the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
Actors include Robert Ryan, Rhonda Fleming, William Lundigan, Larry Keating, and Henry Hull.
It was remade in 1973 as Ordeal.
John Hospers (June 9, 1918 – June 12, 2011) was an American philosopher and political activist.
He was once a friend of the philosopher Ayn Rand.
Feelings is a 1974 British drama movie.
It was directed by Gerry O'Hara.
Actors include Kate O'Mara, Edward Peel, Paul Freeman, Bob Sherman, and Beth Porter.
Uenuku is a god of rainbows and important ancestor in Māori oral histories.
Uenuku simply means 'rainbow'.
Uenuku is special to the Ngāpuhi, Ngāti Kahungunu, Ngāti Porou, Ngāi Tahu, and Ngāi Tūhoe Māori tribes.
He is also known to two groups of tribes called Kurahaupō and Tainui.
The Te Arawa group of tribes also know of him.
Some of these tribes may also say he is a god of war.
Geoff Murphy made his first movie in 1974, which was based on Uenuku's story.
It was the first TV drama to be entirely spoken in the Māori language.
Chief of Hawaiki
The tribes of Ngāti Porou, Ngāi Tahu, and probably Ngāti Kahungunu say Chief Uenuku of Hawaiki was their ancestor.
He was the father of about 70 sons.
His eldest son Ruatapu killed Hawaiki's nobility when he was shamed for trying to use a sacred comb.
Uenuku's wife
In the stories mostly known to Ngāi Tūhoe, but which also belong to Ngāpuhi and Ngāti Kahungunu of Wairoa, Uenuku was once human.
One early morning he went out hunting.
In a clearing he found two women.
One was named Hine-pūkohu-rangi (sometimes called Tairi-a-kohu).
The other was her sister, named Hine-wai.
He asked Hine-pūkohu-rangi to stay and talk with him, and to return the next night.
Since she lived in the sky, she had to leave him at dawn when her sister Hine-wai called her.
She kept coming back night after night, and they fell in love.
Eventually, she agreed to marry him so long as he promised that he tell no one about her.
They were happy for many months, though she still only came to him at night and left at dawn.
In time she became pregnant.
No one else could see her, though, and therefore he was mocked by the people around him.
They grew suspicious of this wife they had never seen, and the daughter who in some tellings was already born.
He tried to tell them that his wife left him each morning at first light, so they suggested that he should block up the doors and windows so she could not see the sun.
Finally after more mockery, he was convinced to block the the sunlight after she came to him, so that she could not see the sun in the morning, then he could prove she existed.
That night, Uenuku blocked all the places in his house that would shine the daylight.
In the morning, she felt betrayed when she realised he had tricked her.
She went back to the sky and left him for as long as he lived.
Uenuku wandered the world searching for his wife.
He searched until he was old and frail.
Rangi the sky father noticed this and took pity on Uenuku, and changed him into a rainbow so that he could join his family in the sky, where they still live to this day and watch over their descendants.
The tribes of the Kurahaupō in Marlborough canoe know the mountain Tapuae-o-Uenuku (which means 'footprint of the rainbow') on the Kaikōura Ranges as being the place where Chief Tapuae-nuku climbed the rainbow steps of his war-god ancestor Uenuku.
They both climbed and died on top of mountains in search of their supernatural wives.
Uenuku became a set of mountains with his wife and daughter, and Chief Tapuae-nuku joined his own wife and daughter in the afterlife.
When a rainbow appears over Tapuae-o-Uenuku, it is said to be a sign of Chief Tapuae-nuku's journey.
According to legend, the spirit of Uenuku was brought from Hawaiki to New Zealand in a stone by the people on the Tainui canoe.
When they landed, they made the large carving called Te Uenuku out of a tōtara tree with a round opening at the top, in which the stone was placed so that the god could live in the carving.
It is unique among other Māori carvings, and looks similar to Hawaiian carving styles.
Hsienpo and Yingt’ai
Lady Liberty (Italian: La mortadella) is a 1971 Italian French comedy movie.
It was directed by Mario Monicelli.
Actors include Sophia Loren, William Devane, Susan Sarandon, Danny DeVito, and Gigi Proietti.
Movies directed by Mario Monicelli
Ibrahim Muhammad Abu Arab (Arabic: إبراهيم محمد صالح; 1931, Nazareth - March 3, 2014, Homs) was a Palestinian poet.
-Shecera was born in the village.
After the occupation of the village by the invaders, first Kefer Kana, then moved to Arrabetu'l-Butuf.
After staying there for two months, he emigrated to Lebanon and then to Syria.
The poet's father, Abu Arab, was killed in 1948 by Zionist groups who had invaded Palestine.
In 1982, the son was killed by Israeli forces during the occupation of Lebanon.
As a child, he witnessed the Palestinian Revolution against the British occupation and Jewish emigration.
He was known as Abu Arab, the Poet of the Palestinian Revolution, and the Poet of the Palestinian Camp.
He died on March 3, 2014 in Homs.
is a 1954 American romantic comedy movie.
The movie is based on the play by George Axelrod.
Actors include Judy Holliday, Jack Lemmon, Jack Carson, Kim Novak, Donald Curtis, Luella Gear, and Donald Randolph.
It Should Happen to You is a 1954 American romantic comedy movie.
Actors include Judy Holliday, Jack Lemmon, Peter Lawford, Michael O'Shea, and Wendy Barrie.
It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1955.
Lady and Gent is a 1932 American sports drama movie.
It was directed by Stephen Roberts.
Actors include George Bancroft, Wynne Gibson, Charles Starrett, John Wayne, and James Gleason.
It was distributed by Paramount Pictures and was remade as Unmarried in 1939.
Kidneys play a very large role in human osmoregulation by regulating the amount of water reabsorbed from glomerular filtrate in kidney tubules, which is controlled by hormones such as antidiuretic hormone (ADH), aldosterone, and angiotensin II.
For example, a decrease in water potential is detected by osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus, which stimulates ADH release from the pituitary gland to increase the permeability of the walls of the collecting ducts in the kidneys.
Therefore, a large proportion of water is reabsorbed from fluid in the kidneys to prevent too much water from being excreted.
Will Gluck is an American director known for directing Friends with Benefits and Peter Rabbit movies.
The movie was very positively welcomed from audience who praised its story, characters, humor, performances, soundtrack and emotional weight.
It was also a commercial success grossing $150.4 million.
Outlaw's Daughter is a 1954 American western movie.
It was directed by Wesley Berry.
Actors include Bill Williams, Jim Davis, George Cleveland, Nelson Leigh, and Elisha Cook Jr.. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Aston Iain Merrygold (born 13 February 1988) is a British singer, songwriter, dancer, television personality, actor, and philanthropist.
He recently appeared on the X Factor.
He is part of the group JLS (an acronym for Jack the Lad Swing).
Aston grew up in Peterborough dreaming of being a footballer.
At secondary school, he represented England for the European Youth Games in 2004 but but soon after he discovered that, he had a nerve disorder in his left foot and had to give up sport.
When Aston was 14, his mother asked him to enter Kid Stars in their eyes and appeared as Michael Jackson in 2002 singing "Rockin' Robin".
Aston performed in all of his school productions and after finishing school in 2004, he was cast in a new TV show called Fun Song Factory.
Aston met Marvin Humes whilst auditioning for a TV advert.
Since joining the band, Aston moved to London to make rehearsing easier.
Garland "Sebastian" Mosley, Jr. is an American rapper and songwriter.
He is currently signed to Mosley Music Group.
He is Timbaland's younger brother.
The Farmer Takes a Wife is a 1953 American musical comedy movie.
The movie and is based on 1934 play of the same name.
It is a remake of the 1935 original.
Actors include Betty Grable, Dale Robertson, Thelma Ritter, John Carroll, and Merry Anders.
Obie Trice III (born 14 November 1977) is an American rapper and songwriter.
He has been rapping since age of 23.
In 2000 he was signed to Shady Records.
His first album Cheers was released in 2003 with its first single being "Got Some Teeth" The album consists of 17 tracks.
The Band Wagon is a 1953 American musical comedy movie.
Actors include Fred Astaire, Cyd Charisse, Oscar Levant, and Nanette Fabray.
It was nominated for 3 Academy Awards in 1954.
The prime minister of Iceland () is Iceland's head of government.
The prime minister is appointed formally by the president.
List of previous prime ministers
Home Rule (1904–1918)
Kingdom (1918–1944)
Republic (1944–present)
Kevin Lamar McCall Jr. (born 25 July 1985) is an American rapper, singer, songwriter, and record producer.
He is signed to CBE.
He wrote on "Last Train to Paris" and is nominated for a Grammy, with Chris Brown for Deuces, for the 2011's Grammy.
Bjarni Benediktsson (born 26 January 1970), known as Bjarni Ben, is an Icelandic politician.
He was the Prime Minister from January to November 2017.
He has been the leader of the Icelandic Independence Party since 2009.
He was Minister of Finance and Economic Affairs from 2013 to 2017, a post he later retained under Katrin Jakobsdottir.
Bjarni Benediktsson
Najaf Daryabandari (; 23 August 1929 – 4 May 2020) was an Iranian writer and translator.
He was known for translating works of Ernest Hemingway, William Faulkner, Bertrand Russell, Samuel Beckett and Mark Twain into Persian.
He started translation at the age of 17 with William Faulkner's book A Rose for Emily.
He was also a writer and wrote From Garlic to Onion, a two-volume tome on Iranian cuisine.
John Ridley (27 April 1952 – 3 May 2020) was an English footballer.
He had a twelve-year professional career in the English Football League.
He played for Port Vale and Chesterfield, as well as Leicester City.
Ridley was born in Consett, County Durham.
He died on 3 May 2020, aged 68.
Than Phu Ying Chanut Piyaoui (, 15 May 1924 – 3 May 2020) was a Thai businesswoman.
She was born in Bangkok.
Piyaoui was best known as the founder of Thai hospitality group Dusit International.
She was the managing director and chairperson of Dusit International from 1970 to 2014.
The Governor-General of Grenada has been the representative of the Grenadian monarch since the country's independence from the United Kingdom in 1974.
Sir Leo Victor de Gale  (December 28, 1921 – March 23, 1986) was the first Governor-General of Grenada, from February 7, 1974 to September 30, 1978.
Sir Paul Godwin Scoon  (4 July 1935 – 2 September 2013) was Governor-General of Grenada from 1978 to 1992.
He was in charge during the rise and fall of the People's Revolutionary Government and during the Invasion of Grenada.
Sir Daniel Charles Williams  (born 4 November 1935) is a Grenadian politician.
He was a Governor-General of Grenada, from 8 August 1996 until 27 November 2008.
The Other Woman is a 1954 American crime drama movie.
It was directed by Hugo Haas (who also stars).
Other actors include Cleo Moore, Lance Fuller, John Qualen, and Lucille Barkley.
Movies directed by Hugo Haas
This is a list of heads of government of Grenada, from the creation of the office of Chief Minister in 1960 to the present day.
Heads of government before the 1974 independence
Chief Ministers of Grenada (1960–1967)
Premiers of the Associated State of Grenada (1967–1974)
Heads of government after the 1974 independence
Prime Minister of Grenada (1974–1979)
Prime Ministers of the People's Revolutionary Government of Grenada (1979–1983)
Head of the Revolutionary Military Council of Grenada (1983)
Chairman of the Interim Advisory Council (1983–1984)
Prime Ministers of Grenada (1984–present)
Hudson Austin (born 26 April 1938) is a Grenadian military official and politician.
He was the Chairman of the Revolutionary Military Council of Grenada from 19 October 1983 to 25 October 1983.
He is a member of the New Jewel Movement.
Austin was born in the British Windward Islands.
Calumet ( or  ) is a village in Calumet Township, Houghton County, in the U.S. state of Michigan's Upper Peninsula.
The population was 726 at the 2010 census.
Calumet's nickname is Copper Town U.S.A.
Houghton County is a county in the Upper Peninsula in the U.S. state of Michigan.
As of the 2010 census, the population was 36,628.
The county seat and largest city is Houghton.
Both the county and the city were named for Michigan State geologist and Detroit Mayor Douglass Houghton.
Calumet Charter Township ( ) is a charter township of Houghton County in the U.S. state of Michigan.
The population was 6,489 at the 2010 census.
It is the largest township by population in Houghton County.
Caprice is a 1967 American comedy thriller movie.
It was directed by Frank Tashlin.
It stars Doris Day, Richard Harris, and Ray Walston.
Annie Philomena Lee (born 24 March 1933) is an Irish nurse and activist.
Her life was shown in the 2009 book The Lost Child of Philomena Lee by Martin Sixsmith.
The book was made into a movie titled  Philomena (2013), which was nominated for four Academy Awards.
Lee is now an activist and spokesperson for adoption rights.
Lee has created The Philomena Project in order to raise awareness about adoption laws and find ways to improve them.
In February 2014, she met  Pope Francis to discuss the Catholic church's adoption policies.
Rosalind Elias (March 13, 1930 – May 3, 2020) was an American mezzo-soprano.
She was best known for creating the role of Erika in premiere of Samuel Barber's Vanessa in 1958 and Charmian in Antony and Cleopatra by the same composer.
Elias was born in Lowell, Massachusetts.
Robert Wilder Blue's usOperaweb interview, "Charmed Life: Rosalind Elias Talks about Her Career and Samuel Barber"
Marc Porter Zapada's Los Angeles Downtown News review, "A Vanessa Served Rare, with Delicious Irony"
Night Train to Paris is a 1964 American British thriller movie.
It was directed by Robert Douglas.
Actors include Leslie Nielsen, Aliza Gur, Dorinda Stevens, Eric Pohlmann, Jack Melford, and Hugh Latimer.
1964 thriller movies
India Adams (March 5, 1927 – April 25, 2020) was an American singer.
She was known as the ghost singer who dubbed the singing voices of Cyd Charisse and Joan Crawford in the mid-1950s.
She dubbed the singing voices for Charisse in The Band Wagon (1953).
That same year, she also dubbed for Crawford in Torch Song.
India Adams homepage
Fearless Vampire Killers is a 1967 American British horror comedy movie.
It was directed by Roman Polanski (who also stars).
Other actors include Jack MacGowran, Sharon Tate, Ronald Lacey, Alfie Bass, Ferdy Mayne, and Terry Downes.
Neuilly-sur-Seine (), known as Neuilly, is a commune in the department of Hauts-de-Seine in France.
It is west of Paris.
The city hosts many foreign headquarters and embassies.
It is the richest and most expensive suburb of Paris.
Philip Bruce Goff  (born 22 June 1953) is a New Zealand politician.
In 2016, he became the 2nd Mayor of Auckland.
He was a Member of the New Zealand Parliament from 1981 to 1990 and again from 1993 to 2016.
Jeremy Bingham (born 16 March 1936) is an Australian property businessman and Citizens' Reform Association politician.
He was Lord Mayor of Sydney and an Alderman of the Sydney City Council from 1974 to 1991.
He also was a member of the Hunter's Hill Municipal Council from 1965 to 1971.
He was born in Gosford, New South Wales.
Madara Uchiha is a fictional character from the manga series Naruto, which depicts a world of ninjas.
One of the main villains of the Naruto series (Part II), he is one of the co-founders of the Hidden Leaf Village along with friend/rival Hashirama Senju, the First Hokage.
Madara is a member of the Uchiha Clan, one of the strongest clans of the village of Konoha.
During his childhood, he met a child named Hashirama and become his friend.
The two compete with each other to become strong.
Together they envisioned a village where ninjas will not kill each other.
After learning that Hashirama is a member of the Senju Clan (enemy of the Uchiha Clan), their friendship ends.
After failing several attempts to defeat his rival, Madara accepts Hashirama's treaty offering of peace between the Uchiha and the Senju.
They founded the village of Konoha.
But their methods about peace differs.
After his defection from the village, Madara challenged Hashirama again and a massive battle occured at the Valley of the End.
Madara, believed to be killed in the battle, when into hiding for several years.
While hiding, he planned to create a world of peace where there is no fighting and killing between ninjas.
He was already old when he activated the Rinnegan eyes.
Because there's no time left, he transplanted his eyes to the young Nagato (to preserve the eyes for his later revival) and takes Obito Uchiha as his agent to accomplish his plan.
He then entrusted Obito to use his name, Madara Uchiha.
Years later, Madara will be revided as a reanimated corpse by Kabuto Yakushi during the Fourth Great Ninja War.
Madara manage sever his connection to Kabuto, killing most of the ninja forces.
He then sacrificed Obito to become alive again.
After obtaining one of his Rinnegan eyes and capturing all the tailed beasts, he became the Ten Tails host.
After regaining his other eye, Madara is able to complete his plan (Infinite Tsukuyomi).
He was later betrayed by Black Zetsu, who he believed to be his will.
He then transformed into Princess Kaguya Ōtsutsuki (the progenitor of chakra).
After the Naruto and Sasuke defeated both Kaguya and Black Zetsu, Madara was on the verge of death because of the Ten Tails and Demonic Statue extracted from his body.
He spents his last time talking to the reincarnated Hashirama and finally makes peace with him as he dies.
The candy was made from the 1890s by the Walter M. Lowney Company of Canada until Hershey took it over as a subsidiary brand.
The factory in Smiths Falls, which is north-east of Kingston, Ontario, is now closed.
The candy consists of a maraschino cherry and cherry syrup surrounded by a mixture of chocolate, shredded coconut and roasted peanut pieces.
The candy is sold in a wrapped 45-gram portion, packaged in a close-fitting cardboard box.
Despite common belief, filling is not injected inside the chocolate.
The cherry candy is covered with an enzyme, invertase, that breaks down the solid into a liquid over the next 1 to 2 weeks.
Hershey Canada
"Cherry Blossom" - YouTube Video
"Cherry Blossom TV Commercial" -YouTube Video
Moroccan architecture includes various structures built during different time periods.
from the first Berberians settlers from the south and through the Arab invastion from the east and the European conquest that came from the north.
The most notable style in this country is the Berberian Architecture that existed initially, followed by the style of local Islamic architecture that shaped the local style that came after the Arabs entered.
Persian architecture or Iranian architecture is the name of the Architecture style of Iran from the Pre-Islamic period until the Islamic period of today.
this type of architecture style including also the Persian Garden style.
United Iranian Architects of Europe
Tehranimages.
Contemporary photos taken in some of the oldest districts of Tehran.
Contemporary Architecture of Iran's Official Website
Sandra Echeverría Gamboa (born December 11, 1984 in Mexico City, Mexico), is a Mexican actress and singer.
is a 1952 romantic comedy movie.
Actors include: Ginger Rogers, Fred Allen, Victor Moore, David Wayne, Eve Arden, Eddie Bracken, Mitzi Gaynor, Lee Marvin, and Zsa Zsa Gabor.
Phone Call from a Stranger is a 1952 American drama movie.
Actors include Bette Davis, Shelley Winters, Gary Merrill, Michael Rennie, Keenan Wynn, Warren Stevens, and Beatrice Straight.
is a 1952 American World War I comedy movie.
It is a remake of the 1926 movie of the same name.
Actors include James Cagney, Corinne Calvet, Dan Dailey, Robert Wagner, Wally Vernon, and James Gleason.
is a 1952 biographical drama movie.
Actors include Marlon Brando, Jean Peters, Anthony Quinn, Joseph Wiseman, and Alan Reed.
It was nominated for 5 Oscars and won one at the Academy Awards in 1953.
Bigger Than Life is a 1956 American drama movie.
The movie is based on the 1955 story entitled Ten Feet Tall.
It stars Walter Matthau, James Mason, Barbara Rush, Robert F. Simon, Christopher Olsen.
The Kentuckian is a 1955 American western movie.
It was directed by Burt Lancaster who also starred.
Other actors included Dianne Foster, Diana Lynn, John McIntire, John Carradine, and John Litel.
The Indian Fighter is a 1955 American western movie.
The movie is based on the original story by Robert L. Richards.
Actors include Kirk Douglas, Elsa Martinelli, Walter Matthau, Walter Abel, Lon Chaney Jr., and Elisha Cook.
Violent Saturday is a 1955 American crime movie.
It was directed by Richard Fleischer.
The movie is based on the book by William Heath.
Actors include Victor Mature, Richard Egan, Stephen McNally, Virginia Leith, Lee Marvin, Sylvia Sidney, and Ernest Borgnine.
Banon is a commune in the department of Alpes-de-Haute-Provence in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region of south-eastern France.
Barcelonnette is a commune of France.
It is a subprefecture in the department of Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region.
It is in the southern French Alps.
White Feather is a 1955 American western movie.
It was directed by Robert D. Webb.
The movie is based on the 1952 story by John Prebble.
Actors include Robert Wagner, Debra Paget, Virginia Leith, Hugh O'Brian, John Lund, and Eduard Franz.
Movies directed by Robert D. Webb
Barles is a French commune in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region of south-eastern France.
Right bank of the Bès:
Le Seignas
le Forest (a hamlet)
le Château
le Bourguet
le Villard
Val-Haut
Le Moulin
le Prieuré
l'Adroit
la Sorbière
Charruis
les Vignes
le Jasset
Préoura
la Lâme
les Sauvans
Basse-Bloude
Haute-Bloude
le Mas
Paravoux
la Gorge
Left bank of the Bès:
La Barricade
le Laus
les Pinées
la Bâtie
le Fanget
Sigons ou Sigonce
Proussier
le Lauset
les Eyssarts
Barras is a commune in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region of south-eastern France.
Barrême is a commune in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region of south-eastern France.
Bayons is a commune in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region of south-eastern France.
How to Be Very, Very Popular is a 1955 comedy movie directed by Nunnally Johnson is based on the 1933 novel She Loves Me Not by Edward Hope.
It stars Betty Grable, Sheree North, Bob Cummings, Charles Coburn, Tommy Noonan, Orson Bean and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
1955 comedy movies
The End of the Affair is a 1955 British romantic drama movie directed by Edward Dmytryk and based on the 1951 novel of the same name by Graham Greene.
It stars Deborah Kerr, Van Johnson, John Mills, Peter Cushing, Stephen Murray, Elsie Wagstaff and was distributed by Columbia Pictures.
It was remade in 1999.
1955 romance movies
The Catalan navy - with Catalan ships, Catalan admirals and Catalan crew (not counting the rabble) - under the direct or indirect orders of the counts of Barcelona, represented a reality recognized by the entire Mediterranean from its origins to Fernando the Catholic.
In later times ships built and manned on the Catalan coasts, under the authority of non-Catalan kings, for example the kings of Naples, carried out some important events.
Fame of the Catalan army
The modern generic designation "Armada del rey de Aragón" is inexact and not very descriptive of medieval reality.
Until Fernando el Católico, the galleys of the Crown of Aragon were Catalan, Valencian or Majorcan.
They were often owned by local institutions ( Generalitat, municipalities, etc. . . ).
Sometimes they were privately owned.
They put themselves at the service of the king, but he was not the owner.
↵For quite a long time, the fame of the Catalan army was recognized by many.
Benedetto Cotrugli.[47]
Galea vogia III hommini per bancho ogi, et have XXVIII et XXVIIII banchi.
Le fuste vogano dui remi per bancho, et queste sonno de più qualitate de longeçe, ad beneplacitum XII, XVI, XX, XXIIII etc... Et realmente quisto modo de galee ando aptissimamente la nation Catallana et sondo aptissimi allo governo de quelle, perché le altre nationi armano solamente alli bisogni, et li Catalani al continuo fando lo misterio, et ciascheduno ne sa in parte et li Catallani in totum.
De navigatione.
Benedetto Cotrugli.
Martí de Viciana.[48]
The "Book of the Consulate of the Sea" has an appendix of 34 chapters entitled "Ordinations of all Ships who will arm themselves to go to choirs, and of all navies that are faciper sea".
I meet again before old Catalan, but I would venture "Ordinances of any ship that is armed by corsair and of all armada that takes place in the sea".
The summary note indicates the positions and functions appropriate to the service, as can be seen from its list by subject:
Catalan galleys fleet
The Catalan galley (formerly galea), has its own entity with respect to the galleries of the other maritime nations (referenced from the s. XIII), since Corominas provides a reference to a Catalan galley from the year 1120 (100 years earlier than the other countries).
It was a type of warship and trade ship, powered entirely by the power of oars and sometimes by the wind, thanks to the presence of masts with their sails (usually Latin).
At least as of the 12th century, the Catalans built the "Catalan galleys", making extensive use of them for wars with the different maritime republics (as enemies or as allies) or for trade with most Mediterranean ports, guaranteeing trade routes with Catalan consulates.
Its use began to decline from the seventeenth century, when they were progressively replaced by sailboats, finally becoming extinct in the late eighteenth century .
Dead-reckoning in the Catalan Navy
Marine sandglass
For more than 500 years (from 1300 to 1800) the instrument for measuring time at sea was "the Ampoule of hours".
In Catalonia there are references of its manufacture since the middle of the 14th century made of Catalan transparent glass according to the formulas of the alchemist Guillem Sedacer, using as a fundent the soda obtained by burning the barrella (its ashes dissolved in water and cast with a sieve have been the basis from the "laundry" to wash clothes from the Neolithic).
The barrella grows on the Catalan coast from Orihuela to Montpellier and the Italian manuals for making Italian glass (La Sedacina and Arte Vetraria) say: "bisogna comprare la soda di Spagna".
In an extensive inventory of the things owned by Charles V of France that were in his possession at the time of his death on September 16, 1380.
There is an article cited as "heures de naviguer" from the king's study to his castle at Saint Germain in Laye, which is described as follows:
This "orloge de mer" or "heures de naviguer" was sent to him, as a gift, when he was still only a prince (being, therefore, before 1356 when he took the place of his father in prison), by John the hunter, through his aunt Yolanda de Aragón, when Juan asked him for a manuscript by Joan de Mandeville, "to translate it into the Aragonese language".
This point is essential to know the language of the original, since it does not tell you " to translate it into the Catalan language ", which was the most important because it was yours - implying that you did not need any translation - on the other hand, if you had in Catalonia a copy in the Catalan language would not have been requested by her aunt, ergo the Yolanda de Aragón manuscript was in Catalan.
Francesc Eiximenis in the Twelfth of Crestià spoke of naval warfare and of the discipline and order to be observed on ships.
Regarding the measurement of time, he wrote the following:
In French galleys no reference could be found until the French manuscript Stolonomie from the years 1547-1550, where it says that each galley must carry: ". . .
Quatres ampoulletes à sablon pour mestré les gardes à heures. . . " .
A phrase very similar to the Catalan Eiximenis.
The Pisano-Catalan Crusade to the Balearic Islands, which at the time was a Muslim taifa, consisted of an expedition in retaliation for the acts of piracy committed by the Muslims who inhabited it, carried out by Ramón Berenguer III and his allies, in 1114.
Founded in a treaty of 1113 between the Republic of Pisa and the Count of Barcelona, it had the objective of taking the island from the Muslims and preventing the attack and obstruction of the convoys and ships of the Christian merchants who at that time were sailing in the Mediterranean Sea.
Although Mallorca was once again in Muslim power, it served to lay the foundations for the future Catalan naval power and to strengthen business contacts in the Mediterranean.
Royal Shipyards of Barcelona
Ordinations on the fet of the sea
Capmany Montpalau, Antoni. "
Ordinances of the naval navies of the Crown of Aragon approved fear the king D. Pedro IV year of MCCLIV".
Royal Printing Press, 1787.
Estrada Ríes, Albert   : «The Royal Shipyard of Barcelona in the Middle Ages: institutional organization and shipbuilding for the Crown of Aragon»; 2004
Hernàndez Cardona, Xavier. «
Military history of Catalonia.
Rafael Dalmau, 2004.
ISBN 84-232-0655-6.
García y Sanz, Arcadi: «History of the Catalan Navy» ; 1977
Morro Veny, Guillem: «The Majorcan naval army in 1342»
Orsi Lázaro, Mario: «The crews of the 1354 navy ships»
Redondo García, Esther: «On the organization and financing of Pere el Ceremonioso's army against the island of Mallorca (1342)»
Rodon Oller, Francesc: "Facts of the Catalan Navy"; 1898
Sans Barrutell, Joan: "Documents concerning the army that in 1351 ordered the King Don Pedro IV of Aragon against Genoese" ; 1851
Sierra Puig, Eva: «The galleys of the Generalitat of 1599: effort and destiny of an old ambition»
Soldani, María Elisa: «The concerns of Catalan sailors regarding death.
An analysis of the testamentary dispositions in the XIV and XV centuries »
Royal Gallery to the Requesens Archive
Medieval ship building process
Unali, Anna; Catalan sailors, pirates and corsairs in the late Middle Ages; Dimensions of a Catalan galley
Rubió and Lluch; Diplomatari del Oriente Catala; p.267 Inventory of a galley
Hydrilla is a genus of aquatic plant.
It contains only one species Hydrilla verticillata.
Some botanists divide it into different species.
It is a submersed plant.
It can grow to the surface and form dense mats.
It can form in all types of water bodies.
Hydrilla stems are slender, branched up to 25 feet long.
Hydrilla’s small leaves are strap-like.
Species Profile- Hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata), National Invasive Species Information Center, United States National Agricultural Library.
Lists general information and resources for Hydrilla.
Flávio Migliaccio (26 August 1934 – 4 May 2020) was a Brazilian actor, movie director and screenwriter.
He appeared in more than 90 movies and television shows between 1958 and 2019.
His 1962 movie The Beggars is thought to be his best known work.
An actor, he starred in My Home is Copacabana and in The Hour and Turn of Augusto Matraga.
Kiss Me Deadly is a 1955 crime thriller movie directed by Robert Aldrich and based on the novel of the same name by Mickey Spillane.
It stars Ralph Meeker, Albert Dekker, Paul Stewart, Juano Hernandez, Wesley Addy, Maxine Cooper, Cloris Leachman, Leigh Snowden and was distributed by United Artists.
Jericho Brown (born Nelson Demery III; born April 14, 1976) is an American poet.
In 2020, he was awarded a Pulitzer Prize  for Poetry.
Brown was raised in Shreveport, Louisiana.
He graduated from Dillard University in 1995.
He later went to graduate school.
He got a Master of Fine Arts from the University of New Orleans and a Ph.
D from the University of Houston.
Brown was a teaching fellow in the English department at the University of Houston from 2002 to 2007, a visiting professor at San Diego State University's MFA program in spring 2009, and an assistant professor of English at the University of San Diego.
He has also taught at numerous conferences and workshops, including the Iowa Summer Writing Festival at the University of Iowa.
Now he is an associate professor of English and director of the Creative Writing Program at Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia.
His poems have appeared in  many magazines.
Some of the magazines where his poetry has been published are The Iowa Review, jubilat, The Nation, New England Review, The New Republic, Oxford American, The New Yorker, Enkare Review and The Best American Poetry.
He serves as an Assistant Editor at Callaloo.
His first book, Please won the American Book Award.
His book of poetry, The New Testament, (Copper Canyon Press, 2014) won the 2015 Anisfield-Wolf Book Award.
The Pulitzer Prizes' home-page calls The Tradition "A collection of masterful lyrics that combine delicacy with historical urgency in their loving evocation of bodies vulnerable to hostility and violence."
The poet has invented a new poetry form.
He calls it "duplex."
In a duplex poem, first there is a couplet.
Then the second line is repeated with a new line.
This is "repeated and a new line is added, and then repeated until there are seven couplets of nine to eleven syllables each. ...
The first line is [repeated as] the fourteenth line."
“I’m more than a conqueror, bigger / Than bravery.
I don’t march.
I’m the one who leaps.”
2020 Pulitzer Prize
2016 Guggenheim Fellowship
2015 Anisfield-Wolf Book Award
2015 Thomas-Gunn Award
2011 National Endowment for the Arts Fellowship for Poetry
2009 American Book Award for Please
2009 Whiting Award
2009–2010 fellowship at the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study at Harvard University
Kraków Poetry Seminar in Poland, travel fellowships
Cave Canem Fellowship
Bread Loaf Writer's Conference two scholarships
, Oxford American, October 2014
"Elegy", Rumpus, May 2009
, AGNI, March 2007
"To Be Seen", The Missouri Review
'Love in Contemporary American Gay Male Poetry in the Works of Richard Siken, Eduardo C Corral and Jericho Brown' Simeon Kronenberg, Cordite Poetry Review (2015).
"Profile at The Whiting Foundation"
"Danger by Desire: A Conversation between Jericho Brown & James Allen Hall", Boxcar Poetry Review
"Naming Each Place"
Until the Fulcrum Tips: A Conversation with Rita Dove and Jericho Brown, The Best American Poetry
"Jericho Brown Presents The Phantastique 5", The Best American Poetry
https://www.atlantamagazine.com/news-culture-articles/jericho-brown-reflects-on-winning-the-pulitzer-prize-and-the-black-poets-who-came-before-him/
The movie is about a kid who receives a strange creature called a mogwai as a pet, which then turns other creatures who transform into small, destructive, evil monsters.
The movie stars Zach Galligan and Phoebe Cates, with Howie Mandel.
Steven Spielberg was the movie's executive producer.
It was followed by a sequel, Gremlins 2: The New Batch, in 1990.
Despite being a critical and commercial success, the movie had mixed reviews.
This movie is one of the reasons why the PG-13 rating was created because it was made as a family movie, but had some violence and bloody scenes.
Henry DeWitt Carey II (January 16, 1878 – September 21, 1947) was an American actor.
He was a well known silent movie actor who was seen many times as a Western hero.
One of his best known roles was as the President of the Senate (Vice President of the United States) in the drama movie Mr. Smith Goes to Washington (1939).
He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor.
He was the father of Harry Carey Jr., who was also an actor.
In 1920, he married actress Olive Fuller Golden.
Carey was born in The Bronx.
He died of lung cancer and coronary thrombosis caused by a spider bite on September 21, 1947 in Los Angeles, aged 69.
Lure of the Swamp is a 1957 American drama movie directed by Hubert Cornfield and starring Willard Parker, Marshall Thompson, Joan Vohs, Jack Elam, Leo Gordon.
The Nazi German Occupation of Czechoslovakia started on the 15th of March 1939 when German troops entered the region of Bohemia and Moravia, having already had the Sudetenland thanks to the Munich Agreement.
The region of Bohemia and Moravia was annexed into the German reich and a puppet government was established under rule of Konstantin von Neurath, who was later replaced by Reihard Heinrich as he was seen to soft on the Czechs.
The Czech government in exile sent two paratroopers to assasinate the Reichprotektor, Reinhard Heinrich.
The operation was code named Operation Anthropoid.
The assasines were equipped with a Sten gun and a Impact grenade.
The two paratroopers were Jozef Gabčík and Jan Kubiš they planned on assasinating him when he was in his car on a road where the car had to slow down.
When they reached the road, Jozef Gabčík, equipped with the Sten gun, opened fire, but the the Sten gun jammed, so Kubiš threw his grenade which seriously wounded the Reichsprotektor.
it is said that Heinrich refused help of a Jewish doctor.
The ocuppation ended when the Soviet troops entered Prague and liberated the rest of the Republic.
Matthew Clark (born November 25, 1936) is an American actor and director.
Clark has played many character roles in Westerns, comedies, and dramas.
He was born in Washington, D.C.. His best known role is as Chester the Bartender in the 1990 movie Back to the Future Part III.
He also played Uncle Henry in Return to Oz (1985).
Donald Francis Shula (January 4, 1930 – May 4, 2020) was an American professional football coach and player.
He had the most wins for a coach in National Football League (NFL) history.
Shula was best known for his time being the longtime head coach of the Miami Dolphins, leading them to two Super Bowl victories.
He was the head coach of the Baltimore Colts.
He played professionally as a defensive back for the Cleveland Browns, Baltimore Colts, and Washington Redskins.
In 1997, he was added to the Pro Football Hall of Fame.
In retirement, he owned many steak restaurants and a line of condiments.
Shula was born in Grand River, Ohio.
He studied at John Carroll University.
Shula died on May 4, 2020 in Indian Creek, Florida at the age of 90.
Grand River is a village in Lake County, Ohio, United States, along the Grand River.
The population was 399 at the 2010 census.
Indian Creek is a wealthy village in Miami-Dade County, Florida, United States.
The population was 86 at the 2010 census.
It was the 5th highest-income place in Florida.
It is near Miami.
Frankenstein Must Be Destroyed is a 1969 British Hammer horror movie directed by Terence Fisher.
It is the fifth movie in the Hammer's Frankenstein series and stars Peter Cushing, Veronica Carlson, Simon Ward, Peter Copley, Windsor Davies, Thorley Walters, Frank Middlemass, Freddie Jones.
Movies directed by Terence Fisher
John Carroll University is a private Jesuit university in University Heights, Ohio.
It is an undergraduate, liberal arts institution.
John Carroll has an enrollment of 3,650 students.
The university has undergraduate programs in the liberal arts, sciences, and business, and in selected areas at the master's level.
The university has been ranked in the top 10 of Midwest regional universities by U.S. News & World Report's annual guide, "America's Best Colleges," for 29 years in a row.
University Heights is a city in Cuyahoga County, Ohio,  United States.
The population was 13,539 as of the 2010 Census.
University Heights is nicknamed the "City of Beautiful Homes."
Froilan Cruz Tenorio (September 9, 1939 – May 4, 2020) was a Northern Mariana Islands politician.
From 1984 to 1990, he was a Resident U.S. Representative.
He was the 4th Governor of Northern Mariana Islands from 1994 to 1998.
Tom Lupo (born Carlos Luis Galanternik; 22 October 1945 – 4 May 2020) was an Argentine poet, psychoanalyst and radio personality.
He was born in Charata, Argentina.
He hosted the radio show The Tom Lupo Show.
In 2011, he released a poetry collection titled Giro hondo.
He hosted many shows on Televisión Pública.
Let's Make Love is a 1960 American romantic musical comedy movie directed by George Cukor and starring Marilyn Monroe, Yves Montand, Tony Randall, Gene Kelly, Bing Crosby, Frankie Vaughan.
It was distributed by 20th Century Fox and was nominated for Academy Award in 1961.
Matthew Robert Patrick (born November 15, 1986), also known by his screen name MatPat, is an American internet personality.
He is the creator and narrator of the YouTube webseries The Game Theorists.
He often talks about the logical, statistics, data and breakdown of movie scenes, game shows, or theories.
He was born in Medina, Ohio.
Between July 1, 2016, and July 31, 2016, he starred in the game show The Runner.
In 2012, he married Stephanie Cordato.
Ömer Döngeloğlu (1968 – 3 May 2020) was a Turkish theologian, writer, producer and television presenter.
He was known for the religious programs he hosted on Kanal 7.
He was born in Zile, Turkey.
He worked as a preacher in his hometown in Tokat between 1986 to 1996.
He worked in many administrative positions in the public sector for many years.
He spent years researching, studying and reading Islamic history and Siyer-i Nebi.
Yusuf Kenan Sönmez (1948 – 3 April 2020) was a Turkish politician and businessman.
He was born in Zonguldak, Turkey.
He represented Istanbul in the Grand National Assembly from 1987 to 1991.
He was a member of both Social Democratic Populist Party and Republican People's Party.
On 25 March 2020, he was diagnosed with COVID-19.
On 3 April 2020, he died due to problems from the infection in Istanbul.
Journey to the Center of the Earth is a 1959 American science fiction family adventure movie directed by Henry Levin and is based on the 1864 novel of the same name by Jules Verne.
It stars James Mason, Pat Boone, Arlene Dahl, Thayer David and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
It was nominated for 3 Academy Awards in 1960.
Aytaç Yalman (29 July 1940 – 15 March 2020) was a Turkish general.
From 2000 to 2002, he was General Commander of the Gendarmerie of Turkey.
From 2002 to 2004, he was the Commander of the Turkish Army.
Belly (born Ahmad Kasem Balshe on 7 April 1984) is a Canadian rapper, hip hop singer, songwriter, and record producer.
He first appeared on Massari's third single "Rush the Floor" and his first solo single "Pressure" premiered in January 2007.
His second single "Don't Be Shy" features Ninja Sky and premiered in April 2007.
Belly's debut album is called The Revlution.
The Grand National Assembly of Turkey, usually known as the TBMM or Parliament is the unicameral Turkish legislature.
It is the only body of government in the country as said in the Turkish Constitution.
The official site of the Grand National Assembly , including some pages in English
Photo of TBMM (High-Resolution)
hurriyetdailynews.com
is a 1961 Japanese action drama movie directed by Akira Kurosawa and is followed up by the 1962 movie Sanjuro.
It stars Toshiro Mifune, Tatsuya Nakadai, Yoko Tsukasa, Isuzu Yamada, Daisuke Katō and was distributed by Toho.
It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1962.
This article lists the speakers of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey.
The name of the parliament of the Republic of Turkey, originally and currently the Grand National Assembly of Turkey.
Grand National Assembly of Turkey official website
Turkish ministries, etc – Rulers.org
Mustafa Şentop (born on 6 August 1968) is a Turkish politician.
He was a member of the Justice and Development Party (AK Party).
He was the Member of Parliament for İstanbul in the Turkish Parliament since 2011.
MP profile at the Grand National Assembly website
Fuat Oktay (born 1964) is a Turkish politician, civil servant and academic.
He is the first and current Vice President of Turkey since 2018.
Jason "DaHeala" Quenneville is a Canadian record producer, songwriter, and engineer.
He is best known for his collaborations with The Weeknd.
Quenneville co-wrote and co-produced his albums Kiss Land (2013) and Beauty Behind the Madness (2015).
In 2016, he was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Song at the 88th Academy Awards for co-writing his song "Earned It" from Fifty Shades of Grey; the nomination is shared with The Weeknd, Belly, and Stephen Moccio.
İsmail Kahraman (born 1940) is a Turkish politician.
He is a member of the Justice and Development Party (AKP).
He was the 27th Speaker of the Grand National Assembly from 22 November 2015 to 7 July 2018.
He has been the Member of Parliament for İstanbul's first electoral district since 1 November 2015.
MP profile on the Grand National Assembly website
Ömer İzgi (born 1 January 1940) is a former Turkish politician and lawyer.
He was the Speaker of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey from 2000 to 2002.
He was a Member of Parliament for the electoral district of Konya between 1999 and 2002 from the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP).
Three Murderesses (, ) also known as Women Are Weak is a 1959 French Italian comedy movie directed by Michel Boisrond and starring Alain Delon, Pascale Petit, Mylène Demongeot, Pierre Mondy, Jacqueline Sassard.
Movies directed by Michel Boisrond
Hikmet Çetin (born 1937) is a Turkish politician.
He was the Speaker of the Turkish Grand National Assembly from 1997 to 1999.
Martin "Doc" McKinney (born 27 August 1971) is a Canadian-born U.S-raised record producer and songwriter.
He is a Grammy-award-winning producer.
He is professionally referred to as "Doc McKinney".
McKinney was formerly one half of the of the formed duet Esthero, alongside Jenny-Bea Englishman.
McKinney is now a solo artist.
McKinney also owned and operated Black Corners Ent, a joint venture through Sony/Columbia Records in the United States.
Ahmet Hüsamettin Cindoruk (born 1933) is a Turkish politician.
He was the 17th Speaker of the Parliament of Turkey between 1991 to 1995.
He was also the Acting President of Turkey in 1993 following the death of Turgut Özal.
İsmet Kaya Erdem (born 1928) is a Turkish politician.
He was the Minister of Finance from 1980 to 1982.
He also was the Speaker of the Grand National Assembly from 1989 to 1991.
Erdem was born in Karabük, Turkey.
J. D.'s Revenge is a 1976 American action horror movie directed by Arthur Marks and starring Glynn Turman, Louis Gossett Jr., Nigel Davenport, Joan Pringle, Julian Christopher, Earl Billings.
The company was founded in 1816 in the Silesian Nowa Sól () by Johann David Gruschwitz, it emerged from an operation of the Moravian Church.
In 1847, Gruschwitz left the company, which his sons Heinrich Gruschwitz (1816–1885) and Alexander Gruschwitz (1819–1888) successfully continued under the company JD Gruschwitz & Söhne oHG .
The company was converted into Gruschwitz Textilwerke AG in 1906, in whose management the Doherr families (Doherr-Gruschwitz) and von Treskow were represented as Gruschwitz descendants.
During the First World War, Gruschwitz employed over 3,500 people.
At the end of the Second World War, all Gruschwitz factories were in the Red Army's sphere of influence and were expropriated without compensation as a Soviet joint stock company .
The last 4,000 employees became unemployed.
With the help of a few old employees, Franz Alexander Doherr-Gruschwitz opened a small twisted yarn production facility in Neu-Ulm, Bavaria, in 1950 in initially rented rooms.
In 2004 Gruschwitz moved from Neu-Ulm to Leutkirch im Allgäu after the company had previously taken over two other companies in the textile industry (Fritz Zorn GmbH & Co. KG, Leutkirch and Lozetex GmbH Tech-Twists, Winterlingen).
In 2005, the operative business was completely outsourced to Gruschwitz GmbH Tech-Twists, also located in Leutkirch im Allgäu.
This 100% subsidiary is a leader in the development and production of technical threads, yarns and sewing threads in Western Europe.
Both simple natural fibers and modern man-made fibers are processed as raw materials.
Gruschwitz is now more than 75% owned by Philipp Daniel Merckle and employs around 150 people in Leutkirch im Allgäu.
Frühe Dokumente und Zeitungsartikel zu Gruschwitz Textilwerke
Evan David Taubenfeld (born 27 June 1983) is an American musician, singer-songwriter, producer, executive music director, and actor.
He was Avril Lavigne's lead guitarist from spring 2002 to September 2004.
The Sunday Woman () is a 1975 Italian thriller movie directed by Luigi Comencini and based on the novel of the same name.
It stars Marcello Mastroianni, Jacqueline Bisset, Jean-Louis Trintignant and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
1975 thriller movies
Movies directed by Luigi Comencini