the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
Australian Reptiles and Amphibians, Envirobook,
Cogger, H.G. (2000).
Reptiles and amphibians of Australia.
Reed Books: Sydney.
Department of Environment and Resource Managmenent: White-lipped tree frog -Conservation status and audio of frog call
Frog Australia Network -frog call available here.
Article Road: List of All Frog Breeds: Things You Can Do to Ensure Your Frog Has a Long, Happy and Healthy Life: White Lipped Tree Frog
Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water, New South Wales: Amphibian Keeper's Licence: Species Lists
Medium is an American television crime drama series.
It was created by Glenn Gordon Caron and ran from January 3, 2005 until January 21, 2011.
It stars Patricia Arquette as Allison DuBois, a medium for the Phoenix, Arizona district attorney's office.
She is a married mother of three daughters and uses her psychic abilities to help the police to solve crimes.
Jamestown is the ninth biggest city in North Dakota.
It is the eighth largest city by area in North Dakota.
It had a population of 15,427 at the 2010 census.
Hartford Whalers, a former ice hockey team from Hartford, Connecticut
21 is the second studio album by English singer Adele.
It was released on January 19, 2011.
It sold 208,000 copies in the first week it was released.
In the fourth week that 21 had been number one Adele sang "Someone Like You" at the 2011 BRIT Awards.
Amazon.co.uk reported that the album increased in sales by 890% an hour after Adele's performance.
It has sold over 20,000,000 copies worldwide as of May 2012.
The singles "Rolling in the Deep", "Someone Like You", and "Set Fire to the Rain" have all reached #1 on the Billboard Hot 100 charts.
21 has won many Grammy Awards including Album of the Year.
21 has sold over 11.648 million copies in the United States alone and is the best-performing album in Billboard history.
Vocals - Adele
Adele albums
The Buggles were an English musical duo.
It had Trevor Horn on vocals, bass guitar and guitar and Geoff Downes on keyboards.
They have been most known for their 1979 debut single Video Killed the Radio Star that was #1 on the singles charts of sixteen countries.
The music video was the first to be shown on MTV in the United States of America at 12:01 on 1 August 1981.
Following the poor success of their second album, Adventures in Modern Recording, the group broke up in 1981.
Horn and Downes first met in the mid 1970s, at auditions for Tina Charles' backing band, and worked with her producer, Biddu, whose backing tracks had inspired their early work.
Trevor Horn said that the group was originally planned to be named "The Bugs": "The Bugs were studio insects—imaginary creatures who lived in recording studios creating havoc.
Then somebody said as a joke that The Bugs would never be as big as The Beatles.
So we changed it to The Buggles."
Downes and Horn worked on their second album, Adventures in Modern Recording.
As originally intended, I Am a Camera was brought to completion as a Buggles song under its original title.
However, Downes left the group during the recording of the album to form the band Asia with former Yes bandmate Steve Howe.
Horn completed the album with a lot of new songwriting partners and musicians.
Adventures in Modern Recording was released in late 1981, but five singles released from the album (I Am a Camera, Adventures in Modern Recording, On TV, Lenny and Beatnik) were not as successful as "Video Killed the Radio Star", resulting in the end of The Buggles.
"Living in the Plastic Age"
"Clean Clean"
"Elstree"
"I Am a Camera"
"Adventures in Modern Recording"
"On TV"
Buggles discography on The Art Of Noise Online
Crossover thrash, also known as punk metal or simply crossover, is a form of thrash metal.
It is a mixture of punk and metal.
Acid Reign
Agnostic Front
Anti Feminism
Bad Acid Trip
Beowülf
Birth A.D.
Bones Brigade
Cerebral Fix
Charged GBH
Concrete Sox
The Cooters
Corrosion of Conformity
Cro-Mags
Cross Examination
Crumbsuckers
Cryptic Slaughter
Dr. Living Dead
Dresden 45
Electro Hippies
English Dogs
Eyesburn
Gadnium
Gang Green
Gama Bomb
Green Jellÿ
Hellbastard
Hirax
Holier Than Thou
Impulse Manslaughter
Lawnmower Deth
Lobotomia
Ludichrist
Madball
The Mentors
Mindsnare
Mucky Pup
Oi Polloi
Poison Idea
Probot
Ritam Nereda
Send More Paramedics
Septic Death
Sick Mother Fakers
Sick of It All
Snake Nation
Toxic Holocaust
Verbal Abuse
Vitamin X
U.T.I.
Excel is a crossover thrash band from Venice, California.
The band was formed in 1983 by singer Dan Clements and guitarist Adam Siegel.
Excel was influenced by street art and known for painting graffiti on the streets of the cities where they played their shows.
Excel has released three studio albums, three split albums, five demos, three singles and two live albums.
They broke up in 1995.
Their first two albums, Split Image and The Joke's on You, were reissued in 2001 with bonus tracks, and in August 2009, they released a special collection of eight DVDs of their tours in Europe and Los Angeles and published them on their MySpace page.
Excel announced a reunion in January 2012.
Split Image (1987)
The Joke's on You (1989)
Seeking Refuge (1995)
Suicidal Tendencies is a hardcore punk band, which started in 1981 in Venice, California.
Since their start, they had a lot of members come and go.
Their lead singer Mike Muir is their only permanent member.
They are credited by many as one of "the fathers of crossover thrash".
Today, Suicidal Tendencies have released nine studio albums, one EP, four split albums, five compilation albums, and two long-form videos.
They have not released an album of original material since 2000's Free Your Soul and Save My Mind.
But they released a small number of new songs that had not been released before on the split/compilation albums Friends & Family, Vol.
2 (2001), Year of the Cycos (2008), No Mercy Fool!/The Suicidal Family (2010) and The Mad Mad Muir Musical Tour (2011).
Suicidal Tendencies became well known when they released their self-titled debut album in 1983.
It spawned the single "Institutionalized", which was one of the first hardcore punk videos to get substantial airplay on MTV.
Suicidal Tendencies had not released their second album until 1987, with Join the Army.
It was the album that got the attention of Epic Records, who signed Suicidal Tendencies in 1988, the same year they released their third album How Will I Laugh Tomorrow When I Can't Even Smile Today.
People began to recognize Suicidal Tendencies more when they released the albums Controlled by Hatred/Feel Like Shit...Déjà Vu and Lights...Camera...Revolution!,
which were both certified Gold by the RIAA.
The band made two more albums, The Art of Rebellion and Suicidal for Life, and then broke up in 1995 while serving ties with from Sony and Epic.
However, Suicidal Tendencies reformed in 1997 and have continued recording and performing ever since.
After over a decade of work and many lineup changes, the band is planning to release first album with all-new material in 12 years in 2012.
Suicidal Tendencies (1983)
Join the Army (1987)
How Will I Laugh Tomorrow When I Can't Even Smile Today (1988)
Lights...Camera...Revolution! (
The Art of Rebellion (1992)
Suicidal for Life (1994)
Freedumb (1999)
Free Your Soul and Save My Mind (2000)
Six the Hard Way (1998)
Welcome to Venice (1985)
Friends & Family, Vol.
2 (2001)
Year of the Cycos (2008)
Controlled by Hatred/Feel Like Shit...Déjà Vu (1989)
Still Cyco After All These Years (1993)
Prime Cuts (1997)
Playlist: The Very Best of Suicidal Tendencies (2010)
No Mercy Fool!/The Suicidal Family (2010)
Videos and DVDs
Lights...Camera...Suicidal (1990)
Live at the Olympic Auditorium (2010)
The ash-throated antwren (Herpsilochmus parkeri) is a bird in the antbird family.
The first species was found in northern Peru in 1983.
Antbirds do anting.
The bird rubs ants (or other arthropods) on the feathers before discarded or eating them.
While this has conventionally been considered a way to remove and control feather parasites
year name) of the Northern Court during the Nanboku-chō period after Kōan and before Ōan.
This period started in September 1362 and ended in February 1368.
Go-Kōgon's Southern Court rival in  Yoshino during this time was .
Events of the Jōji era
1365 (Jōji 4): Prince Kaneyoshi gained control of Kyūshū.
1367 (Jōji 6): Ashikaga Motouji died; and Yoshiakira gave his position to his son.
1368 (Jōji 7): Ashikaga Yoshimitsu became the third shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate.
Southern Court  nengō
1362 establishments
The Yapacana antbird (Myrmeciza disjuncta) is a species of bird in the Thamnophilidae family.
The species was named by Friedmann, in 1945.
Myrmeciza disjuncta.
, also romanized as Ō-an, was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō, lit.
year name) of the Northern Court during the Nanboku-chō period after Jōji and before Eiwa.
This period started in February 1368 and ended in February 1375.
The pretenders in Kyoto were  and   The Southern Court rivals in Yoshino during this time were  and .
Events of the Ōan era
29 March 1368 (Ōan 1, 21st day of the 2nd month): Emperor Go-Murakami died; and his oldest son received the succession.
1370 (Ōan 3): Imagawa Sadayo sent to subdue Kyūshū.
1373-1406 (Ōan 6 – Ōei 13): Embassies between China and Japan.
1374 (Ōan 7): En'yū became the head of the Northern Court.
Gérard Rozenknop (born 23 January 1950 in Paris 19e), is a French aerospace engineer.
Graduate from the École Polytechnique (1969) and the French Civil Aviation University (1972), he has done a career at the French civil aviation authorities and at the International Civil Aviation Organization before becoming head of the French Civil Aviation University.
Falęcin, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-central Poland)
Falęcin, Grójec County in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
Falęcin, Płock County in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
Falęcin, Pruszków County in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
year name) of the Northern Court during the Nanboku-chō period after Ōan and before Kōryaku.
This period started in February 1375 and ended in March 1379.
The pretender in Kyoto was   Go-En'yū's Southern Court rival in Yoshino during this time was .
Events of the Eiwa era
1375 (Eiwa 1, 3rd month): Shogun Ashikaga Yoshimitsu visits the Iwashimizu Hachiman-gū where he offers a sword for the shrine's treasury, gold foil for the shrine's decoration, and a racehorse for the shrine's stable.
1375 (Eiwa 2, 4th month): For the first time, Shogun Yoshimitsu is permitted to enter the Imperial quarters at the Imperial palace.
1377 -- Goryeo diplomatic envoy Jeong Mongju met with the  in Kyūshū, Imagawa Ryōshun.
1378 (Eiwa 4, 3rd month): Yoshimitsu moved into his new home in Muromachi; and the luxurious house and grounds are called Hana-no-Gosho
1379 disestablishments
Matthew (given name), a male given name
Matthew the Evangelist, one of the disciples of Jesus
Gospel of Matthew, a book in the New Testament of the Bible written by the disciple
Matthew (ship), a 15th-century ship
Hurricane Matthew, a category 5 hurricane in 2016
A Visit from St. Nicholas, a poem by Clement Clarke Moore, often called The Night Before Christmas because that phrase is in the first line of the poem
"The Night Before Christmas" (Tom and Jerry), the third episode of Tom and Jerry
There are 18 genera and 151 species which are currently found: 7 genera and 54 species in the Old World, and 11 genera and 97 species in the New World.
They are the only known vipers found in the Americas.
Some of the snakes which belong in this group are the rattlesnakes, lanceheads and Asian pitvipers.
Pit vipers range in size from the hump-nosed viper, Hypnale hypnale, which grows to the length of around 30–45 centimetres (12–18 in), to the South American bushmaster, Lachesis muta, which is known to grow to a length of 3.65 metres (12.0 ft), making it the longest venomous snake in the New World.
Some pit vipers are arboreal (meaning they live in trees), some are terrestrial (meaning they live on the ground), and one species is even semi-aquatic: the cottonmouth, Agkistrodon piscivorus.
This subfamily of snakes is found from eastern Europe, eastward through Asia to Japan, Taiwan, Indonesia, India, Nepal and Sri Lanka.
In the Americas, they are found from southern Canada, southward to Central America to southern South America.
Members of this group are found in deserts and rainforests.
Pit vipers are mainly viviparous, meaning the females give live birth.
It is believed that all oviparous Pit vipers guard their eggs.
Many young pit vipers have brightly coloured tails which is different to the rest of their body.
Moccasins, (Agkistrodon)
Jumping pitvipers, (Atropoides)
Palm-pitvipers, (Bothriechis)
Forest-pitvipers, (Bothriopsis)
Lanceheads, (Bothrops)
Malayan pitviper, (Calloselasma)
Montane pitvipers, (Cerrophidion)
Rattlesnakes, (Crotalus)
Hundred-pace pitviper, (Deinagkistrodon)
Asian moccasins, (Gloydius)
Hump-nosed pit vipers, (Hypnale)
Bushmasters, (Lachesis)
Mexican horned pitvipers, (Ophryacus)
Mountain pit vipers, (Ovophis)
Hognose pit vipers, (Porthidium)
Ground rattlesnakes, (Sistrurus)
Asian lanceheads, (Trimeresurus)
Temple vipers, (Tropidolaemus)
a fictional character associated with Babar the Elephant
rail-road shunting vehicles manufacturer, see Rail car mover
A Laser Doppler anemometer called ZephIR developed by QinetiQ and licensed to a Renewable Energy consultancy called Natural Power
"Zefir (confectionery)", a Russian type of confectionery, made in a similar way to marshmallows with addition of more sugar and egg whites
Zephyr (disambiguation)
Microsoft Excel, a spreadsheet application by Microsoft Corporation
Excel (gum), a brand of chewing gum produced by Wrigley's
Excel (band), a crossover thrash-punk band from Venice, California
Excel (Excel Saga), the protagonist in the manga and anime series Excel Saga
Excel (festival), a national technical festival conducted by Model Engineering College, Kochi, India
The Guaviare is a river in Colombia.
Territorial-Environmental Information System of Colombian Amazon SIAT-AC website
Litovel (; ) is a town in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic.
There are some historical monuments like the Town hall or the Bridge of Saint John.
In the town is brewery which makes beer with the same name as the name of the town.
Town Hall is in Přemysl Otakar II Square.
The town bought it in 1557.
In 1572 it was rebuilded and they builded there the tower, which is directly over the Morava river.
Plague column was builded by Václav Render in 1724 in memory of plague epidemy in 1714 and it is near the Town Hall in Přemysl Otakar II Square.
Bridge of Saint John is stone bridge over the Morava river.
They builded it in 1592 and it is the third oldest bridge in the Czech republic and the oldest in Moravia now.
Administrative parts
Březové
Chořelice
Chudobín
Myslechovice
Nasobůrky
Rozvadovice
Savín
Tři Dvory
Unčovice
Víska
Revúca, Slovakia
Littau, Switzerland
Ohio Valley Wrestling (OVW) is an American developmental professional wrestling promotion.
It is  based in Louisville, Kentucky.
OVW was a part of the National Wrestling Alliance from its inception in 1997 until 2000.
It then became the main company for World Wrestling Entertainment to train new talent.
OVW remained in this role from 2000 until 2008.
In November 2011, it became the official and current developmental territory for Total Nonstop Action Wrestling.
As of December 2011, over 100 people trained at OVW had appeared in WWE.
OVW is now run by owner Danny Davis.
American professional wrestling promotions
year name) of the Northern Court during the Nanboku-chō period after Eiwa and before Eitoku.
This period started in March 1379 and ended in February 1381.
Events of the Kōryaku era
1379 (Kōryaku 2): Shiba Yoshimasa became Kanrei.
1380 (Kōryaku 3): Kusunoki Masanori rejoined Emperor Go-Kameyama.
26 July 1380 (Kōryaku 2, 24th day of the 6th month): Former pretender Emperor Kōmyō died at age 60.
1379 establishments
year name) of the Northern Court during the Nanboku-chō period after Kōryaku and before Shitoku.
This period started in February 1381 and ended in February 1384.
The pretenders in Kyoto were  and    Their Southern Court rivals in Yoshino during this time were  and {{nihongo|Emperor Go-Kameyama|後亀山天皇|Go-Kameyama-tennō}}.
Events of the Eitoku era
1381 (Eitoku 1, 3rd month): The emperor traveled in procession to visit Ashikaga Yoshimitsu at his home.
1381 (Eitoku 1, 7th month): Nijō Yoshimoto was given the position of Prime Minister (daijō daijin).
1382 (Eitoku 2, 1st month): Yoshimitsu is raised to the court position of Minister of the Left (sadaijin), and several days later, he was named General of the Left (sadaisho).
1383 (Eitoku 3''): Emperor Go-Kameyama received the succession in the Southern Court.
Southern Court nengō.
Kōwa (Muromachi period), 1381–1384
The National Archives Law No.
79 (1999) established NAJ's core function of preserving government documents and records.
National Archives of Japan ;
Japan Center for Asian Historical Records
National archives in Asia
Four temperaments is a theory of psychology about personality.
It suggests that there are four bodily fluids that affect human personality traits and behaviour.
The temperaments are sanguine, choleric, melancholy, and phlegmatic.
Humours
Mucus - Cold and damp
Black bile - Cold and dry
Yellow bile - Warm and Dry
Blood - Warm and damp
Galen thought that to cure illness you need to rebalance the fluids.
If you, for example, have too much blood, you will need a remedy which is the opposite of warm and damp; something cold and dry.
A sanguine person is an energetic person.
They are friendly, talkative, encouraging and creative.
They like to be noticed by others and to have fun.
But they tend to forget things they are supposed to do and to be late for dates or appointments.
If they feel that they are not appreciated, they can become depressed (sad).
They tend to lose interest in new hobbies as soon as it is no longer a fun thing to do.
Choleric
A choleric is a bossy, ambitious and critical person.
They tend to be good leaders, but when they don't have power over everyone, they can get into a bad mood.
They can be bossy to people of the other temperaments.
They are able to make good plans and do things well by not losing interest.
A melancholic or melancholy person is a thinker and perfectionist.
They tend to prefer to spend time alone instead of being in social situations.
They go by a schedule and are truthful (say what they mean).
They can become depressed because of their perfectionist traits.
They might suffer in silence and not complain.
They are independent and able to do things for themselves.
Melancholics can be creative in artistic areas such as poetry and music.
People tend to say "Melancholic" instead of "Melancholy".
The term "Melancholic" in the incorrect way of saying one of these four traits.
Phlegmatic
A phlegmatic is a quiet, kind and peaceful person.
They like giving and receiving affection, although they might be shy.
They can be content to go along with situations as they are, instead of trying to change them.
They may tend to be relaxed, lazy and not have a lot of energy.
Ida Lvovna Rubinstein  5 October 1885 – 20 September 1960) was a Russian ballerina, actress, personality and patron.
Early life and training
Rubinstein was born in Kharkov, or possibly St. Petersburg,p408 into a wealthy Jewish family.
Tutored by Mikhail Fokine, she made her debut in 1908.
This was a single private performance of Oscar Wilde's Salomé, in which she stripped nude in the course of the Dance of the Seven Veils.
Sergei Diaghilev took her with the Ballets Russes and she danced the title role of Cléopâtre in the Paris season of 1909, and Zobéide in Scheherazade in 1910.
Both ballets were choreographed by Fokine, and designed by Leon Bakst.
Her partner in Scherazade was Nijinsky.
Scherezade was admired at the time for its racy sensuality, costumes and design.
Its music is by Rimsky-Korsakov.
For a long time the ballet was rarely performed.
It is in the repertoire of the Mariinsky Ballet at present, and was performed by them in London 2011.
Rubinstein left the Ballets Russes in 1911.
Bisexual, in 1911 Rubinstein began a three-year affair with the painter Romaine Brooks, who created a striking portrait.
She used the dancer as a nude model for Venus.
Rubinstein companies
After leaving the Ballets Russes, Rubinstein formed her own dance company.
She had inherited money, and she used it to commission several lavish productions.
In 1911 she performed in Le Martyre de Saint Sebastien.
The creative team was Fokine (choreography); Bakst (design); and score by Debussy.
This was a triumph for its stylized modernism, and a scandal.
The Archbishop of Paris prohibited Catholics from attending because St. Sebastian was being played by a woman and a Jew.
In the 1920s and 30s, Rubinstein appeared in a number of plays, and in Staat's Istar at the Paris Opera in 1924.
Between 1928 and 1929, she directed her own company in Paris with Nijinska as choreographer.
She commissioned and performed in Maurice Ravel's Boléro in 1928.
Other works developed in 1928 were Massine's David, with music by Sauguet; and Le Baiser de la fée, with music by Stravinsky, and choreography by Nijinska.
The repertoire also included The Firebird (L'Oiseau de Feu) with music by Stravinsky, and choreography by Fokine; this had been one of the most sensational creations for the Ballets Russes.
Her company was revived in 1931 and 1934, with new works.
She closed the company in 1935, and gave her last performance in the play Jeanne d'Arc au bûcher in Paris, 1939.
Rubinstein was not a front-rank ballerina; she began her training too late for that.
She did have tremendous 'stage presence' and was able to act.
She was also a significant patron, and commissioned works that suited her, works that mixed dance with drama and stagecraft.
In 1934 the French government awarded her the Légion d'honneur, and then in 1939 the Grand Cross of the order, their highest honour.
In 1935 she was awarded honorary French citizenship, and in 1936 she converted to Roman Catholicism.
In 1940 she left France and made her way to England via Algeria and Morocco.
There she helped wounded Free French soldiers until 1944.
She returned to France after the war.
She lived finally at Les Olivades at Vence, where she died in 1960.
She is buried nearby.
Richard Winyu Tsien (born 3 March 1945) is a noted American neurobiologist (or neuroscientist).
Tsien has received many honours and awards.
Richard Tsien was born in Tating, Kweichow, China.
He is the eldest of three brothers.
Tsien's youngest brother Roger Y. Tsien, a cell biologist, won the 2008 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
He is a descendant of the King Wuyue Tsien Liu.
He is the son of Hsue-Chu Tsien, a famous aeronautical mechanic who became the chief engineer for Boeing.
Soon after his birth, Tsien's family moved to the United States.
Tsien received BS in 1965 and MS in 1966 both in electrical engineering and both from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Tsien then won the Rhodes Scholarship and studied in the United Kingdom at Wadham College, Oxford from 1966 to 1969.
Tsien obtained PhD in biophysics from Oxford in 1970.
From 1968 to 1970, Tsien was a Weir Junior Research Fellow at University College, Oxford.
From 1969 to 1970, Tsien was a teaching fellow at Balliol College, Oxford.
In 1970, Tsien went back to the United States, became an assistant professor in the Department of Physiology at Yale University School of Medicine from 1970 to 1974.
From 1974 to 1979, Tsien was an associate professor in the same department, and promoted to full professor in 1979 until 1988.
In 1988, Tsien went to Stanford and founded the Stanford University Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, where he also served the first chairman.
From 1991 to 2001, Tsien was the Director Silvio Conte - National Institutes of Mental Health Center for Neuroscience Research.
Since 1988, Tsien has been the George D. Smith Professor of Stanford Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology.
And since 2000, Tsien has been the Co-Director for the Stanford Brain Research Centre.
Tsien did important work on calcium channels, their mechanisms and roles in cell signaling pathways.
Tsien's research also helps us understand the long-term plasticity of synapses.
From 1987 to 1988, Tsien was the President of the Society of General Physiologists.
In August 2000, Tsien also served the Section Chair of Neurobiology of the United States National Academy of Sciences.
1985 - Kenneth S. Cole Award (for contributions to membrane biophysics)
1991 - 1995, 1999, Kaiser Award for Outstanding and Innovative Teaching, from Stanford University
1993 - Magnes Prize, from Hebrew University, Jerusalem
1994 - elected to the United States Institute of Medicine
1996 - Walter B. Cannon Memorial Award, from the American Physiological Society
1996 - elected to the Academia Sinica
1997 - elected to the United States National Academy of Sciences
1998 - elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
1999 - elected Charter to the Biophysical Society
Chinese biologists
Contemporary R&B is a music genre of R&B. It mixes rhythm and blues, soul, funk, pop, hip hop, electronic and dance.
Contemporary R&B is currently a dominant music genre for the Top 40 radios.
Artists of this type of music includes,Whitney Houston, Beyoncé, Michael Jackson, Mariah Carey, and Stevie Wonder.
Contemporary R&B became a popular music genre after the disco era in the 1980s.
Contemporary R&B is an African American type of music, however, there has been other artists who are not African American that record contemporary R&B.
Guy du Merle (1 January 1908 – 6 June 1993) was a French aerospace engineer, pilot and writer.
He was the first head of the French Civil Aviation University.
Du Merle graduated from the École Polytechnique (1927) and the École nationale supérieure de l'aéronautique et de l'espace (1932).
He began his career as a military pilot, from 1933 to 1935, on more than hundred types of aircraft.
From 1940 to 1950, he taught aerospace engineering at the École nationale supérieure de l'aéronautique et de l'espace.
In 1948, he became the first director of the French Civil Aviation University, until 1951.
Guy du Merle, Construction des avions, Souchier, 1942, 283 p.
Guy du Merle, Construction des avions, Dunod, 1947, 857 p.
Guy du Merle, Aviation quand tu nous tiens, 23 p., École nationale de l'aviation civile, 1986 (English version )
People from Toulon
Trey Lorenz (born Lloyd Lorenz Smith; January 19, 1969) is an American singer and songwriter.
He has been a backing vocalist for Mariah Carey and Selena.
His 1992 single "Someone to Hold", reached number 19 on the US Billboard Hot 100, number five on the Hot R&B/Hip Hop Songs and number 65 on the UK Singles Chart.
Trey Lorenz (1992)
Mr. Mista (2006)
The Gordian Knot is a  legend of associated with Alexander the Great.
It is often used as a metaphor for a problem which has no easy or obvious solution.
Myth story
In Phrygia (modern Turkey), there was a legendary prophesy about a unique knot which could only be loosened by the man who would rule all of Asia.
It was called the "Gordian" knot because it was preserved in Gordium.
It supposed to have been created by a man named Gordius.
The knot was complex and tangled.
This mythical knot was tied around the part of a wooden cart or wagon.
Alexander solved the problem in a way no one had expected.
Then he went on to lead Greek armies which conquered much of the known world.
The Top 40 is a radio format that measures the top forty songs in any music genre.
The Top 40 became a dominant radio format in the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s.
Adult Top 40 (Billboard)
Pop Songs (Billboard)
Dutch Top 40 (is a Dutch music chart)
Los 40 Principales (in Spain)
Ö3 Austria Top 40 (the official Austrian music chart)
Pete Battistini, "American Top 40 with Casey Kasem The 1970s", Authorhouse.com, January 31, 2005.
Susan Douglas, Listening In: Radio and the American Imagination (New York: Times Books, 1999)
Ben Fong-Torres, The Hits Just Keep On Coming: The History of Top 40 Radio (San Francisco: Backbeat Books, 1998)
Elwood F. 'Woody' Goulart, The Mystique and Mass Persuasion: Bill Drake & Gene Chenault’s Rock and Roll Radio Programming (2006)
David MacFarland, The Development of the Top 40 Radio Format (New York: Arno Press, 1979)
Billboard Top 40 Mainstream
Public Radio documentary featuring a history of Top 40
The American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP) is a not-for-profit performance rights organisation.
The ASCAP protects its members' musical copyrights.
They do this by monitoring public performances of their music.
In 2012, ASCAP collected over US$941 million in licensing fees, and gave out $829 million in royalties to its members.
In the United States, ASCAP competes with two other PROs — Broadcast Music Incorporated (BMI) and the Society of European Stage Authors and Composers (SESAC).
Blume, Jason (2006).
This Business of Songwriting.
Billboard Books (New York City).
Passman, Donald S. (2003).
All You Need to Know about the Music Business.
Free Press (New York City).
Shemel, Sidney; Krasilovsky, M. William (1990).
This Business of Music.
Billboard Books (New York City). .
ascap.com, official website
ascap.com/about/history, history module of ASCAP at its official website
ascap.com/playback, Playback magazine module at ASCAP's official website
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the sudden and unexpected death of a human baby which is unexplained even after an autopsy and investigation.
SIDS is sometimes referred to as cot death or crib death.
The name is only applied to cases where the baby is less than one year old.
By definition, SIDS deaths occur under the age of one year.
Most happen when the infant is 2 to 4 months of age.
This is a critical period because the infant's ability to arouse from sleep is not yet mature.
SIDS is defined as a syndrome.
Babies are at the highest risk for SIDS during their sleep.
Male infants die more often than female infants; about 60% of the cases are male infants.
Infants also die more often during winter months.
Problems with blood flow to the brain
Problems with levels of serotonin
Effects of the bacterium Clostridium botulinum (which causes botulism)
Toxic gases
Vaccinations do not increase the risk of SIDS, and may reduce the risk slightly.
Infanticide and child abuse cases may be misdiagnosed as SIDS due to lack of evidence.
and caretakers of infants with SIDS are sometimes falsely accused.
Accidental suffocations are also sometimes  misdiagnosed as SIDS and vice versa.
Grief support for families affected by SIDS is particularly important.
The death of the infant is typically sudden, without witnesses, and requires an investigation.
A broader term, “sudden and unexpected infant death” (SUID) is used to describe all such deaths, regardless of cause.
Cases of SUID that remain unexplained after a complete autopsy and review of the circumstances of death and clinical history are classified as SIDS.
Thus, SIDS is one of the causes of SUID and accounts for 80% of such deaths.
Nobody knows what causes SIDS.
However, there are some known risk factors for SIDS.
Not every infant who has one of these risk factors dies from SIDS.
Risk factors just make it more likely for a baby to have SIDS.
SIDS happens more in infants of mothers who smoke while they are pregnant.
The higher the levels of nicotine in the infant's blood, the higher the risk of SIDS.
Nicotine causes important changes in the way a fetus develops during pregnancy, which have been linked to SIDS as well as miscarriages.
Infants who are put to sleep on their stomachs or sides are more likely to die of SIDS.
This risk is highest in infants who are two to three months old.
The "Back to Sleep" movement has encouraged parents to put their infants to sleep on their backs to prevent SIDS.
A hot or cold bedroom
Having many blankets in the infant's crib, or a lot of clothing on the infant
Soft sleeping surfaces
Having stuffed animals in the crib
Infants are more likely to die of SIDS if they share a bed with parents or older children.
This risk is highest:
When the infant is less than three months old;
When the mattress is soft;
When one or more people share the infant's bed; and
When people in the bed are using drugs or alcohol, or are smoking.
Infants who are breastfed are less likely to die of SIDS.
The more an infant has been breastfed, the less likely they are to die of SIDS.
Pregnancy and infant factors
SIDS is less likely to happen in infants of older mothers.
Infants of teenage mothers are at the highest risk.
Their mother did not get good prenatal care while she was pregnant
The infant weighs less than normal when they are born (this is called low birth weight)
The infant is born too soon (prematurely).
Premature infants are four times more likely to die of SIDS.
The infant has anemia
SIDS only happens at certain ages.
The risk of SIDS is highest in infants from two to four months old.
After the infant reaches one year old, the risk decreases and eventually reaches zero.
Genetics affect the risk of SIDS.
Baby boys have about a 50% higher risk of SIDS than baby girls.
Scientists think this might be because of an allele that exists on the X chromosome.
They think this allele helps protect against episodes where the brain does not get enough oxygen (transient cerebral anoxia).
Baby boys would be more likely to be missing this allele.
Vaccinations do not increase the risk of SIDS.
Most studies have shown that getting vaccinations cuts an infant's risk of a SIDS death in half.
SIDS may be more common in babies with Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli (E. coli) infections, but scientists are not sure.
Preventing SIDS
Sleep positioning
Putting infants to sleep on their backs can help prevent SIDS.
The number of SIDS deaths has fallen in countries where this is commonly done.
Also, if parents share a room with their infant but do not share a bed, they can cut their baby's risk of SIDS in half.
Parents can help prevent SIDS by not using pillows, very soft mattresses, stuffed animals, or fluffy blankets in their infant's crib.
Dressing the infant warmly and keeping the crib "naked" lowers the risk of SIDS.
If an infant has a blanket in the crib, they should be covered only up to their chest, with their arms left outside the blanket.
This makes it harder for the infant to move the blanket over their head, which could cause breathing problems.
In colder places where infants need help staying warm, the American Academy of Pediatrics suggests using a "sleep sack."
This is like a sleeping bag for a baby, but with holes for the baby's arms and head.
The bag is closed around the baby with a zipper.
This helps keep the baby warm without covering their head.
Sleep sacks are especially helpful for babies with low birth weight, who have more trouble keeping themselves warm.
Many studies have shown that vaccines normally given to infants help prevent SIDS.
For example, one very large research study showed that giving infants vaccines for diptheria, tetanus, and pertussis helps prevent SIDS.
TLC is an American girl group.
It originally had three members, but it now there are two.
TLC was one of the first R&B and hip hop stars of the 1990s.
They formed the band in Atlanta, Georgia in 1991.
TLC (an acronym for "T-Boz, Left Eye and Chilli") consisted of Tionne "T-Boz" Watkins, Lisa "Left Eye" Lopes (1971-2002) and Rozonda "Chilli" Thomas.
Lisa Pebbles, was the band manager.
Oooooooh.... On the TLC Tip, CrazySexyCool and bankrupt years (1992-1998)
TLC's debut album Ooooooohhh.... On the TLC Tip (1992) sold 4,000,000 copies in the United States.
It released four singles "Ain't 2 Proud 2 Beg", "What About Your Friends", "Hat 2 Da Back", and "Baby, Baby, Baby".
In 1994, band member Lopes had set her boyfriend, Andre Rison's, house on fire.
After she was released from rehab, she was put on probation.
That same year, CrazySexyCool was released.
It became their breakthrough release.
It sold 11,000,000 copies in the United States and was certified 8x Platinum in Canada, Platinum in United Kingdom and 1x Diamond in the United States.
Rolling Stone magazine ranked the album #377 of the "500 greatest albums of all time" list.
The singles "Red Light Special", "Waterfalls", "Creep" and "Diggin' on You" all entered the Billboard Hot 100 chart.
TLC filed for bankruptcy in 1995, despite their success of CrazySexyCool.
The band had owe too much money to their manager Pebbles.
The albums sales were not enough to pay her back.
TLC filed for a lawyer and was able to terminate the record deal signed with Pebbles.
Because of the label and producer trouble, and health problems (Watkins' struggled with sickle cell anemia), postponed any developments for their next album.
FanMail and 3D (1999-2004)
Fanmail was released in 1999.
The singles "No Scrubs", "Unpretty", and "Silly Ho" helped the album to reach #1 on the Billboard 200 pop chart.
The album's fourth single "Dear Lie" was not successful.
The album was given positive feedback from music critics.
The band began arguing with each other because of Lopes, who continued to be on tabloid magazines.
Watkins married Mack 10, a rapper.
However, her health problems were helping her to not be near recording studios.
Lopes had begun a solo career.
In 2002, Lopes was killed during a car accident in Honduras.
The remainder of the group announced that they continue recording their fourth album.
Lopes had recorded a few verses before she was killed.
The album, 3D was released later that year.
The single "Girl Talk" was a tribute to Lopes.
The other single "Hands Up" was not successful.
The album's third single "Damaged" was more successful and was on the Hot 100 until 2003.
In 2004, the reality television show R U The Girl?
aired on FOX.
The show was about searching for great African American singers.
The show had over 4,000,000 average viewers.
O'so Krispie from Atlanta was chosen as the winner.
TLC later said that they never wanted to replace Lopes and disbanded the group.
Break and miscellaneous work (2005-present)
In July 2013 TLC signed a new record contract.
TLC will start a tour in 2014.
Ooooooohhh... On the TLC Tip (1992)
CrazySexyCool (1994)
FanMail (1999)
3D (2002)
TLC (2017)
TLC at MTV.com
TLC discography at iMusic.am
Ali-Ollie Woodson (September 12, 1951 – May 30, 2010) was an American R&B singer, songwriter, keyboardist and actor.
He was known for singing with The Temptations, starting in 1984.
He has also worked with Aretha Franklin and Bill Pinkney.
Woodson was diagnosed with throat cancer.
He died in southern California after battling with leukemia for 18 months.
Ali Ollie Woodson interview by Pete Lewis, 'Blues & Soul' December 2001 (reprinted June 2010)
Ali Ollie Woodson feature with an interview at Soul Express
Ali Ollie Woodson, Singer in Temptations, Dies at 58
"My Heart Will Go On" is a hit song by Canadian singer Celine Dion.
It was in the movie Titanic.
Its music was composed by James Horner.
The lyrics were written by Will Jennings.
The song reached number one in over 10 countries.
It became Dion's signature song.
It helped her become a popular singer.
It was one of the best selling singles worldwide.
It was the best-selling single of 1998.
"My Heart Will Go On" – 4:40
"Because You Loved Me" – 4:33
"My Heart Will Go On" (Tony Moran mix) – 4:21
"The Reason" – 5:01
"Southampton" – 4:02
"Beauty and the Beast" – 4:04
"I Love You" – 5:30
"Rose" (instrumental) – 2:52
"When I Fall in Love" – 4:19
"My Heart Will Go On" (Richie Jones mix) – 4:15
"My Heart Will Go On" (Soul Solution) – 4:18
"Misled" (The Serious mix) – 4:59
"Love Can Move Mountains" (Underground vocal mix) – 7:10
"My Heart Will Go On" (Cuca's radio edit) – 4:22
"My Heart Will Go On" (Tony Moran's anthem edit) – 4:21
"My Heart Will Go On" (Richie Jones unsinkable edit) – 4:15
"My Heart Will Go On" (Tony Moran's anthem vocal) – 9:41
"My Heart Will Go On" (Richie Jones unsinkable club mix) – 10:04
"My Heart Will Go On" (Matt & Vito's unsinkable epic mix) – 9:53
"My Heart Will Go On" (soundtrack version) – 5:11
"Have a Heart" – 4:12
"Nothing Broken But My Heart" – 5:55
"Where Does My Heart Beat Now" – 4:32
End of year charts
Celine Dion songs
, also known as McDonald's Tokio Hot 100, is the official music chart program of J-Wave.
It is also the flagship program of the Japan FM League's Hot 100 music chart series.
It ranks the most popular 100 songs every week.
It is published on Billboard magazine.
Songs of the Year
1988: U2 — "Desire"
1989: Prince — "Batdance"
1990: Madonna — "Vogue"
1991: Stevie B — "Because I Love You (The Postman Song)"
1992: Shanice — "I Love Your Smile"
1993: Mariah Carey — "Dreamlover"
1994: Big Mountain — "Baby I Love Your Way"
1995: Diana King — "Shy Guy"
1996: Eric Clapton — "Change the World"
1997: Jamiroquai — "Cosmic Girl"
1998: Celine Dion — "My Heart Will Go On"
1999: Jamiroquai — "Canned Heat"
2000: Madonna — "Music"
2001: Janet Jackson — "All for You"
2002: Underworld — "Two Months Off"
2003: Beyoncé Knowles featuring Jay-Z — "Crazy in Love"
2004: Avril Lavigne — "Don't Tell Me"
2005: Def Tech — "My Way"
2006: Daniel Powter — "Bad Day"
2007: Ne-Yo — "Because of You"
2008: Coldplay - "Viva la Vida"
2009: Madonna — "Celebration"
2010: Maroon 5 - "Misery"
2011: Maia Hirasawa - "Boom!"
Helmet is an alternative metal band from New York.
The band was formed in 1989 by vocalist and lead guitarist Page Hamilton, who is their only constant member.
Helmet became popular when they released their 1992 major-label debut Meantime, which peaked at number 68 on the Billboard 200 and featured their best known songs "Unsung" and "In the Meantime".
Meantime is also Helmet's only album to go gold in the United States.
They made two more albums before breaking up in 1998.
However, Helmet reformed in 2004 and released a new album later that year.
The album was called Size Matters and was their last release on their longtime label Interscope Records.
Helmet was briefly signed to Warcon Records, who released their next album Monochrome in 2006, but today, they are signed to Work Song Records.
That label released their latest album Seeing Eye Dog in 2010.
Strap It On (1990)
Meantime (1992)
Betty (1994)
Aftertaste (1997)
Size Matters (2004)
Monochrome (2006)
Seeing Eye Dog (2010)
Kyuss is an American rock band from Palm Desert, California.
They started in 1987 as Katzenjammer, became Sons of Kyuss in 1989 and then changed their name to Kyuss in 1991.
The band now performs as Vista Chino.
The band was formed in 1987 and its first name was "Katzenjammer" (A German slang word for "hangover") but changed this to Sons of Kyuss in 1989 and recorded an EP.
This EP is the only release by the band that features bass player Chris Cockrell.
After performing shows in the Palm Desert area and gaining fans, the band signed to Dali records and released their first album "Wretch" in 1991.
The band were unhappy with the album, as it didn't sound the way they wanted it to, because it wasn't produced properly and not enough money was spent on making it.
In 1992, the band hired a new producer who would be more capable to making their next album sound how the band wanted it to.
This next album was called Blues For The Red Sun.
It was more successful than Wretch and is considered their best album.
However, bassist Nick Oliveri left after the band finished recording the album, and Scott Reeder became his replacement.
When Dali Records had problems with money, the band signed to Elektra (a bigger label) and recorded another album.
The album is supposed to be called "Kyuss" but fans call it "Welcome To Sky Valley" because of the sign on the front cover.
Like Blues For The Red Sun, the album was successful, although it took over a year for the album to be brought out due to the band changing record labels.
Drummer Brant Bjork left shortly after it was recorded as well, and was replaced with Alfredo Hernandez.
In 1995, the band released the last album of their initial run, called ...And The Circus Leaves Town.
The album wasn't quite as successful as the previous two and fans and critics had mixed opinions of it.
After the band broke up later that year, people started to respect the album more.
For several years after the breakup, people wondered if the band would ever reform.
Guitar player Josh Homme (who had formed a band called Queens Of The Stone Age since the breakup) was unhappy with the idea of it, believing it would be wrong after a "great history" they had between 1987-1995.
However, bass player Scott Reeder believed the other members of the band would be happy to reunite.
Eventually, in 2010, A Kyuss reunion had begun.
However, Josh Homme still didn't agree with a reunion, so guitar player Bruno Fevery replaced him, playing with singer John Garcia, bass player Nick Oliveri, and drummer Brank Bjork as "Kyuss Lives!".
John Garcia decided to go with this name as he believes there is not a "Kyuss" without Josh Homme.
Because of a lawsuit filed by Homme, Kyuss Lives!
changed their name to Vista Chino.
Nick Oliveri has since left again to be replaced by Billy Cordell.
Vista Chino released their debut album Peace in September 2013.
So far, the band has released five full-length studio albums, all released as Kyuss unless otherwise noted.
Wretch (1991)
Blues for the Red Sun (1992)
Welcome to Sky Valley (1994)
...And the Circus Leaves Town (1995)
Spock is a character in Star Trek.
He is often called Mr. Spock by others.
He has been played by Leonard Nimoy and by Zachary Quinto.
Jacob Kogan played Spock when he was a child in the 2009 movie Star Trek.
Spock is half Vulcan and half human.
Spock first appeared in Star Trek: The Original Series and he was in many of the Star Trek movies.
He also appeared in two episodes of Star Trek: The Next Generation.
Star Trek: The Original Series characters
Fictional characters introduced in 1966
Anting is a behavior in which birds rub insects (usually ants) on their feathers.
This releases liquids with chemicals such as formic acid onto the bird's feathers.
Over 200 species of bird have been known to ant.
We do not know why birds ant.
Birds may ant because the chemicals released by the insects kill parasites on their feathers.
Another reason is that it releases the chemicals the ants make onto the bird's feathers.
The bird can then eat the ant without being hurt by the chemicals.
There are two forms of anting: active anting and passive acting.
Active anting is when a bird picks up ants in its bill and wipes them on its feathers.
Passive anting is when the bird lies down in a group of ants and opens up its wings so that the ants will crawl up into its feathers.
Bug killer
Some bug sprays are sprayed at the bug to kill it.
Other bug sprays are sprayed around a house or picnic area.
Bugs that come too close to this kind of bug spray will usually die.
Bug repellent
Bug repellent is never sprayed at a bug.
Bug repellents can be used to keep bugs from coming into a house or picnic area.
Some kinds of sunscreen have bug repellent that keeps mosquitos away.
Some bug repellents are spread over the skin of a person.
Epigynum (plural epigyna) is the sex organ on a female spider.
It is found on the underside of her abdomen.
A male spider covers its pedipalps in sperm and puts them inside the female spider's epigynum.
A fang is a sharp tooth used for catching prey found on many animals, such as wolves and spiders.
Spiders, tarantulas, and venomous snakes have hollow fangs.
Venom glands fill these hollow fangs with venom so that when these animals catch their prey with their fangs, they paralyze the prey to make it easier to eat.
The fangs on a snake can be folded under the skin like a cat's claws.
Spider and tarantula fangs are found outside of their mouth instead of inside it.
"Woke Up This Morning" is a song by Alabama 3 (also known as A3) from their 1997 album Exile on Coldharbour Lane.
The song is best known as the opening theme music for the HBO drama series The Sopranos which used the "Chosen One Mix".
There are two versions of the song, the mix The Sopranos used and the original.
"Woke Up This Morning" lyrics at Metrolyrics.com
The Crafoord Prize is an annual science prize established in 1980 by Holger and Anna-Greta Crafoord.
It is administered by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
The prize is for "international basic research in the disciplines Astronomy, Mathematics, Geosciences, and Biosciences, with particular emphasis on ecology, and rheumatoid arthritis" (the disease from which Holger severely suffered in his last years).
According to the Academy, "these disciplines are chosen so as to complement those for which the Nobel Prizes are awarded."