the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
Kumud Dhital - he is one of the members of the team that first transplanted a heart donated after circulatory death (DCD), where the heart has stopped beating; he is a surgeon.
Nancy Adams, got the awards,  Queen's Service Order, and the New Zealand 1990 Commemoration Medal.
Botany; died in 2007
Margaret Cruickshank, the first registered woman doctor in New Zealand; died in 1918
Fred Hollows; Medicine, surgery, ophthalmology; died in 1993
Ernest Rutherford -  he got the Nobel Prize in Chemistry; nuclear physicist, and chemist; he died in 1937
Pat Suggate, creator of the "Suggate rank scheme", which is used internationally by oil exploration companies to measure the oil and gas potential of sedimentary rocks; fellowship at Royal Society of New Zealand; died in 2016
Maurice Wilkins, got the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine; his fields were Physics, Molecular biology; died in 2004
Ri Sung-gi (He is the inventor of Vinalon, and he got the Lenin Prize)
Ion Creangă - he wrote books, including Childhood Memories; the education theorist died in 1889
George Emil Palade - he and two others got one  Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine; the cell biologist died in 2008.
Ion Heliade Rădulescu - the first president of the Romanian Academy; the linguist died in 1802
Codrin Țapu - known as a writer about hypostatic approach to personality, and hypostatic abstraction" (en); he is a psychologist
Leonid Kantorovich - Russian mathematician
Sofya Kovalevskaya - Russian mathematician
Hikuna Judge, collected the first known sample of the Vangunu giant rat; Tyrone Lavery and Judge gave the first species description (for the Vangunu giant rat)
Santiago Ramón y Cajal - Spanish scientist
Yanghee Choi - he is a former minister of Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning; he is a computer scientist.
Leonhard Euler, was the first to show the notion of (or idea about), a mathematical function; died in 1783
Phraya Anuman Ratchathon - he was the first Thai scholar to conduct a serious study of Thai folkloristics, taking notes on the nocturnal village spirits of Thai folklore; the anthropologist and ethnographer died in 1969
Abbas Bahri, introduced the method of the critical points at infinity, which is a fundamental step in the calculus of variations; Mathematics, Variational analysis; died in 2016
Feza Gürsey, took part in the formulation of E(6) grand unified theories; Mathematical physics; died in 1992
Kostiantyn Sytnyk - he was a Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada (a parliament) of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic;  Botany; he died in 2017
Thomas Edison - he and his workers made "the first practical incandescent light bulb"; died in 1931
Ngô Bảo Châu - best known for proving the fundamental lemma for automorphic forms (en).
He is the first Vietnamese national to have received the Fields Medal; mathematician
The single non-transferable vote (often Abbreviated to S.N.T.V.) is an electoral system for multiple member electoral districts.
It is an electoral system which can produce an proportional result but it will depend on the district's magnitude (the number of representatives in the electoral district) if there is more members in each electoral district the more proportional the result will be.
In many cases the single non-transferable vote has been replaced by other voting systems.
The voters select one candidate on the ballot
All votes are counted
The three candidates with the highest number of votes win
Current Usage
Afghanistan's House of Peoples.
Kuwait's National assembly.
Indonesia's Regional Representative Council.
Puerto Rico's Legislative Assembly (only for 11 seats in the Senate and 11 seats in The House of Representatives).
Japan's House of Councillors (only for 146 seats).
Taiwan's Legislative Yuan (only for the six aboriginal seats).
Vanuatu's Parliament.
Green florescent protein (GFP) is a protein that is found in moon jellyfish.
It helps scientists look at cell molecules.
There is another substance the is called RFP that serves the same purpose but is red, and is found in coral.
For GFP scientists have learned that if you take away one molecule it can change the whole color of the substance, along with if you add a molecule to the original substance it will also change the color.
Scientists have made the colors cyan (ECFP) and pink (mRaspberry).
The GFP is a florescent substance that is kind of like a highlighter.
Helen Foster Snow (September 21, 1907 – January 11, 1997) was an American journalist.
She lived in China in the 1930s.
Helen Foster was born in Cedar City, Utah.
She grew up in the The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).
Her parents were John Moody Foster and Hannah Davis.
They met while working as teachers at Ricks Academy, a school connected with the LDS Church.
Hannah went to school at Ricks Academy.
John went to Stanford University.
Both of Helen's parents were the children of Mormon pioneers.
The pioneers came to Utah in the mid-1800s.
When Helen was young, the Foster family moved a lot.
After Helen was born, the Fosters moved to Chicago so John could go to law school.
Many years later, the family moved back to Idaho.
Moving a lot made Helen more outgoing.
She cared about what her new classmates thought of her.
Because she was the oldest child and only daughter of the family, she had to help a lot as the family grew.
She often worked with her mother to care for her three younger brothers and do chores.
This was needed even more when the Fosters did not have a lot of money.
Helen moved to Salt Lake City when she started high school.
She lived with her grandmother and aunt.
She went to West High School and did many school activities.
She  worked on the school's yearbook.
She was the student vice president of her senior class.
Helen planned to go to college at Stanford, like her father.
But the cost of school was too much for her parents.
Helen said her parents thought that girls could only get married.
They thought it was a waste of money for her to go to school.
But Helen's father did pay for her to go to the University of Utah.
She went to school there for many years, but she did not graduate.
Instead of going to school, Helen worked.
She got a job as a secretary for the Utah chapter (a part of a large group in one area) of the American Silver Mining Commission.
While working there, she learned that she wanted to work in other countries.
She also dreamed of  writing her own "great American novel".
Helen took the civil service exam and passed.
First, she wanted to work in Europe.
But there were no places open for her to work in civil service in Europe.
Her boss had a connection in China.
This helped Helen get a job with the president of an American company in Shanghai.
In August 1931, Helen moved to Asia with hopes of becoming a writer.
Aldus Pius Manutius (ca.
1452 – February 6, 1515) was a person who printed books in Venice, Italy during the Italian Renaissance.
He started a company to print books called the Aldine Press in 1494.
He was one of the first people to use modern printing ideas.
He also printed small books that were easy to carry.
Early life and printing press
Manutius was born in Bassiano, in the Papal States, in what is now the province of Latina, about 100 km south of Rome.
He was born during the Italian Renaissance period.
His family was well off, and in the early 1470s Manutius was sent to Rome to be taught as a scholar of human society and culture.
He studied Latin under Gaspare da Verona and was also taught by Domizio Calderini.
In 1475–1478 he studied Greek in Ferrara, under Guarino da Verona.
Manutius became a citizen of the town Carpi in March 1480.
In 1482 he went to live in Mirandola with his old friend and fellow student, Giovanni Pico, while staying away from the Venetian army.
He lived there for two years, learning about Greek literature.
Before Pico moved to Florence, he made Manutius the teacher to his sister's sons, Alberto and Leonello Pio, who were young royal sons of the town of Carpi.
In Carpi, Manutius grew close with his student, Alberto Pio.
At the end of the 1480s Manutius created two works addressed to his two students and their mother, Caterina Pico.
Both works were printed by Baptista de Tortis in Venice — Musarum panagyris with its Epistola Catherinae Piae, March/May 1487 – March 1491 and the Paraenesis, 1490.
This would serve as Manutius's start in publishing.
Aldine Press
In 1494 Manutius made the Aldine Press in Venice.
The Aldine Press printed its first material in February 1495.
Pier Francesco Barbarigo owned half of the Aldine Press.
Andrea Torresani owned the other half.
Manutius shared part of what Torresani owned with him.
Aldus Manutius wanted to save ancient Greek literature.
He wanted to make it so that everybody could read what the Greeks had written a very long time ago.
He did this by printing copies of things they had written.
He wanted to make the letters he used in printing to look like the handwriting of Latin and Greek humanists.
People in Venice usually wrote in curly connected letters.
Printing presses only used square looking letters back then.
By making letters that were all connected and curly, Manutius could make the things he printed more personal.
Manutius paid Francesco Griffo of Bologna to make the new letters used in the printing press.
The letters that Griffo made were used to print Cardinal Pietro Bembo's De Aetna in 1495.
These letters were also the first model of italic type.
The letters were used until 1501.
Samuel Brannan (March 2, 1819 – May 5, 1889) was an American businessman.
He was a member of the The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
He started the first newspaper in San Francisco, which was called The California Star.
He was the first person to tell everyone about the gold in California during the California Gold Rush.
He was also the first person millionaire of the Gold Rush
Brannan moved to Yerba Buena, a place in northern California.
He talked with the people who lived there and decided that the land by the Sacramento River would be a safe place for the Mormons to live.
A lot of people didn't agree with him, so the new city didn't work.
Brannan was the first person to do a lot of things there, like building a flour mill (a place that makes bread) and teaching in English.
Brannan started the first newspaper in San Francisco, which was called The California Star, on January 9, 1847.
Brannan sold the newspaper to a friend, and then it was called The Daily Alta California.
In June 1847, Brannan went to Green River, Wyoming, to meet with Brigham Young, who was the head of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
Young was leading a group of Mormons to the Great Basin area.
Brannan wanted Young to bring the Mormons to California, but Young wanted to stay in Utah.
Brannan wasn't happy about that, and went back to California.
Brannan was the only church leader in California, so the Mormons paid him their tithes (a small part of their money).
But there is no record of Brannan sending the money to his church leaders in Utah, so it's possible that he kept it for himself.
Many members stopped paying him and moved to the Salt Lake valley, where most of the other Mormons were.
Father René Laurentin (October 19, 1917 – September 10, 2017) was a French theologian.
Guide to the Father Rene Laurentin collection
Catholic honor
Donald Winfred "Don" Ohlmeyer Jr. (February 3, 1945 – September 10, 2017) was an American television producer and president of the NBC network's west coast division.
He was a professor of television communications at Pepperdine University in Malibu, California.
He served as ombudsman for ESPN.com for 18 months; that term ended in January 2011.
Don Ohlmeyer Receives Lifetime Achievement Award
Don Ohlmeyer hired as ESPN Ombudsman
Don Ohlmeyer inducted into Sports Broadcasting HOF
Don Ohlmeyer's ESPN Biography
Len Wein (; June 12, 1948 – September 10, 2017) was an American comic book writer and editor.
Additionally, he was the editor for writer Alan Moore and illustrator Dave Gibbons' influential DC miniseries Watchmen.
Len Wein interview at Fantastic Four Headquarters
Len Wein  at Mike's Amazing World of Comics
Len Wein at the Unofficial Handbook of Marvel Comics Creators
Thomas Morrow Reavley (June 21, 1921 – December 1, 2020) was an American judge.
He served as Senior United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit from July 13, 1979 until his death.
Reavley was born in Quitman, Texas.
He studied at University of Texas, Austin, at Harvard University and at the University of Virginia.
He was in the United States Navy from 1942 to 1946.
Reavley was married to fellow Fifth Circuit judge Carolyn Dineen King from 2004 until his death.
University of Texas Law Library biography
Frosinone  is a city and a comune in the Lazio region of Central Italy, the capital of the province of Frosinone.
The city is about  southeast of Rome.
The comune of Frosinone has an area of  and its altitude is  above sea level.
The comune borders with the  comuni Alatri, Arnara, Ceccano, Ferentino, Patrica, Supino, Torrice, Veroli.
The following frazioni (hamlets) are part of the comune of Frosinoneː Capo Barile Nicolia, Cerreto, Cinque Vie, Colle Cannuccio, Farnito, Fontana Grande, Impratessa, La Cervona, Lago Maniano, Le Noci, Le Pignatelle, Le Rase, Pratillo, San Liberatore, Selva Dei Muli, Valle Contessa, Vetiche I.
, there are 46,120 persons (22,004 males and 24,116 females) living in the comune, for a population density of  inhabitants/km².
Elmwood Park, United States
Tecumseh, Canada
Nocera Umbra, Italy
Ponza, Italy
Frosinone official website
Province of Frosinone official website
Robert Joseph "Bob" Cenker (born November 5, 1948) is an American engineer, and former astronaut.
In January 1986, Cenker was a crew member on the seventh flight of Space Shuttle Columbia.
Cenker was a type of astronaut called a Payload Specialist.
This mission was the final flight before the Challenger explosion, which ended the Space Shuttle program until 1988.
As a result, Cenker's mission was called "The End of Innocence" for the Shuttle.
Cenker was born on November 5, 1948, and raised near Uniontown, Pennsylvania.
He started his education at St. Fidelis College Seminary in Herman, Pennsylvania, leaving in 1962.
He later attended Uniontown Joint Senior High School and graduated in 1966.
Cenker enrolled at Penn State University in 1970 where he earned a Bachelor of Science degree in aerospace engineering.
He continued his studies at Penn State and earned a Master of Science degree in 1973, also in aerospace engineering.
Cenker earned a second Master of Science (M Sc.)
degree in Electrical Engineering from Rutgers University in 1977.
Pre-spaceflight career
Cenker worked for 18 years at RCA Astro-Electronics and its successor company GE Astro Space.
He also worked on in-orbit operations, as well as spacecraft assembly, test control, and pre-launch operations.
He spent two years on the Navy navigation satellite program, but spent most of his career working on commercial communications satellites.
Cenker's positions included integration and test manager for the Satcom D and E spacecraft, where he was responsible for all launch site activities.
He also served as spacecraft bus manager on the Spacenet/GStar programs.
He was responsible for ensuring the spacecraft bus could interface with multiple rockets, including the Delta, Space Shuttle, and Ariane launch vehicles.
Spaceflight experience
As an incentive for a spacecraft owner to contract with NASA to use a Shuttle launch instead of an unmanned, commercial launch system, NASA permitted contracting companies to apply for a Payload Specialist seat on the same mission.
When RCA contracted with NASA to launch Satcom Ku-1, RCA Astro-Electronics' manager of systems engineering for the Satcom-K program Bob Cenker, and his co-worker Gerard Magilton, were selected to train as Payload Specialists.
Cenker and Magilton trained with career astronauts as well as other Payload and Mission Specialists, including those scheduled for the next scheduled flight, that of the Challenger mission, STS-51-L.
This flight of Columbia was originally scheduled to occur in August 1985, but the timeline slipped.
In July 1985 the payload was finalized to include the RCA satellite, and Cenker was assigned to the mission, now designated as STS-61-C. Magilton was assigned as the back-up.
Prior to its successful launch, Columbia had several aborted launch attempts, including one on January 6 which was "one of the most hazardous in the shuttle’s operational history" to that point, as well as a near-catastrophic abort three days later.
Referring to the January 9 abort, pilot Charlie Bolden later stated that it “...would have been catastrophic, because the engine would have exploded had we launched.”
Columbia ultimately launched and achieved orbit on January 12, 1986, with a full crew of seven.
Along with Cenker, the crew included Robert L. "Hoot" Gibson, future NASA Administrator Charles F. Bolden, George D. Nelson, Steven A. Hawley, Franklin R. Chang-Diaz, and US Representative Bill Nelson.
Cenker and his crewmates traveled over 2.1 million miles in 96 orbits aboard Columbia and logged over 146 hours in space.
During the six-day mission, January 12–18, Cenker performed a variety of physiological tests, operated a primary experiment – an infrared imaging camera – and assisted with the deployment of RCA Americom's Satcom Ku-1 satellite, the primary mission objective.
Satcom K-1 was deployed nearly 10 hours into the mission, and Satcom later reached its geostationary “slot” at 85 degrees West longitude where it remained operational until April 1997, the last major commercial satellite deployed by the space shuttle program.
The next Shuttle launch, ten days after the return of Columbia, resulted in the destruction of Challenger with the loss of all aboard, including Cenker's counterpart from Hughes Aircraft, civilian crew member and Payload Specialist Greg Jarvis.
Accordingly, commander Gibson later called the STS-61-C mission "The End of Innocence" for the Shuttle Program.
Following the Challenger disaster, the shuttle fleet was grounded until 1988.
Even after Shuttle missions resumed, civilian Payload Specialists like Cenker were excluded until the Payload Specialist program was reinstated on December 2, 1990 when Samuel T. Durrance, an Applied Physics Laboratory astrophysicist and Ronald A. Parise, a Computer Sciences Corporation astronomer, flew aboard STS-35.
By that time, RCA had been purchased by General Electric, and RCA Astro-Electronics became part of GE.
Following two additional ownership transitions, the facility was closed in 1998.
As  a result, Cenker was the only RCA Astro-Electronics employee, and only employee in the history of the facility under all of its subsequent names, to ever fly in space.
NASA's Payload Specialist program has been criticized for giving limited Shuttle flight positions to civilian aerospace engineers such as Cenker and Greg Jarvis (killed aboard Challenger), politicians such as Bill Nelson, and others civilians such as Teacher in Space Christa McAuliffe (also killed aboard Challenger).
Even the flight of former Mercury astronaut and US Senator John Glenn was questioned.
The concern was that these people had replaced career astronauts in very limited flight opportunities, and some may have flown without fully understanding the level of danger involved in a Shuttle mission.
Post-spaceflight
Following the completion of his shuttle mission, Cenker returned to work in the civilian aerospace field.
Cenker's last two years with RCA Astro-Electronics and it's successor GE Astro Space were spent as Manager of Payload Accommodations on an EOS spacecraft program.
After leaving GE, Cenker served as a consultant for various aerospace companies regarding micro-gravity research, and spacecraft design, assembly and flight operations.
Cenker supported systems engineering and systems architecture studies for various spacecraft projects, including smallsats, military communications satellites, and large, assembled-in-orbit platforms.
His contributions included launch vehicle evaluation and systems engineering support for Motorola on Iridium, and launch readiness for the Globalstar constellation.
Other efforts include systems engineering and operations support for INTELSAT on Intelsat K and Intelsat VIII, for AT&T on Telstar 401 and 402, for Fairchild-Matra  on SPAS III, for Martin Marietta on Astra 1B, BS-3N, ACTS, and for the Lockheed Martin Series 7000 communications satellites.
In 2017, Cenker's STS-61C crewmate former US Senator Bill Nelson spoke at a session of the US House of Representatives.
In an address, titled "Mission to Mars and Space Shuttle Flight 30th Anniversary", he read into the Congressional Record the details of the mission of STS-61C, as well as the names and function of each crew member including Cenker.
Professional societies
Associate Fellow in the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA)
Life Member of the Penn State Alumni Association
Life Member of the Association of Space Explorers
Registered Professional Engineer in the state of New Jersey
Senior Member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Sigma Gamma Tau
Tau Beta Pi
NASA biography of Robert Cenker
STS-61C Press Kit
NASA: 61-C Mission Page
Space Shuttle Flight 24 (STS-61C) Post Flight Presentation on YouTube
Richard Petty Motorsports is a NASCAR team that is owned by Richard Petty.
They currently field the #43 Chevrolet Camaro for driver Darrell Wallace Jr. in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series.
Joe Gibbs Racing is a professional NASCAR team owned by former Washington Redskins coach Joe Gibbs.
Their current drivers are Denny Hamlin, Kyle Busch, Daniel Suarez, and Matt Kenseth.
The AFL Grand Final is a football match (Australian Rules Football) held between the teams who won in the Preliminary Final the week before.
This match normally takes place at the MCG on the last Saturday of September.
The winner of this match is crowned as the best team of the season and gets the Premiership Cup.
Today, about 10 million girls around the world are in an organization called Girl Guides.
It started over 100 years ago.
Around 1907 in England, Robert Baden-Powell started an organization called Boy Scouts.
He taught boys how to camp and live outdoors.
In 1909, Baden-Powell held a big event for Boy Scouts.
Many girls said they wanted to join, too.
Baden-Powell wanted to have boys and girls in different groups, so he started Girl Guides that year.
In 1910, his younger sister Agnes became the leader.
The girls learned how to camp, and they also learned how to take care of children.
By 1912, there were Girl Guides in many other countries such as Australia, Denmark, and the United States.
All Girl Guides learn a lot about life and things that are not taught at school.
They have special rules about the way to live.
They have to try and do something nice for someone else every day.
When something bad happens, they must be strong.
They must be ready for anything, so their slogan is "Be Prepared."
In 1926, leaders of the Girl Guides from around the world met in a town in New York.
At the meeting, they decided to make a special day for Girl Guides in all countries.
They chose February 22 because it was the birthday of Robert Baden-Powell.
It is called World Thinking Day.
Now, on this day every year, Girl Guides around the world celebrate with special events and study about other countries and cultures.
Tanjore District was one of the districts in the erstwhile Madras Presidency of British India.
It covered the area of the present-day districts of Thanjavur, Tiruvarur and Nagapattinam and the Aranthangi taluk of Pudukkottai District in Tamil Nadu.
Thanjavur was a centre of Chola cultural heritage and one of the richest and most prosperous districts in Madras Presidency.
Tanjore district was constituted in 1799 when the Thanjavur Maratha ruler Serfoji II ceded most of his kingdom to the British East India Company in return for his restitution on the throne.
Tanjore district, which is situated on the Cauvery Delta, is one of the richest rice-growing regions in South India.
It was scarcely affected by famines such as the Great Famine of 1876–78.
Tanjore District covered a total area of 9,600 square kilometres (3,710 sq mi).
It had a population of 2,245,029 in 1901.
The population density was 234 inhabitants per square kilometre (605/sq mi).
As per the 1901 census statistics, Tanjore was the fifth most populous district in the Madras Presidency and the second most densely populated after Madras city.
According to the 1901 census, 91 percent of the population was Hindu, 5 percent Muslim and 4 percent Christian.
Among Hindus, Paraiyars (310,391), Vanniyars (235,406), Vellalars (212,168), Kallars (188,463), Pallars (159,855), Valaiyars (137,216), and Brahmins (118,882) were the most numerous.
Kallars were mainly found in the western part of Tanjore and Pattukkottai taluks.
Tanjore had the third highest Brahmin population in the Madras Presidency (more than 6%) after South Canara and Ganjam and the highest among the Tamil-speaking districts.
Most of the Muslims were Marakkayars or Labbais and concentrated in Kumbakonam taluk where they formed the majority in the towns of Ayyampettai, Rajagiri and Pandaravadai apart from Koothanallur in Mannargudi taluk.
They were also found in large numbers in the Negapatam and Pattukkottai taluks.
More than a third of the total Christian population of the district lived in Tanjore taluk.
There were a total of about 600 Jains chiefly concentrated in the Tanjore and Mannargudi taluks.
The chief Muslim places of worship were located in Tanjore and Muttupet apart from the Nagore dargah.
Tamil was spoken as mother tongue by an overwhelming majority of the population while Telugu was spoken by about 3%.
Other languages spoken include Marathi (13,651) and Saurashtrian or Patnuli.
Maghrebi Jews / Maghrebic Jews / Maghrebim are Jews who live(d) in the Maghreb countries.
Many Maghrebi Jews have a Sephardic background.
Mannargudi taluk is a taluk in Thiruvarur district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.
The headquarters of the taluk is the town of Mannargudi.
According to the 2011 census, the taluk of Mannargudi had a population of 308,059 with 152,132 males and 155,927 females.
There were 1025 women for every 1000 men.
The taluk had a literacy rate of 75.15.
Child population in the age group below 6 was 13,403 Males and 12,729 Females.
Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi  is a Dravidian Tamil Nationalist political party in Tamil Nadu, India.
Its chairman is Thol.
Thirumavalavan, a lawyer from Chennai.
The party's main principle is the abolition of the Hindu caste system and the institution of equality among Tamil people.
The political party believes that true social equality lies in the unification of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes, Other Backward Classes, and minorities such as the Christians and Muslims of Tamil Nadu.
The Party is against capitalism, caste domination, and Brahminism.
Against TASMAC
Principles of the Party
The main aim of the party is to abolish the differences among Tamil people and to lift up the economically weaker sections of society.
The party supported the freedom movement of Tamil people in Tamil Eelam, as well as the security of Tamil people living abroad.
The party also declared that Mahinda Rajapaksa should be charged with war crimes for the alleged assassination of thousands of innocent Tamil people during war against the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam.
The Political party is accused of extra promoting Tamil nationalism and supporting Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam which is banned in India.
Although major Tamil political parties DMK and ADMK both are accused for indirectly supporting LTTE, VCK is accused of supporting LTTE leader Prabakaran openly in its party posters.
It is alleged that LTTE involved in the assassination of Former Indian prime minister Rajiv Gandhi.
VCK Party is demanding release of the Rajiv Gandhi murder accusers along with major Tamil parties like NTK,MDMK,PMK,SMK,AIADMK and DMK.VCK Party also celebrated the birth day of Slain LTTE Leader Prabakaran along with other Tamil parties.
Patrick Kennedy left Ireland in  (February 16, 1823 – November 22, 1858) was an Irish farmer, businessman, and politician who moved to East Boston, Massachusetts from County Wexford, Ireland.
He was the father of businessman/politician P. J. Kennedy (1858-1929), the grandfather of businessman/politician Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr. (
1888-1969), and the great-grandfather of President John F. Kennedy (1917-1963).
Patrick Kennedy was the youngest son of farmer James Kennedy Sr. (
1770-1840), and Maria Maiden (1779-1836).
At the age of 26, Kennedy decided to leave Ireland, largely because he knew that a third-born son had virtually no hope of running his family's farm.
His good friend at Cherry Bros. Brewery in New Ross, Patrick Barron, who taught Kennedy the skills of coopering, had come to that conclusion months earlier and left for America.
In October 1848, Patrick Kennedy decided to follow.
Patrick Kennedy arrived in Boston on April 22, 1849, having sailed from Liverpool, England on the Washington Irving, a substantial packet ship from the East Boston yard of Donald McKay.
Patrick Barron helped settle him into Boston life and organized his coopering job on Noddle's Island (present-day East Boston).
Not long after, Barron's cousin Bridget Murphy (1821-1888), who was the daughter of Phillip Murphy (1771-1850) and Mary Barron (1776-1846), made her way to Boston.
She and Kennedy were married in the Holy Redeemer Church on September 26, 1849, by Father John Williams, who later became Boston's Roman Catholic Archbishop.
Mary L. Kennedy (1851-1926), who married Lawrence M. Kane (1853-1924).
Joanna L. Kennedy (1852-1926), who married Humphrey Charles Mahoney (1854-1923).
John Kennedy III (1854-1855), died young from cholera.
Margaret M. Kennedy (1855-1929), who married John Caulfield (1856-1928).
P. J. Kennedy (1858-1929), a businessman and politician who married Mary Augusta Hickey (1857-1923).
Patrick Kennedy died on November 22, 1858, from tuberculosis at age 35.
Solomon Marcus - he is recognised as one of the initiators of mathematical linguistics and of mathematical poetics; mathematician and semiotician; he died in 2016
Peter C. Doherty - he got the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine; he is a medical doctor and veterinarian.
Ehud Barak, born as Ehud Brog, Hebrew: אהוד ברק , (born in February 12, 1942 in Mishmar HaSharon) is a former Israeli general and politician.
He was a member of HaAvoda (Labor Party) till 2011.
RAS syndrome is when someone repeats a part of an acronym after using the acronym, such as ATM machine.
Heiwiller is a commune.
Francis Xavier Atencio, also known as X Atencio (September 4, 1919 – September 10, 2017), was an American animator and Imagineer for The Walt Disney Company.
Atencio served as a photo interpreter in the U.S. Army Air Forces from 1941 to 1945 during World War II, reaching the rank of captain in the 2nd Photo Tech Squadron.
Stationed in England, he was part of team that would analyze aerial surveillance for military intelligence.
Engineers from Colorado
Siegfried Köhler (July 30, 1923 in Freiburg im Breisgau – September 12, 2017 in Wiesbaden) was a German conductor and composer of classical music.
He worked as general music director of opera houses such as Hessisches Staatstheater Wiesbaden and the Royal Swedish Opera.
He conducted premieres of works by Hans Werner Henze and Volker David Kirchner, among others, and revived rarely performed operas.
He also composed music for the stage and taught at universities of music in Cologne and Saarbrücken.
He was ordain to the priesthood in 1972, dos served as auxiliary bishop of the Archbishop of Braga, Portugal, from 2004 to 2006.
He then served as bishop of the Diocese of Aviero from 2006 to 2014 and as bishop of the Diocese of Porto from 2014 until his death.
Alfred Gadenne  (31 January 1946 in Luingne – 11 September 2017 in Luingne) was a Belgian politician.
He was a member of the Centre démocrate humaniste and Mayor of Mouscron in Hainaut from 2006 until his death in September 2017.
Gadenne was found dead on 11 September 2017 at the age of 71 after having his throat slashed at a graveyard close to his home in Mouscron.
Local news report a suspect had handed himself in to police.
The suspect is an 18 years inhabitant of Mouscron.
He murdered Gadenne because his father (a fireman) had committed suicide after being fired by Gadenne.
The Liri is one of the main rivers in central Italy that flows through the Abruzzo and Lazio regions.
It flows into the Tyrrhenian Sea under the name Garigliano.
The Liri river has a length of  ( as Garigliano), and a drainage basin with an area of approximately .
The Liri-Garigliano system has a total drainage basin of .
The Liri river starts on the sides of the Monte Camiciola, part of the Monti Simbruini of central Apennines, at an elevation of about , in the comune of Cappadocia, L'Aquila province, Abruzzo region.
It flows at first in to the southeastern through a long valley, parallel to the general direction of the Apennines, until it gets to the city of Sora.
Before Isola del Liri "Liri Island"), the Liri is joined by the Fibreno river and then it divides into two branches which then rejoin, surrounding the lower part of the town.
One branch makes a  high waterfall.
A dam is built on the river after the confluence with the Sacco river, its main tributary, at Ceprano.
The last important tributary of the Liri is the Melfa, with which it joins near Aquino.
The river forms the border between Lazio and Campania regions and, after Cassino, it joins the Gari river and then it is known as Garigliano.
After , the river flows into the Tyrrhenian Sea.
The Liri river flows through 2 regions and 2 provinces.
It flows through the following comuni, among others:
Abruzzo region
L'Aquila: Cappadocia, Castellafiume, Capistrello, Civitella Roveto, Canistro, Civita d'Antino, Morino, San Vincenzo Valle Roveto, Balsorano
Lazio region
Frosinone: Sora, Isola del Liri, Monte San Giovanni Campano, Fontana Liri, Arce, Strangolagalli, Ceprano, San Giovanni Incarico, Aquino, Pontecorvo, San Giorgio a Liri, Sant'Apollinare
Fibreno - 12.8 km
Melfa - 40 km
Sacco - 87 km
The dawn redwood (Metasequoia glyptostroboides) is a deciduous conifer that was discovered in 1941.
It is native to some parts of China where people called it the "Water Fir".
Although this fast-growing tree is planted around arboretums across the world, it is still endangered.
It is in the family Cupressaceae.
The Chennai Super Kings (abbreviated as CSK) is a franchise cricket team standing for Chennai, Tamil Nadu (India), playing in the Indian Premier League (IPL).
Founded in 2008, the team played its home matches at the M. A. Chidambaram Stadium in Chennai.
On 14 July 2015, the Supreme Court appointed RM Lodha committee suspended the Super Kings from the IPL for a period of two years for the alleged involvement of their owners in the 2013 Indian Premier League betting case.
Prior to the suspension, the team was captained by Mahendra Singh Dhoni and coached by Stephen Fleming.
It has most fans in instagram around 8.5 million follwers.
The Super Kings had won the title Four  in succession (2010, 2011and 2018,2021).In 2010, they won the Champions League Twenty20 for the first time and repeated the feat in 2014.
The leading run-scorer of the team is Suresh Raina, while the leading wicket-taker is Ravichandran Ashwin.
CSK has most records of appearance in playoffs (11) and finals(9) The team has one of the strongest fan base in india.
They are current defending champions
Franchise History
In September 2007, the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) announced the establishment of the Indian Premier League, a Twenty20 competition to be started in 2008.In January 2008, the BCCI unveiled the owners of eight city-based franchises.
The Chennai franchise was sold to the India Cements for $91 million, making it the fourth most expensive team in the league behind Mumbai, Bangalore and Hyderabad.
India Cements acquired the rights to the franchise for 10 years.
2008–2009: First seasons
During the first player auctions for the inaugural IPL season conducted in January 2008, the Chennai franchise bought a number of contemporary star cricketers such as Mahendra Singh Dhoni, Matthew Hayden, Stephen Fleming, Muttiah Muralitharan and Michael Hussey.
Dhoni became the costliest player of the auction, as the Chennai franchise bought him for $1.5 million.
The franchise named Dhoni as the captain of the team and appointed Kepler Wessels as the head coach.
They played their first game on 19 April 2008 against Kings XI Punjab at Mohali.
The Super Kings won the game by 33 runs after posting 240/5 in 20 overs, which was the highest total of the tournament, a record surpassed by themselves in 2010.The Super Kings ended the league stage with eight wins from 14 games and finished third on the points table.
They beat the Kings XI Punjab by 9 wickets in the semifinal.
The Super Kings faced the Rajasthan Royals in the final of the IPL at Mumbai.
Batting first, the Super Kings scored 163/5 in 20 overs and lost the game by 3 wickets off the final delivery of the match.
In 2009 season, The Super Kings finished with 17 points from 14 matches and earned a second place at the league table.
However, at the semi-finals, their hopes of entering the final for a second time were crushed by the Royal Challengers who beat them by 6 wickets.
The Super Kings opener Matthew Hayden, who scored 572 runs in 12 innings with 5 half-centuries at an average of 52 and strike-rate of 145, won the Orange Cap for the leading run-scorer of the season and was also adjudged Player of the Tournament.
2010: IPL and CLT20 double wins
In 2010, the Super Kings struggled in the first half of the regular season, winning only two matches out of seven.
They won four of their next five games in the season mainly due to the efforts of Murali Vijay and Suresh Raina.
After a defeat at home to the Delhi Daredevils, the Super Kings were left with a must-win match against Kings XI Punjab at Dharamsala.
The Super Kings won the match by six wickets as they chased down the target of 193 with two balls to spare with skipper Dhoni scoring an unbeaten 54 from 29 balls.
Chennai got the third place as they had the better net run rate of the four teams which finished on 14 points.
In the semifinal, the Super Kings scored a modest 142/7 in 20 overs against the defending champions Deccan Chargers.
But an inspired bowling spell from Doug Bollinger (4/13 in four overs) did the most damage as the Chargers were bowled out for 104.
This gave the Super Kings a 38-run victory that took them to the final.
The Super Kings faced the tournament favorites Mumbai Indians at their home ground in the final.
Suresh Raina's 57 (35) helped the Super Kings recover from 68/3 after 12 overs to put up 168/5 at the end of their 20 overs.
Then, their spin duo of Ravichandran Ashwin and Muralitharan conceded only 41 runs in the 8 overs bowled between them to help the Super Kings won the game by 22 runs and secure their first ever IPL title.
With this, the Super Kings also qualified for the 2010 Champions League Twenty20 that was held in South Africa.
At the Champions League, the Super Kings were placed in Group A along with champions of Twenty20 competitions from Australia, South Africa, New Zealand and Sri Lanka.
The Super Kings topped the Group table with three wins and a Super Over defeat to the Victorian Bushrangers.
In the semi-final at Durban, the Super Kings comprehensively defeated IPL rivals Royal Challengers Bangalore by 52 runs.
Raina won the Man of the match for his unbeaten 94 off 48 balls.
The Super Kings played their first CLT20 final at Johannesburg where they beat the Chevrolet Warriors by 8 wickets, becoming the first IPL team to win the CLT20.
Murali Vijay won not only the Man of the Match in the final for his 58 but also the Golden Bat for scoring the most runs in the tournament and Ashwin, who was the leading wicket-taker, was adjudged the Player of the Series.
At the end of the season, Matthew Hayden decided to retire from the IPL.
2011-2015 seasons
In 2011, as two new teams were added to the IPL, the IPL Governing Council declared that each franchise could retain a maximum of four players of their squad, only three of whom can be Indian players, and the rest of the international players would be put in the mega-auction.
The Chennai franchise, keen to have the same set of core players, retained captain MS Dhoni, vice-captain Suresh Raina, Murali Vijay and all-rounder Albie Morkel for a total of $4.5 million.
At the auction, they bought back some of their star players of previous seasons such as Hussey, Ashwin, Bollinger and Subramaniam Badrinath.
In the 2011 IPL, they lost three of their first five games which placed them at the bottom of the ten-team points table.
But then, they went on to win seven of their next eight games to finish second and register a spot in the knockout stages.
They faced the top-ranked team Royal Challengers Bangalore in the Qualifying final which they won by 6 wickets thanks to an unbeaten 73 from Suresh Raina.
In the final, they faced the same opponents again, which was held at their home ground Chepauk.
Vijay and Hussey put on a 133-run first-wicket partnership that helped the Super Kings to post a total of 205/5.
Their bowlers, then, restricted Bangalore to only 147 to take the Super Kings to second consecutive title in the IPL.
Vijay was awarded Man of the Match for his match-winning innings of 95.CSK also won all their home games that season becoming the first team in IPL to achieve the feat.
However at the Champions League later that year, they won only one out of their four group matches and finished at the bottom.
In 2012, the franchise signed up Indian all-rounder Ravindra Jadeja for $2 million at the players' auction.
They got off to a rather slow start in the regular season, winning only five of their first 12 games which put them in doubt of qualifying for the Playoffs.
Then they won three of their last four matches and qualified for the Playoffs with a better net run rate than the Royal Challengers who also finished with the same number of points.
In the Eliminator, they beat the Mumbai Indians by 38 runs before comprehensively beating the table-toppers Delhi Daredevils in the Qualifying final by 86 runs.
Murali Vijay, who struck his second IPL hundred (113 off 58 balls), won the Man of the Match.
At the final, the Super Kings were defeated by 5 wickets by the Kolkata Knight Riders who chased down the target of 191 with two balls to spare, thus denying the Super Kings a hat-trick of titles in the IPL.
At the Champions League, once again they could not progress past the group stage with two wins and two defeats.
In 2013, the Super Kings strengthened their bowling attack by signing up five overseas and five Indian bowlers.
In the IPL season, they finished first in the points table with 11 wins from 16 matches and qualified for the Playoffs and 2013 CLT20.
This was the first time in six seasons that the Super Kings had topped the league table of the IPL.
During the season, they also equaled Royal Challengers Bangalore's 2011 record for most wins in succession in the IPL (7 wins on trot).
In the first Qualifier at Delhi against Mumbai Indians, the Super Kings posted 192/1 in 20 overs riding on unbeaten half-centuries from Hussey (86* off 58 balls) and Raina (82* off 42 balls) before bowling out their opponents for 144.
Thus they entered the final of the IPL for the fourth time in succession where they would play the same opponents, Mumbai Indians, at Kolkata.
At the final, batting first, the Mumbai Indians made 148/9 in their 20 overs.
In reply, the Super Kings were reduced to 39/6 at one stage before an unbeaten half-century from skipper Dhoni took them close to the target.
However, Mumbai Indians won the match by 23 runs to win their first ever IPL title.
Super Kings opening batsman Michael Hussey, who scored 733 runs that season at an average of 52, won the Orange Cap for the most runs in the season while all-rounder Dwayne Bravo won the Purple Cap for bagging the most wickets (32).
The Super Kings gained direct qualification for the 2013 CLT20 which was held in India in September–October.
They were placed in Group B alongside Brisbane Heat, Sunrisers Hyderabad, Titans and Trinidad & Tobago.
They won their first three games before losing the final group match against Trinidad & Tobago.
With 12 points from four matches, the Super Kings progressed to the semifinals where they suffered a 14-run defeat at the hands of the Rajasthan Royals at Jaipur.
In 2014,The Super Kings started the season with a defeat in the opening match, after which they went on to win eight of their next nine matches to take the first spot in the points table.
However, they suffered a loss of form towards the end of the regular season which resulted in three consecutive defeats.
They won their last league fixture and finished third in the points table and qualified for the Eliminator against the fourth-placed Mumbai Indians.
They won the Eliminator at Mumbai by 7 wickets and qualified for the Qualifier.
At the Qualifier against Kings XI Punjab, the Super Kings won the toss and elected to field.
Punjab went on to score 226/6 in their 20 overs.
The Super Kings, in reply, could manage only 202/7 despite a 25-ball 87 from Raina.
They crashed out of the IPL, but, on account of finishing third, qualified for the main event of the 2014 CLT20.
In the group stage of the CLT20, the Super Kings won two matches, lost one while another match was a no result.
Thus with 10 points they finished second in the group table and qualified for the semifinal where they met the unbeaten team of the other group, Kings XI Punjab.
After being put in to bat, the Super Kings posted 182/7 in 20 overs thanks to Bravo who scored a 39-ball 67.
Then their bowlers reduced Punjab to 34/6 in the eighth over, and Punjab were eventually bowled out for 117.
At the final in Bangalore, the Super Kings faced the IPL champions Kolkata Knight Riders who set them a target of 181 in 20 overs.
Raina guided the run-chase with an unbeaten 109 off 62 balls, helping the team to an eight-wicket win and their second CLT20 title.
Super Kings spinner Pawan Negi who took 5/22 during Kolkata's innings won the Man of the Match, and Raina, who finished as the highest run-getter of the tournament, was awarded Man of the Tournament.
In 2015, before the players' auction, Chennai Super Kings gave away Ben Hilfenhaus, John Hastings, Vijay Shankar and David Hussey.
At the auction they bought back Michael Hussey for a price of Rs.1.5 crores.
They also bought Kyle Abbott, Irfan Pathan, Andrew Tye, Eklavya Dwivedi, Ankush Bains, Pratyush Singh and Rahul Sharma.
In the final, they lost against Mumbai.
In May 2013, Gurunath Meiyappan, son-in-law of Srinivasan, was arrested by Mumbai Police on charges of placing bets on IPL matches  Meiyappan, who was the Team Principal of the Super Kings, was issued a summons by the Mumbai Police and on interrogation it was found that Meiyappan was in contact with bookies through actor Vindu Dara Singh.
Following this, Srinivasan, on 2 June 2013, decided to step aside as BCCI President temporarily until the inquiry into the betting case completed.
In February 2014, the three member panel appointed by the Supreme Court of India enquired into the betting case indicted Meiyappan for illegal betting during the 2013 IPL.
On 25 March 2014, the Supreme Court of India issued an ultimatum to the BCCI demanding that Srinivasan either step down as President or be removed from his position.
On 14 July 2015, the Supreme Court appointed RM Lodha committee suspended the owners of Rajasthan Royals and Chennai Super Kings from the Indian Premier League for a period of two years.
On 24 February 2016, the Supreme Court of India agreed to hear a plea for lifting the ban on the Chennai Super Kings.
Runners-up of 2008 Indian Premier League
Fair Play Award Winner
Highest total of the tournament (240/5)
Centuries: (Michael Hussey 116*)
Hat-tricks: (Lakshmipathy Balaji and Makhaya Ntini)
Semi-finalists of 2009 Indian Premier League
Winner of Orange Cap (Matthew Hayden)
Player of the Tournament (Matthew Hayden)
Champions of the 2010 Indian Premier League
Highest team total of the tournament (246/5)
Best bowling figures of the tournament (Doug Bollinger )
Highest score in the tournament (Murali Vijay 127)
Centuries (Murali Vijay 127)
IPL Awards: Best Fielder (Suresh Raina)
IPL Awards: Most Economical Bowler (Ravichandran Ashwin)