the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
Oil sands, or tar sands are an unconventional source of petroleum.
The oil sands are a mixture of sand, clay and water together with a dense and extremely sticky form of petroleum referred to as bitumen.
Natural bitumen is found in many countries, with the largest quantities in Canada, Kazakhstan and Russia.
The estimated worldwide deposits are more than 2 trillion barrels (320 billion cubic metres).
These estimates include deposits that have not yet been discovered.
Around 70% of all proven reserves are in Canada.
Oil produced from bitumen sands is often referred to as unconventional oil, to separate it from traditional liquid oil.
The production process is very energy consuming so that the net energy gain is much smaller compared to traditional oil.
Making liquid fuels from oil sands requires much energy and produces 12 percent more greenhouse gases per barrel of final product than production of traditional oil.
Therefore oil sands have only recently been considered to be part of the world's oil reserves.
Higher oil prices now allow for profitable extraction and processing.
Getting the oil sands off the ground often destroys large areas of land.
Much water is used to separate the oil from the sand and then left polluted.
Carbon dioxide and other emissions from the extraction process are polluting the air.
In 2012 the European Union (EU) said that it may declare oil sands oil as "highly polluting".
This caused stress between the EU and Canada.
350.org is an international environmental organization.
It was started by author Bill McKibben, with the goal of building a global grassroots movement to fight against global warming and the  of global warming.
However the main goal is to lower the emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in order to avoid climate change problems.
The name 350.org comes the research of scientist Dr. James Hansen.
He wrote in a scientific paper in 2007 that the level of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere should not be higher than 350 parts-per-million (ppm).
According to scientific research this is a safe maximum to avoid a climate tipping point.
350.org works with over 300 other organizations around the world.
It has had people supporting the organization as "messengers".
Among them are Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Alex Steffen, Bianca Jagger and David Suzuki.
Van Jones and Gus Speth are on 350's U.S. Advisory Council.
350.org has a Board of Directors.
Keystone XL pipeline
350.org is strongly against the Keystone XL pipeline project.
The pipeline is currently being built to transport tar sand oil from Canada through the United States to oil refineries in the Gulf of Mexico.
NASA climatologist James Hansen described the Keystone XL pipeline as "game over" for the planet, and called the amount of carbon stored in Canadian tar sands a "fuse to the largest carbon bomb on the planet".
Fossil Fuel Divestment
350.org wants colleges and universities, as well as cities, religious institutions, and pension funds to withdraw their investments from fossil fuel companies.
They propose the money should rather be invested in sustainable companies.
Do The Math: The Movie
The Do The Math movie is a 42-minute documentary about the movement, the science behind the climate crisis and how to end the age of fossil fuels.
Connect the Dots 5.May.2012
People's Climate March
World Wildlife Fund
IPCC
Photos of 350.org activities on Flickr.
Check the current level of CO2 in the Earth's atmosphere
Fulk V (1092–1143), called "le Jeune" (the younger), was a French nobleman who was the Count of Anjou from 1109 to 1129.
He was the Count of Maine (jure uxoris) 1110–1129.
Fulk was a crusader, Knight Templar and was the King of Jerusalem (jure uxoris) from 1131 to his death.
Fulk le Jeune, born in 1092, was the younger son of Fulk IV le Réchin and his fifth wife Bertrade de Montfort.
She was the daughter of Simon de Montfort, Count de Montfort l'Amaury.
As an infant he was probably taken with his mother to be raised at the French court.
He was at the French court in 1106 when the news arrived of his half-brother, Geoffrey IV, Count of Anjou's death.
King Philip I then made his step-son, Fulk V, the Count of Anjou.
The French king then made Duke William of Aquitaine Fulk's guardian as Fulk was not yet old enough to rule on his own.
However the duke put Fulk in prison.
Nothing the king or queen threatened could get Duke William to release the boy.
After a year his father, Fulk le Réchin finally paid the duke a ransom of several towns on the border with Poitou.
Fulk le Réchin died two years later on April 14, 1109.
Fulk V "je June" succeeded his father as the count of Anjou.
Count of Anjou and Maine
In 1110 Fulk V le Jeune married Eremburge of Maine.
When her father, Count Elias, died a few months later, Fulk V became the Count of Maine in right of his wife.
But this brought him into immediate conflict with King Henry I of England who also claimed Maine.
For a time Fulk was the first Angevin count to directly rule Maine.
In 1113 Henry I arranged to meet with Fulk V at Alençon.
There they arranged a peace agreement.
To seal the agreement they made a marriage alliance.
Fulk's infant daughter, Matilda, was promised in marriage to Henry's nine-year-old son, William Adelin.
Fulk V remained the Count of Maine but he swore fealty to King Henry I as his overlord.
Without his Angevin ally Fulk, King Louis VI of France was forced to make peace with King Henry I. King Louis confirmed the lordship (overlordship) of Maine to Henry I. Henry then attacked the lands of Robert de Bellême; joined by Fulk V. Bellême was defeated and Henry I returned to England.
Fulk V returned to Anjou to deal with a revolt in Angers.
In 1116 Louis IV raided into Normandy again.
Louis had supported Henry I's nephew, William Clito as the Duke of Normandy.
By 1117 King Louis IV of France, Count Baldwin VII of Flanders and Fulk V of Anjou were all supporting William Clito against Henry I of England.
The next summer Henry I returned to Normandy and the war began.
Fulk V defeated Henry I at La Motte-Gautier on the border of Maine.
In October 1118 Fulk V again defeated Henry I at Alençon.
Finally, after a series of defeats Henry I made peace with Fulk V. They sealed their truce by allowing the marriage of Fulk's daughter Matilda with Henry's son William William Adelin.
Fulk V gave Maine as a dowry for his daughter Matilda.
In 1120 Fulk V then made a pilgrimage to the Holy Land.
He spent a year at Jerusalem.
According to Orderic Vitalis he joined the Knights Templar.
When he returned to Anjou Fulk left 100 knights behind for a year to help defend the Kingdom.
He continued to pay the Templars a substantial yearly donation for the rest of his life.
Fulk le Jeune returned to Anjou in early 1121.
He learned that William Adelin, his new son-in-law William had drowned in the shipwreck of the White Ship.
The treaty with Anjou then died with Henry's son.
Fulk's daughter Matilda was safe; she had not been on the White ship.
Fulk demanded her return to Anjou.
But Henry delayed her return and kept part of her dowry.
By 1122 she was back in Anjou.
Fulk broke off all relations with Henry and made another marriage alliance with Henry's nephew and enemy, William Clito.
William was to marry Fulk's daughter Sibyl.
He again gave his new son-in-law the lordship of Maine as her dowry.
As Henry dealt with his rebel Norman barons one by one, by 1124 Fulk V was William Clito's only supporter.
Henry now did everything he could to get the pope to annul the marriage between William Clito and Sibyl.
On 26 August 1124 Pope Calixtus II annulled the marriage of William Clito and Sibyl because they were too closely related.
In 1126 Fulk le Jeune's wife, Eremburge, Countess of Maine and Anjou died.
In Germany,Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor died.
His wife the Empress Matilda was Henry I of England's only living legitimate child.
Henry called her back to England.
Henry made all his English and Norman barons swear that in case Henry had no sons they would make Matilda the Queen of England succeeding him.
In 1127 Henry made peace again with Fulk le Jeune and offered a new marriage alliance.
Fulk's son, Geoffrey was to wed the Empress Matilda and Maine would be settled on the new couple.
In June 1128, Henry I came to Rouen and there knighted Geoffrey of Anjou.
A week later the couple was married.
About this same time Fulk le Jeune had received representatives of King Baldwin II of Jerusalem.
king Baldwin II had no sons but he had four daughters.
He offered the hand of his oldest daughter, Melisende, to Fulk le June along with the crown of the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem.
Fulk was well known in Jerusalem from his earlier visit and the money he sent the Knights Templar every year.
In Jerusalem Melisende became officially the heiress of the kingdom.
She would rule as Queen at her father's death.
After the wedding of his son Geoffrey, Fulk le Jeune and his children all met at the Fontevraud Abbey where his daughter Matilda became a nun.
They said their farewells and Fulk le Jeune set off for Jerusalem.
Geoffrey V, nicknamed "la Bel" was to rule Anjou in his father's absence.
In the spring of 1129 Fulk le Jeune arrived in Jerusalem.
He and Melisende were married.
As a part of their marriage contract at the death of her father, King Baldwin II, Fulk and Melisende were to rule Jerusalem together.
As a dowry Fulk and Melisende received the two most valuable ports in the kingdom, Tyre and Acre.
Fulk brought a large number of knights and foot soldiers with him from Anjou.
King of Jerusalem
In 1131, on the death of Baldwin II of Jerusalem, Fulk was crowned king.
Melisende was crowned Queen at the same time.
But from the beginning of their rule Fulk attempted to ruled alone.
He tried to keep Melisende from having an active part in ruling Jerusalem.
Fulk began replacing governors and counsellors with his own followers from Anjou.
Many had served several of the Kings of Jerusalem.
Their loss of favor with the new king caused a great deal of resentment.
Between 1133 and 1134 a revolt started among the nobility of Jerusalem led by count Count Hugh II of Jaffa.
Fulk called on Count Hugh to appear before him but Hugh refused.
Fulk then took away Hugh's fief of Jaffa.
Hugh was angry and joined with their enemies the Fatimid Egyptians.
But his followers left Hugh and came back to King Fulk.
Hugh next submitted to King Fulk and was exiled for three years.
The revolt was broken.
During the revolt however, the Seljuks of Damascus were able to take back Banyas.
But Fulk realized he could not exclude Melisende and from then on allowed her to share in ruling the kingdom.
In 1132 Pons, Count of Tripoli was defeated by Seljuks and was under siege at the castle of Montferrand (Baarin).
Fulk rushed to his aid and forced the enemy to retreat.
In 1134 Fulk raided into Hauran (in present-day Syria and Jordan).
But he was forced to retreat when Seljuks countered by attacking Jerusalem.
In September the two sides agreed to a peace.
In 1136 Fulk began building castles around the fortress city of Ascalon.
This was to prevent raids on Jerusalem by the Egyptian Fatimids.
He also built a castle at Beth Gibelin and placed it in the care of the Knights Hospitaller.
Also in 1136 the Grand Master (leader) of the Knights Templar, Hugues de Payens, died.
Fulk used his influence with the Templars to get one of his own Angevins, Robert of Craon, elected Grand Master.
In 1137 Fulk was besieged at Montferrand.
The Patriarch of Jerusalem marched an army to relieve the fortress.
But Fulk did not know his own army was coming to his rescue.
The Seljuks knew of this and quickly offered Fulk favorable terms.
King Fulk surrendered the castle in exchange for his own freedom.
In 1137 while the Christians and Muslims were engaged with each other a new force was entering the area.
John, the Byzantine Emperor was moving against Antioch.
He decided to take back the city and began attacking the walls.
Too powerful for Fulk to deal with he decided to surrender Antioch to the Emperor.
The Prince of Antioch, Raymond of Poitiers, had to surrender to the Emperor in person.
Then, with the Byzantine flag above the city and Raymond still the Prince, the Emperor returned to Constantinople.
Fulk, the King of Jerusalem, lost his control over Antioch.
On 10 November 1143 Fulk died in a hunting accident falling from his horse.
After Fulk's death Melisende took control of Jerusalem.
She ruled as queen and as regent for their oldest son Baldwin III.
In 1110, Fulk married Ermengarde of Maine († 1126), the daughter of Elias I of Maine.
Geoffrey V (1113–1151), succeeded his father as count of Anjou.
Elias II († 1151), succeeded his father as the count of Maine.
Sibylla (1112–1165), married first William Clito.
She married second Thierry, Count of Flanders.
Matilda († 1154), married William Adelin.
As his widow she became a nun and later abbess at Fontevraud Abbey.
His second wife was Melisende, Queen of Jerusalem, the daughter of King Baldwin II of Jerusalem and Morphia of Melitene.
Baldwin III, King of Jerusalem.
Amalric I, King of Jerusalem.
1143 deaths
Pacific Rim is a 2013 American science fiction monster movie.
It was directed by Guillermo del Toro, and written by Toro and Travis Beacham.
It was produced by Legendary Pictures and distributed by Warner Bros.. It was released on July 12, 2013.
Critics gave it good reviews.
They liked its special effects and action scenes.
It made more than $384 million worldwide.
In 2013, the Earth's cities are attacked by Kaiju, very large monsters who come from a portal on the floor of the Pacific Ocean.
To battle them, the nations in the Pacific Rim build the Jaegars: very large robots piloted by two people whose brains are linked to the robots.
This allows the pilots to control the robots using their mind, and the robots do the same actions that the pilots do.
Although the Jaegars work well in killing the Kaiju, the attacks happen more often and are more powerful.
By 2025, the governments of the Pacific Rim have ended the Jaegar project and build very large walls to protect humans from the Kaiju.
Most of the film is set in this period, focusing on the war's later days.
The Fifth Estate is a 2013 drama-thriller movie based on the real life events of WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange.
It stars Benedict Cumberbatch, Laura Linney, and Stanley Tucci.
It was released on October 18, 2013 to negative reviews.
Julia Ann "Julie" Harris (December 2, 1925 – August 24, 2013) was an American actress.
She won five Tony Awards, three Emmy Awards and a Grammy Award, and was nominated for an Academy Award.
In 1994, she was awarded the National Medal of Arts.
She was a member of the American Theatre Hall of Fame and received the 2002 Special Lifetime Achievement Tony Award.
Harris was born on December 2, 1925 in Grosse Pointe, Michigan.
She studied at University Liggett School.
Harris was raised in Chatham, Massachusetts.
Harris was married to Jay Julian from 1946 until they divorced in 1954.
Then she was married to Manning Gurian from 1954 until they divorced in 1967.
She was married to Walter Carroll from 1977 until they divorced in 1982.
She had one son, Peter Gurian.
Julie Harris Documentary and Narration Work
TonyAwards.com Interview with Julie Harris
The SpongeBob Movie: Sponge Out of Water is a 2015 3D animated/live action superhero comedy movie based on Nickelodeon's SpongeBob SquarePants television series.
It is preceded by The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie.
It was produced by Nickelodeon Movies and Paramount Animation, and was distributed by Paramount Pictures.
It was released theatrically on February 6, 2015.
The movie released February 6, 2015 on HD Digital.
It was nominated in the 2015 Kids' Choice Awards for "Favorite Animated Movie", but lost to Disney's 54th feature film Big Hero 6.
A diabolical pirate named Burger Beard (Antonio Banderas) above the sea steals the secret Krabby Patty formula.
SpongeBob (Tom Kenny), Patrick (Bill Fagerbakke), Mr. Krabs (Clancy Brown), Sandy (Carolyn Lawrence) and Squidward (Rodger Bumpass) must team up with Plankton (Mr. Lawrence) in order to get it back unbounce.
Tom Kenny as SpongeBob SquarePants/Invincibubble and Gary the Snail
Bill Fagerbakke as Patrick Star/Mr. Superawesomeness
Mr. Lawrence as Plankton/Plank-Ton
Clancy Brown as Mr. Krabs/Sir Pinch-A-Lot
Rodger Bumpass as Squidward Tentacles/Sour Note
Carolyn Lawrence as Sandy Cheeks/The Rodent
Antonio Banderas as Burger-Beard the Pirate
Paul Tibbitt as Kyle the Seagull
Nolan North as Pigeon Cabbie
The seagulls' voices are provided by Tim Conway, Rick Gomez, Jess Harnell, Tara Strong, Maile Flanagan, Melissa Disney, Nika Futterman, Pamela Adlon, Kevin Michael Richardson, Russi Taylor, Billy West, Rob Paulsen, Carlos Alazraqui, Eddie Deezen, John Kassir, Cree Summer, April Stewart, Nolan North, and Eric Bauza.
Invincibubble sound straw topper
Plank-ton smasher straw topper
Mr. Superawesomeness sound straw topper
Sir-pinch-a-lot claw pinching straw topper
Sour Note sound straw topper
Spinnin' eyes Invincibubble
Patrick power squirter
Booster Krabs
SpongeBob super bubbles
The Hepburn Regional Park is a large bush and forest park which surrounds the towns of Daylesford and Hepburn Springs, in the Central Highlands area of Victoria, Australia.
The Hepburn Regional Park was set up in 1977.
It covers an area of 1,800 hectares.
The park features a large number of minerals springs.
In the Victorian gold rush of the 1850s' and 1860's there was a lot of gold mining in the area.
There are many of these old gold mining sites within the forest.
At the Blowhole on Sailors Creek, the miners dug a large tunnel to change the path of the creek so that they could search for gold.
The Mount Franklin Reserve is also a part of the Hepburn Regional Park.
This reserve protects the scoria cone of Mount Franklin, an extinct volcano.
Most of the forest is fairly dry, with the main trees being box, peppermint and stringybark.
In the south of the forest the climate is wetter, and manna gums, messmates and candlebark trees are common.
In spring there are many wildflowers, including the Victorian floral emblem, Common or Pink Heath.
The Creswick Regional Park, also known as the Creswick State Forest, is a large forest near the town of Creswick.
It covers an area of 930 hectares.
Much of the forest was heavily logged to supply timber to the gold mines in Ballarat and Creswick during the 1850s and 1860s.
Many gold mining sites can be found in the forest.
St.Georges Lake is a man-made lake built to supply water for hydraulic sluicing.
Eaton's Dam is another gold water supply.
In 1942, students from the Creswick Forestry School fenced a small area of forest to create a breeding area for koalas.
However the koalas were able to climb the fence, and the Koala Park was not successful.
A section of the Great Dividing Trail, the Wallaby Track, passes through the Creswick Regional Park.
Some of it follows the water races built by the gold miners to supply water for their activities.
In mathematics and computer science the term Canonical form, or sometimes Normal form refers to the usual representation of a mathematical object.
For example, the canonical form of a positive integer in decimal representation is a finite sequence of digits that does not begin with zero.
Mathematics has defined equivalence relations for some objects.
These equivalence relations say that certain classes of objects are "equal".
These objects then belong to the same equivalence class.
In such a case, a canonical form consists in the choice of a specific object in each class.
For example, row echelon form and Jordan normal form are canonical forms for matrices.
The Enfield State Park, also known as the Enfield State Forest, is a large forest reserve south of Ballarat, Victoria, Australia.
It covers an area of about 4,600 hectares.
The Enfield State Park was once the site for gold mining, and there are many gold mining relics in the area.
There was a Chinese settlement at Surface Point during the gold rush.
There were temples, tearooms, gaming tents, herbalists and market gardens.
People are still able to go searching for gold in the park.
Timber from the forest was used for mining and building.
There was a eucalyptus distillery at the town of Enfield, making eucalyptus oil.
The forest is an open dry forest, with messmates, peppermints, swamp gums, manna gums and the rare Yarra Gum.
Over 100 bird species, and 22 native mammal species have been seen in the park.
Messmate is a common name for a group of Eucalyptus trees.
They all have rough bark.
It is not known where the name came from.
E. acmenoides (Yellow Messmate)
E. cloeziana (Messmate, Gympie Messmate, Queensland Messmate, Yellow Messmate)
E. exserta (Messmate, Yellow Messmate)
E. macta (Red Messmate)
E. obliqua (Messmate, Messmate Stringybark)
E. resinifera (Red Messmate)
E. robertsonii (Messmate, New South Wales Messmate)
E. robusta (Swamp Messmate)
E. tetradonta (Messmate)
Eucalyptus viminalis, or Manna Gum, is also known as White Gum, Ribbon Gum or Viminalis.
It is an Australian eucalypt.
It is a straight tree growing to about 40 metres tall.
It has rough bark on the trunk and the larger branches.
The bark on the upper part of the tree peels away in long "ribbons" which can collect on the branches and surrounding ground.
The tree with the largest recorded diameter (324.7 cm) is at Woodbourne in Marlborough, New Zealand.
E. viminalis grows in the cooler areas of Australia where the leaves are the favoured food of Koalas.
The sap has a 5–15% sugar content which makes it an essential food for tree dwelling marsupials like the Yellow-bellied Glider, and the Sugar Glider.
E. viminalis subsp.
viminalis – NSW, Victoria, Tasmania, Mount Lofty Range of South Australia
cygnetensis – western Victoria, southeastern South Australia
pryoriana – southern Victoria
Timber is a pale pink to pinkish brown colour, often with distinctive light grey streaks.
The attractive light pink tones of this species and its easy workability mean it is often used to make furniture.
It has low strength and durability which makes it unsuitable for structural use, however some is used for house framing.
It can grow in temperatures as low as  −15 degrees Celsius (+5 °F) or more making it suitable for planting in Europe.
Eucalyptus dives or broad-leaved peppermint is a small tree found in the temperate dry sclerophyll woodlands and forests of south-eastern Australia.
The leaves have a strong peppermint smell.
The leaves have a high oil content, about 4.7% of the leaf fresh weight.
When the oil is distilled it can be used to produce methanol.
The major producing region is eastern Transvaal, South Africa, where it is grown in commercial plantations.
The leaves have also been used as a flavouring in Australia, especially in brewed black Camellia sinensis 'billy tea'.
Boland, et al.,
Eucalyptus Leaf Oils - Use, Chemistry, Distillation and Marketing, .
Eyke is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2001 there were 366 people living in Eyke.
Eyke is on the A1152 road.
Eyke has a church called All Saints.
Falkenham is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2001 there were 180 people living in Falkenham.
Falkenham shares a parish council with nearby Kirton.
Falkenham has a church called St Ethelbert.
The Azerbaijani diaspora is a term used to describe the communities of ethnic Azerbaijanis living outside of places of their ethnic origin: Republic of Azerbaijan and Iranian Azerbaijan.
Of the total Azerbaijani population living worldwide which is estimated to be 30,000,000, only about 9,000,000 live in Azerbaijan and about 16,000,000 live in Iran.
Azerbaijani Diaspora Population
The Ermenonville Forest () is a forest in Oise, France.
On 3 March 1974, a Turkish Airlines flight crashed in the forest and in the commune of Fontaine-Chaalis.
There is a memorial in the forest to the victims of that flight.
The Forest of Tronçais () is a French national forest.
It is managed by the national office of forests.
Its oaks were planted by Jean-Baptiste Colbert, minister of Louis XIV.
They are one of the principal stands of oaks in Europe.
Numinbah Nature Reserve is part of the Mount Warning caldera, in the Border ranges of north eastern New South Wales in Australia.
Mount Warning is a volcano that erupted more than 23 million years ago.
The 892 hectare Reserve is part of the Shield Volcano Group of the World Heritage Site Gondwana Rainforests of Australia listed in 1986.
It was added to the Australian National Heritage List in 2007.
The park is also part of the Scenic Rim Important Bird Area.
It is important in the conservation of several species of threatened birds.
In New South Wales the Reserve is bounded by privately owned land.
It includes an area of escarpment rising to over 1000 metres that is part of state border with Queensland.
It is intended to be a place where the plants and animals are protected from humans, domestic animals and feral pests.
The vegetation is mostly sub-tropical rainforest with some wet sclerophyll forest.
The rare rainforest tree Springbrook leatherwood grows at Burrigan Point.
NSWNPWS: Numinbah Nature Reserve
Parks and Reserves of the Tweed Caldera Plan of Management (including 2020-12-19 Amendment)
Iranian Azerbaijanis () are the ethnic Azerbaijani people of Iran.
They are the second largest ethnic group in Iran after the Persians.
Most Iranian Azerbaijanis live in the region of Iranian Azerbaijan of northwestern Iran, however they also live in large numbers in the capital Tehran and across the rest of the country.
Iranian Azerbaijani communities are also found in the United States of America, Germany, Canada, Turkey, and France.
About 98% of Iranian Azerbaijanis are Muslim and about 90% of Iranian Azerbaijanis are Shi'a.
The Forest of Chaux is the second largest forest in France.
It is in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, France on the east of the Jura mountains.
The Bois de Boulogne is a large public park in the west of Paris.
It was created between 1852 and 1858 during the reign of the Emperor Louis Napoleon.
It is in the 16th arrondissement of Paris, near the suburb of Boulogne-Billancourt and Neuilly-sur-Seine.
The Bois is the second-largest park in Paris, a bit smaller than the Bois de Vincennes on the eastern side of the city.
It covers an area of 8.46 square kilometres, which is 2.5 times larger than Central Park in New York, and comparable in size to Richmond Park in London.
The Forest of Fontainebleau (, or Forêt de Bière, meaning "forest of heather") is a mixed deciduous forest sixty kilometres southeast of Paris, France.
It is mostly in the arrondissement of Fontainebleau in the southwestern part of the department of Seine-et-Marne.
Parts of it are in adjoining cantons, and even as far west as the town of Milly-la-Forêt in the neighboring department, Essonne.
Several communes are in the forest, notably the towns of Fontainebleau and Avon.
The forest has an area of .
The most common trees in the forest are: oak (44%), Scots pine (40%), and European beech (10%).
Three thousand species of mushrooms have been discovered.
The forest is also home to approximately seven thousand animal species, five thousand of which are insects.
The Caledonian Forest is a type of woodland that once covered vast areas of Scotland.
Today, parts of the original forest survive, covering  in 84 places.
The forests are home to a wide variety of wildlife, much of which is not found elsewhere in the British Isles.
The Caledonian forests were formed at the end of the last ice age.
Trees began to recolonise what is now the British Isles over a land bridge which is now beneath the English Channel.
Forests of this type were found all over what is now the island of Great Britain for a short period.
Then the climate began to warm and the pine wood retreated north into the Scottish Highlands.
The native pinewoods which formed this westernmost outpost of the boreal forest of Europe are estimated to have covered  as a vast wilderness of  pine, birch, rowan, aspen, juniper, oak and a few other species.
On the west coast, oak and birch predominated in a temperate rainforest ecosystem rich in ferns, mosses and lichens.
The forest takes its name from the Romans, who called Scotland Caledonia, from the early Celtic word '*caleto-' meaning 'hard, strong'.
The name was used by a local tribe or tribal confederation of native Picts or Britons called the Caledonii.
A unique ecosystem in the British Isles, the Caledonian pinewoods are home to some of the country's rarest wildlife.
It is one of the last remaining wildernesses in the British Isles.
Black-throated diver
Common goldeneye
Crested tit
Greenshank
Parrot crossbill
Red-throated diver
Scottish crossbill
Temminck's stint
Wood sandpiper
Black grouse
Common crossbill
Goosander
Siskin
Redpoll
Red-breasted merganser
Long-eared owl
Mountain hare
Red squirrel
Friston is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2001, there were 340 people living in Friston.
Friston is near the A1094.
Friston has a church called St Mary.
Great Bealings is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2001 there were 290 people living in Great Bealings.
Great Bealings has a church called St Mary.
Great Glemham is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2001 there were 193 people living in Great Glemham.
Great Glemham is a mile or 2 away from the A12.
Great Glemham has a church called All Saints.
Wildlife originally meant non-domesticated animal species.
It now includes all plants, fungi and other organisms which grow or live wild in an area without being introduced by humans.
Domesticating wild plant and animal species for human benefit has occurred many times all over the planet.
It has had a big effect on the environment, both positive and negative.
Wildlife can be found in all ecosystems.
Deserts, forests, rain forests, plains, grasslands, and other areas including the most developed urban sites, all have distinct forms of wildlife.
Most scientists agree that wildlife around is affected by human activities.
A garden is not a natural habitat, but it is full of genuine wildlife.
Chantilly Forest or Forest of Chantilly () is a forest in France.
It is mainly in Oise,  north of Paris.
Man of Korea or Korea Men's Association () is a non-governmental, non-profit organisation for men's rights in South Korea.
It was started by Sung Jae-ki on January 24, 2008.
It was started as a resistance to gender-based discrimination against males falsely accused of committing sexual abuse.
Non-profit organizations of Asia
Hasketon is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2001 there were 409 people living in Hasketon.
Hasketon has a church called St Andrew.
Hasketon is near to Woodbridge and Ipswich.
Hemley is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2001 there were 66 people living in Hemley.
Hemley has a church called All Saints.
Hemley village is on the west side of the Deben estuary.
Fourier analysis is a branch of analysis  that looks at how more complex functions can be built with simpler ones.
It is also known as classical harmonic analysis.
It is named after Joseph Fourier who first used it in the 19th century.
The process itself is called Fourier transform.
Fourier analysis is widely used in fields such as physics, partial differential equations, number theory, combinatorics, signal processing, imaging, probability theory, statistics, option pricing, cryptography, numerical analysis, acoustics, oceanography, sonar, optics, diffraction, geometry and protein structure analysis.
Cannock Chase  is a woodland and  mixed area of countryside in the county of Staffordshire, England.
The Chase gives its name to the local government district.
Cannock Chase is between Cannock, Lichfield, Rugeley and Stafford.
It is a mixture of natural deciduous woodland, coniferous plantations, open heathland and the remains of early industry, such as coal mining.
Cannock Chase was made an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) on 16 September 1958.
Much of the area is also a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI).
Despite its relatively small area, the chase has a remarkable variety of landscape and wildlife.
The wildlife includes a herd of about 800 fallow deer.
There are a number of rare and endangered birds, like the migrant Nightjars.
A feeding station attracts many species, including Brambling, Yellowhammer and Bullfinch.
Efforts are underway to increase the amount of heathland on the chase, reintroducing shrubs such as heather in some areas where bracken and birch forest have crowded out most other plants.
The local flora also includes several species of Vaccinium, including the Cannock Chase Berry (Vaccinium ×intermedium Ruthe).
On the Chase's north-eastern edge can be found Shugborough Hall, ancestral home of the Earls of Lichfield.
At its southern edge are the remains of Castle Ring, an Iron Age hill fort, which is the highest point on the Chase.
Several glacial erratic boulders are also found on the Chase, remnants of glaciation.
One is mounted on a plinth.
The area gained notoriety in the late 1960s when the Cannock Chase murders made national headlines; the remains of three young girls were found buried on the Chase after going missing from areas along the A34 road between there and Birmingham.
Raymond Leslie Morris, a motor engineer from Walsall, was found guilty at Stafford assizes of one of the murders in 1968 and was sentenced to life imprisonment.
He is still in prison over 40 years later and one of the country's longest serving prisoners.
The landscape owes much to the underlying Triassic "bunter" formations.
These are sandstone deposits containing rounded pebbles.
They can be found in Warwickshire, Cheshire, Staffordshire, Nottinghamshire, Yorkshire, Devon and Dorset in England.
They are thought to be alluvial  deposits.
Judging from the rounding of the mainly quartzite pebbles, they were  carried for a long time in a large and turbulent river.
The hard pebbles got powerful abrasion.
The deposits in the English Midlands are thought to have been carried northwards from Brittany in northern France.
Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Kokorin (Russian: Алекса́ндр Алекса́ндрович Коко́рин; born 19 March 1991) is a Russian professional football player.
He plays for ACF Fiorentina.
He has previously played for the Russian national team.
Player page on the official Russian Premier League site
Player page on the official Dynamo Moscow site
Heveningham is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2001 there were 110 people living in Heveningham.
Heveningham is pronounced Henningum.
Heveningham has a church called St Margaret.
Hollesley is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2001 there were 1356 people living in Hollesley.
Hollesley is the largest village on the southern tip of the Sandlings Peninsula.
Huntingfield is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2001, there were 193 people living in Huntingfield.
Official village's website
There are two Belarusian Wikipedias: one in the orthography of the Belarusian language which is official in modern Belarus (Narkomovka,  prefix "be:"), and another one in the pre-reform of 1933, classical orthography (Taraškievica, prefix "be-x-old:").
The first Belarusian Wikipedia was started on August 12, 2004.
One of its creators and  first administrators was Uladzimir Katkouski (user name: rydel).
Katkouski/rydel (who died in 2007) created over 1,300 articles in the Belarusian Wikipedia alone.
Belarusian Wikipedia in the official orthography
Belarusian Wikipedia in Taraškievica orthography (Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography))
Statistics for the normative Belarusian Wikipedia
Statistics for the classical Belarusian Wikipedia
The Punjabi Wikipedia () is the Punjabi language edition of Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
There are two Punjabi Wikipedia editions viz.
Western Punjabi Wikipedia (in Shahmukhi script) and Eastern Punjabi Wikipedia (in Gurmukhi script).
Summer Esperanto Study (in , shortly SES) is the largest yearly international meeting for learning the Esperanto language.
There is teaching of Esperanto on all levels, talks, short teaching of other languages, workshops, concerts, travel etc.
Many participants use also lernu!,
the official website for free learning of Esperanto.
The coordinator of the event is the non-profit organization E@I, since 2007.
The minister of education and the mayor of the city usually support the event.
The 7th Summer Esperanto Study was on 12–20 July 2013 in the city of Martin in Slovakia.
There were 230 people from 27 countries.
pl:E@I#Letnia_Szko.
C5.82a_Esperanta_.28SES.29
Redditch is a town in Worcestershire, England.
Products manufactured in Redditch during the industrial revolution include needles, fishing tackle, batteries, springs, motorbikes and other light industrial products.
Rugby is a town in Warwickshire, England.
Rugby is 15 miles northeast of Warwick and 30 miles southeast of Birmingham.
It is most famous because Rugby football is named after the town, and it has a very old and famous school in the centre.
The town's train station is on a mainline and connects to many places.
Also the town is near three motorways.
Stafford is the county town of the ceremonial county of Staffordshire in England.
It is situated around 16 miles (26 km) north of Wolverhampton, 18 miles (29 km) south of Stoke-on-Trent and 24 miles (39 km) north-west of Birmingham.
The name Stafford means "ford" by a "staithe" (a landing place).
Stafford knot
The town is famous for the Stafford knot, sometimes called the Staffordshire knot.
It is a distinctive three-looped knot that is the traditional symbol of Staffordshire and Stafford itself.
It is used by many local organisations on logos and buildings and also gives its name to a pub.
The town has a busy railway station on the West Coast Main Line.
The station provides direct local trains to Crewe, Liverpool, Stoke-on-Trent, Wolverhampton and Manchester, longer-distance trains to London, Carlisle, Glasgow and Edinburgh, and cross-country trains to Manchester and Bristol.
The town has a semi-professional football club, Stafford Rangers, who currently compete in the Northern Premier League.
They play their home games at Marston Road.
Tamworth is a large market town and borough in Staffordshire, England.
It is 14 miles (23 km) north-east of Birmingham.
A 2019 census estimated that around 77,000 people live in the town.
It used to be divided between the counties of Warwickshire and Staffordshire.
In 1889, the town was placed entirely in Staffordshire.
The town's railway station is located on the West Coast Main Line.
Passengers can board direct local-stopping trains to Birmingham, London and Crewe.
Cross-country trains, operated by CrossCountry, also call at Tamworth, providing direct trains to Nottingham, Yorkshire, Scotland, South Wales and Cornwall.
Non-metropolitan districts of Staffordshire
Burton upon Trent, also known as Burton-on-Trent, or simply Burton, is a town in the county of Staffordshire in England, near to the border with Derbyshire.
It is located 11 miles southwest of Derby and 30 miles northeast of Birmingham.
Burton is famous for its brewing industry.
A lot of famous beers and lagers, such as Carling, are brewed in the town.
It is currently home to eight independent breweries.
The town's football club, Burton Albion FC, are nicknamed The Brewers.
Stone is a town and civil parish in Stafford District, Staffordshire, England.
In 2011 there were 16385 people living in Stone.
Hel (realm), a location in Norse mythology
Hel (being), ruler of Hel, the location in Norse mythology
Hel (band), a Swedish Viking rock band
Hel, Poland, a town on the Polish Baltic coast
Lothal was one of the many cities found in the Indus Valley civilization.
Archaeological evidence from Lothal tells us that it was an industrial area.
Metals, semi-precious stones, statues and beads were found.
Several weapons, ornaments, seals and workshops were also found.
A dockyard was also found which may have been used to ship goods to other civilizations like Mesopotamia.
Ports and harbours
Kenilworth is a town and civil parish in Warwick District, Warwickshire, England.
In 2011 there were 22,413 people living in Kenilworth.
It is most famous for its castle which was first built in the 1120s.
There is a market held each week and the town has a train station.
Nearby towns are Warwick and Leamington Spa.
The nearest city is Coventry.
Leek is a market town and civil parish in Staffordshire, England.
It is around 10 miles (16 km) north east of the city of Stoke-on-Trent.
It is near to the border with Cheshire.
Leek is an ancient borough.
It was granted its royal charter in the year 1214.
The town is at a high altitude.
Most of the town is at or above 600 feet (180 m).
For hundreds of years, Leek had a big cattle market.
It was a large centre of local farming.
Leek has a lot of remaining old architecture.
Many Victorian buildings still stand around the town.
Droitwich Spa is a town and civil parish in Wychavon, Worcestershire, England.
In 2011 there were 23504 people living in Droitwich Spa.
Corby is a town in Northamptonshire, England.
Corby is 7½ miles north-northeast of Kettering.
Future Interstates
Cannonsburg, Mississippi
Church Hill, Mississippi
Cloverdale, Mississippi
Cranfield, Mississippi
Kingston, Mississippi
Morgantown, Mississippi
Pine Ridge, Mississippi
Roxie, Mississippi
Sibley, Mississippi
Stanton, Mississippi
Washington, Mississippi
City of Natchez official website
Official travel and tourism website
Natchez Democrat, the city's daily newspaper
A heath or heathland is a shrubland habitat found mainly on low quality, acidic soils.
It has open, low growing woody vegetation.
There are some clear differences between heath and moorland.
For example moorland has a very peaty topsoil, and it is also free-draining, whereas a heath is not.
Moorland is generally related to high-ground heaths with — especially in Great Britain — a cooler and damper climate.
Heathland is common worldwide.
They form extensive and diverse communities across Australia in humid and sub-humid areas.
Fire regimes with burning maintain the heathlands.
Even more diverse though less widespread heath occurs in Southern Africa.
Extensive heath communities can also be found in the California chaparral, New Caledonia, central Chile and along the shores of the Mediterranean Sea.
In addition to these extensive heath areas, the vegetation type is also found in scattered locations across all continents except Antarctica.
Edward Herrera (born 14 November 1986) is a Maltese football player.
He plays for Birkirkara and Malta national team.
Maltese Cup: 2011–12
Euro Cup: 2012–13
Maltese Premier League: 2012–13
Profile  at MaltaFootball.com
Justin Haber (born 9 June 1981) is a Maltese football player.
Loughborough (pronounced Luff-burra, ) is a market town in Leicestershire, a county in England.
It is in the Borough of Charnwood.
In 2018, there was 66,611 people living there, making it the second-largest settlement in Leicestershire.
It is close to the border with Nottinghamshire.
It is located 11.6 miles (18.7 km) north of Leicester and 16 miles (25.7 km) south of Nottingham.
In 1841, the world's first package tour was to Loughborough.
It was organised by Thomas Cook for a temperance group from Leicester.
Kidderminster is a town in Worcestershire, England.
Kidderminster is 15 miles north of Worcester and 18 miles southwest of Birmingham.
Barnard Castle is a town and civil parish in County Durham, England.
In 2011 there were 5495 people living in Barnard Castle.
Barnard Castle is a market town in Teesdale, County Durham, England.
It is named after the castle around which it was built.
It is the main settlement in the Teesdale area, and is a popular tourist destination.
The Bowes Museum has the best collection of European fine and decorative arts in the North of England, housed in a "magnificent" 19th century French-style chateau.
Its most famous exhibit is the 18th century Silver Swan automaton, though art includes work by Goya and El Greco.
Barnard Castle sits on the north bank of the River Tees, opposite Startforth and 21 miles (34 km) south-west of the county town of Durham.
Nearby towns include Bishop Auckland to the north-east, Darlington to the east and Richmond in North Yorkshire to the south-east.
Northallerton is a town and civil parish in Hambleton, North Yorkshire, England.
In 2011 there were 10655 people living in Northallerton.
Mildenhall is a town and civil parish in Forest Heath, Suffolk, England.
In 2011 there were 10315 people living in Mildenhall.
St Neots is a town and civil parish in Huntingdonshire, Cambridgeshire, England.
In 2011, there were 31165 people living in St Neots.
Iken is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2001 there were 114 people living in Iken.
Iken has a church called St Botolph.
Kettleburgh is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2001 there were 299 people living in Kettleburgh.
Kettleburgh has a church called St Andrew.
Knodishall is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2001 there were 883 people living in Knodishall.
Knodishall has a church called St Lawrence.
Letheringham is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2001 there were 74 people living in Letheringham.
Letheringham has a church called St Mary.
Levington is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2001 there were 253 people living in Levington.
Levington has a church called St Peter.
Levington shares a parish council with nearby Stratton Hall.
Little Bealings is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2001 there were 445 people living in Little Bealings.
Little Bealings has a church called All Saints.
Little Glemham is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2001 there were 173 people living in Little Glemham.
Little Glemham has a church called St Andrew.
Middleton is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2001 there were 359 people living in Middleton.
Middleton has a church called Holy Trinity.
Monewden is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England.
In 2001 there were 105 people living in Monewden.
Monewden has a church called St Mary.
Brandon is a town and civil parish in Forest Heath, Suffolk, England.
In 2011 there were 9145 people living in Brandon.
Stoke Ash is a village and civil parish in Mid Suffolk, Suffolk, England.
In 2011 there were 314 people living in Stoke Ash.
Stoke Ash has a church called All Saints.
Stoke Ash is near the A140 road.
The Count of Flanders was the ruler or leader of the county of Flanders from the 9th century until the French Revolution in 1790.
The first count was Baldwin I "Iron Arm".
By expanding its borders the early counts managed to keep Flanders independent.
Later, the lack of natural borders allowed invaders into Flanders.
Counts of Flanders were always concerned with hunting and preserving their hunting grounds.
For that reason many were called foresters.
The last count was Francis II.
After 1795 Flanders no longer existed as a county.
List of Counts of Flanders
1st House of Flanders
Baldwin I Iron Arm (863-879), married Judith daughter of Charles the Bald.
Baldwin II the Bald (879-918), son of Baldwin I and Judith
Arnulf I the Great (918-964), son of Baldwin II, joinly with:
Baldwin III (958-962), son of Arnulf I
Arnulf II (964-988), son of Baldwin III
Baldwin IV the Bearded (988-1037), son of Arnulf II
Baldwin V de Lille (1037-1067), son of Baldwin IV
Baldwin VI (1067-1070), son of Baldwin V, Count of Hainaut
Arnulf III (1070-1071), son of Baldwin VI, Count of Hainaut
Robert I the Frisian (1071-1093), son of Baldwin V
Robert II (1093-1111), son of Robert I
Baldwin VII Hapkin (1111-1119), son of Robert II
House of Estridsen
Charles I the Good (1119-1127), cousin of Baldwin VII, designated by him
William I Clito (1127-1128), great-grandson of Baldwin V,  designated by Louis VI of France
House of Alsace or House of Metz
Theodoric (1128-1168), grandson of Robert I, recognised by Louis VI of France
Philip I (1168-1191), son of Theodoric
Margaret I (1191-1194), daughter of Theodoric,
jointly with her husband Baldwin of Hainaut
2nd House of Flanders
Baldwin VIII (1191-1194), husband of Margaret I, patrilineal great-great-grandson of Baldwin VI, also Count of Hainaut
Baldwin IX (1194-1205), son of Baldwin VIII, also Latin Emperor of Constantinople
Joan I (1205-1244), daughter of Baldwin IX, jointly with
Ferdinand (1212-1233)
Thomas (1237–1244)