the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
It is sometimes called a surgical liquid diet because of its perioperative uses.
This includes vegetable broth, bouillon (excepting any particulate dregs), clear fruit juices such as filtered apple juice, clear fruit ices or popsicles, clear gelatin desserts, and certain carbonated drinks such as ginger-ale and seltzer water.
It excludes all drinks containing milk, but may accept tea or coffee.
Typically, this diet contains about 500 calories per day, which is too little food energy for long-term use.
Full liquid diet
A full or strained liquid diet is made up of both transparent and opaque liquid foods with a smooth consistency.
People who follow this diet may also take liquid vitamin supplements.
Some individuals who are told to follow a full-liquid diet are also allowed to eat soft foods such as strained meats, sour cream, cottage cheese, ricotta, yogurt, mashed vegetables or fruits, etc.
Vendeuvre-sur-Barse is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.
La Vendue-Mignot is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.
Verpillières-sur-Ource is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.
Viâpres-le-Petit is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.
Lucky Pierrot is a chain of restaurants, that usually sells hamburgers and other fast foods.
Lucky Pierrot is in Japan and it opened in 1987.
Right now, they have 17 stores.
Official Website (In Japanese)
La Ville-aux-Bois is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.
Villemereuil is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.
Villemoiron-en-Othe is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.
Villenauxe-la-Grande is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.
La Villeneuve-au-Châtelot is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.
Villeneuve-au-Chemin is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.
La Villeneuve-au-Chêne is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.
Ville-sous-la-Ferté is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.
Bond of Fear is a 1917 American silent western movie directed by Jack Conway and starring Roy Stewart, Belle Bennett, Melbourne MacDowell.
Ville-sur-Arce is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.
La Bâtie-Vieille is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department.
Arzano
Collecchio
Marcianise
"The Contest" is the 51st episode of the television show Seinfeld.
It was first broadcast on NBC on November 18, 1992.
The episode is about the show's main characters starting a contest on how long they can go without masturbating.
NBC thought that masturbation was not a good topic to show on television.
The word "masturbation" is not said in the episode.
The phrase "master of my domain" (meaning someone who is trying not to masturbate) has been made as a catchphrase in popular culture.
Larry David won a Primetime Emmy Award (for Outstanding Writing for a Comedy Series) for writing the episode.
TV Guide put the episode as the 1st in their list of Greatest Episode of All-Time.
Husakism is a political philosophy in Slovakia.
It is based on the ideals of the Slovak politician Gustav Husak.
Nongpok Ningthou (Meitei: ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ) is a deity in Meitei mythology and religion of Ancient Kangleipak (Antique Manipur).
He is the ruling guardian deity of the eastern direction.
Legend says Nongpok Ningthou and Panthoibi got united in the Nongmaiching hills (Langmai hills).
Later, they were worshipped as the civilization giving deities in Meitei religion.
Nongpok Ningthou is one of the principal Umang Lais.
He was originally known as "Langmai Ningthou" (lit.
Lord of the Langmai people).
The Nongmaiching Hill (also known as Selloi Langmai Hills) was the ancestral territory of the Selloi Langmai people.
This zone has the strongest worship of God Langmai Ningthou (Nongpok Ningthou).
According to the Nongmaiching Chingkoipa (AKA Nongmaijing Chingoiba) text, the mountain in the east and beyond the rivers (Imphal R., Iril R. and Kongba R.) is the abode of God Keinou Chingsompa (another name of Nongpok Ningthou).
According to the Thalon (Tharon) text, Selloi Langmai Hill had 5 divisions.
Each division was occupied by different ethic groups.
Each groups had different ancestral deities.
These were later described as the 5 pillars of the Selloi Langmai country.
Later, in the course of time, these 5 gods belonging to 5 different places of the Selloi Langmai Hill were integrated into a single God with the name "Langmai Ningthou".
This chiefdom later rose to the Angom dynasty.
According to the Naothingkhong Phambal Kaba PuYa, the position of the Langmai Ningthou (lit.
Langmai King) rose to the highest level of the Umang Lai God.
He acquired a new title "Nongpok Ningthou".
It took place after the uprooting of the Selloi Langmai people by the Meetei King Ura Konthouba in the 7th century AD.
With the end of the ethnic conflict, the Selloi Langmai people merged into the Meitei ethnicity.
Their deity "Langmai Ningthou" got renamed as "Nongpok Ningthou" (lit.
Sovereign of the East).
The name of the God was given by the Meiteis.
The God originally belonged to the Selloi Langmai people.
These group of people lived in the East of the Kangla, the capital of the Meitei kingdom.
The Cheitharol Kumbaba mentioned the God for the first time during the reign of King Khagemba (1597 AD-1652 AD).
God Nongpok Ningthou and Goddess Panthoibi are true lovers.
They first met when the goddess was wandering in the open meadows, bathing and sporting in the cool waters of the running river.
She was captivated by the handsome looks and towering personality of Nongpok Ningthou (alias Angoupa Kainou Chingsangsompa).
They fell in love at first sight.
He proposed her to elope with him.
But the already married goddess didn't accept the instant proposal very soon because it was not even five days passed after her wedding.
The two lovers met secretly but regularly many times.
Panthoibi's behavior causes her in-laws to have suspicion over her.
Her mortal husband, Khaba Sokchrongba, tried to win her heart with many tricks.
But these were useless to the goddess.
Nongpok Ningthou eloped with Goddess Panthoibi, his true lover, wearing the attires of the Tangkhuls.
Nongpok Ningthou and Panthoibi, the two divine lovers, united on the Nongmaiching Hills.
Their joyous union was celebrated with dances and music by the divine beings.
In another version of the story, Nongpok Ningthou met goddess Panthoibi for the first time when she was helping her father at jhum cultivation (Slash-and-burn).
They fell in love at first sight without no conversation.
But Panthoibi was married to another man against her will.
She left her husband's house to search for her true beloved.
The lovers met at the Kangla.
So, it is considered to be an auspicious place of coronation of the Meitei kings.
Most of the surviving cults and shrines dedicated to God Langmai Ningthou (Nongpok Ningthou) are located in the Nongmaiching Hill (Selloi Langmai Hill) and its nearby areas.
A few of the most prominent shrines include: (1) Nongpok at Yairipok, (2) Panam Ningthou at Andro, (3) Nongpok Ningthou at Khoirom, (4) Pureiromba at Lamlai, (5) Nongpok Ningthou at Engourok (Ingourok), (6) Pureiromba at Naharup, (7) Nongpok Ningthou at Takhel, (8) Pureiromba at Bamon Kampu, (9) Nongpok Ningthou at Charangpat Maning, (10) Waroi Ching Malang Lamhuiba at Waroi Ching, (11) Nongpok at Chandrakhong.
These shrines are under the institution of the Umang Laism.
However, there are many shrines of God Langmai Ningthou independent from the Umang Laism.
Examples include Chingyai, Kharong, Isingchaibi, Nungpak Khul, Chingoi, etc.
Due to the independence from the Umang Laism, these shrines were absorbed into Hinduism during the post-Charairongba era in Manipur.
One notable instance is the shrine of Chingyai.
The shrine of Chingyai was converted into the cult of Hindu God Shiva Mahadeva during the reign of King Chandrakirti (1850 AD-1886 AD).
Khwairakpa Erel is the most famous sacred site dedicated to Nongpok Ningthou (alias Khwairakpa) in Assam.
It is an island in the middle of the Barak River.
Panthoibi Jagoi is a duet dance form that is accompanied by a romantic song sung by a maibi and a penakhongba (pena player).
It has reference to the love of Nongpok Ningthou for his consort Panthoibi.
The Tangkhul Nurabi Loutaba is an enactment of the repartee between Tangkhul Pakhang (an incarnation of Nongpok Ningthou) and Tangkhul Nurabi (an incarnation of Panthoibi).
The two players dress up in Tangkhul attires of farming in the field.
This is performed on the last night of the Kanglei Haraoba (a form of Lai Haraoba).
A History of Manipuri Literature - Page 62 - Ch Manihar Singh · 1996
Manipur, Maid of the Mountains - Page 159 - R. Constantine · 1981
Noṃpok, Pānthoibī - Moirangthem Chandra Singh · 1965
Religion and Culture of Manipur - Page 168 - Moirangthem Kirti Singh · 1988
The Meitheis - Page 222 - Thomas Callan Hodson · 1908
Nongpok Ningthou_English Wikisource
Nongpok Ningthou_archive.org
Nongpok Ningthou_e-pao.net
Kobayashi was born in Tama on September 18, 1981.
She played for Nippon TV Beleza from 1997 to 2014.
In her 18 seasons, she played 223 matches in Nadeshiko League.
The club won Nadeshiko League championship 8 times and 2nd position 10 times.
She also became top scorer in 2000 season and she was selected Best Eleven in 2000 and 2001.
On March 24, 1999, when Kobayashi was 17 years old, she debuted and scored a goal for the Japan national team against France.
She was a member of Japan for 1999, 2003 World Cup and 2004 Summer Olympics.
She also played at 2001, 2003 AFC Championship and 2002 Asian Games.
She played 54 games and scored 12 goals for Japan until 2004.
Kasajima was born on May 12, 1975.
She played for Shimizudaihachi SC, Urawa Reds and AS Elfen Sayama FC.
She was selected Best Eleven in 2004 season.
She retired end of 2011 season.
In November 1999, Kasajima was selected the Japan national team for 1999 AFC Championship.
At this competition, on November 8, she debuted against Thailand.
She also played at 2001 AFC Championship and 2002 Asian Games.
She played 24 games and scored 4 goals for Japan until 2002.
In November 1999, Torigoe was selected the Japan national team for 1999 AFC Championship.
She played 8 games for Japan until 2001.
Aizawa was born in Mie Prefecture on September 10, 1980.
After graduating from Yokkaichi Nishi High School, she joined Matsushita Electric Panasonic Bambina (later Speranza FC Takatsuki) in 1999.
In the 1999 season, she was selected for the Best Young Player awards.
In November 1999, when Aizawa was 19 years old, she was selected for the Japan national team for 1999 AFC Championship.
At this competition, on November 12, she debuted and scored 3 goals against Nepal.
She also played at the 2002 Asian Games.
She played 5 games and scored 4 goals for Japan until 2002.
Mikami was born in Ichihara on January 8, 1981.
In 1996, she joined Nikko Securities Dream Ladies.
She moved to Tasaki Perule FC.
In 2001 season, she was selected Best Eleven.
In 2002, she moved to her local club JEF United Ichihara (later JEF United Chiba).
In 2003, she went to United States and played university team.
In 2007, she returned to JEF United Chiba.
In 2009, she retired.
In November 1999, Mikami was selected the Japan national team for 1999 AFC Championship.
At this competition, on November 12, she debuted and scored 2 goals against Nepal.
She played 3 games and scored 2 goals for Japan in 1999.
After retirement, Mikami became coach for youth team at JEF United Chiba.
In 2014, she became manager for top team.
She managed the team until 2017 season.
Nishigai was born on January 22, 1969.
She played for Nikko Securities Dream Ladies and OKI FC Winds.
She was selected Best Eleven in 1998 season.
On May 2, 1999, when Nishigai was 30 years old, she debuted for the Japan national team against United States.
She played 2 games for Japan in 1999.
The Grapes of Wrath is a 1940 American drama movie directed by John Ford and was based on the 1939 novel of the same name by John Steinbeck.
It stars Henry Fonda, Jane Darwell, John Carradine, Charles Grapewin, Dorris Bowdon, O. Z. Whitehead, John Qualen, Eddie Quillan, Darryl Hickman, Shirley Mills, Roger Imhof, John Arledge, Irving Bacon, Ward Bond, Charles Tannen and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
It was nominated for 7 Oscars and won 2 Academy Awards in 1941.
In November 1999, Miyamoto was selected the Japan national team for 1999 AFC Championship.
At this competition, on November 12, she debuted against Nepal.
Bob Loughman Weibur (born 8 March 1961) is a Vanuatuan politician.
He was first elected to parliament from the island of Tanna in the July 6, 2004 general election.
He was re-elected in 2008 and 2012.
He is leader of the democratic socialist Vanua'aku Pati party.
In March 2013, following a change of government, the new Prime Minister, Moana Carcassé Calosil, appointed him Minister of Education.
Like other members of the Vanuatu party, he began voting against the party line on May 15, 2014, to overthrow the Carcassée government.
New Prime Minister Joe Natuman backed Loffman as education minister.
He lost his post on June 11, 2015, when the Natuman government was removed due to a no-confidence vote.
In 2018, he became the leader of the Vanuatu party.
Vanuatu elects new prime minister as country reels from devastating cyclone, The Guardian, 20 April 2020
Yamazaki was born in Tokyo Metropolis on June 29, 1980.
She played for Nippon TV Beleza and Okayama Yunogo Belle.
She retired in 2006.
On May 31, 2000, when Yamazaki was 19 years old, she debuted for the Japan national team against Australia.
She played 7 games for Japan until 2001.
Ehsan Ganji (Born 1 January 1971, Dehdasht) is an Iranian Cartoonist and Journalist.
before working in the field of caricature, he had activities in the literature.
Ganji has pursued caricature professionally since 2001.
He has participated in many international cartoon festivals and exhibitions and has won various awards.
He has collaborated with several newspapers including Shahrvand newspaper, Shargh newspaper, Etemad newspaper, Ebtekar newspaper, Maghreb newspaper and Khat Khati , Kayhan caricature and Humor and Caricature magazines as well as news websites.
The first prize of the students' story writing festival of Iran, 1997
The second prize of the Technical Students' Fiction Festival of Iran, 2000
The second prize of the seventh Ehsan National Cartoon Festival on the subject of electricity consumption
The first prize of the National Technical Students Cartoon Festival, 2003
Third Prize of the Polish International Festival of Women, 2006
Selected at the China Long Hair Festival, 2005
The first prize of the third national festival of visual arts in the field of art with the theme of citizenship culture
Selected the first marine cartoon festival in the country in 2005
Australian Lindsay Awards Special Award for Food, 2005
The third prize of Tabriz International Festival with the theme of kings, 2007
The second prize of the National Festival of Young Artists Cartoons with the theme of the book
Selected for the 37th Brazilian Prasiccaba Cartoon Festival
Winner of the Special Prize of the 16th International Anti-War Cartoon Festival KRAGUJEVAC Serbia
The first prize of the national festival of the field of art with the theme of citizen
Special Award of Tehran International Festival on Urban Problems, 2010
Special Award of the 10th Diogenes Tabura International Festival
The first prize of Boom Barakat National Cartoon Festival with the theme of citizenship culture, 2012
Otani was born in Koka on May 5, 1979.
After graduating from Keimei Gakuin High School, she joined Tasaki Perule FC in 1998.
She became top scorer for 3 years in a row (2001-2003).
In 2003 season, she was also selected MVP awards and the club won Nadeshiko League championship.
In 2005 season, she became top scorer again.
She scored 150 goals in 180 matches in Nadeshiko League.
She was also selected Best Eleven for 6 years in a row (2001-2006).
On May 31, 2000, Otani debuted for the Japan national team against Australia.
She was a member of Japan for 2003, 2007 World Cup and 2004 Summer Olympics.
She scored a hat trick in Japan's victory over Argentina in the 2003 World Cup.
She also played at 2001, 2003 AFC Championship, 2002 Asian Games and 2006 Asian Cup.
She played 73 games and scored 31 goals for Japan until 2007.
Sato was born in Isesaki on January 1, 1976.
After graduating from high school, she joined Nikko Securities Dream Ladies in 1994.
The club was disbanded in 1998 due to financial strain.
However, the club was disbanded end of season.
She moved to YKK Tohoku Ladies SC Flappers (later TEPCO Mareeze) in 2000.
In 2000 season, she was selected Best Eleven.
On May 31, 2000, Sato debuted for the Japan national team against Australia.
She played at 2001 AFC Championship.
She played 17 games and scored 4 goals for Japan until 2002.
Ville-sur-Terre is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.
Villette-sur-Aube is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.
Villiers-Herbisse is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.
Villiers-le-Bois is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.
Villiers-sous-Praslin is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.
Villy-en-Trodes is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.
Arakawa was born in Nerima, Tokyo on October 30, 1979.
In 1997, she joined Nadeshiko League club Yomiuri-Seiyu Beleza (later Nippon TV Beleza) from youth team.
She was selected Best Eleven in 2003 and 2004.
In the September 2008 WPS International Draft, she was drafted by FC Gold Pride in the top level US based Women's Professional Soccer league.
In her first appearance for FC Gold Pride, Arakawa scored the club's first ever goal against Boston Breakers leading to a 2–1 victory.
It would turn out to be her only goal of the season.
Following the end of the 2009 WPS season, she was back to Nippon TV Beleza.
In 2010, she moved to Urawa Reds.
From 2013, she played for Chifure AS Elfen Saitama (2013-2014, 2016), Nippon TV Beleza (2015) and Nippon Sport Science University Fields Yokohama (2017).
She is currently playing for Chifure AS Elfen Saitama from 2018.
On 10 June 2000, Arakawa debuted for the Japan national team against Canada.
She was a member of Japan for 2003, 2007 World Cup, 2004 and 2008 Summer Olympics.
She played 72 games and scored 20 goals for Japan until 2011.
Villy-le-Bois is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.
Villy-le-Maréchal is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.
Kawakami was born in Akashi on November 16, 1977.
In 1990, she was 13 years old, she joined for Tasaki-Shinju Kobe (later Tasaki Perule FC).
She previously played midfielder.
However, when she entered the Japan national team, she became a right back.
After success at this position, she remained a defender when she transferred to Nippon TV Beleza.
She had a lot of success with her two clubs, winning one Nadeshiko League title with her first club in 2003 and three Empress's Cups, and two other titles with her second one.
She was also selected Best Eleven 5 times (2000, 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2005).
On March 16, 2001, Kawakami debuted for the Japan national team against Chinese Taipei.
She played at 2001, 2003 AFC Championship and 2002 Asian Games.
She was also a member of Japan for 2003 World Cup and the 2004 Olympic Games.
She played 48 games for Japan until 2005.
Virey-sous-Bar is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.
Vitry-le-Croisé is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.
Viviers-sur-Artaut is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.
Yèvres-le-Petit is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.
The Philadelphia Story is a 1940 American romantic comedy movie directed by George Cukor and was based on the 1939 play of the same name by Philip Barry.
It stars Cary Grant, Katharine Hepburn, James Stewart, Ruth Hessey, John Howard, Roland Young, Mary Nash, Virginia Weidler, Henry Daniell and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
It was nominated for 6 Oscars and won 2 Academy Awards in 1941.
It was remade as High Society in 1956.
Ito was born in Nerima, Tokyo on July 20, 1983.
She joined NTV Beleza (later Nippon TV Beleza) in 1999.
She was selected Best Eleven in 2001 and 2002.
End of 2008 season, she left the club.
But in 2010, she came back Nippon TV Beleza and she played until 2012.
From 2013, she played for Chifure AS Elfen Saitama, INAC Kobe Leonessa and Nippon Sport Science University Fields Yokohama.
On August 5, 2001, when Ito was 18 years old, she debuted for the Japan national team against China.
In 2002, she was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 2002 U-19 World Championship.
She played 13 games and scored 3 goals for Japan until 2012.
Miyazaki was born in Iga on October 13, 1983.
when she was a Ueno Commercial High School and Tenri University student, she played for her local club Iga FC Kunoichi from 1999 to 2005.
she was selected Best Eleven in 2002 season.
After graduating from Tenri University, she joined TEPCO Mareeze in 2006.
She left the club in 2009.
In 2013, she came back at Okayama Yunogo Belle.
On August 5, 2001, when Miyazaki was 17 years old, she debuted for the Japan national team against China.
She was also a member of Japan for 2003 World Cup.
She played 18 games and scored 2 goals for Japan until 2009.
Bénévent-et-Charbillac is a former commune in the Hautes-Alpes department.
Since 2013, it became a part of the commune of Saint-Bonnet-en-Champsaur.
Baba was born in Tokyo Metropolis on May 4, 1977.
She played for Nippon TV Beleza from 1994 to 2006.
On August 3, 2001, Baba debuted for the Japan national team against South Korea.
She played 5 games for Japan until 2002.
Saint-Bonnet-en-Champsaur is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department.
On 1 January 2013, it is made of the former communes of Bénévent-et-Charbillac and Les Infournas.
Les Infournas is a former commune in the Hautes-Alpes department.
The Saitama Railway Line (埼玉高速鉄道線, Saitama Kōsoku Tetsudō sen) transit line in Japan operated by the Saitama Railway Corporation.
It forms a continuation of the Tokyo Metro Namboku Line, starting at Akabane-iwabuchi Station in Tokyo and ending at Urawa-Misono Station in Saitama Prefecture.
The line is used as the main means of transportation to Saitama Stadium 2002.
On 27 November 2015, the route was nicknamed the "Saitama Stadium Line".
The line symbol used in the station numbering is "SR".
Tsuchihashi was born in Anan on January 16, 1980.
After graduating from Osaka University of Health and Sport Sciences, she joined Tasaki Perule FC in 2002.
In 2006, she moved to Ohara Gakuen JaSRA.
In 2007, she moved to Urawa Reds.
She was selected Best Eleven in 2009.
On August 5, 2001, when Tsuchihashi was an Osaka University of Health and Sport Sciences student, she debuted for the Japan national team against China.
She played 4 games for Japan in 2001.
Calaf is a municipality of 3,656 people (2020).
Shikata was born in Kamakura on November 5, 1979.
When she was a Fujisawa Nishi High School student, she joined Yomiuri-Seiyu Beleza (later Nippon TV Beleza) in 1995.
She was selected Best Eleven in 2005.
The club won Nadeshiko League 7 times.
In December 2001, Shikata was selected the Japan national team for 2001 AFC Championship.
At this competition, on December 4, she debuted against Singapore.
She also played at 2006 Asian Cup.
She played 8 games for Japan until 2006.
Yamamoto was born in Miura on March 9, 1982.
After graduating from Shonan Women's High School, she joined Tasaki Perule FC in 2000.
She was selected Best Young Player awards in 2000 season.
The club won Nadeshiko League championship in 2003 and 2nd position 4 times.
From 2009, she went to United States and Italy.
In 2014, she returned to Japan and joined Regional Leagues club, Yokohama FC Seagulls (later NHK Spring Yokohama FC Seagulls).
The club was promoted to Nadeshiko League Second Division from 2016 and she played as a regular player every season.
In 2021, she moved to Chifure AS Elfen Saitama.
On January 12, 2003, Yamamoto debuted for the Japan national team against United States.
She played at 2003 AFC Championship.
She played 22 games and scored 4 goals for Japan until 2004.
La Chapelle-en-Valgaudémar is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department.
Châteauneuf-de-Chabre is a former commune in the Hautes-Alpes department.
On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Val Buëch-Méouge.
Suzuki was born in Kanagawa Prefecture on January 26, 1982.
She played 117 matches for the club until 2007.
On January 12, 2003, Suzuki debuted for the Japan national team against United States.
She played 3 games and scored 2 goals for Japan until 2005.
Pikeville is a city in Tennessee in the United States.
It is the county seat of Bledsoe County.
Avera is a city in the U.S. state of Georgia.
Sudo was born in Kokubunji on April 7, 1984.
She was promoted to Nippon TV Beleza from the youth team in 2000 and played until 2013.
In 14 seasons, she played 156 games and scored 15 goals.
She retired end of 2013 season.
In August 2002, Sudo was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 2002 U-19 World Championship.
She was a member of Japan for 2003 World Cup.
She subsequently played the 2006 Asian Games, where she scored against Jordan, the 2010 EAFF Championship, which Japan won, and the 2010 Asian Cup, which marked qualification for the 2011 World Cup, which Japan eventually won.
She played 15 games and scored 3 goals for Japan until 2010.
Sano was born on February 5, 1983.
She played for Tasaki Perule FC.
Niwata was born in Osaka Prefecture on September 12, 1984.
In 2000, she was promoted to Speranza FC Takatsuki from the youth team.
She played 96 matches in Nadeshiko League and she was selected Best Eleven 2 times (2009 and 2010).
In August 2002, Niwata was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 2002 U-19 World Championship.
On March 19, 2003, she debuted for the Japan national team against Thailand.
Item (pronounced eetem), is a place in Nigeria.
It is one of the communities in Bende Local Government Area in Abia State, Nigeria.
It is next to Akeze (in Ebony State) in the north, Nkporo in the east, Alayi in the west, and Abiriba and Igbere in the south.
The Okpi Stool
The Okpi Stool is an ancient, sacred, foremost or highest traditional institution in Item.
The Okpi is the father of Item people.
The Okpi is the Paramount Ruler of Item and Clan Head of Item.
The Okpi Stool is non-religious and non-political; rather he is the father of all religious and political bodies.
Okpi of Item is the head of the executive, legislature and judiciary in Item traditional system of government.
Item traditional system of government
Before the beginning of colonial government, Item people had a stable traditional government.
Okpi was and still is the father of Item and the pinnacle of the whole genealogy.
In Item generally as in most neighbouring communities like Abam, Abiriba and Ututu, the Otosi or Ofo Eze is the system of supreme authority of rulership.
It would be extremely difficult to describe or explain the influence and importance of the Otosi in the life of Item people.
All authorities in the community derive legitimacy from the Otosi or Ofo Eze, hence traditional rulership in Item is hereditary.
The kindred’s with royal and priestly responsibilities are those that brought Otosi to Item from Potopo.
The Otosi or Ofo Eze remains the most important symbol of authority in Item.
The Otosi or Ofo Eze is a very powerful swagger always left in the authority of traditional Ruling and Royal Kindreds.
The Otosi was and remains a source of strength succour, bond of unity, as well as political and religious union, hence you hear the slogan “ITEM BU ULORANI” [Item is one house].
Little wonder, all important cultural festivals in Item, such as Igwa Nmam, Ita Achicha, Iwa Ama and Iri Ndi are celebrated on same day in Item Clan.
The following are the ancestral royal and ruling kindred in Item: Ndi Okorocha Apuanu Item, Umuafiaji Okoko Item, Ekwo Amaokwe Item and Umuovum Ameke Item.
In the olden days, these four royal kindred constitute the Abu Ano Item  Item King Makers and their heads were the heads of the four original villages in Item.
They were assisting the Okpi of Item, who doubled as the chairman of Obu Ano Item in performing the executive, legislative and judicial functions.
In these four villages, they are second in command to the traditional village heads, otherwise known as “AGBA EZE” in Apuanu Item, the Agba Eze is Ndu Ihize, in Okoko Item- Umuogbe Okoko Item in Amaokwe Item  Amafor Amaokwe Item, in Ameke Item Ndi Elekwa/Ugwuapu/Amaoba.
As farmsteads expanded and increased both in population and socio-economic activities, they were given village status.
They include Okagwe, Umuakpa, Akanu, Okai and Amaekpu Item.
In other to have efficient and effective government in Item, the heads of the five new villages were admitted into the Council of Chief and Elders, still under the chairmanship of Okpi of Item no matter the venue of their meeting.
They perform the executive functions in their various villages but were not vested with the sceptre of Otosi or Ofo Eze.
Nonetheless, it must be noted that in these five villages only the kith and kin of heads and second in command were the heads, hence it is convenient and appropriate to incorporate them into the supreme council of Obu Ano Item  Item King-Makers.
Method of selection and installation of Okpi of Item
Whenever there is a vacancy usually by the demise of the ruling Okpi, the Stool of Okpi Item devolves on the next senior man in Ndi Okorocha Royal Kindred, except where he objects to taking the office for a reason.
Immediately after the death of the ruling Okpi and before new one takes office, the son of the deceased Okpi or a minor a regent from his family is appointed by the king-makers to act as Okpi, until the new Okpi is selected and installed in accordance with age-long tradition of Item.
Sato was born in Shizuoka Prefecture on November 25, 1985.
After graduating from Waseda University, she played for TEPCO Mareeze.
On July 27, 2003, when Sato was 17 years old, she debuted for the Japan national team against Australia.
She played 2 games for Japan until 2008.
Aubessagne is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department.
The municipality was created on 1 January 2018 and consists of the former communes of Chauffayer (the seat), Saint-Eusèbe-en-Champsaur and Les Costes.
Spoy, Aube, in the Aube department
Spoy, Côte-d'Or, in the Côte-d'Or department
Chauffayer is a former commune in the Hautes-Alpes department.
On 1 January 2018, it was merged into the new commune of Aubessagne.
Châteauneuf-d'Oze is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department.
Shimokozuru was born in Nagaokakyo on June 7, 1982.
In 1999, she joined Matsushita Electric Panasonic Bambina (later Speranza FC Takatsuki) from the youth team.
In 2005, she moved to Tasaki Perule FC.
She was selected Best Eleven in 2005, 2006.
However, in 2008, the club was disbanded due to financial strain and she retired.
In May 2009, she came back at Speranza FC Takatsuki.
In 2010, she moved to TEPCO Mareeze.
She moved to new club Vegalta Sendai and played as captain.
In April 2004, Shimokozuru was selected the Japan national team for 2004 Summer Olympics qualification.
At this competition, on April 18, she debuted against Vietnam.
She was a member of Japan for 2004 Summer Olympics.
She also played at 2006, 2008 Asian Cup and 2006 Asian Games.
She played 28 games for Japan until 2008.
Kitamoto was born in Sapporo on June 22, 1983.
After graduating from Tokyo Women's College of Physical Education, she played for Urawa Reds from 2004 to 2010.
The club won Nadeshiko League champions in 2004 and 2009.
She was also selected Best Eleven in 2009.
She retired end of 2010 season.
In 2014, she came back as playing manager at new club Orca Kamogawa FC.
She played until 2015 season.
In August 2002, Kitamoto was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 2002 U-19 World Championship.
On June 6, 2004, she debuted for the Japan national team against United States.
She played 17 games and scored 4 goals for Japan until 2010.
The Java mouse-deer (Tragulus javanicus) is a leaf-dwelling, predominantly herbivorous ungulate in the family Tragulidae.
When it reaches maturity it is about the size of a rabbit, making it the smallest living ungulate.
It is found in forests in Java and perhaps Bali, although sightings there have not been verified.
The Java mouse-deer's common scientific name is Tragulus javanicus, although other classification names for it exist, including Tragulus javanica, Cervus javanicus, and the heterotypic synonym Tragulus fuscatus.
The Java mouse-deer is also known by many common names, including Javan chevrotain, Javan mousdeer, or Java Mousedeer.
The taxonomic status of the Java mouse-deer is questionable, but recent craniometric analyses have begun to shed light on the taxonomic discrepancies.
Previously, the Java mouse-deer, Tragulus javanicus, was commonly thought to represent the wider class of large chevrotains, but it was found that these, unlike the Java mouse-deer, do not likely reside on Java.
Three species groups of Tragulus have been identified based on craniometric skull analyses and coat coloration patterns.
These three species groups are Tragulus javanicus, Tragulus napu, and Tragulus versicolor.
Based upon these craniometric analyses, Tragulus javanicus was then further separated based on the organisms’ known geographic locations: Tragulus williamsoni (found in northern Thailand and possibly southern China), Tragulus kanchil (found in Borneo, Sumatra, the Thai–Malay Peninsula, islands within the Greater Sunda region, and continental Southeast Asia), and Tragulus javanicus (found in Java).
Thus, because of its uniqueness to the island of Java, the Java mouse-deer is now considered a distinct species, although this fact has not significantly affected its current classification.
Appearance and biology
Mouse-deer possess a triangular-shaped head, arched back, and round body with elevated rear quarters.
The thin, short legs which support the mouse-deer are about the diameter of an average pencil.
Although Java mouse-deer do not possess antlers or horns like regular deer, male Java mouse-deer have elongated, tusk-like upper canines which protrude downward from the upper jaw along the sides of their mouth.
Males use these “tusks” to defend themselves and their mates against rivals.
Females can be distinguished from males because they lack these prominent canines, and they are slightly smaller than the males.
Java mouse-deer can furthermore be distinguished by their lack of upper incisors.
The coat coloration of the Java mouse-deer is reddish-brown with a white underside.
Pale white spots or vertical markings are also present on the animal's neck.
With an average length of  and an average height of , the Java mouse-deer is the smallest extant (living) ungulate or hoofed mammal, as well as the smallest extant even-toed ungulate.
The weight of the Java mouse-deer ranges from , with males being heavier than females.
It has an average tail length of about .
Mouse-deer are thought to be the most primitive ruminants based on their behaviour and the fossil record, thus they are the living link between ruminants and non-ruminants.
The Java mouse-deer is endothermic and homoeothermic, and has an average basal metabolic rate of about 4.883 watts.
It also has the smallest red blood cells (erythrocytes) of any mammal, and about 12.8% of the cells have pits on them.
The pits range in diameter from 68 to 390 nanometres.
Red blood cells with pits are unique and have not been reported before either physiologically or pathologically.
Tragulus javanicus is usually considered to be endemic to Java, Indonesia.
There have been unverified reports of sightings on Bali.
The Java mouse-deer prefers habitats of higher elevations and the tropical forest regions of Java, although it does appear at lower elevations between  above sea level.
During the day, Java mouse-deer can be seen roaming in crown-gap areas with dense undergrowth of creeping bamboo, through which they make tunnels through the thick vegetation which lead to resting places and feeding areas.
At night, the Java mouse-deer moves to higher and drier ridge areas.
It has been argued that Java mouse-deer are an “edge” species, favoring areas of dense vegetation along riverbanks.
Additionally, Java mouse-deer have been found to be more prevalent in logged areas than in the more mature forests, and their densities tended to decrease proportionately as the logged forests matured.
Java mouse-deer are primarily herbivores, although in captivity they have been observed to eat insects as well as foliage.
Their diet consists primarily of that which they find on the ground in the dense vegetation they inhabit, and they prefer the plants of the faster-growing gap species over the closed forest understory species, likely due to the increased richness of secondary protective compounds which the gap species provide.
They are often classified as folivores, eating primarily leaves, shrubs, shoots, buds, and fungi, in addition to fruits which have fallen from trees.
The fruits which Java mouse-deer commonly consume range from , while the seeds range from .
Groups of Java mouse-deer are commonly referred to as “herds,” while females are termed “does,” “hinds,” or “cows.”
Males are referred to as either “bucks,” “stags,” or “bulls,” and their young are commonly called “fawns,” or “asses”.
It was previously believed that Java mouse-deer were nocturnal, but more recent studies have shown that they are neither truly nocturnal nor diurnal, but instead crepuscular, meaning they prefer to be active during the dim light of dawn and dusk.
This behavior has been observed in both wild and captive Java mouse-deer.
Although Java mouse-deer form monogamous family groups, they are usually shy, solitary animals.
They are also usually silent; the only noise they make is a shrill cry when they are frightened.
Male Java mouse-deer are territorial, marking their territory and their mates with secretions from an intermandibular scent gland under their chin.
This territorial marking usually includes urinating or defecating to mark their area.
To protect themselves and their mates or to defend their territory, mouse-deer slash rivals with their sharp, protruding canine “tusks.”
It has also been observed that, when threatened, the Java mouse-deer will beat its hooves quickly against the ground, reaching speeds of up to 7 beats per second, creating a “drum roll” sound.
The territories of Tragulus javanicus males and females have been observed to overlap considerably, yet individuals of the same sex do not share their territories.
When giving birth, however, females tend to establish a new home range.
Female Java mouse-deer have an estimated home range of , while males inhabit, on average, .
Additionally, male Java mouse-deer, in nature, were observed to travel distances of  daily on average, while females average  daily.
Java mouse-deer are capable of breeding at any time during the year, and this has been observed during captivity.
However, some sources have observed that the breeding season for the Java mouse-deer in nature occurs from November to December.
Additionally, female mouse-deer have the potential to be pregnant throughout most of their adult life, and they are capable of conceiving 85–155 minutes after giving birth.
The Java mouse-deer's gestation period usually lasts 4.5 months, or 144 days.
Typical litters consist of a single fawn, which resembles a miniature adult, although the tusk-like incisors prevalent in males are not visible in the young mouse-deer.
The average mass of a newborn fawn is , and these precocial young are capable of standing within 30 minutes after birth.
Fawns are capable of eating solid food within two weeks, yet it takes around 12 weeks to completely wean the fawns.
On average, it takes the young, both male and female, 167 days (~5 months) to reach sexual maturity.
Mouse-deer have been observed to live up to 14 years in captivity, but their lifespan in nature is still an open question.
One of the main predators which the Java mouse-deer face is humans.
Through the destruction of their habitat, as well as from hunting and trapping the mouse-deer for food, their pelts, and for pets, humans have considerably reduced the Java mouse-deer population.
Mouse-deer are particularly vulnerable to being hunted by humans at night because of their tendency to freeze when illuminated by having a spotlight shone on them.
Because of the small size of the Java mouse-deer, dogs are also a common predator for them, as well as crocodiles, big cats, birds of prey, and snakes.
Although research into the diseases and parasites which affect the Java mouse-deer are still nascent, bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV 1), a pestivirus of the family flaviviridae has been detected in Java mouse-deer.
Mouse-deer acquire this virus through fetal infection during early pregnancy.
Once acquired, individuals with BVDV can gain lifelong immune tolerance.
Java mouse-deer is currently categorized as “Data Deficient” on the International Union for Conservation of Nature's Red List.
This data deficiency is due to the inconclusiveness regarding the distinct separation of Tragulus species, in addition to the lack of information on Tragulus javanicus.
Even comparison of past observed numbers of Java mouse-deer with those presently observed does not greatly aid researchers because of the high likelihood of inaccuracy in past observations.
Although listed as “Data Deficient,” it is highly probable that a decline in the numbers of Java mouse-deer is occurring, and upon further investigation of this issue, the Red List status of Tragulus javanicus could easily change to “Vulnerable”.
Some conservation actions which have been implemented include legally protecting the species, which, although it has been in effect since 1931, makes no significant difference since hunting of Java mouse-deer still occurs.
Additionally, some areas of Java which the Java mouse-deer frequents have been protected, yet enforcement of these regulations is still needed.
One of the greatest conservation efforts needed is simply more information about the species: a more complete definition of its taxonomy, as well as more information on its habitat and behavior.
Indonesian folklore
Historically, the mouse-deer has featured prominently in Malay and Indonesian folklore, where it is considered a wise creature.
This character, Sang Kancil (pronounced “Kahn-cheel”), is a diminutive but wise mouse-deer.
Sang Kancil is a tiny and cunning hero who, through his intelligence, is able to prevail over his larger tyrants and foes.
Tragulus
Marjing () is a primordial deity in Meitei mythology and religion of Ancient Kangleipak (Antique Manipur).
He is the God of horses, polo, hockey, sports and war.
The guardianship of the north eastern direction is alluded to Marjing and the other directions to Koubru (north west), Thangjing (south west) and Wangbren (south east).
According to the legend, he invented the game of polo (Sagol Kangjei) and introduced it as the national game.
He and his divine creature, Samadon Ayangba, reside in the top of the Heingang hills.
According to the Leithak Leikharol PuYa, God Marjing (mentioned as "Maraching") originated from the intestines of Atiya Sidaba.
He was created to control Samadon Ayangba, the divine horse ().
The horse was created from the foot of Ashiba (Sanamahi).
God Marjing is one of the five gods who enter into the human body and position themselves as one of the souls.
Marjing dwells in the heart of human body.
The God is also associated with Sagol Kangjei (Polo), the main sports of the Meitei people.
Parratt says "His main importance in Meitei mythology is that he is credited with the invention of polo, the national game."
Sagol Kangjei () is originally the game of gods.
There are 7 players on each side.
They used Kangdrum (a ball made from bamboo root).
This is what the human beings imitate from them.
The first divine polo match was played during the festival of Lai Haraoba.
During the Lai Haraoba festival, a maibi (priestess) performs a ritual in the form of a mime.
She holds a mallet in her hand and enacts the game of polo.
Every year, in the top of the Heingang Hills, devotees offer polostick (, ) and bamboo-root-ball () to God Marjing.
This is done even when any animal in one's house become sick.
In 1618 AD, during the reign of King Khagemba, a public worship took place at his abode and also at every watery place on the river side.
Wild boars, ducks, cocks, hen, pigeons and other creatures were offered to God Marjing.
This was recorded in the Cheitharol Kumbaba.
Marjing_English Wikisource
Marjing_archive.org
Marjing_e-pao.net
Toyoda was born in Kamakura on September 15, 1986.
She was promoted to Nippon TV Beleza from youth team in 2003.
She retired in June 2011.
In 2012, she came back at Speranza FC Osaka-Takatsuki.
In October, she moved to Albirex Niigata.
From 2013, she played for Bunnys Kyoto SC (2013) and Yokohama FC Seagulls (2014).
On December 18, 2004, when Toyoda was 18 years old, she debuted for the Japan national team against Chinese Taipei.
She was a member of Japan for 2007 World Cup.
She played 22 games for Japan until 2010.
Wangbren () is the god of water, rain, flood, disease and sickness in Meitei mythology and religion of Ancient Kangleipak (Antique Manipur).
He is the ruler of the underwater world.
He is the Lord of the rivers.
The guardianship of the south eastern direction is alluded to Wangbren and the other directions to Koubru (north west), Marjing (north east) and Thangjing (south west).
He is one of the Umang Lais.
He has a strong connection with the Anal tribe (Anan tribe) for marrying a lady of the Anal Khullen village.
Among the cult centres dedicated to him, the one at Sugnu is the most significant in Meitei pantheon.
In the Wakoklon Heelel Thilel Salai Amailon Pukok Puya, Wangbren is mentioned as "Khana Chaopa Wangpulen".
According to the text, He is one of the 7 Laipungthous and one of the manifestations of the Supreme God, Ipung Loinapa Apakpa.
Once God Wangbren went to the village of the Anal people, disguising Himself as a human.
He fell in love with a beautiful girl, Shagnu.
The maiden was also attracted to His good looks.
The girl's affair with a stranger angered the community.
The young men of the village challenged Wangbren to fight.
There were competitions in race, stone throw and archery.
If He failed, He would be killed.
But He won all the challenges.
As He won, He took Shangnu, the maiden away with Him to His divine abode.
Whenever one gets drowned, Wangbren is worshipped according to the traditional rites and rituals.
They did so in a belief that there will be no further deaths in water.
Whenever unusual flood water currents are seen, especially in rivers, He is worshipped by people to save them from drowning and other mishaps.
If a drowned person's dead body is not found, then a portion of the trunk of palash tree (Butea monosperma) is cremated.
It is done in a belief that Wangbren might have kept the corpse at a sacred place.
Wangbren is worshipped by offering fruits, flowers and kabok.
The rites and rituals are performed by the maibas.
It is to ward off the diseases, illness or sickness caused by the water god.
Examples include skin diseases, cold and cough, diarrhoea, etc.
In the planning,
A denotes the spot of burial of gold models.
B denotes the position of the cloth on which clothes of Lai (Male Deity) and Lairemma (Female Deity) were laid.
C denotes the position of the rice pot.
D denotes the position of the 3 dried plantain leaves containing rice, betel nut, plantains, sugarcane, flowers and fruits.
E denotes the position of the plantain leaf on which cucumbers and other vegetables are offered to God Khana Chaoba Wangbren.
F denotes the position of the cloth on which a cloth is knotted to represent a man (a rag doll).
G denotes the position of Moirang Keirungba.
H denotes the position of Moirang Ningthou (lit.
King of Moirang).
I denotes the position of the King.
J denotes the position of the Maiba.
K denotes the position of Suganu Hanjaba.
M and N denote the position of the attendants.
O denotes the position of a fowl kept.
Cults and Shrines
A sacred shrine dedicated to Wangbren still exists today in the Sugnu village.
Annually, the non-Christian Anal villagers give offerings to their priest.
The priest took and offer the articles to the God in Sugnu.