Employment Tribunal and EAT statistics 2011-12 (GB)
Source: data.gov.uk (2018-05-25)

Tribunals and Gender Recognition Statistics. The bulletin presents the latest statistics on type and volume of tribunal cases received, disposed of and outstanding and the number of Gender Recognition Certificates applied for and granted.  

The bulletin focuses on information on receipts (i.e. cases received by HMCTS), the outcome of cases by category (e.g. cases disposed of at hearing) and the caseload outstanding (snapshot of live cases at a specific point in time) for the three largest tribunals: Employment, Immigration and Asylum, and Social Security and Child Support. Additional data are available on timeliness, jurisdiction, Employment Tribunal fees, smaller tribunals, Employment Appeal Tribunal and regional receipts for the Employment Tribunal (management information). 

Annual data are published as follows:
* Employment Tribunal and Employment Appeal Tribunal annual statistics are published in September; these include information on representation of claimants, compensation and costs awarded in the Employment Tribunal for the financial year.
* Data from the Special Educational Needs and Disability tribunals covering the academic year are published in December. Further breakdowns include information on the number of appeals registered by type and nature of special education need, and outcomes.
* The number of adjournments and postponements by jurisdiction are published annually in June, along with the number of judicial salaried and fee-paid sittings by jurisdiction.

In addition to monitoring tribunal workloads and timeliness, they are used to assist in the development, monitoring and evaluation of tribunal related policy in collaboration with other Government departments, e.g. DWP, BEIS and Home Office.

Employment Tribunals and 
EAT Statistics, 2011-12 
1 April 2011 to 31 March 2012 
 
 
20 September 2012 
 

Alternative format versions of this report are 
available on request from Ministry of Justice by 
emailing xxx@xxx.xx 
 
© Crown copyright 
Produced by the Ministry of Justice 
 

 
Contents 
 
Introduction 
4 
Key Findings 
5 
Tables 
8 
Explanatory Notes 
16 
Data quality and sources 
17 
Definitions 
18 
Table conventions 
20 
 
Tables 
Table 1 Claims Accepted by Employment Tribunals, 2008-09 to 2011-12. 
Table 2 Employment Tribunals Disposals and Outcomes by Jurisdiction, 2008-09 to 
2011-12. 
Table 3 Details of Unfair Dismissal Claims Disposed of at a Hearing, 2011-12. 
Table 4 Representation of Claimants at Employment Tribunals, 2008-09 to 2011-12. 
Table 5 Compensation Awarded by Tribunals, cases with Unfair Dismissal 
jurisdiction, 2011-12. 
Table 6 Compensation Awarded by Tribunals, cases with Race Discrimination 
jurisdiction, 2011-12. 
Table 7 Compensation Awarded by Tribunals, cases with Sex Discrimination 
jurisdiction, 2011-12. 
Table 8 Compensation Awarded by Tribunals, cases with Disability  Discrimination 
jurisdiction, 2011-12. 
Table 9 Compensation Awarded by Tribunals, cases with Religious  Discrimination 
jurisdiction, 2011-12. 
Table 10 Compensation Awarded by Tribunals, cases with Sexual Orientation  
Discrimination jurisdiction, 2011-12. 
Table 11 Compensation Awarded by Tribunals, cases with Age Discrimination 
jurisdiction, 2011-12. 
Table 12 Costs Awarded in Employment Tribunals Cases, 2011-12. 
Table 13 Summary of Receipts and Disposals at EAT, 2011-12. 
Table 14 Cases Dealt with at Preliminary Hearings at EAT, 2011-12. 
Table 15 Appeals Disposed of by EAT at a full hearing, 2011-12. 
Table 16 EAT Appeals Withdrawn, 2011-12. 

 
Introduction 
This report presents information on Employment Tribunals (ET) and Employment 
Appeal Tribunal (EAT) activity for the period 1 April 2011 to 31 March 2012. It is the 
third time that this information has been published as Official Statistics. Key Findings 
are on page 4 with definitions and background information on page 11. 
Historic copies of this report are available on the Ministry of Justice website at 
www.justice.gov.uk/statistics/tribunals/employment-tribunal-and-eat-statistics-gb 
Annual Tribunal Statistics for 2011-12 and Quarterly Tribunal Statistics for all four 
quarters of 2010-11 and 2011-12 are available at:  
www.justice.gov.uk/statistics/tribunals/annual-stats 
and www.justice.gov.uk/statistics/tribunals/quarterly 
 

 
Key Findings 
The employment tribunals are independent judicial bodies which determine disputes 
between employers and employees over employment rights. 
Claims Received 
There were 186,300 claims accepted by employment tribunals (ETs) during 2011-12 
(1 April 2011 to 31 March 2012), a 15% fall on the number received in the previous 
year, and 21% lower than the number in 2009-10. 
Single claims are those brought by an individual against an employer (the 
respondent). Each single claim is processed administratively, and managed and 
heard judicially on its own. Multiple claims are those where two or more people bring 
claims usually against a single employer (but not necessarily so) arising from the 
same or similar circumstances. Importantly, multiple claims are processed, managed 
and heard together in their multiple grouping.  
In 2011-12 there were 59,200 single claims accepted (down by 2% on the previous 
year) and 127,100 multiple claims accepted (a fall of 19% on the number in 2010-11). 
The multiple claims were grouped into 5,200 actions, or ‘multiple claim cases1’. This 
is a reduction on the 5,900 in 2010-11 and continues a recent downward trend. 
Figure 1: Single and Multiple Accepted Claims, 2001-2 to 2011-12 
0
50
100
150
200
250
2000/1
2001/2
2002/3
2003/4
2004/5
2005/6
2006/7
2007/8
2008/9
2009/10
2010/11
2011/12
Thousands
Year
Accepted Claims
Singles
Multiples
Totals
 
Note: Figures for 2007-08 are estimated                                                      Source: ET Reports 
Figure 1 shows the variation in single and multiple accepted claims (receipts) since 
2000-01. It shows that the trend for multiple claims is erratic in nature and is affected 
by the large number of claims for specific jurisdictions. There has been a general 
upward trend, but since 2009-10 there has been a year-on-year decline. The number 
of single claims has been more steady and has been showing a downward trend over 
recent years. 
Claims Disposed of 
Employment tribunals disposed of 110,800 claims during 2011-12, a fall of 10% when 
compared with the previous year, but in-line with the number of claims disposed of in 
2009-10. The recent fall in disposals was seen in both single and multiple claims, 
with decreases of 6% and 14% respectively. 
                                            
1 The number of grouped collective disputes being litigated before Employment Tribunals. 

 
Jurisdictional Complaints Received  
A claim to an employment tribunal can contain a number of different types of 
complaint, known as jurisdictional complaints. When deciding any claim, the tribunal 
has to make determinations under each jurisdiction. The total number of jurisdictional 
complaints accepted in 2011-12 was 321,800, 16% fewer than in 2010-11. Between 
1 April 2011 and 31 March 2012, there were, on average, 1.73 jurisdictional 
complaints per claim. The ratio has varied since 2006-7, but generally increased. 
Of the 321,800 jurisdictional claims received in 2011-12, 31% were for Unfair 
dismissal, breach of contract and redundancy; 29% were concerning Working Time 
Regulations (largely airline cases that are resubmitted every three months), and 16% 
were for unauthorised deductions (Wages Act). 
Jurisdictional Complaints Disposed of 
In 2011-12, employment tribunals disposed of 230,000 jurisdictional complaints, 6% 
fewer than in 2010-11. This fall was reflected in all jurisdictions except Disability 
Discrimination, Age Discrimination and Breach of Contract  which had increases of 
7%, 5% and 1% respectively. 
Of the 230,000 jurisdictional complaints disposed of in 2011-12:  
 
33% were Acas conciliated (an increase of 4 percentage points on the 
proportion, when compared with last year);  
 
 
27% were withdrawn (5 percentage points lower than in 2010-11);  
 
 
13% were struck out; 
 
 
and 27% were disposed of at hearing (with 12% successful at a tribunal, 7% 
unsuccessful, 2% dismissed at a preliminary hearing and 6% disposed of via 
a Default judgment).  
 
Workload Outstanding 
At 31 March 2012, the workload outstanding for employment tribunals (i.e. claims 
awaiting resolution) was 540,800, as compared with 484,300 at 31 March 2011. The 
vast majority of those were multiple claims – 514,300 in all. Multiple claims are often 
legally and factually complex and it is common for action on such claims to be 
deferred (or ‘stayed’), for example pending the outcome of proceedings in appellate 
courts/tribunals on case management or other interim matters. This means that such 
claims are not yet ready to have a final Hearing in the employment tribunal, and so 
the claim cannot be progressed to disposal.  
The outstanding workload at 31 March 2012 includes more than 200,000 resubmitted 
airline Working Time Regulations claims with approximately 15% of these claims also 
having a Wages Act component. It also includes a number of Equal Pay claims 
(brought primarily against Local Authorities and the NHS).   
Between 2010-11 and 2011-12, there was a decrease in the number of single claims 
outstanding of 7%, continuing a downward trend seen since 2009-10.  
 
Employment Appeal Tribunal 
The main function of the Employment Appeal Tribunal (EAT) is to hear appeals from 
decisions made by employment tribunals. An appeal must be on a point of law, i.e. it 
must identify flaws in the legal reasoning of the original decision. 

 
In 2011-12, the Employment Appeal Tribunal (EAT) received 2,170 appeals 
and disposed of 2,220 appeals.  This compares with 2,050 receipts and 2,000 
disposals in 2010-11. 
 
In EAT, 510 appeals were disposed of at a full hearing, as compared with 360 
in 2010-11. 
 
 

 
Tables 
 
Table 1: Claims Accepted by Employment Tribunals 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
April to March
 
2009-10
2010-11 
2011-12
Total Claims Accepted2
236,100
218,100 
186,3003
Total Claims Initially Rejected
4,100 
1,400 
1,300
Of the total, those that were resubmitted and 
subsequently accepted
1,300 
210 
230
Of the total, those that were resubmitted and not 
accepted or never resubmitted
2,800 
1,100 
1,100
Jurisdiction Mix of claims accepted2
 
 
 
 
 
NATURE OF CLAIM
2009-10
2010-11 
2011-12
 
 
 
Unfair dismissal4
57,400 
47,900 
46,300
Unauthorised deductions (Formerly Wages Act)
75,500 
71,300 
51,200
Breach of contract
42,400 
34,600 
32,100
Sex discrimination
18,200 
18,300 
10,800
Working Time Directive5
95,200 
114,100 
94,700
Redundancy pay
19,000 
16,000 
14,700
Disability discrimination
7,500 
7,200 
7,700
Redundancy – failure to inform and consult 
7,500 
7,400 
8,000
Equal pay 
37,400 
34,600 
28,800
Race discrimination
5,700 
5,000 
4,800
Written statement of terms and conditions
4,700 
4,000 
3,600
Written statement of reasons for dismissal
1,100 
930 
960
Written pay statement
1,400 
1,300 
1,300
Transfer of an undertaking - failure to inform and consult 
1,800 
1,900 
2,600
Suffer a detriment / unfair dismissal - pregnancy6
1,900 
1,900 
1,900
Part Time Workers Regulations
530 
1600 
770
National minimum wage 
500 
520 
510
Discrimination on grounds of Religion or Belief 
1,000 
880 
940
Discrimination on grounds of Sexual Orientation
710 
640 
610
Age Discrimination
5,200 
6,800 
3,700
Others
8,100 
5,500 
5,900
 
 
 
Total
392,800
382,400 
321,800
                                            
2 A claim may be brought under more than one jurisdiction or subsequently amended or clarified in the course of 
proceedings but will be counted only once. 
3 Includes details of claims /jurisdictional complaints that were not entered onto the IT system (see Explanatory 
Notes). 
4 This now includes the jurisdiction for unfair dismissal as a result of a transfer of an undertaking, which was 
previously shown separately. 
5 Since 2007/8 the figure includes around 10,000 claims from airline employees that have been resubmitted a 
number of times. 
6 This now includes 3 jurisdictions relating to pregnancy that were previously recorded under “Other”. 

 
 
Table 2: Employment Tribunal Cases disposed and outcomes of jurisdictions in 2011-127  
 
 
 
2009-10
2010-11 
2011-12
 
 
 
 
 
Total Claims Disposed 
 
112,400 
122,800 
110,800 
 
JURISDICTIONAL MIX OF TOTAL CLAIMS DISPOSED April 2011 to March 2012 
 
 
 
 
 
NATURE OF CLAIM 
JURISDICTIONS 
DISPOSED 
WITHDRAWN 
ACAS CONCILIATED 
SETTLEMENTS 
STRUCK OUT(NOT AT A 
HEARING)8 
 
No. 
No. 
% 
No. 
% 
No. 
% 
Unfair dismissal 
46,100 
11,300 
24 
19,500 
42 
4,000 
9 
Wages Act 
36,200 
9,500 
26 
9,900 
28 
5,200 
14 
Breach of contract 
32,200 
6,600 
20 
10,100 
32 
4,500 
14 
Redundancy pay 
13,200 
2,700 
21 
2,300 
18 
2,100 
16 
Sex discrimination 
14,700 
4,900 
33 
4,500 
30 
4,200 
29 
Race discrimination 
4,700 
1,400 
30 
1,700 
36 
400 
8 
Disability discrimination 
7,300 
2,300 
31 
3,300 
45 
490 
7 
Religious belief discrimination 
850 
260 
31 
290 
34 
85 
10 
Sexual orientation discrimination 
590 
170 
29 
250 
42 
56 
9 
Age discrimination 
3,800 
1,600 
43 
1,200 
31 
500 
14 
Working time 
23,600 
5,400 
23 
7,500 
32 
2,200 
9 
Equal pay 
23,800 
10,300 
44 
8,800 
37 
4,500 
19 
National minimum wage 
520 
140 
28 
170 
31 
44 
9 
Others 
22,300 
5,400 
24 
6,500 
29 
2,200 
9 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
All 
230,000
62,000
27
76,200
33 
30,500
13
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NATURE OF CLAIM 
SUCCESSFUL AT 
HEARING 
DISMISSED AT A 
PRELIMINARY 
HEARING9 
UNSUCCESSFUL AT 
HEARING10 
DEFAULT JUDGEMENT 
 
 
 
% 
No. 
% 
No. 
% 
No. 
% 
Unfair dismissal 
3,900 
8 
1,300 
3 
4,800 
10 
1,200 
3 
Wages Act 
5,100 
14 
960 
3 
2,300 
6 
3,300 
9 
Breach of contract 
5,000 
16 
730 
2 
2,300 
7 
2,900 
9 
Redundancy pay 
2,900 
22 
300 
2 
660 
5 
2,200 
16 
Sex discrimination 
290 
2 
190 
1 
590 
4 
53 
0 
Race discrimination 
140 
3 
240 
5 
810 
17 
24 
0 
Disability discrimination 
220 
3 
250 
3 
750 
11 
34 
1 
Religious belief discrimination 
24 
3 
45 
5 
140 
16 
- 
1 
Sexual orientation discrimination 
20 
3 
29 
5 
60 
10 
- 
1 
Age discrimination 
48 
1 
100 
3 
290 
8 
26 
1 
Working time 
4,100 
17 
470 
2 
1,400 
6 
2,600 
11 
Equal pay 
32 
0 
41 
0 
35 
0 
- 
0 
National minimum wage 
77 
13 
12 
2 
55 
11 
27 
6 
Others 
5,000 
23 
520 
2 
1,600 
7 
1,100 
5 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
All 
26,900 
12
5,200
2
15,900
7 
13,400
6
 
                                            
7 Percentages may not add to 100, due to rounding. 
8 Previously described as “Disposed of Otherwise”. 
9 Previously described as “Dismissed at Hearing (Out of Scope)”. 
10 Previously described as “Dismissed at Hearing (Other Reasons)”. 

 
 
Table 3: All Unfair Dismissal Jurisdictional Complaints Disposed of at a Hearing11 
 
 
 
 
  
Number
Percentage of 
unfair dismissal 
cases proceeding 
to a hearing
Percentage of all unfair 
dismissal cases disposed 
of 12 
Cases dismissed 
 
 
  
At a Preliminary Hearing 
1,300 
12 
3 
Unsuccessful at hearing 
4,800 
43 
10 
All cases dismissed 
6,200
55
13
  
 
 
  
Cases upheld 
 
 
  
Reinstatement or 
reengagement  
5 
0 
0 
Remedy left to parties 
120 
1 
0 
Compensation 
2,300 
21 
5 
No award made 
2,600 
23 
6 
All cases upheld 
5,100
45
11
All cases proceeding 
to a hearing 
11,200
100
27
 
 
 
Table 4: Representation of Claimants at Employment Tribunals13 
 
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
 
 
 
 
Represented by: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trade Union 
12,500 
10,000
5,500 
Lawyers14 
161,900 
142,700
72,600 
No rep information 
provided15 
44,900 
40,400
34,900 
Other  
16,700 
25,000
46,100 
Total Claims 
236,100
218,100
159,00016
 
                                            
11 All cases proceeding to a hearing are: SUCCESSFUL AT HEARING; DISMISSED AT A PRELIMINARY HEARING, 
UNSUCCESSFUL AT HEARING & DEFAULT JUDGMENT 
12 Percentages may not sum due to rounding 
13 This is the information provided by claimants in year and therefore does not add up to jurisdictions disposed. 
 
14 Includes: represented by solicitors, Law Centres and Trade Associations. 
  
15 For those individuals representing themselves, there is no need to provide information on representatives. 
Therefore all cases where the representative information was left blank are included here. 
16 Excludes those claims that were not included on IT system 

 
Table 5: Compensation awarded by Tribunals – cases with Unfair Dismissal 
jurisdictions17 
 
  
No. 
% 
  
No. 
% 
<£500 
227 
10% 
£10,000-£12,499 
130 
6% 
£500-£999 
178 
8% 
£12,500-£14,999 
100 
4% 
  
 
 
£15,000-£19,999 
125 
5% 
£1,000-£1,999 
292 
13% 
 
 
  
£2,000-£2,999 
199 
9% 
£20,000-£29,999 
140 
6% 
£3,000-£3,999 
177 
8% 
£30,000-£39,999 
65 
3% 
£4,000-£4,999 
132 
6% 
£40,000-£49,999 
34 
1% 
  
 
 
£50,000+ 
49 
2% 
£5,000-£5,999 
103 
4% 
All 
2,309 
100% 
£6,000-£6,999 
108 
5% 
 
 
  
£7,000-£7,999 
93 
4% 
Maximum 
award18 
 
£173,408 
£8,000-£8,999 
75 
3% 
Median award 
 
£4,560 
£9,000-£9,999 
82 
4% 
Average award 
  
£9,133 
 
 
 
Table 6: Compensation awarded by Tribunals – cases with Race Discrimination 
jurisdictions,19 
 
  
No. 
%
 
No.
% 
<£500 
1 
2% 
£10,000-£12,499 
5 
9% 
£500-£999 
2 
3% 
£12,500-£14,999 
5 
9% 
  
 
 
£15,000-£19,999 
1 
2% 
£1,000-£1,999 
6 
10% 
 
 
  
£2,000-£2,999 
8 
14% 
£20,000-£29,999 
0 
0% 
£3,000-£3,999 
5 
9% 
£30,000-£39,999 
1 
2% 
£4,000-£4,999 
5 
9% 
£40,000-£49,999 
0 
0% 
  
 
 
£50,000+ 
5 
9% 
£5,000-£5,999 
3 
5% 
All 
58
100% 
£6,000-£6,999 
6 
10% 
 
 
  
£7,000-£7,999 
2 
3% 
Maximum 
award 
 
£4,445,023 
£8,000-£8,999 
3 
5% 
Median award 
 
£5,256 
£9,000-£9,999 
0 
0% 
Average award
  
£102,259 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                            
17 Compensation awarded is that of which the tribunal is aware. 
18 The maximum award for compensation is limited to £72,300 from 1/02/2012. Awards may be above the maximum 
where they include a basic award element. 
19 Compensation awarded is that of which the tribunal is aware. For awards in cases of Discrimination there is no 
statutory cap. 

 
Table 7: Compensation awarded in Tribunals – cases with Sex Discrimination 
jurisdictions19 
 
  
No. 
%
 
No.
% 
<£500 
0 
0% 
£10,000-£12,499 
18 
11% 
£500-£999 
6 
4% 
£12,500-£14,999 
9 
5% 
  
 
 
£15,000-£19,999 
11 
7% 
£1,000-£1,999 
15 
9% 
 
 
  
£2,000-£2,999 
11 
7% 
£20,000-£29,999 
15 
9% 
£3,000-£3,999 
12 
7% 
£30,000-£39,999 
0 
0% 
£4,000-£4,999 
6 
4% 
£40,000-£49,999 
0 
0% 
  
 
 
£50,000+ 
4 
2% 
£5,000-£5,999 
15 
9% 
All 
166
100% 
£6,000-£6,999 
21 
13% 
 
 
  
£7,000-£7,999 
11 
7% 
Maximum award 
 
£89,700 
£8,000-£8,999 
7 
4% 
Median award 
 
£6,746 
£9,000-£9,999 
5 
3% 
Average award 
  
£9,940 
 
 
 
Table 8: Compensation awarded by Tribunals – cases with Disability 
Discrimination jurisdictions19 
 
  
No. 
%
 
No.
%
<£500 
1 
1% £10,000-£12,499 
5
6%
£500-£999 
2 
3% £12,500-£14,999 
5
6%
  
 
 
£15,000-£19,999 
10
13%
£1,000-£1,999 
5 
6%  
 
  
£2,000-£2,999 
5 
6% £20,000-£29,999 
0
0%
£3,000-£3,999 
7 
9% £30,000-£39,999 
5
6%
£4,000-£4,999 
4 
5% £40,000-£49,999 
2
3%
  
 
 
£50,000+ 
8
10%
£5,000-£5,999 
4 
5% All 
78
100%
£6,000-£6,999 
2 
3%  
 
  
£7000-£7999 
5 
6% 
Maximum 
award 
 
£390,871
£8000-£8999 
4 
5% Median award 
 
£8,928
£9000-£9999 
4 
5% Average award 
  
£22,183
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
Table 9 Compensation awarded by Tribunals – case with Religious Discrimination 
jurisdictions19 
 
 
  
No. 
%
 
No.
% 
<£500 
0 
0% 
£10,000-£12,499 
0 
0% 
£500-£999 
1 
10% 
£12,500-£14,999 
0 
0% 
  
 
 
£15,000-£19,999 
0 
0% 
£1,000-£1,999 
2 
20% 
 
 
  
£2,000-£2,999 
1 
10% 
£20,000-£29,999 
0 
0% 
£3,000-£3,999 
1 
10% 
£30,000-£39,999 
1 
10% 
£4,000-£4,999 
0 
0% 
£40,000-£49,999 
0 
0% 
  
 
 
£50,000+ 
2 
20% 
£5,000-£5,999 
2 
20% 
All 
10
100% 
£6,000-£6,999 
0 
0% 
 
 
  
£7,000-£7,999 
0 
0% 
Maximum 
award 
 
£59,522 
£8,000-£8,999 
0 
0% 
Median award 
 
£4,267 
£9,000-£9,999 
0 
0% 
Average award 
  
£16,725 
 
 
Table 10 Compensation awarded by Tribunals – case with Sexual Orientation 
Discrimination jurisdictions19 
 
 
  
No. 
%
 
No.
% 
<£500 
0 
0% 
£10,000-£12,499 
2 
20% 
£500-£999 
0 
0% 
£12,500-£14,999 
1 
10% 
  
 
 
£15,000-£19,999 
0 
0% 
£1,000-£1,999 
0 
0% 
 
 
  
£2,000-£2,999 
0 
0% 
£20,000-£29,999 
4 
40% 
£3,000-£3,999 
0 
0% 
£30,000-£39,999 
0 
0% 
£4,000-£4,999 
0 
0% 
£40,000-£49,999 
0 
0% 
  
 
 
£50,000+ 
0 
0% 
£5,000-£5,999 
1 
10% 
All 
10
100% 
£6,000-£6,999 
1 
10% 
 
 
  
£7,000-£7,999 
0 
0% 
Maximum award 
 
£27,473 
£8,000-£8,999 
1 
10% 
Median award 
 
£13,505 
£9,000-£9,999 
0 
0% 
Average award 
  
£14,623 
 
 
Table 11: Compensation awarded by tribunals – cases with Age Discrimination19 
 
  
No. 
%
 
No.
% 
<£500 
1 
4% 
£10,000-£12,499 
1 
4% 
£500-£999 
1 
4% 
£12,500-£14,999 
1 
4% 
  
 
 
£15,000-£19,999 
1 
4% 
£1,000-£1,999 
2 
9% 
 
 
  
£2,000-£2,999 
0 
0% 
£20,000-£29,999 
1 
4% 
£3,000-£3,999 
3 
13% 
£30,000-£39,999 
1 
4% 
£4,000-£4,999 
1 
4% 
£40,000-£49,999 
1 
4% 
  
 
 
£50,000+ 
3 
13% 
£5,000-£5,999 
1 
4% 
All 
23
100% 
£6,000-£6,999 
3 
13% 
 
 
  
£7,000-£7,999 
1 
4% 
Maximum 
award 
 
£144,100 
£8,000-£8,999 
1 
4% 
Median award 
 
£6,065 
£9,000-£9,999 
0 
0% 
Average award 
  
£19,327 

 
 
Table 12: Costs awarded in Employment Tribunals cases20  
 
COSTS TO 
No. OF CASES 
COSTS TO 
NO. OF CASES 
 
Awarded 
to 
Claimant 
Awarded      
to 
Respondent 
 
Awarded  
to  
Claimant 
Awarded    
to 
Respondent
 
 
 
 
 
 
< £20021 
9 
829 
£6,001-£8,000 
6 
23 
£201-£400 
6 
40 
£8,001-£10,000 
3 
3 
£401-£600 
8 
77 
£10,000+ 
10 
38 
£601-£800 
8 
21 
All 
116 
1,295
£801-£1000 
10 
39 
 
 
 
£1,001-£2,000 
24 
72 
Maximum 
award22  
£36,466
£2,001-£4,000 
22 
98 
Median award23 
£5
£4,001-£6,000 
10 
54 
Average 
award24 
£1,292
  
 
 
Table 13: Summary of Receipts and Disposals at EAT 
 
 
 
Appeals Received 
2,172
 
Appeals Disposed 
 
 
Rejected – out of time 
283 
Rejected – no reasonable prospect of success 
1,040 
Withdrawn prior to registration 
179 
Withdrawn after registration25 
128 
Struck out 
26 
Dismissed at preliminary hearing26 
55 
Disposed at full hearing27 
506 
Total disposed 
2,217
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                            
20 This does not include costs awarded for waste or preparation. 
21 There is a multiple case consisting of 800 claimants where they have all been made liable for a costs award of 
£4,000 to the respondent.  This works out at £5.00 per claimant, all cases have a unique case number and have had 
their portion of the cost award entered onto the MI system. 
22 The maximum award was made subject to a detailed assessment by the County Court in accordance with the Civil 
Procedure Rules 1998. 
23 The median award is skewed by the multiple awards of £5.00. The median value excluding the 800 awards and 
substituting them with one award of £4,000 is £1,730. 
 
24 Excluding the 800 £5.00 awards and substituting with one of £4,000 gives an average of £2,973. 
25 See Table 16 
26 See Table 14 
27 See Table 15 

 
Table 14: Cases dealt with at preliminary hearings by EAT 
 
  
Brought by employers 
Brought by employees 
All 
Dismissed at hearing 
8 
47 
55 
Allowed to full hearing 
29 
71 
100 
All 
37 
118 
155 
 
 
 
Table 15: Appeals disposed of by EAT at a full hearing  
 
  
Brought by employers 
Brought by employees 
All 
Dismissed at hearing 
85 
154 
239 
Allowed 
59 
49 
108 
Allowed & remitted 
58 
101 
159 
All 
202 
304 
506 
 
 
 
Table 16: Appeals withdrawn  
  
Brought by employers 
Brought by employees 
All 
Withdrawn before Preliminary hearing  
11 
11 
22 
Withdrawn before Full hearing 
54 
52 
106 
All 
65 
63 
128 
 

 
Explanatory Notes 
Cases not on Employment Tribunals IT System 
Multiple Airline cases are resubmitted every three months and are included in the 
counts of receipts and caseload outstanding. These cases include the jurisdictions 
Working Time Directive (Annual Leave) and Unauthorised Deductions (Formerly 
Wages Act). During 2011-12, 27,300 claims (12,900 for Quarter 3 and 14,400 for 
Quarter 4) for this jurisdiction were not input to the Employment Tribunals IT system 
at the time of receipt. They have however been recorded within the overall number of 
receipts, received jurisdictional complaints and caseload outstanding figures for 
2011-12. 

 
Data quality and sources 
Information presented in this report is management information drawn from a number 
of administrative sources. Although care is taken when processing and analysing the 
data, the details are subject to inaccuracies inherent in any large-scale recording 
system and it is the best data that is available at the time of publication. HMCTS is 
examining the quality of management information. Thus, it is possible that some 
revisions may be issued. 
Revisions 
Some statistics were correct at the time of publication but have been revised 
following data quality checks or reconciliation. These values have been marked as ‘r’. 

 
Definitions 
Receipt – Volumetric term covering the acceptance of a case by a HMCTS Tribunal. 
Disposal – A disposal is the closure of a case when work has ceased to be done. 
This can be through a claim being withdrawn, settled, dismissed or being decided at 
a hearing. 
Workload outstanding – The number of claims outstanding at the end of the period 
and still waiting to be dealt with to completion. 
Employment Appeal Tribunal - The main function of the Employment Appeal 
Tribunal (EAT) is to hear appeals from decisions made by employment tribunals. An 
appeal must be on a point of law, i.e. it must identify flaws in the legal reasoning of 
the original decision. The Employment Appeal Tribunal will not normally re-examine 
issues of fact. It also hears appeals from (and applications relating to) decisions 
made by the Certification Officer or by the Central Arbitration Committee, however 
these are infrequent. The EAT may allow an appeal and substitute its own decision 
for that of the Employment Tribunal, or may remit it back to an employment tribunal 
for reconsideration. 
Appeals from EAT decisions may be made to the Court of Appeal (in England & 
Wales) or Court of Session (in Scotland). 
ET Claim – A claim presented to an employment tribunal by a claimant. It may be 
brought under one or more jurisdictions or subsequently amended or clarified in the 
course of proceedings, but will be counted only once. 
ET Single and Multiple Claims – Claims to an employment tribunal may be 
classified into two broad categories – singles and multiples. Multiples are where two 
or more people bring claims, involving one or more jurisdiction(s) usually against a 
single employer but not necessarily so, for instance in TUPE cases, and always 
arising out of the same or very similar circumstances. As a multiple, the component 
claims are processed administratively, and managed and heard judicially together. 
ET Multiple Claim Cases - the number of combined groupings or actions 
formed by component multiple claims. This will essentially equate to the 
number of grouped collective actions being litigated before the employment 
tribunals. 
 
ET Jurisdiction – The employment tribunal powers to hear complaints are 
determined by legislation, with statutory provisions defining the ambit of the 
jurisdiction that can be covered by a claim to an employment tribunal. 
ET Jurisdictional mix – A claim may contain a number of grounds, known as 
jurisdictional complaints. When deciding any claim, the tribunal has to make 
determinations under each jurisdiction, e.g. unfair dismissal and sex discrimination. 
The number of jurisdictional complaints within a claim can affect the true workload 
represented by that claim: the higher the ratio of complaints to a claim, the more 
complicated the work will generally be. The jurisdictions covered by ET are wide 
ranging, from discrimination and unfair dismissals to issues around salary and 
working conditions. 
Hearing – The hearing is a meeting at which the tribunal panel considers evidence 
(either orally or paper based) and reaches a decision (where the decision may be to 

 
adjourn or to agree a final outcome). If the hearing is adjourned and restarted, it 
counts as one hearing. 
Examples of hearings include: 
 
Paper hearings; 
 
Oral hearings; 
 
Case Management Discussions; 
 
Decision on Eligibility. 
Oral Hearing – A hearing where the party (ies) and/or their representative(s) attend 
(this can be by telephone or by video conference). 
Withdrawal – The applicant/claimant/appellant ceases action either before or at the 
hearing. 
Settlement – Cases settled by Acas without the need for a hearing. A third party may 
have been involved in the process.

 
TABLE CONVENTIONS 
Rounding 
Figures in the tables are rounded independently and thus may not add to totals 
because of rounding. The following conventions have been used throughout: 
 
Values less than 100 remain as unit values. 
 
Values from 100 to 999 are rounded to the nearest 10. 
 
Values of 1,000 and over are rounded to the nearest hundred. 
Notation 
The following symbols have been used throughout the tables in this bulletin:  
.    
= Not applicable 
..   
= Not available 
-  
= Small Value 
 
0   
= Nil 
(r)  
= Revised data 
(p)  
= Provisional data 

 
Contact points for further information 
Spreadsheet files of the tables and graphs contained in this document are 
also available for download from this address.  
Press enquiries should be directed to the Ministry of Justice press office: 
 
Email: xxx@xxx.xx 
 
Other enquiries about these statistics should be directed to: 
Ministry of Justice 
Judicial Statistics Analytical Services 
7th Floor 
102 Petty France 
London SW1H 9AJ 
Email: xxx@xxx.xx. 
 
General enquiries about the statistical work of the Ministry of Justice can be e-
mailed to: xxx@xxx.xx 
General information about the official statistics system of the UK is available 
from www.statistics.gov.uk