the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
Tidal locking is an aspect of orbital resonance.
List of known tidally locked bodies
Charon (Pluto is itself locked to Charon)
Extra-solar
Tau Boötis is known to be locked to the close-orbiting giant planet Tau Boötis b.
Libration is an oscillating motion of orbiting bodies relative to each other.
Examples include the motion of the Moon relative to Earth, or of Trojan asteroids relative to planets.
The Moon generally has one hemisphere facing the Earth, due to tidal locking.
Therefore, our first view of the far side of the Moon resulted from lunar exploration in the 1960s.
However, this simple picture is only approximately true: over time, slightly more than half (about 59%) of the Moon's surface is seen from Earth due to libration.
Libration is a slow rocking back and forth of the Moon as viewed from Earth, permitting an observer to see slightly different halves  of the surface at different times.
The nebula is part of the much larger Orion complex.
The nebula is located just to the south of the star Alnitak.
Alniak is the farthest east on Orion's Belt.
The nebula was first recorded in 1888 by Scottish astronomer Williamina Fleming.
It was recorded on photographic plate B2312 taken at the Harvard College Observatory.
The Horsehead Nebula is about 1500 light years from Earth.
It is one of the most known nebulae because of its shape when seen from Earth.
Composition of the nebula
The dark cloud of dust and gas is a region in the Orion nebula where star formation is taking place.
The nebula contains over 100 known organic and inorganic gases.
It also consists of large and complex organic molecules.
The red or pinkish glow comes from hydrogen gas behind the nebula.
Magnetic fields channel the gases leaving the nebula into streams that show as streaks in the background glow.
A glowing strip of hydrogen gas marks the edge of the massive cloud.
Thee densities of stars are different on either side.
The darkness of the Horsehead is caused by thick dust blocking the light of stars behind it.
Bright spots in the Horsehead Nebula's base are young stars just in the process of forming.
The Horsehead Nebula @ The Electronic Sky
The discovery of early photographs of the Horsehead nebula, by Waldee and Hazen
The Horsehead Nebula in the 19th Century, by Waldee
Horsehead Nebula at ESA/Hubble
The Horsehead Nebula at the Astro-Photography site of Mr. T. Yoshida.
The Horsehead Nebula at Constellation Guide
She was the wife of Louis Armand de Bourbon.
She was the Princess of Conti by marriage.
It was Louise Élisabeth who presented Madame de Pompadour to the court of Louis XV; she also built the Hôtel de Brienne, present seat of the French Ministry of Defence.
Louise Élisabeth was the Duchess of Étampes in her own right, having succeeded to the title at the death of her aunt Marie Anne de Bourbon.
Louise Élisabeth was born on 22 November 1693, at the Palace of Versailles.
She was a princesse du sang.
In youth, she was known at court as Mademoiselle de Charolais, a style later borne by her younger sister.
Her parents' second daughter, and third child, she was one of nine children:
Marie Éléonore Gabrielle (22 December 1690 – 30 August 1760)
Louis Henri (18 August 1692 – 27 January 1740)
Louise Anne (23 June 1695 – 8 April 1758)
Marie Anne  (16 October 1697 – 11 August 1741)
Charles, Count of Charolais (19 June 1700 – 23 July 1760)
Henriette Louise de Bourbon (15 January 1703 – 19 September 1772)
Élisabeth Alexandrine (15 September 1705 – 15 April 1765)
Louis, Count of Clermont (15 June 1709 – 16 June 1771)
The first years of her marriage were full of court cases at the Parlement de Paris against her husband due to his violent temper and her desire to leave him.
Louis de Bourbon, Count of La Marche (28 March 1715 - 1 August 1717) died young.
Louis François de Bourbon, Prince of Conti (13 August 1717 - 2 August 1776) married Louise Diane d'Orléans and had issue.
Louis Armand de Bourbon, Duke of Mercœur (19 August 1720 - 13 May 1722) died young.
Charles de Bourbon, Count of Alais (5 February 1722- 7 August 1730) died young.
Louise Henriette de Bourbon (20 June 1726 –9 February 1759) married Louis Philippe d'Orléans of and had issue.
22 November 1693 – 9 July 1713 Her Serene Highness  Mademoiselle de Condé
9 July 1713 – 4 May 1727 Her Serene Highness the Princess of Conti
4 May 1727 – 27 May 1775 Her Serene Highness the Dowager Princess of Conti (Madame la princesse de Conti Douairière or Madame la Princesse de Conti troisième/dernière douairière)
1693 births
Lufkin is located at  (31.336874, -94.730374).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which  is land and , or 0.83%, is water.
On average, the warmest month is August.
The highest recorded temperature was 110 °F in 1909.
On average, the coolest month is January.
The lowest recorded temperature was -2 °F in 1930.
The maximum average precipitation occurs in May.
Payne was born in Wendover, England.
In 1919, she won a scholarship to Newnham College, Cambridge University.
She studied  botany, physics, and chemistry.
She was not given a degree because women were not given degrees by Cambridge until 1948.
In 1923 she moved to the United States.
She became an American citizen in 1931.
In 1933, she met Russian-born astrophysicist Sergei I. Gaposchkin in Germany.
She married him in 1934.
Samira Denise Wiley (born April 15, 1987) is an American actress.
She is an African American who was born in Washington, D.C.. She studied drama at the Juilliard School in New York.
She plays Poussey Washington in the Netflix series Orange Is the New Black.
In between seasons of Orange Is the New Black, Wiley filmed Rob the Mob.
Carter Godwin Woodson (December 19, 1875 – April 3, 1950) was an African-American historian.
Woodson was one of the first scholars to study African-American history.
He started the Journal of Negro History.
Woodson was born to James and Eliza Riddle Woodson in Buckingham County, Virginia.
He was a famous African-American historian, journalist, author, and founder of the Association for the Study of African American Life and History.
Rodney James Alcala (born Rodrigo Jacques Alcala Buquor; August 23, 1943 – July 24, 2021) was an American rapist and serial killer.
When he was 17, Alcala joined the army.
In 1964, he was discharged and was diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder.
In 1968, he gained a bachelor's degree from UCLA.
He committed five murders in California from 1977 to 1979.
He was sentenced to death in 2010.
He was given an extra sentence of 25 years to life after he pled guilty to two homicides in New York which took place in 1971 and 1977.
Alcala was sometimes called the "Dating Game Killer".
During the middle of his murder spree, he appeared on the show in 1978 and won.
Alcala died of natural causes on July 24, 2021 in Corcoran, California at the age of 77.
Crime Library: Extreme Serial Killer
WrestleMania XII was a professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event made by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF).
It was held on March 31, 1996 at the Arrowhead Pond in Anaheim, California.
It was the twelfth WrestleMania event held by the WWF.
Official WrestleMania XII website
1996 in California
WrestleMania XI was a professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event made by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF).
It was held on April 2, 1995 at the Hartford Civic Center in Hartford, Connecticut.
It was the eleventh WrestleMania event held by the WWF.
WrestleMania XI was met with mixed reviews and has been called both the worst WrestleMania of all time and the event that saved the WWF.
Official WrestleMania XI website
Małgorzata Braunek (30 January 1947 – 23 June 2014) was a Polish actress of movies and stage.
She won a Best Supporting Actress Award at the Polish Film Awards for her role in Tulipany (2004).
She also had roles in movies such as The Third Part of the Night (1971), The Devil (1972) and The Deluge (1974).
Braunek was born in Szamotuły.
She graduated from the Ludwik Solski Academy for the Dramatic Arts, Warsaw in 1969.
She was married to movie director Andrzej Żuławski.
They had a son actor and movie producer, Xawery Żuławski (1971).
She was a follower and teacher of Zen Buddhism.
Braunek died from cancer on 23 June 2014, aged 67.
She died in either Warsaw or Frankfurt, Germany.
Małgorzata Braunek at culture.pl
Peter Greste (born 1 December 1965) is a Latvian-Australian journalist.
He is best known for his work as a foreign correspondent.
From 1991 to 1995, he was based in the United Kingdom, Bosnia and South Africa.
During this time, he worked for Reuters, CNN, WTN and the BBC.
He eventually worked for Al Jazeera.
In May 2012, he won a Peabody Award for his work on the documentary Somalia: Land of Anarchy.
Greste was born in Sydney, New South Wales.
Greste's ethnicity is Latvian.
He is a dual citizen of Australia and Latvia.
On 29 December 2013, he and other Al Jazeera journalists were arrested in Cairo, Egypt by authorities on terrorism charges relating to the Muslim Brotherhood.
On 23 June 2014, Greste was found guilty by the court, and sentenced to seven years jail.
United States Secretary of State John Kerry and Australian officials were quick to show support for the jailed journalists.
On 2 February 2015, Greste was released from prison and made to leave Egypt.
This was ordered by the President of Egypt, Abdel Fattah al-Sisi, because of a new law which lets the government deport foreign prisoners.
The Orion complex (sometimes called the Orion  molecular cloud complex) is a huge star-forming area in the constellation of Orion.
It is a large group of bright nebulae, dark clouds, and young star clusters.
The cloud is between 1,500 and 1,600 light-years away and is hundreds of light-years across.
Several parts of the nebula can be seen through binoculars and small telescopes.
Some parts (such as the Orion nebula) are visible to the naked eye.
The nebula is important because of its sheer size.
It is also one of the most active regions of stellar formation that can be seen in the night sky.
In it are protoplanetary discs and many very young stars.
The nebula is very bright in the infrared wavelengths due to the heat-intensive processes involved in star formation.
The complex contains dark nebulae, emission nebulae, reflection nebulae, and HII regions.
Nebulae in the complex
The Orion nebula, also known as M42
M43, which is part of the Orion Nebula
IC 434, which contains the Horsehead Nebula
Various Orion molecular clouds
Flame nebula (NGC 2024)
Also the Orion OB1 Association is part of this complex.
This is a group of several dozen hot giant stars of spectral types O and B. These are blue  and blue-white stars.
Orion Cloud Complex
SEDS website
Clickable table of Messier Objects
Orion images
Menemen is a district of İzmir Province in Turkey.
It is also the name of a town in that district.
Sara Kristina Widén (9 May 1981 – 13 June 2014) was a Swedish opera singer (soprano).
From 2013 until her death, she was starring in productions by the Royal Swedish Opera.
Widén was born in Halmstad, Halland County.
Her younger brother Jacob Widén (born 1983) is a member of the punk rock band Neverstore.
Hannover Hauptbahnhof (German for Hanover main station) is the main railway station of the German city of Hanover, Lower Saxony.
It is the most important transportation service in the city.
Each day, 250,000 people use the station.
It is served by local, regional and long-distance trains.
It has 12 tracks on 6 platforms.
Auferstanden aus Ruinen (German for Risen from Ruins) was the national anthem of East Germany.
In 1949, the Soviet occupation zone of Allied Occupied Germany became a country that was called East Germany.
For the anthem, the poet Johannes R. Becher wrote the lyrics.
The composer Hanns Eisler wrote the melody.
Mario Götze (born 3 June 1992 in Memmingen) is a German footballer.
He plays as a midfielder for PSV Eindhoven and the Germany national football team.
He was part of Germany's 2014 FIFA World Cup squad.
He is considered one of Germany's best talents.
He scored the winning goal of the 2014 FIFA World Cup final against Argentina.
Germany's goal tally first:
Bundesliga: 2010–11, 2011–12
DFB-Pokal: 2011–12, 2016–17
DFL-Supercup: 2019
Bundesliga: 2013–14, 2014–15, 2015–16
DFB-Pokal: 2013–14, 2015–16
UEFA Super Cup: 2013
FIFA Club World Cup: 2013
FIFA World Cup: 2014
UEFA European Under-17 Championship: 2009
UEFA European Under-17 Football Championship Golden Player: 2009
UEFA European Under-17 Football Championship Team of the tournament: 2009
Fritz Walter Medal: U17 Gold Medal 2009
Fritz Walter Medal: U18 Gold Medal 2010
Bundesliga Young Player of the Year: 2010–11
kicker Bundesliga Team of the Season: 2010–11, 2012–13
Tuttosport Golden Boy: 2011
Goal of the Month (Germany): July 2014
Goal of the Year (Germany): 2014
Silbernes Lorbeerblatt: 2014
Ron-Robert Zieler (born 12 February 1989 in Cologne) is a German association football goalkeeper that plays for VfB Stuttgart and the Germany national football team.
André Schürrle (born in Ludwigshafen, Germany on 6 November 1990) is a German association football forward that plays for Chelsea and the Germany national football team.
He began his career at 1.
FSV Mainz 05, then went to Bayer 04 Leverkusen.
His performances at that club got Chelsea interested in him, and in 2013 he was sold to Chelsea for £18 million.
Erik Durm (born 12 May 1992 in Pirmasens) is a German association football defender (football) that plays for Borussia Dortmund and the Germany national football team.
He made his first appearance for Germany in their draw against Cameroon on 1 June 2014.
fussballdaten.de
Christoph Kramer (born in Solingen, Germany on 19 February 1991) is a German football defender (football) who plays for Borussia Mönchengladbach and the Germany national football team.
He made his first appearance for Germany in their draw against Poland on 13 May 2014.
Sagittarius A (or Sgr A) is a complex radio source at the galactic centre of the Milky Way.
It is in the Sagittarius constellation, but hidden from view by large clouds of cosmic dust in the spiral arms of the Milky Way.
It consists of three components: the remains of a supernova  Sagittarius A East, the spiral structure Sagittarius A West, and a very bright compact radio source at the center of the spiral, Sagittarius A*.
These three overlap: Sagittarius A East is the largest, West appears off-center within East, and A* is at the centre of West.
Sagittarius A East
This feature is about 25 light-years wide.
It looks like a remnant from a supernova explosion that happened between 35,000 and 100,000 years ago.
However, it would take 50 to 100 times more energy than a standard supernova explosion to create a structure of this size and energy.
Sgr A East might be the remains of a star that exploded as it was gravitationally squashed approaching the central black hole.
Sagittarius A West
Sgr A West looks like a three-arm spiral from the point of view of the Earth.
Actually it is made of several dust and gas clouds, which orbit and fall onto Sagittarius A* at velocities as high as 1,000 kilometers per second.
The surface layer of these clouds is ionized.
The source of ionisation is the population of massive stars that also occupy the central parsec of the galaxy.
Over hundred such OB stars have been identified so far.
There is a supermassive black hole at the centre of the galaxy.
Sagittarius A* (abbreviated Sgr A*) is the most likely candidate for the position of this central black hole.
The Very Large Telescope and Keck Telescope detected stars orbiting Sgr A* at speeds greater than any other stars in the galaxy.
One star, S2, orbits Sgr A* at speeds of over 5,000 kilometers per second at its closest approach.
Rafael Caldera  — Official biography.
Rafael Caldera  — Biography from National Convergence webpage.
Speeches and Biography
Cai-Göran Alexander Stubb (born 1 April 1968 in Helsinki) is a Finnish politician.
He became Prime Minister of Finland on 24 June 2014.
He became the Leader of the National Coalition Party on 14 June 2014.
Alexander Stubb on Twitter
Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Minister for Foreign Affairs, Alexander Stubb
College of Europe website
MEPs for Finland
| bgcolour      =
| name          = Shashi Kapoor
| image         =ShashiKapoor.jpg
| caption       =
| birthname     = Balbir Raj Prithviraj Kapoor
| birth_place   = Calcutta, Bengal Presidency, British India(now Kolkata, West Bengal, India)
| death_date    =
| death_place    = Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| years_active  = 1941–1999 (retired)
| children      = Kunal KapoorKaran KapoorSanjana Kapoor
| height        = 1.83 m
| spouse        = Jennifer Kendal (1958–1984; her death)| occupation    = Actor, Director, Producer
| other_names   = Balbir  Shashi  Balbir Raj  Shasha (used by his brother, Shammi Kapoor)  Shashi Baba
| relatives     = Kapoor Family
Shashi Kapoor (Balbir Raj Prithviraj Kapoor; 18 March 1938 in Calcutta – 4 December 2017 in Mumbai) was an Indian movie actor and movie producer.
He was known for his roles in Junoon, Kabhie Kabhie, Deewaar, Siddhartha, and in Ajooba''.
Non Resident Indian magazine profile of Shashi Kapoor
Gotham (also Richland City) is an unincorporated census-designated place, in the town of Buena Vista, in Richland County, Wisconsin, United States.
It is located about an hour west of Madison, Wisconsin.
As of the 2010 census, its population was 191.
Samuel Insull (November 11, 1859 – July 16, 1938) was a British-born American  business magnate whose vast Midwest holding company empire collapsed in the 1930s.
He was an innovator and investor based in Chicago.
Insull was known for buying utilities and railroads using holding companies.
TIME magazine cover photo of Samuel Insull, November 29, 1926
TIME magazine cover photo of Samuel Insull, November 4, 1929
TIME magazine cover photo of Samuel Insull, May 14, 1934
PBS: Photo of Samuel Insull with Thomas Edison
Encyclopædia Britannica Concise: Photo of Samuel Insull
Meyer Harris "Mickey" Cohen (September 4, 1913 – July 29, 1976) was an American gangster who worked in Los Angeles.
He was part of the Jewish Mafia, and also had strong ties to the American Mafia from the 1930s through 1960s.
Benny's Shadow: All about Mickey Cohen  by Mark Gribben
Recollections of Mickey Cohen on the Los Angeles Times' Daily Mirror blog
Biography of Mickey Cohen - Biography.com
Time, April 15, 1957
Beyond 'Gangster Squad': The Real Mickey Cohen, by Tere Tereba
The iPhone 5C (sold with a lowercase 'c' as iPhone 5c) is a touchscreen-based smartphone that is made by Apple Inc. It comes after the iPhone 5, and was released along with the iPhone 5S. Apple introduced the iPhone 5C and the iPhone 5S at an event on September 10, 2013.
They were both released on September 20, 2013.
After the announcement of the iPhone 5C and 5S, the iPhone 5 was discontinued.
The iPhone 5C first came with iOS 7, the latest version of Apple's iOS mobile operating system at the time.
On June 2, 2014, it was announced that the iPhone 5C would get iOS 8 this fall.
iOS 8 was released on September 17, 2014.
The iPhone 5C has almost the same hardware as the iPhone 5.
A few differences are that it has a slightly bigger battery and it also comes in five different colors (blue, green, pink, yellow, and white).
It also uses a plastic shell on the outside instead of a metal casing that is used on the iPhone 5 and 5S.
The iPhone 5C is sold at a lower price than the iPhone 5S. The iPhone 4S is still being sold, but has been changed so that it costs less than the 5C. The iPhone 5S sells for $199 for the 16 GB model with a two-year contract in the United States.
It sells for $649 without a contract.
The 5C sells for $99 for the 16 GB model on a contract.
It sells for $549 without a contract.
The iPhone 4S is still being sold, but the price has been dropped.
It is free on a two-year contract or $449 without a contract.
Mobile phones released in 2013
Orange Studio (formerly Studio 37) is a company in Paris, France that creates movies.
It is a subsidiary of Orange S.A., and works on French and European long feature films and series.
Orange Studio was founded in 2007 as Studio 37.
In 2013, Studio 37 was renamed to Orange Studio.
Selective Filmography
2013 : Jappeloup by Christian Duguay
2015 : One wild moment by Jean-François Richet
2016 : The Dancer by Stéphanie Di Giusto
2017 : The Guardians by Xavier Beauvois
2018 : Little Tickles by Andréa Bescond and Eric Métayer
2019 : Battle of the classes by Michel Leclerc
2019 : La Belle Époque by Nicolas Bedos
2019 : A Hidden Life by Terrence Malick
2020 : Wasp Network by Olivier Assayas
2020 : How to be a good wife by Martin Provost
2021 : Labor Day by Julien Rambaldi
2021 :The Father by Florian Zeller
2019 : The Name of the Rose
2020 : Devils
2020 : Cheyenne & Lola
2021 : The Opera
Box-office
Films co-produced by Orange Studio which more than one million people in France watched.
Orange Studio on IMDb
Orange Studio website
Camilo Cienfuegos Gorriarán (; February 6, 1932 – October 28, 1959) was a Cuban revolutionary.
He was born in Lawton, Havana.
He was raised in an anarchist family that had left Spain before the Spanish Civil War.
Cienfuegos became a key figure of the Cuban Revolution, along with Fidel Castro, Che Guevara, Juan Almeida Bosque, and Raúl Castro.
On October 28, 1959, Cienfuegos's Cessna 310 ('FAR-53') disappeared over the ocean during a night flight from Camagüey to Havana.
He was declared dead on the same day when searches for the plane failed.
After the 1959 revolution, he was a famous figure in the Communist Party of Cuba.
At the time of his death in 2009, he was a Vice-President of the Cuban Council of State and was its third ranking member.
He received several decorations, and both national and international awards, including the title of "Hero of the Republic of Cuba" and the Order of Máximo Gómez.
Cuban politicians
A Computer crash is when a computer program stops running normally.
The program can be either an application or the computer's operating system.
The program may freeze (stop) or may show a crash report explaining what happened.
One, called the Blue Screen of Death has a blue screen and means whatever you were working on may have just 'died'.
Many crashes involving computers are often the result of machine instructions not running right.
Typical causes are if programs' counters are set to incorrect addresses or buffer overflows.
An application crash can happen if an operation (a set of instructions) is performed that is not allowed by the operation system.
If an application crashes, any work in progress may be lost.
For this reason it is very important to backup computer files every few minutes.
In some operating systems, when one application program crashes, other running programs may crash as a result.
Operation systems often crash due to hardware problems.
A device driver that is poorly written can cause an operating system to crash.
The solution may be to upgrade the driver.
"With Arms Wide Open" is a power ballad and is the third single off American rock band Creed's second studio album Human Clay.
The song was released on April 24, 2000.
The song won a Grammy Award for Best Rock Song at the 43rd Annual Grammy Awards in 2001.
It was also nominated for Best Rock Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group but lost to U2's "Beautiful Day".
"With Arms Wide Open" on YouTube
Ted Lindsay (born Robert Blake Theodore Lindsay; July 29, 1925 – March 4, 2019) was a Canadian professional ice hockey left winger.
Lindsay played a career total of 17 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL).
He played for the Detroit Red Wings and Chicago Black Hawks.
During his career, Lindsay was able to win the Stanley Cup four times and won the Art Ross Trophy once.
He was nicknamed "Terrible Ted" because of his involvement in the creation of the National Hockey League Players' Association (NHLPA) and due to this he was traded to Chicago.
He also served as the General Manager and Head coach of the Detroit Red Wings.
Lindsay was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1966.
His jersey number #7 was retired by the Red Wings on November 10, 1991.
In 1998, The Hockey News ranked Lindsay #21 on their list of 100 Greatest Hockey Players.
WWF One Night Only was a professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event made by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF).
It was held on September 20, 1997 at the NEC Arena in Birmingham, England.
WWF The Wrestling Classic was a professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event made by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF).
It was held on November 7, 1985 at the Rosemont Horizon in Rosemont, Illinois.
The main event of the PPV was the finals of a 16-man tournament and saw Junkyard Dog defeat Randy Savage.
1980s in Illinois
Sonderkommandos were special work groups made up of prisoners in the Nazi concentration camps during World War II.
(In German, "Sonderkommando" means "special unit".)
They worked in and around the gas chambers, which the Nazis used to murder many people.
What did the Sonderkommando do?
The Sonderkommandos did not kill anybody.
When the Nazi guards at the concentration camps killed people in their gas chambers, they made the Sonderkommandos do a few different jobs:
Take prisoners into the gas chambers
Take dead bodies out of the gas chambers after the Nazis had killed them
Take things the Nazis wanted from the dead bodies.
For example, they had to take out gold teeth and tooth fillings; cut off the women's hair; and take jewelry and eyeglasses
Bury or burn the dead bodies
Clean the gas chambers and get them ready for the next group of people the Nazis wanted to kill
Life as a Sonderkommando
Usually, the Nazi camp guards chose people for the Sonderkommando groups right after those people got to the concentration camps.
They almost always chose Jewish prisoners.
These people were told they would be killed if they did not agree.
They were not told what kind of work they would have to do.
Sometimes, the new Sonderkommando would find the bodies of their own families in the gas chambers.
They were not allowed to change jobs or refuse to work.
The only way they could stop working as Sonderkommando would be to kill themselves.
Sometimes the groups of Sonderkommandos were very big.
As the Nazis killed more and more people in the concentration camps, they wanted more Sonderkommandos.
By 1943, at Birkenau concentration camp (also called "Auschwitz II"), the groups of Sonderkommando included 400 prisoners.
But when many more Jews from Hungary were sent to the camp in 1944, the Nazis added 500 more Sonderkommando.
The Nazis needed the Sonderkommandos to stay strong enough to work.
Because of this, they were treated a little better than the other prisoners.
They were allowed to sleep in their own barracks.
They were also allowed to keep things like food, medicines, and cigarettes that had belonged to people who were killed in the gas chambers.
The Nazis allowed these things because they wanted to be able to kill people as quickly as possible in the gas chambers.
Without the Sonderkommando to help with the dead bodies, the Nazis would not be able to use the gas chambers as much.
Because they knew so much about how the Nazis were killing so many people, the Nazis thought of the Sonderkommando as Geheimnisträger — people who knew secrets.
Because of this, they were kept apart from other prisoners in the camps.
The Nazis also did not want anyone outside the camps to know what they were doing.
To make sure the Sonderkommando could never tell what they knew, the Nazis would regularly kill all of the Sonderkommando, usually about every 3 months.
Then they would choose a new group out of new prisoners just getting to the camps.
The new group's first job would be to burn the bodies of the old Sonderkommandos.
Sonderkommandos fight back
Some Sonderkommandos tried to revolt (fight back) against the Nazis.
For example, in 1944, Sonderkommandos at Auschwitz partly destroyed one of the crematoria used for burning bodies.
For months, young Jewish women had secretly been taking small amounts of gunpowder from a weapons factory in the Auschwitz camp.
They had been sneaking that gunpowder to men and women in the camp's resistance movement.
(The resistance movement was a group of prisoners at Auschwitz who decided to fight back against the Nazis, sometimes in secret ways.)
Using this gunpowder, the leaders of the Sonderkommando planned to blow up the gas chambers and crematoria, and start a rebellion against the camp's guards.
However, before this plan was ready, people in the camp's resistance movement found out that the Nazi guards were going to murder the Sonderkommando on 7 October 1944.
The resistance members warned the Sonderkommando, who attacked the guards with two machine guns, axes, knives and grenades.
They killed about 3 guards and hurt about 12 others.
A total of 451 Sonderkommandos were killed on this day.
Some died fighting the camp's guards.
Some did not, and were executed later that day by the Nazis.
There were also revolts in two other concentration camps, called Treblinka and Sobibór.
At Treblinka, on 2 August 1943, around 100 prisoners were able to escape from the camp.
At Sobibór, Sonderkommando in one part of the camp (Camp I) revolted on 14 October 1943.
The Sonderkommando in another part of the camp (Camp III) did not revolt, but were murdered the next day.
Other Sonderkommandos fought back secretly.
For example, at Auschwitz, in August 1944, members of the Sonderkommando were able to take pictures showing bodies being burned and people being sent to the gas chambers.
They snuck these pictures out of the camp as proof of what the Nazis were doing.
Fewer than twenty out of several thousand members of the Sonderkommando are known to have survived and were able to testify to what happened.
After World War II, at some camps, people found notes that members of the Sonderkommando had buried or hidden, hoping that someone would find the notes later and know what happened.
Between 1943 and 1944, some members of the Sonderkommando at Birkenau (Auschwitz II) were able to get pens and paper, and they wrote about the things they had seen at the camp.
They buried the things they wrote near the crematoria.
Their writings were found after the war ended.
For example, this note was found buried in the Auschwitz crematoria.
It was written by Zalman Gradowski, a Sonderkommando who was killed in the revolt on 7 October 1944:"Dear finder of these notes, I have one request of you ... that my days of Hell, that my hopeless tomorrow will find a purpose in the future.
I am transmitting [writing about] only a part of what happened in the Birkenau-Auschwitz Hell.
You will realize what reality looked like ... From all this you will have a picture of how our people perished [died]."
Ana María Matute Ausejo (26 July 1925 – 25 June 2014) was a Spanish writer and member of the Real Academia Española.
She is thought to have been one of the most famous writers since the Spanish Civil War.
She studied at the international school of Hilversum in the Netherlands.
She was a guest lecturer to the universities of Oklahoma, Indiana and Virginia.
Official Website promoting Spanish culture in English language
Ana Maria Matute recorded at the Library of Congress for the Hispanic Division’s audio literary archive on November 30, 1964
Ivan Stepanovych Plyushch (September 11, 1941 – June 25, 2014) was a Ukrainian politician.
He served as the Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada (parliament of Ukraine) three times.
OpenUA: Ivan Plyushch
is a fictional character from the Kingdom Hearts video game series.
Roxas is a "Nobody" that was created after Sora shortly lost his heart during Kingdom Hearts.
Roxas first appeared in Kingdom Hearts II and was revealed to be a member of Organization XIII.
The Organization needed Roxas because he could wield the Keyblade, a weapon which allows him to capture hearts.
Roxas is the main character of Kingdom Hearts 358/2 Days which was created to explain his back story in more detail than Kingdom Hearts II.
Roxas is voiced by American singer Jesse McCartney in the English versions and voiced by Kōki Uchiyama in the Japanese versions.
Since his introduction, Roxas has received a positive critical response from fans and video game publications.
In February 2010, Roxas was ranked #28 on a Famitsu poll featuring the most popular video game characters from Japan.
Roxas on Giant Bomb
The Hits is the second compilation album by Garth Brooks.
The album was released on December 13, 1994.
Madeleine Sherwood (November 13, 1922 – April 23, 2016) was a Canadian actress.
She was known for her roles as Reverend Mother Placido in The Flying Nun.
She also appeared in Cat on a Hot Tin Roof and Sweet Bird of Youth.
Sherwood was once blacklisted as a communist during the 1960s, even though she wasn't.
Bryn Mawr is a census-designated place in Pennsylvania, United States.
It is west of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Bryn Mawr College is in Bryn Mawr.
As of 2010, 4,382 people lived there.
It was founded in 1686.
Bryn Mawr means "big hill" in Welsh.
Census-designated places in Pennsylvania
"Cities of Love Franchise website"
Bahraini movies
Movies directed by Mira Nair
Movies directed by Joshua Marston
Movies directed by Shekhar Kapur
Movies directed by Yvan Attal
Movies directed by Fatih Akin
Agoglia joined the Ballet Estable at the Teatro Colón in Buenos Aires in 1942.
From 1949 to 1976 she was the company's prima ballerina.
Tribute to Esmeralda Agoglia
Natalie Tran (born 24 July 1986) is an Australian vlogger, actress, comedian and writer.
She is best known for her YouTube channel communitychannel.
Tran makes "videos that are a combination of monologue and sketches that focus on the humourous aspects of everyday life."
As of September 2018, her channel has over 1.8 million subscribers and over 500 million total video views.
She has a signature sign-off that is "Your Mum Rates Me."
She made her first movie role was as Helen in Goddess (2013).
Tran was born in Sydney, New South Wales.
Her parents are from Vietnam.
The first edition of Mister International India was held in 2006.
Sudhir Tewari was the winner of the first edition.
He represented India at Mister International 2006.
Representatives to Mister International India
India didn't participate in 2011.
Miss Heritage India
India has been participating in Miss Heritage pageant since its inception in 2013.
In 2013, Femina Miss India held the franchise for Miss Heritage.
Mister International India got the franchise in 2014.
Representatives to Miss Heritage
Avneet was among the top finalists at Indian Princess 2014 pageant.
Swati Kain, Miss Heritage India 2013 and 1st Runner Up Miss Heritage 2013 was sent by Femina Miss India.
Mister International India Official Facebook
Mister International - Pageantopolis
Lada is a brand of car from the AvtoVAZ company in Tolyatti, Samara Oblast, Russia.
The car was first sold as an export under the name Zhiguli in the domestic Soviet market after June 1966.
They are most popular in Russia and Europe.
Survivor Series (1990) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Federation (WWF).
It was held on November 22, 1990 at the Hartford Civic Center in Hartford, Connecticut.
It was the fourth Survivor Series event that was held by the WWF.
Official Survivor Series 1990 website
Survivor Series (1991) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Federation (WWF).
It was held on November 27, 1991 at the Joe Louis Arena in Detroit, Michigan.
It was the fifth Survivor Series event that was held by the WWF.
Official Survivor Series 1991 website
Gainbridge Fieldhouse, previously known as Conseco Fieldhouse and Bankers Life Fieldhouse, is a sports arena  located in  Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
It is the home of the Indiana Pacers of the National Basketball Association and the Indiana Fever of the Women's National Basketball Association.
The Fieldhouse also hosts college basketball games (including the annual Big Ten Conference tournaments), indoor concerts, and ice hockey.
The Fieldhouse is the home of the Indiana Ice hockey team.
The arena opened as Conseco Fieldhouse, named via a contract with the company then known as Conseco, a financial services company based in the Indianapolis suburb of Carmel.
In 2010, the company renamed itself CNO Financial Group, but temporarily kept the Conseco name on the building.
In December 2011, the company changed the arena name to Bankers Life Fieldhouse, after one of its subsidiaries.
CNO decided not to renew its naming sponsorship after it expired on June 30, 2019.
The "Bankers Life" name remained on the arena until September 27, 2021, when Indianapolis-based financial platform Gainbridge entered into a new naming contract.
Survivor Series (1992) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Federation (WWF).
It was held on November 25, 1992 at the Richfield Coliseum in Richfield Township, Ohio.
It was the sixth Survivor Series event that was held by the WWF.
Official Survivor Series 1992 website
Penelope Ying-Yen "Penny" Wong (born 5 November 1968) is an Australian lawyer and politician for the Labor Party.
She is the current Leader of the Opposition in the Senate, under Leader of the Opposition.
She has represented South Australia in the Senate since 2002.
Wong was born in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.
Her father is Malaysian Chinese of the Hakka people and her mother is Australian and of English ancestry.
When her parents separated when she was eight, she moved to Adelaide, South Australia with her mother and her four-year-old brother younger brother, Toby.
Toby killed himself in 2002.
Wong is a lesbian and also a Christian.
Her partner is public servant, Sophie Allouache.
They have two daughters, Alexandra (born 2011) and Hannah (born 2015).
Wayne Gino "Chief, The Enforcer" Odjick (born September 7, 1970) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey left winger.
Odjick played a career total of 12 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL).
He played for the Vancouver Canucks, New York Islanders, Philadelphia Flyers, and Montreal Canadiens.
Before playing in the NHL, Odjick played 2 seasons with the Laval Titan of the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League (QMJHL).
He was drafted 86th overall by the Vancouver Canucks in the 1990 NHL Entry Draft.
He played 8 years with the Canucks and played the role of an enforcer.
On March 23, 1998, Odjick was traded to the New York Islanders for Jason Strudwick.
He would play 3 years with the Islanders.
On February 15, 2000, he was traded to Philadelphia Flyers for Mikael Andersson and a 5th round pick in the 2000 NHL Entry Draft.
After two seasons with the Flyers, He was traded to the Montreal Canadiens for P. J. Stock and a 6th round pick in the 2001 NHL Entry Draft.
He was only able to play two seasons with the Canadiens and missed most of the 2002–03 NHL season because he suffered a concussion when a puck hit him in the back of the head during a pre-season practice.
He was also suspended by the Canadiens when he failed to report to the minors.
Odjick retired from playing professional ice hockey in 2002.
Odjick was born just outside of Maniwaki, Quebec on an Algonquin Native Reserve named Kitigan Zibi.
In 2003, he moved back to Vancouver and partnered with the Musqueam First Nation to manage the Musqueam Golf & Learning Academy.
On June 26, 2014, Odjick announced that he had been diagnosed with a rare terminal disease called AL amyloidosis.
"Don't Go Away" is the fourth single off English rock band Oasis' third studio album Be Here Now.
The song was released on 19 February 1998.
The song was released only as a single in Japan and it peaked at #48 on the Oricon chart.
The song was successful in the United States and peaked at #5 on the Billboard Hot Modern Rock Tracks chart in 1997.
"Don't Go Away" on YouTube
"Stop Crying Your Heart Out" is the second single off English rock band Oasis' fifth studio album Heathen Chemistry.
The song was released on 17 May 2002.
Jason Fox for NME said that "Stop Crying Your Heart Out" was the band's return to the "long lost humanism" of their 1996 single "Don't Look Back in Anger", because of Noel Gallagher's ability to lighten the mood of his audience when they are in need.
"Stop Crying Your Heart Out" on YouTube
Andrew Christian Wiggins (born February 23, 1995) is an Canadian professional basketball player.
He is a shooting guard-small forward for the Minnesota Timberwolves of the National Basketball Association (NBA).
When he was drafted, Wiggins became the second ever Canadian basketball player to be picked #1 overall in the NBA draft.
Wiggins played college basketball at the University of Kansas.
During his first year there, Wiggins was able to average 17.1 points per game (ppg), 5.9 rebounds per game (rpg), and made 34.1% of his three-pointers.
On January 13, 2014, in a game against Iowa State, Wiggins scored 17 points and gained 19 rebounds in a 77–70 victory.
He became only the second freshman in the last 15 years (along with Michael Kidd-Gilchrist) to earn those numbers in a win against a ranked opponent.
On June 26, 2014, Wiggins was picked 1st overall by the Cleveland Cavaliers in the 2014 NBA Draft.
On August 23, 2014, there was a three-team trade that was done by the Cavaliers, the Minnesota Timberwolves, and the Philadelphia 76ers.
The trade sent Wiggins and Anthony Bennett to the Timberwolves, along with Thaddeus Young, of the Sixers.
The Cavaliers received Kevin Love from Minnesota and the Sixers received Luc Richard Mbah a Moute and Alexey Shved from Minnesota as well as a 2015 first round draft pick from Cleveland.
Wiggins became only the second player since the ABA–NBA merger to have been drafted as the number one pick, only to be traded later without having played a single game for the team he was originally drafted by; Chris Webber was the first following the 1993 NBA draft.
The Moonlite BunnyRanch is a legal brothel in Nevada.
It is owned by Dennis Hof.
Donald Sterling was banned for life from the brothel.
Cast Away is a 2000 American adventure drama movie about a FedEx employee (Tom Hanks) surviving in an uninhabited island after the plane crashed in the Pacific Ocean.
It gained positive reviews from critics and holds a 90% rating on Rotten Tomatoes.
At the 73rd Academy Awards, Hanks was nominated for Best Actor in a Leading Role, but lost to Russell Crowe for Gladiator.
Tom Hanks as Chuck Noland
Helen Hunt as Kelly Frears
Nick Searcy as Stan
Jenifer Lewis as Becca Twig
Chris Noth as Jerry Lovett
Lari White as Bettina Peterson
Vince Martin as Albert "Al" Miller
Geoffrey Blake as Maynard Graham
Agnes is a small town in Victoria, Australia.
It is where the South Gippsland Highway and Barry Road meet.
The town is on the South Gippsland railway line.
Pennsylvania Route 274 (PA 274) is a state highway in Franklin and Perry Counties in Pennsylvania.
The western end of the highway is at Pennsylvania Route 75 in Fannett Township, Pennsylvania.
The eastern end is at US 11/US 15 in Duncannon.
Roads in Pennsylvania
Leslie François Saint Roc Manigat (August 16, 1930 - June 27, 2014) was a Haitian politician.
He was elected President of Haiti after a tightly controlled military held election in January 1988.
Important Dates in Haïti's History
René Garcia Préval  (; January 17, 1943 – March 3, 2017) was a Haitian politician and agronomist.
He was twice President of the Republic of Haiti.
He served from February 7, 1996 to February 7, 2001, and from May 14, 2006 to May 14, 2011.
He was also Prime Minister from February 1991 to October 11, 1991.
A 17 year old American girl goes to Paris on holiday.
She is kidnapped by an Albanian gang of sex traffickers.
Her father rescues her.
It was released on 27 February 2008 in France and on 30 January 2009 in the United States.
A sequel, Taken 2, was released on 3 October 2012.
Movies directed by Pierre Morel
The 2014 United Kingdom local elections were held on 22 May 2014.
It was on the same day as the European elections.
2,121 Labour Party Councillors were elected (up 324),
1,364 Conservatives (down 236),
427 Liberal Democrats (down 310),
163 UK Independence Party (up 161),
38 Greens (up 18),
53 Residents Association (up 14),
18 Tower Hamlets First (up 18),
2 Liberal Party (down 2),
1 British National Party (down 1),
1 Independent Community and Health Concern (down 2),
71 Independents (up 18) were elected.
2010s elections in the United Kingdom
Taken 2 is a 2012 English-language French action thriller movie.
It was directed by Olivier Megaton and produced by Luc Besson.
It is set in Istanbul.
It stars Liam Neeson, Maggie Grace, Famke Janssen, Leland Orser, Jon Gries, D.B. Sweeney, Luke Grimes, and Rade Šerbedžija.
It is the sequel to the 2008 movie Taken and was released on 3 October 2012.
Another sequel, Taken 3, was released in 2015.
Taken 2 at The Numbers
Taken 3 is a French action thriller movie.
It was directed by Olivier Megaton.
It was produced by Luc Besson.
It stars Liam Neeson, Maggie Grace, Forest Whitaker, and Famke Janssen.
It was released on 9 January 2015.
The ex-CIA agent Bryan Mills (Liam Neeson) has an ordeal behind that after his daughter was kidnapped by Albanian sex traffickers (Taken) and he had to rescue his family from the clutches of the vengeful Albanians (Taken 2), this time he even persecuted.
His wife is murdered by unknown people who manage to make it appear as the main suspect.
He manages his arrest to come before, but the wily Inspector Franck Dotzler (Forest Whitaker) attaches itself to his heels.
Mills must succeed to find the mastermind behind the murder before Dotzler tightens the noose around him and before his wife's killer may also jeopardize his daughter.
He is a hunter and hunted at the same time and all he can demonstrate are his exceptional ability and talent.
Taken 3 on Internet Movie Database
Raúl Ramírez (28 January 1927 – 22 June 2014) was a Mexican movie actor, director, and screenwriter.
He was known for his roles in Juan el enterrador (1981), De pulquero a millonario (1982) and La salvaje ardiente (1984).
He was born in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
Ramírez died in Mexico City, Mexico from a long-illness, aged 87.
He is survived by his wife, actress Marcela Daviland and his son, Raúl.
Hazel McCallion, née Journeaux, CM (born February 14, 1921) is a Canadian politician.
She served as the mayor of Mississauga, Ontario.
McCallion was first elected in November 1978, and was the longest serving mayor is the city's history.
She retired in 2014.
The Hazel McCallion Academic Learning Centre
Grant is a town in Marshall County, in the northeast of Alabama.
As of the 2010 census, the population of Grant was 896.
Albert is a town in the Central West region of New South Wales, Australia.
At the 2006 census, Albert had a population of 96.
The Central West is a region of New South Wales, Australia.
The region is west of the Blue Mountains, which are west of Sydney.
It has an area of 63,262 square kilometres (24,426 square miles).
Major towns and cities in the Central West include the cities of Bathurst and Orange; and the large towns of Cowra and Parkes.
Bathurst and Orange have campuses of Charles Sturt University, the only local provider of higher education for the region.
The Yukon River is a river in northwestern North America.
It starts in British Columbia, continues through the Yukon Territory, and ends in Alaska.
It empties into the Bering Sea.
It is the longest river in Alaska and the Yukon.
It was one of the main ways that people travelled during the 1896–1903 Klondike Gold Rush.
The Yukon Legislative Assembly is the legislative assembly for Yukon, Canada.
It has 19 elected members.
It is presided over by the Speaker of the Yukon Legislative Assembly.
There are five political parties in the territory.
Three parties are represented in the legislature.
The Yukon Liberal Party has a majority of the seats.
The assembly was created in 1977 by the Yukon Elections Act.
Members to the assembly were first elected in a general election in 1978.
The Legislative Assembly is the only legislature of Canada's territories that has political parties.
The legislature for the Northwest Territories and Nunavut follow a consensus government without political parties.
Provincial legislatures of Canada
Agloe, New York is a made-up town in New York.
It was created in the 1930s by the General Drafting Company to use in their maps as a copyright trap - a false fact that is created to see if someone copied from that source.
Agloe has an important role in the book Paper Towns by John Green.
The population of Agloe is 1 in the book Paper Towns.
The game was released on September 27, 2001 in Japan, October 3, 2002 in North America, and on November 8, 2002 in Europe.
The main objective of the game is to talk with NPCs to populate various towns.