the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
Over one billion people have seen the operation in the evening news.
After receiving a letter of recognition from the United Nations, Woerde and his team admitted to the creative industry that they were behind this initiative.
Woerde decided to give one public interview to the popular TV show Humberto Tan’s RTL Late Night to explain the intervention and to make clear that he was no longer involved in Terre des hommes, Sweetie or police activities.
In 2017 Mark Woerde and his team from Lemz and LetsHeal developed together with The Elijah Interfaith Institute the groundbreaking, record-breaking and award-winning media project “Make Friends Across Religions” that brought to the man on the street a friendship call by the world’s most prominent faith leaders, such as Pope Francis and the Dalai Lama.
The Sweetie campaign won several important awards, such as the D&DA White and Black Pencil and the Cannes Lions Grand Prix For Good.
Mark Woerde won the Global Business & Interfaith Peace Medal in 2018 for his project "Make Friends Across Religions" and received this from former secretary of the United Nations Ban Ki-Moon.
Tsukudani is a Japanese food.
It is small seafood, meat or seaweed that has been simmered in soy sauce and mirin.
For example, Inago no tsukudani made from locusts that are boiled in soy sauce and sugar.
Speed Walking () is a 2014 Danish drama movie directed by Niels Arden Oplev and is based on the novel of the same name by Morten Kirkskov.
It stars Villads Bøye, Frederik Winther Rasmussen, Kraka Donslund Nielsen, Anders W. Berthelsen, Sidse Babett Knudsen.
Movies directed by Niels Arden Oplev
The valle tree frog (Boana rubracyla) is a frog that lives in Chocó and Valle del Cauca in Colombia.
It also lives in Ecuador.
It lives below 500 meters above sea level.
Garðabær is a municipality in the Capital Region of Iceland.
In 2019, 16,299 people lived there.
The municipality of Álftanes was merged into the neighboring municipality of Garðabær in January 2013.
Garðabær is twinned with:
Asker, Norway
Eslöv, Sweden
Jakobstad, Finland
Rudersdal, Denmark
Kjósarhreppur, also known as Kjós, is a municipality in Iceland.
It is part of the Capital Region.
In 2020, 245 people lived there.
Mosfellsbær is a town and municipality in southwest Iceland.
It is  east of the nations capital, Reykjavík.
In 2020, 12,073 people lived there.
Satoshi Uematsu (, 1990- ) was a Japanese mass murderer, a perpetrator of 2016 Sagamihara stabbings that killed 19 people.
He was a 26-year-old (at the time of the incident) man.
Uematsu used to work at the care home Tsukui Yamayuri En (津久井やまゆり園).
He resigned from working at the facility in February 2016 after having been employed there for over three years.
In February 2016, Uematsu appealed by letter for the legalization of ending the lives of those with multiple disabilities in cases where it was requested by their guardians, and asked for Tadamori Oshima's assistance in delivering his message to Japanese Prime Minister Shinzō Abe.
In it, he wrote, "I envision a world where a person with multiple disabilities can be euthanised, with an agreement from the guardians, when it is difficult for the person to carry out household and social activities."
He also wrote that the killings of the disabled would be "for the sake of Japan and world peace" as well as to benefit the global economy and prevent World War III.
In 26 July 2016, Uematsu killed 19 people at Tsukui Yamayuri En by Knives.
On 16 March 2020, Uematsu was sentenced to death by the Yokohama District Court, having previously said he would not challenge any verdict or sentence.
On 30 March 2020, his death sentence was finalized as he withdrew automatic appeal to the upper courts.
Seltjarnarnes is a town and municipality in the Capital Region of Iceland.
In 2020, 4,726 people lived there.
Seltjarnarnes is twinned with:
Lieto, Finland
Nesodden, Norway
Herlev, Denmark
Höganäs, Sweden
The 1957 African Cup of Nations was the 1st edition of The tournament.
It was hosted in Sudan.
Comps-sur-Artuby is a commune of 346 people (2018).
Correns is a commune of 912 people (2018).
Cotignac is a commune of 2,136 people (2018).
La Crau is a commune of 18,506 people (2018).
La Croix-Valmer is a commune of 3,778 people (2018).
Nowy Sącz (; ; ; ) is a city in Lesser Poland Voivodeship in Poland.
In 2018, 83,896 people lived there.
It is at the confluence of the Kamienica River and Dunajec.
Nowy Sącz is twinned with:
Columbia County, United States
Narvik, Norway
Prešov, Slovakia
Schwerte, Germany
Stará Ľubovňa, Slovakia
Stryi, Ukraine
The Wirral, England, United Kingdom
Julie London (originally Julie Peck; September 26, 1926 – October 18, 2000) was an American pop and jazz singer, television, stage, radio and movie actress.
Her career lasted for almost four decades.
London was known for having sultry contralto vocal ranges.
Contralto means a female singing voice whose vocal range has the lowest female voice type.
She recorded just over thirty pop and jazz albums between 1955 and 1969.
Her recording of the Arthur Hamilton melancholy pop ballad "Cry Me a River" was added into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 2001.
London was also awarded a Golden Globe Award in 1974 for her role as Dixie McCall in the 1970s NBC television show Emergency! (
1972 to 1977).
London was the female lead in a lot of Western movies.
Those included acting with Gary Cooper in Man of the West (1958), Robert Taylor in Saddle the Wind (another 1958 Western movie) and Robert Mitchum for The Wonderful Country (1959).
Other movies were the crime movie Crimes Against Joe (1956) and the musical and comedy movie The Girl Can't Help It (also from 1956).
London released several albums during the 1960s.
Those included Whatever Julie Wants (1961), Love Letters (1962) and The End of the World (1963).
The latter carried her cover of the Skeeter Davis song.
London was born in Santa Rosa, California.
She was affected with negative health after a stroke in 1995.
Four years later, London was given a diagnosis of lung cancer.
She died from cardiac arrest inside a Los Angeles hospital at age 74.
The Second Syrian Republic—officially the Syrian Republic from 1950 to 1958 and the Syrian Arab Republic from 1961 to 1963—succeeded the First Syrian Republic that had become de facto independent in April 1946 from the French Mandate.
The First Syrian Republic, officially the Syrian Republic, was formed in 1930 as a component of the French Mandate of Syria and Lebanon, succeeding the State of Syria.
The State of Syria (,  ) was a French Mandate state created by decree of 5 December 1924, with effect from 1 January 1925, from the union of the State of Aleppo and the State of Damascus.
Mandat Syrie-Liban ... (1920-1946)
La Syrie et le mandat français (1920-1946)
Les Relations franco-libanaises dans le cadre des relations Internationales
Mandat français au Proche-Orient
Don Benito is a municipality of 37,284 people (2020).
It is in the province of Badajoz in the autonomous community of Extremadura in Spain.
It is on the Guadiana river.
The Maine is a river in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France.
It is 11.5 km long and is a tributary of the Loire river.
It is formed by the confluence of the Mayenne and Sarthe rivers north of Angers.
It flows through this city and joins the Loire southwest of Angers.
Pérols-sur-Vézère is a commune in the Corrèze department.
It is in central France.
Corrèze is a commune in the Corrèze department.
Cuers is a commune of 11,560 people (2018).
Entrecasteaux is a commune of 1,124 people (2018).
Esparron is a commune of 364 people (2018).
Esparron is the name of four communes in France:
Esparron, Hautes-Alpes, in the Hautes-Alpes department
Esparron, Haute-Garonne, in the Haute-Garonne department
Esparron, Var, in the Var department
Esparron-de-Verdon, in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department
Esparron is a commune.
Gino Strada (born Luigi Strada; 21 April 1948 – 13 August 2021) was an Italian physician, human rights activist, peace activist, and war surgeon.
He was the founder of Emergency, an international non-governmental organization.
Strada was born in Sesto San Giovanni, Italy.
Strada died in Rouen, France on 13 August 2021 from heart failure, aged 73.
Haydee Coloso-Espino (August 28, 1937 – August 12, 2021) was a Filipino swimmer.
She competed at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome.
She was born in Dueñas, Philippines.
She was known as the "Asian Swim Queen".
In January 2020, Coloso-Espino was hospitalized for a respiratory tract infection.
She died at her home in Iloilo City on August 12, 2021, aged 83.
Les Vandyke (born John Worsley; 21 June 1931 – 6 August 2021) was an English pop singer-songwriter.
Vandyke wrote the UK No.1 hits "What Do You Want?", "
Poor Me" (both for Adam Faith), and "Well I Ask You" (for Eden Kane).
Vandyke died on 6 August 2021 at the age of 90.
Nanci Caroline Griffith (July 6, 1953 – August
13, 2021) was an American country folk singer-songwriter and guitarist.
Griffith appeared many times on the PBS music program Austin City Limits.
Griffith was born in Seguin, Texas.
Her career lasted from 1977 until 2013.
Griffith won a Grammy Award in 1994.
Griffith died on August 13, 2021 in Nashville, Tennessee at the age of 68.
Gábor Novák (14 August 1934 – 5 August 2021) was a Hungarian sprint canoer.
He won a silver medal in the C-1 10000 m event at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki.
Robert Henry Burnside (May 20, 1933 – August 2, 2021) was an American lawyer and politician.
He was a member of the South Carolina House of Representatives from 1971 to 1978.
He was born in Columbia, South Carolina.
Burnside died on August 2, 2021 in Columbia at the age of 88.
Devizes is a constituency of the UK Parliament.
It is in Wiltshire, England.
The current MP for it is Danny Kruger, a Conservative.
He was elected in the 2019 United Kingdom general election.
The constituency has four towns and many villages inside it.
The area's MP has been someone from the Conservative Party since 1924.
Devizes originally elected two Members of Parliament (MPs).
They did this until the 1868 general election.
They stopped because the Reform Act 1867 lowered its their amount of MPs to one MP.
MPs are elected by first-past-the-post.
The seat has had a Conservative MP elected at every election since 1924.
Its most well-known MP was Henry Addington.
Addington was the MP for the seat when he was Prime Minister.
He also was the MP for the seat when he was Speaker of the House of Commons.
1295–1640
1640–1832
1832–1868
Since 1868
Devizes has been a usual Conservative seat since 1945.
The current Member of Parliament is Danny Kruger.
He was first elected at the 2019 general election.
The MP before him was Claire Perry.
Perry decided not to run at the next election.
Devizes was the constituency of the fictional (fake) Conservative MP The Honourable Sir Piers Fletcher-Dervish, Baronet, later Junior Minister for Housing, in the TV sitcom The New Statesman.
The actor Michael Troughton played the MP.
The show was set in the 1980s.
This was when Charles Andrew Morrison was MP for the actual seat.
Jason Matthew Ethier (born February 14, 1990), also known as ImJayStation or JayStation, is a Internet personality and former YouTuber from Canada.
He began as JayStation.
In 2016, he was arrested by Ottawa police for trespassing for doing "24-hour overnight challenges".
As such, his channel got demonetized.
After the arrest he went under the new name ImJayStation.
Music censorship refers to editing, censoring or changing different forms/areas of music for a particular reason.
The reasons for censoring or editing a song often include moral, religious or political subjects or themes involving the song in question.
Censorship often varies from the complete government-enforced legal prohibitions for musical works to the optional removal of questionable or inappropriate material when a song or other musical work appears in a particular context.
Songs are often edited before they're broadcast on any radio or television networks.
This is for removing any material that may be classified as objectionable for a number of listeners.
The objectionable materials in question include profanity, references to sex, violence and drug abuse/trafficking.
This is mainly done to comply with the relevant rule in broadcasting and with the conduct codes.
It's also done for making songs more marketable for mainstream audiences.
Songs edited for materials within this manner are mainly called clean version songs.
Common editing techniques include backmasking, blocking or completely replacing any offensive lyrics with different words.
Examples of songs with questionable or offensive words
Several different edits of the CeeLo Green pop/soul song "Fuck You".
These include one where the song's lyrics and title were changed to "Forget You."
Another mutes the profanity fuck without actually replacing it.
The original title for The Black Eyed Peas' 2003 song "Let's Get it Started" was "Let's Get Retarded".
The song's title was changed because the word retarded was an offensive word. "
Let's Get it Started" was later released as a standalone single.
It peaked at #21 on the United States' Billboard Hot 100.
Songs having possibly objectionable wordings with double meanings or mishearings of certain phrases were also sometimes censored.
One example for such songs includes Britney Spears' 2009 dance-pop single "If U Seek Amy".
The chorus and title for this Spears' song were heard in the words "F-U-C-K me".
Spears' then record labels made a radio edit of the song in which the word seek was replaced by see.
That was because "If U Seek Amy" was criticized for being a sexually offensive song.
The song caused serious controversy related to possible obscenity all across the world.
Similar concerns and troubles happened with The Black Eyed Peas' 2005 single "Don't Phunk with My Heart".
Radio stations were especially worried the word phunk (the misspelling of the word funk) could be misheard by listeners as sounding almost like the word fuck.
The group's record label created an alternate version changing the word to mess.
Some listeners have not been satisfied with musical works being edited for being played over radio.
They say that it damages the artistic integrity of the original song.
Listeners have to seek out other platforms which are not being censored.
One example of such platforms is listening to music through the Internet.
The gangsta rap group N.W.A was highly controversial, in particular for the song "Fuck tha Police", released in 1988.
The assistant directors of the Federal Bureau of Investigation sent letters to Priority Records to protest against the lyrics of the song.
In 1992, another song about violence towards law enforcement agents, "Cop Killer", was released by Body Count and rap singer Ice-T.
The civil rights activist C. Delores Tucker criticized gangsta rap.
She was intensely criticized during several songs over her having negative opinions toward gangsta rap.
One especially criticizing song was the 1996 Tupac Shakur song "How Do U Want It".
Tucker sued Shakur's estate for emotional distress and slander related to the song.
The lawsuit, however, was later dismissed.
In 1990, Floridian political activist Jack Thompson targeted Miami-based rap singers 2 Live Crew and their 1989 album As Nasty as They Wanna Be.
Songs on the album included "Me So Horny" (taken from the 1987 war movie Full Metal Jacket).
Thompson classified the rap album as obscene.
Doom is an science fiction movie directed by Andrezej Bartkowiak.
Loosely based on adaptation on video game same title of the popular series by id Software.
The movie starring Karl Urban, Rosamund Pike, Razaaq Adoti, and Dwayne "The Rock" Johnson.
After movie rights deals with Universal Pictures and Columbia Pictures has been expired, id Software was signed with a deal with Warner Bros, with the stipuation that the movie would be greenlit within a year.
14 years later, after the first Doom movie come out, executive producer John Wells stated that a reboot version called Doom: Anihilation was released in 2019.
A Night in Casablanca is a 1946 American comedy movie directed by Archie Mayo and starring Groucho Marx, Harpo Marx, Chico Marx, Charles Drake, Lois Collier, Sig Ruman, Lewis L. Russell.
Movie rights are rights under copyright law to produce a movie as a derivative work of a given item of intellectual property.
In the US law, these rights belong to the holderf of the copyright, who may sell (or "option") them to someone in the movie industry—usually a producer or director, or maybe sometimes a specialist of such propeties—who will then try to gather industry professionals, and secure the financial backing necessary to convert the property into a movie.
Police Academy: Mission to Moscow is a 1994 American comedy movie directed by Alan Matter and is the seventh movie in the Police Academy series.
It stars Michael Winslow, David Graf, Leslie Easterbrook, George Gaynes, Christopher Lee, G.W. Bailey, Charlie Schlatter, Ron Perlman and was distributed by Warner Bros..
Army Men is a series of video games developed by The 3DO Company and published by Global Star Software.
Rhino Season is a 2012 documentary movie directed by Bahman Ghobadi and starring Behrouz Vossoughi, Monica Bellucci, Yılmaz Erdoğan, Caner Cindoruk, Belçim Bilgin, Beret Saat.
Boana ericae is a frog that lives in Brazil.
Scientists have only seen it in one place, in Chapada dos Veadeiros in Goiás.
Helen Parr, (or Elastigirl, Mrs. Incredible), is a fictional character who appears in Pixar's animated superhero film The Incredibles (2004) and its sequel Incredibles 2 (2018).
Voiced by actress Holly Hunter, the character is a superhero who possesses superhuman elasticity, granting her the ability to stretch any part of her body to great proportions.
It was written and developed by Brad Bird.
Too Young to Love is a 1959 British courtroom drama movie directed by Muriel Box and was based on the play Pickup Girl by Elsa Shelley.
It stars Pauline Hahn, Austin Willis, Vivian Matalon, Jess Conrad, Alan Gifford, Bessie Love, Cec Linder, Miki Iveria.
Dreams ( (Ahlaam) ) is a 2006 Iraqi drama movie directed by Mohamed Al-Daradji and starring Aseel Adel, Bashir Al-Majid, Mohamed Hashim.
Movies directed by Mohamed Al-Daradji
Queensland Kanaka English, Queensland Canefields English or Queensland Plantation Pidgin English is an English-based pidgin spoken by Melanesians labourers in parts of Queensland during the late 1860s.
The Undercover Man is a 1949 American crime thriller movie directed by Joseph H. Lewis and starring Glenn Ford, Nina Foch, James Whitmore, Barry Kelley, David Bauer, Howard St. John, Leo Penn, Kay Medford.
Muyinga is a city in northern Burundi.
It is the capital of the Muyinga Province.
It is at an elevation of 1731 m and 100,715 people lived there.
The city is about 117 km northeast of Bujumbura, the nation's capital.
Shadows and Fog is a 1991 American mystery comedy movie directed by Woody Allen (who also stars) and also starring Kathy Bates, Jodie Foster, John Cusack, Mia Farrow, Donald Pleasence, John C. Reilly, Madonna, John Malkovich, Fred Gwynne, Lily Tomlin.
Domino is a 2019 crime drama movie directed by Brian De Palma and starring Guy Pearce, Nikolaj Coster-Waldau, Carice van Houten, Paprika Steen, Eriq Ebouaney.
Veins of the World () is a 2020 Mongolian German drama movie directed by Byambasuren Davaa and starring Bat-Ireedui Batmunkh, Enerel Tumen, Yalalt Namsrai, Algirchamin Baatarsuren, Ariunbyamba Sukhee.
Movies directed by Byambasuren Davaa
The Cave of the Yellow Dog (; ) is a 2005 Mongolian German children's drama movie directed by Byambasuren Davaa and starring Urjindorjyn Batchuluun, Buyandulamyn Daramdadi, Batchuluuny Nansal.
College of Aeronautical Engineering, Guwahati, Assam is an institution providing Aircraft Maintenance Engineering along with B.Sc.
in Aeronautics.
It is the only institute of its kind in the entire North-East, India Region.
Athis-Mons is a French commune.
35,101 people lived here in 2018.
A small part of Orly Airport is on the territory of the commune.
Bezons is a French commune.
It is in the northwestern suburbs of Paris,  from the center.
30,484 people lived here in 2018.
Brunoy is a French commune.
It is in the southeastern suburbs of Paris,  from the center.
25,354 people lived here in 2018.
Bussy-Saint-Georges is a French commune.
26,806 people lived here in 2018.
Bussy-Saint-Georges was first mentioned as Villa Buxido in 841.
The full name of Bussy-Saint-Georges appeared in the 13th century.
Maurice Boitel (1919–2007), French painter
Bussy-Saint-Georges is twinned with:
Radcliffe-on-Trent, England, United Kingdom, since 1999
Kiryat Ekron, Israel, since 1998
San Giuliano Milanese, Italy, since 2002
Meiningen, Germany, since 2006
The 2021–22 Premier League is the 30th season of the Premier League, the top division of football in England.
Manchester City are the defending champions, having won their fifth Premier League title in the last season.
The season started on 13 August 2021.
There are 20 teams in this season and 17 return from last season.
The teams that came up from the Championship are Norwich City, Watford (who both return to the Premier League after being away for a year) and Brentford (who return to the top division for the first time in seventy-four years).
Note Table lists in alphabetical order.
(H) – Home team(A) – Away team
Most yellow cards: 6
Emmanuel Dennis (Watford)
Rúben Neves (Wolverhampton Wanderers)
Mohammed Salisu (Southampton)
Most red cards: 1
23 players
Most yellow cards: 50
6 clubs
Chatichai Choonhavan (, , ; 5 April 1920 – 6 May 1998) was a Thai army officer and politician.
He was the Prime Minister of Thailand from August 1988 until he was removed from power of February 1991.
Levone is a comune in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Piedmont region in Italy.
Levone is next to these municipalities: Forno Canavese, Rivara, Rocca Canavese, and Barbania.
Enrique Chalar (February 1, 1959 – August 13, 2021), better known as Pil Trafa, was an Argentine punk rock singer and composer.
He was an important singer in Spanish punk rock music in Latin America.
He played with his band Los Violadores.
Trafa was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
His career began popular in the 1980s.
Trafa died on August 13, 2021 at his home in Lima, Peru from cardiopulmonary arrest, aged 62.
Rivara is a comune in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Piedmont region in Italy.
Henryk Franciszek Hoser (27 November 1942 – 13 August 2021) was a Polish prelate of the Catholic Church.
He was bishop of Roman Catholic Diocese of Warszawa-Praga in Poland from 2008 to 2017.
Hoser died on 13 August 2021 in Warsaw, aged 78.
Dilys Watling (born Dilys Rhys Jones, 5 May 1943 – 10 August 2021) was an English actress.
She was best known for her roles in many BBC television shows.
She was in Coronation Street, The Benny Hill Show and The Two Ronnies.
Watling was born in Fulmer Chase, Buckinghamshire.
Her career lasted from 1962 until 1994.
Watling died on 10 August 2021, aged 78.
Andrzej Borodzik (9 April 1930 – 13 August 2021) was a Polish politician and chemist.
He was born in Sulejówek, Poland.
From 2005 until 2007, he was President of the Polish Scouting and Guiding Association.
He was also a member of Sejm from 1965 until 1972.
Borodzik died on 13 August 2021 at the age of 91.
Sulejówek  is a town in Poland.
It is about 18 km east of Warsaw.
Bitonto is a city in the Apulia region of Italy.
It is to the west of Bari, near the Adriatic Sea.
The city is known for producing olive oil and wine.
About 54,500 people live in Bitonto.
San Giuliano Milanese is an Italian city in Lombardy.
It is about  southeast of Milan and has about 36,000 inhabitants.
San Giuliano Milanese is twinned with:
Bussy-Saint-Georges, France
Curtea de Argeş, Romania
Formigine is an Italian city in Emilia-Romagna.
It has about 34,000 inhabitants.
Chatou is a French commune.
30,330 people lived here in 2018.
Draveil is a French commune.
28,741 people lived here in 2018.
Élancourt is a French commune.
25,575 people lived here in 2018.
Élancourt is twinned with:
Laubach, Germany
Cassina de' Pecchi, Italy
Gräfenhainichen, Germany
Attard, Malta
Vimartin-sur-Orthe is a commune of 1,121 people (2018).
The municipality was created on 1 January 2021 and consists of the former communes of Saint-Pierre-sur-Orthe (the seat), Saint-Martin-de-Connée and Vimarcé.
21st-century establishments in France
Saint-Aubin-des-Préaux is a commune.
Saint-Aubin-de-Terregatte is a commune.
Évenos is a commune of 2,423 people (2018).
La Farlède is a commune of 9,348 people (2018).
Rastatt is a town in the district of Rastatt in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
It is about 22 km southwest of Karlsruhe.
Rastatt is twinned with:
Fano, Italy
Guarapuava, Brazil
New Britain, United States
Orange, France
Ostrov, Czech Republic
Woking, England, United Kingdom
Boana atlantica is a frog that lives in Brazil.
The Michaux-Perreaux steam velocipede was a steam-powered moving machine.
It looked like a motorcycle.
It was a steam engine on a bicycle.
Louis-Guillaume Perreaux made the steam engine, and Pierre Michaux made the bicycle.
It was made in France between 1867 and 1871.
It is one of three moving machines that people say could be the first motorcycle.
The two others are the Roper steam velocipede of 1867 or 1868 and the internal combustion engine Daimler Reitwagen of 1885.
Perreaux made the steam velocipede better over time.
He had built a tricycle version by 1884.
The only Michaux-Perreaux steam velocipede made, on loan from the Musée de l'Île-de-France, Sceaux, was the first machine viewers saw when they went into the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum rotunda in the Art of the Motorcycle exhibition in New York in 1998.
First motorcycle?
Not everyone agrees on which machine was the first motorcycle.
Wtiter L. J. K. Setright said the simplest way to say what a motorcycle was was a bicycle with a heat engine. "
If we accept this we must go on to admit that its prototype is unidentifiable, shrouded in the mists of industrial antiquity," meaning that this definition meant no one could say for sure which motorcycle was first.
Both the Michaux-Perreaux and Roper machines have also been said to be produced in the years  1867, 1868, and 1869.
Other people, such as Cycle World'''s Technical Editor Kevin Cameron, say neither of these two machines were the first motorcycles.
They either say that a true motorcycle must use a gasoline internal combustion engine, or that the first motorcycle must use the same technology as motorcycles that were good enough for people to make many of them.
They say that "dead end" motorcycles do not count.
These people say that Wilhelm Maybach and Gottlieb Daimler's 1885 Daimler Reitwagen was the first motorcycle.
The first motorcycle that was mass-produced is easier to find.
It was the  liquid cooled four-stroke Hildebrand &amp; Wolfmüller of 1894.
It was mass-produced, and sold commecially.
Definition of first motorcycle
The Oxford English Dictionary'' and other dictionaries say that motorcycles must have an internal combustion engine.
By this definition, the Michaux-Perreaux steam velocipede is not a motorcycle.
For most of the 20th century, people thought this definition of "motorcycle" was good.
But then electric motorcycles became more important.
Some people say the Reitwagen was the first motorcycle because  its power generator is like the power generators in almost all later motorcycles that worked well.
Cameron said, "History follows things that succeed, not things that fail."
Writer Glynn Ker ignored the Michaux-Perraux altogether.
Ker says the Daimler Reitwagen is, "the predecessor of all gasoline-driven vehicles on land, sea, or air."
He does not call it a true motorcycle, though, because it had to use two wheels that stuck out from the sides to keep from falling over, so it could not lean to the side the way modern motorcycles do.
Kerr also says that that the Reitwagen was not as well designed as other vehicles Daimler and Maybach made.
Daimler and Maybach were not interested in motorcycles at the time.
They wanted to use the Motorwagen to test their engine.
After they had developed it, they worked on building a four wheeled stagecoach, a hot air balloon, and a boat instead.
David Burgess-Wise called the Daimler-Maybach test bed "a crude makeshift."
He said, "as a bicycle, it was 20 years out of date."
L. J. K. Setright and David Burgess-Wise say that it was Pierre Michaux's son Ernest who first attached the engine to the velocipede.
Charles M. Falco says it was Louis-Guillaume Perreaux.
The Michaux-Perreaux machine was made out of one of the first pedal bicycles that sold well, a boneshaker.
Michaux had been building over 400 of these bicycles per year since 1863.
The velocipede also used a single cylinder alcohol fueled Perreaux engine, which used twin flexible leather belt drives to the rear wheel.
They put a steam pressure gauge where the rider could see it, above the front wheel.
They added a hand control so the rider could control the steam.
The base Michaux velocipede came with a spoon brake, but the steam version had no brakes.
The engine weighed , and the whole steam velocipede weighed .
In a June 14, 1871 version, Perreaux removed some cranks and pedals from the front wheel.
There was an arched downtube instead of straight one to give the engine more space.
The steam velocipede worked.
It did not have any commercial successors.
Only one of the original 1867–1871 machine was ever made, but by 1884, Perreaux showed a tricycle version of his steam velocipede at the Industrial Exhibition on the Champs-Élysées, Paris.
It had two rear wheels, and the belt drove the front wheel.
The alcohol-fueled engine had a bore and stroke like the original's, and developed a steam pressure of 3½ atm (250 kPa) in its  boiler.
It could move as fast as .
The water tanks had enough fuel for two to three hours of steam, so it could go .
Mojgan Azimi (, born ) is an Afghan singer and painter.
Mojgan Azimi born on August 21, 1985 in Herat, Afghanistan.
The Mojgan family immigrated to Iran after the Afghan civil war and settled in Mashhad.
She completed her primary and secondary education in Iran and then emigrated to Germany with her family.
Mojgan's family moves to Switzerland after a while, she is currently living in Switzerland.
Mojgan started her artistic activities at the age of 10 with oil painting.
She later studied classical guitar and completed vocal lessons at the age of 18.
She has recorded "Ayah" and "twenty-five years" in Iran in 2018.
The music video for "Ayah" is known as the first professional work of her, which has rich messages for support of women's, human rights and condemnation of customs and gender discrimination beliefs about them in Afghanistan.
She published "Hakeman" in the beginning of autumn 2018.
The song won the first prize for best singer, best music and best songwriting at the 2018 San Francisco Roman Award Festival.
In urban planning and design, blue space or blue infrastructure refers to all the areas which have bodies of water or water courses (that is lakes, rivers, and bays).
Together with greenspace (parks, gardens and the like), it allows to lower the temperature in the city (called urban heat island).
Many cities have waterbodies.
Very often, these waterbodies have been important in the history of the city.
One such example is the  River Thames in London.
Accessible blue spaces can help revitalize neighborhoods.
It can also promote the people feeling like they belong together.
Examples of such project are the  Chattanooga Waterfront (Chattanooga, Tennessee),  the CityDeck in Green Bay, Wisconsin, or the Brooklyn Bridge Park in New York City.
Festivals at the waterfront also help promote this feeling.
Neighborhoods with access to attractive natural features often have the problem of gentrification, people with more money, a better education or a higher social class will move in, and lead to a price increase.
For this reason, the social benefits associated with waterbodies are often not distributed equally.
Normal neighborhoods and poorer ones often do not have access to good quality blue spaces.
Health benefits of blue spaces
Living close to water bodies carriessome risks, such as water-borne diseases in drinking water, flooding risks, or drowning.
Scientific evidence shows that exposure to blue spaces is also associated with different health benefits to those near water bodies.
One of the mechanisms by which this phenomenon can be explained is by the Biophilia hypothesis developed by Edward O. Wilson.
This theory states that humans have developed a strong connection with nature throughout their evolution: This  leads them to subconsciously seek natural environments, including green and blue spaces.
Recent research has identified three main way that can help explain why living close to green and blue spaces can be beneficial to health.
Mitigation addresses these health benefits and looks at the physical improvements that natural environments bring to the built environment, such as reduction of urban heat island, traffic air pollution or traffic noise.
Instoration focuses on the promotion of physical activity and other positive outcomes associated with people being more active and on social connectivity promoted by natural spaces.
Restoration explains how the non-threatening characteristics of the natural environments reduce negative feelings and increase cognitive restoration.
Effects of blue spaces on physical health
Increased physical activity
Different studies have found that people who live near coastal areas are more likely to practice a form of physical activity that is healthy.
This has been explained by the fact that there are walking paths along the coast, that can be used.
Another explanation is that blue spaces have aestethical attributes (they 'look good') which may motivate people to practice a physical activity near or on the water.
Having a body of water close by is not enough to motivate people to be physically active: These bodies of water need to be accessible.
A study that focused on teenagers found that those living near beaches that had a major road between their homes and the water body had lower levels of physical activity than those with a direct access to the beach.
Reduced obesity
As outlined above, the presence of blue spaces may lead to people being physically more active.
A study found that people who lived far from green spaces or a waterfront in an urban area have a higher risk of developing obesity.
Better breathing
People who have conditions that affect breathing (such as asthma) can improve their quality of life when they move closer to a body of water.
This could be explained by the mists and sprays generated by the water movement.
Another study that measured the impact in health of green and blue spaces for those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) had similar findings.
Effects of blue spaces on mental health
Better overall mental health
Researchers found a reduction of psychiatric cases on people living near green or coastal areas.
Some of the studies found that ocean exposure or running along river  helped war veterans suffering from PTSD.
Others found that practising water-related activities such as surfing can help coping with mental health issues and help develop self-confidence and self-reliance skills.
Better mood and happiness
Exposure to blue spaces is also linked to increased happiness.
A group of researchers studying the effect of green and blue spaces on happiness used a mobile app to track feelings of people when they were near water landscapes.
The researchers found that people were happier near water bodies.
Consistently with the findings focusing on physical health, the positive effects on mood associated to blue spaces seem to diminish as the distance between the residence and the water increases.
Improved recovery from drug and alcohol addiction
It was shown that pratising a common activity in blue spaces, for example sailing, had a positive effect on people doing drug and alcohol rehabilitation.
Blue spaces quality assessment tools
A group of researches has developed a set of tools, to be able to measure the quality and potential health benefits of these blue spaces.
The BlueHealth Environmental Assessment Tool (BEAT) - enables comparable assessment of environmental aspects and attributes that influence access to, use of and health-promoting activities in blue spaces.
The tool has been developed to be used by communities and urban/landscape designers.
Qualcomm is a wireless communications and SoC  research and development company located in San Diego, California, USA.
The company produces  semiconductors, software, etc.
It is best known for working in 5G, 4G, CDMA2000, and WCDMA standards.
The company was founded in 1985 by Irwin Jacobs, Franklin Antonio and four other co-founders.
In 1999, the base station production was sold to Ericsson.
In 2000, the company acquired SnapTrack, a developer of A-GPS systems for mobile phones under the gpsOne brand.
In 2000, the production of cell phones was sold to the Japanese company Kyocera.
The company focused on the development and licensing of wireless technologies, as well as the production of ASICs that implement these technologies.
A upper class district is the area of a city or town where the most affluent people live.
Real estate in this type of urban area are typically high-cost or highly valued.
In countries with unequal income distribution or developing ones, these can often contrast with the poorest parts of the region where they are located.
Economic inequality
The pater  familias (sometimes written together paterfamilias) was the head of the Ancient Roman household.
Very often it was the oldest man in the familiy.
His family consisted of his wife, his children, his slaves, and other relatives.
His duty was to represent the family to the outside, towards the state, but also towards the gods.
If his sons married, their wives and children were also subject to the pater familias.
He had supreme power, called patria potestas.
This also meant that he was a judge in family matters.
As such, he has the right to decide over life and death of the family members (called ius vitae necisque - the right [to decide] over life and death)
When the Pater famliias died, his children would become free from his power.
His sons would usually rise to the position of pater familas of their famillies.
Only Roman citizens could become pater familias
The Law of the Twelve tables ( or Duodecimo Tabulae) was the legislation that stood at the foundation of Roman law.
Formally promulgated in 449 BC, the Tables were mostly a summary earlier traditions written down as a set of laws.
Displayed in the Forum, "The Twelve Tables" stated the rights and duties of the Roman citizen.
Their formulation was the result of considerable agitation by the plebeian class, who had until then been excluded from the higher benefits of the Republic.
Before that, the law had not been written down.
Higher-class priests, the pontifices, intepreted it.
Cicero (106–43 BC) stated that the "Twelve Tables...seems to me, assuredly to [be better than] the libraries of all the philosophers, both in weight of authority, and in [usefulness]".
Cicero hardly exaggerated; the Twelve Tables formed the basis of Roman law for a thousand years.
The Twelve Tables are rather comprehensive, they have been described as a 'code'.
Modern scholars consider this characterization exaggerated.
The Tables were a sequence of definitions of various private rights and procedures.
They generally took for granted such things as the institutions of the family and various rituals for formal transactions.
Influence and significance
The Twelve Tables are often cited as the foundation for ancient Roman law.
The Twelve Tables provided an early understanding of some key concepts such as justice, equality, and punishment.
Although legal reform occurred soon after the implementation of the Twelve Tables, these ancient laws provided social protection and civil rights for both the patricians and plebeians.
At this time, there was extreme tension between the privileged class and the common people.
This meant that some form of social order was needed.
While the existing laws had major flaws that were in need of reform, the Twelve Tables eased the civil tension and violence between the plebeians and patricians.
The Twelve Tables also heavily influenced and are referenced in later Roman Laws texts, especially The Digest of Justinian I. Such laws from The Digest that are derived from the Twelve Tables are the legal recompense for damage caused by an animal, protocol for inheritances, and also laws about structural property damage.
The influence of the Twelve Tables can still be seen today.
The Twelve Tables play a significant role in the basis of the early American legal system.
Political theorists, such as James Madison have highlighted the importance of the Twelve Tables in crafting the United States Bill of Rights.
The idea of property was also perpetuated in the Twelve Tables, including the different forms of money, land, and slaves.
Another example: the Twelve Tables are tied into the notion of Jus Commune, which translates as "common law", but is commonly referred to as "civil law" in English-speaking countries.
Some countries including South Africa and San Marino still base their current legal system on aspects of jus commune.
In addition, law school students throughout the world are still required to study the Twelve Tables as well as other facets of Roman Law in order to better understand the current legal system in place.
The Twelve Tables no longer exist: although they remained an important source through the Republic, they became obsolete, and were only of historical interest.
The original tablets may have been destroyed when the Gauls under Brennus burned Rome in 387 BC.
Cicero claimed that he learned them by heart as a boy in school, but that no one did so any longer.
What we have of them today are brief excerpts and quotations from these laws in other authors, often in clearly updated language.
They are written in an archaic, laconic Latin (described as Saturnian verse).
As such, though it cannot be determined whether the quoted fragments accurately preserve the original form, what is present gives some insight into the grammar of early Latin.
Some claim that the text was written as such so plebeians could more easily memorize the laws, as literacy was not common during early Rome.
Roman Republican scholars wrote commentaries upon the Twelve Tables, such as L. Aelius Stilo, teacher of both Varro and Cicero.
Like most other early codes of law, they were about the procedure: They specified in detail, how something needed to be done.
They also gave the same detail, about what the punishment was if the procedure wasn't followed.
In most of the surviving quotations from these texts, the original table that held them is not given.
Scholars have guessed at where surviving fragments belong by comparing them with the few known attributions and records, many of which do not include the original lines, but paraphrases.
It cannot be known with any certainty from what survives that the originals ever were organized this way, or even if they ever were organized by subject at all.
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The Beginnings of Rome: Italy and Rome from the Bronze Age to the Punic Wars (c. 1000-264 B.C.).
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Roman Law Codes and the Roman Legal Tradition.”
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Law and Religion in the Roman Republic.
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History and Archaeology of Classical Antiquity, 336.
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Watson, Alan.
The State, Law and Religion: Pagan Rome.
University of Georgia Press.
Westbrook, Raymond.
The Nature and Origins of the Twelve Tables."
Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte.
Romanistische Abteilung, CV, 74-121.
The Truth About Women is a 1957 British comedy movie directed by Muriel Box and starring Laurence Harvey, Julie Harris, Diane Cilento, Mai Zetterling, Eva Gabor, Derek Farr, Michael Denison, Roland Culver, Robert Rietti.
Hemp milk is a type of plant milk.
It is made by soaking hemp seeds in water and then blending it with the water and optional flavours.
It is thought to be more similar to cow milk than other plant milks.
It only lasts a few days compared to other milks.
Amateur astronomy is a hobby where people look at or photograph objects in the sky using their eyes, binoculars, or telescopes.
They can look at the sky at nighttime and at daytime.
Amateurs can join as members of amateur astronomical societies.
These societies advise, educate and guide their members.
They  promote the science of astronomy among the general public.
Lee Grinner Pace (born March 25, 1979) is an American actor.
He was born in Chickasha, Oklahoma and grew up in Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, and United Arab Emirates for his father's oil business.
After returning to the United States, he lived in Texas and now lives in Los Angeles.
Tugboats was a British stop motion television series released on ITV between 1986 and 1993 with a total of 104 episodes.
These episodes were all about 10 minutes long.
Set in Barkington with a fully model stop motion animation tugboats split into three tugboat groups called the Star Sprint, One Stacks, and Tweezie Tacks.
A total of 104 episodes with 4 series released on 2 May 1986 to 29 November 1993 in ITV.
There airdates were 1986, 1989, 1991, and 1993.
Series 1 (1986)
Sizzy's Shiver
Beep Ahoy
Help Help
What Do I Say
Yucky
At 08:29:09 EDT on 14 August 2021, a magnitude 7.2 earthquake hit the Tiburon Peninsula in Haiti on the island of Hispaniola.
It had a -deep hypocenter near Petit-Trou-de-Nippes.
It happened about  west of the capital, Port-au-Prince.
It caused tsunami warnings for the Haitian coast.
Over 300 people died and at least 1,800 people were injured.
It is the deadliest earthquake of 2021.
Prime Minister Ariel Henry declared a state of emergency because of the large number of deaths and the severe damage.
Arrecife (; ; ) is a city and municipality in the Canary Islands (Spain) in the center-east of the island of Lanzarote.
It has been the capital of Lanzarote since 1852.
Gianfranco D'Angelo (19 August 1936 – 15 August 2021) was an Italian actor and comedian.
His best known movie roles were in La liceale and in  La compagna di banco.
As a comedian, he appeared in Drive In.
D'Angelo died on 15 August 2021 in Rome, four days before his 85th birthday.
Francis Anthony Mossman (14 April 1988 – 14 August 2021) was a New Zealand-born Australian actor and model.
He was best known for his roles as Stevie Hughes in The Horizon and Vitus in Spartacus: Vengeance.
His career began in 2007.
Mossman died on 14 August 2021 in Sydney, Australia at the age of 33.
Liam James McIntyre (born 8 February 1982) is an Australian actor.
He is best known for playing the lead role on the Starz television series Spartacus: Vengeance.
He also voices Captain Boomerang in the DC Animated Movie Universe.
Piera Degli Esposti (12 March 1938 – 14 August 2021) was an Italian actress.
She appeared in more than 70 movies and shows from 1966 to 2020.
In 2009, she won the David di Donatello for her role of Mrs. Enea in Il Divo.
Degli Esposti was born in Bologna, Italy.
Degli Esposti died on 14 August 2021 at a hospital in Rome, Italy from respiratory failure, aged 83.
Todd Hillier (March 31, 1964 – August 13, 2021), better known by his on-air name Fez Marie Whatley, was an American comedian and radio producer and personality.
He was known as the co-host of The Ron and Fez Show with Ron Bennington from 1998 to 2015.
Whatley was born in Florida.
Whatley, who was openly gay, was known for playing gay characters on the radio show.
Whatley, who had a history of heart attacks, died on August 13, 2021 of heart failure, aged 57.
Peter Whittle (27 February 1927 – 10 August 2021) was a New Zealand mathematician and statistician.
He was known for working on stochastic nets, optimal control, time series analysis, stochastic optimisation and stochastic dynamics.
From 1967 to 1994, he was the Churchill Professor of Mathematics for operational research at the University of Cambridge.
Whittle died on 10 August 2021, aged 94.
John Thomas Groth (July 23, 1926August 7, 2021) was an American professional baseball outfielder and scout.
He played for the Detroit Tigers, St. Louis Browns, Chicago White Sox, Washington Senators, and Kansas City Athletics.
Groth was born in Chicago, Illinois.