SPARQL Endpoint
Source: data.gov.uk (2016-06-17)

Household projections, 1991-2037 (1000s), England, District, Total. This data set contains 2012-based household projections by district.


The methodology for the 2012-based household projections was based upon the ‘2011-based interim’ and ‘2008-based’ household projections.  A description is provided in the Methodology Document.  The methodology uses the latest ONS sub-national population projections and incorporates information from the Census 2011 on household population and numbers down to local authority level and some data on household formation rates at a national level. Further work will investigate including detailed analysis of household formation down to local authority level. In the meantime, these projections provide the most up to date and nationally consistent estimates.    
 
As with the previous projections, the methodology is split into two stages: Stage One produces summary household numbers based on long-term demographic trends and Stage Two gives a more detailed breakdown of household type. This release presents results from Stage One only, with Stage Two outputs to follow as soon as possible.  
 
The assumptions underlying national household and population projections are based on demographic trends. They are not forecasts as, for example, they do not attempt to predict the impact of future Government policies, changing economic circumstances or other factors that might have influence household growth. The projections show the household numbers that would result if the assumptions based in previous demographic trends in the population and rates of household formation were to be realised in practice. 

This data was derived from  published live tables available for download as an [Excel spreadsheet](https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/407641/Household_Projections_Published_Tables.ods).

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SPARQL 1.1 Query: Endpoint

An endpoint that allows you to query the data store using the SPARQL 1.1 language.

Preview Try the beta of our improved SPARQL editor. (/sparql-beta)

Enter Query

html json csv xml text n-triples Turtle rdf/xml json xml text

Validate URIs

SPARQL API: The Basics

The most flexible way to access the data is by using SPARQL, a query language, analagous to SQL for relational databases, for retrieving and manipulating data from graph databases like ours. We support SPARQL 1.1 (http://www.w3.org/TR/sparql11-query/) query syntax. Many online tutorials (http://www.cambridgesemantics.com/semantic-university/sparql-by-example) are available.

To submit a SPARQL query from your code, you issue an HTTP GET or POST to our endpoint:http://opendatacommunities.org/sparql, with the query itself as a url-encoded parameter called query.

For example, to run the following simple SPARQL query and get the results as JSON:

SELECT * WHERE {?s ?p ?o} LIMIT 10

Option 1: POST (recommended)

Issue a POST to the endpoint, with the query in the body, and an Accept header of sparql-results+json:

POST http://opendatacommunities.org/sparql HTTP/1.1 Host: opendatacommunities.org Accept: application/sparql-results+json Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded query=SELECT+%2A+WHERE+%7B%3Fs+%3Fp+%3Fo%7D+LIMIT+10

Option 2: GET

Issue a GET to the following URL (note the .json extension - see the formats (#results_formats) section for more detail on this):

GET http://opendatacommunities.org/sparql.json?query=SELECT+%2A+WHERE+%7B%3Fs+%3Fp+%3Fo%7D+LIMIT+10

Scroll down to the end of this page for examples (#examples) of both of these methods in a few different languages.

Results formats

As with other aspects of our API, to get the data in different formats, you can use either (a) a format extension or (b) an HTTP Accept header. Available result formats depend on the type of SPARQL query. There are four main forms:

SELECT queries return tabular results, and the formats available reflect this:

CONSTRUCT and DESCRIBE queries return graph data, so the results are available in the same formats as our resource APIs:

ASK queries return a boolean result:

Results pagination

We accept page and per_page parameters for paginating the results of SELECT queries (we automatically modify your query to apply LIMIT and OFFSET clauses). For other query types (i.e. DESCRIBE, CONSTRUCT, ASK), pagination like this doesn’t make so much sense, so these parameters are ignored.

For requests made through the website (i.e. HTML format), the page size is defaulted to 20. For requests to our sparql endpoint for data formats (i.e. non-HTML), there will be no defaults for these parameters (i.e. results are unlimited. For performance reasons we generally advise LIMITing your query if possible).

Parameter Substitution

You can parameterise your SPARQL by including %{tokens} in your queries, and providing values for the tokens in the request parameters.

Note that the following tokens are reserved and cannot be used as parameters for substitution:
- controller
- action
- page
- per_page
- id
- commit
- utf8
- query
Cross Origin Resource Sharing

Our servers are configured to allow access from all domains. This means that if you’re writing JavaScript to request data from our server in to a web page hosted on another domain, your browser should check this header and allow it.

If you need to support very old browsers, you can additionally pass a callback parameter and the results will be wrapped in that function. For example:

This help topic (https://learn.jquery.com/ajax/working-with-jsonp/) on the jQuery website has more details.

Examples

Using cURL

Here’s a couple of examples running a query using the widely available cURL (http://curl.haxx.se/) command line program.

Request the results as XML, using a POST:

Request the results as JSON, using a GET:

Using JavaScript

This example HTML page uses jQuery to issue a POST to our SPARQL endpoint, requesting the results as JSON.

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