the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
He was best known for winning the Hennessy Gold Cup (2014), the Grand National (2015) and the Cotswold Chase (2015, 2017).
Many Clouds died on 28 January 2017 in Cheltenham, Gloucestershire.
He collapsed after winning his second Cotswold Chase and died from a pulmonary haemorrhage.
He was nine.
Gerardus Willem "Wim" Anderiesen Jr. (2 September 1931 – 27 January 2017) was a Dutch footballer.
He played as a defender at club level from the early-1950s to the mid-1960s.
He played for Ajax from 1951 to 1961.
He later played for Holland Sport.
Anderiesen was born in Amsterdam, North Holland.
He was the son of and named after Wim Anderiesen (1903–1944).
He died on 27 January 2017 in Heerhugowaard at the age of 85.
Smith & Wesson (S&W) is an American firearms manufacturing company.
Their headquarters are in Springfield, Massachusetts.
The company was founded in 1852.
Smith & Wesson's pistols and revolvers have become standard issue to police and military forces.
Smith & Wesson firearms are very popular among sport shooters.
Smith & Wesson is also known for the many types of ammunition it has introduced over the years.
Many cartridge calibers bear the S&W name.
For example, the .500 S&W Magnum.
Horace Smith and Daniel B. Wesson founded the Smith & Wesson Company in 1852.
The purpose was to develop a lever action pistol.
But by 1854 the company was failing.
They sold the company to a shirt manufacturer named Oliver Winchester.
That same year Smith and Wesson formed the second company called Smith & Wesson.
Their timing was right.
Not long after they built their new factory in Springfield, the American Civil War started.
One of the most popular pistols during the war was the Smith & Wesson Model 2.
Many Civil War soldiers purchased the No 2 revolver privately.
Between 1861 and 1874, over 77,000 were produced.
Smith & Wesson became so profitable that the two partners were the wealthiest men in Springfield by 1865.
Late 1800s
One of the most popular calibers during the Civil War was the .44 caliber.
The partners realized they needed to produce a pistol in this caliber.
By 1870 S&W introduced the .44 metallic cartridge which was a major improvement over the .44 percussion cap models used in the war.
To use this new cartridge, the company introduced a larger pistol known as the Smith & Wesson Model 3.
It featured rapid loading and reloading.
The gun was a personal favorite of Wyatt Earp.
In 1875, at age 65, Smith sold his share of the company to Wesson.
He still advised his former partner in business matters.
In 1880 S&W introduced the first double-action revolver.
It was designed to use the .32 S&W caliber cartridge.
By this time Wesson's three sons, Walter H., Frank L., and Joseph H., were active in the company.
In 1887, Frank L. Wesson died but his brothers continued as partners in the company.
In 1887 a new concealed hammer design for police was made.
Variations of this design are still being made.
In 1899, S&W brought out its most famous design, the Military & Police pistol.
It is still one of the most popular revolver cartridges ever produced.
Large numbers of S&W .38 special handguns were sold to police and military worldwide.
They were used in both World War I and World War II.
They remained popular until they were finally replaced by many police and military organizations by Semi-automatic pistols.
In 1904, Daniel B. Wesson died.
But without his guidance the two sons could not agree on the future direction of the company.
This period of weak leadership continued for some time.
In 1908 the company introduced a new line of .44 caliber pistols called the .44 New Century, but was soon renamed the Smith & Wesson Triple Lock.
It used a new cartridge developed by S&W, the .44 Special.
World wars
Smith & Wesson received large government contracts for military revolvers from the American government.
The company expanded to produce the firearms.
But management problems, labor disputes and a new workforce all caused problems for production.
As a result, the US government stepped in to manage S&W until the end of the war.
After the war a surplus of military arms and imports of low cost guns caused sales to drop.
Under Harold Wesson, the company manufactured other items to try to keep up profits.
They made sewing machines, handcuffs, washing machines and toilet parts.
But none of these items made the company profitable.
About this time, bullet-proof vests came into use.
Gangsters quickly adopted them so that bullets traveling at under 1,000 fps would not penetrate them.
S&W immediately began experimenting with improved bullets.
They also used the famous firearms expert Bill Jordan as a consultant to help develop a new much more powerful handgun.
What resulted was the first magnum cartridge, the S&W .357 Magnum.
In 1935 they released the Smith & Wesson Model 19.
Using a 125 grain bullet traveling at 1600 fps, it could easily defeat the body armor of the time.
By the start of the war S&W was nearly bankrupt.
The company was now run by Carl R. Hellstrom.
Under his management the company concentrated its efforts on handguns and the company began to expand.
In 1965 the Wesson family sold the company to the Bangor Punta corporation.
The company began producing firearms accessories as well as firearms.
In 1884, S&W was sold to Lear Siegler who, in 1986, was acquired by Forstmann Little & Company.
Forstmann & Little was mainly interested in Siegler's aerospace and automotive lines.
So they sold Smith & Wesson to Tomkins plc, a British holding company.
Under Tomkins, S&W developed a number of semiautomatic pistols.
This included several using the new .40 S&W cartridge.
During this time handgun sales declined.
Because of anti-gun lawsuits, operating costs began to rise.
Clinton agreement
On March 17, 2000, Smith & Wesson made an agreement with US President Bill Clinton.
It agreed to make changes in the design and distribution of its firearms.
This was in return for "preferred buying program" to offset the loss of revenue as a result of anticipated boycott.
All authorized S&W dealers and distributors had to follow a “code of conduct” to eliminate the sale of firearms to prohibited persons.
Dealers had to agree to not allow children under 18 access to gun shops or sections of stores that contained firearms.
Acquisition by Saf-T-Hammer
On 11 May 2001, Saf-T-Hammer Corporation acquired Smith & Wesson  from Tomkins plc for $15 million USD.
This was a fraction of the $112 million originally paid by Tomkins.
The Smith & Wesson purchase was chiefly brokered by Saf-T-Hammer President Bob Scott.
He had left Smith & Wesson in 1999 because of a disagreement with Tomkins’ policies.
After the purchase, Scott became the president of Smith & Wesson.
He guided the 157-year-old company back to its former standing in the market.
In December 2014, Smith & Wesson Holding announced it was paying $130.5 million for Battenfeld Technologies.
This is a Columbia, Missouri-based designer and distributor of hunting and shooting accessories.
This was part of a plan to merge all its existing Smith & Wesson, M&P and Thompson Center Arms accessories into a single division.
In August 2016 the company bought Crimson Trace, a laser-sight manufacturer, for $95 million.
They bought Taylor Brands, a tool and knife maker, for $85 million.
In November 2016 the company bought UST Brands, a survival equipment maker, for $32.3 million.
On November 7, 2016, Smith & Wesson announced that it would be changing the name of its holding company to American Outdoor Brands Corporation.
Ni Yulan is a Chinese business lawyer.
Ni fought for property rights for people who lost their homes because of building for the 2008 Beijing Olympics.
She went to prison many times.
In prison she was beaten and lost the use of her legs.
She applied for a passport to travel to the U.S. to receive the award, but the Chinese government refused.
The Tirso () is the most important river of Sardinia for its length ad the size of its drainage basin.
It starts on the mountains of the centre of the island and ends in the Mediterranean Sea.
The river was known in Sardinia as riu de Aristanis ("river of Oristano") or, simply, riu Mannu (the "big river").
The name Tirso began to be used in modern times following Ptolemy that named it in ancient times as "Thyrsos" (, "mouth of the Tirso river").
Its discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) depends of the season; its average discharge is  but is very low during summer.
The Tirso river starts in the Buddusò plateau, on the slopes of Punta Pianedda, at an elevation of about , to the north of the comune of Bitti.
From here, the river flows to the southwest.
Finally, after , it flows into the Gulf of Oristano in the Sea of Sardinia (Mediterranean Sea).
The river enters the sea at about  to the north of the city of Oristano.
The river forms the "Omodeo lake", an artificial lake that is  long and  wide; it is one of largest artificial lake in Italy.
Taloro, the main tributary,  long and a drainage basin of ; and
Massari, the second largest tributary,  long and a drainage basin of .
Zerphaliu: Il fiume Tirso
Theodorus Johannes Franciscus "Theo" Brokmann Jr. (born 3 July 1922) is a Dutch former footballer.
He played for Ajax from 1939 to 1951.
Brokmann was born in Amsterdam, North Holland.
He was the son of and named after Theo Brokmann (1893–1956).
Michael Tönnies (19 December 1959 – 26 January 2017) was a German footballer.
He played from 1978 to 1994.
Tönnies was best known for playing for MSV Duisburg, playing in 179 league games and scoring over a hundred goals.
He also played for Schalke 04, SpVgg Bayreuth, 1.
FC Bocholt, Rot-Weiss Essen and Wuppertaler SV.
He held a Bundesliga record, scoring the fastest hat-trick (three goals).
He held the record from 1991 until 2015, when Robert Lewandowski beat the record.
Piet Ouderland (17 March 1933 – 3 September 2017) was a Dutch footballer and basketball player.
As a footballer, Ouderland played as a striker.
He played Ajax, AZ Alkmaar and the Netherlands national team.
For Ajax, he made 261 total appearances with the club between 1955 and 1964.
This made him a member of Club van 100.
He also made seven appearances with the national team in 1962 and 1963.
As a basketball player, he also played for the national team.
He was the first Dutchman to play for the national sides of football and basketball.
Dutch basketball players
Henry-Louis de La Grange (26 May 1924 – 27 January 2017) was a French musicologist.
He was known for being known as a biographer of Gustav Mahler.
La Grange began working as a music critic in 1952, writing articles for the New York Herald Tribune and The New York Times, and the magazines Opera News, Saturday Review, Musical America, and Opus.
Mediathèque Musicale Mahler website
"Downloadable Interview with Henry-Luis de La Grange – Mahler Revealed" (8 May 2008)  at ClassicalSource.com.
Introduction to Mahler Symphonies Notes (Henry-Louis de La Grange) at Scribd.com .This is no longer available!
The Lebrecht Report: A new view of Mahler (5 March 2008), a review of Gustav Mahler, vol.
4, by Norman Lebrecht at La Scena Musicale website.
Sir Francis Christopher Buchan Bland (29 May 1938 – 28 January 2017) was a British businessman and politician.
He was born in Yokohama, Japan.
He was deputy chairman of the Independent Television Authority (1972), which was renamed the Independent Broadcasting Authority in the same year, and chairman of London Weekend Television (1984) and of the Board of Governors of the BBC (1996 to 2001), when he took up a position as chairman of British Telecommunications plc.
He left his position with BT in September 2007.
People from Yokohama
The Number One Observatory Circle is the official residence of the vice president of the United States.
The Victorian house sits on the grounds of the United States Naval Observatory on Massachusetts Avenue just north of the British Embassy.
It has been the residence of the vice president since 1974.
Number One Observatory Circle; YouTube
Waltenhofen is a municipality  in the district of Oberallgäu in Bavaria in Germany.
On 1 January 1972, the  previously independent municipality of Memhölz was incorporated into Waltenhofen.
On January 1 1976, Niedersonthofen was added, and on April 1, 1976 Martin im Allgäu was also added.
The mayor has been Eckhard Harscher since 2006.
Weitnau is a municipality in the rural district Oberallgäu in Bavaria/Germany.
Since 2008 Alexander Streicher has been the mayor.
Weitnau has been twinned with Magné in France since 1986.
Weitnau is in the foothills of the Allgäu Alps.
Kaniyan Pungundranar is an influential Tamil poet and philosopher who lived during the Sangam Age.
He was said to be born in the village of Mahibalanpatti in Tirupattur taluk of Sivagangai district, Tamil Nadu.
Kaniyan Pungundranar composed two poems in Tamil in Purananuru and Natrinai.
His poem in Purananuru is a famous poem, it starts with the lines of Yaadhum Oore Yavarum Kelir speaks about unity.
Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, the former president of India spoke about these lines in the United Nations Organisation.
At present, these lines are depicted in the UNO.
Andreas Sparman or  Andreas Palmcron (1609 – November 30, 1658) was a Swedish doctor.
He was the personal physician to Queen Christina and King Charles X Gustav of Sweden.
He is most known for his book, Sundhetzens Speghel, which is considered to be the best medical book of the century, and is sometimes considered to be the first Swedish cookbook.
Andreas Sparman was born Andreas Schomerus in Sparrsätra parish, Uppsala County, Sweden.
He died in
When he wrote his dissertation in 1629, he used the name "Schomerus", but later changed his name to Sparrman, for his birthplace.
He was knighted in 1647 with the name Palmcron.
Sparman's father was Nikolaus Olai.
His mother was Susanna Andersdotter.
His first wife was Helena Isaksdotter.
His second wife was Susanna Lilliecrona.
He had a daughter, Brita Susanna Palmkron, with his second wife.
Sparman studied medicine in the city of Leiden, in the Netherlands.
After he returned to Sweden he became the city doctor for Stockholm.
Later, he was the personal doctor to Queen Christina and Charles X Gustav of Sweden.
In connection with the plague epidemic in 1638, Sparman wrote an educational book about the plague.
It was a summary of how to prevent and treat the disease.
It was published again during plague epidemics in 1652 and 1710.
In 1642, Sparman wrote the most complete book ever published about preventive health care, Sundhetzen's Speghel, uthi hwilken man beskodhar Sundhetzens Natur,... or "Mirror of Health, from which one may learn the nature of health, the principle causes of all diseases which chiefly undermine health, together with the remedies which deliver us from them".
It is considered the best läkebok or medical book of the century.
Part of the book is written in the form of the alexandrine French poetry meter.
It was probably based on some foreign works.
Sparman's book warned about the medical dangers of alcohol.
Because of the severe rödsots or dysentery epidemics, in 1652 Sparman wrote about how to prevent dysentery.
Sparman also translated the hymns of the Psalms.
He got permission to publish them, but they were never published.
Sundhetzens Speghel Digital scan of 1686 edition.
Sundhetzens Speghel on WorldCat
Other works on WorldCat.
Elkin Fernando Ramírez Zapata (26 October 1962 – 29 January 2017) was a Colombian singer-songwriter.
He was best known as the lead singer of the rock band Kraken.
He was also a member to bands such as Kripzy (1981–1982) and Ferrotrack (1983–1984).
He joined Kraken in 1985.
He was born in Medellín, Antioquia.
Ramírez died from brain cancer on 29 January 2017 in Medellín.
Walter Herbert "Walt" Streuli (September 26, 1935 – January 19, 2017) was an American professional baseball player.
He played as a catcher.
He appeared in six Major League Baseball games over parts of three seasons with the 1954–1956 Detroit Tigers.
Streuli was born in Memphis, Tennessee.
He studied at Rhodes College.
Streuli died in Greensboro, North Carolina on January 19, 2017, aged 81.
Box score from Retrosheet
R-dropping also called non-rhoticity or post vocalic r-lessness happens to English-speakers when the "r" sound is not pronounced after a vowel.
Then the words "car" and "card"  both sound like "cah" and "cahd".
That happens for most speakers in England and some speakers in the United States, especially in the Boston and New York City areas and pockets of the American South especially the Greater New Orleans area, Virginia's Tidewater region and among speakers of ethnolects such as African American Vernacular English and Cajun English.
British and Northeastern r-droppers usually pronounce "r" when the next word begins with a vowel as in "car is".
For them, "spa" and "spar" sound alike, Southern, African American and South African r-droppers don't add additional Rs.
The pronunciation of the R is kept in the Scottish, Irish and most of the U.S. and Canada versions of spoken English.
The R-droppers include most of England, Wales, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa.
wiktionary for rhotic
wiktionary for non-rhotic
Jamshid Giunashvili (; 1 May 1931 – 21 January 2017).
He was a Georgian linguist, Iranologist, researcher, author, and diplomat.
He having served as the first ambassador of Georgia to Iran for a period of ten years from 1994 through 2004.
Giunashvili was born in Tehran, Iran.
He graduated from Tbilisi State University with a doctors degree in Iranian studies.
Giunashvili died on 21 January 2017 in Tbilisi, Georgia, aged 86.
Brunhilde Pomsel (11 January 1911 – 27 January 2017) was a German broadcaster and secretary.
She was born in Berlin.
She was known as a personal secretary to politician Joseph Goebbels.
She began work in the news department of the Third Reich's radio station in 1933.
After World War II ended, she was not released from jail until 1950.
She retired in 1971 at the age of 60.
Pomsel turned 100 in 2011.
She died on 27 January 2017 in Munich at the age of 106.
Anne-Marie Colchen-Maillet (8 December 1925 – 26 January 2017) was a French former track and field athlete and women's basketball player.
She was born in Le Havre, France.
She became France's first high jump champion at the 1946 European Athletics Championships and held the French record for the event for ten years.
She represented France in high jump at the 1948 Summer Olympics.
In basketball she was the highest scorer at the 1953 FIBA World Championship for Women, helping France to third place.
She was a member of the French national team for the European Women's Basketball Championship in 1950, 1952, 1954 and 1956.
After retiring from active competition she went into coaching.
Colchen was inducted into the Gloire du sport (the French national sports hall of fame) in 2002.
A sachet d'épices is a small cheesecloth sack containing herbs and spices.
It is used to add flavor to stocks, soups and sauces.
It means "small bag of spices" in French.
It is often simply called a sachet.
It is used like a bouquet garni, but a sachet's ingredients are inside a cheesecloth while a bouquet garni is not.
This means that spices such as whole peppercorns and dried herbs, which cannot be used in a bouquet garni, can go in a sachet.
Dame Margaret Laurence "Laurie" Salas (née Hay, 8 February 1922 – 26 January 2017) was a New Zealand women's rights and peace activist.
She was born in Wellington, New Zealand.
Salas was involved with the Playcentre movement, and became that organisation's first representative on the National Council of Women.
Salas was a New Zealand committee member for the Council for Security Cooperation in the Asia Pacific, and she was also an honorary vice president of the New Zealand Institute of International Affairs.
In the 1982 Queen's Birthday Honours Salas was appointed a Companion of the Queen's Service Order for community service.
Atanas Kirov (, 24 September 1946 – 27 January 2017) was a Bulgarian bantamweight weightlifter.
He was born in Burgas, Bulgaria.
From 1973 and 1975, he won the world titles and three European titles and set two world records in the total.
He competed in the 1968 and 1972 Summer Olympics and placed seventh and fifth, respectively.
Fine Air Flight 101 was a scheduled cargo flight from Miami International Airport, in Miami, Florida, to Las Américas International Airport in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.
On August 7, 1997 the Douglas DC-8 crashed into a road (72nd Avenue) at 28th Street, in Miami near the airport.
There were four people on the plane but only three bodies were found hours after the crash.
Two people on the ground were reported to be injured.
One person was killed while driving a vehicle.
The probable cause was the airplane was the cargo being loaded too far to the back of the plane.
Combined with an incorrect stabilizer trim setting, the aircraft pitched up too far at takeoff.
Witnesses said the plane looked like it was going to flip backwards as it took off.
The plane, weighing , struggle to an altitude of .
Then it fell back to the ground, tail first.
When the plane hit the ground it broke apart and caught fire.
Fine Air Flight 101; YouTube
NTSB Aircraft Accident Report, Fine Air Flight 101, August 7, 1997
History of Miami, Florida
Zakia Soman (Arabic: زكية سومان ) is an activist from India.
She is the head of the human rights group Bharatiya Muslim Mahila Andolan (BMMA).
In 2014, she received the Outstanding Women Achievers award from the National Commission for Women.
Soman is from Ahmedabad, Gujarat in India.
She worked as a university professor.
Soman fights for women to be able to enter religious shrines.
She works to reform Islamic divorce customs in India, and to stop the triple talaq practice of divorce in Islam for the 90 million Muslim women in India.
The BMMA works for women's rights in Islam and recommended changes in India's family law.
In 2013, the BMMA did a survey of 5000 women about women's rights in Islamic families.
After that, they trained 30 women as judges to help solve family problems.
In the survey, 92 percent of women had agreed to ban the one-sided triple divorce.
The Shariah court for women was started because they thought that women were not being heard in the male Shariah court.
In the survey, 92 percent of the women were also opposed to multiple wives.
Howard Frank Mosher (June 16, 1942 – January 29, 2017) was an American author and retired high school teacher.
He was known for his novels Where the Rivers Flow North (1978) and A Stranger In the Kingdom (1991).
He was a Guggenheim Fellow in 1979, and is the 1981 recipient of the Literature Award bestowed by the American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters.
Mosher was born in Cato, New York.
He studied at Syracuse University in 1964.
He taught English in Vermont at Orleans High and Lake Region Union High School during his early years.
Mosher died of prostate cancer under hospice care in Irasburg, Vermont, aged 74.
Howard Frank Mosher Official Website
2007 interview with The Optimistic Curmudgeon
Stuart Timmons (January 14, 1957 – January 28, 2017) was an American journalist, activist, and historian.
He was an award-winning author specializing in LGBT history.
He was the author of The Trouble With Harry Hay: Founder of the Modern Gay Movement and the co-author of Gay L.A.: A History of Sexual Outlaws, Power Politics, And Lipstick Lesbians with Lillian Faderman.
In 2007, Stuart began developing walking tours of LGBTQ historic sites in Los Angeles.
Timmons was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota.
In 2008, he suffered a massive stroke that left him paralyzed from the waist down.
Official Site of Stuart Timmons
Ion Ungureanu (2 August 1935 – 28 January 2017) was a Moldovan actor and politician.
He served as a member of parliament for first Parliament of Moldova from 1990 to 1994.
During this time, he was Minister of Culture of Moldova.
He was a screen actor between 1962 and 1990.
He was born in Opaci.
Moldovan politicians
Rocket League is a vehicular association football video game.
It is developed and published by Psyonix.
It was first released on Microsoft Windows and PlayStation 4 in July 2015.
It was later released on Xbox One, OS X and Linux in 2016.
It is a sequel to Supersonic Acrobatic Rocket-Powered Battle-Cars (2008).
It is multiplayer and single-player.
Single-player has the "Season" game mode where the player plays against bots.
Multiplayer is online and has 1 versus 1, 2 versus 2, 3 versus 3 and 4 versus 4 modes.
The game has received very positive reviews.
As of January 2017, the game has had 25 million players since 2015.
Psyonix Inc. is an American video game development studio.
It is based in San Diego, California.
They were founded in 2000.
They were officially incorporated on April 30, 2001.
Psyonix are best known for publishing and developing Rocket League since 2015.
Rocket League is a sequel to their other game, Supersonic Acrobatic Rocket-Powered Battle-Cars (2008).
Psyonix also worked on games such as Gears of War, Bulletstorm and Homefront.
Darryl Sutton (27 July 1952 – 28 January 2017) was an Australian rules footballer.
He played for North Melbourne, Richmond and the Sydney Swans in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
He was born in Tasmania.
Sutton had dementia.
He died from pneumonia on 28 January 2017 at the age of 64.
Richard Portman (April 2, 1934 – January 28, 2017) was an American sound engineer.
He worked on over 160 movies between 1963 and 2004.
He won an Academy Award for Best Sound for The Deer Hunter (1978).
He was nominated ten other times for Kotch (1971), The Godfather, The Candidate (both 1972), Paper Moon, The Day of the Dolphin (both 1973), Young Frankenstein (1974), Funny Lady (1975), Coal Miner's Daughter (1980), On Golden Pond (1981) and The River (1984).
Portman died of problems from a fall on January 28, 2017 in Tallahassee, Florida.
Arthur Hinton "Art" Rosenfeld (June 22, 1926 – January 27, 2017) was an American physicist.
He was Commissioner of the California Energy Commission from 2000 to 2010.
From 1994 to 1999, he was a Senior Advisor for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy in the United States Department of Energy.
In 2011, he was awarded the National Medal of Technology and Innovation by U.S. President Barack Obama.
Rosenfeld was born in Birmingham, Alabama.
His wife of 53 years, Roselyn Bernheim "Roz" Rosenfeld, had died in 2009.
Rosenfeld died from pneumonia on January 27, 2017 in Berkeley, California.
It means the paint is laid on thickly in places, thick enough so the brush or painting-knife strokes can be seen.
When dry, impasto gives texture, because some of the paint stands out from the canvas.
The Azerbaijan Volleyball Federation () also known as AVF, is the governing body of volleyball and beach volleyball in Azerbaijan.
The Azerbaijan Volleyball Federation was founded in 1992.
It became a member of the International Volleyball Federation (FIVB) in 1992.
It also joined the European Volleyball Confederation (CEV) in 1992.
The Azerbaijan Volleyball Federation's president is Javid Gurbanov.
Its headquarters are located in Baku.
Iraqi Airways is the flag carrier of the Iraq.
It began in 1945.
It's first flight was to Syria in January 1946.
It bought its first jet aircraft in the 1960s.
They allowed the airline to add flights to cities in the Middle East, Asia and Europe.
During the 1970s, it began its first flight to John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York City.
In 1991, when Iraq invaded Kuwait, all of its planes were grounded by the United Nations.
A few years later, they allowed the airline to operate a few domestic flights.
The airline was allowed to resume international flights 12 years later on May 30, 2003, after the War in Iraq ended.
In 2015, the European Union banned the airline from flying there.
The first part is , the code of Panama.
one or two digits (1–10): provinces
two letters: indigenous regions
(*) ISO 3166-2 uses the name "Ngöbe-Buglé" even though "Ngäbe-Buglé" is the more widely used variant.
ISO Online Browsing Platform: PA
Provinces of Panama, Statoids.com
Tokitenkū Yoshiaki (born Altangadasyn Khüchitbaatar, ; 10 September 1979 – 31 January 2017) was a Mongolian sumo wrestler.
He made his professional debut in 2002.
He reached the top makuuchi division just two years later.
The highest rank he reached was komusubi.
He held this three separate times, but never for more than one tournament.
He earned one special prize, for Technique.
He wrestled for Tokitsukaze stable.
He was born in Altanbulag, Töv Province.
He became a Japanese citizen in January 2014.
Yoshiaki died from lymphoma on 31 January 2017 in Tokyo.
Leonard Harry Perroots Sr. (
April 24, 1933 – January 29, 2017) was an American Air Force general.
He was the Director of the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) from October 1985 to December 1988.
He retired on January 1, 1989.
He was born in Morgantown, West Virginia.
The following is a list of notable deaths in February 2017.
E. Ahamed, 78, Indian politician, Minister of External Affairs (2004–2014) and MP for Malappuram (since 2009), cardiac arrest.
Asim Basu, 81, Indian theatre director, lung infection.
Lars-Erik Berenett, 74, Swedish actor (Jordskott, Skilda världar), spinal cancer.
Albano Bortoletto Cavallin, 86, Brazilian Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Guarapuava (1986–1992) and Archbishop of Londrina (1992–2006), surgical complications.
Desmond Carrington, 90, British actor (Emergency – Ward 10) and broadcaster (The Music Goes Round), complications from Alzheimer's disease.
Sandy Gandhi, 59, Indian-born Australian comedian and journalist.
Stig Grybe, 88, Swedish actor (Charlie Strapp and Froggy Ball Flying High).
Cor van der Hoeven, 95, Dutch footballer (Ajax).
Sir Ken Morrison, 85, British businessman, President of Morrisons (since 1956).
Edward Tipper, 95, American World War II veteran (Easy Company), subject of Band of Brothers.
Étienne Tshisekedi, 84, Congolese politician, Prime Minister (1991, 1992–1993, 1997), pulmonary embolism.
José Antonio Alonso, 56, Spanish politician, Minister of the Interior (2004–2006) and Defence (2006–2008), lung cancer.
Alvin Baldus, 90, American politician, member of the U.S. House of Representatives (1975–1981) and the Wisconsin State Assembly (1966–1975, 1989–1997).
Bertram Kostant, 88, American mathematician, complications from a stroke.
Max Lüscher, 93, Swiss psychotherapist and writer, inventor of the Lüscher color test.
Predrag Matvejević, 84, Bosnian-Croatian writer and political activist.
Shunichiro Okano, 85, Japanese football player, manager (national team) and sports executive, lung cancer.
Miltos Papapostolou, 81, Greek football player and manager (AEK Athens, national team).
Jeff Sauer, 73, American ice hockey coach (Wisconsin Badgers), pancreatic cancer.
Elliot Sperling, 66, American historian. (
Dritëro Agolli, 85, Albanian writer and politician, lung disease.
Gordon Aikman, 31, British ALS campaigner, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Robert Dahlqvist, 40, Swedish rock musician (The Hellacopters, Dundertåget). (
Yoshiro Hayashi, 89, Japanese politician, Minister of Finance (1992–1993), multiple organ failure.
John M. Hayes, 76, American geochemist, pulmonary fibrosis.
Hassan Joharchi, 48, Iranian actor, cardiac arrest.
Marisa Letícia Lula da Silva, 66, Brazilian trade unionist, First Lady (2003–2010), stroke.
Richard Lyon, 93, American admiral and politician, Mayor of Oceanside, California (1992–2000).
Shumon Miura, 91, Japanese Third Generation author, pneumonia.
Benny Perrin, 57, American football player (St. Louis Cardinals), suicide.
Lou Rowan, 91, Australian Test cricket umpire.
Basil Hetzel, 94, Australian medical researcher.
Hans van der Hoek, 83, Dutch footballer (Feyenoord, SC Enschede, ADO).
John Howes, 92, American professor of Asian studies.
Steve Lang, 67, Canadian rock guitarist (April Wine).
Bano Qudsia, 88, Pakistani writer (Raja Gidh).
Marc Spitz, 47, American writer (We Got the Neutron Bomb, Bowie: A Biography) and music journalist (Spin).
Georgi Taratorkin, 72, Russian actor (Sofiya Perovskaya, A Very English Murder, Dyuba-Dyuba).
Sonny Geraci, 69, American musician (The Outsiders, Climax).
Luis Gómez-Montejano, 94, Spanish football executive, President of Real Madrid (2006).
Björn Granath, 70, Swedish actor (Madicken, Pelle the Conqueror, The American).
Ivar Aronsson, 88, Swedish rower, Olympic silver medalist (1956).
Boy Asistio, 80, Filipino politician, Mayor of Caloocan (1980–1986, 1988–1995).
Irwin Corey, 102, American comedian (The Steve Allen Show) and actor (Car Wash, Doc, Thieves).
José Gea Escolano, 87, Spanish Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Ibiza (1976–1987) and Mondoñedo-Ferrol (1987–2005).
Neil Gehrels, 64, American astronomer.
Inge Keller, 93, German actress (The Last Year, Aimée & Jaguar, Lola and Billy the Kid).
Djelloul Khatib, 80, Algerian independence activist and politician.
Alec McCowen, 91, English actor (A Night to Remember, Frenzy, Gangs of New York).
Raymond Smullyan, 97, American mathematician and philosopher.
Roger Walkowiak, 89, French road bicycle racer, Tour de France winner (1956).
Joost van der Westhuizen, 45, South African rugby union player (Bulls, Blue Bulls, national team), complications from motor neuron disease.
Ritchie Yorke, 73, Australian music journalist, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Svend Asmussen, 100, Danish jazz violinist.
Valeriu Bularca, 85, Romania wrestler, Olympic silver medalist (1964).
Sotsha Dlamini, 76, Swazi politician, Prime Minister (1986–1989), complications from a fall.
Smail Hamdani, 86, Algerian politician, Prime Minister (1998–1999), heart attack. (
Richard Hatch, 71, American actor (All My Children, Battlestar Galactica, The Streets of San Francisco), pancreatic cancer.
Loukianos Kilaidonis, 73, Greek singer-songwriter, respiratory infection.
Antonín Přidal, 81, Czech writer (Všechny moje hlasy, Sudičky) and translator, stroke.
Hans Rosling, 68, Swedish academic, professor of International Health and co-founder of the Gapminder Foundation, pancreatic cancer.
John Salt, 75, British Anglican bishop, Diocese of St Helena (1999–2011).
Tzvetan Todorov, 77, Bulgarian-French historian, philosopher and essayist.
Richard B. Wright, 79, Canadian novelist (Clara Callan), complications from a fall.
Sir Peter Mansfield, 83, English physicist, laureate of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (2003).
Brendan McGahon, 80, Irish politician, TD (1982–2002).
Mohamud Muse Hersi, 79, Somali politician, President of Puntland (2005–2009).
Ólöf Nordal, 50, Icelandic politician, Minister of the Interior (2014–2017), pancreatic cancer.
Tara Palmer-Tomkinson, 45, British socialite and television presenter, perforated ulcer.
Tom Raworth, 78, British poet and visual artist, complications from prostate cancer.
Alan Simpson, 87, British comedy scriptwriter (Hancock's Half Hour, Comedy Playhouse, Steptoe and Son), lung disease.
Steve Sumner, 61, English-born New Zealand footballer (Christchurch United, Manurewa, national team), prostate cancer.
Mikhail Tolstykh, 36, Ukrainian DPR separatist commander (War in Donbass), rocket launcher explosion.
Serge Baguet, 47, Belgian racing cyclist (Lotto), colon cancer.
Radu Gabrea, 79, Romanian movie director (Călătoria lui Gruber) and screenwriter.
Packy, 54, American-held Asian elephant, euthanized.
André Salvat, 96, French Army World War II-colonel, recipient of the Legion of Honour and Order of Liberation.
Wiesław Adamski, 69, Polish sculptor.
Bradley Ayers, 81, American soldier and CIA operative.
Edward Bryant, 71, American science fiction and horror writer.
Mike Ilitch, 87, American businessman and sports owner (Detroit Red Wings, Detroit Tigers), founder of Little Caesars.
Piet Keizer, 73, Dutch footballer (Ajax, national team), lung cancer.
Hal Moore, 94, American lieutenant general and author (We Were Soldiers Once… And Young), complications from a stroke.
Yuriy Poyarkov, 80, Ukrainian volleyball player, Olympic champion (1964, 1968).
Tsuyoshi Yamanaka, 78, Japanese swimmer, Olympic silver medalist (1956, 1960), pneumonia.
Barbara Carroll, 92, American jazz pianist.
Chavo Guerrero Sr.,
68, American professional wrestler (NWA, AWA, WWE), liver cancer.
Harvey Lichtenstein, 87, American arts administrator (Brooklyn Academy of Music), complications from a stroke.
Fab Melo, 26, Brazilian professional basketball player (Boston Celtics), suspected heart attack.
Jarmila Šuláková, 87, Czech folk singer.
Jiro Taniguchi, 69, Japanese manga artist (A Distant Neighborhood).
Dave Adolph, 79, American football coach (Cleveland Browns, San Diego Chargers, Los Angeles Raiders).
Sara Coward, 69, British actress (The Archers), breast cancer.
Damian, 52, British pop singer, cancer.
Åsleik Engmark, 51, Norwegian comedian, actor, singer, director and stage writer.
Al Jarreau, 76, American jazz and R&B singer ("Moonlighting", "Since I Fell for You", "We Are the World"), seven-time Grammy winner, respiratory failure.
Sione Lauaki, 35, Tongan-born New Zealand rugby union player (Chiefs, New Zealand national team).
Yitzhak Livni, 82, Polish-born Israeli media executive and writer.
Quentin Moses, 33, American football player (Miami Dolphins), house fire.
Bobby Murdoch, 81, English footballer (Liverpool).
Ren Xinmin, 101, Chinese rocket scientist and educator (University at Buffalo), designer of the Long March 3.
Clint Roberts, 82, American politician, member of the U.S. House of Representatives from South Dakota's 2nd congressional district (1981–1983), COPD.
Krystyna Sienkiewicz, 81, Polish actress and singer.
e-dubble, 34, American rap artist (Freestyle Friday), blood infection.
Ricardo Arias Calderón, 83, Panamanian politician, Vice President (1990–1992).
Harold Denton, 80, American public servant, Director of the Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation (1988–1998), complications from Alzheimer's disease and COPD.
Jan Grabowski, 66, Polish speedway rider.
Aileen Hernandez, 90, American union organizer and women's rights activist, President of the National Organization for Women (1970–1971).
Kim Jong-nam, 45, North Korean politician, poisoned.
Bruce Lansbury, 87, English-American television producer (Murder, She Wrote, The Wild Wild West, Knight Rider) and screenwriter, complications from Alzheimer's disease.
Lucky Pulpit, 16, American-trained racehorse, heart attack.
Seijun Suzuki, 93, Japanese director (Tokyo Drifter, Zigeunerweisen, Yumeji), screenwriter and actor (Cold Fever, EM Embalming, Matouqin Nocturne), COPD.
Cipriano Chemello, 71, Italian cyclist, Olympic bronze medalist (1968).
Siegfried Herrmann, 84, German Olympic long-distance runner (1956, 1964).
Jiří Lanský, 83, Czech high jumper, European championship silver medalist (1954, 1958).
Elisabeth Lichtenberger, 91, Austrian geographer.
Paul Nguyên Van Hòa, 85, Vietnamese Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Phan Thiết (1975) and Nha Trang (1975–2009).
Gelek Rimpoche, 77, Tibetan-American Buddhist teacher, heart failure.
Hans Trass, 88, Estonian botanist.
Bengt Gustavsson, 89, Swedish footballer (IFK Norrköping, Atalanta, national team) and manager (Åtvidabergs FF).
Infante Henrique, Duke of Coimbra, 67, Portuguese royal.
Manfred Kaiser, 88, German football player and manager (Wismut Gera).
Stuart McLean, 68, Canadian radio broadcaster (The Vinyl Cafe), melanoma.
José Solé, 87, Mexican actor and director, cardiac arrest.
Loren Wiseman, 65, American game designer (Game Designers' Workshop), heart failure.
Josef Augusta, 70, Czech ice hockey player and coach, Olympic silver medalist (1976), pancreatic cancer.
Dick Bruna, 89, Dutch author and illustrator (Miffy).
Jannis Kounellis, 80, Greek-Italian artist.
George Steele, 79, American professional wrestler (WWF) and actor (Ed Wood), renal failure.
Ep Wieldraaijer, 89, Dutch politician, member of House of Representatives (1963–1974).
Alan Aldridge, 73, British graphic designer (The Who, Elton John).
Nicole Bass, 52, American bodybuilder and professional wrestler (WWF, ECW, NWA), heart attack complicated by a stroke. (
life-support removed on this date)
Warren Frost, 91, American actor (Twin Peaks, Matlock, Seinfeld).
Börge Hellström, 59, Swedish writer (Roslund/Hellström), cancer.
Erland Kops, 80, Danish badminton player, European championship silver medalist (1970).
Theodore J. Lowi, 85, American political scientist.
Robert H. Michel, 93, American politician, U.S Representative from Illinois's 18th district (1957–1995) and House Minority Leader (1981–1995), pneumonia.
Michael Novak, 83, American Catholic theologian and political writer (The Spirit of Democratic Capitalism), complications from colon cancer.
Tom Regan, 78, American philosopher and animal rights advocate, pneumonia.
Andrew Schneider, 74, American journalist (Pittsburgh Press, Seattle Post-Intelligencer), Pulitzer Prize winner (1986, 1987), heart failure.
Peter Skellern, 69, English singer-songwriter ("You're a Lady", "Hard Times", "Hold on to Love") and priest, brain cancer.
James Stevenson, 87, American cartoonist (The New Yorker) and author (What's Under My Bed), complications from pneumonia.
Magnus Wenninger, 97, American mathematician (Polyhedron model).
Omar Abdel-Rahman, 78, Egyptian Muslim leader and convicted terrorist, diabetes and coronary artery disease.
Ivan Koloff, 74, Canadian professional wrestler (WWWF, NWA), liver cancer.
Norma McCorvey, 69, American political activist, plaintiff in U.S. Supreme Court case Roe v. Wade, heart failure.
Sir Michael Ogio, 74, Papua New Guinean politician, Governor-General (since 2010).
Richard Schickel, 84, American movie critic (Time), complications from a stroke.
Lawrence F. Snowden, 95, American military officer.
Pasquale Squitieri, 78, Italian movie director and screenwriter.
Clyde Stubblefield, 73, American drummer (James Brown), kidney failure.
Dan Vickerman, 37, South African-born Australian rugby union footballer (Brumbies, Waratahs, national team).
Alejandro Atchugarry, 64, Uruguayan lawyer and politician, Minister of Economy and Finance (2002–2003), aneurysm.
Kaci Kullmann Five, 65, Norwegian politician, Storting (1981–1997) and Chairwoman of the Norwegian Nobel Committee (since 2015), breast cancer.
Larry Coryell, 73, American jazz guitarist, cardiac arrest.
Roger Hynd, 75, Scottish football player (Rangers, Birmingham City) and manager (Motherwell).
Altamas Kabir, 68, Indian judge, Chief Justice (2012–2013), kidney disease.
Jørgen Kieler, 97, Danish Resistance member during World War II.
Igor Shafarevich, 93, Ukrainian-born Russian mathematician.
Danuta Szaflarska, 102, Polish actress (Zakazane piosenki, The Impossible Goodbye, Aftermath).
John S. Wold, 100, American politician, U.S. House of Representatives from Wyoming's at-large congressional district (1969–1971).
Marilyn B. Young, 79, American historian.
Roman Zhuravskyi, 68, Ukrainian football player (Dynamo Kyiv, Karpaty Lviv), pancreatic cancer.
Vitaly Churkin, 64, Russian diplomat, Permanent Representative of Russia to the United Nations (since 2006), Ambassador to Belgium (19941998) and child actor (A Mother's Heart), heart failure.
Mildred Dresselhaus, 86, American nanotechnologist (Carbon nanotubes) and first female professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, respiratory failure.
Steve Hewlett, 58, British journalist (The Guardian) and radio presenter (The Media Show), oesophageal cancer.
Sofía Ímber, 92, Romanian-born Venezuelan journalist and philanthropist, founder of the Contemporary Art Museum of Caracas, congestive heart failure.
Suthan Suthersan, 60, Sri Lankan-born American environmental engineer.
Leah Adler, 97, American pianist.
Kenneth Arrow, 95, American economist, laureate of the Nobel Prize in Economics (1972).
Brunella Bovo, 84, Italian actress (Miracle in Milan, The White Sheik, Revenge of a Crazy Girl), pneumonia.
Jeanne Martin Cissé, 91, Guinean teacher and politician, President of the United Nations Security Council (1972–1976) and Minister of Social Affairs (1976–1984).
Douglas Coe, 88, American evangelical leader, complications from a heart attack.
Desmond Connell, 90, Irish Roman Catholic cardinal, Archbishop of Dublin (1988–2004).
Ion Croitoru, 53, Canadian professional wrestler (SMW, AWA, WWF) and convicted criminal, suspected heart attack.
Sir Cosmo Haskard, 100, Irish-born British colonial administrator, Governor of the Falkland Islands (1964–1970).
Edwin Kessler, 88, American atmospheric scientist, helped develop Doppler weather radar.
Stanisław Skrowaczewski, 93, Polish-American conductor and composer.
Frank Delaney, 74, Irish author (Ireland, Simple Courage: A True Story of Peril on the Sea) and journalist.
Ricardo Dominguez, 31, Mexican welterweight boxer, colon cancer.
Eni Faleomavaega, 75, American Samoan politician and attorney, Delegate of American Samoa to the U.S. House of Representatives  (19892015), Lieutenant Governor of American Samoa (1985–1989).
Ed Garvey, 76, American labor attorney, NFLPA executive director and counsel (19701983).
John McCormack, 91, Canadian ice hockey player (Toronto Maple Leafs, Montreal Canadiens, Chicago Blackhawks).
Aleksei Petrenko, 78, Russian actor (Agony, World War II: Behind Closed Doors, The Barber of Siberia).
Alan Colmes, 66, American political commentator  (Fox News) and television presenter (Hannity & Colmes), lymphoma.
Sabine Oberhauser, 53, Austrian physician and politician, Austrian Minister for Health and Women (since 2014), member of the Austrian National Council (since 2006), abdominal cancer.
David Waddington, Baron Waddington, 87, British politician, MP (1968–1974, 1979–1990), Home Secretary (1989–1990), Leader of the House of Lords (1990–1992), Governor of Bermuda (1992–1997).
Leon Ware, 77, American musician, record producer, and songwriter ("I Want You", "I Wanna Be Where You Are"), complications from prostate cancer.
Daryl, 61, American magician, hanging.
Gustaw Lutkiewicz, 92, Polish actor (Nikodem Dyzma, A Year of the Quiet Sun, Syzyfowe prace).
Hassan Al-Jundi, 78, Moroccan actor (The Message, Al Qadisiyya, Omar) and author.
Neil Fingleton, 36, English basketball player, actor and stuntman (Game of Thrones, 47 Ronin, Avengers: Age of Ultron), heart attack.
Toshio Nakanishi, 61, Japanese musician (Plastics), esophageal cancer.
Bill Paxton, 61, American actor (Apollo 13, Aliens, Big Love), stroke complicated by heart surgery.
Jack Pope, 103, American judge, attorney and author, Chief Justice of the Texas Supreme Court (1982–1985).
Boaz Vaadia, 65, Israeli-born American sculptor, pancreatic cancer.
Ludvig Faddeev, 82, Russian theoretical physicist and mathematician.
Eugene Garfield, 91, American linguist and businessman, founder of Histcite, heart attack.
Ned Garver, 91, American baseball pitcher (St. Louis Browns, Detroit Tigers, Kansas City Athletics).
Preben Hertoft, 89, Danish sexologist. (
Sir Gerald Kaufman, 86, British politician, MP for Manchester Ardwick (1970–1983) and Manchester Gorton (since 1983), Father of the House (since 2015).
Joseph Wapner, 97, American judge and television personality (The People's Court, Judge Wapner's Animal Court), respiratory failure.
John Harlan, 91, American radio and television personality (Name That Tune).
Carlos Humberto Romero, 92, Salvadoran politician, President (1977–1979).
Leone di Lernia, 78, Italian radio host (Lo Zoo di 105), singer (Leone di Lernia contro tutti), actor (Mario) and composer, liver cancer.
Paul Kangas, 79, American broadcaster (Nightly Business Report), complications from Parkinson's disease and prostate cancer.
Peter Mathews, 65, Irish politician, TD (2011–2016), oesophageal cancer.
Vladimir Petrov, 69, Russian ice hockey player, Olympic champion (1972, 1976) and silver medalist (1980).
Elisabeth Waldheim, 94, Austrian political figure, First Lady (1986–1992).
Thomas Joseph Simpson (November 6, 1921 – January 28, 2017) was a Canadian Royal Navy veteran.
He was one of only 114 Canadians to receive the Distinguished Service Medal (DSM) for World War II service.
was a Japanese businessman.
He was the founder of Namco.
He was sometimes called the "father of Pac-Man".
He was the CEO of Namco until he stepped down in 2002.
He also produced movies for entertainment company Nikkatsu.
Businesspeople from Tokyo
Erland Kolding Nielsen (13 January 1947 – 23 January 2017) was a Danish librarian and academic.
He was best known as director of The Royal Library.
He was also the president of the library organisation LIBER from 2003 to 2006.
He was born in Frederiksberg.
The Sambre is a river that flows through France and Belgium.
It empties into the Meuse at the city of Namur from the left side, and has a length of 193 km.
Elizabeth Bathory (1560–1614) was a countess who lived in Transylvania, then a part of the Kingdom of Hungary.
She was from a very important family that included kings, cardinals, knights, and judges.