the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
The numerical values of the carpet show striking genealogical parallels to the Oghuz-Turkic legend, perhaps based on an older version of the Massageteans.
This genealogy is shown in the way the pattern is divided into 24 tribes.
On the left and right their are groups of 12 tribes in each.
According to Rashid-al-Din Hamadani, the founder of the Oghuz tribes had six sons, with each having four sons.
As mentioned in the “Shiji” (“Historical Records”) of Sima Qian this scheme was a result of the military administrative reform of the Xiongnu leader Modu Chanyu in 209/206-174 BC which in turn originated from the Turkic primordial ancestor Oghuz Khagan.
Many Turkic cultures today use his legend to describe their ethnic origins.
Historian Sergei Tolstov writes that this scheme “...was preserved by the Aral foreland Huns, the Kidarites-Hephthalites, and was inherited by their descendants, the tribes of the Oghuz alliance in the 10th – 11th centuries AD and, finally, by the Turkmens of the 19th century AD – beginning of the 20th century AD.”
Armenian interpretation
Gantzhorn supports the view that the Pazyryk rug is of Phrygian-Armenian origin.
He put forward the hypothesis that the rug is actually not depicting Scythians, but Armenians.
He found similarities at the ruins of Persepolis in Iran where various nations are depicted as bearing tribute, the horse design from the Pazyryk carpet is the same as the relief depicting part of the Armenian delegation.
DOCUMENTARY FILM: THE BEAUTY, WOVEN OF MYSTERIES is a 2018 documentary film directed by Emir Valinezhad about The World's Oldest Carpet Story
George Clayton Johnson (July 10, 1929 – December 25, 2015) was an American science fiction writer.
He was most famous for co-writing the novel Logan's Run with William F. Nolan, the basis for the 1976 movie.
He was also known for his television screenplays for The Twilight Zone (such as "Nothing in the Dark", "Kick the Can", "A Game of Pool", and "A Penny for Your Thoughts"), and the first episode of Star Trek, "The Man Trap".
He also wrote the story on which the 1960 and 2001 movie Ocean's Eleven were based.
Johnson died of bladder and prostate cancer on December 25, 2015 at a hospital in North Hills, Los Angeles, California at the age of 86.
His death was falsely reported on December 22.
All of us are dying, but writer George Clayton Johnson is still living it up  (scifi.com)
Jason Myers (born May 12, 1991) is an American football placekicker for the Jacksonville Jaguars of the National Football League (NFL).
He was born in Chula Vista, California.
He played college football at Marist College in Poughkeepsie, NY.
In 2014 Myers played for the Arizona Rattlers and the San Jose SaberCats of the Arena Football League.
On March 3, 2015, Myers signed with the Jacksonville Jaguars.
On August 31, 2015, the Jaguars announced that Myers had earned the placekicker role on the team.
Veteran Josh Scobee was traded to the Pittsburgh Steelers.
The Malmö tramway is a former tramway network in the city Malmö of Sweden.
It remains a network about 2 km as a historic line.
The Malmö tramay existed between 1887 and 1973.
It started service as a horse car.
The horse cars had been replaced by electric trams since 1906.
The last electric tram has been replaced by bus in 1973.
line 1 (red) from 1907 till 1967
line 2 (blue) from 1907 till 1940
line 3 (white) from 1906 till 1964
line 4 (yellow) from 1907 till 1973
line 5 from 1915 till 1928
line 6 from 1916 till 1919 and from 1924 till 1949
line 7 from 1918 till 1949
line 8 from 1928 till 1930
Originally the service had been provided by two-axle motor cars.
From 1949, they had been replace by newer ones.
Museum Line
Andersson, Per Gunnar; Forsberg, Anders; (2006); Malmö elektriska spårväg 100 år; Stockholm: Trafiknostalgiska Förlaget
Tram Malmö
Freda Meissner-Blau (March 11, 1927 – December 22, 2015) was an Austrian politician and activist.
She was an important figure in the Austrian environmental movement.
She was a founder and the federal spokesperson of the Austrian Green Party.
She was born in Dresden, Germany.
Biography of Meissner-Blau by Wiener Zeitung
2002 Interview with Meissner Blau  (2002)
2007 Nuclear-Free Future Lifetime Achievement Award: Freda Meissner-Blau
Jean-Marie Pelt (24 October 1933 – 23 December 2015) was a French biologist, botanist and pharmacist with degrees in both Biology and Pharmacy.
He was professor at the University of Lorraine.
As municipal councilor of Metz between 1971 and 1983, Jean-Marie Pelt pioneered a policy of urban ecology.
Pelt was born in Rodemack, France.
Nils Lennart Johansson (5 November 1929 – 4 June 2019) was a Swedish sports official.
He was the fifth and, to date, the longest serving president of UEFA, the Union of European Football Associations, from his election at UEFA's Malta Congress in 1990 until his retirement in 2007.
He was made honorary president shortly afterwards.
He started as a leader in the sport of bandy in Sweden for his hometown team AIK.
Johansson then came through the ranks in the Swedish Football Association, and served as the association's president between 1984 and 1991.
Lennart Johansson profile at uefa.com
Gustaf Peter Lundblad (26 August 1950 - 22 December 2015) was a Swedish singer and songwriter.
He was known for his 1986 song Ta mig till havet.
Lundblad started his career in the band 'The most Remarkable Nailband'.
Aftonbladet.se
Raymond Dyral Mathews (February 26, 1929 – December 20, 2015) was an American football running back and wide receiver in the National Football League for the Pittsburgh Steelers (1951-59) and the Dallas Cowboys (1960).
He was born in Dayton, Pennsylvania.
Ex-Steelers Mathews keeps low profile
A bronchodilator is a substance that dilates (opens up) the bronchi and bronchioles which increases airflow to the lungs.
Bronchodilators may be endogenous (originating naturally within the body), or they may be medications taken to treat breathing difficulties.
They are most useful in obstructive lung diseases.
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are the most common such conditions.
They are also used to treat respritory blockages that usaully occur when you have the common cold.
They are well prescribed by doctors and are really common in house holds.
Although this remains somewhat controversial, they might be useful in bronchiolitis and Bronchiectasis.
They are often prescribed but of unproven significance in restrictive lung diseases.
Types of bronchodilators
Bronchodilators are either short-acting or long-acting.
Short-acting medications provide quick or "rescue" relief from acute bronchoconstriction.
Long-acting bronchodilators help to control and prevent symptoms.
They are used along with inhaled steroids for control of asthma symptoms on a long-term basis.
The three types of prescription bronchodilating drugs are β2-agonists (short- and long-acting), anticholinergics (short-acting), and theophylline (long-acting).
Common bronchodilators
Short-acting bronchodilators
Salbutamol/albuterol (Proventil or Ventolin)
Levosalbutamol/levalbuterol (Xopenex)
Pirbuterol (Maxair)
Epinephrine (Primatene Mist now withdrawn)
Racemic Epinephrine (Asthmanefrin, Primatene Mist Replacement)
Ephedrine (Bronkaid)
Terbutaline
Long-acting bronchodilators
Salmeterol (Serevent)
Clenbuterol (Spiropent)
Bambuterol
Indacaterol
Osmany Juantorena Portuondo (born 12 August 1985) is a Cuban volleyball player with Italian citizenship, a member of Cuba national volleyball team in 2003–2006 and current member of Italy national volleyball team and Italian club Cucine Lube, bronze medalist of the World League 2005.
He is a multiple winner of the CEV Champions League and Club World Championship with the Italian club Trentino.
Henri Ducard is a fictional character in the Batman comic book universe.
He was created by Sam Hamm.
Ducard's first appearance was in Detective Comics #599 (April 1989), part of the "Blind Justice" story arc that Hamm, the screenwriter of the 1989 Batman movie, was asked to guest-write for Detective Comics by Batman editor Denny O'Neil.
The character was the undercover name of Ra's al Ghul which appeared in the movie Batman Begins played by Liam Neeson.
Ron Jacobs (December 27, 1942 – December 24, 2015) was an American basketball coach.
He was born in Marion, North Carolina.
He coached for college basketball teams such as Loyola Marymount University and for Northern Cement.
He also coached the Philippine national team.
Jacobs moved to Pasig City, Philippines during the 1980s.
He suffered a major stroke in 2001 which left him in a wheelchair.
Jacobs died in Makati, Philippines from complications following the stroke at the age of 72.
Carpetbagger is a term from the United States political history.
A carpetbagger was a northerner  who moved to the South after the American Civil War.
This period is called the "reconstruction era".
White southerners feared they would loot the defeated South.
Sixty carpetbaggers were elected to Congress.
Among them were most Republican governors in the South during reconstruction.
A historian said:
"Carpetbagger" referred to the cheap carpet bags (a form of luggage) which many of the newcomers carried.
The term came to be associated with opportunism and exploitation by outsiders.
It is used today for a "parachute candidate": a political candidate for public office in an area far from home.
The Sims is a series of sandbox games in which you have a life and job.
The game developed by Maxis and published by Electronic Arts.
The games also have expansion packs which you can download.
If you download them you get extra content.
The Sims Games
The Sims (2000)
The Sims 2 (2004)
The Sims 3 (2009)
The SimCity Games
SimCity (1989)
SimCity 64
SimCity Creator
SimCity (2013)
The Battle of Cannae ( or ) was a major battle of the Second Punic War.
It took place on 2 August 216 BC in Cannae, Apulia, in southeast Italy.
The army of Carthage, under Hannibal, defeated a larger Roman army.
The Romans were led by the consuls Lucius Aemilius Paullus and Gaius Terentius Varro.
Hannibal's victory was one the greatest tactical feats in military history.
It was also one of the worst defeats in Roman history.
After recovering from their losses at Trebia (218 BC) and Lake Trasimene (217 BC), the Romans decided to fight Hannibal at Cannae.
The Roman army had about 70,000 soldiers.
The Romans massed their heavy infantry in a deeper formation than usual.
Hannibal attacked using a double-envelopment tactic.
This was so successful that the Roman army was destroyed as a fighting force by an army half its size.
About 45,500 Roman and allied soldiers were killed.
Also killed were 2,700 Roman cavalry.
About 17,000 were taken prisoner.
Hannibal lost a total of about 4,000 men.
Following the defeat, many of Rome's allies changed sides  and allied themselves with Carthage.
210s BC
Roberto Gastone Zeffiro Rossellini, (8 May 1906 – 3 June 1977), was an Italian movie director, producer and screenwriter.
He was best known for his movies Rome, Open City (1945), Paisà (1946) and Germany, Year Zero (1948).
The placekicker, also called a kicker, is the player in American and Canadian football who is responsible for the kicking duties of field goals and extra points.
In many cases, the placekicker also serves as the team's kickoff specialist or, more rarely, punter, as well.
A kicker is often called the most valuable player on the team.
This is because in many cases, he scores the most points in a game.
Each time his team gets to the 35 yard line or closer, they have a chance to score 3 points.
Each time their team makes a touchdown, the kicker comes in to make the extra (1) point.
A kicker is a member of the special teams.
Job requirements
To be a kicker in the NFL requires strong legs.
The kicker also needs excellent concentration and coordination.
A kicker is the only member of a team who can move the ball with their feet.
But the kicker is often the smallest member of the team.
Probably the most important requirement is "nerves of steel".
You have to kick the ball perfectly while being rushed by the other team.
Hero or ?
The kicker is the only player on a team who has the opportunity to score points each time he goes out on the field.
Kickers today often use a soccer-style kick instead of a straight ahead kick.
If he makes a great kick he is a hero.
If he misses he is a chump|.
An entire game can be won or lost by the kicker.
A kicker cannot afford to miss too many field goals or they can find themselves traded off the team.
The 10 Best Kickers of All Time
NFL Career Field Goal % Leaders
Ali Eid (14 July 1940 – 25 December 2015) was a Lebanese politician.
He was the leader of the Alawite Community.
He founded the Arab Democratic Party in 1972 and until his death served as General Secretary of the Arab Democratic Party.
Coptic calendar (also known as Alexandrian calendar) is a calendar used by the Coptic Church in Egypt.
It is based on the Egyptian calendar which was first introduced in 238 BC.
He was finance minister of Luxembourg from 1979 until 1989.
He was the 22nd Prime Minister of Luxembourg serving from 1984 to 1995.
He was a member of the Christian Social People's Party, which has been the leading party in the Luxembourg government since 1979.
As Prime Minister of Luxembourg he also led the negotiations on the Single European Act, which effectively set aside the 20-year-old Luxembourg Compromise.
He was the President of the European Commission from 1995 to 1999.
The ancient civil  Egyptian calendar was  a calendar used by the ancient Egyptians.
At first it had a year that was 365 days long.
The year was made up of 12 months each having 30 days.
At some point during the First Dynasty five additional days were added (sometime around 3000 BC).
Egyptian astronomers observed that the annual flood of the Nile River fell very close to the first visibility of the star Sirius in the morning sky just before sunrise.
This calendar would drift by 1 day every four years.
But this drift was not enough to cause any problems.
Even if a person lived to be 60 years old the drift between solar and civil calendars would only be 15 days.
In 238 BC the Decree of Canopus added a sixth day every four years to correct this.
But it was largely ignored.
In 30 BCE the Roman Emperor Augustus reformed the Egyptian calendar by adding a leap day to every fourth year.
This brought the Egyptian calendar in line with the Julian calendar used at the time in Rome.
The Ukrainian National Union () is nationalist paramilitary political party in Ukraine.
Started as a political organization in 2009 and became a political party in 2013.
The organisation was founded in 2009 by Oleg Goltvyansky and a group of sympathisers.
Since July 15, 2012 the head of organisation became Vitaly Krivosheev.
In April 27, 2013, the Ukrainian National Union leaders proclaimed their intention to create a political party.
Рarty is one of the organisers of the "Euromaidan".
Activists of the Ukrainian National Union takes part in the war in Eastern Ukraine
Official site Ukrainian National Union
On 5 April 1986 three people were killed and around 230 injured when La Belle discothèque was bombed in West Berlin, West Germany.
The entertainment venue was commonly used by United States soldiers, and two of the dead and 79 of the injured were American servicemen.
A bomb placed under a table near the disk jockey's booth exploded at 1:45 am CET instantly killing a Turkish woman, and a United States Army sergeant.
A second US Army sergeant died from his injuries two months later.
Some of the victims were left permanently disabled due to the injuries.
Libya was accused by the US government of sponsoring the bombing, and US President Ronald Reagan ordered strikes on Tripoli and Benghazi in Libya ten days later.
The strikes reportedly killed 15-30 people, including Colonel Gaddafi's adopted daughter.
Reagan's actions were condemned by the United Nations General Assembly.
Attacks on nightclubs
Murder in Germany
The Malta Summit comprised a meeting between U.S. President George H. W. Bush and U.S.S.R. leader Mikhail Gorbachev.
It took place between December 2-3, 1989, just a few weeks after the fall of the Berlin Wall.
It was their second meeting following a meeting that included then President Ronald Reagan, in New York in December 1988.
CNN: Cold War Interviews, Episode 24: Transcripts from Malta Summit
David Hoffman, "Bush and Gorbachev Hail New Cooperation", Washington Post (December 4, 1989)
Richard Lacayo, "Turning Visions into Reality" , in Time (online): December 11, 1989
Romesh Ratnesar, "Condi Rice Can't Lose" , in Time (online): September 20, 1999
The Germany men's national volleyball team is the national team of Germany.
It is governed by the DVV (Deutscher Volleyball-Verband).
It takes part in international volleyball competitions.
Germany won the gold medal in World Championship 1970 under East Germany.
It won the bronze medal in the 2014 World Championships.
The Italy men's national volleyball team is the volleyball national team of Italy.
It dominated international volleyball competitions in the 1990s and early 2000s, by winning three World Championships in a row (1990, 1994 and 1998), seven European Championships, one World Cup (1995) and eight World League (1990, 1991, 1992, 1994, 1995, 1997, 1999 and 2000).
The Brazil men's national volleyball team is the national team of Brazil.
It is governed by the Confederação Brasileira de Voleibol (Brazilian Volleyball Confederation) and takes part in international volleyball competitions.
Brazil has two gold medal at the Olympic Games, won three times the World Champioship and nine times the World League.
Brazil is the #1 team on the FIVB World Rankings.
The team is often referred to as volleyball's "Dream Team" due to its success under coach Bernardo Rezende.
The Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization or PATCO was a United States trade union.
It ran from 1968 until its decertification in 1981 following an illegal strike that was broken by the Ronald Reagan Administration.
The 1981 strike and defeat of PATCO was called "one of the most important events in late twentieth century U.S. labor history" by labor historian Joseph A. McCartin.
Dame Mary Eugenia Charles, DBE (15 May 1919 – 6 September 2005) was a Dominican politician and lawyer.
She was the Prime Minister of Dominica serving from 21 July 1980 until 14 June 1995.
She was Dominica's first, and to date only, female prime minister, as well as the nation's longest-serving prime minister.
Charles died in Fort-de-France, Martinique from a pulmonary embolism caused by hip surgery that she had a few days before.
Caricom Biography
A cranial nerve is any nerve which is attached directly to the brain or brainstem.
This is different from spinal nerves which are attached to segments of the spinal cord.
Cranial nerves relay information more directly between the brain and body (mostly parts of the head and neck).
Each cranial nerve exists as a pair and is present on both sides of the central nervous system.
All cranial nerves appear above the first vertebra in the neck (cervical vertebra).
In humans there are twelve cranial nerves pairs.
They are numbered using Roman numerals I–XII based on their order from the front of the brain to the back, where the brainstem is.
Cranial nerves provide motor and sensory stimulation mainly to places within the head and neck.
This sensory stimulation includes sensations such as temperature, touch, taste, vision, smell,  balance and hearing.
Smell (I)
The olfactory nerve (CN 1) sends information about smells from the nose up to the brain.
In the brain, this information is processed and becomes olfaction, or our sense of smell.
The olfactory nerve is an is an afferent sensory nerve, meaning it takes in information from the outside world and sends it to the central nervous system.
The olfactory nerve is the shortest cranial nerve.
It is one of two cranial nerves that does not connect to the brain stem, the other being the optic nerve (CN 2).
The olfactory nerve is not just one nerve, but a group of neurons working together to perform the same task.
The olfactory neurons start branched out in the nasal cavity.
From here, they reach up through the roof of the nasal cavity and connect to the olfactory bulb.
Path of sensation
Smell molecules called aromatics come up the nose and into the nasal cavity.
Here, they are detected by olfactory neurons.
These neurons are branched out along the lining of the nasal cavity.
Olfactory neurons take in the signal from the smell molecules and make electric signals called action potentials.
The action potentials move up the olfactory neurons through the roof of the nasal cavity, also known as the cribiform plate.
After passing through the cribiform plate, the olfactory neurons send the action potentials to the olfactory bulb.
From here, signals are sent through the olfactory tract and out to different parts of the brain.
For example, some signals are sent to the frontal lobe, where smells are identified and labeled.
Vision (II)
Eye movement (III, IV, VI)
The oculomotor nerve (CN III) controls most of the muscles related to the movement of the eye, including the eyelids and control of the pupil.
The trochlear nerve (CN IV) and abducens nerve (CN VI) are each responsible for their own single eye muscles.
Facial sensation, jaw movement (V)
The trigeminal nerve (CN V) is called "trigeminal" because it is made of 3 parts.
Together, all these parts are responsible for sensation in the face and larger facial movements such as biting and chewing.
Facial expression (VII)
Hearing and balance (VIII)
Oral sensation, taste, and salivation (IX)
Control of heart and digestion (X)
The vagus nerve (CN X) allows for parasympathetic control of the heart and digestive tract.
It is the longest nerve of the autonomic nervous system in the human body.
Shoulder elevation and head-turning (XI)
Tongue movement (XII)
Routes out of the brain
After leaving the brain, the cranial nerves travel inside the skull.
Some must leave this bony compartment to reach their destinations.
Often the nerves pass through holes in the skull, called foramina.
Other nerves pass through bony canals, longer pathways enclosed by bone.
These foramina and canals may have more than one cranial nerve, and may also contain blood vessels.
Volleyball has been played at the Summer Olympics ever since the 1964 Summer Olympics.
The history of Olympic volleyball can be traced back to the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris, where volleyball was played as part of an American sports demonstration event.
It was only added as an Olympic sport, however, after World War II.
This was when the FIVB was founded and of some of the continental confederations.
In 1957, a special tournament was held at the 53rd IOC session in Sofia, Bulgaria, to support such request.
The competition was a success, and the sport was officially introduced in 1964.
The Olympic Committee initially dropped volleyball for the 1968 Olympics, meeting protests.
Olympic Volleyball History
John Adedayo B. Adegboyega (born 17 March 1992), better known as John Boyega, is a British actor.
He is best known for playing Finn in Star Wars: The Force Awakens (2015), Star Wars: The Last Jedi (2017) and Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker (2019).
He has also appeared in Attack the Block (2011), Detroit (2017) and Pacific Rim: Uprising (2018).
He won the 2016 BAFTA Rising Star Award.
Boyega was born in Peckham, London.
His parents are Nigerian.
Daisy Jazz Isobel Ridley (born 10 April 1992) is a British actress.
She is best known for playing Rey in Star Wars: The Force Awakens (2015), Star Wars: The Last Jedi (2017) and Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker (2019).
She also appeared in Casulty and Silent Witness.
Ridley was born in Westminster, London.
Her great-uncle was Dad's Army actor Arnold Ridley.
Adriana Olguín de Baltra (born Luz Adriana Margarita Olguín Buche) (18 November 1911 – 24 December 2015) was a Chilean lawyer and politician.
She was born in Valparaíso, Chile.
Olguín served as Chile's Minister of Justice serving from 29 July 1952 through 3 November 1952 under the Gabriel González Videla administration.
She was the first woman to hold a position in any presidential cabinet in Latin American history.
Daddy's Home is a 2015 American comedy movie directed and written by Sean Anders.
It was produced by Will Ferrell and Adam McKay.
It stars Ferrell, Mark Wahlberg, Linda Cardellini, Thomas Haden Church with John Cena.
It was filmed in New Orleans, Louisiana, but the movie takes place in California.
It was released to mixed reviews on December 25, 2015.
It was rated M in Australia and New Zealand for violence, sexual references and offensive language.
Trumbo won two Academy Awards while blacklisted; one (for Roman Holiday) was originally given to a front writer, and one (for The Brave One) was awarded to "Robert Rich", Trumbo's pseudonym.
On December 19, 2011, the Writers Guild of America announced that Trumbo was being given full credit for his work on the screenplay of the 1953 romantic comedy Roman Holiday, almost sixty years after the fact.
Actor Bryan Cranston plays Trumbo in the 2015 biopic Trumbo directed by Jay Roach.
Dalton Trumbo at Library of Congress Authorities — with 20 catalog records
Dalton Trumbo Papers at the Wisconsin Center for Film and Theater Research.
"Run-Around" is a song by American jam band, Blues Traveler.
It was released on the 1994 album Four.
It won the band's first  Grammy Award in 1995, for "Best Rock Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group.
The song was the band's first successful single, peaking at #8 on the Billboard Hot 100.
Trumbo is a 2015 American biographical-drama movie directed by Jay Roach.
It was written by Michael London.
The movie is about when screenwriter Dalton Trumbo is blacklisted as a communist for his support of the Communist Party of the USA during the 1950s.
It stars Bryan Cranston as Trumbo with Diane Lane, Helen Mirren, Louis C.K., Elle Fanning, Michael Stuhlbarg, and John Goodman.
It was released to positive reviews on November 6, 2015.
James Jerome "Jim" O'Toole (January 10, 1937 – December 26, 2015) was an American professional baseball pitcher.
He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Cincinnati Reds (1958–1966) and Chicago White Sox (1967).
O'Toole was born in Chicago, Illinois.
He married Betty Wall on July 2, 1960.
O'Toole died from cancer on December 26, 2015 in Cincinnati, Ohio.
Dichen Lachman (born 22 February 1982) is a Nepalese-born Australian actress and movie producer.
She is best known for her roles in the television series Neighbours, Dollhouse, NCIS: Los Angeles, Hawaii Five-0, Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. and CSI: Crime Scene Investigation.
Lachman was born in Kathmandu.
Her mother is Tibetan and her father is an Australian of German ancestry.
She grew up in Adelaide, South Australia.
She moved to the United States in 2007 and lives in Los Angeles, California.
She is married to Max Osinski and has one child.
Dami Im ( , , ; born October 17, 1988) is a South Korean-born Australian singer.
She is best known for winning the fifth season of The X Factor in 2013.
Her first album was an ARIA number one.
She has three studio albums, two extended plays, nine singles, two album appearances, and four music videos.
She represented Australia at the Eurovision Song Contest in 2016, coming second with "Sound of Silence".
Im was born in Incheon.
She grew up in Brisbane, Queensland.
She is married and lives in Daisy Hill, a suburb of Logan City, Queensland.
Haskell Wexler, A.S.C. (February 6, 1922 – December 27, 2015) was an American cinematographer, movie producer, screenwriter and director.
He won an Academy Award for Best Cinematography in 1966.
Wexler was known for his works One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest, Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?,
Medium Cool, In the Heat of the Night, Days of Heaven and for Matewan.
He was said to be one of film history's ten most influential cinematographers in a survey of the members of the International Cinematographers Guild.
A documentary about Wexler's 1969 film Medium Cool
Haskell Wexler, ASC, Focuses on the Making of Matewan
John Patterson, "Through a lens darkly", The Guardian, interview, June 2, 2006
Underground Album Details at Smithsonian Folkways
Video interview  of Wexler about the film Medium Cool
David Lee Henderson (July 21, 1958 – December 27, 2015), nicknamed Hendu, was an American professional baseball player.
He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Seattle Mariners, Boston Red Sox, San Francisco Giants, Oakland Athletics, and Kansas City Royals during his 14-year career.
He was born in Merced, California.
Venezuelan Professional Baseball League
Page at Baseball Library
Baseball's 25 Greatest Moments: Dave Henderson's Home Run
Jose Offerman was a Major League Baseball player who played for the Boston Red Sox among other teams.
The 100 Greatest Royals of All-Time- #42 Jose Offerman
James John "Jim" Klobuchar (April 9, 1928 – May 12, 2021) was an American journalist, author, and tour guide.
He wrote for the Star Tribune in Minneapolis for thirty years.
He wrote an occasional column for the Christian Science Monitor.
He was the father of U.S. Senator Amy Klobuchar.
He was born in Ely, Minnesota.
Mark Robert Warner (born December 15, 1954) is an American politician and the senior United States Senator from Virginia, in office since 2009.
Warner was the 69th Governor of Virginia, holding the office from 2002 to 2006.
Senator Mark Warner official U.S. Senate site
Forward Together PAC
C-SPAN Q&A interview with Warner, November 6, 2005
Ellsworth Kelly (May 31, 1923 – December 27, 2015) was an American painter, sculptor, and printmaker.
He worked with hard-edge painting, Color Field painting and the minimalist school.
His works showed unique techniques showing simplicity of form, similar to the work of John McLaughlin and Kenneth Noland.
The Babadook is a 2014 Australian-Canadian psychological horror drama movie, written and directed by Jennifer Kent as her directorial debut.
It is about a woman and her son being tortured by an evil spirit based on a child's book.
The movie stars Essie Davis and Noah Wiseman, while Daniel Henshall, Hayley McElhinney, Barbara West, and Ben Winspear appear in supporting roles.
The Babadook was produced by Causeway Films (Kristina Ceyton) and is based on the short movie Monster (2005), also written and directed by Kent.
The movie was shown at the 2014 Sundance Film Festival and received positive reviews.
On Rotten Tomatoes' aggregation, it was ranked as the third most-liked movie of the year.
The Babadook trailer  at Fliks.com.au
How Jennifer Kent made The Babadook at SBS Movies
Alfredo Alberto Pacheco (1 December 1982 – 27 December 2015) was a Salvadoran footballer.
He played for FAS and the New York Red Bulls.
He also had the record for most appearances for his national team, playing 86 times.
Pacheco was born in Santa Ana.
He was married with five children and lived in the United States.
Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a group of mental and physical problems that can happen when a mother drinks alcohol while she is pregnant.
A "syndrome" is a group of symptoms. "
Fetal" means anything that has to do with a fetus.
Fetal alcohol syndrome includes ways a fetus is hurt by alcohol while it is still in its mother's womb.
Fetal alcohol syndrome is caused by a mother drinking alcohol while she is pregnant.
When a mother drinks while she is pregnant, the alcohol goes through the umbilical cord to the fetus.
This is why doctors say "when a [pregnant] woman drinks alcohol, so does her baby."
This can cause many other problems once the baby is born.
Alcohol can cause problems with the way the fetus develops at any time during a pregnancy.
This includes the earliest part of pregnancy, when the mother might not even know she is pregnant.
Binge drinks (has four or more drinks in a short time), even once; and/or
Drinks a lot, regularly
It does not matter whether the mother drinks beer, wine, hard liquor, or any other kind of alcohol.
One kind is not safer than any other.
They are all equally likely to cause FAS.
Abnormal facial features
Having "abnormal facial features" means that parts of the child's face look different than a child without FAS.
To be diagnosed with FAS, a child must have:
A smooth space between the nose and upper lip;
A thin upper lip; and
Eyes that are wide apart
Growth problems
Children with FAS do not grow as well as children without FAS.
These growth problems can start even before birth, so many babies with FAS are born weighing less than other babies.
To be diagnosed with FAS, a child must have a height, weight, or both that are lower than normal.
Their height or weight must be in the 10th percentile or lower, meaning 90% of all other children are taller or heavier.
Central nervous system problems
The central nervous system controls everything in the body.
When it is damaged by alcohol during pregnancy, the damage can cause many different problems.
To be diagnosed with FAS, a child must have three different kinds of central nervous system problems:
Structural problems
"Structural" problems are problems with the shape of the head or the brain.
The child's head may be smaller than what would be normal for their height and weight
Brain scans (like MRIs) may show changes in the shape of the child's brain
Neurological problems
Neurological problems are problems with the way the brain and nerves control the body.
Problems with coordination (using different parts of the body together)
Problems controlling muscles
Problems with sucking as a baby
Functional problems
"Functional" problems are problems doing everyday tasks.
To be diagnosed with FAS, a child has to have a lot more trouble doing everyday things than other children his age.
The child has to have a low IQ or developmental delay, or problems in three of these areas:
Cognitive deficits (thinking problems), like trouble learning in school
Executive functioning deficits (problems with the type of thinking that helps us plan, organize, and solve problems)
Motor functioning delays (problems with how a person controls their muscles), like:
Having trouble walking (this is an example of a gross motor skill)
Having trouble writing (this is a fine motor skill)
Having trouble with balance and coordination (using different parts of the body together)
Attention problems or hyperactivity (having trouble paying attention and having lots of energy)
Problems with social skills, like making friends
Other problems with daily tasks
In the United States, alcohol is the most common cause of birth defects that can be prevented.
Fetal alcohol syndrome can be prevented in every pregnancy if the mother drinks no alcohol while she is pregnant.
Doctors suggest that women who are trying to get pregnant should also drink no alcohol.
This is because a woman may not know she is pregnant for the first 4–6 weeks of her pregnancy.
Some women drink alcohol during this time, since they do not realize they are pregnant.
But drinking during the earliest part of a pregnancy can cause severe FAS because the earliest part of the pregnancy is when the fetus's brain starts developing.
This is why it is safest not to drink any alcohol if a woman thinks she might get pregnant.
Stein Eriksen (11 December 1927 – 27 December 2015) is a Norwegian-American alpine skier.
He won gold and two silvers at the 1952 Winter Olympics in Oslo.
Eriksen was born in Oslo.
His parents were Marius Eriksen (1886–1950) and Birgit Heien (1900–1996).
He lived in the United States for six decades.
Eriksen died on 27 December 2015 in Park City, Utah.
Stein Eriksen at the International Ski Federation
In geodesy, a meridian arc is the distance between two points with the same longitude.
In geometry it is an arc: a segment of a curve.
The length of an imaginary rope laid over the globe would be that distance.
Two or more such measurements at different places get the shape of the  reference ellipsoid which is most like the shape of the geoid.
This process is called "the determination of the figure of the Earth".
The earliest determinations of the size of a spherical Earth used a single arc.
The latest determinations use astro-geodetic measurements and the methods of satellite geodesy to get the reference ellipsoids.
The Alexandrian scientist Eratosthenes about 240 BC, first calculated a good value for circumference of the Earth.
He knew that on the summer solstice at local noon the sun goes through the zenith in the ancient Egyptian city of Syene (Assuan).
He also knew from his own measurements that, at the same moment in his hometown of Alexandria, the zenith distance was 1/50 of a full circle (7.2°).
Assuming that Alexandria was due north of Syene, Eratosthenes concluded that the distance between Alexandria and Syene must be 1/50 of Earth's circumference.
In 1687 Newton published in the Principia a proof that the Earth was an oblate spheroid of flattening equal to 1/230.
Philip fought for the Habsburgs in the Spanish War of Succession.
In 1708 he became Field Marshal and Supreme Commander of the Imperial troops in newly conquered Naples.
After the war in 1714, under influence of Prince Eugene of Savoy, he became governor of the former Duchy of Mantua until his death.
Philip was a great lover of music.
When he was with his soldiers in Naples, he was patron of Nicola Porpora.
When he was governor of Mantua, he made Antonio Vivaldi Maestro di Cappella of his court.
Vivaldi wrote the opera Tito Manlio to celebrate Philip's wedding to Princess Eleanora of Guastalla, however the wedding never took place.
On March 24, 1693, Philip married Marie Therese of Croÿ (1673–1714), daughter of Ferdinand François Joseph, Duke of Croy-Havré.
He had to beome a Catholic for the wedding, which made his mother very upset.
Joseph (1699−1768), Bishop of Augsburg
Wilhelm Ludwig (1704, died young)
Theodora (February 6, 1706 – January 23, 1784), married in 1727 Duke Antonio Ferrante Gonzaga (1687–1729), no children.
Leopold (1708–1764), Imperial Field marshal, married in 1740 Enrichetta d'Este from Modena (1702–1777)
Charles (1710-1710)
Andreas Räss: Die Convertiten seit der Reformation S. 467 ff.
Alfred Arneth: Prinz Eugen von Savoyen, Wien, 1864
www.geneall.net
Sean Patrick Hayes (born June 26, 1970) is an American actor, comedian, and producer.
He is best known for his role as Jack McFarland on the NBC sitcom Will & Grace.
During the series he won an Emmy Award, four SAG Awards, and one American Comedy Award, and earned six Golden Globe nominations.
After Will & Grace he guest starred in programs such as 30 Rock, Portlandia and Parks and Recreation.
Robert Leopold Spitzer (May 22, 1932 – December 25, 2015) was an American psychiatrist.
He was a professor of psychiatry at Columbia University in New York City.
He was a major figure in the development of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM).
He helped remove homosexuality as a mental disorder.
Spitzer was born in White Plains, New York.
He studied at Cornell University and at New York University School of Medicine.
He worked at Columbia University until his retirement in 2010.
Spitzer died of heart disease at his home in Seattle, Washington at the age of 83.
Psychiatrist Robert Spitzer, Hero and Villain to Gay Rights Movement, Dies at 83
Mujaddid () in Islam is a reformer who is given the task of removing errors that have occurred among Muslims.
Their job is to show people the great religious truths which the Muslim community will be asked to face.
According to the popular Muslim tradition, it refers to a person who appears at the turn of every century of the Islamic calendar to revive Islam, cleansing it of  extraneous elements and restoring it to its pristine purity.
In contemporary times, a mujaddid is looked upon as the greatest Muslim of a century.
Ikhtilaf (disagreements) exist among vatious hadith specialists.
Scholars and historians like Al-Dhahabi and Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani have interpreted that the term mujaddid can also be understood as plural, thus referring to a group of people.
The Arabic word mujaddid means "reformer", "renovator", "reviver", "renewer" or "regenerator".
It is someone who revives and renovates the religion.
The concept of tajdid (renewal or revival) and the term mujaddid come rather from a hadith, a statement of the Prophet Muhammad.
This hadith was written down by Abu Dawood in his Sunan, one of the six authoritative Sunni collections of the Prophet's statements.
In this hadith, the Prophet says:
This means reform is in the essential nature of Islam and Muslims are called all the time to work hard to make new ideas cope with tradition.
It also means that not everything in the Muslim tradition is useful and good for this modern age; there are certain things that were possible in the past but are no longer relevant today.
Slavery would be a prime example.
The concept of tajdid in Islamic thought
The science of Islamic doctrine.
The Principles of Islamic jurisprudence.
The science of Jurisprudence.
The science of the sunnah.
The science of Qur'anic exegesis (tafsir).
The science of Purification and Code of Conduct (Sufism).
The biography of the Prophet and Islamic history.
Mujaddids can include prominent scholars, pious rulers and military commanders.
The reformers in Islam
There is no formal mechanism for designating a mujaddid.
The persons of this list are claimed to be Mujaddid.
While there is no formal mechanism for designating a mujaddid in Sunni Islam, there is often a popular consensus.
1th Century AH
Al-Hasan al-Basri (21–110 A.H./642–728 A.D.)
Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz (63–101 A.H./682–720 A.D.)
Abu Hanifah (80–150 A.H./702–772 A.D.)
Malik ibn Anas (93–179 A.H./711–795 A.D.)
2th Century AH
Muhammad ibn Idris al-Shafi'i (150–204 A.H./767–820 A.D.)
Ahmad ibn Hanbal (164–241 A.H./781–855 A.D.)
3th Century AH
Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari (260–324 A.H./873–935 A.D.)
Abu Mansur al-Maturidi (238–333 A.H./852–944 A.D.)
Abu Ja'far al-Tahawi (239–321 A.H./853–933 A.D.)
Ibn Surayj (249–306 A.H./864–918 A.D.)
4th Century AH
Abu Bakr al-Baqillani (338–403 A.H./950–1013 A.D.)
Ibn Furak (330–406 A.H./941–1015 A.D.)
Al-Hakim al-Nishapuri (321–405 A.H./933–1014 A.D.)
Abu Hamid al-Isfarayini (344–406 A.H./955–1015 A.D.)
Abu al-Tayyib Sahl al-Sa'luki (000–404 A.H./000–1013/14 A.D.)
Ibn Hazm al-Andalusi (384–456 A.H./994–1064 A.D.)
Abu al-Ma'ali al-Juwayni (419–478 A.H./1028–1085 A.D.)
5th Century AH
Abu Hamid al-Ghazali (450–505 A.H./1058–1111 A.D.)
Ibn al-Jawzi (509/510–597 A.H./1116–1201 A.D.)
Ahmad al-Rifa'i (512–578 A.H./1118–1182 A.D.)
6th Century AH
Fakhr al-Din al-Razi (543/44–606 A.H./1149–1209 A.D.)
Abu al-Qasim al-Rafi'i (555–623 A.H./1160–1226 A.D.)
Al-Baydawi (000–685 A.H./000–1286 A.D.)
Al-'Izz ibn 'Abd al-Salam (577–660 A.H./1181/82–1262 A.D.)
7th Century AH
Ibn Daqiq al-'ld (625–702 A.H./1228–1302 A.D.)
Ibn 'Ata' Allah al-Sakandari (658–709 A.H./1259–1309 A.D.)
Ibn Battuta (703–779 A.H./1304–1377 A.D.)
Abu Ishaq al-Shatibi (720–790 A.H./1320–1388 A.D.)
Al-Taftazani (722–793 A.H./1322–1390 A.D.)
8th Century AH
Siraj al-Din al-Bulqini (724-805 A.H./1324-1403 A.D.)
Zain al-Din al-'Iraqi (725-806 A.H./1325-1404 A.D.)
Ibn Khaldun (732-808 A.H./1332-1406 A.D.)
9th Century AH
Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti (849–911 A.H./1445–1505 A.D.)
Zakariyya al-Ansari (823–926 A.H./1420–1520 A.D.)
10th Century AH
Shams al-Din al-Ramli (919–1004 A.H./1513–1596 A.D.)
Khayr al-Din al-Ramli (993–1081 A.H./1585–1671 A.D.)
Ahmad Sirhindi (971–1034 A.H./1564–1624 A.D.)
11th Century AH
Aurangzeb (1068–1118 A.H./1658–1707 A.D.)
'Abdallah ibn 'Alawi al-Haddad (1044–1132 A.H./1634–1719 A.D.)
Shah Waliullah Dehlawi (1114–1176 A.H./1703–1762 A.D.)
12th Century AH
Murtada al-Zabidi (1145–1205 A.H./1732–1791 A.D.)
Ahmad ibn 'Ajiba (1160–1224 A.H./1747–1809 A.D.)
Shah Abdul Aziz Dehlawi (1159–1239 A.H./1746–1824 A.D.)
Thirteenth Century (November 14, 1882)
Muhammad Abduh (1849–1905)
Said Nursî (1878–1960)
Fourteenth Century (November 21, 1979)
Ahmed Raza Khan ( 1865 - 1921)
Muhammad Nasiruddin al-Albani (1914-1999)
Controversial figures
Ibn Taymiyyah (661–728 A.H./1263–1328 A.D.)
Usman dan Fodio (1167–1233 A.H./1754–1817 A.D.)
Al-Albani (1332–1420 A.H./1914–1999 A.D.)
Tuhfat al-Muhtadin bi Akhbar al-Mujaddidin () by Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti.
Mausu'at A'lam al-Mujaddidin fi al-Islam () by Samih Kurayyim.
Mujaddid - Islamic Encyclopedia
Concept of a Mujaddid and the past and present ones
Eleanor Coen (October 21, 1916 – July 9, 2010) was an American painter.
She was born in Normal, Illinois.
Coen worked at the Art Institute of Chicago.
Coen's work is displayed at the Smithsonian American Art Museum and Art Institute of Chicago.
Martin Bell (born January 16, 1943) is an American movie director.
He was best known for his movies such as Streetwise and American Heart.
His career began in 1971 wile making short movies.
He was married to Mary Ellen Mark until her death in 2015.
Aaron Temkin Beck (July 18, 1921 – November 1, 2021) was an American psychiatrist and a professor emeritus in the department of psychiatry at the University of Pennsylvania.
He was thought to be as the father of cognitive therapy, and his theories are widely used in the treatment of clinical depression.
Beck was born in Providence, Rhode Island to a family of Russian Jewish immigrants.
He studied at Brown University and at Yale Medical School.
Beck also developed self-report measures of depression and anxiety including Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Hopelessness Scale, Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSS), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Beck Youth Inventories.
Beck is known for his research in psychotherapy, psychopathology, suicide, and psychometrics, which led to his creation of cognitive therapy and the BDI, one of the most widely used instruments for measuring depression severity.
Beck worked with psychologist Maria Kovacs in the creation of the Children's Depression Inventory, which used the BDI as a model.
Beck's work at the University of Pennsylvania inspired Martin Seligman to create his own cognitive techniques and exercises, and later work on learned helplessness.
Beck married judge Phyllis W. Beck in 1950.
He lived in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Beck turned 100 on July 18, 2021 and died later in the year on November 1 at his home in Philadelphia.
Beck, A.T., & Haigh, E. A.-P. (2014).
Advances in Cognitive Theory and Therapy: The Generic Cognitive Model.
Palo Alto, CA: Annual Review of Clinical Psychology.
DOI 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032813-153734
Beck, A.T. (1967).
The diagnosis and management of depression.
Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Beck, A.T. (1972).
Depression: Causes and treatment.
Beck, A.T. (1975).
Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders.
Madison, CT: International Universities Press, Inc.
Beck, A.T., Rush, A.J., Shaw, B.F., & Emery, G. (1979).
New York, NY: Guilford Press.
Beck Institute for Cognitive Therapy and Research
Cognitive Therapy Today (Beck Institute's Blog)
Academy of Cognitive Therapy
Centro de Psicología Aaron Beck España
The International Institute for the Advanced Studies of Psychotherapy and Applied Mental Health
Charlie Rose interview of Aaron T. Beck and others (video)
Aaron T. Beck interviewed by daughter Judith Beck (video)
Ralph Deleon Guerrero Torres (born August 6, 1979) is an American Republican politician from Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands.
He is serving as the 9th Governor of the Northern Mariana Islands upon the death of governor Eloy Inos on December 28, 2015.
He previously served as the 10th Lieutenant Governor.
He was elected to this position in the 2014 election.
Sir William Waad (also Wade or Wadd) (1546 - 1623) was an English diplomat and administrator.
He served as a special diplomatic agent for Elizabeth I of England.
She sent him to France to collect papers which were used to convict her sister, Queen Mary.
Waad also carried out the questioning and interrogations of political prisoners, often using torture to get the answers.
He was involved in questioning Sir Walter Raleigh, members of the Gunpowder Plot, and the Essex rebellion among others.
Carlos Antonio Romero Barceló (September 4, 1932 – May 2, 2021) was a Puerto Rican politician.
He served as the fifth Governor of Puerto Rico.
He was the second governor to be elected from the New Progressive Party (PNP) and also Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico from 1993 to 2001.
Romero Barceló was hospitalized in San Juan, Puerto Rico in March 2021 for sepsis and a urinary tract infection.
He died a month later on May 2, 2021 at the age of 88.
Hispanic Americans in Congress: Carlos Romero-Barceló
The National League of Cities
United States senators
A coronagraph is a telescope to see things around the Sun.