the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
A medical encyclopedia provides information to readers about health questions.
This is discography of Welsh musician John Cale.
Between 1970 and 2013 he released 19 studio albums, six live albums and three EPs.
He is also record producer of many albums by various artists.
Church of Anthrax (1971) with Terry Riley
Caribbean Sunset (1984)
Songs for Drella (1990) with Lou Reed
Wrong Way Up (1990) with Brian Eno
Last Day on Earth (1994) with Bob Neuwirth
Sabotage/Live (1979)
John Cale Comes Alive (1984)
Even Cowgirls Get the Blues (1987)
Fragments of a Rainy Season (1992)
Circus Live (2007)
Live at Rockpalast (2010)
Animal Justice (1977)
5 Tracks (2003)
Extra Playful (2011)
Guts (1977)
Seducing Down the Door (1994)
The Island Years (1996)
Close Watch: An Introduction to John Cale (1999)
Gold (2007)
Contributions (various instruments) and production
Chelsea Girl (1967) by Nico
Yo-Yo (1968) by Larry and Tommy
Two Suns Worth (1968) by Morning Glory
The Marble Index (1969) by Nico
The Stooges (1969) by The Stooges
Great American Eagle Tragedy (1969) by Earth Opera
Desertshore (1970) by Nico
Bryter Layter (1970) by Nick Drake
Glass Harp (1970) by Glass Harp
Chelsea (1970) by Chelsea
Smiling Men with Bad Reputationsa (1971) by Mike Heron
Tax Free (1971) by Tax Free
Jennifer (1972) by Jennifer Warnes
Chunky, Novi and Ernie (1973) by Chunky, Novi and Ernie
The End... (1974) by Nico
Horses (1975) by Patti Smith
Another Green World (1975) by Brian Eno
Is Having a Wonderful Time (1975) by Geoff Muldaur
The Modern Lovers (1976) by The Modern Lovers
Dancer with Bruised Knees (1977) by Kate & Anna McGarrigle
I Need Nothing/Electrocutioner (1977) by Menace
I Don't Wanna (1977) by Sham 69
Packet of Three (1977) by Squeeze
Squeeze (1978) by Squeeze
Disco Clone (1978) by Cristina
Attitudes/Re-Bop (1978) by Marie et les Garçons
Music for Films (1978) by Brian Eno
Julie Covington (1978) by Julie Covington
Some Things Never Change (1978) by David Kubinec
Busted Chevrolet (1978) by Harry Toledo & The Rockets
You're Never Alone with a Schizophrenic (1979) by Ian Hunter
Shift the Blame (1979) by Model Citizens
You Can Borrow My Car / Runaway Child (1979) by Necessaries
Shopping for Clothes (1980) by Snatch
Une nouvelle vie (1980) by Modern Guy
So Afraid of the Russians/Unknown Soldier (1983) by Made for TV
Camera Obscura (1985) by Nico
Popmodel (1986) by Lio
Try to Be Mensch (1987) by Element of Crime
Squirrel and G-Man Twenty Four Hour Party People Plastic Face Carnt Smile (White Out) (1987) by Happy Mondays
Crawl with Me (1988) by Art Bergmann
Lullabies for lager louts (1989) by Big Vern
All Shook Down (1990) by The Replacements
Heart and Mind (1990) by Sister Double Happiness
I Spent a Week There the Other Night (1991) by Maureen Tucker
Louise Féron (1991) by Louise Féron
Sabor Salado (1992) by Los Ronaldos
Sahara Blue (1992) by Hector Zazou
Phoenix (1994) by Vince Bell
The Rapture (1994) by Siouxsie and the Banshees
Chansons des mers froides (1995) by Hector Zazou
Nostalgia (1996) by Ivan Kral
Rooms (1996) by Goya Dress
In Paradisu (1996) by Les Nouvelles Polyphonies Corses
The First Second (1996) by Maids of Gravity
Fantastic Star (1996) by Marc Almond
Gone Again (1996) by Patti Smith
Feel Alright (1997) by Garageland
The Jesus Lizard (1998) by The Jesus Lizard
I Douar (1998) by Alan Stivell
Desert Station Frequency (1999) by Ventilator
Undrentide (2000) by Mediæval Bæbes
Rings Around the World (2001) by Super Furry Animals
Hitting the Ground (2002) by Gordon Gano
Positions (2002) by Trash Palace
The Boxing Mirror (2006) by Alejandro Escovedo
Replica Sun Machine (2008) by The Shortwave Set
Postcards from a Young Man (2010) by Manic Street Preachers
Painting With (2016) by Animal Collective
Cale, John
A multi-instrumentalist is a musician who plays two or more musical instruments.
Many professional musicians aim to become multi-instrumentalists.
In an orchestra, a number of musicians might each play a variety of different instruments during a single performance.
Orchestras will also often, but not always, ask for several members of the woodwind section to be multi-instrumentalists.
This is sometimes referred to as doubling.
Typically, for example, one flute player in the orchestra will switch to playing the piccolo or alto flute when called to by the score.
If an orchestra is playing a piece that needs "two flutes and a third flute doubling piccolo", it means that the third flautist also has a piccolo.
Sometimes he or she will need to put the flute down and play the piccolo, then perhaps swap round again.
An oboist may sometimes double on the cor anglais, a clarinettist may sometimes double on a bass clarinet, and a bassoonist may double on a contrabassoon.
At other times such instruments may need a separate player.
At the beginning of a musical score there should be a list of instruments that makes it clear how many players are needed.
Fear is the fourth studio album by Welsh multi-instrumentalist John Cale.
It was released in October 1974.
It was his first full-length album on Island Records label.
"Fear is a Man's Best Friend"  (3:53)
"Buffalo Ballet"  (3:29)
"Barracuda"  (3:48)
"Emily"  (4:23)
"Ship of Fools" (4:38)
"Gun"  (8:05)
"The Man Who Couldn't Afford to Orgy"  (4:35)
"You Know More Than I Know"  (3:35)
"Momamma Scuba"  (4:24)
John Cale − vocals, guitar, bass guitar, keyboards, viola
Phil Manzanera − guitar
Fred Smith − drums
Brian Eno − synthesizer
Archie Leggatt − bass guitar
Michael Desmarais  − drums
Richard Thompson − guitar
Bryn Haworth − guitar
Brian Turrington − bass guitar
Irene Chanter − background vocals
Doreen Chanter − background vocals
Liza Strike − background vocals
Judy Nylon − background vocals
Artificial Intelligence is the tenth studio album by Welsh multi-instrumentalist John Cale.
It was released in September 1985.
It was his only full-length album on Beggars Banquet Records label.
"Everytime the Dogs Bark" – 4:17
"Dying on the Vine" – 5:18
"The Sleeper" – 5:53
"Vigilante Lover" – 4:27
"Chinese Takeaway (Hong Kong 1997)" – 3:44
"Song of the Valley" – 5:06
"Fadeaway Tomorrow" – 3:25
"Black Rose" – 4:58
"Satellite Walk" – 4:58
John Cale − vocals, keyboards, guitar, bass guitar, viola
Graham Dowdall − percusions
Gill O'Donovan − background vocals
Susie O'List − background vocals
James Young − keyboards
The Academy in Peril is the second studio album by Welsh multi-instrumentalist John Cale.
It was released in July 1972.
It was his first full-length album on Reprise Records label.
"The Philosopher"
"Brahms"
"Legs Larry at Television Centre"
"The Academy in Peril"
"Intro / Days of Steam"
"3 Orchestral Pieces: Faust/The Balance/Captain Morgan's Lament"
"King Harry"
"John Milton"
John Cale − guitar, keyboards, viola, bass guitar
Adam Miller − vocals
Del Newman − drums
Ronnie Wood − slide guitar
Legs Larry Smith − narration on "Legs Larry at Television Centre"
Songs for Drella is studio album by American guitarist Lou Reed and Welsh multi-instrumentalist John Cale.
It was released in April 1990 on Sire Records label.
"Smalltown" – 2:04
"Open House" – 4:18
"Style It Takes" – 2:54 †
"Work" – 2:38
"Trouble with Classicists" – 3:42 †
"Starlight" – 3:28
"Faces and Names" – 4:12 †
"Images" – 3:31
"Slip Away (A Warning)" – 3:05
"It Wasn't Me" – 3:30
"I Believe" – 3:18
"Nobody But You" – 3:46
"A Dream" – 6:33 †
"Forever Changed" – 4:52 †
"Hello It's Me" – 3:13
Lou Reed – vocals (1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15), guitar
John Cale – vocals (3, 5, 7, 13, 14), keyboards, viola
Lou Reed albums
Lou Reed is the first studio album by American guitarist Lou Reed.
It was released in April 1972 on RCA Records label.
It was produced by Richard Robinson.
"I Can't Stand It" - 2:37
"Going Down" - 2:57
"Walk and Talk It" - 3:40
"Lisa Says" - 5:34
"Berlin" - 5:16
"I Love You" - 2:21
"Wild Child" - 4:41
"Love Makes You Feel" - 3:13
"Ride into the Sun" - 3:16
"Ocean" - 5:06
Lou Reed - guitar, keyboards, vocals
Clem Cattini - percusions
Helene Francois - background vocals
Kay Garner - background vocals
Steve Howe - guitar
Les Hurdle - bass guitar
Paul Keogh - guitar
Brian Odgers - bass guitar
Caleb Quaye - guitar, piano
Rick Wakeman - piano, keyboards
Transformer is the second studio album by American guitarist Lou Reed.
It was released in November 1972 on RCA Records label.
It was produced by David Bowie and Mick Ronson.
"Vicious" – 2:55
"Andy's Chest" – 3:17
"Perfect Day" – 3:43
"Hangin' 'Round" – 3:39
"Walk on the Wild Side" – 4:12
"Make Up" – 2:58
"Satellite of Love" – 3:40
"Wagon Wheel" – 3:19
"New York Telephone Conversation" – 1:31
"I'm So Free" – 3:07
"Goodnight Ladies" – 4:19
Lou Reed – guitar, keyboards, vocals
Herbie Flowers – bass guitar, double bass, tuba
Mick Ronson – guitar, piano, flute, background vocals
John Halsey – drums
Ronnie Ross – baritone saxophone
David Bowie – background vocals
The Thunder Thighs – background vocals
Barry DeSouza – drums
Ritchie Dharma – drums
Klaus Voormann – bass guitar
Sabotage/Live was recorded live at CBGB's, in New York City on 16 June 1979.
It is the first live album by Welsh multi-instrumentalist John Cale.
released in December 1979 on SPY Records label.
"Mercenaries (Ready for War)"
"Baby You Know"
"Evidence"
"Dr. Mudd"
"Walkin' the Dog"
"Captain Hook"
"Only Time Will Tell"
"Chorale"
John Cale - vocals, guitar, keyboards, bass guitar, viola
Mark Aaron - guitar
Joe Bidewell - keyboards, vocals
Doug Bowne - drums, vocals
Deerfrance - percusions, vocals
George Scott - bass guitar, vocals
The Jardin des Plantes is the main botanical garden in France.
It is one of seven departments of the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle.
It is on the left bank of the river Seine and covers 28 hectares (280,000 m²).
There is a school there that trains people to be botanists respecting biodiversity.
There is a zoo in the Jardin that was started during the French Revolution from the animals at Versailles.
The garden was started in 1626.
It was used in 1640 to grow medicinal herbs for the king.
Among directors, Comte de Buffon expanded it greatly.
Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck, Chair of Botany, changed its name from Jardin du Roi to Jardin des Plantes during the French Revolution.
It helped not to have the name linked to the king.
A class ring is a ring worn by students in the United States and Canada to celebrate their graduation.
They are most often given out in high schools, colleges, and universities.
The first class rings were made in 1835 at the United States Military Academy in West Point, New York.
The Joint Intelligence Committee (JIC) is part of the British Cabinet Office.
It supervises the intelligence organisations of the United Kingdom on behalf of the Cabinet.
More generally, it gives advice to the Cabinet on security, defence and foreign affairs.
The Committee is chaired by a permanent chairman, a member of the senior Civil Service, who is supported by the Intelligence and Security Secretariat and an assessment staff.
The assessment staff is made up of experienced senior analysts drawn from across government and the military and conducts all-source analysis on subjects of interest to the committee.
JIC papers written by the staff draw input from across the intelligence and security agencies and other related bodies.
Advising the Prime Minister and Cabinet Ministers on intelligence collection and analysis priorities.
Directing the collection and analysis effort of the Secret Intelligence Service, Government Communications Headquarters, the Security Service and the Ministry of Defence based on those recommendations.
The direction to the Ministry of Defence is implemented by Defence Intelligence.
Assuring the professional standards of civilian intelligence analysis staff across all the  intelligence-related activities in Her Majesty's Government.
Requirements and priorities
The JIC drafts the annual Requirements and Priorities for collection and analysis, for approval by Ministers.
These support the strategic national security objectives of the UK:
Protect UK and British territories, and British nationals and property, from a range of threats, including from terrorism and espionage;
Protect and promote Britain's defence and foreign policy interests;
Protect and promote the UK's economic well-being; and
Support the prevention and detection of serious crime.
The JIC was founded in 1936 as a sub-committee of the Committee of Imperial Defence.
This was the advisory defence planning agencyat the time.
During World War II, it became the senior intelligence assessment body in the UK.
In 1957 the JIC moved to the Cabinet Office.
Its assessments staff prepare draft intelligence assessments for the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.
Foreign involvement
Ever since World War II, the chief of the London station of the United States Central Intelligence Agency has attended the JIC's weekly meetings.
One former US intelligence officer has described this as the "highlight of the job" for the London CIA chief.
Resident intelligence chiefs from Australia, Canada, and New Zealand may attend when certain issues are discussed.
UK Intelligence Community
Sir Edward Peck – Daily Telegraph obituary
Tony Dungy (born 1955, Jackson, Michigan) is a former American football coach.
He won the Super Bowl in 2006 with the Indianapolis Colts.
He now talks about football on NBC.
He is an African-American.
People from Jackson, Michigan
Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum (commonly called Oakland Coliseum) is a stadium in Oakland, California.
The stadium is a multi purpose stadium.
This means it can be used to play different sports.
The stadium was used as the home field for the Oakland Raiders  of the National Football League before they moved to Las Vegas.
The stadium is still being used by the Oakland Athletics of Major League Baseball.
The stadium first opened in 1966.
It can seat more than 55,000 people for football games.
It seats 35,000 when it is used for baseball.
Stadium site on oaklandathletics.com
Stadiums in the San Francisco Bay Area
George Armitrage Miller (February 3, 1920 – July 22, 2012) was one of the founders of cognitive psychology in the 20th century.
He studied thinking, language, and memory.
Miller found out that if you ask people to remember a list of words or numbers, most people can remember only between five and nine words or numbers.
His paper The magical number seven, plus or minus two explained this as a limitation in human short-term memory.
Once a behaviorist, Miller moved to cognitive psychology.
In 1991, Miller was awarded the National Medal of Science.
Miller revolutionized the world of psychology by showing that aspects of the human mind could be observed and tested in a laboratory setting.
Miller was born in Charleston, West Virginia.
In 1940 he received his bachelor's degree from the University of Alabama, where he majored in English and speech.
In 1946, Miller received his Ph.D. in Psychology from Harvard University.
During his life, he taught as a professor at Princeton, Harvard, and Rockefeller University.
He died in Plainsboro, New Jersey at the age of 92.
The first concept introduced by Miller is known as chunking.
Chunking is a way developed to help people remember a certain number of words or numbers.
It is known to help with both short-term memory and long-term memory.
When he asked subjects to perform memory tasks in various experiments, he noticed that most subjects recalled about seven units from a list regardless of the list topic.
Miller said that the short-term memory could only hold 5-9 chunks of information (plus or minus two) and is also a way to increase the capacity of short-term memory.
A chunk can refer to digits, words, faces, or any type of meaningful unit.
Chunking is when a person groups multiple words together to help with memory tasks.
This technique can help people with recalling specific groups of words.
Remembering is much easier when the chunking technique is used.
An example of chunking would be trying to remember a long sequence of digits.
For example, 2 4 5 6 1 4 2 7 0 could be remembered by chunking those numbers into smaller meaningful units such as 245 614 270.
The magical number seven
"The magical number seven, plus or minus two: some limits on our capacity for processing information" was a paper published originally in The Psychology Review.
This paper remains Miller's most famous and cited piece of work in the history of psychology.
It outlines the number of items, numbers, or objects an average human memory can hold.
Miller states in his paper, "This number assumes a variety of disguises, being sometimes a little larger and sometimes a little smaller than usual, but never changing so much as to be unrecognizable" (Miller 1956).
He did a series of memory tasks that led him to believe that 7 was the number.
The paper goes into depth stating how the memory span is a complicated source and how it can hold a lot of information.
Wordnet
Miller began working on Wordnet in the mid 1980s.
It is a large database of English nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs that are grouped into sets of cognitive synonyms which represent a specific concept or idea.
It resembles a thesaurus since it groups words together based on their meanings.
Miller wanted to use Wordnet as a tool to test psycholinguistic theories on how people use and understand words.
Miller G.A. 1956.
The magical number seven, plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information.
Psychological Review 63 (2): 81–97
Miller G.A; Galanter E. & Pribram K.H. 1960.
Plans and the structure of behavior.
Adams Bannister Cox.
Distinguished Scientific Contribution award from the American Psychological Association, 1963
Distinguished Service award from the American Speech and Hearing Association, 1976
Award in Behavioral Sciences from the New York Academy of Sciences, 1982
Gold Medal from the American Psychological Foundation, 1990
National Medal of Science from the White House, 1991
Louis E. Levy Medal from the Franklin Institute, 1991
International Prize from the Fyssen Foundation, 1992
John P. McGovern award from the American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2000
Outstanding Lifetime Contribution to Psychology award from the American Psychological Association, 2003
Antonio Zampolli Prize from the European Languages Research Association, 2006
Astrophytum at Cacti Encyclopedia
Astrophytum at Cactus Art
GRU  is in the military intelligence service of the Russian Federation, (formerly the Red Army of the Soviet Union).
The GRU is Russia's largest foreign intelligence agency.
In 1997 it had six times as many agents in foreign countries as the SVR (The SVR is the successor to the KGB's foreign operations directorate).
The GRU commanded 25,000 Spetsnaz ('special') troops in 1997.
The GRU's first predecessor in post-tsarist Russia was created on October 21, 1918 under the sponsorship of Leon Trotsky, who was then the civilian overseer of the Red Army.
It was originally known as the Registration Directorate (Registrupravlenie, or RU).
In his history of the early years of the GRU, Raymond W. Leonard writes:"As originally established, the Registration Department was not directly subordinate to the General Staff [of] the Red Army... In 1921... it was elevated in status to become the Second (Intelligence) Directorate of the Red Army Staff.
It was given the task of handling all military intelligence, particularly the collection of intelligence of military or political significance from sources outside the Soviet Union.
The GRU operated residencies all over the world.
They ran with the SIGINT (signals intelligence) in Cuba, and throughout the former Soviet bloc countries, especially in Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia.
The GRU was well known in the Soviet government for its fierce independence from the rival "internal intelligence organizations", such as NKVD and KGB.
At the time of the GRU's creation, Lenin infuriated the Cheka (predecessor of the KGB) by ordering it not to interfere with the GRU's operations.
Nonetheless, the Cheka infiltrated the GRU in 1919.
This planted the seed for a fierce rivalry between the two agencies, which were both engaged in espionage.
The rivalry was even more intense than that between the FBI and CIA.
The existence of the GRU was not publicized during the Soviet era.
Documents about it became available in the West in the late 1920s, and it was mentioned in the 1931 memoirs of the first OGPU defector, Georges Agabekov.
Walter Krivitsky, the most senior Red Army intelligence officer ever to defect, described it in detail in his 1939 autobiography (I was Stalin's agent).
It became widely known in Russia, and the West  during perestroika. "
Viktor Suvorov" (Vladimir Rezun), a GRU agent who defected to Great Britain in 1978, wrote about his experiences in the Soviet military and intelligence services.
According to Suvorov, even the General Secretary of the CPSU could not enter GRU headquarters without going through a security screening.
The GRU is still a very important part of the Russian Federation's intelligence services, especially since it was never split up like the KGB.
The KGB was dissolved after aiding a failed coup in 1991 against the then Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev.
It has since been divided into the Foreign Intelligence Service (SVR) and the Federal Security Service (FSB).
The GRU was officially dissolved on 7 May 1992.
It continues as the Main Intelligence Directorate of the Russian Armed Forces.
A balaclava (or ski mask) is a type of clothing worn over the head.
It has holes for eyes, the mouth and the nose.
They are normally worn to protect from cold weather, and is often worn by skiers.
The name "balaclava" comes from the town of Balaklava, near Sevastopol in Crimea, Russian Federation.
John Cale Comes Alive is the second live album by multi-instrumentalist John Cale.
It was recorded in January 1984 and released in September of the same year on ZE Records label.
"Ooh La La"
"Leaving It Up To You"
"Fear Is a Man's Best Friend"
"Never Give Up On You"
John Cale − vocals, keyboards, guitar
Andy Heermans − bass guitar
Comes Alive
Taking Tiger Mountain (By Strategy) is the second studio album by multi-instrumentalist Brian Eno.
It was released in November 1974 on Island Records label.
It was produced by Eno.
"Burning Airlines Give You So Much More" – 3:18
"Back in Judy's Jungle" – 5:16
"The Fat Lady of Limbourg" – 5:03
"Mother Whale Eyeless" – 5:45
"The Great Pretender" – 5:11
"Third Uncle" – 4:48
"Put a Straw Under Baby" – 3:25
"The True Wheel" – 5:11
"China My China" – 4:44
"Taking Tiger Mountain" – 5:32
Brian Eno – vocals, electronics, snake guitar, keyboards
Phil Manzanera – guitars
Brian Turrington – bass guitar
Freddie Smith – drums
Robert Wyatt – percussion, backing vocals
Portsmouth Sinfonia – strings
Randi and the Pyramids – chorus
The Simplistics – chorus
Andy Mackay – brass
Phil Collins – drums
Polly Eltes – vocals
Peter Schmidt – Oblique Strategies
Wrong Way Up is a studio album by multi-instrumentalists Brian Eno and John Cale.
It was recorded between April and July 1990.
It was released in October 1990.
"Lay My Love" - 4:44
"One Word" - 4:34
"In the Backroom" - 4:02
"Empty Frame" - 4:26
"Cordoba" - 4:22
"Spinning Away" - 5:27
"Footsteps" - 3:13
"Been There, Done That" - 2:52
"Crime in the Desert" - 3:42
"The River" (Brian Eno) - 4:23
John Cale − vocals, piano, keyboards, bass, harp, horn, dumbek, viola, strings, omnichord
Brian Eno − vocals, keyboards, rhythm bed, Indian drum, guitar, Shinto bell, bass, little Nigerian organ
Robert Ahwai − guitar
Rhett Davies − backing vocals
Daryl Johnson − bass
Ronald Jones − tabla, drums
Bruce Lampcov − backing vocals
Dave Young − guitar, bass
Protective equipment  helps sport people not get hurt.
They use it in skiing, inline skating, skateboarding, snowboarding, and other sports.
Types of protective equipment for these sports include wrist guards.
Inline skating protective equipment includes a helmet, knee pads, elbow pads, and wrist guards.
Skiing protective equipment includes helmets, and release bindings.
Snowboarding protective equipment includes wrist guards.
Mobility aids (or orthopedic aids) are devices that are designed to help people walk or move better.
Mobility problems may be unsteadiness while walking, difficulty getting in and out of a chair, or falls.
There are common conditions in older people that can contribute to mobility problems, such as muscle weakness, joint problems, pain, disease, and neurological difficulties.
These devices provide several benefits to users, including more independence, reduced pain, and increased confidence and self-esteem.
A range of mobility devices is available to meet people’s needs – from canes and crutches to wheelchairs and stair lifts.
Mobility aids started to develop much more around the 15th century.
The oldest known use of a walking frame in England is depicted on a piece of clothing from the 14th century.
It depicts either the young Virgin Mary, or Jesus, learning to walk using a three-wheeled frame.
In the 15th century, Queen Elizabeth of Spain set up a hospital where soldiers were provided with prosthetic and therapeutic devices.
But it was only in about the 18th century that wheelchairs were invented that look like the ones we use today.
In the 19th century, wheelchairs were made mostly out of wood and wicker.
They became popular in the USA, especially among veterans of the Civil War.
There are two types of orthopedic aids.
One type means people can move part of the body less.
The other type means people put less weight on their feet.
Splints, knee braces, shoe adjustments, position aids and abduction casts are orthopedic aids.
A ski lift is a machine which can take people up and down a hill or mountain.
There are different kinds of ski lifts.
Some are like chairs.
Some are like tram cars.
Ski instructors are people who teach other people how to ski.
Ski instructors need a license to teach skiing.
The Kellogg–Briand Pact (also called the General Treaty for the Renunciation of War or the World Peace Act) was an agreement on peace signed on August 27, 1928, by several countries.
Some of these countries were the United States, France, the United Kingdom, Italy, Japan, and Germany.
It was named after its authors, Frank B. Kellogg and Aristide Briand.
The pact said that war was wrong and should be banned, but said nothing about what to do with a country that went to war anyway.
The pact was the result of a determined American effort to avoid involvement in the European alliance system.
The Kellogg-Briand Pact was registered with the League of Nations on Tuesday 4 September , 1928.
A guide skier is a person who helps skiers who cannot see by telling them where to go.
They communicate by using a radio or talking to them.
The guide skier can see.
Skiers can use more than one guide during a race type.
The guide can only win a medal if they raced with the same skier for the whole race type.
Like the skier, the guide has to have an IPCAS Licence in order to compete in races.
Ski goggle lenses are made from soft plastic.
Ski goggles sometimes fog and it is not easy to see through the lens.
A ski suit is a piece of clothing.
It has one piece.
It does not have one shirt and one pair of pants.
The ski suit protects the skier when they are racing.
The types of races at Whistler included downhill, Super-Combined, Super-G, slalom and giant slalom.
The 2002 Winter Paralympics was the eighth Winter Paralympics.
They were held in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States, from 7 to 16 March 2002.
A total of 416 athletes from 36 nations participated in the Games.
Men's standing and  being seated Super-G was on day 3.
Men's unable to see and women's Super-G was on day 5.
Men's standing and  being seated Giant Slalom was on day 7.
Winter Paralympic 2006
The 2010 Winter Paralympics were the 10th Winter Paralympics.
They were held in Vancouver and Whistler, British Columbia, Canada from 12 to 21 March 2010.
The Opening Ceremony was held in BC Place Stadium in Vancouver.
The Closing Ceremony was in Whistler.
Winter Paralympic 2010
The 2006 Winter Paralympic Games was the ninth Winter Paralympics.
It was held in Turin, Italy from 10 to 19 March 2006.
It made 14 classes into three groups and used factored results for each of three groups.
At the 2006 Games, in the Super-G, there were 55 male competitors compared to 18 women in the standing group.
Paraplegia is paralysis of the legs and lower half of the body.
It happens when the spinal cord is damaged.
Sometimes, they are kept alive by a life-support machine.
It sometimes happens to people because they get a disease.
The organization started in Norway in 1910.
It was first named the International Ski Commission.
It changed its name to the Fédération Internationale de Ski in February 1924.
When it changed its name, it became the world organization for skiing.
Ski disciplines
Note: The discipline of Biathlon, which combines cross-country skiing and rifle shooting, has its own organisation, the International Biathlon Union (IBU).
Main Events
Main Article : FIS World Cup (disambiguation)
Main Article : FIS World Championships
Nordic Ski consist of cross-country skiing, ski jumping and nordic combined.
http://www.fis-ski.com/inside-fis/about/fis-history/snowsports/index.html
https://allsportdb.com/Competitions/FIS-Freestyle-Junior-World-Ski-Championships-575
https://data.fis-ski.com/dynamic/event-details.html?event_id=41014&cal_suchsector=GS
https://data.fis-ski.com/dynamic/event-details.html?event_id=33189
https://data.fis-ski.com/dynamic/event-details.html?event_id=41012
https://data.fis-ski.com/dynamic/event-details.html?event_id=41244
https://data.fis-ski.com/grass-skiing/results.html
https://data.fis-ski.com/grass-skiing/cup-standings.html
FIS Freestyle Junior World Ski Championships was not held in 2004,2005,2008 and 2009.
FIS World Criterium Masters Alpine Skiing for veterans : age from 55 to 90 in 7 age group for men and women (14 category).
https://data.fis-ski.com/global-links/statistics/event-overview.html?catcode=FMC&sectorcode=MA
https://data.fis-ski.com/global-links/statistics/event-overview.html?catcode=WC&sectorcode=MA
https://data.fis-ski.com/global-links/statistics/event-overview.html?catcode=WJC&sectorcode=SB&Submit=SEARCH
https://data.fis-ski.com/global-links/statistics/event-overview.html?catcode=WJC&sectorcode=FS&Submit=SEARCH
https://www.skiinghistory.org/history/evolution-ski-shape
https://data.fis-ski.com/dynamic/event-details.html?event_id=40994
https://data.fis-ski.com/dynamic/event-details.html?event_id=33782&cal_suchsector=AL
https://data.fis-ski.com/dynamic/event-details.html?event_id=22015
http://www.skiroll.it/WorldCup/WorldCup.htm
http://www.skiroll.it/WorldCup/archive/WorldCupRollerski.htm
http://deacademic.com/dic.nsf/dewiki/1196263
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roller_skiing
https://data.fis-ski.com/global-links/statistics/overview-top-ranked-in-all-competitions.html?&category=ROLWSC&sector=CC&place=Solleftea&gender=ALL
https://data.fis-ski.com/global-links/statistics/event-overview.html?catcode=ROLWSC&sectorcode=CC&Submit=SEARCH
https://data.fis-ski.com/global-links/statistics/event-overview.html?catcode=ROLWJC&sectorcode=CC&Submit=SEARCH
https://data.fis-ski.com/global-links/statistics/event-overview.html?catcode=WJC&sectorcode=CC
FIS Roller Skiing Junior World Championships 2000 was not official. (
Not official world Championships)
https://data.fis-ski.com/global-links/statistics/event-overview.html?catcode=WSC&sectorcode=GS&Submit=SEARCH
https://data.fis-ski.com/global-links/statistics/event-overview.html?catcode=WJC&sectorcode=GS&Submit=SEARCH
Punial was a princely state of the British Raj.
The British called it a "Special Political District" of the Gilgit Agency.
It was located in the northwest part of the former Northern Areas.
It existed until 1974.
This area and other neighbouring states were never ruled directly by Kashmir and Jammu.
Athelred or Æthelred (–) was King of Wessex from 865 to 871.
He succeeded his brother Ethelbert at the time of the invasion of England by the "Great Heathen Army".
He was the first of the four sons of Athelwulf not to rule as "under-king" before he became king of Wessex.
Athelred was the fourth son of King Athelwulf and his wife Osburga.
While his father was in Rome and France, 855-856, his oldest brother Athelstan had died.
Prior to his death two years later Athelwulf left a will.
in that will the two eldest sons, Ethelbald and Ethelbert should have the kingdom.
When Ethelbald died in 860, Ethelbert became the king of Wessex.
But their father's will had made no provision for Athelred and Alfred, the two youngest sons, to be kings.
Possibly for that reason Ethelbert did not appoint his brother Athelred King of Kent.
He consolidated everything into the single kingdom of Wessex.
In 865 Vikings raided into Kent and the men of Kent agreed to pay them ransom.
But the Vikings ravaged the eastern part of Kent despite the pending treaty.
Athelred had not expected to reign, but when his brother Ethelbert died in 866, Athelred became the king of Wessex.
This was just after the arrival of the Great Heathen Army in East Anglia.
It was at this time his younger brother Alfred was given the title of Secundarius (Latin for secondary).
This meant he was appointed as heir to the throne.
In 868 Burgred, the King of Mercia, asked King Ethelred and Alfred for their help against the Danes (Vikings).
When the Danes saw the combined English army against them they asked for peace.
The Vikings withdrew to York where they managed a completely defeat.
The next year, 871, the great Viking army grew much larger.
They moved on Reading.
Ethelred with his brother Alfred arrived with their army to meet the new threat.
In the battle that followed, the Battle of Reading, both sides suffered many casualties.
Athelred's army was defeated.
Four days later the two armies met again at the Battle of Ashdown.
This time the West Saxons won the victory and the Vikings retreated to Reading.
Two weeks later Athelred and Alfred led the West Saxons against the Danes at Basing where the Danes won.
Two months passed without any fighting between them.
The next battle was at a place called Merantun.
After a day long battle which the English were winning, the Danes were able to regain their lost ground.
Just after mid-April in 871,
Athelred died.
He was buried at Wimborne Minster.
He was succeeded by his younger brother Alfred.
His wife's name is not known (see note a below).
He had two sons:
Aethelheim
Aethelwald (died 904)
845 births
871 deaths
Bernard of Clairvaux (1090-1153) was a French theologian.
He is a Roman Catholic saint.
He was an Abbot in the Cistercian order.
He was also the patron of the Knights Templar.
Bernard's entry at Catholic Encyclopedia
1090 births
Aesculus indica (or the Indian or Himalayan Horse Chestnut) is a tree.
It grows to about  with a spread of about .
It best grows in -15°C (5°F), USDA zones 7-9.
It is in flower from June to July.
The seeds ripen in October.
The flowers are hermaphroditic.
There are many white blossoms during May and June.
The plant is pollinated by bees.
Its leaves are 10–20 cm long by 2–6 cm wide.
The mature tree forms a round canopy.
A mini-bar is a small refrigerator in a hotel room with drinks in it.
They are usually found in expensive and sometimes mid-range hotel rooms and may have things like soft drinks, wine and beer.
The hotel usually charges to use it, and prices are usually very high.
Rhododendron ponticum, called common rhododendron or pontic rhododendron, is a species of rhododendron.
It is native to southern Europe and Asia.
It is the state flower of Kashmir.
It has become an Invasive species in North America.
It is a dense,suckering, shrub or small Tree that usually grows to 5 meters tall,or rarely 8 meters.
Otto Sander (30 June 1941 – 12 September 2013) was a German actor.
He was known for his roles in Wings of Desire, Das Boot, and in Faraway, So Close!.
He was also known for his deep strong voice.
Sander was born on 30 June 1941 in Hanover, Germany.
He was raised in Kassel, Germany.
Sander graduated from Friedrichgymnasium in 1961.
He was married to Monika Hansen until his death in 2013.
Sander died on 12 September 2013 in Berlin, Germany from cancer, aged 72.
274301 Wikipedia is an asteroid in the asteroid belt.
It was discovered by Andrushivka Astronomical Observatory in 2008.
It was named "Wikipedia" in January 2013.
Maladolescenza is a 1977 romance-drama movie.
It is about three children: Sylvia, Laura and Fabrizio.
Fabrizio is a sinister and cruel boy.
He kills one of the teenage girls so she will never leave him.
This movie was very controversial in several countries.
It was refused classification or banned in several areas, particularly Germany.
Modern reviews have called the movie a strong artistic work, although some disapprove of the material inside this movie.
Crystallinity is a physical property of a solid that acts like a crystal.
The degree of crystallinity of a crystal has a big influence on hardness, density, transparency and diffusion.
Mint is a flavor frequently used in candy, chewing gum and ice cream.
Famous brands of mints include Polos (made by Rowntrees, then Nestlé), Altoids, Cadburys After Dinner Mints, Fisherman's Friends, Trebor extra strong mints, Menthos and Wrigleys spearmint gum.
The Trebor story
Fisherman's Friends
The Legend of Zelda: Hyrule Historia is a book about The Legend of Zelda video game series.
It shows the timeline of the fictional events in the series as written by Nintendo.
It also has artwork of games in the series, a short manga, and a foreword (a short piece of writing found at the beginning of a book) and afterword (a short piece of writing found at the end of a book) written by people who created the series.
It was first released in Japan on December 21, 2011.
It was released for the series' 25th anniversary and the release of The Legend of Zelda: Skyward Sword.
It was later released in English on January 29, 2013.
The book topped Amazon.com's list of best-selling books.
It also topped The New York Times Best Seller list in the "Hardcover Advice & Misc."
Official web page for the English version
The Virgin Islands are part of the Leeward Islands, which are the northern part of the Lesser Antilles.
They are between the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean.
The eastern islands are the British Virgin Islands.
The British Virgin Islands is an overseas territory of the United Kingdom.
It includes Tortola, Virgin Gorda, Jost Van Dyke and Anegada.
The western Virgin Islands are the United States Virgin Islands.
It includes St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas and Water Island.
The Virgin Passage separates the U.S. Virgin Islands from the Spanish Virgin Islands of Vieques and Culebra, which are part of Puerto Rico.
The United States dollar is the official currency on both the British and U.S. Virgin Islands as well as the Spanish/Puerto Rican Virgin Islands.
Raab is a market town in Upper Austria.
The area of Raab is .
Ray Milton Dolby OBEh (January 18, 1933 – September 12, 2013) was an American engineer and inventor of the noise reduction system known as Dolby NR.
He was also a co-inventor of video tape recording while at Ampex.
He was the founder of Dolby Laboratories.
He was also a billionaire and a member of the Forbes 400 with an estimated net worth of $2.9 billion in 2008 although as of September 2012 it was estimated to have declined to $2.4 billion.
Dolby was born on January 18, 1933 in Portland, Oregon.
He studied at San Jose State University, at Stanford University, and at Cambridge University.
Dolby was married to Dagmar Dolby from 1966 until his death in 2013.
Ray Dolby bio
Dolby, R. (2002-05-11).
Some Musings on Progress in Audio.
Heyser lecture at Audio Engineering Society.
Retrieved on 2007-03-26 from http://aes.org/technical/112Heyser.cfm .
2004 Interview With Dolby
Group photo of the Ampex VTR team including Ray Dolby
Délfor Amaranth Dicásolo, better known as Délfor (April 25, 1920 – September 13, 2013) was an Argentine actor, comedian, screenwriter, and artist.
He was known for his radio work and comedic routines.
His career has lasted for 57 years.
Dicásolo was born on April 25, 1920 in Chivilcoy, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
His parents were from Naples, Italy.
Dicásolo had two children.
He lived in Buenos Aires with his family until his death in 2013.
Dicásolo died on September 13, 2013 in his Buenos Aires home from natural causes, aged 93.
Argentine artists
Argentine comedians
Argentine screenwriters
Coming to America is a 1988 comedy movie directed by John Landis.
It is about an African prince who comes to the United States in hopes of finding a woman he can marry.
It stars Eddie Murphy, Arsenio Hall, James Earl Jones, John Amos, Ralph Bellamy, and Don Ameche.
It was released on June 29, 1988.
A sequel, Coming 2 America, was released in December 2020.
Nekromantik is a controversial 1987 horror movie.
The subjects look at suicide and necrophilia.
This horror movie was refused classification in Australia, Iceland, New Zealand and Norway due to its graphic and explicit content.
It became a cult movie during the years after its release, however.
A granary is a building or room (usually in a barn) that holds grain.
It keeps the grain dry so it does not spoil, and keeps it away from animals that would eat it.
They are an important part of a farm.
If the grain is lost, eaten by pests, or ruined, the farmers might starve or lose much money.
Granaries have been around as long as humans have had agriculture and in some cases even before we planted crops.
The earliest ones are over 11,000 years old and stored grains that grew in the wild and were collected by hand.
Granaries usually have few, if any, windows.
They are often built off the ground, to keep out water and mice.
They will have a door near the bottom to get the grain out, and usually have an opening up high to put the grain in.
A silo is a building that holds silage.
Silage is green chopped plants (usually grass or corn stalks) that is kept wet (this is different than hay, which is stored dry).
It ferments and can be kept all winter.
It makes good food for livestock, particularly dairy cows.
The silo is a fairly recent part of the farmyard.
It was first widely used in the late 1800's.
They are still used today.
While silage can be stored in many ways, the typical silo is a tall cylinder.
It usually has a cone or dome cap on top.
There is an opening at the top to put silage in, and doors running down one side to take it out.
Originally a farmer would climb the outside of the silo to the top of the silage, go inside, and shovel out the silage.
There is typically a chute on the outside, and the silage would fall down the chute, where it could be gathered and fed to the cows.
Now there is machinery that does that job.
The current flag of Kazakhstan () was adopted on 4 June 1992.
It replaced the flag of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic.
The background of the flag is blue in color.
A map of Kosovo and six stars are on the map.
Officially, the stars mean Kosovo's six major ethnic groups.
Power County is a county of the U.S. state of Idaho.
The area of Power County is .
American Falls
Pocatello (partly)
Arbon Valley
Neeley
Idaho counties
1913 establishments in Idaho
The oil-paper umbrella () is a type of paper umbrella from China.
It has spread to Japan, Korea, Vietnam, Malaysia, Burma, Thailand and Laos.
People in these countries have developed the oil-paper umbrella with different features.
In China and Japan, in addition to use as providing shade, the oil-paper umbrella is used at weddings.
In Ryukyu, it is also used at funerals.
Deontological ethics is a type of ethics and ethical theories.
It judges actions based on whether they follow certain rules.
It is sometimes described as "duty" or "obligation" or "rule" -based ethics, because rules "bind you to your duty".
The Ancient Greek word deon is commonly translated as obligation or duty.
Deontological ethics is different from consequentialism, which judges actions based on what happens because of them.
It is also different from pragmatic ethics.
There are different fields of deontological ethics.
Immanuel Kant treated duty as very important.
People call his ethics deontological ethics.
Some people believe that some actions are morally right (or morally wrong), regardless of other things, for example their consequences or the intentions behind them.
People call this idea moral absolutism.
The term  divine command theory is used for several ideas that say that an action is right if God says that it is right.
William of Ockham, René Descartes and eighteenth-century Calvinists all believed this, according to Ralph Cudworth, because they all stated that moral obligations arise from God's commands.
Snow skin mooncake (Also known as Snowy mooncake, Ice skin mooncake or Crystal mooncake) is a Chinese food which is often eaten during the Mid-Autumn Festival.
A bakery in Hong Kong created snow skin mooncakes in 1989.
Snow skin mooncake is not baked.
Traditional mooncakes are made with egg yolks and lotus seed paste.
Therefore, there is a lot of sugar and oil in them.
Pragmatic ethics is a kind of ethics that focuses  on  the development in society: People such as John Dewey believe that the moral progress a society makes is related to the progress and level in science of that society.
Scientists look at hypotheses and examine them; they can then act in such a way that they believe these hypotheses to be true.
When science advances, future scientists can replace a hypothesis with a better one.
On 9 August 2012, Bob Carr announced Philp as the next Australian ambassador to Afghanistan.
He presented his credentials to Afghan President Hamid Karzai on 31 January 2013.
Mr Philp holds a Bachelor of Arts (Honours) from the Australian National University.
He speaks Arabic and French.
1986-1988 - Third Secretary, Australian Embassy in Riyadh
1992-1995 - Deputy Head of Mission, Australian Embassy in Yangon
1996-1998 - Director, Southeast Asian Issues
1999 - Assistance Secretary, Diplomatic Security Branch
2001-2004 - Ambassador, Australian Embassy in Ankara
2004-2007 - Head of International Relations, Woodside Petroleum
2008-2009 - Somalia Taskforce, Nairobi
2009-2011 - Assistance Secretary, Consular Operations Branch
2012 - Assistant Secretary, International Organisations Branch
2013-present - Ambassador, Australian Embassy in Kabul
Ambassadors of Australia
People from Bangkok
The Centre for Conflict and Peace Studies (abbreviated CAPS) is an independent research organization, which started in July 2006.
Its office is in Kabul, Afghanistan.
This office is a research centre, which means that it is an important place where people can do independent research.
Most research centres in Afghanistan have foreign - non-Afghan - workers, but the people who work at CAPS are from Afghanistan.
CAPS is a place where people can discuss ways to change Afghanistan.
The workers from CAPS tell other Afghan people about their research.
They also discuss their research with people from other countries.
When people from other countries come to Afghanistan to work, they can learn how to live in Afghanistan from CAPS.
Research organizations in Asia
On 28 September 2012, she was chosen as the new Australian ambassador to Croatia.
She gave her credentials to Croatian President Ivo Josipović on 14 December 2012.
Cox holds a Bachelor of Arts (Administration) from the University of Canberra.
She is currently completing an Executive Masters in Public Administration at the Australia and New Zealand School of Government.
She was awarded the Order of Australia Medal for her role in the response to the 2002 Bali bombings.
The South Jeolla province was formed in 1896 from the southern half of the former Jeolla province, remained a province of Korea until the country's division in 1945, then became part of South Korea.
Gwangju was the capital of the province, until the provincial office moved to the southern village of Namak, Muan County in 2005.
Symbols of the province
Tree: Ginkgo - 은행나무 (Ginkgo biloba)
Flower: Japanese camellia - 동백나무 (Camellia japonica)
Bird: Oriental Turtle Dove - 멧비둘기 (Streptopelia orientalis)
Fish: Red seabream - 참돔 (Pagrus major)
The province has an area of  with a population, as for 2010, of 1,9404,55 and a density of  inhabitants per km².
There are almost 2,000 islands along the coastline, about three quarters of which are uninhabited.
The coastline is about  long.
Some of the marine products, in particular oyster and seaweed cultivation, are leading in South Korea.
The rivers Somjin, Tamjin and Yeongsam form plains that are very good for growing rice.
The largest river is the Yeongsan,  long; it flows to the southwest and forms a estuary in the Yellow Sea at Mokpo.
In coastal areas, the climate is mild and humid, with annual rainfall of 1,289 mm and average temperatures of .