the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
It stars Robert Wagner, Joan Collins, Edmond O'Brien, Ken Scott, Larry Keating and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Elke Sommer (born Elke Baronin von Schletz; 5 November 1940) is a German actress.
She won a Golden Globe Award in 1964.
Sommer appeared in almost 100 movies between 1959 and 2005.
Her best known roles were in A Shot in the Dark (1964) with Peter Sellers, The Art of Love (1965) with James Garner and Dick Van Dyke, The Oscar (1966) with Stephen Boyd, Boy, Did I Get a Wrong Number! (
1966) with Bob Hope, The Wrecking Crew (1968) with Dean Martin, and The Wicked Dreams of Paula Schultz (1968).
Elke Sommer at Virtual History
Elke Sommer Advertisement / Beverly Hills / Helia-D.US
Elke Sommer at the German Dubbing Card Index
The Samsung Galaxy Watch is a smartwatch developed by Samsung.
It was announced on 9 August 2018.
The Galaxy Watch was scheduled for availability in the United States starting on 24 August 2018, at select carriers.
It's retail locations in South Korea on 31 August 2018, and in additional select markets on 14 September 2018.
Galaxy Watch Active2 has been released in 2 forms: Bluetooth, and LTE.
The LTE version can be a standalone smartphone without the need to be in the vicinity of a phone.
With LTE connectivity, a user can call, text, pay, stream music, or stream video without a nearby smartphone.
Olivia Hussey (born Olivia Osuna; 17 April 1951) is an English actress.
She played Juliet in Franco Zeffirelli's movie version of Romeo and Juliet (1968).
She won a Golden Globe for her role.
Hussey has three children; including the famous actress India Eisley.
She is known for her role as Ashley Juergens in the ABC Family television series The Secret Life of the American Teenager, and her roles as Eve in 2012 movie Underworld: Awakening, Sawa in the 2014 movie Kite, and Audrina in the 2016 television movie My Sweet Audrina.
In 2019 she starred as Fauna Hodel on the TNT television series I Am the Night.
Eisley was born on October 29, 1993, in Los Angeles.
Her parents are musician David Glen Eisley and actress Olivia Hussey.
Pallavi Sharda (born 5 March 1990) is an Australian-Indian actress.
She has worked in Hindi movies like My Name Is Khan, Dus Tola, Besharam, Hawaizaada and Begum Jaan.
In 2016, she starred as Prama in the 2016 movie Lion.
Sharda was born in Perth, but was raised in Melbourne.
She later moved to Mumbai for her Bollywood career.
Noomi Rapace (; ; born 28 December 1979) is a Swedish actress.
She became well known for her role as Lisbeth Salander in the Swedish movie versions of the Millennium series: The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo, The Girl Who Played with Fire, and The Girl Who Kicked the Hornets' Nest.
She has also starred as Anna in Daisy Diamond (2007), Leena in Beyond (2010), Anna in The Monitor (2011), Madame Simza Heron in Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows (2011), Dr. Elizabeth Shaw in Prometheus (2012), Beatrice in Dead Man Down (2013), Raisa Demidova in Child 44 (2015), and the seven lead roles in What Happened to Monday (2017).
Prometheus ( ) is a 2012 science fiction horror movie directed by Ridley Scott, written by Jon Spaihts and Damon Lindelof.
It stars Noomi Rapace, Michael Fassbender, Guy Pearce, Idris Elba, Logan Marshall-Green, and Charlize Theron.
It is set in the late 21st century and is about the crew of the spaceship Prometheus as it follows a star map discovered among the artifacts of several ancient Earth cultures.
They wanted to find out the origins of humanity, but the crew arrives on a distant world and discovers a threat that could bring extinction to humanity.
Prometheus was released on June 1, 2012, in the United Kingdom and on June 8, 2012, in North America.
"Bella ciao" (; "Goodbye beautiful") is an Italian protest folk song.
It was created to protest against harsh working conditions in the paddy fields of North Italy.
In 2017 and 2018, the song became popular because of the singing of "Bella ciao" multiple times in the Spanish television series Money Heist.
Italy | European Resistance Archive
ANPI – Associazione Nazionale Partigiani d'Italia
ANCFARGL – Associazione Nazionale Combattenti Forze Armate Regolari Guerra di Liberazione
INSMLI – Istituto Nazionale per la Storia del Movimento di Liberazione in Italia
Il portale della guerra di Liberazione
Anarchist partisans in the Italian Resistance
A resistance movement is an organized movement by some portion of the civil population of a country to fight against an occupying power and to cause civil disorder.
Sometimes they could be a nonviolent resistance (sometimes called civil resistance), or the use of force.
Brian Anthony Howe (22 July 1953 – 6 May 2020) was an English rock singer-songwriter and guitarist.
He was best known for replacing Paul Rodgers as the lead vocalist of Bad Company.
He also worked with Ted Nugent for his Penetrator album.
Howe was born in Portsmouth, Hampshire.
Howe died of cardiac arrest on 6 May 2020 on the way to a hospital in Florida, aged 66.
He had a heart attack in 2017.
Daisy Lúcidi (10 August 1929 – 7 May 2020) was a Brazilian actress.
Her best known role was as Valentina Miranda in the telenovela Passione.
She also starred in Paraíso Tropical and Babilônia.
Her best known movie role was as Elder Isaura in As Aventuras de Agamenon, o Repórter (2012).
On 4 May 2020, Lúcidi was hospitalized for COVID-19 in Rio de Janeiro.
She died three days later on 7 May from the infection, aged 90.
Brazilian voice actors
Maurice Ruiz de Luzuriaga Gallaga, otherwise known as Peque Gallaga, (August 25, 1943 – May 7, 2020) was a Filipino movie director, screenwriter and actor.
He was born in Bacolod, Commonwealth of the Philippines.
His best known directorial works are Oro, Plata, Mata and Magic Temple.
An actor, he starred as the Dominican Priest in José Rizal.
Gallaga was hospitalized on May 5, 2020 for a long-illness in Bacolod City.
He died on May 7, 2020 from pneumonia-related problems, aged 76.
The twelfth season of SpongeBob SquarePants first started showing on television on November 11, 2018.
It was first announced on May 23, 2017.
The season started with the episode "FarmerBob" and has not stopped yet.
Only one episode was shown on television before Stephen Hillenburg, the show's creator, eats burgers on November 26, 2018.
Marc Ceccarelli and Vincent Waller are the showrunners for this season.
Super Mr. Superhero is a character from Yo Gabba Gabba!
that is a Superhero.
He is played by Mos Def
Shit happens is a common vulgar slang phrase.
It is used as a simple existential observation that life has many unpredictable events, either "Así es la vida" or "C'est la vie".
The phrase accepts that bad things happen to people for no reason.
The phrase was first found in 1964, but wasn't used in a print publication until 1983. "
Stuff happens" is also said.
The middle finger (also called the long finger or the tall finger is the third finger on the human hand.
It is between the index finger and the ring finger.
When people study anatomy, they call the middle finger the third finger, digitus medius, digitus tertius, or digitus III.
Sometimes the middle finger is used as an insult or to offend someone.
When it is extended, usually by itself, it is known as "giving the finger", "flipping the bird", or"flipping someone off".
Cowboy is a 1958 American western movie directed by Delmer Daves and based on the 1930 novel My Reminiscences of Cowboy by Frank Harris.
It stars Glenn Ford, Jack Lemmon, Anna Kashfi, Dick York, Brian Donlevy and was distributed by Columbia Pictures.
It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1959.
The Lady Takes a Sailor is 1949 American romantic comedy movie directed by Michael Curtiz, and starring Jane Wyman, Eve Arden, Dennis Morgan, Robert Douglas, Allyn Joslyn, Tom Tully and Jack Lemmon.
Rhinolophidae is a family of bats commonly known as horseshoe bats.
There is also an extinct genus of bats, Palaeonycteris.
Horseshoe bats are closely related to the Hipposideridae.
Horseshoe bats are divided into six subgenera and many species groups.
The common ancestor of all horseshoe bats lived 34–40 million years ago.
Horseshoe bats are found mostly in tropical or subtropical areas, including Africa, Asia, Europe, and Oceania.
Horseshoe bats are a source of disease.
Several species are the source of SARS coronavirus.
Some evidence suggests that some species could be the source of SARS-CoV-2, which causes coronavirus disease 2019.
The bats are hunted for food in several regions, particularly Sub-Saharan Africa, but also Southeast Asia.
Some species or their guano are used in traditional medicine in Nepal, India, Vietnam, and Senegal.
Horseshoe bats are a small to medium-sized microbat.
They weigh , with their forearms being  in length.
Their combined head and body lengths is .
Their fur can be reddish-brown, blackish, or bright orange-red, with a majority of species having long, smooth fur.
They get their common name from their large noses (nose-leafs), which are shaped like horseshoes.
The nose-leafs help with echolocation; the bats use their nose to make a constant frequency, high-duty call to find their prey.
They hunt insects and spiders.
Little is known about their mating systems, but at least one species is monogamous, while another is polygynous.
Gestation is about seven weeks and one baby is produced at a time.
Bats live for six or seven years, but one greater horseshoe bat lived more than 30 years.
The Racket is a 1928 American crime drama movie directed by Lewis Milestone and produced by Howard Hughes.
It stars Thomas Meighan, Louis Wolheim, Marie Prevost, G. Pat Collins, Lee Moran and was distributed by Paramount Pictures.
It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1929 and was remade in 1951.
1920s crime movies
High Society Blues is a 1930 American romantic musical movie directed by David Butler and starring Janet Gaynor, Charles Farrell, William Collier, Sr.,
Hedda Hopper, Joyce Compton, Brandon Hurst.
Muzaffarpur is a city in Muzaffarpur district, Bihar, India.
In 2011, there was 393,724 people living there.
It is known for farming and growing crops.
Just Imagine is a 1930 American science fiction musical comedy movie directed by David Butler and stars El Brendel, Maureen O'Sullivan, John Garrick, Marjorie White, Frank Albertson.
It was distributed by 20th Century Fox and was nominated for an Academy Award in 1931.
Muzaffarpur District is one of the districts of Bihar state, India.
Muzaffarpur district is a part of Tirhut Division.
Muzaffarpur district is served by rivers Gandak, Budhi Gandak, Bagmati and Lakhandei.
Ben Chijioke (17 August 1972 – 7 May 2020), better known by his stage name Ty, was a British rapper.
He released the albums Awkward (2001), Upwards (2004), Closer (2006), Special Kind of Fool (2010)
and A Work of Heart (2018).
In April 2020, Ty was hospitalized in London for COVID-19.
He died on 7 May 2020 from pneumonia caused by the infection, aged 47.
East Lynne is a 1931 American drama movie directed by Frank Lloyd and starring Ann Harding, Clive Brook, Conrad Nagel, Cecilia Loftus, Eric Mayne.
It was distributed by 20th Century Fox and was nominated for Best Picture at the Academy Awards in 1931.
It was third adaption based on the 1861 novel by Ellen Wood.
The Public Enemy is a 1931 American crime drama movie directed by William A. Wellman and stars James Cagney, Edward Woods, Jean Harlow, Donald Cook, Joan Blondell, Mae Clarke.
It was distributed by Warner Bros. and was nominated for an Academy Award in 1931.
Emile Linus Alfred Wijntuin (22 September 1924 – 7 May 2020) was a Surinamese politician.
He was the Chairman of the National Assembly of Suriname from 1975 until the aftermath of the 1980 Surinamese coup d'état.
Wijntuin was a member of the Progressive Surinamese People's Party.
He was born in the Coronie District.
He was the Chairman of the Staten of Suriname from 1973 to 1975.
Michelle Veintimilla (born November 7, 1992) is an American actress.
She is best known for playing Janie in the movie Not Cool.
She played the role of villain Firefly in the second and fourth seasons of the Fox television series Gotham.
She played Carmen Guerra on FOX's The Gifted and Marie Joblanski on the Netflix crime drama series Seven Seconds.
Zachary John Quinto (; born June 2, 1977) is an American actor and movie producer.
He is known for his roles as Sylar on the science fiction drama series Heroes (2006–2010) and Spock in the reboot Star Trek (2009) and its sequels Star Trek Into Darkness (2013) and Star Trek Beyond (2016).
Star Trek Beyond is a 2016 American science fiction action movie directed by Justin Lin, written by Simon Pegg and Doug Jung, and based on the television series Star Trek created by Gene Roddenberry.
It is the 13th movie in the Star Trek movie franchise and the third part in the reboot series.
It stars Chris Pine,  Zachary Quinto, Simon Pegg, Karl Urban, Zoe Saldana, John Cho, Anton Yelchin, and Idris Elba with Leonard Nimoy.
Official database website
William Claude Rains (10 November 188930 May 1967) was a British-American actor.
He played Dr. Jack Griffin in The Invisible Man (1933).
He also starred in The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938), Mr. Smith Goes to Washington (1939), The Wolf Man (1941), Casablanca and Kings Row (both 1942), Notorious (1946) and Lawrence of Arabia (1962).
The Invisible Man is a 1933 American pre-Code science fiction horror movie directed by James Whale.
It is based on H. G. Wells' 1897 science fiction novel The Invisible Man and produced by Universal Pictures.
It stars Claude Rains and Gloria Stuart.
In 2008, The Invisible Man was selected for the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant."
The Invisible Man is an American-Australian 2020 science fiction horror movie written and directed by Leigh Whannell.
It is about a woman who believes she is being stalked by her abusive and rich boyfriend even after his suicide.
The movie stars Elisabeth Moss, Aldis Hodge, Storm Reid, Harriet Dyer, Michael Dorman, and Oliver Jackson-Cohen.
The Invisible Man was released in the United States on February 28, 2020, by Universal Pictures to strong positive reviews.
2020s science fiction movies
The Invisible Man or Invisible Men or variation, may also refer to:
Invisible person, a science fiction concept
Griffin (The Invisible Man), the title character in Wells' novel
Invisible Man, a 1952 novel by Ralph Ellison
"The Invisible Man", a short story by G. K. Chesterton
The invisible man : the life and liberties of H.G. Wells a biography of Wells by Michael Coren
A Láthatatlan Ember (The Invisible Man) or Slave of the Huns, a 1901 Hungarian novel by Géza Gárdonyi
The Invisible Man (1933 movie), a 1933 movie based on the original story starring Claude Rains
The Invisible Man Returns, a 1940 movie starring Vincent Price
Abbott and Costello Meet the Invisible Man, a 1951 movie starring Bud Abbott and Lou Costello
The Invisible Man (1984 movie), a Soviet movie version
Hollow Man, a 2000 movie version starring Kevin Bacon
The Invisible Man (2020 movie), a modern version of both the novel by H. G. Wells and the 1933 movie of the same name
The Invisible Man (album), a 2001 album by Mark Eitzel
The Invisible Man, the English name of Michael Cretu's 1985 album
"The Invisible Man" (Queen song), a 1989 song by Queen
"The Invisible Man", a song by Elvis Costello and the Attractions from the 1983 album Punch the Clock
"The Invisible Man", a song by Marillion from the 2004 album Marbles
"Invisible Man" (98 Degrees song), a 1997 song by 98 Degrees
"Invisible Man", a song by The Breeders from the 1993 album Last Splash
"Invisible Man", a song by Theory of a Deadman from the 2002 album Theory of Deadman
"Invisible Man", a song by The Third Rail from the 1967 album Id Music
The Invisible Men, songwriting and producer trio of Jason Pebworth, George Astasio and Jon Shave
Invisible Men (1983 album) by Anthony Phillips
The Invisible Man (painting), a 1933 oil on canvas work by Salvador Dalí
The Invisible Man is a science fiction novel by H. G. Wells.
The Invisible Man is about Griffin, a scientist who has focused himself to research into optics.
He later makes himself invisible.
George Lawrence Mikan Jr. (June 18, 1924 – June 1, 2005), nicknamed Mr. Basketball, was an American professional basketball player.
He was born in Joliet, Illinois and studied at DePaul University.
He was 6 ft 10 in (2.08 m).
From 1947 and 1954 and again in 1956, he played for the Minneapolis Lakers.
He also coached the team from 1957 to 1958.
I'll Get By is a 1950 American romantic musical comedy movie directed by Richard Sale and is the remake of 1940 film Tin Pan Alley.
It stars June Haver, Gloria DeHaven, William Lundigan, Dennis Day, Thelma Ritter, Steve Allen and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1951.
Movies directed by Richard Sale
Bougainville ( ; Tok Pisin: Bogenvil ), officially the Autonomous Region of Bougainville, is an autonomous region in Papua New Guinea.
The largest island is Bougainville Island, while the region also includes Buka Island and a number of outlying islands and atolls.
Kinderdijk (Children dike in English) is a hamlet in the province of South Holland, the Netherlands.
It lies in the very northeast of the municipality of Molenlanden, at the meetingplace of the Lek and Noord rivers.
Kinderdijk is famous for its windmills and therefore an UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Sylvia Alice Earle (née Reade; born August 30, 1935) is an American marine biologist, explorer, author, and educator.
She is a National Geographic explorer.
Earle was the first female chief scientist of the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and was named by Time Magazine as its first Hero for the Planet in 1998.
Gibbstown is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) located within Greenwich Township, in Gloucester County, New Jersey, United States.
As of the 2010 United States Census, the CDP's population was 3,739.
Greenwich Township is a township in Gloucester County, New Jersey, United States.
As of the 2010 United States Census, the township's population was 4,899.
William Moulton Marston (May 9, 1893 – May 2, 1947), also known by the pen name Charles Moulton () was an American psychologist and comic book writer.
He invented an early version of the lie detector.
He was also known as a self-help author and comic book writer who created the character Wonder Woman.
Saugus is a town in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States, in the Greater Boston area.
The population was 26,628 at the 2010 census.
Born Reckless is a 1930 American crime comedy movie directed by John Ford and stars Edmund Lowe, Lee Tracy, Marguerite Churcill, Frank Albertson, Ward Bond, John Wayne, Randolph Scott.
Natasha Liu Bordizzo (; born 25 August 1994) is an Australian actress and model.
She is known for her roles as Snow Vase in Netflix's Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon: Sword of Destiny and Helena in Netflix's The Society.
Mehmet Ali Talat (born 6 July 1952) is a Turkish Cypriot politician.
He was the President of Northern Cyprus from 2005 to 2010.
Talat is the leader of the social democratic Republican Turkish Party (, CTP).
He was the Prime Ministers of Northern Cyprus from 2004 to 2005.
Derviş Eroğlu (born March 7, 1938) is a Turkish Cypriot politician.
He was the third President of Northern Cyprus.
He was the Prime Minister (1985–94, 1996–2004 and again 2009–10) and twice-leader of the National Unity Party.
He became President on 23 April 2010.
He left the office on 30 April 2015.
Mustafa Akıncı (; born 28 December 1947) is a Turkish Cypriot politician.
He served as the fourth President of Northern Cyprus.
from April 2015 to October 2020.
Hakkı Atun (born 1935) is a Turkish Cypriot politician.
He was the Prime Minister Northern Cyprus from 1994 to 1996.
He was born in Famagusta in 1935.
He was the Speaker of the Assembly from 1985 to 1993 and again from 1996 to 1998.
Ersin Tatar (born 1960) is a Turkish Cypriot politician.
He is the Prime Minister of Northern Cyprus since 2019.
He is also the leader of the National Unity Party (UBP) and was Leader of the Opposition.
This is a chronological list of every government formed by the prime ministers of Northern Cyprus.
A new number is allocated to each new Prime Minister.
List of prime ministers of Northern Cyprus (1975–present)
Prime ministers of the Turkish Federated State of Cyprus (1975–1983)
Prime ministers of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (1983–present)
Johannes Wilhelmus "Willy" Hautvast  (31 August 1932 – 6 May 2020) was a Dutch clarinetist, composer and conductor.
He was born in Maastricht, the Netherlands.
He became solo clarinet player in the Dutch Royal Navy Band from 1951 until 1974.
He also became arranger, he arranged around 250 pieces for this band at the Royal Air Force Chapel.
In 1974 he became director at the Band and Classical Department at the Music Education Center The Lindenberg in Nijmegen.
He has conducted several orchestras.
In 1991 he was awarded Knight in the Order of Orange-Nassau.
Sibel Siber (born 13 December 1960) is a Turkish Cypriot politician.
She was the Prime Minister of Northern Cyprus between 13 June 2013 and 2 September 2013.
She was the first female Prime Minister.
Siber was the Speaker of Parliament, the Assembly of the Republic of Northern Cyprus from 2013 to 2018.
List of speakers of the Assembly of the Republic (Northern Cyprus) is the list of individuals who were speakers of the Assembly of the Republic.
The House of Representatives ( ; ) is the parliament of the Republic of Cyprus.
Members are elected by proportional representation every five years.
30% of seats are given to the Turkish Cypriot community, but these have been empty since 1964.
Presidents of the House of Representatives
Glafkos Klerides: August 1960 – July 22, 1976
Tassos Papadopoulos: July 22, 1976 – September 20, 1976
Spyros Kyprianou: September 20, 1976 – September, 1977
Alekos Michaelides: September, 1977 – June 4, 1981
Georgios Ladas: June 4, 1981 – December 30, 1985
Vassos Lyssaridis: December 30, 1985 – May 30, 1991
Alexis Galanos: May 30, 1991 – June 6, 1996
Spyros Kyprianou: June 6, 1996 – June 7, 2001
Dimitris Christofias: June 7, 2001 – February 28, 2008
Marios Karoyian: March 7, 2008 – June 2, 2011
Yiannakis Omirou: June 2, 2011 – June 2, 2016
Demetris Syllouris: June 2, 2016 – present
Demetris Syllouris (; ; born 27 July 1953) is a Greek-Cypriot politician.
He is the President of the Cypriot parliament since 2018.
He was the leader of the European Party between 2005 and 2016.
Alexis Galanos (Greeκ: Αλέξης Γαλανός, 30 August 1940 – 15 July 2019) was a Greek Cypriot politician.
He was President of the House of Representatives of Cyprus from 1991 to 1996.
You Can't Have Everything is a 1937 American musical movie directed by Norman Taurog and starring Alice Faye, Don Ameche, Al Ritz, Jimmy Ritz, Harry Ritz, Gypsy Rose Lee.
Sibel Kekilli (born 16 June 1980) is a German actress.
She is known for her role as Shae in the HBO series Game of Thrones.
She began as a pornographic actress.
Carice Anouk van Houten (; born 5 September 1976) is a Dutch actress and singer.
She became well known for her role in Black Book (2006).
She was nominated for a Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress for Valkyrie (2008).
Van Houten is also known for her role as Melisandre on the HBO television series Game of Thrones (2012–2019).
John Pope was a career military officer during the American Civil War.
He was a general in the Union Army.
Down Argentine Way is a 1940 American musical movie directed by Irving Cummings and starring Betty Grable, Don Ameche, Charlotte Greenwood, Carmen Miranda, Kay Aldridge, Henry Stephenson, J. Carrol Naish.
It was distributed by 20th Century Fox and was nominated for three Academy Awards in 1941.
The Mortal Storm is a 1940 American drama movie directed by Frank Borzage and based on the 1937 novel of the same name by Phyllis Bottome.
It stars Margaret Sullivan, James Stewart, Robert Young, Robert Stack, Frank Morgan, Irene Rich, Ward Bond, Esther Dale and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
Movies directed by Frank Borzage
Enemy Agent is a 1940 American thriller movie directed by Lew Landers and starring Richard Cromwell, Helen Vinson, Robert Armstrong.
Slaughter on Tenth Avenue is a 1957 American crime drama movie directed by Arnold Laven and starring Richard Egan, Jan Sterling, Dan Duryea, Julie Adams, Walter Matthau, Charles McGraw, Mickey Shaughnessy.
The Church of the Gesù (, ) is the mother church of the Society of Jesus (Jesuits), a Catholic religious order.
The Father of the Nation is an honorific title given to a person considered the driving force behind the establishment of his country, state, or a nation.
(plural ), also seen as , was a Roman honorific meaning the "Father of the Fatherland", bestowed by the Senate on heroes, and later on emperors.
In monarchies, the monarch was often considered the "father/mother of the nation" or as a patriarch to guide his family.
This concept is expressed in the Divine Right espoused in some monarchies, while in others it is codified into constitutional law as in Spain, where the monarch is considered the personification and embodiment, the symbol of the unity and permanence of the nation.
The title "Father of the Nation" however is politically contested, e.g. in 1972 the Constitution of Bangladesh declared Sheikh Mujibur Rahman to be "father of the nation".
The BNP government removed this in 2004, to the protests of the opposition Awami League, led by Rahman's daughter Sheikh Hasina.
A round of drinks is a set of alcoholic beverages bought by one person in a group for the whole group.
The buyer buys the round of drinks as a single order at the bar.
In many places it is common for people to take turns buying rounds.
It is a nearly ubiquitous custom in Ireland, the United Kingdom, Canada, New Zealand, and Australia.
In Australia and New Zealand it is called shouting.
Ahmaud Arbery was a 25-year-old African American man.
On February 23, 2020, three white men chased him in trucks and shot him while he was running in Satilla Shores near the town of Brunswick in Georgia.
His death became famous because a video of the shooting on the internet, because of an #IRunWithMaud Twitter campaign, because there was a long delay before the men who shot him were arrested, and because his death and their arrests happened around the same time as the deaths of George Floyd and Breonna Taylor and the Black Lives Matter protests.
Floyd and Taylor are African Americans who were killed by police.
The three men who chased Arbery were charged with many crimes, including murder.
Their hearings and trials were delayed many times because of the COVID-19 pandemic.
On November 24, 2021, all three men were found guilty of murder in a Georgia state court.
They were sentenced to life in prison.
In February 2022, all three men were found guilty of hate crimes in a United States federal court.
On February 23, Gregory McMichael, 64 years old, and his son Travis, 34 years old, saw Arbery running through the neighborhood.
They said they thought he looked like the same man who had been breaking into houses nearby.
They got their guns and got into their truck to chase Arbery.
Another man, William Bryan, came with them in his own car.
There was some kind of fight, during which Arbery was shot and killed.
According to the Georgia Board of Investigation, Travis, not Gregory, shot Arbery.
Gregory McMichael said that Arbery had attacked Travis.
According to Arbery's family and friends, he was running for exercise and was in Santilla Shores because he lived nearby.
People involved
Ahmaud Arbery, a 25-year-old black man.
George McMichael, 64, a former police officer.
Travis McMichael, 34, George McMichael's son.
William "Roddy" Bryan, another man who recorded a video of the shooting.
Arrests and hearings
On May 5, a video showing the shooting was released to the public.
Gregory and Travis McMichael were arrested on May 7.
The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) both said it was bad that it had taken so long.
The McMichaels are both white.
The McMichaels and William Bryan had their first hearing at Glynn County Magistrate Court on June 4, 2020.
They appeared by video instead of in person because of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Judge Wallace E. Harrell said there was enough evidence for all three men to go to trial.
On June 24, 2020, District Attorney Holmes told the public that a grand jury had indicted all three men on nine crimes: one count each of malice murder (intentional murder), false imprisonment, criminal attempt to commit false imprisonment, two counts of aggravated assault and four counts of felony murder.
The highest possible punishment for these crimes is life in prison without parole.
On July 17, all three men pleaded not guilty.
Chatham County Superior Court Judge Timothy Walmsley decided not to release William Bryan on bail because he was worried Bryan would run away.
The Georgia Bureau of Investigation also investigated Bryan for sex crimes.
On November 13, a judge denied bail for Gregory and Travis McMichaels.
This means they stayed in jail until their trial.
They could not return home or prepare for their trial outside of jail.
On February 23, Prosecutor George E. Barnhill wrote a letter to the Glynn County police saying he thought the police should not arrest the McMichaels.
He said they had been in "hot pursuit" of Arbery, that they had a good reason to believe Arbery had committed a crime, and had told him out loud to stop running.
In Georgia, it is legal for ordinary people to stop and hold a suspected criminal until the police arrive.
As of mid-May, four district attorneys had worked on this case one after the other.
Because Gregory McMichael had worked as a police officer and worked for the Brunswick district attorney's office, it was difficult to find a district attorney who could charge McMichael with a crime.
In the United States, prosecutors are not allowed to prosecute people they know, only strangers.
The first two, Jackie Johnson and George E. Barnhill, both recused themselves, meaning they willingly left the case, because they or someone they knew had worked with one Gregory McMichael.
The third prosecutor to work on the case, Tom Durden, came from Georgia's Atlantic Judicial Circuit.
On May 5, he asked the Georgia Board of Investigation to find the facts.
Durden decided to begin criminal processes against the McMichaels later that week.
On May 7, 2020, Gregory and Travis McMichael were arrested and brought to a Georgia jail.
They were charged with felony murder and aggravated assault.
Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, the state of Georgia decided not to have any more grand juries until June 2020.
In the United States, a grand jury decides whether a suspected criminal should have a trial.
They decide this by looking at the evidence to see if there is enough.
If they say yes, the suspects have a trial.
If they say no, the suspects go free.
On May 11, Georgia Attorney General Chris Carr put district attorney Joyette M. Holmes on the case.
She was the fourth district attorney to work on the Ahmaud Arbery shooting case.
Travis McMichael hired the lawyers Bob Rubin and Jason Sheffield and Gregory McMichael hired Laura Hogue and Frank Hogue.
Both sets of lawyers asked the public not to make decisions too soon.
Before recusing himself, Barnhill said it is legal in Georgia for the McMichaels to take their guns and chase someone if they believe that person is a criminal trying to escape being caught, but the crime must be a felony, or large crime.
It is also legal for them to defend themselves if that person attacks them.
The law reads: "A private person may arrest an offender if the offense is committed in his presence or within his immediate knowledge.
If the offense is a felony and the offender is escaping or attempting to escape, a private person may arrest him upon reasonable and probable grounds of suspicion."
This is called a citizen's arrest law.
If Arbery entered a house but left without stealing anything or harming anyone, then he might be guilty of trespassing, which is a misdemeanor crime, or small crime, but not a felony crime.
The video that appeared May 5 was filmed from a moving car or truck that was following the McMichaels' white truck.
The video shows a black man running on the right side of the truck.
Then he crosses in front of the truck and cannot be seen.
Then there is some kind of fight, and three gunshots.
Then the black man falls to the ground.
William "Roddy" Bryan recorded the video.
He gave a copy to the police and then gave a copy to a lawyer named Alan Tucker.
Tucker later gave the video to the radio station WGIG.
The people at WGIG said it was from an anonymous source.
On May 8, Alan Tucker said he was the one who gave the video to the radio station.
The McMichaels had talked to Tucker about Tucker working as their lawyer, which he later decided not to do because he knew Gregory McMichael from his work.
Tucker said he gave the video to WGIG so people could see exactly what happened. "
It wasn't two men with a Confederate flag in the back of a truck going down the road and shooting a jogger in the back.
It got the truth out there as to what you could see," said Tucker. "
My purpose was not to exonerate them or convict them."
The Georgia Bureau of Investigation began to investigate William Bryan.
A lawyer for Arbery's family said that Bryan must have been helping the McMichaels chase Arbery.
In a police report made the day of the shooting, Gregory McMichael told a Glynn County police officer that Bryan had tried to stop Arbery from running away from them.
In late May, Bryan was arrested and charged with criminal attempt to commit false imprisonment and felony murder.
Under U.S. law, that means that if Bryan was helping the McMichaels commit a serious crime, then deaths that happened during that crime are Bryan's fault as well, even if he did not shoot anyone himself.
In May, another video taken on February 23 was released to the public.
It showed Arbery entering a house under construction, looking around, and leaving.
The man who owned the house, Larry English, told CNN that nothing had been stolen.
On May 8, thousands of people ran 2.23 miles (2 for the month of February and .23 for the 23rd day of February, the date Arbery died).
May 8 is Arbery's birthday, and he would have turned 26 years old if he had not died.
Many of the runners posted the hashtag #IRunWithMaud on social media.
Jason Vaughn and Akeem Baker invented the hashtag.
Vaughn was the running coach at Arbery's high school and Baker was Arbery's friend.
They both said Arbery was an excellent runner and racer.
In June, at the same time as the George Floyd protests, the Georgia NAACP planned a March on Georgia.
Thousands of people marched to the Georgia state capitol building to stop police brutality.
The marchers also said they were marching because Georgia had made it harder for black people to vote by closing so many voting places that the ones that were left had very long lines, because they think Georgia's citizens arrest laws are unfair, because of the killings of Rayshard Brooks, Ahmaud Arbery, Breonna Taylor and George Floyd.
The Georgia citizens arrest law is what the McMichaels claim made it legal for them to chase and try to stop Arbery.
The state of Georgia performed an autopsy on Ahmaud Arbery's body.
They found he had been shot twice in the chest and once on his wrist and had not taken any drugs or alcohol.
The autopsy report said Arbery had died in a homicide, meaning a killing of one human by other humans.
On June 24, after the shooting but before any trials, the Georgia State Senate passed a law against hate crimes.
Many American states already had hate crime laws, but Georgia did not.
Hate crime laws make it a separate, additional crime to harm someone because of what group they belong to or look like they belong to.
The court cannot use the Georgia state hate crime law in the Arbery case because it was made after the crime happened.
The United States does not allow ex post facto laws.
That is, it does not allow anyone to be punished for something that was not a crime when they did it.
The United States' federal government has its own hate crime law.
The three men are charged with hate crimes "on the federal level."
That means that the hate crime trials are being run by the main government of the country, not by the state of Georgia.
At first, no date was set for the trials of Arbery's killers.
This was because of the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic.
McMichael, McMichael and Bryan waited for their trials in jail.
On October 18, 2021, jury selection for the trial began.
The jury would have eleven white people and one black person.
The trial lasted about two weeks.
Lawyers for the three men said that they were only protecting their neighborhood.
They said the accused men thought Arbery was dangerous.
Travis McMichael got on the stand and spoke to the jury, saying he shot Arbery in self-defense.
On November 24, the jury found all three men guilty on most of the counts, including felony murder.
Judge Timothy R. Walmsley gave the sentences (punishments) on January 7, 2022.
Travis and Gregory McMichael were sentenced to life in prison without the possibility of parole.
William Bryan was sentenced to life in prison with the possibility of parole.
Bryan must be in prison for 30 years before he may ask for parole.
All three men are allowed to appeal, to ask the State of Georgia to change or stop their punishments at the Georgia Supreme Court.
All three men are also to go on trial at the federal level.
Federal hate crime trial
On January 31, 2022, Travis McMichael offered to plead guilty to federal hate crimes.
In exchange, lawyers for the government said he could spend the first 30 years of his sentence in a federal prison, then go to a Georgia state prison.
However, Judge Lisa Godbey Wood of the U.S. District Court said no.
It is very unusual for a judge to refuse a plea deal that prosecutors have made with a defendant.
This means McMichael would go on trial for hate crimes.
On February 22, 2022, a jury said all three men were guilty of federal hate crimes.
2020 in the United States
2020s murders in the United States
2020s in Georgia (U.S. state)
Murder in 2020
Racially-motivated violence in the United States
Micropigmentation is a process through which tattoos (permanent pigmentation of the dermis) are designed in such a way that it resemble makeup like eyelining and other permanent enhancing colors to the skin of the face, lips, and eyelids.
Micropigmentation is also used to create artificial eyebrows, particularly in people who have lost them as a consequence of old age or disease.
This is also used by people to disguise scars and white spots in the skin such as in vitiligo.
Fraisse-Cabardès is a commune of 104 people (2017).
Fraissé-des-Corbières is a commune of 220 people (2017).
Gaja-la-Selve is a commune of 143 people (2017).
She initially started posting her artworks and modeling photos through her social media platforms like Facebook, Tumblr and Instagram.
In late 2010, she had developed a fan base around her art and modelling.
Then she started traveling to create contacts with international photographers and artists to get herself involved in collaborations and campaigns.
After coming to United States in 2013, Sara Fabel retired from modeling and started her career in art.
Ayron is a commune in the Vienne department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in western France.
Cahuzac, Aude, in the Aude department
Cahuzac, Lot-et-Garonne, in the Lot-et-Garonne department
Cahuzac, Tarn, in the Tarn department
Cahuzac-sur-Adour, in the Gers department
Cahuzac-sur-Vère, in the Tarn department
Khichdi (), is a dish from the Indian subcontinent made from rice and lentils (dal), but other variations include bajra and mung dal kichri.
In Indian culture, it is considered one of the first solid foods that babies eat.
Kichri is a salty porridge.
The Anglo-Indian dish Kedgeree is thought to derive from khichri.
India has designated it as the "National dish", as it is being globally promoted by the Government of India as "Queen of all Foods".
Richard Jantz is an American Anthropologist.
He focused on fields such as forensic anthropology, genetics, and also organized existing information in databases.
He has written over 100 published articles, and his research has led the fields of physical and forensic anthropology.
Jantz is currently a professor for the Department of Anthropology at the University of Tennessee.
Richard Jantz grew up in central Kansas, and went to Kansas University.
At school, he found that his strengths lay in statistical analysis.
Jantz's recent research involves measuring the differences in bone size and shape between different Native American tribes.
In this research, he challenged work done by Franz Boas, a founder of modern anthropology.
The original study, done by Boas in the early 1900s, showed that children born in America had bones closer to other American adults, and children born in Europe had bones closer to those of other Europeans.
In 2002, Jantz did his own study to test Boas' findings.
He writes that he found no significant difference between the bones of American and European children, but his study receives criticism from many other anthropologists.
A well-respected anthropologist, Jonathan Marks, said that Jantz's new research "has the ring of desperation to it (if not obfuscation), and has been quickly rebutted by more mainstream biological anthropology."
Later, other anthropologists also looked back over Boas' study and found that he was actually correct.
Richard Jantz has also worked to advance scientific methods of determining sex based on bone shape.
He has worked with many Native American remains to organize data in large computer databases.
Jantz played a large role in the discovery and legal battle over a prehistoric skeleton called the Kennewick Man, suing the government to get more access to it for research.
He argued that since the skeleton was radiocarbon dated to about 9,000 years old, no modern-day Native American tribes could really claim the skeletons as their own under the NAGPRA law.
Generville is a commune of 60 people (2017).
Gourvieille is a commune of 76 people (2017).
Gruissan is a commune of 5,000 people (2017).
Homps is a commune of 591 people (2017).
Issel is a commune of 488 people (2017).
Roquetaillade-et-Conilhac is a commune of 277 people (2017).
The municipality was created on 1 January 2019 and consists of the former communes of Roquetaillade (the seat) and Conilhac-de-la-Montagne.
A speech disorder or speech impairment is a persistent communication problem, caused by problems with speaking.
People with speech impairments have problems making certain sounds, forming words, or combining these words into sentences.
Common speech impairments are stuttering and lisps.
Someone who cannot speak at all is called mute.
Clatsop County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oregon.
As of the 2010 census, the county has a population of 37,039 people.
Clay Center is a city in Nebraska in the United States.
Broken Bow is a city in Nebraska in the United States.
Minden is a city in Nebraska in the United States.
It is the county seat of Kearney County.
Gering is a city in Nebraska in the United States.
Hyannis is a village in Nebraska in the United States.
Jonquières is a commune of 59 people (2017).
Labastide-d'Anjou is a commune of 1,326 people (2017).
Laprade is a commune of 95 people (2017).
Godzilla: The Series - Major Anthony Hicks
Superman: The Animated Series - Kalibak
24 - Jonathan Wallace
A Bug's Life - Dim
Asterix and the Vikings - Timandahaf
Hercules - Nessus
Muppet Treasure Island - Billy Bones
Over the Hedge - Dwayne LaFontant
Renaissance - Nusrat Farfella
Robots - Jack Hammer
Sinbad: Legend of the Seven Seas - Kale
The Incredibles - Mr. Incredible/Bob Parr
Dark Messiah of Might and Magic - Human Leader
A Condorcet method (; ) is one of many election methods that elects the candidate that is preferred by more voters than their opponent in every head-to-head election against each of the other candidates, whenever there is such a candidate.
This candidate, known as the pairwise champion or beats-all winner, is formally called the Condorcet winner.
A Condorcet winner might not always exist in a particular election because the preference of a group of voters selecting from more than two options can possibly be cyclic — that is, it is possible (but very rare) that every candidate has an opponent that defeats them in a two-candidate contest. (
This is similar to the game rock paper scissors, where each hand shape wins against only one opponent and loses to another).
The possibility of such cyclic preferences in a group of voters is known as the Condorcet paradox.
However, there always exists a smallest group of candidates that beats all candidates not in the group, known as the Smith set, which is guaranteed to only have the Condorcet winner in it when one exists; many Condorcet methods always elect a candidate who is in the Smith set when there is no Condorcet winner, and are thus said to be "Smith-efficient".
The Condorcet winner is also usually but not necessarily the utilitarian winner (the one which maximizes social welfare).
Condorcet voting methods are named for the 18th-century French mathematician and philosopher Marie Jean Antoine Nicolas Caritat, the Marquis de Condorcet, who championed such voting systems.
However, Ramon Llull devised the earliest known Condorcet method in 1299.
It always elects the same candidate as Copeland's method in cases with no pairwise ties.
Most Condorcet methods have a single round of preferential voting, in which each voter ranks the candidates from most preferred (marked as number 1) to least preferred (marked with a higher number).
A voter's ranking is often called their order of preference.
The votes can be tallied in many ways to find a winner.
Some - the Condorcet methods - will elect the Condorcet winner if there is one.
They can also elect a winner when there is no Condorcet winner, and different Condorcet-compliant methods may elect different winners in the case of a cycle.
The procedure given in Robert's Rules of Order for voting on motions and amendments is also a Condorcet method, even though the voters do not vote by ranking the candidates.
There are multiple rounds of voting, and in each round the vote is between two of the alternatives.
The loser (by majority rule) of a pairing is eliminated, and the winner of a pairing is paired in a later round against another alternative.
This is similar to a single-winner or round-robin tournament; the total number of pairings is one less than the number of alternatives.
Since a Condorcet winner will win by majority rule in each of its pairings, it will never be eliminated by Robert's Rules.
But this method cannot reveal a voting paradox in which there is no Condorcet winner and a majority prefer an early loser over the eventual winner (though it will always elect someone in the Smith set).
A lot of the literature on social choice theory is about this method since it is widely used and is used by important organizations (legislatures, councils, committees, etc.).
It is not practical for use in public elections, however, since its multiple rounds of voting would be very expensive for voters, for candidates, and for governments.
However, because of the possibility of the Condorcet paradox, it is possible, but unlikely, that this can't be done.
This is sometimes called a Condorcet cycle or just cycle and can be thought of as Candidate Rock beating Candidate Scissors, Candidate Scissors beating Candidate Paper, and Candidate Paper beating Candidate Rock.
If there is no cycle (and no ties), all Condorcet methods elect the same candidate.
Each voter ranks the candidates in order of preference (top-to-bottom, or best-to-worst, or 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc.).
The voter may be allowed to rank candidates as equals, to express indifference (no preference) between them.
To save time, candidates omitted by a voter may be treated as if the voter ranked them at the bottom.
For each pairing of candidates (as in a round-robin tournament) count how many votes rank each candidate over the other candidate.
Thus each pairing will have two totals: the size of its majority and the size of its minority (or there will be a tie).
For most Condorcet methods, the pairwise counts are all that is necessary to figure out who won, who came in 2nd place, etc.
and can be used to figure out if there is a Condorcet winner, and who it is.