the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
In 1947 at the time of Independence of Pakistan the people of the area were predominantly Shia Muslims.
However over the years the ethnic composition has been changed  as sunni Kashmiri and other Pakistanis have settled in this area leading to discontent - although Shias remain the outright majority.
A 2008 report by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees determined that Pakistan-administered Kashmir, which included Gilgit-Baltistan, was 'Not Free'.
In 2009 as part of Gilgit-Baltistan Empowerment and Self-Governance Order Act of 2009, the region was granted self-rule for the first time with an elected legislature in its history, despite protests from the Republic of India it asserts that Gilgit-Baltistan is a part of the former Princely state of Kashmir and Jammu which they regard it as so-called an 'integral part' of India.
which illegally regards the disputed region as Indian territory.
Mad was an American animated sketch comedy television series produced by Warner Bros. Animation.
The series was based on Mad magazine.
Each episode is a collection of short animated parodies of television shows, movies, games, celebrities etc.
The humor is both witty and juvenile appealing mostly to tween and teen boys.
It uses various types of animation (CGI, claymation, stop-motion, etc.)
instead of the usual animation style that Warner Bros. Animation is known for.
The series premiered on the evening of September 6, 2010 on Cartoon Network.
The series ended its 4-year run after airing 103 episodes.
The series has an age rating of TV-MA.
Hugh Davidson
Larry Dorf
Rachel Ramras
Guest/Other voices
Jason Antoon
Eric Artell
Josh Beren
Steven Blum
Rachel Butera
Jen Cohn
Chris Cox
Daniel Cummings
Chris Edgerly
Will Friedle
Tamara Garfield
Clare Grant
Nikki Griffin
Melinda Hamilton
Anthony Hansen
Whit Hertford
Arif S. Kinchen
Seana Kofoed
Deborah Marlowe
Julia McIlvaine
Dan Milano
Jason Nash
Julie Nathanson
Christopher "Kid" Reid
Corinne Reilly
Joey Richter
Salli Saffioti
Ho-Kwan Tse
Christine Tucci
Windy Wagner
Scott Whyte
Victor Yerrid
Keone Young
2012 Emmy Awards
2012 PAAFTJ Television Awards
Ethan Suplee (born May 25, 1976) is an American actor.
He is best known for his roles as Frankie "The Enforcer" Stechino in Boy Meets World and Randy Hickey in My Name Is Earl.
Supplee was born in Manhattan, the son of Debbie and Bill Suplee.
VC Zenit-Kazan (Russian: Зенит-Казань) (formerly "Dinamo Tattransgaz Kazan") is a professional volleyball team based in Kazan, Russia.
It plays in the Russian Volleyball Super League (7-time champion).
The team won the 2007–08, 2011–12 and 2014–15 CEV Champions League titles.
The FIVB Volleyball World Championship is an international men's and women's indoor volleyball competition.
It is the oldest and most important of all the international events organised by the FIVB and must not be confused with the World Cup, World Grand Champions Cup, or the World League/World Grand Prix.
FIVB
Volleyball World Championship History
21 (album), a 2015 album by Adele
21 (number), an integer
19 (album), an album by Adele
19 (number), an integer
25 (number), an integer
The 1944 United States presidential election happened on November 7, 1944.
Incumbent President Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) won over Republican Thomas E. Dewey in the general election.
In the Electoral College, Roosevelt won 432 votes while Dewey won 99.
Roosevelt, a Democrat, won an unprecedented fourth term as president.
The election was held during the latter part of World War II.
By this time the war was going well for the United States and its Allies.
Roosevelt had already served longer than any other president, but remained popular.
Unlike in 1940, there was little doubt that he would run for another term as the Democratic candidate, as his health was failing.
Dewey, the Governor of New York, campaigned against the New Deal and for a smaller government.
But he could not convince the country to change course.
Roosevelt's aides covered up the fact the president was in poor health.
Roosevelt would die in office three months after starting his fourth term.
His Vice President, Harry S. Truman, would serve out the remainder of his term of office.
The Republicans campaigned against the New Deal.
They wanted a smaller government and less-regulated economy.
Roosevelt's continuing popularity was the main theme of his campaign.
To quiet rumors of his poor health, Roosevelt insisted on making a vigorous campaign trip in October and rode in an open car through city streets.
A high point of the campaign occurred when Roosevelt gave a speech on national radio where he ridiculed Republican claims that his administration was corrupt and wasteful with tax money.
He particularly ridiculed a Republican claim that he had sent a US Navy warship to pick up his Scottish Terrier Fala in Alaska.
He added that "Fala was furious" at such rumors.
The speech was met with loud laughter and applause.
In response, Dewey gave a blistering partisan speech in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, a few days later on national radio.
He accused Roosevelt of being "indispensable" to corrupt big-city Democratic organizations and American Communists.
Dewey also referred to members of Roosevelt's cabinet as a "motley crew".
However, the allies had several battlefield successes in Europe and the Pacific during the campaign.
These included the liberation of Paris in August 1944 and the successful Battle of Leyte Gulf in the Philippines in October 1944.
These were Roosevelt's greatest assets in his campaign.
Roosevelt and his vice-presidential candidate Harry S. Truman won a total of 25,612,916 votes in the Popular vote (53.39%).
They won a total of 432 Electorial votes (81.4%)
Dewey and his vice-presidential candidate John Bricker received 22,017,929 votes in the Popular vote (45.89%).
They received a total of 99 Electoral votes (18.6%).
The 1944 presidential election was a milestone in American politics for two reasons.
It was the first time a candidate for president was born in the 20th century.
It was the last time Democrats carried every state in the southern United States.
The election had at least one other long-reaching effect.
It led to the 1951 passing of the Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution.
It prohibits anyone from serving more than two terms as president of the United States.
Junagadh was a princely state in Gujarat ruled by Muslim rulers in British India until it became part of India in 1948.
Mohammad Sher Khan Babi, a Babi Khel Pathan who owed allegiance to the Mughal governor of Gujarat subah, founded the state of Junagadh.
It declared independence in 1730 after the Marathas Gaikwad invasion.
Muhammad Sher Khan Babi, was the founder of the Babi Dynasty of Junagadh State dynasty.
His descendants, the Babi Nawabs of Junagadh, took large territories in southern Saurashtra and ruled over the state for the next two centuries.
First they were a tributary state of Marathas.
Later they were under the rule of the British Raj.
In 1807 the Junagadh State became a British protectorate.
The East India Company took control of the state by 1818.
The Saurashtra area, with other princely states of Kathiawar, were separately administered under Kathiawar Agency by British India.
On 15 August 1947 upon the independence of India, the Nawab of Junagarh decided to merge it into newly formed Pakistan.
The Indian government maintained the people of Junagadh should decide.
Pakistan waited until 13 September to respond saying they accepted Junagarh's acceptance of Pakistani rule.
This caused a general revolt among the Hindu majority of Junagadh as well as protest movements in the surrounding states that had acceded to join India.
The Nawab then occupied territory in several of those states claiming he had rule over them.
When the Indian government sent a small force to restore order, the Nawab fled to Pakistan.
His Dewan (Prime minister) agreed to rule by India.
This resulted in the integration of Junagadh into India.
The Nawabs of Junagadh belonged to Pathan Babi khel tribe.
They were granted a 13 gun salute by the British authorities:
1730 - 1758 : Mohammad Bahadur Khanji or Mohammad Sher Khan Babi
1758 - 1774 : Mohammad Mahabat Khanji I
1774 - 1811 : Mohammad Hamid Khanji I
1811 - 1840 : Mohammad Bahadur Khanji I
1840 - 1851 : Mohammad Hamid Khanji II
1851 - 1882 : Mohammad Mahabat Khanji II
1882 - 1892 : Mohammad Bahadur Khanji II
1892 - 1911 : Mohammad Rasul Khanji
1911 - 1948 : Mohammad Mahabat Khanji III (last de facto ruler)
Many in Pakistan still maintains the 1948 plebiscite and rule by India was an illegitimate action.
One of the reasons is because Kashmir at the time was ruled by a Hindu but had a clear Muslim majority.
By acceding to India it was the opposite of the situation in Junagadh.
For its part India knew Junagadh was the premier state in the western Kathiawar region.
It was bound on three sides by states that acceded to India.
On the fourth side was bounded by the Arabian Sea.
This gave it great strategic importance to both countries.
India was not prepared to accept Junagadh's acceding to Pakistan.
This would create a Pakistan state in the middle of Indian states.
India's taking administrative control of Junagadh to restore order is seen as a pretext by Pakistan.
The referendum taken by the people of Junagadh, under the control of the Indian army, was overwhelmingly in favor of Indian rule.
Pakistan has never accepted this vote by the people there and believes Junagadh rightly belongs to them.
Pakistan's legitimacy claim
Pakistan's government has maintained its territorial claim on Junagadh, along with Manavadar and Sir Creek in Gujarat, on its official political map issued on 4th August 2020.
Official Website of State of Junagadh
Classic Gallery of Indian Numismatics
Heraldry of the princely states of Gujarat
The Nordertor (Danish: Nørreport) is an old town gate of the city of Flensburg.
The gate was built around 1595.
Today, the little landmark is in use as a symbol for the German town Flensburg.
In 1345 the town of Flensburg began to build its town wall.
A gate was built on the north side of the town.
It was called Norder Porte.
It was replaced by a building in the 16th century called the Nordertor.
This marked the northern boundary of the town.
It was a checkpoint that was closed in the night.
On the north side of the gate are two plaques.
The left one shows the royal coat of arms of King Christian IV, 1577-1648 and the Latin words: „Regna Firmat Pietas“ — Piety strengthens the Realms.
The right one shows the coat of arms of Flensburg with the German words: „Friede ernährt, Unfrieden verzehrt“ — Peace nurtures, strife devours.
There is also a date- 1767.
This means that the town gate was restored in the time of Christian VII, 1749-1808.
After 1796 the town grew beyond the town wall.
There had been a ban on building outside the wall before then.
The Neustadt (Newtown), in the neighborhood of the Nordertor was built.
In 1913 and 1914 it was restored by the architect Paul Ziegler.
The Nordertor got a clock.
In 1966 the Deutsche Bundespost made a stamp with a picture of the gate on it.
It was a 30 Pfennig stamp, used to send letters within Germany.
The Nordertor stamps were sold over 3 billion times.
In the 1990s the gate was again restored and the clock was removed.
In 2004 the gate was licensed as a venue for civil weddings, so that the weddings could be performed since then directly above the archway of the gate.
A ship's cat is a cat that rides along on a ship.
Ship's cats have been very popular in history, and date back to ancient times.
Cats have been carried on ships for many reasons - most importantly, to catch mice and rats.
On a ship, these rodents can damage ropes and wooden parts of the ship.
Once electricity was discovered, rodents would also damage ships' electrical wiring.
Also, rodents threatened the ship's cargo - the things it carried.
Rodents would eat the food carried to feed the crew.
If the ship was carrying things like grain as part of its cargo, rodents could also cause the ship to lose money by eating the cargo.
Also, rats and mice spread disease, which is dangerous for ships that are at sea for long periods of time.
For example, rat fleas can carry plague, and rats on ships may have been one of the main reasons why the Black Death spread.
Cats naturally attack and kill these rodents.
Cats also have a natural ability to get used to new surroundings, so they could get used to serving on ships.
They also offered companionship (friendship), a sense of home and security, and lifted sailors' spirits.
This was helpful to sailors who could be away from home for long periods, especially in times of war.
Cats were probably domesticated about 9,500 years ago.
Not long after that, people began taking cats aboard boats and ships.
The Ancient Egyptians took cats on board Nile boats to catch birds in the thickets along the riverbanks.
The ancient Egyptians also carried cats on trading ships to control rodents.
Traders from other areas soon started doing the same thing.
This led to the spread of cats throughout the world.
Cats eventually reached nearly all parts of the world that could be reached by ship.
Phoenician cargo ships are thought to have brought the first domesticated cats to Europe in about 900 BC.
Cats and superstition
Cats in Ancient Egypt were worshipped as deities (powerful spirits).
For many centuries, cats have had a reputation as magical animals.
Many sailors believed myths and superstitions about cats.
Cats were thought of as smart, lucky animals.
Sailors usually took very good care of their ship's cats to keep them happy.
Some sailors believed that six-toed cats were better at catching pests.
They may have thought that extra toes give a cat better balance, which would be important when at sea.
In some places, all six-toed cats became known as "ship's cats".
Cats were believed to have miraculous powers that could protect ships from dangerous weather.
Sometimes, fishermen's wives would keep black cats at home too.
They believed that these cats would use their special powers to protect their husbands at sea.
Many sailors believed that it was lucky if a cat came up to a sailor on deck, but unlucky if it came only halfway and then turned around.
Another popular belief was that cats could start storms through magic stored in their tails.
Other sailors also believed that if a ship's cat fell or was thrown overboard, a terrible storm would come and sink the ship, and if the ship was able to survive, it would be cursed with nine years of bad luck.
Still other sailors thought that if a cat licked its fur against the grain, it meant a hail storm was coming; if it sneezed, rain was coming; and if it was frisky, wind was coming.
Some of these beliefs are partly true.
Cats can notice slight changes in the weather, because of their very sensitive inner ears.
(Their inner ears also allow cats to land on their feet when falling.)
Cats often get nervous and restless when they sense low atmospheric pressure, which often comes before stormy weather.
Famous Ship's Cats
Blackie was HMS Prince of Wales'''s ship's cat.
He became famous during the Second World War.
Blackie's ship, Prince of Wales, carried Prime Minister Winston Churchill across the Atlantic Ocean to Naval Station Argentia in Newfoundland in August 1941.
There, Churchill secretly met with the United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt, and the two signed the Atlantic Charter.
But as Churchill started to leave Prince of Wales, Blackie came up to him.
Churchill bent down to say goodbye to Blackie, and the moment was photographed and reported in the world media.
In honour of the success of the visit, Blackie was renamed Churchill.
Blackie survived the sinking of HMS Prince of Wales later that year and was taken to Singapore with the survivors.
He could not be found when Singapore was evacuated the following year and nobody knows what happened to him (though there is a chance he may have died by then).
Chibbley
Chibbley was the ship's cat aboard the tall ship Picton Castle.
She was rescued from an animal shelter.
She circumnavigated the world - sailed all the way around it - five times.
Because Picton Castle’ was a training ship, Chibbley had many visitors.
She became a celebrity, and people even sent her fan mail.
Chibbley died on November 10, 2011, in Lunenburg, Nova Scotia.
She had sailed over 180,000 miles at sea.
Convoy was the ship's cat aboard HMS Hermione.
He was named "Convoy" because he often went with the ship on convoy escort duties (where the ship would sail with a group of other ships for protection).
Like the ship's sailors, Convoy was listed in the ship's book, and given a full kit, including a tiny hammock where he would sleep.
He was killed along with 87 of his crew mates when Hermione was torpedoed and sunk on 16 June 1942 by German submarine U-205.
Emmy was the ship's cat on RMS Empress of Ireland.
She was an orange tabby cat who never missed a voyage.
However, on 28 May 1914, Emmy tried to escape the ship.
The crew could not get her to return to the ship, and Empress of Ireland left without her.
This was thought to be a very bad sign.
Early the next morning, Empress of Ireland ran into SS Storstad while sailing through fog at the mouth of the St. Lawrence River.
Empress of Ireland sank quickly, killing over 1,000 people.
Felix was the ship's cat aboard Mayflower II when she set sail from Devon, England, to Plymouth, Massachusetts, in 1957.
The goal of this voyage was to show cooperation between the UK and the US after World War II.
Felix was given his own life jacket for the trip.
During the voyage, he broke one of his paws.
The paw was set by the ship's doctor.
After Felix returned to the US, photos and stories about him appeared in National Geographic magazine, Life magazine, and Yankee magazine.
The cat and the rest of the crew marched in a New York ticker tape parade and toured the East Coast that summer.
Felix was eventually adopted by the cabin boy's girlfriend, Ann Berry, and settled in Waltham, Massachusetts.
The captain of the Mayflower II wrote a children's book about Felix called Felix and his Mayflower II Adventures.
The book was published during the celebration of the ship's fiftieth anniversary at Plimoth Plantation.
Mrs. Chippy was the ship's cat aboard Endurance, the ship used by Sir Ernest Shackleton for his Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition.
(The Expedition's goal was to cross the Antarctic by land.)
After about a month, the crew realized that "Mrs. Chippy" was actually a male cat.
However, by then, everyone was used to the name "Mrs. Chippy," and kept using it.
The ship became lost, trapped and then crushed in pack ice.
At that point, Shackleton ordered his men to shoot the sled dogs and Mrs. Chippy, because he did not think they could survive.
Simon was the ship's cat of HMS Amethyst during the Yangtze Incident in 1949, during the Chinese Civil War.
During the Yangtze Incident, the HMS Amethyst was attacked and was trapped on the Yangtze River for months.
The ship and its crew were badly hurt in the attacks on the ship.
These attacks killed 25 of Amethyst’s crew, including the commanding officer.
Simon was also hurt in the attacks, but soon he recovered.
He started killing rats again, which was very important since the rodents had been destroying the ship.
Simon also did the important job of keeping up the crew's spirits.
After the Amethyst finally escaped the Yangtze River and returned to Britain, Simon was given the rank of 'Able Seacat' Simon.
He became a celebrity.
However, not long after he returned to Britain, he died from an infection.
Many people sent tributes to honor Simon, and his obituary appeared in The Times (an important newspaper in London).
After Simon's death, he was awarded the Dickin Medal.
He is the only cat ever to earn this award.
Simon was also buried with full naval honors.
Trim sailed on many ships commanded by Matthew Flinders during 1801-1803.
These ships' goals were to circumnavigate (sail all the way around) Australia, and also to create maps of its coastline.
Trim became a favourite of the crew, and was the first cat to circumnavigate Australia.
Trim stayed with Flinders until Trim's death.
A statue to Trim was later built in his honor.
It sits on a window sill on the outside of the State Library, in Sydney, Australia.
There have also been many books written about Trim.
U-boat was another ship's cat aboard a Royal Navy ship in the Second World War.
Whenever his ship came into port, U-boat would take shore leave (he would leave the ship to do things on shore).
He would spend days on shore, and usually would return only just before his ship sailed away.
One day, U-boat did not return in time for roll call and his ship was forced to sail away without him.
As the ship pulled away, U-boat was seen running down the dock after the sailing ship.
He made a death-defying leap onto the ship and made it aboard.
The crew thought that he seemed unafraid by what had just happened, and calmly started to wash himself on deck.
The crew members were very happy that U-boat had come back, since they thought he brought them good luck.
Unsinkable Sam (Oscar)
Oscar was the ship's cat of the German battleship Bismarck.
When Bismarck was sunk on 27 May 1941, only 116 sailors out of over 2,200 survived.
Oscar was picked up by the destroyer HMS Cossack.
Cossack herself was torpedoed and sunk on 24 October, 1941.
159 sailors were killed, but Oscar again survived to be rescued, and was taken to Gibraltar.
He became the ship's cat of HMS Ark Royal.
Then this ship, too, was torpedoed and sunk in November of 1941.
Oscar was again rescued, and it was decided that it was time for him to have a home on land.
By now, Oscar had been renamed "Unsinkable Sam."
He was given a new job as mouse-catcher in the Governor General of Gibraltar's office buildings.
He eventually returned to the UK and spent the rest of his life at the 'Home for Sailors'.
A portrait of him hangs in the National Maritime Museum in Greenwich.
Ship's cats today
Starting in 1975, the Royal Navy no longer allowed cats or any other pets to ride on any Royal Navy ships.
This rule was created because of concern about hygiene (cleanliness).
Cats still ride on many private ships today.
For example, Toolbox is a ship's cat who rides on the second Kalmar Nyckel.
American sailor Robin Lee Graham sailed with many cats on his ships Dove and Return of Dove'', while he was trying to circumnavigate the world by himself (starting in 1965).
Cats in the sea services
Famous Naval Cats
Calendula officinalis (pot marigold, ruddles, common marigold, garden marigold), is a plant in the genus Calendula of the family Asteraceae.
It is probably native to India.
It was the state flower of Junagadh and Bantva-Manavadar State, now part of Gujarat.
Pot marigold florets are edible.
They are often used to add colour to salads or added to dishes as a garnish instead of saffron.
The leaves are edible but are often not palatable.
They have been used as a herb and in salads.
The flowers were used in Ancient Greek, Roman, Middle Eastern, and Indian cultures as a medicinal herb and a dye for fabrics, foods, and cosmetics.
They are also used to make oil that protects the skin.
Norbert Gastell (14 October 1929 – 26 November 2015) was an Argentine-born German voice actor who mostly dubbed American television shows into the German language.
He was known for dubbing Homer Simpson.
Gastell was born in Buenos Aires.
Norbert Gastell at the Deutsche Synchronkartei
Luc Bondy (17 July 194828 November 2015) was a Swiss theatre and movie director and screenwriter.
He was born in Zurich, Switzerland.
He was the director of the most recent version of Tosca, by Puccini, at the Metropolitan Opera in New York.
Nymphaea nouchali, (or red and blue water-lily, blue star water-lily, or star lotus) is an aquatic flowering plant in the Nymphaeaceae (water-lily family).
It is native to southern and eastern Asia.
N. nouchali grows from rhizomes or tubers rooted under the water.
Leaves are oval to round, 13–15 cm (5–6 in), with an open sinus at the leaf base where it attaches to the petiole (leaf stem).
Leaves may spread 1.4–1.5 m (4–5 feet) from where the rhizome is rooted.
Flowers, which have little fragrance, are star-shaped with 4 sepals and 10–16 petals, and are 5–13 cm (2–5 in) in diameter.
Although leaves float on the water surface, flowers are generally held 30 cm (12 in) above water.
They are usually pale blue (but can be pink or white) with pale yellow stamens and anthers.
N. nouchali has been cultivated in southeast Asia for centuries, especially around temples.
It is also cultivated in Sri Lanka and gathered from dried ponds in the Republic of India for the rhizomes, which are used as food and animal fodder as a source of starch.
In Ayurvedic medicine, it is used to treat indigestion.
Cultivars include N. stellata var.
cyanea, which has medium-sized pale to deep blue flowers, and N. stellata var.
versicolor, which is commonly exported in the form of tubers from Sri Lanka to Europe and the U.S. for use in the aquariums; the tubers grow quickly after exposure to warm water, making an “instant” aquarium plant.
N. stellata was the state flower of Hyderabad Deccan.
A pale blue-flowered N. stellatai is the National flower of Sri Lanka, where it is known as nil mānel or nil mahanel (Singhalese:නිල් මානෙල්).
The Indian roller (Coracias benghalensis), is a member of the roller family of birds.
They are found widely across tropical Asia stretching from Iraq eastward across the Indian subcontinent to Indochina and are best known for the aerobatic displays of the male during the breeding season.
They are very commonly seen perched along roadside trees and wires and are commonly seen in open grassland and scrub forest habitats.
It is not migratory, but undertakes some seasonal movements.
Philippe Washer (; 6 August 1924 – 27 November 2015) was a Belgian tennis player.
He competed in the Davis Cup a number of times, from 1946 to 1961.
Washer retired from tennis in 1961.
Olene Smith Walker (November 15, 1930 – November 28, 2015) was an American politician.
She served as the 15th Governor of Utah.
She was sworn into office on November 5, 2003, shortly before her 73rd birthday.
She became Utah's first female governor.
Gerald "Gerry" Byrne (29 August 1938 – 28 November 2015) was an English footballer.
He spent his entire playing career at Liverpool Football Club, playing from 1953 through 1969.
He later played for the England national football team from 1963 through 1966.
He was born in Liverpool, England.
Barbro Hiort af Ornäs (28 August 1921 – 28 November 2015) was a Swedish actress.
She was born in Gothenburg, Sweden.
She won the Best Actress Award at the 1958 Cannes Film Festival for the movie Brink of Life.
She was also known for her roles in While the City Sleeps, All These Women, The Passion of Anna, and in The Sense of Marriage.
Maurice F. Strong (April 29, 1929 – November 27, 2015) was a Canadian businessman and diplomat.
He represented Canada as Under-Secretary General of the United Nations.
Strong had his start as an entrepreneur in the Alberta oil patch and was President of Power Corporation of Canada until 1966.
In the early 1970s he was Secretary General of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment and then became the first executive director of the United Nations Environment Programme.
He returned to Canada to become Chief Executive Officer of Petro-Canada from 1976 to 1978.
He was President of the Council of the University for Peace from 1998 to 2006.
Strong was born in Manitoba, Canada.
He died at the age of 86 on November 27, 2015.
Nicoletta Machiavelli (1 August 1944 – 15 November 2015), also known as Nicoletta Rangoni Machiavelli and Nicoletta Macchiavelli, was an Italian-American movie actress.
She was born in Ravarino to a Florentine father and American mother.
She was known for her works with John Huston and producer Dino De Laurentiis.
She was known for her roles in Navajo Joe (1966), Scarabea - wieviel Erde braucht der Mensch? (
1969) and L'important c'est d'aimer (1975).
Actress Machiavelli Now Star Teacher, bellevuecollege.edu; accessed 19 November 2015.
Hollywood Reporter
David Hoyt Canary (August 25, 1938 – November 16, 2015) was an American movie and television actor.
He was best known for his roles as Adam and Stuart Chandler in All My Children and as Candy Canady in Bonanza.
He was born in Elwood, Indiana.
Theodore "Ted" Schwinden (born August 31, 1925) is an American politician.
He served as the 23rd Lieutenant Governor of Montana serving from 1977 through 1981.
He later served as the 19th Governor of Montana serving from 1981 through 1989.
Philip Eugene "Phil"  Batt (born March 4, 1927) is an American politician.
He was the 29th Governor of Idaho serving from 1995 to 1999.
Between 1979 until 1983, Batt was the Lieutenant Governor of Idaho.
He was born in Wilder, Idaho
Idaho Public Television: Phil Batt
The Almanac of American Politics: Phil Batt
George Patterson Nigh (born June 9, 1927) is an American politician.
He served as the 17th and 22nd Governor of Oklahoma serving from January 6, 1963 through January 14, 1963 and then again from January 3, 1979 through January 12, 1987.
He was born in McAlester, Oklahoma.
Voices of Oklahoma interview with George Nigh.
First person interview conducted on May 1, 2009 with George Nigh.
Robert Dolph Ray (September 26, 1928 – July 8, 2018) was an American politician.
He served as the 38th Governor of Iowa serving from January 16, 1969 to January 14, 1983.
Ray was born in Des Moines, Iowa.
Robert D. Ray Collection - personal papers and official documents 1987-1999, at Cowles Library, Drake University
Albert Preston Brewer (October 26, 1928 – January 2, 2017) was an American politician.
He was the 47th Governor of Alabama serving from May 7, 1968, until January 18, 1971.
He studied at the University of Alabama.
He was married to Martha Farmer from 1950 until her death in 2006.
Brewer died on January 2, 2017 in a hospital in Birmingham, Alabama, aged 88.
Albert Brewer's biography from Cumberland School of Law website
Lieutenant Governors of Alabama
Robert David Fulton (born May 13, 1929) is an American politician.
He briefly served as the 37th Governor of Iowa during the first 16 days of 1969.
He also served as the 38th Lieutenant Governor of Iowa from 1965 to 1969.
Fulton was born in Waterloo, Iowa.
Stanley Graham Stephens (September 16, 1929 – April 3, 2021) was an American politician and broadcaster.
He served as the 20th Governor of Montana from 1989 until 1993.
Stephens is a member of the Republican Party.
Montana Broadcasters Association
Murphy James Foster, Jr., known as Mike Foster (July 11, 1930 – October 4, 2020) was an American politician.
He served as the 53rd Governor of Louisiana.
He served from January 1996 until January 2004.
Foster is a businessman, landowner, and sportsman in St. Mary Parish.
State of Louisiana – Biography
DuBos, Clancy.
“Foster on Fire.”
October 3, 1995.
Kurtz, David.
“Mike’s Millions:  He may be a working man, but Mike Foster certainly doesn’t have to.”
New Orleans Magazine, May 1996.
Reeves, Miriam.
The Governors of Louisiana.
Gretna: Pelican Publishing, 1998.
“Mike Foster’s Legacy: What Will it Be?”
State Business Louisiana.
Winter 2002.
Governor Murphy J. "Mike" Foster, Jr.
Edward Walter "Ed" Gillespie (born August 1, 1961) is an American Republican politician.
He served as the 61st Chairman of the Republican National Committee and Counselor to the President during George W. Bush's administration.
Gillespie, along with Democrat Jack Quinn, founded Quinn Gillespie & Associates, a bipartisan lobbying firm.
In January 2014, Gillespie announced he was running for Virginia's U.S. Senate seat currently held by Mark Warner in the 2014 election, and on June 7, 2014, he received the Republican nomination.
In October 2015, Gillespie announced his plans to run for Governor of Virginia in 2017.
In June 2017, he became the Republican Party's candidate for governor in Virginia's 2017 election, facing Democratic nominee Ralph Northam who later won the election.
Official Senate Campaign Website
Quinn & Gillespie
Chris Oakes, "Selling America on Crypto," Wired, March 4, 1998.
The United States Needs a Clear and Realistic Encryption Policy , Statement of Edward Gillespie, executive director, Americans for Computer Privacy, March 4, 1999.
Jim VandeHei, "Bush Policies Ease Transition For Aides Into Lobbyist Jobs," Wall Street Journal, March 19, 2001.https://web.archive.org/web/20030226013426/http://www.counterpunch.org/pipermail/counterpunch-list/2001-March/007364.html
Ryan Lizza, "The Insider," New Republic, June 19, 2001.https://web.archive.org/web/20021030041000/http://www.tnr.com/073001/lizza073001_print.html
A look at the 2004 presidential field , CNN.com, January 1, 2003: Ed Gillespie joined "Crossfire" hosts James Carville and Tucker Carlson.
Robert Novak, "Bush on the Hill," Creators Syndicate, May 24, 2003.
Mike Allen, "Bush Picks Campaign Chief, RNC Chairman ," Washington Post, June 17, 2003.
Elisabeth Bumiller, "Fierce Defender of President to Lead Campaign for Court", New York Times, July 6, 2005.
Thomas B. Edsall, "Lobbyist to Campaign For Bush Court Nominee: Gillespie Choice Marks Bid to Use GOP Muscle", Washington Post, July 8, 2005.
James Edward "Joe" Marston MBE (7 January 1926 – 29 November 2015) was an Australian association football player.
He became the first Australian to appear in a FA Cup Final when he turned out for Preston North End in their 1954 defeat to West Bromwich Albion.
He was born in Leichhardt, New South Wales, Australia.
Martson's death was announced on 29 November 2015.
Fernando de la Rúa (15 September 1937 – 9 July 2019) was an Argentine politician.
He was president of the country from December 10, 1999 to December 21, 2001.
He resigned during the December 2001 riots.
Biography and tenure by CIDOB (in Spanish)
Loretta Elizabeth Lynch (born May 21, 1959) is an American politician.
She was the 83rd Attorney General of the United States from April 27, 2015 to January 20, 2017.
Before, she served as United States Attorney for the Eastern District of New York from 1999 through 2001 and again from 2010 through 2015.
Lynch was nominated by President Barack Obama on November 8, 2014.
Her appointment was confirmed on April 23, 2015 by a 56 to 43 vote.
Her nomination process was one of the longest in the history of the United States, taking 166 days after she was first nominated for the post.
is an American lawyer and former judge.
He served as the 81st Attorney General of the United States.
Mukasey was appointed following the resignation of Alberto Gonzales.
Mukasey also served for 18 years as a judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, appointed by Ronald Reagan, six of those years as Chief Judge.
William Pelham "Bill" Barr (born May 23, 1950) is an American attorney.
He was the 85th Attorney General of the United States from February 14, 2019 to December 23, 2020 under the Donald Trump presidency.
Before, he was the 77th Attorney General under the George H. W. Bush presidency from 1991 to 1993.
On December 7, 2018, President Donald Trump announced that he would nominate Barr to again serve as Attorney General of the United States.
He was confirmed, for a second time, as Attorney General on February 14, 2019, and assumed office later the same day.
Nicholas deBelleville "Nick" Katzenbach (January 17, 1922 –  May 8, 2012) was an American lawyer.
He was the United States Attorney General during the Lyndon B. Johnson administration.
He was Attorney General from February 1965 through October 1966.
Oral History Interviews with Nicholas Katzenbach, from the Lyndon Baines Johnson Library
Artículo en español del diario "El País", 26 de mayo de 2012, "Nicholas Katzenbach, crucial político en la sombra"
Elliot Lee Richardson (July 20, 1920 December 31, 1999) was an American lawyer and politician.
He was a member of the cabinet of Presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford.
As U.S. Attorney General, he was a known figure in the Watergate Scandal, and resigned rather than obey President Nixon's order to fire special prosecutor Archibald Cox.
Richardson served as Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare from 1970 to 1973, Secretary of Defense from January to May 1973, Attorney General from May to October 1973, and Secretary of Commerce from 1976 to 1977.
That makes him one of only two individuals to have held four Cabinet positions within the United States government (the other such individual being George Shultz).
Social Security Administration Biography - Elliot L. Richardson
Frequency probability or Frequentism is one of the interpretations of probability theory.
Repeating a scientific experiment very often gives a number of results.
It is then possible, to count the number of times that a given event happened and compare it to the total number of experiments.
This interpretation of probabiilty was very important for statistics.
People who use this interpretation are often called Frequentists.
Well-known frequentists include  Richard von Mises, Egon Pearson, Jerzy Neyman, R. A. Fisher and John Venn.
Satnav uses a system of satellites.
The system gives exact positioning.
It allows small electronic receivers to find their position (longitude, latitude, and altitude/elevation).
The position is given within a few metres using time signals transmitted along a straight line (line of sight) by radio from satellites.
The signals also allow the receivers to calculate the current local time to high precision.
A satellite navigation system with global coverage may be called a global navigation satellite system (GNSS).
Global Positioning System is the biggest and most used GNSS.
GLONASS, owned by Russia, is the second biggest.
China, India, and the European Union are working on similar systems of their own.
Brett Kelly
Nocturne No.
2 in E-Flat Minor Op 9
Jingle Bell Rock by Bobby Sherman
Property law covers two types of property in the common law legal system, real property and personal property.
In the civil law system, there is a division between movable and immovable property.
Movable property is more or less the same as personal property.
It includes money, stocks, notes, copyrights and patents.
The idea behind all property law is property.
In some jurisdictions, historically all property was owned by the monarch.
Land ownership was through land tenure in feudal systems.
The first legal right of absolute ownership was under Roman law and was called dominion.
The Napoleonic Code was among the first government acts of modern times to introduce the notion of absolute ownership into statute.
But protection of personal property rights was present in medieval Islamic law.
Tyler David Ritter (born January 31, 1985) is an American actor best known as the star of The McCarthys.
Ritter is the son of the late John Ritter.
He is also the brother of Jason Ritter.
Ritter acted in high school plays and student movies, but did not immediately pursue acting professionally.
After graduating from the University of Pennsylvania in 2007, he worked for three years as a teacher in Argentina.
There he married director Lelia Parma.
He returned to Los Angeles and began a career as an actor at age 25.
Ritter has had guest roles on Hot in Cleveland, Modern Family, Grey's Anatomy and NCIS.
He landed the starring role on the 2014 sitcom The McCarthys, playing Ronny McCarthy, the openly gay son in a family of six.
Super Mario 128 refers to a series of development projects that were originally to be used only to create a sequel to Super Mario 64.
As debuted at Nintendo's Space World trade show in 2000, the demonstrated graphics and physics concepts were gradually incorporated into various games across many years.
This includes the rapid object generation in Pikmin, the "sphere walking" technology used in The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess and Super Mario Galaxy, and the physics of Metroid Prime.
Super Mario 64 sequel
The name Super Mario 128 was first used as early as January 1997 by Shigeru Miyamoto, as a possible name for a Super Mario 64 sequel.
This rumored expansion and sequel to Super Mario 64 called Super Mario 64-2 was said to be developed for the 64DD, but ended up being cancelled due to the 64DD's commercial failure.
Shigeru Miyamoto mentioned at E3's 1997 convention that he was "just getting started" on the project.
In November 1999, Shigeru Miyamoto said, "Well, for over a year now at my desk, a prototype program of Mario and Luigi has been running on my monitor.
We've been thinking about the game, and it may be something that could work on a completely new game system."
The game had only a demo of one level made for it.
Miyamoto claimed that multiplayer functionality was the first aspect of the game that he wanted to include.
Who Gets Autonomic Dysreflexia?
AD usually happens in people with spinal cord injuries that have caused damage above the sixth thoracic vertebra (T6, which is about at the same level of the armpits).
However, AD sometimes happens in people with spinal damage as low as their tenth thoracic vertebra (T10, which is about a few inches above the level of the belly button).
Acute AD causes many symptoms.
Some are very dangerous.
Hypertensive emergency: the person's blood pressure gets very high all of a sudden.
The blood pressure can get so high that it can cause a stroke.
bradycardia, a slow heart rate.
If the heart beats too slowly, the rest of the body cannot get enough blood or oxygen.
This is dangerous, because every part of the body needs blood (which carries oxygen) to survive.
If the brain does not get enough oxygen, a person can get brain damage or die.
If the heart does not get enough oxygen, it can stop beating normally or even stop beating completely.
Bad headaches
Stuffy nose
Skin flushing (redness) above the level of the spinal injury
Thinking problems
What Causes Autonomic Dysreflexia?
Acute AD happens when the involuntary nervous system gets overexcited.
The body's fight or flight response kicks in very strongly.
Scientists think this happens because of afferent nerves.
Afferent nerves are supposed to sense things (like touch) and send messages back to the brain and spinal cord so the brain can decide how to react.
Scientists think that afferent nerves below the spinal cord injury cause blood pressure to get and stay high, by causing the blood vessels to get smaller.
This is part of the fight or flight response.
Anchor Bay Entertainment was an American home entertainment and production company founded in 1985.
It is a division of Starz Media which is a unit of and a joint venture with Starz Inc. which owns 75%.
The Weinstein Company owns 25%.
It was owned by IDT Entertainment until 2006 when IDT was purchased by Starz Media.
Anchor Bay markets and sells feature movies, television series, television specials and short films to consumers worldwide.
In 2004, Anchor Bay agreed to have its movies distributed by 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment and renewed their deal in 2011.
Anchor Bay also had a movie studio known as Anchor Bay Films which distributed independent theatrical films.
in 2017, Anchor Bay was shut down.
Tomasz Kazimierz Tomczykiewicz (2 March 1961 – 28 November 2015) was a Polish politician.
He was elected to the Sejm on September 25, 2005 and again in 2015 for the 8th Sejm.
He was also a member of Sejm 2001-2005, Sejm 2005-2007, Sejm 2007-2011.
Tomczykiewicz was admitted to a hospital on 25 November 2015 due to a kidney disease.
He died three days later in Katowice, Poland at the age of 54.
Hugh Hewitt (born February 22, 1956) is an American radio talk show host.
He works with the Salem Radio Network.
He is also a  lawyer, academic, and author.
Hewitt is a conservative and a Catholic, he comments on society, politics, and media bias in the United States.
Hewitt is also a law professor at Chapman University School of Law.
Hewitt's columns at Townhall.com
Warren is a city in and the county seat of Trumbull County, Ohio, United States.
The city is located in northeastern Ohio, approximately  northwest of Youngstown and  west of the Pennsylvania state line.
The population was 41,557 at the 2010 census.
Warren is part of the Youngstown-Warren-Boardman, OH-PA Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Warren's official website
Eldar Alexandrovich Ryazanov (; 18 November 1927 – 30 November 2015) was a Russian movie director and screenwriter.
He was named a People's Artist of the USSR in 1984.
He was born in present day Samara, Russia.
He was known for his movies; Carnival Night (1955), Hussar Ballad (1962), Beware of the Car (1966), The Irony of Fate (1975), Office Romance (1977), The Garage (1979), A Cruel Romance (1984), and Promised Heaven (1991).
Ryazanov suffered a stroke in 2014.
He was rushed to a hospital in Moscow for breathing problems on 21 November, 2015.
Ryazanov died there eight days later on the night of 30 November from respiratory and heart failure at the age of 88.
Russian Fan Site
Anatoly Ivanovich Savin (born 6 April 1920 in Ostashkov, Russia - 27 March 2016) was a Russian scientist.
He is a specialist in the field of information and control automation systems.
He is also a doctor in Technical Science.
Savin is the chairman of the Council on the problems of image processing and the scientific director of OJSC.
Интервью с Савиным
На сайте Концерн ПВО «Алмаз-Антей»
На сайте Биографический центр
На сайте ЦНИИ «Комета»
Norman Frederick Jewison, CC, O.Ont (born July 21, 1926) is a Canadian movie director, producer, and actor.
He is the founder of the Canadian Film Centre.
He is known for his works; The Cincinnati Kid (1965), The Russians Are Coming, the Russians Are Coming (1966), In the Heat of the Night (1967), The Thomas Crown Affair (1968), Fiddler on the Roof (1971), Jesus Christ Superstar (1973), F.I.S.T (1978), ...And Justice for All (1979), A Soldier's Story (1984), Agnes of God (1985), Moonstruck (1987), Other People's Money (1991), The Hurricane (1999) and The Statement (2003).
Jewison has addressed important social and political issues throughout his directing and producing career.
This often made him a controversial or complicated figure.
The Norman Jewison Collection at the Victoria University Library at the University of Toronto contains photographs and publicity materials, papers and correspondence, shooting scripts and schedules for films directed or produced by Jewison between 1975 and 2003.
CBC Digital Archives: Master Storyteller Norman Jewison
movie clips: , compilation, 5 min.
The Mesoamerican pyramids were pyramids built by native american indians in Central America.
They were mostly step pyramids.
The Mayan pyramids are an example.
Toltecs
Zapotecs
Purépechans
Chalchihuite
Breath sounds are the sounds made by air as it moves through the respiratory system.
Breath sounds are also called lung sounds or respiratory sounds.
Sometimes they can be heard by anyone; other times they can be heard only by listening to the lungs and airways with a stethoscope.
To describe and identify breath sounds, medical professionals usually use auscultation (they listen with a stethoscope).
They listen while the patient is breathing in, and while they are breathing out.
They listen to both lungs, at both the chest and the back, starting at the bottom and working their way up.
They listen to whether the pitch of the breath sounds is low, medium or high.
They also listen to whether the sounds are soft, medium, loud, or very loud).
Abnormal Breath Sounds
There are many kinds of breath sounds that are not normal.
These are called adventitious breath sounds.
Each different kind of abnormal breath sound is a sign of a different problem.
Some of the most common abnormal breath sounds are:
Wheezing
Wheezing is usually high-pitched.
It sounds musical, like whistling.
Usually, wheezing is heard first when a person is breathing out.
If it gets worse, wheezing starts happening when the patient breathes in and out.
Wheezing is caused by the airways being too narrow.
This can happen because of diseases like asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD).
If the airways are too narrow, the oxygen the body needs cannot get through.
This can become a medical emergency.
The patient can be given supplemental (extra) oxygen through a mask.
Sometimes, moist, hot air can help wheezing.
Sitting in an area like a shower, or using a vaporizer (which creates moist, warm air) may be helpful for mild wheezing.
Emergency medical technicians or hospitals can also give humidified oxygen, which is mixed with warm water to make the oxygen into a warm steam.
There are medicines called bronchodilators that relax and open up the airways.
This reverses the cause of wheezing and makes it easier to breathe.