NPDA Spotlight Results at a Glance Poster 2023-24 - Type 2 Diabetes
Source: data.gov.uk (2025-04-29)

National Paediatric Diabetes Audit: Type 2 diabetes spotlight report 2023/24. This spotlight audit builds on the core National Paediatric Diabetes Audit (NPDA) and looks in detail at the care processes, treatment, and comorbidities of children and young people living with Type 2 diabetes. Some of this reached beyond the scope of the NICE guidelines for the diagnosis and management of Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. Published in April 2025.

Key Messages:

- The number of CYP with Type 2 diabetes receiving care from a PDU in England and Wales has increased by 88%, from 810 in 2019/20, to 1,521 in 2023/24.

- CYP with Type 2 diabetes are more likely to come from ethnic minority backgrounds or live in more deprived areas, compared to CYP with Type 1 diabetes and the general population. 

- 41% of CYP with Type 2 diabetes, aged 12 or older had all six key health checks in 2023/24, compared to 66% of CYP with Type 1 diabetes. The national (England and Wales combined) median HbA1c for CYP with Type 2 diabetes in 2023/24 is 50.0 mmol/mol, compared to 52.5 mmol/mol seen in 2019/20. This is lower than that seen in Type 1 diabetes at 60.0 mmol/mol.

- Despite the median Hba1c being lower in CYP with Type 2 diabetes compared to those with Type 1, abnormalities in both microvascular (albuminuria) and macrovascular (BMI, blood pressure, hyperlipidaemia) outcomes are more prevalent in Type 2 diabetes.

- 24% of CYP with Type 2 diabetes received psychological support in 2023/24, while an additional 29% were offered, but did not receive, psychological support. 73% received dietetic support in 2023/24.

NPDA Type 2 Diabetes Spotlight Audit 2023/24 – Results at a Glance
The National Paediatric Diabetes Audit monitors the care received and diabetes outcomes achieved 
by children and young people with diabetes in England and Wales, and helps support paediatric diabetes 
teams, local health systems, and policy makers to make continuing improvements to care.
This poster summarises the results reported in the 2023/24 Type 2 Diabetes Spotlight Audit report, and 
is based on data provided by Paediatric Diabetes Units (PDUs) in England and Wales providing care to 
children and young people with Type 2 diabetes between April 2023 to March 2024.
How many children and young people have Type 2 diabetes?
Completion of recommended health checks
Treatment, support and outcomes
NPDA
National Paediatric 
Diabetes Audit 
1,521
84%
70%
74%
19%
children and young 
people with Type 2 
diabetes were being 
managed by paediatric 
diabetes services in 
England and Wales. 
The median HbA1c was 50.0 mmol/mol  
which is a decrease from 52.5 mmol/mol in 2019/20.
were offered lifestyle 
modifications, which 
was the most common 
treatment, followed by 
metformin. 
lived in the most deprived 
or second most deprived 
areas of England and 
Wales, compared to 43% of 
children and young people 
with Type 1 diabetes.
The number of children and young  
people with Type 2 diabetes has  
increased since 2019/20. The number of 
new diagnoses per year is also increasing. 
had a family history 
of Type 2 diabetes. 
had more than three 
family members with 
Type 2 diabetes.
*Foot exams are only recommended for 
children and young people aged 12 and above.
7.7
2.5
per 100,00
per 100,00
children and 
young people 
aged 0-15 years 
had Type 2 
diabetes. 
41%
of children and  
young people  
aged 12 and  
above received all six 
recommended health checks.
Many children and young people with Type 
2 diabetes experienced co-morbidities and 
complications.
received support 
from a dietitian in 
2023/24, and 24% received 
psychological support.
children and 
young people 
aged 0-15 years 
were diagnosed 
with Type 2 
diabetes in 
2023/24.
64%
57%
75%
91%
93%
96%
Foot exam*
Urinary albumin
Cholesterol
Blood pressure
BMI
HbA1c
8%
71%
20%
43%
86%
Sleep apnoea
Hypertension
Albuminuria
Hyperlipidaemia
Obesity
Further information and resources
NPDA national reports  
and recommendations:
The NPDA Type 2 Spotlight Report 2023-24 
includes the key messages and recommendations 
based on the data. Extended analyses of the data 
have also been made available. These are available 
at www.rcpch.ac.uk/resources/npda- 
spotlight-audit-reports
More on the NPDA:
The NPDA also publishes an annual report  
into the care received and outcomes achieved  
by children and young people in England,  
Wales, and Jersey. These can be found at:  
www.rcpch.ac.uk/resources/npda-annual-
reports
To find out more about how  
we use data submitted to the  
NPDA, please see our privacy  
notice. Please visit:  
www.rcpch.ac.uk/resources/
national-paediatric-diabetes- 
audit-transparency-open-data  
or scan the QR code with your phone.
How we use information:
73%
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