Rail reform: a railway fit for Britain's future
Source: gov.uk (2025-02-25)

Outlines the next steps to reform Britain’s railways through a recently launched consultation.

On Tuesday 18 February, I launched the public consultation for the government’s upcoming Railways Bill (https://www.gov.uk/government/consultations/a-railway-fit-for-britains-future). This consultation sets out our proposals for the most comprehensive reform of Britain’s railways in 30 years, ending decades of fragmentation and inefficiency and delivering a simplified model built from the ground up to serve its users.

Our country needs an efficient, modern railway that kickstarts growth and realises the potential of our towns, cities and businesses. An affordable, reliable railway brings new markets and job opportunities closer to those who stand ready to make the most of them. It makes education, healthcare, public services and even just the support of family and friends more accessible to those who need it. A railway that offers a genuine alternative to road travel, combined with a thriving rail freight sector, means cleaner air and less congestion for everyone.

As you are aware, this government is delivering our Plan for Change (https://www.gov.uk/missions) with investment and reform driving growth, putting more money in people’s pockets, and rebuilding Britain. Reforming our railways is central to this and will drive improved performance, bringing more people back to rail, generating greater revenue and reducing costs. This consultation document sets out our vision for the future of Britain’s railways and the transformative changes that are already underway to make it a reality.

Our manifesto commitment to put passengers and communities back at the heart of the railways by establishing Great British Railways (GBR) is central to achieving this plan. We have already delivered the legislation to bring our railways back into public ownership, set up Shadow GBR, and reset industrial relations with the trade unions. The publication of this consultation marks our next step in fixing the railways once and for all.

The consultation sets out our plans to establish GBR as a new arm’s length body, bringing responsibility for train services and rail infrastructure together into one integrated organisation. This means most passengers will travel on GBR trains, running on GBR tracks, and arrive at GBR stations – all delivered by a single organisation in line with the clear strategic direction set by government. GBR will be empowered with the expertise and authority to run the railway in the public interest, delivering reliable, affordable, high-quality, and efficient services; alongside ensuring safety and accessibility.

The private sector will continue to play a vital role under the new model, from freight and open access services to ticket retailing, rolling stock and the wider supply chain. GBR will leverage the best of both the public and private sectors to unlock growth and drive innovation. GBR will follow fair, efficient and transparent processes when allocating access to the network, with a robust set of protections for third-party operators enshrined in law. There will also be a statutory duty on GBR to promote the use of rail freight, recognising the sector’s growth potential and helping to deliver on the government’s commitment to net zero.

GBR will have a new customer-focused culture, ensuring passengers are at the heart of everything it does. This will be reinforced by the establishment of a powerful new independent passenger watchdog that will monitor standards, champion improvements, and ensure passengers feel they have a clear voice within the industry standing up for them.

A reliable, affordable, and efficient railway is vital to supporting the government’s growth mission, not only in connecting people to jobs and opportunities but also contributing to the regeneration and integration of local communities. The proposals in this consultation protect and enhance the roles of devolved leaders, both in Scotland and Wales and within England, in shaping how the railway serves their communities. Existing devolution settlements will be protected and devolved leaders will benefit from new statutory roles, drawing on their experiences and expertise to manage, plan and develop a network that delivers for communities. We will continue to work closely with these leaders as we shape this role to ensure the benefits of our reforms are felt across Britain. In addition, established mayoral strategic authorities will have a right to request further rail devolution within England, bringing decision-making closer to those who use the railways.

The publication of this consultation marks the next milestone in delivering the legislation needed to transform our railways, unlocking their potential to drive growth, and contribute to a decade of national renewal under this government. We are therefore seeking the views of passengers, freight customers, industry suppliers and experts, and the public at large ahead of the introduction of the Railways Bill later in this session. Only once we have these views can we deliver a system that truly serves its customers, provides better value for hardworking taxpayers, acts as an engine for growth and opportunity, and that stands once again as a point of pride for modern Britain.