the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
Both climates have long, cold winters, and short, mild summers.
The tundra climate makes the northern part of Sakha empty and mostly frozen.
The subarctic climate allows the southern part of Sakha to have taiga type of forests.
These forests have many animals and birds.
There are several mountain ranges around Sakha as well.
The Lena Pillars are rock structures found in Sakha.
The Lena Pillars are a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
The region is also rich in minerals like diamond, gold, and coal.
The area is also famous for its extreme temperatures.
For example during winter the temperature can go to as low as  and during summer as high as .
Sakha's population at the end of the Soviet Union decreased for some time according to data.
More than half of the population live in cities and towns.
Most that do so live in the capital, Yakutsk.
Ethnic Yakuts who are Turkic people compose of about half of the population.
Russians mostly make up the other half of the population.
Most people in Sakha practice Orthodox Christianity or are atheists.
Certain aspects of Shamanism, which is a belief that worships spirits and nature, is still practiced by ethnic Yakuts.
In recent times, more natives have shown increasing interest in practicing Shamanism.
Russian is taught and used commonly in Sakha.
But the Yakut language is still commonly used between different native tribes, that are not Yakuts, to talk to one another.
Yakut is also taught in some schools and is also used at home.
The Olonkho is a famous Yakut tale about great people and animals.
It talks about legends and present day issues like the breaking apart of Yakut families.
It is only performed by experts who have learn the tale thoroughly.
This is because the tale is very long.
The tale is part of the UNESCO Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
This means that the tale is widely accepted to be important and needs to prevented from being forgotten.
The Republic Day is celebrated on April 27 every year.
It celebrates the formation of Yakut ASSR during the Soviet Union in 1922.
The Yhyаkh festival is celebrated between 10 and 25 June every year.
It is one of two New Year's Day celebrated by the Yakut people.
The other being the more recognized New Year's Day in January.
It is celebrated to mark the start of the short summer.
The economy of Sakha mostly relies on the mining of minerals like diamonds, gold, tin and coal.
It is the region's largest producer of minerals and raw materials.
Sakha also produces 99% of Russia's diamonds.
This accounts for about 25% of the world's diamond output.
The making of construction materials, jewellery and medicine are also major industries in Sakha.
In contrast, the native Yakut people rear cattle and horses or hunt and fish to provide for themselves as well.
The Head of Sakha is the leader of the republic.
The Il Tumen (Legislative Assembly), is the republic's parliament.
The Il Tumen are chosen similarly by the public every five years.
The majority of lawmakers in the Il Tumen are currently from the United Russia party.
Sakha lies north of the important Trans-Siberian railway and Trans-Siberian Highway.
Thus there is some distance between the republic and the main travelling routes across the country.
The main road link in Sakha is the Lena Highway towards the south or the Kolyma Highway towards the east.
The roads can generally be passed all year round, except across the Lena River where there is no bridge.
Therefore, cars have to take a ferry across the river during summer or drive on the ice in winter.
The Amur-Yakutsk train line connects Sakha with the rest of the Trans-Siberian railway.
The republic has several airports, including the Yakutsk International Airport.
Flights from these airports link Sakha to cities further away.
The usage of the Northern Sea Route to transport goods is also possible at certain times of the year.
Playa Coyote, formerly Puerto Coyote, is one of the secluded beaches in Costa Rica.
It is on the Pacific side of the Nicoya Peninsula in the province of Guanacaste.
It is on the beautiful and unspoilt Pacific coast.
https://playa-coyote.com
Poi is food eaten in Hawaii.
It is made from taro.
Rome is a city in Oneida County, New York, United States.
The population was 33,725 at the 2010 census.
Michael "Mick" McGeough (pronounced mik-GOOH; June 20, 1956 – November 23, 2018) was an ice hockey referee.
He officiated in the National Hockey League (NHL), wearing number 19 from the 1994–95 NHL season until his retirement in 2008.
He was born in Arnhem, Netherlands.
He worked at Total Design, Prad and Joh.
Enschedé.
In 1975, he became an independent developer.
He was a long-time guest lecturer at the University of Reading, he mentored many modern typeface designers.
The white wagtail (Motacilla alba) is a species of bird.
They are not an endangered species.
They have a stable population of between 130 million and 300 million adult birds.
They are found in Europe, Asia and northern Africa.
It is possible that climate change is affecting their migration.
Pied wagtail
The pied wagtail is a subspecies of the white wagtail.
They are 18cm long, have a wingspan of between 25 and 30cm and weigh between 17 and 25grams.
Dossibai Rustomji Cowasji Patell MBE (16 October 1881 - 4 February 1960) was a Parsi obstetrician and gynaecologist from Bombay, who in 1910 became the first woman to become a member of the Royal College of Surgeons of England.
"Infant Mortality, its causes and how to Remedy it" in Report of the All India Social Service Conference.
Bombay: Servants of India Society, 1924.
65-75.
"Critical Analysis of 669 Caesarian Sections in the Nowrosji Wadi Maternity Hospital, Bombay", Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of India, Vol.
IV, No.
2, December 1953.
"Presidential Address", at the 8th All India Obstetrics & Gynaecology Congress, Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of India, Vol.
V, No.
4, June 1955.
The Porcelain Tower was a giant porcelain-covered pagoda (Chinese tower) in Nanjing, China.
It was destroyed, but a copy has been built beside the Qinhuai River.
The first tower was planned by the Yongle Emperor of the Ming family of rulers in the early 1400s.
It was built under his grandson the Xuande Emperor as part of his work on the Great Bao'en Temple between 1428 and 1431.
It was 30meters (97feet) high and had 9 floors.
The top of the tower had a golden pineapple.
This first porcelain tower was destroyed by the Taipings in 1856.
After Deng Xiaoping's Opening Up Policy made China richer, a successful businessman named Wang Jianlin gave Nanjing 1,000,000,000 in 2010 to rebuild the Porcelain Tower.
The copy and the park around it opened in December 2015.
Pierre Duchesne (born February 27, 1940) is a Canadian statesman.
He was the 28th lieutenant-governor of Quebec.
He represents the crown.
Parañaque, officially the City of Parañaque (), in the Philippines, is one of the sixteen cities that make up Metro Manila.
Parañaque is the home of the PAGCOR Entertainment City, a gaming and entertainment complex under development by the state owned Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation spanning an area of  in Bay City, where four large integrated resorts are based namely Solaire Resort & Casino, City of Dreams Manila, Okada Manila, and the soon to be completed Westside City Resorts World.
It is also the home of the Parañaque Integrated Terminal Exchange public transport and the Aseana City business district development which includes Ayala Malls Manila Bay.
Parañaque has divided into 16 barangays.
Gudenå (pronounced Goo-den-o) is the longest river in Denmark.
It is 149 kilometers long.
The river starts at a spring called Tinnet Krat and flows through Jutland.
The Pasig River is a river that passes through the capital of the Philippines, Manila.
It is named after the city Pasig.
It has a drainage basin that is bigger than 4,000 square kilometers, but is only 25 kilometers long.
It is very polluted.
Chi Cygni is a Mira variable star located in the Cygnus constellation.
It is 737 times larger than the Sun.
Chi Cygni is a red giant star that is about to end its life.
Malavalli Huchche Gowda Amarnath (29 May 1952 – 24 November 2018) known by his screen name Ambareesh, was an Indian actor and politician.
He was known for his Bollywood movie roles in Naagarahaavu and in Paduvaaralli Pandavaru.
He was known as Mandayada Gandu (English: Man of Mandya).
He was born in Doddarasinakere, Karnataka.
In his political career, Ambareesh, a member of the Indian National Congress, was elected to the Lok Sabha in 1998 and retired in 2009.
He also was India's Minister of Information and Broadcasting from 2006 to 2007 when Manmohan Singh was Prime Minister.
Ambareesh on Filmibeat.com
Věra Růžičková (10 August 1928 – 24 November 2018) was a Czech gymnast.
She competed in the 1948 Summer Olympics.
She was born in Brno.
She won a gold medal as a member of the Czech squad in the team competition at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London.
Edward Benton "Eddie" Reeves (November 17, 1939 – November 18, 2018) is an American songwriter, recording artist, music publisher, artist manager, record company executive, and author.
He was born in Austin, Texas, but raised in Amarillo, Texas.
He was known for writing "All I Ever Need Is You", which has been covered by Ray Charles, Sonny & Cher, Ray Sanders, Andre Hazes, Tom Jones, Sammi Smith, Chet Atkins & Jerry Reed and Kenny Rogers & Dottie West.
Reeves was nominated for three Grammy Awards.
Randolph Louis Braham (December 20, 1922 – November 25, 2018) was an American historian and political scientist.
He was Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Political Science at the City College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York.
He was the author or editor of over 60 books and co-authored or written chapters to 50 others and published a large number of scholarly articles.
His works dealt with the Holocaust in Hungary and 20th-century Hungarian history, as well as history in post-World War II politics in Hungary.
Personal Testimony to the USC Shoah Foundation Part I May 28, 1997
Personal Testimony to the USC Shoah Foundation Part II May 30, 1997
Personal Testimony to the USC Shoah Foundation--Additional material and indexes
William Dean Naulls (October 7, 1934 – November 22, 2018) was an American basketball player.
He played professionally in the National Basketball Association from 1956 to 1966.
He was born in Dallas, Texas, but was raised in Los Angeles, California.
He played for the St. Louis Hawks, New York Knicks, Golden State Warriors and the Boston Celtics.
at nba.com
UCLA Bruins sports – Men's basketball media guide
Laguna Niguel is a suburban city in Orange County, California in the United States.
As of the 2010 census, the population was 62,979.
Laguna Niguel has a median household income 31 percent above the Orange County average and nearly double the U.S. average.
It is known for its mild coastal climate and very low crime rate.
Challakere Kareem Jaffer Sharief (3 November 1933 – 25 November 2018) was an Indian politician.
He was one of the senior most Indian National Congress leaders.
He was the Railways Minister of the Government of India from 1991 until 1995 when P. V. Narasimha Rao was Prime Minister.
He was a member of Lok Sabha from 1971 to 1996 and again from 1998 to 2004.
Pamulaparti Venkata Narasimha Rao (28 June 1921 – 23 December 2004) was an Indian lawyer and politician.
He was the 9th Prime Minister of India from 1991 to 1996.
He was born in Vangara, Hyderabad State, British India (now in Telangana, India).
Inder Kumar Gujral (4 December 1919 – 30 November 2012) was an Indian politician.
He was the 12th Prime Minister of India from April 1997 to March 1998.
Gujral was the third Prime Minister to be from the Rajya Sabha.
I. K. Gujral: Matters of Discretion: An Autobiography, Hay House, India, 519 pages, Feb. 2011. .
Distributors: Penguin books, India. (
The only autobiography by an Indian PM)
Gurugram, formerly named Gurgaon, is a city in the northern Indian state of Haryana.
It is near the Delhi-Haryana border, about  southwest of the national capital New Delhi and  south of Chandigarh, the state capital.
It is one of the major satellite cities of Delhi and is part of the National Capital Region of India. ,
Gurugram had a population of 876,900.
Gulzari Lal Nanda (4 July 1898 – 15 January 1998) was an Indian politician and economist.
He was the caretaker Prime Minister of India for two short periods following the deaths of Jawaharlal Nehru in 1964 and Lal Bahadur Shastri in 1966.
Lal Bahadur Shastri (, , 2 October 1904 – 11 January 1966) was an Indian politician.
He was the 2nd Prime Minister of India from 1964 to 1966.
He was a senior leader of the Indian National Congress political party.
Shastri died on 11 January 1966 in Tashkent, Soviet Union from a heart attack at the age of 61.
Many people believed that there was a conspiracy to his death and that he was murdered.
Gopalkrishna Devdas Gandhi (born 22 April 1945) is an Indian politician.
He was the 22nd Governor of West Bengal from 2004 to 2009.
He was the United Progressive Alliance nominee for Vice President of India in the 2017 elections  and lost with 244 votes against NDA candidate Venkaiah Naidu, who got 516 votes.
Rajmohan Gandhi (born 7 August 1935) is an Indian politician, writer, historian and researcher.
He is the research professor at the Center for South Asian and Middle Eastern Studies at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
He is the grandson of Mahatma Gandhi and Chakravarthi Rajagopalachari.
He is also a scholar in residence at the Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar.
Arun Manilal Gandhi (born 1934) is an Indian-American socio-political activist.
He is the fifth grandson of Mohandas Gandhi.
Gandhi considers himself to be a Hindu but expresses universalist views.
Gandhi has worked closely with Christian priests and his philosophies are strongly influenced by Buddhist, Hindu, Muslim and Christian ideas.
In 2003 Gandhi was one of the signatories to Humanism and Its Aspirations (Humanist Manifesto III).
Kasturbai "Kasturba" Mohandas Gandhi ( born Kasturbai Makhanji Kapadia on (11 April 1869 – 22 February 1944) was an Indian political activist.
She was the wife of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi.
Like her husband, she was involved in the Indian independence movement in British-ruled India.
Morarji Ranchhodji Desai (29 February 1896 – 10 April 1995) was an Indian activist and politician.
Between 1977 and 1979, he was the 4th Prime Minister of India.
Chaudhary Charan Singh (23 December 1902 – 29 May 1987) was an Indian politician.
He was the 5th Prime Minister of India from 28 July 1979 until 14 January 1980.
Many people called him the 'champion of India's peasants.'
He was born in Noorpur, United Provinces, British India.
He was mainly a member of the Janata Party.
Vishwanath Pratap Singh (25 June 1931 – 27 November 2008), was an Indian politician.
He is the 8th Prime Minister of India from 1989 to 1990.
He was born in Allahabad, United Provinces, British India.
Chandra Shekhar (1 July 1927 – 8 July 2007) was an Indian politician.
He was the 8th Prime Minister of India between 10 November 1990 and 21 June 1991.
He was born in Ibrahimpatti, Ballia, United Provinces, British India.
Shekhar was mainly a member of the Janata Party.
Mohammad Hidayatullah OBE  (17 December 1905 – 18 September 1992) was an Indian politician.
Hidayatullah was the 11th Chief Justice of India from 25 February 1968 to 16 December 1970, and the sixth Vice President of India from 31 August 1979 to 30 August 1984.
He was the Acting President of India from 20 July 1969 to 24 August 1969 and from 6 October 1982 to 31 October 1982.
Basappa Danappa Jatti   (10 September 1913 – 7 June 2002) was an Indian politician.
He was the fifth Vice President of India from 1974 to 1979.
He was Acting President of India from 11 February to 25 July 1977.
Jatti was born in Savalagi, Bombay Presidency, British India.
Governors of Odisha
Neelam Sanjiva Reddy  (19 May 1913 – 1 June 1996) was an Indian politician.
He was the sixth President of India from 1977 to 1982.
He was the Speaker of the Lok Sabha from 1967 to 1969 and again in 1977.
Gyani Zail Singh (; born Jarnail Singh, 5 May 1916 – 25 December 1994) was an Indian politician.
He was the seventh President of India from 1982 to 1987.
He was a politician with the Indian National Congress party.
Ramaswamy Venkataraman (, 4 December 191027 January 2009) was an Indian lawyer, activist and politician.
He was the eighth President of India from 1987 to 1992.
Shankar Dayal Sharma  (19 August 1918 – 26 December 1999) was an Indian politician.
He was the ninth President of India from 1992 to 1997.
Sharma had been the eighth Vice President of India, serving under R. Venkataraman.
Governors of Maharashtra
Kocheril Raman Narayanan (;  4 February 1921 – 9 November 2005) was an Indian politician.
He was born in Perumthanam, Travancore, British India.
He was the tenth President of India from 1997 to 2002.
Before this, he was the Vice President of India from 1992 to 1997.
Narayanan was a member of the Indian National Congress.
David Michael Gauke  (; born 8 October 1971) is a British Conservative Party politician and solicitor.
He is the Secretary of State for Justice and Lord Chancellor since 2018 and Member of Parliament (MP) for South West Hertfordshire since 2005.
7days was an English-language newspaper in the United Arab Emirates from 2003 to 2016.
It was a free newspaper that was published every day.
It was published by Al Sidra Media LLC.
In 2003, Mohsin's first album was Amar Mon Cheye Roy.
Her second album titled was Sharado Prate (2004).
In 2013, she released Barshamukhor Raate Phagun Sameerane.
She performs on Bangladesh Television, Bangladesh Betar, NTV, Maasranga Television, SA TV, and Tara Muzik.
As a play-back singer, she has sung Rabindra Sangeet for different dramas and serials on various television channels in Bangladesh.
She sang in Rabindranath Tagore's Chhinnapatra, a documentary film based on the still photographs of Nawajesh Ahmed.
In 2009, Mohsin performed in Kolkata with Asha Bhosle as one of the Panchakannya, along with Lopamudra Mitra, Subhamita Banerjee and Srabani Sen. In 2016, she performed in the Royal Albert Hall in London.
Mixed albums
Jagatey Andayagyae Aamar Nimantrano (2008)
Moner Majhe Je Gaan Baje (2010)
Debabrata Smriti Purashkar
Anannya Top Ten Awards (2003)
Citycell-Channel-i Music Awards for best Rabindra Sangeet singer (2006)
Mohammad Omar Sunny (born 6 May 1969) better known as Omar Sunny, is a Bangladeshi film and television actor.
Katherine Anne Stuart is a Canadian actress and stunt performer.
She has guest-starred on television shows as well as appearing in the television movie A Wrinkle in Time.
She shares the same name as another former child actress who is best known for her role in the independent movie Frog and Wombat.
Katie Stuart's LiveJournal
Ayasha Rahman () (born 14 January 1994) is a Bangladeshi cricketer who plays for the Bangladesh cricket team.
She is a right handed batsman.
ODI career
T20I career
Rahman made her T20I career against the India women's cricket team on April 5, 2013.
In June 2018, she was part of Bangladesh's squad that won their first ever Women's Asia Cup title, winning the 2018 Women's Twenty20 Asia Cup tournament.
Later the same month, she was named in Bangladesh's squad for the 2018 ICC Women's World Twenty20 Qualifier tournament.
She was the leading run-scorer for Bangladesh in the tournament, with 89 runs in five matches.
Following the conclusion of the tournament, she was named as the rising star of Bangladesh's squad by the International Cricket Council (ICC).
Bretzwil is a municipality of the district of Waldenburg in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland.
Newton County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas.
As of the 2010 census, the population was 8,330.
It was founded on December 14, 1842.
Titterten is a municipality of the district of Waldenburg in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland.
Reigoldswil is a municipality of the district of Waldenburg in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland.
Diegten is a municipality of the district of Waldenburg in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland.
The Infamy Speech was a speech given by United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt to a Joint Session of the US Congress on December 8, 1941, one day after the Empire of Japan's attack on the US naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, and the Japanese declaration of war on the United States and the British Empire.
The name comes from the first line of the speech "a date which will live in infamy."
Gordon Frank Copeland (19 August 1943 – 24 November 2018) was a New Zealand politician.
He was a Member of Parliament from 2002 to 2008.
When first elected, he was a member of the United Future New Zealand Party from 2002 but he resigned from the party in 2007.
In March 2009, Copeland became Party President of The Kiwi Party, which he had co-founded.
Copeland stood for the Conservative Party in the 2011 general election, but lost the election.
Giuliana Calandra  (10 February 1936 – 25 November 2018) was an Italian actress, journalist and television presenter.
She was born in Moncalieri, Italy.
Calandra was known for her movie roles in La Calandria, Deep Red and in L'affittacamere.
Viktor Izrailyovych Kanevskyi (, ; 3 October 1936 – 25 November 2018) was a Ukrainian and Soviet football player and coach.
He was born to a Jewish family in Kiev.
He played for Soviet national team and for Dynamo Kyiv.
He also managed Metalist Kharkiv and Dnipro.
Tomás Maldonado (25 April 1922 – 26 November 2018) was an Argentine painter, designer and philosopher.
He was one of the main theorists of design theory From 1954 to 1967, Maldonado worked at the Ulm School of Design (Hochschule für Gestaltung – HfG) in Germany.
He created a system of codes for the design program of the Italian firm Olivetti and the department store La Rinascente.
Tomás Maldonado at Centro Virtual de Arte Argentino (CVAA)
Argentine philosophers
Chamely Khatun (born 11 November 1988, is a Bangladeshi) cricketer who plays for the Bangladesh national women's cricket team.
She is a right handed batsman and right-arm slow bowler.
Asian games
The Settlers of Catan, sometimes called Catan or Settlers for short, is a board game.
More than one person plays Catan at a time.
The Settlers of Catan was designed by Klaus Teuber and first published in 1995 in Germany by Franckh-Kosmos Verlag (Kosmos) as Die Siedler von Catan.
People play as settlers, each try to build holdings while trading and getting resources.
Players get points as their settlements grow.
The first player to reach a set number of points, usually 10, wins.
The game and its many expansions are also published by Mayfair Games, Filosofia, Capcom, 999 Games, Κάισσα, and Devir.
The Settlers of Catan became one of the first German-style board games to become popular outside Europe. ,
more than 22 million copies in 30 languages had been sold.
The players in the game represent settlers creating colonies on the island of Catan.
Players build settlements, cities, and roads to connect them as they settle the island.
The game board, which represents the island, is made out of tiles with six sides. (
hexes) of different land types, which are laid out randomly at the beginning of each game.
Newer editions of the game began to have a fixed layout in their manual, which has been proven by computer simulations to be fair.
They recommend this to be used by beginners.
In 2016, editions of the game were released with a conventional fixed layout board in this configuration.
The hexes of these editions cannot be rearranged.
Teuber's original design was for a large game of exploration and development in a new land.
Between 1993 and 1995 Teuber and Kosmos refined and simplified the game into its current form.
Unused mechanics from that design went on to be used in Teuber's following games, Entdecker and Löwenherz.
The game's first expansion, Catan: Seafarers, adds the concept of exploration, and the combined game (sometimes known as "New Shores") is probably the closest game to Teuber's original intentions.
Congressional districts in the United States are electoral divisions for electing members of the United States House of Representatives.
There are now 435 voting seats in the House of Representatives.
Each seat represents around 711,000 people.
There have been 435 voting seats since 1913, except for a temporary increase to 437 after the admissions of Alaska and Hawaii.
The total number of state members is capped by the Reapportionment Act of 1929.
Also, each of the five inhabited U.S. territories and the federal district of Washington, D.C. sends a non-voting delegate to the House of Representatives.
The Bureau of the Census counts the number of people in the United States every ten years.
This is called the decennial census.
The numbers from the Census are used to figure out how many representavies each  state gets.
This is called "apportionment".
The 2012 elections were the first to be based on the congressional districts which were defined based on the 2010 United States Census.
Each state is in charge of the redistricting of districts within their state, and several states have one "at-large" division.
Redistricting must take place if the number of members changes after a reapportionment, or may take place at any other time if demographics represented in a district has changed substantially.
Districts may sometimes retain the same boundaries while changing their district numbers.
Average population: 710,767 people based on 2010 U.S. Census.
It was 646,946 in 2000.
State with the most people in the average district: Montana (994,416).
In 2000, also Montana: 905,316.
State with the fewest people in the average district: Rhode Island (527,624).
In 2000, Wyoming: 495,304.
District with the most people:  (994,416).
In 2000, also : 905,316.
District with the fewest people:  (526,283).
In 2000, : 495,304.
Districts per state
State with the most: California (53), same as in 2000.
States with the fewest (only one district "at-large"): Alaska, Delaware, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Vermont and Wyoming.
Alaska, Delaware and Wyoming are the only states that have never had more than one district.
Between 1810 and 1820, Delaware had two U.S. Representatives, but they were elected at-large.
District with the greatest area: , same as in 2000.
District with the greatest area that comprises less than an entire state: .
In 2000: .
District with the smallest area: .
Oldest district
, same geographical borders since 1789.
Well-Being
District with the highest American Human Development Index score: California's 18th.
District with the lowest American Human Development Index score: California's 21st.
: 1818–1819 (obsolete since statehood)
: 1819–1823, 1841–1843, 1873–1877, 1913–1917, 1963–1965 (obsolete)
: 1823–1841, 1843–1963, 1965–present
: 1833–1841, 1843–1963, 1965–present
: 1843–1963, 1965–present
: 1843–1863, 1877–1963, 1965–present
: 1877–1963, 1965–1973 (obsolete since the 1970 census)
: 1893–1963 (obsolete since the 1960 census)
: 1917–1933 (obsolete since the 1930 census)
: 1906–1959 (obsolete since statehood)
: 1959–present
See Non-voting delegations, below.
: 1863–1912 (obsolete since statehood)
: 1912–1949 (obsolete)
: 1949–present
: 1963–present
: 1973–present
: 1983–present
: 1993–present
: 2003–present
: 2013–present
: 1819–1836 (obsolete since statehood)
: 1836–1853, 1873–1875, 1883–1885 (obsolete)
: 1853–present
: 1863–present
: 1875–present
: 1885–1963 (obsolete since the 1960 census)
: 1903–1953 (obsolete since the 1950 census)
: 1849–1865, 1883–1885 (obsolete)
: 1865–present
: 1873–present
: 1885–present
: 1893–present
: 1903–present
: 1913–present
: 1933–present
: 1943–present
: 1953–present
: 1861–1876 (obsolete since statehood)
: 1876–1893, 1903–1915 (obsolete)
: 1915–present
: 1789–1837, 1903–1913, 1933–1965 (obsolete)
: 1837–present
: 1837–1843, 1913–present
: 1837–1843, 1965–2003 (obsolete since the 2000 census)
: 1789–present
The oldest district in the country, it has never changed its shape or size.
From 1813 to 1823, Delaware had two representatives—both chosen at-large on a general ticket from the same statewide district.
: 1822–1845 (obsolete since statehood)
: 1845–1875, 1913–1915, 1933–1937, 1943–1945 (obsolete)
: 1937–present
: 1945–present
: 1793–1827, 1829–1845, 1883–1885 (obsolete)
: 1789–1793, 1827–1829, 1845–present
: 1827–1829, 1845–present
: 1845–1863, 1873–present
: 1893–1933, 1993–present
: 1913–1933, 2003–present
: 1900–1959 (obsolete since statehood)
: 1959–1971 (obsolete)
: 1971–present
: 1864–1890 (obsolete since statehood)
: 1890–1919 (obsolete)
: 1919–present
: 1812–1818 (obsolete since statehood)
: 1818–1833, 1863–1873, 1893–1895, 1913–1949 (obsolete)
: 1833–present
: 1843–present
: 1873–2013 (obsolete since the 2010 census)
: 1883–2003 (obsolete since the 2000 census)
: 1895–1993 (obsolete since the 1990 census)
: 1903–1983 (obsolete since the 1980 census)
: 1903–1963 (obsolete since the 1960 census)
: 1949–1953 (obsolete since the 1950 census)
: 1805–1816 (obsolete since statehood)
: 1816–1823, 1873–1875 (obsolete)
: 1823–present
: 1843–2003 (obsolete since the 2000 census)
: 1853–1983 (obsolete since the 1980 census)
: 1875–1943 (obsolete since the 1940 census)
: 1875–1933 (obsolete since the 1930 census)
: 1838–1846 (obsolete since statehood)
: 1846–1847 (obsolete)
: 1847–present
: 1863–2013 (obsolete since the 2010 census)
: 1863–1993 (obsolete since the 1990 census)
: 1873–1973 (obsolete since the 1970 census)
: 1873–1963 (obsolete since the 1960 census)
: 1873–1943 (obsolete since the 1940 census)
: 1883–1933 (obsolete since the 1930 census)
: 1854–1861 (obsolete since statehood)
: 1861–1875, 1883–1885, 1893–1907 (obsolete)
: 1885–1993 (obsolete since the 1990 census)
: 1885–1943 (obsolete since the 1940 census)
: 1907–1933 (obsolete since the 1930 census)
: 1933–1935 (obsolete)
: 1792–1933, 1935–present
: 1803–1933, 1935–present
: 1813–1933, 1935–1993 (obsolete since the 1990 census)
: 1813–1933, 1935–1963 (obsolete since the 1960 census)
: 1813–1933, 1935–1953 (obsolete since the 1950 census)
: 1813–1863, 1873–1933 (obsolete since the 1930 census)
: 1823–1843, 1883–1933 (obsolete since the 1930 census)
: 1823–1843 (obsolete since the 1840 census)
: 1833–1843 (obsolete since the 1840 census)
: 1806–1812 (obsolete since statehood)
: 1812–1823, 1873–1875 (obsolete)
: 1903–2013 (obsolete since the 2010 census)
: 1913–1993 (obsolete since the 1990 census)
Until 1820, Maine was part of Massachusetts.
After the 1810 census, Massachusetts was allocated 20 districts.
Seven Massachusetts districts (then numbered  through ) were credited to Maine soon after it became a state in 1820.
See District of Maine.
: 1820–1821, 1883–1885 (obsolete)
: 1821–1883, 1885–present
: 1821–1883, 1885–1963 (obsolete since the 1960 census)
: 1821–1883, 1885–1933 (obsolete since the 1930 census)
: 1821–1883 (obsolete since the 1880 census)
: 1821–1863 (obsolete since the 1860 census)
: 1821–1853 (obsolete since the 1850 census)
: 1963–1967 (obsolete)
: 1789–1863, 1873–present
: 1793–1843, 1953–present
: 1793–1835, 1967–present
: 1793–1795 (obsolete)
: 1789–1793, 1795–present
: 1795–present
: 1795–2013 (obsolete since the 2010 census)
: 1795–1843, 1853–1863, 1873–1993 (obsolete since the 1990 census)
: 1795–1843, 1883–1983 (obsolete since the 1980 census)
: 1795–1833, 1893–1963 (obsolete since the 1960 census)
: 1795–1820 (moved to Maine), 1903–1963 (obsolete since the 1960 census)
: 1803–1820 (moved to Maine), 1913–1943 (obsolete since the 1940 census)
: 1803–1820 (moved to Maine), 1913–1933 (obsolete since the 1930 census)
: 1803–1820 (obsolete since 1820 move to Maine)
: 1813–1820 (obsolete since 1820 move to Maine)
: 1819–1837 (obsolete since statehood)
: 1835–1843, 1913–1915, 1963–1965 (obsolete)
: 1883–present
: 1933–2013 (obsolete since the 2010 census)
: 1933–2003 (obsolete since the 2000 census)
: 1933–1993 (obsolete since the 1990 census)
: 1953–1993 (obsolete since the 1990 census)
: 1965–1983 (obsolete since the 1980 census)
: 1849–1858 (obsolete since statehood)
: 1857–1863, 1913–1915, 1933–1935 (obsolete)
: 1863–1933, 1935–present
: 1873–1933, 1935–present
: 1883–1933, 1935–present
: 1893–1933, 1935–present
: 1903–1933, 1935–present
: 1903–1933, 1935–1963 (obsolete since the 1960 census)
: 1915–1933 (obsolete since the 1930 census)
: 1801–1817 (obsolete since statehood)
: 1817–1847, 1853–1855 (obsolete)
: 1855–2003 (obsolete since the 2000 census)
: 1883–1953 (obsolete since the 1950 census)
: 1903–1933 (obsolete since the 1930 census)
: 1812–1821 (obsolete since statehood)
: 1821–1847, 1933–1935 (obsolete)
: 1847–1933, 1935–present
: 1853–1933, 1935–present
: 1863–1933, 1935–2013 (obsolete since the 2010 census)
: 1873–1933, 1935–1983 (obsolete since the 1980 census)
: 1873–1933, 1935–1963 (obsolete since the 1960 census)
: 1873–1933, 1935–1953 (obsolete since the 1950 census)
: 1893–1933 (obsolete since the 1930 census)
: 1865–1889 (obsolete since statehood)
: 1889–1919, 1993–present
: 1919–1993 (obsolete since the 1990 census)
: 1855–1867 (obsolete since statehood)
: 1867–1883 (obsolete)
: 1893–1943 (obsolete since the 1940 census)
: 1861–1864 (obsolete since statehood)
: 1864–1983 (obsolete)
: 1789–1847 (obsolete)
: 1847–1883 (obsolete since the 1880 census)
: 1847–1853 (obsolete since the 1850 census)
: 1789–1799, 1801–1813, 1815–1843 (obsolete)
: 1799–1801, 1813–1815, 1843–present
: 1799–1801, 1843–present
: 1963–1983 (obsolete since the 1980 census)
: 1851–1912 (obsolete since statehood)
: 1912–1969 (obsolete)
: 1969–present
: 1873–1875, 1883–1885, 1933–1945 (obsolete)
: 1793–present
: 1803–present
: 1803–1809, 1813–present
: 1813–present
: 1821–present
: 1823–2013 (obsolete since the 2010 census)
: 1823–2003 (obsolete since the 2000 census)
: 1833–2003 (obsolete since the 2000 census)
: 1833–1863, 1873–1993 (obsolete since the 1990 census)
: 1833–1863, 1875–1993 (obsolete since the 1990 census)
: 1843–1853, 1885–1993 (obsolete since the 1990 census)
: 1913–1983 (obsolete since the 1980 census)
: 1913–1973 (obsolete since the 1970 census)
: 1913–1963 (obsolete since the 1960 census)
: 1945–1953 (obsolete since the 1950 census)
: 1883–1885 (obsolete)
: 1793–1863, 1873–present
: 1793–1853, 1885–present
: 1793–1843, 1903–present
: 1803–1843, 1933–present
: 1803–1843, 1943–1963, 1993–present
: 1813–1843, 2003–present
: 1861–1889 (obsolete since statehood)
: 1889–1913, 1933–1963, 1973–present
: 1913–1933, 1963–1973 (obsolete since the 1970 census)
: 1913–1933 (obsolete since the 1930 census)
: 1799–1803 (obsolete since statehood)
: 1803–1813, 1913–1915, 1933–1953, 1963–1967 (obsolete)
: 1833–2013 (obsolete since the 2010 census)
: 1843–1863, 1873–1993 (obsolete since the 1990 census)
: 1843–1863, 1883–1993 (obsolete since the 1990 census)
: 1915–1983 (obsolete since the 1980 census)
: 1953–1983 (obsolete since the 1980 census)
: 1967–1973 (obsolete since the 1970 census)
: 1890–1907 (obsolete since statehood)
: 1913–1915, 1933–1943 (obsolete)
: 1907–present
: 1915–2003 (obsolete since the 2000 census)
: 1915–1953 (obsolete since the 1950 census)
: 1849–1859 (obsolete since statehood)
: 1859–1893 (obsolete)
: 1789–1791, 1793–1795, 1873–1875, 1883–1889, 1893–1903, 1913–1923, 1943–1945 (obsolete)
: 1791–1793, 1795–present
: 1795–1803, 1813–present
: 1833–1993 (obsolete since the 1990 census)
: 1833–1983 (obsolete since the 1980 census)
: 1833–1843, 1853–1863, 1875–1983 (obsolete since the 1980 census)
: 1875–1973 (obsolete since the 1970 census)
: 1889–1963 (obsolete since the 1960 census)
: 1923–1953 (obsolete since the 1950 census)
: 1923–1943 (obsolete since the 1940 census)
: 1923–1933 (obsolete since the 1930 census)
: 1790–1843 (obsolete)
: 1873–1875 (obsolete)
: 1789–1863, 1875–present
: 1793–1863, 1883–present
: 1803–1853, 1883–1933, 2013–present
: 1803–1843 (obsolete since the 1840 census)
: 1813–1843 (obsolete since the 1840 census)
1861–1889 (obsolete since statehood)
: 1889–1913, 1983–present
: 1794–1796 (obsolete since statehood)
: 1796–1805, 1873–1875 (obsolete)
: 1805–present
: 1823–1863, 1873–1973, 1983–present
: 1833–1863, 1875–1933, 1943–1953 (obsolete since the 1950 census)
: 1833–1853 (obsolete since the 1850 census)
: 1873–1875, 1913–1919, 1933–1935, 1953–1959, 1963–1967 (obsolete)
: 1845–present
: 1935–present
: 1967–present
(obsolete since statehood)
: 1896–1913 (obsolete)
: 1813–1821, 1823–1825, 1933–present
: 1791–1813, 1821–1823, 1825–1933 (obsolete since the 1930 census)
: 1803–1813, 1821–1823, 1825–1883 (obsolete since the 1880 census)
: 1803–1813, 1821–1823, 1825–1853 (obsolete since the 1850 census)
: 1821–1823, 1825–1843 (obsolete since the 1840 census)
: 1821–1823 (obsolete since the 1820 census)
: 1883–1885, 1933–1935 (obsolete)
: 1789–1933, 1935–present
: 1789–1863, 1873–1933, 1935–present
: 1789–1863, 1885–1933, 1953–present
: 1793–1863, 1993–present
: 1793–1863 (obsolete since the 1863 move to West Virginia)
: 1793–1853 (obsolete since the 1850 census)
: 1793–1843 (obsolete since the 1840 census)
: 1803–1833 (obsolete since the 1830 census)
: 1813–1823 (obsolete since the 1820 census)
: 1854–1889 (obsolete since statehood)
: 1889–1909, 1913–1915, 1953–1959 (obsolete)
: 1909–present
: 1913–1917 (obsolete)
: 1883–1993 (obsolete since the 1990 census)
: 1903–1973 (obsolete since the 1970 census)
: 1917–1963 (obsolete since the 1960 census)
: 1836–1848 (obsolete since statehood)
: 1848–present
: 1849–present
: 1893–1973 (obsolete since the 1970 census)
: 1869–1890 (obsolete since statehood)
: 1890–present
Non-voting delegations
, 1978–present
, 1871–1875 & 1971–present
, 1970–present
, 2009–present
, 1907–1946 (obsolete since independence)
, 1901–present
List of current districts by area
United States Congressional apportionment
General ticket
Redistricting
Texas Eleven
Voting Rights Act
Better Know A District: A recurring segment on The Colbert Report, in which Stephen Colbert profiled a congressional district and interviewed its Representative.
Described by Colbert as a "435-part series".
Singapore: Group Representation Constituency, Non-Constituency Member of Parliament
Find a Senator or Representative via Govtrack.us
United States Census Bureau:
Congressional Apportionment
Census Redistricting Data Office
Geography division
congressional districts
Leo Schwarz (9 October 1931 – 26 November 2018) was a German Catholic figure.
He was born in Braunweiler, Germany.
Schwarz was from 1982 to 2006 the Roman Catholic auxiliary bishop in the diocese of Trier, and was bishop of Abbir Germaniciana.
Thomas J. Dart (born May 25, 1962) is an American politician and police official.
He is the Sheriff of Cook County, Illinois since 2007.
A Democrat, he is the chief executive of the second largest such department in the United States after Los Angeles.
Dart was a member of the Illinois Senate from 1991 to 1993.
From 1993 to 2003, he was a member of the Illinois House of Representatives.
Cook County Sheriff's Office
Tom Dart biography
Snus is smokeless tobacco.
It has been used in Sweden for almost a century.
The name is a bit like the English snuff, but it is a different product.
Snus is placed under the upper lip; snuff is inhaled into the nostrils.
Marthe Mathilde Cnockaert (28 October 1892 – 8 January 1966), later Marthe McKenna, was a Belgian nurse.
She spied for the British forces after the First World War.
She became a novelist and wrote over a dozen spy novels in addition to her memoirs.
Tsukuyomi (), or Tsukuyomi-no-mikoto  (), is the god of the moon in Japanese mythology.
He is the brother of Amaterasu, the goddess of the sun, and of Susanoo, the god of the sea and storms.
Max Fleischer (born Majer Fleischer ; July 19, 1883 – September 25, 1972) was a Polish-American animator, inventor, movie director and producer.
Fleischer was the head of Fleischer Studios.
He was known for creating Koko the Clown, Betty Boop, Popeye, and Superman to the movie screen.
Betty Boop is an animated cartoon character created by Max Fleischer.
She originally appeared in the Talkartoon and Betty Boop movie series.
They were produced by Fleischer Studios and released by Paramount Pictures.
She has also been featured in comic strips and mass merchandising.
Elizabeth Jean "Busy" Philipps (born June 25, 1979) is an  American actress, writer, producer, and director.
She is known for her roles on the television series Freaks and Geeks (1999–2000), Dawson's Creek (2001–03) and ER (2006–07), and for her role of Laurie Keller on the ABC series Cougar Town (2009–15).
Philipps has also appeared in movies, such as The Smokers (2000), Home Room (2002), White Chicks (2004), Made of Honor (2008), He's Just Not That into You (2009), The Gift (2015), and I Feel Pretty (2018).
and voiced roles in Nutri Ventures english-dubbed role as Ben in several episodes, Super Robot Monkey Team Hyperforce Go, American Dad, Fish Hooks.
Jefferson County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky.
As of the 2010 census, the population was 741,096.
It is the most populous county in the commonwealth.
Its county seat and largest city is Louisville, Kentucky.
William Francis Raborn, Jr., (June 8, 1905 – March 6, 1990) was the United States Director of Central Intelligence from April 28, 1965 until June 30, 1966.
He was also a career United States Navy officer who lead the project to develop the Polaris missile system and retired from the Navy in 1963 as a Vice Admiral.
Shapleigh, pronounced "SHAP-lee", is a town of York County in the state of Maine, United States.
Joni Eareckson Tada (born October 15, 1949) is an American evangelical Christian author and radio host.
She is the founder of Joni and Friends, an organization "accelerating Christian ministry in the disability community".
Tada was born in Baltimore, Maryland.
Tada wrote of her life in her 1976 international best-selling autobiography, Joni: The unforgettable story of a young woman's struggle against quadriplegia & depression.
In November 2009, Tada signed an ecumenical statement known as the Manhattan Declaration calling on evangelicals, Catholics and Orthodox Christians to work towards changing laws which permit abortion.
Tada is a conference speaker.
Her articles have been published in Christianity Today, Today's Christian Woman, The War Cry (Salvation Army), and newspapers around the world.
Tada has appeared four times on Larry King Live.
In 2010, Tada was diagnosed with breast cancer.
She underwent a mastectomy and chemotherapy.
Her treatment was successful and was declared cancer-free in 2015.
In November 2018, Tada was diagnosed with malignant thyroid cancer.
Hinds County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi.
As of the 2010 census, the population was 245,285.
It is the most populous county in Mississippi.
The county was created in 1821.
It is named for General Thomas Hinds, a hero of the Battle of New Orleans during the War of 1812.
Hinds County - Official website
Raymond is a city in Hinds County, Mississippi, United States.
As of the 2010 census, the city population was 1,933.
Raymond is one of two county seats of Hinds County (along with Jackson) and is the home of the main campus of Hinds Community College.
Harrison County is a county found in the U.S. state of Mississippi.
As of the 2010 census, the population was 187,105.
It is the second-most populous county in Mississippi.
Its county seats are Biloxi and Gulfport.
The county is named after U.S. President William Henry Harrison.
Loop AI Labs is an AI and cognitive computing company that focuses on language understanding technology.
The company was founded in San Francisco in 2012 by Italian entrepreneur Gianmauro Calafiore, who sold his company Gsmbox to Buongiorno in 2004 and then relocated from Italy to San Francisco.
Wanting to start an artificial intelligence company, he recruited two veterans of the DARPA CALO project, the largest government-funded AI project in history, who had worked on the project at SRI International and Stanford University's Center for the Study of Language and Information.
The original company name, Soshoma, was changed to Loop AI Labs in 2015 after the company decided to change its focus from consumer-oriented to enterprise.
Loop AI Labs is headquartered in San Francisco, California, with offices in New York, Milan, and Singapore.
The company is privately funded.
On May 4, 2017, Loop AI Labs entered into a deal with LINK Mobility Group, a leading European provider of mobile messaging and solutions, to bring their cognitive computing technology to LINK's business clients, which cover 234 million people across Europe.
Cornu aspersum is the garden snail.
They are often called a pest.
In English books it was called Helix aspersa for over two centuries, but the current classification now places it in the genus Cornu.
They are native go Europe, though have spread elsewhere.
It is very similar, but smaller than the Roman Snail (Helix pomantia).
Snails are both male and female.
They are able to reproduce by themselves, though normally reproduce sexually.
Umberto Borsò (3 April 1923 – 26 November 2018) was an Italian operatic tenor.
He was born in La Spezia, Italy.
In 1953 and 1954, he performed in the role of Aio in the premiere of Medea by Pietro Canonica conducted by Ottavio Ziino with Maria Pedrini at the Teatro dell'Opera in Rome.
He also replaced Mario Del Monaco in Andrea Chénier starring aloside with Renata Tebaldi in 1953.
Umberto Borsò at Virtual Museum
Patricia Quintana (1946 – 26 November 2018), was a Mexican Chef, writer, businesswoman and professor.
She was a known international cook and expert in Mexican gastronomy.
She studied and taught on ancestral Mexican cuisine mixed with the classical.
She was the owner City of Mexico of the restaurant Izote from 2001 to the 2013, but resigned to start a banquet catering company.
Edward Lopez Pastor (; June 28, 1943 – November 27, 2018) was an American politician.
He was born in Claypool, Arizona.
He was Arizona's first Hispanic congressman.
Pastor was a member of the United States House of Representatives from Arizona from 1991 to 2015.
He represented Arizona's 2nd congressional district from 1991 to 2003, and  Arizona's 7th congressional district from 2003 to 2015.
The latter district was numbered as the 4th district from 2003 to 2013.
Claypool is a census-designated place (CDP) in Gila County, Arizona, United States.
The population was 1,538 at the 2010 census.
Claypool is located in southern Gila County at  (33.408626, -110.847532), between Miami to the west and Globe, the county seat, to the east.
U.S. Route 60 runs along the northern edge of the community.
Miami is a town in Gila County, Arizona, United States.
Miami is a classic Western town.
Miami's old downtown has been partly renovated, and the Bullion Plaza Museum features the cultural, mining and ranching history of the Miami area.
According to the 2010 Census, the population of the town was 1,837.
It is near Globe, Arizona.
John Patrick Murtha Jr. (; June 17, 1932 – February 8, 2010) was an American politician.
He was born in New Martinsville, West Virginia.
Murtha, a Democrat, represented Pennsylvania's 12th congressional district in the United States House of Representatives from 1974 until his death in 2010.
New Martinsville is a city in Wetzel County, West Virginia, United States, along the Ohio River.
The population was 5,366 at the 2010 census.
James Albert Smith Leach (born October 15, 1942) is an American academic and politician.
He was the ninth Chair of the National Endowment for the Humanities from 2009 to 2013.
He was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Iowa from 1977 to 2007 as a Republican.
June 21, 2007 speech by Leach on US foreign policy to the Iowa City Foreign Relations Council, MP3
Salome Zourabichvili (; born 18 March 1952) is a French-born Georgian politician.
She is the 5th President of Georgia since 16 December 2018.
The President of Georgia (, sakartvelos prezidenti) is the head of state and supreme commander-in-chief.
His role is ceremonial as in many parliamentary democracies.
Prime Minister is the head of government.
The office was first introduced by the Supreme Council of the Republic of Georgia on 14 April 1991, five days after Georgia's declaration of independence from the Soviet Union.
The President serves a five-year term.
The incumbent is Giorgi Margvelashvili, who was sworn in on 17 November 2013.
Official Site of the President of Georgia
The Prime Minister of Georgia is the most senior minister within the Cabinet of Georgia.
He is appointed by the President of Georgia.
Georgia has had 40 Prime Ministers since 1918.
List of prime ministers (since 1995)
Georgia (1995–present)