the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
Before Europeans arrived, they lived in the Southeastern United States of Mississippi, Alabama, and Tennessee.
They speak a Muskogean language and are federally recognized as the Chickasaw Nation.
At first, the Chickasaw lived in western North America, but sometime before the first European contact, they moved to east of the Mississippi River.
They settled mostly in present-day northeast Mississippi.
They were living here when European explorers and traders came.
They had relationships with the French, English and Spanish during the colonial years.
The United States considered the Chickasaw one of the Five Civilized Tribes, because they adopted numerous practices of European Americans.
They were forced by the US to sell their land in 1832 and move to Indian Territory (Oklahoma) during  the 1830s.
Most Chickasaw now live in Oklahoma.
The Chickasaw Nation in Oklahoma is the 13th largest federally recognized tribe in the United States.
Its members are related to the Choctaw and share a common history with them.
The Chickasaw are divided into two groups: the Impsaktea and the Intcutwalipa.
They traditionally followed a system of matrilineal descent.
Some property was controlled by women, and hereditary leadership in the tribe passed from a mother to her children.
The name chickasaw originally belonged to a Chickasaw leader.
Chickasaw is the English spelling of Chikashsha (), meaning "rebel" or "comes from Chicsa".
The origin of the Chickasaw is not known for certain.
Twentieth-century scholars, such as the archeologist Patricia Galloway, think that the Chickasaw and Choctaw came from the Plaquemine culture and other groups whose ancestors had lived in the Lower Mississippi Valley for thousands of years.
The Chickasaw and Choctaw then became distinct peoples in the 17th century.
When Europeans first encountered them, the Chickasaw were living in villages in present-day South Carolina and northeastern Mississippi.
The Chickasaw may have been migrants to the area.
Their oral history says that they moved from west of the Mississippi River into present-day Mississippi in prehistoric times.
Another version of the Chickasaw creation story is that they came out of the ground at Nanih Waiya, a great mound built about 300 CE by Woodland peoples.
In 1540 the Spanish explorer Hernando De Soto encountered the ancestors of the Chickasaw and stayed in one of their towns.
After various disagreements, the American Indians attacked the De Soto expedition in a nighttime raid, nearly destroying it.
The Spanish moved on quickly.
The Chickasaw began to buy guns from the British after the colony of Carolina was founded in 1670.
They used these weapons to raid the Choctaw.
They captured some members and sold them into Indian slavery to the British.
When the Choctaw started buying guns from the French, the slave raids stopped.
Allied with the British, the Chickasaw had battles with the French and the Choctaw in the 18th century, such as in the Battle of Ackia on May 26, 1736.
They continued until France was defeated by the British in the Seven Years' War (called the French and Indian War in North America).
After the American Revolutionary War, the Chickasaw were allies of the new United States and fought against the Indians of the old Northwest Territory.
The Shawnee and other Northwest Indians were defeated in the Battle of Fallen Timbers on August 20, 1794.
Relations with the United States
George Washington (first U.S. President) and Henry Knox (first U.S. Secretary of War) proposed the cultural transformation of Native Americans.
Washington believed that Native Americans were equals of white people, but that their society was not as good.
He came up with a policy to "civilize" them, and Thomas Jefferson continued it.
Washington's plan included impartial justice toward Indians; regulated buying of Indian lands; promotion of experiments to civilize or improve Indian society; and punishing those who violated Indian rights.
The government appointed Indian agents.
They lived among the Indians to teach them how to live like whites.
In the 19th century, the Chickasaw increasingly adopted European-American practices, as they established schools, adopted yeoman farming practices, converted to Christianity, and built homes in styles like their European-American neighbors.
Treaty of Hopewell (1786)
The Chickasaw signed the Treaty of Hopewell in 1786.
This treaty officially recognized peace between the Chickasaw and the United States.
Treaty of 1818
In 1818, the leaders of the Chickasaw signed a treaty giving up all land north of the southern border of Tennessee.
The Chickasaw kept a four-square-mile reservation, but were required to lease the land to European immigrants.
Removal era (1837)
The Chickasaw received $3 million U.S. dollars from the United States for their lands east of the Mississippi River.
Other tribes who received land grants in exchange for ceding territory.
In 1836, the Chickasaw agreed to purchase land in Indian Territory from the Choctaw.
They paid the Choctaw $530,000 for the western part of their land.
For nearly 30 years, the US did not pay the Chickasaw the $3 million it owed them for their territory in the Southeast.
The Chickasaw gathered at Memphis, Tennessee, on July 4, 1837, with all of their portable assets: belongings, livestock, and enslaved African Americans.
Three thousand and one Chickasaw crossed the Mississippi River.
During the journey, often called the Trail of Tears by all the Southeast tribes that had to make it, more than 500 Chickasaw died of dysentery and smallpox.
When the Chickasaw reached Indian Territory, the United States merged them with the Choctaw nation.
The Chickasaw wrote their own constitution in the 1850s.
American Civil War (1861)
The Chickasaw Nation became allies of the Confederate States of America in 1861.
They did this because the United States government had forced them off their lands and did not protect them against the Plains tribes in the West.
Confederate officials suggested that the American Indian tribes would receive an independent Indian state if the Confederacy won.
At the beginning of the American Civil War, Albert Pike was made the Confederate envoy to Native Americans.
He negotiated several treaties, including the Treaty with Choctaws and Chickasaws in July 1861.
The treaty covered many things, such as the sovereignty of the Choctaw and Chickasaw nation, the possibility of citizenship in the Confederate States of America, and a delegate in the House of Representatives of the Confederate States of America.
Because the Chickasaw sided with the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War, they had to give up some of their land after the war.
The US also freed all the slaves owned by the Chickasaw.
Members of the Chickasaw who returned to the United States were given US citizenship.
Post–Civil War
Because the Chickasaw were on the side of the Confederacy during the Civil War, the United States government made a new peace treaty with them in 1866.
It required that they free their slaves and give citizenship to freed slaves who wanted to stay in the Chickasaw Nation.
The freed slaves and their descendants became known as the Chickasaw Freedmen.
However, the Chickasaw Nation did not give citizenship to the Chickasaw Freedmen.
Descendants of the Freedmen continue to live in Oklahoma.
The Chaloklowa Chickasaw Indian People were recognized as a "state-recognized group" by South Carolina in 2005.
Their headquarters is in Hemingway, South Carolina.<ref>[http://southcarolinaindianaffairs.com/members.html "South Carolina Indian Affairs Commission.]
Retrieved 19 September 2012.</ref> In 2003, they asked the US Department of the Interior Bureau of Indian Affairs for federal recognition, but they did not receive it.
In the twentieth century, the Chickasaw became independent from the Choctaw and re-established their government.
They are now federally recognized as the Chickasaw Nation.
The tribe's government is headquartered in Ada, Oklahoma.
Chiefs have the suffix -mingo at the end of their names.
For example, Tishomingo'' was the name of a famous Chickasaw chief.
Notable Chickasaw people
Travis Childers, Democratic U.S. Congressman from Mississippi
Chickasaw.tv The online video network of the Chickasaw Nation.
The Chickasaw Nation of Oklahoma, official site)
Chickasaw Nation Industires (government contracting arm of the Chickasaw Nation)
"Chickasaws: The Unconquerable People", a brief history by Greg O’Brien, Ph.D.
"Chickasaw History" by Lee Sultzman
John Bennett Herrington is First Native American Astronaut (on chickasaw.net)
Pashofa recipe
Tanshpashofa recipe
Some Chickasaw information in discussion of DeSoto Trail
Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture - Chickasaw
Vincennes is a commune in France.
Right next to Paris,  with about 50.000 people.
Today, the city is known for the Château de Vincennes, which was there before the city, and which has an important role in the history of France.
The city also gave its name to the Bois de Vincennes, the largest park in Paris.
Dean Elmer Hess (December 6, 1917 – March 2, 2015) was an American minister and United States Air Force colonel.
He was involved in the so-called "Kiddy Car Airlift".
It was the rescue of 950 orphans and 80 orphanage staff from the path of the Chinese advance during the Korean War on December 20, 1950.
IMDB Battle Hymn 1957 film
Obituary for Milton Bellovin, participant in the "Kiddy Car Airlift."
People from Cleveland, Ohio
María Magdalena Guzmán Garza (16 May 1931 – 12 March 2015), better known as Magda Guzmán, was a Mexican movie and television actress.
She was known for her role in Amor Bravío as Refugio Chávez.
Christopher David Allen (13 January 1938 – 13 March 2015), better known as Daevid Allen, sometimes credited as Divided Alien, was an Australian poet, guitarist, singer, composer and performance artist.
He was co-founder of psychedelic rock groups Soft Machine (in the UK, 1966) and Gong (in France, 1970).
Irwin Hasen (July 8, 1918 – March 13, 2015) was an American cartoonist.
He was best known as the co-creator (with Gus Edson) of the Dondi comic strip.
Hyundai Santa Fe is a mid sized crossover utility vehicle sold by the South Korean automaker Hyundai.
It was introduced in 2000 as a mid-sized SUV.
It initially replaced the Hyundai Galloper (a badge engineered Mitsubishi Pajero).
Beginning in 2006 it was redesigned as a unibody frame crossover utility vehicle.
It slots above both the compact Hyundai Tucson and mid sized Hyundai Veracruz.
In 2013 the vehicle was given a long wheel-base model allowing third row seating, replacing the Veracruz in many countires (however it is still produced in South Korea)
"Aneurysm" is a song by American grunge band Nirvana.
The song was released in 1996.
It was released in two studio versions, as well as a live version that was featured on the album Muddy Banks of the Wishkah and was released in 1996 as a promotional single.
On the Billboard charts, "Aneurysm" was able to peak at #11 on the Mainstream Rock, #13 on the Alternative Songs, and #63 on the Radio Songs charts.
The first studio version of "Aneurysm" was recorded on 1 January 1991 by producer Craig Montgomery and it appeared on the 1991 single Smells Like Teen Spirit as a b-side.
The second studio version of the song was recorded on 9 November 1991 at Maida Vale Studios for Mark Goodier's BBC session and it was first aired on 18 November 1991.
A live performance of the song by Nirvana was recorded in 1991 at Del Mar Fairgrounds, California.
It was released later as a promotional single in 1996 on the live album From the Muddy Banks of the Wishkah.
"Aneurysm (Live at Reading 1992)" on YouTube
He was known for providing the voice of the HAL 9000 computer in the movie 2001: A Space Odyssey and the sequel 2010.
He decided to study acting at the Banff School of Fine Arts in Banff, Alberta and the Old Vic School in Bristol, England.
He was nominated for a Tony Award in the category of Best Supporting or Featured Actor (Dramatic) for his performance in Vivat!
Vivat Regina!.
Oedipus Rex - Creon (1957)
The Hill - Jesus (1960) (voice) (TV movie)
William Lyon Mackenzie: A Friend to His Country - William Lyon Mackenzie (1961) (short)
Robert Baldwin: A Matter of Principle - William Lyon Mackenzie (1961) (short)
A Cry of Angels - Charles (1963) (TV movie)
Twelfth Night (1964) (TV movie)
Henry V - Henry V of England (1966) (TV movie)
2001: A Space Odyssey - HAL 9000 (1968) (voice)
Sleeper - Evil Computer/Various Robot Butlers (1973) (voice) (uncredited)
Tour en l'air - Narrator (1974) (voice)
Sam Hughes's War (1984) (TV movie)
2010 - HAL 9000 (1984 2010) (voice)
Love & Larceny - Ashton Fletcher (1985) (TV movie)
The Russian German War - Narrator (2007) (voice)
Scope - Laertes (1955)
Folio - Malcolm (1955)
On Camera - Joy-Pop (1955-1957)
Hudson's Bay - Martin Cobb (1959)
R.C.M.P. - Mr. Dodds (1960)
Just Mary (1960) (voice)
Festival - Julius Caesar (1960)
The Other Man - David Henderson (1963)
Playdate - Pip / Jones (1962-1964)
Play of the Month - Stephano (1968)
Softly, Softly: Taskforce - Jerry Proctor (1970)
Talking to a Stranger - Alan (1971)
Las Estrellas is one of the main television networks of Televisa.
It has affiliate television stations all over Mexico.
Its flagship station is XEW-TDT in Mexico City.
Las Estrellas International is available as a pay television network in Europe and Australia as Canal de las Estrellas Europa and Canal de las Estrellas Latinoamerica in Central and South America through Televisa Networks.
Both feeds differ from the Canal de las Estrellas programming, usually broadcasting shows weeks behind their original broadcast.
Network Logos
Weekday programming in the afternoon and prime time consists of telenovelas.
Las Estrellas airs sports programming and sports specials like the Olympic Games and the FIFA World Cup.
Morning and afternoon programming consists of news, sports, talk shows, and variety shows.
Night time programming is filled with a news program and Univision-produced shows.
Examples of shows produced by Las Estrellas are Recuerda y Gana, Hoy, El Juego de las Estrellas, and Cuéntamelo ya.
The network also produces and airs the Premios TVyNovelas, sponsored by the Televisa-owned magazine of the same name and considered the highest honor in the domestic Mexican television industry.
Lado a Lado (Side by Side) is a Brazilian telenovela.
In November 2013, Lado a Lado won an International Emmy Award for best telenovela.
Julie Isabel Bishop (born 17 July 1956) is an Australian politician.
She was the Minister for Foreign Affairs from 18 September 2013 to 26 August 2018.
She also served as Deputy Leader of the Liberal Party from 29 November 2007 to 24 August 2018.
For her efforts made in the aftermath of Malaysia Airlines Flight 17, she was given a medal of merit by the Netherlands at the NATO summit in Newport, Wales.
Since 2019, she has been the chancellor of the Australian National University (ANU).
Bishop was born in Lobethal, South Australia.
She was married to Neil Gillon from 1983 until 1988.
Iriana was born in Surakarta, Central Java.
She is a Muslim.
She has been married to Widodo since 24 December 1986.
First Ladies and Gentlemen of Indonesia
Lincoln Clay Lewis (born 24 October 1987) is an Australian actor.
He is best known for his roles in Tomorrow, When the War Began, Home and Away and SLiDE.
Lewis was born in Brisbane, Queensland.
He is the son of Wally Lewis, a former rugby league player.
Actors from Brisbane
The Cumberland River is a major waterway of the Southern United States.
The -long river goes through  of southern Kentucky and north-central Tennessee.
The river flows generally west from a source in the Appalachian Mountains.
It merges with the Ohio River near Paducah, Kentucky, and the mouth of the Tennessee River.
A television station is a commercial business or organization that transmits their signals directly to television receivers (TV sets).
It usually has a studio for making TV shows.
Television transmissions can be broadcast using analog television signals or digital television signals.
Broadcast television standards are set by the government.
These standards vary around the world.
Analog television stations usually broadcast their signals on one television channel.
Digital television stations broadcast their signals over one or more subchannels.
The term "television stations" is normally applied to earth-based television stations and not to cable television or satellite television broadcasting.
Television stations usually require a broadcast license from a government agency.
That agency sets the rules which television stations must follow.
In the United States, for example, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) licenses television channels.
The Luxembourg Palace (known in French as the Palais du Luxembourg) is a former royal palace in Paris, France.
Since 1958 it has been the seat of the French Senate of the Fifth Republic.
The palace was originally built in 1612 by Marie de' Medici on lands she owned.
The design was based on buildings from her native Florence.
The building is often compared to the far larger Palazzo Pitti where Queen Marie was born in 1575.
In 1642, Marie left the Luxembourg to her second and favourite son, Gaston, Duke of Orléans.
He called it the Palais d'Orléans but it was still known by its original name.
Upon Gaston's death, the palace passed to his widow, Marguerite of Lorraine.
Then it passed to his elder daughter by his first marriage, La Grande Mademoiselle.
In 1660, Anne de Montpensier sold the Luxembourg to her younger half-sister, Élisabeth Marguerite d'Orléans, Duchess of Guise.
The Duchess, in turn, gave it to her cousin, king Louis XIV, in 1694.
In 1717 Philippe, Duke of Orléans, Regent of France gave the palace to his favourite daughter the Duchess of Berry.
The building became infamous for the duchess's parties and sexual activities.
She also hosted Peter the great there in 1717.
The pregnancies of the young widow make scandal.
At the end of March 1719, a new confinement badly prepared by her excesses, goes very badly.
On the verge of death, she begs for extreme unction, which the church refuses her.
On April 2, she is delivered of a stillborn child.
Disgraced by the rumors of this birth, which all Paris talks about, the princess does not recover and dies in July at the castle of La Muette.
At the autopsy, the doctors find her pregnant once again.
Sometime after the French Revolution it became a prison.
During World War II it was a headquarters for the Luftwaffe.
1612 establishments
Raif Dizdarević (born 9 December 1926) is a Bosniak former politician.
Dizdarević was born in Fojnica.
During World War II, he fought in the armed resistance in the Partisans.
After the war, as a member of the Communist Party and friend of Josip Broz Tito, he became a strong political leader.
From 1945 he was a member of the Department of State Security.
Borisav Jović (, ; 19 October 1928 – 13 September 2021) was a Serbian communist politician.
He served as the Serbian member of the presidency of Yugoslavia during the late 1980s and early 1990s.
Jović died on 13 September 2021 at a military hospital in Belgrade, Serbia from COVID-19 at the age of 92.
Serbian politicians
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Serbia
Claude Fox Sitton (December 4, 1925 – March 10, 2015) was an American newspaper reporter and editor.
He worked for The New York Times during the 1950s and 1960s, eventually becoming the paper's national editor.
He served as editorial director of Raleigh News and Observer and Raleigh Times.
Sitton won the Pulitzer Prize for Commentary in 1983.
Sitton died in hospice care in Atlanta, Georgia, from congestive heart failure at the age of 89.
He is survived by his wife of 61 years, Eva Whetstone, and four children.
The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is an independent agency of the United States government.
It was created by the United States Congress (Communications Act of 1934) to regulate communications.
This includes radio, television, wire, satellite, and cable in all 50 states, the District of Columbia and U.S. territories.
While it is an independent agency, the FCC does report to Congress.
The FCC took over wire communication regulation from the Interstate Commerce Commission in 1934.
The FCC has five commissioners who are appointed by the President of the United States.
Their 5-year appointment is confirmed by the Senate.
One commissioner is selected to serve as chairperson by the president.
The rules state that only three of the five may be from the same political party.
No commissioner may have any financial interest in any business regulated by the FCC.
Bureaus
Consumer & Governmental Affairs Bureau (CGB): regulates consumer protection policies.
This includes Native American tribal nations and people with disabilities.
Enforcement Bureau: enforces the laws and rules of the FCC.
International Bureau: develops international policies in telecommunications and satellite programs.
Media Bureau: regulates policy and licensing programs relating to electronic media.
Wireless Telecommunications Bureau: regulates domestic wireless communications.
Wireline Competition Bureau: develops policy concerning wire telecommunications.
Public Safety and Homeland Security Bureau: was launched in 2006.
FCC home page
Ada Jafarey (22 August 1924 – 12 March 2015) was a Pakistani poet.
She is thought to be as the first major Urdu poet who published as a woman.
She had been called "The First Lady of Urdu Poetry".
She had received awards including from the Government of Pakistan and literary societies of North America and Europe in recognition of her efforts.
— Download Ada Jafri's autobiography
Tobin Bell (born Joseph Henry Tobin, Jr.; August 7, 1942) is an American character actor.
He is best known for his role of John Kramer/Jigsaw of the Saw movie series.
IFK Nässjö is a sports club in the town of Nässjö in Sweden.
It was established in 1924.
The men's bandy team played in the 1944 qualifying rounds for the Swedish top division before being disestablished in 1968.
The women's bandy section was started in 2004 when it took over Nässjö IF's women's bandy team.
The IFK Nässjö women's bandy team won the Swedish national championship in the year of 2009 and lost the national final in the years of 2008 and 2010.
All three final games were played against AIK.
The U-17 girls bandy team also won the Swedish national championship during the seasons of 2004-2005 and 2005-2006.
Maggie Roswell (born November 14, 1952) is an American actress.
She got both an Annie Award and an Emmy Award.
She voiced the characters Maude Flanders, Miss Hoover and Helen Lovejoy in the animated series The Simpsons.
She got her acting break during the 1980s in movies including Lost in America and Pretty in Pink.
Marinilabiliaceae is a family of bacteria.
The cells are flexible rods and thin.
Mostly species are able to move smoothly.
Alkaliflexus
Alkalitalea
Anaerophaga
Carboxylicivirga
Geofilum
Mangroviflexus
Marinilabilia
Natronoflexus
Thermophagus
Selånger SK is a sports club in the town of Sundsvall in Sweden.
The club runs bandy, soccer, Nordic skiing, orienteering and ski orienteering.
It earlier even ran table tennis, cycling, track and field athletics, racewalking, handball and figure skating.
The men's bandy team has played 26 seasons in the Swedish top division.
The club had an extra annual meeting on 19 June 1991.
There it was decided to make the club became an alliance club starting on 1 October that year.
It has three sections: Selånger SK Bandy, Selånger FK and Selånger SOK.
Sven Selånger, Anna-Lisa Eriksson and Arja Hannus are the names of three famous skiers who have competed for the club.
The Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) was a regulatory agency in the United States (created by the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887).
The agency's original purpose was to regulate railroads.
Later the trucking industry in the United States was added.
The purpose was to ensure fair rates, to eliminate rate discrimination, and to regulate other aspects of common carriers.
This included public transport bus service and telephone companies.
Congress expanded ICC authority to regulate other modes of commerce beginning in 1906.
The agency was abolished in 1995, and its remaining functions were transferred to the Surface Transportation Board.
The Commission's five members were appointed by the President of the United States.
They were confirmed by the United States Senate.
The commission was authorized to investigate violations of the Act and stop any wrongdoing.
However, in its early years, ICC orders required an order by a federal court to become effective.
The Commission was the first Independent regulatory body.
They were also the first agency to regulate big businesses in the U.S.
Eric Thompson (born March 4, 1980) is an Canadian professional wrestler.
He is better known by his ring names Rick Victor and Viktor.
He is currently signed to the WWE and wrestles as part of the tag team The Ascension with Konnor.
He is a former one-time NXT Tag Team Champion with Konnor.
They were the longest reigning NXT Tag Team Champions of all time, holding the titles for 364 days.
FCW Florida Heavyweight Championship (2 times)
FCW Florida Tag Team Championship (1 time) (with Brad Maddox)
OVW Heavyweight Championship (2 times)
OVW Southern Tag Team Championship (1 time) (with Vaughn Lilas)
He was ranked #128 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 2014.
Stampede Wrestling International Tag Team Championship (2 times) (with Dave Swift)
Stampede North American Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
NXT Tag Team Championship (1 time) (with Konnor)
Betsy's Wedding is a 1990 American romantic comedy movie.
It was directed by Alan Alda and produced by Martin Bregman.
It stars Molly Ringwald as Betsy.
Ally Sheedy plays Connie.
Catherine O'Hara plays Gloria.
Madeline Kahn plays Lola.
Betsy's Wedding got mixed reviews from critics.
The run time is 94 minutes.
Peachtree Road is the twenty-eighth studio album by Elton John.
The album was released on November 9, 2004.
It lacked any big hit singles or music videos.
The Los Angeles Times gave it three stars and a moderate review.
They wrote "Forget about new melodies and themes: They must have trouble just thinking of new song titles."
Entertainment Weekly gave it a B-.
Their review said “Peachtree's few attempts to rock out are tame and hokey.”
Overall, however the album got a score of 70.
In sales it got a gold record.
Patriot Games is a 1992 American action thriller movie.
Harrison Ford plays retired CIA analyst Jack Ryan.
Sean Bean plays the IRA terrorist who wants to avenge his brother's death by Jack Ryan during a failed assassination attempt, and kill Ryan and his family.
This movie was released on June 5, 1992.
It was a financial success at the box office.
Its sequel is the 1994 movie Clear and Present Danger.
Lieutenant-Colonel Vivian Bullwinkel, Mrs. Statham, AO, MBE, ARRC, FNM (18 December 1915 – 3 July 2000) was an Australian Army nurse during the Second World War.
She was the only one alive from the Bangka Island Massacre.
In that massacre, Japanese troops killed 21 of her fellow nurses on Radji Beach, Bangka Island (Indonesia) on 16 February 1942.
Japanese troops invaded British Malaya in December 1941.
They went southward.
They won several victories.
By late January 1942, Japanese forces went through Johore.
Australian hospital staff were told to get to Singapore.
On 12 February, Bullwinkel and 65 other nurses boarded a steamship to escape.
Two days later, the ship was sunk by Japanese aircraft.
Bullwinkel and many others made it ashore.
There were about 100.
They surrendered to the Japanese.
An officer walked to Muntok, a town on the northwest of the island, to contact the Japanese.
In the Banka Island Massacre, Japanese soldiers came and killed the men.
Then forced the nurses to go into the sea.
Bullwinkel was struck by a bullet which passed completely through her body, missing her internal organs.
She played dead until the soldiers left.
She hid with British Army Private Cecil George Kingsley of the Royal Army Ordnance Corps for 12 days.
She took care of his severe wounds.
They were taken into captivity.
Private Kingsley died soon after  his wounds.
Östersunds BS is a bandy club in the town of Östersund in Sweden.
It was established on 5 September 1974 when Ope IF's bandy section was disestablished.
The women's bandy team debuted in the Swedish top division during the season of 2013-2014.
The cells of Sporosarcina are either shaped like a rod or like a bowl (coccoid).
Most species are able to move (motile).
All species of Sporosarcina are capable of aerobic respiration using oxygen.
Some species have the enzyme urease and can break down urea.
The species S. ureae is common in the soil where cattle live.
BK Ume-Trixa is a sports club in Umeå, Sweden.
It was established in 1981.
The club earlier played rink bandy and bandy.
It now instead runs women's ice hockey.
The women's bandy team played seven seasons in the Swedish top division.
Trixa Hockey
Schwerte is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.
About 48,000 people live there.
Schwerte is in the Ruhr valley just north of the mountainous Sauerland region.
The Ruhr river runs through the center of Schwerte.
Schwerte is a popular cycling destination for tourists.
Schwerte received civic rights in the 12th century.
It was a member of the medieval Hanseatic League.
During World War II Schwerte housed a branch of the Buchenwald concentration camp.
The camp held 710 prisoners.
In 2015 Schwerte officials have proposed housing refugees at the site of the former concentration camp.
The plan has been criticized as a bad idea by many Germans including the premier of North Rhine-Westphalia.
Officials say the buildings were built after the war and should not be a problem.
Refugees coming to Germany include those from Syria, Afghanistan, Eritrea, Kosovo and Serbia.
Heimatverein Ergste  Internet site of the local history society of Ergste
The Clostridia are a class of Firmicutes, including Clostridium and other similar genera.
The Clostridia are obligate anaerobes.
They lack aerobic respiration, and oxygen is toxic to them.
Species of the genus Clostridium are all Gram-positive and can form spores.
Studies show they are not a monophyletic group.
In fact, they are highly polyphyletic.
Their relationships are not certain.
Most are put in the Clostridiales, but is not a natural group.
It is likely to be redefined in the future.
Most species of the genus Clostridium are saprophytic organisms found in many places, most notably the soil.
However, the genus does contain some human pathogens.
The toxins produced by some members of the Clostridium genus are among the most dangerous known.
Examples are tetanus toxin (known as tetanospasmin) produced by C. tetani and botulinum toxin produced by C. botulinum.
Clostridium perfringens  (Gangrene, food poisoning)
Clostridium difficile    (Pseudomembranous colitis)
Clostridium tetani       (Tetanus)
Clostridium botulinum    (Botulism)
Clostridium acetobutylicum
Clostridium haemolyticum
Clostridium novyi
Clostridium oedematiens
The Planococcaceae are a family of gram-positive bacteria.
Most of the species are capable of aerobic respiration using oxygen.
Some others can live without oxygen, they are anaerobic organism.
The Alicyclobacillaceae are a family of gram-positive bacteria.
Some of them are thermophiles, they can live at around .
They also tolerate acidic pH levels of 1.5–5.5.
They can make endospores.
Alicyclobacillaceae are found in soil, water and in geothermal springs.
"Deep, Deep Trouble" is a 1990 song performed by Bart Simpson.
It is about Bart getting in trouble.
He is told to mow the lawn by father Homer Simpson.
The song was from the 1990 album The Simpsons Sing the Blues.
The song was released in early 1991.
It charted in many countries.
It reached #1 in Ireland.
Lana Maria Parrilla (born July 15, 1977) is an American actress.
She is the younger daughter of Sam Parrilla.
She was regular cast member on the season five of ABC situation comedy, Spin City, from 2000 to 2001.
Parrilla later starred in the drama Boomtown (2002-2003).
Then she starred in Windfall (2006), Swingtown (2008) and Miami Medical (2010).
She also played the role of 'Sarah Gavin' on the season four of Fox series 24 in 2005.
In 2011, Parrilla began starring as The 'Evil Queen'/'Regina Mills' in the ABC fantasy drama series, Once Upon a Time.
Ana María Giunta (1 March 1943 – 14 March 2015) was an Argentine actress.
She was known for her roles in S.O.S Gulubú (1986), A King and His Movie (1986), and in Eversmile, New Jersey (1989).
Giunta was born in Concepción del Uruguay, Argentina.
Narayan Desai (24 December 1924 – 15 March 2015) was an Indian Gandhian and author.
He was the son of Mahatma Gandhi's personal secretary and biographer Mahadev Desai.
He was born in Bulsar (now Valsad), Gujarat.
During his career, he wrote many books about the ideas and life of Gandhi.
Valentin Grigoriyevich Rasputin (; 15 March 193714 March 2015) was a Russian writer.
He was born and lived much of his life in the Irkutsk Oblast in Eastern Siberia.
Rasputin's works show rootless urban characters and the fight for survival of centuries-old traditional rural ways of life.
Rasputin's work are about the hard questions of ethics and spiritual revival.
Michael Joseph Porcaro (May 29, 1955 – March 15, 2015) was an American bass player known for his work with Toto.
He retired from touring in 2007 because he was diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease.
He was the middle son of Joe Porcaro.
His elder brother was Jeff Porcaro.
His younger brother is Steve Porcaro.
The Ruhr is a river in western Germany.
It flows into the Rhine River.
The Ruhr begins near the town of Winterberg and flows into the Rhine River near Düsseldorf.
Winterberg is located in the Sauerland region and Düsseldorf lies in North Rhine-Westphalia in the west of Germany.
It runs through Arnsberg, Iserlohn, Schwerte, Bochum and Essen, among other cities.
Several Ruhr-area cities joined the Hanseatic league during the middle ages.
The Ruhr became a center for business and industry.
Beginning in the mid 14th century coal was mined along the Ruhr.
It became a center for coal and steel production in Germany for over 200 years.
In the mid 20th century coal and steel industries came to an end.
The buildings were then used for cultural events and entertainment purposes.
There are 2 arrondissements in the Landes department.
1790 : creation of the Landes department with four districts: Dax, Mont-de-Marsan, Saint-Sever and Tartas; the capital was Mont-de-Marsan
1800 : creation of the arrondissements: Mont-de-Marsan, Dax, Saint-Sever
1926 : the arrondissement of Saint-Sever is eliminated and integrated into the remaining two arrondissements
The arrondissement of Dax is an arrondissement of France.
It is part of the Landes département.
Its capital, and subprefecture of the department, is the city of Dax.
When the arrondissements were created in 1800, Dax was one of them in the Landes department.
The arrondissement of Dax is in the southwest of the Landes department; it has an area of , and a population of 220,656 inhabitants; its population density is of  inhabitants/km².
The arrondissement is bordered to the north and east by the arrondissement of Mont-de-Marsan, to the south by the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department and to the west by the Bay of Biscay (Atlantic Ocean).
In the arrondissement of Dax, there are only two cantons where not all their "communes" are in the arrondissement: Côte d'Argent and Pays morcenais tarusate.
The arrondissement of Dax has 152 communes; they are (with their INSEE codes):
Amou (40002)
Angoumé (40003)
Angresse (40004)
Argelos (40007)
Arsague (40011)
Audon (40018)
Azur (40021)
Baigts (40023)
Bassercles (40027)
Bastennes (40028)
Bégaar (40031)
Bélus (40034)
Bénesse-lès-Dax (40035)
Bénesse-Maremne (40036)
Bergouey (40038)
Beylongue (40040)
Beyries (40041)
Biarrotte (40042)
Biaudos (40044)
Bonnegarde (40047)
Brassempouy (40054)
Cagnotte (40059)
Candresse (40063)
Capbreton (40065)
Carcarès-Sainte-Croix (40066)
Carcen-Ponson (40067)
Cassen (40068)
Castaignos-Souslens (40069)
Castelnau-Chalosse (40071)
Castel-Sarrazin (40074)
Castets (40075)
Cauneille (40077)
Caupenne (40078)
Clermont (40084)
Dax (40088)
Doazit (40089)
Donzacq (40090)
Estibeaux (40095)
Gaas (40101)
Gamarde-les-Bains (40104)
Garrey (40106)
Gaujacq (40109)
Gibret (40112)
Goos (40113)
Gourbera (40114)
Gousse (40115)
Gouts (40116)
Habas (40118)
Hastingues (40120)
Hauriet (40121)
Herm (40123)
Heugas (40125)
Hinx (40126)
Josse (40129)
Labatut (40132)
Labenne (40133)
Lahosse (40141)
Laluque (40142)
Lamothe (40143)
Larbey (40144)
Laurède (40147)
Léon (40150)
Lesgor (40151)
Le Leuy (40153)
Lévignacq (40154)
Linxe (40155)
Lit-et-Mixe (40157)
Louer (40159)
Lourquen (40160)
Magescq (40168)
Marpaps (40173)
Maylis (40177)
Mées (40179)
Meilhan (40180)
Messanges (40181)
Mimbaste (40183)
Misson (40186)
Moliets-et-Maa (40187)
Montfort-en-Chalosse (40194)
Mouscardès (40199)
Mugron (40201)
Narrosse (40202)
Nassiet (40203)
Nerbis (40204)
Nousse (40205)
Oeyregave (40206)
Oeyreluy (40207)
Onard (40208)
Ondres (40209)
Orist (40211)
Orthevielle (40212)
Orx (40213)
Ossages (40214)
Ozourt (40216)
Pey (40222)
Peyrehorade (40224)
Pomarez (40228)
Pontonx-sur-l'Adour (40230)
Port-de-Lanne (40231)
Pouillon (40233)
Poyanne (40235)
Poyartin (40236)
Préchacq-les-Bains (40237)
Rion-des-Landes (40243)
Rivière-Saas-et-Gourby (40244)
Saint-André-de-Seignanx (40248)
Saint-Aubin (40249)
Saint-Barthélemy (40251)
Saint-Cricq-du-Gave (40254)
Sainte-Marie-de-Gosse (40271)
Saint-Étienne-d'Orthe (40256)
Saint-Geours-d'Auribat (40260)
Saint-Geours-de-Maremne (40261)
Saint-Jean-de-Lier (40263)
Saint-Jean-de-Marsacq (40264)
Saint-Julien-en-Born (40266)
Saint-Laurent-de-Gosse (40268)
Saint-Lon-les-Mines (40269)
Saint-Martin-de-Hinx (40272)
Saint-Martin-de-Seignanx (40273)
Saint-Michel-Escalus (40276)
Saint-Pandelon (40277)
Saint-Paul-lès-Dax (40279)
Saint-Vincent-de-Paul (40283)
Saint-Vincent-de-Tyrosse (40284)
Saint-Yaguen (40285)
Saubion (40291)
Saubrigues (40292)
Saubusse (40293)
Saugnac-et-Cambran (40294)
Seignosse (40296)
Seyresse (40300)
Siest (40301)
Soorts-Hossegor (40304)
Sorde-l'Abbaye (40306)
Sort-en-Chalosse (40308)
Souprosse (40309)
Soustons (40310)
Taller (40311)
Tarnos (40312)
Tartas (40313)
Tercis-les-Bains (40314)
Téthieu (40315)
Tilh (40316)
Tosse (40317)
Toulouzette (40318)
Uza (40322)
Vicq-d'Auribat (40324)
Vielle-Saint-Girons (40326)
Vieux-Boucau-les-Bains (40328)
Villenave (40330)
Yzosse (40334)
The arrondissement of Mont-de-Marsan is an arrondissement of France.
It is part of the Landes département in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region.
Its capital, and prefecture of the department, is the city of Mont-de-Marsan.
When the Landes department was created on 17 February 1800, the arrondissement of Mont-de-Marsan was part of that original department.
The arrondissement of Mont-de-Marsan is the northernmost of the arrondissements of the department, with an area of , the largest of the department.
It has 179,821 inhabitants and a population density of  inhabitants/km².
The arrondissement is bordered to the north by the Gironde department, to the northeast by the Lot-et-Garonne department, to the east by the Gers department (Occitanie region), to the south by the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department and to the west by the arrondissement of Dax and the Atlantic Ocean.
In the arrondissement of Mont-de-Marsan, there are two canton where not all their "communes" are in the arrondissement: Côte d'Argent and Pays morcenais tarusate.
The arrondissement of Mont-de-Marsan has 178 communes; they are (with their INSEE codes):
Aire-sur-l'Adour (40001)
Arboucave (40005)
Arengosse (40006)
Argelouse (40008)
Arjuzanx (40009)
Artassenx (40012)
Arthez-d'Armagnac (40013)
Arue (40014)
Arx (40015)
Aubagnan (40016)
Audignon (40017)
Aureilhan (40019)
Aurice (40020)
Bahus-Soubiran (40022)
Banos (40024)
Bas-Mauco (40026)
Bascons (40025)
Bats (40029)
Baudignan (40030)
Belhade (40032)
Benquet (40037)
Betbezer-d'Armagnac (40039)
Bias (40043)
Biscarrosse (40046)
Bordères-et-Lamensans (40049)
Bostens (40050)
Bougue (40051)
Bourdalat (40052)
Bourriot-Bergonce (40053)
Bretagne-de-Marsan (40055)
Brocas (40056)
Buanes (40057)
Bélis (40033)
Cachen (40058)
Callen (40060)
Campagne (40061)
Campet-et-Lamolère (40062)
Canenx-et-Réaut (40064)
Castandet (40070)
Castelnau-Tursan (40072)
Castelner (40073)
Cauna (40076)
Cazalis (40079)
Cazères-sur-l'Adour (40080)
Classun (40082)
Clèdes (40083)
Commensacq (40085)
Coudures (40086)
Créon-d'Armagnac (40087)
Cère (40081)
Duhort-Bachen (40091)
Dumes (40092)
Escalans (40093)
Escource (40094)
Estigarde (40096)
Eugénie-les-Bains (40097)
Eyres-Moncube (40098)
Fargues (40099)
Gabarret (40102)
Gaillères (40103)
Garein (40105)
Garrosse (40107)
Gastes (40108)
Geaune (40110)
Geloux (40111)
Grenade-sur-l'Adour (40117)
Hagetmau (40119)
Haut-Mauco (40122)
Herré (40124)
Hontanx (40127)
Horsarrieu (40128)
Labastide-Chalosse (40130)
Labastide-d'Armagnac (40131)
Labouheyre (40134)
Labrit (40135)
Lacajunte (40136)
Lacquy (40137)
Lacrabe (40138)
Laglorieuse (40139)
Lagrange (40140)
Larrivière-Saint-Savin (40145)
Latrille (40146)
Lauret (40148)
Le Frêche (40100)
Le Sen (40297)
Le Vignau (40329)
Lencouacq (40149)
Lesperon (40152)
Liposthey (40156)
Losse (40158)
Lubbon (40161)
Lucbardez-et-Bargues (40162)
Luglon (40165)
Lussagnet (40166)
Luxey (40167)
Lüe (40163)
Maillas (40169)
Maillères (40170)
Mano (40171)
Mant (40172)
Mauries (40174)
Maurrin (40175)
Mauvezin-d'Armagnac (40176)
Mazerolles (40178)
Mimizan (40184)
Miramont-Sensacq (40185)
Momuy (40188)
Monget (40189)
Monségur (40190)
Mont-de-Marsan (40192)
Montaut (40191)
Montgaillard (40195)
Montsoué (40196)
Montégut (40193)
Morcenx (40197)
Morganx (40198)
Moustey (40200)
Mézos (40182)
Onesse-et-Laharie (40210)
Ousse-Suzan (40215)
Parentis-en-Born (40217)
Parleboscq (40218)
Payros-Cazautets (40219)
Perquie (40221)
Peyre (40223)
Philondenx (40225)
Pimbo (40226)
Pissos (40227)
Pontenx-les-Forges (40229)
Poudenx (40232)
Pouydesseaux (40234)
Pujo-le-Plan (40238)
Puyol-Cazalet (40239)
Pécorade (40220)
Renung (40240)
Retjons (40164)
Rimbez-et-Baudiets (40242)
Roquefort (40245)
Sabres (40246)
Saint-Agnet (40247)
Saint-Avit (40250)
Saint-Cricq-Chalosse (40253)
Saint-Cricq-Villeneuve (40255)
Saint-Gein (40259)
Saint-Gor (40262)
Saint-Julien-d'Armagnac (40265)
Saint-Justin (40267)
Saint-Loubouer (40270)
Saint-Martin-d'Oney (40274)
Saint-Maurice-sur-Adour (40275)
Saint-Paul-en-Born (40278)
Saint-Perdon (40280)
Saint-Pierre-du-Mont (40281)
Saint-Sever (40282)
Sainte-Colombe (40252)
Sainte-Eulalie-en-Born (40257)
Sainte-Foy (40258)
Samadet (40286)
Sanguinet (40287)
Sarbazan (40288)
Sarraziet (40289)
Sarron (40290)
Saugnacq-et-Muret (40295)
Serres-Gaston (40298)
Serreslous-et-Arribans (40299)
Sindères (40302)
Solférino (40303)
Sorbets (40305)
Sore (40307)
Trensacq (40319)
Uchacq-et-Parentis (40320)
Urgons (40321)
Vert (40323)
Vielle-Soubiran (40327)
Vielle-Tursan (40325)
Villeneuve-de-Marsan (40331)
Ychoux (40332)
Ygos-Saint-Saturnin (40333)
Dax (Dacs in Gascon) is a commune in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in south-western France, sub-prefecture of the Landes department.
It is also the capital of the arrondissement of Dax and of 2 cantons in the department: Dax-1 and Dax-2.
Dax was first established by the Romans, and its name was Civitas Aquensium.
In the Middle Ages, it was administered by viscounts until 1177.
when Henry II Plantagenet, later King of England, got the Aquitaine.
Dax remained under the English rule until 1451, when it was conquered by the French troops before the end of the Hundred Years' War.
Dax is, in straight line, at about  from the beaches of southern Landes,  from Bayonne,  from Bordeaux,  from Mont-de-Marsan and  from Pau.
The inhabitants of Dax are known, in French, as Dacquois (women: Dacquoises).
With a population of 20,485, Dax has a population density of  inhabitants/km2.
Dax forms, with 12 other communes, the urban area of Dax with a population of 49,853 inhabitants (2013) and an area of .
This urban area is the centre of the metropolitan area of Dax, formed by 31 communes, with a population of 64,937 inhabitants (2013) and an area of .
Dax is a subprefecture of the Landes department since 1800.
It is also the capital of the arrondissement of Dax and the administrative centre () of two cantons:
Dax-1, formed with a part of Dax and ten other communes, with 24,887 inhabitants (2014).
Dax-2, formed with a part of Dax and nine other communes, with 29,536 inhabitants (2014).
Logroño, Spain
Cathedral of Notre-Dame Ste-Marie
Church of Saint-Vincent-de-Xaintes
Fontaine Chaude ("Hot Fountain")
People from or related to Dax
Vincent de Paul (1581-1660), theologian born in a village near Dax.
Jean-Charles de Borda (1733-1799), mathematician.
Roger Ducos (1747-1818), politician.
Paul Darbos (1990), Internet celebrity.
Ville de Dax - Official site
General Council of Landes
Cyclone Pam is a 2015 Pacific Ocean tropical cyclone.
The storm caused major devastation in Vanuatu.
It is the second most intense storm according to pressure, after Cyclone Zoe in 2002.
The storm has killed many people and caused heavy damage.
Pam formed March 6 east of the Solomon Islands.
It reached Category 5 on Saffir-Simpson Scale.
It caused damaging storm surges in certain areas.
2015 in weather
Andrea Zorzi (born July 29, 1965 in Noale, Province of Venice) is an Italian retired volleyball player, who won two World Championships with the Italy men's national volleyball team (1990 and 1994).
He was popularly known as Zorro.
After his debut in Bormio in 1986, he totalled 325 caps with Italian national team.
He was a silver medalist in the 1996 Summer Olympics and also competed at the 1988 and 1992 games.
Playing for almost all the major volleyball clubs of Italy, including Maxicono Parma and Sisley Treviso, he won several titles: these include two Italian Championships (1990, 1996) and one European Champions League in 1995.
In 1991 he was declared World's Best Player by FIVB.
1990 FIVB World League "Most Valuable Player"
1991 FIVB World League "Most Valuable Player"
1992 FIVB World League "Best Server"
Anthony Minichiello (born 24 May 1980) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer.
He played his entire career (2000–14) for the Sydney Roosters of the National Rugby League, captaining them for his final two seasons.
He played more games and scored the most tries for the club than any other player in its history.
He played in six grand finals, winning two in 2002 and 2013.
Minichiello was born in Liverpool, in south-west Sydney, New South Wales.
His younger brother, Mark, also plays rugby league.
He has been married to shoe designer Terry Biviano since January 2012.
In December 2013, their daughter, Azura Trésor, was born.
Anthony Minichiello at the Rugby League Project
A yacht is a type of boat which is mainly used for recreation.
It usually has a cabin, so it does not need to return to the harbour overnight.
Originally, yachts were sailing-boats, but now there are also motor yachts.
The name comes from the Dutch word jachtschip, which originally meant hunting-boat or fast boat.
Yachts have a fixed keel.
Most privately owned yachts fall in the range of about -; the cost of building and keeping a yacht rises quickly as length increases.
In the United  States, sailors tend to refer to smaller yachts as sailboats, while referring to the general sport of sailing as yachting.
In sailboat racing, a yacht is any sailing vessel taking part in a race.
Dhoom () is a 2004 Indian Hindi-language action thriller movie.
This movie was directed by Sanjay Gadhvi.
This movie was produced by Aditya Chopra.
Two sequels to the film titled Dhoom 2 and Dhoom 3 were released in 2006 and 2013.
A fourth sequel titled Dhoom 4 will be released in 2022.
The story starts in the city of Mumbai, where a motorbike gang (a gang of robbers on hi-tech motorbikes, led by charismatic Kabir, is sweeping through Mumbai, outwitting the police at every turn) starts breaking into banks and other public places and vanishes onto the Western Express Highway.
Assistant Commissioner of Police Jai Dixit (Abhishek Bachchan), a no-nonsense cop, is called onto the case.
Dixit seeks the help of a local bike dealer/racer named Ali Akbar Fateh Khan (Uday Chopra) and devises a trap to catch the gang, but it fails.
Kabir (John Abraham), the leader of the gang, eventually taunts Dixit, claiming that Dixit can't catch him even if he is right in front of him.
He is proven correct, and Dixit's failure apparently causes him to part ways with Ali.
Kabir then lures Ali into his gang as a substitute for Rohit, the gang member who was killed by Dixit.