the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
The type of therapy used can depend on a variety of factors, including the condition being treated and the severity of the person's symptoms.
Applied behaviour analysis uses operant conditioning to shape and modify problematic behaviours.
Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) relies on behavioural techniques, but adds a cognitive element, focusing on the problematic thoughts behind behaviours.
Dialectical behavioural therapy (DBT) is a form of CBT that utilizes both behavioural and cognitive techniques to help people learn to manage their emotions, cope with distress, and improve interpersonal relationships.
Aversion therapy is often used to treat problems such as substance abuse and alcoholism.
Princess Marie Louise Thérèse of Savoy (Maria Luisa Teresa; 8 September 1749 – 3 September 1792) was born a Princess of Savoy.
She was later married to Louis Alexandre de Bourbon a member of the House of Bourbon.
In France she was known as the "princesse de Lamballe".
She was a close friend of Queen Marie Antoinette.
She, like the queen, was killed in the French Revolution.
There was national hatred of the Italian-born princess who, along with the Duchess of Polignac, were part of the queen's inner circle.
Maria Luisa was born in Turin in 1749.
She was the daughter of a Prince of Carignan at the Palazzo Carignano.
Her father was a distant cousin of King Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia Maria Luisa's mother was a sister of the late Queen Polyxena.
On 31 January 1767, she married by proxy Louis Alexandre, Prince of Lamballe.
He was a grandson of Louis XIV's legitimised son, Louis Alexandre, Count of Toulouse.
Louis was the only surviving son of Louis Jean Marie de Bourbon, Duke of Penthièvre.
She had arranged the marriage.
During plans for her marriage she was known as Mademoiselle de Carignan in France.
In 1768, at the age of nineteen, Marie Louise became a widow.
Her husband died of a venereal disease at the Château de Louveciennes.
He was known to have been fairly promiscuous and had many sexual partners.
His widow inherited her husband's considerable fortune, adding to her wealth.
She kept her title of duchess in her own right.
Her husband was buried at the Chapel of Dreux outside Paris.
After the death of her husband she moved to Paris.
She soon became a lady in waiting to Marie Antoinette, the new Dauphine.
When Marie Antoinette became queen, Marie Louise became head of her royal household.
She became a very close friend of the queen.
During the decline of the monarchy she remained loyal to the queen.
In 1789 the royal family was forced to leave the royal palace at Versailles.
Marie Louise remained with them.
She was in Bath, England but returned to Paris.
When the palace was stormed in 1792, the royal family was arrested.
Marie Louise was separated from the queen and sent to the prison at La Force.
On September 3rd she was brought before a tribunal.
It was demanded she sign an oath of loyalty to the New Republic.
She also had to denounce the queen and the royal family.
Marie Louise refused.
She was taken into the streets and murdered.
Her head was placed on a spike and displayed before the queen in her prison cell.
Her head was buried with her body at the foundling's cemetery.
8 September 1749 - 31 January 1767 Her Highness  Princess Maria Luisa Teresa of Savoy.
31 January 1767 - 6 May 1768 Her Highness  The Princess of Lamballe.
(Son Altesse Madame la princesse de Lamballe)
6 May 1768 - 3 September 1792 Her Highness  The Dowager Princess of Lamballe. (
Son Altesse Madame la princesse de Lamballe douairière.)
She used the name "Maria Luisa' or "Marie Louise" in French.
As a daughter of the Prince of Carignan, she is often incorrectly given the surname of Savoy-Carignan.
That is incorrect as she was born a princess of the Duchy of Savoy and a daughter of a Prince of Carignan.
The title was merely a courtesy title having no legal jurisdiction over Carignan which was known in .
La princesse de Lamballe
Otakar Krámský (1 July 1959 – 25 April 2015) was a Czech hillclimbing racecar driver.
He began his career during the early 1970s.
He won three European Hill Climb Championship.
Jean Nidetch (born Jean Evelyn Slutsky, October 12, 1923 – April 29, 2015) was an American businesswoman.
She was the co-founder of the Weight Watchers organization.
She founded the organization in 1963.
Rodrigo Muxfeldt Gularte (13 July 1972, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil – 29 April 2015, Central Java, Indonesia) was a Brazilian drug-trafficker.
He was executed in Indonesia by firing squad for drug trafficking after being sentenced in 2006.
Jack Ely (September 11, 1943 – April 27, 2015) was an American guitarist and singer.
He was best known for singing the Kingsmen's version of "Louie Louie".
Ely was born in Portland, Oregon.
Ely died at his Oregon farm residence on April 27, 2015 age 71, having long suffered from an unknown illness. "
Because of his religious beliefs, we’re not even sure what it [the illness] was," his son Sean Ely said.
Laverne Clarence "Verne" Gagne (February 26, 1926 – April 27, 2015) was an American professional wrestler, football player, wrestling trainer, and wrestling promoter.
He was the owner and promoter of the Minneapolis, Minnesota-based American Wrestling Association (AWA).
He remained in this position until 1991, when the company folded.
Death of Helmut Gutmann
On January 26, 2009, Gagne got into an altercation with Helmut Gutmann, a 97-year-old resident of the Bloomington, Minnesota facility where they both resided.
According to Gutmann's widow, who was not present during the altercation, Gagne picked Gutmann up and hurled him to the floor, then broke his hip by pulling back on his body.
Gutmann was admitted to the hospital, and died on February 14 from complications of the injury.
Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame Profile of Verne Gagne
WWE Hall of Fame Profile of Verne Gagne
Disease-related deaths in Minnesota
Xu Guangxian (; November 7, 1920 – April 28, 2015), was a Chinese chemist and academician of the Chinese Academy of Science.
He was former president of the Chinese Chemical Society.
He was known as "The Father of Chinese Rare Earths Chemistry".
Chinese chemists
Gene Fullmer (July 21, 1931 – April 27, 2015) was an American middleweight boxer and world champion.
Fullmer began his professional career in 1951 and won his first 29 fights, 19 by knockout.
His manager during many years of his career was his mentor, Marv Jensen, who encouraged many youth in West Jordan, Utah, to enter boxing as amateurs.
Calvin Peete (July 18, 1943 – April 29, 2015) was an American professional golfer.
He was the most successful African-American on the PGA Tour, with 12 wins, before Tiger Woods.
Peete was born in Detroit, Michigan.
Calvin Peete Golf Companies
René Féret (26 May 1945 – 28 April 2015) was a French actor, screenwriter, movie director and producer.
He was known for his movie Solemn Communion.
(January 8, 1947April 28, 2015) was a Japanese rugby player and professional wrestler.
He was better known by his ring name .
Charles Martel (c. 688 – 22 October 741) was a Frankish statesman and military leader who was Duke and Prince of the Franks.
He was also Mayor of the Palace.
Martel was the de facto ruler of Francia from 718 until his death.
Martel was the illegitimate son of the Frankish statesman Pepin of Herstal.
His mother was a noblewoman named Alpaida.
Martel successfully asserted his claims as successor to his father as Mayor of the Palace.
He continued and built on his father's work.
He began the series of military campaigns that re-established Frankish power in Gaul.
In foreign wars, Martel defeated and ruled Bavaria, Alemannia, and Frisia.
He defeated the Saxons, and halted the Islamic advance into Western Europe at the Battle of Tours in 732.
Martel is considered to be the founding figure of the European Middle Ages.
He was skilled as an administrator and warrior.
Martel is often credited with a key role in the development of feudalism and knighthood.
He was a great patron of Saint Boniface.
Martel made the first attempt at reconciliation between the Papacy and the Franks.
The Pope wished him to become the defender of the Holy See and offered him the Roman consulship.
Martel refused the offer.
Although Martel never assumed the title of king, he divided Francia, like a king, between his sons Carloman and Pepin.
The latter became the first of the Carolingians, the family of Charles Martel, to become king.
Martel's grandson, Charlemagne, extended the Frankish realms to include much of the West.
Charlemagne became the first Emperor since the fall of Rome.
On the basis of his achievements, Martel laid the groundwork for the Carolingian Empire.
680s births
Deng Minghe (; 8 June 2006 – 28 April 2015) was a Chinese actor of yu opera.
He was best known for opening the 2012 CCTV New Year's Gala on China Central Television (CCTV), performing a folk song.
He also appeared in the Henan Television series Liyuanchun in 2010.
He was born in Handan, Hebei.
Deng died from leukemia on 28 April 2015 in Beijing, aged 8.
He had the disease once before and recovered after five rounds of chemotherapy in 2013.
However, in February 2015, his condition got worse.
2006 births
The following is a list of notable deaths in May 2015.
May 1 - David Day, 63, Australian radio broadcaster (5KA, Triple M).
May 1 - María Elena Velasco, 74, Mexican actress, comedienne and movie producer (La India María), stomach cancer.
May 1 - Pete Brown, 80, American professional golfer, heart failure and stroke.
May 1 - Stephen Milburn Anderson, 67, American movie director, writer and producer, throat cancer.
May 1 - Grace Lee Whitney, 85, American actress (Star Trek, Some Like It Hot, Irma la Douce).
May 1 - Gary Liddell, 60, Scottish footballer (Grimsby Town, Heart of Midlothian). (
May 1 - Geoff Duke, 92, British motorcycle racer.
May 1 - Vafa Guluzade, 74, Azerbaijani diplomat and political scientist.
May 1 - Beth Whittall, 78, Canadian Olympic swimmer, double Pan American champion (1955).
May 1 - Harry Geisinger, 81, American politician, member of the Georgia House of Representatives (1969–1974, since 2005), leukemia.
May 1 - Ray Ceresino, 86, Canadian ice hockey player (Toronto Maple Leafs).
May 2 - Ruth Rendell, 85, English crime novelist (Inspector Wexford series), stroke.
May 2 - Maya Plisetskaya, 89, Russian ballet dancer, heat attack.
May 2 - Guy Carawan, 87, American folk singer and civil rights activist.
May 2 - Dave Goldberg, 47, American executive (SurveyMonkey, LAUNCH Media).
May 2 - Sarah Correa, 22, Brazilian swimmer, South American Games champion (2010), hit by car.
May 2 - Michael Blake, 69, American author and screenwriter (Dances with Wolves).
May 2 - Konstantin K. Kuzminsky, 75, Russian performance poet.
May 2 - Stuart Archer, 100, British recipient of the George Cross.
May 2 - Philip S. Goodman, 89, American director, screenwriter and producer (We Shall Return, Profiles in Courage).
May 2 - Ryan McHenry, 27, Scottish movie director and social media personality, bone cancer.
May 2 - Norman Thaddeus Vane, 86, American screenwriter and movie director (Frightmare).
May 2 - John Mahaffy, 96, Canadian ice hockey player (Montreal Canadiens, New York Rangers).
May 3 - Abdul Wahid Aresar, 65, Pakistani politician.
May 3 - Revaz Chkheidze, 88, Georgian movie director (Father of a Soldier, The Saplings).
May 3 - Danny Jones, 29, Welsh international rugby league player, cardiac arrest.
May 3 - Abdul Basit Usman, 40–41, Filipino fugitive, shot.
May 3 - Harry Martin, 95, American judge.
May 3 - John Elders, 84, English rugby union player (Leicester).
May 4 - Ellen Albertini Dow, 101, American actress (The Wedding Singer, Wedding Crashers, Patch Adams).
May 4 - Jesús Hermida, 77, Spanish journalist and broadcaster, stroke.
May 4 - Andrew Lewis, 44, Guyanese boxer, traffic accident.
May 4 - Joshua Ozersky, 47, American food writer.
May 4 - Zhivko Gospodinov, 57, Bulgarian footballer.
May 5 - Jon Castañares, 90, Spanish economist and politician, Mayor of Bilbao (1979-1983).
May 5 - Hans Jansen, 72, Dutch politician, Member of the European Parliament (since 2014), stroke.
May 5 - Oscar Holderer, 95, American engineer, worked on Saturn V project.
May 5 - Craig Gruber, 63, American rock musician (Rainbow, Elf), prostate cancer.
May 5 - Brian Sedgemore, 78, British politician, MP (1974–1979, 1983–2005), fall.
May 6 - Errol Brown, 71, British singer (Hot Chocolate), liver cancer.
May 6 - Jerome Cooper, 68, American jazz drummer, multiple myeloma.
May 6 - Jim Wright, 92, American politician, Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (1987–1989).
May 7 - Józef Pazdur, 90, Polish Roman Catholic prelate, Auxiliary Bishop of Wrocław (1984–2000).
May 7 - John Dixon, 86, Australian cartoonist (Air Hawk and the Flying Doctors), stroke.
May 7 - Maurice Flanagan, 86, British businessman (Emirates).
May 7 - Frank DiPascali, 58, American financier and fraudster, lung cancer.
May 8 - Zeki Alasya, 72, Turkish actor and director (From the Village to the City), liver disease.
May 8 - Atanas Semerdzhiev, 90, Bulgarian politician, Vice President (1990–1992).
May 8 - Martin Nag, 88, Norwegian writer, stroke.
May 8 - Menashe Kadishman, 82, Israeli artist, winner of the Israel Prize (1995).
May 8 - Phil Skoglund, 77, New Zealand lawn bowls player, triple world champion (1988).
May 8 - Rutger Gunnarsson, 69, Swedish bassist (ABBA, Elton John). (
May 8 - Joanne Carson, 84, American television talk show host and model.
May 8 - Notable people killed in the 2015 Pakistan Army Mil Mi-17 crash:
Leif Holger Larsen, 61, Norwegian diplomat, Ambassador to Pakistan (since 2014).
Domingo Lucenario, Jr., 54, Filipino diplomat, Ambassador to Pakistan (since 2013).
May 9 - Lo Wing-lok, 60, Hong Kong politician, member of the Legislative Council for Medical (2000–2004), lung cancer.
May 9 - Odo Marquard, 87, German philosopher.
May 9 - Michael MacKellar, 76, Australian politician, MP for Warringah (1969–1994).
May 9 - Igor Gorynin, 89, Russian metallurgist.
May 9 - Kenan Evren, 97, Turkish military officer, President of Turkey (1980–1989), gastrointestinal hemorrhage.
May 9 - Johnny Gimble, 88, American country music fiddler.
May 9 - Ragne Tangen, 88, Norwegian children's television presenter. (
May 9 - Elizabeth Wilson, 94, American actress (The Birds, The Graduate, 9 to 5), Tony Award winner (1972).
May 10 - Ninad Bedekar, 65, Indian historian and writer.
May 10 - Luiz Henrique da Silveira, 75, Brazilian politician, Senator (since 2011), Governor of Santa Catarina (2003–2006, 2007–2010), Minister of Science, Technology and Innovation (1987–1988), heart attack.
May 10 - Kim Kyok-sik, 76, North Korean military officer, Defence Minister (2012–13), acute respiratory failure.
May 11 - Jef Geeraerts, 85, Belgian author, heart attack.
May 11 - Stan Cornyn, 81, American record label executive and writer.
May 11 - Sir John Watts, 93, Grenadian politician, President of the Senate (1988–1990, 1995–2004).
May 12 - William Zinsser, 92, American writer (On Writing Well).
May 12 - Suchitra Bhattacharya, 65, Indian novelist, cardiac arrest.
May 12 - Bill Guthridge, 77, American college basketball coach (University of North Carolina).
May 12 - Peter Gay, 91, American psychohistorian and writer.
May 12 - William MacDonald, 90, Australian serial killer, natural causes.
May 13 - Derek Davis, 67, Irish broadcaster (Live at 3).
May 13 - Gainan Saidkhuzhin, 77, Russian Soviet Olympic cyclist (1960, 1964), heart attack.
May 13 - Anna Levinson, 76, German zoologist.
May 14 - Zdzisław Żygulski, Jr., 93, Polish art historian.
May 14 - B.B. King, 89, American Hall of Fame blues guitarist, singer and songwriter ("The Thrill Is Gone"), complications from Alzheimer's disease.
May 15 - John Stephenson, 91, American actor (The Flintstones, Dragnet), Alzheimer's disease.
May 15 - Garo Yepremian, 70, American football player (Miami Dolphins), brain cancer.
May 15 - Donald Wrye, 77, American movie director (Ice Castles).
May 15 - Jackie Brookner, 69, American artist, cancer.
May 16 - Yeung Kwong, 89, Hong Kong pro-communist activist, heart failure.
May 16 - Jackie Basehart, 63, American-born Italian actor (The Inglorious Bastards).
May 16 - Dean Potter, 43, American rock climber, BASE-jumping accident.
May 16 - Moshe Levinger, 80, Israeli Orthodox rabbi.
May 16 - Flora MacNeil, 86, Scottish Gaelic singer (Mo Run Geal Og).
May 16 - John Templeton Jr., 75, American physician and philanthropist, brain cancer.
May 16 - Elias Gleizer, 81, Brazilian actor, heart failure and bronchopneumonia complicated by a fall.
May 17 - Chinx, 31, American rapper, shot.
May 17 - Margaret Dunning, 104, American philanthropist, complications from a fall.
May 17 - Michael Alfred Peszke, 83, Polish-born American psychiatrist and historian.
May 18 - Raymond Gosling, 88, British scientist.
May 18 - Halldór Ásgrímsson, 67, Icelandic politician, Prime Minister (2004–2006), heart attack.
May 18 - Aruna Shanbaug, 66, Indian nurse, comatose rape victim, pneumonia.
May 19 - Happy Rockefeller, 88, American socialite and philanthropist, Second Lady of the United States (1974–1977).
May 19 - Edmond J. Gong, 84, American politician, member of the Florida House of Representatives (1963–1966) and Senate (1967–1971).
May 19 - Robert S. Wistrich, 70, British-Israeli history professor, heart attack.
May 19 - Ahmad Alasgarov, 79, Azerbaijani footballer and manager.
May 19 - Burhan Muhammad, 57, Indonesian diplomat, Ambassador to Pakistan (since 2012), burns from helicopter crash.
May 19 - Dale D. Myers, 93, American aerospace engineer, Deputy Administrator of NASA (1986–1989).
May 19 - Gerald Götting, 91, German politician, President of the East German People's Chamber (1969–1976).
May 20 - Sudha Shivpuri, 77, Indian actress (Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi), multiple organ failure.
May 20 - Bob Belden, 58, American musician, heart attack.
May 21 - Joaquim Durão, 84, Portuguese chess player.
May 21 - Twinkle, 66, British singer-songwriter ("Terry"), cancer.
May 21 - Louis Johnson, 60, American bassist (The Brothers Johnson, Michael Jackson).
May 21 - Annarita Sidoti, 44, Italian race walker, world champion (1997), breast cancer.
May 22 - Marques Haynes, 89, American basketball player (Harlem Globetrotters).
May 22 - Aminah Robinson, 75, American artist, heart failure.
May 22 - Terry Sue-Patt, 50, British actor (Grange Hill). (
May 22 - Radomir Naumov, 68, Serbian politician, Minister of Energy and Mining (2004–2007), Minister of Religion (2007–2008).
May 23 - Aleksey Mozgovoy, 40, Ukrainian pro-Russian separatist.
May 23 - John Forbes Nash, Jr., 86, American Nobel Prize-winning mathematician, car accident.
May 23 - Anne Meara, 85, American comedian (Stiller and Meara) and actress (Archie Bunker's Place, Sex and the City, Like Mike).
May 23 - Ali Raymi, 41, Yemeni boxer, bombing.
May 24 - Tanith Lee, 67, British science fiction, horror and fantasy writer (Blake's 7).
May 24 - Marcus Belgrave, 78, American jazz trumpeter, heart failure.
May 24 - Bharat Raj Upreti, 63, Nepali judge, justice of the Supreme Court (2009–2013), suicide by hanging.
May 25 - John M. Murphy, 88, American politician, member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York's 16th (1963–1973) and 17th (1973–1981) districts.
May 25 - Mary Ellen Mark, 75, American photographer, myelodysplastic syndrome.
May 25 - Bill O'Herlihy, 76, Irish sports broadcaster (RTÉ Sport).
May 26 - Vicente Aranda, 88, Spanish movie director (Amantes).
May 26 - Les Johnson, 90, Australian politician, MP for Hughes (1955–1966, 1969–1983).
May 26 - Dayton Waller, 90, American politician, member of the Louisiana House of Representatives for Shreveport (1968–1972).
May 26 - Rocky Frisco, 77, American pianist (JJ Cale Band).
May 26 - Bob Hornery, 83, Australian stage, movie and television actor (Neighbours, Mad Max Beyond Thunderdome, The Importance of Being Earnest).
May 26 - Robert Kraft, 87, American astronomer.
May 27 - Erik Carlsson, 86, Swedish rally driver.
May 27 - Nils Christie, 87, Norwegian criminologist.
May 28 - Reynaldo Rey, 75, American actor and comedian (227, Friday, White Men Can't Jump), stroke.
May 29 - Betsy Palmer, 88, American actress (I've Got a Secret, Mister Roberts, Friday the 13th).
May 29 - Ed Gilligan, 55, American financial executive, President of American Express (since 2013).
May 29 - Doris Hart, 89, American tennis player.
May 30 - L. Tom Perry, 92, American apostle of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, thyroid cancer.
May 30 - Lennie Merullo, 98, American baseball player (Chicago Cubs).
May 30 - Beau Biden, 46, American politician, Attorney General of Delaware (2007–2015), brain cancer.
May 30 - Julie Harris, 94, British costume designer.
May 30 - Tony McNamara, 85, English footballer (Everton, Liverpool).
May 31 - Rochelle Shoretz, 42, American civil servant, founder of Sharsheret, complications from breast cancer.
May 31 - Karl Wlaschek, 97, Austrian executive, founder of Billa.
May 31 - Mario Saliwa, 31, South African first-class cricketer.
May 31 - Slim Richey, 77, American guitarist, lymphoma.
Emil Doepler the younger (29 October 1855 – 21 December 1922) was an illustrator, painter and teacher.
Today he is seen as one of the people who influenced the Art Nouveau movement.
Emil Doepler's father was Carl Emil Doepler.
Doepler designed the coat of arms of the Weimar Republic.
German illustrators
Matthias Kuhle (20 April 1948 – 25 April 2015) was a German geographer.
He was also a professor at the University of Göttingen in Göttingen.
He edited the book series Geography International published by Shaker Verlag.
Kuhle was born in Berlin.
He died in an earthquake on 25 April 2015 in the village of Saurpani, Gorkha, Nepal.
Marty Napoleon (June 2, 1921 – April 27, 2015) was an American jazz pianist.
He was best known for having replaced Earl Hines in Louis Armstrong's All Stars in 1952.
He also worked with Gene Krupa, Phil Napoleon, Teddy Napoleon, Charlie Ventura, Kai Winding and Rex Stewart.
Napoleon was born in Brooklyn, New York City to Italian immigrants from Sicily.
He died on April 27, 2015 in Glen Cove, Long Island, aged 93.
Synthetic genomics is a type of genetic engineering.
It makes genes which never occur in nature.
Synthetic genomics does not use naturally occurring genes.
It may use custom-designed base pair series.
In the future, it might use genetic codes that are not composed of the two base pairs of DNA currently used by life forms.
Synthetic genomics uses techniques from genetics research.
Researchers can make long base pair chains cheaply and accurately on a large scale.
This allows them to do experiments on genomes which do not exist in nature.
They also use ideas in protein folding and high-end computing facilities.
The J. Craig Venter Institute is working in this field.
The team of about 20 researchers is led by  Nobel laureate Hamilton Smith, DNA researcher Craig Venter and microbiologist Clyde A. Hutchison III.
The Venter group has put together a semi-synthetic Mycoplasma genitalium bacterial genome by recombination of 25 overlapping fragments.
This was done in a single step:
"The use of yeast recombination greatly simplifies the assembly of large DNA molecules from both synthetic and natural fragments".
Geneticists have made the first synthetic chromosome for yeast. "
The genes in the original chromosome were replaced with synthetic versions and the finished man-made chromosome was then successfully integrated into a yeast cell".
Ray Jackson (1941 – 23 April 2015) was an Australian Aboriginal activist and Wiradjuri elder.
He was President of the Indigenous Social Justice Association (ISJA).
He was a notable campaigner for the rights of Indigenous Australians.
He was a member of the Stolen Generations.
Jackson died on 23 April 2015 in the suburb of Sydney of Waterloo, New South Wales.
S. Gopalan, pen-name Gopulu (18 June 1924 – 29 April 2015), was an Indian illustrator and cartoonist.
He was best known for his work for the Tamil humour magazine Ananda Vikatan.
Gopulu was born in Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu.
He died on 29 April 2015, aged 91.
His son outlived him.
St. Clement Parish is a bilingual Roman Catholic parish community in Ottawa, Canada.
It is within the Archdiocese of Ottawa.
St. Clement is run by the Priestly Fraternity of Saint Peter.
It was the first parish in the world to be authorized to celebrate the Mass and other sacraments in Latin only.
This is according to the liturgical norms of the 1962 Roman Missal.
These norms were ended in the 1960s.
Since June 3, 2012, St. Clement Parish operates out of St. Anne Church in Lowertown.
Before the 1960s, Catholics all over the world prayed together in Latin.
In the 1960s, the leaders of the Catholic Church decided that Catholics should pray together using their mother tongue instead of using Latin.
Some Catholics still wanted to use Latin when they prayed together.
A group of these Catholics were in Ottawa and asked Bishop Joseph-Aurèle Plourde to let them pray together in Latin.
He said that they could.
The group started to meet together in 1968.
When these Catholics started to meet together, they met at Precious Blood Sisters' Monastery.
This was a large home for nuns.
In 1984, the nuns could not share their home with them anymore.
The group moved to a small building and called themselves St. Clement Latin Community.
They stayed in the new building until 1993.
At that time they were able to get a church building of their own.
The new church was on Mann Avenue in the Sandy Hill neighborhood.
In 2011, Bishop Terrence Prendergast asked St. Clement Parish if they wanted to move into Ste-Anne Church.
Ste-Anne Church was an old church building that was important to the history of Ottawa.
The parish started to meet at Ste-Anne Church on June 3, 2012.
Marie Reine du Canada Pilgrimage
The St. Clement Parish also runs an event called Marie Reine du Canada Pilgrimage.
During this pilgrimage, people walk 100 km from Saint-Joseph-de-Lanoraie to the church of Notre-Dame du Cap in Trois-Rivières.
It is based on a similar pilgrimage from Notre-Dame de Paris to Chartres Cathedral in France.
St. Clement parish website
Talossan is a constructed language created for the micronation the Kingdom of Talossa.
In Talossan the language is called Talossan.
Talossan.com
Henriette Ragon (10 June 1918 – 30 April 2015), better known by her stage name Patachou, was a French actress and singer.
She appeared on stage, television and movies between 1953 and 2006.
She also wrote at least twenty songs.
On 1 January 2009, she was awarded the Legion of Honour.
Patachou was born in Paris.
Her son, Pierre Billon (born 1946), is a songwriter.
Gregory Mertens (2 February 1991 – 30 April 2015) was a Belgian professional footballer.
His position was central defender.
He played in the Belgian Pro League, playing for Cercle Brugge (2011–2014) and Lokeren (2014–2015).
He was born in Anderlecht.
Mertens went into cardiac arrest and collapsed on 27 April 2015 while playing a game against K.R.C. Genk.
He died from heart failure on 30 April at a Genk hospital, aged 24.
Ture Lennart Bodström (20 April 1928 - 30 April 2015) was a Swedish politician.
He served as the Minister for Foreign Affairs in Olof Palme's Social Democratic cabinet from 1982 to 1985.
Following the 1985 election, Bodström was reassigned to the post of Minister for Education.
The United Nations Integrated Mission in East Timor (UNMIT) is a peacekeeping operation that was created in August 25, 2006 by UN Security Council Resolution 1704.
Its objectives are "to support the Government in consolidating stability, enhancing a culture of democratic governance, and facilitating political dialogue among Timorese stakeholders, in their efforts to bring about a process of national reconciliation and to foster social cohesion".
The operation ended on December 31, 2012.
Eric Garner (September 15, 1970 – July 17, 2014) was a man from Staten Island, New York City.
He died in the same borough after a police officer put him in a chokehold for 15 seconds.
The New York City Medical Examiner's Office found that Garner died partly because of the chokehold.
New York City Police Department officers talked to Garner because they thought he was selling cigarettes illegally.
When Officer Daniel Pantaleo took Garner's wrist behind his back, Garner swatted his arms away.
Pantaleo then  put his arm around Garner's neck and pulled him backwards and to the ground.
After Pantaleo removed his arm from around Garner's neck, he pushed Garner's face into the ground.
Four officers went to restrain Garner, who said "I can't breathe" several times.
On December 3, 2014, a grand jury decided to not indict officer Pantaleo.
This led to protests and rallies with charges of police brutality.
As of December 28, 2014, more than fifty demonstrations had been held across the United States.
In the aftermath of Garner's death, his daughter Erica, Al Sharpton and many others began to protest against police brutality.
Erica died of complications from a heart attack on December 30, 2017 at the age of 27.
An anticonvulsant is a drug that is used to treat seizures which are commmonly associated with epilepsy.
For this reason, they are also known as antiepileptic drugs or anti-seizure drugs.
Many of these drugs act as mood stabilizers.
For this reason they are also used to treat mood disorders, such as bipolar disorder.
David "Daisy" Day (1951 – 1 May 2015) was an Australian radio broadcaster.
He began his disc jockey career at age 16 in Moree.
He was best known for working on radio stations such as 5KA and Triple M from the 1970s in South Australia.
In 2013, he published his autobiography, Rock Jock.
He was born in New South Wales.
Day died on 1 May 2015 in Adelaide, aged 63.
He had health issues for some time before his death.
Entertainers from New South Wales
Thomas Edward Perez (born October 7, 1961 in Buffalo, New York) is an American politician, consumer advocate and civil rights lawyer.
On July 23, 2013, he was sworn in as the United States Secretary of Labor.
Perez is a member of the Democratic Party.
He previously was the Assistant Attorney General for the Civil Rights Division of the United States Department of Justice.
Perez announced his candidacy for Chair of the Democratic National Committee in the 2017 election on December 15, 2016.
On February 25, 2017, Perez was elected Chairman on a second ballot.
Minutes after being elected, Perez named Keith Ellison as deputy chair.
He resigned in January 2021.
On June 23, 2021, Perez announced that he would be a candidate for the Democratic nomination for Governor of Maryland in the 2022 election.
Benjamin Earl "Ben" King (born Benjamin Earl Nelson; September 28, 1938 – April 30, 2015) was an American soul and R&B singer.
He was best known as the singer and co-composer of "Stand by Me".
The song became a US Top 10 hit in both 1961 and later in 1986 (when it was used as the theme to the movie of the same name).
King was born in Henderson, North Carolina and grew up in Harlem, New York City from age nine.
He later lived in Teaneck, New Jersey.
He was married to Betty from 1964 until his death.
Stirling Castle, is a castle in Stirling, Scotland.
It is one of the largest and most important castles in the United Kingdom.
It guarded an important crossing of the River Forth, which exits to the North Sea in the east.
The castle sits on the top of Castle Hill, an intrusive volcanic crag, part of the Stirling Sill geological formation.
It is surrounded on three sides by steep cliffs, giving it a strong defensive position.
It guards what was, until the 1890s, the farthest downstream crossing of the River Forth, This made it an important fortification from early times.
Most of the buildings of the castle date from the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.
A few structures of the fourteenth century remain, while the outer defences fronting the town date from the early eighteenth century.
Several Scottish kings and queens have been crowned at Stirling, including Mary, Queen of Scots, in 1542.
There have been at least eight sieges of Stirling Castle, including several during the Wars of Scottish Independence.
The last siege was in 1746, when Bonnie Prince Charlie failed to take the castle.
Stirling Castle is a scheduled Ancient Monument, and is a tourist attraction managed by Historic Scotland.
Casey Bailey (born October 27, 1991) is an American professional ice hockey center.
Before playing in the NHL, Bailey played parts of 2 seasons with the Alberni Valley Bulldogs of the British Columbia Hockey League (BCHL) and 1 season with the Omaha Lancers of the United States Hockey League (USHL).
Bailey decided to play college hockey with the Penn State Nittany Lions.
He played parts of 3 years with them and was named to the Big Ten Conference First All-Star Team in 2015.
Bailey was not drafted but signed a two-year, entry-level contract with the Toronto Maple Leafs on March 21, 2015.
Bailey became the first played from Penn State to sign a contract in the NHL, and also the first to play in the NHL.
Robert Lee Elder (July 14, 1934 – November 28, 2021) was an American professional golfer.
He is best remembered for becoming the first African-American to play in the Masters Tournament in 1975.
Elder died on November 28, 2021 in Escondido, California at the age of 87.
Juan Antonio "Chi-Chi" Rodríguez (born October 23, 1935 in Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico) is a Puerto Rican professional golfer.
He was the first Puerto Rican to be inducted into the World Golf Hall of Fame.
Profile at the World Golf Hall of Fame
Pete Brown (February 2, 1935 – May 1, 2015) was an American professional golfer.
He was best known as the first African American to win a PGA Tour event.
Brown was born in Port Gibson, Mississippi and grew up in Jackson, Mississippi.
María Elena Velasco Fragoso (December 17, 1940 - May 1, 2015) was a Mexican actress, comedienne, singer-songwriter, dancer, screenwriter, movie producer, and one of Mexico's few major female movie directors.
She was best known for creating and portraying La India María, a comical character based on indigenous Mexican women.
"See You Again" is a song by American rapper Wiz Khalifa featuring the vocals and piano playing of American singer Charlie Puth.
The song is featured in the 2015 action movie Furious 7.
It was created as a final tribute to Paul Walker, who died in a car crash in November 2013.
2015 songs
"Everything Is Awesome" is the Grammy and Oscar nominated song featured in The Lego Movie.
It was written by Shawn Patterson, Joshua Bartholomew, Lisa Harriton, and The Lonely Island.
Matthew Carle (born September 25, 1984) is an American professional ice hockey defenseman.
He has also played for the San Jose Sharks and Philadelphia Flyers.
Before playing in the NHL, Carle played parts of 2 seasons with the US National Team Development Program, 1 season with the River City Lancers of the United States Hockey League (USHL), and 3 years of college hockey with the University of Denver Pioneers.
During his time with the Pioneers, Carle won the Hobey Baker Award in 2006 for being the top National Collegiate Athletic Association men's ice hockey player.
He was also the only junior defenseman in history to win the award.
He was drafted 47th overall by the San Jose Sharks in the 2003 NHL Entry Draft.
On March 25, 2006, Carle made his NHL debut and scored his first NHL goal against Manny Fernandez of the Minnesota Wild in a 5-1 win.
On November 21, 2007, Carle was signed to a four-year, $13.75 million contract extension to stay with San Jose.
After 12 games with the Lightning, they traded him along with a 2009 third round draft pick to the Philadelphia Flyers in exchange for Steve Eminger, Steve Downie and a 2009 fourth round pick on November 7, 2008.
Carle missed 5 games at the start of December because of a rib injury.
During the home opener of the 2009–10 season for the Flyers, Carle tied the NHL record for assists in a single period by a defenceman when he set up four goals in the second period against the Washington Capitals and also helped Mike Richards achieve his second career hat trick, which was also his personal best for assists in a game.
"Stand by Me" is a R&B ballad which was originally performed by Ben E. King.
The song was inspired by the spiritual single "Lord Stand by Me".
The song is on the soundtrack of the 1986 movie Stand by Me.
Musicians who have covered the song include Prince Royce and John Lennon.
In 1999, BMI named it the fourth most performed song of the 20th century.
William Pfaff (December 1928 – April 30, 2015) was an American writer.
He was an author and op-ed columnist for the International Herald Tribune.
He also worked on The New York Review of Books.
Pfaff was born in Council Bluffs, Iowa.
He was of German, English, and Irish ancestry.
He studied at the University of Notre Dame.
He was a Catholic and was married with two children.
Pfaff died from a heart attack caused by a fall on April 30, 2015 in Paris, France.
Stephen Milburn Anderson (March 13, 1948 – May 1, 2015) was an American movie director, producer and screenwriter.
He wrote and directed eight movies.
He was best known for South Central, which was produced by Oliver Stone and released by Warner Bros. in 1992.
He also wrote and directed Cash (2010), starring Sean Bean and Chris Hemsworth.
He produced the Academy Award-winning short movie Ray's Male Heterosexual Dance Hall (1987).
He was born in New Mexico.
Anderson died from throat cancer on May 1, 2015 in Denver, Colorado, aged 67.
His wife of more than thirty years, Mary Weir, outlived him.
Anguish is an emotion.
It is a feeling of severe pain, mental suffering, distress and sadness.
Anguish is related to misery, dread, despair, and depression.
Causes of anguish
Many things can cause a person to feel anguish.
Abuse can cause anguish.
Child abuse can cause anguish.
Elder abuse can cause anguish.
Bullying can cause anguish.
Neglect can cause anguish.
Shame can lead to feelings of anguish.
A person may feel anguish when their life is not going as they hoped and there is little they can do to change it.
Anguish in law
Mental anguish is a concept of law.
It is sometimes written into a legal code.
In tort law, a person can receive compensation when someone hurts them.
This is known as a personal injury case.
This kind of legal case is handled by a personal injury lawyer.
In the United States, personal injury lawsuits account for less than 5% of all civil cases.
That number is declining.
Between 1999 and 2008, there was a 25% decrease in personal injury lawsuits filed in the United States.
In the judicial system, mental anguish is also called "pain and suffering".
This may include feelings of fear, distress, anxiety, depression, trauma, or grief.
When Jimmy Carter was President of the United States, he issued a proclamation about human rights.
He said that we must defend the victims of anguish, not the culprits (the people who cause it).
Anguish in medicine
In medicine, anguish is similar to anxiety.
It is a type of neurosis.
According to Sigmund Freud, the symptoms of anguish are irritability, anxiety, crisis, nightmares, phobias and obsessions.
Anguish can also cause insomnia.
People with mental illnesses like melancholia or depression may feel anguish.
Anguish may be a factor in a mental breakdown.
In dying patients, anguish may be physical, emotional, or spiritual.
They symptoms of physical anguish are severe pain and anxiety.
The symptoms of emotional and spiritual anguish are crying, moaning, wailing, or talking about fears or regrets.
Anguish is sometimes a cause of suicide or homicide.
People who experience psychological distress like anguish can have greater risk of premature death.
Anguish in psychology
Mental anguish can have significant as physical symptoms.
Psychological suffering from anguish can be just as significant as physical pain.
Psychological symptoms like anxiety, panic attacks and existential crisis can cause suffering.
Sigmund Freud is considered the inventor of psychoanalysis.
Freud said that anguish is one of the feelings that brings together and tears apart people, families, and societies.
Anguish in philosophy
Anguish is an important concept in existentialism.
Existentialists believe that freedom causes anguish.
French philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre talked about anguish in his book L'Être et le Néant (1943) (in English: Being and Nothingness) (1956).
Another French philosopher, Gilles Deleuze, said that anguish is a basic human emotion.
He said that people feel anguish when they understand that they cannot escape from evil and pain in the world.
Anguish is an important concept in nihilism.
Nihilists believe that life is meaningless.
That belief is a source of anguish.
German philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer wrote about "anguish of conscience."
He said that consciousness is anguish and anguish is pain.
Anguish in theology
Søren Kierkegaard was a Danish philosopher.
He wrote about religion, or theology.
Kierkegaard talked about anguish in several of his books: Fear and Trembling (1843), Either/Or (1843), The Sickness Unto Death (1849), and Two Discourses of God and Man (1938).
In the book Eighteen Upbuilding Discourses (1843), Kierkegaard talked about Paul the Apostle.
Paul felt anguish because he persecuted Christians.
Anguish in movies
Anguish is feeling common for characters in Woody Allen's movies.
Marion feels anguish in Another Woman.
Alvy feels anguish in Annie Hall.
Mary fakes feelings of anguish in Manhattan.
Elliot causes anguish for others when he falls in love with one of his wife's sisters in Hannah and Her Sisters.
Milap Chand Jain (21 July 1929 – 29 April 2015) was an Indian judge and politician.
He served as the Chief Justice of the Rajasthan High Court.
He also served as the acting Governor of Rajasthan from 3 February to 14 February 1990.
He was also the chairman of the Jain Commission set up by the government to inquire into Rajiv Gandhi's assassination.
Jain was born in Jodhpur, Rajasthan.
He had three children; a son and two daughters.
Ronald Senator (17 April 1926 – 30 April 2015) was a British composer.
He was best known for Holocaust Requiem, for which he was nominated for a Pulitzer Prize.
He had concerts in New York (1990, 1998, 2001), London (1989, 1997), Sydney (1978), Moscow (1993), and St. Petersburg (1991).
Senator studied at Oxford University (1944–1947) with Austrian-born British composer Egon Wellesz.
He was Jewish and married to Miriam Brickman.
He lived in London and New York, United States.
Senator and his 81-year-old wife died in a fire on 30 April 2015 at their home in Yonkers, New York.
François Michelin (15 June 1926 – 29 April 2015) was a French heir and business executive.
He served as the CEO of Michelin from 1955 to 1999.
Michelin was born in Clermont-Ferrand, Auvergne.
His grandfather, Édouard Michelin (1859–1940), was the founder of Michelin.
He became an orphan at the age of ten.
He had five children, including Édouard (1963–2006).
Valentine Edward Martin "Val" Lamb (26 January 1939 – 24 April 2015) was a British sports journalist.
He was editor of The Irish Field from 1970 to 2003.
Lamb was born in Coombe Bissett, Wiltshire.
He was the son of the artist Henry Lamb and his wife Lady Pansy Pakenham.
He was married twice and had three children.
Gary Liddell (27 August 1954 – 1 May 2015) was a Scottish professional footballer who played as a striker.
He played from 1972 and 1983 for the teams Leeds United, Grimsby Town, Hearts and Doncaster Rovers.
Liddell was born in Stirling.
His son, Andy (born 1973), was also a footballer.
Geoffrey Ernest "Geoff" Duke  (29 March 1923 – 1 May 2015) was a British multiple motorcycle Grand Prix road racing world champion.
In the 1950s, he won six world championships and six Isle of Man TT races.
Duke was born in St. Helens, Lancashire.
His son, Peter, is a businessman and founded Duke Video.
Duke died after a long illness 1 May 2015 at his home on the Isle of Man.
A mobile application, also referred to as a mobile app or simply an app, is a computer program designed to run on smartphones, tablet computers and other mobile devices.
Apps are usually available through an app store for that platform.
These began appearing in 2008.
The largest stores are operated by the owner of the mobile operating system.
Some apps are usually bundled with the device, already installed before you buy it.
Other apps may be downloaded for free from the app store, and some must be purchased.
Software developers make as they make other computer programs, and usually offer them through the app store.
Ruth Barbara Rendell, Baroness Rendell of Babergh  (née Grasemann; 17 February 1930 – 2 May 2015), also known as Barbara Vine, was an English writer.
She wrote mostly psychological thrillers and murder mysteries.
She released at least 90 books and was best known for her character Inspector Wexford.
Rendell was born in South Woodford, Essex (now London).
Her mother was born in Sweden and grew up in Denmark, while her father was English.
She was married to Don Rendell until his death from prostate cancer in 1999.
They had a son, Simon (born 1953).
Rendell had a stroke in January 2015.
She died on 2 May 2015 in London, aged 85.
Monty Python's The Meaning of Life is a 1983 British musical sketch comedy movie.
It is Monty Python's last movie.
It is about seven stages of life and is told through different sketches and songs.
August  Friedrich Albrecht Schenck (23 April 1828 – 1 January 1901) was a painter.
He became well known for his landscapes and paintings of animals.
He was both French and German by nationality.
His works were first shown in 1855.
The Diante do Trono is a Brazilian Christian pop rock band from Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
The band was formed in 1997 in the Lagoinha Church and is known as the main worship ministry in Latin America.
The band has sold over 15 million albums and is led by Ana Paula Valadão.
Juan Máximo Rojas Proenza, known as Max Rojas (June 4, 1940 - April 24, 2015) was a Mexican poet, essayist, literary critic and culture manager.
Rojas wrote long-winded poem Cuerpos, his last published work originally composed of three thousand pages and that could fill twenty volumes.
George Baker, MBE (1 April 19317 October 2011) was an English actor and writer.
He was best known for playing Tiberius in I, Claudius, and Inspector Wexford in The Ruth Rendell Mysteries.
He was born in Varna, Bulgaria.
Rodion Konstantinovich Shchedrin (, Rodion Konstantinovič Ščedrin, born December 16, 1932 in Moscow) is a Russian composer and pianist.
He won many awards such as the Lenin (1984), USSR State Prize (1972) and the State Prize of the Russian Federation (1992).
He is a former member of the Interregional Deputy Group (1989–1991).
The Plisetskaya-Shchedrin Foundation
Rodion Shchedrin on the Sikorski website (publisher): portrait, biography (pdf) and works
'David Fanning on Rodion Shchedrin and his Second Symphony and Rodion Shchedrin on David Fanning's publication'
Rodion Shchedrin interview by Bruce Duffie
Ismene Brown: theartsdesk Q&A: Composer Rodion Shchedrin theartsdesk.com 18 September 2010
Tabaré Ramón Vázquez Rosas (; 17 January 1940 – 6 December 2020) was an Uruguayan politician.
He served as President of Uruguay from 2015 to 2020.
In August 2019, Vázquez was diagnosed with lung cancer.
He died on 6 December 2020 from the disease in Montevideo at the age of 80.
Site of President of Uruguay
Electoral site of Tabaré Vázquez
New leftist cabinet launched in Uruguay (Xinhua News Agency)
Uruguay inaugurates first leftist president  (The Globe and Mail)
Left-wing Uruguay leader sworn in (BBC News)
Uruguay joys over new president (BBC News)
El Espectador: Tax Reform
Leftist Chief Is Installed in Uruguay and Gets Busy on Agenda (The New York Times)
Links for Plan de Emergencia Nacional
Muhammadu Buhari, GCFR (born 17 December 1942) is the President of Nigeria and a former Major General in the Nigerian Army.
He first became Head of State of Nigeria on 31 December 1983 when he took over the government by surprise.
While he was in power, he passed laws to control how people behaved that were very harsh and put many people in jail, even the famous musician Fela Kuti.
On 27 August 1985, there was another surprise takeover and he was no longer in charge of the country.
In the 21st century, Buhari decided to try and become head of state again and ran in multiple elections.
He eventually won and became President of Nigeria in 2015.
He brought back some of the harsh laws from the last time he was in charge of Nigeria.
Now, more people have been criticizing him as part of the End SARS protests.
2011 Presidential Election Campaign website
Muhammadu Buhari - In a HARDtalk interview on 21 January 2004
Umaru Musa Yar'Adua (16 August 19515 May 2010) was a Nigerian politician.