the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
In mathematics, sets can be used to make new sets.
Given two sets A and B, the Cartesian product of A with B is written as A × B, and is the set of all ordered pairs whose first element is a member of A, and whose second element is a member of B.
For example, let A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {a, b}.
Robert Clark Gregg (born April 2, 1962) is an American director, screenwriter, actor and voice artist.
He has acted in both television and movies.
Gregg is known for his role as Phil Coulson in Iron Man, Iron Man 2, Thor, and The Avengers.
Gregg was born in Boston, Massachusetts.
Gregg has been married to Jennifer Grey since 2001.
They have a daughter, Stella Gregg.
Jacoba Francisca Maria Smulders (born April 3, 1982) is a Canadian-American model, actress and voice artist.
She played Robin Scherbatsky in the TV series How I Met Your Mother.
She plays Maria Hill in the Marvel Cinematic Universe.
Smulders was born in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Smulders has been married to Taran Killam since 2012.
They have two daughters, Shaelyn Cado Killam (born 2009) and Janita Mae Killam (born 2015).
In mathematics, a magma is kind of algebraic structure.
It is a set with a binary operation on that set.
If we give the set a label (such as X) and the binary operation a label (such as •).
Then we give the magma the label (X, •).
The natural numbers with addition form a magma.
Because the set of natural numbers is written as  and addition is written as  the magma is written as .
The name of the magma would be "The natural numbers under addition".
The integers with multiplication form a magma.
Because the set of integers is written as  and multiplication (in abstract mathematics) is written as  the magma is written as .
The name of the magma would be "The integers under multiplication".
The real numbers under division do not form a magma.
This is because numbers cannot be divided by 0.
A binary operation requires that any two elements can be taken from the set (in this case in order) to produce another element from the set.
The real numbers without 0 is written as .
It can be shown that the  is a magma.
Joseph Maher (December 29 1933 - July 17 1998) was an Irish-American movie, television, voice, and stage actor.
He is best known from his acting in the television series Goode Behavior and the movies Heaven Can Wait, Mars Attacks and Sister Act.
He played the character Mr. Chambers in 1984 short Frankenweenie.
Maher won a Drama Desk Award in 1986.
Maher was born in Westport, County Mayo, Ireland on December 29, 1933.
Maher was openly gay.
He was a naturalized US citizen.
Maher died on July 17, 1998 in Los Angeles, California from a brain tumor.
He was 64 years old when he died.
Toby Edward Heslewood Jones (born 7 September 1966) is an English actor.
He is known for his roles as Arnim Zola in Captain America: The First Avenger, Dobby in Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets and Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, as Claudius Templesmith in The Hunger Games, Irving Paul Lazar in Frost/Nixon, as Percy Alleline in Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy, as Gunnar in Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom and as Owl in the 2018 Disney movie Christopher Robin.
Dianne Feinstein, born Dianne Emiel Goldman, (born June 22, 1933) is the senior United States Senator from California.
She is a member of the U.S. Democratic Party and has been in Senate since November 4, 1992.
She was also the 38th Mayor in San Francisco from 1978 to 1988.
Feinstein is of Polish-German-Russian-Jewish descent.
John Arthur Lithgow (born October 19, 1945) is an American movie, stage, voice, television actor, poet, author, and musician.
He began acting in 1972.
He was in the movies The World According to Garp, Footloose, Terms of Endearment, Shrek, Rise of the Planet of the Apes, and in The Campaign.
Lithgow was nominated for an Academy Award for each movie.
He played Arthur Mitchell on Showtime's Dexter and won Golden Globe and Emmy Awards for his acting.
He played the protagonist Dick Solomon in sitcom 3rd Rock from the Sun.
Lithgow was born on October 19, 1945 in Rochester, New York and studied at Harvard University.
Lithgow was married to Jean Tayton from 1966 until they divorced in 1980.
Lithgow has been married to Mary Yeager since 1981.
Lithgow has three children, Ian, Phoebe, and Nathan Lithgow.
Paul Xavier Gleason (May 4, 1939 – May 27, 2006) was an American movie, television, voice, and stage actor who is known for his role as Dwayne T. Robinson in the 1988 action movie Die Hard.
Gleason was born in Jersey City, New Jersey on May 4, 1939 and raised in Uleta, Florida.
Gleason was married to Candy Moore from 1971 until they divorced in 1978.
Later, he was married to Susan Kehl from 1995 until his death in 2006.
Gleason died on May 27, 2006 from lung cancer in a hospital in Burbank, California.
He was 67 years old.
Photos of burial place at Findagrave
Reginald VelJohnson, Jr. (born August 16, 1952) is an American writer and actor who is known for his role as Sgt.
Al Powell in Die Hard and Die Hard 2.
VelJohnson was born in Queens, New York on August 16, 1952 and studied at New York University.
David Samuel Goyer (born December 22, 1965) is an American screenwriter, movie director, and a book and comics writer.
Goyer is known for his work on Batman Begins, The Dark Knight, and The Dark Knight Rises.
He also worked on the movie Man of Steel.
Goyer was born in Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Jet is a geological material considered to be a minor gemstone.
It is originally a wood product called lignite, squeezed and heated by geological processes.
The older definition of mineral did not apply to organic material.
Therefore, jet was not called a mineral, but instead a mineraloid.
However, this view is changing, as so many crystalline materials have organic origin.
The English noun "jet" comes from the French word for the same material: jaiet.
Jet is either black or dark brown, but may contain pyrite inclusions, which are of brassy colour and metallic lustre.
The adjective jet-black, meaning as dark a black as possible, comes from this material.
Sylvia Sidney (born Sophia Kosow; August 8, 1910 – July 1, 1999) was an American movie, television, voice, and stage actress who is known for her role in the crime-drama movies.
She is also known for playing Florence Norris in Mars Attacks!
and as Juno in Beetlejuice.
Sidney won a Golden Globe Award and a Saturn Award.
Sidney was born in The Bronx, New York on August 8, 1910 to Russian-Jewish immigrant parents.
Sidney was married to writer Bennett Cerf from 1935 until they divorced in 1936.
She married actor-director Luther Adler in 1938.
The couple had a son named Jacob (1939–1987), and divorced in 1946.
She was married to Carlton Alsop from 1947 until they divorced in 1951.
Sidney died on July 1, 1999 in New York City from throat cancer.
William Glenn Shadix (April 15, 1952 – Septmber 7, 2010) was an American movie, television, and voice actor who is known for his role as Otho in Beetlejuice and as the Mayor of Halloween Town in The Nightmare Before Christmas.
Shadix was born on April 15, 1952 in Bessemer, Alabama and studied at Birmingham-Southern College.
Shadix was openly gay.
Shadix died on September 7, 2010 from a blunt trauma in his Birmingham, Alabama home after he accidentally fell.
He was 58 years old.
Albert Leslie Cochran (June 24, 1951 – March 8, 2012) was an American activist and homeless man.
Cochran is known for his activism on the city of Austin, Texas.
He might have created the motto "Keep Austin Weird".
Cochran was born in Miami, Florida on June 24, 1951.
He was married from 1985 through 1986.
On October 1, 2009, police officers found him unconscious outdoors.
He was taken to the University Medical Center Brackenridge in critical condition.
He claimed he was attacked by a group of people after commenting about the dangers of drug abuse.
Photos of Leslie throughout the years , Austin American-Statesman
In Memoriam: Leslie Cochran, 1951-2012 (KUT News)
"'Leslie', Austin's icon of weird, dies" , KXAN reportage
Leslie Cochran's grave
The Great Oxygenation Event (GOE) was the introduction of free oxygen into our atmosphere.
It was caused by cyanobacteria doing photosynthesis.
It took a very long time, from about three billion years ago to about one billion years ago.
Photosynthesis was producing oxygen both before and after the GOE.
The difference was that before the GOE, organic matter and dissolved iron chemically captured any free oxygen.
Earth has much iron, and iron has higher solubility than its oxides, so the oceans had much dissolved iron.
It became iron oxide and made huge deposits as banded iron rock from the Archaean and Proterozoic eras.
When not enough iron remained to capture more oxygen, free oxygen accumulated in the atmosphere.
This was the GOE.
Oxygen was toxic to most of the Earth's anaerobic inhabitants at the time.
As cyanobacteria produced oxygen, and built their stromatolites, they changed the environment for other protists.
Since the other protists had no way to deal with oxygen, most would have become extinct.
Another consequence was the effect of free oxygen on atmospheric methane, a greenhouse gas.
The reaction removed the methane and caused the Huronian glaciation, possibly the longest snowball Earth episode ever.
Free oxygen has been an important part of the atmosphere ever since.
The evidence is that free oxygen was first produced by photosynthetic organisms (prokaryotic, later eukaryotic) which emitted oxygen as a waste product.
These organisms lived long before the GOE, perhaps 3500 million years ago (mya).
The oxygen they produced would have quickly been removed from the atmosphere by the 'mass rusting' which led to the deposition of banded-iron formations.
Oxygen only began to persist in the atmosphere in small quantities shortly (~50 million years) before the start of the GOE.
Without a draw-down, oxygen would accumulate very rapidly.
At today's rates of photosynthesis (which are much greater than those in the land-plant-free Precambrian), modern atmospheric O2 levels could be produced in around 2,000 years.
3,500 mya Archaean eon: production of oxygen by cyanobacteria in stromatolites.
Oxygen causes deposit of iron as iron oxides in banded iron formations.
c. 2,400 mya Palaeoproterozoic era: free oxygen escapes into atmosphere, mostly absorbed on the land.
c. 850 mya Neoproterozoic era: oxygen starts to accumulate in the atmosphere.
Continues to increase during the Palaeozoic era to present levels.
Edmund John Kellaway (September 26, 1877 – September 6, 1959) was an English movie, television, and stage actor who is known for his role as Santa Claus in Miracle on 34th Street.
Gwenn won an Academy Award and two Golden Globe Awards.
Gwenn was born in Wandsworth, London, England on September 26, 1877.
He studied at St. Olave's School and King's College London.
Gwenn was married to Minnie Terry for one day in 1901.
They divorced the same day they married.
Gwenn died on September 6, 1959 from pneumonia cause by a stroke in his Woodland Hills, Los Angeles home, aged 81.
Pete van Wieren (October 7, 1944 – August 2, 2014) was a former American sportscaster.
He was the voice of Major League Baseball's Atlanta Braves along with Skip Caray.
He also called games for the Atlanta Hawks, Atlanta Falcons preseason, and Atlanta Flames.
Van Wieren also was employed for Turner Sports calling college football games on TBS and NBA games for TNT and TBS.
He unexpectedly announced his retirement in 2008 after the death of fellow broadcaster Skip Caray.
Early in 2010, Van Wieren was diagnosed with lymphoma.
Van Wieren died from the disease in Atlanta, Georgia, aged 69.
He currently calls golf tournaments for NBC.
He also is a fill-in for Notre Dame Football on NBC when Tom Hammond is not there.
Hicks called swimming and figure skating in the Olympics.
He called NFL games for NBC, as well as NBA games.
Hicks called the 2012 Pro Bowl with analysts Mike Mayock and Doug Flutie and sideline reporters Alex Flanagan and Randy Moss.
In the 2012 preseason game between the Indianapolis Colts and Pittsburgh Steelers, Hicks called an NFL game for the first time since 1997.
Hicks filled in for Al Michaels because Michaels took a break after anchoring the 2012 London Summer Olympics.
The List of Nobel Prize winners by country   includes 930 people.
Some prizes were shared by two or three people; and 25 awards were made to organizations.
César Milstein*, Physiology or Medicine, 1984
Adolfo Pérez Esquivel, Peace, 1980
Luis Federico Leloir, Chemistry, 1970
Bernardo Houssay, Physiology or Medicine, 1947
Carlos Saavedra Lamas, Peace, 1936
Brian Schmidt, born in the United States, Physics, 2011
Elizabeth Blackburn*, Physiology or Medicine, 2009
Barry Marshall, Physiology or Medicine, 2005
J. Robin Warren, Physiology or Medicine, 2005
Peter C. Doherty, Physiology or Medicine, 1996
Rolf Zinkernagel, Physiology or Medicine, 1996
John Cornforth*, Chemistry, 1975
Patrick White, born in the United Kingdom, Literature, 1973
John Carew Eccles, Physiology or Medicine, 1963
Sir Frank Macfarlane Burnet, Physiology or Medicine, 1960
Howard Florey, Physiology or Medicine, 1945
William Lawrence Bragg, Physics, 1915
Peter Handke, Literature, 2019
Martin Karplus*, Chemistry, 2013
International Atomic Energy Agency, Peace, 2005
Elfriede Jelinek, Literature, 2004
Eric Kandel*, Physiology or Medicine, 2000
Walter Kohn*, Chemistry, 1998
Friedrich Hayek, Economics, 1974
Konrad Lorenz, Physiology or Medicine, 1973
Karl von Frisch*, Physiology or Medicine, 1973
Max Perutz, Chemistry, 1962
Wolfgang Pauli, Physics, 1945
Richard Kuhn*, Chemistry, 1938
Otto Loewi, born in Germany, Physiology or Medicine, 1936
Victor Francis Hess, Physics, 1936
Erwin Schrödinger, Physics, 1933
Karl Landsteiner, Physiology or Medicine, 1930
Julius Wagner-Jauregg, Physiology or Medicine, 1927
Richard Adolf Zsigmondy, Chemistry, 1925
Fritz Pregl, born in Austria-Hungary, now Slovenia, Chemistry, 1923
Róbert Bárány, Physiology or Medicine, 1914
Alfred Hermann Fried, Peace, 1911
Bertha von Suttner, born in the Austrian Empire, now Czech Republic, Peace, 1905
Muhammad Yunus, Peace, 2006
Svetlana Alexievich, Literature, 2015
Zhores Alferov*, Physics, 2000
François Englert, Physics, 2013
Ilya Prigogine, born in Russia, Chemistry, 1977
Christian de Duve, born in the United Kingdom, Physiology or Medicine, 1974
Albert Claude, Physiology or Medicine, 1974
Dominique Pire, Peace, 1958
Corneille Heymans, Physiology or Medicine, 1938
Jules Bordet, Physiology or Medicine, 1919
Henri La Fontaine, Peace, 1913
Maurice Maeterlinck, Literature, 1911
Auguste Beernaert, Peace, 1909
Institut de Droit International, Peace, 1904
Ivo Andrić*, Ethnic Croat and national born in Condominium of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Austro-Hungarian Empire (now Bosnia and Herzegovina), Literature,  1961
Vladimir Prelog*, Ethnic Croat and national born in Condominium of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Austro-Hungarian Empire (now Bosnia and Herzegovina), Chemistry, 1975
Peter Medawar*, Physiology or Medicine, 1960
Elias Canetti*, Literature, 1981
Jim Peebles, Physics, 2019
Donna Strickland, Physics, 2018
Arthur B. McDonald, Physics, 2015
Alice Munro, Literature, 2013
Ralph M. Steinman, Physiology or Medicine, 2011
Willard S. Boyle*, Physics, 2009
Jack W. Szostak, born in the United Kingdom, Physiology or Medicine, 2009
Robert Mundell, Economics, 1999
Myron Scholes*, Economics, 1997
William Vickrey*, Economics, 1996
Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs, Peace, 1995
Bertram Brockhouse, Physics, 1994
Michael Smith, born in the United Kingdom, Chemistry, 1993
Rudolph A. Marcus*, Chemistry, 1992
Richard E. Taylor, Physics, 1990
Sidney Altman*, Chemistry, 1989
John Polanyi, born in Germany, Chemistry, 1986
Henry Taube*, Chemistry, 1983
David H. Hubel*, Physiology or Medicine, 1981
Saul Bellow*, Literature, 1976
Gerhard Herzberg, born in Germany, Chemistry, 1971
Charles B. Huggins*, Physiology or Medicine, 1966
Lester B. Pearson, Peace, 1957
William Giauque*, Chemistry, 1949
Frederick G. Banting, Physiology or Medicine, 1923
John James Rickard Macleod, born in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Physiology or Medicine, 1923
Ernest Rutherford, born in New Zealand, Chemistry, 1908
Pablo Neruda, Literature, 1971
Gabriela Mistral, Literature, 1945
Charles K. Kao*, Physics, 2009
Daniel C. Tsui*, Physics, 1998
Chen-Ning Yang, Physics, 1957
Tsung-Dao Lee, Physics, 1957
China, People's Republic
Tu Youyou, Physiology or Medicine, 2015
Mo Yan, Literature, 2012
Liu Xiaobo, Peace, 2010
Gao Xingjian*, Literature, 2000
Juan Manuel Santos Calderón, Peace, 2016
Gabriel García Márquez, Literature, 1982
Denis Mukwege, Peace, 2018
Óscar Arias Sánchez, Peace, 1987
Leopold Ružička*, Ethnic Croat and national born in the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia, Austro-Hungarian Empire (now Croatia), Chemistry, 1939
Christopher A. Pissarides*, Economics, 2010
Peter Grünberg*, born in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, now Czech Republic, Physics, 2007
Jaroslav Seifert, born in Prague, Austria-Hungary, now Czech Republic, Literature, 1984
Jaroslav Heyrovský, born in Prague, Austria-Hungary, now Czech Republic, Chemistry, 1959
Carl Ferdinand Cori*, born in Prague, Austria-Hungary, now Czech Republic, Physiology or Medicine, 1947
Gerty Cori*, born in Prague, Austria-Hungary, now Czech Republic, Physiology or Medicine, 1947
Bertha von Suttner*, born in Prague, Austria-Hungary, now Czech Republic, Peace, 1905
Jens Christian Skou, Chemistry, 1997
Niels Kaj Jerne, born in United Kingdom, Physiology or Medicine, 1984
Aage Bohr, Physics, 1975
Ben Roy Mottelson,  born in United States, Physics, 1975
Johannes V. Jensen, Literature, 1944
Henrik Dam, Physiology or Medicine, 1943
Johannes Fibiger, Physiology or Medicine, 1926
Niels Bohr, Physics, 1922
August Krogh, Physiology or Medicine, 1920
Karl Adolph Gjellerup, Literature, 1917
Henrik Pontoppidan, Literature, 1917
Fredrik Bajer, Peace, 1908
Niels Ryberg Finsen, born in Faroe Islands, Physiology or Medicine, 1903
Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo, Peace, 1996
José Ramos-Horta, Peace, 1996
Mohamed ElBaradei, Peace, 2005
Ahmed Zewail, Chemistry, 1999
Naguib Mahfouz, Literature, 1988
Anwar Sadat, Peace, 1978
Niels Ryberg Finsen*, Physiology or Medicine, 1903
Bengt R. Holmström, Economics, 2016
Martti Ahtisaari, Peace, 2008
Ragnar Granit, born in the Grand Duchy of Finland, a part of the Russian Empire in 1809–1917, Physiology or Medicine, 1967
Artturi Ilmari Virtanen, born in the Grand Duchy of Finland, a part of the Russian Empire in 1809–1917, Chemistry, 1945
Frans Eemil Sillanpää, born in the Grand Duchy of Finland, a part of the Russian Empire in 1809–1917, Literature, 1939
Emmanuelle Charpentier, Chemistry, 2020
Esther Duflo, Economics, 2019
Gérard Mourou, Physics, 2018
Jean-Pierre Sauvage, Chemistry, 2016
Jean Tirole, Economics, 2014
Patrick Modiano, Literature, 2014
Serge Haroche, born in Morocco, then under French protectorate, Physics, 2012
Jules A. Hoffmann, born in Luxembourg, Physiology or Medicine, 2011
J. M. G. Le Clézio, Literature, 2008
Luc Montagnier, Physiology or Medicine, 2008
Françoise Barré-Sinoussi, Physiology or Medicine, 2008
Albert Fert, Physics, 2007
Yves Chauvin, Chemistry, 2005
Gao Xingjian, born in China, Literature, 2000
Médecins Sans Frontières, Peace, 1999
Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, born in French Algeria, Physics, 1997
Georges Charpak, born in then Poland (Second Polish Republic), now Ukraine, Physics, 1992
Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, Physics, 1991
Maurice Allais, Economics, 1988
Jean-Marie Lehn, Chemistry, 1987
Claude Simon, Literature, 1985
Gérard Debreu, Economics, 1983
Jean Dausset, Physiology or Medicine, 1980
Roger Guillemin*, Physiology or Medicine, 1977
Seán MacBride*, Peace, 1974
Louis Néel, Physics, 1970
Luis Federico Leloir*, Chemistry, 1970
René Cassin, Peace, 1968
Alfred Kastler, Physics, 1966
François Jacob, Physiology or Medicine, 1965
Jacques Monod, Physiology or Medicine, 1965
André Lwoff, Physiology or Medicine, 1965
Jean-Paul Sartre, Literature, 1964 (declined the prize)
Saint-John Perse, Literature, 1960
Albert Camus, born in French Algeria, Literature, 1957
André Frédéric Cournand, Physiology or Medicine, 1956
François Mauriac, Literature, 1952
Albert Schweitzer, born in Alsace, then in Germany, Peace, 1952
Léon Jouhaux, Peace, 1951
André Gide, Literature, 1947
Roger Martin du Gard, Literature, 1937
Frédéric Joliot-Curie, Chemistry, 1935
Irène Joliot-Curie, Chemistry, 1935
Ivan Bunin, born in Russia, Literature, 1933
Louis de Broglie, Physics, 1929
Charles Nicolle, Physiology or Medicine, 1928
Henri Bergson, Literature, 1927
Ferdinand Buisson, Peace, 1927
Aristide Briand, Peace, 1926
Jean Baptiste Perrin, Physics, 1926
Anatole France, Literature, 1921
Léon Bourgeois, Peace, 1920
Romain Rolland, Literature, 1915
Alfred Werner*, Chemistry, 1913
Charles Richet, Physiology or Medicine, 1913
Alexis Carrel, Physiology or Medicine, 1912
Paul Sabatier, Chemistry, 1912
Victor Grignard, Chemistry, 1912
Marie Curie, born in partitioned Poland (Russian Empire), Chemistry, 1911
Paul-Henri-Benjamin d'Estournelles de Constant, Peace, 1909
Gabriel Lippmann, born in Luxembourg, Physics, 1908
Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran, Physiology or Medicine, 1907
Louis Renault, Peace, 1907
Henri Moissan, Chemistry, 1906
Frédéric Mistral, Literature, 1904
Antoine Henri Becquerel, Physics, 1903
Pierre Curie, Physics, 1903
Marie Curie, born in partitioned Poland (Russian Empire), Physics, 1903
Henry Dunant, Peace, 1901 (Dunant was Swiss)
Frédéric Passy, Peace, 1901
Sully Prudhomme, Literature, 1901
Reinhard Genzel, Physics, 2020
Joachim Frank, Chemistry, 2017
Rainer Weiss*, Physics, 2017
Stefan Hell, born in Romania, Chemistry, 2014
Thomas C. Südhof, Physiology or Medicine, 2013
Herta Müller, born in Romania, Literature, 2009
Harald zur Hausen, Physiology or Medicine, 2008
Gerhard Ertl, Chemistry, 2007
Peter Grünberg, born in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, now the Czech Republic, Physics, 2007
Theodor W. Hänsch, Physics, 2005
Wolfgang Ketterle, Physics, 2001
Herbert Kroemer, Physics, 2000
Günter Blobel*, Physiology or Medicine, 1999
Günter Grass, born in Free City of Danzig, now Poland, Literature, 1999
Horst L. Störmer, Physics, 1998
Paul J. Crutzen, Chemistry, 1995
Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard, Physiology or Medicine, 1995
Reinhard Selten, Economics, 1994
Bert Sakmann, Physiology or Medicine, 1991
Erwin Neher, Physiology or Medicine, 1991
Hans G. Dehmelt*, Physics, 1989
Wolfgang Paul, Physics, 1989
Johann Deisenhofer, Chemistry, 1988
Robert Huber, Chemistry, 1988
Hartmut Michel, Chemistry, 1988
Jack Steinberger*, Physics, 1988
J. Georg Bednorz, Physics, 1987
John Polanyi*, Chemistry, 1986
Ernst Ruska, Physics, 1986
Gerd Binnig, Physics, 1986
Klaus von Klitzing, Physics, 1985
Georges J.F. Köhler*, Physiology or Medicine, 1984
Georg Wittig, Chemistry, 1979
Arno Penzias*, Physics, 1978
Henry Kissinger*, Peace, 1978
Ernst Otto Fischer, Chemistry, 1973
Karl von Frisch, born in Austria-Hungary, now Austria, Physiology or Medicine, 1973
Heinrich Böll, Literature, 1972
Gerhard Herzberg*, Chemistry, 1971
Willy Brandt, Peace, 1971
Bernard Katz*, Physiology or Medicine, 1970
Max Delbrück*, Physiology or Medicine, 1969
Manfred Eigen, Chemistry, 1967
Hans Bethe*, Physics, 1967
Nelly Sachs*, Literature, 1966
Feodor Felix Konrad Lynen, Physiology or Medicine, 1964
Konrad Bloch*, Physiology or Medicine, 1964
Karl Ziegler, Chemistry, 1963
Maria Goeppert-Mayer*, Physics, 1963
J. Hans D. Jensen, Physics, 1963
Rudolf Mössbauer, Physics, 1961
Werner Forssmann, Physiology or Medicine, 1956
Polykarp Kusch*, Physics, 1955
Max Born*, Physics, 1954
Walther Bothe, Physics, 1954
Hermann Staudinger, Chemistry, 1953
Fritz Albert Lipmann*, Physiology or Medicine, 1953
Hans Adolf Krebs*, Physiology or Medicine, 1953
Albert Schweitzer*, Peace, 1952
Otto Diels, Chemistry, 1950
Kurt Alder, Chemistry, 1950
Hermann Hesse*, Literature, 1946
Ernst Boris Chain*, Physiology or Medicine, 1945
Otto Hahn, Chemistry, 1944
Otto Stern*, Physics, 1943
Adolf Butenandt, Chemistry, 1939
Gerhard Domagk, Physiology or Medicine, 1939
Richard Kuhn, born in Austria-Hungary, now Austria, Chemistry, 1938
Otto Loewi*, Physiology or Medicine, 1936
Carl von Ossietzky, Peace, 1935
Hans Spemann, Physiology or Medicine, 1935
Werner Karl Heisenberg, Physics, 1932
Otto Heinrich Warburg, Physiology or Medicine, 1931
Carl Bosch, Chemistry, 1931
Friedrich Bergius, Chemistry, 1931
Hans Fischer, Chemistry, 1930
Thomas Mann, Literature, 1929
Hans von Euler-Chelpin*, Chemistry, 1929
Adolf Otto Reinhold Windaus, Chemistry, 1928
Ludwig Quidde, Peace, 1927
Heinrich Otto Wieland, Chemistry, 1927
Gustav Stresemann, Peace, 1926
James Franck, Physics, 1925
Gustav Ludwig Hertz, Physics, 1925
Otto Fritz Meyerhof, Physiology or Medicine, 1922
Albert Einstein, Physics, 1921
Walther Nernst, Chemistry, 1920
Johannes Stark, Physics, 1919
Fritz Haber, Chemistry, 1918
Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck, Physics, 1918
Richard Willstätter, Chemistry, 1915
Max von Laue, Physics, 1914
Gerhart Hauptmann, born in Prussia, now Poland, Literature, 1912
Wilhelm Wien, Physics, 1911
Otto Wallach, Chemistry, 1910
Albrecht Kossel, Physiology or Medicine, 1910
Paul Johann Ludwig Heyse, Literature, 1910
Karl Ferdinand Braun, Physics, 1909
Wilhelm Ostwald, born in Russia, now Latvia, Chemistry, 1909
Rudolf Christoph Eucken, Literature, 1908
Paul Ehrlich, Physiology or Medicine, 1908
Eduard Buchner, Chemistry, 1907
Robert Koch, Physiology or Medicine, 1905
Philipp Lenard, born in Pressburg, Kingdom of Hungary, Austrian Empire, now Slovakia, Physics, 1905
Adolf von Baeyer, Chemistry, 1905
Hermann Emil Fischer, Chemistry, 1902
Theodor Mommsen, born in Duchy of Schleswig, Literature, 1902
Emil Adolf von Behring, Physiology or Medicine, 1901
Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, Physics, 1901
Kofi Annan, Peace, 2001
Odysseas Elytis, Literature, 1979
Giorgos Seferis, Literature, 1963
Rigoberta Menchú, Peace, 1992
Miguel Ángel Asturias, Literature, 1967
Charles K. Kao, Physics, 2009
Avram Hershko*, as an Israeli citizen, Chemistry, 2004
Imre Kertész, Literature, 2002
George Andrew Olah, Chemistry, 1994
John Harsanyi, Economics, 1994
Dennis Gabor, Physics, 1971
Eugene Wigner, Physics, 1963
Georg von Békésy, Physiology or Medicine, 1961
George de Hevesy, Chemistry, 1943
Albert Szent-Györgyi, Physiology or Medicine, 1937
Róbert Bárány, born in Austria-Hungary, Medicine, 1914
Philipp Lenard, Physics, 1905
Halldór Laxness, Literature, 1955
Abhijit Banerjee*, as a United States Citizen, Economics, 2019
Kailash Satyarthi, Peace, 2014
Venkatraman Ramakrishnan*, as a UK Citizen, Chemistry, 2009
Amartya Sen, Economics, 1998
Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar*, as a United States Citizen, Physics, 1983
Mother Teresa, born in then Ottoman Empire, now North Macedonia, Peace, 1979
Har Gobind Khorana*, as a United States Citizen, Physiology or Medicine, 1968
C. V. Raman, Physics, 1930
Rabindranath Tagore, Literature, 1913
Rudyard Kipling*, as a UK Citizen, Literature, 1907
Ronald Ross*, as a UK Citizen, Physiology or Medicine, 1902
Shirin Ebadi, Peace, 2003
Nadia Murad, Peace, 2018
William C. Campbell, Physiology or Medicine, 2015
John Hume, Peace, 1998
David Trimble, Peace, 1998
Séamus Heaney, Literature, 1995
Mairead Corrigan, Peace, 1976
Betty Williams, Peace, 1976
Seán MacBride, born in France, Peace, 1974
Samuel Beckett, Literature, 1969
Ernest Walton, Physics, 1951
George Bernard Shaw*, Literature, 1925
W. B. Yeats, Literature, 1923
Arieh Warshel*, Chemistry, 2013
Michael Levitt, born in South Africa, Chemistry, 2013
Dan Shechtman, Chemistry, 2011
Ada Yonath, Chemistry, 2009
Robert Aumann, born in Germany, Economics, 2005
Aaron Ciechanover, Chemistry, 2004
Avram Hershko, born in Hungary, Chemistry, 2004
Daniel Kahneman, Economics, 2002
Yitzhak Rabin, Peace, 1994
Shimon Peres, born in Poland, now Belarus, Peace, 1994
Menachem Begin, born in Russia, now Belarus, Peace, 1978
Shmuel Yosef Agnon, born in Austria-Hungary, now Ukraine, Literature, 1966
Mario R. Capecchi*, Physiology or Medicine, 2007
Riccardo Giacconi*, Physics, 2002
Dario Fo, Literature, 1997
Rita Levi-Montalcini, Physiology or Medicine, 1986
Franco Modigliani*, Economics, 1985
Carlo Rubbia, Physics, 1984
Eugenio Montale, Literature, 1975
Renato Dulbecco*, Physiology or Medicine, 1975
Salvador Luria*, Physiology or Medicine, 1969
Giulio Natta, Chemistry, 1963
Emilio Segrè*, Physics, 1959
Salvatore Quasimodo, Literature, 1959
Daniel Bovet, born in Switzerland, Physiology or Medicine, 1957
Enrico Fermi, Physics, 1938
Luigi Pirandello, Literature, 1934
Grazia Deledda, Literature, 1926
Guglielmo Marconi, Physics, 1909
Ernesto Teodoro Moneta, Peace, 1907
Camillo Golgi, Physiology or Medicine, 1906
Giosuè Carducci, Literature, 1906
Tasuku Honjo, Physiology or Medicine, 2018
Kazuo Ishiguro*, Literature, 2017
Yoshinori Ohsumi, Physiology or Medicine, 2016
Takaaki Kajita, Physics, 2015
Satoshi Ōmura, Physiology or Medicine, 2015
Shuji Nakamura*, Physics, 2014
Hiroshi Amano, Physics, 2014
Isamu Akasaki, Physics, 2014
Shinya Yamanaka, Physiology or Medicine, 2012
Akira Suzuki, Chemistry, 2010
Ei-ichi Negishi, Born in China, Chemistry, 2010
Osamu Shimomura, Chemistry, 2008
Toshihide Maskawa, Physics, 2008
Makoto Kobayashi, Physics, 2008
Yoichiro Nambu*, Physics, 2008
Koichi Tanaka, Chemistry, 2002
Ryōji Noyori, Chemistry, 2001
Hideki Shirakawa, Chemistry, 2000
Susumu Tonegawa, Physiology or Medicine, 1987
Kenichi Fukui, Chemistry, 1981
Sin-Itiro Tomonaga, Physics, 1965
Hideki Yukawa, Physics, 1949
Wangari Maathai, Peace, 2004
Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, Peace, 2011
Leymah Gbowee, Peace, 2011
Aaron Klug*, Chemistry, 1982
Czesław Miłosz*, Literature, 1980
Jules A. Hoffmann*, Physiology or Medicine, 2011
Gabriel Lippmann*, Physics, 1908
Mother Teresa*, born in then Ottoman Empire, now North Macedonia, Peace, 1979
Mario José Molina Henríquez*, Chemistry, 1995
Octavio Paz Lozano, Literature, 1990
Alfonso García Robles, Peace, 1982
Aung San Suu Kyi, Peace, 1991
Ben Feringa, Chemistry, 2016
Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, Peace, 2013
Andre Geim, born in Soviet Union, now Russia, Physics, 2010
Martinus J. G. Veltman, Physics, 1999
Gerard 't Hooft, Physics, 1999
Simon van der Meer, Physics, 1984
Nicolaas Bloembergen*, Physics, 1981
Tjalling C. Koopmans, Economics, 1975
Nikolaas Tinbergen*, Physiology or Medicine, 1973
Jan Tinbergen, Economics, 1969
Frits Zernike, Physics, 1953
Peter Debye, Chemistry, 1936
Christiaan Eijkman, Physiology or Medicine, 1929
Willem Einthoven, Physiology or Medicine, 1924
Heike Kamerlingh Onnes, Physics, 1913
Tobias Asser, Peace, 1911
Johannes Diderik van der Waals, Physics, 1910
Pieter Zeeman, Physics, 1902
Hendrik Lorentz, Physics, 1902
Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff, Chemistry, 1901
Alan MacDiarmid, Chemistry, 2000
Ernest Rutherford*, Chemistry, 1908
Maurice Wilkins, Physiology or Medicine, 1962
Wole Soyinka, Literature, 1986
May-Britt Moser, Physiology or Medicine, 2014
Edvard Moser, Physiology or Medicine, 2014
Finn E. Kydland, Economics, 2004
Trygve Haavelmo, Economics, 1989
Ivar Giaever, Physics, 1973
Ragnar Frisch, Economics, 1969
Odd Hassel, Chemistry, 1969
Lars Onsager, Chemistry, 1968
Sigrid Undset, Literature, 1928
Fridtjof Nansen, Peace, 1922
Christian Lous Lange, Peace, 1921
Knut Hamsun, Literature, 1920
Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson, Literature, 1903
Malala Yousafzai, Peace, 2014
Abdus Salam, As Pakistani citizen born in then British India, now Pakistan, Physics, 1979
Yasser Arafat, Born in Cairo, Egypt, Peace, 1994
Mario Vargas Llosa*, Literature, 2010
Leonid Hurwicz*, born in then Russian Republic, now Russia, Economics, 2007
Wisława Szymborska, Literature, 1996
Joseph Rotblat*, born in Congress Poland (Russian Empire), Peace, 1995
Shimon Peres*, as an Israeli citizen, Peace, 1994
Lech Wałęsa, born in Popowo, Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia, Germany (German-occupied Poland), Peace, 1983
Roald Hoffmann*, born in then Poland (Second Polish Republic), now Ukraine, Chemistry, 1981
Czesław Miłosz, born in Russian Empire, now Lithuania, Literature, 1980
Isaac Bashevis Singer*, born in Congress Poland (Russian Empire), Literature, 1978
Andrew Schally*, born in Wilno, Second Polish Republic (now Vilnius, Lithuania), Medicine, 1977
Tadeusz Reichstein*, born in Congress Poland (Russian Empire), Physiology or Medicine, 1950
Władysław Reymont, born in Congress Poland (Russian Empire), Literature, 1924
Marie Skłodowska-Curie, born in Congress Poland (Russian Empire), Chemistry, 1911
Henryk Sienkiewicz, born in Congress Poland (Russian Empire), Literature, 1905
Marie Skłodowska-Curie, born in Congress Poland (Russian Empire), Physics, 1903
José de Sousa Saramago, Literature, 1998
Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo*, born in then Portuguese Timor, now East Timor, Peace, 1996
José Ramos-Horta*, born in then Portuguese Timor, now East Timor, Peace, 1996
António Egas Moniz, Physiology or Medicine, 1949
Stefan Hell*, Chemistry, 2014
Herta Müller*, Literature, 2009
Elie Wiesel*, Peace, 1986
George E. Palade*, Physiology or Medicine, 1974
Andre Geim*, Physics, 2010
Konstantin Novoselov*, Physics, 2010
Leonid Hurwicz*, Economics, 2007
Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov*, Physics, 2003
Vitaly Ginzburg, Physics, 2003
Zhores Alferov, born in then Soviet Union, now Belarus, Physics, 2000
Mikhail Gorbachev, Peace, 1990
Pyotr Kapitsa, Physics, 1978
Menachem Begin*, as an Israeli citizen, Peace, 1978
Ilya Prigogine*, Chemistry, 1977
Andrei Sakharov, Peace, 1975
Leonid Kantorovich, Economics, 1975
Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, Literature, 1970
Mikhail Sholokhov, Literature, 1965
Nikolay Basov, Physics, 1964
Alexander Prokhorov, born in Australia, Physics, 1964
Lev Landau, born in then Russian Empire, now Azerbaijan, laureate when citizen of the Soviet Union, Physics, 1962
Boris Pasternak, Literature, 1958 (forced to decline)
Pavel Cherenkov, Physics, 1958
Igor Tamm, Physics, 1958
Ilya Mikhailovich Frank, Physics, 1958
Nikolay Semyonov, Chemistry, 1956
Ivan Bunin*, Literature, 1933
Élie Metchnikoff, born in now Ukraine, Physiology or Medicine, 1908
Ivan Pavlov, Physiology or Medicine, 1904
Derek Walcott, Literature, 1992
W. Arthur Lewis*, Economics, 1979
Friderik Pregl*, born in Austria-Hungary, now Slovenia, Chemistry, 1923
J. M. Coetzee, Literature, 2003
Sydney Brenner*, Physiology or Medicine, 2002
F. W. de Klerk, Peace, 1993
Nelson Mandela, Peace, 1993
Nadine Gordimer, Literature, 1991
Desmond Tutu, Peace, 1984
Allan M. Cormack*, Physiology or Medicine, 1979
Albert Lutuli, born in then Rhodesia, now Zimbabwe, Peace, 1960
Max Theiler, Physiology or Medicine, 1951
Kim Dae-jung, Peace, 2000
Charles J. Pedersen*, Chemistry, 1987
Mario Vargas Llosa, born in Peru, Literature, 2010
Camilo José Cela, Literature, 1989
Vicente Aleixandre, Literature, 1977
Severo Ochoa*, Physiology or Medicine, 1959
Juan Ramón Jiménez, Literature, 1956
Jacinto Benavente, Literature, 1922
Santiago Ramón y Cajal, Physiology or Medicine, 1906
José Echegaray, Literature, 1904
Tomas Lindahl, Chemistry, 2015
Tomas Tranströmer, Literature, 2011
Arvid Carlsson, Physiology or Medicine, 2000
Alva Myrdal, Peace, 1982
Sune Bergström, Physiology or Medicine, 1982
Bengt I. Samuelsson, Physiology or Medicine, 1982
Kai Siegbahn, Physics, 1981
Torsten Wiesel, Physiology or Medicine, 1981
Bertil Ohlin, Economics, 1977
Eyvind Johnson, Literature, 1974
Harry Martinson, Literature, 1974
Gunnar Myrdal, Economics, 1974
Ulf von Euler, Physiology or Medicine, 1970
Hannes Alfvén, Physics, 1970
Ragnar Granit, born in the Grand Duchy of Finland, then a part of Russia, Physiology or Medicine, 1967
Nelly Sachs, born in Germany, Literature, 1966
Dag Hammarskjöld, Peace, 1961 (posthumously)
Hugo Theorell, Physiology or Medicine, 1955
Pär Lagerkvist, Literature, 1951
Arne Tiselius, Chemistry, 1948
Erik Axel Karlfeldt, Literature, 1931 (posthumously)
Nathan Söderblom, Peace, 1930
Hans von Euler-Chelpin, born in Germany, Chemistry, 1929
Theodor Svedberg, Chemistry, 1926
Karl Manne Siegbahn, Physics, 1924
Hjalmar Branting, Peace, 1921
Carl Gustaf Verner von Heidenstam, Literature, 1916
Gustaf Dalén, Physics, 1912
Allvar Gullstrand, Physiology or Medicine, 1911
Selma Lagerlöf, Literature, 1909
Klas Pontus Arnoldson, Peace, 1908
Svante Arrhenius, Chemistry, 1903
Michel Mayor, Physics, 2019
Didier Queloz, Physics, 2019
Jacques Dubochet, Chemistry, 2017
Kurt Wüthrich, Chemistry, 2002
Rolf M. Zinkernagel, Physiology or Medicine, 1996
Richard R. Ernst, Chemistry, 1991
Karl Alexander Müller, Physics, 1987
Heinrich Rohrer, Physics, 1986
Georges J. F. Köhler, born in Germany (worked in Switzerland for 1976 to 1984), Physiology or Medicine, 1984
Werner Arber, Physiology or Medicine, 1978
Vladimir Prelog, born in Austria-Hungary, now Bosnia-Herzegovina, Chemistry, 1975
Daniel Bovet, Physiology or Medicine, 1957
Felix Bloch, Physics, 1952
Tadeusz Reichstein, Physiology or Medicine, 1950
Walter Rudolf Hess, Physiology or Medicine, 1949
Paul Hermann Müller, Physiology or Medicine, 1948
Hermann Hesse, born in Germany, Literature, 1946
Leopold Ružička, born in Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia, Austria-Hungary, now Croatia, Chemistry, 1939
Paul Karrer, Chemistry, 1937
Albert Einstein, born in Germany, Physics, 1921
Charles Édouard Guillaume, Physics, 1920
Carl Spitteler, Literature, 1919
Alfred Werner, Chemistry, 1913
Theodor Kocher, Physiology or Medicine, 1909
Élie Ducommun, Peace, 1902
Charles Albert Gobat, Peace, 1902
Henry Dunant, Peace, 1901
Taiwan (China, Republic of)
Yuan T. Lee, Chemistry, 1986
Samuel C. C. Ting, Physics, 1976
14th Dalai Lama, born in Tibet, Peace, 1989
V. S. Naipaul*, Literature, 2001
Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet, Peace, 2015.
Aziz Sancar, Chemistry, 2015
Orhan Pamuk, Literature, 2006
Georges Charpak, Physics, 1992
Selman A. Waksman, Physiology or Medicine, 1952
Shmuel Yosef Agnon, Literature, 1966
Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov, Physiology or Medicine, 1908
Roger Penrose, Physics, 2020
Michael Houghton, Physiology or Medicine, 2020
Peter J. Ratcliffe, Physiology or Medicine, 2019
M. Stanley Whittingham, Chemistry, 2019
Greg Winter, Chemistry, 2018
Kazuo Ishiguro, born in Japan, Literature, 2017
Richard Henderson, Chemistry, 2017
Oliver Hart, Economics, 2016
Fraser Stoddart, Chemistry, 2016
David J. Thouless, Physics, 2016
F. Duncan M. Haldane, Physics, 2016
John M. Kosterlitz, Physics, 2016
Angus Deaton, Economics, 2015
Tomas Lindahl, born in Sweden, Chemistry, 2015
John O'Keefe, born in the United States, Physiology or Medicine, 2014
Michael Levitt*, as an Israeli citizen, Chemistry, 2013
Peter Higgs, Physics, 2013
John B. Gurdon, Physiology or Medicine, 2012
Christopher A. Pissarides, born in Cyprus, Economics, 2010
Konstantin Novoselov, born in Russia, Physics, 2010
Robert G. Edwards, Physiology or Medicine, 2010
Doris Lessing, born in Iran, Literature, 2007
Sir Martin J. Evans, Physiology or Medicine, 2007
Oliver Smithies*, Physiology or Medicine, 2007
Harold Pinter, Literature, 2005
Clive W. J. Granger, Economics, 2003
Anthony J. Leggett*, Physics, 2003
Peter Mansfield, Physiology or Medicine, 2003
Sydney Brenner, born in South Africa, Physiology or Medicine, 2002
John E. Sulston, Physiology or Medicine, 2002
Tim Hunt, Physiology or Medicine, 2001
Paul Nurse, Physiology or Medicine, 2001
V. S. Naipaul, born in Trinidad, Literature, 2001
John Pople, Chemistry, 1998
John E. Walker, Chemistry, 1997
Harold Kroto, Chemistry, 1996
James A. Mirrlees, Economics, 1996
Joseph Rotblat, born in then Russian Empire, now Poland, Peace, 1995
Richard J. Roberts, Physiology or Medicine, 1993
Michael Smith*, Chemistry, 1993
Ronald Coase, based in the United States, Economics, 1991
James W. Black, Physiology or Medicine, 1988
Niels Kaj Jerne*, Physiology or Medicine, 1984
César Milstein, born in Argentina, Physiology or Medicine, 1984
Richard Stone, Economics, 1984
William Golding, Literature, 1983
Aaron Klug, born in Lithuania, Chemistry, 1982
John Robert Vane, Physiology or Medicine, 1982
Elias Canetti, born in Bulgaria, Literature, 1981
Frederick Sanger, Chemistry, 1980
W. Arthur Lewis, born on St. Lucia, Economics, 1979
Godfrey Hounsfield, Physiology or Medicine, 1979
Peter D. Mitchell, Chemistry, 1978
James Meade, Economics, 1977
Nevill Francis Mott, Physics, 1977
Amnesty International, Peace, 1977
John Cornforth, born in Australia, Chemistry, 1975
Christian de Duve*, Physiology or Medicine, 1974
Friedrich Hayek, born in Austria, Economics, 1974
Martin Ryle, Physics, 1974
Antony Hewish, Physics, 1974
Patrick White*, Literature, 1973
Geoffrey Wilkinson, Chemistry, 1973
Brian David Josephson, Physics, 1973
Nikolaas Tinbergen, born in the Netherlands, Physiology or Medicine, 1973
Rodney Robert Porter, Physiology or Medicine, 1972
John Hicks, Economics, 1972
Dennis Gabor, born in Hungary, Physics, 1971
Bernard Katz, born in Germany, Physiology or Medicine, 1970
Derek Harold Richard Barton, Chemistry, 1969
Ronald George Wreyford Norrish, Chemistry, 1967
George Porter, Chemistry, 1967
Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin, Chemistry, 1964
Andrew Huxley, Physiology or Medicine, 1963
Alan Lloyd Hodgkin, Physiology or Medicine, 1963
John Kendrew, Chemistry, 1962
Max Perutz, born in Austria, Chemistry, 1962
Francis Crick, Physiology or Medicine, 1962
Maurice Wilkins, born in New Zealand, Physiology or Medicine, 1962
Peter Medawar, born in Brazil, Physiology or Medicine, 1960
Philip Noel-Baker, Peace, 1959
Frederick Sanger, Chemistry, 1958
Alexander R. Todd, Baron Todd, Chemistry, 1957
Cyril Norman Hinshelwood, Chemistry, 1956
Max Born, born in then Germany, now Poland, Physics, 1954
Winston Churchill, Literature, 1953
Hans Adolf Krebs, born in Germany, Physiology or Medicine, 1953
Archer John Porter Martin, Chemistry, 1952
Richard Laurence Millington Synge, Chemistry, 1952
John Cockcroft, Physics, 1951
Bertrand Russell, Literature, 1950
Cecil Frank Powell, Physics, 1950
John Boyd Orr, Peace, 1949
T. S. Eliot, born in the United States, Literature, 1948
Patrick Blackett, Baron Blackett, Physics, 1948
Edward Victor Appleton, Physics, 1947
Robert Robinson, Chemistry, 1947
Friends Service Council, Peace, 1947
Ernst Boris Chain, born in Germany, Physiology or Medicine, 1945
Alexander Fleming, Physiology or Medicine, 1945
George Paget Thomson, Physics, 1937
Robert Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood, Peace, 1937
Norman Haworth, Chemistry, 1937
Henry Hallett Dale, Physiology or Medicine, 1936
James Chadwick, Physics, 1935
Arthur Henderson, Peace, 1934
Norman Angell, Peace, 1933
Paul Dirac, Physics, 1933
Charles Scott Sherrington, Physiology or Medicine, 1932
John Galsworthy, Literature, 1932
Edgar Adrian, 1st Baron Adrian, Physiology or Medicine, 1932
Arthur Harden, Chemistry, 1929
Frederick Hopkins, Physiology or Medicine, 1929
Owen Willans Richardson, Physics, 1928
Charles Thomson Rees Wilson, Physics, 1927
Austen Chamberlain, Peace, 1925
George Bernard Shaw, born in Ireland, Literature, 1925
John James Rickard Macleod*, Physiology or Medicine, 1923
Archibald Vivian Hill, Physiology or Medicine, 1922
Francis William Aston, Chemistry, 1922
Frederick Soddy, Chemistry, 1921
Charles Glover Barkla, Physics, 1917
William Henry Bragg, Physics, 1915
William Lawrence Bragg, born in Australia, Physics, 1915
Rudyard Kipling, born in India, Literature, 1907
J. J. Thomson, Physics, 1906
John Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh, Physics, 1904
William Ramsay, Chemistry, 1904
William Randal Cremer, Peace, 1903
Ronald Ross, born in India, Physiology or Medicine, 1902
Louise Glück, Literature, 2020
Jennifer Doudna, Chemistry, 2020
Andrea Ghez, Physics, 2020
Harvey J. Alter, Physiology or Medicine, 2020
Charles M. Rice, Physiology or Medicine, 2020
Abhijit Banerjee, born in India, Economics, 2019
Esther Duflo, born in France, Economics, 2019
Michael Kremer, Economics, 2019
John B. Goodenough, born in Germany, Chemistry, 2019
M. Stanley Whittingham, born in United Kingdom, Chemistry, 2019
Jim Peebles, born in Canada, Physics, 2019
William Kaelin Jr., Physiology or Medicine, 2019
Gregg L. Semenza, Physiology or Medicine, 2019
Paul Romer, Economics, 2018
William Nordhaus, Economics, 2018
George P. Smith, Chemistry, 2018
Frances Arnold, Chemistry, 2018
Arthur Ashkin, Physics, 2018
James Allison, Physiology or Medicine, 2018
Richard H. Thaler, Economics, 2017
Joachim Frank, born in Germany, Chemistry, 2017
Rainer Weiss, born in Germany, Physics, 2017
Kip Thorne, Physics, 2017
Barry Barish, Physics, 2017
Michael W. Young, Physiology or Medicine, 2017
Michael Rosbash, Physiology or Medicine, 2017
Jeffrey C. Hall, Physiology or Medicine, 2017
Bob Dylan, Literature, 2016
Oliver Hart, born in United Kingdom, Economics, 2016
Fraser Stoddart, born in United Kingdom, Chemistry, 2016
F. Duncan M. Haldane, born in United Kingdom, Physics, 2016
John M. Kosterlitz, born in United Kingdom, Physics, 2016
Angus Deaton, born in United Kingdom, Economics, 2015
Paul L. Modrich, Chemistry, 2015
Aziz Sancar, born in Turkey, Chemistry, 2015
William C. Campbell, born in Ireland, Physiology or Medicine, 2015
William E. Moerner, Chemistry, 2014
Eric Betzig, Chemistry, 2014
Shuji Nakamura, born in Japan, Physics, 2014
John O'Keefe*, Physiology or Medicine, 2014
Robert J. Shiller, Economics, 2013
Lars Peter Hansen, Economics, 2013
Eugene F. Fama, Economics, 2013
Arieh Warshel, born in Israel, Chemistry, 2013
Martin Karplus, born in Austria, Chemistry, 2013
Randy Schekman, Physiology or Medicine, 2013
Thomas C. Südhof, born in Germany, Physiology or Medicine, 2013
James Rothman, Physiology or Medicine, 2013
Alvin E. Roth, Economics, 2012
Lloyd S. Shapley, Economics, 2012
Brian K. Kobilka, Chemistry, 2012
Robert J. Lefkowitz, Chemistry, 2012
David J. Wineland, Physics, 2012
Christopher A. Sims, Economics, 2011
Thomas J. Sargent, Economics, 2011
Saul Perlmutter, Physics, 2011
Brian P. Schmidt, Physics, 2011
Adam G. Riess, Physics, 2011
Ralph M. Steinman, born in Canada, Physiology or Medicine, 2011
Bruce Beutler, Physiology or Medicine, 2011
Peter A. Diamond, Economics, 2010
Dale T. Mortensen, Economics, 2010
Ei-ichi Negishi, Japanese citizenship, Chemistry, 2010
Richard F. Heck, Chemistry, 2010
Elinor Ostrom, Economics, 2009
Oliver Eaton Williamson, Economics, 2009
Barack H. Obama, Peace, 2009
Venkatraman Ramakrishnan, born in India, Chemistry, 2009
Thomas A. Steitz, Chemistry, 2009
Willard S. Boyle, born in Canada, Physics, 2009
Charles K. Kao, born in China, Physics, 2009
George E. Smith, Physics, 2009
Elizabeth Blackburn, born in Australia, Physiology or Medicine, 2009
Carol W. Greider, Physiology or Medicine, 2009
Jack W. Szostak, born in United Kingdom, Physiology or Medicine, 2009
Paul Krugman, Economics, 2008
Roger Yonchien Tsien, Chemistry, 2008
Martin Chalfie, Chemistry, 2008
Osamu Shimomura, Japanese citizenship , Chemistry, 2008
Yoichiro Nambu, born in Japan, Physics, 2008
Leonid Hurwicz, born in Russia, Economics, 2007
Eric S. Maskin, Economics, 2007
Roger B. Myerson, Economics, 2007
Al Gore, Peace, 2007
Mario R. Capecchi, born in Italy, Physiology or Medicine, 2007
Oliver Smithies, born in United Kingdom, Physiology or Medicine, 2007
Roger D. Kornberg, Chemistry, 2006
John C. Mather, Physics, 2006
Edmund S. Phelps, Economics, 2006
George F. Smoot, Physics, 2006
Andrew Z. Fire, Physiology or Medicine, 2006
Craig C. Mello, Physiology or Medicine, 2006
Robert Aumann*, as an Israeli citizen, Economics, 2005
Robert H. Grubbs, Chemistry, 2005
Richard R. Schrock, Chemistry, 2005
Thomas Schelling, Economics, 2005
John L. Hall, Physics, 2005
Roy J. Glauber, Physics, 2005
Irwin Rose, Chemistry, 2004
Edward C. Prescott, Economics, 2004
David J. Gross, Physics, 2004
H. David Politzer, Physics, 2004
Frank Wilczek, Physics, 2004
Richard Axel, Physiology or Medicine, 2004
Linda B. Buck, Physiology or Medicine, 2004
Peter Agre, Chemistry, 2003
Roderick MacKinnon, Chemistry, 2003
Robert F. Engle, Economics, 2003
Anthony J. Leggett, born in United Kingdom, Physics, 2003
Paul C. Lauterbur, Physiology or Medicine, 2003
Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov, born in Russia, Physics, 2003
Daniel Kahneman*, born in Israel, Economics, 2002
Vernon L. Smith, Economics, 2002
Jimmy Carter, Peace, 2002
John Bennett Fenn, Chemistry, 2002
Raymond Davis Jr., Physics, 2002
Riccardo Giacconi, born in Italy, Physics, 2002
H. Robert Horvitz, Physiology or Medicine, 2002
William S. Knowles, Chemistry, 2001
K. Barry Sharpless, Chemistry, 2001
Joseph E. Stiglitz, Economics, 2001
George A. Akerlof, Economics, 2001
A. Michael Spence, Economics, 2001
Eric A. Cornell, Physics, 2001
Carl E. Wieman, Physics, 2001
Leland H. Hartwell, Physiology or Medicine, 2001
Alan Heeger, Chemistry, 2000
Alan MacDiarmid, born in New Zealand, Chemistry, 2000
James J. Heckman, Economics, 2000
Daniel L. McFadden, Economics, 2000
Jack Kilby, Physics, 2000
Paul Greengard, Physiology or Medicine, 2000
Eric Kandel, born in Austria, Physiology or Medicine, 2000
Ahmed H. Zewail, born in Egypt, Chemistry, 1999