the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
Kutavičius died on 29 September 2021 in Vilnius, Lithuania at the age of 88.
The Vibrators are a British punk rock band that formed in 1976.
The band signed to Epic Records in early 1977.
Their debut album, Pure Mania was co-produced with Robin Mayhew, the sound engineer for David Bowie's Ziggy Stardust live shows, and reached the top 50 of the UK Albums Chart.
Cecilia Lindqvist  (Chinese name: Lin Xili 林西莉 (Lin Xili)) (4 June 1932 – 27 September 2021) was a Swedish Sinologist.
She wrote about and taught about the history of China.
Lindqvist died on 27 September 2021 at the age of 89.
China from the inside (with Sven Lindqvist ) (1963)
Asian experience (with Sven Lindqvist) (1964)
Traveling with Aaron (1969)
What would Mao say? (
with Sven Lindqvist) (1979)
China (with Sven Lindqvist) (1980)
Characters kingdom, Bonnier (1989).
China: Empire of Living Symbols, (1991)
Qin, Albert Bonnier (2006).
Alp is a municipality in the comarca of Cerdanya, Province of Girona, Catalonia, Spain.
In 2018, 1,559 people lived there.
Anhiers () is a commune in Nord in north France.
In 2018, 894 people lived there.
Bergues () is a commune in Nord in north France.
In 2018, 3,637 people lived there.
Aniche () is a commune in Nord in north France.
In 2018, 10,146 people lived there.
Cartignies is a commune.
"Chef Aid" is the fourteenth episode in the second season of the American animated television series South Park.
It is the 27th episode of the series overall.
It originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on October 7, 1998.
Trey Parker and Matt Stone wrote the episode and Parker directed it.
In the episode, Eric Cartman and Stan Marsh try to help Chef.
A music company sues Chef, so the boys hold a music festival to raise money.
They invite all the famous musicians Chef has known and helped in his life.
Chef believes Alannis Morisette has stolen a song he wrote, "Stinky Britches."
He calls the record company and asks them to put his name on the song.
But then the record company sues Chef for harassment.
They hire Johnnie Cochran as their lawyer.
Cochran uses his "Chewbacca defense."
That means he talks to the jury about the Star Wars character Chewbacca.
This confuses them, and Cochran wins.
The judge says Chef must pay a lot of money or else go to prison.
Stan Marsh, Kyle Bravlofski, Eric Cartman, and Kenny McCormick try to help Chef by selling candy bars.
Instead, they end up talking to famous musicians whom Chef has helped in the past.
Elton John says Chef helped him make better lyrics for his songs.
Ozzy Ozbourne says Chef inspired his bat performance.
Johnny Cochran sees how much people love Chef and agrees to be Chef's lawyer.
He uses the Chewbacca defense again and he wins.
The record company puts Chef's name on the song.
The crew made an album "Chef Aid: The South Park Album."
It has full versions of the songs made for the episode.
Not all of the songs were in the episode.
"Spookyfish" is the fifteenth episode of the second season of the American animated television series South Park.
It is the 28th episode of the series overall.
It first aired on Comedy Central in the United States on October 28, 1998.
Trey Parker wrote the episode.
In the episode, Stan's mother's Aunt Flo comes to stay.
She gives Stan a goldfish as a present.
But the goldfish is evil and kills people.
Stan's mother thinks it is Stan who has killed the people.
She hides the bodies.
Meanwhile, Cartman's double from another universe appears.
He is from an opposite universe where mean people are nice and nice people are mean, so this visiting Cartman is nice.
He helps the boys with their pumpkin carving contest.
He tries to help Stan and his friends defeat the evil fish.
All the characters from the evil universe have goatee beards, a reference to the "Mirror Mirror" episode of Star Trek.
There are three lists of Satellaview broadcasts, all sorted in the order of the alphabet: games, magazines and data broadcasts.
Because the Satellaview was only available in Japan, all titles are in Japanese and English translations are provided where possible.
This is a list of all official broadcasts, which were shown using the BS network from April 23, 1995 to June 30, 2000, including when St.GIGA worked with Nintendo (April 1995 - April 1999) and did not (April 1999 - June 2000).
Many broadcasts were shown in episodes, so many broadcast names looked like "Game Title 第X週" ("Game Title Dai-X-Shuu"), "X" being the week number.
Other broadcast names showed the exact date of the broadcast.
This often happened with Nintendo Power magazine broadcasts.
So each item can be shown once, broadcast names and the number of weeks unique episodes were broadcast are shown, including the dates they were first broadcast.
Some non-SoundLink Satellaview broadcasts came out for the Super Famicom, either first or at the same time.
115 of the 231 Satellaview broadcasts were games.
18 of the 231 Satellaview broadcasts were data.
98 of the 231 Satellaview broadcasts were magazines.
"Roger Ebert Should Lay Off the Fatty Foods" is the eleventh episode of the second season of the American animated television series South Park.
The 24th episode of the series overall, it originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on September 2, 1998.
The episode was written by Trey Parker, along with David Goodman, and directed by Parker.
In the episode, the class goes on a bus trip to the local planetarium.
Once arriving, Eric Cartman is tempted by a Cheesy Poofs truck parked outside, auditioning kids to sing the Cheesy Poofs song on their next television advertisement.
Cartman makes fun of film critic Roger Ebert (voiced by Joe Pesci) when he is revealed to be the owner of Cheesy Poofs.
Eric Cartman, Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Kenny McCormick, and the rest of their class go on a trip to the planetarium.
They learn that the planetarium scientist is using the projector to brainwash people.
"Merry Christmas, Charlie Manson!"
is the sixteenth episode of the second season of the American animated television series South Park.
It is the 29th episode of the series overall.
It first aired on Comedy Central in the United States on December 9, 1998.
Series creator Trey Parker wrote the episode with Nancy M. Pimental.
Eric Stough directed it.
In the episode, the boys go to Eric Cartman's grandmother's house in Nebraska.
They go there for the holidays.
Stan Marsh's parents tell him not to go because it is too far away, but he goes anyway.
Eric Cartman's uncle Howard escapes from prison with Charles Manson.
"Prehistoric Ice Man" is the eighteenth and last episode of the second season of the American animated television series South Park.
The 31st episode of the series overall, it first aired on Comedy Central in the United States on January 20, 1999.
In the episode, Stan, Kyle, Cartman, and Kenny go hunting for crocodiles after watching a Steve Irwin television program.
Instead of a crocodile, they find a man who has been frozen in the ice.
Dr. Mephesto helps them thaw him out, and he comes alive again.
Even though he was only frozen since 1996, the other characters treat the ice man as if he is from prehistoric times.
This episode makes fun of the 1984 movie Iceman.
"Cow Days" is the thirteenth episode of the second season of the American animated television series South Park.
The 26th episode of the series overall, it originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on September 30, 1998.
Series creator Trey Parker wrote the episode with writer David Goodman.
In "Cow Days," a couple named Tom and Mary win a trip to South Park from a game show.
They show up for South Park's "Cow Days" festival.
They are suprised that the festival is so small and simple.
Stan, Kyle, Kenny, and Cartman are at the festival.
In this episode, all the cows in South Park form a cult.
Eric Cartman is hit on the head and thinks he is a Vietnamese prostitute.
Saint Teresa Benedicta of the Cross (12 October 1891 – 9 August 1942), commonly known as Edith Stein, is a Catholic saint and martyr.
Stein was a Jew at birth but converted to Catholicism in 1922.
Eleven years later, in 1933, she became a nun.
She was a victim of the Holocaust; she was executed by Nazis in a gas chamber at Auschwitz in 1942.
Stein was one of the most important philosophers on Earth during her adult life.
Her work focused on phenomenology and the views of metaphysics held by Thomas Aquinas.
After her death, she was honored by the Roman Catholic Church.
On 1 May 1987, Pope John Paul II beatified Stein while visiting Cologne.
About eleven years later, on 11 October 1998, Pope John Paul II canonized her.
Dame Marilyn Joy Waring  (born 7 October 1952) is a New Zealand politician, environmentalist and feminist.
She is a key person in the founding of feminist economics.
In 1975, aged 23, she became New Zealand's youngest member of parliament for the liberal-conservative New Zealand National Party.
She is best known for her 1988 book If Women Counted.
In 2021 she was appointed by the World Health Organization as a member of the WHO Council on the Economics of Health For All.
Martin Lee Chu-ming, SC, JP (born 8 June 1938) is a Hong Kong politician and lawyer.
He is the founding chairman of the United Democrats of Hong Kong and the Democratic Party.
He was also a member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong from 1985 to 1997 and from 1998 to 2008.
Brook Maurio (née Busey; born June 14, 1978), known professionally by the pen name Diablo Cody, is an American writer and producer.
She wrote the screenplay for Juno (2007), winning the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay, the BAFTA Award for Best Original Screenplay, the Independent Spirit Award for Best First Screenplay, and the Writers Guild of America Award for Best Original Screenplay.
Halldór Kiljan Laxness (; born Halldór Guðjónsson; 23 April 1902 – 8 February 1998) was an Icelandic writer.
He won the 1955 Nobel Prize in Literature.
1919: Barn náttúrunnar (Child of Nature)
1924: Undir Helgahnúk (Under the Holy Mountain)
1927: Vefarinn mikli frá Kasmír (The Great Weaver from Kashmir)
1931: Þú vínviður hreini (O Thou Pure Vine) – Part I of Salka Valka
1932: Fuglinn í fjörunni (The Bird on the Beach) – Part II of Salka Valka
1933: Úngfrúin góða og Húsið (The Honour of the House), as part of Fótatak manna: sjö þættir
1934: Sjálfstætt fólk — Part I, Landnámsmaður Íslands (Icelandic Pioneers),  Independent People
1935: Sjálfstætt fólk – Part II, Erfiðir tímar (Hard Times), Independent People
1937: Ljós heimsins (The Light of the World) – Part I of Heimsljós (World Light)
1938: Höll sumarlandsins (The Palace of the Summerland) – Part II of Heimsljós (World Light)
1939: Hús skáldsins (The Poet's House) – Part III of Heimsljós (World Light)
1940: Fegurð himinsins (The Beauty of the Skies) – Part IV of Heimsljós (World Light)
1943: Íslandsklukkan (Iceland's Bell) – Part I of Íslandsklukkan (Iceland's Bell)
1944: Hið ljósa man (The Bright Maiden) – Part II of  Íslandsklukkan (Iceland's Bell)
1946: Eldur í Kaupinhafn (Fire in Copenhagen) – Part III of Íslandsklukkan (Iceland's Bell)
1948: Atómstöðin (The Atom Station)
1952: Gerpla (The Happy Warriors (1958) / Wayward Heroes (2016))
1957: Brekkukotsannáll (The Fish Can Sing)
1960: Paradísarheimt (Paradise Reclaimed)
1968: Kristnihald undir Jökli (Under the Glacier / Christianity at the Glacier)
1970: Innansveitarkronika (A Parish Chronicle)
1972: Guðsgjafaþula (A Narration of God's Gifts)
Eeva Irmeli Ahtisaari (née Hyvärinen, born 18 June 1936) is a Finnish teacher and historian.
He was the First Lady of Finland from 1994 to 2000.
She is married to the 10th President of Finland Martti Ahtisaari.
Bells is a city in Grayson County, Texas, United States.
Dorchester is a city in Grayson County, Texas, United States.
This is a list of prime ministers of Finland since the establishment of that office in 1917.
Knollwood is a city in Grayson County, Texas, United States.
Sadler is a city in Grayson County, Texas, United States.
Southmayd is a city in Grayson County, Texas, United States.
Whitesboro is a city in Grayson County, Texas, United States.
Juha Petri Sipilä (; born 25 April 1961) is a Finnish politician.
He was  Prime Minister of Finland from 2015 to 2019.
He was the leader of the Centre Party from 2012 to 2019.
Mari Johanna Kiviniemi (born 27 September 1968) is a Finnish politician.
She is the second female Prime Minister of Finland from 2010 to 2011.
On 25 August 2014, she became Deputy Secretary-General of the OECD.
Esko Tapani Aho (born 20 May 1954) is a Finnish politician.
He was Prime Minister of Finland from 1991 to 1995.
Anu Helena Vehviläinen (born 9 September 1963) is a Finnish politician for the Centre Party.
She became Speaker of the Finnish Parliament in 2020.
She was Finland's Minister of Local Government and Public Reforms from 2015 to 2019 as Minister of Transport from May to June 2019; and as Minister of Transport from 2007 to 2011.
Olli Ilmari Rehn (; born 31 March 1962) is a Finnish politician.
He became Governor of the Bank of Finland in 2018.
Rehn was Minister of Economic Affairs in Juha Sipilä's cabinet from 2015 until 2016, the European Commissioner for Enlargement from 2004 to 2010 and European Commissioner for Economic and Monetary Affairs and the Euro from 2010 to 2014.
Austin–Round Rock–San Marcos (or Greater Austin) is a five county metropolitan area in the U.S. state of Texas.
Pekka Olavi Haavisto (born 23 March 1958) is a Finnish politician.
He is a member of the Green League.
He became the Minister for Foreign Affairs since 2019.
Haavisto ran for President of Finland in 2012 and 2018.
Haavisto became the first openly gay candidate to run for the presidency of Finland.
Hacienda Heights is an unincorporated suburban community  in Los Angeles County, California, United States.
Paul Dryden Warfield (born November 28, 1942) is an American former professional football player.
He was a wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL) from 1964 to 1977 for the Cleveland Browns and Miami Dolphins.
James Alton  McDivitt (born June 10, 1929) is an American former test pilot, United States Air Force (USAF) pilot, aeronautical engineer, and NASA astronaut.
He flew in the Gemini and Apollo programs.
Heidemarie Wieczorek-Zeul (born 21 November 1942) is a German politician.
She is a member of the Social Democratic Party (SPD).
From 1979 until 1987, she was a member of the European Parliament.
Between 1998 until 2009, she was Federal Minister of Economic Cooperation and Development.
This article is a list of presidents of Finland.
Risto Heikki Ryti (; 3 February 1889 – 25 October 1956) was a Finnish politician.
He was the fifth President of Finland from 1940 to 1944.
He was also the 14th Prime Minister of Finland between 1939 until 1940.
Finnish Literature Society, Biographical Centre: Ryti, Risto (1889–1956) covered by Martti Turtola
Helsingin Sanomat: A silent president has his say covered by Markku Jokisipilä
Titanium dioxide, also known as titanium(IV) oxide or titania , is the naturally occurring oxide of titanium, chemical formula .
When used as a pigment, it is called titanium white, Pigment White 6 (PW6), or CI 77891.
Generally, it is made from ilmenite, rutile, and anatase.
It has a lot of uses, including paint, sunscreen, and food coloring.
When used as a food coloring, it has E number E171.
9 million tonnes of it were made in the world in 2014.
It is used in around two-thirds of all pigments, and pigments based on the oxide have a total value of around $13.2 billion.
Najla Bouden Romdhane (; born 1958) is a Tunisian geologist, academic and politician.
She has been the designated Prime Minister of Tunisia since 29 September 2021.
She is set to be the the first female prime minister in the Arab world.
She was Minister for Higher Education in 2011.
Omayr () also known by the kunya Abu Nasrani () and Abu Wahab () was a Christian soldier, who fought in the Battle of Karbala.
Omayr either belonged to the tribe of Banu al-Alim or the tribe of Banu Kalb.
He is known as the 'Christian Martyr of Karbala'.
Before being a soldier, Omayr was a well known businessman of Kufa.
Omayr is well-known for his courage and soldierly experience.
Omayr was a tall and masculine man with broad shoulders, who was held with very high esteem among his people.
Some sources suggest that Omayr's full name was Abdullah ibn Omayr ibn Wahab ibn Abu Wahab al-Kalbi ().
Al-Tabari suggests that Omayr was from the Banu al-Alim tribe.
According to Abu Makhnaf, when Kufis were preparing to fight Husayn, Omayr confronted them and asked them about their intentions.
Kufis told that they would fight Husayn and Omayr then went to his wife Wahab bint Abd and informed her of his intention.
It is reported that Umm Wahab said: "God has guided you to a good path, do so and take me with you".
So he went out with his wife at night and joined Husayn.
Omayr was inspired by Husayn’s spiritual charisma and was reluctant to leave him despite of being aware about the consequences of staying with Husayn.
In the Battle of Karbala, when Omayr asked for the permission for fighting, Husayn granted him permission believing him to be match for both the challengers.
Omayr stepped into the battlefield and the challengers asked his identity to which he introduced himself.
However they could not recognize him and asked either Zuhayr ibn Qayn, Habib ibn Muzahir or Burayr to fight them.
Yasir was standing nearby to whom Omayr said "You son of the adulteress!
Do you not wish to fight me?!"
saying this he attacked Yasir and engaged him in a sword duel but at the same time Salim charged at him with his sword.
Omayr while protecting himself lost fingers of his left hand and in retaliatory attack he killed Salim and Yasir.
After killing both of them he moved back to Husayn while reciting Martial poetry.
Omayr's wife Umm Wahab witnessed Omayr's assassination.
Omayr participated in the retaliatory attack when Al-Shimr attacked Al Husayn's right wing.
Omayr in that engagement killed 31 of them, of which 19 were horsemen and 12 were footmen.
His right hand was severed by Hani ibn Thabit and left hand by Bakr ibn Hayy having left without arms, he was taken captive and according to some sources, was a put on a cross.
Then, Omayr's head was cut off and thrown towards Husayn's camp.
According to Al-Tabari, Omayr became the second martyr in the Battle of Karbala.
After Omayr's head was thrown, his mother picked it up, took it and wiped her son's blood from it and then ran in the direction of the enemy forces.
Husayn sent her back saying that she was exempted from participating in Jihad.
Omayr's wife Wahab bint Abd went to his corpse and wiped out the dust and the dirt from his head as well as his face.
At this time, Shimr ibn Dhil's servant Rustam striked the woman's head with a spear, causing Umm Wahab to be killed.
After Wahab bint Abd was also killed, Omayr's mother is reported to have said "You wicked people!
I bear witness that the Christians in their churches are better people than you".
Omayr is highly honored by both Muslims and Christians for his sacrifice in the Battle of Karbala.
He is believed to be buried in the Imam Husayn Shrine in Karbala.
Every year, Muslims, as well as Christians, visit the site for commemoration on Ashura.
The Men's League for Women's Suffrage was a society formed in 1907 in London and was part of the women's suffrage movement in the United Kingdom.
These men wanted women to be allowed to vote.
Henry Brailsford, Charles Corbett, Henry Nevinson, Laurence Housman, C. E. M. Joad, Hugh Franklin, Henry Harben, Gerald Gould, Charles Mansell-Moullin, Israel Zangwill and 32 others started the society in London in 1907.
Graham Moffat founded the Northern Men's League for Women's Suffrage in Glasgow in 1907.
Moffat wrote a suffrage propaganda play, The Maid and the Magistrate.
Bertrand Russell stood as a suffrage candidate in the 1907 Wimbledon by election.
Women's Social and Political Union, which included male members in the "Men’s Political Union."
Women's suffrage societies
He was a leading member of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP).
He was foreign minister from 1982 to 1986.
He was the father of Prime Minister Shinzo Abe.
Abe was hospitalized in January 1991.
He died of heart failure at a Tokyo hospital on May 15, 1991 at aged 67.
The Million Dollar Hotel is a 2000 German American British drama movie directed by Wim Wenders and starring Jeremy Davies, Milla Jovovich, Mel Gibson, Jimmy Smits, Gloria Stuart, Amanda Plummer, Julian Sands, Peter Stormare, Conrad Roberts.
It also features the music of Bono.
The Red Rickshaw Revolution (RRR) is a project for women's empowerment in India.
The Vodafone Foundation, India, launched it.
It helps women with social development in India.
It began when three women left Delhi to go to Mumbai to raise money for NGOs working to empower Indian women.
They rode a red autorickshaw.
This trip of 1500 km began on 9 March 2013 and ended on 18 March 2013.
The rickshaw passed through Delhi, Haryana, Rajasthan, Gujarat and Maharashtra.
Laura Turkington started the Red Rickshaw Revolution.
She was then Director of the  in India.
Carina Deegan supported this activity of the foundation.
Sunita Chaudhary was the first female auto rickshaw driver in Delhi NCR.
The red rickshaw passed through cities like Alwar, Jaipur, Ajmer, Rajsamand, Shamlaji, Ahmedabad, Vadodara, Surat, Daman and Mumbai.
The Revolution raised funds for three NGOs- Apne Aap Women’s Collective (AAWC), Breakthrough and Corp India.
The initiative also aims to educate women about their rights and share the stories of successful women.
Dilemma of Two Angels (French: Impasse des Deux Anges) is a 1948 French crime comedy movie directed by Maurice Tourneur and starring Paul Meurisse, Simone Signoret, Marcel Herrand, Paul Demange, Jacques Castelot, Marcelle Praince, Paul Amiot, Reggie Nalder, Lucas Gridoux.
The Jāmiʿ al-tawārīkh (Persian/Arabic: , ) is a work of literature and history, produced in the Mongol Ilkhanate.
Written by Rashid-al-Din Hamadani (1247–1318 AD) at the start of the 14th century, large coverage of the work has caused it to be called "the first world history".
It was in three volumes and published in Arabic and Persian versions.
The surviving portions total approximately 400 pages of the original work.
The work describes cultures and major events in world history from China to Europe; in addition, it covers Mongol history, as a way of establishing their cultural legacy.
The early illustrated manuscripts  represent "one of the most important surviving examples of persian art in any medium", and are the largest surviving body of early examples of the Persian miniature.
The Jāmiʿ al-tawārīkh consists of four main sections of different lengths:
The Taʾrīkh-ī Ghazānī, the most extensive part, which includes:
The Mongol and Turkish tribes: their history, genealogies and legends
The history of the Mongols from Genghis Khan up to the death of Mahmud Ghazan
The second part includes:
The history of the reign of Öljaitü up to 1310 (no known copy)
The history of the non-Mongol peoples of Eurasia (a universal history from the time of Creation, following the organization of work of the Abbasid historian al-Tabari in his History of the Prophets and Kings, often referred to as at-Tabari's HIstory, and to the historic Muslim history of Qazi Beiza'i in the Neẓām al-tawārīkh:
Adam and the patriarchs
the kings of the pre-Islamic Iran
Muhammad and the Caliphs (Rashidun, Umayyad, Abbasid and Fatimid Caliphates)
the Islamic dynasties of Persia (Ghaznavids, the shahs of Khwarezm, the Isma'ili state of Alamut)
the Turkic peoples,
the History of China
Jewish history,
Frangistan (ie.,
Europe, primarily the Papal States and Holy Roman Empire)
the Indians.
The Shu'ab-i panjganah ("Five genealogies, of the Arabs, Jews, Mongols, Franks, and Chinese").
This text exists in two copies of the manuscript in the library of the Topkapı Palace in Istanbul (ms 2937), but has only been published on microfilm.
The Suwar al-aqalim, a geographical compendium.
Unfortunately, it has not survived in any known manuscript.
Rashid-al-Din Hamadani was born in 1247 at Hamadan, Iran into a Jewish family.
To write the Jāmiʿ al-tawārīkh, Rashid al-din based his work on many written and oral sources, some of which can be identified:
From Iran, it is very similar to work by Ata-Malik Juvayni, a Persian historian who wrote an account of the Mongol Empire entitled Tārīkh-i Jahāngushāy "History of the World-Conqueror".
Also from Iran, the Shahnameh is drawn upon.
Contemporary manuscripts
The Jāmiʿ al-tawārīkh was the center of an industry for a time, no doubt in part due to the political importance of its author.
The workshop was ordered to produce one manuscript each in Arabic and Persian every year, which were to be distributed to different cities.
Although approximately 20 of the first generation of manuscripts were produced, very few survive, which are described below.
Other later copies were made from the first set, with some illustrations and history added to match current events.
Edinburgh folios
The Edinburgh part has a page size of 41.5 × 34.2 cm, with a written area of 37 × 25 cm, and contains 35 lines per page written in Naskhi calligraphy.
There are some omissions: folios 1, 2, 70 to 170, and the end; and it is dated to 1306-1307, in a later inscription, which is nonetheless accepted.
The text comprises four parts: the history of Persia and pre-Islamic Arabia, the story of the Prophet and Caliphs, the history of the Ghaznavids, Seljuks and Atabeys, and the history of the sultans of Khwarezm.
This part of the manuscript was discovered in the 1800s by Duncan Forbes, who found it among the papers of Colonel John Baillie, so this section is sometimes referred to as "Baillie's collection".
Seventy rectangular miniatures adorn the manuscript, which reflect the cosmopolitan nature of Tabriz at the time of its production.
In this capital, a crossroads of trade routes and influences, and a place of great religious tolerance, Christian, Chinese, Buddhist and other models of painting all arrived to feed the inspiration of the artists.
Khalili folios
A new painter appears for the portraits of Chinese leaders, which uses special techniques that seem to mimic those of Yuan mural painters (according to S. Blair): an attention to line and wash, and the use of black and bright red.
This artist seems to be very familiar with China.
The folios are dated 1314, and it was transcribed and illustrated in Tabriz under the supervision of Rashid al-Din.
Persian manuscripts
There are two early 14th century copies in Persian in the Topkapi Palace Library, Istanbul.
MS H 1653, made in 1314, which includes later additions on the Timurid era for Sultan Shah Rukh.
The full collection, known as the Majmu'ah, contains Bal'ami's version of Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari's chronicle, the Jāmiʿ al-tawārīkh, and Nizam al-Din Shami's biography of Timur.
The portions of the Jāmiʿ cover most of the history of the Muhammad and the Caliphate, plus the post-caliphate dynasties of the Ghaznavids, Saljuqs, Khwarazmshahs and Is'mailis, and the Turks.
It contains 68 paintings in the Ilkhanid style.
MS H 1654, made in 1317, which includes 118 pictures, including 21 pages of portraits of Chinese emperors.
It was copied for Rashid al-Din, and like H 1653 was later owned by Shahrukh.
Later versions and manuscripts
"Rashid al-Din Tabib", in Encyclopedia of Islam, Brill, 1960 (2nd edition)
Allen, Terry, Byzantine Sources for the Jāmiʿ al-Tawārīkh of Rashīd Al-Dīn, 1985, Ars Orientalis, Vol.
121–136,
S. Blair, A compendium of chronicles : Rashid al-Din’s illustrated history of the world, 1995, 2006  (contains a complete set of the folios from Khalili collection, with discussion of the work as a whole)
Online text:
Hillenbrand, Robert, "Propaganda in the Mongol ‘World History’", 2010 Aspects of Art Lecture, British Academy
Paul Lunde and Rosalind Mazzawi, A History of the World, Saudi Aramco World, January 1981, describing the copy now in the Khalili collection
Folios from the Jami' al-tavarikh, Timeline of Art History, Metropolitan Museum of Art
Edinburgh pages in an exhibition at Cambridge
Online scan of the Edinburgh manuscript
Khalili Collection: The Jami‘ al-Tawarikh of Rashid al-Din
Devatasutra in the Arabic Compendium of Chronicles of Rashid al-Din
Persian art
Pranati Nayak is an Indian gymnast.
She was born on 6 April 1995.
She won a bronze medal in the vault event at the 2019 Asian Artistic Gymnastics Championships.
Until 2019, Minara Begum was Nayak's trainer and teacher.
When Minara Begum retired from the Sports Authority of India, Nayak trained with Laxman Manohar Sharma.
She was the only Indian gymnast to qualify for the 2020 Olympics.
Her father is a bus driver.
Nayak earned a continental quota spot to the 2020 Summer Olympics after the cancellation of the 2021 Asian Championships.
FIG athlete profile
I've Always Loved You is a 1946 American romantic drama movie directed by Frank Borzage and starring Philip Dorn, Catherine McLeod, Elizabeth Patterson, Vanessa Brown, Maria Ouspenskaya, Felix Bressart, Adele Mara.
My Dog Shep is a 1946 American drama movie directed by Ford Beebe and starring Flame, William Franum, Russell Simpson, Sarah Padden, Al St. John, Tom Neal, Craig Reynolds, Paul E. Burns.
It was followed by Shep Comes Home in 1948 also directed by Ford Beebe.
The purple and orange leaf frog (Calllimedusa duellmani) is a frog that lives in Peru.
Captain Marvel is a 2019 American superhero movie based on Marvel Comics, featuring the character Carol Canves / Captain Marvel.
Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures.
The movie starring by Brie Larson, Samuel L. Jackson, Ben Mendelsohn, Lee Pace, and much more.
A sequel called The Marvels, released in 2022.
Nari Shakti Puraskar () is an annual award.
It is given by the Ministry of Women and Child Development of the Government of India.
They give it to women or groups who do good work for women's empowerment.
It is the highest level of award given to women in India.
The President of India gives the awards on International women's day (March 8).
There is usually an event at the Rashtrapati Bhawan in New Delhi.
The awards started in 1999.
During that time, a title Stree Shakti Puraskar () was used.
Later, in 2015, the present title was used.
There are eight categories for the award, 6 for institutions and 2 for individual women.
The institutional awards have cash prizes of rupees 2 lakhs INR.
The individual awards have rupees 1 lakh INR.
Institutional categories
All the six institutional categories are named after popular notable women in Indian history.
Devi Ahilya Bai Holkar Award:- This award is named after Ahilyabai Holkar who was an 18th century Queen of Malwa Kingdom.
This award is given to the best Private Sector Organization (PSO) or public sector undertaking for promoting the welfare of women.
Kannagi Devi Award:- This award is named after Kannagi.
She is an important character in the Tamil epic Silapathikaram.
This award is given to the best state for improving the Child Sex Ratio (CSR).
Mata Jijabai Award:- This award is named after Mata Jijabai.
She is the mother of Shivaji, and founder of the Maratha Empire in the 17th century.
This award is given to the best urban local body for providing services and facilities to women.
Rani Gaidinliu Zeliang Award:- This award is named after Rani Gaidinliu.
She was a 20th century Naga political and spiritual leader from Manipur.
This award is given to the Civil Society Organization (CSO) for good works for the betterment and well being of women.
Rani Lakshmi Bai Award:- This award is named after Rani Lakshmi Bai, the warrior queen of Jhansi kingdom.
This award is given to the best institutions for research and development in women's empowerment.
Rani Rudramma Devi Award:- This award is named after Rani Rudramma Devi, the 13th century warrior queen of the Kakatiya dynasty in the Deccan Plateau.
It is given to two district Panchayats and two village Panchayats.
It is for the work regarding women's welfare.
Individual categories
The two individual categories of the award are:
Award for courage and bravery
Award for making outstanding contributions to women's endeavour, community work, or making a difference, or women's empowerment
Polyamory is the practice of being in a romantic or sexual relationship with more than one partner.
People who are polyamorous may be in an open relationship or may be in a closed group, which is also known as polyfidelity.
The word polyamory can be used as an umbrella term for relationships that are not monogamous, have multiple partners, or are non-exclusive.
Practice of polyamory
Polyamory can take many different forms, depending on the preferences of the people consenting.
GFMS (formally Gold Fields Mineral Services) are research and consultancy company for metal markets.
Since 2011 they have been part of Thomson Reuters.
As well as other commodities, they research gold, silver, platinum, palladium, and copper trading.
The consultancy’s main publication is the annual Gold Survey, which began in 1967.
Consolidated Gold Fields, a mining conglomerate that was later taken over by Hanson plc in 1989, originally started the Gold Survey.
After the take over, a company was formed the same year to continue the survey.
Between 1994 and 1998, the company was owned by Gold Fields of South Africa.
Between 1998 and 2003, the company was known as Gold Fields Mineral Services Limited.
In 1998, members of the research team completed a management buy out of GFMS from GFSA, and the consultancy gained full independence.
In 2002, GFMS became an associate member of the London Bullion Market Association.
In August 2011, GFMS was purchased by Thomson Reuters.
The execute chairperson Philip Klapwijk left the company.
In 2011, GFMS estimated 240 tonnes net sale of gold.
The company estimated that electronic waste recycling increase 14% between 2000 and 2014.
In 2016, they report a silver supply deficit.
In March 2017, GFMS reported that India's gold imports had increased to 50 tonnes; 82% higher than 2016.
Emerdata Limited is a political consulting company in London, formed in 2017.
Ex-employees of Cambridge Analytica and SCL moved to successor firms, these companies dissolved with acquisition by holding company Emerdata Limited.
The company is now owned by Rebekah Mercer and Jennifer Mercer according to Cambridge Analytica's bankruptcy filing in New York.
Cambridge Analytica was before owned by their family, including their father Robert Mercer, a computer scientist.
In July 2018 the Emerdata director was Jacquelyn James-Varga.
The Federal Trade Commission of the United States has imposed to sue Cambridge Analytica after misusing data scraped from 87 million social media users.
The company was soon bought by Emerdata Limited after the news on misappropriation of digital assets was publicized.
Arundhati Reddy is an Indian cricket player.
She was born on 4 October 1997.
In August 2018, she joined in the Indian Women's team for a series against Sri Lanka.
On 19 September 2018, she played her first T20 International cricket (WT20I) against Sri Lanka.
In October 2018, she joined the Indian team for the 2018 ICC Women's World T20 tournament in the West Indies.
In January 2020, she was selected in Indian team for the 2020 ICC Women's T20 World Cup in Australia.
In May 2021, she was a member of Indian women's cricket team for a single match against the England women's cricket team.
Sturgeon Bay is a city in and the county seat of Door County, Wisconsin, United States.
9,144 people lived here at the 2010 census.
Bordighera is a comune in the Province of Imperia in the Liguria region in Italy.
It is on the Italian Riviera.
Villefranche-sur-Mer, France, since 1956
Neckarsulm, Germany, since 1963
Albenga is a comune in the Province of Savona in the Liguria region in Italy.
Avegno is a comune in the Metropolitan City of Genoa in the Liguria region in Italy.
Campo Ligure is a comune in the Metropolitan City of Genoa in the Liguria region in Italy.
Bargagli is a comune in the Metropolitan City of Genoa in the Liguria region in Italy.
Stanisław Szozda (25 September 1950 – 23 September 2013) was an elite Polish cyclist.
He was born in Dobromierz, but since 1959 up until his death he has been living in Prudnik, where he graduated from primary school (1964) and agricultural engineering (1969).
He started his career in the cycling club Zarzewie Prudnik.
Franciszek Surmiński was his trainer there.
He ended his career after a spinal injury caused by a fall during the 1978 Peace Race.
Szozda died on 23 September 2013 at a hospital in Wrocław, Poland from stomach cancer, aged 62.
Neckarsulm is a city in the German state of Baden-Württemberg.
It is part of the district of Heilbronn.
Neckarsulm has about 26,400 inhabitants and is near Stuttgart.
Schwarz Group, which operates the grocery retailers Lidl and Kaufland, is headquartered in Neckarsulm.
Dörfles-Esbach is a municipality in the district of Coburg in Bavaria in Germany.
Ebersdorf bei Coburg (officially: Ebersdorf b.Coburg) is a municipality in the district of Coburg in Bavaria in Germany.
Großheirath is a municipality in the district of Coburg in Bavaria in Germany.
Grub am Forst (officially: Grub a.Forst) is a municipality in the district of Coburg in Bavaria in Germany.
European green toad is a species of toads found in steppes, mountainous seats.
These species are placed in genus Bufotes.
Milton is a city in King and Pierce counties in the U.S. state of Washington.
Pacific is a city in King and Pierce counties in the U.S. state of Washington.
Anneux () is a commune in Nord in north France.
In 2018, 266 people lived there.
Annœullin () is a commune in Nord in north France.
In 2018, 10,486 people lived there.
Biała Prudnicka is a town in Poland in Opole Voivodeship in Prudnik County.
About 2,500 people live there.
Its area is about 15 km².
Anstaing () is a commune in Nord in north France.
In 2018, 1,511 people lived there.
Głogówek is a town in Poland in Opole Voivodeship in Prudnik County.
About 5,600 people live there.
Its area is about 22 km².
Armentières () is a commune in Nord in north France.
In 2018, 24,778 people lived there.
Aubers () is a commune in Nord in north France.
In 2018, 1,655 people lived there.
Comines is a commune.
Warneton is a commune.
Comines can mean:
Comines-Warneton, a municipality in Hainaut, Belgium
Comines, Nord, a commune in the Nord department, France
Philippe de Commines or de Comines (1447-1511), writer and diplomat in the courts of Burgundy and France
Monchecourt is a commune.
Anzin () is a commune in Nord in north France.
In 2018, 13,303 people lived there.
Hemlata Kala  is an Indian cricket player.
She was born on 15 August 1975 in Agra, Uttar Pradesh.
She has played seven women's test matches and 74 women's one-day internationals.
She is a right-hand batsman and right-arm medium-fast bowler.
She plays her domestic cricket for North Central Railway.
In July 1999, she played her first international test match against England.
In June 1999, she played her first One-Day International against Ireland.
8th Most runs in a test match innings (by batting position) (110)
10th Most hundreds in a test career (2)
4th Highest partnership for the fifth wicket (133)
10th Highest test career batting average (50.30)
1st Fifties in consecutive test matches (5)
Feminism is the idea that different sexes and genders are equal in society, that no sex or gender is  better or worse than another.
Feminism wants women and men  to have equal status and equal rights in society.
Islamic feminism tries to bring these ideas to countries in which most people are Muslim.
People who are in favor of the idea  also say that there are several countries with Muslim majorities, where women had important roles: There were female heads of state, prime ministers, and state secretaries.
Examples of such women are Lala Shovkat of Azerbaijan, Benazir Bhutto of Pakistan, Mame Madior Boye of Senegal, Tansu Çiller of Turkey, Kaqusha Jashari of Kosovo, and Megawati Sukarnoputri of Indonesia.
In Bangladesh, Khaleda Zia was elected the country's first female prime minister in 1991.
She served as prime minister until 2009.
Sheikh Hasina replaced her.
Hasina is still prime minister in 2021.
This makes Bangladesh the country with the longest continuous female premiership.
Unlike other feminists, which are usually secular, Islamic feminists want to use Islam and its teachings for their ideas.
One of the things Islamic feminists want to reach is that men and women are truly equal in all aspects of daily life, and in society.
They also want to include non-Muslims in their view and debate.
Islamic scholars see Islamic feminism as more radical as secular feminism, because it uses Islam with the Quran as its most important text.
As a "school of thought" it refers to people such as Morocccan sociologist Fatema Mernissi and scholars such as Amina Wadud and Leila Ahmed.
Islamic feminists
Islamic feminists read the religious texts with a feminist perspective.
They can ground their arguments in Islam and its teachings.
They want gender justice and the full equality of women and men in the personal and public sphere.
They also want to include non-Muslims in this discussion.
Islamic scholars see Islamic feminism as more radical than secular feminism.
They also think that Islamic feminism is part of the teachings of Islam with the Quran as its central text.
Recently, more people have been talking about the concept of Islamic feminism.
Different groups in societies which are influenced by Islam wanted to get more support for some of their ideas and policies.
In addition, educated Muslim women want  their role in society to be more important.
Umm Yasmin, of the Centre for Muslim Minorities and Islam, says that feminism is often mistaken as a western movement.
According to  Yasmin, Muslim feminists have been active since the early nineteenth century.
They do not want to change the religion of Islam, but rather "promote gender equality within a secular society".
Yasmin also says that Muslim feminists have adapted their view:  Islam can be seen in context, in order to speak about  men and women being equal; for Islam doesn't condone violence against women.
Since the nineteenth century, both men and women have questioned the legal system regarding the Sharia Laws: These laws say  that women should wear a veil.
They limit their education, and have an  effect on women's seclusion, polygyny and concubinage.
In this context, seclusion means that women need to stay at home, and that they need to ask for permission to see or talk to other people outside the family.
Many Muslim women wanted to change these laws.
They have started schools for girls, and have been opposed to veiling and one man being married to several women.
In support of Yasmin's argument, Fatema Mernissi says that the fact that the ideal Muslim woman is shown as "silent and obedient" has nothing to do with the message of Islam.
In her view, conservative Muslim men manipulated the religious texts of the Qu'ran to keep their patriarchal system.
They did this to prevent women from breaking free, also sexually; with it, they justified a strict veiling and a limitation of women's rights.
Feminism in Islam
Margot Badran says that Islamic feminism gets its understanding and mandate from the Qu'ran.
According to her, it "seeks rights and justice for women, and for men, in [all] their existence."
In her writings, she explains that radical Islamists have corrupted Islam with the image of patriarchy and oppression to women.
This image is what the rest of the world sees and understands Islam to be.
Asma Barlas shares Badran's views.
In her works, she discusses the difference between secular and Islamic feminism.
According to her, "in countries where Muslims make up 98% of the population, it is not possible to avoid questioning 'its basic beliefs.'"
Fatima Seedat agrees with both Barlas and Badran about the importance of feminism in the Islamic world.
According to her, the term “Islamic feminism” is unnecessary since feminism is a “social practice, not merely of personal identity.”
Seedat thinks that bringing Islam and feminism together creates more conflict.
It allows  Islamists to interpret the Qur'an to suit their political needs.
She believes it is important to show how feminism has existed in the Qur'an.
In her view, keeping Islam and feminism separate is better for everyone.
In the same article, “Feminism, and Islamic Feminism: Between Inadequacy and Inevitability”, Seedat explains that the fact that such a term exists, separates Muslims and isolates them from the rest of the world and the feminist movement.
In her essay, she states that it is important to  share what Islam has to offer feminism with the rest of the world.
For this reason, Muslims who are feminists should not refer to themselves as Islamic feminists.
Moroccan writer and sociologist, Fatema Mernissi wrote the essay Beyond the Veil.
In it, she explores the oppressive status of women in Islam, sexual ideology and gender identity through the perspective of Moroccan society and culture.
Beyond the Veil  argues against the discourse on women's sexuality by breaking their silence with providing a voice against the dominance of male patriarchy.
Context in the Quran
The following qoutes show the parts of Qu'ran to put feminism in context:
“O mankind!
Fear your Lord Who (initiated) your creation from a single soul, then from it created its mate, and from these two spread (the creation of) countless men and women.”
(Qur’an, 4:1)Allah created both men and women as peers.
They were formed from the same soul and the same spiritual nature with neither superior to the other, as shown in the above verse"وَٱللَّهُ جَعَلَ لَكُم مِّنْ أَنفُسِكُمْ أَزْوَٰجًا وَجَعَلَ لَكُم مِّنْ أَزْوَٰجِكُم بَنِينَ وَحَفَدَةً وَرَزَقَكُم مِّنَ ٱلطَّيِّبَٰتِ أَفَبِٱلْبَٰطِلِ يُؤْمِنُونَ وَبِنِعْمَتِ ٱللَّهِ هُمْ يَكْفُرُونَ "
النحل ١٦:٧٢
"And Allah has made for you spouses of your own kind, and given you through your spouses children and grandchildren.
And He has granted you good, lawful provisions.
Are they then faithful to falsehood and ungrateful for Allah’s favours? (
72)" An-Nahl 16:72''وَٱلْمُؤْمِنُونَ وَٱلْمُؤْمِنَـٰتُ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلِيَآءُ بَعْضٍ ۚ يَأْمُرُونَ بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ وَيَنْهَوْنَ عَنِ ٱلْمُنكَرِ وَيُقِيمُونَ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَيُؤْتُونَ ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ وَيُطِيعُونَ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥٓ ۚ أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ سَيَرْحَمُهُمُ ٱللَّهُ ۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ''
9:71
The believers, both men and women, support each other; they order what is right and forbid what is wrong; they keep up the prayer and pay the prescribed alms; they obey God and His Messenger.
God will give His mercy to such people: God is almighty and wise. —
Abdul Haleem''  3:195 فَٱسْتَجَابَ لَهُمْ رَبُّهُمْ أَنِّى لَآ أُضِيعُ عَمَلَ عَـٰمِلٍ مِّنكُم مِّن ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنثَىٰ ۖ بَعْضُكُم مِّنۢ بَعْضٍ ۖ فَٱلَّذِينَ هَاجَرُوا۟ وَأُخْرِجُوا۟ مِن دِيَـٰرِهِمْ وَأُوذُوا۟ فِى سَبِيلِى وَقَـٰتَلُوا۟ وَقُتِلُوا۟ لَأُكَفِّرَنَّ عَنْهُمْ سَيِّـَٔاتِهِمْ وَلَأُدْخِلَنَّهُمْ جَنَّـٰتٍ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا ٱلْأَنْهَـٰرُ ثَوَابًا مِّنْ عِندِ ٱللَّهِ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ عِندَهُۥ حُسْنُ ٱلثَّوَابِ  ''
3:195
Then their Lord responded to them, "I do not waste the deed of any doer among you, any male or female.
The one of you is as the other (Literally: some of you from some others).
So, the ones who emigrated, and were driven out of their residences, and were hurt in My way, and fought, and were killed, indeed I will definitely expiate them of their odious deeds, and indeed I will definitely cause them to enter Gardens from beneath which Rivers run."
A requital from (the Providence of) Allah; and Allah has in His Providence the fairest requital. —
Dr. Ghali
Khawla bint al-Azwar, was a legendary female Muslim warrior/soldier during the life of the prophet Mohammad.
Her brother, Dhiraar al-Azwar, trained her to fight and she fought with him in many battles.
Because soldiers wore loose clothing, and wrapped themselves in cloth to protect themselves from the sand and dust, the fact that she was a woman was not known.
After she had shown her talent and skill in fighting, she told the men who were close by.
History and context
According to Ahmed Elewa and Laury Silvers, many people have used Islamic tradition of the past 150 years to try to correct social errors done against Muslim women.
According to them, a new form of Islamic law is being developed, to forbid practices such as  female genital mutilation.
People developing this law also want to make family codes (Personal law) equal, allow women to become clergy, or to help in mosques in other ways.
They want women to be able to become judges in civil and religious institutions.