the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
With Dow, Aniston had 1 daughter, Jennifer Aniston.
With Rooney he had a son, Alexander Rooney.
Some Movies
Love of Life (TV) (1975)
Search for Tomorrow (TV) (1978  1974)
Days of Our Lives (1985  present)
My Big Fat Greek Life
Greek actors
London 2012 – Official website
London 2012 Olympics – Official Medal Standings
London 2012 Olympics – Interactive Medal Standings (by country, sport, event, medal & athlete) from “The Hive Group”
Valmont is a 1989 drama movie starring Annette Bening.
It is based on the French book .
This movie received an Academy Award nomination for the Best Costume Design.
The Curiosity rover is a robotic car-sized Mars rover.
It is exploring Gale Crater, which is near the equator of Mars.
The rover uses a nuclear power and is part of NASA's Mars Science Laboratory (MSL).
The MSL mission has four main scientific goals: study Martian climate and geology, search for water, and find out whether Mars could have ever supported life.
Curiosity carries the most advanced scientific equipment ever used on the surface of Mars.
Curiosity is the fourth NASA surface rover sent to Mars in 16 years.
Curiosity is also the heaviest robotic wheeled vehicle (at 900 kg) to have ever landed on Mars (The Soviet Union's Lunokhod 2 lunar rover (1800) used to be the largest with 840 kg).
Curiosity was launched from Cape Canaveral on November 26, 2011 at 10:02 EST.
It successfully landed on Aeolis Palus in Gale Crater on Mars on August 6, 2012, 05:21:27 UTC.
In December 2012, Curiosity two-year mission was extended indefinitely.
On August 7, 2017, NASA celebrated the fifth anniversary of the Curiosity rover landing and related exploratory accomplishments on the planet Mars.
The rover is still operational, and as of , Curiosity has been on Mars for  sols ( total days) since landing on August 6, 2012.
Curiosity design served as the basis for the Mars 2020 rover that is scheduled to land on Mars in February 2021.
The main scientific goals of the MSL mission is to search whether Mars could ever have supported life or water and to study the climate and geology of Mars.
The Curiosity rover has six main scientific objectives:
Search for minerals found on the crater surface and near-surface geological materials.
Detect signs of life
Study the many processes that have formed and changed rocks and soils.
Study the atmosphere of Mars
Observe the movement and cycles of water and carbon dioxide.
Investigate the surface radiation, including cosmic radiation, and radiation of protons and neutrons.
The rover's landing was planned for a small region of Aeolis Palus within Gale crater.
Gale crater is an about 2 billion-years-old impact crater on Mars.
It was filled with sediments by water and wind.
Later, wind erosion removed all sediments, leaving a 5.5 km (3.4 mile) high mountain (Mount Sharp).
The crater is 154 km (94 mi) wide.
The crater was chosen because it may allow for the study of two billion years of Martian history.
The landing site is also near an alluvial fan.
The alluvial fan is believed to be the result of a flow of ground water.
Coverage and popular culture
NASA collected more than 1.2 million names from people who sent their names from 2009 to 2011.
Their names are on a microchip which is located on the deck of Curiosity.
Live videos showing the first footage from the surface of Mars was available at NASA TV.
It was shown live during the night of August 5, 2012.
The NASA website became unavailable because of the large number of people visiting it.
A 13-minute NASA video of the landing, on YouTube, also became unavailable for several hours.
A robotic DMCA notice was sent from Scripps Local News who prevented access.
Around 1,000 people gathered in New York City's Times Square, to watch NASA's live broadcast of Curiositys landing.
The Curiosity rover has three scoops which can dig up the soil on Mars so it can be studied.
These scoops are kept clean by using Martian sand as an abrasive cleaner.
Soil samples are studied inside Curiosity using a chemistry and mineralogy instrument called CheMin.
CheMin uses X-ray diffraction to discover what minerals are in the soil samples.
This information is then sent back to Earth.
Curiosity Rover - Home Page - NASA/JPL
MSL - NASA News Briefings - *LIVE* Daily At 1pm/edt/usa (NASA-TV)
MSL - NASA News Briefings - *REPLAY* Anytime (NASA-YouTube)
MSL - NASA Image Gallery
MSL - "Curiosity Has Landed" (08/06/2012) - NASA/JPL - Video (02:24)
MSL - "Curiosity Descent" (08/06/2012) - NASA/JPL - Video (01:03)
MSL - Landing ("7 Minutes of Terror") - NASA/JPL - Video (05:08)
MSL - Landing (EDL/EntryDescentLanding) - Animated Video (02:00)
MSL - Landing Site - Gale Crater - Animated/Narrated Video (02:37)
MSL - Landing Site - Gale Crater - Google Mars (zoomable map)
Curiosity Rover - Virtual Tour - NASA/JPL
2012 in technology
A Mars flyby is when a spacecraft passes near the planet Mars, but does not enter orbit or land on it.
Unmanned (no humans on board) space probes have used this method to collect data on Mars and other worlds.
A spacecraft that is built for a flyby is also known as a "flyby bus" or "flyby spacecraft".
List of Mars flybys
Dawn, closest approach (2009) was 549 km.
Rosetta within 250 km
Mariner program spacecraft
Mariner 4 (1965, the first successful Mars flyby), Mariner 6, and Mariner 7 returned data from Mars flybys
Mars program spacecraft
Two Mars flyby attempts were made in 1960 under Mars 1M (Mars 1960A and Mars 1960B).
The third attempt at a Mars flyby was the Soviet Mars 2MV-4 No.1,  also called Mars 1962A or Sputnik 22, which launched in 1962 as part of the Mars program.
but it was destroyed in low Earth orbit due to rocket failure.
Mars 1 also launched in 1962 but communications failed before it reached Mars.
Mars 4 achieved a flyby in 1974 and detected a night-side ionosphere, although by that time Mars was already orbited by other spacecraft.
Mars 6 and 7 were Mars landers carried by flyby buses.
Astronautix - Mars flyby
Mars by Rosetta
The terraforming of Mars is an idea that humans can change the climate and surface of Mars.
They would do this to make Mars a place where humans and other life forms from Earth could live.
The project will rely on the idea that the environment of a planet can be changed through artificial means.
There are a number of proposed methods.
Reasons for terraforming
Mars is the most earthlike of all the other planets in our Solar System.
It is also believed that Mars once had an Earth-like environment early in its history.
Mars once had a thicker atmosphere and water.
However, it disappeared over the course of hundreds of millions of years.
Future population growth and the demand for resources is necessary for human colonization of objects other than Earth, such as Mars and the Moon, and nearby planets.
Space colonization will help harvest the Solar System's energy and material resources.
The terraforming of Mars can also be helpful in the survival of the human race.
Many catastrophic extinction events could occur on Earth, such as the meteor thought to have killed off the dinosaurs 65 million years ago.
Earth's species, including humans, could live on Mars instead.
Recent Arthur C Clarke interview mentions terraforming
Red Colony
Terraformers Society of Canada
Research Paper: Technological Requirements for Terraforming Mars
Peter Ahrens The Terraformation of Worlds
MARSDRIVE: Colonizing Mars.
Red Colony parent organization planning the future exploration and colonization of planet Mars.
Fukumoto was born in Ibusuki on October 2, 1983.
She joined for Okayama Yunogo Belle in 2001.
She was selected Best Eleven 3 times (2006, 2012 and 2014).
She played 259 matches for the club.
In August 2016, she moved to INAC Kobe Leonessa.
However she could hardly play in the match.
In 2019, she moved to Chifure AS Elfen Saitama.
In 2021, she moved to new club, Sanfrecce Hiroshima Regina.
In August 2002, Fukumoto was selected by the Japan U-20 national team for the 2002 U-19 World Championship.
In October, she was selected by the Japan national team for the 2002 Asian Games.
At this competition, on October 4, she debuted against Vietnam.
She played in the World Cup 3 times (2007, 2011 and 2015) and at the Summer Olympics 2 times (2008 and 2012).
Japan won the championship at the 2011 World Cup, came second in the 2015 World Cup and got a silver medal in the 2012 Summer Olympics.
She played 81 games for Japan until 2016.
Chifure AS Elfen Saitama players
Jessica Capshaw (born August 9, 1976, Missouri) is an American movie actress.
She is the stepdaughter of Steven Spielberg.
She appeared in the ABC TV-series Grey's Anatomy.
The Magellan spacecraft, also called the Venus Radar Mapper, was a NASA spaceprobe designed to explore the Venus planet.
It was launched on May 4, 1989, and reached Venus on August 10, 1990.
It was in orbit around Venus for four years making detailed maps of the surface using radar and measuring the planet's gravity.
Because of the thick atmosphere around the planet, the information from Magellan provided scientists with their first views of the surface of Venus.
On October 12, 1994, the Magellan spacecraft was crashed into the planet on purpose.
The Magellan was the first spacecraft to be launched from a Space Shuttle, the Atlantis.
It was also the first spacecraft to be deliberately crashed.
Magellan was made from parts left over from other space exploration programs, including the Voyager program.
This is a list of cities and towns in Croatia.
In Croatia these are called a grad.
These are the largest cities in Cuba.
Beside each city in the list below is the number of people who live in the city.
All numbers are from 2003.
Havana, 2,201,610
Santiago de Cuba, 423,392
Camagüey, 301,574
Holguín, 269,618
Santa Clara, 210,220
Guantánamo, 208,145
Bayamo, 144,664
Las Tunas, 143,582
Cienfuegos, 140,734
Pinar del Río,139,336
Matanzas, 127,287
Ciego de Avila, 106,225
Sancti Spiritus, 98,283
Manzanillo, 97,038
Cardenas, 80,832
Palma Soriano, 76,169
Moa, 57,652
Morón, 53,551 (second city in the Ciego de Avila Province)
Nueva Gerona, 46,923 (Capital of the Isle of Youth Special Municipality)
Contramaestre, 44,752
Colón, 44,520
Artemisa, 43,427 (Capital of the new Artemisa Province, 2011)
Güines, 42,801 (most populated city of the new Mayabeque Province, 2011)
Sagua La Grande, 41,756 (second city of the Villa Clara Province)
Trinidad, 41,293 (second city of the Sancti Spiritus Province, historical city, one of the seven initial towns in Cuba, tourist attraction)
Placetas, 40,982
Baracoa, 39,190 (The second most populated city in Guantanamo Province, the first town founded in Cuba by Spaniards)
Nuevitas, 38,995 (important industrial city and port in Camaguey)
San José de las Lajas, 33233 (capital of the new Mayabeque Province, 2011)
Mayarí, 29,027
List of cities (statutární město in Czech)
1 = All cities with a population of 20,000 or more.
2 = Ølstykke-Stenløse is a new city, created by conurbation between Ølstykke and Stenløse on 2010-01-01.
3 = The city Hørsholm is a part of several municipalities.
a = Part of the Urban Copenhagen (da: Hovedstadsområdet).
b = Part of the Aalborg urban area.
This is a list of Cities in the Dominican Republic.
Only cities with more than 20,000 people are listed.
Hato-Udo
Maubara
Baguia
Bucoli
Quelicai
Venilale
Atabae
Lolotoe
Fatululik
Fohoren
Suai
Tilomar
Zumalai
Metinaro
Atsabe
Gleno
Hatolina
Iliomar
Laivai
Lospalos
Luro
Mehara
Tutuala
Bazartete
Laclubar
Laleia
Natarbora
Fatuberlio
Turiscai
Oecusse Municipality
Citrana
Nitibe
Oe Silo
Pante Macassar
Passabe
Beacu
Lacluta
Ossu
Uatolari
Atauro Island
Berau
Biquele
Arajuno
Bahía de Caráquez
Baños de Agua Santa
Durán
Macas
Nueva Loja
Piñas
Pintag
Quevedo
Quito (capital)
Santo Domingo de los Colorados
Shell Mera
Tulcán
Cities in order of population
Map of Egypt (World Gazetteer)
Egypt's New Urban Communities
New Urban Communities Authority - Contact Page
Charlene Tilton (b. December 1, 1958 in San Diego) is an American actress.
She acts mostly on television.
She has also acted in a few movies.
She is best known for playing Lucy Ewing on the CBS television series Dallas.
Robert Hutchings Goddard (1882-1945) was an American scientist who designed, built and fired rockets.
In 1918 he invented the bazooka for the United States Army.
On March 16, 1926, he launched the world's first liquid fueled rocket.
It reached a height of  at a speed of .
When he suggested that a rocket could travel fast enough to leave the Earth and reach the Moon, the newspapers made fun of him.
Many of his ideas, such as multi stage rockets, and the concept of escape velocity are now part of modern rocket science.
He has been called "the father of space flight."
Kimberly Alexis Bledel (September 16, 1981), is an American television and movie actress.
Her most notable acting is the television series Gilmore Girls.
She has also been in the movies Sin City and Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants.
Bledel is a Democrat and attended the 2012 Democratic National Convention in support of President Obama's re-election.
A near-threatened species is a conservation status given to species or lower taxa that may be endangered in the near future.
However, it does not mean that the species is threatened.
Here is a list of nearly threatened mammals.
Here is a list of nearly threatened birds.
Atoll fruit dove
Whistling fruit dove
White-crowned pigeon
:Category:IUCN Red List near threatened species for an alphabetical list
List of Near Threatened species as identified by the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
The sternum or breastbone, in vertebrate anatomy, is a flat bone.
In amphibians and reptiles it is normally shaped like a shield, often made of cartilage.
It is absent in both turtles and snakes.
In birds it is larger, and has large flight muscles attached to it.
Only in mammals does the sternum take on the longer form seen in humans.
Bombay High is an offshore oilfield, gas field and refinery.
It used to send its low sulphur crude oil to Mathura Oil Refinery.
But this factory was closed, so now it transports oil to other refineries.
It was founded by a Russian and an Indian oil exploration team.
The stump or tree stump is a small remaining part of the trunk with the roots still in the ground.
Stumps may show the ages of a tree through its rings.
The study of these rings is known as dendrochronology.
Sometimes stumps are able to grow again into new trees.
Sometimes a tree is cut to a stump on purpose to grow again.
This is known as "coppicing".
Buckley, G.P. 1992.
Ecology and Management of Coppice Woodlands.
Springer 336 pages,, .
Schenk, H.J., and R.B. Jackson.
The global biogeography of roots.
Ecological Monographs 72 (3): 311-328.
Stump harvesting in Sweden
Regeneration after stump harvesting
Stumps as a resource in Finland
Stump harvesting and forest decomposers
Space colonization is the idea of humans living outside of Earth permanently.
At present, there are no space colonies.
However, many people have put forward ideas and thought about the first space colony.
Some national space programs see space colonization as a long-term goal.
Building colonies in space would require access to water, food, space, people, building materials, energy, transportation, communications, life support, simulated gravity, radiation protection and money.
Launching things from Earth is expensive, so it is better if the materials come from the place of the colony.
Possible sites for space colonies include the Moon, Mars, asteroids and big, free-floating space stations.
Resources, such as solar energy and water, are available from or on the Moon, Mars, near-Earth asteroids or other planetary bodies.
People could use them to build the space colony and live there.
Mars is the most Earth-like planet known, so the colonization of Mars may be first.
Some celestial bodies might be terraformed.
This means changing a body's atmosphere, temperature, surface topography or ecology to be similar to the biosphere of Earth, so that humans can live there.
This iPhone is named "3GS".
The "S" in "iPhone 3GS" means "Speed".
The iPhone 3GS has better performance, allowing it to run faster and more efficiently.
It also has a higher quality camera that can take photos with higher resolution, as well as take videos with better quality.
It also adds the ability to use voice control, a function where users can talk into the phone to command actions on the phone.
The iPhone 3GS can also support faster downloading.
Dianthus superbus (also known as "large pinks"), a special kind of wild pink flowers which are native to the Japanese islands
Nadashiko Japan is the name of the women's national football team
Yamato nadeshiko, a Japanese term for a traditional ideal women or daughter of Japan
The Virgo Supercluster (Virgo SC) or Local Supercluster is the large galaxy cluster that contains the Virgo Cluster and the Local Group.
At least 100 galaxies and clusters are in it.
The diameter of Virgo SC is 33 megaparsecs (110 million light-years).
It is one of millions of superclusters in the observable universe.
In the 1950s, it was suggested that this excess was a large-scale galaxy-like structure, a "Local Supercluster".
Debate went on during the 1960s and 1970s as to whether the Local Supercluster (LS) was actually a structure or a chance alignment of galaxies.
Data released in June 2003 from a redshift survey lets astronomers compare the LS to other superclusters.
The LS represents a typical poor (that is, it lacks a high density core) supercluster of rather small size.
It has one rich galaxy cluster in the center, surrounded by filaments of galaxies and poor groups.
The Local Group is on the outskirts of the LS in a small filament extending from the Fornax Cluster to the Virgo Cluster.
The Virgo Supercluster's volume is about 7000 times that of the Local Group or 100 billion times that of the Milky Way.
Connie Stevens (born August 8, 1938 in Brooklyn, New York) is an American recording artist, singer and actress.
She acted in the television series Hawaiian Eye.
She was also in the sitcom Wendy and Me with George Burns.
is a Japanese term and a flower metaphor.
The term describes the "flower of Japanese womanhood" or what is generally believed to be typical and best about Japanese women.
It also means "traditional daughter of Japan".
The phrase combines the words Yamato, which is an ancient name for Japan, and nadeshiko, which is a wild pink carnation (dianthus superbus).
The phrase Yamato Nadeshiko means the traditional Japanese woman, and she is contrasted with other women such as the "new" type of Japanese woman.
As ideas about women have developed and changed, this term has meant different things at different times in history.
For example, the term had a special nationalistic meaning during World War II.
is the name for the Japan women's national football team.
There is less water on Mars compared to Earth.
Most of the water known is in the cryosphere (permafrost and polar caps).
There is no liquid water.
There is only a small amount of water vapor in the thin atmosphere.
The conditions on the planet's surface do not support the long-term existence of liquid water.
The average atmospheric pressure and temperature are far too low, which freezes water.
However, it seems Mars once had liquid water flowing on the surface.
This would make large areas like Earth's oceans.
There are a number of signs of water on or under the surface, now or in the distant past.
These include stream beds, polar caps, spectroscopic measurement, eroded craters.
Also, there are minerals which are often  formed when there is liquid water (such as goethite), grey, crystalline hematite, phyllosilicates, opal, and sulfate.
The Mars flybys such as Viking, Mars Odyssey, Mars Global Surveyor, Mars Express, and the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter had cameras.
They took pictures of what seem to be ancient lakes, ancient river valleys, and widespread glaciation.
An orbiting Gamma Ray Spectrometer found ice just under the surface of much of the planet.
Also, radar studies found ice that were thought to be glaciers.
The Phoenix lander showed ice on Mars when it was landing.
Phoenix also showed ice melting, snow falling, and even saw drops of liquid water.
Water found by probes
Many Mars flybys and probes have found evidence of water on planet Mars.
Mariner 9 found water erosion and deposition, weather fronts and fogs.
Viking 2 landed on Mars in its winter season and found frost.
The Mars Global Surveyor, which could detect ancient water, found that Mars has been dry for a very long time.
On December 6, 2006 NASA released photos of two craters called Terra Sirenum and Centauri Montes that showed liquid water at one point in 1999 and 2001.
Pathfinder found that water existed before on Mars.
Pathfinder confirmed that where it landed it is too cold for liquid water to be.
However, water could be in its liquid state if it were mixed with various salts.
Pathfinder also found evidence of clouds and maybe fog present in Mars.
Mars Odyssey found much more evidence for water on Mars.
The pictures taken by Odyssey confirmed that the ground is filled with ice.
In July 2003, at a conference in California, it was said that the Gamma Ray Spectrometer (GRS) onboard the Mars Odyssey had found large amounts of water over large areas of Mars.
Mars has enough ice just below the surface to fill Lake Michigan twice.
Liquid water found on Mars
On August 4, 2011, NASA said they found seasonal changes.
These changes were found in gullies near crater rims on the Southern hemisphere.
This shows that there is salty water flowing and then evaporating.
This leaves some sort of residue.
The Mars Ocean Hypothesis is a hypothesis that nearly a third of the surface of Mars was once covered by an ocean earlier in its history.
The ocean, which is called Oceanus Borealis, would have filled the Vastitas Borealis basin in the northern hemisphere.
The Vastitas Borealis is 4–5 km (2.5–3 miles) miles below the planetary elevation.
Oceanus Borealis dried up 3.8 billion years ago.
Early Mars would need a warmer climate and thicker atmosphere to let liquid water stay at the surface.
YouTube: Liquid Flowing Water Discovered on Mars
High resolution images of Mars—detailed observation of water signs
The Case of the Missing Mars Water
Wikinews articles about water on Mars
Dianthus superbus, also known as Large Pink, is a species of Dianthus native to Europe and northern Asia.
This flowering plant grows in Western Europe from northern Spain to  Norway.
The wild flower is also native across northern Asia, including China and Japan.
superbus
When Ujević was young, he thought to dedicate his life to politics.
After having been involved in various activities related to the nationalism of Yugoslavia between 1912 and 1916, he began a life with a bohemian style, developing a great interest in literature.
Lelek sebra/Cry of a slave, (1920)
Kolajna/Necklace, (1926)
Skalpel kaosa/Scalpel of chaos (1938)
Žedan kamen na studencu/Thirsty stone at the wellspring, (1954)
Auto na korzu/Car on the street
Croatian writers
Jesolo is a city in the region of Veneto in Italy.
Jesolo is known for its beach.
Ando was born in Utsunomiya on 9 July 1982.
In 2002, when she was a University of Tsukuba student, she left university club and joined Saitama Reinas FC (later Urawa Reds).
In 2002 season, she scored 10 goals and she was selected Young Player awards.
She became top scorer and she was selected MVP awards in 2004 and 2009.
She was also selected Best Eleven 6 times.
From 2010, she played for German Bundesliga club Duisburg, Frankfurt and Essen.
At Frankfurt, she won UEFA Champions League in 2014–15 season.
In June 2017, she returned to Japan and joined Urawa Reds.
In June 1999, when Ando was 16 years old, she was selected for the Japan national team for the 1999 World Cup.
At this competition, on 26 June, she debuted against Norway.
She played in the World Cup four times and in the Summer Olympics three times.
She was a member of the team that defeated the United States in a penalty shootout in the final to win the 2011 World Cup; Ando started the final.
She was also part of the Japanese team which won the silver medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics and second place at the 2015 World Cup.
At the 2015 World Cup, in the first match against Switzerland, she got a penalty kick, but she fractured her left ankle at that moment.
This match was her last as part of the Japan national team.
She played 126 games and scored 19 goals for Japan by 2015.
The Whitetip reef shark (Triaenodon obesus), is a species of requiem shark, and the only member of its genus.
The whitetip reef shark gets its name because of the white tips on its first dorsal fin and caudal fin.
This shark has a slim body, with a short, wide head, a blunt, flattened snout, and oval-shaped eyes.
The body is dark grey to brown in colour, and the underside is white.
The whitetip reef shark is widely distributed across the entire Indo-Pacific region, and is common along coral reefs, but is also found over sandy flats, in lagoons, and near drop-offs to deeper water.
This species of shark is viviparous, giving birth to 1-5 pups after a gestation period lasting up to 12 months.
The whitetip reef shark is currently listed as Near Threatened by the IUCN.
thumb|left|225px|The Whitetip reef shark has a flattened snout, flaps of skin infront of its nostrils, and oval eyes with vertical pupils
The whitetip reef shark has a slim body, and has a short, wide head.
The snout is flattened and blunt, and has large flaps of skin in front of the nostrils.
The eyes are small and oval-shaped, and have vertical pupils.
Along with the mouth which slants downwards, the visible brow ridges give this shark a permanent "disgusted" expression to its face.
The first dorsal fin is located well behind the pectoral fins.
The second dorsal fin is large, but smaller than the first dorsal.
The pectoral fins are wide and triangular in shape.
The anal fin is about as large as the second dorsal fin.
There is no interdorsal ridge (ridge between the two dorsal fins), and there are no lateral keels on the caudal penduncle.
The whitetip reef shark earns its common name for the white tips on the first dorsal fin and upper caudal fins.
The body is dark grey to brown, and the underside is white.
Small dark spots are sometimes present over the entire body.
The remaining fins may also have white tips, but not always.
The whitetip reef shark is sometimes confused with the Silvertip shark due to their similar appearances.
However, the silvertip shark is a much heavier species, and has a large first dorsal fin and a much smaller second dorsal fin.
Also, its caudal fin is lined with white, rather than tipped, as with the whitetip reef shark.
The whitetip reef shark is quite a small species of shark, growing to a maximum length of just under 7 feet (2.1 metres), however, individuals are rare at lengths over 5.2 feet (1.6 metres).
Males mature at about 3.4 feet (1.04 metres) long, and generally reach lengths of up to 5.5 feet (1.7 metres).
Females reach maturity at 3.4-3.6 feet (1.04-1.1 metres), and grow to at least 5.2 feet (1.6 metres).
Whitetip reef sharks weigh a maximum weight of 18 kg.
thumb|right|250px|The Whitetip reef shark is very common at coral reefs
The whitetip reef shark is widely distributed across the entire Indo-Pacific region.
In the Indian Ocean, it is found from northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa to the Red Sea and the Indian subcontinent, including Madagascar, Mauritius, the Comoros, the Aldabra Group, the Seychelles, Sri Lanka, and the Chagos Archipelago.
In the western and central Pacific, it occurs from off southern China, Taiwan, and the Ryukyu Islands, to the Philippines, Southeast Asia, and Indonesia, to northern Australia, and is also found around numerous islands in Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia, as far as Hawaii to the north, and the Pitcairn Islands to the southeast.
In the eastern Pacific, it occurs from Costa Rica to Panama, and off the Galápagos Islands.
The whitetip reef shark is found mainly at coral reefs, but it is also found over sandy flats, in lagoons, and near drop-offs to deeper water.
They prefer very clear water and rarely swim far from the bottom.
This species is most common at a depth of .
Sometimes, they may enter water less than 1 metre deep, and there is a record of a whitetip reef shark being captured from a depth of  in the Ryukyu Islands.
thumb|left|225px|The Whitetip reef shark spends most of the day laying still on the bottom
The whitetip reef shark is usually seen swimming in clear waters along coral reefs, and has been reported at depths to up to 1,083 feet (330 metres).
This species rarely swims to the surface, and is capable of lying motionless on the bottom for long periods of time.
During daylight hours, whitetip reef sharks form large groups in caves, sometimes appearing stacked up like a pile of logs.
The same sharks often return repeatedly to the same cave for long periods of time, changing location only periodically.
The whitetip reef shark is most active throughout the night.
During the night, the whitetip reef shark becomes very active, and searches for prey along the bottom.
When the shark finds a prey, it chases the prey into a crevice or small cave, trapping it.
The slim body, blunt snout, and tough skin helps the whitetip reef shark hunt successfully in these small spaces.
It feeds mainly on bony fish, including eels, squirrelfish, snappers, damselfish, parrotfish, surgeonfish, and triggerfish.
It also eats octopuses, crabs, and lobsters.
Whitetip reef sharks are viviparous, and after a gestation period which can last around 12 months, the females give birth to 1-5 pups, which range from 52-60 cm in length.
During mating, 1 to 11 males follow a female, until one of them gently nips the female's gill region.
If the female accepts the male, the male grasps one of the female's pectoral fins in his mouth, and mates with her.
Whitetip reef sharks reach maturity at around the age of 8 years, and live up to a maximum age of 25 years.
The whitetip reef shark is fished in the waters off Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka and Madagascar.
It is also believed to be fished in other waters across its range, but there is not a lot of information about this.
The meat and liver are sold for human consumption, despite the fact that the liver has been reported as toxic.
Although this shark is widely distributed, its restricted habitat, depth range, small litter size, and the long time to reach maturity means that the whitetip reef shark may become increasingly threatened to overfishing.
This shark is quite harmless to humans due to its easygoing nature and small teeth.
It avoids close contact with humans, swimming off when approached by swimmers or divers.
Since the whitetip reef shark is often attracted to food, divers have been able to hand feed individuals.
However, sometimes an individual will become overly excited by spearfishing or when bait is present, and might bite the diver.
This species is also known to bite if harassed.
The whitetip reef shark is widespread and quite abundant, and there is no legislation against fishing this species.
The whitetip reef shark project of Hawaii is currently researching this shark’s life history, movement patterns, and habitat range, in hope that this will help in the future management of the populations of this shark.
The Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO) have been working for years on the International Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of Sharks (IPOA-SHARKS).
However, the vast size of the oceans where the whitetip reef shark is found, and the difficulty of law enforcement in many areas, make the task of managing the conservation of this shark extremely difficult.
Iwabuchi began her international career in 2008 when she was selected onto the Japan U-17 national team at the age of 15, and participated in the 2008 U-17 World Cup in New Zealand.
The team was defeated in the quarterfinals but she was awarded the tournament's MVP (adidas Golden Ball).
A French team coach hailed her as a "future star of women's football."
Iwabuchi was also awarded the "Asian Young Footballer of the Year" by the Asian Football Confederation in 2008.
She joined the Japan national team for the EAFF Championship, held in early 2010, and debuted in the game against China.
She scored her first goal against the Chinese Taipei in the same competition.
In 2011, she played at the 2011 World Cup and Japan won the championship.
She played as a substitute in the final against United States.
She also played 2012 Summer Olympics and 2015 World Cup.
Japan won the 2nd place at both tournaments.
In 2018, at 2018 Asian Cup, she played full-time in all matches and scored 2 goals.
Japan won the championship and she was selected MVP awards.
Hola DNA Project
Mel Stuart (born Stuart Solomon; September 2, 1928 – August 9, 2012) was an American director and producer who is known for directing such movies as; Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory, Two is a Happy Number, and Running on the Sun: The Badwater 135.
Stuart's career would span for nearly 37 years which started in 1963 until his retirement in 2000.
Stuart was born on September 2, 1928 in New York City, New York.
Stuart was never married and had no children.
He was related to late TV producer David L. Wolper.
Stuart died on August 9, 2012 in his Beverly Hills, California home from cancer, he was 83 years old.
Stuart's first cousin was Stan Lee.
Four Days in November (1964)
If It's Tuesday, It Must Be Belgium (1969)
Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory (1971)
Two is a Happy Number (1972)
Wattstax (1974)
Brenda Starr (TV) (1976)
Welcome Back, Kotter (TV) (1977)
Ruby and Oswald (TV) (1978)
Mean Dog Blues (1978)
The Chisholms (TV) (1980)
Conrad Stafford Bain (February 4, 1923 – January 14, 2013) was a Canadian-American actor.
He was best known for his role as Phillip Drummond in the sitcom Diff'rent Strokes and as Dr. Arthur Harmon in Maude.
Bain had a twin brother, Bonar Bain.
Bain was born on February 4, 1923 in Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada to Jean Agnes Young and to Stafford Harrison Bain.
Bain was educated at Banff School of Fine Arts in Calgary, Alberta and at the American Academy of Dramatic Arts in New York City.
He became a United States citizen in 1946, before graduating in 1948.
He served in the Canadian Army during World War II.
His career started in 1956 in an episode of Studio One as Evans.
He later appeared in over 200 television programs.
He was mostly known for playing Phillip Drummond in Diff'rent Strokes with Gary Coleman.
Bain retired in 1996.<ref name="star">Conrad Bain at starpulse.com</ref>
Bain lived in an apartment in Livermore, California.
Bain was married Monica Sloan on September 8, 1945 until her death on February 26, 2009.
They had three children together, Jennifer, Kent, and Mark Bain.
On February 18, 2005, his brother Bonar died from cancer, aged 82.
Bain died on January 14, 2013 in his home in Livermore, California from complications following a stroke, aged 89.
Co-star Todd Bridges said the Bain was like a father figure to him.
Bain was soon cremated.
1996: The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air   .... Philip Drummond (1 episode, 1996)
1992: The Adventures of The Black Stallion ...Racing Legend (1 episode, 1992)
1990: Postcards from the Edge   .... Grandpa
1988: Mr. President   .... Charlie Ross (24 episodes, 1987–1988)
1985: The Love Boat   .... Charles Custers / ... (3 episodes, 1978–1985)
1981: Child Bride of Short Creek   (TV) .... Frank King
1979: C.H.O.M.P.S.   .... Ralph Norton
1979: The Facts of Life   .... Philip Drummond (1 episode, 1979)
1979: A Pleasure Doing Business   .... Herb
1978: Grandpa Goes to Washington   .... Robert Green (1 episode, 1978)
1978: The Waverly Wonders    .... Tate Sr. (
1 episode, 1978)
1978: Diff'rent Strokes   .... Phillip Drummond (189 episodes, 1978–1986)
1972: Maude   .... Dr. Arthur Harmon (118 episodes, 1972–1978)
1975: Twigs   (TV) .... Swede
1972: Up the Sandbox    .... Dr. Gordon
1972: A Fan's Notes    .... Poppy
1971: Who Killed Mary What's 'Er Name?
.... Val
1971: The Anderson Tapes   .... Dr. Rubicoff
1971: Bananas    .... Semple
1971: Jump    .... Lester Jump
1971: Men of Crisis: The Harvey Wallinger Story   (TV)
1970: The Edge of Night   TV series .... Dr. Charles Weldon #1 (unknown episodes, 1970)
1970: I Never Sang for My Father   .... Rev. Sam Pell
1970: Lovers and Other Strangers    (uncredited) .... Priest in confessional
1969: Last Summer   (uncredited) .... Sidney
1966: Dark Shadows    .... Hotel Clerk / ... (4 episodes, 1966–1968)
1968: Coogan's Bluff   .... Madison Avenue Man
1968: Star!
(uncredited) .... Second Salesman at Cartier's
1968: A Lovely Way to Die    .... James Lawrence
1968: Madigan   .... Hotel clerk
1967: N.Y.P.D.   .... Manager (1 episode, 1967)
1967: The Borgia Stick   (TV) .... Lawyer
1965: The Trials of O'Brien   .... District Attorney (1 episode, 1965)
1961: The Defenders    (1 episode, 1961)
1956: Studio One    .... Evans (1 episode, 1956)
Conrad Bain at Find a Grave
, also known as 'Aki, is a Japanese engineer and an astronaut with the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA).
He was born in 1968 in Tokyo, but grew up in New Jersey in the United States.
He studied at the United World College of South East Asia in Singapore.
In 1992, he earned a degree  from Keio University in Japan.
In 1997, he was awarded a Master of Science degree at the University of Houston in Texas.
Japan's National Space Development Agency (NASDA) accepted Hoshide into the astronaut training program in 1999.
He first trip to the International Space Station was in May 2008.
His second trip to the International Space Station was in July 2012.
Akihiko Hoshide at NASA.gov
Akihiko Hoshide at Spacefacts.de
The right of nations to self-determination (from ), or with less words, self-determination  is the idea that nations  have the right to choose their sovereignty (who or what rules them) and international political status without other countries telling them.
Most of the world used to be ruled by empires (really big countries with more than one ethnic group, usually with one group having a lot of power over the others), and many of the countries that the empires ruled were considered colonies of the empire, but after The first World War (1914-1919), and especially the second World War (1929-1945), most of these empires collapsed (fell apart) and local populations (people living in the "colonies" native to the area) began to want independence and their country to be ruled by them, not someone very far away who they thought was mistreating them.
Lots of nationalist movements arose in these countries, usually in Asia, Africa, and the Middle East, because people usually considered themselves as a separate group than the one who ruled them (for example, Arabs, not British, when the British Empire had ruled a lot of Arabia).
The Football at the 1988 Summer Olympics was held in South Korea.
The tournament was on September 17 to October 1, 1988.
(Host nation)
Top scorer :  Romário (7 goals)
1988 in association football
or NASDA,  was one Japan's national space agencies from 1969 to 2003.
In  2003, NASDA merged with the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) and the National Aerospace Laboratory of Japan (NAL).
The three groups became one Independent Administrative Institution called the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA).
"Space Programs" at Society of Japanese Aerospace Companies (SJAC)
He was best known for playing of Cochise in the American television series Broken Arrow, Kane in the 1979-81 series Buck Rogers in the 25th Century, Commander Kang on three different Star Trek TV series, Deputy U.S. Marshal Sam Buckhart on the NBC series, Law of the Plainsman, and the voice for villain character Mr. Freeze in the Emmy Award winning series Batman: The Animated Series, The New Batman Adventures, Batman & Mr. Freeze: SubZero, and Batman Beyond.
Ansara was born in a small village in Syria and moved to Lowell, Massachusetts.
He was educated at the Los Angeles City College.
Ansara starred in his own ABC-TV series, Law of the Plainsman (1959–60), with Gina Gillespie and Robert Harland.
He performed as an Apache Indian named Sam Buckhart who had been appointed as a U.S. Marshal.
The series began as an episode of The Rifleman.
In 1961, he appeared as Carl in the episode "Night Visitors" of the NBC anthology series The Barbara Stanwyck Show.
Ansara also played in the Biblical epics The Robe (1953) as Judas Iscariot, The Ten Commandments (1956) as a taskmaster (uncredited), and The Greatest Story Ever Told (1965) as Herod's commander.
He also appeared as Belshazzar in Columbia's 1953 movie Slaves of Babylon.
Guest starred with Kurt Russell in an episode of the 1960's series "Lost in Space".
Ansara did voice-acting as Mr. Freeze in Batman: The Animated Series as well as the animated movie Batman & Mr. Freeze: SubZero, an episode of both New Batman Adventures and Batman Beyond.
He also voiced Mr. Freeze in the video game Batman Vengeance.
Ansara was nominated for an Academy of Science Fiction Award.
He won a Western Heritage Award for Rawhide.
He received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for both movies and television.
Ansara was married to Jean Byron from 1955 until they divorced in 1956.
He was married to Barbara Eden from 1958 until 1974.
They had a son, Matthew Ansara, who died in 2001.
He married Beverly Kushida in 1977.
Syrian people
Stacey Lauretta Dash (born January 20, 1966) is an American television and movie actress.
She usually acts in sitcoms and comedy related movies.
Her most notable television program works include The Cosby Show and The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air.
Her movies include Clueless (1995) and Mo' Money (1992).
Some sources say Dash was born January 20, 1966 with others mentioning that she was born in either 1967 or 1968.
Dash was born in The Bronx, New York City.
Brussels sprouts are a green vegetable.
They are small cabbages that can be used for salads or other recipes.
They have almost the same nutrition as cabbage in carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
As with other cabbages, they can be either steamed or roasted.
They have a lot of fiber.
Tamera Darvette Mowry (born July 6 1978) is an American actress who first gained fame through the sitcom Sister, Sister.
She has also been in other TV works and in multiple movies (particularly comedy movies.
Her sister Tia was born exactly the same day.
Tia Mowry (born July 6, 1978) is an American actress and former singer who, similar to her sister Tamera Mowry, first became famous as a result of the sitcom Sister, Sister in the 1990s.
She also does other television related works and movie projects.
Niall James Horan (born 13 September 1993) is an Irish singer and songwriter.
He was best known as a member of the boy band One Direction.
In 2016, Horan signed a recording deal as a solo artist with Capitol Records.
Horan has also been known for his relaxing, and upbeat style of music.
Official website of One Direction
Apollo 6 was a space flight launched on April 4, 1968.
It was the second mission of the United States Apollo program and last unmanned test flight of its Saturn V launch vehicle.
It was also the last unmanned Apollo flight.
It was an A-Type mission.
It was to show that the Saturn V could carry the weight of the Apollo fast enough and far enough into space to make a flight to the Moon possible.
It was also designed to show that the Apollo Command Module's heat shield could survive the high speed re-entry into the Earth's atmosphere.
The project was designed to fly into space at the necessary speeds, turn around, and return in about 10 hours.
However problems in the fuel lines of several Saturn V second and third stage engines stopped it from reaching the speeds Apollo would need to reach the Moon.
It was able to test the return speeds by using the Apollo spacecraft's engine.
This had been done with Apollo 4, the first Saturn V test.
Despite the engine failures, the flight gave NASA enough confidence in the Saturn V to use it for manned launches.
Since Apollo 4 had also tested the heat shield at a full speed re-entry, a third unmanned flight was cancelled.
Apollo 6 would test the Saturn V launch vehicle's ability to send the entire Apollo craft to the Moon.
It would also test the stress a launch would put on the Lunar Module.
It would also measure how much vibration there would be with a Saturn V with an almost full load.
The Lunar Module was a test vehicle and only weighed , about 80% of the proper Lunar Module of ().
Also, the CSM was only fueled to a weight of  instead of the lunar mission weight of .
Vehicle assembly
The first stage of the Saturn V, S-IC, the third stage, S-IVB, and the Instrument Unit computer, arrived by boat on March 13, 1967.
The first stage was put together in the Vehicle Assembly Building (VAB) four days later.
The S-II second stage was delivered two months later.
Scientist used a dumbbell-shaped spacer so testing could proceed.
This had the same height and mass as the S-II along with all the electrical connections.
The S-II arrived May 24.
It was put into the rocket on July 7.
Testing was slow as they were still getting the Saturn V ready for Apollo 4.
While the building could hold four Saturn V rockets, there were not enough people or equipment to work on more than one at a time.
The Command and Service Module, a Block I model, as flown on three other unmanned tests, arrived September 29 and was added on December 10.
It was made from two existing spacecraft, the CM-020 and SM-014.
CM-020 had been damaged in an explosion.
CM-014 had been taken apart as part of the investigation into the Apollo 1 fire.
After two months of testing and repairs, the rocket was moved to the pad on February 6, 1968.
While Apollo 4 had a perfect flight, Apollo 6 had problems right from the start.
Two minutes into the flight, the rocket experienced severe Pogo oscillations for about 30 seconds.
Various parts of the rocket began to vibrate like a tuning fork.
This included the fuel pipes.
These vibrations caused damage to the part that joined the Command Module and Lunar Module to the Saturn V. Several pieces fell off during the launch.
After the first stage was finished, the S-II second stage began to have its own problems.
Engine number two (of five) had problems 225 seconds after liftoff.
It got worse at 319 seconds, and then at 412 seconds the engine shut down.
Two seconds later Engine Number Three shut down as well.
The onboard computer was able to make changes and the other engines burned for 58 seconds longer than normal.
The S-IVB third stage also had to burn for 29 seconds longer than usual.
The S-IVB also did not work properly.
Because of the launch problems, the rocket did not reach the planned height.
After two orbits, the third stage, S-IVB would not restart.
It was decided to use the Apollo Service Module engines to get the spacecraft into a higher orbit, as had been done in Apollo 4.
It burned for 442 seconds (longer than it would ever fire on a lunar mission) to get to the planned  height.
There was not enough fuel to speed up the atmospheric reentry.
The spacecraft only entered the atmosphere at a speed of  instead of the planned  of a lunar return.
However, this had been demonstrated on Apollo 4.
Ten hours after launch, it landed  from the planned touchdown point in the North Pacific Ocean north of Hawaii, and was lifted on board the USS Okinawa.
Although Apollo 6 did not reach the speeds in either direction, it was considered successful enough to fly astronauts on the next Saturn V. This would orbit the Moon instead of the planned Earth orbit for Apollo 8.
Instead, the next flight, Apollo 7, which did not use a Saturn V, tested a manned Apollo module in Earth orbit.
Causes and fixes of problems
The cause of the vibrations during the first stage of the flight was well known.
However, it had been thought that the rocket had been 'detuned'.
The solution was to add helium gas to the pipes and pumps to act as a shock absorber.
This did not completely fix the vibration problem, and it caused the engines to shut down on the Apollo 13 flight.
A fuel pipe carrying liquid hydrogen had broken because of the vibration, caused the two engines in the second stage to stop working.
The engines were burning just liquid oxygen which caused them to overheat.
This led to the engines shutting down.
The liquid oxygen supply was turned off which then meant engine three was shut down as well.
The problem was fixed by replacing a flexible section of pipe with a loop of stainless steel pipe.
The join between the Saturn V and the Apollo modules had a honeycomb like cell structure.
The cells expanded because of trapped water and air as the rocket got faster.
The solution was to drill small holes in the surface to allow for the expansion.