the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
projectchicago.org entry: Wrigley Building
Conrad Davis Totman (born January 5, 1934) is an American historian, academic, writer, translator and Japan studies expert.
Totman is a retired professor at Yale University.
Totman was born in Conway, Massachusetts.
He studied at the University of Massachusetts.
He was granted a Ph.D. in Asian history at Harvard University in 1964.
Totman taught Japanese history at the University of California at Santa Barbara, at Northwestern University, and at Yale.
He retired from Yale in 1997.
Politics in the Tokugawa bakufu, 1600-1843, 1967
The collapse of the Tokugawa bakufu, 1862-1868, 1980
Japan before Perry: a short history, 1981
Tokugawa Ieyasu, shogun: a biography, 1983
The origins of Japan's modern forests: the case of Akita, 1985
The green archipelago: forestry in preindustrial Japan, 1989
Tokugawa Japan: the social and economic antecedents of modern Japan, 1990
Early Modern Japan, 1993
The lumber industry in early modern Japan, 1995
A History of Japan, 2000
Pre-industrial Korea and Japan in environmental perspective, 2004
Japan's imperial forest, Goryorin, 1889-1945: with a supporting study of the Kan/Min division of woodland in early Meiji Japan, 1871-76, 2007
Yale faculty website
Gregory James Smits (born 1960) is an American historian, academic, writer and Japan studies expert.
He is a professor of Japanese history at Pennsylvania State University.
Smits was born 1960 in Columbia, Missouri.
He was earned an undergraduate degree at the University of Florida in 1983.
He was awarded a Masters Degree at the University of Hawaii at Manoa.
He was granted a Ph.D. at the University of Southern California.
The sages' scale in Japan: Nakae Tōju (1608-1648) and situational weighing, 1991
Visions of Ryukyu identity and ideology in early-modern thought and politics, 1999
Jahana Noboru: Ikinawan activist and scholar, 2002
The politics of culture in early twentieth century Okinawa, 2006
Economic thought in early modern Japan, 2010
Smits faculty website
John Charles Patrick Croghan Daly (February 20, 1914 – February 24, 1991) was an American journalist, personality, actor, and game show host.
He was known for hosting What's My Line.
He was also the Vice President of ABC during the 1950s.
He was the son-in-law of Chief of Justice Earl Warren.
Daly was born on February 20, 1914 in Johannesburg, South Africa to an American family.
His parents were on a trip in Johannesburg when he was born.
After his father died, Daly and his mother moved to Boston, Massachusetts.
Daly studied at the Tilton School and at Boston College.
He was married to Margaret Griswell Neal from 1937 until they divorced in 1959 or 1960.
Then he was married to Virginia Warren from 1960 until his death in 1991.
Virginia was the daughter of Chief Justice Earl Warren.
Daly died on February 24, 1991 in his home in Chevy Chase, Maryland from cardiac arrest, four days after his 77th birthday.
Biography on TV.com
Robert Trout discusses the CBS newscast of December 7, 1941
John Charles Daly at Find a Grave
Elaine Stritch (February 2, 1925 – July 17, 2014) was an American actress and vocalist.
She was known for her role as Colleen Donaghy in 30 Rock.
Stritch was nominated for five Tony Awards.
She won three Emmy Awards and two Drama Desk Awards.
Stritch was born on February 2, 1925 in Detroit, Michigan to an Irish-Welsh family.
She studied at The New School in New York City.
Stritch was married to John Bay from 1973 until his death in 1982.
She lived in Birmingham, Michigan.
Just A Minute Transcript
The Drama Desk Awards are theatre awards.
They are given every year in a number of categories.
They are the only major New York theatre honors in which productions on Broadway, Off-Broadway, and Off-Off-Broadway compete against each other in the same category.
Presented since 1955, they are thought as one of the most important American theatre awards along with the Tony Award.
Sometimes, after a person commits suicide (kills themself), other people will copy them and also kill themselves.
This is called copycat suicide.
People may commit copycat suicide after a person they know commits suicide, or after hearing about a suicide through television or other media.
After a famous suicide, there may be more copycat suicides.
This is called the Werther effect.
Sudden rises in copycat suicides can spread through a home, schools, or even across an entire country.
These are called cluster suicides.
His ministry reaches over seven million broadcast media viewers weekly in over 100 nations around the world.
His first book, “Your Best Life Now” has sold 5 million copies.
Lakewood Church now occupies the former Compaq Center, once home to the NBA’s Houston Rockets.
The venue seats 16,000 people.
Osteen was born on March 5, 1963 in Houston, Texas.
He has been married to Victoria Osteen since 1987.
He lives in Houston, Texas.
In August 2017, Osteen received significant backlash on social media after he did not initially open Lakewood Church as an emergency shelter following Hurricane Harvey.
A post on the church's Facebook page and an Instagram post by associate pastor John Gray, which was later deleted, claimed that flooded highways had made the church inaccessible.
Official Joel Osteen Ministries
Richard John Kind (born November 22, 1956) is an American actor.
He is known for his roles in Mad About You (as Dr. Mark Devanow) and in Spin City (as Paul Thomas Lassiter).
Kind was born on November 22, 1956 in Trenton, New Jersey to a Jewish family.
He grew up in Bucks County, Pennsylvania.
Kind studied at Pennsbury High School and at Northwestern University.
He married Dana Stanley in 1999.
Kind now lives in Santa Monica, California and in Chicago, Illinois.
Fairfield Arts & Convention Center
Revelstoke is a city in the Canadian province of British Columbia.
Revelstoke is in southeastern in British Columbia and is 641 kilometers (398 mi) east of Vancouver.
The population of Revelstoke was 7,139 in 2011.
The mayor of Revelstoke is David Raven.
The Canadian Pacific Railway opened in the 1880s and ran through Revelstoke.
The city was originally named Farwell after one of the local land owner and surveyors.
It was then renamed Revelstoke after Lord Revelstoke, head of Baring Brothers & Co. The city of Revelstoke holds the Canadian record for snowiest single winter when 2447 cm (80 feet) of snow fell on Mt.Copeland outside town during winter of 1971-72.
Clive Selsby Revill (born 18 April 1930) is a New Zealand-born British actor who is best known for his roles in Avanti!,
A Fine Madness, The Assassination Bureau, and in The Pickwick Papers.
He also voiced Alfred Pennyworth in Batman: The Animated Series and Emperor Palpatine in Star Wars Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back.
He was nominated for an Golden Globe Award for his role in Avanti!.
Revill was born in Wellington, New Zealand to British parents.
He was married to Valerie Nelson from 1970 until they divorced in 1977.
Then he was married to Suzi Schor from 1978 until they divorced in 1988.
They had one daughter, Kate Selsby.
Revill now lives in Los Angeles, California.
Clive Revill at Film Reference
Ronald P. Toby (1942 —   )  is an American historian, academic, writer and Japan studies expert.
Korean-Japanese Diplomacy in 1711: Sukchong's Court and the Shogun's Title, 1974
The Early Tokugawa Bakufu and Seventeenth Century Japanese Relations with East Asia, 1977
State and Diplomacy in Early Modern Japan: Asia in the Development of the Tokugawa Bakufu, 1983
Emergence of Economic Society in Japan, 1600-1870, 2004, with Hayami Akira and Osamu Saitō
Kindergarten Cop is a 1990 American criminal comedy movie.
It is about 2 undercover cops from Los Angeles pretending to be teachers at an elementary school in Astoria, Oregon to find the ex-wife of a drug dealer, who wants to kidnap their son.
Arnold Schwarzenegger, Penelope Ann Miller, Pamela Reed, Richard Tyson, Carroll Baker, Linda Hunt and Matthew Lillard are in the cast.
The movie was released in December 1990.
However, the movie earned over $200 million at the box office, making the movie very successful.
The Division of Bendigo is an Australian Electoral Division in Victoria.
The division was created in 1900 first federal election in 1901.
In the early years was covered only Bendigo, but on later boundaries the seat has included towns such as Echuca, Castlemaine, Maryborough and Seymour.
It now includes Bendigo, Castlemaine, Kyneton and Maldon.
Bendigo has often been held by both the Australian Labor Party and the conservative parties.
Bendigo has had 15 members, the second-highest number (with Denison) of any federal electorate.
Famous members have been its first member, Sir John Quick, who was a leading federalist, and Prime Minister Billy Hughes.
Hughes, who came from Sydney, represented Bendigo for two terms at a time when the federal Parliament met in Melbourne.
John Brumby, who held the seat from 1983 to 1990, later became Premier of Victoria.
Division of Bendigo – Australian Electoral Commission
Lisa Chesters' website
The Holyland Model of Jerusalem is a model of Old City of Jerusalem from the period of the Second Temple.
It was first held in the Holyland Hotel in Jerusalem.
It was opened in 1966, together with other models of ancient structure models of Israel.
In 2006 the model was moved to a new site in the Israel Museum.
Israeli museum website
T.O.P. or Choi Seung-hyun (born November 4, 1987) is a Korean entertainer.
He is a Top rapper, singer, songwriter, model, and actor.
He was born on November 4, 1987.
He is the oldest member of Big Bang.
The Shrine of the Book (, ) is a famous building in the Israel Museum in Jerusalem.
It shows the Dead Sea scrolls that were discovered in 1947 at Khirbet Qumran by the Archaeologist Dr. Yigael Yadin.
The Shrine of the Book  at the Israel Museum, Jerusalem
The Shrine of the Book
Walytjatjata (also spelled Walytjatjara) is a place in the Northern Territory of Australia that is culturally important to the Pitjantjatjara Aboriginal community.
It is located in the far south of the Territory, about  away from the border with South Australia.
It is surrounded to the north by the western hills of the Mann Ranges.
An outstation was built here in the 1980s, although nobody currently lives there permanently.
Most of the families associated with the place live in Pipalyatjara, about  to the south-east.
The houses there are sometimes used for hunting, foraging, painting and cultural events.
Nearby are several rockholes and a sacred rock formation that is associated with the .
The name  refers to something having an owner in Pitjantjatjara.
Walytjatjata on the Northern Territory Place Names Register
QVC is a multinational group that represents shopping at home.
The name QVC means Quality, Value and Convenience.
The group are a television network that runs 24 hours a day and seven days per week.
Celebrities on QVC have included Rachael Ray, Susan Lucci and Joan Rivers.
This network specializes primarily in fashion, shoes and clothing.
QVC serves almost 235 million customers in six countries.
It was founded by Joseph Segel.
The Home Shopping Network, or HSN, are a major American television group that sell primarily fashion, jewelry, shoes and clothing, although they may sometimes sell other products.
HSN were launched in 1982, though did not become national until around 1985.
HSN services are broadcasted in several countries around the world.
An evening gown is a fancy dress.
It is usually worn to parties or formal dinners.
These dresses are usually floor-length dresses
Gloria Elizabeth Reuben (born June 9, 1964) is a Canadian actress and singer.
She acts in both television series and movies.
Reuben played Elizabeth Keckley in the 2012 movie Lincoln.
She played Jeanie Boulet in the medical drama ER.
Reuben was born in Toronto, Ontario.
Wikivoyage is a free travel and tourism guide on the web.
It is written by volunteer authors using a wiki.
Anyone can edit articles.
The name "Wikivoyage" is a combination of the words "wiki" and "voyage", the French word for travel, journey, or trip.
Wikivoyage started publicly in December 2006 as a German-language version that was supported by German and Swiss authors.
It was owned by a German non-profit association named Wikivoyage e.V. The Italian version started in December 2007.
In 2012, the content of Wikitravel in other languages was copied to Wikivoyage.
At the same time Wikivoyage became hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation (WMF), a non-profit organization that hosts other wikis such as Wikipedia.
Wikivoyage was officially re-launched by Wikimedia on January 15, 2013.
At that time Wikivoyage was available in German, Italian, English, French, Dutch, Russian, Swedish, Portuguese and Spanish languages.
The English version is the biggest, with more than 27,400 articles in September 2016.
Wikivoyage is written by the collaboration of Wikivoyagers from around the world.
Articles cover different levels of geography, from continents to districts of a city.
Articles mostly consist of: destinations, itineraries, phrasebooks, and travel topics.
Continental sections (like Southeast Asia)
Regions within countries (provinces, counties, states, groups of states etc.)
Cities of any size, including small villages if they are tourist destinations
Districts within large cities
National parks provided they have accommodation for the traveller
An itinerary describes a list of destinations and attractions to visit during a specific amount of time, with recommendations of how long to stay and routes to follow.
Itineraries usually have a well-defined path.
Phrasebooks
An overview of a language, giving a brief history, where it is spoken, how many speakers, the alphabet or symbols, and other general information on the language.
A pronunciation guide, with a description of each written symbol in the language (that is, its alphabet), and a pronunciation note for each symbol.
A phrase list.
Each entry includes the word or phrase being translated, the spelling in the local language symbols as it would be seen written down, and a pronunciation cue.
Travel topics
Travel topics include the following: Something that is too large or too detailed to go in a destination article.
General travel information that applies to many destinations.
Major events that occur in different places.
Specialist information such as scuba-diving sites.
Wikivoyage in English
Wikivoyage in many languages
RR Lyrae is a pulsating variable star in the constellation Lyra.
It is the model for the variable stars known as RR Lyrae variables.
It pulses over a short cycle of 13 hours, 36 minutes.
Each radial pulsation causes the radius of the star to vary between 5.1 and 5.6 times the Sun's radius.
RR Lyrae and its type are pulsating stars of spectral class A (and rarely F), with a mass of around half the Sun's.
It is thought they previously shed mass and consequently, they were once stars with similar or slightly less mass than the Sun, about 0.8 solar masses.
RR Lyrae stars pulse in a manner similar to Cepheid variables, so the mechanism for the pulsation is thought to be similar.
The nature and histories of these stars is thought to be rather different.
Unlike Cepheids, RR Lyraes are old, low mass, metal-poor "Population II" stars.
They are much more common than Cepheids, but also much less luminous.
The average absolute magnitude of an RR Lyrae is about 0.75, only 40 or 50 times brighter than our Sun.
Their period is shorter, typically less than one day, sometimes ranging down to seven hours.
The relationship between pulsation period and absolute magnitude of RR Lyraes makes them good standard candles for relatively near objects, especially within the Milky Way.
They are extensively used in globular cluster studies, and also used to study chemical properties of older stars.
Knowing the period-luminosity relation for local RR Lyrae-type variable stars allows the distance of more distant stars of this type to be determined.
The distance of RR Lyrae remained uncertain until 2002 when the Hubble Space Telescope was used to fix its distance within a 5% margin of error.
The result was .
When combined with measurements from the Hipparcos satellite and other sources, the result is a distance estimate of .
Rosalind Russell (June 4, 1907 – November 28, 1976) was an American actress who acted in lots of stage plays and many movies.
She played a fast talking newspaper reporter in the 1940 screwball movie His Girl Friday and Mame Dennis in the movie Auntie Mame.
Russell was born in Connecticut.
She died from breast cancer at age sixty-nine in Beverly Hills, California.
L'Osservatore Romano is the official newspaper of the Holy See.
It is not used for official publications, they appear in Acta Apostolicae Sedis.
L'Osservatore Romano is published daily, in Italian.
There are also weekly or monthly editions in many other languages.
The Holy See – L'Osservatore Romano
L'Osservatore Romano site index
The origins of L'Osservatore Romano
"Mirrors" is a 2013 song by American singer Justin Timberlake.
The song is on his third studio album The 20/20 Experience. "
Mirrors" was released 11 February 2013.
It is a supermassive black hole of 4.100 ± 0.034 million solar masses.
It powers the compact radio source Sagittarius A*.
It is  away from Earth in the direction of the constellations Sagittarius, Ophiuchus, and Scorpius where the Milky Way appears brightest.
Enterococci are Gram-positive cocci that often occur in pairs or short chains.
They look like streptococci.
Two species are regular gut flora organisms in the intestines of humans: E. faecalis (90-95%) and E. faecium (5-10%).
Physiology and classification
Enterococci are "facultative anaerobic organisms".
This means they can live in both oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor environments.
Members of the genus Enterococcus were classified as Group D Streptococcus until 1984.
Genomic DNA analysis showed they were a separate genus.
Important infections caused by Enterococcus include urinary tract infections, bacterial endocarditis, diverticulitis, and meningitis.
Sensitive strains of these bacteria can be treated with ampicillin, penicillin and vancomycin.<ref name=Baron>{{cite book | author = Pelletier LL Jr. | title = Microbiology of the circulatory system.
in: Baron S et al. (
eds) Baron's Medical Microbiology.
| edition = 4th | publisher = Univ of Texas Medical Branch | year = 1996 | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=mmed.section.5077 | isbn = 0-9631172-1-1 }}</ref> Urinary tract infections can be treated by antibiotics, but many virulent strains of Enterococcus'' are resistant.
From a medical standpoint, an important feature of this genus is the high level of intrinsic antibiotic resistance.
This rules out some important antibiotics.
Mycoplasma is a genus of bacteria.
They do not have a cell wall around their cell membrane.
They are gram-negative, and need sterols such as cholesterol for growth.
Many common antibiotics such as penicillin that target cell walls do not affect mycoplasma.
Mycoplasma are the smallest bacterial cells yet discovered.
They are typically about 0.1  µm in diameter.
Many species are parasitic, pathogenic or saprophytic, and can survive without oxygen.
In humans, M. genitalium causes urethritis, and M. pneumoniae is a common cause of pneumonia.
Some live as saprophytes but the majority are parasites of plants and animals.
The parasitic nature is due to the inability of mycoplasmal bacteria to synthesise the required growth factor.
Micropaleontology (also sometimes spelled as micropalaeontology) is the branch of paleontology that studies microfossils.
Microfossils are fossils generally not larger than four millimeters, and commonly smaller than one millimeter.
A microscope is used to study them.
Every kingdom of organisms is represented in the microfossil record.
Microfossils can provide important information about the ecology in the past.
People who study micropaleontology are called micropaleontologists.
Taxonomy and statistics are important parts of micropaleontology.
Microfossils are most common in sediment that forms beneath water, particularly ocean water or lake water.
Very old microfossils may be found in rock.
Special techniques are used to separate microfossils from rock.
For example, the shells of diatoms and some other organisms are made of silica; other materials in the rock can sometimes be removed with acid, leaving just the silica shells.
Micropaleontology can be divided into four areas of study.
The different areas of study  use different techniques to separate the microfossils.
This is because the microfossils are made of different minerals:
Silicon dioxide, for example in the shells of diatoms,
Chalk, for example in the shells of coccoliths and foraminifera,
Phosphate, for example in bones of vertebrates,
Organic compounds, for example in pollen and spores.
Palynology is the study of very small natural particles.
The word literally means the "study of dust".
A palynologist is someone whose job is to identify what the particles are.
Samples of particles can come from the air or water or soil or rocks.
They could be organic and inorganic.
Micropaleontology is a related area of study; it involves very small fossils.
A palynologist uses a microscope.
They may also use chemical tests to find out what a particle is made of.
The methods used to study fossils in micropaleontology and in palynology are often different.
Micropaleontology often involves breaking and dissolving rocks.
Palynology often involves soil or sediment.
The main work of a palynologist is to identify each particle.
Many different kinds of particles might be in the same sample.
algae with hard shells such as Diatoms, Dinoflagellates, golden algae
spores from plants, fungi, or bacteria
small seeds
pieces of larger organisms
tiny fossils
When the palynologist knows what particles are present in a sample, they may be able to say what the temperature or environmental chemistry was like where the sample came from.
They may also be able to say where the sample came from.
Palynology is also very important in the study of climate history.
In bodies of water such as lakes, ponds, and the ocean, sediment builds up slowly, so that the oldest sediment is at the bottom.
There are ways to take a sample of the sediment that doesn't disturb the layers (either using a tube, or by freezing).
In glacial lakes, the sediment may have varves, which are two layers per year that are different colours.
If there are varves, a lot of detailed information can be discovered in a core sample.
Delta Cephei (δ Cep, δ Cephei) is a binary star system about 887 light-years away in the northern constellation of Cepheus, the King.
At this distance, the apparent magnitude of the star is reduced by 0.23 as a result of gas and dust along the line of sight.
Delta Cephei, found by John Goodricke in 1784, was only the second Cepheid variable discovered.
It is very important because its distance is extremely well known.
This is partly because it is in a star cluster,<ref
A Hipparchus census of the nearby OB associations.
Astronomical Journal  117 (1): 354–399.
</ref> close enough for the precise Hubble Space Telescope/Hipparcos parallaxes to give a good result.
As a result, it is known as a "fundamental distance calibrator", or absolute candle.
Delta Cephei is a classical, or type I, Cepheid variable.
Delta Cephei is emitting around 2,000 times the Sun's luminosity.
This is producing a strong stellar wind, which, with the pulsations and shocks in the star's atmosphere, is ejecting mass at the rate of  masses per year.
This is the equivalent to the mass of the Sun roughly every million years.
The matter is flowing outward at a velocity of about 350 km s–1.
This expelled gas forms a nebula about one parsec across, centered on Delta Cephei, and contains 0.07–0.21 solar masses of neutral hydrogen.
A bow shock is being formed where the stellar wind is colliding with the surrounding interstellar medium.
The quantum state of something is a mathematical tool that describes everything that can be physically measured about that thing.
For example, the quantum state of a hydrogen atom, has all the physical information one can get from measuring a hydrogen atom, like its position, momentum, energy, angular momentum, spin, and so forth.
Lønning was born on 20 February 1938 in Fana, Bergen, Norway.
He was raised in Oslo, Norway.
Lønning studied at the University of Oslo.
He served as a councilman in Oslo.
Lønning died on 24 March 2013 from an illness after going on a trip in Beitostølen, Norway, aged 75.
Profile in Nordic Council
Saguia el Hamra was one of the two territories that made up the territory Western Sahara, when it was under Spanish rule, until 1978.
At that time, Western Sahara was called Sahara Occidental.
It makes up the northern part of the territory, that extends from about 26° northern longitude, to about 27° 50'.
It covers an area of roughly .
It is named after the river Saguia el Hamra, which only exists during part of the year - a wadi.
During the rainy season, it turns into a lake, located near the capital, El Aaiún.
The other territory was called Río de Oro
Spanish Africa
Frank Thornton (Frank Thornton Ball; 15 January 1921 – 16 March 2013) was an English actor.
He is best known for his roles as Captain Peacock in Are You Being Served?
and in its sequel Grace & Favour (Are You Being Served Again), and as Truly in Last of the Summer Wine.
Thornton was born on 15 January 1921 in Dulwich, London, England.
He studied at Alleyn's School and at the London School of Dramatic Art.
Thornton was married to Beryl Jane Margaret Evans from 1945 until his death in 2013.
They had a daughter, Jane Thornton.
He died on 16 March 2013 in his home in Barnes, London, England from natural causes, aged 92.
Frank Thornton recalls his appearance on This Is Your Life
The jackdaw is a large bird, a member of the crow family Corvidae.
It is black, with the back of the head grey.
The jackdaw is common over the whole of Europe and much of Asia.
It is mostly a resident, although northern and eastern populations migrate south in winter.
It is about  in length,
The jackdaw is gregarious and vocal, living in small groups with a complex social structure.
It is found in farmland, open woodland, on coastal cliffs, and in urban settings.
Jackdaws are omnivorous and opportunistic.
They eat a wide variety of plant material and invertebrates, as well as food waste from urban areas.
Jackdaws are monogamous and build simple nests of sticks in cavities in trees, cliffs, or buildings.
About five pale blue or blue-green eggs with brown speckles are laid and incubated by the female.
The young fledge in four to five weeks.
In his book King Solomon's Ring, Konrad Lorenz described and analysed the complex social interactions in a Jackdaw flock which lived around his house in Altenberg, Austria.
He ringed them for identification and caged them in the winter to prevent their annual migration.
Lorenz found that the birds have a hierarchy, with higher-ranked birds dominating lower-ranked birds.
Pair-bonded birds share the same rank.
Young males establish their individual status before pairing with females.
Unmated females are the lowest members in the pecking order, and are the last to have access to food and shelter.
Lorenz noted one case in which a male, absent during the dominance struggles and pair bondings, returned to the flock, became the dominant male, and chose one of two unpaired females for a mate.
This female immediately assumed a dominant position in the social hierarchy and demonstrated this by pecking others.
According to Lorenz, the most significant factor in social behaviour was the immediate and intuitive grasp of the new hierarchy by each bird in the flock.
RSPB Jackdaw page
Peggy Sue Got Married is a 1986 American romantic fantasy comedy-drama movie.
It was directed by Francis Ford Coppola.
It stars Kathleen Turner and Nicolas Cage.
Turner's character, Peggy Sue Bodell, goes back in time to 1960 when she attends her class of 1960 high school reunion in 1985.
A dry stone wall is a wall made of stone without using mortar.
They are made by carefully choosing rocks that fit together.
There are dry stone walls in the Yorkshire Dales in northern England.
How to build dry stone walls
Sun Country Airlines is an American low-fare airline.
It was started by many former Braniff International Airways employees.
It is headquartered in the Dakota County suburb of Eagan, Minnesota.
Sun Country uses nearby Minneapolis/Saint Paul International Airport as a hub.
It currently flies to 43 destinations throughout the Caribbean, United States, Mexico, and Costa Rica.
Most of Sun Country's routes either arrive in or depart from Minneapolis-St. Paul.
The airline also sometimes has flights between other cities, including Dallas, Texas
Virgin America was an U.S. airline.
It began operations in 2007.
Its corporate headquarters are in California.
The airline uses Airbus A319 and Airbus A320 aircraft.
It flies to destinations throughout the United States and Mexico.
The airline is partly owned by the Virgin Group.
The Virgin Group also controls Virgin Atlantic Airways, Virgin Australia and Virgin Samoa.
However, the Virgin Group has less than a fifty percent share of the new company.
This is due to U.S. federal laws that do not allow foreign control of domestic airlines.
Virgin America was looking to sell all or part of its airline in early 2016.
A merger with JetBlue Airways was very possible.
However, on April 4, 2016, Alaska Airlines announced it would buy Virgin America.
Alaska retired the Virgin America name on April 25, 2018.
Companies based the San Francisco bay area
Rebecca Romijn (born November 6, 1972) is an American movie and television series actress.
She played Mystique in the X-men movies and Alexis Meade in the television sitcom Ugly Betty.
Romijn was born in Berkeley, California.
Godsend is a 2004 supernatural horror-thriller movie.
It is about a couple who lose their child, after which they are put through supernatural forces and nightmares.
The movie stars Robert De Niro and Rebecca Romijn.
This movie received very bad reviews from critics.
Its intake was over $30 million, making Godsend a mild success in the box office.
Website for the fictional Godsend institute
Gengen Wer is a god in Egyptian mythology that appears as a goose.
He is long forgotten by the Egyptian people, but was famous in Ancient Egypt.
He is seen in the series of Rick Riordan's The Kane Chronicles books as a god who is senile.
He was sensitive as the earlier Egyptians wrote.
He was long forgotten by the Egyptian people, but was admired in Ancient Egypt.
He is often associated with artistic expression and laid an egg in the plain of chaos that all matter came from.
Mount Ebenezer is a pastoral station and roadhouse in the south of the Northern Territory, Australia.
It is located on the Lasseter Highway,  from the Stuart Highway to the east and  to Uluṟu in the west.
Mount Ebenezer is owned by the community of Imaṉpa, which is surrounded by the property.
It is one of the few Aboriginal-owned stations in the Territory.
It is managed by Lisanote Pty Ltd, a company also owned by the Imaṉpa Community.
This company also operates the Angas Downs Indigenous Protected Area, which borders the property to the west.
The lease for the property is held by the Fogarty family.
The area falls within the traditional homeland of the southern Luritja people (Matuntara).
Mount Ebenezer, the mountain that the station was named after, is in the Basedow Ranges and can be seen to the north of the roadhouse.
The mountain itself is named for Ebenezer Flint, who worked in the area in 1871 on the Overland Telegraph Line.
In the early 1920s, a pioneer named William Liddle established the Angas Downs sheep station to the west of the Basedow Ranges.
He had previously worked at the telegraph station in Alice Springs.
He settled at Angas Downs with his wife Mary (an Aranda woman) and had several children.
From the late 1920s, the family began to use the Mount Ebenezer area as an extension of Angas Downs.
Mount Ebenezer was established as its own station in 1947 by William's second son, Harold Liddle.
He was one of the first people of Aboriginal descent to get a perpetual lease for a pastoral property.
Liddle sold the new station to Ted Kunoth in 1952.
Kunoth built a roadhouse to service tourist traffic between the Stuart Highway and Uluṟu.
In 1978, Kunoth agreed to allow the Aboriginal people of the area to set up a community on a part of the station's lands.
The area at Imaṉpa, beneath the Basedow Ranges, was removed from the property for this.
Kunoth sold the property's lease to Alan Rogers, who then resold to the Fogarty family in 1993.
Mount Ebenezer on Exploring Australia
The Evil Dead is a 2013 American horror movie.
It is about five friends who stay at a remote cabin.
This movie was at first rated NC-17, but changes were made so the movie would get an R rating from the MPAA.
Evil Dead was also rated "18" by the BBFC (UK) and rated "R" in Australia.
This movie got positive reviews by the critics.
It is a remake of 1981 movie Evil Dead.
Jonathan M. "Jon" Lovitz (born July 21, 1957) is an American comedian, actor and singer.
He was known for his sketches on Saturday Night Live from 1985 though 1990.
He was also known for his guest-star role as Steve on Friends.
He won two Emmy Awards for his writing on comedy series and an Screen Actors Guild Award for his acting in a crew.
Lovitz was born on July 21, 1957 in Los Angeles, California to a Romanian-Hungarian-Russian-Jewish family.
He studied at the University of California at Irvine.
Jon Lovitz On MySpace.com
Gerardo Luigi "Jerry" Colonna (September 17, 1904 – November 21, 1986) was an Italian-American comedian, singer, actor, songwriter, and musician.
He was known for his big mustache and for working with Bob Hope on comedy shows.
Colonna was born on September 17, 1904 in Boston, Massachusetts to an Italian family.
He was married to Florence Purcell in c. 1930 until his death in 1986.
They had one son, Robert.
Colonna died on November 21, 1986 in Woodland Hills, California from kidney failure, aged 82.
WFMU's Jerry Colonna Homage
Find-A-Grave profile for Jerry Colonna
Kozhikode is a district in the state of Kerala, in India.
It is divided into four taluks - Kozhikode, Vadakara, Koyilandy and Thamarassery.
Districts of Kerala
Rio de Oro was one of the two territories of Western Sahara, when the territory was under Spanish rule.
Rio de Oro, which literally means river of gold is more to the south.
The other part was called Saguia el Hamra.
The territory is named after a wadi.
The capital of the territory is called Dakhla.
When the territory was ruled by the Spanish, its name was Villa Cisneros.
It has a size of roughly .
To the north, the 26th parallel is the border, and to the south, the territory is limited by the 21° 20' parallel (and the border with Mauritania).
Originally, Portuguese traders called the territory Rio do Ouro, they traded goods for gold dust, in the year 1442.
They believed to be in Mali ruled by Mansa Musa.
Mali was famed for its gold deposits, despite the fact that gold was never found there, and only further south in Akjoujt and south of the Niger River.
Historic maps show a river running from the center of Africa to the Atlantic Ocean, newer maps show a shorter river which ends in a wadi named Megeta Mersug.
In 1886, a Spanish expedition searched for this river, but did not find it.
Platform shoes are shoes that have extremely dense soles.
They are often made out of plastics, rubber or cork.
Platform shoes were first worn during the Ancient era.
They are known to add height to whoever is wearing them.
The shoes are oftentimes worn to avoid coming in contact with urban street filth, grime and muck.
These shoes were very popular between the 1930s and the 1980s in the United States, Europe and the United Kingdom.
They were worn mostly by girls or young women, although middle-aged or elderly women sometimes wear the shoes.
Comfort platforms were invented during the disco music era, and would be designed to mix added heights and sneaker style or orthotic comforts.
The fad eventually fizzled out during the late 1980s and early 1990s, though by then people of all ages, particularly girls and young to middle-aged women, wore the shoes.
Moshe Kimel introduced the modern platform shoe in the 30's for actress Marlene Dietrich.
This started a fad among the elite and well to do.
The growing popularity of the shoe sparked several well known copies such as "the rainbow" by Salvatore Ferragamo .
At this time the shoes were typically made with cork due to the production material changes many had to face during World War II.
As many trends do this one slowly disappeared from the main stream media, and didn't reaper till the late 60's.
1970's-1980's
Carole Basetta was the well known designer producing shoes for famous artists such as David Bowie .
This time it was not just a feminine fashion statement but men also wore platforms as well because platforms started coming in different forms like boots, trainers, and sandals.
Tony Randell wore clear platforms with goldfish in the heals on a tv show and again these shoes appeared in Starsky and Hutch .
In the 80's brands popularized the comfort platform which was meant for everyday use.
Late 90's early 2000's
While introduced in the early 90's platforms didn't pick up in mainstream fashion till the late 90's.
This may be due to Naomi Campbell's runway fall in 1993 while wearing Vivienne Westwood's platform heels.
After the 90's platforms did not pick up again till around 2003-2004 when YSL made a tribute sandal to commemorate the 70's shoe style.
Many celebrities' liked this design for the added sex appeal.
This era of platform shoe was more popular with the platform boot style.
Some of the more well known brands are Demonia, Bordello, and Dolls kill.
With the rise of E-girl as a subculture in 2019 the sale of gothic style platform boots have gone up.
During the 2010 era clear shoes wear also popularized by Kim Kardashian West.
These clear platform shoes allow to to put trinkets in your shoe ranging from flowers, kids toys, and plastic fish to Halloween decorations, spiders, and baby doll heads.
A gown is a type of clothing usually worn by women.
There are different kinds of gowns.
Some are worn on formal occasions such as marriages.
Some are worn in hospitals.
Some are worn to sleep in.
Mary Janes are low-cut, rounded-toed shoes that are worn almost entirely by girls or women.
They are usually low or mid heeled, though there are some that are high heeled.
The shoes have one thin strap over the instep of the foot.
They are made almost exclusively of leather.
These shoes are worn at school, in church or during work (for certain places), and with skirts, dresses and certain types of pants.
Nature is a scientific journal.
It was first published on 4 November 1869.
It is the world's most cited  scientific journal.
That means that, when scientists write formal reports of their experiments, they list all the earlier studies that they read in their reference section.
They list studies from Nature in their reference sections more than studies from any other journal.
It is also the longest continuously published scientific weekly.
Most scientific journals are now specific to just one kind of science, for example only biochemistry or only mining science.
Nature is one of the few journals which still publish original research articles across the whole range of science.
Important new advances and original scientific research is published as articles or letters in Nature.
Nature also prints surveys and reviews of important research fields.
Research scientists are the primary audience for the journal, but ordinary people read it as well.
Because of this, articles are written and edited to make them understandable to scientists in other fields and any educated person.
In the first pages of each issue are editorials, news and feature articles on issues of general interest to scientist.
Topics include current affairs, science funding, business, scientific ethics and research breakthroughs.
There are also sections on books and arts.
Because of limits on the length of articles, often the printed text is a summary of the work in question.
Details may be put in supplementary material on the journal's website.
It affects up to 80 percent of all patients who have had diabetes for 10 years or more.
However it is possible that at least 90% of these new cases could be kept from becoming severe with early diagnosis and proper treatment.
Diabetic retinopathy often has no early warning signs.
As new blood vessels form at the back of the eye as a part of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), they can bleed (ocular hemorrhage) and blur vision.
The first time this happens, it may not be very severe.
In most cases, it will leave just a few specks of blood, or spots, floating in a person's visual field, though the spots often go away after a few hours.
These spots are often followed within a few days or weeks by a much greater leakage of blood, which blurs vision.
In extreme cases, a person will only be able to tell light from dark in that eye.
It may take the blood anywhere from a few days to months or even years to clear from the inside of the eye, and in some cases the blood will not clear.
These types of large hemorrhages tend to happen more than once, often during sleep.
Elevation of blood-glucose levels can also cause edema (swelling) of the crystalline lens  as a result of sorbitol (sugar alcohol) building up in the lens.
This edema often causes temporary myopia (nearsightedness).
A common sign of swelling of the lens  is blurring of distance vision while near vision remains adequate.
Scatter laser surgery
During the first three stages of diabetic retinopathy, no treatment is needed, unless there is macular edema.
To prevent diabetic retinopathy from getting worse, diabetics should control their levels of blood sugar, blood pressure, and blood cholesterol.
Proliferative retinopathy is treated with scatter laser surgery, which helps to shrink the abnormal blood vessels.
During the surgery 1,000 to 2,000 laser burns are placed in the areas of the retina away from the macula, causing the abnormal blood vessels to shrink.
Two or more sessions usually are required to complete treatment.
There may be some loss of peripheral (side) vision, and color vision, and night vision may also be slightly reduced.
Scatter laser treatment works best before the abnormal fragile, new blood vessels which grow because of the disease have started to bleed.
Treatment may still be possible after bleeding has begun in some cases.
Focal laser surgery
Macular edema is treated with focal laser treatment.
Up to several hundred small laser burns are placed in the areas of retinal leakage surrounding the macula.
These burns cauterize the blood vessels, reduces tha amount of leakage and fluid build-up in the retina.
The surgery is usually done in one session but further treatments may be needed.
If both eyes are affected by macular edema only one is treated at a time usually a few weeks apart.
Focal laser treatment stabilizes vision and reduces the risk of vision loss by 50 percent.
In a small number of cases, if vision is lost, it can be improved.
Viteroctomy
Viteroctomy is the surgical removal of the vitreous humur.
The vitreous humur is a clear, thick, gel-like fluid, that fills the inside of the eyeball and helps it to maintain its shape.
According to research done by the National Eye Institute, prompt treatment of diabetic macular edema with the drug Lucentis, with or without laser treatment, resulted in better vision than laser treatment alone, or steroid injections.
When injected into the eye, Lucentis, and two other similar drugs, Avastin or Aylea, reduce fluid leakage and interfere with the growth of new blood vessels in the retina.
Diabetic Retinopathy  Resource Guide from the National Eye Institute (NEI).
Kramer vs. Kramer is a 1979 American drama movie.
It was written and directed by Robert Benton.
It is based on a novel by Avery Corman.
It stars Dustin Hoffman and Meryl Streep as New York City married couple Ted and Joanna Kramer.
She leaves him and their son; the couple divorce.
Fifteen months later, she decides she wants custody of the child, taking Ted to court.
Kozhikode, also known as Calicut, is a city in the state of Kerala in southern India.
Kozhikode is the third largest city in Kerala.
It is part of the second largest urban agglomeration in Kerala with a metropolitan population of 2,030,519 as per 2011 census.
The city lies about  north of the state capital Thiruvananthapuram.
Jerzy Nowak (June 20, 1923 – March 26, 2013) was a Polish actor and teacher.
He was known for his roles as a Jewish investor in Schindler's List, as a "bumpkin farmer" in Three Colors: White, and as the great creative Zucker in The Promised Land.
Nowak was born on June 20, 1923 in Brzesko, Poland.
He was raised in Kraków, Poland.
Nowak studied at the Ludwik Solski Academy for the Dramatic Arts.
He was married to his second wife, Maria Andruszkiewicz-Smith, from 1989 until his death in 2013.
Polish stage actors
Polish voice actors
The "curse" began when President William Henry Harrison (elected in 1840) died in office from pneumonia just one month after becoming President.
According to a folk tale, the "curse" happened because then-General Harrison had fought on Native American grounds during the 1811 Battle of Tippecanoe.
The battle was famous, and "Old Tippecanoe" became Harrison's nickname.
But the battle made the Native Americans so angry that they cursed his name.
The last President included in this "curse" to die was John F. Kennedy.
He was elected in 1960 and assassinated in 1963.
Two later Presidents elected in "0" years: Ronald Reagan (1980), survived an assassination attempt and George W. Bush (2000), who also survived an assassination attempt.
William Henry Harrison (1841) (Pneumonia)
Abraham Lincoln (1861-1865, second term) (Assassinated)
James A. Garfield (1881) (Assassinated)
William McKinley (1897-1901, second term) (Assassinated)
Warren G. Harding (1921-1923) (Pneumonia)
Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933-1945, fourth term) (Brain hemorrhage)
John F. Kennedy (1961-1963) (Assassinated)
Ronald Reagan (1981-1989) (Assassination attempt)
George W. Bush (2001-2009) (Assassination attempt)
The Mortal Presidency: Film and Documentary Shapell Manuscript Foundation
The Assassination attempt on Ronald Reagan happened on Monday, March 30, 1981, 69 days after becoming President.
Ronald Reagan was leaving after a speaking engagement at the Washington Hilton Hotel in Washington, D.C.. As Reagan left to enter his car, John Hinckley, Jr. fired his gun.
At 2:27 pm Eastern Time, Reagan exited the hotel through "President's Walk" and its K Street NW exit toward his waiting limousine.
Hinckley waited within the crowd of civilians.
While the Secret Service blocked those attending the president's speech, in a "colossal mistake" the agency allowed an unsearched group to stand within feet of him, behind a rope line.
Reagan unexpectedly passed right in front of Hinckley.
Believing he would never get a better chance, Hinckley fired a Röhm RG-14 .22 Long Rifle blue steel revolver six times in 1.7 seconds.
Five out of the six shots missed the president.
The first bullet hit White House Press Secretary James Brady in the head.
The second bullet hit District of Columbia police officer Thomas Delahanty in the back of his neck as he turned to protect Reagan.
Hinckley now had a clear shot at the president, but the third bullet overshot him and hit the window of a building across the street.
As Special Agent In Charge Jerry Parr quickly pushed Reagan into the limousine, the fourth bullet hit Secret Service agent Timothy McCarthy in the abdomen as he spread his body over Reagan to protect him.
The fifth bullet hit the bullet-resistant glass of the window on the open side door of the limousine.
The sixth and final bullet ricocheted off the armored side of the limousine and hit the president in his left underarm, grazing a rib and lodging in his lung, stopping nearly 1 inch (25mm) from his heart.
Parr's prompt reaction saved Reagan from being hit in the head.
Reagan suffered from a punctured lung and heavy internal bleeding.
He received medical attention quickly.
The powers of the President were never actually given to anyone else during this time through the presidential line of succession.