PICANet Annual Report 2013 - 2015
Source: data.gov.uk (2018-11-20)

Paediatric Intensive Care Audit - This data contains information on all admissions to Paediatric Intensive Care units in the UK and Ireland 2013-2015.

APPENDICES
DATA COLLECTION PERIOD
JANUARY 2013 – DECEMBER 2015
NOVEMBER 2016
ANNUAL
REPORT

Paediatric Intensive
Care Audit Network

2
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016

CONTENTS

A.
PARTICIPATING ORGANISATION & HOSPITAL CHARACTERISTICS ............................................................. 3
B.
CLINICAL ADVISORY GROUP MEMBERSHIP ......................................................................................... 5
C.
STEERING GROUP MEMBERSHIP ...................................................................................................... 7
D.
PIC FAMILIES GROUP MEMBERSHIP ................................................................................................. 9
E.
DATA COLLECTION FORM - ADMISSION........................................................................................... 10
F.
DATA COLLECTION FORM - REFERRAL ............................................................................................. 13
G.
DATA COLLECTION FORM – TRANSPORT ......................................................................................... 14
H.
Information Leaflet – Families and carers .............................................................................. 15
I.
INFORMATION LEAFLET- CHILDREN ................................................................................................ 17
J.
Data Validation Form .............................................................................................................. 19
K.
Data Validation Report ........................................................................................................... 21
L.
PUBLICATIONS, ABSTRACTS & PRESENTATIONS 2013-2015 .............................................................. 22
M. STAFFING STUDY DATA COLLECTION FORMS 2015-16 ...................................................................... 25
N.
DATA REQUESTS DECEMBER 2014 – DECEMBER 2015 ..................................................................... 30

A. PARTICIPATING ORGANISATION & HOSPITAL CHARACTERISTICS
NHS Trust / Organisation
Participating Hospital
Unit
Funded PIC
beds
Funded HD
beds
Type of unit
Barts Health NHS Trust
The Royal London Hospital
PCCU
2
41
General
Birmingham Children’s Hospital NHS Trust
Birmingham Children’s Hospital
PICU
29
0
General including cardiac, liver,
neurosurgical, ECLS, ENT, oncology,
metabolic and spinal
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS
Foundation Trust
Addenbrooke's Hospital
PICU
9
4
General including neurosurgery and
major trauma
Cardiff & Vale NHS Trust
Cardiff University Hospital
PCCI
6
4
General
Central Manchester & Manchester Children’s
University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
Royal Manchester Children’s Hospital
PICU
15
0
General
Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children
NHS Trust
Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children
CCCU
17
0
Cardiac
PICU
13
0
General
NICU
8
0
Neonatal Unit
Guy’s & St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust
Evelina London Children’s Hospital
PICU
18
0
General & Cardiac
HSE (Health Services Executive)
Children’s University Hospital, Dublin
PICU
9
0
General, Neurosurgical (up to 6 years of
age), Craniofacial & Surgical Neonatal.
Our Lady’s Children’s Hospital, Dublin
PICU
18
5
General & Cardiac
Hull & East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust
Hull Royal Infirmary
AICU
2
0
2 designated PIC beds
King’s College Hospital NHS Trust
King’s College Hospital
PICU
7
81
General & Hepatic & Neurosurgical
Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust
Leeds General Infirmary
PICU
16
0
General, Neurosurgery, Liver & Cardiac
Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS
Foundation Trust
Great North Children’s Hospital
PICU
11
2
General & Surgical ICU
Freeman Hospital
CICU
11
0
Cardiothoracic surgery, heart failure,
ECMO
NHS Lothian – University Hospitals Division
Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Edinburgh
PICU
8
6
General (plus neurosurgical and spinal)
NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde – Women and
Children’s Division
Royal Hospital for Sick Children (Yorkhill)
PICU
20
2
General, Neurosurgical Cardiac & ECMO
Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust
The John Radcliffe Hospital
PCCU
8
9
General including neurosurgical,
craniofacial and major trauma.

4
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016
NHS Trust / Organisation
Participating Hospital
Unit
Funded PIC
beds
Funded HD
beds
Type of unit
Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust
Nottingham Children’s Hospital
PICU
8
6
General (plus regional oncology, major
trauma, ENT, paediatric surgery,
neurosurgical, spinal, supraregional
renal service and cleft lip & palate
services)
Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation
Trust
Royal Brompton Hospital
PICU
16
4
Cardiac & Respiratory
Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust
Alder Hey Children’s Hospital
PICU
21
0
General & Cardiac
Sheffield Children’s NHS Foundation Trust
Sheffield Children’s Hospital
PCCU
10
82
General (plus major trauma,
neurosurgery, ENT, oncology,
metabolic, paediatric surgery, spinal)
University Hospitals Southampton NHS
Foundation Trust
Southampton Children’s Hospital
PICU
13
0
General, Cardiac & Neurosurgery
South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
The James Cook University Hospital
PICU
4
3
General
St. George’s Healthcare NHS Trust
St. George’s Hospital
PICU
6
6
General, Neurosurgical, Oncology &
Paediatric Surgery
Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
St. Mary’s Hospital
PICU
8
2
General
Belfast Health and Social Care Trust
Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children
PICU
123
0
General
University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation
Trust
Bristol Royal Hospital for Children
PICU
17
0
General, Cardiac, Neurosurgery, Burns
and Major Trauma
University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust
Leicester Royal Infirmary
CICU
6
0
General
Glenfield Hospital
PICU
7
0
Cardiac & ECMO
University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS
Trust
Royal Stoke University Hospital
PICU
6
1
General
HCA Healthcare (non NHS)
The Harley Street Clinic
PICU
13
5
General & Cardiac
The Portland Hospital for Women and
Children
PICU
7
0
General
The Royal Alexandra Children’s Hospital, Brighton ceased designation as a PICU in 2014
2 Sheffield did not submit data for HDU beds in 2015 but nurse staffing establishment covers ICU and HD beds
1 ITU/ HDU beds are used flexibly if required

3 Belfast routinely admits patients under 14 years only
* The above information was recorded in November 2015

5
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016
B. CLINICAL ADVISORY GROUP MEMBERSHIP
Name
Position
NHS Trust / Hospital
Period served
Dr Rachel Agbeko
Paediatric Intensivist
Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
Great North Children’s Hospital
2012 - present
Dr John Alexander
Consultant in Paediatric Intensive Care
University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust
Royal Stoke University Hospital
2012 - present
Simon Chiles
Senior Charge Nurse
University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust
Leicester Royal Infirmary
2014 - present
Kathryn Claydon - Smith
Clinical Nurse Specialist
Central Manchester & Manchester Children’s University Hospitals
NHS Trust
Royal Manchester Children’s Hospital
2009 - present
Dr Peter Davis (Chair)
Consultant in Paediatric Intensive Care
University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust
Royal Hospital for Children
2006 - present
Dr Andrew Durward
(sharing with Dr Shane Tibby)
Consultant in Paediatric Intensive Care
Guy’s & St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust
Evelina Children’s Hospital
2002 - present
Judith Gray
Sister
Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
Newcastle Freeman Hospital
2015 - present
Dr Hilary Klonin
Consultant in Paediatric Intensive Care
Hull & East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust
Hull Royal Infirmary
2002 - present
Dr Jillian McFadzean
(representing Scotland)
Consultant in Paediatric Intensive Care
NHS Lothian – University Hospitals Division
Edinburgh Royal Hospital for Sick Children
2005 - 2015
Dr Cathy McMahon
Consultant in Paediatric Intensive Care
Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin 12 &
The Children’s University Hospital, Dublin
2011 -2016
Lesley Molony
Information Officer
Southampton Universities Hospital NHS Trust
Southampton Children’s Hospital
2013 - present
Dr Roddy O’Donnell
Consultant in Paediatric Intensive Care
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
Addenbrooke’s Hospital
2002 - present
Dr Paula Lister
Consultant Paediatric Intensivist
Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust
Great Ormond Street Hospital for Sick Children
2012 - present
Dr John Pappachan
(shared with Peter Wilson)
Anaesthetics and Paediatric Intensive Care
Medicine
Southampton Universities Hospital NHS Trust
Southampton Children’s Hospital
2012 - present
Dr Nazima Pathan
(shared with Roddy O’Donnell)
Consultant in Paediatric Intensive Care
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
Addenbrooke’s Hospital
2012 - present
Dr Adrian Plunkett
Consultant Paediatric Intensivist
Birmingham Children’s Hospital NHS Trust
Birmingham Children’s Hospital
2012 - present
Dr Padmanabhan Ramnarayan
Consultant
Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Trust
Children's Acute Transport Service
2012 - present

6
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016
Name
Position
NHS Trust / Hospital
Period served
Dr Kay Rushforth
Senior Sister
Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust
Leeds General Infirmary
2012 - 2015
Dr Mark Terris
(representing Northern Ireland)
Consultant Anaesthetist
Belfast Health and Social Care Trust
Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children
2014 - present
Dr Shane Tibby
(Shared with Dr Andrew Durward)
Consultant in Paediatric Intensive care
Guys and St Thomas Foundation Trust
Evelina Children’s Hospital
2011 - present
Dr Alistair Turner
Consultant in Paediatric Intensive Care
Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow
2016 - present
Dr Allan Wardhaugh
(representing Wales)
Consultant in Paediatric Intensive Care
Cardiff & Vale NHS Trust
University Hospital of Wales
2004 - present
Dr Peter Wilson
(shared with John Pappachan)
PICU Consultant
Southampton Universities Hospital NHS trust
Southampton Children’s Hospital
2011 - present

7
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016
C. STEERING GROUP MEMBERSHIP
Name
Position
Organisation
Representation
Period Served
Christopher Coslett
Directorate Manager for Cardiothoracic
Services and Critical Care
Cardiff University Hospitals
Wales, ICNARC
2016 - present
Dr Mark Darowski
Consultant Paediatric Anaesthetist
Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust
Leeds General Infirmary PICU
Royal College of Anaesthetists
2002 - 2015
Dr Peter Davis
Consultant in Paediatric Intensive Care
University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust
Bristol Royal Hospital for Children
Chair of PICANet CAG
2011 - present
Charlie Evans
Case Mix Programme Manager
Intensive Care National Audit & Research Centre
(ICNARC)
Intensive Care National Audit &
Research Centre (ICNARC)
2015 - present
Peter-Marc Fortune
Consultant Paediatric Intensivist
Associate Clinical Head
Royal Manchester Children’s Hospital

Paediatric Intensive Care Society
President (October 2016)
2016- Present
Julia Grace
National Commissioner
NHS England
National Commissioner for PIC CRG
2013 - 2016
Tasneem Hoosain
HQIP PICANet Coordinator
Healthcare Quality Improvement Partnership
Commissioning and funding body
2015-present
Rachel Lundy
National Commissioner
NHS England
National Commissioner for PIC CRG
2016-present
Dr Michael Marsh (Chair)
Consultant in Paediatric Intensive Care
Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust
Southampton Children’s Hospital PICU
Royal College of Paediatrics and Child
Health
2002 - present
Dr Jillian McFadzean
Consultant in Anaesthesia & Intensive
Care / PA
NHS Lothian – University Hospitals Division
Edinburgh Royal Hospital for Sick Children
Edinburgh Royal Hospital for Sick
Children
2005 - present
Jenny Mooney
Director of Operations
Healthcare Quality Improvement Partnership
Commissioning and funding body
2015- present
Dr Kevin Morris
Consultant in Paediatric Intensive Care
Birmingham Children’s Hospital NHS Trust
Birmingham Children’s Hospital PICU
Immediate Past President of the
Paediatric Intensive Care Society
2006 - 2016
Professor John Newton
Regional Director of Public Health
South Central Strategic Health Authority
Public Health England
2009 - 2015
Dr Gale Pearson
Consultant in Paediatric Intensive care
Birmingham Children’s Hospital NHS Trust
Birmingham Children’s Hospital
Chair of Paediatric Intensive Care
Clinical Reference Group
2015 - present
Dr Mark Peters
Clinical Unit Chair
Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children
Great Ormond Street Hospital, London
Chair of Paediatric Intensive Care
Society Study Group
2008 - 2016
Laura Reekie
Data Manager
NHS Lothian – University Hospitals Division
Edinburgh Royal Hospital for Sick Children
Database Representative
2005 - 2016
Lucy Lloyd Scott
Casemix Programme Manager
Intensive Care National Audit & Research Centre
(ICNARC)
Intensive Care National Audit &
Research Centre (ICNARC)
2002 – 2015
Dr Mark Terris
Consultant Anaesthetist
Belfast Health and Social Care Trust
Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children
Northern Ireland
2012 - present

8
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016
Name
Position
Organisation
Representation
Period Served
Heather Wardle
Matron PICU & Cardiac Children's
Services
Leeds Teaching hospital
PICS Nurse Management Group
2016-present
Dominique Gray Williams
Audit Co-ordinator
Welsh Health Specialised Services Committee
Welsh Health Specialised Services
Committee
2003 - 2016
Lucy Wheeler
Parent
N/A
Parent representation
2011 - present
Dr Peter Wilson
Clinical Director for Child Health
Southampton Children’s Hospital
Paediatric Intensive Care Society
President
2011 - present

9
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016
D. PIC FAMILIES GROUP MEMBERSHIP
Name
Position
Organisation
Period Served
Dr John Alexander
Consultant in Paediatric Intensive Care
University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust
Royal Stoke University Hospital
2010 – 2013
Re-joined 2015
Fiona Bickell
Retrieval Nurse Practitioner
South Thames Retrieval Service
2010 - present
Sarah Bundy
Family Liaison Sister
Birmingham Children’s Hospital NHS Trust
Birmingham Children’s Hospital PICU
2010 - present
Dr Gillian Colville
Clinical Psychologist
St George’s Healthcare NHS Trust
St George’s Hospital
2009 - present
Helene Craddock
Senior Staff Nurse
University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust
Bristol Royal Hospital for Children
2011 - present
Angela Danjelo
Lay Representative
N/A
2013 - present
Professor Elizabeth Draper
Principle Investigator
PICANet
2009 - present
Debra Ehala
Sister
Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
Great North Children’s Hospital
2009 - present
Kate Foden
Sister
University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust
Royal Stoke University Hospital
2013 - present
Phillip Hudnott
Audit Nurse
Central Manchester & Manchester Children’s University Hospitals NHS Trust
Royal Manchester Children’s Hospital
2011 - 2014
Dr Hilary Klonin
Consultant in Paediatric Intensive Care
Hull & East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust
Hull Royal Infirmary
2009 - present
Caroline Lamming
Research Nurse
PICANet
2009 - present
Sally Bolsover
Critical Care Sister
Sheffield Children’s NHS Foundation Trust
Sheffield Children’s Hospital
2011 - present
Shelley Marsh
Lay Representative
N/A
2011 - present
Tina McClelland
Audit Sister
Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust
Alder Hey Children’s Hospital
2009 - 2014
Petra Schroff
Family Liaison Nurse
Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust
Great Ormond Street Hospital for Sick Children
2011 - present
Karen Starkie
Retrieval Nurse
South Thames Retrieval Service
2013 – present
Adam Tansey
Lay Representative
N/A
2011 - present
Eleanor Willey
Family Liaison Nurse
Birmingham Children’s Hospital NHS Trust
Birmingham Children’s Hospital PICU
2014 – present

10
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016
E. DATA COLLECTION FORM - ADMISSION

11
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016

12
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016

13
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016
F. DATA COLLECTION FORM - REFERRAL

14
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016
G.
DATA COLLECTION FORM – TRANSPORT

15
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016

H. INFORMATION LEAFLET – FAMILIES AND CARERS

16
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016

17
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016
I. INFORMATION LEAFLET- CHILDREN

18
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016

19
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016
J. DATA VALIDATION FORM

20
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016

21
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016
K.
DATA VALIDATION REPORT

This is a sample validation report, these real-time reports along with many others, can be produced
by individual organisations through PICANet
Web.

22
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016

L.
PUBLICATIONS, ABSTRACTS & PRESENTATIONS 2013-2015
PUBLICATIONS
Journal
Title
Authors
Paediatric Critical Care Medicine 2013;
14(7): 673-81
Paediatric Index of Mortality 3: An Updated
Model for Predicting Mortality in Paediatric
Intensive Care.
Lahn Straney, Archie Clements, Roger C.
Parslow, Gale Pearson, Frank Shann, Jan
Alexander, Anthony Slater, for the
ANZICS Paediatric Study Group and
PICANet
Journal of Paediatrics 2013;163(4):
1039-44

Effects of out-of-hours and winter
admissions and number of patients per unit
on mortality in paediatric intensive care.
McShane P, Draper ES, McKinney PA,
McFadzean J, Parslow RC.
Intensive Care Med 2013;39(6):
1080-87
Risk-adjusted monitoring of blood-stream
infection in paediatric intensive care: a data
linkage study.
Harron K, Wade A, Muller-Pebody B,
Goldstein H, Parslow R, Gray J, Hartley
JC, Mok Q, Gilbert R.
PLOS ONE 2013; 8 (12): e.85278
Linkage, Evaluation and Analysis of National
Electronic Healthcare Data: Application to
Providing Enhanced Blood-Stream Infection
Surveillance in Paediatric Intensive Care.
Katie Harron, Harvey Goldstein, Angie
Wade, Berit Muller-Pebody, Roger
Parslow, Ruth Gilbert
N Engl J Med 2014;370(2): 107-18
A randomized trial of hyperglycemic control
in paediatric intensive care.
Macrae D, Grieve R, Allen E, Sadique Z,
Morris K, Pappachan J, Parsow R, Tasker
RC, Elbourne D
Health Technology Assessment 2014;
18 (26): 1-209
A clinical and economic evaluation of
Control of Hyperglycaemia in Paediatric
intensive care (CHiP): a randomised
controlled trial.
Duncan Macrae, Richard Grieve,
Elizabeth Allen, Zia Sadique, Helen Betts,
Kevin Morris, Vithayathil John
Pappachan, Roger Parslow, Robert C
Tasker, Paul Baines, Michael Broadhead,
Mark L Duthie, Peter-Marc Fortune,
David Inwald, Paddy McMaster, Mark J
Peters, Margrid Schindler, Carla
Guerriero, Deborah Piercy, Zdenek
Slavik, Claire Snowdon, Laura Van Dyck
and Diana Elbourne
Intensive Care Medicine 2014; 40 (12):
1916-23
Risk of bloodstream infection in children
admitted to paediatric intensive care units
in England and Wales following emergency
inter-hospital transfer.
Katie Harron, Quen Mok, Roger Parslow,
Berit Muller Pebody, Ruth Gilbert and
Padmanabhan Ramnarayan.
BMJ Open 2014;4(11): e006647
Estimating the incidence, prevalence and
true cost of asthma in the UK: Secondary
analysis of national stand-alone and linked
databases in England, Northern Ireland,
Scotland and Wales-A study protocol.
Mukherjee M, Gupta R, Farr A, Heaven
M, Stoddart A, Nwaru BI, Fitzsimmons D,
Chamberlain G, Bandyopadhyay A,
Fischbacher C, Dibben C, Shields M,
Phillips C, Strachan D, Davies G,
McKinstry B, Sheikh A, McClelland K,
Hamilton K, Burgess K, Stewart R,
McVeigh S, Murray P, Gingles J, Maguire
J, Kennedy C, Myers J, Doole C, Rosato
M, Brunton C, Walsh C, McKeown N,
Fitzpatrick S, McLoughlin R, Vitty A,
Copyright C, Batchelor J, McShane P,
Fleming S, Parslow R, Robinson E,
Hickford D, Dingle H, Lloyd-Scott L,
Harrison D, Martin P, Hussey L, Agius R,
Price D, Von Ziegenweidt J, Carter V,

23
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016
Journal
Title
Authors
Skinner D, Hutton C, Bathie E, Chisolm A,
Been J, Kotz D, Payne R, Julious S,
Goodacre S, Devereux G, Steiner M, Weir
C, Parker R, Feng Z, McAllister D, Carter
R, May L, Limb E, Vidal-Diez A, Carey I,
Dickie C, Malloy A, Milligan D, Barclay K,
Ho D, Alexander M, Burns G, McAnaw J,
Hourcastagné P, Ralph L, Smith A, Walker
C, Mikolajczak D, Briggs R, Hopkins L,
Wilson L, Bell M, Quirk S, Morris C,
Simpson M, Sisk R, Haddow C, Nowell S,
Hair D, Duffy A, Robertson I, Pritchard A,
Peacock J, Fleming M, Kirby B, Clark D,
Caldwell J, Young C, Bailey A, Melrose C,
Morrice L, Douglas A, Bromley C,
Campbell R, Wierzoch A.
N Engl J Med 2014; 370 (2): 107-18
A randomized trial of hyperglycemic control
in pediatric intensive care.
Macrae D, R Grieve, E Allen, Z Sadique, K
Morris, J Pappachan, R Parslow, RC
Tasker, D Elbourne
BMJ Quality & Safety 2014; 23 (9):
782-8
Differences in case-mix can influence the
comparison of standardised mortality ratios
even with optimal risk adjustment: an
analysis of data from paediatric intensive
care.
Manktelow BN, TA Evans, and ES Draper.
Critical care medicine
2015;43(5):1070-78
Monitoring Quality of Care Through Linkage
of Administrative Data: National Trends in
Bloodstream Infection in U.K. PICUs 2003-
2012.
Harron K, Parslow R, Mok Q, Tibby SM,
Wade A, Muller-Pebody B, Gilbert R.
BMJ Open 2015; 5 (8): e008118
Data linkage errors in hospital
administrative data when applying a
pseudonymisation algorithm to paediatric
intensive care records.
Hagger-Johnson G, K Harron, T Fleming,
R Gilbert, H Goldstein, R Landy, RC
Parslow
Resuscitation 2015; 97: 122-128
Observational study of children admitted to
United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland
Paediatric Intensive Care Units after out-of-
hospital cardiac arrest.
Scholefield, B.R., F. Gao, H.P. Duncan,
R.C. Tasker, R.C. Parslow, E.S. Draper, P.
McShane, P. Davies, K.P. Morris
Seizure: European Journal of Epilepsy
2015; 29: 153-161
Admissions to paediatric intensive care
units (PICU) with refractory convulsive
status epilepticus (RCSE): A two-year multi-
centre study.
Tully, I., E.S. Draper, C.R. Lamming, D.
Mattison, C. Thomas, T. Martland, R.
Appleton
ABSTRACTS
Abstract
Title
Authors
24th ESPNIC Annual Meeting, Rotterdam,
12th-15th June 2013 (Oral Presentation)
Weight-for-age distribution and
case-mix adjusted outcomes of
14,205 critically ill children
N.J. Prince, K. Brown, R.C. Parslow, M.J.
Peters
PICS 2015 conference, 14th-16th September
2015

Descriptive Epidemiology of
Admissions to PICU of Children Less
Than 2 Years Old Who Were Born
Post-Term in the UK and the
Republic of Ireland, 2003-2014
M. Kapetanstrataki, S.J. Fleming, E. S. Draper,
K. Johnson, R. C. Parslow
Survival Analysis for Junior Researchers
Conference, 13-14 April 2016
Survival in Paediatric Intensive Care
Units (PICU) and Beyond, England
Kapetanstrataki M, Fleming SJ, Parslow RC

24
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016
and Wales, 2004 -2014
PRESENTATIONS
Meeting/Conference
Venue
Date
Presentation Title
PICANet Team Attendees
24th ESPNIC Annual Meeting
Rotterdam,
Netherlands
12-
15/06/2013
Presentation on
‘Epidemiology of paediatric
and neonatal intensive care’
Liz Draper
PICANet AGM
University
Hospitals Bristol
Education centre
13/11/2013
Presentation on National
Report
Roger Parslow/ Liz Draper
PIC Directors Meeting
London
25/03/2014
Capacity in PIC
Liz Draper
East Midlands PIC
Commissioners
NEC Birmingham
04/2014
Ten year trends in PIC
Liz Draper
PICANet AGM
Manchester
05/11/2014
Presentation on National
Report
PICANet Team
HQIP Clinical Audit & QI
Awards. Junior Doctors
Finals Day
Leicester
19/11/2014
National Clinical Audit
Update - PICANet
Liz Draper
Royal College of Paediatrics
and Child Health Annual
Conference 2015
ICC, Birmingham
29/04/2015
Prolonged invasive
ventilation in paediatric
intensive care: children
resident in England and
Wales, 2004-2013
S Fleming, K Morris, C Lamming;
A Evans; R Parslow; E Draper
29th Annual PICS Conference
ICC, Birmingham
14-
16/09/2015
Survival in PICU and beyond
Roger Parslow, Sarah Fleming,
Melpo Kapetanstrataki
PICANet AGM
Royal College of
Nursing, London
04/11/2015
Presentation on National
Report
PICANet Team

25
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016
M. STAFFING STUDY DATA COLLECTION FORMS 2015-16

26
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016

27
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016

28
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016

29
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016

30
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016

N.
DATA REQUESTS DECEMBER 2014 – DECEMBER 2015
More detailed information can be requested from xxx@xxx.xx
Request Date
Name
Position & Place of
Work
Data requested
Date
Provided
What has been/ will be done with the
data?

17/12/2015

Alison Kemp

Professor of Child
Health, Cardiff
University
Admissions Dataset 1. Patient details –ethnic category, date of birth, sex,
birth order, case note number 2. All fields under Admission Details 3.
PIM2/PIM3 – Main reason for PICU admission, 3. Diagnoses and
Procedures – Primary diagnosis for this admission, other reasons for this
admission, operations and procedures performed during or prior to this
admission, co-morbidity, , mechanical ventilation, comorbidity 4. All
fields under Discharge Information 5. All fields under Follow up 30 Days
Post Discharge from your Unit Referral Dataset 1. Patient details, ethnic
category, date of birth, sex, birth order, GP practice code 2. Referral
details – Date and Time of Referral Call, Referring Unit, Referring
Speciality, Outcome of this Referral Event, Destination Unit (or location)
Transport Dataset 1. Patient details - Patient details –ethnic category,
other ethnic category, date of birth, sex, case note number 2. Transport
details – Collection unit (or location) and destination unit (or location),
date and time accepted for transport, transport number, outcome of this
transport event, parent accompanying 3. Transport Times – base to
collection unit -organisational delay, base to collection not applicable,
depart base, arrive collection unit (or location) 4. Transport journey-
patient journey – patient journey not applicable, mode of transport,
depart collection unit, arrive destination unit, organisational delay. This
national programme continues the work of the Confidential Enquiry into
Child Health (CMACE) and more recently the Child Health Reviews – UK
undertaken by the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health. This

Ongoing
This national programme continues the
work of the Confidential Enquiry into
Child Health (CMACE) and more
recently the Child Health Reviews – UK
undertaken by the Royal College of
Paediatrics and Child Health. This new
programme will be undertaken in
partnership with Swansea University
and will add to the previous work to
define the full pathway of care and
access to services for children. The
programme will look at routinely
collected datasets (e.g. PICANET) .
Where we can, we will link
administrative health care data, which
offers a source of data to provide a
population based overview of
adolescent mental health and
childhood neurodisability (we do not
intent to link PICANET data with any
other routinely collected data
however) . The data requested in this
form is for the child neurodisability

31
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016
new programme will be undertaken in partnership with Swansea
University and will add to the previous work to define the full pathway of
care and access to services for children. The programme will look at
routinely collected datasets (e.g. PICANET). Where we can, we will link
administrative health care data, which offers a source of data to provide
a population based overview of adolescent mental health and childhood
neurodisability (we do not intent to link PICANET data with any other
routinely collected data however) . The data requested in this form is for
the child neurodisability aspect of the project, and will explore routinely
collected administrative healthcare data. Cerebral palsy has been
selected as an index condition for chronic neurodisability.
aspect of the project, and will explore
routinely collected administrative
healthcare data. Cerebral palsy has
been selected as an index condition for
chronic neurodisability.

16/12/2015

Ann John

Associate Professor,
Swansea University
(Farr Institute)
Admissions Dataset: 1.Patient details – postcode, ethnic category, other
ethnic category, NHS/CHI/H&C number, NHS/CHI/H&C number eligibility,
case note number, date of birth, sex, GP practice code. 2. All fields under
Admission Details 3.PIM2/PIM3 – Main reason for PICU admission 4.
Diagnoses and Procedures – Primary diagnosis for this admission, other
reasons for this admission, co-morbidity 5.All fields under Growth
Measurements 6.All fields under Discharge Information 7.All fields under
Follow up 30 Days Post Discharge from your Unit Referral Dataset:
1.Patient details – postcode, ethnic category, other ethnic category,
NHS/CHI/H&C number, NHS/CHI/H&C number eligibility, date of birth,
sex, GP practice code. 2.Referral details –Date and time of referral call,
Referring Unit, Referring Speciality, Outcome of this Referral Event,
Destination Unit (or location) Transport Dataset: 1.Patient details –
postcode, NHS/CHI/H&C number, NHS/CHI/H&C number eligibility, date
of birth, sex, case note number (destination PICU) 2.Transport details –
date and time accepted for transport, transport number, collection unit
(or location), parents accompanying, outcome of this transport event,
destination unit (or location). 3. Transport Times: base to collection unit
– base to collection unit not applicable, depart base, arrive collection
unit (or location) organisational delay 4.Transport Times: patient journey
– patient journey not applicable, mode of transport, depart collection

Ongoing
This national programme continues the
work of the Confidential Enquiry into
Child Health (CMACE) and more
recently the Child Health Reviews – UK
undertaken by the Royal College of
Paediatrics and Child Health. This new
programme will be undertaken in
partnership with Cardiff University and
will add to the previous work to define
the full pathway of care and access to
services for children. The programme
will link administrative health care
data, which offers a source of data to
provide a population based overview of
adolescent mental health and
childhood neurodisability, with
confidential case note reviews, which
are detailed enough to explore
complex pathways of care, between
primary and secondary care, health
and social care, and access to

32
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016
unit, arrive destination unit, organisational delay. This national
programme continues the work of the Confidential Enquiry into Child
Health (CMACE) and more recently the Child Health Reviews – UK
undertaken by the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health. This
new programme will be undertaken in partnership with Cardiff
University and will add to the previous work to define the full pathway of
care and access to services for children. The programme will link
administrative health care data, which offers a source of data to provide
a population based overview of adolescent mental health and childhood
neurodisability, with confidential case note reviews, which are detailed
enough to explore complex pathways of care, between primary and
secondary care, health and social care, and access to educational needs.
In addition to this two surveys will be undertaken: one to look at the
organisation of care and one to gain the views of patients, relatives and
associated groups. The data requested in this form is for the adolescent
mental health aspect of the project, and will explore routinely collected
administrative healthcare data.
educational needs. In addition to this
two surveys will be undertaken: one to
look at the organisation of care and
one to gain the views of patients,
relatives and associated groups. The
data requested in this form is for the
adolescent mental health aspect of the
project, and will explore routinely
collected administrative healthcare
data.

15/12/2015

Patrick Davies

Consultant PICU,
Nottingham
University Hospitals
All patients over a 5 year span who have been admitted to a PIC directly
from a Neonatal unit. Gestational age at birth Age at admission to PIC
Weight Sex Outcome (discharge and 30 days) Discharge date
Tracheostomy inserted yes/no Number of invasive ventilated days
Number of tracheostomy ventilated days Number of non-invasive
ventilated days Ventilation status at discharge from PIC Oxygen status at
discharge If applicable, date of death and diagnosis leading to death

26/01/2016

To investigate the outcome of these
babies and try to work out what their
pathways are

25/11/2015

P Ramnarayan

Consultant in
PICU/Retrieval,
CATS, Great
Ormond Street
Hospital
Date of PICU admission; Admission type; Source of admission; Care area;
PIM-2 score; Date of PICU discharge/death; Vital status at discharge;
Invasive ventilation days; NIV days; ICU-free days at 28 days; VFD at 28
days. To describe changes over the past decade in clinical outcomes
(mortality, LOS, LOV, VFD-28, ICU free days at 28 days) for the 3 main
types of PICU admissions (planned, unplanned from same hospital and
unplanned from other hospital), including changes in the PIM-2 score
between the groups over the past decade.

04/12/2015
To describe changes over the past
decade in clinical outcomes (mortality,
LOS, LOV, VFD-28, ICU free days at 28
days) for the 3 main types of PICU
admissions (planned, unplanned from
same hospital and unplanned from
other hospital), including changes in
the PIM-2 score between the groups

33
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016
over the past decade.
16/11/2015
David Inwald
PICU Consultant,
Imperial NHS Trust
CRN, admit date, primary and secondary diagnoses, all comorbidities,
ideally in single Excel sheet format with above
16/11/2015
Audit

26/10/2015

Andrew
Nyman
PICU Consultant,
Evelina Hospital,
London

Follow up on previous data request for all admissions to PICU for years
2013 and 2014 inclusive.

25/11/2015
Report outcome and activity data for
asthma

21/10/2015

Jessica Bate
Locum Consultant,
University Hospital
Southampton

Number of children with underlying diagnosis of cancer admitted to PICU
from 1 Jan 2002 to 1 Jan 2012

19/11/2015
To describe this rare complication in
children with cancer requiring intensive
care

24/08/2015

Bronagh
Blackwood

Senior Lecturer,
Queen's University,
Belfast
Primary diagnosis Diagnostic group Number of admissions for this
diagnosis Median days of invasive ventilation Lower IQR and Upper IQR
Number of invasive ventilation days delivered Number of admissions
with 1 day of IV Number of admissions with 1 or 2 days IV % admissions
with 1 day of IV % admissions with 1 or 2 days of IV. To evaluate the
efficacy of a sedation and ventilator weaning protocol in reducing
duration of mechanical ventilation

08/09/2015

To evaluate the efficacy of a sedation
and ventilator weaning protocol in
reducing duration of mechanical
ventilation

21/08/2015

Pia Hardelid

Senior Research
Associate, UCL
Institute of Child
Health
We require data on all admissions for influenza or suspected influenza to
PICUs between 2003 and 2015. The data items we require are: 1.
Demographic/birth: age at admission (in weeks), gender, ethnic group,
gestational age, birth weight, birth order, multiplicity 2. Admission:
admission date, Anonymised PICU ID, previous ICU admissions, transfer,
admission source, admitted from, main reason for admission,
planned/unplanned 3. PIM2/3: elective admission, reason for admission,
past medical history, blood gases, intubation, headbox, FiO2, mechanical
ventilation, CPAP, pupil reaction, PIM/PIM2/3 score including PICANet
recalibrated scores 4. Diagnoses: primary diagnoses, other diagnoses,
comorbidity, tracheostomy during admission 5. Interventions during
admission: airway and ventilator support, ECMO, infusion of inotrope,
renal interventions. Daily intervention data (PCCMDS) grouped into HRGs

20/01/2016

The aim of the study is to determine
the burden of influenza in PICUs in the
UK, and describe characteristics and
outcomes of admitted children before,
during and after the 2009 pandemic.

34
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016
is requested for those PICUs who submit this to PICANet for a sub-
analysis of level of care delivered for the later admissions (we recognise
that the PCCMDS data will not be available for all PICUs and only for later
years). 6. Discharge: dead/alive, date of discharge, discharge destination
We request data items listed in point 1 to estimate influenza admission
rates to PICU according to demographic characteristics, and according to
birth characteristics (for babies aged less than one year). Denominators
for these analyses will obtained from the Office for National Statistics.
The data items requested in point 2, 3 and 4 will be used to describe
characteristics of children admitted to ICU with influenza/suspected
influenza in terms of their method of admission, timing of admission in
relation to influenza season, severity of illness at admission and
comorbidities. A variable indicating ICU admissions within the same PICU
will be used to examine potential differences in testing and diagnosis of
influenza. The data items requested in point 4 (tracheostomy during
admission) and points 5 and 6 will be used to determine outcomes
among children with influenza in intensive care: mortality, need for
assisted ventilation and renal support. Discharge and admission dates
will be used to calculate length of stay in ICU. The aim of the study is to
determine the burden of influenza in PICUs in the UK, and describe
characteristics and outcomes of admitted children before, during and
after the 2009 pandemic.

19/08/2015

Philip Hudnott
Research Nurse,
Royal Manchester
Children's Hospital
Number of patients readmitted to PICU within 48 hours of discharge
grouped in to totals each month.

19/08/2015

Data needed for CQC visit to Trust

12/08/2015

Kevin Morris

Consultant in PICU,
Birmingham
Children\'s Hospital

The number of children admitted to UK + Eire PICUs with a diagnosis of
\'meningitis\' and \'encephalitis\'. Also the proportion of these groups
that underwent ICP monitoring, broken down by age bands ideally (12
years).

14/08/2015
I am presenting at PICS Conference
(14th to 16th Sept) and would like to
set the scene with the numbers of
children currently admitted to PICUs
and how often ICP monitoring is being
used across different age bands

35
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016

16/07/2015

Mark S
Gilthorpe
Professor of
Statistical
Epidemiology,
University of Leeds

Continued use of the data sought by Ms Omnia Aminas as part of her
MSc project (submitted: 17/03/15)

12/08/2015
Data were sought initially by Ms Omnia
Aminas (as part of her MSc project) to
undertake preliminary/pilot work on
methods development with a view that
such work would form the basis of a
grant proposal to go to external
funding bodies, for which this (follow-
on) access to data request would be
made. Unfortunately, Ms Aminas
withdrew from this project and there
was no progress made on the proposed
preliminary work by her. It is therefore
proposed that the preliminary/pilot
work is instead undertaken by the now
named applicant (Prof Mark S
Gilthorpe) and his main methodological
collaborator (Dr Marc de Kamps).
Preliminary investigation of new
methods development will form the
basis of a grant proposal to be
submitted late 2015 or sometime in
2016, depending upon progress of the
pilot work. The target external funding
body will be initially the MRC
(methodology panel), as the intended
proposal will be linked to the
established MRC Centre for Medical
Bioinformatics based at the University
of Leeds. The preliminary/pilot work
will explore the feasibility of developing
new methods and novel applications of
existing methods to assess outcomes in

36
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016
paediatric intensive care, specifically
to: a) help identify, with improved
precision, factors associated with
better patient outcomes b) identify
patient subgroups at greatest risk of
death or specific morbidities who
might therefore be suitable for entry
into clinical trials that seek to evaluate
novel interventions or improved
patient care c) elucidate potential
causal factors from non-causal factors
amongst the relationships identified as
highly predictive of patient outcomes
d) assess the performance of these
new methodologies through the re-
analysis of earlier published studies
From this work it is hoped that
methodologies developed can be
applied to the exploration of complex
routinely collected healthcare data
(often called ‘big data’) beyond the
paediatric intensive care setting We
will apply conventional statistical
methods such as generalised linear and
mixed modelling along with Bayesian
networks to model the patient journey
through the paediatric intensive care
system to address a), b) and c) above.
Moreover, we intend to investigate the
viability of so-called Deep Learning
architectures to capture hidden
regularities in these patient journeys.

37
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016
Scientific outputs (e.g. abstracts,
journal publications, funding proposals)
arising from this work will involve
collaborators listed below according to
appropriate levels of input, but always
specifically informed by the lead
collaborator, Dr Roger Parslow. A key
outcome will be the identification of
potential new methods or applications
of existing methods that would
improve the assessment of outcomes
in paediatric intensive care, followed
by the submission of at least one grant
for external funding to develop these
ideas further. The research team will
offer a seminar and/or workshop on
methods developed, once complete,
for dissemination at appropriate
venues such as PICANet affiliated
departments or at relevant
conferences. We understand that we
seek access to an unusually large
amount of data, but access will be
limited to the research team, data will
be stored on a secure server at the
University of Leeds with the same
security arrangements as the main
PICANet server, and Dr Parslow, a
member of the research team and co-
PI for PICANet, will have direct
involvement in and oversight of how
the data are analysed.

38
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016

06/07/2015

Serena Braccio
Data Manager,
Research
coordinator, Public
Health England
0-16 year old children admitted to PICU in UK and Republic of Ireland
with Enterovirus or Human Parechovirus infection (positive culture
and/or PCR from any site). To inform evidence-based national guidance
and to prompt a new surveillance study on Enterovirus and Human
Parechovirus serious infection

22/09/2015
To inform evidence-based national
guidance and to prompt a new
surveillance study on Enterovirus and
Human Parechovirus serious infection

01/07/2015

Dora Wood

SpR, Great Ormond
Street Hospital
For children aged 12 years and older at admission : age at admission
length of stay admission PIM2 score year admitted sex source of
admission admission type primary diagnosis outcome invasive ventilation
tracheostomy ECMO vasoactive therapy renal support ICP device.
Comparison of characteristics and outcome of teenagers admitted to
intensive care units (with data from ICNARC\'s CMP).

27/08/2015

Comparison of characteristics and
outcome of teenagers admitted to
intensive care units (with data from
ICNARC\'s CMP).

03/06/2015

Samiran Ray

Great Ormond
Street Hospital

Mortality data for children retrieved by CATS in the period between
01/10/2013 and 30/09/2014.

31/07/2015
As approximately only 40% of children
have arterial gases available at the time
of admission to ICU, the oxygenation
variable is likely to be under-
represented in the PIM score. Oxygen
saturations measured using
plethysmography however is used
universally. We have created an
saturation based relcement for the
PaO2/Fio2 variable in the PIM score
and aim to validate it on the children
retrieved via CATS between
01/10/2013 and 30/09/2014

06/05/2015

Alison Booth

Research Fellow,
Centre for Reviews
& Dissemination
Total number of records for children (age 28 days to <=16) who have had
a cardiac arrest between 1st January 2010 and 1 May 2015 - number
where location of arrest was pre-hospital - number of these where the
location of arrest was an emergency department - number where the
location of arrest was a PICU We are also interested in data on duration
of resuscitation but understand collection of this information is not
within the remit of PICANET.

07/07/2015
Our proposed research aims to develop
prediction models that will explore
when and in what circumstances it
might be appropriate to stop CPR in
children and young people. It will also
explore how such information is best
shared with families, providing an

39
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016
evidence base to support the
management and involvement of
parents and carers in decision-making
processes.

01/05/2015

Julia Grace
Accountable
Commissioner, PCC
CRG, NHS England
For all Level 3 PCC\'s - for the following years: Oct 11 - Feb 12 Oct 12 -
Feb 13 Oct 13 - Feb 14 Admissions and Discharges per month Occupied
bed days per month

11/05/2015
Planning and development of
appropriate winter surge plans.

17/04/2015

Clare Wilson

SHO, St Mary's
Hospital, London

Full dataset, including PIM2 score

29/05/2015
Troponin is routinely measured on all
children admitted to our PICU. We
want to review and correlate this with
the clinical parameters available
through PICANET.

23/03/2015

Philip Keel

Scientist, Public
Health England
Please could you supply the following data for all children admitted to
PICUs in England with a diagnosis of Varicella. The date range is January
1st 2004 – December 31st 2013 Age at admission Sex Week, month and
year of admission. PIM2 score Length of stay in days Ventilation mode
(IV, NIV, IV and NIV, none) Ventilation days (NIV, IV) Discharge outcome
(Alive/Dead) Primary and secondary diagnoses (Read Codes and
associated terms) Source of Admission Health Region

01/05/2015
We are currently producing an update
paper on the epidemiology of varicella
in England. Using data on PICU
submissions will allow us to explore the
burden of disease at the severe end of
the spectrum.

19/03/2015

Karen Keown

ST6 Trainee PICU,
Royal Belfast
Hospital for Sick
Children
1. Number of patients with Bronchiolitis as primary diagnosis 2. Number
of these patients invasively Ventilated, number of patients ventilated
with advanced vent (HFOV) 3. Number of patients with primary diagnosis
of Bronchiolitis requiring use of Nitric Oxide 4. Number of patients with
primary diagnosis of Bronchiolitis requiring inotropes. To ascertain
numbers and level of support for bronchiolitis patients this winter, with
comparative figures with last winter

01/05/2015

Significant morbidity associated with
Bronchiolitis in our unit winter 2014,
figures for internal audit and analysis
and to facilitate planning and resources
for next winter.

40
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016

18/03/2015

Simon
Drysdale

Academic Clinical
Lecturer, University
of Oxford
All' available (e.g. demographics, LOS, type & duration of ventilation/O2,
inotrope use, medications prescribed, fluids prescribed, underlying
medical conditions, diagnoses on PICU etc) anonymised PICAnet data for
children admitted to UK PICUs and testing positive for human
metapneumovirus (HMPV). To assess the burden of disease and
healthcare costs of HMPV to PICU services in the UK to help provide a
case for the development of a new vaccine/treatment.

02/09/2015

To assess the burden of disease and
healthcare costs of HMPV to PICU
services in the UK to help provide a
case for the development of a new
vaccine/treatment.

17/03/2015

Omnia Izzeldin
Kamil Amin

MSc student,
University of Leeds
Patient demographics Age in months Sex IMD Ethnic category Other
ethnic category Birth order (all admissions) Gestational age at delivery
Multiplicity Admission details Admission time of day Admission month
Admission day (Mon, Tue etc.) Admission quarter of year (Autumn,
Winter, etc.) Admission number Type of admission to unit Previous ICU
admission Source of admission Care area admitted from Retrieval/
transfer Type of transport team Retrieval by Transport team Other
transport team PIM2 / PIM3 elements Elective admission Main reason
for PICU admission Recovery from surgery: procedure Is evidence
available to assess past medical history Cardiac arrest before ICU
admission Cardiac arrest OUT of hospital Cardiomyopathy or myocarditis
Severe combined immune deficiency (SCIDS) Hypoplastic left heart
syndrome Leukaemia or lymphoma after completion of first induction
Liver failure main reason for ICU admission Admitted following cardiac
bypass Acute Necrotising Enterocolitis (NEC) main reason for ICU
admission Spontaneous cerebral haemorrhage Neurodegenerative
disorder Severe developmental delay Human Immunodeficiency Virus
(HIV) Bone marrow transplant recipient Systolic blood pressure Blood
gas measured? Arterial PaO2: Oxygen pressure (kPa) Arterial PaO2:
Oxygen pressure (mmHg) FiO2 Intubation Headbox Base excess Base
excess: Source Lactate Lactate: Source Mechanical ventilation CPAP Pupil
reaction Tracheostomy Is the patient on a clinical trial Clinical trial name
Height Weight Abdominal circumference Comments Status at discharge
from your unit Discharged for palliative care Date of discharge Time of
discharge Date of death Time of death Destination following discharge

20/05/2015
1) This is a Master’s student project
that will address the development of
new methodologies to assess
outcomes in paediatric intensive care;
specifically to: a) help identify, with
improved precision, factors associated
with better patient outcomes b)
identify patient subgroups at greatest
risk of death or specific morbidities
who might therefore be suitable for
entry into clinical trials that seek to
evaluate novel interventions or
improved patient care c) elucidate
potential causal factors from non-
causal factors amongst the
relationships identified as highly
predictive of patient outcomes d)
assess the performance of these new
methodologies through the re-analysis
of earlier published studies 2) From this
work it is hoped that methodologies
developed can be applied to the
exploration of complex routinely
collected healthcare data (often called
‘big data’) beyond the paediatric

41
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016
from your unit Destination following discharge from your unit: hospital
area Follow up 30 days post discharge from your unit Location at 30 days
following discharge from your unit Location at 30 days following
discharge from your unit: hospital area Invasive ventilation Invasive
ventilation: days Non-invasive ventilation Non-invasive ventilation: days
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) IV vasoactive drug
therapy Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) Intracranial pressure device
Intracranial pressure device (ventricular drain) Intracranial pressure
device (ICP bolt) Renal support Renal support: haemofiltration Renal
support: haemodialysis Renal support: plasmafiltration Renal support:
plasma exchange Renal support: peritoneal dialysis Diagnoses and
Procedures Primary Diagnosis Other Reason Operation or Procedure Co-
Morbidity Daily Interventions Activity date No defined critical care
activity Continuous ECG monitoring Continuous pulse oximetry Invasive
ventilation via endotracheal tube Invasive ventilation via tracheostomy
tube Non-invasive ventilatory support Advanced ventilatory support (jet
ventilation) Advanced ventilatory support (oscillatory ventilation)
Nasopharyngeal airway Tracheostomy cared for by nursing staff
Supplemental oxygen therapy (irrespective of ventilatory state) High flow
nasal cannula therapy Upper airway obstruction requiring nebulised
adrenaline (epinephrine) Apnoea requiring intervention (>3 in 24 hours
or requiring bag and mask ventilation) Acute severe asthma requiring
intravenous bronchodilator therapy or continuous nebuliser Unplanned
extubation Arterial line monitoring External pacing Central venous
pressure monitoring Continuous infusion of inotrope, vasodilator or
prostaglandin Bolus IV fluids (>80 ml/kg/day) in addition to maintenance
IV fluids Cardio-pulmonary resuscitation Extracorporeal membrane
oxygenation (ECMO) Ventricular assist device (VAD) Aortic balloon pump
Peritoneal dialysis Haemofiltration Haemodialysis Plasma filtration
Plasma exchange ICP-intracranial pressure monitoring Intraventricular
catheter or external ventricular drain Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
requiring continuous infusion of insulin Exchange transfusion
intensive care setting 3) The Masters
project will provide pilot information
on the feasibility for a larger scientific
proposal to go to external funding
bodies for research into developing
methodologies appropriate for ‘big
data’, linked to the established MRC
Centre for Medical Bioinformatics at
the University of Leeds We will apply
conventional statistical methods such
as generalised linear and mixed
modelling along with Bayesian
networks to model the patient journey
through the paediatric intensive care
system to address a), b) and c) above.
Moreover, we intend to investigate the
viability of so-called Deep Learning
architectures to capture hidden
regularities in these patient journeys.
Scientific outputs (e.g. abstracts,
journal publications, funding proposals)
arising from this work will involve
collaborators listed below according to
appropriate levels of input. A key
outcome will be the outline proposal of
at least one grant for external funding
to develop methods further. A further
data request will be submitted for the
continued use of the PICANet dataset
provided for this request to be used as
part of the grant proposal. The
research team will offer a seminar

42
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016
Intravenous thrombolysis Extracorporeal liver support using molecular
absorbent recirculating system (MARS) Patient nursed in single
occupancy cubicle Medical gases band 1 - nitric oxide Surfactant Reason
for isolation
and/or workshop on the methods
developed for dissemination at
appropriate venues, such as PICANet
affiliated departments or at relevant
conferences. We understand that we
have requested an unusually large
amount of data which may cause
concern about how it is used and
where it will be stored. Access to the
data will be limited to the research
team and will be stored on a secure
server at the University of Leeds with
the same security arrangements as the
main PICANet server. As a member of
the research team, Dr Parslow, who is a
co-PI for PICANet will have direct
involvement in and oversight of how
the data is analysed.

10/03/2015
Louise
Eastland
The Portland
Hospital
If possible I require a report regarding the number of bed days seperated
into HDU and PICU levels of care for each individual month from the
start March 14 to End of Feb 2015.

23/03/2015

Data for submission to CQC

26/02/2015

Bronagh
Blackwood

Senior Lecturer,
Queens University
Belfast

We'd like data for the following variables: PICU ID Event ID Admission
date Admission time Discharge date Discharge time Admission type (all
admissions) Ventilation status (none; invasive; non-invasive) Age of the
child in weeks Number of ventilator days (invasive; non-invasive).

16/04/2015
The intervention in the SANDWICH trial
is a bundle comprising sedation and
ventilation weaning practice. It will
most likely involve titrating sedation to
achieve a sedation level appropriate to
a stage in the ventilator weaning
process terminating with a daily
screening of readiness to undertake a
2-h SBT prior to extubation. The main
outcomes that will make a meaningful
difference for patients/parents and

43
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016
healthcare resource are the duration of
mechanical ventilation and PICU LOS.
Generally, children who are admitted
following elective surgery who, once
awake, are extubated quickly without
the need for a 2-h SBT are not likely to
receive the sedation and ventilation
bundle and perhaps should be
excluded from the trial or the analysis.
Furthermore, there are 20 PICUs that
have expressed an interest in
participating in this study and there are
some differences in terms of
geographical location, size of unit and
staffing, and usual care practices. We
intend to explore these factors by
interrogating data from the paediatric
clinical database. ANALYSIS
OBJECTIVES: To provide information
relevant to the SANDWICH trial
regarding number of (a) ventilation
days and (b) PICU LOS for the purpose
of determining: -What is the
distribution [mean/SD; median/IQR] of
these outcomes across PICUs on all
admissions of invasively ventilated
children? -What is the distribution of
these outcomes across PICUs for
planned (elective) admissions and non-
planned admissions of invasively
ventilated children? -Does the
distribution of these outcomes vary

44
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016
across PICUs for the 8 main reasons for
PICU admission? -What is the number
of invasively ventilated children who
are discharged < 12 and < 24 hours
across all PICUs? -Are there differences
in the distribution of these outcomes
between PICUs that have
nurse/physiotherapy staff trained to
wean ventilation (n = 6 units) versus
those that do not? -Are there
differences in the distribution of these
outcomes between PICUs that always
practice 24/7 extubation (n = 3 units)
versus those units that do not?

20/02/2015

Jenny Morris

MSc Epidemiology
& Biostats Student,
University of Leeds

Summary Interventions PCCMDS (2007-2013) Sex, Age (in weeks)
Diagnostic Groups Ethnicity PIMr and Variables Source of admission
Admission type Admission date Discharge data: date and discharge
status Tracheostomy performed Unit (de-identified) Primary Diagnosis:
clinical code and diagnosis description.

19/05/2015
The aim of this study is to investigate
the use of acute NIV as first line
therapy within first 24 hours of PICU
admission. In particular, exploring if the
use of NIV as first line therapy is
associated with increased PICU length
of stay and PICU mortality compared to
use of IV as first line therapy.

18/02/2015

Ian
Braithwaite

Senior Transport
Nurse, EMBRACE
I would like to find out what air transports took place over a recent 12
month period, using the \"aircraft type\" field, and the
collection/destination units and transport team. I would also like to find
out the occasions over the same period where transports that were
performed by road took longer than 2 hours from leaving base to
arriving at the collection unit, or longer than 2 hours between departing
the collection unit and arriving at the destination unit.

18/08/2015

To establish actual and potential air
transport utilisation in the UK. Data will
stimulate discussion within the PICS air
transport group.

45
PICANet Annual Report Appendices 2016

03/02/2015

Deepan Vyas

Locum Consultant,
Imperial Healthcare
NHS Trust
We are interested in knowing the number of intensive care unit (Critical
Care) admissions for anaphylaxis in years 2008-2013. We would like the
data broken down by sex, by quinary age group, by calendar year of
admission, and by diagnostic code ie ICD-10 codes T63.4 and X23 [insect
venom anaphylaxis], T78.0 and T78.1 [food anaphylaxis], T78.2
[idiopathic anaphylaxis], T80.5 and T88.6 [drug anaphylaxis].

09/03/2015

Aim of study is to better understand
the epidemiology of anaphylaxis

22/01/2015

Robin Marlow

PhD Student / ST7
Bristol Childrens,
University of Bristol

Number of admissions to PICU with head injury (ICD10 codes S00-S09)
per year. If allowable the number of these that died per year.

17/05/2015
To determine how epidemiology of
paediatric head injury has changed
over time and if there have been
benefits from the introduction of the
NICE guidelines.

16/12/2014

James Woods
Information
Manager, Royal
Brompton and
Harefield Hospitals
Trust

PICANet Risk adjusted mortality score for our patients, 2013/2014

16/12/2014

Check against national dashboard score

UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS

ROGER PARSLOW
MELPO KAPETANSTRATAKI
LEE NORMAN
SOPHIE BUTLER
JODIE SINGH
SARAH FLEMING

PICANet
SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS
8.49 WORSLEY BUILDING
LEEDS
LS2 9JT

xxx@xxx.xx
xx-xxxx-xxxx
UNIVERSITY OF LEICESTER

ELIZABETH DRAPER
CAROLINE LAMMING
MARTIN PERKINS
TRACEY HARRIS
SARAH MCLOUGHLIN
ALUN EVANS
CAROLINE PRUNET

PICANet
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH SCIENCES
UNIVERSITY OF LEICESTER
CENTRE FOR MEDICINE
UNIVERSITY ROAD
LEICESTER
LE1 7RH
xxx@xxx.xx
xx-xxxx-xxxx
WWW.PICANET.ORG.UK

xxx@xxx.xx