the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
Albany is a city in the state of Texas in the United States.
It is the county seat of Shackelford County.
About 2,032 people lived there in 2010.
The city was named for Albany, Georgia.
The Cook oilfields were discovered in 1926.
They became a large part of the local economy.
Ranching is the main occupation, raising sheep and cattle.
The town slogan is "Albany, the Home of the Hereford."
Shackelford County is a county in the state of Texas in the United States.
In 2010, 3,378 people lived there.
The county was named for Jack Shackelford who had been a medical man, and then was a soldier who lead men in the Texas Revolution.
Crystal City is a city in the state of Texas in the United States.
It is the county seat of Zavala County.
About 7,446 people lived there in 2013.
The "San Antonio, Uvalde and Gulf Railroad" stopped in Crystal City.
Crystal City was home to a large internment camp in World War II.
It was the largest internment camp for Germans and those of German descent in the US.
Almost all the children and many of the wives interned here were American citizens.
Most were held here for four years.
Fredric Sheldon Brandt (June 26, 1949 – April 5, 2015) was an American physician, researcher, lecturer, author, and radio host.
He was known for using the first botulinum toxin ("botox") and fillers.
Brandt was also known for his role in the FDA approval of numerous fillers and botulinum toxins for cosmetic use in the United States.
Brandt committed suicide by hanging himself on April 5, 2015 in his home in Coconut Grove, Florida, aged 65.
His publicist reported that he had been suffering from depression.
Dr. Brandt Skincare
Scientists from Newark, New Jersey
Scientists from Miami, Florida
Educators from Newark, New Jersey
Kardam was born after the unseating of the Bulgarian monarchy.
He was sometimes styled as if her were a crown prince.
He was known also as Kardam of Bulgaria and Kardam of Turnovo, the latter being the title of the heir apparent of the Bulgarian throne.
Prince Kardam suffered severe injuries in a road accident in 2008, and did not recover.
He died of a lung infection in hospital in Madrid on 7 April 2015, aged 52.
Simeon Borisov Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Tsar Simeon II or King Simeon II of Bulgaria (Bulgarian: Симеон Борисов Сакскобургготски) (born 16 June 1937) is an important political and royal figure in Bulgaria.
During his reign as the Tsar of Bulgaria from 1943 to 1946 he was a minor, the monarchical leader.
He also served as the 48th Prime Minister of Bulgaria.
King Simeon II
The first website about Simeon II of Bulgaria focuses on his pre-1995 history
Financial Times July 2001 Biography
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha's address, 10 February 2005  concerning amending the constitution to bring it in line with EU requirements
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha's statement, 5 July 2002  concerning Bulgaria's candidacy for NATO membership: "The role of the international community should be gradually transformed from crisis response to integration.
Palliative measures intended to mitigate yet another crisis cannot bring stability and prosperity.
The best solution is the region's integration into the European and Euroatlantic institutions."
Ralph Bakshi (born October 29, 1938) is an American director of animated and live-action movies.
His best known movies include Fritz the Cat (1972), Wizards (1977), The Lord of the Rings (1978), American Pop  (1981) and Fire and Ice (1983).
Rotospective: Ralph Bakshi, Lessons in Artistry, Rebellion and Success a profile at AgentPalmer.com
Radio interview with actor Ron Thompson from Ralph Bakshi's American Pop
American Pop – Q&A video with actor Ron Thompson at The Egyptian Theatre in Hollywood, California
Saint Petersburg, second largest city in Russia
Shortest Path Bridging, (IEEE 802.1aq), computer networking
Sodium phosphate, term for a variety of salts
The Duke Lemur Center is an  sanctuary for several species of lemurs and lorises.
It is at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina.
The center is the largest sanctuary for these animals in the world.
There are about 10 different species at the center.
The center does not harm the animals while researching them.
The Duke Lemur Center is open to the public.
Tours are by appointment only.
On November 10, 2014, Jovian (best known for mainly portraying Zoboomafoo in the series of the same name) died at his home in the center of renal failure at age 20.
It is currently unknown when his funeral was.
The official homepage of the Duke Lemur Center
Kay Lenz (born March 4, 1953) is an American actress and former child performer.
She has worked mainly in television.
She has received two Emmy Awards.
She played Jane in American Graffiti.
She also played Maggie Zombro in Reasonable Doubts.
There are 22 marmoset species in four genera.
All are in the biological family Callitrichidae.
The term marmoset is also used in reference to the Goeldi's marmoset, Callimico goeldii, which is closely related.
Most marmosets are about  long.
Compared to other monkeys, they have some primitive features.
They have claws rather than nails, they lack wisdom teeth, and their brain layout seems to be relatively primitive.
Their body temperature is unusually variable, changing by up to 4 °C (7 °F) in a day.
Marmosets are native to South America and have been found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay and Peru.
They have also been spotted in Central America.
Marmosets have germline chimerism.
This is not known to occur in nature in any primates except this family.
Marmosets are highly active, living in the upper canopy of forest trees, and feeding on insects, fruit and leaves.
They have long lower incisors, which allow them to chew holes in tree trunks and branches to harvest the gum inside; some species are specialised feeders on gum.
Marmosets live in family groups of three to 15.
There are one or two breeding females, an unrelated male, offspring and other family members and unrelated individuals.
Their mating systems are highly variable and include monogamy, polygyny and occasionally polyandry.
Old Calendarists is the name of traditionalist Eastern Orthodox churches which have splintered from their church due to their church adopting the revised Julian calendar.
In 1889, the Old Catholic Church seceded from the Roman Catholic Church, mainly because Old Catholics do not accept the dogma that the pope is infallible.
All of the Old Catholic Churches united in what is called the Union of Utrecht, in 1889.
Christianity in the Netherlands
Charles Raymond Offenberg (September 13, 1918 – April 6, 2015), better known as Ray Charles, was an American singer, songwriter, musician, conductor, and vocal arranger.
He was best known as the organizer and leader of the Ray Charles Singers (who were featured on Perry Como's television series, radio shows, and records for 35 years).
Jayakanthan (; 24 April 1934 – 8 April 2015) was a Tamil writer, essayist, journalist, pamphleteer, filmmaker and critic.
He was a recipient of both Jnanpith and Sahitya Akademi awards.
Conversion therapy is treatment to change a person from homosexual to heterosexual.
Such treatments have been criticized for being a form of pseudoscience.
Conversion therapy has been controversial in some countries, including the United States.
The American Psychiatric Association has criticized the treatments.
They say the treatments are unreliable.
The highest-profile contemporary supporters for conversion therapy are Christian fundamentalists and other religious organizations.
This therapy has been ridiculed by critics as "pray the gay away".
Jovian (1994 – November 10, 2014) was a Coquerel's sifaka lemur, best known for mainly portraying Zoboomafoo in the series of the same name.
On November 10, 2014, Jovian died at his home in the Duke Lemur Center of renal failure at age 20.
The National Primate Research Centers is a network of 8 research programs in the United States.
It is funded by the National Institutes of Health to conduct biomedical research on primates.
Each center is connected to a university or other host institution.
The Biomedical Primate Research Center (BPRC) is Europe's largest primate research center.
It is a scientific research institute that performs research that contributes to the identification and development of new medicines against deadly diseases.
The center is located in Rijswijk, (Zuid-Holland).
The official homepage of the Biomedical Primate Research Center
Màrius Serra i Roig (May 1, 1963, Barcelona, Catalonia) is a Spanish writer.
He is also a journalist.
He has won several writing prizes.
He is a graduate in English philology studies.
In 2006 he won the most important prize in Catalonia for writing his novel Farsa (Catalan for Farce): the Ramon Llull Prize.
He was also a presenter on a television show about books (named Alexandria) in Canal 33 in Catalonia.
Màrius is a writer on Avui newspaper (Catalonia).
Serra is also on a radio program of Radio Nacional de España.
1987 Linia (Line)
1988 Amnèsia (Amnesia)
1991 Tres és massa (Three it is too much)
1993 Contagi (Infection)
1998 La Vida normal (The normal life)
1990 L’home del sac (The bag man)
1996 Mon oncle (My uncle)
1999 Ablanatanalba
2003 Monocle
2006 Farsa (Farce)
2008 Quiet
2013 Plans de futur (Future plans)
2004 De com s'escriu una novel·la
2007 Enviar i Rebre
Criticism and literary studies
2004 de com s’escriu una novel·la (How to write a novel)
Sarah Breedlove (December 23, 1867 – May 25, 1919), known as Madam C. J. Walker, was an American entrepreneur and philanthropist.
She was said to be the first female self-made millionaire in America.
When she died her estate was worth  $600,000 (worth about $8 million today).
So this may not have been entirely true.
She made her fortune in the hair care business.
Her own hair loss caused her to look for “hair-growing” solutions.
She developed and marketed a successful line of beauty and hair products for black women.
She started the company Madame C.J. Walker Manufacturing Company.
She died May 25, 1919 of hypertension in Irvington, New York at the age of 51.
On December 23, 1867, Sarah Breedlove was born on a plantation near the village of Delta, Louisiana.
She was the fifth child born to recently freed slaves, Owen and Minerva.
She was their first child born free.
Her mother died in 1874 and her father died in 1875.
She went to live with her sister Louvinia and her husband.
In 1877 they moved to Vicksburg, Mississippi where Sarah picked cotton.
At age 14 she married Moses McWilliams.
Breedlove and her daughter A'Lelia went to St. Louis.
Two of her brothers were barbers there.
She worked washing clothes for $1.50 USD a day.
She also attended night school.
In 1894 Breedlove married for the second time to John Davis.
But the marriage failed as he was unfaithful to her.
In the 1890s Breedlove began losing her hair due to a scalp condition.
She began experimenting with home made cures.
At the 1904 World's Fair Breedlove met Annie (Turnbow) Malone.
By 1905 she was selling Malone's products.
Breedlove moved to Denver where she married her second husband, Charles Joseph Walker.
In a dream it came to her what to mix up for a hair product.
One of the ingredients was only available in Africa so she sent for some.
Her hair started growing again.
She started her own business selling a product she developed "Madam Walker's Wonderful Hair Grower" It was designed as a scalp healer and hair conditioner.
As Mrs C.J. Walker she changed her business name to Madam C.J. Walker.
in 1906, her daughter A'Lelia graduated from college and came to work managing her mother's company.
This freed Walker to begin selling her product door-to-door.
She gave presentations to church groups wherever she could.
In 1908 she started her own college in Pittsburgh to train her salespeople.
Self-made success
In 1910 she incorporated her company.
She could not attract big investors so she used $10,000 of her own money to start her school and factory in Indianapolis.
She was the sole shareholder of the Madame C.J. Walker Manufacturing Company.
Sarah Walker was a serious business women.
She began mixing herbs and shampoos.
Her products where especially for black women.
In a short time she had trained 40,000 salespeople, her "Walker Agents".
Her agents learned her system of vegetable shampoos, witch hazel, cold creams and diets.
She didn't invent the hot comb, for straightening hair.
But she improved it with wider teeth just for black women's hair.
Walker attended the National Negro Business League Thirteenth Annual Convention in 1912.
No women were included on the schedule of speakers.
Walker got up and took the podium from Booker T. Washington who was moderating.
She told her story and why women should be included.
At the fourteenth convention she was on the schedule of speakers.
She had the ability to inspire others.
Walker was a leader and a role model in the black community.
She was one of the first female African Americans to create hair care products for black women.
This was at a time when almost all products where for white people.
The goal of her starting her business was to make female African Americans feel better about themselves.
They could feel better about their appearance by using her products.
Walker re-invented hair straightening just for black people.
Her way of making money helped her and also got her employees out of poverty.
Whenever they would make a sale for her they would get a certain percentage of the money.
She did get some criticism from other black leaders.
Booker T. Washington criticized her for making black women look like white women.
He did not like skin bleaching and straightened hair.
But she stated that the crucial ingredients for her hair care products came from Africa.
Madam C. J. Walker died on May 25, 1919.
Smail Prevljak (born 16 February 1995) is a Bosnian professional footballer who plays as a forward for KAS Eupen in the  Belgian First League.
As a young player, he played for FK Igman Konjic and RB Leipzig.
He was part of the RB Leipzig team that won promotion to the Under 19 Bundesliga for the 2014–15 season.
He was signed on a two-year contract by RB Leipzig on 1 July 2014.
He made his debut on 2 August 2014, in a 0–0 draw against VfR Aalen.
On 1 September 2014, he went on loan to FC Liefering.
He made his full-match debut in a 5–2 lost against SC Austria Lustenau on 26 September 2014.
He scored his first goal for the club, in a 4–1 win against FC Wacker Innsbruck on 3 October 2014.
Despite an injury, he was the leading scorer of FC Liefering (12 goals in the season as of April 2014)
On 9 November 2014 he made his debut for the first team of Salzburg.
He came on in minute 62 in the league match against SCR Altach.
After loans to SV Mattersburg and KAS Eupen he left Salzburg in 2020 and joined KAS Eupen in the Belgian First League.
He holds a Bosnian passport and played for Bosnia U21 and the national team.
Austrian Champion: 2015, 2016, 2017, 2019, 2020
Austrian Cup: 2015, 2016, 2017, 2019
was a United States Supreme Court landmark decision.
In March 1857 the court ruled that negroes descended from slaves, whether now free or slave, were not citizens of the United States.
Because they were not citizens they could not sue in a Federal court.
Dred Scott had sued in federal court.
He claimed he was free because he had lived in free territory.
He lost his case in a ruling that has been condemned by many as the Supreme Court's worst decision.
Dr. John Emerson was a surgeon serving in the U.S. Army.
In 1833 he purchased Dred Scott, a slave in Missouri.
The same year he moved to Illinois taking Scott with him.
Emerson was sent to a fort in the Wisconsin Territory.
Scott, his slave, went with him.
While living in the Wisconsin territory (now Minnesota) Scott met and married Harriet Robinson.
She was owned by a justice of the peace.
After marrying Scott, Emerson became her owner as well.
Emerson returned to Missouri taking his slaves with him.
In 1843 Emerson died in Missouri.
Scott and his family were left to Emerson's wife, Eliza Sandford.
Supreme Court Case
In 1846 Scott sued for his freedom in court.
Helped by Abolitionist lawyers, he claimed that he was free because he had lived in free states for a long time.
The defense claimed that Dr. Emerson was forced to move to the Wisconsin territory because he served with the United States Army.
He should be able to keep his property.
The presiding judge, Roger B. Taney, decided that Scott was not free and he did not have a right to sue.
Furthermore, he stated that Congress could not make laws prohibiting slavery in United States territories.
This was the majority opinion with seven out of nine Justices agreeing.
The ruling was a major setback to the anti-slavery movement.
The Republicans condemned the ruling.
In effect, it allowed slavery in the northern states.
It became a central issue in slavery debates in the US.
In 1868 the Fourteenth Amendment overturned the Dred Scott decision.
It gave all persons born or naturalized in the United States citizenship regardless of their color.
Soon after the court decision of 1857 Eliza Sandford sold Scott and his family to Taylor Blow.
Blow (one of Scott's previous owners) then granted Scott and his family their freedom.
Scott died a free man on September 17, 1858.
He did not live long enough to see African Americans become United States citizens.
Other Supreme Course Cases Later Overturned by US Constitution Amendments
Dred Scott is one of only four decisions by the Supreme Court that were overturned by an amendment to the United States Constitution.
The other three are:
Chisholm v. Georgia, which was overturned by passage of the Eleventh Amendment.
Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co., which was overturned by passage of the Sixteenth Amendment.
Oregon v. Mitchell, which was reversed by the Twenty-sixth Amendment.
Minor v. Happersett, which was indirectly overturned by the Nineteenth Amendment.
In 1875, Virginia Minor, in trying to gain the right to vote for women, argued the Fourteenth Amendment gave citizens the right to vote.
The Court said it did not.
The passage of the Nineteenth Amendment, 45 years later, gave women the right to vote.
However, Minor v. Happersett'' was still cited as case law into the 1960s in other right to vote issues.
1857 Dred Scott decision
Essays on Fairness Of The Dred Scott Decision
Jirair Sefilian (Ժիրայր Սեֆիլյան; born 10 July 1967) is an Armenian military commander and political activist.
He is one of the leaders of Armenian opposition and the head of Founding Parliament opposition group.
Since April 8, 2015 he is under arrest and recognized as a political prisoner.
In 1990 Sefilian arrived in Armenia and participated in the Karabakh War.
Sefilian became the commander of the Shushi special military commando, playing a significant role during the Battle of Shusha.
Sefilian was awarded with the First Degree Order of the Combat Cross.
Nina Companeez (born 26 August 1937 – 9 April 2015) was a French screenwriter and film director.
She was known for her movies The Horseman on the Roof, Adorable menteuse, and The Diary of an Innocent Boy.
Geoffrey Bond Lewis (July 31, 1935 – April 7, 2015) was an American character actor.
Lewis was known for his movie roles alongside Robert Redford and Clint Eastwood.
Lewis was born in San Diego, California.
He was married to Glenis Batley from 1973 until they divorced in 1975, Then he was married to Paula Hochhallter until his death in 2015.
One of his daughters is actress-singer Juliette Lewis.
Lewis worked many times with actor-director Clint Eastwood in several movies.
They were Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil, Pink Cadillac, Any Which Way You Can, Bronco Billy, Every Which Way but Loose, Thunderbolt and Lightfoot and High Plains Drifter.
He is also part of the musical story-telling group Celestial Navigations.
Official Website for Celestial Navigations
Georg Simon Ohm (16 March 1789 - 6 July 1854) was a German physicist and mathematician.
During part of the time in his life, Ohm worked as a school teacher.
Some of his research focused on the new electrochemical cell, invented by Italian scientist Alessandro Volta.
Using equipment he had created himself, Ohm found that there is a direct proportionality between the potential difference (voltage) applied across a conductor and the resultant electric current.
This relationship is known as Ohm's law.
In 1881, after his death, the  SI unit for electrical resistance was named Ohm in his honour.
The uppercase Greek letter Omega (Ω) is used for the unit.
Ground meat (also known as minced meat ) is meat that is finely chopped by a meat grinder or a chopping knife.
Ground beef is a ground meat made of beef.
it is used in many recipes including hamburgers and cottage pie.
Peter Alexander Walsh (11 March 1935 – 10 April 2015) was an Australian  senator and Labor politician from 1974 to 1993.
e was elected to the Australian Senate in 1974, and served as Minister for Resources and Energy from 1983 to 1984 and Finance Minister from 1984 to 1990.
He was noted for his pro-free market views.
Richard "Richie" Benaud OBE (; 6 October 1930 – 10 April 2015) was an Australian cricketer.
After his retirement from international cricket in 1964, he became a well-known commentator on the game.
Benaud was born in Penrith, New South Wales.
His parents were of French descent.
He was raised in Sydney.
Benaud studied at Parramatta High School.
Benaud was a Test cricket all-rounder.
Along with fellow bowling all-rounder Alan Davidson, he helped Australia to be at the top of world cricket in the late 1950s and early 1960s after a slump in the early 1950s.
In 1958 he became Australia's Test captain until his retirement in 1964.
In November 2014, Benaud announced that he was diagnosed with skin cancer, aged 84.
He died in his sleep on 10 April 2015 in Sydney.
Prime Minister of Australia Tony Abbott offered a state funeral for Benaud, but his family rejected the offer.
The Way of Cricket (1961)
A Tale of Two Tests (1962)
Spin Me a Spinner (1963)
The New Champions (1966)
Willow Patterns (1969)
Test Cricket (1982)
World Series Cup Cricket 1981–82 (1982)
The Hottest Summer (1983)
The Ashes 1982–83 (1983)
Benaud on reflection (1984)
The Appeal of Cricket (1995)
Anything But (1998)
My Spin on Cricket (2005)
Over But Not Out (2010)
HowSTAT!
statistical profile on Richie Benaud
Australian sports commentators
Aoi was best known for her roles in films All About Lily Chou-Chou (2001), Hana and Alice (2004), Honey & Clover (2006), Hula Girls (2006), Rainbow Song (2006), Welcome to the Quiet Room (2007), Vampire (2011) and Rurouni Kenshin (2012).
She has won many awards for her performances on screen, including the Japan Academy Prize and Kinema Junpo Awards for best supporting actress in 2007 for Hula Girls and Rookie of the Year for continued performances in the field of Films in Media and Fine Arts by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan in 2009.
Radiography is the name for the use of X-rays to see what is happening to parts of the body.
It is an imaging technique which uses electromagnetic radiation other than light, usually X-rays.
To create the image, a beam of X-rays is produced by an X-ray machine and is projected toward the object.
A certain amount of X-ray is absorbed by the object, which is dependent on the density and composition of that object.
The X-rays that pass through the object are captured behind the object by a detector (either photographic film or a digital detector).
The detector gives a superimposed 2D representation of the object's internal structures.
Tomography is a more advanced way of using X-rays.
In tomography, the machine blurs out structures not in the focal plane.
This gives a series of pictures, like a set of slices through the body.
It is called CT scanning, or computer tomography.
The computer builds a 3-D picture for the expert to look at.
The Place Beyond the Pines is a 2012 American crime drama movie.
It was directed by Derek Cianfrance and it was produced by Lynette Howell, Sidney Kimmel, Alex Orlovsky, and Jamie Patricof.
It has a 80% rating on Rotten Tomatoes.
Kevin Jagernauth of Indiewire gave a positive review and said that it was a "ambitious epic that is cut from some of the same thematic tissue as Cianfrance's previous film, but expands the scope into a wondrously widescreen tale of fathers, sons and the legacy of sins that are passed down through the generations".
Ryan Gosling as Luke Glanton
Bradley Cooper as Avery Cross
Eva Mendes as Romina Gutierrez
Ray Liotta as Peter Deluca
Ben Mendelsohn as Robin Van Der Zee
Rose Byrne as Jennifer Cross
Mahershala Ali as Kofi
Bruce Greenwood as Bill Killcullen
Dane DeHaan as Jason Cankam
Emory Cohen as A. J. Cross
Harris Yulin as Al Cross
Robert Clohessy as Chief Weirzbowski
Olga Merediz as Malena
Subsidiary alliance is a system developed by the East India Company by Lord Wellesley.
It solved the problem of ruling a nation which is under the rule of a king.
An Indian ruler entering into a subsidiary alliance with the British had to accept British forces in his  territory and also agreed to pay for their maintenance.
Such a ruler would not form an alliance with any other power, nor would he declare war against any power without the permission of the British.
The ruler would not employ any Europeans other than the British, and if he were already doing so, he would dismiss them.
In case of a conflict with any other state, the British would decide what to do, and he would accept their solution.
The ruler would acknowledge the East India Company as the power in India.
In return for the ruler accepting its conditions, the Company undertook to protect the state from external dangers and internal disorders.
If the Indian rulers failed to make the payments required by the alliance, then part of their territory was to be taken away as a penalty.
Under this doctrine, Indian rulers under British protection surrendered the control of their foreign affairs to the British.
Most disbanded their native armies, instead maintaining British troops within their states to protect them from attack.
As British power grew, in most parts of India this became increasingly unlikely.
The system also allowed the British to maintain their army at the expense of local rulers.
The House of La Trémoille is an old French family which takes its name from a village (now La Trimouille) in western France.
They are related to the Princely Family of Ligne.
The family has been known since the middle of the 11th century, and since the 14th century its members have been important in French history.
The main line were known as the Viscounts of Thouars (they were made dukes in 1563),  who also used the title Prince of Talmont as well as Prince of Tarente.
Men in the family also used the title of Dukes of La Trémoille but more often than not Duke of Thouars  was used.
Dukes of Thouars
The heir to the title was usually called the Prince of Talmont.
1541-1577: Louis de la Trémoille married Jeanne de Montmorency.
1577-1604: Claude de la Trémoille married Charlotte Brabantine of Orange.
1604-1668: Henri de La Trémoille married Marie de La Tour d'Auvergne.
1668-1672: Henri Charles de La Trémoille married Amélie de Hesse-Cassel.
1674-1709: Charles Belgique Hollande de La Trémoille married Madeleine de Créquy.
1709-1719: Charles Louis Bretagne de La Trémoille married Marie Madeleine Motier de La Fayette.
1719-1741: Charles Armand René de La Trémoille married Marie Hortense de La Tour d'Auvergne.
1741-1792: Jean Bretagne Charles de La Trémoille married Marie Geneviève de Durfort then Marie Maximiliane zu Salm-Kyrburg.
1792-1839: Charles Bretagne Marie de La Trémoille married Louise Emmanuelle de Châtillon then Valentine Eugénie Joséphine Walsh de Serrant.
1839-1911: Louis Charles de La Trémoille.
married Marguerite Tanneguy de Duchâtel.
1911-1921: Louis Charles Marie de La Trémoille  married Helene Marie Leonie Pillet-Will.
1921-1933: Louis Jean Marie de La Trémoille son of the above but died without children.
Jin Youzhi (17 August 1918 – 10 April 2015), also known as Aisin Gioro Puren, was the fourth and youngest son of Zaifeng.
He was the last surviving sibling of Puyi, the final ruler of the Qing Dynasty and last Emperor of China.
Alexander Dalgarno FRS (January 5, 1928 – April 9, 2015) was a British physicist.
He was a Phillips Professor of Astronomy at Harvard University.
He worked in theoretical chemistry, scattering theory, atmospheric physics & chemistry and astrophysics.
He was known as the "father of molecular astrophysics".
Interview with Alexander Dalgarno
A volume honouring Alexander Dalgarno
His International Academy of Quantum Molecular Science page
Autobiographical article in Annual Reviews of Astronomy and Astrophysics
She co-founded The Living Theatre.
She was active during the 1960s and 1970s.
She was known for her roles as Sonny's mother in Dog Day Afternoon, Rose in Awakenings and as Paulie Gualtieri's mother in The Sopranos.
The Living Theatre official site
Graves was born in Knoxville, Tennessee.
He studied at the University of Tennessee, where he played college football.
Graves was best known as the head coach of the Florida Gators football team of the University of Florida.
He served twenty years as the athletic director of the university.
Photos of Ray Graves from the University of Florida Digital Collections
Oral History Interview with Ray Graves by the Samuel Proctor Oral History Program
John Michael Papit (July 25, 1928 – April 6, 2015) was an American football halfback in the National Football League.
He played for the Washington Redskins and the Green Bay Packers.
He played college football at the University of Virginia and was drafted in the seventh round of the 1951 NFL Draft.
Just Sports Stats
Jim 'Bucky' Mutscheller (March 31, 1930 – April 10, 2015) was an American football player.
He played tight end for nine seasons for the Baltimore Colts.
He was born in Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania.
Klingaman, Mike. "
Catching Up With...Former Colt Jim Mutscheller," The Toy Department (The Baltimore Sun sports blog), Tuesday, September 15, 2009.
Gallery of Jim Mutscheller football cards
Anacle Michael Ghounam Kiessou, better known by his stage name Michael Kiessou is a Cameroonian singer-songwriter and entertainer.
He became popular with his song Bennam.
The song was on his debut EP, Partage, released on April 2, 2014.
Partage (2014)
Demoiselle (2012)
Abele (2013)
Bennam (2014)
Tourner les reins (2014)
Wopalilo(Sagat Sagat) feat C-Prime  (2015)
Zeng Zeng - Jemmy Sev (2015)
KDT - HMG feat Dynastie le tigre, Yvich (2015) (TBD)
Canal 2'Or Act 10 ( Canal 2 International Awards )
| rowspan="2"|Michael Kiessou
| Best music revelation
| Best video (tourner les reins)
Greenlight Awards
| Michael Kiessou
| Best Male artist
KR Awards
| Honor Jury Award
Prosimians are a group of proto-primates.
It includes all living and extinct strepsirrhines (lemurs, lorises, and adapiforms), as well as the haplorhine tarsiers and their extinct relatives, the omomyiforms.
Prosimians are a paraphyletic group and not a clade (a group of an ancestor and all its descendants).
Tarsiers share a more recent common ancestor with all simians than with the strepsirrhines.
Consequently, the term "prosimian" is no longer an official term in taxonomy.
It is still used to compare their behaviour with that of other primates.
Adapiformes are an extinct group of early primates.
Adapiformes radiated throughout much of the northern continental mass, reaching as far south as northern Africa and tropical Asia.
They lived from the Eocene to the Miocene epochs.
Some adapiformes looked similar to living lemurs.
Adapiformes are known from the fossil record only, and it is unclear whether they form a monophyletic or paraphyletic group.
When assumed to be a clade, they are usually grouped under the "wet-nosed" taxon Strepsirrhini, which would make them more closely related to the lemurs and less so to the "dry-nosed" Haplorhini taxon that includes monkeys and apes.
In 2009, Franzen and colleagues put the newly described genus Darwinius as a stem "missing link" between Strepsirrhini and Haplorhini.
Later work on the Darwinius fossil by Erik Seiffert and colleagues rejected this "missing link" idea.
They classify Darwinius and other adapiformes as Strepsirrhini.
The fossil record of the Adapiformes is quite considerable.
The fossils are first found in the earliest Eocene, 55 million years ago (mya).
They lived in four continents (North America, Africa, Europe and Asia).
The Eocene was a period when the Earth was much warmer than today, with very extensive tropical forests, far more so than today.
The widespread remains mean a much earlier origin, and molecular clock dates suggest that primates evolved more than 80–90 mya, nearly 40 million years before they appear in the fossil record.
Joan Carreras i Goicoechea (born in Barcelona, 1962) is a Catalan journalist, screenwriter, and writer.
He is a professor in the Faculty of Communication at Blanquerna.
He teaches digital journalism.
He worked for ten years at the broadcasting company Corporació Catalana de Mitjans Audiovisuals.
He was the director of Canal 33.
He was also the manager of the program Info-K. At television channel 324.cat he tried out new formats and digital narratives.
He has also worked for many newspapers, such as Avui, Diari de Barcelona and El Temps.
In 2014, he received the Premi Sant Jordi de novel·la for his novel L'àguila negra (The black eagle).
1990 — Les oques van descalces (Quaderns Crema)
1993 — La bassa del gripau (Quaderns Crema)
1998 — La gran nevada (Empúries)
2003 — Qui va matar el Floquet de Neu (Empúries)
2009 — L'home d'origami (Amsterdam)
2012 — Carretera secundària (Proa)
2013 — Cafè Barcelona (Proa)
2015 — L'àguila negra
2012 - Premis Literaris de Cadaqués - Carles Rahola de periodisme.
Postals de la nostàlgia des de Cadaqués
2014 - Premi Ciutat de Barcelona of Catalan literature for his book Cafè Barcelona
2014 - Premi Sant Jordi de novel·la by his book L'àguila negra
Emili Rosales i Castellà is a Catalan writer and editor.
He began in the field of poetry, but quickly changed to writing novels.
After publishing three books in four years, he dedicated five years to publish the fifth.
The effort was rewarded when La ciutat invisible won the Sant Jordi award.
The novel has been translated to Spanish.
Rosales has also worked as a translator.
He has been a literature professor.
Occasionally he publishes book reviews in the press.
He is the editorial director of Grup 62 (a publishing house) and Destino.
1989 — Ciutats i mar
1991 — Els dies i tu
1995 — La casa de la platja
1997 — Els amos del món
1999 — Mentre Barcelona dorm
2005 — La ciutat invisible
2004 — Sant Jordi for La ciutat invisible
John Sherwood de Lancie, Jr. (born March 20, 1948) is an American actor, director, producer, writer, educator, sailor, voice artist, and comedian, best known for his role of Q in Star Trek: The Next Generation ((1987–present)) and as the voice of Discord in My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic (2010–2019).
He is also known for his quite deep, resonant voice.
De Lancie performed in Days of Our Lives (1982–1986; 1989–1990) as Eugene Bradford.
De Lancie was featured in several roles on television series, including Frank Simmons in Stargate SG-1 (2001–2002) and Donald Margolis in Breaking Bad (2009–2010).
He is noted for his public support of bronies of the My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom.
De Lancie attended Kent State University and the Juilliard School.
He has appeared in several television series.
These include L.A. Law, Days of Our Lives, Star Trek: The Next Generation, The Practice, and Picket Fences.
He has also appeared in Stargate SG-1, Breaking Bad, and Torchwood: Miracle Day.
Sebastià Alzamora i Martín (born in Mallorca, 6 March 1972) is a writer and literary critic.
Alzamora studied from Balearic Islands University with a degree in Catalan philology.
He gained popularity after releasing a book of poetry called Rafel (1994).
Rafel won the Premi Salvador Espriu.
He is also the author of Apoteosi del Cercle (1997), Mula Morta (2001), and El Benestar (2003).
As a narrator, he has published L'extinció (1999), Sara i Jeremies (2002), La Pell i la Princesa (2005), Nit de L'ànima (2007), Miracle a Llucmajor (2010), and Dos Amics de Vint Anys (2013).
He wrote an essay about Gabriel Janer Manila called L'escriptura del Foc (1998).
He also helped create Imparables, Una antologia (2004), and published Dogmàtica Imparable (2005) with Héctor Bofill and Manuel Forcano.
Since December 2007, he has been director of the magazine Cultura.
1994: Premi Salvador Espriu for Rafel
1996: Premi Bartomeu Rosselló-Pòrcel of Premis 31 de desembre of Obra Cultural Balear.
1999: Premi Documenta de narrativa
2002: Premi Ciutat de Palma for Sara i Jeremies
2003: Premi Jocs Florals de Barcelona for El Benestar
2005: Premi Josep Pla de narrativa for La pell i la princesa
2008: Premi Carles Riba de poesia for La part visible
2011: Premi Sant Jordi, for Crim de sang
A field-programmable gate array (often shortened to FPGA) is an electronic component used to build reconfigurable digital circuits.
That means that an FPGA is different from a logic gate, because a logic gate has a fixed function.
In contrast an FPGA has an undefined function at the time of manufacture.
Before the FPGA can be used in a circuit it must be programmed, that is, reconfigured.
FPGAs are integrated circuits in the category of programmable logic devices or PLDs.
FPGAs are the highest performance, most flexible and also the most expensive of the PLD types.
A drawback of FPGAs compared to other PLDs is that they do not remember their design when the power is removed.
An FPGA therefore needs a separate configuration memory chip that holds the FPGA design.
When the power is given back to the FPGA a fixed part of the FPGA reads the configuration from the configuration memory chip.
After the FPGA is configured it will be able to do the function it was given by the design.
An FPGA is different from a microprocessor or microcontroller.
An FPGA in its basic form is not able to run software.
Only when the FPGA is given a configuration that contains a processor-architecture it has the ability to run software.
FPGA manufacturers provide engineering software for Windows and sometimes also Linux, to develop designs for FPGAs.
The design is commonly written in human readable computer files called a hardware description language (HDL).
The most popular hardware description languages are VHDL and Verilog.
Hardware description languages are strongly comparable to programming languages.
But the intention of HDLs is to design digital logic circuits while programming languages design software.
The FPGA engineering software has to translate the abstract HDL code into the logic elements available in the selected FPGA.
That is called logic synthesis.
Then a process of place and route is done to position the logic elements in the FPGA.
The result is a bitfile that can be programmed into the FPGA or the configuration memory.
This is usually done with a USB programmer connected to the JTAG port of the FPGA.
Because the FPGA is an integrated circuit, an FPGA manufacturer can decide to add other commonly used integrated circuit components.
These fixed parts are called cores.
These are for example Ethernet controllers or even a complete processor-architecture.
For different market segments such as defense, medical, communications and robotics the FPGA manufacturer tries to add the most valuable set of these additional cores.
FPGAs are generally built upon programmable logic elements and programmable interconnects.
One building block of logic elements is a programmable lookup table (LUT).
A LUT can be programmed to output any value given input values.
In this way, a LUT can be programmed to be any type of logic with the same number of inputs and outputs.
For example, a 2-input, 1-output LUT can be programmed to emulate the logic of a 2-input AND, OR, NAND, NOR, XOR, etc.
The output of this LUT can be either saved using a register or connected to the input of other LUTs.
Using a programmable mux, the FPGA can be programmed to choose the registered or non-registered output.
This combination of a LUT, a register, and a mux is the general structure of a logic element.
To connect these logic elements together, pass transistors are used.
The transistor can be programmed to either connect a signal or not, thereby giving the FPGA the ability to very specifically connect logic elements together.
For example, if the output of one logic elements will feed the input of another, the pass transistor can be programmed to connect these two wires together and match the specified logic.
Between the logic elements and the pass transistors, a compiler can take a hardware description from an HDL, create the logic for the logic elements, and connect them together using the pass transistors.
A logic block, sometimes called configurable logic block is a component of an FPGA.
Each logic block can be configured to hold a number of logic gates, which are interconnected.
Hayle is a small town and civil parish in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom.
It is at the mouth of Hayle River.
The river flows into St. Ives Bay.
Hayle is about  northeast of Penzance.
The following is a list of episodes of the A&E reality television series Duck Dynasty.
The series is set in West Monroe, Louisiana and stars Willie Robertson, CEO of Duck Commander, a duck call company, and his family and co-workers.
Duck Dynasty premiered on March 21, 2012.
Its first season, which wrapped on May 23, 2012, has a total of 15 episodes.
The second season premiered on October 10, 2012, and ended on December 5, 2012 with a total of 13 episodes.
The third season premiered on February 27, 2013 and ended on April 24, 2013, also with 13 episodes.
The fourth season started August 14, 2013, and concluded on October 23, 2013, with a total of 11 episodes including a Christmas special that aired on December 11, 2013.
As of , 90 episodes of Duck Dynasty have aired over eight seasons.
Season 3 (2013)
Season 4 (2013)
Season 5 (2014)
Season 7 (2014–15)
The Fourteenth Amendment (Amendment XIV) to the United States Constitution was adopted on July 9, 1868.
The amendment discusses citizenship rights and equal protection of the laws.
It was proposed in response to issues related to former slaves following the American Civil War.
This amendment was bitterly contested.
Southern states were forced to ratify it in order to regain representation in Congress.
The Fourteenth Amendment is one of the most litigated parts of the Constitution.
It forms the basis for landmark decisions such as Roe v. Wade (1972), and Bush v. Gore (2000).
It remains the most important Constitutional amendment since the Bill of Rights was passed in 1791.
At the end of the Civil War, Abraham Lincoln freed the slaves.
The problem was, he did not ask Congress.
Congress had not passed a law to free slaves.
Meanwhile, some states still had slavery.
The Thirteenth Amendment freed the slaves.
It became law in late 1865.
Three years later the Fourteenth Amendment provided civil rights.
Republicans controlled Congress during this period.
They wanted to give full citizenship to freed slaves.
But they also realized that giving civil rights to blacks, it opened the door for women's suffrage.
It would lead to giving women the right to vote, which Congress did not want to do.
If only section one was included in the amendment, the wording "all persons born or naturalized in the United States" would include women.
For this reason, the word "male" was inserted in section two so the amendment would be approved by Congress.
Section one - citizenship
The first section of the Fourteenth Amendment gave citizenship to “all persons born or naturalized in the United States”, and "subject to the jurisdiction thereof".
The second clause, commonly called the Privileges and Immunities Clause, states that "the citizens of each state shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of citizens in the several states."
This gave all Americans the protection of civil rights under the law.
It forbids states from denying citizens their life, their liberty or their property without due process.
States could not deny persons "equal protection of the laws."
It meant that for the first time all people would have the same protection no matter what their color.
The fact that states were mentioned makes them responsible for these protections the same as the federal government.
The Fourteenth Amendment is cited more often in law suits than any other amendment.
Section two - apportionment
The second section changed a part of the original Constitution which counted slaves as three-fifths of a person.
This was for the purpose of determining how many U.S. congressmen a state could have (apportionment).
The second section established that every citizen would be counted as one person.
Sections three, four and five
The third section was intended to be strict with members of the Confederacy who fought against the United States.
It required a two-thirds vote of Congress to allow leaders of the Confederacy to regain their citizenship or hold office.
To be allowed to hold a federal office, former confederates had to swear an oath to uphold the constitution.
Section four said the federal government would not repay Confederate debts.
Section five means what it says, Congress will enforce the provisions of the 14th amendment.
Reconstruction of the United States
Jim Crow Stories; The Fourteenth Amendment Ratified (1868)
Understanding the 14th Amendment
As a youth, he played for NK Omladinac Vranjic and Adriatic Split.
He went to F.C. Red Bull Salzburg in 2013.
He was also player of FC Liefering, the second team of Red Bull Salzburg.
His debut for Liefering was on 2 August 2013  in a 4-1 home win against ESV Parndorf For the first team he made his debut on 11 November 2014, in a 2-0 victory against Admira Wacker Mödling.
He played for Croatias U17, U18, U19 and U21 team.
Roguljic is captain of the U19 team.
Borderlands 2 is a first-person shooter video game that was developed by Gearbox Software and published by 2K Games.
It is the sequel to the 2009 video game Borderlands.
The game follows the story of Vault Hunters on the planet Pandora, as one of four classes: Salvador The Gunzerker, Zer0 The Assassin, Maya The Siren or Axton The Commando.
Downloadable content was also released for the game, later being included in a Game of the Year edition.
A version for the PlayStation 4 and Xbox One was released with Borderlands: The Handsome Collection.
As of March 25, 2015, the game has sold 12 million copies.
A prequel game, called Borderlands: The Pre-Sequel was released on October 14, 2014.
This takes place before Borderlands 2 and Borderlands.
A true sequel for the game, Borderlands 3, was released in 2019.
Ramon Solsona i Sancho (Barcelona, February 7, 1950) is a Catalan writer and journalist.
He has a degree in Romance Philology from the University of Barcelona.
He is also a high school teacher.
Is known for his ironic style.
He is a regular contributor to newspapers such as El Punt and La Vanguardia.
He currently contributes to the radio program El Matí de Catalunya Ràdio.
He also contributes to Catalunya Ràdio and RAC 1.
He has also been a poet (satirist) under the pseudonym Lo Gaiter del Besòs.
His novel Les hores detingudes won three literary awards in the same year.
His work has been translated into Spanish and French.
For television, he has worked as a writer for the series Agència de viatges, Estació d'enllaç and El cor de la ciutat.
These were broadcast by TV3.
He was co-author of the theme song of Futbol Club Barcelona (1998).
In 2010 he received the premi Sant Jordi de novel·la for his book L'home de la maleta.
1991: Llibreta de vacances
2006: Cementiri de butxaca
1989: Figures de calidoscopi
1993: Les hores detingudes
1998: DG
1999: No tornarem mai més
2001: El cor de la ciutat
2004: Línia blava
2011: L'home de la maleta
1989: Sac de gemecs
1995: Ull de bou
1995 Ull de vaca
2005: A paraules em convides
Ramon Solsona at the website of Associació d'Escriptors en Llengua Catalana (AELC).
Xavier Bosch i Sancho (born July 21, 1967 in Barcelona) is a Catalan writer and journalist.
Bosch and Antoni Bassas created the program Alguna pregunta més?
at Catalunya Ràdio.
He received an Ondas award for that program.
He worked at La Vanguardia, TV3 and RAC 1 in sports.
He was the director of the newspaper  Avui from 2007 to 2008.
In 2010, he founded a newspaper in Catalan, Diari Ara.
He wrote a trilogy whose first book (Se sabrà tot) received a Sant Jordi Award in 2009.
His second and third novels were Homes d'honor (2012) and Eufòria.
His last novel, Algú com tu (Someone like you, 2015), is winner of the Ramon Llull 2015 award.