the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
This game features Game & Watch games in two styles: Classic, which features faithful reproductions of the original games, and Modern, which gives the games a different visual style using characters from the Super Mario Bros. series.
It features 11 games with both Modern and Classic modes, and nine games with only Classic mode.
This game facilitates multiplayer for Boxing and Donkey Kong 3.
Rain Shower
Mario's Cement Factory
Mario's Bombs Away
Safebuster
Metuchen was created by the New Jersey Legislature on March 20, 1900.
The land was part of Raritan Township (now known as Edison).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the borough had a total area of 2.766 square miles (7.166 km2).
That included 2.764 square miles (7.160 km2) of land and 0.002 square miles (0.006 km2) of water (0.09%).
The Bukit Panjang LRT Line is a LRT  Line in Singapore.
The line takes about 28 minutes for the full loop.
This route starts at the Choa Chu Kang and travels around the Bukit Panjang area.
The Bukit Panjang LRT was first opened on 6 November 1999.
Ten Mile Junction Station was closed from 10 December 2010 to 30 December 2011.
All stations, except Choa Chu Kang and Ten Mile Junction, have two facing side platforms.
Choa Chu Kang has an island platform, similar to most Singapore MRT stations, while Ten Mile Junction has only a single platform and is the only station with platform screen doors (supplied by Horton Automatics).
Bukit Panjang and Choa Chu Kang have half-height platform barriers.
Choa Chu Kang station will have two additional platforms and a new set of fare gates to ease crowding during peak hours.
Between 2016 and 2017, Half-Height Platform Barriers were installed at the remaining 11 LRT stations.
Prince Antoine of Monaco, Marquis of Baux  (16 December 1717 – 4 February 1718), was a Monégasque prince and member of the House of Grimaldi.
He was known as the Marquis of Baux as the heir to the throne of Monaco.
He was also the  and Count of Matignon.
He died before succeeding his mother.
Ten Mile Junction LRT Station (BP14) is an LRT station in Singapore.
It is along the Bukit Panjang LRT Line.
Services are provided at a lower frequency than other LRT stations.
Trains only arrive every 20 minutes.
6 November 1999: Station opened
10 December 2010: Station closed
30 December 2011: Station reopened
Previous: Bukit Panjang (BP6/DT1)Next: N/A
It is named after the Paya Lebar Road, not the area called Paya Lebar.
It is in the Geylang district.
This station was opened on 4 November 1989, as part of the East West Line.
Its former code is E5.
The Circle Line station platforms was opened on 17 April 2010.
A track fault at Paya Lebar delayed trains travelling towards HarbourFront on 31 December 2012.
SMRT had called in staff to manually drive the trains between Dakota and MacPherson to navigate the fault.
Circle Line trains began running normally again more than four hours after the fault took place around 8 am.
Station Information
There are two links between the elevated East West Line station and the underground Circle Line station.
The first link consists of a series of escalators to the Circle Line concourse from the western side of the East West platform, which is a common link to go to the Circle Line station.
The second link, which is barrier-free, was built on the former area of Exit A which has been closed since late 2007 for reconstruction.
For the East West Line, train platforms are on Level 2.
For the Circle Line, train platforms are on Basement 2.
This is the only interchange station that has a middle track on the underground line, and it is the terminus for short-working trips after peak hours.
A petitioner is a very specific legal term.
It is the person who presents a formal legal petition to a court or a legislature that requests a certain action be taken.
A petitioner is also the person who files a motion  or an appeal to a higher court.
A party who petitions the Supreme Court to review a case is known as either the petitioner or the appellant.
The person or entity (such as a corporation or government) who opposes the petition is called a respondent.
In some cases a third party, an amicus curiae (friend of the court), may be heard.
Appeal process
In the case of an appeal, the petitioner is usually the party who lost in a lower court.
This can be either the plaintiff or the defendant who files the petition to the higher court for judicial review.
If the petition is granted, the petitioner files an appellate brief giving the legal arguments for filing the appeal.
The respondent is given a short period of time to respond to the brief with arguments for their side of the case and to refute any arguments made by the petitioner.
In some jurisdictions, the petitioner is allowed to file a short reply.
In all three cases, arguments must be based on the trial record which includes the Transcripts of testimony and evidence from the original trial.
In civil law the person who files the case against another person is called the petitioner or plaintiff.
In a divorce this is the party who files or starts the action to legally end the marriage.
Is it better to be the petitioner or the respondent?
Steven Universe is an American animated television series.
It was created by Rebecca Sugar for Cartoon Network.
The series is about Steven Universe (voiced by Zach Callison), who protects his hometown of Beach City as part of the Crystal Gems, alongside Garnet (voiced by Estelle), Amethyst (voiced by Michaela Dietz), and Pearl (voiced by Deedee Magno).
The following lists are ordered based on the list on official website of the series, which reflects the intended watching order of the creators.
While similar to the original broadcast order, three episodes from the first season were not broadcast until the second season.
Pilot (2013)
Season 1 (2013-15)
Season 2 (2015–16)
Season 3 (2016)
Season 4 (2016-17)
Season 5 (2017-19)
Subash Chandra Bose was an Indian freedom fighter and one of the causes to Indian freedom.
He was known as Netaji.
He was the President of Indian National Congress (INC)  from 1938 to 1939.
He attempted to get rid of British rule in India during World War II.
Netaji's attempt was successful.
He was also recognised as the person who founded the Azad Hind Army or Indian National Army with the help of Japan in 1942.
Pages with script errors
Princess Charlotte Thérèse Nathalie Grimaldi of Monaco  (19 May 1719 – circa 1790), was a Monégasque princess.
Charlotte never married and as a result became a nun at a convent in Paris.
Born in Paris, she was the eldest daughter of Princess Louise Hippolyte of Monaco and her husband Prince Jacques  I. Styled as "Mademoiselle de Monaco", she was known as either Charlotte or Thérèse Nathalie.
Never marrying, she eventually took religious vows and became a nun at the Convent of Visitation in Paris on 21 January 1738.
She remained unmarried, and died childless.
She was once engaged to Frédéric Jules de La Tour d'Auvergne, "Prince of Auvergne".
Yet, this proposed marriage did not come to be and before she was much older the engagement was broken off and Charlotte went to a convent to begin her education.
She considered becoming a nun while there, wrestled with the decision but did finally take her vows as a sister of the Order of the Visitation.
She did leave the convent a number of times to visit her family
On April 16, 2016, a 7.8 magnitude struck Ecuador at 18:58 local time.
It was centered about 17 miles from the town of Muisne and about 110 miles from the capital Quito.
There was widespread damage, so that most infrastructures are destroyed.
Structures hundreds of miles from the epicenter collapsed.
Over 272 people died.
Over 2,500 people were injured.
Ecuador earthquake
2016 in South America
Princess Sofia of Sweden, Duchess of Värmland (born Sofia Kristina Hellqvist on 6 December 1984) is the wife of Prince Carl Philip, Duke of Värmland.
She began dating Prince Carl Philip in 2010.
She has also been a glamour model and reality television contestant.
Hellqvist has appeared on the reality show Paradise Hotel.
Marriage and motherhood
She married Prince Carl Philip at Slottskyrkan in Stockholm on 13 June 2015.
After the marriage she got the title Princess of Sweden, Duchess of Värmland.
Their first child Prince Alexander Erik Hubertus Bertil, was born on 19 April 2016.
In March 2017, it was announced that the couple's second child is expected in September 2017.
Their second son Prince Gabriel Carl Walther was born on 31 August 2017.
6 December 1984 – 13 June 2015: Miss Sofia Kristina Hellqvist
13 June 2015 – present: Her Royal Highness Princess Sofia of Sweden, Duchess of Värmland (swedish: Hennes Kungliga Höghet Prinsessan Sofia av Sverige Hertiginna av Värmland)
Seymouria was an amphibian tetrapod from the early Permian of North America and Europe, about 280 to 270 million years ago (mya).
It was small, only 2 ft (60 cm) long.
As an adult animal, Seymouria was well adapted to life on land, with many reptilian features.
It was for quite a long time thought to be a primitive reptile.
However, it is now known that its early life stages were in water.
Apparently, it is an amphibian whose adult stage was adapted for life in a dry climate.
"... the discovery of larval stages... demonstrated conclusively that the seymouriamorphs were not biologically amniotes".
Fossil larvae have been found of three related genera, from the Upper Carboniferous and Lower Permian of five European countries.
"It has been shown conclusively that seymouriamorphs had an amphibian-type life history, with aquatic young stages that lost their external gills after metamorphosis.... Seymouriamorphs were definitely not amniotes themselves".
This means they were not reptiles.
The adult skeletons were first found in the red beds of Texas and Oklahoma.
These beds were laid down in the huge delta complex of a large river flowing towards a coast, much like the Mississippi of today.
The species found in Germany and New Mexico, Seymouria sanjuanensis, had massive legs and held its body well off the ground.
This shows an "effective adaptation to terrrestrial locomotion".
A simplified life cycle might be: eggs laid in water, larval stages in water, young animal with limbs climbs out and instinctively moves to higher ground.
All its life lived as a carnivore on dry land, returning to water occasionally to drink and to breed.
The adults would be able to operate in a fairly dry climate.
Karaikal is a port city in the south-eastern coast of India.
It is also a municipality and headquarters of the Karaikal district.
France got control over Karaikal in 1674 and ruled it for over 280 years until Pondicherry became independent in 1954.
After the independence, Karaikal was also joined with Yanam, Mahe, and Pondicherry forming the Puducherry Union territory.
Karaikal and other surrounding parts like Tirumalairayanpattinam, Thirunallar, Nedungadu, Kottucherry, Neravy, Varichikudy etc.
form the Karaikal district.
This district divides the Nagapattinam district into two.
This makes Nagapattinam district as the only district to be divided into two in India.
Karaikal is in the Kaveri river delta region.
The land around Karaikal is rich in alluvium, which makes it fertile land.
Karaikal is where Karaikal Ammaiyar, one of the 63 nayanmars, was born and lived.
She is one of the renowned saints, who showed her devotion to Lord Shiva.
She was also known as the mother of southern music.
Karaikal has many temples like the Karaikal Ammaiyar Temple.
The grand and famous festival of Mangani festival is celebrated in Karaikal.
The other temples are Kailasanathar Kovil, Sri Nithyakalyana Perumal temple etc.
Karaikal District
Melksham () is a small-sized English town, on the River Avon in the county of Wiltshire.
It is  east of the city of Bath and  south of Chippenham.
Melksham is  west of Devizes and  north of Warminster on the A350 national route.
The name is thought to come from "meolc", the Old English word for milk, and "ham", a village.
On John Speed's map of Wiltshire (1611), the name is spelt both Melksham (for the hundred) and Melksham (for the town itself).
There are nine schools in Melksham.
Melksham also has a very popular football and rugby team that play competitive matches in a small league.
The population of Melksham in 2019 is 19,357.
In Melksham there is a park called King George, it has a tennis court and a football court all together in one.
It has a massive field with lots of apertures and swings.
Preschools
ABC Day Pre-School
Bowerhill Pre-school
King Fishers Pre-School
Little Joeys
Little Robins
Queensway Chapel
Sunflowers Pre-School
Mc Donalds
Melksham Flower Shop
Sainsburys
Savers
Specsavers
Sports Bug
Toy master
Kings Arms
Milk Churn
Reffa Tandori
Weather Spoons
Walks in Melksham
Conigre Mead
Melksham Forest
Nan Chiau High School is a co-educational secondary school in Singapore.
It is one of the 11 schools in Singapore that offer the Special Assistance Plan (SAP) Special/Express stream.
Brief History
Nan Chiau High School was originally Nan Chiau Teachers' Training School which started in 1941 by Tan Kah Kee, at Kim Yam Road in River Valley.
During World War II, the school was used as the headquarters and training grounds for Dalforce, against the invading Japanese.
In 1947 Nan Chiau Teachers' Training School was changed into Nan Chiau Girls' High School.
In 1965, Nan Chiau Girl's High School was rebuilt at a cost of 2 million dollars.
On 8 March 1969, the new school building was opened by then education minister Ong Pang Boon 8 March 1969.
In 1974, the school was further expanded due to high number of students.
In 1980 the school became an English medium school.
In 1984, the school started to take in boys.
The school was renamed "Nan Chiau High School"
In 2000, Nan Chiau High School was relocated to Sengkang New Town.
The primary section separated to form Nan Chiau Primary School
In November 2010, Nan Chiau High School was announced by the Ministry of Education to become the 11th Special Assistance Plan (SAP) school from January 2012.
Member of Paliament of Singapore, 1988 to 2001.
Dr. Leong Chan-Hoong
Deputy Head, Social Lab, Lee Kuan Yew Institute of Policy Studies, National University of Singapore
Han Kim Ling
Product Lifecycle Manager, Volex
Former Project Manager, Tyco Electronics
Singapore pioneer dance choreographer and arts educator
Recipient of the Singapore Cultural Medallion, 1995
Co-founder of Singapore Performing Arts School
Promenade Station (CC4/DT15) is an MRT Station in Singapore.
It is an underground interchange station along Circle MRT Line and Downtown MRT Line.
It is the deepest station in Singapore at 43 meters below ground.
The deepest platform is at Basement 7.
17 April 2010: Station opened along Circle Line
22 December 2013: Downtown Line was opened, making Promenade the deepest MRT interchange station.
27 December 2015: Downtown Line Platforms changed from A and B to C and D
Unusual Layout
Basement 2: Circle Line towards Dhoby Ghaut or Marina Bay
Basement 4: Circle Line towards HarbourFront
Basement 6: Downtown Line towards Expo
Basement 7: Downtown Line towards Bukit Panjang
This is due to lack of space and the tight corridor at Temasek Avenue area.
The two levels were restricted (B3 and B5).
A: The Helix Bridge towards Marina Bay Sands, The Float @ Marina Bay, Singapore Flyer, Conrad Centennial Singapore, F1 Pit Building, Mandarin Oriental, Marina Promenade, Marina Square, Raffles Boulevard, Ritz-Carlton Marina
B: Millenia Walk, Centennial Tower, Millenia Tower
C: Suntec City
Jurong East Station (NS1/EW24) is an MRT station in Singapore.
It is an interchange station along North South MRT Line and East West MRT Line.
The station is a terminus for the North South MRT Line, and is currently the only elevated station to have triple island platforms.
This station was opened on 5 November 1988.
The Branch MRT Line was opened on 10 March 1990, and it merged with North South MRT Line on 10 February 1996.
The station code was originally W9.
Two additional platforms were opened on 27 May 2011.
Following stations
East West Line
Previous: Clementi (EW23)Next: Chinese Garden (EW25)
North South Line
Previous: N/ANext: Bukit Batok (NS2)
The Maurya Empire is the first large empire of India.
The empire was founded in 322 BC by Chandragupta Maurya.
Chandragupta Maurya's rule
Chandragupta Maurya established the Maurya empire by overthrowing the Nanda dynasty and expanded the empire with the help of Chanakya.
By 316 BC , the Maurya empire fully occupied North-Western parts of India, defeating and conquering the governors left by Alexander the Great.
Chandragupta Maurya defeated Seleucus I Nicator and gained the territories beyond Indus River.
After Chandragupta Maurya, his son Bindusara started to rule from 298 BC.
He was called as "Amitraghata", the sanskrit word telling that Bindusara is the "slayer of enemies".
He conquered the southern parts of India.
After his death, only Kalinga (modern Orissa) and parts of Tamil Nadu were left unconquered.
Golden age of the empire
King Ashoka, son of Bindusara, became the emperor of Mauryan Empire in 268 BC.
He is one of the greatest emperor of the Indian subcontinent.
Ashoka conquered Kalinga in the violent and bloody war, which is known as the Kalinga War.
This is the only war fought by King Ashoka.
The casualities are more than 200,000.
The region of Kalinga was destroyed and looked bloodshed.
This changed the mind of Ashoka.
He devoted the rest of his life to 'ahinsa' and 'dharma-vijaya'.
He became a Buddhist after this war.
King Ashoka made many Rock edicts and Stupas in his empire.
The present emblem of India was taken from one of his rock pillars.
He was commonly called as Ashoka the Great.
After his death in 232 BC, the empire started to decline.
The empire lasted just fifty years after his death.
Brihadratha Maurya, the last Mauryan emperor was killed by his general Pushyamitra Sunga, who founded the Sunga Empire in 185 BC.
Belarusians in South River
The immigrants reestablished the Belarusian Orthodox parish of St. Eufrasinnia, that previously existed in Germany.
In 1953 a Belarusian cemetery was opened, that houses also Radasłaŭ Astroŭski.
The town government council has a Mayor and a Borough Council.
It has 6 members that serve three-year terms.
Two members are up for election each year.
Federal Representation
Roads and highways
The borough had a total of  of roads    were maintained by the municipality.
are maintained by Middlesex County.</p>
The mains roads that travel through are CR 535 and CR 527.
Route 18 passes just west of the borough, which provides access to the New Jersey Turnpike (Interstate 95).
Russell Westbrook Jr. (born November 12, 1988) is an American professional basketball player for the Houston Rockets, Washington Wizards, and the Lakers  of the National Basketball Association (NBA).
Westbrook played college basketball for the UCLA Bruins.
Westbrook is the point guard and stands .
He was named as the best player in the NBA in 2017 winning the MVP (Most Valuable Player) Award, because he is argubaly one of the best players in the NBA because, he has had more triple doubles in three games than lebron james has had his whole 2016-2017 season
Lyubomir Lalov Ivanov  is a Bulgarian mathematician, geographer, linguist and politician.
Chairman of the "Mathematical Logic" section at the Institute of Mathematics and Informatics of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (1990-2011).
Chairman of the Bulgarian Antarctic Place-names Commission since 1994, and national representative to the International Committee on Antarctic Geographic Information.
President of the Manfred Wörner Foundation since 1994.
Chairman of the Atlantic Club in Bulgaria (2001–2009).
Lyubomir Ivanov was born on 7 October 1952 in Sofia.
In the period 1986-1988 he organized a successful dissident campaign against the candidacy of Sofia for hosting in the city and adjacent Vitosha Mountain the Winter Olympics of 1992 and 1994.
He was an activist of the independent association Ecoglasnost in 1989.
Author of Charter '89 for the preservation of Bulgarian natural heritage.
Co-founder of the association Wilderness Fund and the Green Party, 1989.
Participant in the National Round Table, 1990.
Member of the National Coordination Council of the Union of Democratic Forces (1990-1991).
Member of the VII Grand National Assembly.
He authored scientific works in the field of mathematics, linguistics and toponymy, which have been applied in particular in designing the Streamlined System for the Romanization of Bulgarian.
Ivanov suggests using his approach to Cyrillic transliteration also for other alphabets, notably Russian.
Participant in several Antarctic expeditions and author of the first Bulgarian topographic map of Antarctica.
Leader of the topographic survey Tangra 2004/05, noted by Discovery Channel as a timeline event in Antarctic exploration.
In 1987 he was awarded the prize Nikola Obreshkov – the highest national award for achievements in mathematics, given for his monograph Algebraic Recursion Theory.
UNHCR Award for his contribution to refugee studies.
Lyubomir Ivanov on ResearchGate
Douglas Norman Harvey (December 19, 1924 – December 26, 1989) was a Canadian professional hockey player.
He played in the National Hockey League (NHL) from 1947 until 1964, and from 1966 until 1969 and is widely regarded as one of the greatest defencemen ever to play the game.
He won the James Norris Memorial Trophy as the league's top defenceman on seven occasions.
List of NHL players with 1000 games played
Stole This from a Hockey Card: A Philosophy of Hockey, Doug Harvey, Identity and Booze
Alissa Johannsen Rubin is an American journalist who writes about war.
She is the bureau chief for The New York Times in Paris.
In 2016 she received a Pulitzer Prize for her stories about women in Afghanistan.
Rubin worked for The Congressional Quarterly, The Wichita Eagle, and The American Lawyer magazine.
In 1997, Rubin went to work at The Los Angeles Times, where she wrote about Iraq, Afghanistan and the Balkans.
In 2007 she went to work for the The New York Times, where she wrote about Iraq and France.
She worked in the Baghdad bureau as a journalist, and then she became chief.
In 2009, she became chief of the bureau in Kabul, Afghanistan.
2016 Pulitzer Prize for international reporting
2016 Michael Kelly Award for reports on the treatment of women in Afghanistan
2015 John Chancellor Award
"Flawed Justice after a mob killed an Afghan woman", by Alissa J. Rubin.
This story about the death of Farkhunda Malikzada won her the Pulitzer Prize.
Alissa J. Rubin on Twitter
Suraya Pakzad is an Afghan activist.
She started Voice of Women, an organization that helps women in Afghanistan.
In 2008 she received the International Women of Courage Award from the U.S. Department of State.
Pakzad was born in Herat, Afghanistan.
She received a degree in literature from Kabul University in 1990.
When Pakzad was 12 years old, she saw a gunman kill the headmistress of her school.
A few weeks later, a bomb hit her school and killed a girl in her class.
Pakzad started Voice of Women in 1998.
Its main office is in the city of Herat, but it has other offices in three provinces.
The organization continued during the time of the Taliban rule, mostly in the city of Kabul.
The organization helps women with housing.
It helps women who get out of jail, women who run away from violent men, and girls who run away from forced marriages.
During the time of the Taliban, the organization had secret schools for girls in Kabul.
After the end of the Taliban in 2001, Voice of Women was the first women’s NGO to register with the new government.
International Women of Courage Award, 2008, U.S. State Department.
National Medal (Malali Medal), 2008, President of Afghanistan.
"Time 100" most influential people, 2009.
Women, Power and Peace Award, 2009.
Its first settler James Johnston originally called the place "Spotteswoode", named for his old place of residence in Scotland.
The settlement dates back to 1685.
The town had a total area of 2.472 square miles (6.402 km2).
Bokèo (Laotian: ບໍ່ແກ້ວ;) is a northern province of Laos.
It has the fewest people.
The Bokeo Nature Reserve was created as protection for the black crested gibbon (also known as "black-cheeked gibbon"), discovered in 1997, previously thought to be extinct.
Elephants and wild water buffalo migrate through the reserve; bears and tigers are also present.
Its population was 145,000 in 2007, in 36 townships, more than 400 villages.
The province has more than 34 ethnicities.
Houay Xay, the capital city of the province, has a lot of eco nomic activity.
The province produces a lot of maize.
Also there is a big industry for precious stones and gold
Paa beuk, a catfish, the largest freshwater fish in the world, is found in the Mekong river.
It grows to  in length and could weigh up to 300 kg.
It is an economic resource for the people as it has a high price in the market, the meat of this endangered fish being a delicacy.
Tempora is the codeword for a computer system  used by the British Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ).
It collects most internet communications from fibre-optic cables.
The data base of messages can be searched later as required.
The system went into action in autumn 2011.
Tempora uses intercepts on the fibre-optic cables that make up most of the internet.
It gets large amounts of internet users' personal data, without any individual suspicion or targeting.
The existence of Tempora was revealed by Edward Snowden.
He is a former American intelligence contractor who leaked information to former Guardian journalist Glenn Greenwald in May 2013.
This was part of Snowdon's revelations of government-sponsored mass surveillance programs.
Data collected by the Tempora program is shared with the National Security Agency of the United States.
USA3000 Airlines was an airline from the United States.
The original name of the airline was Brendan Airways.
For commercial reasons, the airline chose to be known as USA3000 Airlines.
It was started by Apple Vacations in 2001.
The airline started charter (irregular) flights to Cancún and Punta Cana in December of 2001.
Scheduled (planned) flights were started in 2002.
The airline flew mostly new Airbus A320 family airplanes.
In 2011, Apple Vacations said it would stop USA3000 Airlines from flying.
The last flight was on January 30, 2012.
All of the airline's planes were sold to other airlines, such as Frontier Airlines and VivaColombia.
Lampang (, ) is one of the northern provinces (changwat) of Thailand.
Lampang is in the broad river valley of the Wang River.
It has mountain chains.
The highest mountain is Doi Luang.
It stands at  high.
Lampang is famous for the production of ceramic goods and its mining operations.
A great deal of ball clay, china stone, and lignite are extracted from the surrounding mountains.
There are more than 200 ceramic factories in and around Mueang Lampang district.
Most of ceramic factories are small to medium-sized operations mainly producing novelties (plant pots, dolls), tablewares, and building materials (tiles, railings).
The largest coal fired power plant in Southeast Asia is in Mae Mo district near the lignite mining area.
The plant uses the abundant lignite as fuel.
The largest concrete plant is also north of Mueang Lampang.
This is also powered by lignite.
The agricultural products that this province is famous for are rice and pineapples.
In the 11th century, the Khmer Empire occupied the Lampang area.
King Mengrai of Lanna took control of the region and made it part of his kingdom in 1292.
Lampang became a province of Thailand in 1892.
Sa Paper (กระดาษสา) is a fine product made from a type of soft wood.
The process is purely traditional and the major producing center is the village of Ban Nam Thong.
Luang Wiang Lakhon Fair (งานหลวงเวียงละคอน) features  Lampang's own historical backgrounds and long-established customs and traditions.i
Lampang Trains and Horse Carriages Day (งานวันรถไฟรถม้าลำปาง) is organized at the Nakhon Lampang Railway Station at the beginning of April to commemorate the first royal train that arrived to the station 1 April 1916.
In the event, there will be an exhibition and Kat Mua market, where the participants will dress up in the traditional style of costume of some 80 years ago, when the horse carriage was first used in Lampang.
The carriage service is also provided in the event.
Salung Luang Procession and Songkran Festival (งานแห่สลุงหลวงและสงกรานต์) is a festival held from 12–14 April every year.
On 12 April, water bowls will be decorated".
On 13–14 April every year, there will be, sand pagoda making, ceremony of pouring water onto the elderly, splashing of water, fairs and various forms of entertainment.
Province page from the Tourist Authority of Thailand
Golden Jubilee Network province guide
Lampang provincial map, coat of arms and postal stamp
Chumphon is  located on the narrow landbridge between the Malay Peninsula and the mainland of Thailand.
The north has mountains and the east has flat land on the coast of the Gulf of Thailand.
It has a 222 kilometre-long coastline and 44 islands.
The southern part of the province was originally a separate province named Lang Suan.
It was incorporated into Chumphon in 1932.
In November 1989, typhoon Gay hit the province hard.
529 people were killed, 160,000 became homeless,  of farm land was destroyed.
Gay is the only tropical storm on record which reached Thailand with typhoon wind strength.
It is believed that name comes from a local tree called the Maduea Chumphon (มะเดื่อชุมพร ).
The tree is abundant in the province.
The coffee-growing valley of Ban Panwal in Tha Sae District includes 178,283 rai of robusta coffee plantations.
It produces more than 24 million tonnes a year.
Chumphon Province contributes 60 percent of Thailand's total coffee production.
Local brands include Thamsing, ST Chumphon and Khao Tha-Lu Chumporn.
In 2015, the region had 1.86 million tourists.
These tourists spent 7.55 billion baht.
Average hotel occupancy rose to 65 percent from 53 percent in 2014.
Chumphon Airport is 30 km north of Chumphon city.
It has direct daily flights to Bangkok's Don Mueang Airport (DMK).
Flights from Bangkok are around 60 minutes.
Nok Air operates two daily flights between Bangkok (Don Mueang, DMK) and Chumphon Airport (CJM).
Tham Thip Prida (ถ้ำทิพย์ปรีดา)  A rocky mountain with about 40 caves, some which contain pools.
Khao Chao Mueang (เขาเจ้าเมือง) The district's highest observation point.
Tourists can take  offering panoramic views of the coast and far out into the Chumphon Archipelago.
Khao Phang Forest Park (วนอุทยานเขาพาง)  Within the national park, there is a great variety of tropical vegetation.
Namtok Thap Chang  (น้ำตกทับช้าง)  A waterfall in Khlong Phrao National Park.
Wat Phra Thart Sawi  (วัดพระธาตุสวี)  A temple next to Sawi River stands a shrine
Phato Rafting (งานเทศกาลล่องแพพะโต๊ะ)Held during February to April.
There is a mini-marathon.
Lang Suan's Fruit Fair (งานวันผลไม้เมืองหลังสวน) This fair is organized annually around August.
The fruit market here exhibits a variety of fruits and there is a fruits contest.
Official homepage (Thai & English)
Chai Nat is a flat plain.
It is in central Thailand's Chao Phraya River valley.
There is a dam.
It is used for flood control as well.
It also is used to divert water into the country's largest irrigation system.
The water is used for irrigation of rice paddies in the lower river valley.
The dam was finished in 1957 and was the first dam constructed in Thailand.
Chai Nat was first established during the Ayutthaya kingdom.
It was used as a successful base of operations for confronting the Burmese army.
As the Burmese were defeated every time, the area earned the name Chai Nat, "place of victory".
Chai Nat Bird Park (สวนนกชัยนาท) This sanctuary has the biggest bird sanctuary in Asia (26 rai; 4.2 hectares).
Many bird bird species to live in their natural habitat.
Chai Nat Muni National Museum (พิพิธภัณฑสถานแห่งชาติ ชัยนาทมุนี) This archaeological museum is a 2-storey adapted Thai-style building.
Downstairs displays celadon Buddha images, tools, and ornaments.
Chao Phraya Dam (เขื่อนเจ้าพระยา)  The nation's first large dam.
Wat Phra Mahathat (วัดพระมหาธาตุ) The royal temple of Mueang Phraek or Mueang San.
The temple houses a distinguished prang with a fluted spire like the shape of a star fruit.
The prang housing Buddha relics is made from brick on a square shaped base (a plinth) in the Lop Buri style.
Wat Song Phi Nong (วัดสองพี่น้อง) Legend has it that Chao Sam, one of the three siblings, incited the other two siblings named Chao Ai and Chao Yi against each other for the throne.
Both Chao Ai and Chao Yi died and Chao Sam became the ruler.
Chao Sam then built one prang and one chedi for his late brothers.
Wat Phra Kaeo (วัดพระแก้ว) An ancient temple housing a beautiful square-based stupa.
In front of the stupa stands a Buddha image hall known as Wihan Luangpho Chai, where a delicately carved sandstone lintel was found at the back of the image.
Manorom's Pomelo (ส้มโอมโนรมย์) The most famous is the Khao Taengkwa variety with its sweet-crispy taste, large size, and is available throughout.
The annual fair is held in August.
Straw Bird Fair, Chai Nat's Product Fair, and Red Cross Fair  (งานมหกรรมหุ่นฟางนกนานาชาติ งานของดี และงานกาชาดจังหวัดชัยนาท) This annual fair is organized by making good use of straw, a by-product in rice farming.
Chainat Bird Park
Website of province  (Thai only)
Chainat provincial map, coat of arms and postal stamp
Kanchanaburi ( (Pronunciation)) is the largest of the western provinces (changwat) of Thailand.
The province is in west Thailand, 129 km from Bangkok.
The area is about 19,483 km².
It is the country's third largest province, after Nakhon Ratchasima and Chiang Mai.
It is covered with timber and evergreen forests.
The River Kwai is in the province.
Several national parks are in the mountainous forest areas.
They include the Thungyai Naresuan Wildlife Sanctuary, which is on the UNESCO world heritage list.
Archaeological remains found in Kanchanaburi date back to the 4th century.
Evidence of trade exists, saying the people traded with surrounding regions at that time.
Very little is known about the historical Khmer influence in Kanchanaburi.
Very little of the region is known before the reign of King Rama I. In 1982, many skeletons and swords were found in Phanom Thuan District.
This makes people think this site was the place of the famous battle of King Naresuan against the Burmese crown-prince.
Most foreigners are mainly aware of Kanchanaburi's recent history.
During the Japanese occupation of Thailand in 1942, Allied Prisoners-of-War and Asian labourers were ordered by the Japanese to build a Thailand-Burma railway.
Eventually, more than 100,000 people (16,000 allied POWs and 90,000 local Asian labourers) died from horrific working conditions.
River: Locals seldom use the river for transportation these days, but instead for tourist-related boat rides and karaoke dinners.
Rail: Kanchanburi is on the line from Bangkok Noi to Nam Tok (Sai Yok).
The section from Kanchanaburi westward is what remains of the railway built by forced labour.
The line from Nam Tok to Sanklaburi (next to the Burmese border) was pulled up by the British after the war.
There is a short section of track along with a nearby museum at Hell Fire Pass, a few kilometres west of Nam Tok.
The Bridge Over the River Kwai was built next to the town of Kanchanaburi.
The Death Railway ran all the way from the Kwae River valley up to Three Pagodas Pass.
Today, only the lowest part of the railway to Nam Tok is still in use.
Kanchanaburi city has a war museum and a large POW cemetery.
In the Sai Yok district, there is a Buddhist tiger temple where tame tigers roam freely once a day.
Also in Sai Yok is the Mueang Sing Historical Park, ruins of a Khmer town and temple, as well as the Sai Yok National Park with the two Sai Yok waterfalls.
Death Railway (ทางรถไฟสายมรณะ), the strategic railway tracks began from Nong Pla Duk Station in Amphoe Ban Pong, Ratchaburi, and ran via Kanchanaburi across the Khwae Yai River, westbound to the Three Pagodas Pass, to end at Thanbuyuzayat in Burma.
Total length within Thai territory was 300 km.
The railway took only one year to complete, from October 1942–October 1943.
After the war, some lengths of track were demolished and some submerged under the lake of Khao Laem Dam.
Sangkhla Buri Jungle Trek This service is offered to tourists by hotels in Amphoe Sangkhla Buri.
The programme starts with rowing boats along Huai Song Ka Lia, riding elephants and rafting.
Cultural tourism
Ban Nong Khao is one district in Kanchanaburi, about 12 km.
away from the province.
Villagers here still live simply in an agricultural society and old-style houses practising culture and traditions which has been transmitted from generation to generation.
Ban Khao Lek is a small Karen village, in the middle of a valley in Chaloem Rattanakosin National Park with splendid nature.
They live a simple life and mainly rely on nature.
They practice Karen culture from generation to generation.
In 1918, alluvial sapphire deposits were discovered near Bo Ploi.
It was a major source of sapphires in the 1980s and 1990s.
Kanchanaburi Province is the site of "Klity Creek", a waterway heavily polluted by the practices of the Lead Concentrate Company.
The company was ordered by a Thai court to clean up its environmental damage in 2013.
To date (2016) the court ordered clean-up has been halting and ineffectual.
Local culture
Folk culture and traditions
Ram Yoei is a local dance of the Kanchanaburi local people that has been performed for more than 500 years.
They perform Ram Yoei on Songkran Day and New Year, etc.
Men and women must form a circle, one person will lead to sing and another will sing to the other’s lyric in reply, and Luk Khu (chorus) will sing along and dance to the rhythm of Klong Yao drums.
At present, Ram Yoei is played only in Amphoe Phanom Thuan.
Most of the local rural people work in the field of agriculture.
Even though most of them are of Thai ancestry, there is also a lot of Mon and Karen blood around.
As minority, people have dwelled in the area for hundreds of years.
Kanchanburi enjoys plenty of popular folk festivals.
Events and festivals
Boat and Raft People’s Day (งานเทศกาลชาวเรือชาวแพ); held every year at the beginning of November at Song Khwae Road near the riverside in front of the city of Kanchanaburi.
Activities are folk performances, Thai typical music performance, academic exhibition concerning conservation of rivers and canals, water sports such as riding long-boat, speed-boat and jet-skiing.
River Kwae Bridge Week (งานสัปดาห์สะพานข้ามแม่น้ำแคว); held every year around the end of November until the beginning of December to commemorate the significance of the Death Railway and the Bridge over the Khwae River taking place in World War II.
Visitors can see the historical and archaeological exhibition, folk performances, booths of products, entertaining activities, and light and sound show.
Kanchanburi is known for its freshwater fish.
The most popular dining areas are the Song Kwae Road waterfront area and the riverside restaurants in the vicinity of the River Kwai Bridge.
There are "jungle" food restaurants selling illegal imported meat of endangered animals from Burma.
Medical health care
Tourist Authority of Thailand
Kanchanaburi Rajabhat University Main University in Kanchanaburi
Erawan National Park, Kanchanaburi
Pathum Thani (, ) is one of the central provinces (changwat) of Thailand.
Many canals are in the province.
They are used to feed the rice paddies.
In 1815, King Rama II visited the city.
He was given a lot of lotus flowers.
Because of this, the king decided to rename the city to "Pathum Thani".
It means "the lotus flower town".
Education and technology
Pathum Thani has a very high concentration of higher education institutions, especially ones in the field of science and technology.
This, together with a large number of industrial parks and research facilities (including those in Thailand Science Park), make the region the educational and technology hub of the area.
Academic institutes
There are 10 of them.
Research bodies
There are 9 of them.
Industrial parks
The Bible of Borso d'Este or Bibbia di Borso d’Este is a famous illuminated Latin Bible from the Renaissance period in the history of Europe.
It was made in 1455-61 for Borso d'Este, the Duke of Ferrara.
It has more than 600 pages and more than 1000 small paintings.
It has many pictures of plants and animals as well as pictures showing life in the fifteenth century, including pictures of music and dance.
In 1937 the Bible of Borso d'Este was reproduced in a limited edition by Bestetti Edizioni d'Arte which today has a high auction value considered as a work of art.
Northern Italy had a tradition of miniature painting for many years.
The French Bible of Niccolò III was painted in this tradition.
It was a model for Borso's miniatures.
Niccolò's Bible was written in 1434.
It is now in the Vatican.
The Bible of Borso d'Este was made between 1455 and 1461.
A group of artists made the drawings.
Taddeo Crivelli and Franco dei Russi were the leaders of the artists.
Other artists were Girolamo da Cremona, Marco dell’Avogadro, and Giorgio d’Alemagna.
Pietro Paolo Marone, a scribe from Bologna, did the writing.
In 1598, the Estense family moved to Modena, after the Pope took control of Ferrara.
They took the Bible with them to Modena.
In 1859, the city of Modena became part of Italy, and Francesco V d’Austria-Este went to Vienna with the Bible.
In 1923, Giovanni Treccani degli Alfieri bought the Bible in a Paris bookstore.
He returned the Bible to the Biblioteca Estense in Modena, Italy.
The Bible of Borso d'Este is now in the Biblioteca Estense (Este Library) in the Palazzo dei Musei, a museum and art gallery.
The museum building was originally a poorhouse called Grande Albergo dei Poveri, built from 1767 to 1771.
In 1788 the building became an art gallery.
In 1883, the government got the building.
The Bible of Borso d'Este is one of the most famous books in the museum.
Biblioteca Estense Universitaria
Biblia Latina [Bibbia di Borso d'Este], v.1
Biblia Latina [Bibbia di Borso d'Este], v.2
David Hume divided knowledge into two categories “relations of ideas”, and “matters of fact”.
Relations of ideas are truthful and correct statements (for example “all unmarried men are bachelors”).
Matters of fact are statements we are nearly certain are truthful but there is still a chance for it to be false: “the sun will rise in the morning”: there is a chance it will not rise.
"Purple Rain" is a pop and rock song by the musician Prince.
The song is from the 1984 album of the same name.
It was the third single off that album.
On the Billboard Hot 100, the album reached #2 for two weeks.
It was certified as Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America.
One million copies were shipped in the United States.
The original version is eight minutes/forty five seconds long.
The song was shortened to four minutes before it was released as a single.
"When Doves Cry" is a 1984 rock–pop ballad from the musician Prince.
It was the lead single off his 1984 album Purple Rain.
It was also his first American #1 hit song.
It topped the charts for five weeks.
According to Billboard magazine, "When Doves Cry" was the top selling single of the year.
It was certified as Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America.
Over two million copies were shipped in the United States.
Lopburi () is a  province in the central region of Thailand.
Many historical structures, artifacts, and prehistoric settlements have been discovered.
The name Lavo originated in the Dvaravati period (6th–11th century CE).
The  Khmer Empirewould build many impressive temples in the city during its rule.
In 1856, King Mongkut of the Chakri dynasty ordered King Narai's palace to be renovated.
The city finally regained its importance in 1938, when  Field Marshal Plaek Phibunsongkhram chose Lopburi to be the largest military base in Thailand.
Lopburi is on the east side of the Chao Phraya River valley.
It is between the Lopburi River and Pa Sak Rivers.
Most of the land is mixed plains and hills.
Thepsatri Rajabhat University
Kasetsart University, Lopburi Campus
Ramkhamhaeng University, Lopburi Campus
Wat Sao Thong Thong () The temple's shrine hall is believed to have originally been constructed as a religious site for another religion.
King Narai National Museum () was established in 1923.
Wichayen House () Christian church.
Phra Prang Sam Yot () Buddhist temple.
Lop Buri Zoo ()
Wat Phra Si Rattana Mahathat (
Phra Narai Ratchaniwet () King Narai built this palace in 1666 as a royal residence in Lopburi.
Wat San Paulo (วัดสันเปาโล) A Jesuit church, constructed in the reign of King Narai.
At present, only a side of the wall and an observatory remain.
Wat Yang Na Rangsi and Lop Buri Boat Museum (วัดยาง ณ รังสี และพิพิธภัณฑ์เรือพื้นบ้าน) Lopburi Boat Museum is at the temple sermon hall, constructed in 1927 on the bank of the Lopburi River.
The hall was granted an award for Best Architectural Preservation in 1993.
It reflects the rural Thai temple hall's style in central Thailand.
Tha Khae Scripture Hall (หอไตรวัดท่าแค) Dharma Scripture hall of the "Lao Lom" community.
Normally, a scripture hall is constructed on high columns in a pond.
However, the one at this temple is a wooden house with a cruciform plan located on high columns.
Ang Sap Lek (อ่างซับเหล็ก) A natural ancient reservoir.
In 1977, Lopburi improved Ang Sap Lek to be a natural tourist attraction by building roads around the reservoir, planting trees, as well as, erecting a summer relaxation pavilion.
Wat Lai (วัดไลย์) There are remaining ancient stucco reliefs on the Jakata stories and the Buddha's life.
Maitreya Bodhisattva's image is another object that has been highly respected by the people from the past.
Besides, there are other objects such as an old wihan with slit windows, which is the architecture reflecting the early Ayutthaya style.
Khao Samo Khon (เขาสมอคอน) A mountain range which has been important historically.
There are four important temples on this mountain range: Wat Bandai Sam Saen, Wat Tham Tako Phutthasopha, Wat Tham Chang Phueak, and Wat Khao Samo Khon.
Amphoe Ban Mi (อำเภอบ้านหมี่) Famous for Mudmi silk.
Most of the locals are Thai Phuan who migrated from Laos around 130 years ago.
They named their new settlement as "Ban Mi" after their former Laotian village.
Wat Thammikaram or Wat Khangkhao (วัดธรรมิการาม หรือ วัดค้างคาว) Mural paintings at the four sides of the ubosot depict the life of Buddha.
The paintings incorporate Western techniques such as the shading of trees.
Wat Khao Wongkot (วัดเขาวงกต) There is a bat cave on the shoulder of the mountain above the ubosot.
It is the largest bat cave in Lopburi, inside which live millions of bats.
The bats' droppings generate an income for the wat of more than ten thousand baht a year.
Khao Wong Phrachan (เขาวงพระจันทร์) At the summit of Khao Wong Phrachan visitors can see the panoramic scenery below.
Khao Wong Phrachan is the highest mountain in Lopburi.
Sunflower fields (ทุ่งทานตะวัน) Lopburi is the leading sunflower province.
Some 200,000–300,000 rai are planted with sunflowers.
They are usually in full bloom from November–January.
Sunflower fields are scattered throughout Mueang District, Phatthana Nikhom District, and Chai Badan District.
Wat Phrom Rangsi (วัดพรหมรังษี) This temple has an ubosot with four porches.
The bell-shape chedi is similar to the Phra Borommathat, a chedi containing a Buddha relic, in Nakhon Si Thammarat.
Pa Sak Jolasid Dam (เขื่อนป่าสักชลสิทธิ์) It is the longest clay-core dam in Thailand.
The Pa Sak River Basin Museum presents information about nature and culture.
Ban Pong Manao Site Museum (พิพิธภัณฑ์เปิดบ้านโป่งมะนาว) A pre-historic archaeological site dating from around 2,500–3,000 years ago or the late-Ban Chiang Period.
Thirteen ancient human skeletons were found here.
Khao Somphot Non-hunting Area (เขตห้ามล่าสัตว์ป่าเขาสมโภชน์) A high and steep limestone mountain range stretching along the southwestern direction, full of caves and cliffs.
There are two plains in the valley and a plateau, with many spots of water seepage around the area, making it a significant watershed.
Sap Langka Wildlife Sanctuary (เขตรักษาพันธุ์สัตว์ป่าซับลังกา) The significance of the area is that it is the source of the Lam Sonthi River, as well as, a source of food for wildlife.
At present, there are still goat antelopes which are protected animals living in the sanctuary.