the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
Bonnie and Clyde (Bonnie Parker [1910–1934] and Clyde Barrow [1909–1934]), bank robbers and murderers
David Brooks (born 1955), Houston serial killer, early 1970s
Marilyn Buck (born 1947), accomplice in both the 1979 prison break of black activist Assata Shakur and the 1981 Brink's robbery
William Carver (1868–1901), member of Butch Cassidy's gang
Jamiel Chagra (1944–2008), drug trafficker
Mark David Chapman (born 1955), murdered former Beatle, John Lennon
T. Cullen Davis (born 1933), heir to oil fortune, arrested for murder and solicitation; acquitted of criminal charges but held responsible in wrongful death lawsuit
Billie Sol Estes (1925–2013), businessman convicted of fraud
Anna Fermanova (born 1986), alleged Russian spy and smuggler
Ralph Fults (1911–1993), outlaw, associated with Bonnie and Clyde
Raymond Hamilton (1913–1935), member of Bonnie and Clyde's gang; executed
John Wesley Hardin (1853–1895), outlaw and gun-fighter, reputed to be "the meanest man alive" Charles Harrelson (1938–2007), hitman
Elmer Wayne Henley (born 1956), Houston serial killer, early 1970s
John Hinckley, Jr. (born 1955), attempted to assassinate President Reagan
W. D. Jones (1916–1974), member of Bonnie and Clyde's gang
David Koresh (1959–1993), self-proclaimed messiah and head of Branch Davidian cult
Colleen LaRose (born 1963), "Jihad Jane", charged with multiple terrorist-related crimes
Della Moore (c. 1880 – c. 1926), prostitute, girlfriend of outlaw Harvey Logan ("Kid Curry")
Tom O'Folliard (1858–1880), outlaw and Billy the Kid's best friend
Lee Harvey Oswald (1939–1963), assassin of U.S. President John F. Kennedy
Kenneth Parnell (1931–2008), sex offender, kidnapper of seven-year-old Steven Stayner
Etta Place (c. 1878 – 19??),
companion of outlaw Harry Longabaugh, the "Sundance Kid"
Jonathan Pollard (born 1954), intelligence analyst convicted of espionage
Fannie Porter (1873 – c. 1940), prostitute, madam, associated with several outlaws
Richard Ramirez (born 1960), serial killer
Ollie P. Roberts (c. 1879 – 1950), claimed to be Billy the Kid
Jack Ruby (1910–1967), killed Lee Harvey Oswald following the assassination of President John F. Kennedy
Yolanda Saldívar (born 1960), convicted for the murder of pop singer Selena
Jon Schillaci (born 1971), a former FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitive
Bobby Seale (born 1936), co-founder of the Black Panthers
Servant Girl Annihilator (fl.
1885), unidentified serial killer from Austin
Soapy Smith (1860–1898), infamous confidence man of Round Rock, Texas and Fort Worth, Texas
Allen Stanford (born 1950), financier convicted of operating a Ponzi scheme and fraud
Belle Starr (1848–1889), the Wild West's "bandit queen"
Texas Seven, group of prison escapees who caused a national manhunt after a crime spree in December 2000, apprehended in January 2001 due to America's Most Wanted
Libby Thompson (1855–1953), dancehall girl, prostitute, and brothel owner better known as Squirrel-tooth Alice
Bernie Tiede (born 1958), convicted murderer, subject of the 2011 film Bernie Catalina Vasquez Villalpando (born 1940), Treasurer of the United States, convicted of tax evasion and obstruction of justice
Edgar Valdez Villarreal (born 1973), "La Barbie", drug trafficker
Charles "Tex" Watson (born 1945), convicted murderer, former member of the Charles Manson "Family"
Susan Wright (born 1976), convicted murderer
Andrea Yates (born 1964), drowned her five children in the bathtub of her house
Diane Zamora (born 1978), convicted, along with her boyfriend, David Graham, in notorious "cadet murder" case
Amarillo Slim (Thomas Preston, Jr.) (1928–2012), poker champion
Steven Berk (born 1949), physician who was kidnapped from his home in Amarillo in 2005; wrote Anatomy of a Kidnapping: A Doctor's Story to show how the ordeal changed his perspective on life
Tom Blasingame (1898–1989), oldest cowboy in the history of the American West
Lee Bowers (1925–1966), witness to the assassination of John F. Kennedy
Joe Bowman (1925–2009), bootmaker and marksman and guardian of Old West culture
Clarence Brandley (born 1951), exonerated after serving nine years on death row for a murder and rape he did not commit
Ben Breedlove (1993–2011), Internet personality
Joseph Sterling Bridwell (1885–1966), oilman, rancher, and philanthropist from Wichita Falls
James Byrd, Jr. (1949–1998), murder victim, Texas hate crime and later federal law passed in his honor
Chukwu octuplets: Ebuka, Chidi, Echerem, Chima, Ikem, Jioke, Gorom (all born 1998), and Odera (1998–1998), first recorded live-born set of octuplets in U.S.
Leslie Cochran (1951–2012), peace activist, cross-dresser, urban outdoorsman
Crazy Ray (Wilford Jones) (1931–2007), Dallas Cowboys mascot
Mark Crutcher (born 1948), pro-life activist, author, and founder of Life Dynamics Inc.
George de Mohrenschildt (1911–1977), petroleum geologist, friend of Lee Harvey Oswald, gave testimony to the Warren Commission
Joe B. Finley (1924–2011), rancher in Laredo
Bobby Goldman (1938–1999), bridge player
Lauren Grandcolas (1963–2001), one of the passengers on United Airlines Flight 93 on 9/11
Amber Hagerman (1986–1996), victim of abduction/murder, namesake of AMBER Alert
Bob Hamman (born 1938), bridge player
Lawrence Herkimer (1925–2015), cheerleading innovator
Jean Hill (1931–2000), witness to the assassination of John F. Kennedy
George B. Jackson (1850–1900), former slave turned Republican politician in San Angelo, Texas
Mifflin Kenedy (1818–1895), rancher and steamboat operator; co-owner of King Ranch, namesake of Kenedy County and the city of Kenedy in Karnes County
Clarence Hailey Long (1910–1978), Texas cowboy who inspired the Marlboro Man cigarette advertising campaign
John McClamrock (1956–2008), whose life as a quadraplegic following a football injury was profiled by journalist Skip Hollandsworth in an award-winning story
Jessica McClure (born 1986), "Baby Jessica", rescued after falling into a well
Norma McCorvey (born 1947), as "Jane Roe," was the plaintiff in the 1973 landmark U.S. Supreme Court case Roe v. Wade''
Mary Moorman (born 1932), witness to the assassination of John F. Kennedy
Michael Morton (born 1954), exonerated after serving 25 years in prison for a murder he did not commit
Michael Paine (born 1928), acquaintance of Lee Harvey Oswald
Ruth Paine (born 1932), friend of Marina Oswald
Olga Rodriguez, Chicano activist
Eunice Sanborn (1896–2011), from November 2010 until her death in January 2011 was the world's oldest documented living person
Karen Silkwood (1948–1974), nuclear plant worker, labor activist, died under mysterious circumstances; subject of a major motion picture
Marilyn Sitzman (1939–1993), witness to the assassination of John F. Kennedy
John Wesley Snyder (1837–1922), pioneer Texas rancher, based primarily in Georgetown
Swante M. Swenson (1816–1896), founder of SMS Ranches
Bob Tallman (born 1947), rodeo announcer
Emma Tenayuca (1916–1999), labor leader, union organizer
Richard Turner (born 1954), magician specializing in card manipulation
W. D. Twichell (1864–1959), surveyor of 165 of 254 Texas counties
Richard Viguerie (born 1933), conservative figure, pioneer of political direct mail and writer on American politics
Gene S. Walker, Sr. (
1926–2015), rancher and businessman from Webb County
James Larkin "Jim" White (1882–1946), cave explorer, cowboy, miner, park ranger, discovered Carlsbad Caverns
Plennie L. Wingo (1895–1993), world record for longest distance walked backwards (from Santa Monica, California, to Istanbul, Turkey)
Trey Wright (born 1974), U.S. national Scrabble champion, classical concert pianist
Lou Zaeske (1941–2011), founder of English-only movement in Texas and advocate for Czech ethnic causes
Abraham Zapruder (1905–1970), clothing manufacturer, filmed assassination of John F. Kennedy in Dallas in 1963
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are created by the [United Nations] and promoted as the Global Goals for Sustainable Development.
They replaced the [Millennium Development Goals] that expired at the end of 2015.
The SDGs run from 2015 to 2030.
There are 17 goals and 169 specific targets for those goals.
No poverty
Zero hunger
Good health and wellbeing
Quality education
Clean water and sanitation
Affordable and clean energy
Decent work and economic growth
Industry, innovation and infrastructure
Reduce inequality
Sustainable cities and communities
Responsible consumption and production
Climate action
Life below water
Life on land
Peace and justice.
Strong institutions
Partnerships for the goals
Mylo Xyloto is the fifth studio album by Coldplay.
The album was released on October 25, 2011.
It was fifth and final studio album of label Capitol Records.
Antonio Nirta (22 April 1919 – 1 September 2015) was an Italian criminal.
He was the boss of the 'Ndrangheta, a Mafia-type organization in Calabria.
He was born in San Luca, and, together with his brothers Giuseppe, Francesco and Sebastiano, ruled the comune.
Nirta died on 1 September 2015 in Benestare, Province of Reggio Calabria.
Aleksandar Stipčević (10 October 1930 – 1 September 2015) was a Croatian archeologist, bibliographer, librarian and historian.
He was best known for studying the Illyrians.
He wrote several works on the Illyrians.
He was a full professor at the University of Zagreb from 1987 until his retirement in 1997.
Stipčević was born in the village of Arbanasi near Zadar (then Zara, Kingdom of Italy).
He was of Albanian ancestry.
Gli Iliri ("Illyrians"; 1966)
Arte degli Illiri ("The Illyrian Art"; 1963)
Iliri: povijest, život, kultura (1974)
Bibliografija antičke arheologije u Jugoslaviji (I–II, 1977)
Kultni simboli kod Ilira ("The Illyrian Cult Symbols"; 1981)
Povijest knjige ("The History of Books"; 1985, extended edition in 2006)
Cenzura u knjižnicama ("Censorship and Libraries"; 1992)
O savršenom cenzoru (1994)
Sudbina knjige (2000)
Socijalna povijest knjige u Hrvata (I–III, 2004–08)
Tradicijska kultura zadarskih Arbanasa (2011)
Some of them are translated to other languages.
He was the editor-in-chief of the second volume of the Croatian Biographical Lexicon (1983–1989).
Croatian scientists
Willy Juana Stähle (16 June 1954 – 27 August 2015) was a Dutch world water skiing champion.
She won a gold for women's figure skiing and a silver medal for women's slalom at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, Germany.
She was the Dutch Sportswoman of the Year in 1971.
Stähle was born in Amsterdam.
Her death was announced on 1 September 2015.
The band was formed in 2006 by Brian King and David Prowse.
King and Prowse met each other in 2000 while they were attending the University of Victoria in Victoria.
They started going to live shows together regularly in Victoria and Vancouver after they found out that they had a mutual interest in music.
In 2003, Prowse moved to Vancouver and transferred to Simon Fraser University.
After King graduated in 2005, he moved to Vancouver to form the band with Prowse.
The band was influenced by The Sonics and they started writing music in 2006.
The band got their name from a combination of two other band name ideas: Japanese Scream and Pleasure Droids.
The band self-released two EPs: All Lies in 2007 and Lullaby Death Jams in 2008.
The EPs were only limited to 500 copies each but were re-released as a compilation titled No Singles in 2010.
Their first studio album titled Post-Nothing was released on April 28, 2009 through Unfamiliar Records and re-released on August 4, 2009 on Polyvinyl Record Co. In March 2009, the website Pitchfork Media named the song "Young Hearts Spark Fire" as a 'Best New Track'.
This helped the band gain more recognition outside of Canada.
The band's second studio album Celebration Rock was released on June 5, 2012.
The album's first single "The House That Heaven Built" was released on May 15, 2012.
Ian Cohen of Pitchfork said, "Japandroids have gone from having almost none at all [lyrics] to packing their songs with an astonishing command of legend and literalism that all but dares you to feel something."
Spin named Japandroids 2012's Band of the Year and rated the album a 9 out of 10.
Rolling Stone rated it a 4 out of 5 and listed the album as #10 on their The 10 Coolest Summer Albums of All Time list.
Post-Nothing (2009)
Celebration Rock (2012)
No Singles (2010)
Opus isodomum is an ancient technique of wall building.
It uses perfectly cut, completely regular square stone blocks of equal height, and sometimes of the same length.
In classical antiquity this technique was perfected and widely used, especially for public buildings (temples, theaters, amphitheaters etc.).
One of the most well-known examples is the Parthenon.
Vitruvius briefly described this technique in his De Architectura, 2nd book, 8th chapter as following: A wall is called “isodomum“ when all the courses are of equal height.
Completely regular isodomum is relatively rare, especially in the provinces.
More frequent is isodomum made of stone blocks of the same height but not of the same length.
In order to strengthen this type of wall, builders always take good care that the ends of stone blocks in alternating courses of the wall do not match.
Vitruvius 1990 - Marcus Vitruvius Pollio: Deset knjiga o arhitekturi, translated by Matija Lopac, Sarajevo, 1990, p. 41-46
Müller / Vogel 1999 - Werner Müller; Gunther Vogel: Atlas arhitekture 1, translated by Milan Pelc, Zagreb, 1999.,
p. 3, 31, 60, 61
Suić 1976 - Mate Suić: Antički grad na istočnom Jadranu, Zagreb, 1976, p. 108, 110
Vasto (; Latin: Histonium, Istonium, and Histonios; formerly also, Guastaymonis, Il Vasto, and Il Vasto d'Ammone) is a town and comune.
It is on the Adriatic coast of the Province of Chieti in southern Abruzzo, Italy.
The population is now just over 40,000.
Settlements in Abruzzo
VH1 Storytellers is the second live album by American hip hop artist Kanye West.
It was released on January 5, 2010 by Roc-A-Fella Records.
The album was recorded live in February 2009.
"See You in My Nightmares" – 3:13
"RoboCop" – 6:17
"Flashing Lights" – 6:41
"Amazing" – 8:24
"Touch the Sky" – 9:53
"Say You Will" – 7:42
"Good Life" – 6:30
"Heartless/Pinocchio Story" – 11:01
"Stronger" – 4:53
The Alesha Show is the second studio album from British recording artist Alesha Dixon, the album is her first album to be released in the United Kingdom.
It was released on 24 November 2008 in the UK by Asylum Records.
The album was billed in Dixon's full name of Alesha Dixon.
The album is mainly a R&B album with soul and funk styles.
A deluxe edition of the album was released on 23 November 2009, entitled The Alesha Show – Encore.
The first single from the Encore edition was "To Love Again".
All the singles released from the album, including the Encore edition, reached the top 15 on the UK Singles Chart.
The Alesha Show received mainly good reviews from music critics.
Year End Charts
Alesha Dixon albums
Victor Saul Navasky (born July 5, 1932) is an American journalist, editor, publisher, and author.
He is a professor at the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism.
He was editor of The Nation from 1978 until 1995, and its publisher and editorial director 1995 to 2005.
David Scott "Dave" Foley (born January 4, 1963) is a Canadian-American actor, voice actor, stand-up comedian, director, producer and writer.
He is best known for his work in The Kids in the Hall, NewsRadio and the voice of Flik in the 1998 film A Bug's Life.
Foley was born in Etobicoke, Ontario.
His mother, Mary, was a homemaker.
His father, Michael, was a pipefitter.
His father is of Irish descent, and his mother is of English, Irish, Scottish and Welsh descent.
Dean Carroll Jones (January 25, 1931 – September 1, 2015) was an American actor.
He was born in Decatur, Alabama.
Jones was best known for his light-hearted leading roles in several Walt Disney movies between 1965 and 1977.
He was known for his roles in The Love Bug and in Beethoven.
Broadway appearances
Cinderella Man is a 2005 American biographical drama movie.
It was directed by Ron Howard and it was produced by Brian Grazer, Ron Howard, and Penny Marshall.
Cinderella Man was released on June 3, 2005.
Due to a low opening, AMC Theatres advertised on June 24, 2005 that it would offer a refund to any ticket-buyer dissatisfied with the film to try and help boost ticket sales.
Russell Crowe as James J. Braddock
Renée Zellweger as Mae Braddock
Paul Giamatti as Joe Gould
Bruce McGill as James Johnston
Craig Bierko as Max Baer
Paddy Considine as Mike Wilson
David Huband as Ford Bond
Connor Price as Jay Braddock
Ariel Waller as Rosemarie "Rosy" Braddock
Patrick Louis as Howard Braddock
Rosemarie DeWitt as Sara Wilson
Linda Kash as Mrs. Gould
Nicholas Campbell as Sporty Lewis
Gene Pyrz as Jake
Chuck Shamata as Father Roddick
Ron Canada as Joe Jeanette
Alicia Johnston as Alice
Troy Amos-Ross as John Henry Lewis
Mark Simmons as Art Lasky
Art Binkowski as Corn Griffin
David Litzinger as Abe Feldman
Matthew G. Taylor as Primo Carnera
Rance Howard as Announcer Al Fazin
Robert Norman Smith as reporter
Michael Harold Wenning (July 5, 1935 – June 28, 2011) was an South African-born American Presbyterian minister.
From 1969 to 1977, he was pastor of a Presbyterian church in Durban, South Africa.
He was known for performing President Reagan's state funeral.
Wenning was born in Cape Town, South Africa.
He studied at Texas Christian University and at New York University.
In 1977 he returned to the United States where he worked for the next three decades as a pastor in various Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) congregations, including one in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Owens Boomer Castleman (July 18, 1945 – September 1, 2015), better known by his stage name Boomer Castleman, was an American singer-songwriter and guitarist.
He and Michael Martin Murphey teamed up to make the pop music group The Lewis & Clarke Expedition in the 1960s.
His single Judy Mae peaked at #33 in the US charts.
He also founded the independent country music record label BNA Records which he later sold to BMG Music.
He invented the palm pedal.
Castleman was born in Los Angeles, California.
He grew up in Farmers Branch and Dallas, Texas.
Castleman died from cancer on September 1, 2015 in Nashville, Tennessee.
In June 2019, President Donald Trump appointed him to be acting Director of the Citizenship and Immigration Services office.
He is a former Attorney General of Virginia.
In November 2019, he became United States Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security.
He was elected as Virginia's 46th Attorney General in the November 2009 general election.
From 2002 until January 16, 2010 he was a Republican member of the Senate of Virginia, representing the 37th district in Fairfax County.
He holds degrees in engineering, law and commercial policy, and co-founded a law firm.
Attorney General Cuccinelli  official government site
Ken Cuccinelli for Governor
Ken Cuccinelli at the Virginia Public Access Project
Senator Ken Cuccinelli (R-Fairfax) at Richmond Sunlight
George Ryoichi Ariyoshi  (有吉良一; born March 12, 1926) is an American politician.
He served as the third Governor of Hawaii from 1974 to 1986.
He became governor when John A. Burns was stepped down.
Ariyoshi was born in Honolulu, Hawaii.
His parents were Japanese immigrants.
Governor of Hawaii (1974-1986)
Ariyoshi's administration was marked by fiscal conservatism as the post-statehood economic boom came to an end.
He guided the state through its first economic recession.
He has gathered some criticism for having only people with Japanese surnames on his staff, many were relatives.
He also holds the record as the longest-serving state governor in Hawaii, a record likely to remain unbroken because of term limits enacted after his tenure.
Ariyoshi married Jean Miya Hayashi in 1955.
They have a daughter, Lynn, born in 1957; and two sons, Ryozo, born in 1959, and Donn, 1961.
Honolulu Star Bulletin Article about Ariyoshi's Wife and her book, Washington Place: A First Lady's Story
Honolulu Star Bulletin Editorial Column
http://www.weekender.co.jp/LatestEdition/010713/baby.html
Donn Ariyoshi
George Ariyoshi Tribute Site
Portrait of Ariyoshi  by Margaret Holland Sargent
Charles Kumi Gyamfi (4 December 1929 – 2 September 2015) was a Ghanaian footballer and coach.
He became the first African to play in Germany when he joined Fortuna Düsseldorf in 1960, and later became the first coach to lead the Ghana national football team to an Africa Cup of Nations victory.
As coach of the Ghana national football team, he won the African Cup of Nations three times (1963, 1965 and 1982), making him the most successful coach in the competition's history.
Minister (Christianity), a Christian minister
Minister (diplomacy), the rank of diplomat directly below ambassador
Minister (government), a politician who heads a ministry (government department)
Ministerialis, a member of a noble class in the Holy Roman Empire
Shadow minister, a member of a Shadow Cabinet of the opposition
Aleksander Mandziara (16 August 1940 – 2 September 2015), also known as Alfons Mandziara, was a Polish football player and coach.
He played for ŁTS Łabędy, Flocie Gdynia, Szombierki Bytom, NAC Breda, and GKS Tychy.
He managed GKS Tychy, Pogoń Szczecin, Rot-Weiss Essen, BSC Young Boys, FC Biel/Bienne, LASK Linz, FC Stahl Linz, SV Darmstadt 98, and FC Bern.
He was born in Gliwice.
Mis-Teeq were an English R&B and UK garage girl group.
The members were lead singer Sabrina Washington, rapper Alesha Dixon and backing vocalist Su-Elise Nash.
A fourth member, Zena McNally, performed on only one song, "Why" (the group's first song).
She left soon after to start a solo career.
The group only released two studio albums, Lickin' on Both Sides and Eye Candy.
They released a self titled album in the United States in 2004.
That album had songs from the group's first two albums.
There was also a greatest hits album released in 2005.
The group broke up in 2005 after their label went out of business.
All of the group's singles reached the UK top 40.
Ever since the group broke up in 2005, there have been rumors about the group releasing more music.
On 9 February 2011, it was reported that the group were in talks to do a comeback tour.
This was denied by Dixon.
Two years later, Dixon said that she would never rule out a reunion.
Lickin' on Both Sides (2001)
Eye Candy (2003)
Mis-Teeq (2004)
Greatest Hits (2005)
Jeremy Bernard Corbyn (born 26 May 1949) is a British politician.
He was the Leader of the Labour Party and Leader of the Opposition from 2015 to 2020.
He has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Islington North since 1983.
He was elected Leader of the Labour Party in 2015.
Corbyn calls himself a democratic socialist.
Corbyn was born in Chippenham in Wiltshire.
Before becoming a politician, he worked as a representative for many trade unions.
He was elected to Haringey Council in 1974.
He was later secretary of the Islington Constituency Labour Party (CLP).
He entered the House of Commons as an MP.
Corbyn won many awards for his work as an international human rights activist.
As an MP, he is known for his activism and for voting against the Labour whip when the party was in government under New Labour leaders Tony Blair and Gordon Brown.
Corbyn works in support of the anti-austerity movement and stopping austerity cuts to public sector and welfare funding made since 2010.
During his career, he has worked to stop big businesses and very rich people avoiding tax.
He has been an anti-war and anti-nuclear activist.
Corbyn supports a foreign policy of military non-interventionism and a unilateral policy of nuclear disarmament.
This means he wants all countries to stop building nuclear weapons.
Corbyn is a member of the Socialist Campaign Group, the Palestine Solidarity Campaign, Amnesty International and the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND).
He was the national chair of the Stop the War Coalition from June 2011 until September 2015.
After Labour's defeat in the 2015 general election and the resignation of Ed Miliband, Corbyn announced his candidacy for the leadership of the Labour Party on 6 June 2015.
Although many people did not believe he would win, he won enough votes to become the lead candidate.
He won many votes from trade unions who supported the Labour Party, as well as left wing activists.
He was elected Leader of the Labour Party on 12 September 2015 after winning 59.5% of the votes in the first round of the ballot.
In June 2016, after the events of the "leave" vote in the EU referendum, Labour MPs passed a vote of no confidence in Corbyn.
It passed by 172 votes to 40 following the resignation of around two-thirds of Corbyn's Shadow cabinet.
He then faced a second leadership contest, against Angela Eagle and Owen Smith.
However, in July 2016, Eagle dropped out of the race leaving Smith and Corbyn as the only candidates.
On 24 September 2016, Corbyn won the leadership contest against Smith  with an increased majority of 61.8%.
After the 2017 general election was announced, Corbyn said he was ready to offer a "real alternative" to the Conservative government.
In the election, the Labour Party gained 32 seats, but the Conservatives remained the largest Party.
In 2019, Corbyn created a plan to prevent a no-deal Brexit, which involved creating a temporary caretaker government and then campaigning for a "public vote on the terms of leaving the European Union, including an option to Remain".
He has publicly criticized antisemitism within the Labour Party, however many believe than Corbyn is responsible for some antisemitic attacks within the party.
In the 2019 general election, Labour suffered its worst defeat since 1935, lowering its seats held to just over 200.
Corbyn said that he would not lead Labour into the next election, causing a leadership contest, where Sir Keir Starmer won the contest and replaced Corbyn on 4 April 2020.
Corbyn was suspended from the Labour Party on 29 October 2020 after he said that he would not accept what the Equality and Human Rights Commission found about antisemitism.
He was given party membership again a month later, however his party whip remains suspended until February 2021.
Corbyn was born at Chippenham Cottage Hospital in Chippenham, Wiltshire.
He was raised in Kington St Michael in Wiltshire.
The youngest of four sons, he is the brother of Piers Corbyn.
His mother, Naomi Josling, was a math teacher.
His father, David Benjamin Corbyn was an electrical engineer.
His parents were peace activists.
When Corbyn was seven, the family moved to Pave Lane in Shropshire, where his father bought Yew Tree Manor (renamed Yew Tree Guesthouse), turning it into a family home.
Corbyn studied at the Castle House Preparatory School near Newport, Shropshire.
He then went to Adams' Grammar School.
In school, Corbyn said that he received bad grades and his teacher told him that he was never going to make anything of himself.
Corbyn worked as a reporter for a short time for local newspaper, the Newport and Market Drayton Advertiser.
He went to the University of North London for a year before dropping out without an educational degree.
Corbyn worked as an union official of the National Union of Tailors and Garment Workers.
He became a member of a district health authority in the early years of the 1970s.
In 1974, he was elected to Haringey Council, representing Harringay as councillor until 1983.
Corbyn worked on Tony Benn's deputy leadership campaign in 1981.
Parliamentary career, 1983–present
Corbyn was chosen as the Labour Party candidate for his local seat in Islington North in 1982.
Around this time, he became involved with London Labour Briefing, where he was a contributor and member of the editorial board during the 1980s.
It has been reported that he served as its general secretary for some time.
In 1983, he was elected Member of Parliament for Islington North.
After winning, he joined the Socialist Campaign Group.
He sat on the Parliamentary London Regional Select Committee from 1983 to 1987.
He sat on the Social Security Select Committee from 1992 to 1997, the London Regional Select Committee for a second time from 2009 to 2010, and the Justice Select Committee from 2010 to 2015.
Corbyn has won re-elections as Member of Parliament for Islington North seven times.
In the 2015 election, when he won 60.24% of the votes cast and a majority of 21,194.
During his career, he voted against the whip 428 times while Labour was in power.
In October 2001, Corbyn was elected to the steering committee of the Stop the War Coalition, which was formed to oppose the Afghanistan War which started later that year.
He helped organise the February anti-Iraq War protest which was claimed to be the largest such protest in British political history.
In 2006, Corbyn was one of 12 Labour MPs to support Plaid Cymru and the Scottish National Party's call for a parliamentary inquiry into the Iraq War.
He was elected chair of the coalition in succession to Andrew Murray in September 2011, but resigned in September 2015.
Corbyn has always opposed weapons of mass destruction (WMD) and is a long-time supporter of the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND).
He was criticised for inviting Gerry Adams and other members of Sinn Féin to the Palace of Westminster in 1984, weeks after the Brighton hotel bombing by the PIRA.
Corbyn was chair of the All-party parliamentary group (APPG) on the Chagos Islands, chair of the APPG on Mexico, Vice-Chair of the APPG on Latin America and vice-chair of the APPG on human rights.
He has supported the rights for the Chagossians.
He is known for his Venezuelan solidarity activism.
Leadership of the Labour Party, 2015–2020
Leadership election
Following the Labour Party's defeat at the general election on 7 May 2015, Ed Miliband resigned as its party leader.
His resignation caused the party to have a leadership election.
On 2 June, it was reported in media sources that Corbyn was thinking of applying to be a candidate.
The next day, Corbyn announced to his local newspaper, The Islington Tribune, that he would become a candidate in the election.
Before he could become a candidate he had to secure at least 35 nominations from MPs.
In the end he got 36.
Some of the MPs who nominated him didn't think he would win and only nominated him to have a 'broader debate'.
Some, including former foreign secretary Margaret Becket, told journalists they regretted the decision.
When he was accepted as a candidate Corbyn said: "This decision is in response to an overwhelming call by Labour Party members who want to see a broader range of candidates and a thorough debate about the future of the party.
I am standing to give Labour Party members a voice in this debate".
He would run against candidates Yvette Cooper, Andy Burnham and Liz Kendall.
Corbyn was elected party leader in a landslide victory on 12 September 2015 with 59.5% of first-preference votes in the first round of voting.
It has been said that Corbyn would have won in the first round with 51% of votes.
Corbyn's 40.5% majority was larger than that won by Tony Blair in 1994.
After being elected leader on 12 September 2015, Corbyn became Leader of the Official Opposition.
On 14 September 2015, his seat in the Privy Council was announced.
During his time as leader, Corbyn wanted to stop the "theatrical" nature of the House of Commons.
His first months as leader was called as "a good start" and a "long overdue" change by The Guardian.
He made his first annual address as leader on 29 September 2015.
As Leader of the Opposition, he was made a member of the Privy Council on 11 November 2015.
The phrase, "Corbynmania", is used for the large amount of support given by his supporters.
On 16 June 2016, MP Jo Cox was assassinated after being stabbed multiple times by far-right supporter Thomas Mair.
In the aftermath of the assassination, Corbyn described Cox as someone who was "dedicated to getting us to live up to our promises to support the developing world and strengthen human rights".
In June 2017, Corbyn made an appearance at the 2017 Glastonbury Festival, where he addressed the crowd.
The crowd chanted "Oh, Jeremy Corbyn" and sang to the tune of "Seven Nation Army", a song by The White Stripes.
Corbyn talked about the importance of young people going out and vote.
Military intervention in Syria
After members of ISIS carried out terrorist attacks in Paris in November 2015, Corbyn said that the only way to deal with the threat by ISIS would be to reach a political settlement and ending the Syrian Civil War.
Corbyn voted against military power and airstrikes on ISIS.
EU referendum results and cabinet resignations
In June 2016, Corbyn said he supported the United Kingdom staying in the European Union.
After the United Kingdom voted on leaving the European Union, many Labour leaders wanted Corbyn to resign.
After the referendum, many members of Corbyn's Shadow cabinet resigned because they did not like Corbyn's leadership.
Hilary Benn called Corbyn to tell him that he had "lost confidence" in his leadership.
Corbyn later asked for his resignation from the Shadow Cabinet on 26 June.
Heidi Alexander resigned from the Shadow Cabinet hours later, followed by Gloria de Piero, Ian Murray, Lilian Greenwood, Lucy Powell, Kerry McCarthy, Seema Malhotra, Vernon Coaker, Charlie Falconer, and Chris Bryant.
Other Shadow Cabinet Ministers, including John McDonnell, Andy Burnham, Diane Abbott, Jon Trickett, Angela Smith, Emily Thornberry and Lord Bassam of Brighton have either supported Corbyn's leadership directly or have said that it was not a good time for a "rebellion".
By mid-afternoon 27 June 2016, 23 of the 31 shadow cabinet members had resigned their roles as did seven parliamentary private secretaries.
Leadership crisis
On 28 June 2016, he lost the vote of confidence by Labour Party MPs by 172–40.
He said with a statement that the motion had no "constitutional legitimacy" and that he intended to continue as the elected leader.
A YouGov poll of Labour party members found that about 50% expected to support Corbyn if a leadership ballot was called.
London Mayor Sadiq Khan, who did not take a side in the dispute, said "When Labour splits, when we're divided, we lose elections".
The division between Corbyn and the Labour parliamentary party continued.
On 11 July 2016, Angela Eagle announced her candidacy to run against Corbyn in the upcoming 2016 Labour Party leadership election.
On 13 July former shadow minister Owen Smith also announced his leadership challenge.
On the 19 July, Eagle quit the race after Smith got 90 nominations to her 70.
Eagle said she resigned 'in the best interests of the party.'
This was because having two anti Corbyn candidates in the race could split the vote and give him a better chance of winning.
Response to the Chilcot report
The Chilcot report of the Iraq Inquiry was issued on 6 July 2016.
It criticised the former Labour PM Tony Blair for joining the United States in the war against Iraq.
Corbyn was against the war in Iraq.
In response, Corbyn apologised to the people of Iraq, families of British soldiers who died and to the British people.
After the election of Donald Trump in the 2016 United States presidential elections, Corbyn said that he believes that Trump is not solving problems, but dividing the United States.
Corbyn also said he supports the idea for Trump to be banned from visiting the United Kingdom over his executive order on banning visitors from certain majority-Muslim countries from entering the United States.
In June 2019, Corbyn refused an invitation to attend a state banquet for Donald Trump, hosted by Queen Elizabeth II during the president's June visit to the United Kingdom.
Corbyn then attended a London protest outside Trump and May's joint press conference and requested a meeting with Trump to talk about issues such as the "climate emergency, threats to peace and the refugee crisis".
Trump rejected the request, saying that Corbyn was a "negative force".
Article 50
In January 2017, Corbyn announced that he would support a three-line plan to force Labour MPs in support of triggering Article 50, which would start the removal of the United Kingdom from the European Union.
In response, many Labour members said they would vote against the bill.
Tulip Siddiq, the shadow minister for early years, and Jo Stevens, the Shadow Welsh Secretary resigned in protest.
On 1 February, forty seven Labour MPs went against Corbyn's plan on the second reading of the bill.
May 2017 local elections
At the 2017 local elections in May, Labour under Corbyn lost almost 400 councillors and control of Derbyshire and Nottinghamshire county council.
The BBC's Projected National Vote Share was 38% for the Conservatives, 27% for Labour, 18% for the Liberal Democrats and 5% for UKIP, with others on around 12%.
Corbyn said he supported Prime Minister Theresa May's idea for an early general election while awaiting parliamentary approval.
He said he would urge his party to support the government's move in the parliamentary vote announced for on 19 April.
A  majority of MPs is necessary for a general election to be called before 2020.
After the 2017 general election
After the 2017 election, a poll put Labour on 45% with the Conservatives on 39%, the first poll to show Labour ahead with Corbyn as leader.
4% more voters approve of Corbyn than disapprove.
Corbyn announced that the party was being placed on "permanent campaign mode", hoping for another general election to be called as soon as fall 2017.
He began a number of rallies in important seats, including Hastings and Rye, Southampton Itchen and Bournemouth West.
After Theresa May's Brexit proposal failed in the House of Commons on 15 January 2019, Corbyn filled a motion of no confidence towards the May ministry.
The motion failed in a 325 to 306 vote.
In March 2019, Corbyn was assaulted by a Brexit supporter outside a mosque in Finsbury Park, north London.
His attacker was sentenced to 28 days in jail.
In March 2019, Corbyn said that he could vote leave in a second referendum, depending on the Brexit deal on offer.
At the end of Theresa May's time as Prime Minister, she had a small lead over Corbyn in the best Prime Minister polling question.
However, following the appointment of Boris Johnson as Prime Minister in July 2019, he gained double-digit leads over Corbyn on this question, although he was seen to be "more in touch" with ordinary people than Johnson.
June 2017 Shadow Cabinet
A year after most of his Shadow Cabinet resigned, Corbyn removed three Shadow Cabinet members and a fourth resigned.
This was after they went against the Labour Party's orders to not vote on the motion aimed at keeping the United Kingdom in the European Union single market.
Antisemitism accusations
In March 2018, it was revealed that Labour Party members, including Corbyn, some of his office staff and MPs belonged to a secret Facebook group where antisemitic comments were freely made.
He left the group after becoming Labour leader in 2015.
According to the Huffington Post he was enrolled by someone else in 2014 and had only made a small number of posts.
Later in March 2018, a spokesman for the Labour leader admitted Corbyn had posted a comment on Facebook in 2012 questioning the removal of an  allegedly antisemitic mural in London.
This became controversial with Corbyn releasing a statement that said: “I sincerely regret that I did not look more closely at the image I was commenting on, the contents of which are deeply disturbing and antisemitic,” he said. “
The defence of free speech cannot be used as a justification for the promotion of antisemitism in any form.
That is a view I’ve always held.”.
2019 general election and resignation
On 29 October 2019, Prime Minister Boris Johnson announced that the next general election would be held on 12 December 2019.
The reason was so that Conservatives could win a majority in parliament to pass a Brexit bill.
Labour were left with just over 200 seats, their worst result since 1935.
However, the party's share of the vote was higher than in 2015 and 2010.
Conservatives won seats in England and Wales that were traditionally Labour seats, in a move the British media called: "a realignment of UK politics".
After the Labour Party's had massive losses in the election, Corbyn stated that he plans to step down following a period of reflection causing a leadership contest.
Corbyn said that he had "pride in the manifesto" that Labour put forward for the election and blamed the defeat on Brexit.
On 3 April 2020, in a final message to Labour Party members while leader of the party, Corbyn said, "I can assure you my voice will not be stilled.
I’ll be out there campaigning for socialism, peace and justice, and I feel sure we’ll be doing that together."
He also claimed that Labour in the last five years under his leadership had "changed the agenda on austerity and how the economy is run".
After a report by the Equality and Human Rights Commission, the Labour Party suspended Corbyn in October 2020.
They did this because he said that he would not accept what the report had found.
On 17 November 2020, Corbyn was given a formal warning and was given party membership again.
Party leader Sir Keir Starmer has not yet give Corbyn party-related responsibilites again.
On 26 November, Corbyn's lawyers pushed for legal action against the Labour Party for suspending Corbyn's party whip.
Corbyn's claim is that he and Starmer had agreed to a deal to readmit him to the party.
His party duties will be suspended at least until February 2021 until an investigation into Corbyn's anti-Semitism accusations can finish.
Post-leadership activities
On 13 December 2020, Corbyn announced that he would be creating the Project for Peace and Justice the following month.
It would focus on environmentalism, international peace, poverty, social inequality and corporation power.
Corbyn launched the Project on 17 January 2021.
In 1974, Corbyn married Jane Chapman.
In 1987, Corbyn married Chilean-born Claudia Bracchitta.
Corbyn said in June 2015 that he continues to "get on very well" with his former wife.
In 2013, Corbyn married Laura Álvarez.
He lives in Finsbury Park in London.
In an interview by The Huffington Post in December 2015, Corbyn did not want to say what his religion was, saying that it is a "private thing", while saying that he was not an atheist.
In January 2016 it was announced that a satirical musical based on Corbyn's life would be staged at the Waterloo East Theatre in London later in the year.
BBC News suggested that Corbyn the Musical: The Motorcycle Diaries "may be the first stage show written about a leader of the opposition".
Corbyn has been against Private Finance Initiative (PFI) and supported a higher rate of income tax for the richest in society.
He wants to stop tax evasion by adding £1 billion in HM Revenue and Customs.
Corbyn has said that the National Health Service (NHS) should be "completely publicly run and publicly accountable".
He is a supporter of the NHS Reinstatement Bill 2015.
Corbyn does not support the Private Finance Initiative.
Corbyn did not support sending British troops to retake the Falkland Islands.
He called it a "nauseating waste of lives and money".
Corbyn has supported same-sex marriage and LGBT rights.
Corbyn voted in favour of the Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013, that allowed same-sex marriage in England and Wales.
He has been a longtime environmentalist and does not support hydraulic fracturing.
Corbyn is a supporter of animal rights.
He also supports re-nationalisation of the UK's train system, meaning they will be owned and run by the government and not by businesses.
Islington North Labour Party
Jeremy Corbyn MP, Grassroot Diplomat
BBC: The Jeremy Corbyn Story: Profile of Labour's New Leader
Guardian articles authored
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Alejandro Maldonado Aguirre (born January 6, 1936) is a Guatemalan politician.
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Simo Veli Atte Salminen (8 November 1932 – 2 September 2015) was a Finnish comic-actor.
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He was known for his roles in Pähkähullu Suomi and in Koeputkiaikuinen ja Simon enkelit.
H. Bruce Franklin (born 1934), author and historian who was expelled from his Stanford University professorship for involvement in a leftist group
Joshua Lederberg (1925–2008), geneticist who received the 1958 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for work in bacterial genetics; born in Montclair
Ronald T. Raines (born 1958), chemical biologist and expert on the chemistry and biology of proteins
Kenneth B. Smith (1931-2008), President of the Board of Education of the Chicago Public Schools; President of the Chicago Theological Seminary
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Edward Weston (1850–1936), electrical engineer and inventor whose Weston Electrical Instrument Company won the contract to illuminate the Brooklyn Bridge
Virginia Hamilton Adair (1913–2004), poet
Jonathan Alter (born 1957), Newsweek magazine journalist
Jim Axelrod, national correspondent for CBS News; reporter for the CBS Evening News
Eric Boehlert, journalist, author, frequent contributor to The Huffington Post and contributing editor to Rolling Stone
David Carr (1956-2015), media and culture columnist for The New York Times
Wendy Coakley-Thompson (born 1966), author of the novel Back to Life
Cojo, Art Juggernaut (born 1977), artist, writer, cartoonist
Fleur Cowles (1908–2009), painter, journalist, hostess, socialite and founder of Flair magazine; claimed to have been born in Montclair but records from the United States Census Bureau indicate that she was born in New York City
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Frank Bunker Gilbreth (1868–1924) and Lillian Moller Gilbreth (1878–1972), and their twelve children, featured in the autobiography Cheaper by the Dozen and Belles on Their Toes by Ernestine Gilbreth Carey and Frank Bunker Gilbreth, Jr.
Bob Herbert, (born 1945), syndicated op-ed columnist for The New York Times
Ken Johnson, (born 1953), art critic for The New York Times
Jon Katz (born 1947), author
Peter King (born 1957), journalist and Sports Illustrated senior writer
Michael Laser (born 1954), author
Donna Leon (born 1942), novelist
Arthur Levine (born 1962), editor, author, and publisher of children's books, including the American editions of the Harry Potter series
Anne McCaffrey (1926–2011), a prolific writer of fantasy and science fiction best known for her Dragonriders of Pern series
Susan Meddaugh, author of the Martha Speaks series of children's books, whose first home in Montclair was 33 Fairfield Street, where Martha the talking dog "lives" now
Isabel Paterson (1886–1961), journalist, novelist, political philosopher, author of The God of the Machine
Andrew Rosenthal (born 1956), editorial page editor of The New York Times; son of the paper's former executive editor A.M. Rosenthal
Lee Siegel (born 1957), writer and cultural critic
Richard Wesley (born 1945), screenwriter and playwright
Valerie Wilson Wesley (born 1947), mystery writer
Jana Winter, Fox News Channel reporter
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Jack McCollough (born 1978), fashion designer; co-creator of Proenza Schouler
Louise Vyent, Dutch-born fashion model and portrait photographer
Paul Kinsey, on Mad Men
Millicent Kent, in David Foster Wallace's novel Infinite Jest
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Marnie Michaels, on Girls
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Thomas Ball (1819–1911), sculptor
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George Inness, (1825–1894), landscape painter
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Dorothy Canning Miller (1904–2003), art curator