the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
Helsingborg Municipality () is a municipality in Skåne County in southern Sweden.
The seat is in Helsingborg.
Landskrona Municipality () is a municipality in Skåne County in southern Sweden.
The seat is in Landskrona.
Åre Municipality () is a municipality in Jämtland County in northern Sweden.
The seat is in Järpen.
Åre is a locality in Åre Municipality in the county of Jämtland in northern Sweden.
It is a famous ski resort, and hosted the Alpine Skiing World Championships in the years of 1954 and 2007.
Alpine skiing world cup competitions are often held here.
Ski areas and resorts in Sweden
National Democratic Party of Germany (Nationaldemokratische Partei Deutchlands)
The Church of Sweden Abroad () serves under the Diocese of Visby within the Church of Sweden, and consists of congregations within the church, located outside Sweden.
The Swedish Evangelical Mission (SEM) () ("EFS") is an independent organization within the Church of Sweden.
It was established on 7 May 1856.
The Evangelical Free Church in Sweden (), "EFK", is a Christian Protestant denomination in Sweden.
It was established in 1997 as a merger out of Örebro Mission (Örebromissionen, founded in 1892 as Örebro Missionary Society), the Free Baptist Union (Fribaptistsamfundet, founded in 1872) and the Sanctification Union (Helgelseförbundet, founded in 1887).
Dansbandskampen was a Swedish television show.
It was created by Peter Settman and his production company Baluba.
Peter Settman was also the show host.
It was broadcast over Sveriges Television, with season one airing October–December 2008.
Svensktoppen is a Swedish music chart on the radio.
The chart has traditionally been dominated by dansband and schlager music, and lighter pop and rock music.
In 2003, it allowed songs performed in English to be included.
Since then, the chart became more oriented to modern pop and rock music.
Vuorenkylä is a village in Hartola, Finland.
It is in the northeast of Päijänne Tavastia.
There is a mountain, Purnuvuori where people ski.
Vuorenkylä webpage
Sveriges Radio is the government-operated radio station in Sweden.
Regular broadcast began on 1 January 1925.
Main channels
Sveriges Radio P1
Sveriges Radio P2
Sveriges Radio P3
Sveriges Radio P4
Entertainment in Sweden
Sveriges Television is the government-operated television station in Sweden.
Regular broadcast began on 4 September 1956.
SVT 1
SVT 2
Kunskapskanalen
Barnkanalen
1956 establishments in Sweden
Swedish television
Aftonbladet is a newspaper in Sweden.
It was started on 6 December 1830 by Lars Johan Hiertha.
It was originally liberal, before being bought by the Swedish Social Democratic Party/trade union movement in early October 1956.
A Swedish American () is an American person of Swedish descent.
They usually come from the great migration from Sweden to the United States in the 19th century.
Many of them settled down in Minnesota.
Famous Swedish-Americans
John Ericsson, engineer
Greta Garbo, movie actress
Charles Lindbergh, aviator
Claes Oldenburg, artist
Expressen is a newspaper in Sweden.
It was started on 16 November 1944.
It is well known for its wasp symbol.
1944 establishments in Sweden
Allsång på Skansen is a sing-along event at Skansen in the town of Stockholm in Sweden, which first started on 26 May 1935.
Originally broadcast over Sveriges Radio, broadcasts on Sveriges Television began on 3 August 1979.
Skansen is an open air museum and zoo on the island Djurgården in the town of Stockholm in Sweden.
It was opened in 1891, on the initiative of Artur Hazelius (1833–1901).
Buildings and structures in Stockholm
Djurgården () is an island in the town of Stockholm in Sweden.
Attractions here are the amusement park Gröna Lund and the open air museum, Skansen.
Gröna Lund is an amusement park on the island of Djurgården in the town of Stockholm in Sweden.
It was opened in 1883.
Essingeleden is a motorway in central Sweden.
It runs from Solna to Stockholm.
It crosses the islands of Kungsholmen, Lilla Essingen and Stora Essingen.
It was opened on 21 August 1966.
1966 establishments in Sweden
Bollebygd Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden.
The seat is in Bollebygd.
It was broken out of Borås Municipality in 1995.
Borås Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden.
The seat is in Borås.
The Atlantic Division is group in the Eastern Conference of the National Basketball Association, along with the Southeast Division and the Central Division.
This division members are the Boston Celtics, Brooklyn Nets, New York Knicks, Philadelphia 76ers, and the Toronto Raptors.
National Basketball Association divisions
Nykvarn Municipality () is a municipality in Stockholm County in central Sweden.
The seat is in Nykvarn.
The municipality was established on 1 January 1999.
It was broken out of Södertälje Municipality.
Uppvidinge Municipality () is a municipality in Kronoberg County in southern Sweden.
The seat is in Åseda.
Ystad Municipality () is a municipality in Scania County in southern Sweden.
The seat is in Ystad.
The Central Division is one of three divisions in the Eastern Conference of the National Basketball Association, along with the Southeast Division and the Atlantic Division.
The division consists of the Chicago Bulls, Cleveland Cavaliers, Detroit Pistons, Indiana Pacers, and the Milwaukee Bucks.
Sandviken Municipality () is a municipality in Gävleborg County in northern Sweden.
The seat is in Sandviken.
Ystad is a town in the county of Scania in southern Sweden.
It is the seat of Ystad Municipality.
Ljungarum Church () is a church in the town of Jönköping in Sweden.
It belongs to Jönköping Christina-Ljungarum Parish of the Church of Sweden.
The building dates back to the 13th century.
Buildings and structures in Jönköping
Sofia Church () is a church in the town of Jönköping in Sweden.
It belongs to Sofia-Järstorp Parish of the Church of Sweden.
It was opened on 8 April 1888.
That day was the Octave of Easter.
The Christina Church () is a church in eastern parts of the town of Jönköping in Sweden.
It belongs to Jönköping Christina-Ljungarum Parish of the Church of Sweden and was opened on 20 April 1673.
Friends Arena is a sports stadium in Solna in Sweden.
It was opened in 2012, and mainly hosts soccer games.
Stadiums in Sweden
Football stadiums in Sweden
Stockholm Olympic Stadium () is a sports stadium in Stockholm, Sweden.
It was opened in 1912, in time for the 1912 Summer Olympics.
Scandinavium is an indoor sports stadium in the town of Gothenburg in Sweden.
It was opened in on 18 May 1971.
The stadium mainly hosts Frölunda HC ice hockey home games.
Stockholm Globe Arena () is an indoor sports stadium in Stockholm, Sweden.
It was opened on 19 February 1989.
It mainly hosts ice hockey games.
Råsunda Stadium () was a soccer stadium in Solna in Sweden.
It was opened in April 1937, and closed down in November 2012.
Its demolition began in January 2013.
1930s establishments in Sweden
Söderstadion was a soccer and bandy stadium in Stockholm, Sweden.
It was opened in 1966.
It closed in June 2013, being prepared for demolition.
Bandy in Sweden
Johanneshovs isstadion is an indoor ice hockey stadium in the town of Stockholm in Sweden.
It was opened on 4 November 1955.
Shiloh is a children's book written by Phyllis Reynolds Naylor in 1991.
It won the 1992 Newbery Medal.
It is about a dog that is given abuse and a boy named Marty P. that tries to save him.
he took the dog on day he raised the dog Finley until one night when a German Shepard from the bakers almost kills the dog.
Marty kept it a secret that he had the dog.
His dad knew the dog owner (Judd) and they took the dog to the doctor's office.
The whole family raised it for a week.
Judd wanted the dog soon.
Marty saw Judd shooting a doe out of season.
He tried to blackmail him, but they worked out a bargain that Marty would work for him for 20 hours.
Then Marty and the family got the dog and everything went back to normal.
Hugh was the son of King Robert I of France and Béatrice of Vermandois.
She was the daughter of Herbert I, Count of Vermandois.
Hugh was born in 895 in Paris, France.
His eldest son was Hugh Capet who became King of France in 987.
Hugh was a member of the family known as the Robertians.
Duke of France
In 922 the barons of western Francia revolted against the Carolingian king Charles the Simple.
In his place they elected Robert I, Hugh's father, as King of Western Francia.
Robert I died in battle at Soissons in 923.
When Hugh refused the crown it went to his brother-in-law, Rudolph of France.
Charles the simple asked his cousin Herbert II, Count of Vermandois for help in getting back his crown.
But instead of helping the king he put him in prison.
Herbert then used the threat of releasing his prisoner to get what he wanted.
But Charles died in 929.
From then on Hugh the great, acting for King Rudolph, had to struggle with Herbert II.
Finally Rudolph and Herbert II came to an agreement in 935.
At the death of King Rudolph in 936, Hugh possessed nearly all of the region between the Loire and the Seine.
This was the same territory as Neustria with the exceptions of Anjou and of Normandy.
Hugh was one of those who brought Louis IV (d'Outremer) from the Kingdom of England in 936.
In 937 Hugh married Hedwige of Saxony, a daughter of Henry I the Fowler of Germany and Matilda of Ringelheim.
Very soon however Hugh was quarrelling with King Louis.
In 939 king Louis attacked Hugh the Great and William I, Duke of Normandy.
But soon after they made a truce which lasted until June.
That same year Hugh, along with Herbert II of Vermandois, Arnulf I, Count of Flanders and Duke William Longsword paid homage to the Emperor Otto the Great.
They supported him in his struggle against Louis.
When Louis fell into the hands of the Normans in 945, he was handed over to Hugh in exchange for their young duke Richard.
Hugh released Louis IV in 946 but made him surrender the fortress of Laon.
In 948 at a church council at Ingelheim the bishops excommunicated Hugh even though he was not there.
Hugh's response was to attack Soissons and Reims.
Hugh finally changed his mind and made peace with Louis IV, and the church.
When Louis IV died Hugh was one of the first to recognize Lothair as his successor.
For helping to have him crowned the new king gave Hugh Burgundy and Aquitaine.
In the same year Giselbert, Duke of Burgundy acknowledged Hugh as his overlord and gave his daughter in marriage to Hugh's son Otto-Henry.
On 16 June 956 Hugh the Great died in Dourdan.
In 922 Hugh married Judith, the daughter of Roger, Count of Maine and Rothilde.
She died childless in 925.
Hugh's second wife was Eadhild, daughter of Edward the Elder, king of the Anglo-Saxons.
They married in 926 and she died in 938, childless.
Hugh's third wife was Hedwig of Saxony, daughter of Henry the Fowler and Matilda of Ringelheim.
She and Hugh had:
Beatrice, married Frederick I, Duke of Upper Lorraine.
Hugh Capet.
Emma.(-aft.
968).
Otto, Duke of Burgundy, a minor in 956.
Odo-Henry I, Duke of Burgundy (d. 1002).
The mini-DIN connectors are a type of electrical connector.
They are similar to the older and larger DIN connector.
A reed switch is an electrical switch that changes its position via magnetism.
It is turned on by bringing a magnet near to the switch.
Once the magnet is pulled away from the switch, the reed switch will go back to its original position.
If the magnet is an electromagnet, it is a reed relay.
The reed switch was invented at Bell Telephone Laboratories in 1936 by W. B. Ellwood.
Mando Diao is a rock band from the town of Borlänge in Sweden.
The band was started in 1999.
2002: Bring 'Em In
2004: Hurricane Bar
2006: Ode to Ochrasy
2007: Never Seen the Light of Day
2009: Give Me Fire!
2012: Infruset
2013: Infruset Guld
Borlänge Municipality () is a municipality in Dalarna County in central Sweden.
The seat is in Borlänge.
Borlange Municipality
Doomwyte is a fantasy book written by Brian Jacques in 2008.
It is the 20th book in the Redwall series.
A young mouse named Bisky who lives at Redwall Abbey figures out riddles with his friends to find four beautiful jewels that had been hidden in Redwall a long time ago.
But at the same time an evil raven is trying to find the gems too, because they had belonged to his kingdom a long time ago.
Richard II († 1026), called the Good (French: Le Bon), was the Duke of Normandy from 996 to 1026.
He was the first to assume the title of duke and built up his court to resemble that of a king.
He commissioned Dudo of Saint-Quentin to write a detailed history of the Norman Dukes showing their nobility and Christian patronage.
Richard II was the oldest son of Richard I the Fearless and Gunnora.
He succeeded his father as Duke of Normandy in 996.
During his minority, which was the first five years of his reign, his regent was his uncle Count Ralph of Ivrea.
Ralph put down a peasant revolt at the start of Richard's reign.
Richard was very religious like his overlord king Robert II of France.
Richard used his army to support the king against the duchy of Burgundy.
He formed a marriage alliance with Brittany by marrying his sister Hawise of Normandy to Geoffrey I, Duke of Brittany.
It became a double alliance when he married Geoffrey's sister, Judith of Brittany.
Vikings and England
In the 980s the Vikings had been raiding England again.
They would then cross the English Channel to Normandy to sell their plunder.
Norman and Viking relations were good.
Richard's father had hired Viking mercenaries in the 960s.
He also allowed them safe haven in Normandy.
This caused problems in England and with the Pope in Rome.
In 990 representatives of the Pope negotiated a treaty between England and Normandy.
Richard I agreed not to aid enemies of England (including Vikings).
From 997 to 1000 a great Viking army attacked Wessex a number of times.
In 1000 they came to Normandy and were allowed to land by Richard II.
This broke the treaty between his father and the English king.
In 1000-1001 the English attacked Normandy on the Cotentin Peninsula.
The raid was led by king Ethelred the Unready of England.
Ethelred had given orders that Richard be captured, shackled and brought to England.
But the English were not prepared for the rapid response of the Norman cavalry and were quickly defeated.
Richard wanted to make peace with the English king.
He gave his sister Emma of Normandy in marriage to King Ethelred.
Ethelred gave Emma the city of Exeter as a dowry.
This turned out to be an important marriage as it later gave Richard's grandson, William the Conqueror, a claim to the throne of England.
In 1013 when Sweyn Forkbeard invaded England, Emma with her two sons Edward and Alfred fled to Normandy.
After losing his throne King Ethelred followed shortly.
Soon after the death of Ethelred, Cnut, King of England forced Emma to marry him.
Duke Richard was forced to recognize the new regime as his sister was again Queen.
Norman prestige
Richard II commissioned Dudo of Saint-Quentin, his clerk and priest, to write about his ancestors.
He was to tell the story of the Norman dukes in a way that showed their Christian morals.
He wanted them shown to be good and upright leaders who built Normandy despite the bad behavior of their Frankish neighbors.
It has been called by some historians a work of propaganda.
While it contains a number of stories and legends, nowhere did Dudo claim the stories to be facts.
When he wrote his work on the Customs and Deeds of the First Dukes of the Normans, Dudo seems to have met his goal "to tell in the noblest style the story of a noble destiny."
In 1025 and 1026 Richard confirmed gifts of his ancestor Rollo to Saint-Ouen at Rouen.
He gave many other gifts to Monasteries.
Their names show the areas over which Richard had ducal control: Caen, the Éverecin, the Cotentin, the Pays de Caux and Rouen.
Richard III Succeeded his father as duke.
Alice of Normandy, married Renaud I, Count of Burgundy.
Robert (c. 1005/7), duke of Normandy after his brother.
William, a monk at Fécamp.
Eleanor, married to Baldwin IV, Count of Flanders
Matilda, a nun at Fecamp, d. 1033
Secondly he married Poppa of Envermeu.
They had the following children:
Mauger, Archbishop of Rouen
William of Talou, count of Arques
Papia, wife of the Gulbert, Advocate of Saint Valery-en-Caux
1026 deaths
The Sable Quean is a children's fantasy novel.
It was written by Brian Jacques in 2010, and it's the twenty-first book in the Redwall series.
The evil Vilaya, who's a sable (that's a kind of animal) queen, wants to take over Redwall Abbey.
To do this, she kidnaps children from the Abbey and the area around it, so that if the woodlanders want their kids back, they'll have to give her their abbey.
Luckily, several good guys come to the rescue.
But will the good guys and the good Redwallers be able to win against the Sable Quean?
Saint Joachim was the father of the Virgin Mary and the grandfather of Jesus.
Joachim means "Yahweh prepares".
According to tradition, Joachim wanted to pray in the temple but was turned away because of his childlessness.
He went to a mountaintop to pray to God.
An angel appeared to him and his wife, Anna.
The angel told Joachim that the Lord heard their prayers and that Anna was with child.
This is a ranked list by area for Spain's autonomous communities, as well as for the autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla.
autonomous communities
The Golden Gate (, ; Arabic: ) is one of the gates of the Old City of Jerusalem.
It is in the western side of the walls and the main gate that was connected the Temple Mount to outside the old city.
According to the Jewish tradition, the Messiah will come through this gate to the Temple.
In the 16th century, the gate was blocked by the Ottoman Sultan and a Muslim cemetery was created to insure that Messiah will never come through this gate.
According to the Christian tradition, Jesus came into this gate to Jerusalem.
The Hebrew name for the gate translates to the "Gate of Mercy".
In ancient times the gate was known as the "Beautiful Gate".
Golden Gate at the Temple Mount website
Luhanka () is a municipality in Central Finland, Finland.
About 765 people lived there in February 2014.
The municipalities located next to Luhanka are Hartola, Joutsa, Jyväskylä, Jämsä, Kuhmoinen and Sysmä.
Originally Luhanka was part of Sysmä.
Later it was made into its own municipality in 1864.
Luhanka is a popular place for summer cottages.
Famouse people
Composer Toni Edelmann lives in Luhanka.
Writer Kreetta Onkeli spent her childhood at Luhanka.
Laukaa () is a municipality in Finland.
About 18,573 people live there.
Nearby municipalities include Hankasalmi, Jyväskylä, Konnevesi, Toivakka, Uurainen and Äänekoski.
Maria Andersson (born 4 December 1981, Umeå, Sweden) – Lead vocals, guitar
Jennie Asplund (born 24 November 1979, Robertsfors, Sweden) – Backing vocals, guitar
Johanna Asplund (born 21 September 1981, Umeå, Sweden) – Backing vocals, bass
Josephine Forsman (born 20 May 1981, Umeå, Sweden) – Drums
C'mon Let's Pretend – 1999 (#15)
Jennie Bomb – 2001 Continental Europe / 2002 UK/USA (#2)
Kiss & Tell – 2004 (#4)
What If Leaving Is a Loving Thing - 2007 (#5)
Sparks - 2009 (#2)
Sahara Hotnights - 2011
EP records
Suits Anyone Fine – 1997
Uurainen is a municipality in central Finland.
In 2013, about 3,554 people lived there.
Nearby municipalities include Jyväskylä, Laukaa, Multia, Petäjävesi, Saarijärvi and Äänekoski.
The Melody Club is a pop band from the town of Växjö in Sweden.
The band was started in 2000, and participated at Melodifestivalen in 2011 with the song "The Hunter".
Takida is a rock band from Ånge in Sweden.
The band was established in the year of 1999.
...Make You Breathe (2006)
Bury the Lies (2007)
The Darker Instinct (2009)
The Burning Heart (2011)
A Lesson Learned - The Best Of (2013)
Nastola is a former municipality in Päijänne Tavastia, Finland.
It was merged with the city of Lahti on 1 January 2016.
In 2013, about 15,107 people lived there.
Nearby municipalities include Asikkala, Heinola, Hollola, Iitti, Lahti and Orimattila.
Orimattila is a town in Päijänne Tavastia, Finland.
As of 2010, about 16,350 people lived there.
Nearby municipalities include Hollola, Iitti, Kärkölä, Lahti, Lapinjärvi, Myrskylä, Mäntsälä, Nastola and Pukkila.
Hollola is a municipality in Päijänne Tavastia, Finland.
About 22,092 people lived there in 2013.
Nearby municipalities include Asikkala, Hämeenkoski, Kärkölä, Lahti, Nastola and Orimattila.
On 1 January 2016, Hämeenkoski is a part of Hollola.
Kärkölä is a municipality in Päijänne Tavastia, Finland.
In 2013, about 4,776 people lived there.
Nearby municipalities include Hausjärvi, Hollola, Hämeenkoski, Hämeenlinna, Mäntsälä and Orimattila.
Hämeenlinna is a town in Finland.
As of January 2014, about 67,750 people lived there.
Nearby municipalities include Akaa, Asikkala, Hattula, Hausjärvi, Hämeenkoski, Janakkala, Kärkölä, Loppi, Padasjoki, Pälkäne, Tammela, Urjala and Valkeakoski.
Padasjoki is a municipality in Päijänne Tavastia, Finland.
About 3,319 people lived there as of 31 May 2013.
Nearby municipalities include Asikkala, Hämeenlinna, Kangasala, Kuhmoinen, Pälkäne and Sysmä.
People lived in the area of Padasjoki during the Stone Age.
There is hill fort around the town.
Kuhmoinen is a municipality in Central Finland.
Almost 2,400 people lived there as of January 2014.
Nearby municipalities include Jämsä, Kangasala, Luhanka, Orivesi, Padasjoki and Sysmä.
Pori is a city in Finland.
The city had a population of 83,364 as of 31 August 2012.
It covers  without sea-areas.
Särkänniemi is a theme park in Tampere, Finland.
It opened in 1969.
Matti Ensio Nykänen (17 July 1963 in Jyväskylä – 4 February 2019 in Lappeenranta) was a Finnish ski jumper and singer.
He won five Olympic medals (four gold), nine World Championships medals (five gold) and 22 Finnish Championships medals (13 gold).
He won three gold medals at the 1988 Winter Olympics, which made him one of the two most successful athletes at those games.
Yllätysten yö (1992)
Samurai (1993)
Ehkä otin, ehkä en (2006)
Elämä on laiffii (2002)
Tää on mun elämää (2004)
Mäkikotka ja häkkilintu (2005)
Voitosta voittoon (2007)
Anna mulle sexii (2008)
Lennä Nykäsen Matti (2008)
Pomminvarma rakkaus (2009)
Jälleen joulu on (2009)
Tuusula mielessäin (With Teflon Brothers) 2013
Jokainen tsäänssi on mahdollisuus (2013)
Suomi (Yksi Totuus feat.
Matti Nykänen) (2018)
Leipää ja vettä (2019)
Matti Nykänen  at the International Ski Federation.
Heinola is a town in Finland.
About 19,997 people lived there as of 31 May 2013.
Nearby municipalities include Asikkala, Hartola, Iitti, Kouvola, Mäntyharju, Nastola, Pertunmaa and Sysmä.
The newspaper Itä-Häme is published in Heinola and neighbouring towns.
Olavi Lanu (10 July 1925 – 11 May 2015) is a Finnish sculptor and professor.
One of Lanu's sculptures is in Lanu-puisto, Lahti, Finland.
His most famous sculptures are quite big.
The surfaces of his sculptures imitate nature.
Iso kivi
Kaari
Kaksi kiveä
Keko
Kiertynyt puu
Läpi harmaan kiven
Lehmus
Rankakasa
Olavi Lanu  in Lahti library's pages
The Well-Tempered Clavier (also known as WTC, BWV 846–893) is the title of two collections of musical works for solo keyboard instruments by the Baroque composer Johann Sebastian Bach.
The first collection was written in 1722 and the second was written in 1742, but they were not published until 1801, fifty years after Bach died.
Although the music was written for the harpsichord, which was popular at the time, today it is usually played and heard on a piano.
Both collections have 24 short preludes and 24 fugues to go along with it.
All of them contrast with each other: some of them are easy to learn, while others are hard to follow (because there are many different melodies going on at the same time, which is called counterpoint).
What is special about them is that each prelude and fugue is written in a different major or minor key.
They appear in the book so that they go up by semitones.
That is, the first prelude and fugue is in C major, the second is in C minor, the third in C-sharp major (or D-flat major), the fourth in C-sharp minor, and so on, until the last two preludes and fugues are in B major and B minor, in that order.
Other composers would later write music that is also in all 24 major and minor keys.
The best known of these are the Preludes by Frédéric Chopin, but this would also later be done by Charles-Valentin Alkan, Sergei Rachmaninoff, and Dmitri Shostakovich, to name a few.
Some of the music that appears in The Well-Tempered Clavier has become famous.
For example, the French Romantic composer Charles Gounod wrote a setting of Ave Maria that is based on the melody of the first Prelude in C Major in the WTC.
Well-Tempered Clavier preludes and fugues , fugues  on piano, organ, and harpsichord (Flash interactive)
A pottiputki is a planting tool for putting plants to ground It makes planting faster.
The worker strikes the tool into the ground, and then stamps on the mechanism and the pottiputki makes a hole in the ground.
A plant is then dropped in the tube of the tool, and falls into the hole.
This is a ranked list by population, as for 1 January 2012, for Spain's autonomous communities, as well as for the autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla.
Pentti Vuorio, editor-in-chief of Etelä-Suomen Sanomat, a Finnish newspaper, from 1986–1995
Pentti Vuorio, Finnish artist
A Separatist is a follower of a concept called Separatism.
The Pilgrims who left England on the Mayflower and founded Plymouth Colony used the term Separatists to refer to themselves.
People who want the Separation of church and state are sometimes called Separatists
Imperiet was a rock band from Stockholm in Sweden.
It was active from 1983 to 1988.
1984 -  (Mini-LP)
1985 -  (Live album)
1988 -  (Live album/compilation)
1990 -  (Compilation)
1995 - Greatest Hits (Compilation)
2002 -  (Compilation)
2009 -  (Compilation)
1981 - "" (as Rymdimperiet)
1982 - "" (as Rymdimperiet)
1983 - "" (as Rymdimperiet)
1983 - ""
1984 - ""
1985 - ""
1986 - ""
1987 - ""
1988 - "Be the President"
1988 - ""
1988 disestablishments in Europe
BWO was a synthpop group from Sweden.
It was established in 2003, and broke up in 2010.
Up to 2009, the group was known under the full name Bodies Without Organs.
2005 Prototype
2006 Halcyon Days
2006 Halcyon Nights - The Remixes (Dec '06)
2007 Fabricator
2008 Pandemonium (Greatest Hits)
2009 Big Science
21st-century disestablishments in Sweden
Stiftelsen is a rock band from Sweden.
The band was established in the year of 2010, and broke through in 2012 with the song "Mitt hjärta slår".
Robert Pettersson (vocals) - lead singer of Takida
Micke Eriksson (guitar) - formerly member of Swedish band Willy & The Hitchhikers
Arne Johansson (bass) - also from Willy & The Hitchhikers
Martin Källström (drums) - formerly from Swedish metal band Corroded
Ljungaverk (2012)
2010 establishments in Sweden
Soviet submarine S-363 (unofficial Swedish name: U137) was a Soviet submarine that ran aground outside the town of Karlskrona in Sweden on 27 October 1981.
On 5 November the same year, it was led out of Swedish territorial waters.
Story of the incident with photos
1981 in Europe
1980s in Sweden
Folkhemmet (literally, People's Home) is a political term in Swedish.
It was first used by Rudolf Kjellén in the early 20th century.
It was adopted by the Swedish Social Democratic Party in the 1920s.
On 18 January 1928, Swedish social democrat Per Albin Hansson delivered a speech including the word.
His meaning referred to equality and cooperation.
The speech made the term popular.
Magnus Uggla recorded the album Välkommen till folkhemmet in 1983.
Politics of Sweden
The Bell 214 is an American helicopter.
It is a more powerful variant of the Bell 205.
It was developed for both civilian and military use.
Bell 214ST is a bigger variant.
Iran was the main military operator of the Bell 214.
The Lockheed MC-130 is a US military cargo aircraft.
It is a very specialized variant of the famous C-130 Hercules, used exclusively by U.S. special forces.
It can fly on low altitude.
MC-130 are only used by US Air Force.
The MC-130J, which became operational in 2011, is the new-production variant that is replacing the other special operations MC-130s.
As of May 2016, the Air Force has taken delivery of 33 of the planned 37 -J models.
The Catalina affair () was a military confrontation and diplomatic crisis in June 1952 between the USSR and Sweden.
It was during the Cold War.
Soviet fighter aeroplanes shot down two Swedish Air Force aeroplanes over the Baltic Sea.
Both aircrafts were found in 2003.
The Redwall Cookbook is a cookbook written by Brian Jacques with recipes for food from the Redwall book series, from Deeper'n'Ever Pie and Summer Strawberry Fizz, to Abbot's Special Abbey Trifle and Shrimp'n'Hotroot Soup.
Spring Recipes
Hare's Pawspring Vegetable Soup
Crispy Cheese'n'Onion Hogbake
Vegetable Casserole à La Foremole
Gourmet Garrison Grilled Leeks
Stuffed Springtide Mushrooms
Abbot's Special Abbey Trifle
Spiced Gatehouse Tea Bread
Honeybaked Apples
Hot Mint Tea
Summer Recipes
Hotroot Sunsalad
Brockhall Badger Carrot Cakes
Great Hall Gooseberry Fool
Cheerful Churchmouse Cherry Crisp
Rosey's Jolly Raspberry Jelly Rock Cakes
Afternoon Tea Scones with Strawberry Jam and Cream
Squirrelmum's Blackberry and Apple Cake
Guosim Shrew Shortbread
Summer Strawberry Fizz
Summer Salad
Autumn Recipes
Mole's Favourite Deeper'n'Ever Turnip'n'Tater'n'Beetroot Pie
Bellringer's Reward (Roast Roots and Baked Spuds)
October Ale
Autumn Oat Favourites
Hare's Haversack Crumble
Harvestberry Sunset Pudd
Loamhedge Legacy Nutbread
Dibbun's Delight
Golden Hill Pears
Winter Recipes
Shrimp'n'Hotroot Soup
Veggible Molebake
Savoury Squirrel Bakes
Outside'n'Inside Cobbler Riddle
Rubbadeedubb Pudding
Stones Inna Swamp
Nunnymolers
Applesnow
Mossflower Mulled Cider
"Massa's in de Cold Ground" is a minstrel song by Stephen Foster.
It was one of only four songs Foster published in 1852.
It sold hundreds of copies.
Foster received only a 2 cent royalty on each copy sold, but the song earned him US$900 within five years of its publication.
The song is written in D major to 4/4 time.
An initial phrase is repeated five times, beginning every line except one.
The phrase ends with a octave leap upwards in the melody. "
Massa" is a slow, sad song in dialect written for the minstrel stage.
The song tells of slaves weeping at the grave of their deceased European-American master.
After the American Civil War, another 'Cold' was entered in the title, the title then becoming, "Massa's in de Cold, Cold Ground".
When the novel Uncle Tom's Cabin was first performed as a dramatic adaptation in November 1852 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (Foster's home town), "Massa's in de Cold Ground" and two other Forster melodies were inserted into the production.
Emerson, Ken.
Doo-dah!
Stephen Foster and the rise of American popular culture.
Stephen Foster Song Book [Música Impresa]: original sheet music of 40 songs.
The Music of Stephen Collins Foster
Compositions by Stephen Foster
Järvenpää is a town in southern Finland.
On 31 May 2013, about 39,734 people lived there.
http://pxweb2.stat.fi/Dialog/varval.asp?ma=060_vaerak_tau_107&ti=V%E4est%F6+kielen+mukaan+sek%E4+ulkomaan+kansalaisten+m%E4%E4r%E4+ja+maa%2Dpinta%2Dala+alueittain+1980+%2D+2012&path=../Database/StatFin/vrm/vaerak/&lang=3&multilang=fi
Järvenpää pages
Kokkola (, previously Gamlakarleby) is a town in Central Ostrobothnia, Finland.
As of January 2014, over 47,000 people lived there.
It covers an area of , not including the sea area.
Nearby municipalities are Halsua, Kalajoki, Kannus, Kaustinen, Kruunupyy, Lestijärvi, Luoto and Toholampi.
Kokkola was established in 1620.
The people speak two languages: Finnish and Swedish.
Municipalities of Central Ostrobothnia
Kouvola is a town in Kymenlaakso, Finland.
As of 31 May 2013, there were 87,254 people living there.
Its current form was established in 2009.
Six other municipalities: (Kouvola, Kuusankoski, Elimäki, Anjalankoski, Valkeala and Jaala) closed and joined to form Kouvola.
Ahvionkoski, rapid
Arboretum Mustila
Kouvolan pienoisrautatiemuseo, miniature railwaymuseum
Repovesi national park
Hamina () is a town in Kymenlaakso, Finland.
As of 31 May 2013, 21,252 people lived there.
Nearby municipalities are Kotka, Kouvola, Luumäki, Miehikkälä and Virolahti.
Writer Laila Hietamies wrote a book about Hamina.
The town plan of Hamina differs from what is usual in Finland.
It is rare in other countries too.
Another town with a similar plan is Palmanova, in Italy.
Hamina was established 1653.
In writing, it was mentioned as a trading centre in the 1300s.
During his time in the WWF, Michinoku became the first ever WWF Light Heavyweight Champion when he defeated Brian Christopher at D-Generation X: In Your House.
AJPW World Junior Heavyweight Championship (one time)
El Dorado Wrestling
UWA World Trios Championship (one time) (with Francis Togo and Antonio Honda)
FMW Independent World Junior Heavyweight Championship (two times)
Independent Wrestling World
IWW Junior Heavyweight Championship (one time)
Kaientai Dojo
FMW/WEW Hardcore Tag Team Championship (one time) (with TOMO Michinoku)
Independent World Junior Heavyweight Championship (one time, current)
Strongest-K Championship (two times)
Strongest-K Tag Team Championship (three times) (with Handsome Joe (two) and Kengo Mashimo (one))
UWA/UWF Intercontinental Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Ryota Chikuzen)
UWA World Middleweight Championship (one time, current)
Strongest-K Tournament (2007)
Tohoku Junior Heavyweight Championship (one time)
IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Dick Togo)
He was ranked #191 of the 500 best singles wrestlers by PWI during the "PWI Years" in 2003.
Best Technical Wrestler (2005)
World Entertainment Wrestling
WEW Six Man Tag Team titles (one time) (with Gosaku Goshogawara and Tetsuhiro Kuroda)
Taka Michinoku on New Japan Pro Wrestling
Repovesi National Park is national park near Kouvola and Mäntyharju in Finland.
It was established in January 2003.
There are many paths for visitors.
Ympäristö.fi website
National parks in Finland
Shaheed-e-Mohabbat Boota Singh () is a Punjabi feature movie from 1999.
It was directed by Manoj Punj.
It is also spelled Shaheed-e-Mohabbat for short.
The movie is based on the real-life love story of Boota Singh and Zainab.
It is set in the Punjab region during the time of the partition of India.
The movie stars Gurdas Maan as Boota Singh and Divya Dutta as Zainab.
Arun Bakshi, Gurkirtan and B. N. Sharma played the supporting roles.
The movie was an international success.
It was shown at many national and international movie festivals, including the 1999 Vancouver International Film Festival, International Film Festival of India and many more.
The movie won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Punjabi at the 46th National Film Awards.
This movie was produced by Manjeet Maan.
It is the first movie by Maan's home production company, Sai Productions.
Boota Singh (Gurmukhi: ਬੂਟਾ ਸਿੰਘ; Shahmukhi: بوٹا سنگھ), sometimes spelled as Buta Singh, was a Sikh soldier in the British Army.
He served in Burma during World War II, under the command of Lord Mountbatten.
He is very well known in India and Pakistan.
He is famous for his tragic love story with Zainab, a Muslim girl who he rescued from the riots during the partition of India in 1947.
Both fell in love and got married.
Later, Zainab was deported (sent back) to Pakistan.
Boota illegally entered Pakistan to find her.
Zainab stayed away from him due to pressure from her family.
Because of this, he killed himself by jumping in front of a moving train near Shahdara railway station in Pakistan.
He did this with his daughter, but she survived.
The love story of Singh's life has been adapted to movies and books, from both India and Pakistan.
A Punjabi movie Shaheed-e-Mohabbat Boota Singh (1999) is entirely based on the story.
Ishrat Rahmani wrote a book, Muhabbat, based on the story.
The story also influenced many other movies including Partition, a Hollywood movie from 2007.
Singh lived in a village of Jalandhar district in British Punjab.
When he returned home from fighting in Burma, his youth was over.
All his friends were married with their own families, but he was still not married.
He found no woman to marry him.
Once a trader offered to sell Singh a bride from Uttar Pradesh or Bihar for rupees 2000/-.
From this day onward, he started saving all his money for the dowry.
In his suicide note, Singh expressed his last wish to be buried as a Muslim in Noorpur village near Barki.
This is where Zainab's parents had resettled after the Partition.
The autopsy of Singh's body was done in a hospital in Lahore.
It was taken to the village on 22 February 1957 for burial.
However, the villagers did not allow him to be buried there.
Instead, Singh was buried at Miani Sahib Graveyard of Lahore.
In 1999, Manoj Punj directed a Punjabi feature movie, Shaheed-e-Mohabbat Boota Singh, entirely based on the life story of Boota Singh.
The music was composed by Amar Haldipur.
It was a success internationally.
It won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Punjabi at the 46th National Film Awards.
It was also shown at many national and international movie festivals, including the 1999 Vancouver International Film Festival and the International Film Festival of India.
Ishrat Rahmani wrote a novel on the love story, titled Muhabbat.
The story also featured in an English book, Freedom at Midnight, by Larry Collins and Dominique Lapierre.
Geometric topology is a discipline of mathematics.
It looks at manifolds and embeddings.
Examples are the Knot theory and Braid groups.
Since 1945, the field of Topology has developed further:
Differential topology
Lake Gałęziste is a lake in Poland.
It is in Wigry National Park.
It is  deep.
The Parliament of Sweden () is the legislative government of Sweden.
The parliament building is on the Stockholm island of Helgeandsholmen.
The parliament has 349 seats since 1976 (350 between 1971 and 1976).
Between 1867 and 1971, the parliament had two chambers, but has been reduced to one.
Elections are held in September every fourth year (third year between 1970-1994).
Parliament of Sweden
The Hawker Hunter is a British military jet aircraft.
It was designed and built as fighter aircraft for the Royal Air Force.
But it was used by many other operators as Fleet Air Arm, or foreign air forces.
Belgium, Iraq, Sweden, and Switzerland are among the operators of this aircraft.
Atul Srivastav, vocals and guitar, born 01 October 1993,
Freddie Hansson, keyboard, born 22 December 1963, died 29 December 2001
Peo Thyrén, bass, born 17 October 1962
Robert Klase, drums, born 10 September 1962
Robert Liman, guitar, born 15 May 1963 (left band in 1979)
Tonårsdrömmar (1979)
Bedårande barn av sin tid (1980)
Det ljuva livet (1981)
Europa (1982)
Vild, vild värld (1995)
2004 (2004)
Live på Ritz (1982)
Officiell Bootleg Live (2005) DVD
Live 1979 + 1995 (2005)
Nätter utan slut (2007) (Live Digital EP)
H.I.T.S. (1989)
Flashback 12 (1995)
Svenska popfavoriter (1998)
Noice Forever (2003)
Samlat oljud (2003)
17 klassiker (2007)
Noice 4for1 (2012)
"Television"/"Du e inte man" (1979)
"En kväll i tunnelbanan"/"I natt e hela stan vår" (1980)
"Du lever bara en gång"/"Amerikanska bilar" (1980)
"Allting okey" (ny version)/"Bedårande barn av sin tid" (1981)
"Everything's Alright"/"One Night in the Subway" (1981; single released in West Germany, Austria and Switzerland)
"Vi rymmer bara du och jag"/"1987" (1981)
"Dolce Vita (Det ljuva livet)"/"Romans för timmen" (1982)
"Rött ljus, rött ljus"/"Ringer dig" (1982)
"Du och jag"/"Noice on 45" (1982)
"Vild, vild värld"/"En kväll i tunnelbanan"/"Vild, vild värld" (aucostic version) (1995)
"Nätter utan slut" Digital Live EP (2007)
Freestyle was a Swedish pop music group.
It was active from 1980 to 1983.
Fantasi (1981) #1
Modiga agenter (1982) #13
10 (1990) #47
Freestyle's bästa (1986)
Guldkorn-Den kompletta samlingen (1998) #2
Golden Hits/2CD (1998)
"Take Me Home" (1980)
"Running Away" (1980)
"Vill ha dej/I Want You" (1980) #1
"Fantasi" (1981) #13
"Rider omkring" (1981)
"Nära dej" (1981)
"Bubblar" (1981)
"Är det värt..." (1981)
"One More Ride/Fantasy" (1981)
"Ögon som glittrar" (1982) #3
"Att leka med känslor" (1982)
"Modiga agenter/Vill du ha en del av min sommar" (1982) #13
"Mission Impossible/Hard To Handle" (1982)
"Fingers in Motion" (1983)
"Musiken gör mig vild/Nattens dockor" (1983)
"Fantasi/10" (1991)
"C&N Medley '98/DJ Promotion" (1998)
"Fantasi '98" (1998) #37
"Ögon som glittrar '98" (1998)
Freestyle discography in Hitparad
1980 establishments in Sweden
Style was a Swedish pop music group.
They were active from 1983 to 1989.
The band was reunited in 1998, 2003, 2009 and 2010.
Love Is Knocking on My Door/Längtar tillbaks till dig (1983)
Telefon (1984)
Du och jag (1985)
Vision av kärlek (1985)
Telephone (1985) US Dance #16
Give Me a Night to Remember/På jakt (efter guld som glimmar) (1986)
Dover-Calais (1986) SWE #1
Följ mig (1986)
Heaven No 7 (1986)
Shine On (1986)
Hand i hand (1987) SWE #20
Run for Your Life (1987) SWE #4
Daylight Robbery (1987)
New World (1987)
Empty Bed (1988) SWE #4
It's a Secret (1988) SWE #3
Question of Time (1988)
Sentimental (1988)
Empty Bed (International release) (1989)
Stay the Night (2003)
När jag ser dig (2008)
Vill ha dej, igen (2009)
So Chic (1983) SWE #32
Visioner (1985)
Heaven No 7 (1986) SWE #3
Daylight Robbery (1987) SWE #7
12 bästa (1987)
Question of Time (1988) SWE #4
Samlade hits (2003) SWE #7
Best of Style - Det ni vill ha (2008)
Vill ha dej igen (2009) #9
Dag Vag is a Swedish pop, reggae, and punk band.
It was formed in 1978.
The lead singer was Per Odeltorp (1948-2012), popularly known as Stig Vig.
1979 - Dag Vag
1979 - Scenbuddism (Live)
1980 - Palsternacka
1982 - 7 lyckliga elefanter
1983 - Almanacka
1989 - Helq
1992 - Halleluja!
2006 - Kackerlacka
2007 - Klassiker
2012 - Nattmacka
1978 - Dimma (under the name Dag Vag & Svagsinta)
1978 - Flyger
1980 - Hellre en raket
1981 - Blöt dröm
1981 - Popitop
1983 - Samma sång
1989 - Du får aldrig nog
1989 - Tiden går
1990 - En gång till!
1991 - Nya skor
1992 - Hämta mej
1992 - Fyrverkeri
2006 - En del av dej
2011 - epette
www.dagvag.se - Official web page
1978 establishments in Sweden
Eldkvarn was a gristmill in central Stockholm in Sweden, that was destroyed by a fire on 31 October 1878.
In its place today is the Stockholm City Hall.
The mill was built in 1805 for Abraham Niclas Edelcrantz with a steam engine built by Samuel Owen.
1878 disestablishments
Eldkvarn is rock band from the town of Norrköping in Sweden.
The band was founded in 1971.
Plura Jonsson - lead vocals, guitar
Carla Jonsson - lead guitar, vocals
Tony Thorén - bass guitar, backing vocals
Werner Modiggård - drums, backing vocals
Claes von Heijne - keyboard
Staffan Odenhall - saxophone (1974)
Curt-Åke Stefan - guitar and keyboard (1974–79)
Wenche Arnesen - vocals (1975–79)
Liten Falkeholm - xylofon, keyboard, vocals (1975–79)
Lage Bergström - drums (1974–78)
Claes Carlsson - saxophone, keyboard (1979–84)
Lennart Helperin - trumpet (1982–84)
Fredric "Fralle" Holmquist - (1984–86)
Peter Smoliansky - drums (1985–92)
Magnus Persson - drums (1993–94)
1976: En lång het weekend
1978: Pantad och såld
1979: Pojkar, pojkar, pojkar
1980: Musik för miljonärer
1981: Genom ljuva livet
1983: Tuff lust
1984: Barbariets eleganter
1984: Ny klubb
1986: Utanför lagen
1987: Himmelska dagar
1988: Kungarna från Broadway
1989: Karusellkvällar
1991: Legender ur den Svarta hatten
1993: Pluralism
1994: Sånger från Nedergården
1997: Lyckliga tider
1999: Limbo
2001: Död stjärna
2002: Brott lönar sig alltid
2005: Atlantis
2007: Svart blogg
2008: Hunger hotell
2011: De berömdas aveny
1988: Vägen från Peking
1991: Den långa färden 71-91
1997: Det gamla landet
2000: Eldkvarns bästa 2000
2004: Diamanter
2008: Klassiker
2011: Stans bästa band: 1971-2011 - De första 40 Åren
2011: Den goda skörden" Eldkvarn 1971 - 2011 - (10 CD Box)
1994: Tempel av alkohol 1989: Cirkus Broadway 2000: Kärlekens törst 2006: Kärlekens låga 2007: Svart gig 2010: Kärlekens väg''
Official Fan Club (first in Internet)
Kikki, Bettan & Lotta was a supertrio from Sweden.
They were active from 2001 to 2004.
It consisted of Kikki Danielsson, Elisabeth Andreassen and Lotta Engberg.
20 år med oss - 2002
Live från Rondo - 2003
Vem é dé du vill ha - 2002
Matz Bladhs is a dansband from the town of Falkenberg in Sweden.
The band was founded in 1968.
Niclas Olén
Hans Schmid (1981–1983)
Göran Lindberg (1983–1991)
Paul Sahlin (1991–2004)
Göran Lindberg (2004–2010)
Conny Nilsson (2010–present) - also guitar
Lars Olof Karlsson (1987–present) - guitar, also backing vocals
Niclas Olén (2000–present) - keyboards
Sören Kenstam (2011–present) - drummer
Håkan Nordling (2011–present) - saxophone, also guitar and flute
(Peak positions in Sverigetopplistan in brackets, wherever applicable)
1972: Bland blommor och blad
1974: På me' tröja och jeans
1977: Det var så länge se'n
1978: Min högsta önskan
1981: Leende dansmusik 81
1982: Leende dansmusik 82
1983: Leende dansmusik 83 (SWE #50)
1984: Leende dansmusik 84 (SWE #37)
1985: Leende dansmusik 85
1986: Leende dansmusik 86
1987: Leende dansmusik 87
1988: Leende dansmusik 88 (SWE #16)
1989: Leende dansmusik 89
1990: Leende dansmusik 90
1991: Leende dansmusik 91
1992: Leende dansmusik 92
1993: Leende dansmusik 93
1994: Leende dansmusik 94
1995: Leende dansmusik 95 (SWE #57)
1997: Leende dansmusik 97 (SWE #55)
1999: Tack för alla åren
2001: Leende dansmusik
2004: 20 gobitar 2005 (SWE #33)
2006: Godbitar 2006 (SWE #30)
2008: Ljus och värme - Matz Bladhs bästa låtar (SWE #60)
2009: Upp till dans
2009: Entré (SWE #44)
2012: Leende dansmusik 2012 (SWE #9)
2013: Leende dansmusik 2013 (SWE #9)
Aj, aj, aj, jag svävar i det blå - 1987
Senorita - 1987
Lite blyg - 1988
Kärleken ska segra - 1992
I en gul luftballong - 1993
Livets stora gåta - 1993-1994
Klockorna ska ringa - 1994
Jag ska älska dig - 1994-1995
En liten röd bukett - 1995
Vid Silverforsens strand - 1996
Den första dagen - 1997
Som en ros i ett regn - 1997
Varje liten stjärna - 1998-1999
Det faller ett regn - 1999
Över Öresund - 2000
Sommar & sol - 2001
Failed to enter chart
Har inte någon sett min brud - 1969
En dag i sänder - 1990 (27 May)
En kärleksaffär - 1991 (14 April)
Jag vet vad kärlek är - 1999 (25 September, new test 2 October)
The Hawker Sea Hawk is a British military jet aircraft.
It was designed and built as a fighter aircraft for the Royal Navy.
It was designed and built for operations from the British aircraft carriers.
Foreign operators were Germany, India, and Netherlands.
Sea Hawk
Family Four was a band from Sweden.
They represented Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest 1971 with "Vita vidder" and at Eurovision Song Contest 1972 with "Härliga sommardag".
1971 (1971)
Family Four's jul (1971)
Picknick (1972)
Family Four på Berns (1973)
Family Four: Guldkorn (2000)
Systems respond differently to inputs of different frequencies.
Some systems may amplify frequencies of certain range and attenuate the other frequencies.
The way that the system output is related to the input for different frequencies is called frequency response.
Frequency response means a graph where can be seen how something changes in different sound frequency.
It is typically used in loudspeakers.
Also audio crossovers way to function can be shown with frequency response.
The frequency response will be represented by two numbers and measured in Hertz (Hz) which is the unit of measurement for one frequency cycle.
The first number represents the lowest bass frequency while the second number indicates the highest high-frequency an audio product can produce.
The Sukhoi Su-25 is an attack aircraft designed and built in the USSR, and after in Russia.
It was used by Soviets militaries during the war in Afghanistan.
Foreign operators are mainly former Warsaw Pact countries and states near the communist regimes.
NATO called it Frogfoot.
First designed by Kenan and Haydn Douglas Griffiths of the soviet Air force research and development.
Then The idea was expanded on by Eryk Deryniowski who then Went to transfer the idea on to Sukhoi.
Audio crossover is an electric circuit that separates low and high audio frequencies in a signal.
It is needed because very small loudspeakers (tweeters) would break if fed by low frequencies.
Likewise, bigger speakers (subwoofers) are not able to play higher frequencies purely.
Audio crossovers are divided to passive or active crossovers.
Typical components used with passive crossovers are capacitors inductors and resistors.
If passive crossover uses resistors to adjust loudness, those generate heat.