the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
Most of the Chennai Metro region comes under this district.
According to the 2011 census, the population of the Chennai district is 4,646,732.
The male population is 2,335,844 and female population is 2,310,888.
The literacy rate is 90.18%.
The density of population in this district is 26,553 people per square kilometre.
The sex ratio is 989 females per 1000 males.
Chennai district is divided into various taluks for administration purposes.
Geographical area
The total area of the Chennai district is .
The district is in the Coromandel coast of the Bay of Bengal.
The Guindy National Park region covers  of reserved forest.
The waterways here are the Cooum River, Adyar River, Buckingham Canal and Otteri Nullah stream.
Thanjavur district is one of the district is known as the "Granary of South India" and "Rice bowl of Tamil Nadu".
This is one of the important district for the Tamil Nadu agriculture and economy.
The Thanjavur district's total population is 2,405,890 according to Census of 2011.
Literacy rate is 74.44%.
The sex ratio is 1035 per 1000 males.
Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes consist of 18.91% and 0.15% of the population respectively.
Agriculture and Tourism
The Thanjavur district is famously known as the "Granary of South India", since the rule of Chola dynasty.
This district lies at the Kaveri delta region, the most fertile region in the Tamil Nadu state.
The district is the main rice producing region in the state and therefore known as "Rice Bowl of Tamil Nadu".
Kaveri River and its tributaries are the main source of irrigation in Thanjavur district.
Farmers also grow coconut and sugarcane and it is the largest producer of coconut in Tamil Nadu.
Cuddalore district is one of the 32 districts in Tamil Nadu, South India.
Cuddalore city is the headquarters of the Cuddalore district.
It was the mostly affected district in the 2015 South Indian floods along with Chennai district.
Cuddalore is on the sea shore, so most of the cyclones affecting Tamil Nadu hit this district.
The district area is 3,564km².
It is bounded on the north by Viluppuram District, on the east by the Bay of Bengal, on the south by Nagapattinam District, and on the west by Perambalur District.
The district is drained by Gadilam River and Pennaiyar River in the north, Vellar River and Kollidam River in south.
In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Cuddalore one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of Districts of 640).
It is one of the six districts in Tamil Nadu currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).
According to 2011 census of India, Cuddalore district had a population of 2,605,914 with a sex-ratio of 987 females for every 1,000 males.
A total of 279,950 were under the age of six, constituting 147,644 males and 132,306 females.
Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 29.32% and 0.6% of the population respectively.
The average literacy of the district was 69.66%, compared to the national average of 72.99%.
Vionnaz is a municipality in the district of Monthey in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.
Vouvry is a municipality in the district of Monthey in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.
Ausserberg is a municipality of the district of Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.
Official website of Ausserberg
Norwich, a city in Norfolk, England
Norwich City F.C., a football club in the city
Norfolk, a county in south-east England
Norfolk County, Ontario, Canada
Norfolk, Virginia, a city in the United States
There are 3 arrondissements in the Indre-et-Loire department.
1790 : creation of the department with seven districts: Tours, Amboise, Château-Renault, Loches, Chinon, Preuilly and Langeais; the capital was Tours.
1800 : creation of three arrondissements: Chinon, Loches and Tours.
1926 : the arrondissement of Loches was eliminated.
1943 : Loches was made again an arrondissement.
Paget's disease is the name for different diseases, which where first described by Sir James Paget.
Paget's disease of the bone, in which bones of the skeleton change, thicken and grow uncontrollably.
Paget's disease of the breast, a rare form of breast cancer
Paget-von-Schroetter syndrome,a form of thrombosis
Extramammary Paget's disease
The arrondissement of Chinon is an arrondissement of France, in the Indre-et-Loire department, Centre-Val de Loire region.
Its capital is the city of Chinon.
When the Indre-et-Loire department was created on 1800, the arrondissement of Chinon was part of that original department.
The arrondissement of Chinon is the most western of the arrondissements of the Indre-et-Loire department.
It is bordered to the north and east by the arrondissement of Tours, to the southeast by the Loches arrondissement, to the west by the Vienne department and to the northwest by the Maine-et-Loire department.
The arrondissement of Chinon is the smallest arrondissement of the department in area, , but the second in population (86,952 inhabitants).
The cantons in the arrondissement of Chinon are:
Langeais (3708) (partly)
The arrondissement of Chinon has 106 communes; they are (with their INSEE codes)ː
Ambillou (37002)
Anché (37004)
Antogny-le-Tillac (37005)
Assay (37007)
Avoine (37011)
Avon-les-Roches (37012)
Avrillé-les-Ponceaux (37013)
Beaumont-Louestault (37021)
Beaumont-en-Véron (37022)
Benais (37024)
Bourgueil (37031)
Braslou (37034)
Braye-sous-Faye (37035)
Braye-sur-Maulne (37036)
Brèches (37037)
Brizay (37040)
Bueil-en-Touraine (37041)
Candes-Saint-Martin (37042)
Cerelles (37047)
Champigny-sur-Veude (37051)
Channay-sur-Lathan (37055)
La Chapelle-sur-Loire (37058)
Charentilly (37059)
Château-la-Vallière (37062)
Chaveignes (37065)
Chemillé-sur-Dême (37068)
Chezelles (37071)
Chinon (37072)
Chouzé-sur-Loire (37074)
Cinais (37076)
Cinq-Mars-la-Pile (37077)
Cléré-les-Pins (37081)
Continvoir (37082)
Couesmes (37084)
Courcelles-de-Touraine (37086)
Courcoué (37087)
Couziers (37088)
Cravant-les-Côteaux (37089)
Crissay-sur-Manse (37090)
Crouzilles (37093)
Épeigné-sur-Dême (37101)
Faye-la-Vineuse (37105)
Gizeux (37112)
Hommes (37117)
Huismes (37118)
L'Île-Bouchard (37119)
Jaulnay (37121)
Langeais (37123)
Lémeré (37125)
Lerné (37126)
Ligré (37129)
Lublé (37137)
Luzé (37140)
Maillé (37142)
Marçay (37144)
Marcilly-sur-Maulne (37146)
Marcilly-sur-Vienne (37147)
Marigny-Marmande (37148)
Marray (37149)
Mazières-de-Touraine (37150)
Neuil (37165)
Neuillé-Pont-Pierre (37167)
Neuvy-le-Roi (37170)
Nouâtre (37174)
Noyant-de-Touraine (37176)
Panzoult (37178)
Parçay-sur-Vienne (37180)
Pernay (37182)
Ports (37187)
Pouzay (37188)
Pussigny (37190)
Razines (37191)
Restigné (37193)
Richelieu (37196)
Rillé (37198)
Rilly-sur-Vienne (37199)
Rivière (37201)
La Roche-Clermault (37202)
Rouziers-de-Touraine (37204)
Saint-Antoine-du-Rocher (37206)
Saint-Aubin-le-Dépeint (37207)
Saint-Benoît-la-Forêt (37210)
Saint-Christophe-sur-le-Nais (37213)
Saint-Épain (37216)
Saint-Germain-sur-Vienne (37220)
Saint-Laurent-de-Lin (37223)
Sainte-Maure-de-Touraine (37226)
Saint-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil (37228)
Saint-Paterne-Racan (37231)
Côteaux-sur-Loire (37232)
Saint-Roch (37237)
Savigné-sur-Lathan (37241)
Savigny-en-Véron (37242)
Sazilly (37244)
Semblançay (37245)
Seuilly (37248)
Sonzay (37249)
Souvigné (37251)
Tavant (37255)
Theneuil (37256)
Thizay (37258)
La Tour-Saint-Gelin (37260)
Trogues (37262)
Verneuil-le-Château (37268)
Villebourg (37274)
Villiers-au-Bouin (37279)
An independence referendum was held in Azerbaijan on 29 December 1991, three days after the collapse of the Soviet Union.
The result was 99.8% in favor, with turnout reported to be 95.3%.
The arrondissement of Tours is an arrondissement of France, in the Indre-et-Loire department, Centre-Val de Loire region.
Its capital is the city of Tours.
When the Indre-et-Loire department was created on 1800, the arrondissement of Tours was part of that original department.
The arrondissement of Tours is the northern half of the Indre-et-Loire department.
It is bordered to the north and east by the Loir-et-Cher department, to the southeast by the Loches arrondissement, to the southwest by the Chinon arrondissement, to the west by the Maine-et-Loire department and to the northwest by the Sarthe department.
The arrondissement of Tours is the largest arrondissement of the department in area, , and the one with more people living in it with 466,232 inhabitants.
The cantons of the arrondissement of Tours are:
The arrondissement of Tours has 54 communes; they are (with their INSEE codes)ː
Artannes-sur-Indre (37006)
Azay-le-Rideau (37014)
Azay-sur-Cher (37015)
Ballan-Miré (37018)
Berthenay (37025)
Bréhémont (37038)
Chambray-lès-Tours (37050)
Chançay (37052)
Chanceaux-sur-Choisille (37054)
La Chapelle-aux-Naux (37056)
Cheillé (37067)
Druye (37099)
Esvres (37104)
Fondettes (37109)
Joué-lès-Tours (37122)
Larçay (37124)
Lignières-de-Touraine (37128)
Luynes (37139)
La Membrolle-sur-Choisille (37151)
Mettray (37152)
Monnaie (37153)
Montbazon (37154)
Montlouis-sur-Loire (37156)
Monts (37159)
Notre-Dame-d'Oé (37172)
Parçay-Meslay (37179)
Pont-de-Ruan (37186)
Reugny (37194)
La Riche (37195)
Rigny-Ussé (37197)
Rivarennes (37200)
Rochecorbon (37203)
Saché (37205)
Saint-Avertin (37208)
Saint-Branchs (37211)
Sainte-Catherine-de-Fierbois (37212)
Saint-Cyr-sur-Loire (37214)
Saint-Étienne-de-Chigny (37217)
Saint-Genouph (37219)
Saint-Pierre-des-Corps (37233)
Savonnières (37243)
Sorigny (37250)
Thilouze (37257)
Tours (37261)
Truyes (37263)
Vallères (37264)
Veigné (37266)
Véretz (37267)
Vernou-sur-Brenne (37270)
Villaines-les-Rochers (37271)
Villandry (37272)
La Ville-aux-Dames (37273)
Villeperdue (37278)
Vouvray (37281)
The West Indian manatee (Trichechus manatus) or "sea cow"  is a manatee.
It is the largest living member of the order Sirenia (which also includes dugongs and the extinct Steller's sea cow).
The West Indian manatee is a different species from the Amazonian manatee (T. inunguis) and the African manatee (T. senegalensis).
The West Indian manatee is in two subspecies, the Florida manatee (T. m. latirostris) and the Antillean or Caribbean manatee (T. m. manatus).
New research shows that there may be three groups:
Florida and the Greater Antilles
Mexico, Central America and northern South America
Northeastern South America.
The Florida manatee and the Antillean manatee are endangered.
Federal, state, private, and nonprofit organizations are working to protect these species from natural and human threats, such as collisions with boat propeller blades.
The arrondissement of Loches is an arrondissement of France, in the Indre-et-Loire department, Centre-Val de Loire region.
Its capital is the city of Loches.
When the Indre-et-Loire department was created on 1800, the arrondissement of Loches was part of that original department.
In 1926, the arrondissement of Loches was eliminated but in 1943 it was made again an arrondissement of the Indre-et-Loire department.
The arrondissement of Loches is the southeast of the Indre-et-Loire department.
It is bordered to the north by the Tours arrondissement, to the northeast by the Loir-et-Cher department, to the east and southeast by the Indre department, to the southwest by the Vienne department and to the west by the Chinon arrondissement
The arrondissement of Loches is the second largest arrondissement of the department in area, , but the one with fewest people living in it with 50,740 inhabitants.
There are only 2 cantons in the arrondissement of Loches:
The arrondissement of Loches has 113 communes; they are (with their INSEE codes)ː
Abilly (37001)
Amboise (37003)
Athée-sur-Cher (37008)
Autrèche (37009)
Auzouer-en-Touraine (37010)
Azay-sur-Indre (37016)
Barrou (37019)
Beaulieu-lès-Loches (37020)
Beaumont-Village (37023)
Betz-le-Château (37026)
Bléré (37027)
Bossay-sur-Claise (37028)
Bossée (37029)
Le Boulay (37030)
Bournan (37032)
Boussay (37033)
Bridoré (37039)
Cangey (37043)
La Celle-Guenand (37044)
La Celle-Saint-Avant (37045)
Céré-la-Ronde (37046)
Chambon (37048)
Chambourg-sur-Indre (37049)
Chanceaux-près-Loches (37053)
La Chapelle-Blanche-Saint-Martin (37057)
Chargé (37060)
Charnizay (37061)
Château-Renault (37063)
Chaumussay (37064)
Chédigny (37066)
Chemillé-sur-Indrois (37069)
Chenonceaux (37070)
Chisseaux (37073)
Cigogné (37075)
Ciran (37078)
Civray-de-Touraine (37079)
Civray-sur-Esves (37080)
Cormery (37083)
Courçay (37085)
La Croix-en-Touraine (37091)
Crotelles (37092)
Cussay (37094)
Dame-Marie-les-Bois (37095)
Dierre (37096)
Dolus-le-Sec (37097)
Draché (37098)
Épeigné-les-Bois (37100)
Esves-le-Moutier (37103)
La Ferrière (37106)
Ferrière-Larçon (37107)
Ferrière-sur-Beaulieu (37108)
Francueil (37110)
Genillé (37111)
Le Grand-Pressigny (37113)
La Guerche (37114)
Descartes (37115)
Les Hermites (37116)
Le Liège (37127)
Ligueil (37130)
Limeray (37131)
Loches (37132)
Loché-sur-Indrois (37133)
Louans (37134)
Le Louroux (37136)
Lussault-sur-Loire (37138)
Luzillé (37141)
Manthelan (37143)
Marcé-sur-Esves (37145)
Monthodon (37155)
Montrésor (37157)
Montreuil-en-Touraine (37158)
Morand (37160)
Mosnes (37161)
Mouzay (37162)
Nazelles-Négron (37163)
Neuillé-le-Lierre (37166)
Neuilly-le-Brignon (37168)
Neuville-sur-Brenne (37169)
Noizay (37171)
Nouans-les-Fontaines (37173)
Nouzilly (37175)
Orbigny (37177)
Paulmy (37181)
Perrusson (37183)
Le Petit-Pressigny (37184)
Pocé-sur-Cisse (37185)
Preuilly-sur-Claise (37189)
Reignac-sur-Indre (37192)
Saint-Bauld (37209)
Saint-Flovier (37218)
Saint-Hippolyte (37221)
Saint-Jean-Saint-Germain (37222)
Saint-Laurent-en-Gâtines (37224)
Saint-Martin-le-Beau (37225)
Saint-Nicolas-des-Motets (37229)
Saint-Ouen-les-Vignes (37230)
Saint-Quentin-sur-Indrois (37234)
Saint-Règle (37236)
Saint-Senoch (37238)
Saunay (37240)
Sennevières (37246)
Sepmes (37247)
Souvigny-de-Touraine (37252)
Sublaines (37253)
Tauxigny (37254)
Tournon-Saint-Pierre (37259)
Varennes (37265)
Verneuil-sur-Indre (37269)
Villedômain (37275)
Villedômer (37276)
Villeloin-Coulangé (37277)
Vou (37280)
Yzeures-sur-Creuse (37282)
Loches
Ultraviolet (UV) light damages the DNA in skin cells.
Normally the DNA damage is repaired.
But if a person has a defective repair gene,  the DNA is not repaired.
This disease causes the skin to be sensitive to sunlight.
A person with this disorder must always stay out of the sun, or they will get a sunburn.
People with this disease are often called a "Moon child" because they can only go outside during the night.
This disease is present in both genders and in all races, with one in 250,000 people living in the US having this disease.
A Japanese person is about six times more likely to have this disease.
This disorder is found in one in 250,000 people.
People with xeroderma pigmentosum are about 1,000 times more likely to get skin cancer.
There is no cure for xeroderma pigmentosum.
The symptoms can be minimized if you do not go outside into sunlight.
Fewer than 40% of individuals with the disease survive beyond the age of 20.
Some XP victims with less severe cases do manage to live well into their 40s.
Sunburn when in sunlight.
Making of freckles at a young age
Eyes that are sensitive to the sun and are irritated and clouded
Blistering of the skin
Limited growth of hair on the chest and legs
Dry, scaly skin
The most important part of treatment is avoiding going into sunlight.
You may have to wear protective clothes and wear sunscreen.
XP can be caused by mutations in any one of eight genes.
Seven of these genes help repair of ultraviolet-induced photoproducts.
James Bradley FRS (1693 – 13 July 1762) was an English astronomer.
He was born in Sherborne, Gloucestershire, England.
Bradley was educated at Northleach Grammar School and at Balliol College, Oxford.
He received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1714 and a Master of Arts in 1717.
He became a member of the clergy and received an income at Bridstow in Herefordshire.
Because of his friendship with Edmond Halley, in 1718 he was elected as a fellow of the Royal Society.
He gave up his living at Bridstow to become a professor at Oxford in 1721.
Bradley succeeded Edmond Halley as Astronomer Royal at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich in 1742.
He held this post until his death in 1762.
In 1729 he published his discovery of the aberration of light (also called astronomical aberration).
This was he first observational proof of the Copernican Hypothesis that the Sun is at the centre of the Solar System and not the Earth.
He noticed a motion in the stars that did not fit the accepted pattern of the time.
What he discovered was stellar aberration.
In 1748 he published his discovery.
That same year he was awarded the Copley Medal from the Royal Society for his discovery.
The 1962 Stanley Cup Finals was played between the defending champion Chicago Black Hawks and the Toronto Maple Leafs.
The Maple Leafs were also in the Final in 1960.
The Maple Leafs would win the best-of-seven series four games to two to win the Stanley Cup.
This was their first win since 1951.
Betten is a former municipality in the district of Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.
Silesian Wikipedia is the Silesian language edition of Wikipedia.
It was started on 26 May 2008.
The Eshtaol Forest is a forest in Israel, located north of Beit Shemesh and near Ta'oz and Neve Shalom.
The Forest of the Martyrs lies to the east.
The forest is a popular recreation area and is one of the largest forests in Israel.
The forest (like most other forests in Israel) was planted in by the Jewish National Fund, which continues to expand it.
The forest covers an area of .
Jewish National Fund website
The Ganges-Brahmaputra Delta is a  river delta in the South Asia region of Bangladesh and in West Bengal, India.
It is the world's largest delta.
The delta is also known as the Brahmaputra Delta, the Sunderbans Delta, or the Bengal Delta.
Because it is also one of the most fertile regions in the world, it is called The Green Delta.
The Ganges Delta empties into the Bay of Bengal.
It is approximately  across at the Bay of Bengal.. The floodplain is from three rivers: Ganges, the Brahmaputra River and the Meghna River.
The delta stretches from the Hooghly River on the west to the Meghna River on the east.
In India Kolkata and Haldia are the main seaports.
In Bangladesh the main seaports are the Port of Mongla and Chittagong.
Piedmontese Wikipedia is the Piedmontese language edition of Wikipedia.
Piedmontese is a Romance language spoken by over 1 million people in Piedmont, northwest Italy.
Latvian Wikipedia is the Latvian edition of Wikipedia.
It was started on 6 June 2003.
Bosnian Wikipedia is the Bosnian language edition of Wikipedia.
It was started on 12 December 2002.
Neapolitan Wikipedia is the Neapolitan language edition of Wikipedia.
Neapolitan is the language of much of southern continental Italy.
Salem district is a district in Tamil Nadu, South India.
Salem is the district headquarters and other major towns in the district include Mettur, Omalur and Attur.
Salem is surrounded by hills and the landscape dotted with hillocks.
Ancient Salem Nadu ruled by Mazhavar kings.
According to 2011 census of India, Salem district had a population of 3,482,056 with a sex-ratio of 954 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929.Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 16.67% and 3.43% of the population respectively.
The average literacy of the district was 65.64%, compared to the national average of 72.99%.
Salem district has many educational institutions including government schools, private schools and hundred years traditional institution Government arts college ,Government arts college for women  and the Government College of Engineering and Periyar University.
The Salem handloom industry is one of the most ancient cottage industries and producing quality saree, doti etc out of silk yarn and cotton yarn.
More than 75,000 handlooms are working and the total value of cloth produced per annum is estimated at Rs.5,000 crores.
With more than 125 spinning mills, with modern weaving units and garment units Salem established itself as one of the major textile center in Tamil Nadu .
École nationale supérieure d'électrotechnique, d'électronique, d'informatique, d'hydraulique et des télécommunications is a renowned graduate engineering school in France.
Ingénieur ENSEEIHT (ENSEEIHT Graduate engineer Masters level program)
Master of Science (in partnership with the French Civil Aviation University)
Students from a dozen of nationalities participate to the different curricula at ENSEEIHT.
Thiruvarur district is one of the districts in Tamil Nadu, South India.
Thiruvarur town is the district headquarters of Tamil Nadu.
Before 1991 Thiruvarur district and Nagapattinam district were part of the Thanjavur district.
After that, the present Taluks of Thiruvarur district and Nagapattinam district were separated from the Thanjavur District, and formed the Nagapattinam district.
The total area of Thiruvarur district is 2161 km².
Major towns of the district are Thiruvarur, Thiruthuraipoondi, Nachikulam, Muthupettai and Mannargudi.
In the 2011 census of India, Thiruvarur district had a population of 1,264,277.
There was a sex-ratio of 1,017 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929.
Scheduled Castes were 34.08% of the population.
Scheduled Tribes were .24% of the population.
The average literacy of the district was 74.86%, close to the national average.
MADURAI district is one of the 32 districts in Tamil Nadu, South India.
Madurai district is the second largest district by population.
Madurai is the headquarters of this district.
It is an important place for making movies.
According to 2011 census of India, Madurai district had a population of 3,038,252.
The population was 2,578,201 in the 2001 census.
This is a growth rate of 17.95%.
The district had a sex-ratio of 990 females for every 1,000 males.
This is up from 978 in 2001, and much above the national average of 929.
Administrative divisions in Madurai district
The district of Madurai has 13 taluks and revenue blocks with the same boundaries and names.
Thiruparankundram
T.Kallupatti
Tirumangalam
Kallikudi
Sedapatti
Usilampatti
Vadipatti
Melur
Madurai West
Madurai East
Kottampatti
Chellampatti
Tourist attractions in the district
Thiruvathavur Thirumarainathar Temple
Alagar Koyil
Thirupparankundram Murugan Temple
Thirumalai Nayakar Mahal
1000 pillar hall
Kazimar Big Mosque
Gandhi Memorial Museum
Pazhamudhircholai
Vandiyur Mariamman Temple
The 2016 Kaikoura earthquake was a magnitude 7.8 (Mw) earthquake in the South Island of New Zealand.
It happened two minutes after midnight on 14 November 2016 NZDT (11:02 on 13 November UTC).
The epicentre where shaking started was about  north-east of Culverden and  south-west of the tourist town of Kaikoura.
The epicentre was about 15 kilometres deep (9 mi).
Infobot is a Perl IRC bot, first written in 1995 by Kevin Lenzo.
The bot's main goal was to remember URLs and associate them with a name, so if someone needed a specific web address they could ask the bot.
For this reason, the first Infobot, in the #macintosh channel in the EFnet IRC network, had the nickname 'url'.
The main project is now inactive, many forks from the original program were made, some of which are still active.
Many of these forks carry extra features.
Parole is the release of a prisoner before the end of his or her original sentence.
This is based on the prisoner accepting certain conditions.
Usually these include remaining on good behavior.
They also agree to be monitored for a period of time by a public official called a parole officer.
Coverture is a long-standing legal practice in the United States that comes from the English common law.
Coverture holds that a man and a woman are a single legal entity—that of the husband.
A married woman loses her own legal obligations and rights, and becomes "covered" by her husband.
Traditionally a woman took her husband's last name as a symbol of this identity.
A female child was covered by her father's identity.
When she married that coverage transferred to her husband.
Under this system a woman did not legally exist and did not own anything.
In the mid-19th century, with the rise of feminism, coverture began to be criticized as being unfair to women.
Various laws began to be weakened and eventually done away with.
But parts of coverture laws, mainly having to do with the husband being responsible for his wife's debts, lasted into the 1960s in some parts of the U.S.
A form-based interface is a kind of user interface.
In it, the user interacts with the application by selecting one of a number of possible values, and by entering text into the fields that accept it.
A word processor which is used to write documents, might offer settings for the font size, the font to use, and the alignment of the paragraph on the page.
Many databases support a technology called query by example: Users who do not know SQL can easily select database records which are similar to the information entered.
Metric space is a concept from Mathematics: Given a set of elments, there is a function which takes two arguments, which are elements of the set and returns a real number, which is usually called distance d between those elements.
The function needs to be symmetric: d(x,y) = d (y,x).
The Brahmanas are a collection of Indian books.
The books give more information on the Vedas, the four holiest books of the Hindu religion.
The Brahmanas give instructions on the proper performance of rituals.
They also explain the original symbolic meanings.
Each Vedic shakha (school) has its own Brahmana.
Many Brahmana texts existed in ancient India.
Most of these have been lost.
Bister is a municipality of the district of Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.
Bitsch is a municipality in the district of Raron in the Swiss canton of Valais.
Bürchen (Walliser German: Birchu) is a municipality of the district Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.
Official website of Bürchen
Puntland is a province of SomaliaLand of Punt is a name for a geographic place, mentioned in Ancient Egyptian texts.
At times it is also called Pwenet or Pwene.
Ancient Egypt traded with this place since at least 6.000 BC.
It was known for producing and exporting gold, aromatic resins, blackwood, ebony, ivory, and wild animals.
The region is known from ancient Egyptian records of trade expeditions to it.
Some biblical scholars have identified it with the biblical land of Put.
At times Punt is referred to as Ta netjer''', the "Land of the God".
It is not known where exactly this place was.
Most scholars today believe Punt was to the southeast of Egypt, most likely in the coastal region of what is today Somalia, Djibouti, Eritrea, northeast Ethiopia and the Red Sea coast of Sudan.
However, some scholars point instead to other ancient writings which say Punt was in the Arabian Peninsula.
It is also possible that the territory covered both the Horn of Africa and Southern Arabia.
Puntland, the Somali administrative region at the edge of the Horn of Africa, may be named in reference to the Land of Punt.
Inhabitants formed three groups which wore different clothing, and hairstyles.
They held cattle and lived in stil houses.
Egyptian expeditions to Punt
The earliest recorded Egyptian expedition to Punt was organized by Pharaoh Sahure of the Fifth Dynasty (25th century BC).
However, gold from Punt was in Egypt as early as the time of Pharaoh Khufu of the Fourth Dynasty.
There were more expeditions to Punt in the Sixth, Eleventh, Twelfth and Eighteenth dynasties of Egypt.
In the Twelfth Dynasty, trade with Punt was celebrated in popular literature in the Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor.
In the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt, Hatshepsut built a Red Sea fleet to make it easier to trade between the head of the Gulf of Aqaba and points south as far as Punt to bring mortuary goods to Karnak in exchange for Nubian gold.
Hatshepsut personally made the most famous ancient Egyptian expedition that sailed to Punt.
During the reign of Queen Hatshepsut in the 15th century BC, ships regularly crossed the Red Sea in order to obtain bitumen, copper, carved amulets, naptha and other goods transported overland and down the Dead Sea to Elat at the head of the gulf of Aqaba where they were joined with frankincense and myrrh coming north both by sea and overland along trade routes through the mountains running north along the east coast of the Red Sea.
A report of that five-ship voyage can still be seen on reliefs in Hatshepsut's mortuary temple at Deir el-Bahri.
Throughout the temple texts, Hatshepsut "maintains the fiction that her envoy" Chancellor Nehsi, who is mentioned as the head of the expedition, had travelled to Punt "in order to extract tribute from the natives" who admit their allegiance to the Egyptian pharaoh.
In reality, Nehsi's expedition was a simple trading mission to a land, Punt, which was by this time a well-established trading post.
Moreover, Nehsi's visit to Punt was not inordinately brave since he was "accompanied by at least five shiploads of [Egyptian] marines" and greeted warmly by the chief of Punt and his immediate family.
The Puntites "traded not only in their own produce of incense, ebony and short-horned cattle, but [also] in goods from other African states including gold, ivory and animal skins."
According to the temple reliefs, the Land of Punt was ruled at that time by King Parahu and Queen Ati.
This well illustrated expedition of Hatshepsut occurred in Year 9 of the female pharaoh's reign with the blessing of the god Amun:
The Egyptians were not particularly good at travelling at sea.
For them, the travel to Punt must have been similar to modern-day explorers travelling to the moon.
But the reward [of obtaining frankincense, ebony and myrrh]  clearly outweighed the risks.
Hatshepsut's 18th dynasty successors, such as Thutmose III and Amenhotep III also continued the Egyptian tradition of trading with Punt.
The trade with Punt continued into the start of the 20th dynasty before terminating before the end of Egypt's New Kingdom.
Papyrus Harris I, a contemporary Egyptian document which detailed events that occurred in the reign of the early 20th dynasty king Ramesses III, includes an explicit description of an Egyptian expedition's return from Punt:
Ta netjer
At times, the ancient Egyptians called Punt Ta netjer, meaning "God's Land".
This referred to the fact that it was among the regions of the Sun God, that is, the regions in the direction of the sunrise, to the East of Egypt.
These eastern regions' resources included products used in temples, notably incense.
Older literature (and current non-mainstream literature) maintained that the label "God's Land", when interpreted as "Holy Land" or "Land of the gods/ancestors", meant that the ancient Egyptians viewed the Land of Punt as their ancestral homeland.
W. M. Flinders Petrie believed that the Dynastic Race came from or through Punt  and E. A. Wallis Budge stated that "Egyptian tradition of the Dynastic Period held that the aboriginal home of the Egyptians was Punt...".
Queen Ati, shown in the reliefs of Hatshepsut, demonstrate advanced Steatopygia, associated though not limited to Khoi-San people of East and South Africa.
It has been suggested that this may be evidence of the survival of Khoi-San cultures since the Sangoan culture in North Eastern Africa prior to the arrival of Cushitic speaking cultures in the region.
The products of Punt (as they are shown in Hatshepsut's temple) are easily found in the Horn of Africa.
They are less common or absent in Arabia.
For this reason, most scholars think that Punt was in Northeast Africa.
These products included gold and aromatic resins such as myrrh, frankincense, and ebony; the wild animals depicted in Punt included giraffes, baboons, hippopotami, and leopards.
According to Richard Pankhurst: "[Punt] has been identified with territory on both the Arabian and the Horn of Africa coasts.
Consideration of the articles which the Egyptians obtained from Punt, notably gold and ivory, suggests, however, that these were primarily of African origin. ...
This leads us to suppose that the term Punt probably applied more to African than Arabian territory.
"Hatshepsut's Temple at Deir El Bahari By Frederick Monderson
Some scholars disagree with this view and point to a range of ancient inscriptions which locate Punt in Arabia.
Dimitri Meeks has written that "Texts locating Punt beyond doubt to the south are in the minority, but they are the only ones cited in the current consensus about the location of the country.
Punt, we are told by the Egyptians, is – in relation to the Nile Valley – both to the north, in contact with the countries of the Near East of the Mediterranean area, and also to the east or south-east, while its furthest borders are far away to the south.
Only the Arabian Peninsula satisfies all these indications."
In 2010, a genetic study was conducted on the mummified remains of baboons that were brought back from Punt by the ancient Egyptians.
Led by a research team from the Egyptian Museum and the University of California, the scientists used oxygen isotope analysis to examine hairs from two baboon mummies that had been preserved in the British Museum.
One of the baboons had distorted isotopic data, so the other's oxygen isotope values were compared to those of modern-day baboon specimens from regions of interest.
The researchers at first found that the mummies most closely matched modern specimens seen in Eritrea and Ethiopia as opposed to those in neighboring Somalia, with the Ethiopian specimens "basically due west from Eritrea".
The team did not have the opportunity to compare the mummies with baboons in Yemen.
The scientists believed that such an analysis would yield similar results since, according to them, regional isotopic maps suggest that baboons in Yemen would closely resemble those in Somalia.
Professor Dominy, one of the lead researchers, concluded from this that "we think Punt is a sort of circumscribed region that includes eastern Ethiopia and all of Eritrea."
In 2015, the scientists conducted a followup study to confirm their initial findings, and concluded that "our results reveal a high likelihood match with eastern Somalia and the Eritrea-Ethiopia corridor, suggesting that this region was the source of Papio hamadryas exported to Ancient Egypt."
Fattovich, Rodolfo.
1991. "
The Problem of Punt in the Light of the Recent Field Work in the Eastern Sudan".
In Akten des vierten internationalen Ägyptologen Kongresses, München 1985, edited by Sylvia Schoske.
4 of 4 vols.
Hamburg: Helmut Buske Verlag.
257–272.
Punt: The Archaeological Perspective".
In Sesto congresso internazionale de egittologia: Atti, edited by Gian Maria Zaccone and Tomaso Ricardi di Netro.
2 of 2 vols.
Torino: Italgas.
399–405.
Herzog, Rolf.
Abhandlungen des Deutsches Archäologischen Instituts Kairo, Ägyptische Reihe 6.
Glückstadt: Verlag J. J. Augustin.
O'Connor, David (1994), Ancient Nubia: Egypt's Rival in Africa, University of Pennsylvania Press, pp.
Wicker, F. D. P. (July, 1998), "The Road to Punt", The Geographical Journal.
164, no.
155-167
Older literature
Johannes Dümichen: Die Flotte einer ägyptischen Königin, Leipzig, 1868.
Wilhelm Max Müller: Asien und Europa nach altägyptischen Denkmälern, Leipzig, 1893.
Adolf Erman: Life in Ancient Egypt, London, 1894.
Édouard Naville: "Deir-el-Bahri" in Egypt Exploration Fund, Memoirs XII, XIII, XIV, and XIX, London, 1894 et seq.
James Henry Breasted: A History of the Ancient Egyptians'', New York, 1908.
The Land of Puntwith quotes from Breasted (1906) and Petrie (1939)
Queen Hatasu, and Her Expedition to the Land of Punt by Amelia Ann Blanford Edwards (1891)
Deir el-Bahri: Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut
Hall of Punt at Deir el-Bahri; and Where was Punt?
discussion by Dr. Karl H. Leser
Queen of Punt syndrome
News reports on Wadi Gawasis excavations
Archaeologists discover ancient ships in Egypt (Boston University Bridge, 18 March 2005).
Excavations at Wadi Gawasis, possibly the ancient Egyptian port Saaw.
Remains of ancient Egyptian seafaring ships discovered  (New Scientist, 23 March 2005).
Sailing to distant lands(Al Ahram, 2 June 2005).
Ancient ship remains are unearthed(Deutsche Press Agentur, 26 January 2006).
4,000-year-old shipyard unearthed in Egypt (MSNBC, 6 March 2006).
Eischoll (Walliser German: Eyschol) is a municipality of the district of Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.
Ferden is a municipality of the district Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.
Filet was a municipality, in the new municipality of Mörel-Filet and the district of Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.
Grengiols is a municipality of the district of Raron of the canton of Valais in Switzerland.
Sihlbrugg is a village in the municipality of Baar (ZG), Hausen am Albis (ZH), Hirzel (ZH) and Neuheim (ZG) in the canton of Zug and Zurich in Switzerland.
Villages in Zürich
Mülenen is a village in the municipality of Reichenbach im Kandertal in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
Dumbarton (Dùn Breatainn or 'fort of the Britons'} is a town in West Dunbartonshire, Scotland.
It is on the north bank of the River Clyde where the River Leven flows into the Clyde estuary.
In 2006, it had an estimated population of 19,990.
Dumbarton Castle, on top of Dumbarton Rock, dominates the area.
Dumbarton was a Royal burgh between 1222 and 1975.
Dumbarton became a centre for shipbuilding, glassmaking, and whisky production.
However, these industries have declined.
Dumbarton today is more a commuter town for Glasgow  east-southeast of it.
Dumbarton F.C. is the local football club.
Roy Asberry Cooper III (born June 13, 1957) is an American politician.
He is currently the 75th Governor of North Carolina.
He served as the Attorney General of North Carolina from 2001 to 2017.
He was a member of the North Carolina State Senate.
Cooper is a member of the North Carolina Democratic Party.
He ran for Governor of North Carolina in the 2016 election against incumbent Pat McCrory.
On December 5, McCrory conceded the election, making Cooper the first challenger to defeat a sitting governor in North Carolina since 1850.
Cooper took office as the 75th governor of North Carolina on January 1, 2017.
The Republican-dominated legislature passed bills in a special session before he took office to reduce his power.
The Marne is a river in France.
It is a right tributary of the Seine in the area east and southeast of Paris.
Four departments are named after it: Haute-Marne, Marne, Seine-et-Marne and Val-de-Marne.
Its average yearly discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is  at Gournay-sur-Marne in the Seine-Saint-Denis department, for a period of 44 years.
Average monthly discharge (m3/s) at Gournay-sur-Marne
The source of the Marne river is in the Plateau de Langres, in the commune of Balesmes-sur-Marne, at an altitude of about , in the Haute-Marne department.
It flows generally to the north then turns to the west between Saint-Dizier and Châlons-en-Champagne.
The Marne river flows through 3 regions, 7 departments and 218 communes.
Haute-Marne : Langres, Chaumont, Saint-Dizier
Marne : Vitry le François, Châlons-en-Champagne, Épernay
Aisne : Château-Thierry
Seine-et-Marne : Meaux, Lagny-sur-Marne, Saint-Thibault-des-Vignes, Torcy, Noisiel, Vaires-sur-Marne, Chelles
Seine-Saint-Denis :  Gournay-sur-Marne, Noisy-le-Grand, Neuilly-sur-Marne, Neuilly-Plaisance
Grand Paris
Val-de-Marne : Nogent-sur-Marne, Créteil, Charenton-le-Pont, Champigny-sur-Marne, Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, Joinville-le-Pont, Saint-Maurice, Bry-sur-Marne, Le Perreux-sur-Marne, Maisons-Alfort
Suize - 48.6 km
Blaise - 85.6 km
Fion - 21.3 km
Coole - 30.2 km
Somme-Soude - 59.9 km
Surmelin - 41.5 km
Petit Morin - 86 km
Grand Morin - 120 km
Guenelle - 30.1 km
Traire - 29 km
Rognon - 73.3 km
Moivre - 22.8 km
Saulx - 127 km
Ourcq - 87 km
Thérouanne - 23.3 km
Beuvronne - 23.9 km
Painters of the Marne
Camille Corot;
Paul Cézanne;
Pierre Emmanuel Damoye;
Camille Pissarro;
Henri Rousseau, known as "Le Douanier Rousseau";
Albert Marquet;
Raoul Dufy;
André Dunoyer de Ségonzac;
Louis Vuillermoz;
Maurice Boitel;
Daniel du Janerand.
Wilbur Louis Ross, Jr. (born November 28, 1937) is an American politician, investor, businessman and former banker.
Ross was the 39th United States Secretary of Commerce from February 28, 2017 to January 20, 2021
Ross is known as the "King of Bankruptcy” for his experience in buying bankrupt companies, primarily in the manufacturing and steel industries, and later selling them for a large profit after operations improve.
He was known for restructuring failed companies in industries such as steel, coal, telecommunications, foreign investment and textiles.
Ross was born on November 28, 1937 in Weehawken, New Jersey.
He grew up in suburban New Jersey.
His father, Wilbur Louis Ross, Sr.,
was a lawyer who later became a judge, and his mother, Agnes (O'Neill), was a school teacher.
Ross had support of the local Steelworkers Union, negotiating a deal with them to "save" Pennsylvania's steel industry.
Leo Gerard, international president of the United Steelworkers union stated about Ross that "he was open and accessible and candid and honest and he put a lot of money back into the mills, so literally tens of thousands of jobs were saved."
Ross sold International Steel Group to Mittal Steel Company for $4.5 billion, half in cash and half in stock, in April 2005.
Ross combined Burlington Industries and Cone Mills in 2004 to form International Textile Group.
ITG operates five businesses, all of which operate under separate brand names: Cone Denim, Burlington Apparel Fabrics, Home Furnishings, Carlisle Finishing and Nano-Tex.
In 2005, Ross purchased 77.3% of Safety Components International for $51.2 million.
In 2006, Ross merged the firm into his International Textile Group.
Ross founded the International Coal Group, which was formed after several coal companies went bankrupt.
The United Mine Workers of America protested the bankruptcy reorganization as it led to changes in health care and pensions for the existing employees.
United States Secretary of Commerce (2017–2021)
On November 24, 2016, it was reported by the Associated Press that Ross will be tapped for United States Secretary of Commerce by the incoming Trump Administration.
The Trump transition team confirmed the intent to nominate him on November 30, 2016.
Ross was confirmed by the United States senate on February 27, 2017 by a 72-27 vote from the United States senate.
He was sworn in by Vice President Mike Pence the next day.
Ross married Judith Nodine in 1961.
Ross and Nodine divorced in 1995.
His second wife was former New York Lt.
Governor Betsy McCaughey.
They married in 1995 and divorced in 2000.
On October 9, 2004, Ross married his third wife, Hilary Geary, a society writer for Quest magazine.
Elaine Lan Chao-McConnell (; born March 26, 1953) is an American politician.
She was the 18th United States Secretary of Transportation from January 31, 2017 to January 11, 2021 during the Donald Trump administration.
She served as the 24th United States Secretary of Labor under President George W. Bush from 2001 to 2009, and Deputy Secretary of Transportation under President George H. W. Bush.
She was the first Asian-American woman and the first Taiwanese American in U.S. history to be appointed to a U.S. president's cabinet.
Chao was born in Taipei, Taiwan.
Her parents were Ruth Mulan Chu Chao (1930–2007) and James S. C. Chao (born 1927).
Her parents immigrated to the United States in 1961.
She studied at Mount Holyoke College in Massachusetts and at Harvard University.
United States Secretary of Labor (2001–2009)
Chao was the only cabinet member in the George W. Bush administration to serve for the entirety of his eight years.
She was also the longest-serving Secretary of Labor since Frances Perkins, who served from 1933 to 1945, under President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
United States Secretary of Transport (2017–2021)
On January 31, 2017, the United States Senate confirmed Chao's nomination with a 93-6 vote.
She assumed office on the same day, with Vice President Mike Pence swearing her in.
Following the 2021 United States Capitol attack, Chao announced her resignation as Secretary of Transportation on January 7, 2021.
She resigned on January 11, 2021.
Chao is married to Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell of Kentucky.
Heritage Foundation profile
Elaine Chao history at Department of Labor
Elaine Chao   Video produced by Makers: Women Who Make America
msb.georgetown.edu
Thomas Edmunds "Tom" Price (born October 8, 1954) is an American physician and politician.
He is the 23rd United States Secretary of Health and Human Services serving from February 10, 2017 to September 29, 2017.
Price was U.S. Representative for , serving from  2005 through 2017.
He formerly served as chairman of the Republican Study Committee and the Republican Policy Committee.
Price was born in Lansing, Michigan.
He studied at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
He moved to Atlanta, Georgia in the 1980s.
United States representative (2005–2017)
Price served as a United States representative from 2005 through 2017.
Price's district served the northern suburbs of Atlanta.
Price served as chairman of the House Budget Committee.
United States Secretary of Health and Human Services (2017)
On February 1, 2017, the Senate Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Committee approved his nomination by a vote of 11-0 with all Democrats boycotting the vote, sending the nomination to the Senate floor.
On February 10, the Senate confirmed Price in an 52-47 vote.
In a series of reports in September 2017, Politico reported that since May 2017, Price had expended more than $1 million of Department funds for his own travel on private charter jets and military aircraft.
Many of the flights were between cities that are easily accessible by train or car and have frequent, low-cost commercial airline service.
Price is married to Betty Price.
They have one son together.
Price is a Presbyterian.
Congressman Tom Price  official House site
James Norman "Mad Dog" Mattis (born September 8, 1950) is a retired United States Marine Corps general and was the 26th United States Secretary of Defense.
On January 20, 2017, the United States Senate confirmed Mattis' nomination as Defense secretary with a 98-1 vote.
He last served as the 11th Commander of United States Central Command from August 11, 2010 to March 22, 2013.
On December 20, 2018, Mattis announced his plans to retire on February 28, 2019.
However after reading his resignation letter criticizing Trump's treatment of American allies, Trump ordered Mattis fired on December 31, 2018.
Mattis was born on September 8, 1950, in Pullman, Washington.
He was raised in Richland, Washington.
Mattis earned a BA degree in history from Central Washington University in 1971.
Mattis is known for carrying out the COIN strategy.
Before President Obama appointed him to replace General Petraeus on August 11, 2010, he commanded United States Joint Forces Command from November 9, 2007 to August 2010 and served as NATO's Supreme Allied Commander Transformation from November 9, 2007 to September 8, 2009 at the same time.
Prior to that, he commanded I Marine Expeditionary Force, United States Marine Forces Central Command, and 1st Marine Division during the Iraq War.
United States Secretary of Defense (2017–2018)
On December 1, 2016, President-elect Donald Trump announced that Mattis would be nominated to serve as United States Secretary of Defense in the coming administration.
He was confirmed by the United States Senate with a 98-1 vote.
On the same day, he was sworn-in by Vice President Mike Pence.
On April 5, 2017, Mattis called the Khan Shaykhun chemical attack "a heinous act" and said it would be treated accordingly.
On April 10, Mattis warned the Syrian government against using chemical weapons again.
Mattis has voiced support for a Saudi Arabian–led military campaign against Yemen's Shiite rebels.
He asked Trump to remove restrictions on U.S. military support for Saudi Arabia.
Mattis insisted that the U.S. would remain in Syria following the defeat of ISIS to ensure they did not regroup.
However, Trump announced the U.S. withdrawal from Syria on December 19.
The next day, Mattis submitted his resignation after failing to persuade Trump to reconsider.
In his resignation letter, Mattis criticized Trump for not respecting allied nations while criticizing China and Russia's authoritarian rule.
In response to the letter, Trump ordered Mattis' firing on January 1, nearly two months earlier than Mattis planned leaving office.
Mattis is a lifelong bachelor who has never been married and has no children.
He is nicknamed "The Warrior Monk" because of his bachelor life and lifelong devotion to the study of war.
Official Marine Corps biography