the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
The chief crops are citrus, (oranges, grapefruit, and tangerine), as well as bananas.
Recently oil was found in Spanish Lookout and is now in production.
In addition to the ruins listed above there are several other important nature reserves including two National Parks, Blue Hole (park) and Guanacaste National Park.
Ecotourism is also an important part of the region's economy.
Corozal District is the northernmost district of the nation of Belize.
The population was 33,335 as of 2000.
The district capital is Corozal Town.
Spanish is the most spoken language in Corozal, followed by English.
80% speak Spanish very well and 60% speak English very well.
Orange Walk District is a district in the northwest of the nation of Belize.
The district capital is Orange Walk Town.
The population was 45,419 persons in 2010.
The Rio Bravo Conservation and Management Area, a large private nature reserve in the Yalbac Hills, is in this district.
The land is highly cultivated with sugar cane, sorghum, rice, corn and vegetables.
A lot of this agriculture is done by Mennonite farmers.
Tourism  is growing.
This is due to healthy populations of tropical wildlife and the rich archaeological sites.
There are over 400 recorded bird species in the district.
The district has two rivers, the Rio Hondo and the New River.
Stann Creek District is a district in the south east region of Belize.
According to the 2010 census, the district had a population of 32,166 people.
Its capital is the city of Dangriga.
Dangriga used to be called "Stann Creek Town."
Stann comes from "stanns," or safe havens used by colonialists coming from the "old world" to the "new world."
The Stann Creek District is home to the Cockscomb Basin Wildlife Sanctuary.
In the sanctuary is Victoria Peak, the highest point in Belize, at 1120 meters (3,675 feet) above sea level.
Toledo District is the southernmost district in Belize.
Punta Gorda is the district capital.
It is the least developed region in the country.
It has some of the most clean rainforests, many caves, coastal lowland plains, and offshore cays.
Toledo is home to a wide range of cultures—from Mopan and Kekchi Maya, to Creole, the Garifuna, East Indians, Mennonites, Mestizos, and descendants of US Confederate settlers.
The economy of Toledo relies heavily on agriculture.
Crops grown include beans and corn, as well as rice.
Cacao is grown for the renowned Maya Gold chocolate.
The District’s ancient and modern-day links with chocolate are celebrated each year in May.
The Vietnamese alphabet (chữ Quốc ngữ in Vietnamese) is a version of the Latin alphabet used to write the Vietnamese language.
It uses all of the letters of the ISO Basic Latin Alphabet except for F, J, W, and Z (which are only found in loanwords).
However, the alphabet has been changed heavily in order to accurately show Vietnamese pronunciation.
Some letters and digraphs make very different sounds than what most readers of the Latin alphabet expect, such as D, R, and GI.
One letter has been added, Đ, to show it is a completely different sound from D. Vowel markers are added in order to distinguish different vowel sounds like A, Â, and Ǎ. Tone markers are also added, because Vietnamese is a tonal language, such as Á, Ả, Ã, Ạ, and À. Some vowels have both a vowel marker and a tone marker.
For example, the vowel Ǎ can be written as Ắ, Ẳ, Ẵ, Ặ, and Ằ. Sometimes, even non-speakers of Vietnamese can tell something is written in Vietnamese simply based on how many markings a word can have.
Unlike many other Asian languages that are mainly written using an Asian-made writing system, Vietnamese is mainly written using the Latin alphabet, which came from Europe.
Before the Vietnamese used the Latin alphabet, they used a writing system based on the Chinese character system called chữ nôm.
Chinese loanwords were written the same as they were in Chinese, but thousands more characters were invented write native Vietnamese words.
Due to the amount of time it took to learn the system, the literacy rate in Vietnam was low when this system was used.
In the 17th century, Portuguese Catholic missionaries created a writing system based on their own Latin alphabet to translate Vietnamese and to make it easier to learn for Europeans.
When Vietnam first became a French colony, the Vietnamese alphabet and 'chữ nôm' were used alongside each other.
Today, however, only the Vietnamese alphabet is used in Vietnam, and very few Vietnamese can read 'chữ nôm.'
Letters of the alphabet
Vietnamese characters
This letter is a word: 'ở, it means at (or where, place).
The Latin alphabet
The first set of changed letters
This changed set of characters makes new alphabet letters for use in the Vietnamese language.
They are an extension to the set of Latin characters already used.
English doesn't extend the alphabet.
English just uses the same written characters over again, to denote different (letter) sounds.
For example: ape, angry, all, art, aorta, and apple.
For the Vietnamese language, sounds are split up with their own letter/character changes.
'đ' is makes the same sound as the English d.
'd' in the Vietnamese alphabet is y (in Southern Vietnam), 'd' is z (in Northern Vietnam).
'a, â, ă' are just different ah letters.
'u, ư' are different oo letters - never, ever an uh/ah sound.
'e,  ê' are just eh and ey - but they may sound different to English e in use.
'o, ô, ơ'  are just oh, oe, and ur - but they still all sound like o's from English.
The school alphabet
a, b, c, d, e, g, h, i, k, l, m, n, o, p, q, r, s, t, u, v, x, y - ô, ơ, â,  ă, ê, ư, đ
Vietnamese schools teach the alphabet with these 29 letters.
The total number of possible letters is much higher if diacritical marks are added.
The F, J, W, Z are not used in native Vietnamese words.
Only loanwords borrowed from other languages use these letters.
Making the vowel sounds
These are the tone rules for vowels with different sounds.
It's like music where only the correct sound can come from the instrument.
It doesn't matter which instrument, as long as the sound follows the rules.
Note: This is a spoken language so musical pitch or lilt is not the most changed sound quality.
Different voices have different musical pitches.
What the speaker will change is the intensity, and time given to the sound parts for each letter (or word).
If a speaker uses strong pitch changes, it will probably be for pronunciation.
Treatment of the Alphabet
Sounds similar to letters
Before, the alphabet was arranged from 'a to z' by foreign dictionaries, it included two letter sounds.
The letters are like two letter sounds in English. '
Ch' in mechanic, or Christmas are good examples.
In Viet characters the 'j'(jeh) sound has an equal (sound) that is written as 'tr'(jeh).
Letters like 'Tr' used to be in every dictionary's order right in between the other alphabet letters.
Another sound is 'ph'. '
Ph' is very famous - it's used in 'phở' the most famous Vietnamese soup in the world. '
Ph' is an 'f' sound, just like in English - 'phone'.
KH
NGH
TR (preserved as "T + R" by some Southern (Vietnam) speakers).
The order
The syllables
Because of a relationship with East Asian languages (Japanese,Chinese etc.)
the Vietnamese words can be moved around in their order.
The reversal of the syllable-words moves them to another position in the dictionary.
Also, the syllable-words can be held behind different syllable-words - like the articles in English.
It's best to use a computer query to find them.
The alphabet in daily life
Young Vietnamese learners will spend a lot of time with this alphabet.
Correction is very common.
The need for correction is used in many comedies about uneducated people.
Comedies about foreigners are becoming very common too.
The reason for all the attention is how quickly the meaning will change.
To say "I have a sore head, somewhere" ("đầu của tôi là đau đâu!"
in Vietnamese) is nearly impossible for (foreign) learners on their first day.
A learner will only hear 'dow, dow dow' or 'dough, dough, dough' or 'dow, dough, dough' which does not help when listening.
The same problem can be stated in English - 'four forks for foreigners' foreheads forthwith!'
Each word in Vietnamese can be identical to another word, except for the sounds/tones/letter-changes.
The sound is also identical to the ears of English speakers that allow for expression (sound changes) still.
Foreign characters/letters
From English
The world includes Vietnam!
So, the other letters 'j, f, w and z' are now OK to use in many places - on billboards, posters, T-shirts...  But, if you work for any type of Vietnamese authority or association, then limit their use until the authority declares them as acceptable letters.
But, the other alphabets that are used in English might not be accepted.
For example: the Greek alphabet is very useful for English speakers - but in Vietnam it can lack meaning - it would be a decoration for the general population.
Educated people will know more letters from the Greek alphabet.
From Chinese
Vietnamese used to be written in Chinese characters.
A variety for Vietnamese is used in traditional culture.
Many Chinese speakers find Vietnamese easy to grasp.
The combination of two words is very common to Chinese.
Example: phat am, Hong Kong/Xiong Gong etc. .
Combined characters
'Diphthongs' are the next most important step to understanding the use of Vietnamese letters.
The combination of toned vowels as dipthongs and triphthongs makes the Vietnamese language very fast.
Some phrases can be spoken clearly without a strong clarity from consonants.
It's very hard for English speakers to follow the combinations of sounds, especially vowels.
Northern vs. southern accent
There are many differences between northern and southern dialects of Vietnamese.
Hanoi is the standard for northern dialects and Saigon is the standard for southern dialects.
As mentioned earlier, northern Vietnamese pronounce the letter D like the English "Z", while southern Vietnamese pronounce it like the English "Y".
For example, Diem would sound like "ziem" in northern accents, but like "yem" in southern accents.
Northern Vietnamese also pronounce the letters GI like the English "Z", while southern Vietnamese also pronounce it like the English "Y".
For example, Giap would sound like "zap" in northern accents, but like "yap" in southern accents.
Northern Vietnamese pronounce the letter R like the English "Z", while southern Vietnamese pronounce it like the English "R".
For example, Rang would sound like "zang" in northern accents, but like "rang" in southern accents.
Northern Vietnamese pronounce the letter V like the English "V", while southern Vietnamese pronounce it like the English "Y".
For example, Viet would sound like "viet" in northern accents, but like "yet" in southern accents.
Northern Vietnamese pronounce the letter S like the English "S", while southern Vietnamese pronounce it like the English "SH".
For example, Saigon would sound like "saigon" in northern accents, but like "shaigon" in southern accents.
The alphabet in computers
The Vietnamese keyboard is always virtual (in software).
Nobody can buy a computer keyboard for Vietnamese, in Vietnam.
The common QWERTY keyboard is used in Vietnam.
Software programs for Vietnamese characters are very common.
On a webpage
The webpage is usually set to include the UTF-8 standard when using the Vietnamese alphabet.
If the design of the characters is strange the designer of a web-page will set the font to plain "Arial".
Some special fonts have been made for Vietnamese alphabets.
Some software is free to use.
An open-source software program for the Vietnamese keyboard has already been written.
Downloaded keyboards
Trani is a seaport city in the Apulia region of southern Italy.
Its main industries are wine-making, fishing, and mining.
The number of people living in Trani in 2011 was 53,940.
History of Trani
The old name of Trani was  or Tirenum.
An old myth says that Tirenus built the city.
Tirenus was the son of Diomedes, a hero in ancient Greece who fought in the Trojan War.
The city was on an ancient Roman map called the .
It was the first map to show this city.
The map was made in the 3rd century.
At first, Trani was a very small city and not very important.
It started to grow and be more important in the 9th century.
At that time, the Lombards (a Germanic people) ruled Trani.
Later, the Byzantine Empire ruled the city.
The Normans took over Trani from the Byzantine Empire in the 11th century.
From the 11th century until the 13th century, Trani was a rich and very important city.
This was especially true when the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II ruled Trani.
Trani was an important port for the Knights Templar during the Crusades.
People came from all over Italy to do business there.
Many churches, palaces, and castles were built in Trani during this time.
Many Jews lived in Trani at this time.
There were 200 Jewish families and four big synagogues in the city.
Isaiah di Trani,  one of the most famous rabbis of the Middle Ages, lived there.
After Frederick II died in 1250, there was trouble in Trani.
In the next 300 years, there were wars between the Angevins, Aragon and Venice over who should rule Trani.
The city became poorer and less important.
Trani was almost destroyed during the French Revolutionary Wars at the end of the 18th century.
Many people in the town were against the French Revolution.
In March 1799, they rioted and killed many members of the city's most important families.
When the French army saw this, they attacked the city on April 1, 1799.
The army killed many people and burned Trani's buildings.
Over 1000 people died in the riots and the French attack.
Trani began to grow again in the middle of the 19th century.
It grew even more in the 20th century.
By 2011, 53,940 people lived in the city.
Today, the main industries in Trani are wine-making, fishing, and mining.
Trani is famous for a sweet wine called .
The grapes for this wine are grown in the Trani countryside.
Fruit and olives for making olive oil are other important crops for Trani.
There are mines for bauxite just outside the city.
There are also quarries for a special kind of rock called  (Trani stone).
Trani has special factories for cutting this stone.
Many buildings in Trani and in southern Italy are made from this stone.
Trani stone was used to build the ports in Malta and Egypt.
Trani also has some small factories for making clothes and shoes.
This big castle was built in 1233 by Frederick II, a Holy Roman Emperor.
Frederick's son, Manfred, King of Sicily, married Princess Helena Doukaina in this castle.
Cathedral of Trani.
This beautiful Romanesque style cathedral is dedicated to Nicholas the Pilgrim, a saint from Greece who died in Trani in 1094.
He is the patron saint of Trani.
Palazzo Caccetta.
This palace was built in 1456 by Simone Caccetta, a very rich man from Trani.
People from Venice used this palace in the early 1500s.
At that time, Venice ruled Trani.
Scolanova Synagogue.
This medieval synagogue was changed into a church in 1380.
At that time, the Jews in Trani were sent away or made to become Christians.
In 2006, it became a synagogue again.
Famous people from Trani
Giovanni Bovio (1837 – 1903), philosopher
Luigi Chiarelli (1880 – 1947), playwright
Domenico Sarro (1679 – 1744), composer
Bode, Charles (1974).
Wines of Italy.
Courier Dover Publications
Facaros, Dana and Pauls, Michael (2004).
New Holland Publishers
Facility Project (Funded by the European Union). "
Apulia Region Market Analysis"
Kleinhenz, Christopher (2004). "
Trani", Medieval Italy: An Encyclopedia, Volume 2.
Licinio, Raffaele (1994).
Castelli medievali: Puglia e Basilicata, dai Normanni a Federico II e Carlo I D'Angiò.
Edizioni Dedalo.
Zivotofsky, Ari and Greenspan, Ari (28 August 2006). "
Jewish again in Trani".
Official website of the City of Trani
A province in Vietnam () is the region of authority.
If the province is in the city (), then it will have districts ().
If the city has some country districts attached, then they are separated as counties ().
Inside the city, the districts break down into smaller divisions called city wards ().
If the county is outside the city, or in a country province, then that county will be broken down into smaller divisional areas ().
Hems are blind alleys that house families away from city streets.
Hems are little hamlets inside the city.
In the country, a commune () may make up an area or more.
Communes are for cheaper land and cooperative work.
Some communes make factories and employ the people living there.
Cultural housing () is another small division.
Cultural homes can have a center or living quarters attached.
Other divisional areas are held by different departments of the national government.
Some people live in the department zones.
Administration units
Five city provinces are directly under the government of Vietnam.
Administratively, each city is divided into districts and counties.
Each city has smaller level administrative units, including the districts, wards, communes, and areas.
Administration includes the total area in kilometers square, an official census of the city's population (per million people), and the density of people (per kilometers square).
Concentration is usually in the inner city, including more people, with closer living.
The country districts have less people.
Administration of each city is done through the City People's Council, with representatives elected directly every five years.
Elected representatives decide the plans for economic development, culture, education, and all other responsibilities.
The Head of the People's Council consists of a chairman, a vice chairman, and permanent members.
Councils are under the supervision and guidance from the National Assembly Standing Committee.
The City People's Council elects the People's Committee, it is the agency directly responsible for the management of the political, security, economic, and cultural interests of the city.
The departments of the People's Committee will manage specific areas, such as health, education, investment, justice, finance .
In addition, the People's Committee also manages a number of corporations in the city.
The government of Vietnam names at least one level of every location a commune.
There is a slight difference between an active commune (Xa), and an administrative commune (Xa Huyen).
Some communes are very active as cooperatives.
In other areas (and in other divisions) the residents have more to do than just commune activities.
It's a difference created by the market-economy.
Not everyone elects to work for the commune - in commune jobs.
Investment and ownership
Foreigners don't normally invest in the cultural homes directly.
And, little or no re-gentrification has been occurring after progress.
Hems are different.
Hems are transformed into beautiful villas/towns.
Some hems have a full circuit of interior roadways that allow for better communities.
Many cities are beautified in arrangement between departments, province, district, ward, local committees, and residents.
However, this is the source of numerous disputes/arguments.
The management of the activity doesn't satisfy all the people involved.
But, some people are happy with the result - some people choose to get paid to demolish their own house for the progress of a city plan.
Every division is described so that a committee can manage it.
In some provinces committees have established industrial parks.
Foreign investment is directed at larger divisions (provinces) who can grant tax and regulation help and incentives.
local government list at the national governments website, shows every province name
Containerization is a system of freight transport based on a range of steel containers ("shipping containers", "ISO containers" etc.).
Containers are built to standardized sizes.
They can be loaded and unloaded, stacked, transported over long distances.
They can be transferred from one mode of transport to another—ships, rail and semi-trailer trucks—without being opened.
The system developed after World War II.
It led to greatly reduced transport costs, and supported a great increase in international trade.
Containerization has its origins in coal mining regions in England from the late 18th century onwards. "
Loose boxes" were used to containerize coal from the late 1780s, at places like the Bridgewater Canal.
They were used for moving coal on and off barges.
By the 1830s, railroads on several continents were carrying containers that could be transferred to other modes of transport.
The Liverpool and Manchester Railway in the United Kingdom was one such. "
Simple timber boxes, four to a wagon, they were used to convey coal from the Lancashire collieries to Liverpool, where they were transferred to horse drawn carts by crane".
By the 1840s, iron boxes were in use as well as wooden ones.
The early 1900s saw closed container boxes designed for movement between road and rail.
In the United Kingdom, several railway companies were using similar containers by the beginning of the 20th century and in the 1920s the Railway Clearing House standardized the RCH container.
Five- or ten-foot-long, wooden and non-stackable, these early standard containers were a great success.
From 1926 to 1947 in the US, the Chicago North Shore and Milwaukee Railway carried motor carrier vehicles and shippers' vehicles loaded on flatcars between Milwaukee, Wisconsin and Chicago, Illinois.
Beginning in 1929, Seatrain Lines carried railroad boxcars on its sea vessels between New York and Cuba.
During World War II the Australian Army used containers.
These non-stackable containers were about the size of the later 20 foot ISO container and perhaps made mainly of wood.
1950s expansion
Toward the end of World War II, the United States Army used containers to speed the loading and unloading of transport ships.
The army used the term "transporters" for shipping household goods of officers in the field.
A "transporter" was a reusable container,  long,  wide, and  high, made of rigid steel with a carrying capacity of 9,000 pounds.
In 1952 the army began using the term CONEX, short for "Container Express".
The first major shipment of CONEXes, containing engineering supplies and spare parts, was made by rail from the Columbus General Depot in Georgia to the Port of San Francisco, then by ship to Yokohama, Japan, and then to Korea.
In 1955, a trucking company owner, Malcom McLean, worked with engineer Keith Tantlinger to develop the modern container.
The challenge was to design a shipping container that could be loaded onto ships and held securely for long sea voyages.
The result was a  tall by  wide box in -long units constructed from  thick corrugated steel.
The design had a twistlock mechanism on top each of the four corners.
This meant the container could be easily secured and lifted by cranes.
After helping McLean make the successful design, Tantlinger convinced him to give the patented designs to the industry.
This began international standardization of shipping containers.
The U.S. Department of Defense standardized an 8'×8' cross section container in multiples of 10' lengths for military use.
This was exactly the standard proposed by McLean and Tantlinger in Britain, and it was rapidly adopted for shipping purposes.
Shipping industry standard
There are many variations on the standard 8'x8'x10' size, but the use of containers for transport is now world-wide.
In addition to ships, containers are universally used on planes for international air transport.
Countries with large rail networks still use containers for much of their freight transport.
Ports round the world have been adapted to freight transport by container.
The ships that carry containers are huge, and ports must have depth and size to dock ships.
China is by far the world's largest user of container transport.
Container ships cannot get down the Thames to London, so a modern container port was built at Felixtowe on the Suffolk coast.
The Port of Felixtowe is the UK's largest container port, and carries 35% of the UK container cargo.
However, it is only the 29th busiest container port in the world.
World #1 container port is Shanghai, China; #2 is Singapore, and #3 is Rotterdam, Netherlands.
Top U.S. container port is South Louisiana at #9, just in front of Houston.
These rankings are by millions of tons.
The use of containers has caused increased efficiency in loading and unloading.
Also, there have been changes in short-term storage and handling in ports.
BBC News home page for The Box project; Image of The Box
Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne is a French commune in the Savoie department.
Its population is about 8,507 (2008 census).
Zoe Saldana (born 19 June 1978) is an American actress.
She had her breakthrough roles in Center Stage (2000) and Crossroads (2002).
She was born in Passaic, New Jersey.
This is a list of freighter shipping fleets.
The largest shipping companies are European and Asian.
This list is in order of size, with the largest first.
In 2009, for example, Nippon Yusen Kaisha (NYK) was the tenth in size worldwide.
,  also known as NYK Line, is one of the largest shipping companies in the world.
It is a core Mitsubishi company.
The company has its headquarters in Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan.
The company history began with the Tsukumo Shokai shipping company which was founded by the Tosa clan in 1870.
List of container transport fleets
Company website (in English)
NYK Group official history
Transport companies of Japan
Elizabeth Ann Warren (née Herring; born June 22, 1949) is an American politician and Senior United States Senator of Massachusetts since January 3, 2013.
She is a Democrat and a bankruptcy law expert.
She was also an assistant to President Barack Obama.
She supports student loan forgiveness, banking regulation, and consumer protection regulations.
Warren was an unsuccessful candidate for the 2020 Democratic nomination.
Warren was seen as a possible running mate pick for Joe Biden's campaign.
Pre-senate career
Before she was a senator, Warren taught bankruptcy law at Harvard Law School.
She interviewed hundreds of people who were going through bankruptcy or struggling to avoid bankruptcy.
She gained a thorough understanding of the causes of bankruptcy and financial difficulties that families face in the United States.
She wrote several books about these struggles, and about the institutions that make money by making it hard for people to escape from these difficulties.
She and her daughter Amelia Warren Tyagi are the co-authors of a book called The Two-Income Trap.
Warren has also written several other books, including A Fighting Chance and This Fight is Our Fight.
2020 campaign
Warren announced her plans to run for President in the 2020 election in December 2018.
In February 2019, she announced her candidacy for president.
Warren ended her campaign on March 5, 2020 after failing to win any primaries and falling to third place in Massachusetts' primary.
After Joe Biden won the nomination, she became one of the final four finalists for his running mate pick.
ENCODE is the Encyclopedia of DNA Elements.
Encode was launched in 2003 to identify all the functional elements (working bits) in the human genome.
The work was done by over 400 scientists in 32 laboratories in the US, UK, Spain, Singapore and Japan.
Their findings were published in 30 open-access papers in three journals, Nature, Genome Biology and Genome Research.
It is the most detailed analysis to date of the human genome.
Only 1% of the genome codes for proteins.
That is about 21,000 genes.
70,000 sequences code for 'promotor' regions.
They are upstream of the genes, where proteins bind to control gene expression.
There are about 400,000 'enhancer' regions which regulate distant genes.
There are four million gene 'switches'.
These are DNA sequences which control when genes are switched on or off.
They are often a long way on the genome from the gene they control.
About 80% of the genome has a definite biochemical function.
The idea that most of the DNA is "junk DNA" is definitely wrong. "
The vast majority of the human genome does not code for proteins and, until now, did not seem to contain defined gene-regulatory elements.
Why evolution would maintain large amounts of 'useless' DNA had remained a mystery, and seemed wasteful.
It turns out, however, that there are good reasons to keep this DNA.
Results from the ENCODE project show that most of these stretches of DNA harbour regions that bind proteins and RNA molecules, bringing these into positions from which they cooperate with each other to regulate the function and level of expression of protein-coding genes".
Evolution is caused both by changes in the genes which code for proteins and in the DNA which codes for regulatory control.
"One of the great challenges in evolutionary biology is to understand how differences in DNA sequence between species determine differences in their phenotypes.
Evolutionary change may occur both through changes in protein-coding sequences and through sequence changes that alter gene regulation".
They isolated and sequenced the RNA transcribed from the genome.
They identified the binding sites for about 120 transcription products.
They examined patterns of chemical modification made to histones.
This was to find regions where gene expression is boosted or suppressed.
They did 1648 experiments on 147 cell types.
An individual patient's cancer has about 50 genetic mutations, but the mutations differ between individuals.
A biotech company, Life Technologies, has announced a laserprinter-size machine which can sequence a human genome in a day or two instead of weeks.
It costs $149,000.
Other companies are rushing to put their products on the market.
An implication of this is that, within a decade or two, local schools and medical practices might use such machines.
They could be used to find genetic markers for a range of inherited defects.
Maher, Brendan 2012.
ENCODE: The human encyclopaedia.
Nature 489 (7414) 4648.
Walsh, Fergus 2012.
BBC News Sci & Environment.
Nature ENCODE Explorer
David Cash (born July 31, 1969 in Waynesboro, Virginia) better known by his ring name, Kid Kash, is an American professional wrestler and former mixed martial artist who is currently signed to Total Nonstop Action Wrestling.
Kash has also wrestled for ECW, WCW and WWE.
JCW Heavyweight Championship (one time)
Powerhouse Wrestling Alliance
PWA World Heavyweight Championship (four times)
He was ranked #68 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 2000.
Showtime All-Star Wrestling
SAW International Heavyweight Championship (four times)
NWA World Tag Team Championship (two times) – with Dallas
United States Wrestling Organization
USWO Championship (two times)
WWC Junior Heavyweight Championship (one time)
XWF World Cruiserweight Championship (one time)
XtraWrestle Federation
XWF World Cruiserweight Championship (six times)
Kid Kash's TNA profile
Park Geunhye (born February 2, 1952) is a South Korean politician.
She served as the President of South Korea from 2013 until her impeachment in 2017.
She is the second daughter of Park Chung-hee, former President of South Korea.
On December 19, 2012, she was elected president of
the country.
She was the first woman president of South Korea, having taken office on February 25, 2013.
In 2013 and 2014, Park was named the world's 11th most powerful woman and the most powerful woman in East Asia by Forbes magazine.
Impeachment and suspension
On 9 December 2016, Park was impeached by the National Assembly on charges related to influence peddling by a top aide.
Her presidential powers and duties have been suspended since the ratification of the impeachment proposal, and Prime Minister Hwang Kyo-ahn has assumed those powers and duties as Acting President.
She was officially removed from office on 10 March 2017.
On 6 April 2018, a three-judge panel of the Central District Court in Seoul sentenced Park to 24 years in prison and a fine of ₩18,000,000,000 (US$16,798,683).
The panel said she was guilty of 16 out of 18 charges brought against her.
Park Geunhye:facebook
Lee San-hae(이산해 李山海, July 20, 1539-July 20, 1609), also known as Yi Sanhae, was a Korean Joseon Dynasty politician, writer, and philosopher.
A penname was Ahgye (아계 鵝溪), Jongnamsuong (종남수옹 終南睡翁).
Ahgyejip (아계집, 鵝溪集)
Ahgyeyugo (아계유고, 鵝溪遺稿)
Cho Shik
Chung In-hong
Family cafe of Lee San-hae
Călin Constantin Anton Popescu-Tăriceanu (b. 14 January 1952, Bucharest) is a Romanian politician.
On 28 December 2004, he was prime minister of Romania.
He founded Radio Contact Romania.
He is president of Automotive Trading Services (ATS), which represents Citroen in Romania.
Hr:Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu
Upsilon Andromedae d is an extrasolar planet.
It orbits the Sun-like star Upsilon Andromedae A.
In 1999, two groups of astronomers independently concluded that a three-planet model best fit the data.
The two new planets were designated Upsilon Andromedae C and Upsilon Andromedae D.
Dinosaur Provincial Park is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
It is about two and a half hours drive southeast of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
The park is in the valley of the Red Deer River, which is noted for its badland topography.
The park is one of the richest dinosaur fossil locales in the world.
Forty dinosaur species have been discovered at the park and more than 500 specimens have been removed and exhibited in museums across the globe.
The fossil assemblage of nearly 500 species, from microscopic fern spores to large carnivorous dinosaurs, justified it becoming a World Heritage Site in 1979.
Dinosaur Provincial Park Visitor Centre
The Visitor Centre has exhibits about dinosaurs, fossils, and the geology and natural history of the park.
There is a video theater, fossil prep lab area, and a gift shop.
John Ware's Cabin is a restored early 20th century cabin that was used by John Ware, an African-American cowboy and important figure in Alberta's ranching history.
The cabin is near the visitor center and is open on select days in the summer.
The Park was set up on June 27, 1955 as part of Alberta's 50th Jubilee Year.
The main aim was to protect the fossil beds.
The park was recognised as a UNESCO World Heritage Site on October 26, 1979.
Its significant badlands and riverside habitats, and the importance of the fossils found here, were listed as reasons.
Until 1985, discoveries made in the park had to be shipped to museums throughout the world for scientific analysis and display, including the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto, the Canadian Museum of Nature in Ottawa, and the American Museum of Natural History in New York.
This changed with the opening of the Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology 100 kilometers upstream in Midland Provincial Park.
This has a mission to "collect, preserve, research and interpret palaeontological history with special reference to Alberta’s fossil heritage".
The Park protects a very complex ecosystem with three communities: prairie grasslands, badlands, and riverside cottonwoods.
Its ecosystem is surrounded by prairies.
Choruses of coyotes are common at dusk, as are the calls of nighthawks.
Cottontail rabbits, mule deer, and pronghorn can all be seen in the park; the prairie rattlesnake, bull snake and the red-sided garter snake are present as well.
Curlews and Canada geese are among the 165 bird species that can be seen in the spring and summer.
Some of the most northern species of cactus, including Opuntia (prickly pear) and Pediocactus (pincushion) can be seen in full bloom during the later half of June.
The sediments of Dinosaur Provincial Park span 2.8 million years and three formations.
The terrestrial Oldman Formation is at the base of the strata; the terrestrial Dinosaur Park Formation above, and the marine Bearpaw at the top.
The Dinosaur Park Formation, which contains most of the fossils with articulated skeletons, was mostly laid down by large rivers in very warm temperate coastal lowlands.
It was on the western margin of the Western Interior Seaway.
The formation dates to about 75 million years ago.
The Dinosaur Park Formation lasted about a million years.
Dinosaur Provincial Park preserves an extraordinarily diverse group of freshwater vertebrates.
Fish include sharks, rays, paddlefish, bowfins, gars, and teleosts.
Amphibians include frogs, salamanders, and extinct albanerpetontids.
Reptiles include lizards (such as the large monitor Paleosaniwa), a wide range of turtles, crocodilians, and the fish-eating Champsosaurus.
Mammals such as shrews, marsupials, and squirrel-like rodents are also there, although usually only noticed by their fossilized teeth, rather than bones.
Mega-plant fossils are rare in the park, but pollen grains and spores collected from here suggest that these forests contained sycamore, magnolia and bald cypress trees, and Metasequoia.
Gryposaurus
new dromaeosaur species A
new dromaeosaur species B
Ricardoestesia
Birds of the Hesperornis type were present, as well as giant Pterosauria related to Quetzalcoatlus.
multituberculates, Stagodont marsupials and placental mammals scurried underfoot.
Dinosaur Provincial Park official site
UNESCO World Heritage
Parks in Canada
Kerman is a city in and capital of Kerman Province, Iran.
At the 2011 census, 621,374 people lived there.
Mule shoes are shoes that are backless and almost always closed-toed.
They can be any heel height (flat to high).
The shoes are almost always worn by females.
High heeled mule shoes were a popular indoor shoe in the 18th century.
By the early twentieth century, the shoes were very often associated with prostitutes.
However, in the early 1950s, Marilyn Monroe popularized the shoes and helped to break their poor reputations.
Similar shoes, called slides, were introduced in the early 1990s, except that slides are open-toed versions of mules.
Christiaan Neethling Barnard (8 November 1922 – 2 September 2001) was a South African heart surgeon.
He was born in Beaufort West, Cape Province, Union of South Africa.
He did the first successful heart transplant from human to human.
He died of asthma in Paphos, Cyprus.
His brother was Marius Barnard.
Slip-on shoes are laceless shoes.
The style most commonly seen is called a loafer or slipper, with a moccasin construction.
They began appearing in mid 1930s Norway as casual shoes, though they have increased in popularity to the point of being worn with lounge suits.
They are worn mostly by females, though men wear the shoes, also.
Ring of Honor (ROH) is a professional wrestling company founded in 2002 by Rob Feinstein and Gabe Sapolsky.
The president of the company is Cary Silkin.
Their headquarters are in Bristol, Pennsylvania.
Matches for the company airs on The Fight Network in Canada and on Samurai TV in Japan.
The company also aired matches in the United Kingdom and Ireland.
The company was started by RF Video owner, Rob Feinstein after Extreme Championship Wrestling went out of business.
Feinstein left the company in 2004 after he was caught in an internet sting operation allegedly trying to ask for sex on the internet from a person who he thought was an 13 year old boy but was actually an adult, pretending to be the boy.
Gabe Sapolsky left the company on October 26, 2008.
Doug Gentry bought Feinstein's stake in the company and sold it to Cary Silkin who then became the president of the company.
Ring of Honor followed a set of rules called the "code of honor".
The code of honor was considered a moral requirement to follow.
They were put in place to make Ring of Honor feel more like Japanese professional wrestling.
There were originally 5 rules set in place but they were retired in 2004.
They reappeared again and were changed to only 3 rules.
Thai basil, or Asian basil is a type of sweet basil.
Thai basil has small, narrow leaves and purple stems.
The flower is a mauve (pink-purple) color.
One cultivar commonly grown in the United States is 'Queen of Siam'.
Thai basil is an important ingredient in the very popular Taiwanese dish, sanbeiji (three cup chicken).
Used as a condiment, a plate of raw Thai basil leaves is often served with phở (Vietnamese-style noodle soup) so each customer can season it to taste with the anise-flavored leaves.
Bolivian coriander (Porophyllum ruderale) is an annual plant.
Its leaves can be used for seasoning food.
The taste has been described as "somewhere between arugula, cilantro and rue."
The plant is commonly grown in Mexico and South America.
There it is used in salsas.
When fully grown, this plant grows to about 5 feet in height and 3 feet in diameter.
This herb is known by many names, including quillquiña (also spelled quirquiña or quilquiña), killi, papalo, tepegua and pápaloquelite.
Exploitation movie is a label that is applied to certain movies: These usually have a low budget, and focus on showing either violence or sex.
Very often, they try to be successful by following a trend.
Sometimes they are produced for a niche of the market.
In almost all cases, exploitation movies fall in the category B-movies.
Sometimes, exploitation movies attract a cult following they get the attention of the movie critics.
Some of these movies set trends, and become important.
An example of such a movie is Night of the Living Dead, of 1968.
The term exploitation is defined very loosely: it is more about the viewers' impression that this exploitation happens, than the people actually being exploited.
The first exploitation movies appeared in the 1920s.
Exploitation movies only became popular after the 1960s and 1970s, when there was less censorship.
Very often, exploitation movies use  recent news events to base their story on.
Major film studios ofen avoid such events, because producing the movie takes a long time and a lot of money.
In 1938, Orson Welles produced War of the Worlds to be broadcast on radio, as a Halloween special.
When it was aired, this shocked many Americans.
As a result, Universal Pictures edited one of their Flash Gordon serials into a short movie  which it released ot movie theatres one week after Welles' boradcast.
The movie was called Mars Attacks the World.
Kim Hyo-won (, Hanja 金孝元, 1532 - 1590), also known as Gim Hyeo-Wyeong or Söng'am, was a Korean scholar, writer, politician, and Neo-Confucian philosopher of the  Joseon period.
http://koreandb.nate.com/history/people/detail?sn=8487
윤종일교수의 남양주역사기행(26)- 동인(東人) 김효원(金孝元)(남양주타임즈, 2007.01.26자
Political factions in Korea at Citizendia.org
DNA and proteins
The human genome contains just over 20,000 protein-coding genes, far fewer than had been expected.
In fact, only about 1.5% of the genome codes for proteins, while the rest consists of non-coding RNA genes, regulatory sequences, and introns.
However, a single gene can produce a variety of proteins by means of RNA splicing.
One particular Drosophila gene (DSCAM) can be alternatively spliced into 38,000 different mRNAs.
Each mRNA codes for a different peptide chain.
Therefore the number of proteins produced is far above the number of coding genes.
The idea that most DNA is useless 'junk' is wrong.
At least 80% of the genome has definite functions.
Differences between humans and chimpanzees
The animal that is alive now that is closest to humans is the chimpanzee.
98.4% of the DNA is the same between humans and chimpanzees.
The draft sequence of the common chimpanzee genome was published in 2005.
It showed that the regions which are similar enough to be aligned with one another account for 2400 million of the human genome’s 3164.7 million bases, that is, 75.8% of the genome.
This 75.8% of the human genome is 1.23% different from the chimpanzee genome in single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs - changes of single DNA “letters” in the genome).
Another type of difference, called 'indels' (insertions/deletions) account for another ~3% difference between the alignable sequences.
In addition, variation in copy number of large segments (> 20 kb) of similar DNA sequence provides a further 2.7% difference between the two species.
Hence the total similarity of the genomes could be as low as about 70%.
Sucralose is an artificial sweetener, most of which, if ingested, will not be broken down by the body and is thereby non-caloric (doesn't contribute to calorie intake).
Sucralose is almost 600 times as sweet as sucrose, twice as sweet as saccharin and 3 times as sweet as aspartame.
It is stable under heat and over a broad range of pH condition, meaning it can be used in baking or products which require longer shelf lives.
It was first discovered and patented in 1976.
Richard W. Farnsworth (September 1, 1920 – October 6, 2000) was an American television, stage, radio, voice, and movie actor, and a stuntman.
He was previously known as Dick Farnsworth.
He was nominated for two Academy Awards.
Farnsworth was known for his role as Sheriff Buster in the 1990 movie Misery.
Farnsworth is the oldest person to receive an Academy Award nominated for Best Actor in a Leading role.
He was 79 years old when he was nominated.
He was born in Los Angeles, California on September 1, 1920.
He was married to Margaret Hill from 1947 until her death in 1985.
Farnsworth never liked using four-lettered words.
He was once asked by Roger Ebert what he was most proud of in regards to his acting career, he replied that it was the fact that in over 60 movies he never says one cuss word.
Farnsworth committed suicide on October 6, 2000 at his ranch in Lincoln, New Mexico by shooting himself.
Richard Farnsworth at NNDB
Ty Law (b. 10 February 1974) is a retired American football player.
He played as a safety in the NFL.
Law was drafted by the New England Patriots in 1995.
He also played for the New York Jets (2005, 2008), Kansas City Chiefs (2006-2007) and Denver Broncos (2009).
He retired after the 2009 season.
Law was born in Aliquippa, Pennsylvania.
Lawyer Marzell Milloy (born November 14, 1973 ) is a retired American football player.
He was drafted by the New England Patriots of the National Football League in 1996.
He last played in 2010.
Milloy also played for the Buffalo Bills, Atlanta Falcons and Seattle Seahawks.
Black January (), also known as Black Saturday or the January Massacre, was a massacre by the Soviet Red Army and the KGB secret police agency of peaceful Azerbaijani protesters of the Azerbaijani independence movement.
It happened in Baku, Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic on 19–20 January 1990, during the last years of the Soviet Union.
Between 133-137 people were killed, when the Red Army and the KGB shot the protesters.
As a result, the Azerbaijanis became totally opposed to stay a part of the Soviet Union and started to plan the independence of Azerbaijan.
This happened with the end of the Soviet Union in December 1991.
It was one of the rare events during the liberal reform era of glasnost (reform of the government) and perestroika (reform of the economy) in which the Soviet Union used force against peaceful protesters.
Before this era, the Soviet Union did not allow any protests of its population and stopped them violently if they did protest.
However, the use of violence angered the people in Azerbaijan and the rest of the Soviet Union.
It had the opposite effect, because the liberal Soviet leaders  and their reforms were too popular and powerful in the end.
Neither the use of force against protesters nor the reforms prevented the republics becoming independent.
"Black January".
Spring 1998.
"A republic loses faith".
Wednesday, 15 August, 2001.
January20
Jenilee Harrison (born June 12 1959) is an American actress.
She has starred in many television programs.
She played Cindy Snow in the sitcom Three's Company and Jamie Ewing in the soap Dallas.
She was born near Los Angeles, California.
Sandra Fluke (born April 17 1981) is an activist for women's rights.
She demanded birth control and contraceptives be paid for by taxpayers.
She was a supporter for Barack Obama's re-election.
She was born near Saxton, Pennsylvania.
Bachman–Turner Overdrive are a Canadian rock band from Winnipeg, Manitoba.
Bachman–Turner Overdrive have five members in the band; the current band members are Fred Turner, Randy Bachman, Mick Dalla Vee, Marc LaFrance and Brent Howard.
Two of the band's best known songs are "You Ain't Seen Nothing Yet" and "Takin' Care of Business".
Their song "Takin' Care of Business" was ranked #10 in top 100 most covered songs by Guitar Magazine.
The band was formed in 1971.
They released their self-titled first album on August 30, 1989.
Fans of the bands are usually known as "gearheads".
Bachman–Turner Overdrive (1973)
Bachman–Turner Overdrive II (1973)
Not Fragile (1974)
Four Wheel Drive (1975)
Head On (1975)
Freeways (1977)
Street Action (1978)
Rock n' Roll Nights (1979)
Bachman–Turner Overdrive (1984)
Trial by Fire: Greatest and Latest (1996)
Bachman & Turner (2010)
1973 establishments in Canada