?" "Kwa  sababu rangi yake ni  kama kakao," nilimjibu.  
Nilimwuliza mjomba  iwapo Koko alizaliwa peke  yake.  Mjomba alisema kwamba  alikuwa na nduguye  aliyemfanana kabisa.  Nilienda kumwona  nduguye Koko. 
Koko alipomwona  nduguye, alichangamka  sana.  Wawili hao waliweka  vichwa vyao pamoja kama  waliokuwa wakiongea.  
Nilimwuliza mjomba ikiwa  ningeweza kuishi na Koko  na nduguye.  Alisema, "Ni sawa wewe  kuwaweka wote wawili.  Lakini lazima uwalinde  vizuri."  Kila jioni, nilicheza nao na  kuwafanyisha mazoezi.  
Miezi michache baadaye,  Koko na nduguye  walikuwa wamekua  wakubwa. Walikuwa  wenye nguvu na afya.  Singeweza kuwachunga  peke yangu tena.  
Nilimwuliza mjomba  kumrudisha nduguye Koko  kwake. Koko alipoachwa  peke yake, alihuzunika  mno.  Alikuwa kama  anayeniuliza, "Kwa nini  ulifanya hivyo?"  
Koko alikoma kucheza.  Wakati mwingine alikataa  kwenda nami  matembezini akipendelea  tu kulala nje ya nyumba  yetu.  Wakati mwingine alikula  chakula kidogo sana.  Nilikuwa na wasiwasi.  Nilijiuliza vipi ningeweza  kumsaidia Koko?  
Siku moja mjombangu alitutembelea. Niliposikia sauti yake, nilienda  haraka nje.  Kabla ya kumwona, nilisikia mbwa wakibweka.  
Nyuma ya jikoni, Koko na  nduguye walikuwa  wakicheza!  
Nilifurahi sana hadi  sikujua nimkumbatie nani  kwanza, Koko au  mjombangu.  Nilijua kwamba Koko  angerejelea ile hali yake  ya kwaida. Tungeanza  tena kufanya mazoezi  pamoja!  

You are free to download, copy, translate or adapt this story and use the illustrations as long as you attribute in the following way:  Rafiki yangu Koko  Author - Ursula Nafula  Translation - Ursula Nafula  Illustration - Ursula Nafula  Language - Kiswahili  Level - First paragraphs  Â© African Storybook Initiative 2014  Creative Commons: Attribution 4.0  Source www.africanstorybook.org 

Question: Mjombake msimulizi alikuwa na mbwa wangapi
Answer: Wawili
"Kafundisha, kafundisha mukalamba, kafundisha mukalamba, kafundisha mukalamba, bakafundisha na basambi. Ine ndi mwana we sukulu wa pa Gacharage kabili lelo ninjiminina pa ntanshi yenu pa mulandu wa banandi ukulamupandako amano ilyo amaholide yenu talashila. Ndefwaya ukutasha bakafundisha besu pa kutufunda pa fyo twabombesha na pa fyo twaishiba ifingi mu bumi bwesu.

Question: Onye kụziiri anyị ọtụtụ ihe
Answer: bakafundisha
Le terme « traites négrières », ou « traite des nègres » ou « traite des noirs », désigne le commerce d'esclaves noirs déportés d'Afrique durant près de treize siècles, phénomène historique en raison des dizaines de millions de victimes déportées d'un continent à l'autre. Trois types de traite négrière ont abouti à la déportation de plusieurs millions de personnes, selon des estimations parfois contestées, et concernent des périodes de longueur très différentes. La traite orientale, dont la traite arabe était la composante principale (17 millions de déportés, sur 13 siècles), la traite intra-africaine (14 millions de déportés,), et la traite atlantique (12 millions de déportés, dont 90 % sur 110 ans, principalement au XVIIIe siècle). La traite orientale et la traite intra-africaine ont eu leur apogée au XIXe siècle. Le Portugal, les Pays-Bas, l'Angleterre et le Danemark, pays où l'esclavage décline depuis les années 1760-1770, sont les premiers à connaître un mouvement abolitionniste, qui vise d'abord les négriers, dans l'espoir d'assécher progressivement l'esclavage, avec l'espoir qu'une hausse du prix des captifs oblige certains planteurs à moins les brutaliser, d'autres à les vendre ou compter sur des naissances dans les plantations. Le Portugal est le premier pays à abolir la traite et l'esclavage, en 1761. En Angleterre, l'abolition est réclamée par une pétition au Parlement de 1783,, soutenue par Charles Middleton, chef suprême de la Royal Navy, puis d'autres, au nombre de 519, totalisent 390 000 signatures en 1792. La Révolution française abolit aussi la traite et l'esclavage, par le Décret d'abolition de l'esclavage du 4 février 1794, mais Napoléon les rétablit en 1802-1803. En 1807, le Parlement britannique vote l'abolition de la traite atlantique, dont les flux chutent après le droit de visite des navires étrangers, imposé par les Britanniques à partir de 1815, grâce à la domination des mers de la Royal Navy. Napoléon abolira à son tour la traite des Noirs en 1815, et la Deuxième République abolira l'esclavage sur tous les territoires français, par le décret du 27 avril 1848. Cependant la traite orientale, principalement arabe, ainsi que la traite intra-africaine, ininterrompues depuis de nombreux siècles, vont perdurer. L'esclavage sera aboli par les Européens dans ces régions, avec l'interdiction de ces dernières traites, au XIXe siècle, et au XXe siècle.

Question: E tɛ nyĭ traite négrière ?
Answer: commerce d'esclaves noirs déportés d'Afrique
In 2006, his song " African Queen" was used in the soundtrack for the film "Phat Girlz", which was released internationally.

Question: Kedụ mgbe Tuface tiri égwú African Queen?
Answer: 2006
The Imo State University (IMSU) in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria was established in 1981 through law No. 4 passed by the Imo State House of Assembly. The university admitted the first intake of 392 pioneer students on 23 October 1981

Question: Ọdun wo ni wọn da Yunifasiti ti ipinlẹ Imo l'orilẹ-ede Naijiria silẹ?
Answer: 1981
The present borders were drawn in 2006 with the aim of decentralising power and removing associations with the old system and the genocide. The previous structure of twelve provinces associated with the largest cities was replaced with five provinces based primarily on geography. These are Northern Province, Southern Province, Eastern Province, Western Province, and the Municipality of Kigali in the centre.

Question: ivugura ry'ubutegetsi intara 4 n'umuyi wa Kigali mu randa ryabaye ryari?
Answer: in 2006
ï»¿Msitu wenye  nyoka  

Kijiji cha Sinyaire kimezungukwa na  milima na misitu. Nyoka wengi huishi  ndani ya misitu hiyo.  Wanakijiji walimwita Unyalego nyoka  aliyekuwa mkubwa zaidi. Nyoka huyo  aliwameza mbuzi na kondoo wakiwa  wazima.  
Siku moja, Apiyo, Ajoh na Atieno  walienda msituni kutafuta kuni.  Bibi aliwaonya, "Jihadharini na  Unyalego. Msichukue chochote kutoka  msituni ila kuni."  
Wasichana hao walifunganya maziwa,  ndizi, viazi vitamu na maji.  Wakachukua kamba za kufungia kuni  na panga kali.  Wakaondoka kwenda msituni.  
Walipokuwa njiani, Ajoh, Apiyo na  Atieno waliongea na kucheka.  Ghafla, Apiyo alisema, "Kimya!  Tunakaribia anakoishi Unyalego." 
Ajoh hakuzingatia onyo la bibi. Atieno  aliwaita, "Tazameni, hapa kuna meno  ya Unyalego ya dhahabu.  Tuyachukue?"  Apiyo aliwakumbusha, "Msisahau  kwamba bibi alituonya tusichukue  chochote kutoka msituni ila kuni."  
Ajoh akajibu, "Simwamini bibi.  Nadhani alisema hivyo ili atuzuie  kuchukua tunachotaka. Najua  anatuonea wivu. Mimi nitayachukua  hayo meno ya dhahabu."  Dada zake walikuwa na wasiwasi  wakamwonya Ajoh lakini, hakujali.  
Baadaye, Unyalego alikuja kutafuta  meno yake. Alikasirika alipoyakosa.  Aliwasikia Ajoh, Apiyo na Atieno  wakizungumza na kucheka.  Akajificha kando ya njia ambayo  wasichana wale wangepitia.  
Walipokwisha kuzikusnaya kuni,  walizibeba vichwani. Ghafla, wakasikia  "Hzzzzzzzzz!"  Walimwona Unyalego akiwa kinywa  wazi, tayari kuwameza. Waliogopa  sana wakajaribu kujificha.  
Unyalego akawauliza, "Ni nani  aliyeyachukua meno yangu ya  dhahabu?" Walipokosa kumjibu,  Unyalego akaamua kuwadadisi  wasichana hao.  Akasema, "Ninataka muimbe wimbo.  Yule atakayeimba bila kukosea,  atakuwa hana hatia na ataenda  nyumbani na kuni zake. Atakayekosea,  ndiye aliye na hatia na atakuwa  chakula changu kwa siku tatu zijazo!"  
Apiyo aliimba kwanza kwa sauti  nyororo:  Sio mimi, sio mimi niliyeiba meno,  aliyeyaiba yuko hapo nyuma aaaah.  Kisha Atieno akaimba:  Sio mimi, sio mimi niliyeiba meno,  aliyeyaiba yuko hapo nyuma aaaah.  
Mwishowe, ilikuwa zamu ya Ajoh. Kwa  uwoga alisongea mbele na kuanza  kuimba:  S.i.o mi-mi, s.i.o.  Aliimba vibaya akashindwa  kuyatamka maneno sawa. Unyalego  akamkemea, "Mbona huimbi vizuri  kama wengine?"  
Papo hapo, Unyalego akammeza  Ajoh.  Atieno na Apiyo walikimbia kuwaeleza  wanakijiji yaliyotokea.  

Source www.africanstorybook.org 

Question: Kijiji cha Sinyaire kimezungukwa na nini?
Answer: Milima na misitu
The Apartheid Museum is a museum in Johannesburg, South Africa illustrating apartheid and the 20th century history of South Africa. The museum, part of the Gold Reef City complex, was opened in November 2001. At least five times a year events are held at the museum to celebrate the end of apartheid and the start of multiracial democracy for the people of South Africa.

Question: Itholakala kuphi i-Apartheid Museum?
Answer: Johannesburg, South Africa
The prime minister of the United Kingdom is the principal minister of the crown of Her Majesty's Government, and the head of the British Cabinet. There is no specific date for when the office of prime minister first appeared, as the role was not created but rather evolved over a period of time through a merger of duties. However, the term was regularly, if informally, used of Walpole by the 1730s. It was used in the House of Commons as early as 1805, and it was certainly in parliamentary use by the 1880s. In 1905, the post of prime minister was officially given recognition in the order of precedence. Modern historians generally consider Sir Robert Walpole, who led the government of Great Britain for over twenty years from 1721, as the first prime minister. Walpole is also the longest-serving British prime minister by this definition. However, Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman was the first and Margaret Thatcher the longest-serving prime minister officially referred to as such in the order of precedence. The first to use the title in an official act was Benjamin Disraeli, who signed the Treaty of Berlin as "Prime Minister of her Britannic Majesty" in 1878.

Question: Amanyɔkuw bɛn na Kenya mmarahyɛbedwanii Arama Samuel wɔ mu?
Answer: Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman
Pretoria was founded in 1855 by Marthinus Pretorius, a leader of the Voortrekkers, who named it after his father Andries Pretorius and chose a spot on the banks of the "Apies rivier" (Afrikaans for "Monkeys river") to be the new capital of the South African Republic (; ZAR). The elder Pretorius had become a national hero of the Voortrekkers after his victory over Dingane and the Zulus in the Battle of Blood River in 1838. The elder Pretorius also negotiated the Sand River Convention (1852), in which the United Kingdom acknowledged the independence of the Transvaal. It became the capital of the South African Republic on 1 May 1860.

Question: ubani owaqamba iPitoli?
Answer: Marthinus Pretorius
Piny Kenya nigi dhoudi mokalo piero ang'wen (40), kendo dhowach achiel ka achiel nigi dhowachne, timbene, kod kweregi mopogore. Dhoudi madongo oting'o Kikuyu (22%), Luhya (14%), Luo (13%), Kalenjin (12%), kod Kamba (11%), to dhoudi matindo kaka Jo-Maasai, Samburu, kod Turkana pod rito timbegi mag kwayo dhok. Dhoudi mang'enygi miyo piny Kenya bedo gi timbe mang'eny kendo dhowache mokalo piero auchiel (60) iwacho kaachiel kod dhowach Kiswahili kod dhowach Ngereze.

Question: Hul nying dhowache ariyo madongo mawachore kaachiel kod dhowache mamoko.
Answer: dhowach Kiswahili kod dhowach Ngereze
Mazingira ni mambo yote yanayomhusu na kumzunguka binadamu, kama vile ardhi, mito, maziwa, bahari na hewa inayomzunguka.

Kwa wakati huu ambapo idadi ya watu duniani inazidi kuongezeka na mataifa yamekuwa na ongezeko la viwanda. Mazingira yamekuwa katika hatari kubwa kwa njia nyingi. Mbinu duni za kilimo husababisha mmomonyoko wa udongo. Ufugaji wa mifugo wengi katika kipande kidogo cha ardhi hugeuza sehemu yenye rutuba kuwa jangwa.

Uvuvi wa nyavu za kukokota katika maeneo ambayo samaki huzaliana kwa wingi. Hupunguza idadi ya samaki baharini. Hizi ni baadhi ya njia nyingi ambazo zinaharibu mazingira yetu.

Mojawapo ya vitisho vikubwa kwa mazingira ni uchafuzi wa mazingira. Maana yake ni kuharibu hali yake ya asili . Kuna njia nyingi za kuchafua mazingira yetu kama vile kutupa taka kwa wingi pahali pasipofaa. Watu wengi hufikiria kuwa uchaguzi huo ni mkubwa katika inchi hizo kuliko nchi zingine. lakini inawezekana pia kuwepo katika nchi zinazoendelea ambazo hazina viwanda nyingi.

Hebu tuchunguze uchafuzi wa maji katika nchi zenye viwanda nyingi.Kemikali na takataka hutupwa katika mito kimaksudi. Vitendo hivi husababisha maji ya mito kuwa na sumu nyingi ambayo husumbwa hadi baharini au ziwania.Hatimaye inaathiri wanyama pamoja na mimea. 

Ni kweli kwamba uchafuzi huu wa maji haupo sana katika nchi zinazoendelea lakini si kwamba haupo. Maji yanaweza kuchafuliwa kwa njia nyingi zaidi ya viwanda. Tatizo kubwa za nchi zinazoendelea ni jinsi ya kuongezea chakula katika jamii zenye idadi kubwa ya watu. Wakulima wanahimizwa kulima na kutilia dawa mbalimbali za kilimo. Baada ya madawa hizi zinazowekwa mashambani husombwa na maji ya mvua na kusafirishwa mtoni. Dawa hizi zifikapo mitoni husaidia kukuza mimea ambayo huzuia mwendo wa maji na wanyama kuishi kwa usalama.

Question: Kemikali na uchafu wa mazingira hutupwa wapi
Answer: mtoni
MADHARA YA UCHAFUZI WA MAZINGIRA
Mazingira ni hali au mambo yanayo zunguka kiumbe katika sehemu anapoishi au maisha yake. Tunapo chafua mazingira yetu, tunaweza kusababisha ardhi kuchafuka kupitia takataka. Hatupaswi kutupa takataka mahali popote, tunapaswa kutupa taka zote kwenye pipa au shimo. Tunapoishi katika mazingira machafu tunaweza kupata magonjwa mbalimbali kama kipindupindu na mengine mengi. Watu wengi nchini hutupa karatasi zao kwenye mabini ya maji na hata baharini, hata hivyo hayo maji tunayotupa taka binadamu hutumia kwa kazi mbalimbali kama kunywa na kufanya kazi za nyumbani.
Jijini, watu hutupa taka ovyo ovyo pasipotakikana. Hizo taka wanazotupa zinaweza kupeperushwa na upepo na kuelekea kwenye madimbwi ya maji. 
Ukataji wa miti pia bila kupanda miti. Tunajua kuwa miti huleta mvua na pia hufanya nchi kuwa ya maridadi na yenye kupendeza. Watu wengi hukata miti ili kujenga nyumba na kutengeneza vifaa vya matumizi kama vitabu, viti, meza na kadhalika. Tunapochoma makaa huwa tunaharibu hewa safi ambayo sisi binadamu tunapumua na hatamiti zinaweza kukauka kwa ukosefu wa hewa safi.
Bila shaka ningependa kuwasihi ya kwamba tuyaweke mazingira yetu safi ili tusipatwe na magonjwa. Pia katika milango yetu tusiyamwage maji machafu au takataka zozote zile tunapaswa kuyaweka mazingira yetu safi kila wakati. Tuyachome takataka zote zile tunazoziweka milangoni milangoni, pipani na hata shuleni ili kuzuia kusambaratika kwa makaratasi ovyo ovyo.

Question: Nini huleta mvua
Answer: Miti
SIASA ZA MIGAWANYIKO NA ATHARI YAKE KWA NCHI.

  Siasa za migawanyiko hutokea pale mwanasiasa mmoja katika taifa huungwa mkono na wafuasi wengine na kukataliwa na wengine. Siasa hizi mara nyingi hutokea wakati wote wanapoelekea katika uchaguzi mkuu. Mara nyingi huwa na madhara mengi katika jamii na nchi yote kwa ujumla kama ifuatayo. 
Husababisha kuenea kwa chuki miongoni mwa wanajamii katika jamii mbalimbali nchini. Wakati jamii moja au nyingine inapomuunga mkono kiongozi wao na itokee kuwa mmoja katika jamii yao anampinga mkono, chuki inaweza kuenea katika jamii kwani wote huwa na ari ya kumuunga mfuasi mmoja kwa umoja. 
Husababisha vifo katika jamii. Watu wanapomuunga mwanasiasa mkono na ipatikane kuwa ameshindwa na mpinzani wake, halaiki huweza kuzua vurugu na bila shaka katika zile harakati kutumia vifaa butu kupigana. Visa kama hivi huleta na kusababisha vifo vya binadamu wasio na hatia yoyote.
Husababisha mapendeleo. Mwanasiasa anapoungwa mkono na bila Shaka aibuke mshindi katika uchaguzi mkuu, yeye huweza kuipendelea jamii yake na wale waliompigia kura kuliko Jamii nyingne Katika hali hii watu huumia kwa kuwa wanaweza kunyimwa nafasi za kazi, kisa na maana eti walimuunga mtu asiyefaa mkono na kumpigia kura.
Huchangia katika maendeleo duni katika jamii. Kutokana na mgawanyiko wa kisiasa, mtu hujenga tu kule alikotoka na kuziacha sehemu nyingine kudidimia badala ya kuzijenga. Ukosefu wa miundomsingi kama vile hospitali husababisha watu kufa ovyoovyo kama nzi kwenye kidonda. 
Husababisha na kuchangia katika ugomvi wa rasilimali kwa njia isiyofaa. Watu wengine wanaweza kupewa vingi kuwaliko wenzao. Hii husababisha njaa miongoni mwa wananchi kwani kile wanacho Pewa na serikali hakiwezi kuwatasha wote kwani huwa finyu mno. 
Huchangia katika kuenea katika visa vya uhalifu nchini. Wanasiasa wanaweza wahadaa vijana barobaro wasio na nia maishani kutekeleza uhuni na ukatili katika nchi Mara vijana hawa wanapotumiwa na wanasiasa , huweza kupewa ujira ambyo ni mkia wa mbuzi tu. vijana hawa huweza kulalamika lakini malalamishi yao huanguka katika masikio ya kufa. Hili bila shaka husababisha kulipiza kisasi 
Husababisha kudorora kwa uchumi wa nchi, wakati migogoro inapotokea miongoni mwa wanasiasa na kuzua vurugu.Vita huweza kutokea na bila shaka husababisha uharibifu wa mali kama vile kuchomwa kuwa majumba ya kifahari  na magari pamoja na maduka yaliyo na bidhaa muhimu.Hii huchangia katika kudorora kwa nchi kwa kuwa nchi hujaribu kutafuta njia mbalimbali za kukadiria hasara iliyofanyika. 
kwa kweli siasa za magawanyiko huwa na athari nyingi sana katika taifa na inafaa wananchi waelezwa na kufundishwa umuhimu wa kushirikiana na athari za migawanyiko ya kisiasa. 

Question: Migawanyiko wa kisiasa husababisha maendeleo yapi
Answer: Duni
Chukwudifu Oputa (22 September 1916 - 4 May 2014) was a Nigerian jurist who was Judge of the Supreme Court of Nigeria from 1984 to 1989. He was appointed in 1999 by Olusegun Obasanjo to head the Oputa panel which investigated human right abuses by former military juntas and submitted their findings in 2003. Early life and education.

Question: Kedụ mgbe a mụrụ Chukwudifu Oputa?
Answer: 22 September 1916
Cholera is an infection of the small intestine by some strains of the bacterium "Vibrio cholerae". Symptoms may range from none, to mild, to severe. The classic symptom is large amounts of watery diarrhea that lasts a few days. Vomiting and muscle cramps may also occur. Diarrhea can be so severe that it leads within hours to severe dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. This may result in sunken eyes, cold skin, decreased skin elasticity, and wrinkling of the hands and feet. Dehydration can cause the skin to turn bluish. Symptoms start two hours to five days after exposure. Cholera is caused by a number of types of "Vibrio cholerae", with some types producing more severe disease than others. It is spread mostly by unsafe water and unsafe food that has been contaminated with human feces containing the bacteria. Undercooked seafood is a common source. Humans are the only known host for the bacteria. Risk factors for the disease include poor sanitation, not enough clean drinking water, and poverty. Cholera can be diagnosed by a stool test. A rapid dipstick test is available but is not as accurate.

Question: Yareɛ mmoawa bɛn na ɛde yareɛ Cholera ɛba?
Answer: Vibrio cholerae
The Atlantic slave trade, transatlantic slave trade, or Euro-American slave trade involved the transportation by slave traders of various enslaved African people, mainly to the Americas. The slave trade regularly used the triangular trade route and its Middle Passage, and existed from the 16th to the 19th centuries. The vast majority of those who were enslaved and transported in the transatlantic slave trade were people from Central and West Africa that had been sold by other West Africans to Western European slave traders, while others had been captured directly by the slave traders in coastal raids; Europeans gathered and imprisoned the enslaved at forts on the African coast and then brought them to the Americas. Except for the Portuguese, European slave traders generally did not participate in the raids because life expectancy for Europeans in sub-Saharan Africa was less than one year during the period of the slave trade (which was prior to the widespread availability of quinine as a treatment for malaria). The colonial South Atlantic and Caribbean economies were particularly dependent on labour for the production of sugarcane and other commodities. This was viewed as crucial by those Western European states which, in the late 17th and 18th centuries, were vying with one another to create overseas empires. The Portuguese, in the 16th century, were the first to buy slaves from West African slavers and transport them across the Atlantic. In 1526, they completed the first transatlantic slave voyage to Brazil, and other Europeans soon followed. Shipowners regarded the slaves as cargo to be transported to the Americas as quickly and cheaply as possible, there to be sold to work on coffee, tobacco, cocoa, sugar, and cotton plantations, gold and silver mines, rice fields, the construction industry, cutting timber for ships, as skilled labour, and as domestic servants. The first Africans kidnapped to the English colonies were classified as indentured servants, with legal standing similar to that of contract-based workers coming from Britain and Ireland. However, by the middle of the 17th century, slavery had hardened as a racial caste, with African slaves and their future offspring being legally the property of their owners, as children born to slave mothers were also slaves ("partus sequitur ventrem"). As property, the people were considered merchandise or units of labour, and were sold at markets with other goods and services.

Question: Je,biashara ya watumwa kupitia atlantiki ilianza lini?
Answer: 1526