the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
Most fish in Procatopodinae live in Africa (Fluviphylax and Pseudopoecilia live in South America).
Scientists say this means the ancestors of Poeciliidae fish the split between Africa and South America 100 million years ago, and that fish that went to South America evolved to bear live young after they got there.
Poeciliids came to North America through the Antilles.
They were able to do this because the Antilles and North America were connected 44 million years ago.
Poeciliids then moved to Central America by the Aves land bridge on the Caribbean Plate.
When South America connected to Central America three million years ago, some of the fish moved further south, but South American species did not move north into Central America.
The live-bearing species fish can be different from each other depending on how much the mother fish does for the developing larvae.
Many fish in the family Poeciliidae are lecithotrophic (the mother provisions the oocyte with all the resources it needs prior to fertilization, so the egg is independent of the mother), but others are matrotrophic ("mother feeding": the mother provides the majority of resources to the developing offspring after fertilization).
Lecithotrophy and matrotrophy are not always completely separate.
Most scientific studies use a matrotrophy index (MI) to say how matrotrophic an animal is.
This uses the dry mass of fully developed offspring (how much they weigh when they are not wet) divided by the dry mass of a fertilized egg.
Fish in the genus Poeciliopsis, for example, have many different adaptations.
Poeciliopsis monacha, P. lucida, and P. prolifica are part of the same group in that genus.
However, they have three different ways of helping baby fish: P. monacha is lecithotrophic because it does not give its babies any resources after fertilization.
The mother fish swims around with her eggs in a sac but that is all.
P. lucida shows a middle level of matrotrophy.
This means that the eggs's metabolism can change the mother's metabolism, so some food chemicals go back and forth.
P. prolifica is very matrotrophic.
The mother fish gives the eggs almost all of the food chemicals they need after fertilization.
This level of matrotrophy allows Poeciliopsis to carry several groups of eggs that were start at different times.
This is called superfetation.
Because the mother fish only has so much space in her body for developing embryos, viviparity reduces brood size.
Superfetation can compensate for this loss by keeping embryos at various stages and sizes during development.
P. elongata, P. turneri, and P. presidionis form an outgroup to the P. monacha, P.lucida, and P. prolifica group.
These three fish are very matrotrophic.
In 1947, C. L. Turner said the follicular cells of P. turneri were "pseudo-placenta, pseudo-chorion, and pseudo-allantois."
The greater degree of matrotrophy in a species is linked with a higher degree of placentation, including "a thicker maternal follicle, higher degree of vascularization, and greater number of villi in the placenta."
Scientists argue about why Poeciliid fish developed to give their young eggs food chemicals inside their bodies.
There are two groups of ideas, adaptive hypotheses and conflict hypotheses.
Adaptive ideas, including the locomotor hypothesis, Trexler-DeAngelis Model (reproductive allotment), and life-history facilitation, say that the fish's placenta evolved to help another advantage to evolve.
The conflict hypothesis says the placenta is a nonadaptive byproduct of genetic tug-of-war between the mother and the eggs.
Subfamilies and tribes
The family has the following subfamilies and tribes:
Subfamily Aplocheilichythinae Myers, 1928 (Banded lampeyes)
Genus Aplocheilichthys Bleeker, 1863
Subfamily Procatopodinae Fowler, 1916 (Lampeyes)
Tribe Fluviphylacini Roberts, 1970
Genus Fluviphylax Whitley, 1920
Tribe Procatopodini Fowler, 1916
Genus Laciris Huber, 1981
Genus Micropanchax Myers, 1924
Genus Lacustricola Myers, 1924
Genus Poropanchax Clausen, 1967
Genus Platypanchax Ahl, 1928
Genus Lamprichthys Regan 1911
Genus Pantanodon Myers, 1955
Genus Hypsopanchax Myers, 1924
Genus Procatopus Boulenger, 1904
Genus Plataplochilus Ahl, 1928
Genus Rhexipanchax Huber, 1999
Subfamily Poeciliinae Bonaparte, 1831 (Livebearers)
Tribe Alfarini Hubbs, 1924
Genus Alfaro Meek, 1912
Tribe Gambusini Gill, 1889
Genus Belonesox Kner, 1860
Genus Brachyrhaphis Regan, 1913
Genus Gambusia Poey, 1854
Genus Heterophallus Regan, 1914
Tribe Heterandriini Hubbs, 1924
Genus Heterandria Agassiz, 1853
Genus Neoheterandria Henn 1916
Genus Poeciliopsis Regan 1913
Genus Priapichthys Regan 1913
Genus Pseudopoecilia Regan 1913
Genus Xenophallus Hubbs, 1924
Tribe Poeciliini Bonaparte, 1831
Genus Limia Poey, 1854
Genus Micropoecilia Hubbs, 1926
Genus Pamphorichthys Regan, 1913
Genus Phallichthys Hubbs, 1924
Genus Poecilia Bloch & Schneider, 1801
Genus Xiphophorus Heckel, 1848
Tribe Cnesterodontini Hubbs, 1924
Genus Cnesterodon Garman, 1895
Genus Phalloceros Eigenmann, 1907
Genus Phalloptychus Eigenmann, 1907
Genus Phallotorynus Henn, 1916
Genus Tomeurus Eigenmann, 1909
Tribe Scolichthyini Rosen, 1967
Genus Scolichthys Rosen, 1967
Tribe Xenodexini Hubbs, 1950
Genus Xenodexia Hubbs, 1950
David Stewart (1378-1402) was a Scottish politician who made himself unpopular in the late 1390s, and was imprisoned in Falkland Palace in early 1402 and died that year under mysterious circumstances.
1378 births 1402 deaths
The Ferengi are a fictional group of space people on Star Trek.
They first appeared in Star Trek: The Next Generation in 1987.
They are also in Star Trek: Deep Space Nine and Star Trek: Enterprise.
The Ferengi are shorter than humans.
They have bald heads, large ears and small teeth.
They have noses with deep ridges in them.
Most Ferengi are played by short actors in heavy makeup.
Many male Ferengi characters wear colorful clothes and some have hats that cover the backs of their heads but not the tops of their heads.
The Ferengi have a very Capitalist culture.
Ferengi think greed is good.
In the Ferengi culture, men are supposed to gain wealth.
There is a saying: "A Ferengi without profit is no Ferengi at all."
Money, payment, and contracts are a big part of life.
For example, a guest in a house can be charged admission.
The Ferengi home planet is called Ferenginar.
The capital city has a Tower of Commerce that holds the leader's office.
The leader of the Ferengi is called the Grand Nagus.
The Ferengi call themselves "The Ferengi Alliance," not "Empire" or "Federation."
Ferengi culture is very male-dominated.
Women are not supposed to wear clothes or appear in public.
During the Deep Space Nine run, a Ferengi feminist named Ishka becomes the Grand Nagus's chief financial advisor.
She helps Ferengi women gain more rights.
In the Deep Space Nine episode "Little Green Men," three characters talk about the Ferengi afterlife.
It has reincarnation.
Ferengi believe that if they have lived well, they will bid on new lives, like in an auction.
If they have lived badly, they will go to the Vault of Eternal Destitution.
Ferengi characters on Star Trek often say the Rules of Acquisition.
They are similar to proverbs.
They are about how to get (acquire) wealth.
Some of the Rules are "War is good for business," "Peace is good for business," "Never have sex with the boss' sister," and "Greed is eternal."
There are 285 Rules of Acquisition.
The word "Ferengi" comes from the Persian word for "foreigner," usually a Westerner.
The Star Trek writers wanted a race of people they could use to tell stories about capitalism and 20th and 21st century Western culture.
The first idea for the Ferengi was that they would be the main enemy aliens in Star Trek: The Next Generation, but they were not scary enough.
After that, the writers used the Ferengi for comic relief, to tell the funny parts of their stories.
Some critics have said the Ferengi are too much like stereotypes of Jews.
There are five very important Ferengi characters in Star Trek, and all of them appear in Deep Space Nine:
Quark runs a bar on the Deep Space Nine space station.
Actor Armin Shimerman played Quark.
Rom is Quark's brother.
He is not good at getting wealth, so other Ferengi think he is a failure.
Actor Max Grodénchik played Rom.
Nog is Rom's son.
He decides to join Starfleet because he knows he is not good at business.
Actor Aron Eisenberg played Nog.
Grand Nagus Zek was played by Wallace Shawn.
Ishka is Quark and Rom's mother.
She was played by more than one actor during the show.
Liquidator Brunt, an agent of the Ferengi Alliance government who hates Quark.
Gala, Quark and Rom's cousin who sells weapons.
This is a list of feature length movies of the Tom and Jerry franchise.
an comedy movie franchise based on the short series of the same name, all of the movies were produced for 1-16 to upcoming related.
started in 1992, and various movies involving with Tom Cat and Jerry Mouse to various crazy adventurous motifs of the surrounded evil antagonists.
Tom and Jerry: Blast Off to Mars
Tom and Jerry: The Fast and the Furry
Tom and Jerry: Shiver Me Whiskers
In this movie, Tom and Jerry work together with Sherlock Holmes to stop Professor Moriarty from stealing the Crown Jewels during a Solar Eclipse.
Billy West and Joe Alaskey (Archive audio; Uncredited) - Tom Cat and Jerry Mouse
Michael York as Sherlock Holmes
Malcolm McDowell as Professor Moriarty
John Rhys-Davies as Dr. Watson
Grey DeLisle as Red
Kath Soucie as Tuffy
Jeff Bergman as Butch and Droopy
Phil LaMarr as Spike and Policeman
Greg Ellis as Tin and Sergeant
Jess Harnell as Pan and Brett Jeremy
Richard McGonagle as Alley and First Policeman
Tom Kenny as various characters
Tom and Jerry and The Wizard of Oz
Tom and Jerry: Robin Hood and His Merry Mouse
Tom and Jerry's Giant Adventure
Tom and Jerry: The Lost Dragon
Grey Griffin as Dorothy Gale
Jason Alexander as Nome King (Mr. Bibb)
Amy Pemberton as Dorothy's singing voice and The Mouse Queen
Joe Alaskey as The Wizard of Oz, Butch, Droopy
Michael Gough as Scarecrow (Hunk)
Rob Paulsen as Tin Man (Hickory)
Todd Stashwick as Cowardly Lion (Zeke)
Frances Conroy as Aunt Em and Glinda
Laraine Newman as The Wicked Witch of the West.
Appeared in the stock footage.
Stephen Root as Uncle Henry
Kath Soucie as Tuffy the Munchkin Mouse, Tractor
Andrea Martin as Hungry Tiger
James Monroe Iglehart as Jitterbug (Calvin Carney)
Spike Brandt as Tom Cat, Jerry Mouse (uncredited), Spike
Renee Schonfeld of Common Sense Media rated it 3 out of 5 stars, saying "By blending solid new musical numbers with the old Oz favorites and including inventive new characters, Spike Brandt, Tony Cerone, and company have made this sequel funny and original."
Tom and Jerry: Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory
is an upcoming 2022 animated direct-to-video movie starring Tom and Jerry, produced by Warner Bros. Animation.
Aubigny-au-Bac () is a commune in Nord in north France.
In 2018, 1,172 people lived there.
Aubry-du-Hainaut () is a commune in Nord in north France.
In 2018, 1,706 people lived there.
Auby () is a commune in Nord in north France.
In 2018, 7,256 people lived there.
Auchy-lez-Orchies () is a commune in Nord in north France.
In 2018, 1,509 people lived there.
Audignies () is a commune in Nord in north France.
Amy Chu is a Chinese American comic writer.
She started comic writing at 45 after a surprising career path.
The comic industry was mostly men when Amy started.
But, she has shown that women can be successful in comics too.
Amy has worked for DC and Marvel.
She is a role model in many ways.
Early Life/Personal Life
Amy Chu was born in Iowa.
She is Chinese American.
She was one of the only Asian kids in town.
Because of this, she didn’t feel like she belonged.
She was never interested in comics.
Her dream growing up was to be a physicist.
In interviews, she says she was very nerdy.
Amy was on the chess team and the math team.
She wanted to play on the soccer team, too.
However, Amy’s school did not have a team for girls.
They also would not let her play on the boys’ team.
So, her parents sued and won.
But even though she was finally on the soccer team, other teams would not play with her.
Amy lives in Princeton, New Jersey now.
She is a mother of two children.
She likes to shop, play video games, and have fun with Legos.
She also enjoys drinking coffee and whiskey.
Amy was part of a joint program with MIT and Wellesley.
She was one of the only women doing it.
She got a degree in Architecture.
She also got a degree in East Asian Studies.
Later on in her life, Amy went to Harvard Business School.
Years later, she took a course in creative/comic writing.
Amy did graphic design jobs in college.
Later, she took on consulting jobs.
She even had a job in Hong Kong.
In Hong Kong she worked at the Macau tourism office.
Pansy Ho was her boss.
Amy went back to America to go to business school.
She then was a real consultant.
She worked for biotech companies.
Amy reunited with Georgia Lee.
Georgia was an old friend of Amy.
She also graduated from Harvard.
Georgia made films.
She also wrote scripts for television.
Georgia asked for Amy’s help.
She wanted to start a company.
Georgia wanted to encourage girls to be interested in comics.
Comics are often just for boys.
The company would change that.
Amy agreed.
They co-founded Alpha Girls Comics together.
Amy decided to take a class in comic writing.
She was the only female taking the class.
It did not feel like she was welcome.
But, people loved the stories she wrote.
Soon Amy became a professional comic book writer.
She went on to work for big name companies like DC and Marvel.
Living person
Maude Elizabeth Seymour Abbott (1868) was a pediatrician and cardiologist.
She wrote the Atlas of Congenital Heart Disease.
She studied and documented the hearts from cyanotic patients.
She was one of the first women to get a Bachelor of Arts at McGill University.
Maude Abbott was born in St. Andrews East, Quebec.
She was abandoned by her father at a young age.
Her mother died from tuberculosis when she was young.
Maude Abbott and her sister, Alice, were adopted by her 62 year old grandmother.
Maude Abbott got a Bachelor of Arts at McGill University.
She went to Bishop’s College for medical school because McGill rejected her for her sex.
After she graduated college, she went to London and Vienna for two years to study.
Tini "Whetu" Marama Tirikatene-Sullivan was a New Zealand politician.
Whetu Titikatene-Sullivan
Whetu Titikatene-Sullivan was the longest serving MP for New Zealand.
She won the Fellow of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland.
Whetu was one of the finest fencers in New Zealand.
Whetu was one of few women to give an oration at Ratana Pa.
Whetu’s father was a former Member of Parliament.
She had a husband named Denis Sullivan who was a nuclear physicist.
They both had three children named May-Ana (born in 1970), Lisa Marie (born in 1972), and Tirikatene (1974).
Whetu’s second child, Lisa Marie, died three months after she was born.
Whetu had English and Ngati ancestry.
When Whetu was young, she was cared for by her grandmother.
Whetu gave birth while holding her position in office and believed strongly in combining her career with good parenting.
Whetu started her education at Rangiora High School.
She was considered a leader in Rangiora High School.
She attended Wellington East Girls College.
Whetu got her BA and a diploma at Victoria University in Wellington.
She completed her thesis but was did not present it.
Whetu got a Ph.D. in political science.
Whetu was a dancing champion in New Zealand.
She also was a legendary female fencer in the 1960s.
Whetu was a titleholder for Ballroom dancing and American dancing.
Whetu owned a boutique.
Her boutique sold traditional Maori clothes and Polynesian inspired clothing.
She was a role model for young people into fashion.
When Whetu was 20, she was told that she had tuberculosis.
The doctors thought that it was caused by exposure to too many people, a busy schedule, and stress.
Whetu advocated for other patients while she was in the hospital.
Aulnoye-Aymeries () is a commune in Nord in north France.
In 2018, 8,767 people lived there.
Aulnoy-lez-Valenciennes () is a commune in Nord in north France.
In 2018, 7,280 people lived there.
Avelin () is a commune in Nord in north France.
In 2018, 2,666 people lived there.
Janaki Ammal was the first Indian female botanist.
She was the first to receive her masters in science.
She was the first-known woman to get a Ph.D. in Botany in the United States.
She was the first to recieve the Padma Shri award.
Ammal was also known as the sugar cane queen.
She worked on developing sweeter sugar cane varieties.
Janaki Ammal was born in 1897.
She was born in a state called Kerala in India.
She was the tenth person in her family.
She had 19 brothers and 19 sisters.
Her father was a judge.
He also took care of the garden.
This sparked Ammal’s love for botany.
Ammal taught for three years at a Women’s Christian College.
Then she was invited to the University of Michigan.
She joined the botany division.
She was an immigrant.
She was held at Ellis Island.
She earned her masters in science.
6 years later she received her doctorate.
Ammal was the first woman to ever receive her doctorate degree in botany in the US.
Ammal worked at the Sugar Cane Breeding Institute.
Ammal helped the institute to create and support sweeter sugar cane.
This was significant because they no longer had to rely on imports from other countries.
Ammal moved to Norfolk, England.
She worked at the John Innes Institute.
She and C.D. Darlington co-authored Chromosome Atlas of Cultivated Plants.
Ammal was recommended to work at the Royal Horticulture Society.
She became a paid cytologist.
She worked on a medication that doubles a plant’s chromosomes.
This makes the plant grow quicker and larger.
One shrub was named after her.
The shrub was called Mongolia Kobus Janaki Ammal.
Return to India
Ammal returned to India.
She did so at the request of the prime minister.
She worked on improving India’s agriculture and preserving indigenous plants.
Late Career
She focused on helping Save Silent Valley.
Ammal’s efforts were successful.
The forest was no longer going to be flooded.
Ammal died months earlier.
Helen Rodríguez Trías was a Puerto Rican pediatrician and women's rights activist.
She was the first Latina president of the American Public Health Association.
In 2001 she was awarded the Presidential Citizen’s Medal.
She was born in Puerto Rico.
She moved to New York at age ten.
At school she was treated poorly because of her race.
Helen liked science and people.
She studied medicine in Puerto Rico.
Helen became a mother.
She graduated when she was thirty one years old.
Helen opened a place to take newborn babies if they are ill.
This led to the newborn death rate in Puerto Rico decreasing by fifty percent.
She moved back to New York.
Helen worked for organizations and movements.
She specialized in pediatrics.
She saw a mother pass away from an abortion.
Helen began fighting for abortion and sterilization rights.
Helen Rodríguez Trías has saved many people, from newborns to women.
She will be remembered because of all of her hard work.
Sherri L. Smith is an American novelist with many awards.
She is also a comic book illustrator.
She worked on stop motion animation in films.
Smith was born in Chicago.
She spent most of her life in Staten Island after her parents got divorced.
She moved from coast to coast.
In New York she attended NYU to get a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Film.
She also went to San Francisco State University to study Business Administration.
She finally graduated from California State University with an M.A. in Creative Writing.
Smith worked on stop motion animation.
She worked on Tim Burton’s ‘Mars Attacks!’
She had a three year contract with Disney.
Smith she moved to Los Angeles.
She began to work in a construction company, constructing monsters, aliens, and dead people for movies.
In Los Angeles, Smith started to work more on her comics.
She got a job at Bongo Comics.
Then, she started to pursue her dream of writing a novel.
She is known for writing novels about teenage misfits.
Her writing is intricate.
Smith has written many novels, including Lucy the Giant, Flygirl, Orleans, The Blossom and the Firefly, Pasadena, Sparrow, and Hot, Sour, Salty, Sweet.
Smith's novels have won a variety of awards.
Flygirl was considered by the Washington Post as the best book of 2012.
New York Public Library Book for the Teen Age, YALSA Best Book for Young Adults, American Library Association, and many other organizations have given Smith awards for her books.
The Toymaker’s Apprentice
Who Were the Tuskegee Airmen?
The Blossom and the Firefly
Avesnelles () is a commune in Nord in north France.
In 2018, 2,433 people lived there.
Taylor K. Shaw is the founder and CEO of Black Women Animate.
She was recognized as one of Forbes magazine's "30 Under 30."
She had a dream to make an animation company that had more female black animators.
She noticed a lack of black women in the animation industry.
It took her months of hiring to find animators.
Then she made Black Women Animate.
Black Women Animate
Black Women Animate is an animation company.
Their animators are black women.
It is a place where black women can have more opportunities in the animation industry.
It was founded by Taylor Shaw in 2017.
The company makes original content.
It also collaborates with other big animation studios like Disney.
They have also gotten an award.
They have an animation boot camp.
BWA will most likely extend their boot camp.
They will also hire more black women and continue animating.
Not many people would hire black animators.
This company helped a lot of struggling animators.
Anette E. "Peko" Hosoi is an American engineer.
Hosoi is a sports engineer.
She was one of the first female faculty at Harvey Mudd College.
She moved to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
She is the Associate Dean of Engineering.
Hosoi received her Bachelor's degree at Princeton.
She also received her Master's degree and PhD at the University of Chicago.
Hosoi has so many passions to pursue.
Her research contributions contain fluid dynamics, biomechanics and bio-inspired design.
She is an expert in “soft robotics.”
Her work is used by physicists, biologists, roboticists.
She has many passions in sports, engineering and mathematics.
Anette Hosoi joined Harvey Mudd College in 2001.
She was one of the first female employees.
Hosoi was a role model to many females.
Later on, Harvey Mudd became much more open to women.
In 2002 Hosoi joined the Mechanical Engineering program at MIT as an assistant professor as well as a mathematics professor.
Hosoi pursued her passion for engineering by becoming a professor of mechanical engineering as well as the associate dean of MITs school of Engineering.
She displayed her love for engineering while biking.
She is always ready to jump into fixing problems.
Hosoi enjoyed sports and athletics.
She is an intense mountain biker.
From fixing her bike in the middle of mountain biking to inventing solutions to problems during the Olympics, Hosoi can do the impossible.
Hosoi has always found mathematics to be extraordinary.
She started out as one of the first women professors of mathematics at Harvey Mudd College and eventually became a mathematics professor at MIT.
Sports Lab
Hosoi founded the MIT Sports Lab which solves the physics behind worldwide athletic accomplishments.
Here they apply engineering and mathematics to solve problems in the sports domain as well as using engineering to help elevate sports performances.
Awards & Accomplishments
Hosoi is the professor and associate department head for operations in MITs Department of Mechanical Engineering.
She has also received awards like the Ruth and Joel Spira Award for Distinguished Teaching, the Bose Award for Excellence in Teachings and the Jacob P. Den Hartog Distinguished Educator Award.
Women Leadership
As one of the first female recruits at Harvey Mudd, Hosoi added value as a female role model in which others could look up to.
Many more female students approached her office as a safe space that they belong in.
This shows the necessity of female teachers, role models and female leadership.
Rebecca Hui is an American activist and the CEO of Roots Studio.
Hui fights against cultural appropriation in fashion, or when fashion businesses stealing patterns and designs from other cultures.
Many famous businesses believe her work is important.
She is a Forbes 30 Under 30 member, Chanel Foundation recipient, Cartier Women's Initiative Laureate, and an Echoing Green Fellow.
Her work has also been written about in many magazines like Teen Vogue, VogueBusiness, and Business of Fashion.
Rebecca Hui’s father was a professor.
His work caused their family to move to new places.
They moved about nine times during Hui’s childhood around the areas Hong Kong, New Jersey, and Arizona.
Because there was a lot of moving around, she gained the ability to be able to adapt quickly to fit in.
She also believed that her skill to pick up tiny differences between different communities came from her childhood.
Following Cows in Gujarat, India
In her sophomore year at University of California, Berkeley, she was feeling bad about not attending art school.
A friend helped her get an internship at an architecture company in Gujarat, India.
Her boss encouraged her to study Indian culture so she followed cows.
Hui was surprised to learn that cows are very important in India.
She became interested in the relationship between humans and animals because of her roommate.
Her roommate was a Jain.
Jainism believes in being kind and respectful to animals.
Because of her roommate's kindness towards animals, Hui felt the same.
While following cows she noticed that the relationship between cows and humans were very different in different areas.
In rural areas, cows are common and are important for milk and farms.
In cities they are used for commercial activity and sometimes are harmed by humans.
Hui believes that protection of animals can help public policy.
She has also tried studying elephants and leopards.
During this time, she discovered that buildings were considered more important than wildlife was.
She started to believe that animals were very important to keeping ecosystems alive that humans depend on.
Roots Studio
Roots Studio is a New York based startup created by Rebecca Hui.
It designs things influenced by Indigenous artists with two goals in mind.
Their first goal is to give back the appreciation, credit and respect that the Indigenous artists deserve.
Their second goal is to stop the cycle of cultural appropriation.
Rebecca has been working with minority and Indigenous artists for the last ten years.
She discovered that because of the lack of money and education, these artists were becoming laborers in cities.
They could not make art.
So Hui decided to create Roots Studio to form connections between communities and fashion to stop cultural loss and create more beauty in the world.
Toto Express
Hui is also working to found Toto Express.
Toto Express is a design-licensing agency.
Toto Express has projects where they look for artisans.
In the Secret Life Project, Hui met many artists who were not able to make enough money because there was not enough marketing and connections.
Hui wants a place where people can recognize the villagers' skills.
She said she is dedicated to these projects because she “relates to these artists whose reasons for leaving their art spoke back to my reasons for pursuing a more respected career path within the often risk-adverse Chinese American community.”
Anne-Marie Osawemwenze Ore-Ofe Imafidon is a British mathematician and computer scientist.
She was awarded an Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in 2017.
Anna-Marie Imafidon is the co-founder of Outbox and Stemettes.
Stemettes is an organization dedicated to help relieve the gender gap in studying the STEM field.
Outbox is the first technology incubator for young girls.
Her companies have brought over 40,000 women to experience STEM mentoring programs, workshops, and more.
Growing up in the UK, Imafidon was a genius from a young age.
She passed two GCSE’s in mathematics and information technology at 10 years old.
She passed her A-level computing at age 11.
She was the youngest person to ever pass that A-level exam.
Imafidon became a student at Oxford University at age 15.
At age 19 she completed her Master's degree.
She is the youngest person to ever complete a Master's degree from Oxford.
Outside of her academic life, she participated in a fashion show and played Netball in college.
When she was 16, she began receiving offers from top financial companies.
She worked for Goldman Sachs, Hewlett Packard and Deutschebank.
She started the Stemettes while working at Deutschebank.
Her work focuses on teaching girls to create technology.
She wants technology to become better because the engineers who create it are more diverse than the are today.
Imafidon is from Stratford in East London.
Her father came to the United Kingdom from Nigeria.
Imafidon isn’t the only notable person from her family.
Her younger siblings are Peter and Paula - also known as the "Wonder Twins."
They passed an Advanced Level mathematics exam at the age of 7.
By passing that exam, Peter and Paula broke the United Kingdom's record.
They were the youngest to ever pass A-levels.
When they were nine years old, both of them broke another record by passing the Cambridge University Mathematics test.
Another of Imafidon’s younger sisters, Christina, was accepted to enter the United Kingdom University at 11.
Her other sister, Samantha, passed 2 high school exams at 6 years old.
Tao Chunxiao (b. 1937) is one of the most important clarinet players in China.
Tao has been central to developing clarinet playing in China.
She was the first female clarinet player in China.
She was also the first female clarinetist from China to win an award in an international competition.
She is a professor at the Central Conservatory of Music in Beijing, China.
She used to perform the clarinet all over the world and became well known.
She has been to many famous clarinet competitions and festivals.
She is also a very successful clarinet teacher.
Many of her students have become professors, won awards, or are important members of orchestras.
Tao Chunxiao was born in 1937 in Chongqing, China.
The Military Band of the Chinese People's Liberation Army hired her.
They assigned her the clarinet.
She went to the Southwest Conservatory of Music in 1953 (now called the Sichuan Conservatory of Music).
In 1956 Tao moved to the Czech Republic to study at the Prague Conservatory of Music.
She graduated in 1961.
She returned to China after graduation.
Tao won the third place in the Seventh World Youth Festival Wind Music Competition in 1959.
This award made her the first Chinese woman to win an international clarinet prize.
Tao is a professor at the Central Conservatory of Music in Beijing, China.
The Ministry of Education awarded Tao the "Baosteel Excellent Teacher Award" in 2002.
She has held many jobs that promote music in China.
She was the Director of the Orchestral Instruments Department at Central Conservatory of Music, the President of the Chinese Clarinet Association, a Member of the Committee on Arts Education at Ministry of Education of China, and the Director of the Education and Technology Department at Ministry of Culture of China.
Tao helps check the quality of the orchestra for the Chinese National Opera House each year.
Tao judges competitions in China and internationally.
She was a judge for the 36th International Clarinet Competition in 1987 in Munich, Germany.
She was also the clarinet judge 43rd Czech "Prague Spring" International Music Competition.
She was the chair of the organizing committee and judges for the "98th International Clarinet Music Festival."
In China, she was chair of the judges for the first and second "National Youth Clarinet Playing Competitions."
Tao edited "Clarinet Playing Course", "Classic Clarinet Songs", "Learn Clarinet with Me", "Clarinet Playing and Teaching", "European Music Art History".
She co-authored "Introduction to the Physics of Music".
In 2003 she published a book entitled: Clarinet Fundamentals Tutorial.
She also has many recordings.
She taught influential clarinetist who have won awards, become professors, and performed with orchestras worldwide.
She taught Ma Yue, Yuan Yuanis, Huang Yuanfu, Yin Bo, Fan Lei, and Yuan Yuan.
In 2017, the International Clarinet Association published a special article called "A Chinese Clarinet Legend," to recognize Tao's contribution to the development of clarinet in China and worldwide.
Romaine Brooks (born Beatrice Romaine Goddard; May 1, 1874 – December 7, 1970) was an American painter who often drew women in men’s clothing.
She painted women from women's point of view, not from how men saw women.
The Smithsonian American Art Museum in Washington, D.C., has collected half of her paintings.
Experts say she is as important as Virginia Woolf and Gertrude Stein to how we think about gender.
Brooks was born in Rome.
Her parents were rich Americans.
She had an unhappy childhood.
Her mother took care of her sick brother, and often did not take care of Brooks.
Her mother believed Brooks was possessed by demons.
Her mother left Europe with her son, and a poor but kind laundry woman took care of Brooks.
Her mother did not let her draw, but the laundry woman did.
Her grandfather found her and sent her to school.
Students and teachers found her drawings of ghosts and monsters scary.
When she was 14, she was sent to a school in Italy, where she was so unhappy she tried to kill herself.
Her mother sent her to a school to learn manners in Switzerland, where she was very good at art and music.
She became independent when she was 21.
Brooks studied painting in Italy from 1896 to 1899.
She then set up an art studio on the Island of Capri.
She learned more about art when she was 24 at the Scuola Nazionale, a school in Rome.
Many students were mean to her there.
In 1900, she studied at the Académie Colarossi in Paris.
Brooks did not want money from her mother, and wanted to be independent.
She lost a lot of her money, so her sister Maya gave her some money.
Brooks gave birth to her daughter in 1897, but gave her daughter to a school because she could not take care of her.
She wanted to come back later for her baby.
After five years, the school told her the baby died 3 months after it was born.
She had a short marriage with John Ellingham Brooks in 1902.
She met Natalie Clifford Barney, who would be her lover for a long time.
Art and Works
Her art was shown in the Durand-Ruel Gallery in Paris, and she became an artist.
Some of her famous paintings are Azalées Blanches (White Azaleas) and La France Croisée.
Her art style is like James McNeil Whistler’s, whose art she liked.
Her paintings were often grey, whiter and black, with a little bit of colors like red, umber or ochre.
She did not do things other artists were doing, different from Pablo Picasso, another artist.
In 1930, Brooks wrote a book about herself called “No Pleasant Memories,” but no one ever saw it.
In 1915 Brooks had a fundraiser exhibit to raise money for the Red Cross.
To thank her, the French government gave her the Cross of the Legion of Honor.
Today, her art still has a result on others.
She lived 100 years ago, but it is interesting to see how she showed things people did not talk about a lot in her paintings.
Cydney Hope Brown is an American poet.
She is the "Youth Poet Laureate of Philadelphia."
Brown was born and raised in Northeast Philadelphia.
She lived with her mother and her two sisters.
She is a student at Abington Friends School.
Brown is also a Girl Scout.
She created Project G.O.O.D. Project G.O.O.D helps middle school and high school girls talk together online about self esteem.
Girls can participate from anywhere in the United States.
They can be a mentor or a mentee.
Brown worked at The Legacy Youth and Tennis Education program to help kids stay active Brown is also the dlerk of the poetry club, black student Union and co-clerk of the literary magazine at her school.
Brown was in fifth grade when she discovered poetry.
Her poetry is usually spoken word poetry about social justice.
She won a spoken word competition the first year she started writing.
Brown wrote the book "Daydreaming."
The book has a collection of her poems from seventh grade to now.
In 2020, she won the national Hip Hop Poetry Workshop Contest.
During the COVID-19 Pandemic, Brown needed ways to be creative.
She wrote a lot of poetry.
She also saw on the library website that the city was looking for a new Youth Poet Laureate.
She uses her poetry to advocate for black people.
Brown uses her Instagram to share her poetry.
Elizabeth E. Wein is an award winning American-British author.
Her most famous book is Code Name Verity.
Code Name Verity is a New York Times Bestseller, a Michael Printz Award Honor Book, a Boston Globe/Horn Book Awards Honor Book, and an SCBWI Golden Kite Honor Book.
Wein was born in New York City in 1964.
Wein's parents are Carol Flocken and Norman Wein.
Her family moved to England when she was 3, because of her father's work.
They lived near Alderley Edge.
Wein went to school near Alderley Edge as well.
They moved again to Jamaica when she was 6.
However, after 3 years her parents separated.
Wein, her siblings, and her mother moved to Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
Unfortunately, her mother was killed in a car accident when she was 14.
After, Wein was raised by her grandparents.
Wein graduated from Yale University in 1986.
She holds a Bachelor of Arts in English from Yale.
While at Yale, she attended a study abroad program in England.
She went to graduate school at the University of Pennsylvania after graduating from Yale.
She earned a PHD in folklore in 1994.
Wein learned to fly airplanes at the Scottish Aero Club in 2003.
Many of her novels include people who fly airplanes.
Arthurian Novels
Wein wrote a series of novels that retell the King Arthur legend.
These are The Winter Prince, A Coalition of Lions, The Sunbird, The Mark of Solomon: The Lion Hunter, and The Mark of Solomon: The Empty Kingdom.
These were published between 1993 and 2008.
World War II Novels
Wein's biggest success was Code Name Verity, published in 2012.
Code Name Verity is a story about two young female pilots.
They worked for the Allies during WWII.
They were caught by the Nazis.
Wein also released three other novels that add to the story.
Wein has received many awards for her work.
These include the Edgar Award for Best Novel.
Her books have been shortlisted for the CLIP Carnegie Medal and the Andre Norton Nebula Award.
Her husband is named Tim.
She met him in Philadelphia.
They were at a dance for people who ring bells for a hobby.
The family lives in Scotland.
They lived in England briefly for a few years before that.
Wein is an American and British citizen.
Yuriko Kimura (木村百合子) is a Japanese modern dancer.
She was a primary dancer for the Martha Graham Dance Company.
Kimura was born in Kanazawa, Japan.
When Martha Graham came to Japan Kimura took a dance class from her company.
She then came to the USA through a Fulbright Scholarship to study with Martha Graham.
Kimura studied with Graham from 1966 in New York City, USA.
At first she danced small roles.
One of her younger roles was ‘the girl holding a vase.’
Over time, she became recognized for her intense expression.
She was also known for her beautiful lines.
These led her to become one of the best dancers of all time.
Through the fame, she also became a guest dancer for other prestigious companies.
She attended summer courses through different dance workshops.
Some of her major roles consisted of Medea and Clytemnestra from major dance Productions.
The two roles are the main characters.
They are very important to the overall stage.
Kimura now teaches dance in Nara, Japan.
A tiny house, also known as a tiny home, is a type of house that is very small (up to 37 square metres or 400 sq ft).
Tiny houses can stand on a fixed place, but they can also be mobile.
For example, a tiny house with wheels can be transported.
The tiny house movement originated in the United States.
Tiny houses gained more attention after the Great Recession, when houses became very expensive in many places.
The tiny house movement has inspired many reality television series:
Mighty Tiny Houses (HGTV)
Terrific Tiny Homes (DIY)
Tiny House, Big Living (HGTV)
Tiny House Builders (HGTV)
Tiny House Hunters (HGTV)
Tiny House Hunting (FYI)
Tiny House Nation (FYI and A&E)
Tiny House World (FYI)
Tiny Luxury (HGTV)
Tiny Paradise (HGTV)
On Monday, June 8, 1953, a powerful F5 tornado went right across the city of Flint, Michigan and its suburb Beecher.
The latter city had 113–114 people dead following the severe tornado.
Before the 2011 Joplin tornado in Joplin, Missouri, it was the final tornado that lead to triple-digit death tolls in the United States.
Related tornadoes
Other tornadoes also hit lower Michigan and northern Ohio.
The overall outbreak killed 116 or 117 in Michigan alone.
Affected states also included Nebraska, Iowa, Wisconsin, New York and Massachusetts.
The overall people who died from June 6 through 9 was 247 (some reports mention higher numbers).
The full damage went beyond $340 million (1953 USD; almost $3.3 billion 2021 USD).
Michigan's deaths alone were 125.
Others were killed across Nebraska, northern Ohio and east-central Massachusetts (mostly around Worcester).
The last-said state's tornado was its very most expensive (costing $53 million) before 1979.
20th century in New York
20th century in Michigan
Jeanne Baret (also spelled Barré or Barret) was a French explorer.
She was the first woman to travel around the world.
She was a botanist.
Her trip was from 1766-1769.
Jeanne Baret was born on July 27,1740.She was born in France.
Her family wasn’t wealthy.
She learned a lot about botany from a young age.
She knew a lot about plants.
She worked for Philibert Commerson.
Commerson was a botanist.
He studied medicine, natural history and botany.
Baret and Commerson also had a relationship.
He was adopted by another family.
Commerson agreed to join a voyage around the world.
The expedition was led by Louis de Bougainville.
Commerson was the botanist.
Baret went with him.
Women were not allowed to be on ships at that time.
She disguised herself as a man.
She took a job as his cabin boy.
She called herself "Jean" Baret.
Reason for Voyage
France was looking for territory and trade at that time.
The king funded the around the world trip.
The two ships were the Boudeuse and the Etoile.
Commerson and Baret were on the Etoile.
Aboard the Etoile
Commerson was often sick.
Jeanne tended to him.
The trip set off from Nates, France and stopped at Montevideo, Uruguay.
They went from Uruguay to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
They went to Tahiti after Brazil.
Bougainville named the island of Tahiti New Cythera.
Baret revealed her true identity at Tahiti.
She revealed that she was a woman.
Bougainville let her stay on board for the rest of the trip.
They sailed to New Ireland in Papua New Guinea after Tahiti.
They went to Mauritius after New Ireland.
Commerson and Jeanne stayed in Mauritius.
Botanist Work
Commerson and Baret made many accomplishments in botany.
They collected and observed many plants.
Baret discovered a new kind of vine with pink and purple flowers.
She named that plant Bougainvillea.
She named the plant after the commander of the voyage.
Commerson died in 1773.
Baret met a man called Jean Dubernet.
They married in May of 1774.
They moved back to France to Saint-Aulaye around 1774 or 1775.
She completed her journey around the world.
Baret died in Saint-Aulaye.
She died on August 5, 1807.
Jeanne Baret accomplished a lot of things in her life.
She was the first woman to circumnavigate the globe.
She and Commerson collected and recorded over 6000 plant species.
A type of plant was named in her honor (solanum baretiae) in 2012.
It was 245 years after her voyage.
Eliza Burton (Lyda) Conley (1869-1946)was the first female lawyer of Indian descent.
She was the first Native American to argue in front of the Supreme Court.
She was known as the "Guardian of the Huron Cemetery."
Lyda Conley was born in 1869.
She lived in Wyandotte County, Kansas.
Her mother, Eliza Burton Zane Conley, was a member of the Wyandotte Tribe.
Her mother was a descendant of Chief Andrew Conley.
Her mother and her grandmother, Hannah Zane, were buried in the Huron cemetery.
Eliza Burton Conley had three sisters.
Two of her sisters were Helena (Lena) Gros Conley and Ida Conley.
They helped her defend the graves of their family and ancestors at Huron Cemetery in Kansas City.
Eliza Burton Conley graduated from the Kansas City School of Law in 1902.
Conley was admitted into the Missouri Bar Association in 1902 and Kansas Bar Association in 1910.
She became the first female lawyer of Indian descent.
She argued that the federal government had a duty to protect Native American burial sites.
The United States government guaranteed the preservation of Huron Cemetery in the 1855 treaty.
She lost the case.
The government was going to sell the land.
Conley and 2 of her sisters defended the Huron Cemetery from 1907 to 1910.
They built a shack to live in.
Her sister guarded the fort while Conley fought off intruders.
Conley studied law books to prepare herself for cases while defending the cemetery.
Conley and her sisters stopped the sale of the land.
Eliza Burton Conley died when she was 72, on May 28th, 1946.
Her burial was on May 31, 1946.
Tong Yang-Tze is a Chinese calligrapher.
Her work is part of everyday life in Taiwan.
She designed the passport stamp that you receive when you enter Taiwan.
She is very educated but still chose to pursue her dreams of art.
She is known for bringing calligraphy from the past to the present.
Tong moved to Taiwan in 1952.
She grew up with four siblings.
Her dad taught her and her siblings calligraphy.
She started learning calligraphy when she was eight years old.
Tong graduated from National Taiwan Normal University.
She earned a master’s degree in fine arts.
She also received a postgrad degree from University of Massachusetts.
She was accepted into Taiwan’s most prestigious business university.
She rejected them and chose to follow her passion for art.
She also became a graduate designer in New York.
Her style of calligraphy is known for mixing traditional calligraphy with modern art.
You can see Tong Yang-Tze’s work everywhere in Taiwan.
It is used in signs at train stations.
It is in theatre, bookshop, and anniversary campaign brands.
It is Taiwan’s passport stamp.
Tong’s work has been shown in many places.
Atelier 320: Upending was an exhibit at the Johnson Museum.
From Ink to Apparel: A Crossover between Calligraphy Art and Fashion Design was shown at the World Design Capital in Taipei.
Another exhibition was the M+ commission.
Tong has worked on many collaborations.
From Ink to Apparel: A Crossover between Calligraphy Art and Fashion Design combined the work of Tong and six young fashion designers.
Atelier 320: Upending combined calligraphy and dance.
Silent Symphony, Musical Calligraphy combined the work of Tong and the music of Mayday.
Sangdeun "Lek" Chailert is an animal rights advocator and entrepreneur.
She was born and raised in Thailand.
She is known as Thailand’s “Elephant Whisperer”.
She has dedicated her life to fighting for animal rights and putting an end to animal abuse.
She has influenced others to advocate for the welfare of animals.
She founded Elephant Nature Park and Save Elephant Foundation.
Sangdeaun “Lek” Chailert was born in 1961.
She was born in a village in Thailand called Baan Lao.
This village was located in the Northern Mountains of Thailand.
Starting from a young age, she spent a lot of time with animals and loved them.
She looked up to her grandfather.
He was a shaman, which is a traditional healer.
He helped sick and injured people within his community, and would also help sick animals.
Chailert helped her grandfather take care of the animals.
She developed a passion for it.
She witnessed the horrible abuse elephants when she was sixteen years old.
The elephants were forced to carry logs into the jungle.
Chailert graduated from Chiang Mai University, a public university in Northern Thailand.
Chailert advocates for Asian Elephants.
She founded Elephant Nature Park (ENP).
Elephant Nature Park is a sanctuary for abused Asian Elephants in Chiang Mai Province in Thailand.
It provides a home and basic necessities for elephants who were abused.
It takes up 250 acres.