the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
He is the main author of the New Flora of Belgium, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, Northern France and neighbouring regions which is used by thousands of students.
Taxonomy of the vascular plants of Western Europe and the Mediterranean basin,
Nature conservation (especially problems of introduced and reintroduced plants), scientific popularization of botany, botanical nomenclature
Vegetation-entomofauna relationships (cecidology, co-evolution, pollination ...)
Mycology and lichenology,
Radioecology
Serusiaux E., & J Lambinon 1994
Bacidia clauzadei sp.nov.,
une espèce nouvelle de lichen foliicole produisant des cils conidiogènes.
Bulletin de la Société Linnéenne de Provence, 45:349-35
Verloove F. & Lambinon J 2006
The non native vascular flora of Belgium  Systematics and Geography of Plants 76: 217-220
Interstate 296 (I-296) is an Interstate Highway near Grand Rapids in Kent County, Michigan, United States.
It runs between the Interstate 196 near Downtown Grand Rapids; and the Interstate 96 in Walker.
It is around  long and is part of the U.S. Route 131 for most of the route.
It first opened in December 1962, but is now not shown on signs and is only shown as the U.S. Route 131.
Exit list
I-296 at Michigan Highways
I-296 at Interstate Guide—Photos of termini and scan of 1970s Michigan map before the freeway designation was "hidden"
I-296 at kurumi.com
El cerco de Numancia (The siege of Numancia) is a tragedy written in 1585 by the Spanish writer and soldier Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra.
It tells the story of the defeat of Numancia by the Roman Empire in the 2nd century BC.
The play is also known as The Numancia, Comedy of the siege of Numancia, The destruction of Numancia and Tragedy of Numancia.
Two handwritten copies of the play have survived.
One copy is in the National Library of Spain which is an actor's script from the 17th century.
Another copy, the codex Sancho Rayón, is held by the Hispanic Society of America.
This copy was made by Antonio of Sancha in 1784, with modern spelling, together with another play, the Trip of the Parnaso.
Both copies are believed to be based closely on the original, although the modern editors prefer to use The Numancia from the manuscript Sancho Rayón.
Arizona is a 1940 American western movie directed by Wesley Ruggles and was based on the 1939 novel of the same name by Clarence Budington Kelland.
It stars Jean Arthur, William Holden, Warren William, Porter Hall, Edgar Buchanan, George Chandler, Colin Tapley and was distributed by Columbia Pictures.
Too Many Husbands is a 1940 American romantic comedy movie directed by Wesley Ruggles and was based on the 1919 play of the same name by W. Somerset Maugham.
It stars Jean Arthur, Fred MacMurray, Melvyn Douglas, Harry Davenport, Dorothy Peterson, Meville Cooper and was distributed by Columbia Pictures.
Monster's Ball is a 2001 American romantic drama movie directed by Marc Forster and starring Billy Bob Thornton, Halle Barry, Heath Ledger, Peter Boyle, Sean Combs, Mos Def.
It was distributed by Lionsgate Films and was nominated for 2 Oscars and won an Academy Award in 2002.
Movies set in Georgia (U.S. state)‎
Merry Christmas, Mr. Lawrence (Japanese: 戦場のメリークリスマス, Hepburn: Senjō no Merī Kurisumasu - "Merry Christmas on the Battlefield", also known in many European editions as , is a 1983 British Japanese New Zealand World War II movie directed by Nagisa Oshima and was based on the 1963 novel The Seed and the Sower by Laurens van der Post.
It stars David Bowie, Jack Thompson, Tom Conti, Ryuichi Sakamoto, Takeshi Kitano, Alistair Browning, Yuya Uchida and won a BAFTA Award in 1984.
is a 1960 Japanese crime drama movie directed by Nagisa Oshima and starring Yūsuke Kawzau, Yoshiko Kuga, Fumio Watanabe, Miyuki Kuwano.
Marí was discovered by the American music mogul Jay Z while she was 16 years old.
Jay Z signed her under his label Roc-A-Fella records.
In the same year, she released her debut album, titled ‘Roc-A-Fella Records Presents Teairra Mari’, which turned out to be a major debacle.
It was a critical success but struggled in garnering the expected sales numbers.
This failure threatened to destroy her musical career even before it started and she exited from the label during the production of her second album.
A few years later, she got another chance to redeem her career with the single ‘Hunt 4 U’, and its success enabled her to approach studios to produce her second album.
It was eventually released with the title ‘At that Point’.
She embarked into acting in 2009 with the film ‘The Magnificent Cooly-T’.
Thereafter, she appeared in another film ‘Lottery Ticket’ in 2010.
She has also released some mix tapes featuring some well known artists of this era and has tasted success with her latest album, ‘Night Shift’ which was released in 2017.
According to Teairra, she was in an-again-off-again relationship for nine years with Brandy Norwood's brother Ray J. In September 2014, Ray J claimed that Teairra was physically abusive to him during their relationship.
In 2011, Teairra was arrested in Beverly Hills, California for allegedly assaulting a police officer.
In July 2015, Mari was charged with battery after her Uber driver alleged that she punched him and stole his phone charger after he originally declined to let her charge her phone in his car.
Nonetheless, the court case had ended in a mistrial when the judge had to excuse himself due to illness in early 2017.
Roc-A-Fella Records Presents Teairra Marí (2005)
At That Point (2009)
Sex on the Radio (2012)
is the one of the largest cookie brands, baked and marketed by Nabisco, a subsidiary of Mondelēz International, that was started in 1963.
Michael Stanley Regan (born August 6, 1976) is an American environmentalist and politician.
Regan is the 16th Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency since 2021.
He was the secretary of North Carolina's Department of Environmental Quality from 2017 until 2021.
On December 17, 2020, it was reported that then President-elect Joe Biden nominated Regan to serve as Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency.
He was confirmed by the United States Senate on March 11, 2021.
Juan Manuel Pérez-Giménez (March 28, 1941 – December 10, 2020) was an American lawyer and politician.
He was a Judge on the United States District Court for the District of Puerto Rico from 1979 until his death.
He was chief judge of the court from 1984 to 1991.
Pérez-Giménez was nominated to the court by President Jimmy Carter.
He was born in Río Piedras, Puerto Rico.
The Very Reverend James Edgar Atwell, MA, BD (3 June 1946 – 12 December 2020) was an English Anglican priest who was Dean of Winchester from 2006 to 2016.
Atwell was born in Calne, Wiltshire.
Sal Rocca (October 29, 1946 – December 13, 2020) was an Italian-born American politician and real estate developer.
He was born in Casalvieri, Italy.
He was a member of the Michigan House of Representatives from 1975 to 1980, 1983 to 1994, and 2001 to 2004.
Before 1992, he was a member of the Democratic Party.
Afterwards, Rocca was a Republican.
Rocca was raised in Detroit, Michigan.
Segundo Galicia Sánchez (August 11, 1938 – December 14, 2020) was a Peruvian professor and sociologist.
He was born in Virú, Peru.
He was a full-time professor and researcher, "C" holder of the Faculty of Social Sciences of the Autonomous University of Sinaloa, (UAS), Mexico.
He also was a member of the Sistema Nacional de Investigadores.
Nyagarama (1946 – 18 December 2020), formally known as John Obiero Nyagarama, was a Kenyan politician.
He was the first Governor of Nyamira County from 2013 until his death.
Nyagarama was born in Nyamira County, Kenya.
Nyagarama was diagnosed with COVID-19 on 15 December 2020 and was hospitalized in Nairobi, Kenya.
He died three days later from respiratory failure caused by the infection, aged 74.
Rahah binti Mohamed Noah (11 June 1933 – 18 December 2020) was a Malaysian socialite.
She was the widow of former Malaysian Prime Minister Tun Abdul Razak and the mother of former Prime Minister Najib Razak.
Noah was born in Muar, Johor.
Jeremy Bulloch (16 February 194517 December 2020) was an English actor.
He was best known for the role of the bounty hunter Boba Fett in The Empire Strikes Back and Return of the Jedi.
Bulloch was born in Market Harborough, Leicestershire.
Pierre Buyoya (24 November 1949 – 17 December 2020) was a Burundian politician and soldier.
He was the President of Burundi two times from 1987 to 1993 and from 1996 to 2003.
Buyoya was the second longest-serving Burundian president.
Hypovolemic shock is a medical emergency and an advanced form of hypovolemia.
It is caused by low amounts of blood and/or fluid inside the human body to let the heart pump enough blood to the body.
Hypovolemic shock happens when there is a low amount of intravascular volume to the point of heart failure.
The hypovolemic shock could be due to severe dehydration or from blood loss.
His Kind of Woman is a 1951 American crime movie directed by John Farrow and Richard Fleischer and starring Robert Mitchum, Jane Russell, Vincent Price, Tim Holt, Charles McGraw, Raymond Burr, Marjorie Reynolds, Leslie Banning.
Stanley Cowell (May 5, 1941 – December 17, 2020) was an American jazz pianist.
He was the co-founder of the Strata-East Records label.
Cowell was born in Toledo, Ohio.
During the late 1980s, Cowell was part of a regular quartet led by J.J. Johnson.
Cowell taught in the Music Department of the Mason Gross School of the Arts at Rutgers University in New Jersey.
Enrico Ferri (17 February 1942 — 17 December 2020) was an Italian politician and lawyer.
Ferri was a member of the Italian Democratic Socialist Party.
Ferri was Minister of Public Works from 1988 to 1989 during the Ciriaco De Mita cabinet.
From 1992 to 1994, he was a member of the Chamber of Deputies.
From 1993 to 1995, he was Secretary of the Italian Democratic Socialist Party.
From 1989 to 1994, he was a Member of the European Parliament.
Pontremoli (; ) is a small city in the province of Massa and Carrara, Tuscany region, central Italy.
Jacó Roberto Hilgert (27 January 1926 – 17 December 2020) was a Brazilian Roman Catholic prelate.
He was born in Harmonia, Rio Grande do Sul.
In 1952, he became a priest.
He was the Bishop of Cruz Alta from 1976 to 2002.
Wacław Szybalski (9 September 1921 – 16 December 2020) was a Polish-American oncologist and biotechnologist.
He worked at the McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research in the University of Wisconsin–Madison Medical School.
He discovered the Szybalski's rule.
Szybalski was born in Lwów, Poland.
Benny Napoleon (1955 – December 17, 2020) was an American attorney, law enforcement officer, and Democratic politician.
He was the Sheriff of Wayne County, Michigan.
He was also a 2013 candidate for Mayor of Detroit.
From 2009 until his death, Wayne County Sheriff.
Napolean was born in Detroit.
Napoleon was diagnosed with COVID-19 in November 2020.
He died on December 17, 2020 in Detroit from the infection, aged 65.
Ignaz Puschnik (5 February 1934 – 17 December 2020) was an Austrian football midfielder.
He played for Austria from 1957 to 1964 and during the 1958 FIFA World Cup.
He also played for Kapfenberger SV from 1956 to 1964.
Puschnik was born in Vienna.
Giovanni Sacco (25 September 1943 – 17 December 2020) was an Italian footballer.
Sacco was born in San Damiano d'Asti, Italy.
He played for Juventus F.C., Atalanta B.C. and A.C. Reggiana 1919.
His career lasted from 1962 to 1976.
San Damiano d'Asti is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Asti in the Italian region Piedmont
Saufatu Sopoanga  (22 February 1952 – 17 December 2020) was a Tuvaluan politician.
He was the 8th Prime Minister of Tuvalu from 2 August 2002 until 27 August 2004.
Sopoanga was born in Nukufetau, Tuvalu.
Per Oskar "Pelle" Svensson (6 February 1943 – 17 December 2020) was a Swedish Greco-Roman wrestler and lawyer.
He won a silver medal at the 1964 Summer Olympics and two gold medals at the World Championships in 1970 and 1971.
Svensson was born in Sollefteå, Sweden.
Scott Hylands Douglas (born 1943) is a Canadian actor.
Hylands was born in Vancouver, British Columbia.
He appeared in Cannon, The Waltons, Baretta, and Ironside.
At the time most continents were crowded together in the supercontinent Gondwana.
They lay on the path of tropical rainfall.
As vegetable matter from these forests decayed, enormous deposits of peat accumulated, which later changed into coal.
Now those continents are wide apart, but they have the coalfields which those ancient forests left behind.
Much of the carbon in the peat deposits produced by coal forests came from photosynthetic splitting of carbon dioxide.
This released oxygen into the atmosphere.
This increased the oxygen level, perhaps as high as about 35%.
This had the effect of making the air more easily breathable by animals with limitrd respiratory systems.
This may explain the size of Meganeura compared to modern dragonflies.
The coal forests covered tropical Euramerica (Europe, eastern North America, northwesternmost Africa) and  China.
Eventually, climate change devastated these tropical rainforests.
The so-called Carboniferous rainforest collapse was caused by a cooler drier climate which broke up the rainforest ecosystem.
The cause of this change was mountain uplift, no doubt caused by the continental plates squeezing against each other.
During most of the rest of Carboniferous times, the coal forests were restricted to North America (such as the Appalachian and Illinois coal basins) and central Europe.
At the very end of the Carboniferous period, the coal forests underwent a resurgence, expanding mainly in eastern Asia, notably China.
They never recovered fully in Euramerica.
The Chinese coal forests continued to flourish well into Permian times.
Kinds of plants found in coal measures
Sphenopsida
Pteridosperms
Jorge Aristóteles Sandoval Díaz (22 January 1974 – 18 December 2020) was a Mexican politician.
Sandoval was Governor of Jalisco from 2013 to 2018.
Sandoval was born in Guadalajara, Jalisco.
Arsphenamine, also known as Salvarsan or compound 606, is a drug.
It was introduced at the beginning of the 1910s.
It was the first effective treatment for syphilis and African trypanosomiasis.
This organoarsenic compound was the first modern antimicrobial {antibiotic} agent.
The antisyphilitic activity of this compound was discovered by Sahachiro Hata in 1909.
He surveyed hundreds of newly synthesized organic arsenical compounds.
Ehrlich thought that by screening many compounds, a drug could be discovered which would have anti-microbial activity but not kill the patient.
Dr. Ehrlich's Magic Bullet, 1940 movie about Ehrlich's quest to find a cure for syphilis.
Puerto Vallarta (, PV or simply Vallarta) is a Mexican beach resort city located on the Pacific Ocean's Bahía de Banderas in the Mexican state of Jalisco.
Puerto Vallarta official government site
Puerto Vallarta Tourism Official Website
Puerto Vallarta News Site
Hawk Junction is a community with a local services board in the Canadian province of Ontario, found just north of Highway 101, about  east of Wawa.
The community was made by people of Italian, Scottish and French ancestry in 1909 when the Algoma Central Railway was made through the area.
In 1923-1924 it was destroyed by fire.
The community was rebuilt and is now a terminal for the Algoma Central Railway.
In September 2017, the last business, the Big Bear Hotel closed, leaving Hawk Junction without any services.
Residents had needed to drive to the  town of Wawa for any services.
It is a popular starting point for wilderness hunting and fishing trips.
During the winter Hawk Junction is a major snowmobile drop off point.
The Big Bear has now recently reopened its doors under a new owner.
Demographics (from censuses)
Wawa is a township in the Canadian province of Ontario, located within the Algoma District and associated with Wawa Lake.
Previously known as the township of Michipicoten, after a nearby river of that name, the township was officially renamed in 2007 for its largest  community of Wawa.
This area was first made for fur trading.
In the late 19th century, both gold and iron ore were found and mined, leading to the region's rise as the steel industry developed in Sault Ste.
From 1900-1918 the Helen Mine had the highest production of iron ore of any mine in Canada.
The township includes the smaller communities of Michipicoten and Michipicoten River, which are small port settlements on the shore of Lake Superior.
These names are from the Ojibwe term for the river.
Population in 2016: 2,905
Population in 2011: 2,977
Population in 2006: 3,204
Population in 2001: 3,668
Population in 1996: 4,145
Population in 1991: 4,154
Modern politics in Wawa
The municipal council is made up of one mayor and four councillors.
The current mayor is Ron Rody.
Councillors Tamara Liddle, Bill Chiasson, James Neufeld and Yvan Besner were elected on October 27, 2014 for four years.
After James Neufeld resigned on April 27, 2015, Matthew Morrison was appointed to fill the empty seat on August 10, 2015.
In 2016, Councillor Tamara Liddle and her husband, Gerry Liddle were investigated and it was revealed that both Gerry Liddle and Councillor Tamara Liddle harassed CAO Chris Wray to try and get a personal benefit to avoid paying taxes.
Both were punished by town council.
After the 2018 elections, Ron Rody was victorious as mayor and the following councillors were elected: Bill Chiasson, Mitch Hatfield, Robert Reece, and Pat Tait.
Tourist attractions and notable events
The community is known for its 8.5-metre (28-foot) metal statue of a Canada goose, which was built in 1960, and was dedicated to the community in 1961.
Wawa takes its name from the Ojibwe word for "wild goose", wewe.
Wawa was called wild goose in The Song of Hiawatha.
On July 5, 2010, the Canada Post made a commemorative stamp of the Wawa Goose as part of its Roadside Attractions collection.
On July 1, 2017, a new Wawa Goose was made to replace the second aging goose.
The town is also known for snowmobiling and sport fishing.
The Voyageur Hiking Trail passes through the town.
One important shopping location is Young's General Store, home of the locally famous Pickle Barrel.
The FIFA Puskás Award is an award that is organized by FIFA.
The award was first awarded in 2009.
Puskas Award
In ethology, territory is the area that a species of  animal consistently defends against related animals.
Sometimes it means areas defended against animals of other species.
Animals that defend territories in this way are referred to as territorial.
Territoriality is not shown by most species.
More commonly, a  group of animals has an area that they use but do not necessarily defend.
This is called their home range.
The home ranges of different groups of animals often overlap, and in the overlap areas, the groups tend to avoid each other.
Many animals use vocalisations to advertise their territory.
These are short-term signals given only when the animal is present.
The sound can travel long distances and through various habitats.
Examples include birds, frogs and canids.
Scent markings are used by many mammals.
Some have special scent glands; others squirt urine on key places.
Domestic cats have graded ritualized aggression.
This starts off with vocalizations and sometimes mounts to direct attack.
The similar frog (Papurana attigua) is a frog from Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam.
Scientists saw it between 700 and 1200 meters above sea level.
Sport Lisboa e Benfica "B", commonly known as Benfica B, is a Portuguese football club based in Seixal.
It is the reserve team of S.L. Benfica.
Season-to-season record
As of match played 24 October 2020.
Only competitive matches are counted, including those in the Premier League International Cup.
Terceira Divisão
Winners: 2004–05
S.L. Benfica B at LPFP
He was killed possibly by being struck from the force of God whilst plundering church property.
However he most likely died of a broken heart.
Hypergamy is the practice of dating or marrying someone of a higher social status than oneself.
Hypergamy is usually associated with women.
Some sociologists believe that harems formerly existed because of female hypergamy.
Some analysts also believe that people have twice as many female ancestors as male ancestors because of female hypergamy.
For the better part of human history, women simply didn’t have the option, access, or legal rights in many places in the world to have agency over their own welfare and to create financial independence.
So, they relied on a 'good marriage' to secure their (and their children’s) overall prosperity and prospects.
While many Western societies have progressed to promote gender equality in the past century—attempting to creating equal career, educational, and financial opportunities for women—there's still a large gender pay gap.
For example, in the United States, women are paid roughly 82 cents for every dollar a man makes for the same job, and the disparity is even greater for women of color, according to the American Association of University Women.
Elections happened on November 3, 2020 to elect 33 class 2 members to the United States Senate.
The winners were elected into a six-year term from January 3, 2021, to January 3, 2027.
Two special senate elections were also held on the same day: one in Arizona after John McCain died and one in Georgia after Johnny Isakson resigned.
In Arizona, a Democrat won where there was a Republican before.
In Georgia, two Democratic senators won against the Republican senators, changing the state to Democrat and changing the power of the senate from Republican to Democrat.
List of elections
Regular elections
2020 United States Senate election in Iowa
2020 United States Senate election in Kansas
2020 United States Senate election in Kentucky
2020 United States Senate election in Louisiana
2020 United States Senate election in Maine
2020 United States Senate election in Massachusetts
2020 United States Senate election in Michigan
2020 United States Senate election in Minnesota
2020 United States Senate election in Montana
2020 United States Senate election in New Hampshire
Special elections
Eltham is a district in the south of London in the Royal Borough of Greenwich.
The London Plan says Eltham is one of 35 major centres in Greater London.
As a residential area (a suburb), the main features, apart from the housing, are the schools and the shops.
It was once an elite area with a palace (Eltham Palace) that dates back to the 13th century.
It is now the biggest shopping area in S.E. London.
The Palace was made over in the 1930s.
Stephen Courtauld had it made up in art deco style.
The Courtauld family was immensely rich at the time.
The Palace still has a few parts which date back in time to its former royal use.
It is now owned by English Heritage.
Eltham College is a public school (independent fee-paying school) in Mottingham, southeast London.
Eltham and Mottingham were part of the same parish.
Jesus piece (jewelry), a type of jewelry depicting the face of Jesus
Jesus Piece (album), a 2012 album by hip-hop artist The Game
Jesus Piece (band), a hardcore/metal band from Philadelphia.
Margaret Mead (December 16, 1901 – November 15, 1978) was an American cultural anthropologist.
She was an author and speaker in the mass media in the 1960s and 1970s.
She was President of the American Advancement for the Association of Sciences in 1975.
Mead was a communicator of anthropology in modern American and Western culture.
As an academic, she was often controversial.
Her reports about attitudes toward sex in the South Pacific and Southeast Asian culture traditions influenced the 1960s sexual revolution.
Mead was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
She died from pancreatic cancer in New York City.
Publications by Mead
Note: See also Margaret Mead: The Complete Bibliography 1925–1975, Joan Gordan, ed.,
As a sole author
Coming of Age in Samoa (1928)
Growing Up In New Guinea (1930)
The Changing Culture of an Indian Tribe (1932)
Sex and Temperament in Three Primitive Societies (1935)
And Keep Your Powder Dry: An Anthropologist Looks at America (1942)
Male and Female (1949)
New Lives for Old: Cultural Transformation in Manus, 1928–1953 (1956)
People and Places (1959; a book for young readers)
Continuities in Cultural Evolution (1964)
Culture and Commitment (1970)
The Mountain Arapesh: Stream of events in Alitoa (1971)
Blackberry Winter: My Earlier Years (1972; autobiography)
As editor or coauthor
Balinese Character: A Photographic Analysis, with Gregory Bateson, 1942, New York Academy of Sciences.
Soviet Attitudes Toward Authority (1951)
Cultural Patterns and Technical Change, editor (1953)
Primitive Heritage: An Anthropological Anthology, edited with Nicholas Calas (1953)
An Anthropologist at Work, editor (1959, reprinted 1966; a volume of Ruth Benedict's writings)
The Study of Culture at a Distance, edited with Rhoda Metraux, 1953
Themes in French Culture, with Rhoda Metraux, 1954
The Wagon and the Star: A Study of American Community Initiative co-authored with Muriel Whitbeck Brown, 1966
A Rap on Race, with James Baldwin, 1971
A Way of Seeing, with Rhoda Metraux, 1975
One Night of Love is a 1934 American romantic musical movie directed by Victor Schertzinger and was adapted from the novel Don't Fall in Love.
It stars Grace Moore, Lyle Talbot, Tullio Carminati, Mona Barrie, Jessie Ralph and was distributed by Columbia Pictures.
It was nominated for 6 Oscars and won 2 Academy Awards in 1935.
Beloved is a 1934 American drama movie directed by Victor Schertzinger and starring John Boles, Gloria Stuart, Morgan Farley, Ruth Hall, Albert Conti, Dorothy Peterson, Edmund Breese, Louise Carter, Walter Brennan, Oscar Apfel, Mickey Rooney, Richard Carle.
Ralph Karl Winter Jr. (July 30, 1935 – December 8, 2020) was an American politician and lawyer.
He was known as a conservative judge.
Winter Jr. was the Judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit from 1981 until his death.
Greg Burdine (May 1, 1959 – December 13, 2020) was an American politician.
He was a member of the Alabama House of Representatives, representing the 1st District from 2010 to 2014.
Burdine was a member of the Democratic Party.
Burdine was born in Florence, Alabama.
Collies form a type of herding dogs, including many similar landraces and  standardized breeds.
The type began in Scotland and Northern England.
Collies are usually medium-sized, fairly lightly-built dogs, with pointed noses.
Many breeds have a white color over the shoulders.
Collies are very active, and most types of collies are excellent at herding.
Collie breeds have spread through many parts of the world (especially Australia and North America), and have then made many varieties, sometimes mixed with other dog types (cross breeding, for example, the Borador).
Some collie breeds are still used as working dogs for herding cattle, sheep, and other livestock, while others are kept as pets, show dogs or for dog sports, in which they display great agility, stamina and trainability.
While the American Kennel Club has a breed they call "collie", in fact collie dogs are a type of herding dog including many related landraces and formal breeds.
There are usually major differences between show dogs and those bred for herding trials or dog sports: the herding dogs show good agility, stamina and trainability and behaviour.
Common use of the name "collie" in some areas is limited to certain breeds — the name means Rough Collie in parts of the United States, and Border Collie in many parts of Great Britain.
Most collie dog types do not actually include "collie" in their name (see Welsh Sheepdog at right).
Michael Francis Land FRS (12 April 1942 – 14 December 2020) was a British neurobiologist.
He was a professor of neurobiology in the vision laboratory at the Sussex Centre for Neuroscience, University of Sussex, England.
He was known for his visual information of the retinas of mosquitoes.
Frank W. Christopherson Jr. (May 24, 1927 – December 15, 2020) was an American Democratic politician.
He was a member of the Wisconsin Senate from 1963 to 1967.
He also was in the Wisconsin Assembly from 1959 to 1963.
Christopherson Jr. was born in Superior, Wisconsin.
Jeff Clayton (February 16, 1954 – December 17, 2020) was an American jazz alto saxophonist and flautist.
He recorded with Gladys Knight, Kenny Rogers, Michael Jackson, Patti Labelle, and Madonna.
Clayton founded The Clayton Brothers in 1977, and later formed the Clayton-Hamilton Jazz Orchestra with Jeff Hamilton.
Hybristophilia or Scelerophilia is a paraphilia where someone is romantically attracted to mean people or delinquents.
Literature about hybristophilia or scelerophilia is in general use used to describe female attraction to bad boys or to obnoxious guys.
Sir Mekere Morauta, KCMG (12 June 1946 – 19 December 2020) was a Papua New Guinean politician and economist.
He was the 7th Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea from 1999 to 2002.
Morauta was born in Kukipi, Territory of Papua.
Morauta was a member of the People's Democratic Movement.
Morauta died on 19 December 2020 in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
The Welsh Sheepdog (, ) is a herding dog breed from Wales.
Some people incorrectly call a Welsh Sheepdog a Welsh Collie - usually 'Welsh Collie' is used for a cross between a Welsh Sheepdog and a Border Collie, which is often a milder dog and easier to manage than the pure breed.
Like other types of working dog, Welsh Sheepdogs are normally bred for their herding abilities rather than appearance, and so they are different in build, colour and size.
Welsh Sheepdogs are the collie type, usually black-and-white, red-and-white or tricolour, and merle markings may occur over any of these combinations.
The coat may be short or fairly long, and the ears are pricked, but usually folded at the tip.
They are longer in leg, broader in chest and wider in muzzle than the Border Collie.
They are extremely active and intelligent, and therefore need much exercise and mental stimulation, if they are to be kept as pets.
Over many decades the Welsh Sheepdog has mostly been replaced for working sheep in Wales by the Border Collie, a standardised breed.
However, in more recent years, efforts have been made to keep the Welsh Sheepdog as a variety.
Welsh Sheepdogs are usually loose-eyed, not scaring the stock with their eyes like the  Border Collie.
They are able to work freely without being under human control.
Welsh Sheepdogs are most often used for herding sheep, but also work cattle, goats, and even horses and pigs.
They were often in the past used as a droving dog to take cattle and sheep to markets in Britain.
• Atopic Dermatitis, which seems to be more common indoors for this breed.
It causes irritation to the dog's skin.
• Collie Eye Anomaly, which is very common with collie breeds.
It causes sight loss.
• Hip dysplasia, which makes the hip go weak.
Mostly in growing dogs.
• Diabetes, which is not listed for the dog breed being more likely to get, but there are increasing numbers of this.
It causes weight loss, and makes the dog urinate more.
Food levels
The Welsh Sheepdog needs about three cups of dry food each day, which costs between $1.20 and $1.40.
The monthly cost of this is about $35, but this can go to $45.
Xavier Espot Zamora (born 30 October 1979) is an Andorran politician.
He is the Prime Minister of Andorra since 16 May 2019.
Han Grijzenhout (22 December 1932 – 18 December 2020) was a Dutch football manager.
He managed Cercle Brugge K.S.V. from 1972 to 1977, 1982 to 1983 and 1988 to 1991.
He also managed K.A.A. Gent from 1980 to 1981 and from 1984 to 1987.
Peter Curtis Lamont (12 November 1929 – 18 December 2020) was a British set decorator, art director, and production designer.
He was known for working on many James Bond movies from Goldfinger (1964) to Casino Royale (2006).
He also was the production designer for Titanic (1997), winning him an Academy Award.
Michał Marusik (26 September 1951 — 18 December 2020) was a Polish politician.
He was leader of the Congress of the New Right (KNP) from 2015 to 2017.
He was a Congress of the New Right Member of the European Parliament representing Warsaw from 2014 to 2019.
Marusik was born in Skrzynki, Poland.
Bearded Collies have an average weight of .
Males are around  tall at the shoulders while females are around  tall.
History of the Bearded Collie
The Bearded Collie's history is mostly fact and false.
Kazimierz Grabski, a Polish merchant, traded some grain for sheep in Scotland in 1514 and brought six Polish Lowland Sheepdogs to move the sheep.
A Scottish shepherd was so impressed with the herding ability of the dogs that he traded several sheep for several dogs.
The Polish sheepdogs were bred with local Scottish dogs to produce the Bearded Collie.
It is generally agreed that Mrs. G. Olive Willison founded the modern Bearded Collie in 1944 with her brown female, Jeannie of Bothkennar.
Jeannie was meant to be a Shetland Sheepdog, but Mrs. Willison was given a Bearded Collie by accident.
She was so interested by the dog that she wanted to begin breeding, so she began looking for a male dog for Jeannie.
While walking along the beach, Mrs. Willison met a man who was emigrating from Scotland; she became the owner of his grey dog, David, who became Bailie (also anglicized as Bailey) of Bothkennar.
Bailie and Jeannie of Bothkennar are the makers of the modern breed; there are only a few other blood lines, preserved in large part by the perseverance of Mr. Nicolas Broadbridge (Sallen) and Mrs. Betty Foster (Bredon).
These are based on Turnbull's Blue—a Bearded Collie from working stock, registered in ISDS when ISDS still registered non-Border Collies.
He breeded three litters of Bearded Collies.
The breed became popular during the last half of the 20th century—helped, in part, by Potterdale Classic at Moonhill, a Bearded Collie who won Best in Show at Crufts in 1989.
The Bearded Collie Club celebrated its Golden Jubilee in 2005.
The bearded collie is also good natured and is good as a family pet and a working dog and a show dog.
The average longevity (the age at which half of the dogs has died and half is still alive) of Bearded Collies from recent UK and USA/Canada surveys (the average of all surveys is 12.8 years); Beardies in the UK surveys lived longer (average ~13.4 years) than the USA/Canada bearded collies. (
median 12.0 years).
Most breeds have average longevities between 10 and 13 years and most breeds similar in size to Bearded Collies have average longevities between 11 and 13 years, so the lifespan of Bearded Collies appears to be on the higher compared with other breeds (at least in the UK).
Individual dogs may die much earlier or later than the average.
In a 1996 USA/Canada survey, 32% of Beardies died (including accidental deaths) before the age of nine; however, 12% lived longer than 14 years.
The oldest of the 278 deceased dogs in the 2004 UK Kennel Club survey died at 19.5 years; the age at death of the oldest dog in the USA/Canada survey was not reported.
The highest causes of death among Beardies in the UK are old age (26%), cancer (19%), cerebrovascular disease (9%), and chronic kidney failure (8%).
The highest causes of death among Beardies in the US and Canada are old age (18%), cancer (17%), kidney failure (8%), cerebrovascular disease (4%) and hypoadrenocorticism (4%).
These are similar to eachother.
Morbidity
Bearded Collie owners in the UK said that the most common health issues among living dogs were musculoskeletal—mostly arthritis and cruciate ligament rupture (CLR)—gastrointestinal (primarily colitis and diarrhea) and urologic diseases.
Beardie owners in the US and Canada reported that the most common health problems were hypothyroidism, cancer, Addison's disease, arthritis and skin problems.
Morbidity in the two studies is not easily compared, however; the UK report grouped diseases, while the USA/Canada report used more detailed conditions.
Hypoadrenocorticism (also known as Addison's disease) is a disease in Bearded Collies, although the inheritance is not known.
It occurs when the adrenal cortex produces less then needed numbers of glucocorticoid and/or mineralocorticoid hormones.
It affects approximately 2–3.4% of Bearded Collies in the USA/Canada, and causes the death of at least 1% of Bearded Collies in the UK.
These are higher percentages than for the average dog population (0.1%), and hypoadrenocorticism causes a disproportionate number of deaths among young dogs.
Early symptoms are vague and easily mistaken for other conditions.
Symptoms include unexplained lethargy, frequent gastric disturbances, or an inability to tolerate stress.
Untreated, hypoadrenocorticism can cause death.
Thankfully, with medication, most dogs can live a  normal life.
The role of Nana in the original production of the James Barrie play Peter Pan was performed by a Bearded Collie.
A Bearded Collie named Coal featured in the 2006 film The Shaggy Dog starring Tim Allen.
Ralphie, a Bearded Collie, appears in the 2009 film Hotel for Dogs.
Jerry Relph (September 4, 1944 − December 18, 2020) was an American politician.
Relph was born in Boston, Massachusetts.
Relph was a member of the Minnesota Senate from 2017 until his death.
Nolan Ray Rogers (July 3, 1931 – December 18, 2020) was an American Republican politician and businessman.
He was born in Pearl, Mississippi.
Rogers was a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives from 1984 until 2020.
Pearl is a city in Rankin County, Mississippi.
The population was 25,092 at the 2010 census.
Tim Severin (25 September 1940 – 18 December 2020) was a British explorer, historian and writer.
Severin was awarded both the Gold Medal of the Royal Geographical Society and the Livingstone Medal of the Royal Scottish Geographical Society.
He received the Thomas Cook Travel Book Award for his 1982 book The Sindbad Voyage.
Valentin Sergeevich Shurchanov (19 April 1947 – 18 December 2020) was a Russian politician and journalist.
He was born in Kanashsky District, Soviet Union.
From 1999 to 2003 and again from 2007 until his death, Shurchanov was a member of the State Duma.
Noureddine Yazid Zerhouni () (1937, – 18 December 2020) was a Tunisian-born Algerian politician.
Zerhouni was the Minister of the Interior from 1999 to 2010 and Deputy Prime Minister from 2010 to 2012.
Bram van der Vlugt (28 May 1934 – 19 December 2020) was a Dutch actor.
He was known for playing the role of Sinterklaas.
He also starred in Pastorale 1943, Tropic of Emerald and in Family.
Peter Yariyok Jatau (5 August 1931 – 16 December 2020) was a Nigerian Roman Catholic archbishop.
Jatau was born in Lagos, Nigeria.
He was coadjutor archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Kaduna, Nigeria, from 1972 to 1975 and as archbishop of the archdiocese from 1975 to 2007.
Joseph Kyeong Kap-ryong (11 March 1930 – 16 December 2020) was a South Korean Roman Catholic bishop.
Kyeong Kap-ryong was born in Seoul, South Korea.
He was titular bishop of Buffada and auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Seoul from 1977 to 1984 and as bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Daejeon, South Korea, from 1984 to 2005.
The Andean cat, Andean highland cat or Andean mountain cat (Leopardus jacobita) is a small wild cat that lives in the Andes mountain range.
They live in Peru, Bolivia, northern Argentina and northern Chile.
The adult Andean cat is 57 to 64 cm long from its nose to the end of its body, and its tail is another 41 to 48 cm long.
It is about 36 cm tall and weighs between 4 and 6 kg.
Its fur is gray with places that are brown and some stripes.
Its hairs can be 5 cm long.
Young cats have lighter fur than adult cats.
Young Andean cats look like pampas cats, which live in the same places as the Andean cat.
It eats many different kinds of small animals, for example lizards and birds.
Its main food is the mountain vizcacha.
Its main food used to be the mountain chinchilla, but most of the chinchillas are dead now and the ones that are a live do not live where the Andean cat lives.
This cat likes to live in rocky, open places more than it likes forests.
The Andean cat is in danger of dying out because humans are using or want to use the land that it lives on, breaking its living space into small pieces so that it has to cross roads and other human areas to get from place to place.
It is endangered because many of the animals it eats are gone.
It is endangered because humans like to catch it for its fur.
It is also endangered because the Andean cat and its body parts is important to traditional medicine in Peru and in religious ceremonies for some of the indigenous people of the Andes.
In astronomy, a planisphere is a projection of the celestial sphere onto a plane.
Because of the projection, certain parts of the celestial sphere cannot be shown.
Hipparchus discovered that it was possible to do a projection which keeps the angles intact.
The manosphere or androsphere are a collection of vlogs, forums and other platforms meant for men and boys.
The content creators are usually older than those who watch.
The androsphere includes people promoting intactivism, MGTOW (Men Going Their Own Way), people promoting fapstinence, male dating coaches, and MRA (men's rights activists).
Some manospherians or androspherians have proposed there should be increased funding for the field of andrology or andrologists.
Some in the androsphere also promote equal access to sphinx wax facilities.
Chechen Americans are Americans of Chechen descent.
Chechen people have origins from Chechnya, a federal subject of Russia.
Sami Americans are Americans of Sami descent, who originate from Sapmi, the northern regions of Norway, Sweden, Finland, and the Kola Peninsula of Russia.
Lapp Americans is sometimes used, but lapp is considered derogatory by the Sami.
It has been estimated that there are 30,000 people who are of Sami ancestry living in the United States.
Group 9 is in the transition metals section.
It is worth noting that meitnerium has unknown chemical properties, but is probably a transition metal.
"The Winter of Our Monetized Content" is the first episode and season premiere of the thirty-first season of the American animated sitcom The Simpsons, and the 663rd episode overall.
It aired in the United States on Fox on September 29, 2019.
The director of the episode was Bob Anderson, and the writer was Ryan Koh.
The episode was dedicated to Rick and Morty and former Simpsons producer J. Michael Mendel who died of natural causes on September 24, 2019, five days before the season premiere.
Turkish Americans or American Turks are Americans who come from families with ethnic Turkish backgrounds, including Romanlar.
"500 Keys" is the 21st episode of the 22nd season of The Simpsons.
It was first shown on the Fox network on May 15, 2011.
It was written by John Frink.
Bob Anderson is the director of the episode.
The episode is about the Simpson family finding many different keys.
Aahat is an Indian horror television series created by B. P. Singh for Sony Entertainment Television.
The series began on 5 October 1995.
One of the episodes of the first season, Abhinetri, telecasted in 1998, generated a very high TRP for the show.
The episodes of first, second and fifth seasons were half-hourly, while episodes of third, fourth and sixth seasons were one-hourly.
The sixth season was premiered on 18 February 2015, featuring Shakti Anand and ended on 4 August 2015.
The first season was mostly a crime genre with infrequent episodes on the supernatural.
After the first season, each story focused on a different aspect of paranomal activity, such as ghosts, zombies, phantoms, undead persons, possessed objects and witches and wizards.
Season 1 (1995–2001)
Aahat was first shot in 1994 as a suspense thriller, and began broadcast on 5 October 1995, each story being divided across two episodes.
The season aired on Thursday nights, later changing it to every Friday nights.
Season 2 (2004–2005)
Due to the popularity of the first season, Sony TV decided to bring back the series in its second season.
The second season aired on Friday nights.
The episode format was same as of the first season.
This time the season failed to gain TRP ratings.
The third season was titled as Aahat: Dahshat Ki Teesri Dastak (English: An approaching sound: The Third Coming of Horror).
The season aired on Saturday nights, each story being shown in a single episode.
This time too the season didn't manage to gain TRP ratings and the season was shut down soon.
Season 4 (2009–2010)
The fourth season was titled Aahat: The All New Series, which aired on every Friday and Saturday nights.
In the season, Durjan who was the head of Paranormal And Supernatural Activities Research used to collect powers from the spirits for his boss.
He sends Harsh (Chaitanya Choudhury), Raghav (Vishal Gandhi) and Yamini (Krystle D'Souza) to deal with a new supernatural power every week with the story being divided into two episodes.
The season had three crossover episodes with the series CID.
Once in November 2009, second time in February 2010 and third time in June 2010.
This time the season managed to gain high TRP ratings and was declared a hit.
It is one of the most popular seasons of Aahat.
Season 5 (2010)
Due to the huge popularity of the fourth season, Sony TV decided to telecast the series four days a week.
The fifth season aired on every Monday to Thursday nights.
Every week, two stories were telecast, each story being divided across two episodes.
But this idea didn't take off; the TRP ratings dropped once again and the channel had to shut down the series on 25 November 2010.
To celebrate 15 years of the series, this season featured a 16 - episode arc titled "Maut Ka Khel" (English: "The Game of Death") which aired starting 20 September 2010.
This was heavily inspired by the 1999 Hollywood horror film House On Haunted Hill.
The storyline follows celebrities (Sidharth Shukla, Roshni Chopra, Aashka Goradia, Vivan Bhatena, Gautam Rode, Ketki Dave, Tanaaz Irani, Bakhtiyaar Irani, Aryan Vaid, Bobby Darling, Karishma Tanna, Sanjeet Bedi and Shahbaz Khan) who lived in a 200-year-old haunted house.
Season 6 (2015)
The first episode of the sixth season premiered on 18 February 2015.
Initially, the series was aired twice a week on every Wednesday and Thursday nights.
The first episode of the series had gained a TRP rating of 2.9.
Due to high ratings, the channel decided to telecast the season four days on every Monday to Thursday nights.
But after a couple of weeks, the TRP ratings dropped, and the channel had to shut down the season on 4 August 2015.
The first five seasons of the series received positive response but response for the sixth season was quite mixed.
Vineeta Kumar of India TV stated, "As against everybody's expectations, Aahat (season 6) doesn't seem that impressive."
Sweta Kaushal of Hindustan Times  stated, "The new episode of Aahat (season 6) does not scare at all and lives up to all the comic cliches that Indian horror shows have been following till date.
At best, it is hilarious."
Vineeta Kumar of India TV gave the sixth season 2/5 stars, and further stated, "For all those who would be expecting grand with the elements of horror and spook in it, Aahat has come with a slight disappointment."
Sweta Kaushal of Hindustan Times giving the same ratings to the sixth season, further stated, "The new episode shows women with bad make-up as the ghosts."
Fireworks Productions was nominated for Best Continuing TV Programme and for Best Thriller/Horror Show Of The Year of Indian Telly Awards in 2002.
Sujit Pattnaik and Tanmoy Ghosh won Indian Television Academy Awards for Best Visual Effects in 2010, while Himanshu, Yogen and Kamal were nominated for the same category of the same award in 2005 and 2012, however, winning in 2011.
Polydipsia is excessive thirst or excess drinking.
The word derives from the Greek πολυδίψιος (poludípsios) "very thirsty", which is gotten from πολύς (polús, "much, many") + δίψα (dípsa, "thirst").
Polydipsia is a symptom in many diseases.
It also occurs as a weird behaviour in some animals, such as in birds.
Polydipsia can be a symptom of diabetes mellitus.
It is seen in cases of poorly controlled diabetes.
Diabetes insipidus can also cause polydipsia.
Other physiological causes
Polydipsia is a symptom and not a disease in itself.
Polydipsia investigations at diagnosing diabetes insipidus and diabetes mellitus can be useful.
East Midlands (44 then 46)
Derbyshire (10 then 11)
Leicestershire (10)
Lincolnshire (7)
Northamptonshire (6 then 7)
1seat won by Labour in a 2012 by-election
Nottinghamshire (11)
East of England (56 then 58)
Bedfordshire (6)
Cambridgeshire (7)
Essex (17 then 18)
Hertfordshire (11)
Norfolk (8 then 9)
Suffolk (7)
Greater London (74 then 73)
North East London Boroughs (23 then 22)