the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
It is in a very dry environment, so farmers can only have about one sheep for three to four hectares of land.
Hawker is  south of Wilpena Pound.
This is a unique natural dish-shaped range of hills popular with tourists.
It is also close to the spectacular scenery of the Southern Flinders Ranges.
The Hawker Racing Club an annual horse race meeting which includes the Hawker Cup in late May which attracts many people from around the area.
Climate Statistics for Hawker, Bureau of Meteorology, Accessed 23/04/2007
Official Hawker website
Flinders Ranges website - Hawker
Edward Higgins "Ed" White II (November 14, 1930 – January 27, 1967) was an American test pilot and astronaut.
On June 3, 1965, White flew into space as pilot of Gemini 4.
This was the second trip by astronauts in NASA's Project Gemini.
White was able to get out of his spaceship in outer space, an activity called a spacewalk, then get back in and come home. (
The trip lasted until June 7, 1965.
Spacefacts biography of Ed White
Scientists from San Antonio, Texas
Roger Bruce Chaffee (February 15, 1935 – January 27, 1967) was an American test pilot and astronaut.
He worked with the space program on the ground, helping astronauts who were flying in space.
He talked to Gemini 4 during its mission, and NASA trusted him to fly special research jets to learn about how rockets worked.
Spacefacts biography of Roger Chaffee
People from Grand Rapids, Michigan
A test pilot is a person who drives an aircraft (such as an airplane or spacecraft) in ways that allow the aircraft to be tried out.
The methods a test pilot uses to try out an aircraft are called "flight test techniques" (FTTs).
The pilot uses the FTTs to find out if the aircraft works well or not.
Test pilots may work for the military or for a company.
Flying military aircraft in order to test them is the most difficult and dangerous kind of flying other than flying in war.
In the 1950s, one test pilot died in an accident every week or so, but many fewer die today.
This is because aircraft technology has been improved and because more testing is done on the ground rather than in the air.
Also, unmanned aerial vehicles are now often used for testing.
Still, the job of test pilot is more dangerous than other jobs for pilots.
Understand a test plan;
Follow a test plan while flying a plane;
Record the results of each test;
Sense how the aircraft is behaving oddly, if it is doing so;
Solve problems quickly if anything goes wrong with the aircraft during a test;
Solve many different problems at once.
Communicate flight test results to engineers and other pilots.
Test pilots must know about aerospace engineering in order to know how and why planes are tested.
They must be more skilled than most other pilots.
Test flying became important during World War I, at the Royal Aircraft Establishment (RAE) in the United Kingdom.
During the 1920s, more test flying was done by the RAE in the United Kingdom, and by the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) in the United States.
In the 1950s, NACA changed into the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).
Test flying became more scientific during these years.
The world's oldest school for test pilots is the Empire Test Pilots' School at MoD Boscombe Down in the United Kingdom.
In America, the U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School is at Edwards Air Force Base in California.
The United States Naval Test Pilot School is at Naval Air Station Patuxent River in Maryland.
The school for test pilots in France is the École du personnel navigant d'essais et de réception (EPNER) in Istres, France.
The only test pilot school for civilian (non-military) pilots in the United States is the National Test Pilot School in Mojave, California.
Famous test pilots
Howard Hughes, American businessman and movie producer.
Hughes test flew aircraft which were built by his company, Hughes Aircraft, and bought by his airline, TWA.
Chuck Yeager, World War II fighter ace.
On October 14, 1947, Yeager became the first person to fly faster than the speed of sound.
Neil Armstrong, X-15 pilot and NASA astronaut.
Armstrong was the first person to walk on the moon.
Charles Bolden, the current Administrator of NASA and a former NASA astronaut.
The Society of Experimental Test Pilots
Society of Flight Test Engineers
Empire Test Pilots School , United Kingdom
National Test Pilot School, Mojave, California
U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School , Edwards AFB, California
U.S. Naval Test Pilot School , NAS Patuxent River, Maryland
EPNER
James Lankford (born March 4, 1968) is the junior United States Senator from Oklahoma.
He is a member of the U.S. Republican Party and has been in Senate since January 3, 2015.
He was in the United States House of Representatives from 2011 to 2015.
Lankford was born on March 4, 1968 in Dallas, Texas.
He studied at University of Texas, Austin and at Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary.
He is married to Cindy Lankford.
James Lankford, U.S. Senator for Oklahoma, Home Page
Steve Daines (born August 20, 1962) is the junior United States Senator from Montana.
He was in the United States House of Representatives from 2013 to 2015.
Daines was born on August 20, 1962 in Van Nuys, California.
He graduated from the Montana State University, Bozeman.
He is married to Cindy Daines.
Steve Daines, U.S. Senator for Montana, Home Page
People from Bozeman, Montana
Shanghai Tower () is a , 128-story megatall skyscraper in Shanghai.
As of 2015, it is the world's tallest building, by height to highest usable floor (Level 121: 561.25m).
It is the world's second-tallest building by height to architectural top (behind Dubai's Burj Khalifa, 830 m) and the world's third-tallest structure (behind Tokyo Skytree, 634 m).
Designed by international design firm Gensler and owned by the Shanghai city government, it is the tallest of the world's first triple-adjacent super-tall buildings in Pudong, the other two being the Jin Mao Tower and the Shanghai World Financial Center.
Its tiered construction, designed for high energy efficiency, provides nine separate zones divided between office, retail and leisure use.
Construction work on the tower began in November 2008 and topped out on 3 August 2013.
The exterior was completed in summer 2015, and work was considered complete in September 2015.
Although the building was originally scheduled to open to the public in November 2014, the actual public-use date slipped considerably.
The observation deck was opened to visitors in July 2016; the period from July through September 2016 was termed a "test run" or "commissioning" period.
The volcanoes of South America are part of the Pacific Ring of Fire.
Most of them are along the backbone of the Andes.
The Andes, together with the volcanoes, has been produced by the movement of the Americas towards the west.
This has been happening for a long time, certainly 60 million years or more.
This continental drift leads to subduction of oceanic plates beneath the continental plates of the land mass.
In turn, this produced the mountain ranges (orogeny) and the volcanic activity.
A rather different cause is at work on the Galápagos Islands.
There, a hotspot under the plate caused the islands and their volcanoes to rise up from the sea floor.
The country of Bolivia hosts numerous active and extinct volcanoes across its territory.
The active volcanoes are located in western Bolivia where they make up the western limit of the Altiplano plateau.
Many of the active volcanoes are international mountains shared with Chile.
Apart from Andean volcanoes, Bolivia has the remnants of ancient volcanoes around the Precambrian Guaporé Shield in the eastern part of the country.
Earthquake activity in Chile is related to subduction of the Nazca Plate to the east.
Chile notably holds the record for the largest earthquake ever recorded, the 1960 Valdivia earthquake.
Villarrica, one of Chile's most active volcanoes, rises above Villarrica Lake and the town of Villarrica.
It is the westernmost of three large stratovolcanoes that trend perpendicular to the Andean chain.
A 6-km wide caldera formed during the late Pleistocene, >0.9 million years ago.
The Llaima Volcano is one of the largest and most active volcanoes in Chile.
It is situated 82 km northeast of Temuco and 663 km southeast of Santiago, within the borders of Conguillío National Park.
Llaima’s activity has been documented since the 17th century, and consists of several separate episodes of moderate explosive eruptions with occasional lava flows.
The last major eruption occurred in 1994.
Lascar Volcano is a stratovolcano, the most active volcano of the northern Chilean Andes.
The largest eruption of Lascar took place about 26,500 years ago.
Frequent small-to-moderate explosive eruptions have been recorded from Lascar in historical times since the mid-19th century.
Villarrica, is one of only five volcanoes worldwide known to have an active lava lake inside its crater.
The volcano usually generates strombolian eruptions, with ejection of fiery pyroclasts and lava flows.
Melting of snow and glacier ice as well as rainfalls often cause massive lahars (mud and debris flows), such as during the eruptions of 1964 and 1971.
Cotopaxi is a stratovolcano in the Andes Mountains, about  south of Quito, Ecuador, South America.
It is the second highest summit in the country, reaching a height of .
Some consider it the world's highest active volcano.
Others give this status to the much higher Llullaillaco, which most recently erupted in 1877 and is one of Ecuador's most active volcanoes.
Since 1738, Cotopaxi has erupted more than 50 times, resulting in the creation of numerous valleys formed by lahars (mudflows) around the volcano.
In October 1999, Pichincha Volcano erupted in Quito and covered the city with several inches of ash.
Before that, the last major eruptions were in 1553  and in 1660, when about 30 cm of ash fell on the city.
At 5230 meters, Sangay Volcano  is an active [stratovolcano] in central Ecuador.
It is one of the highest active volcanoes in the world and one of Ecuador's most active ones, erupting three times in recorded history.
It shows mostly Strombolian  activity.
The most recent eruption, which started in 1934, is still ongoing.
Geologically, Sangay marks the southern bound of the Northern Volcanic Zone, and its position straddling two major pieces of crust accounts for its high level of activity.
Sangay's approximately 500,000 year old history is one of instability.
Two previous versions of the mountain were destroyed in massive flank collapses, evidence of which still litters its surroundings today.
Sangay is one of two active volcanoes located in the namesake Sangay National Park, the other being Tungurahua to the north.
The Park has been listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1983.
Reventador is an active stratovolcano which lies in the eastern Andes of Ecuador.
Since 1541 it has erupted over 25 times with most recent eruption in 2009, but the largest historical eruption occurred in 2002.
During that eruption the plume from the volcano reached a height of 17 km and pyroclastic flows went up to 7 km from the cone.
On March 30, 2007, the mountain spewed ash again.
The ash reached a height of about two miles (3 km, 11,000 ft).
The Galápagos Islands are an isolated set of volcanoes, consisting of shield volcanoes and lava plateaus,  west of Ecuador.
They are driven by the Galápagos hotspot, and are between 4.2 million and 700,000 years of age.
The largest island, Isabela Island, consists of six coalesced shield volcanoes, each delineated by a large summit caldera.
Española, the oldest island, and Fernandina, the youngest, are also shield volcanoes, as are most of the other islands in the chain.
The Galápagos Islands are perched on a large lava plateau known as the Galápagos Platform.
This platform creates a shallow water depth of  at the base of the islands, which stretch over a -long diameter.
Since Charles Darwin's famous visit to the islands in 1835, there have been over 60 recorded eruptions in the islands, from six different shield volcanoes.
Of the 21 emergent volcanoes, 13 are considered active.
Blue Hill  is a shield volcano on the south western part of Isabela Island in the Galápagos Islands and is one of the most active in the Galapagos, with the last eruption between May and June 2008.
The Galápagos islands are geologically young for such a big chain, and the pattern of their rift zones follows one of two trends, one north-northwest, and one east-west.
The composition of the lavas of the Galápagos shields are strikingly similar to those of the Hawaiian volcanoes.
How exactly the islands were formed remains a geological mystery, although several theories have been fronted.
Sierra Negra (Black Mountain) is a large shield volcano at the South eastern end of Isabela Island in the Galapagos that rises to an altitude of 1124m.  It coalesces with the volcanoes Cerro Azul to the west and Alcedo to the north.
The volcano is one of the most active in the Galapagos, with the last eruption starting on 22 October 2005 and lasting until 30 October 2005.
Alcedo Volcano is one of the six coalescing shield volcanoes that make up Isabela Island in the Galapagos.
The remote location of the volcano has meant that even the most recent eruption in 1993 was not recorded until two years later.
Fernandina Island (formerly known in English as Narborough Island, after John Narborough) is the third largest, and youngest, island of the Galápagos Islands.
Like the others, the island was formed by the Galápagos hotspot.
The island is an active shield volcano that has been erupting since April 11, 2009.
Sabancaya is an active  stratovolcano in the Andes of southern Peru, about  northwest of Arequipa.
It is the most active volcano in Peru with an ongoing eruption that started in August 2014 and is continuing.
Ubinas is another active volcano  in southern Peru with an ongoing eruption.
Until 2006, this stratovolcano had not erupted for about 40 years.
On April 23, 2006, Peru declared a state of emergency in towns near the volcano.
On April 28, 2014, Despite a recent decline in earthquakes, Ubinas Volcano erupted an ash plume on April 28, 2014.
Cory Gardner (born August 22, 1974) was the United States Senator from Colorado from 2015 to 2021.
He is a member of the U.S. Republican Party.
Gardner has been in Senate since January 3, 2015.
From 2002 to 2005 he was a member of the staff of U.S. Senator Wayne Allard.
Gardner was born on August 22, 1974 in Yuma, Colorado.
He studied at Colorado State University.
He graduated from the University of Colorado Law School in 2001.
He is married to Jaime Gardner.
Cory Gardner, U.S. Senator for Colorado, Home Page
Wayne Allard (born December 2, 1943) was a Republican U.S. Senator from Colorado.
He served in the United States Senate from 1997 to 2009.
He was in the United States House of Representatives from 1991 to 1997.
In 2003, Allard tried to make same-sex marriage illegal.
In April 2006 , Time called Allard one of America's 5 Worst Senators.
Time called him "The Invisible Man".
Allard was born on December 2, 1943 in Fort Collins, Colorado.
He graduated from the Colorado State University.
He is married to Joan Malcolm.
Pete Domenici (May 7, 1932 – September 13, 2017) was a Republican U.S. Senator from New Mexico.
He served in the United States Senate from 1973 to 2009.
He was Mayor of Albuquerque from 1967 to 1970.
Domenici was born on May 7, 1932 in Albuquerque, New Mexico.
He studied at University of New Mexico and at University of Denver.
He was married to Nancy Burk Domenici until his death in 2017.
Michael Bradley "Mike" Enzi (February 1, 1944 – July 26, 2021) was a United States Senator from Wyoming from 1997 to 2021.
Enzi was born on February 1, 1944 in Bremerton, Washington.
He studied at George Washington University and at University of Denver.
He was married to Diana Buckley.
Enzi was a super-conservative, the term used for an extremely conservative person.
Six months after retiring from the Senate, Enzi was in a bicycle accident on July 23, 2021 in which he broke his neck and several ribs.
He died three days later at a hospital in Loveland, Colorado, aged 77.
Mike Enzi, U.S. Senator for Wyoming, Home Page
Mike Crapo (born May 20, 1951) is the senior United States Senator from Idaho.
He is a member of the U.S. Republican Party and has been in Senate since January 3, 1999.
He was in the United States House of Representatives from 1993 to 1999.
Crapo was born on May 20, 1951 in Idaho Falls, Idaho.
He studied at Brigham Young University and at Harvard Law School.
He is married to Susan Hasleton.
Mike Crapo, U.S. Senator for Idaho, Home Page
James Elroy Risch (born May 3, 1943) is the junior United States Senator from Idaho.
He is a member of the U.S. Republican Party and has been in Senate since January 3, 2009.
Risch was born on May 3, 1943 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
He graduated from the University of Idaho.
He is married to Vicki Risch.
Jim Risch, U.S. Senator for Idaho, Home Page
Dirk Kempthorne (born October 29, 1951) was the United States Secretary of the Interior.
Kempthorne was the 30th Governor of Idaho.
Kempthorne was born on October 29, 1951 in San Diego, California.
He is married to Patricia Kempthorne.
Mike Rounds (born October 24, 1954) is the junior United States Senator from South Dakota.
Rounds was born on October 24, 1954 in Huron, South Dakota.
He graduated from the South Dakota State University.
He was married to Jean Vedvei from 1978 until her death in 2021.
Mike Rounds, U.S. Senator for South Dakota, Home Page
Thom Tillis (born August 30, 1960) is the junior United States Senator from North Carolina.
He was in the North Carolina House of Representatives from 2007 to 2015.
Tillis was born on August 30, 1960 in Jacksonville, Florida.
He graduated from the University of Maryland University College.
He is married to Susan Tillis.
Thom Tillis, U.S. Senator for North Carolina, Home Page
John Barrasso (born July 21, 1952) is the senior United States Senator from Wyoming.
He is a member of the U.S. Republican Party and has been in Senate since June 25, 2007.
He was in the Wyoming Senate from 2003 to 2007.
Barrasso was born on July 21, 1952 in Reading, Pennsylvania.
He graduated from the Georgetown University.
He is married to Bobbi Brown.
John Barrasso, U.S. Senator for Wyoming, Home Page
Dean Heller (born May 10, 1960) is an American politician.
He was the United States Senator from Nevada.
He is a member of the U.S. Republican Party and was in the Senate from May 9, 2011 to January 3, 2019.
He was in the United States House of Representatives from 2007 to 2011.
In September 2021, Heller announced his candidacy for the Republican nomination for Governor of Nevada in the 2022 election.
Heller was born on May 10, 1960 in Castro Valley, California.
He graduated from the University of Southern California.
He is married to Lynne Heller.
Don Nickles (born December 6, 1948) was a Republican U.S. Senator from Oklahoma.
He served in the United States Senate from 1981 to 2005.
He was in the Oklahoma Senate from 1979 to 1981.
Nickles was born on December 6, 1948 in Ponca City, Oklahoma.
He graduated from the Oklahoma State University.
He is married to Linda Lou Morrison Nickles.
Bill Frist (born February 22, 1952) is a former Republican U.S. Senator from Tennessee.
He served in the United States Senate from 1995 to 2007.
Frist was born on February 22, 1952 in Nashville, Tennessee.
He studied at Princeton University and at Harvard Medical School.
He is married to Tracy Roberts Frist.
Politicians from Nashville, Tennessee
Businesspeople from Nashville, Tennessee
David Perdue (born December 10, 1949) is an American politician and businessman.
He was the United States Senator from Georgia from January 3, 2015 until January 3, 2021.
Perdue was born on December 10, 1949 in Macon, Georgia.
The Perdue family had been wealthy in Georgia for some time, owning land and slaves during the 19th century.
David Perdue graduated from the Georgia Institute of Technology.
He is married to Bonnie Dunn Perdue, and they have two children.
His cousin Sonny Perdue is the United States Secretary of Agriculture.
He ran for re-election in 2020 against Democratic candidate Jon Ossoff.
As neither candidate received more than 50% of the vote in the November 3 election, they face each other on the January 5, 2021 runoff election where Perdue lost to Ossoff.
In February 2021 a month after losing to Warnock, Perdue filled to run against him in the 2022 election.
However, a week later he announced that he would not run for the senate.
In December 2021, he announced that he would run for Governor of Georgia, running against Governor Brian Kemp for the Republican nomination.
David Perdue, U.S. Senator for Georgia, Home Page
Jim DeMint (born September 2, 1951) an American politician.
He was the United States Senator from South Carolina.
He served as senator from 2005 to 2013.
DeMint was born on September 2, 1951 in Greenville, South Carolina.
He studied at University of Tennessee, Knoxville and at Clemson University.
He is married to Debbie Henderson.
Tom Cotton (born May 13, 1977) is the junior United States Senator from Arkansas.
Cotton has been in Senate since January 3, 2015.
Cotton was born on May 13, 1977 in Dardanelle, Arkansas.
He graduated from the Harvard University and attended, but did not graduate from, Claremont Graduate University.
Tom Cotton, U.S. Senator for Arkansas, Home Page
Ben Sasse (born February 22, 1972) is the junior United States Senator from Nebraska.
Sasse was born on February 22, 1972 in Plainview, Nebraska.
He studied at Harvard University, St. John's College, Maryland and at Yale University.
On February 13, 2021 Sasse voted that no longer Republican President Donald Trump was guilty of starting the 2021 storming of the United States Capitol.
Ben Sasse, U.S. Senator for Nebraska, Home Page
John Boozman (born December 10, 1950) is the senior United States Senator from Arkansas.
He is a member of the U.S. Republican Party and has been in Senate since January 3, 2011.
He was in the United States House of Representatives from 2001 to 2011.
Boozman was born on December 10, 1950 in Shreveport, Louisiana.
He studied at studied at University of Arkansas, Fayetteville and at Southern College of Optometry.
He is married to Cathy Boozman.
John Boozman, U.S. Senator for Arkansas, Home Page
Tim Hutchinson (born August 11, 1949) is a Republican former United States Senator from the state of Arkansas.
He was in the United States House of Representatives from 1993 to 1997.
He served one term as a senator, from 1997 to 2003.
He lost his bid for reelection in 2002.
Hutchinson was born on August 11, 1949 in Bentonville, Arkansas.
He was one of six children born to John Malcolm Hutchinson Sr.
and Coral Hutchinson.
His uncle Asa Hutchinson is Governor of Arkansas.
They are descendants of slave owners who migrated from South Carolina to Arkansas in 1858.
Hutchinson studied at studied at Bob Jones University and at University of Arkansas.
In 1970 he married Donna Jean King.
Hutchinson was divorced from his wife after rumors he had an affair.
In 2000, he secondly married a member of his staff, Randi Fredholm.
Hutchinson is an ordained minister in the Baptist church.
Senator Tim Hutchinson — Dickstein Shapiro LLP
Priming is an implicit memory effect in which exposure to one stimulus influences the response to another stimulus.
Experiments in the early 1970s showed that people were faster recognising a word, when the word followed a related word.
For example, NURSE is recognized more quickly following DOCTOR than following BREAD.
Activation spreading among related ideas was the best explanation for this effect.
In experiments the same target stimuli can be presented with different primes.
This allows the priming effect to be measured.
Priming can occur following  perceptual, semantic, or conceptual stimulus repetition.
For example, if a person reads a list of words including the word table, and is later asked to complete a word starting with tab, the probability that he or she will answer table is greater than if they are not primed.
Another example is if people see an incomplete sketch they are unable to identify and they are shown more of the sketch until they recognize the picture, later they will identify the sketch at an earlier stage than was possible for them the first time.
Priming effects are independent of simple recognition memory.
Unconscious priming effects can affect word choice on a word-stem completion test long after the words have been consciously forgotten.
Priming works best when the two stimuli are in the same modality.
For example, visual priming works best with visual cues and verbal priming works best with verbal cues.
But priming also occurs between modalities, or between semantically related words such as "doctor" and "nurse".
Implicit memory is a part of memory where previous experiences of how to do a task helps with doing the task again.
Implicit memory is unconscious memory: the person or animal performing the task is not aware of the presence of implicit memory.
Evidence for implicit memory occurs in priming, a process where subjects are measured by how they have improved their performance on tasks for which they have been subconsciously prepared.
Implicit memory also leads to the illusion-of-truth effect.
Subjects are more likely to say statements that they have already heard are true, regardless of their actual truth.
In daily life, people rely on implicit memory every day in the form of procedural memory.
This is the kind of memory which allows people to remember how to tie their shoes or ride a bicycle without consciously thinking about these activities.
Research into implicit memory indicates that it operates through a different mental process than explicit memory.
Scott Brown (born September 12, 1959) is an American attorney and politician.
He was the United States Ambassador to New Zealand from June 8, 2017 until December 20, 2020.
He was a United States Senator from the state of Massachusetts from 2010 to 2013.
Brown was born on September 12, 1959 in Kittery, Maine.
He studied at Tufts University and at Boston College.
On February 17, 2017, news media outlets reported that Brown was under consideration by President Donald Trump to be the U.S. ambassador to New Zealand.
On April 20, 2017, it was reported that he was chosen to be the next Ambassador to New Zealand.
On June 8, 2017, the United States Senate confirmed his nomination to a 94-4 vote.
He resigned on December 20, 2020.
2010 Campaign Website, archived October 16, 2014
Models from Maine
Jeffry Lane Flake (born December 31, 1962) is an American politician.
Flake is the United States Ambassador to Turkey since 2022.
He was the United States Senator from Arizona.
He was in the Senate from January 3, 2013 to January 3, 2019.
He was in the United States House of Representatives from 2001 to 2013.
Flake was born on December 31, 1962 in Snowflake, Arizona.
He graduated from the Brigham Young University.
He is married to Cheryl.
In July 2021, President Joe Biden nominated Flake to serve as the United States Ambassador to Turkey.
Flake was confirmed by the Senate by voice vote on October 26, 2021.
The Bucharest Botanical Garden () is a park in the Cotroceni neighbourhood of Bucharest, Romania.
It has a surface area of 17.5 hectares (including 4,000 m² of greenhouses), and has more than 10,000 species of plants.
The first botanical garden in Bucharest was founded in 1860 near the Medicine Faculty by Carol Davila.
Its first director was the botanist Ulrich Hoffmann, followed six years later by Dimitrie Grecescu.
The garden was eventually moved to its current location in 1884 by Dimitrie Brândză, a Romanian botanist, and Fuchs, a Belgian landscape architect.
The gardens were opened in 1891, when the building of the greenhouses finished.
The garden was damaged during World War I, when it was used by the German occupation troops, and during World War II when it was hit by Anglo-American bombardments.
In economics, barriers to entry (also known as barrier to entry) refers to the things that makes it difficult for a firm or a person to enter a market.
These are called obstacles and makes it harder for a firm or a person to enter a market.
Examples of barriers to entry include government regulation for firms and the need for a certain level of education for a person.
Barriers to entry helps to protect existing firms in the market from new firms entering a market and thus reduces competition in the market, which causes prices to be higher than what is accepted by society.
Monopolies and market power is thus formed due to the existence of barriers to entry.
George Stigler defined barriers to entry as "A cost of producing which must be borne by a firm which seeks to enter an industry but is not borne by firms already in the industry."
Franklin M. Fisher defined it as "anything that prevents entry when entry is socially beneficial."
Joe S. Bain defined its as anything that allows incumbent firms to earn supernormal profits without threat of entry.
Volodymyr Mykhailovych Ivasyuk (March 4, 1949 – May 18, 1979) - was an iconic Ukrainian songwriter, composer and poet.
He is the author and composer of the widely popular song "Chervona Ruta" popularized by Sofia Rotaru in 1971, and later covered by other singers.
Ivasyuk was born in the city of Kitsman, Chernivtsi Oblast, on March 4, 1949.
His father Mykhaylo Ivasyuk was a well-known writer from Bukovyna.
Songs of Volodymyr Ivasyuk
Roy Blunt (born January 10, 1950) is the senior United States Senator from Missouri.
He was in the United States House of Representatives from 1997 to 2011.
Blunt was born on January 10, 1950 in Niangua, Missouri.
He studied at Southwest Baptist University and at Missouri State University, Springfield.
He is married to Abigail Perlman.
Roy Blunt, U.S. Senator for Missouri, home page
United States representatives from Missouri
The 2015 CONCACAF Gold Cup was the 13th edition of the CONCACAF Gold Cup.
It took place in the United States and Canada.
Ranking of third placed teams
Third place playoff
Duckens Nazon
Darren Mattocks
Giles Barnes
Garath McCleary
Luis Tejada
Keron Cummings
Maikel Reyes
Carlos Discua
Andy Najar
Rodolph Austin
Jobi McAnuff
Jesús Corona
Roberto Nurse
Blas Pérez
Alberto Quintero
Román Torres
Andre Boucaud
Cordell Cato
Joevin Jones
Yohance Marshall
Omar Gonzalez
Aron Jóhannsson
Kenwyne Jones (playing against Mexico)
The first tournament was held in 1991.
Before 1991, the CONCACAF Championship was the first organized tournament for national teams in the region.
The CONCACAF Championship was abolished in 1989.
The CONCACAF Gold Cup features teams from Central America, North America and the Caribbean.
The Mexico national football team has been the most successful team in the tournament.
They have won 8 times.
a.e.t.:
after extra time
a.s.d.e.t.:
after sudden death extra time
pen: after penalty shoot-out
Performance by nation
* The teams in italics were invited to the tournament, and they are not a member of CONCACAF.
CONCACAF Gold Cup official website
Matt Blunt (born November 20, 1970) is an American politician.
He was the Governor of Missouri from 2005 to 2009.
Blunt was born on November 20, 1970 in Greene County, Missouri.
He graduated from the United States Naval Academy.
He is married to Melanie Blunt.
Jim Talent (born October 18, 1956) is a former United States Senator from the state of Missouri.
He was in the United States House of Representatives from 1993 to 2001.
Talent was born on October 18, 1956 in Des Peres, Missouri.
He studied at Washington University in St. Louis and at University of Chicago Law School.
He is married to Brenda Lee Lyons Talent.
David Vitter (born May 3, 1961) is an American politician, lawyer and lobbyist.
He was the United States Senator from Louisiana from 2005 to 2017.
Vitter was born on November 17, 1961 in New Orleans, Louisiana.
He studied at Harvard University, at Magdalen College, Oxford, and at Tulane University.
He is married to Wendy Baldwin.
Lawyers from New Orleans
Daniel Ray "Dan" Coats (born May 16, 1943) is an American politician.
Coats is the 5th and current Director of National Intelligence serving since March 15, 2017.
He served as United States Senator from Indiana from 1989 to 1999 and 2011 to 2017.
He was in the United States House of Representatives from 1981 to 1989.
In March 2015, Coats announced his retirement and said he would not run for re-election in 2016.
He was replaced by Republican Todd Young.
On January 5, 2017, Coats was nominated by President Elect Donald Trump for Director of National Intelligence, succeeding James R. Clapper.
In August 2019, Coats announced his resignation.
Coats was born on May 16, 1943 in Jackson, Michigan.
He studied at Wheaton College in Illinois and at Indiana University, Indianapolis.
United States representative (1981–1989)
From 1976 to 1980, Coats worked for then-U.S. Representative Dan Quayle, a Republican from Indiana's 4th congressional district, as Quayle's district representative.
When Quayle decided to challenge three-term Democratic incumbent Birch Bayh in the 1980 U.S. Senate election, Coats ran for and won Quayle's seat in the U.S. House.
United States senator (1989–1999; 2011–2015)
When Quayle resigned from the Senate after being elected Vice President of the United States in 1988, Coats was appointed to Quayle’s former seat.
Coats was subsequently elected to the seat in 1990 and 1992 and served in the Senate until January 1999, when Evan Bayh became the new Senator.
Coats announced on February 3, 2010, he would run for his old Senate seat and on February 16, 2010, Bayh announced his intention to retire.
Coats went on to win that Senate seat.
United States ambassador (2001–2005)
From August 15, 2001, to February 28, 2005, Coats was the United States Ambassador to Germany.
As ambassador during the lead-up to the Iraq war, he pressured the German government not to oppose the war, threatening worsened US relations with Germany.
As Ambassador he also played a critical role in establishing robust relations with then opposition leader Angela Merkel and in the construction of a new United States Embassy in the heart of Berlin next to the Brandenburg Gate.
Director of National Intelligence (2017–2019)
On January 5, 2017, then-President-elect of the United States Donald Trump nominated Coats to serve as Director of National Intelligence.
The United States senate confirmation hearing was held on February 28, 2017.
His nomination was confirmed by the senate with a 85-12.
Coats step down from his position on August 15, 2019.
He announced his resignation on July 28.
Coats is married to Marsha Coats.
Coats lives in Fort Wayne, Indiana.
Senator Dan Coats  official U.S. Senate website
Dan Coats for Senate
United States Directors of National Intelligence
Stromboli  is a small island in the Tyrrhenian Sea, off the north coast of Sicily.
It is one of the three active volcanoes in Italy.
Stromboli is one of the eight Aeolian Islands, a volcanic arc north of Sicily.
The volcano has erupted many times and is constantly active with minor eruptions, often visible from many points on the island and from the surrounding sea.
This gave rise to the island's nickname "Lighthouse of the Mediterranean".
The most recent major eruption was on 13 April 2009.
Stromboli stands 926 m (3,034 ft) above sea level, and over 2,700 m (8,860 ft) on average above the sea floor.
There are three active craters at the peak.
A significant geological feature of the volcano is the Sciara del Fuoco (stream of fire), a big horseshoe-shaped depression generated in the last 13,000 years by several collapses on the northwestern side of the cone.
Two kilometers to the northeast lies Strombolicchio, the volcanic plug remnant of the original volcano.
On July 16, 2015, a gunman opened fire on two military installations in Chattanooga, Tennessee, killing five service members.
Another service member and a police officer were wounded.
The gunman, Muhammad Youssef Abdulazeez, was killed at the site of the second shooting.
Alan Kupperberg (May 18, 1953 – July 16, 2015) was an American comic artist.
He was known for working in both comic books and newspaper strips.
He began writing and drawing for Marvel Comics in 1974.
Kupperberg has done illustrations for Archie Comics, National Lampoon, Cracked magazine, Spy, and McClannahan Books.
Alan Kupperberg  at Mike's Amazing World of Comics
Alan Kupperberg at the Unofficial Handbook of Marvel Comics Creators
Fred: The Movie is a 2010 American comedy movie, directed by Clay Weiner.
The movie is based on the adventures of Fred Figglehorn.
He is a character created and played by Lucas Cruikshank for Cruikshank's YouTube channel.
Critics gave the movie poor reviews.
It has a 0% rating at Rotten Tomatoes and only 31% of audience members liked it.
Common Sense Media said "YouTube star's movie is fraught with disaster for tweens."
The Guardian's Peter Bradshaw wrote "The feature-film version of the squeaky-voiced YouTube hit is unbelievably irritating – and frankly a waste of time."
But kids apparently liked it.
The premiere of Fred: The Movie drew an audience of 7.6 million.
Fred: The Movie  at The Movie Insider
Kit Bond (born March 6, 1939) is a former United States Senator from Missouri and a member of the Republican Party.
Before his career in the U.S. Senate, Bond served two non-consecutive terms as Governor of Missouri, from 1973 to 1977 and from 1981 to 1985.
He was previously State Auditor of Missouri from 1971 to 1973.
Bond was born on March 6, 1939 in St. Louis, Missouri.
In 1960 he graduated from Princeton University.
He received a law degree from the University of Virginia School of Law.
He is married to Linda Bond.
Kit Bond Strategies LLP
There are 3 arrondissements in the Aude department.
Arrondissement of Carcassonne, (prefecture: Carcassonne), with 207 communes.
Arrondissement of Limoux, (subprefecture: Limoux), with 147 communes.
Arrondissement of Narbonne, (subprefecture: Narbonne), with 82 communes.
1790 : creation of the department with six districts: Carcassonne, Castelnaudary, Lagrasse, Limoux, Narbonne and Quillan; the capital was Carcassonne.
1800 : creation of four arrondissements: Carcassonne (including the old district of Lagrasse), Castelnaudary, Limoux (including the old district of Quillan) and Narbonne.
1926 : the arrondissement of Castelnaudary was eliminated and was made part of the arrondissement of Carcassonne.
The arrondissement of Carcassonne is an arrondissement of France in the Occitanie region.
It is part of the Aude département.
Its capital, and prefecture of the department, is the city of Carcassonne.
When the Aude department was created on 17 February 1800, the arrondissement of Carcassonne was part of that original department.
It is the largest in area of the arrondissements of the department, with an area of , and the one with more people living in it with 161,442 inhabitants and a density of  inhabitants/km².
The arrondissement of Carcassonne covers the northwestern part of the Aude department; it is surrounded by departments of the Occitanie region and is bordered to the north by the Tarn department, to the northeast by the Hérault department, to the east by the arrondissement of Narbonne, to the south by the Pyrénées-Orientales department, to the southwest by the arrondissement of Limoux, to the west by the Ariège department and to the northwest by the Haute-Garonne department.
In the arrondissement of Carcassonne, there are 7 cantons whose communes are in the arrondissement but 3 that have communes in other arrondissements,  as can be seen in the following table:
The arrondissement of Carcassonne has 207 communes; they are (with their INSEE codes):
Aigues-Vives (11001)
Airoux (11002)
Alairac (11005)
Albières (11007)
Alzonne (11009)
Aragon (11011)
Arquettes-en-Val (11016)
Arzens (11018)
Auriac (11020)
Azille (11022)
Badens (11023)
Bagnoles (11025)
Baraigne (11026)
Barbaira (11027)
Belflou (11030)
Belpech (11033)
Berriac (11037)
Blomac (11042)
Bouilhonnac (11043)
Bouisse (11044)
Bram (11049)
Brousses-et-Villaret (11052)
Cabrespine (11056)
Cahuzac (11057)
Capendu (11068)
Carcassonne (11069)
Carlipa (11070)
Castans (11075)
Castelnaudary (11076)
Caudebronde (11079)
Caunes-Minervois (11081)
Caunettes-en-Val (11083)
Caux-et-Sauzens (11084)
Cavanac (11085)
Cazalrenoux (11087)
Cazilhac (11088)
Cenne-Monestiés (11089)
Citou (11092)
Comigne (11095)
Conques-sur-Orbiel (11099)
Couffoulens (11102)
Cumiès (11114)
Cuxac-Cabardès (11115)
Davejean (11117)
Dernacueillette (11118)
Douzens (11122)
Fajac-en-Val (11133)
Fajac-la-Relenque (11134)
Fanjeaux (11136)
Fendeille (11138)
Floure (11146)
Fonters-du-Razès (11149)
Fontiers-Cabardès (11150)
Fontiès-d'Aude (11151)
Fournes-Cabardès (11154)
Fraisse-Cabardès (11156)
Félines-Termenès (11137)
Gaja-la-Selve (11159)
Generville (11162)
Gourvieille (11166)
Issel (11175)
La Cassaigne (11072)
La Force (11153)
La Louvière-Lauragais (11208)
La Pomarède (11292)
La Redorte (11190)
La Tourette-Cabardès (11391)
Labastide-Esparbairenque (11180)
Labastide-d'Anjou (11178)
Labastide-en-Val (11179)
Labécède-Lauragais (11181)
Lacombe (11182)
Lafage (11184)
Lagrasse (11185)
Lairière (11186)
Lanet (11187)
Laprade (11189)
Laroque-de-Fa (11191)
Lasbordes (11192)
Lastours (11194)
Laurabuc (11195)
Laurac (11196)
Laure-Minervois (11198)
Lavalette (11199)
Les Brunels (11054)
Les Cassés (11074)
Les Ilhes (11174)
Les Martys (11221)
Lespinassière (11200)
Leuc (11201)
Limousis (11205)
Malves-en-Minervois (11215)
Marquein (11218)
Marseillette (11220)
Mas-Cabardès (11222)
Mas-Saintes-Puelles (11225)
Mas-des-Cours (11223)
Massac (11224)
Mayreville (11226)
Mayronnes (11227)
Miraval-Cabardes (11232)
Mireval-Lauragais (11234)
Molandier (11236)
Molleville (11238)
Montauriol (11239)
Montclar (11242)
Montferrand (11243)
Montirat (11248)
Montjoi (11250)
Montlaur (11251)
Montmaur (11252)
Montolieu (11253)
Montréal (11254)
Monze (11257)
Moussoulens (11259)
Mouthoumet (11260)
Moux (11261)
Mézerville (11231)
Orsans (11268)
Palairac (11271)
Palaja (11272)
Payra-sur-l'Hers (11275)
Pech-Luna (11278)
Pennautier (11279)
Pexiora (11281)
Peyrefitte-sur-l'Hers (11283)
Peyrens (11284)
Peyriac-Minervois (11286)
Pezens (11288)
Plaigne (11290)
Plavilla (11291)
Pradelles-Cabardès (11297)
Pradelles-en-Val (11298)
Preixan (11299)
Puginier (11300)
Puichéric (11301)
Pécharic-et-le-Py (11277)
Pépieux (11280)
Raissac-sur-Lampy (11308)
Ribaute (11311)
Ribouisse (11312)
Ricaud (11313)
Rieux-Minervois (11315)
Rieux-en-Val (11314)
Roquecourbe-Minervois (11318)
Roquefère (11319)
Rouffiac-d'Aude (11325)
Roullens (11327)
Rustiques (11330)
Saint-Amans (11331)
Saint-Couat-d'Aude (11337)
Saint-Denis (11339)
Saint-Frichoux (11342)
Saint-Gaudéric (11343)
Saint-Julien-de-Briola (11348)
Saint-Martin-Lalande (11356)
Saint-Martin-des-Puits (11354)
Saint-Martin-le-Vieil (11357)
Saint-Michel-de-Lanès (11359)
Saint-Papoul (11361)
Saint-Paulet (11362)
Saint-Pierre-des-Champs (11363)
Saint-Sernin (11365)
Sainte-Camelle (11334)
Sainte-Eulalie (11340)
Saissac (11367)
Salles-sur-l'Hers (11371)
Sallèles-Cabardès (11368)
Salsigne (11372)
Salza (11374)
Serviès-en-Val (11378)
Souilhanels (11382)
Souilhe (11383)
Soulatgé (11384)
Soupex (11385)
Talairan (11386)
Taurize (11387)
Termes (11388)
Tournissan (11392)
Trassanel (11395)
Trausse (11396)
Trèbes (11397)
Tréville (11399)
Ventenac-Cabardès (11404)
Verdun-en-Lauragais (11407)
Vignevieille (11409)
Villalier (11410)
Villanière (11411)
Villar-en-Val (11414)
Villardonnel (11413)
Villarzel-Cabardès (11416)
Villasavary (11418)
Villautou (11419)
Villedubert (11422)
Villegailhenc (11425)
Villegly (11426)
Villemagne (11428)
Villemoustaussou (11429)
Villeneuve-Minervois (11433)
Villeneuve-la-Comptal (11430)
Villeneuve-lès-Montréal (11432)
Villepinte (11434)
Villerouge-Termenès (11435)
Villesiscle (11438)
Villespy (11439)
Villesèquelande (11437)
Villetritouls (11440)
The arrondissement of Limoux is an arrondissement of France.
It is part of the Aude département in the Occitanie region.
Its capital, and subprefecture of the department, is the city of Limoux.
When the Aude department was created on 17 February 1800, the arrondissement of Limoux was part of that original department.
It is the southernmost of the arrondissements of the department, with an area of , with a population of 44,467 inhabitants and a density of  inhabitants/km².
The arrondissement of Limoux is bordered to the north and east by the arrondissement of Carcassonne, to the south by the Pyrénées-Orientales department, and to the west by the Ariège department.
In the arrondissement of Limoux, there are 2 cantons whose communes are in the arrondissement and 2 that has some of its "communes" in other "arrondissements",  as can be seen in the following table:
The arrondissement of Limoux has 147 communes; they are (with their INSEE codes):
Ajac (11003)
Alaigne (11004)
Alet-les-Bains (11008)
Antugnac (11010)
Arques (11015)
Artigues (11017)
Aunat (11019)
Axat (11021)
Belcaire (11028)
Belcastel-et-Buc (11029)
Belfort-sur-Rebenty (11031)
Bellegarde-du-Razès (11032)
Belvèze-du-Razès (11034)
Belvianes-et-Cavirac (11035)
Belvis (11036)
Bessède-de-Sault (11038)
La Bezole (11039)
Bouriège (11045)
Bourigeole (11046)
Le Bousquet (11047)
Brézilhac (11051)
Brugairolles (11053)
Bugarach (11055)
Cailhau (11058)
Cailhavel (11059)
Cailla (11060)
Cambieure (11061)
Campagna-de-Sault (11062)
Campagne-sur-Aude (11063)
Camps-sur-l'Agly (11065)
Camurac (11066)
Cassaignes (11073)
Castelreng (11078)
Caunette-sur-Lauquet (11082)
Cépie (11090)
Chalabre (11091)
Le Clat (11093)
Clermont-sur-Lauquet (11094)
Comus (11096)
Conilhac-de-la-Montagne (11097)
Corbières (11100)
Coudons (11101)
Couiza (11103)
Counozouls (11104)
Cournanel (11105)
Courtauly (11107)
La Courtète (11108)
Coustaussa (11109)
Cubières-sur-Cinoble (11112)
La Digne-d'Amont (11119)
La Digne-d'Aval (11120)
Donazac (11121)
Escouloubre (11127)
Escueillens-et-Saint-Just-de-Bélengard (11128)
Espéraza (11129)
Espezel (11130)
Fa (11131)
La Fajolle (11135)
Fenouillet-du-Razès (11139)
Ferran (11141)
Festes-et-Saint-André (11142)
Fontanès-de-Sault (11147)
Fourtou (11155)
Gaja-et-Villedieu (11158)
Galinagues (11160)
Gardie (11161)
Gincla (11163)
Ginoles (11165)
Gramazie (11167)
Granès (11168)
Greffeil (11169)
Hounoux (11173)
Joucou (11177)
Ladern-sur-Lauquet (11183)
Lasserre-de-Prouille (11193)
Lauraguel (11197)
Lignairolles (11204)
Limoux (11206)
Loupia (11207)
Luc-sur-Aude (11209)
Magrie (11211)
Malras (11214)
Malviès (11216)
Marsa (11219)
Mazerolles-du-Razès (11228)
Mazuby (11229)
Mérial (11230)
Missègre (11235)
Montazels (11240)
Montfort-sur-Boulzane (11244)
Montgradail (11246)
Monthaut (11247)
Montjardin (11249)
Nébias (11263)
Niort-de-Sault (11265)
Pauligne (11274)
Peyrefitte-du-Razès (11282)
Peyrolles (11287)
Pieusse (11289)
Pomas (11293)
Pomy (11294)
Puilaurens (11302)
Puivert (11303)
Quillan (11304)
Quirbajou (11306)
Rennes-le-Château (11309)
Rennes-les-Bains (11310)
Rivel (11316)
Rodome (11317)
Roquefeuil (11320)
Roquefort-de-Sault (11321)
Roquetaillade (11323)
Routier (11328)
Rouvenac (11329)
Saint-Benoît (11333)
Saint-Couat-du-Razès (11338)
Sainte-Colombe-sur-Guette (11335)
Sainte-Colombe-sur-l'Hers (11336)
Saint-Ferriol (11341)
Saint-Hilaire (11344)
Saint-Jean-de-Paracol (11346)
Saint-Julia-de-Bec (11347)
Saint-Just-et-le-Bézu (11350)
Saint-Louis-et-Parahou (11352)
Saint-Martin-Lys (11358)
Saint-Martin-de-Villereglan (11355)
Saint-Polycarpe (11364)
Salvezines (11373)
Seignalens (11375)
La Serpent (11376)
Serres (11377)
Sonnac-sur-l'Hers (11380)
Sougraigne (11381)
Terroles (11389)
Tourreilles (11394)
Tréziers (11400)
Val-de-Lambronne (11080)
Valmigère (11402)
Véraza (11406)
Verzeille (11408)
Villardebelle (11412)
Villar-Saint-Anselme (11415)
Villarzel-du-Razès (11417)
Villebazy (11420)
Villefloure (11423)
Villefort (11424)
Villelongue-d'Aude (11427)
The arrondissement of Narbonne is an arrondissement of France.
Its capital, and subprefecture of the department,  is the city of Narbonne.
When the Aude department was created on 17 February 1800, the arrondissement of Narbonne was part of that original department.
It is the easternmost and second largest of the arrondissements of the department, with an area of , with a population of 159,569 inhabitants and a density of  inhabitants/km².
The arrondissement of Narbonne is bordered to the north by the Hérault department, to the east by the Mediterranean Sea, to the south by the Pyrénées-Orientales department and to the west by the arrondissement of Carcassonne.
In the arrondissement of Narbonne, there are 7 cantons whose communes are in the arrondissement and only one that has some of its "communes" in other "arrondissements",  as can be seen in the following table: