the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
They surveyed the National Road that connected the Potomac and Ohio Rivers.
This was a main transport path to the West for thousands of settlers.
During the 1840s and 1850s, the Corps was very active.
John C. Frémont led several western explorations starting in 1841.
He led an exploration of the North Platte River.
He next explored west to what is now Pueblo, Colorado.
His next exploration was south going through Bent's Fort on the Arkansas River.
With Kit Carson as his guide, Fremont began a two year journey that greatly expanded the knowledge of what lay to the west.
It took him as far as the Sacramento Valley in early 1846.
They were also involved in surveying boundary lines, especially in Texas during the Mexican–American War.
Until they were merged with the Corps of Engineers in 1863, they surveyed and built roads bridges and forts for the Union Army during the Civil War.
Library of Congress, Maps, U.S. Army Corps of Topographical Engineers
1863 disestablishments
The Lluta is a river in the Atacama Desert.
It is the most northern of the great transversal Chilean rivers that start in the Andes and flow into the Pacific Ocean.
It flows through the Arica y Parinacota region.
The Lluta river starts on the Andean mountain slopes near the border with Peru and Bolivia, at an elevation of about , in the place called Humapalca, comuna of General Lagos, Parinacota province, Arica y Parinacota.
Caracarani.
It starts on the eastern side of the Tacora volcano.
It has a discharge of  with an average discharge of .
Azufre.
This river is formed by several streams that come from the southwestern side of the Tacora volcano.
It is around  and a discharge of about .
Along its first , the river flows southeast and then slowly begins to turn towards the west.
In its descent to the lower elevations of the valley, the river starts to run through a canyon formed by the same river; in some parts, the canyon could be  deep.
Near the village of Socoroma (in the comuna of Putre), the river turns directly west and, after getting out of the canyon, the river begins to widen.
Near the village of Chironta, about  from the sea, appear the first farms.
Wetland of the Lluta river
The mouth of the Lluta river in the Pacific Ocean covers more of .
The resulting coastal wetland is the most important of its kind in the region with extensive vegetation and many water birds, including migratory birds.
Cuenca del río Lluta
Henry Howard was born in Hunsdon, Hertfordshire in 1517, during the reign of Henry VIII.
His father was Thomas Howard.
His mother was Elizabeth Stafford.
He took the title of Earl of Surrey in 1524.
Today he is known chiefly under that name.
In 1532 he married Frances the Vere, who was fourteen years old at the time.
Then he became a soldier and fought in Scotland in 1542 and in France and Flanders from 1543 to 1545.
He was wounded in the siege of Montreuil.
After he came back to England he was accused of treason, as was his father.
Henry Howard was executed by beheading in the Tower of London at the age of thirty on 19 January 1547.
His father was sentenced to death, too.
He was however saved, as the king Henry VIII died.
He was kept in prison for some years.
He was set free by queen Mary.
Henry Howard is known mainly for two reasons.
First, he wrote sonnets.
He is often regarded as one of the fathers of English sonnet.
He introduced a new rhyme pattern for English sonnet that runs abab cdcd efef gg.
Today it is called Shakespearian sonnet, but Surrey was first to use it.
Second, he invented blank verse that is unrhymed iambic pentameter.
This metre was later used by Thomas Kyd in drama and by John Milton in epic poems.
Everyone knows blank verse from Shakespeare's works.
Henry Howard used blank verse in his translations from Virgil.
Harry Robinson Hamlin is an American actor.
He is well known for his breakout role as Perseus in the 1981 fantasy movie Clash of the Titans.
He also played Michael Kuzack in L.A. Law.
Cancioneiro Geral (that means "The General Book of Songs") is an anthology (collection) of Portuguese poetry organized by the poet Garcia de Resende (1470-1536).
The book was published in 1516.
It contains poems by Portuguese authors of the 15th and 16th centuries.
It was the largest collection of Portuguese poetry, written mostly in Portuguese but also in Castilian.
It contains about 1000 poems by 286 authors and covers a variety of subjects.
It is the main source for history of early modern Portuguese poetry, as it was the first collection of poetry printed in Portugal, and the main repository for poetry at the time.
The book was republished in 1846 Stuttgart, Germany.
It was edited by Eduard Heinrich von Kausler.
Francisco de Sá de Miranda's poems were included into Cancioneiro Geral.
Cancioneiro Geral can be compared to Carmina Burana or Tottel’s Miscellany.
The Songbook follows the models of Castilian poems compilations performed earlier, as the Songbook of Baena 1445 and the General Songbook of Hernando del Castillo, published in 1511. [
2 ] Garcia de Resende (c.1470-1536), who was a poet , chronicler and courtier in the court of D. Manuel I , gathered a set of almost a thousand poems of 286 authors, of which about 150 are written in Castilian and the rest in Portuguese. [
2 ] The production period of poems ranges from the mid-fifteenth century to the early sixteenth century. [
3 ]Unlike the Castilian songbook of 1511, the poems of the Portuguese work are not arranged by themes. [
4 ]
The work of Resende was published for the first time in 1516, in the workshop of Hermão de Campos , and is dedicated to Prince John, future John III of Portugal . [
3 ] The themes reveal a palatial character of poetry, on the day to day in court, and other religious themes, loving, elegiac , and some attempts to epic poetry . [
3 ]Unlike the time troubadour , when poetry was meant to be sung and bailada, the poems of Cancioneiro are autonomous, and the pace is achieved by the sound of words and the Organizationverses and stanzas . [
2 ]
Among the many authors include João Roiz de Castel-Branco , Sá de Miranda , Bernardim Ribeiro and Garcia de Resende himself. [
Research and development (R&D) refers to a wide range of activities by businesses, governments and academic institutions designed to gather knowledge and test new ideas.
This often leads to the development of new products or new ways of doing things.
R&D generally has three main activities.
These are: basic research, applied research and development.
Basic research is aimed at getting new knowledge with no immediate use or purpose in mind.
Applied research is just the opposite.
It is research for a definite purpose or product.
Development has more to do with adding features to a product.
Often, development is a process of eliminating all but the best idea to arrive at the best solution.
Basic and applied research costs are often written off as expenses while the costs of development are added to the cost of the product.
R&D often results in owning intellectual property such as patents.
In Europe, R&D is called research and technical/technological development (RTD).
Project Management for Research and Development; YouTube
Institut d'optique Graduate School (SupOptique) is a renowned graduate engineering school in France.
Ingénieur SupOptique (SupOptique Graduate engineer Masters level program)
Students from a dozen of nationalities participate to the different curricula at SupOptique.
Mary Sidney (1561-1621) was an English poet.
She was the sister of more famous poet Philip Sidney.
Mary Sidney was the daughter of Henry Sidney and Mary Dudley.
She was born on 27 October 1561 at Tickenhall near Bewdley in Worcestershire.
She was well educated, which was unusual for a girl at the time.
She knew French, Italian, Latin and Greek.
When she was fifteen, she married Henry Herbert, Earl of Pembroke.
Thus she became Countess of Pembroke.
She had four children, Katherine, Anne, William and Philip.
She died of smallpox in London on 25 September 1621.
She is buried in the cathedral in Salisbury.
Mary Sidney was a poet and translator.
She translated 107 Psalms, using 128 different verse forms.
She wrote also the poem for her brother, named To the Angel Spirit of the Most Excellent Sir Philip Sidney.
She is said to have been the most important woman poet in 16th century England save the queen.
Margaret P. Hannay, Mary Sidney Herbert, Countess of Pembroke (1561-1621).
Vladimír Holan (September 16, 1905 – March 31, 1980) was a Czech poet.
Vladimír Holan was born in 1905 in Prague.
He got his high-school certificate in 1926 and started to study law.
However, he was not much interested in it and left the university quickly.
He worked in an office and after some years abandoned it because of ill health.
In 1926 Holan published his first book of poetry named Blouznivý vějíř (A Thoughtful Fan).
The poet himself was not much pleased with the book.
In 1930 he published another book which was more successful, named Triumf smrti (The Triumph of Death).
Many other books followed that.
The most important work by Holan is Noc s Hamletem (A night with Hamlet).
Holan wrote poems till 1977 when his only daughter died.
After it he wrote nothing more.
Holan was awarded many times and nominated for Nobel prize.
The poet died in Prague in 1980.
He was buried at Olšany Cemetery in Prague.
Holan's poems are different and usually regarded as difficult.
The poems are full of symbols and images that can be understood in different ways.
He used classical verse forms and free verse as well.
He is also known to have employed alliteration and puns.
Holan was also a translator.
He translated European literature into Czech.
Úderem tepny.
Sborník ze semináře k interpretaci básnického díla Vladimíra Holana, Edited by Vladimír Justl, Viola, Praha 1986
James Partridge, The Narrative Poetry of Vladimír Holan, 1939-1955, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2007.
Józef Waczków, Vladimír Hola [in:] Literatury zachodniosłowiańskie czasu przełomów 1890-1990, Vol.
2, Katowice 1999 (in Polish).
Vladimír Holan's poems at Art of Europe.
Iambic pentameter is a kind of verse.
It is the most common kind of verse in English literature.
The two words seem difficult, because the words are Greek.
Pentameter means "consisting of five measures" and iambic "consisting of iambs".
The rhythm which words make in the line is measured in small groups of syllables called "feet".
The word "iambic" refers to the type of foot that is used, known as the iamb.
This is an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable.
The word "pentameter" indicates that a line has five of these "feet".
In theory every line is composed of ten syllables and have five stresses.
Stresses fall on the second, the fourth, the sixth, the eighth and the tenth syllable.
This is marked with two signs.
The sign "x" stands for a syllable with no stress, and the sign "/" stands for a syllable with stress.
So a line of iambic pentameter is:
x / x / x / x / x /
Use in poetry
In real poems lines have often an extra syllable at the end and sometimes lack the first unaccented syllable.
A line can be divided in five units that are called "feet".
The unit x / is called an "iamb" or "iambic foot".
Sometimes the pattern is changed.
First foot can be reversed: / x x / x / x / x /.
When iambic pentameter is unrhymed it is called blank verse.
Blank verse was introduced into English poetry by Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey.
Thomas Kyd used it in his The Spanish Tragedy.
When this eternal substance of my soul
Did live imprison'd in my wanton flesh,
Each in their function serving other's need,
I was a courtier in the Spanish court:
My name was Don Andrea; my descent,
Though not ignoble, yet inferior far
To gracious fortunes of my tender youth.
For there in prime and pride of all my years,
By duteous service and deserving love,
In secret I possess'd a worthy dame,
Which hight sweet Bellimperia by name.
William Shakespeare's dramas are written chiefly in blank verse.
The first line of the famous Hamlet's monologue is an example:
John Milton used blank verse in Paradise Lost.
Many other poets (for example Edwin Atherstone, John Fitchett, Alfred Tennyson, Robert Browning and Matthew Arnold employed it long poems.
John Fitchett's King Alfred is perhaps the longest epic poem written in blank verse.
It consists of more than 130 000 lines.
But Alexander Pope wrote iambic pentameter with rhymes.
One line rhymes with the next.
It is called heroic couplet.
Dramatic monologues are usually written in blank verse.
Good examples are Tennyson's St Simeon Stylites and Ulysses or Browning's The Ring and the Book.
Robert Frost wrote similar poems in the United States.
Lines of iambic pentameter can be set also into stanzas.
An example of a stanza is rhyme royal that consists of seven lines and rhymes ababbcc.
It was used by Emma Lazarus in the poem Sympathy from the sequence Epochs.
By welcome, dear communion with her kind….
The rhythm of iambic pentameter is close to the rhythm of everyday English speech.
Iambic pentameter is common in German literature, too.
This example is from The Flamingos by Rainer Maria Rilke:
In Spiegelbildern wie von Fragonard
ist doch von ihrem Weiß und ihrer Röte
nicht mehr gegeben, als dir einer böte,
wenn er von seiner Freundin sagt: sie war
Joseph Berg Esenwein, Mary Eleanor Roberts, The Art of Versification, The Home Correspondence School, Springfield, 1920.
Understanding Iambic Pentameter; YouTube
Introducing Iambic Pentameter; About.com
John Fitchett was born on 21 September 1776.
He became an orphan very early.
He studied law and became an attorney.
He lived in Warrington, England.
In 1796 he published his first work named Bewsey, a Poem.
John Fitchett never married.
He died on 20 October 1838.
King Alfred
John Fitchett is remembered as the author of an epic poem named King Alfred.
It was published in the years 1841-1842.
It took forty years to write it.
It tells about English King Alfred the Great, who lived during the 9th century and fought against the Vikings.
The poem is a literary curiosity.
It is probably the longest poem ever written in English.
John Fitchett left it unfinished, but his friend Robert Roscoe finished and published it.
King Alfred is over 131 000 lines long.
2585 more lines were added by Roscoe.
Currituck    County is the northeastern-most county in the U.S. state of North Carolina.
As of the 2010 census, the population was 23,547.
The county was formed in 1668 as a precinct of Albemarle County and later gained county status in 1739.
The name is "traditionally said to be an Native American word for wild geese; Coratank."
Currituck County is included in the Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC Metropolitan Area.
It is in the northeastern section of the state and is bounded by the Atlantic Ocean, Currituck Sound, Camden County, Dare County and the state of Virginia.
Currituck Court House, mentioned as early as 1755, was the name of the county seat.
Today the words "Court House" have been dropped and only Currituck is used as the town name.
Tyrrell County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina.
As of the 2010 census, the population was 4,407 making it the least populous county in the state.
The county was created in 1729 as Tyrrell Precinct and gained county status in 1739.
Gates County is a small, rural county located in the northeast portion of the U.S. state of North Carolina, on the border with Virginia.
As of the 2010 census, the population was 12,197.
Its county seat is Gatesville.
Gates County is included in the Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC Metropolitan Statistical Area.
It is part of the Albemarle Sound area of the Inner Banks.
The United States Revenue Cutter Service (USRCS) was set up in 1790 when President George Washington signed an act allowing the building of 10 boats.
They were designed to collect customs duties and taxes and to protect against smuggling.
In 1915, President Woodrow Wilson signed the "Act to Create the Coast Guard".
This designated the United States Coast Guard as a branch of the US military.
It was formed by merging the Revenue Cutter Service with the United States Life-Saving Service.
Alexander Hamilton, the first Secretary of the Treasury suggested the creation of the Revenue Cutter Service in a letter dated October 2, 1789.
After being approved by Congress, the service started with 10 boats called cutters.
At the time a cutter was a small fast sailing vessel described as "a small, decked ship with one mast and bowsprit, with a gaff mainsail on a boom, a square yard and topsail, and two jibs or a jib and a staysail."
Before the Revenue Cutter Service began, the Continental Navy had been disbanded.
Until the United States Navy was formed in 1794, the Revenue Cutter Service was the nation's only naval force.
After the American Revolutionary War, the United States was struggling financially.
The new country depended on the money it received from import tariffs.
Smuggling had been seen as a patriotic duty during the war, but was now a robbing the country of one of its major sources of revenue.
Hamilton realized that if something was not done quickly, the country would suffer financially.
He suggested that a fleet of 10 cutters could collect revenues and prevent smuggling.
The original specifications stated they were to be between  and  long.
Each would be manned by two officers, six marines and crews of about 10 men and boys.
First 10 cutters
Although it was not one of the first 10 cutters called for by Hamilton, the North Carolina was purchased in 1792 for use by the Revenue Marine Service.
Before the first 10 were approved a number of vessels were used as revenue boats, some as early as the confederation period (March 1, 1781, to March 4, 1789).
The first 10 cutters built were:
USRC Vigilant (1791) was launched in March 1791 in New York and was used to patrol New York waters.
Patrick Dennis was her first master.
In November of 1798, the first ship named Vigilant was sold.
USRC Active (1791) was built by the shipwright David Stodder in Baltimore, Maryland.
It was launched on April 9, 1791 and was based in Baltimore.
USRC Active was used to patrol the waters of the Chesapeake Bay.
Her first master was Simon Gross.
The first cutter named Active was sold in 1800.
USRC General Green (1791) was launched at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on 7 July 1791.
She was built by shipwright David Price and stationed in the Delaware Bay.
Her first master was James Montegomery.
The first General Green was sold in December, 1797.
USRC Massachusetts (1791) was built at Cohasset, Massachusetts by shipwright Adna Bates.
On July 15, 1791 it was launched.
Like several others, she was larger than the original specifications.
She was  long by  wide and had a draft of .
John Foster Williams was its first master.
Massachusetts was sold on October 9, 1792.
USRC Scammel (1791) was launched on August 24, 1791 at Portsmouth, New Hampshire.
Her first master was Hopley Yeaton and she was sold on August 16, 1798.
USRC Argus (1791) was built and launched in 1791 at New London, Connecticut where she remained stationed.
Jonathan Maltbie was her first master and the first Argus was sold in 1804.
Argus was  long by  wide and had a draft of .
USRC Virginia (1791) was built and launched in 1791 at Hampton, Virginia.
She was stationed at Norfolk, Virginia.
Richard Taylor was her first master and the first Virginia was sold in 1798.
At  with a draft of , Virginia was built to the original specifications.
USRC Diligence (1791) was built at Washington, North Carolina and launched there in either June or July of 1792.
William Cook was her first master; the first Diligence was sold in 1798.
USRC South Carolina (1791) was built at Charleston, South Carolina and launched in 1792.
She was stationed out of  Charleston and patrolled North Carolina waters.
Robert Cochrane was her first master.
On June 5, 1798, the first South Carolina was sold.
USRC Eagle was built and launched at Savannah, Georgia in 1793 and patrolled Georgia waters.
John Howell was the name of her first master.
The first Eagle was sold on September 14, 1799.
Quasi-War with France
Disagreements over treaties and America's status of neutrality during the French Revolution led to an undeclared war between France and the United States.
The conflict was fought at sea from July 7, 1798, until the Treaty of Mortefontaine was signed on September 30, 1800.
However, French privateers had been robbing American ships for several years before the Quasi-War began.
American merchant ships were also being attacked by barbary pirates.
USRC cutters were sent to deal with the pirates but soon the combination of French privateers and pirates were more than the service could handle alone.
Congress passed the Naval Act of 1794 which established a permanent standing navy.
The Naval Act ordered the construction and manning of six frigates.
Three years later the first three ships were welcomed into the U.S. Navy.
As the Quasi-War heated up, both the Navy and Revenue Cutter Service worked together to protect American ships.
Revenue Cutters were first sent to the Caribbean Sea to protect American shipping from French warships in the spring of 1799.
About 12 French warships were captured by Revenue cutters in 1799 in the Caribbean.
Of these, the 6-gun Bon Perre, captured by the USRC Eagle, was put into service as a Revenue cutter and served until 1801.
In 1800, the brigantine Pickering and the frigate Insurgente both departed the East Coast to join the fleet in the Caribbean.
Both were lost at sea.
There were no survivors to explain what happened to the two cutters.
On February 3, 1801 the treaty with France was ratified.
At this time many in Washington, D.C. thought that the Revenue Cutter Service should be reduced in size.
Many of its larger cutters were too big and too expensive to maintain.
Many of the larger and older cutters were sold and many junior officers were let go.
When the war started, the Navy only had six vessels smaller than a frigate.
None of these were the "small fast sailing ships" the cutters were.
The shallow-draft cutters suffered significant losses but managed to distinguish themselves as a fighting force.
The cutter Jefferson captured the first British merchant ship, the Patriot, in June 1812.
In July the cutter James Madison captured the British ship Shamrock.
In one battle, the cutter Surveyor put up such a fight against the larger British frigate HMS Narcissus, that when the Surveyor finally surrendered, The British Captain returned the sword of the American captain in recognition of his bravery.
The cutter Commodore Barry was captured by British forces after putting up a strong defense.
In one incident, the cutter Eagle was run aground during a battle with a British brig, the HMS Dispatch and a British sloop that was with her.
The cutter's crew dragged the cutter's guns onto a bluff and kept fighting until late in the day.
When they ran out of shot, they began firing back the spent British cannonballs (according to the legend).
The War of 1812 saw the only USRCS prisoners of war taken by an enemy until World War II.
The War proved the USRCS could hold their own against even the greatest naval force of the time.
During the Mexican–American War, President James K. Polk ordered the Secretary of the Treasury to have cutters in the Gulf of Mexico report to the United States Army (instead of the Navy).
By the end of the war, eight cutters had served with the Army.
This was out of a total fleet of only 14 cutters.
They had capabilities the Navy (or Army) did not have.
This was boats that could operate in shallow water and be used for amphibious landings.
The Revenue cutters served on blockade duty, ferried men and supplies and supported Army and Navy operations.
On October 8, 1847, the Assistant Secretary of the Treasury informed his commanders that the service was low on funds.
The expenses of operating in Mexico had reduced funds to a new low.
The service needed to cut back on new ships and retire those too expensive to keep running.
The USRCS was reduced to eight cutters.
By 1849, six new cutters had been ordered but between the Chesapeake Bay and the Gulf of Florida, there were only two cutters.
One more served in the Gulf of Mexico.
Two of the new cutters, when they became available, would serve in the Atlantic while four would serve on the West Coast.
Just before the start of the American Civil War the Revenue Cutter Service had just 24 cutters to guard both coasts of the United States.
Of these, 23 were wooden sailing ships ranging in length of from  to .
All but one were either fore-and-aft rigged sloops or topsail schooners.
The remaining cutter was a brig.
The service also owned one modern (for that time) wooden paddle steamer measuring  in length, the USRC Harriet Lane built in 1857-1858.
The Harriet Lane was the pride of the Revenue Cutter Service.
It was also the only cutter that had a full crew.
The rest of the fleet barely had enough officers and men to operate the ships.
Cutbacks in funding during the 1840s and 1850s and no pay raises left the service short of men.
During this same period, the service began winter patrols in the North Atlantic Ocean to protect sailors.
They also took on the task of enforcing immigration laws, especially on the West Coast where large numbers of Chinese coolies were being brought in on overcrowded ships.
At the start of the war a small number of officers and men left the service to join the Confederacy and formed the core of the Confederate Revenue Marine.
Six cutters had been seized by Confederate forces while in Southern ports.
The Harriet Lane was temporarily transferred to the Union Navy.
President Abraham Lincoln requested the Navy to transfer a number of ships to the Revenue Cutter Service, however no records show if any were actually transferred.
During the remainder of the war, Revenue cutters protected Northern shipping and assisted the Navy in blockading Southern ports.
The cutter Harriet Lane fired the first shots of the Civil War from a ship.
But in 1863, in a battle with the Confederate Army and Navy, the Harriet Lane was captured and nearly all the crew members were killed.
On April 21, 1898, the United States declared war against Spain.
President William McKinley temporarily transferred the ships of the Revenue Cutter Service to operate under the direction of the Secretary of the Navy.
They were ordered to cooperate with the Navy and became part of their auxiliary forces.
The Revenue Cutter Service provided 13 cutters to assist the Navy.
Eight served in the North Atlantic Squadron, four patrolled the West Coast and one served with Admiral George Dewey's Asiatic Squadron.
Together, the Revenue Cutter Service and the U.S. Life-Saving Service formed the United States Coast Guard on 28 January 1915.
The law made the Coast Guard a permanent member of the United States military and allowed it to be transferred to the U.S. Navy whenever necessary.
The practice of placing the Revenue Cutter Service under control of the Navy in times of crisis had been the custom in the past.
But now it was made official by the new law which also changed its name.
Alexander Hamilton Letter to the Revenue Cutter Service; YouTube
U.S. Revenue Marine and the War of 1812; YouTube
Vittoria Colonna was born at Marino, Lazio, Italy in 1490.
She was a daughter of Fabrizio Colonna and Agnese di Montefeltro.
In 1509 she married Francesco Ferrante D'Avalos, who was the Marquis of Pescara.
He was a knight and was often absent from home.
He took part in many battles and wars.
He was taken prisoner by the French in 1512.
In 1525 he died from wounds after the battle of Pavia.
From that time Colonna, a childless widow, lived in a nunnery although she did not become a nun.
She was the most admired woman poet in Italy during the Renaissance.
Vittoria Colonna died in Rome in 1547.
The first edition of Colonna's book of poems, named Rime (Rhymes) was published in 1538.
They turned out to be very popular.
There were twelve editions of the book published before she died.
Vittoria Colonna was admired for her poetry by Ludovico Ariosto.
She was a friend of many other poets and artists, Jacopo Sannazzaro, Pietro Bembo, Baldassare Castiglione and especially Michelangelo.
Colonna wrote sonnets, canzone (songs) and short poems in ottava rima.
She wrote also a longer poem named Capitolo del trionfo di Cristo (The chapter about the Triumph of Christ).
Poems by Vittoria Colonna (In Italian).
The Kurdshuli are a nomadic and pastoral tribe of the Fars Province in Iran.
They speak Luri language.
Anil Kumble (full name:Anil Radhakrishna Kumble)is a retired Indian cricketer who captained Indian national cricket team for a few matches.
Anil Kumble is a right arm leg spin bowler.
One of the best bowler in world cricket.
Anil Kumble was born in Bangalore,Karnataka to Krishnaswamy and Saroja.
Anil Kumble has a brother named Dinesh Kumble.
Kumble studied his studies in Holy Saint English School.
He started playing cricket in streets in Bangalore.
Kumble completed B.E in Rashtriya Vidhyalaya College of Engineering in 1991-92.
Anil Kumble made his first-class debut against Hyderabad on 30 November 1989 playing for Karnataka.
He took 4 wickets in the match.
Anil played his debut Test match against England national cricket team.
He picked 3 wickets in the second match of the series.
Anil picked 18 wickets with the average of 25.94 at the economy rate of 1.84 in the four match series against South Africa in 1992.He picked 21 wickets against the series with England in the same year.
In the third match of the series he picked 7 wickets for 165 runs and was awarded the Man of the Match award.
On November 27 1993, Kumble picked 6wickets/12 runs against West Indies in the final match of Hero Cup.
This record was broke by Stuart Binny against Bangladesh.
Kumble picked 15 wickets in 1996 World Cup and became the leading wicket taker in the tournament.
He picked 61 wickets in that single year.
Anil along with Jim Laker are the persons who picked all the ten wickets in a single Test inning.
He achieved this against Pakistan in the year 1999.Kumble had bowled over 40850 balls totally in his international cricket career, stands after Muttiah Muralidharan.
Arjuna award, a sports award from the Government of India, in 1995
One of the Wisden Cricketers of the Year, in 1996.
Among the 16 cricketers shortlisted for the Wisden Indian Cricketer of the 20th Century, in 2002  (Kapil Dev won)
Padma Shri, a civilian award from the Government of India, in 2005.
A prominent intersection in M. G. Road, Bengaluru has been named after Anil Kumble.
‘Best breakthrough performance IPL 2009’ for his five-for-five against Rajasthan Royals in IPL 2009.
ICC Cricket Hall of Fame, a sports award from the ICC, in 2015.
The Canindeyú department () is a department of Paraguay.
The capital is the city of Salto del Guairá.
Its ISO 3166-2 code  is PY-14.
Its name comes from Tupi Kaninde - macaw; ju - yellow, blue-and-yellow macaw (Ara ararauna).
The Canindeyú department is in the northeast of the Oriental region.
the department has a population of 191,447 ( of the population of the country) for a population density of .
To the north: Amambay department.
To the east: Brazil.
To the south: Caaguazú and Alto Paraná departments.
To the west: San Pedro department.
, the total amount of precipitation in the city of Salto del Guairá was .
The average temperature for the year 2012 in Salto del Guairá was .
The main crops are soybean, tobacco and maize.
Cattle raising is also an important activity.
Atlas Censal del Paraguay - Canindeyú
Guido Guinizelli (c. 1230–1276) was an Italian poet.
He is best remembered as the founder of Dolce Stil Novo.
Guido Guinizelli (or Guinizzelli) was born around 1230 in Bologna.
He was a son of Guinizzello da Magnano, a famous judge.
He studied law and became a lecturer at the university of Bologna.
He died in Monselice in 1276.
Guido Guinizelli wrote canzone and sonnets.
He introduced into Italian poetry a new style which was named Dolce Stil Novo that is The Sweet New Style.
Dante Alighieri called him "padre mio" ("my father"), regarding him as his teacher of poetry.
A. Bongioanni, Guido Guinizelli e la sua riforma poetica, Leo S. Olshki, Venezia 1896.
Guido Guinizelli's poems at Italian Wikisource.
1230s births
The Church of St. Anthony located in Jerzmanice-Zdrój, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland is a Roman Catholic church.
The date of build is assessed on the 14th century.
The scheme of the church is very untypical as a Lower Silesian customs building.
Since 1527 until 1945 the church was used by Protestants.
In 1945, after the World War II, the church was taken by the Roman Catholic Church.
The Eurovision Song Contest 2017 (shortly ESC) was the 62nd edition of the Eurovision Song Contest.
It took place in the International Exhibition Centre in Kiev, Ukraine, after Jamala won for Ukraine in 2016 in Stockholm, Sweden with her song "1944".
Ukraine hosted the contest for the second time after 2005.
The competition was held from 9th to the 13th; the first semifinal was on Tuesday, May 9, the second semifinal on Thursday, May 11 and the grand final was on Saturday, May 13.
The contest happened in the International Exhibition Centre in Kiev.
The venue holds 13,000 people and the venue will be rebuilt for the contest.
The ESC 2005, which was also held in Kiev, took place in the Palace Of Sports.
This was also a possible venue for 2017, but might not fulfill today's demands.
However, the venue must have a maximum capacity of 10,000.
The venue also has to be covered and an international press centre has to be in reach.
Also it must have a capacity for 1,550 journalists.
Kiev (capital city)
Countries that will not participate/return/debut in 2017
: The Bosnian television agency BHRT announced that they are in current financial difficulties, so financing for the ESC is not possible.
Bosnia returned in 2016 by getting the money of sponsors.
: The country of Kazakhstan became an associate-member of the EBU in the beginning of 2016.
Later on they said that it could be possible that Kazakhstan would participate for the first time.
On the 31th of October, the date on which the list of countries taking part in 2017 was published by the EBU, Kazakhstan wasn´t named as a participating country.
A reason why they did not debut was not announced.
: The country of Luxembourg announced that they would not return to the contest.
Luxembourg last participated in 1993.
Of all the countries which have taken part in the competition, Luxembourg have not participated for the longest time.
: The Turkish television TRT said that they will not be participating in 2017.
They said that there are not satisfied about the voting system and the rules with the "Big-5".
Turkey have not participated in the competition since 2013.
: The Slovakian television RTVS also said that they will not return in 2017.
A real reason wasn´t mentioned.
Slovakia last participated in 2012.
Portugal and Romania will return; both quit last year's contest.
Bosnia and Herzegovina, who returned in last year's contest, have quit this year because of financial difficulties.
The first semi final will take place on Tuesday, the 9th of May 2017.
18 countries will compete, the 10 countries with the most votes of them will qualify for the final.
The second semi-final will take place on Thursday, the 11th of May 2017.
19 countries will compete, the 10 countries with the most votes of them will qualify for the final.
After a request of the Swiss TV-broadcaster SRF, Switzerland was directly determined to participate and vote in Semi-Final 2.
Big-Five (including host country Ukraine)
Ukraine, as the host country, will also be performing directly in the Grand Final.
Detailed list of participating countries
An internal selection of the national TV-station is a secret selection without a national final, where the pupilarity is able to vote.
The Head of the Ukrainian national broadcaster NTU, Zurab Alasania, has withdrawn in protest to the Government’s budget for the broadcaster in 2017.
For 2017, the Ukrainian Government has provided €42.8 million, of which more than €16 million will be spent on Eurovision.
That leaves the broadcaster with just €7 million Euros, which is clearly too low money for other projects in the future, according to Zurab.
For the first time ever, Russia got drawn in the second semi-final.
Russia always participated in the first semi-final since the introduction of semi-finals.
Belarus will be represented by a song in Belarussian language for the first time.
Christer Björkmann, a Swedish TV-producer for the national final Melodifestivalen and show producer of the Eurovision Song Contest 2013 and 2016, will join the Ukrainian producing team.
For the first time ever, there will be only men who will host the contest.
2017 in Europe
Philip Sidney was born on 30 November 1554.
He was the son of Henry Sidney and his wife, Mary, née Dudley.
On 17 October 1564 he was enrolled in Shrewsbury School.
One of the boys that began their learning on that day was Fulke Greville, First Lord Brooke, who became Philip Sidney's friend.
Much later he became his biographer, too.
After he finished school, at the age of 13, Philip Sidney went to Oxford to study at Christ College.
He did not however get any scholarly degree.
He went to France when he witnessed the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre.
He also travelled to Germany, Austria and Hungary.
He was in Italy, too.
He went as a messenger from Queen Elizabeth to Prague, where the emperor Maximilian II ruled.
Then he went to a war in Netherlands.
There he was wounded in the thigh 23 September 1586 at Zuphen.
Because of that he got an infection and died at 17 October 1586 at Arnhem.
He was buried on February 16, 1587 at St. Paul’s Cathedral in London.
Philip Sidney is generally regarded as best English lyrical poet of the Renaissance.
He was also considered a hero after his death Phillip Sidney wrote both poetry and prose.
He is famous for his sonnets.
They were edited in the sequence named Astophil and Stella.
He also wrote Arcadia and The Defence of Poesy.
Philip Sidney's poems were translated into many languages, among others into Czech.
Philip Sidney, Astrophil and Stella.
The text of each poem with a line by line paraphrase, and occasional explanatory notes by A. S. Kline.
1554 births
A technologist/technician is a person who specializes in using technology.
A technologist/technician is someone who completely understands the technology and other technologies that can be applied.
In the field of health care, for example,  may be called a "lab tech".
The lab technologist is the project manager who supervises the lab.
Role of a technologist
A technologist may be known by different job titles in various organizations.
For example, a Director of Information Technology is often a technologist.
The same is true for a Technology Project Manager.
Smaller organizations may use a technologist to perform many functions.
In some cases, a project may be started using a staff member or technician, then handed off to a technologist as the project progresses.
The technologist is a specialist in how technologies can be used to meet the goals of the project owner.
In Canada, engineers with training from other countries may find themselves working as an engineering technologist.
Applied Science Technologist, a Canadian professional title in engineering and applied science technology
Architectural technologist, a specialist in the technology of building design and construction
Cardiovascular technologist, a health specialist who uses imaging technology to help diagnose cardiac and vascular ailments
Chemical technologist, a worker who provides technical support or services in chemical-related fields
Civic technologist, a specialist capable of satisfying societal needs by exploiting technologies
Educational technologist, a specialist in tools to enhance learning
Electrical technologist, a person whose knowledge lies between that of an electrical engineer and an electrical tradesperson
Engineering technologist, a specialist who implements technology within a field of engineering
Industrial technologist, a specialist in the management, operation, and maintenance of complex operation systems
Information technologist, a specialist who works on computers for a variety of companies
Medical technologist, a healthcare professional who performs diagnostic analysis on a variety of body fluids
Polysomnographic technologist, a health specialist who administers overnight polysomnograms
Professional technologist, a Canadian professional title in engineering and technology related fields
Radiologic technologist, a medical professional who applies doses of radiation for imaging and treatment
Surgical technologist, a health specialist who facilitates the conduct of invasive surgical procedures
Technologist, a European science magazine
Medical Technologist Interview; YouTube
Starting as a Technologist (engineering): YouTube
South Jamaica is a neighborhood in the New York City borough of Queens.
It is located south of Jamaica Avenue in Jamaica, Queens, New York.
Its border to the west is the Van Wyck Expressway.
Its border to the east is Guy R. Brewer Boulevard.
Its border to the south is the North Conduit Expressway.
Egolzwil is a municipality of the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.
Fischbach is a municipality of the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.
Viganello is a quarter of the city of Lugano, Switzerland.
Until 2004, it was a municipality on its own.
Then it was created to Lugano.
Linares () is one of four provinces of the central Chilean region of Maule (VII).
The provincial capital and largest city is Linares.
In 1927, Linares is eliminated as a province and became part of the new province of Maule but, in 1936, Linares was made again a province.
When the regions were created in 1975, the Maule region was formed with the Curicó, Linares, Maule and Talca; later, the province of Cauquenes was added.
The province is at the very center of mainland Chile, and its capital is at  south of Santiago and  south of Talca, the regional capital, in the middle of a rich agricultural area and with many vineyards.
(last national census), there were 253,990 people living in the province, giving it a population density of  inhabitants/km².
The urban population was 139,742 persons ( of the total).
As a province, Linares is a second-level administrative division, consisting of 8 communes (comunas).
The city of Linares serves as the provincial capital.
Province of Linares website
Here are some words for small ordinal numbers.
When writing other numbers between 21 and 99, only use the cardinal form of the last number.
Also, you must use a hyphen (-).
21: twenty-first
64: sixty-fourth
99: ninety-ninth
If nothing is left over, write the word "hundredth".
If anything is left over, write the word "hundred", then write whatever is left over.
Some times people use "and" to show the left overs.
101: one hundred first
102: one hundred second (or one hundred and second)
175: one hundred seventy-fifth
200: two hundredth
300: three hundredth
512: five hundred twelfth
987: nine hundred eighty-seventh
2001st
American Airlines (Flies JFK-EZE and MIA-EZE-MVD)
United Airlines (Flies ORD-MIA-EZE-MVD)
Airports in Argentina
Part of a bell
Clapper (musical instrument), made of two pieces of wood struck together
James R. Clapper, Director of National Intelligence of the United States
Clappers, Scotland, a small village in Scottish Borders, Scotland
Airlines which serve Comodoro Arturo Merino Benitez International Airport include:
Aerolineas Argentinas
Aeromexico
Cubana De Aviacion
Lan Chile
Ladeco
Pluna
São Paulo–Guarulhos International Airport is an airport that serves São Paulo, Brazil, located 25 km north of the city centre.
It is sometimes called Cumbica Airport, after the suburb in which it is located.
JAL Japan Airlines
KLM Royal Dutch
Lloyd Aero Boliviano
Nacional Transporte Aéreo
Ocean Air
Rio Sul
Swiss Air
LATAM Cargo Brasil
Via Brasil
Linares is a Chilean city and commune in the Maule Region, in the Chilean Central Valley.
Linares was founded on 23 May 23 1794, as the "Villa de San Ambrosio de Linares" by Ambrosio O'Higgins, father of Bernardo O'Higgins.
O'Higgins was then "Captain General" (a military governor) of Chile and Francisco de la Mata Linares was the Governor of Concepción.
In 1927, Linares was eliminated as a province and became part of the new province of Maule but, in 1936, Linares was made again a province with the same departments.
When the regions were created in 1975, the Maule region was formed with the Curicó, Linares, Maule and Talca provinces.
(last national census), there were 83,249 people (40,518 men and 42,731 women) living in the commune, giving it a population density of  inhabitants/km².
The urban population was 68,224 persons ( of the total).
The people from Linares are called Linarenses, both men and women.
The commune has an area of  and the city proper, .
The city of Linares is at  south of Santiago and  south of Talca, the regional capital.
Most of the territory of the commune is within the central plain (Valle Central de Chile).
Some low hills are in the most western part of the commune, while its most eastern part is marked by the presence of the foothills of the Andes mountains.
The average amount of precipitation for the year in Linares is .
The average temperature for the year in Linares is .
The Cathedral Church of San Ambrosio de Linares.
The Cathedral of Linares]was built after the old cathedral had been destroyed by an earthquake..
The Corazón de María ("Heart of Mary") church — a church declared a National Monument for its Gothic style and beauty
The Museo de Arte y Artesanía (Museum of Arts and Crafts)
Municipality of Linares
Camilo Pessanha (1867-1926) was a Portuguese poet.
He is regarded as the most important representative of symbolism in Portuguese literature.
Camilo de Almeida Pessanha was born in Coimbra on 7 September 1867.
His parents were Francisco António de Almeida Pessanha and Maria do Espírito Santo Duarte Nunes Pereira.
He studied law at the university of Coimbra.
After finishing his studies he went to Macao, a Portuguese town in China.
He worked as a teacher there.
Pessanha became interested in Chinese culture.
He learned Chinese.
He died in Macao on 1 March 1926.
His death may have been caused by the poet's opium habit.
Camilo Pessanha is the author of only one poetic book.
It is named Clépsidra and was published in 1922.
He also wrote some books about Chinese culture.
He collected some works of art in China.
He translated some classic Chinese poems, too.
Pessanha's works influenced Fernando Pessoa's poetry.
He wrote chiefly sonnets.
Ricardo Germano, Ronaldo Souza, O Simbolismo em Portugal: uma leitura de Camilo Pessanha.
Camilo Pessanha's poems
Camilo Pessanha's Clepsidra at Gutenberg Project.
Dame Enid Muriel Lyons AD, GBE (née Burnell; 9 July 1897 – 2 September 1981) was an Australian politician.
She was the first woman to be elected to the Australian House of Representatives and the first woman in the federal Cabinet.
She was the wife of the Premier of Tasmania and later Prime Minister of Australia, Joseph Lyons.
Lyons was born Enid Muriel Burnell in Smithton, Tasmania, one of three daughters of William and Eliza (née Taggett) Burnell.
She trained to be a teacher in Hobart.
Her mother was active in the Labor party and community groups in Tasmania.
She was one of the first women appointed as a Justice of the Peace in Tasmania.
Lyons was made a Dame Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire (GBE) in the Coronation Honours of 1937.[4][5] Joseph Lyons died in 1939, aged 59, the first Australian Prime Minister to die in office, and Dame Enid returned to Tasmania.
She bitterly resented Joseph Lyons's successor as leader of the UAP, Robert Menzies, who had, she believed, betrayed her husband by resigning from the Cabinet, shortly before Joseph's death.[1]
At the 1943 election Dame Enid Lyons narrowly won the Division of Darwin in north-western Tasmania for the UAP, becoming the first woman in the House of Representatives.
Her Labor opponent, who received more primary votes than she did, was the future Tasmanian Premier Eric Reece.
At the same election, Dorothy Tangney was elected as a Labor Senator for Western Australia, the nation's first woman Senator.
In retirement, Dame Enid's health recovered.
She was a newspaper columnist (1951–54), a commissioner of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1951–62), and remained active in public life promoting family and women's issues.
She published three volumes of memoirs, which embarrassed the Liberal Party by reviving her complaints about Menzies' 1939 behaviour towards her husband.[1]