the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
Simenon is best known as the creator of the fictional detective Jules Maigret.
Centre d'études Georges Simenon et Fonds Simenon de l'Université de Liège
Selected Bibliography & Selected Maigret films
Simenon's Inspector Maigret - Includes complete bibliography & English translation checklist
Simenon at New York Review of Books
Baroness Suzanne Lilar (née Suzanne Verbist; 21 May 1901 – 11 December 1992) was a Flemish Belgian essayist, novelist, and playwright.
She wrote in French.
She was the wife of the Belgian Minister of Justice Albert Lilar and mother of the writer Françoise Mallet-Joris and the art historian Marie Fredericq-Lilar.
In 1919 Lilar attended the State University of Ghent.
She studied philosophy and was the first woman to receive a Law degree in 1925.
She moved to Antwerp where she became the first woman lawyer.
In 1929 she married the lawyer Albert Lilar who would later become a Minister of Justice and Minister of State.
After the death of her husband in 1976, she left Antwerp and moved to Brussels in 1977.
Lilar began her literary career as a journalist.
She reported on Republican Spain for the newspaper L'Indépendance belge in 1931.
She later became a playwright with Le Burlador (1946).
It was an original  reinterpretation of the myth of Don Juan.
It was told from the female perspective.
She wrote two more plays, Tous les chemins mènent au ciel (1947), a theological drama set in a 14th-century convent, and Le Roi lépreux (1951), a play about the Crusades.
Belgian essayists
Amélie Nothomb was born in Etterbeek, Belgium to Belgian diplomats.
She lived  in Japan, then  in China, New York, Bangladesh, Burma, Coventry and Laos.
Nothomb's first novel, Hygiène de l'assassin, was published in 1992.
Since then, she has published about one novel per year, including Les Catilinaires (1995), Fear and Trembling (1999) and Métaphysique des tubes (2000, published in English as The Character of Rain).
She has been awarded many prizes, including the 1999 Grand Prix du roman de l'Académie française, the Prix René-Fallet, and the 1993 Prix Alain-Fournier.
Maurice Polydore Marie Bernard Maeterlinck, also called Comte (Count) Maeterlinck from 1932, (29 August 1862 – 6 May 1949) was a Belgian playwright, poet, and essayist.
He wrote in French.
He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1911.
The main themes in his work are death and the meaning of life.
His plays are an important part of the Symbolist movement.
He finished his law studies at the University of Ghent in 1885.
He then spent a few months in Paris, France.
His first play, Princess Maleine, was well received in August 1890.
He had a relationship with the singer and actress Georgette Leblanc from 1895 till 1918.
On 15 February 1919 Maeterlinck married Renée Dahon.
She was actress he met during a rehearsal of The Blue Bird in 1910.
When Germany invaded Belgium in 1914, Maeterlink wished to join the French Foreign Legion.
His application was denied due to his age.
In 1919 he accepted an invitation to the United States.
He worked with Samuel Goldwyn on movies but did not find success.
He returned to Nice after the war on 10 August 1947.
In 1948, the French Academy awarded him the Medal for the French Language.
He died in Nice on 6 May 1949 after suffering a heart attack.
Franco-Belgian comics are comics that are made for Belgian and French readers.
These countries have a long tradition in comics and comic books.
There they are known as BDs, an abbreviation of bandes dessinées.
This means drawn strips in French.
Many other European comics, especially Italian comics, are strongly influenced by Franco-Belgian comics.
In Europe, the French language is spoken not only in France but also by about 40% of the population of Belgium and about 20% of the population of Switzerland.
Notable comics
While hundreds of comic series have been made in the Franco-Belgian group, some are more notable than others.
Most of those listed are aimed at younger readers:
XIII by William Vance and Jean Van Hamme
Adèle Blanc-Sec by Jacques Tardi
Asterix by René Goscinny and Albert Uderzo
Barbe Rouge by Jean-Michel Charlier, Victor Hubinon and others
Bécassine by Jacqueline Rivière and Joseph Pinchon
Blake and Mortimer by E.P. Jacobs
Blueberry by Jean-Michel Charlier and Jean Giraud
Boule and Bill by Jean Roba
Les Cités Obscures by François Schuiten and Benoît Peeters
Gaston by André Franquin
Incal by Alejandro Jodorowsky and Jean Giraud
Jerry Spring by Jijé
Jommeke by Jef Nys (originally made in Dutch)
Kiekeboe by Merho (originally made in Dutch)
Largo Winch by Philippe Francq and Jean Van Hamme
Lucky Luke by Morris and René Goscinny
Marsupilami by André Franquin
Michel Vaillant by Jean Graton
Nero by Marc Sleen (originally made in Dutch)
Rahan by Roger Lecureux
The Smurfs by Peyo
Spike and Suzy (Dutch: Suske & Wiske) by Willy Vandersteen (originally made in Dutch)
Spirou et Fantasio by André Franquin, Jijé and others
Tanguy et Laverdure by Jean-Michel Charlier, Jijé and others
Thorgal by Grzegorz Rosiński and Jean Van Hamme
The Adventures of Tintin by Hergé
Titeuf by Zep
Les Tuniques Bleues by Willy Lambil and Raoul Cauvin
Valérian and Laureline by Jean-Claude Mézières and Pierre Christin
The bunyip is a mythical creature from Australian mythology.
It is said to live in swamps, billabongs, creeks, riverbeds, and waterholes.
The bunyip is found in traditional aboriginal beliefs and stories from many parts of Australia, although it is called by several different names in different language groups.
These include kianpraty along the Murrumbidgee, wowee in the Hunter Valley, wee waa in the Narrandera region, as well as many other names.
The name bunyip comes from the Wemba-Wemba language of southeastern Australia.
It is normally translated today as "devil" or "evil spirit".
During the early settlement of Australia by Europeans, the idea that the bunyip was an actual unknown animal that had yet to be discovered became common.
A large number of bunyip "sightings" by settlers were recorded during the 1840s and 1850s, especially in Victoria, New South Wales and South Australia.
Various written stories of bunyips were made by Europeans in the early and mid-19th century.
Stories were commonly told to children to make them stay away from dangerous areas of water.
There are many different descriptions of what the bunyip looks like.
Features that were often reported in newspapers in the early 19th-century included dark fur, a face like a dog, sharp teeth and claws, flippers, tusks or horns, and a duck-like bill.
One writer, Robert Brough Smyth, recorded many different descriptions of the bunyip.
But he concluded that most people did not really know much about what it looked like or its behaviour, and that they were too afraid of the creature to be able to take note of its appearance.
Scholars have suggested that the story of the bunyip may have been passed down from a time when megafauna still existed in Australia.
Comparisons have been made to extinct marsupials like the Diprotodon or Thylacoleo.
Other scholars have suggested that people finding the fossilised remains of such animals would identify them as the bunyip.
Early accounts of settlers
The first written account of the bunyip was in July 1845.
A newspaper reported on the finding of some fossils near Geelong.
When the bones were shown to an Aboriginal man, he was said to have immediately recognised it as the bunyip.
He was asked to draw a picture of the bunyip.
The newspaper described it as having a head like an emu and the body and legs of an alligator.
Its legs were said to be strong, with thick and short hind legs and long legs in front.
It was said to have long claws.
When in the water, it was said to swim like a frog, but when on shore it would walk on its hind legs, standing  high.
In January 1846, a weird-looking skull was taken from the banks of Murrumbidgee River in New South Wales.
The person who found it said that all the natives it had been shown to had called it a bunyip.
The skull was put on display in the Australian Museum in Sydney.
Crowds came to see it, and The Sydney Morning Herald wrote that many of the visitors told stories about their "bunyip sightings".
Another early story about the bunyip was written in 1852 by an escaped convict named William Buckley.
He wrote that in many of the lakes he had visited, there lived an "amphibious animal, which the natives call Bunyip".
He wrote that he only ever saw the back of the animal, which he said was covered in grey feathers.
He described it as being the size of a small cow.
He claimed the bunyip was believed to have supernatural powers.
Pierre Culliford (25 June 1928 – 24 December 1992), known as Peyo, was a Belgian comics artist.
He is best known for making The Smurfs comic strip.
Peyo was born in 1928 in Brussels.
He was the son of an English father and a Belgian mother.
On Christmas Eve 1992, Peyo died of a heart attack in Brussels at age 64.
He went to the Académie Royale des Beaux-Arts in Brussels.
Peyo began work at the Compagnie Belge d'Animation (CBA), a small Belgian animation studio.
There he met a few of his future colleagues, like André Franquin, Morris and Eddy Paape.
He made his first comics for the newspaper La Dernière Heure (The Latest Hour).
From 1949 to 1952, he drew Poussy, a stop comic about a cat, for Le Soir.
For the same newspaper, he also made Johan.
In 1952, Franquin introduced Peyo to Le Journal de Spirou.
It was a children's comics magazine published by Dupuis which was first in Belgium in 1938.
Peyo wrote and drew a lot of characters and storylines.
His favourite was Johan et Pirlouit (translated into English as Johan and Peewit).
Set in the Middle Ages in Europe, Johan et Pirlouit stars a brave young page to the king, and his faithful, if boastful and cheating, midget sidekick.
Johan defends the meek on his trusty horse, while Peewit gallops behind on his goat, named Biquette.
The first smurf appeared in Johan and Peewit on 23 October 1958 in the album La Flûte à Six Schtroumpfs (The Six Smurfed Flute).
As the smurfs became more popular, Peyo started a studio in the early 1960s.
Many talented comic artists started to work.
The most notable artists to come from this studio are Walthéry, Wasterlain, Gos, Derib, Degieter, and Desorgher.
In 1959, the Smurfs got their own series.
Many authors of the Marcinelle school worked together on the writing or as an artist.
These include Willy Maltaite (aka 'Will'), Yvan Delporte, and Roger Leloup.
Peyo became more of a businessman and supervisor.
He let his son, Thierry Culliford, lead the studio.
His daughter Véronique was responsible for the merchandising.
The merchandising of the Smurfs began in 1959.
The PVC figurines were the most important piece until the late 1970s.
Then, with the success of the Smurf records by Father Abraham, the Smurfs got more international success.
Some of the toys reached the United States.
Hanna-Barbera made a Saturday morning animated series in 1981.
Peyo was story supervisor.
Jacky and Célestin, 1960–1978: 10 stories in Le Soir, 4 albums by Dupuis: artwork by François Walthéry, Francis, Jo-El Azara and Mitteï, stories by Peyo, Gos, and Vicq
Johan and Peewit, 1952-1970: 13 albums by Dupuis
Natacha, 1992: 1 album by Dupuis, artwork by Walthéry, story by Peyo
Pierrot: 1991, 1 album by Cartoon Creation
Poussy, 1977–1978, 3 albums by Dupuis
The Smurfs (Les Schtroumpfs), 1959–1992, 17 albums by Dupuis: additional artwork by Alain Maury and Luc Parthoens, additional stories by Yvan Delporte, Gos, Thierry Culliford
Spirou et Fantasio, 1969, 1 album by Dupuis, artwork by André Franquin and Jidéhem, story by Peyo and Gos
Steven Strong (Benoît Brisefer), 1960–1978, 7 albums by Dupuis, additional artwork by Will, Walthéry, Marc Wasterlain and Albert Blesteau, additional stories by Yvan Delporte, Gos, and Blesteau
He received the Youth Prize (9-12 years) award 1984 at the Angoulême International Comics Festival, France.
The 50th anniversary of The Smurfs and the 80th anniversary of the birth of its creator, was celebrated by issuing a high-value collectors' coin: the Belgian 5 euro, minted in 2008.
Collection Films
Smurfs: The Honey Games
Artists from Brussels
André, Baron Delvaux (21 March 1926 – 4 October 2002) was a Belgian movie director.
He is widely called the founder of the Belgian national cinema.
He received the Magritte Honorary Award at the Magritte Awards 2011.
Select Filmography
1989 1001 films
1988 L'Oeuvre au noir (after Marguerite Yourcenar's book).
Entered into the 1988 Cannes Film Festival.
1985 BABEL OPERA, ou la répétition de Don Juan de Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
1983 Benvenuta (with Vittorio Gassman, Fanny Ardant, Françoise Fabian and Mathieu Carrière) (after Suzanne Lilar's book La Confession Anonyme)
1980 To Woody Allen, from Europe with love
1979 Een vrouw tussen hond en wolf (Femme entre chien et loup)
1975 Met Dieric Bouts (Avec Dieric Bouts)
1973 Belle
1971 Rendez-vous à Bray (after Julien Gracq's novel, Le roi Cophetua)
1969 Interprètes
1968 Un soir un train (with Yves Montand, Anouk Aimée, François Beukelaers) (after Johan Daisne's book De trein der traagheid)
1966 Derrière l'écran (Achter het scherm)
1965 De Man die zijn haar kort liet knippen (L'homme au crâne rasé) after Johan Daisne's book
1964 Cinéma polonais
1962 Le Temps des écoliers
1962 Jean Rouch
1962 Fellini
1960 Yves boit du lait
1959 La planète fauve
1959 Two summer days
1958 Cinéma, bonjour!
1956 Nous étions treize
1953 Forges
Belgian movie directors
Belgian movie producers
Stijn, Baron Coninx (born 21 February 1957 in Neerpelt, Belgium) is a Belgian movie director.
He is best known for the movie Daens.
He was made a Baron by King Albert II of Belgium.
He studied movie directing at HRITCS.
Servais (1980), his university finals movie
Surfing (1982), short movie
Hector (1987)
Koko Flanel (1990)
Daens (1992) (nominated for an Academy Award)
When the Light Comes (Licht) (1998)
Further Than the Moon (Verder dan de maan) (2003)
To Walk Again (2007), documentary.
Soeur Sourire (2009)
Assistant director
Het Beest (1982)
Zaman (1983) (credited as Stijn Coninckx)
Wildschut (1985) (Stronghold in the United States)
De Leeuw van Vlaanderen (1985)
Skin (1987)
Blueberry Hill (1989)
Het Peulengaleis (1999) TV series
Nefast voor de feestvreugde'' (2001, 2002, 2003) TV series
Stijn Coninx  - Film information from the Belgium government site belgium.be
| name          = Jan Decleir
| image         =Jandecleir677.jpg
| imagesize     =
| caption       = Jan Decleir in 2003
| birth_name     = Jan Amanda Gustaaf Decleir
| birth_place      = Niel, Belgium
| other_names     =
| notable_works  = "Priest Daens" in Daens;"Dreverhaven" in Character;"Angelo Ledda" in The Memory of a Killer
| awards = Best Supporting Actor2007 WolfsbergenCulture Prize2003 Lifetime ArchievementGrolsch Film Award1997 Character| spouse        =
Jan Decleir (born 14 February 1946) is a Belgian movie and stage actor.
He was born in Niel, Antwerp.
His first big role was in Fons Rademakers' Mira (1971).
He starred in Academy Award winning movies Karakter and Antonia and the Oscar-nominated social drama Daens.
For his role in The Barons, he received the Magritte Award for Best Supporting Actor.
Heeft geleden onder Pontius Pilatus (1966)
Geboorte en dood van Dirk Vandersteen jr. (
Het huis met de maskers (1968)
De meeuw (1968)
Klucht van de brave moordenaar (1969)
Koning Lear (=King Lear) (1969)
Het Helleschip (1969)
Zeven miljoen molekulen (1970)
De Familie Tot (1971)
Mira, aka Mira of de teleurgang van de waterhoek (1971)
August, August, August (1971)
Rolande met de bles (1972)
De Loteling (The Conscript) (1973)
De Vrek (1974)
Verloren maandag (1974)
Verbrande burg (Burned bridge) (1975)
Pallieter (1976)
De man in de rok en de man zonder (1976)
Niet alle dieven komen ongelegen (1976)
Als schilders konden spreken (1976)
Une page d'amour (=one page of love) (1978)
Doodzonde (=Mortal Sin) (1978)
De proefkonijnen (1979)
Grueten broos (1979)
Le Grand Paysage d'Alexis Droeven (1981)
Twee vorstinnen en een vorst (=Two contessas and a count) (1981)
Tijd om gelukkig te zijn (=Time to be happy) (1982)
Het verleden (1982)
Toute une nuit (=A Whole/Entire Night) (1982)
Maria Danneels (of het leven dat we droomden) (1982)
Zware jongens (1984)
De Loteling (1984)
John The Fearless (1984)
De Leeuw van Vlaanderen (= the Flemish lion) (1985)
Het gezin van Paemel (=The Van Paemel family) (1986)
De Tijger (1988)
Het eerste mirakel van kindeke Jesus (1988)
Het Sacrament (1990)
Dilemma (1990)
Anchoress (1993)
Daens (1993)
Beck - De gesloten kamer (1993)
Antonia (=Antonia's line) (1995)
Camping Cosmos (1996)
Karakter     (=Character) (1997)
S. (1998)
Taming the Floods (1999)
Retour Den Haag (1999)
Molokai: The Story of Father Damien  (aka Molokai: the forbidden island) (1999)
Shades (1999)
Kruimeltje (=Little crumb) (1999)
Running Free (2000)
Lijmen/Het Been (=The publishers) (2000)
Mariken (2000)
De omweg (2000)
De verlossing (=Closure aka The other life) (2001)
Villa des Roses (2002)
Hop (2002)
Brush with Fate (2003)
Rosenstrasse(2003) (=Rosenstraße)
SuperTex (= Supertex - Eine Stunde im Paradies)
Till Eusterspiegel (=Jester Till) (2003)
Vlucht der verbeelding (2003)
De Zaak Alzheimer  (2003)
L'Autre (=The missing) (2003)
De passievrucht (=Father's affair) (2003)
Edelweißpiraten (=Edelweiss pirates) (2004)
De kus (=The Kiss) (2004)
Off screen (2005)
Een Ander Zijn Geluk (2005)
Verlengd weekend (2005)
Het Paard van Sinterklaas (2005)
Crusade in Jeans (=Kruistocht in Spijkerbroek) (2005)
Wolfsbergen (2007) - see Nanouk Leopold
Man zkt vrouw (A Perfect Match) (2007)
Loft (2008)
Les Barons (2009)
De schaduw van Bonifatius (2010)
Nova Zembla (2011)
Keromar (1971)
Sil de strandjutter  (1976)
Adriaen Brouwer (1986)
Klein Londen, Klein Berlijn (1988)
Moeder, waarom leven wij? (
Dag Sinterklaas (1993)
Ons geluk (1995)
Gaston Berghmans Show (1995)
Kulderzipken (1996)
Diamant (1997)
Grote boze wolf show (2000)
Stille waters (2001)
De 9 dagen van de gier (2001)
Meiden van De Wit (2002)
Koning van de wereld (2005)
Als 't maar beweegt (2005)
De kavijaks'' (2005)
In 1996 Gillain received the Prix Romy Schneider.
She is single but has two daughters, Dune (born in 2004, from musician Martin Gamet) and Vega (born in 2009, from French-Italian actor Christopher Degli Esposti).
Brief filmography
Mon père ce héros (1991) - Véronique aka My Father the Hero
Un homme à la mer (TV) (1993) - Camille aka A Man at Sea
Marie (1994) - Marie
L'appât (1995) - Nathalie aka The Bait
Le affinità elettive (1996) - Ottilia
Un air si pur (1997) - Julie d'Espard aka An Air So Pure
Le Bossu (1997) - Aurore
La cena (1998) - Allieva aka The Dinner
Harem Suare (1999) - Safiye
Laissons Lucie faire! (
2000) - Lucie
Barnie et ses petites contrariétés (2001) - Margot aka Barnie's Minor Annoyances
Absolument fabuleux (2001) - Safrane aka Absolutely Fabulous
Laissez-passer (2002) - Olga aka Safe Conduct
Ni pour, ni contre (bien au contraire) (2003) – Caty aka Not for or Against
Tout le plaisir est pour moi (2004) - Louise aka The Pleasure Is All Mine
L'enfer (2005) - Anne aka Hell
La voix de Laura (TV) (2005) - Laura
Black Box (2006)
Ma vie n'est pas une comédie romantique (2007)
Les Femmes de l'Ombre (2008)
La très très grande entreprise (2008)
Magique (2009)
Coco Before Chanel (2009)
All Our Desires (2011)
Muṯitjulu is an Indigenous Australian town in the Northern Territory.
It is inside Uluṟu-Kata Tjuṯa National Park, just east of Uluṟu.
It is named after a knee-shaped waterhole at the base of Uluṟu.
Its people are mostly Pitjantjatjara.
There are also some Yankunytjnatjara, Luritja and Ngaanyatjarra families living there.
Almost everybody works in the national park.
The community had a population of 283 in the 2006 census.
It was reported to have dropped to around 150 in 2012, after alcohol was banned.
Mutitjulu at WARU
Mutijulu Community Council at ATNS
The Alzheimer Case (also called The Alzheimer Affair or The Memory of a Killer) is a 2003 movie directed by Erik Van Looy.
It is based on the novel De Zaak Alzheimer by Jef Geeraerts.
Belgian movies
Albert Namatjira (28 July 1902 – 8 August 1959), born Elea Namatjira, was an Indigenous Australian artist.
He is one of Australia's most well-known painters.
He is best known for his watercolour paintings of the Australian outback landscape.
His works were not in the traditional style of Aboriginal art.
But they became important to forming the style of modern indigenous art in Australia.
Namatjira was an Arrernte man from the western MacDonnell Ranges area.
He was born at Hermannsburg, a Lutheran mission near Alice Springs.
He was born as Elea, but once baptised, his parents changed his name to Albert.
He had a western-style upbringing on the mission.
When he turned 13, though, he returned to the bush for his initiation.
He was made a member of the Arrernte community and was introduced to his traditional heritage.
Namatjira said this is how he came to understand the kinship with his land that is seen in his works.
He eventually become an elder of the Arrernte community.
His first exhibition was held in Melbourne in 1938.
Exhibitions after this in Sydney and Adelaide sold out.
His art became widely recognised around Australia.
A portrait painting of him by William Dargie won the Archibald Prize in 1956.
Albert Namatjira photograph collection at the National Library of Australia
Australian Dictionary of Biography entry
Seeing the Centre: The art of Albert Namatjira 1902-1959 , an online exhibition of the National Gallery of Australia
Indigenous Australian artists
Artists from the Northern Territory
Arrernte
Florida Bay is the large shallow lagoon between the southern end of the Florida mainland (the Florida Everglades) and the Florida Keys, a long series of small islands.
The Bay is significant for its ecology of sea grass and the organisms that live there.
Nearly all of Florida Bay is included in Everglades National Park.
The southern edge, along the Florida Keys is in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary.
Outside the Bay is the northern part of the Keys, and outside them is the Florida Reef, the only barrier coral reef in North America.
The Bay has the largest known seagrass bed in the world.
Sea grass beds contain many species from various phyla.
Seagrass herbivory is important in the food chain, and eaten by a number of animals, some of them rare.
Species that feed on sea grass include green turtles, dugongs, manatees, fish, geese, sea urchins and crabs.
The mangrove swamps in the shallow areas are also quite extensive.
Florida Bay is a model for the conditions which produced limestones on many of the continental shelves of the world.
It is a kind of carbonate 'factory'.p144
This is mainly formed by Melobesia, a small red alga which lives on the sea grass.p151 Also, the organisms produce huge amounts of slime, which is a polysaccharide.
There is good reason to think the slime is produced by the algae to control the way their carbonate skeletons are formed.p139 As a side-effect the slime limits the amount of carbonate which goes into solution in the water, so most of it gets deposited on the bottom.p155
Waterspouts
Waterspouts are a feature of the area.
There are as many as 500 waterspouts per year.
They are common from June to October, but can occur at other times.
Oodgeroo Noonuccal (   ; born Kathleen Jean Mary Ruska, formerly Kath Walker; 3 November 1920 – 16 September 1993) was an Australian poet, political activist, artist and teacher.
She was best known for her poetry, and was the first Aboriginal Australian to publish a book of verse.
Oodgeroo Noonuccal is a traditional Quandamooka name that she adopted for herself in 1988 (Oodgeroo refers to the paperbark tree, and Noonuccal is the name of her tribe).
Oodgeroo campaigned strongly for Aboriginal rights.
She was one of the main people behind the campaign for the changes to the Australian constitution in 1967.
These changes gave Aboriginal people full citizenship.
She also campaigned for Prime Minister Robert Menzies and his successor Harold Holt.
She wrote many books, beginning with We Are Going (1964), the first book to be published by an Aboriginal woman.
This first book of poetry was very successful, and Oodgeroo became one of Australia's best-selling poets.
Her writing contained strong political messages.
Oodgeroo described her own style as "sloganistic".
She wanted to show how proud she was of being an Aboriginal.
She wanted her writing to make people support equality and Aboriginal rights.
Oodgeroo won several literary awards, including the Mary Gilmore Medal (1970), the Jessie Litchfield Award (1975), and the Fellowship of Australian Writers' Award.
In 1972 she opened an educational centre in her hometown of Moongalba, on North Stradbroke Island.
The centre taught children about nature and Aboriginal culture.
Oodgeroo was made a member of the Order of the British Empire in 1970.
She returned it in 1987 to protest the Australian bicentenary celebrations and to make a political statement about social inequality in Australia.
"Oodgeroo Noonuccal Kath Walker 1920–1993" , online exhibition by the University of Queensland
Biographical entry at the National Foundation for Australian Women
Listen to a recording of Oodgeroo Noonuccal reading her poem 'We Are Going' on Australian Screen Online
The evaporation of sweat helps to cool the body down.
Also, in many mammals, the sweat contains a slight scent which other animals can notice.
An online educational or e-learning service is a website which teaches and helps students improve in certain subjects such as Maths, English and Science.
These are normally used by schools to let students learn from home and complete online homework.
Website owners who own good online educational services may charge schools to use these websites, however, many websites such as Bitesize, run by the BBC, are open to the public.
Technology-based E-learning requires the use of the internet and other essential tools to generate educational materials, educate learners, and administer courses in an organization.
E-learning is flexible when considering time, location, and health issues.
It increases the effectiveness of knowledge and skills by enabling access to a massive amount of data, and enhances collaboration, and also strengthens learning-sustaining relationships.
When students encounter a difficult topic or section, their first instinct would be to ask help from the instructor.
Because of this, communication methods are important for conducting online education.
Typically, teachers would give students their e-mail address for any questions or clarifications.
But with the many innovations of today’s online learning sites and web pages, there are other ways to communicate.
Then some online course platforms have their own chat apps.
Students and teachers can freely talk to each other in real-time for better communication.
The COVID-19 has resulted in schools shutting all across the world.
As a result, education has changed dramatically, with the distinctive rise of e-learning.
The Mexican West Coast Rattlesnake (Crotalus basiliscus), also known as the "Mexican Green Rattler" or the "Mexican West Coast Green Rattlesnake", is a type of venomous pit viper species.
The scientific name comes from the Greek word for 'King', basiliskos, because of the snakes large size and dangerous venom.
Currently, no subspecies are recognized.
The Mexican West Coast Rattlesnake is one of the largest rattlesnake species.
Ones which have the length of 150 centimetres (4.9 ft) are common, while the maximum size is reported to be 204.5 centimetres (6.71 ft).The young are mostly red but when they become adults their color changes to olive green or yellowish cream.
This snakes are found in western Mexico, from southern Sonora to Michoacán.
They live in areas which are treeless, are covered in short grass, thorny bushes and have plenty of cactus.
In the lowlands, these snakes are active during the raining, summer months and some have been found crossing the roads at night.
However some have been seen basking early in the morning.
It has been reported that the Mexican West Coast Rattlesnake can be tamed easily in zoos.
Pietro Metastasio (3 January 1698 – 12 April 1782) was a poet from Italy.
His real name was Antonio Domenico Bonaventura Trapassi.
He was born in Rome and died in Vienna.
For many years he was the poet laureate for the Holy Roman Emperor in Vienna.
He is most famous for his librettos (the story and words) for operas.
Many composers used them for their operas.
More than 800 operas have a libretto by Metastasio.
Metastasio was born in Rome in 1698.
His father came from Assisi, a city in the Umbria region of Italy.
His mother came from Bologna.
Metastasio's father, Felice Trapasso, was a soldier in the Pope's army.
Later he had a small shop in Rome.
When he was a small boy, Metastasio liked to make up poems and say them in the streets near his house.
His parents were poor and could not send him to school.
When he was 10 years old, they sent him to work for a goldsmith (a person who makes things out of gold).
One day a rich lawyer named Giovanni Vincenzo Gravina heard Metastasio saying his poems.
He adopted Metastasio and paid for him to go to school.
He also changed the boy's name to Pietro Metastasio.
Gravina died when Metastasio was 20 years old and left all his money to him.
Metastasio wrote a long poem in memory of his adopted father.
It was called  (The Road of Glory).
When he was a young man, Metatstasio worked as lawyer in Naples.
In those days, Naples was famous for its music and its beautiful opera houses.
In Naples, Metastasio took music lessons from the Italian composer, Nicola Porpora.
He liked to sing and to play the harpsichord.
He sometimes composed his own music too.
He also made money by writing poems for famous people's weddings and birthdays.
He wrote his first opera libretto in 1724.
It was called .
It told the story of Queen Dido and her love for Aeneas, a Trojan prince.
He stopped working as a lawyer and made all his money by writing librettos and poems.
Soon, he was famous all over Italy for his librettos.
Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor asked Metastasio to come to Vienna to work as his poet laureate.
In March 1730 Metastasio went to Vienna.
He wrote many more opera librettos for the emperor's theatre.
After the emperor died, Metastasio worked for the emperor's daughter Maria Theresa of Austria.
Metastasio died in 1782 at the house of his good friends, the Martinez family.
Metastasio was buried in St. Michael's Church in Vienna.
He left all of his money to the Martinez children.
There are monuments to Metastasio in Rome and in Vienna.
There are also theatres named after him in the Italian cities of Prato and Assisi.
During his long life Metastasio wrote many letters to his friends.
The English musician and writer, Charles Burney, translated Metastasio's letters into English.
In 1796, Burney used them to write a book about the life of Metastasio.
The book was called Memoirs of the Life and Writings of the Abate Metastasio.
Metastasio's librettos
Metastasio wrote 26 librettos for a style of opera called .
Many composers used them.
Some of his opera seria librettos are:
(1724).
Its title means Dido Abandoned.
It tells the story of Dido, the first queen of Carthage, and her unhappy love for Aeneas.
This was Metastasio's first libretto.
The first opera to use this libretto was composed by Domenico Sarro.
In the next 100 years more than 40 operas by other composers used this libretto.
(1728).
It tells the story of Flavius Aetius, a Roman general in the 5th century.
Ezio is the Italian name for Aetius.
Some of the many composers who used this libretto for their operas are George Frideric Handel, Christoph Willibald Gluck, and Nicola Porpora.
Porpora was the first composer to use this libretto.
(1733).
It tells the story of Siroes, a king of Persia in the 7th century.
George Frideric Handel, Antonio Vivaldi, and many other composers used this libretto
(1734).
The title means The Mercy of Titus.
It tells the story of Titus a Roman emperor in the 1st century.
This libretto was used many times.
The most famous opera using it is La Clemenza di Tito composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.
(1736).
Its title means Achilles in Skyros.
It tells the story of the Ancient Greek hero, Achilles.
When Achilles was a young man, he lived on the Greek island of Skyros.
Antonio Caldara was the first composer to use this libretto.
His opera was performed in Vienna on 13 February 1736 to celebrate the wedding of Maria Theresa of Austria to Francis, Duke of Lorraine.
The next year, Domenico Sarro composed an opera using this libretto.
Sarro's opera was performed to celebrate the opening of the new Teatro di San Carlo in Naples.
Another composer who used this libretto was Giovanni Paisiello.
Metastasio also wrote librettos for other types of stories set to music.
They were used for cantatas, oratorios, ballets and a special type of short opera called an .
An azione mostly tells a happy or funny story.
They were  performed at royal courts to celebrate weddings, birthdays and special anniversaries.
One azione by Metastasio was called .
The title means Cupid Wins.
It was performed at the Schönbrunn Palace in 1765 to celebrate the wedding of Maria Theresa of Austria's son, Joseph II.
Maria Theresa's younger children all sang and danced in .
Encyclopedia Britannica. "
Pietro Metastasio"
Enciclopedia Italiana. "
Metastasio, Pietro".
Grove, George (1900).
A Dictionary of Music and Musicians (A.D. 1450-1889), Volume 2, pp.
315–316.
Randel, Don (1996). "
Metastasio, Pietro", The Harvard Biographical Dictionary of Music, pp.
583–584.
Memoirs of the Life and Writings of the Abate Metastasio by Charles Burney: Volume 1, Volume 2, Volume 3
Metastasio's opera librettos on the website of the Metastasio Project at the University of Padua
Handbook for Metastasio Research at the University of Western Ontario
Cape Breton Regional Municipality often shortened to simply CBRM, is a regional municipality in Nova Scotia's Cape Breton County.
Regional municipalities in Nova Scotia
India Wildlife Resorts -  National Park
Exotique Expeditions - Nokrek National Park
WebIndia123 - National parks of Meghalaya
Eric Sykes CBE (4 May 1923 – 4 July 2012) was a British actor, comedian, writer and director.
Sykes worked mostly on radio and television.
He and Hattie Jacques starred in Sykes and A..., Sykes and a Big, Big Show and Sykes.
Andrew Russell Garfield (born August 20, 1983) is an American-English actor.
He is best known for his role as Peter Parker in the 2012 movie The Amazing Spider-Man, its sequel The Amazing Spider-Man 2 and the MCU movie Spider-Man: No Way Home.
He was born in Los Angeles, California and was raised in Epsom, Surrey.
Garfield began his career on the UK stage and in television productions.
In 2018, he won a Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play for his role as Prior Walter in Angels in America.
In 2022, he won a Golden Globe Award for his role as Jonathan Larson in Tick, Tick... Boom!.
Nestlé is the world's largest food producer, by revenue.
It was formed in the 1950s, when two companies merged.
At the start in the 1860s, the company produced soluble milk that could be given to infants and babies.
From about the 1930s, Nestlé also produced soluble coffee.
In 2010, Nestle's revenue was about 109 billion Swiss Francs, and its net profit was about 32 billion Swiss Francs.
Nestlé currently owns over 2000 brands.
They own brands that manufacture coffee, bottled water, milkshakes and other beverages, breakfast cereals, infant foods, performance and healthcare nutrition, seasonings, soups and sauces, frozen and refrigerated foods, and pet food.
Nestlé Bear Brand
Bear Brand is a powdered milk.
It was introduced in 1976.
It was owned by Nestlé.
It is a sterilized milk brand.
The sterilized milk was introduced in 1906.
The powdered milk was introduced in 1976.
It is #6 among the top 50 "most popular fast-moving consumer goods" in the Philippines.
Infant formula products
Food that is made to be used instead of breast milk is known as infant formula.
There are many laws that regulate how infant formula products should be marketed.
Nestlé's soluble milk is a product that falls under this definition.
In the 1970s, Nestlé marketed its soluble milk to mothers with infants.
This was also done in developing countries.
The marketing campaign led to a boycott known as Nestlé boycott, which is still ongoing.
In 1981, the World Health Organisation published a guideline for advertising infant formula products.
Nestlé is being critizised because supposedly it does not respect this code of conduct.
Nestlé's policy states that breast-milk is the best food for infants, and that women who cannot or choose not to breast feed need an alternative to ensure that their babies are getting the nutrition they need.
The problem is that mothers who stop breastfeeding will not be able to start again, after some time.
They will become dependent on infant formula products to feed their babies.
Child Labour
The 2010 documentary The Dark Side of Chocolate found that Nestlé purchases cocoa beans from Ivory Coast plantations that use child slave labour.
Most children are between twelve and fifteen years old.
Some are trafficked from nearby countries.
The first allegations that child slavery is used in cocoa production appeared in 1998.
In late 2000, a BBC documentary reported the use of enslaved children in the production of cocoa in
Other media also reported widespread child slavery and child trafficking in the production of cocoa.
In September 2001, Bradley Alford, Chairman and CEO of Nestlé USA, signed the Harkin-Engel Protocol.
The Harkin-Engel Protocol is an international agreement aimed at ending child labour in the production of cocoa.
It is commonly called the Cocoa protocol.
In convention 182, the  International Labor Organization defines what it calls the "worst forms of child labour".
The Harkin-Engel protocol specified a deadline in 2005, to eliminate these from cocoa production.
Because the cocoa industry did not meet this deadline, a lawsuit was filed against Nestlé and others on behalf of three Malian children.
The suit alleged the children were trafficked to the Ivory Coast, forced into slavery, and were frequently beaten on a cocoa plantation.
In September 2010, the US District Court for the Central District of California found that corporations cannot be held liable for violations of international law and dismissed the suit.
The case was appealed to the US Court of Appeals.
Cardiff Central railway station is a main train station in Cardiff, the capital city of Wales.
It is on the South Wales Main Line.
The station is managed by Arriva Trains Wales.
Arriva run services along with First Great Western and CrossCountry.
Railway stations in Wales
Coddenham is a village and civil parish in Mid Suffolk, Suffolk, England.
In 2001, there were 521 people living in Coddenham.
Debenham is a village and civil parish in Mid Suffolk, Suffolk, England.
In 2001, there were 1874 people living in Debenham.
Village website
Barking is a village and civil parish in Mid Suffolk, Suffolk, England.
In 2001, there were 440 people living in Barking.
Laxfield is a village and civil parish in Mid Suffolk, Suffolk, England.
In 2001, there were 872 people living in Laxfield.
Gosbeck is a village and civil parish in Mid Suffolk, Suffolk, England.
In 2001, there were 218 people living in Gosbeck.
Otley is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2001, there were 665 people living in Otley.
Orford is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2001, there were 658 people living in Orford.
Alderton is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2001, there were 421 people living in Alderton.
Yoxford is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2001, there were 695 people living in Yoxford.
Trimley St. Martin is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2001, there were 1,945 people living in Trimley St. Martin.
Saxmundham is a town and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2001, there were 2712 people living in Saxmundham.
In 2011 the population was estimated by Suffolk County Council to be 3760.
There are two schools in Saxmundham: Saxmundham Primary School and Saxmundham Free School.
Ufford is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2001, there were 808 people living in Ufford.
Trimley St. Mary is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2001, there were 3672 people living in Trimley St. Mary.
Rendlesham is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2001, there were 1635 people living in Rendlesham.
Rendlesham Forest incident
Dunwich is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2001, there were 84 people living in Dunwich.
Dunwich was a large medieval town and port.
For hundreds of years, the North Sea has destroyed the land on the coast.
This process is called coastal erosion.
Because of this, over 90% of the buildings have been lost.
Grundisburgh is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2001, there were 1472 people living in Grundisburgh.
Tunstall is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2011, there were 6,232 people living in Tunstall.
Martlesham is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2001, there were 5501 people living in Martlesham.
Butley is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2001, there were 201 people living in Butley.
Thorrington is a village and civil parish in Tendring, Essex, England.
In 2001 there were 1063 people living in Thorrington.
http://www.essexinfo.net/thorringtonparishcouncil/
St. Osyth is a village and civil parish in Tendring, Essex, England.
In 2001 there were 4119 people living in St. Osyth.
Great Oakley is a village and civil parish in Tendring, Essex, England.
In 2001 there were 1012 people living in Great Oakley.
http://www.great-oakley.co.uk/
Tendring is a village and civil parish in Tendring district, Essex, England.
In 2001 there were 679 people living in Tendring.
Great Bromley is a village and civil parish in Tendring, Essex, England.
In 2001 there were 1130 people living in Great Bromley.
http://www.greatbromley.org.uk/
Little Bentley is a village and civil parish in Tendring, Essex, England.
In 2001 there were 312 people living in Little Bentley.
Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore () is a private university in Milan, Italy.
It was started on December 7, 1921.
Elmstead is a village and civil parish in Tendring, Essex, England.
In 2001 there were 1898 people living in Elmstead.
Little Bromley is a village and civil parish in Tendring, Essex, England.
In 2001 there were 289 people living in Little Bromley.
http://www.essexchurches.info/church.asp?p=little+bromley
Dedham is a village and civil parish in Colchester borough, Essex, England.
In 2001 there were 1852 people living in Dedham.
Layer-de-la-Haye is a village and civil parish in Colchester borough, Essex, England.
In 2001 there were 1868 people living in Layer-de-la-Haye.
Marks Tey is a village and civil parish in Colchester borough, Essex, England.
In 2001 there were 2566 people living in Marks Tey.
Marks Tey is a growing community on the A120 and right next to the A12 with a station with links to London.
This means the village is favoured by commuters but has recently started developing within its own right.
Copford is a village and civil parish in Colchester borough, Essex, England.
In 2001 there were 1643 people living in Copford.
Silver End is a small village in England.
It is in Essex, between the towns of Braintree and Witham.
It was started by Francis Henry Crittall, who wanted it to be a model village.
Crittall started a factory in Silver End for his company, Crittall Windows Ltd. The factory made parts for metal windows.
Shalford is a village and civil parish in Braintree district, Essex, England.
In 2001 there were 746 people living in Shalford.
Great Bardfield is a village and civil parish in Braintree district, Essex, England.
In 2001 there were 1238 people living in Great Bardfield.
Henham is a village and civil parish in Uttlesford, Essex, England.
In 2001 there were 1161 people living in Henham.
Great Chesterford is a village and civil parish in Uttlesford, Essex, England.
In 2001 there were 1424 people living in Great Chesterford.
Great Sampford is a village and civil parish in Uttlesford, Essex, England.
In 2001 there were 509 people living in Great Sampford.
Rayne is a village and civil parish in Braintree district, Essex, England.
In 2001 there were 2162 people living in Rayne.
The Syrian Desert () is a dry, flat land area in northern Saudi Arabia, eastern Jordan, southern Syria, and western Iraq.
Geography of Syria
The station has main trains to Paddington, Cardiff Central and the South Coast of England.
There are also trains towards Taunton.
South Western Railway have services to London Waterloo.
There are trains to Plymouth and Penzance, and to Birmingham, Manchester and Scotland.
In November 2012, Network Rail announced a £100 million redevelopment of the station, with two unused platforms to be opened up.
Nullarbor Plain (Latin: nullus, "no", and arbor, "tree") is an area of flat, dry land in southern Australia on the coastline of the Great Australian Bight.
It is the world's largest single piece of limestone, and occupies an area of about .
At its widest point, it stretches about  from east to west between South Australia (SA) and Western Australia (WA).
The name comes from the Latin words meaning "no trees".
Bolam, A. G. (Anthony Gladstone), 1893–1966.
The trans-Australian wonderland  Melbourne : Modern Printing, (many editions in the early 20th century)
Edmonds, Jack  (1976) Nullarbor crossing : with panorama  photographs by Brian Gordon.
West Australian Newspapers, Periodicals Division.
Nullarbor Net
Information about crossing the Nullarbor
André Franquin (3 January 1924 – 5 January 1997) was a Belgian comics artist.
His best known comic strip creations are Gaston and Marsupilami.
He made these when he worked on the Spirou et Fantasio comic strip from 1947 to 1969.
This time is seen by many as the series' golden age.
1974: First Grand Prix de la ville d'Angoulême, France
1980: Adamson Award, Sweden
1985: Best Long Comic Strip at the Haxtur Awards, Spain, for QRN sur Bretzelburg
1987: Grand Prix for the Graphic Arts at the Angoulême International Comics Festival
1996: Special Prize for outstanding life’s work at the Max & Moritz Prizes in Erlangen, Germany
Edgard Félix Pierre Jacobs (30 March 1904 – 20 February 1987), better known under his pen name Edgar P. Jacobs, was a Belgian comic book writer and artist.
Jacobs was one of the founding fathers of the European comics movement.
He worked with Hergé on the graphic novel series that made him famous, Blake and Mortimer.
Edgar Pierre Jacobs was born in Brussels in 1904.
In 1919 he graduated from school.
He took on odd jobs at the opera, including decoration, scenography, and painting.
Sometimes he worked as an extra.
In 1929 he received the annual Belgian government medal for excellence in classical singing.
In 1940 Jacobs turned permanently to illustration.
He drew commercial illustrations and collaborated in the Bravo review until 1946.
The American comic strip Flash Gordon was not allowed in Belgium by the German forces during World War II.
He was asked to write an end to the comic.
But German censorship stopped this after only a couple of weeks.
Jacobs then published in Bravo his first comic strip, Le Rayon U (The U Ray).
This was in the same Flash Gordon style.
Around this time, he became a stage painter for a theatre adaptation for Hergé's Cigars of the Pharaoh.
This led to friendship with Hergé.
As a direct result, he helped Hergé in colorizing the black and white strips of The Shooting Star to be ready for book publication in 1942.
From 1944 on he helped in the recasting of his earlier albums Tintin in the Congo, Tintin in America, King Ottokar's Sceptre and  The Blue Lotus for color book publication.
After the project, he continued to contribute directly in the drawing as well as the storyline for the new Tintin double-albums The Seven Crystal Balls/Prisoners of the Sun.
Jacobs, as a fan of opera, decided to take Hergé with him to a concert.
Hergé did not like opera, however, and for decades he would gently joke with his friend Jacobs through opera singer Bianca Castafiore, a supporting character in The Adventures of Tintin.
Hergé also gave him tiny cameo roles in Tintin adventures, sometimes under the name Jacobini.