the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
For example, if water is polluted, a person can get exposed to the toxins in the water by drinking it (ingestion) and by showering or swimming in it (absorption).
Things that affect toxicity
Once a person has been exposed to a toxin, there are many things that affect toxicity.
This article talks about only a few.
The exposure
Many things about a person's exposure affect toxicity.
Three of the most important things are:
Concentration: How much of the toxin was the person exposed to?
Duration: How long was the person exposed to the toxin?
Frequency: How many times was the person exposed?
The route of exposure also affects toxicity.
For example, if it is injected, snake venom can be life-threatening.
However, if it is ingested, snake venom is usually not harmful.
The effects of this toxin are very different depending on the route of exposure.
The exposed person
Toxins sometimes affect different people in different ways.
This is partly caused by differences in people's bodies.
A person's age, gender, genes, hormones, nutrition, and the strength of their immune system all affect toxicity.
For example, infants, young children, and the elderly are more likely to get sick from lower concentrations of toxins, which might not make a healthy adult sick.
People with health problems
Some health problems can affect toxicity.
For example, inhaling toxins is especially dangerous for people who already have lung diseases, like emphysema.
If the lungs are already damaged, breathing in toxins is likely to cause even more damage, and puts the person at risk for respiratory failure.p.
Also, once a toxin gets into the bloodstream, the body immediately starts trying to get rid of it through excretion.
The main organs involved with excretion are the kidneys, liver, and lungs.
If a person has damage to any of these organs (like kidney failure or cirrhosis of the liver), they will be unable to get rid of the toxin as fast as a healthy person will.
The chemical will stay in their body longer, and have more toxic effects.p.
The type of toxin
Many things about the type of toxin a person was exposed to affect toxicity.
Two examples are solubility and pH.
A toxin's solubility is its ability to mix into a liquid.
If a toxin is not water-soluble (it cannot dissolve in water), it cannot absorb into the bloodstream.
(Plasma, the liquid part of blood, is made mostly of water.)
If a person ingests a toxin that cannot dissolve into the watery plasma, the toxin will not absorb into the bloodstream through the lining of the gastrointestinal tract.
It will pass out of the body through the gastrointestinal tract.pp.
102–103
However, many toxins are water-soluble and will get absorbed into the bloodstream.
For example, the Vibrio cholerae bacteria is water-soluble.
If a person ingests water or food that has this toxin in it, they can get cholera.
Other toxins are "lipid-soluble" (they dissolve in fats).
Instead of getting absorbed into the bloodstream, these toxins get stored in the body's fat.
When the person's body burns fat to make energy, these toxins are let out and can poison the person.
Examples of fat-soluble toxins include lead, DDT, and mercury.
The toxin's pH is also important.
For example, if a toxin is a strong acid or a strong base, it can cause severe chemical burns to the eyes and skin.p.
100  Toxins that have a more neutral pH can still hurt the body by being absorbed into the bloodstream, but they will not burn the eyes and skin.
For example, if a person swims or bathes in water contaminated with cholera toxin, the toxin can still get absorbed through his eyes or skin.
However, the water will not burn the eyes or skin.
A combatant is a person who fights in an armed conflict.
Combatants are protected by parts of the Geneva Convention as long as they obey the rules of war.
A stromule is a microscopic structure found in plant cells.
Stromules (stroma-filled tubules) are highly dynamic structures extending from the surface of all plastids, including chloroplasts.
Protrusions from and interconnections between plastids were seen in 1888  and 1908, and have been described from time to time in the literature since then.
Stromules were recently rediscovered in 1997.
They exist in a number of angiosperm species including Arabidopsis thaliana, wheat, rice and tomato, but their role is not yet fully understood.
Coffin ships transported Irish immigrants to America and other colonies during the Great Irish Famine (1845-1852).
They were the cheapest way to cross the Atlantic but it was a miserable and dangerous journey.
The conditions on board were horrible because the ships were so crowded.
Also, there was little food and water.
There were often diseases on board.
One third (30%) of the passengers died before the arrival in Canada or the USA.
Legend says sharks liked to follow coffin ships because the crew threw the dead bodies overboard.
Marcos Antonio Milinković (born December 22, 1971 in Villa Ballester, Buenos Aires) is an Argentine volleyball player.
Milinković is 203 cm and weighs 100 kg.
He competed in the 1996, 2000 and 2004 Summer Olympics.
FIVB 2007 Profile
Milinkovic Profile at ESPN
Italian League Profile
Interview in volley country
Lauren Felice Collins (born August 29, 1986) is a Canadian actress.
She started acting in 1998.
Between 2001 and 2008, she played Paige Michalchuk on Degrassi: The Next Generation.
She played a Host in 1 Girl 5 Gays.
In 2002, she won a Young Artist Award for her performance in Degrassi: The Next Generation.
Roger Willemsen (15 August 1955 – 7 February 2016) was a German author, essayist and television presenter.
He was born in Bonn, North-Rhine Westphalia.
He began his career in 1991.
In 1994, he starred in his own show Willemsens Woche.
He interviewed many famous people such as Madonna, Jesse Jackson, Audrey Hepburn and Yasser Arafat.
Willemsen died of pancreatic cancer on 7 February 2016 in Wentorf bei Hamburg, Schleswig-Holstein.
William O. Birchfield (December 19, 1935 – February 5, 2016) was an American politician, lawyer, and civic leader in the state of Florida.
He called himself as the "Duke of Mayo".
He was born in Mayo, Florida.
He served in the Florida House of Representatives for the 21st district from 1971 until his resignation in 1974.
Birchfield died in Jacksonville, Florida on February 5, 2016.
Muqtida Hasan Nida Fazli, known as Nida Fazli (‎; 12 October 1938 – 8 February 2016), was an Indian Hindi and Urdu poet.
He was born in Gwalior, British Raj.
He wrote essays critical of poets of the 1960s in his book Mulaqatein.
This book made many poets angry, including Sahir Ludhianvi, Ali Sardar Jafri and Kaifi Azmi.
As a result, he was boycotted in some poetic sessions.
He recently wrote columns for the BBC Hindi website on various contemporary issues and literature.
Fazli died of a heart attack in Mumbai on 8 February 2016.
Sushil Koirala (; 12 August 1939 – 9 February 2016) was a Nepalese politician.
He was the Prime Minister of Nepal from 11 February 2014 to 10 October 2015.
He was also President of the Nepali Congress party beginning in 2010.
Koirala was elected as Prime Minister of Nepal by the parliament on 10 February 2014.
Koirala joined the Nepali Congress in 1952 and served in various roles before becoming its president in 2010.
Koirala was diagnosed with oral cancer in 2006 and lung cancer in July 2014.
He died on 9 February 2016 of pneumonia in Kathmandu.
People from Biratnagar
Roy Lee Rogers, Jr. (born August 19, 1973) is an American retired professional basketball player.
He played in the National Basketball Association (NBA).
He played a total of 137 games in the NBA from 1996 until 2000.
He played for the Vancouver Grizzlies, Boston Celtics, Toronto Raptors, and the Denver Nuggets.
After retiring, Rogers became an assistant coach.
He currently serves as an assistant coach for the Washington Wizards of the NBA.
Rogers played college basketball for the University of Alabama.
He played college basketball with the Crimson Tide from 1992 until 1996.
Rogers was drafted by the Vancouver Grizzlies in the first round with the 22nd overall pick in the 1996 NBA Draft.
He played a total of 82 games and started 50 games with the Grizzlies.
He scored a total of 543 points during his time in Vancouver.
On October 28, 1997, the Grizzlies traded Rogers to the Boston Celtics in exchange for Tony Massenburg and a 2nd-round pick in the 1999 NBA draft.
He only played nine games with the Celtics.
He scored seven points with them.
On February 18, 1998, the Celtics traded Roger along with Chauncey Billups, Dee Brown and John Thomas to the Toronto Raptors in exchange for Kenny Anderson, Popeye Jones and Žan Tabak.
With the Raptors, Rogers played in six games and scored a total of 13 points.
On June 9, 1998, the Raptors traded Rogers along with a two 1st-round picks in the 1998 NBA draft to the Houston Rockets in exchange for Kevin Willis.
Rogers did not play for the Rockets and played most of the 1998 season in Italy.
On January 22, 1999, the Rockets traded Rogers along with a 2nd-round pick in the 2000 NBA draft to the Chicago Bulls in exchange for Scottie Pippen.
Rogers never played a game for the Bulls and they waived him on February 1, 1999.
On October 1, 1999, he signed a contract with the Denver Nuggets.
He played 40 games with them.
He retired from playing professional basketball in 2004.
After retiring, Rogers joined the Brooklyn Nets as an assistant coach in 2013.
He left the next year and joined the Washington Wizards as their assistant coach.
Player file @ NBA.com
College & NBA stats  @ basketballreference.com
Suba is a language spoken by the Suba people of east Africa.
It is almost extinct.
It is a Bantu language believed to have developed from the interactions between the Luo and the Bantu speakers of Lusoga.
These Lusoga migrated from the Baganda kingdom because of a conflict between tribes.
Robin Chandler Duke (born Grace Esther Tippett; October 13, 1923 – February 6, 2016) was an American socialite, journalist, women's rights advocate and diplomat.
She served as the United States Ambassador to Norway from September 12, 2000 until March 1, 2001.
Duke was born in Baltimore, Maryland.
She was married to actor Jeffrey Lynn and later diplomat Angier Biddle Duke until his death in 1995.
Duke died on February 6, 2016 in Charleston, South Carolina.
Problem solving is a mental activity related to intelligence and thinking.
It consists of finding solutions to problems.
A problem is a situation that needs to be changed.
It suggests that the solution is not totally obvious, for then it would not be a problem.
A great deal of human life is spent solving problems.
Social life is based on the notion that together we might solve problems which we could not as individuals.
The word "problem" comes from a Greek word meaning an "obstacle" (something that is in your way).
If someone has a problem, they have to find a way of solving the problem.
The way to solve it is called a solution.
Some problem-solving techniques have been developed and used in artificial intelligence, computer science, engineering, and mathematics.
Some are related to mental problem-solving techniques studied in gestalt psychology, cognitive psychology.
and chess.
Problems can be classified as ill-defined or well-defined.
Ill-defined problems are those that do not have clear goals, solution paths, or expected solution.
An example is how to face threats which might perhaps be made in the future.
Well-defined problems have specific goals, clearly defined solution paths, and clear expected solutions.
These problems also allow for more initial planning than ill-defined problems.
Being able to solve problems involves the ability to understand what the goal of the problem is and what rules could be applied to solving the problem.
Sometimes the problem requires abstract thinking and coming up with a creative solution.
Internet safety is the topic of teaching people how to be safe when using the internet.
It is particularly important when using social media, through which personal information is shared.
you should not share your personal information on the internet,
you should think before you write comments about people - how it could affect them,
you should always tell an adult if there is something that upsets you,
you should not meet someone you have talked to on the internet without an adult.
There are more another ways to secure your devices when surfing through Internet ,You can use a VPN (Virtual Private Network) they are usually more secure then simple , also they help to unlock many websites which are blocked by your service provider , It is usually recommended to use a Paid service rather than using free service.
And an Anti-virus must  have to be in your device if you want a secure surfing.
Onan (, Modern Onan, Tiberian ʼÔnān ; "Strong") is a person in the Bible.
He is in the Book of Genesis, chapter 38.
He was the second son of Judah.
Like his older brother, Er, Onan was killed by Yahweh.
Onan's death was because he was "evil in the sight of the Lord" for being unwilling to father a child by his widowed sister-in-law.
The Bad Aibling rail accident was an accident that happened on the railway line in Bad Aibling in Bavaria, Germany, on 9 February 2016.
Twelve people were killed and many more injured when two trains collided head-on, along a single-track line.
The accident happened on the line between Holzkirchen and Rosenheim, in Bavaria, southeastern Germany.
The whole line only has a single track.
Trains usually cross at stations.
The line is equipped with a security system that functioned normally at the time of the accident.
In addition, it has been equipped with GSM-R, in 2007.
In some places on the line, autonomous block signals are used to secure the track.
The line is controlled by different human controllers.
The control station responsible for the section where the accident happened is in Bad Aibling.
The whole infrastructure had been checked a week before the accident, and was found to be without fault.
One of the trains left Kolbermoor on schedule, and headed towards Holzkirchen, and entered the single track section.
The other train was four minutes late.
The accident happened because of human error.
The person responsible gave the orders to pass by a signal, because he said the signal in question was broken.
That meant that both trains were travelling on the same track, and headed towards each other.
This was not apparent to the train drivers, because there is a long bend in the track, at that position.
The person in charge in Bad Aibling recognised that he had made an error, and issued orders for emergency braking using GSM-R. The first of these was given 36 seconds before the collision.
Because he did not use the correct keys, these orders did not reach the train drivers, but other personnel responsible for securing the line.
The accident happened at nearly 6:47 local time.
Emergency braking was effective only one second before the collision.
The trains were running at 52 and 87 km per hour.
Both train drivers were killed in the accident.
In total, twelve people were killed, and 87 others injured.
800 people were involved  in the rescue.
The rescue was very difficult, because the section of track were the accident happened is badly accessible by road.
There is a steep hill, on one side, and a canal, with no road access on the other side.
2016 in Germany
The Bren is a light machine gun (LMG) that was used by the British military during World War II.
The gun was based on a Czechoslovak gun, the ZB z/26.
The name is a shortening of "Brno-Enfield".
Brno was the city where the earlier z/26 was made, and Enfield was the company that made the Bren.
It was a simple but well-made LMG.
It was well-known for using a curved, top-loading magazine, a carrying handle, and being light enough for one man to carry and use.
It was so popular that even the Japanese made their own LMG based on the Bren, the Type-99 light machine gun.
Big Kap (1970–2016) was a DJ.
He is well known for his album The Tunnel with DJ Funkmaster Flex, which was released in 1999.
He died due to a heart attack on February 3, 2016 in New York.
He was aged 45 at the time of his death.
Black Mountain is a mountain in Kentucky.
It is the highest mountain peak in the Commonwealth of Kentucky, USA.
The height of the summit is .
It is near the Virginia border.
Black bears live on the mountain.
The Spring Awakening Music Festival is an elecronic music festival that has been held at Soldier Field in Chicago, Illinois since 2012.
Its music is, mostly, within the genres of  Progressive house, Electro house, Techno, and Dubstep.
The Main Stage of the Festival is located on the heart of the sports field itself.
Two smaller stages are around the outside of the stadium.
This setup makes for very loud sound that is heard all around the festival.
The festival usually takes place in June.
In 2015, the festival had an age limit  (18+) for theifirst time.
Chicago is city that is well-known for its culture of House Music.
Spring Awakening Music Festival was started in 2012 by the Chicago promotion company React Presents.
With main artists like Skrillex and Afrojack the first year of the Festival received a very large crowd and has been held every year since.
Spring Awakening Music Festival has included DJ sets from famous DJs such as Calvin Harris, Tiesto, Datsik, Excision, Diplo, Dillon Francis, and Hardwell as well as up-and-coming producers such as Bro Safari, Adventure Club, Figure, Zeds Dead, and Borgore.
Over the years, the Festival has grown more and more popular because of the large fan base of Electronic Dance Music in the Chicago-land area.
With people now coming from around the world to attend the Festival, there has been talk that the planners of the Festival might also hold other events outside Chicago.
Spring Awakening Festival
John Caldwell Holt was an American educator and author.
He supported homeschooling and unschooling.
Homeschooling to deschooling
Holt became disappointed with the United States school system after several years of working in it.
He became convinced that improving the school system was not possible, and began to support homeschooling.
Holt believed that children did not need to be pressured into learning.
They would learn naturally if they had a variety of resources, and could follow their own interests.
Holt's Growing Without Schooling, founded in 1977, was the nation's first home education newsletter.
Holt, in his 1964 best-seller How Children Fail (2nd ed 1982), said schooling does more harm than good to a child's desire to truly learn.
The book was followed by How Children Learn, which explained his positive ideas (1967, 2nd ed 1983.
Holt's sole book on homeschooling, Teach Your Own, was published in 1981.
It was revised by his colleague Patrick Farenga and republished in 2003.
In his 1974 book, Escape from Childhood: the needs and rights of children, Holt said that children should have the same independence as adults.
These included the right to work for money, sign contracts and be allowed to vote in elections.
How Children Fail (1964).
How Children Learn (1967).
The Underachieving School (1969)
What Do I Do Monday? (
Freedom and Beyond (1972)
Escape from Childhood (1974)
Instead of Education (1976)
Never too late: my musical life story (1979)
Teach Your Own (1981)
Learning all the Time (1989)
A Life Worth Living (1990)
Holt, J. (1967).
How Children Learn.
New York: Pitman.
Sara al-Drees () or Sara Abd al-Wehab al-Drees () is a Kuwaiti teacher.
She is Kuwait's first political detainee.
Sara al-Drees got a BA in Sociology and Administration from Kuwait University.
She is a writer for Al-Ra'i newspaper in Kuwait.
She is in the Kuwaiti Journalists' Association.
She was the leader of the literary cultural club of Kuwait University from 2010 to 2011.
She wrote three books.
In 2011 she was chosen for a special "nadwa", or workshop for young writers.
The Kuwaiti government arrested her because she made political comments on Twitter.
Al-Drees also worked with the Civil Democratic Movement, a group of political parties against the Muslim Brotherhood.
In 2013, al-Drees got a prison sentence of 20 months for her political comments on Twitter.
In November 2015 she got another arrest warrant for criticizing one of the wives of the Prophet Mohammed on Twitter.
She was in London, but she said she would go back to Kuwait.
William Theodore Katt (born February 16, 1951) is an American actor and voice actor.
He is best known for playing Ralph Hinkley in The Greatest American Hero.
The Greatest American Hero is an American comedy-drama television series.
It was shown for three seasons from 1981 to 1983 on ABC.
It was created by producer Stephen J. Cannell.
It premiered as a two-hour television pilot on March 18, 1981.
The series features William Katt as teacher Ralph Hinkley.
It also starred Robert Culp as FBI agent Bill Maxwell, and Connie Sellecca as lawyer Pam Davidson.
The series chronicles Ralph's adventures after a group of aliens gives him a red suit that gives him superhuman abilities.
Unfortunately for Ralph he loses the instruction booklet, and thus has to learn how to use its powers by trial and error.
Jason Green (better known as Planet Asia; born October 24, 1976) is an American rapper.
He is known for being part of the hip hop duo Cali Agents.
He is also well known for producing many mixtapes.
He was with Interscope Records.
However, he was not promoted like more popular Interscope rappers 50 Cent and Eminem.
A codex (plural codices) is a book-like object with writing on it.
On a codex there are separate pages, whereas a scroll is one continuous long document.
The term is used for book-type objects written by hand, and includes books written on vellum or parchment.
The codex transformed the shape of the book itself.
As an objects, books can last for centuries, and many codices are in the great modern libraries.
The codex was first described by the 1st-century AD Roman poet Martial, who praised it.
The codex was as common as scrolls by about AD 300.
It had completely replaced scrolls in the Greco-Roman world by the 6th century.
Codex Buranus
Chester-le-Street  is an ancient town in the northeast of England.
It is in County Durham.
Where it stands was a Roman fort called Concangis.
This is the 'Chester' (from the Latin castra) of the town's name. '
Street' refers to the paved Roman road that ran north-south through the town.
It is now called Front Street (shown at right).
Chester-le-Street is  south of Newcastle upon Tyne and  west of Sunderland.
It is on the River Wear.
The parish church of St Mary and St Cuthbert is where the body of St Cuthbert lay for 112 years.
Then it was taken to Durham Cathedral.
The church is the site of the first translation of the Gospels into English.
There Aldred wrote the Old English gloss between the lines of the Lindisfarne Gospels.
This place is a market town.
Markets are held on Tuesdays, Fridays and Saturdays.
Until 2009 the town had its own local government district.
The status of the town has been changed several times by local government regulations.
The changes were controversial at the time.
The Cumberland Mountains are a mountain range in the southeastern part of the Appalachian Mountains.
They run from  northern Tennessee to West Virginia.
They include parts of western Virginia and eastern Kentucky.
Their highest peak, with an elevation of  above sea level, is High Knob near Norton, Virginia.
According to the United States Geological Survey, the Cumberland Mountain range is  long and  wide.
It is bounded by the Russell Fork on the northeast, the Pound River and Powell River on the southeast, Cove Creek on the southwest, and Tackett Creek, the Cumberland River, Poor Fork Cumberland River, and Elkhorn Creek on the northwest.
It forms the part of the boundary between Kentucky and Virginia.
The Cumberland Mountains were named for England's Duke of Cumberland.
There are many limestone caves on the Virginia side.
The Cumberland Gap is a narrow pass through the Cumberland Mountains.
It is a part of the Appalachian Mountains.
It is near the junction of the U.S. states of Kentucky, Virginia, and Tennessee.
First used by Native Americans, it was famous during American colonial history as an important path through the lower Appalachians.
In 1775 the trail was started by Daniel Boone.
Over the next 35 years, over 300,000 Settlers used it to get to the western borders of Kentucky and Tennessee.
It was an important part of the Wilderness Road.
It is now part of the Cumberland Gap National Historical Park.
Matricide is the act of killing one's mother.
In the case of teenage daughters, it is often for one of two reasons.
Either the daughter "snapped" (suddenly lost her temper) after suffering abuse or became an abuser herself.
Few studies have been done to discover why children commit parricide, matricide or patricide.
Known or suspected matricides
Amastris, queen of Heraclea, was drowned by her two sons in 284 BC.
Cleopatra III of Egypt was assassinated in 101 BC by order of her son, Ptolemy X, for her conspiracy.
Ptolemy XI of Egypt had his wife, Berenice III, murdered shortly after their wedding in 80 BC.
She was also his stepmother, or perhaps his mother.
In AD 59, the Roman Emperor Nero is said to have ordered the murder of his mother Agrippina the Younger, supposedly because she was conspiring against him.
Mary Ann Lamb, the mentally ill sister of essayist Charles Lamb, killed their invalid mother during an episode of mania in 1796.
Sidney Harry Fox, a British man, hanged in 1930 for killing his mother to gain from her insurance.
Battle of Okinawa, 1945: There are accounts in which Okinawan civilians killed their mothers to prevent them from being captured, raped, tortured, and/or killed by the invading American forces.
The Parker–Hulme murder case of 1954.
This case was chronicled in the 1994 film Heavenly Creatures.
Jack Gilbert Graham killed his mother along with 44 people by planting a dynamite bomb in his mother's suitcase, that was subsequently loaded aboard United Airlines Flight 629 in 1955.
Charles Whitman killed his mother and wife before going on his killing spree at the University of Texas at Austin that killed 14 people and wounded 31 others, as part of a shooting rampage from the observation deck of the University's 32-story administrative building on August 1, 1966.
He was eventually shot and killed by Austin police.
John Emil List murdered his mother, wife and his three children on November 9, 1971, making List also guilty of filicide and uxoricide.
He was a fugitive for 18 years.
He was apprehended on June 1, 1989 after an episode of "America's Most Wanted" aired.
On May 1, 1990 he was sentenced to 5 life terms in prison.
Antony Baekeland murdered his mother, Barbara Daly Baekeland on November 11, 1972, at their luxurious London apartment.
She had allegedly forced him to have sex with her, in order to "cure" his homosexuality.
Savage Grace is a book and a movie based on this event.
Serial killer Edmund Kemper beat his mother to death in 1973, along with one of his mother's friends before turning himself in to the police.
He had previously committed half-a-dozen sex-murders.
Kemper had been psychologically abused by his domineering mother in his youth.
Ronald DeFeo, Jr. killed his parents and his four siblings in what would later become known as "The Amityville Horror House" (1974)
Bradford Bishop bludgeoned his mother, spouse and three children to death in 1976.
He was indicted for murders and remains at large.
Jim Gordon, a session musician who played drums with Eric Clapton band Derek and the Dominoes bludgeoned his mother with a hammer and then stabbed her to death with a butcher's knife in 1983.
In May 1984 he was sentenced to sixteen years to life in prison.
Susan Cabot, 1950s actress, was beaten to death in 1986 at her Hollywood home by her son Timothy Roman.
He was convicted of involuntary manslaughter.
Lyle and Erik Menendez were convicted during a highly publicized trial in July 1996 for the shotgun killings of their parents in 1989.
Brett Reider, a 15-year-old boy in Omaha, Nebraska, stabbed his mother to death during a dispute in 1993.
He was convicted of second degree murder and sentenced as an adult to 11–20 years.
In 1996, his older sister, Alissa Reider made an HBO documentary: "Brett Killed Mom: a sister's diary", claiming both of them suffered years of constant verbal and physical abuse from their mother.
Brett was released in 1999.
Aaron Brown, Indiana resident who at the age of 16 sat in wait with a shotgun until his parents came home one night, and as his mom walked through the door, he blasted her with the shotgun.
He shot at his stepfather and missed, but eventually gunned him down.
These crimes were committed in 1994.
He is currently serving two life sentences at The Indiana State Prison in Michigan City, Indiana.
Luke Woodham, Mississippi resident who killed his mother in June 1997 before killing two more and wounding seven others in the Pearl High School shooting.
Currently serving a life sentence at the Mississippi State Penitentiary.
Kip Kinkel (1982– ), an Oregon boy who was convicted of killing both parents as well as killing two students at his school on May 20, 1998.
Dr. I. Kathleen Hagen, a prominent urologist, killed her mother and her father in August 2000 and was acquitted on the grounds of insanity.
Yukio Yamaji, a 16-year-old living in Japan, killed his mother in 2000.
After his release, he raped and murdered a woman and her sister in 2005.
He was executed by hanging in 2009.
Dipendra of Nepal (1971–2001) reportedly massacred much of his family at a royal dinner on June 1, 2001, including his mother Queen Aiswarya, father, brother, and sister.
Nathan Ybanez, a 16-year-old Colorado boy, murdered his mother Julie Ybanez in June of 1998.
Erika di Nardo killed her mother and brother in 2001.
See Novi Ligure Murder
Sef Gonzales, an Australian man who killed his father, mother and sister in 2001.
Linda Andersen (January 18, 2003) murdered by her two daughters.
Sarah Marie Johnson (1987– ), an Idaho girl who was convicted of killing both parents on the morning of September 2, 2003.
Noura Jackson was wrongfully convicted of killing her mother who was found dead with more than 50 stab wounds on June 5, 2005.
The Tennessee Supreme Court overturned this verdict on the basis of prosecutorial misconduct.
Prosecutor Amy Weirich withheld evidence that would have freed her.
Jasmiyah Kaneesha Whitehead (b. November 27, 1993) and Tasmiyah Janeesha Whitehead (b. November 27, 1993) are identical twins who were convicted in 2014 for the murder of Nikki Whitehead (their mother).
Joseph Nerone confessed to killing his mother by stabbing her multiple times on April 2, 2012.
Adam Lanza in the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting shot and killed his mother along with 20 children, 6 other adults and then himself on December 14, 2012.
Kvissel murder, October 2014: Danish 15-year-old Lisa Borch and her 29-year-old Iraqi boyfriend Bakhtiar Mohammed Abdullah were convicted of murdering her mother in her sleep
Vertical transmission (also called mother-to-child transmission, or MTCT) means that an infection is spread from a mother to her fetus during pregnancy or childbirth.
Vertically transmitted infections are usually caused by bacteria or viruses.
Here are some examples of infections that can be vertically transmitted.
Sexually transmitted infections
Many (but not all) sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can be vertically transmitted.
STIs that can be spread from mother to fetus include:
HIV (the virus that causes AIDS)
Syphilis can cause miscarriage, stillbirths, infant death, and problems with many different organs in infants who do survive
If it is not treated, chlamydia can cause premature birth, low birth weight, and infections in the baby's lungs and eyes
Herpes simplex virus
This virus is easily spread if the mother is first infected late in her pregnancy, or has herpes blisters on her genitals during childbirth
If untreated, gonorrhea can cause miscarriage, premature birth, infections in the fluid that surrounds the fetus in the womb, and serious eye infections once the baby is born
HPV is most likely to spread during childbirth if the mother has genital warts during childbirth
Almost every type of hepatitis can be vertically transmitted.
Hepatitis C, D, and E can be spread during pregnancy or childbirth.
Hepatitis B cannot be spread during pregnancy.
However, it can be spread during childbirth if the infant touches its mother's blood or other body fluids.
Group B streptococcal infection
In developed countries, Group B streptococcal infection is the most common cause of bacterial infections in newborns.
It can cause infections that are very dangerous to newborns, like meningitis, septicaemia, and pneumonia.
These infections can kill a newborn or cause serious long-term health problems.
This disease is caused by a parasite.
It can cause miscarriage and stillbirth.
In newborns, it can cause intellectual disability and problems with the central nervous system
Especially if the mother gets chickenpox in the first 7 months of her pregnancy, chickenpox can cause birth defects
Especially if the mother gets rubella early in her pregnancy, rubella can cause deafness, heart problems, intellectual disability, and many other problems in her baby
This infection is usually spread by contaminated food and dairy products.
It can cause miscarriage, stillbirth, premature birth, and infections of the central nervous system in newborns
Scientists think Zika fever causes microcephaly (a smaller head than usual) in newborns
How these infections spread
Through the placenta
The placenta surrounds and protects the fetus during pregnancy.
It keeps the mother's blood from mixing with the fetus's.
However, some infections can cross the placenta and infect the fetus.
This is called perinatal infection.
These infections are especially dangerous because they affect the fetus while it is still developing.
This is why many vertically transmitted infections are most dangerous to the fetus early on in a pregnancy.
All of the fetus's important organs start to grow by the time the fetus is nine weeks old, and they grow the most early on in the pregnancy.
If the fetus gets an infection while important parts of its body are developing, the infection can cause problems in the way those parts of the body grow.
These infections are also dangerous because a fetus does not have an immune system of its own.
It depends on its mother's immune system.
If the mother has an infection that has not been treated, and her immune system cannot fight off the infection, the fetus will not be able to fight off the infection either.
During childbirth
During pregnancy, the placenta protects the fetus from its mother's blood.
However, during childbirth, the placenta stays in the womb while the baby travels through the birth canal.
While it is being born, the mother's blood and other body fluids get on the baby, and the baby also touches its mother's genitals.
Because of this, infections that are carried in the blood, in body fluids, or in sores on the mother's genitals can infect the baby.
Infections are usually more dangerous for newborns and infants than for adults.
This is because it takes about six months for an infant's immune system to develop completely.
Until the infant's immune system is fully grown, it will not be able to fight off infections as well as an adult could.
Some vertically transmitted infections can be prevented if the mother gets vaccines before getting pregnant.
These infections include HPV, chickenpox, measles, and rubella.
However, while these vaccines are common in developed countries, many people in developing countries do not have good medical care and cannot get vaccines.
Before getting pregnant, a woman should get tested for chlamydia, gonorrhea, HIV, and other sexually transmitted infections
A woman's doctor should teach her how to eat safely to prevent getting listeriosis or toxoplasmosis
To avoid getting toxoplasmosis, pregnant women should not clean cat litter boxes and should wear gloves when gardening (the parasite that causes toxoplasmosis can be spread through cat feces)
The mother takes HIV medications during pregnancy
The infant gets HIV medications for 4–6 weeks after being born
The mother does not breastfeed her baby (HIV can spread through breast milk)
Congenital disability
This list of earthquakes in Azerbaijan, is a list of notable earthquakes that have affected areas within the current boundaries of Azerbaijan.
VX is a type of chemical weapon called a nerve agent.
It is a very toxic chemical.
Because it is so toxic, it cannot be used as anything other than a chemical weapon.
The United Nations classifies VX as a weapon of mass destruction.
VX is the most toxic nerve agent ever created.
The Council on Foreign Relations says: "A fraction of a drop of VX, absorbed through the skin, can fatally disrupt the nervous system."
The Chemical Weapons Convention of 1993, an international law, made it illegal for countries to use chemical weapons like VX.
It also made it illegal to make or keep more than 100 grams of VX.
It allows some scientists to make and use amounts under 100 grams only if they are trying to create an antidote, or doing medical research.
VX is one of the "V-series nerve agents" which were made in the 1950s by the United Kingdom's military researchers.
Nobody agrees on why these nerve agents are called "V-series."
Different people say the "V" stands for "Victory" or "Venomous" (poisonous), or "Viscous" (thick liquid).
VX as a weapon
VX is a liquid that cannot be smelled or tasted.
It is a thick liquid with the texture of motor oil.
As a weapon, it can be used as a liquid or an aerosol.
It could be spread by air, through water, or through food.
Making VX is difficult and very dangerous.
Many toxic and dangerous chemicals are used in the process.
VX works the same way other nerve agents do.
It blocks nerve signals from getting from the brain to the body.
Normally, a neurotransmitter (chemical messenger) called acetylcholine tells the body's muscles to tighten up when they need to.
When it is time for the muscles to relax, an enzyme called acetylcholinesterase destroys acetylcholine, so the muscles stop getting the signal to relax.
VX blocks acetylcholinesterase.
Acetylcholine builds up, because it is not getting destroyed by acetylcholinesterase.
The muscles get tighter and tighter, because the extra acetylcholine keeps telling them to.
The extra acetylcholine also signals the parasympathetic nervous system to work extra hard.
These changes in the body cause the signs and symptoms of VX poisoning.
The earliest symptoms of VX poisoning depend on how a person was exposed to VX.
If VX got on a person's skin, their first symptoms might be sweating or twitching muscles near where the VX was.
If the person breathed in VX, their first symptoms might be a runny nose and trouble breathing, caused by the bronchi (the tubes that bring air to the lungs) getting narrower.
All nerve agents have the same symptoms, because they work the same way.
They make the parasympathetic nervous system work too hard.
They also keep signals from the brain from getting through to the body, so the brain cannot tell the muscles to relax.
This causes a group of unique symptoms:
The person's nose will run, tears will come out of their eyes, and they will drool because their body is making so much extra saliva (spit)
As the brain loses control over the body's muscles, the person will not be able to stop themselves from urinating and defecating
The person will have nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain
The person's heart rate will be slow
The bronchi will get narrower, causing trouble breathing
The body will make a lot of extra mucus, which can build up in the lungs and make breathing even harder
People with VX poisoning can have seizures and go into status epilepticus.
They can die because their breathing muscles get so tight that they do not work.
If a person got VX on their skin, the first step is to wash away the VX with bleach and water.
This is called decontamination.
Removing clothing that the VX touched is also part of decontamination.p.30
There are antidotes for nerve agent poisoning.
They have to be given together.
Atropine keeps extra acetylcholine from having any more effects on the body
Pralidoxime (2-PAM) reverses the effects of VX.
It does this by attaching to the VX in the body.
With pralidoxime attached to it, VX cannot keep blocking acetylcholinesterase.
Acetylcholinesterase starts working again, and can destroy the extra acetylcholine that has built up in the body.
However, nerve agents like VX work very quickly.
Antidotes usually have to be given within a few minutes after a person was exposed to VX.
If pralidoxime is not given soon enough, it cannot reverse VX's effects.p.6
Usually, a sedative like diazepam (Valium) is also given.
This will help the body's muscles relax, and can prevent seizures.
Central Zazaki (in Zaza language: Zazakiyê Merkezi or Zazakiyê Miyani; means Middle Zazaki) is one of three main dialects of the Zazaki language.
This is spoken by the Zaza people in central parts of Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey.
Central Zazaki is spoken by over 1 million people in the eastern cities of Turkey, such as Elazığ, north of Diyarbakır, west of Bingöl and east of Malatya.
Mawlif of the Nebi (in Zazaki language: Mewlıdê Nebi, or in modern Zazaki, Biyayışê Peyğamberi) is the first book written in the Zazaki language.
It was written by Ahmed el-Hasi in Diyarbakır in 1899 and was published on March 25, 1899.
The book is a religious book and includes stories about the birth of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
The title of the book means "Birth of the Prophet".
It was originally written in the Ottoman Turkish alphabet, which uses the Arabic script.
Zazaki turned to using the Latin script in 1928 and the Mawlid was rewritten in this writing system, using the Zazaki alphabet.
Me and My Gang is the fourth studio album by American country music duo Rascal Flatts.
The album was released on April 4, 2006, through Lyric Street Records.
It debuted as No.
1 on Billboard 200.
It held that position for three weeks.
Me and My Gang had the highest sales of any album in 2006.
RIAA certified it as five times platinum.
On April 25, 2007, Rascal Flatts performed "My Wish" on American Idol as part of fundraising for charities.
The campaign was named Idol Gives Back.
Unincorporated communities in Missouri
Portland is an unincorporated community in Callaway County, Missouri, United States.
It is located at  (38.710161,-91.717166) on Route 94 about twenty miles northeast of Jefferson City.
The village was laid out in 1831.
Its location on the Missouri River made it a popular shipping point for the farms and plantations of Callaway County.
The name Portland stems from that activity.
A post office called Toledo was established in 1887.
It operated until 1905.
Toledo is an unincorporated community in Ozark County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.
Fulton (surname), including list of people with the surname
Fulton, Ontario, a community in West Lincoln, Ontario
Fulton, Indiana
Fulton, Maryland
Fulton, Michigan
Fulton, Minneapolis, Minnesota
Fulton, New York,
Fulton, Ohio
Fulton, South Dakota
Fulton, Texas
George W. Fulton Mansion
Fulton, Tennessee
Fulton, Wisconsin, a town
Fulton (community), Wisconsin, an unincorporated community
Fulton Ferry
Fulton Township
Songül Öden (born 1979 in Diyarbakır) is a Turkish actress.
She is famous for her role as Gümüş Şadoğlu in Turkish series Gümüş.
She graduated in theatre from the University of Ankara.
She is an ethnic Zaza.
Fulton is a town in Missouri, United States.
It is the county seat of Callaway County.
The population was 12,790 in the 2010 census.
Fulton Area Chamber of Commerce
Fulton, Missouri tourism site
Callaway County is a county located in the U.S. state of Missouri.
In the 2010 U.S. Census, the county's population was 44,332.
It is named for Captain James Callaway, grandson of Daniel Boone.
Callaway County official website
1820 establishments in Missouri Territory
The Kansas City metropolitan area surrounds the city of Kansas City, Missouri.
It includes 15 counties in both Missouri and Kansas.
With a population of 2.34 million people, it is the second largest metropolitan area in Missouri behind Greater St. Louis.
However, the Kansas city metropolitan area is currently showing a 3.1 percent growth rate.
The St. Louis metropolitan area is only growing at a rate of .7 percent.
A choking agent, also called a pulmonary agent, is a type of chemical weapon.
Choking agents make fluid build up in the lungs, and can cause suffocation.
The most common examples of choking agents are chlorine and phosgene.
There are others, but they are not often used.
Phosgene can be a liquid or a gas.
As a gas, it is heavier than air, so it can stay near the ground (where people can breathe it in for long periods of time.
It smells like freshly cut grass or moldy hay.
Along with being a choking agent, phosgene is also a blood agent.
This means it keeps oxygen from getting into the body's cells.
Without oxygen, a person's cells will die, and the person will suffocate.
Phosgene usually does not cause its worst effects right away.
The worst symptoms do not happen until 12 hours after a person breathed in phosgene.
The person usually dies within 24 to 48 hours.
Chlorine is naturally a gas, but it can be made into a liquid or a solid.
Chlorine is used to make many different things, like plastics, and is used to clean swimming pools.
Chlorine gas is very dangerous if it is inhaled.
Chlorine can react with water in the lungs to make hydrochloric acid.
This is a very strong acid which can burn the lungs so badly that a person dies.
Burning in the throat
Use in World War I
Phosgene and chlorine gas were both used as weapons during World War I.  Chlorine was used first.
It was the first chemical weapon that was used during the war to try to kill enemy soldiers.
(Before this, countries like France and Germany had used tear gas, which is not meant to kill people.)
Chlorine was used as a weapon for the first time by the German Army around January 1915, against the British Army.
At the time, German Major Karl von Zingler wrote: "[I]t has been said that our Chlorine is very effective.
140 English officers have been killed.
This is a horrible weapon ...".
About four months later, the German Army used chlorine gas for the first time against French and Algerian soldiers.
These soldiers did not know about this new weapon, and they panicked and tried to run away.
However, running makes chlorine's effects worse.
In a few minutes, the gas killed more than 1,000 French and Algerian soldiers, and injured more than 4,000 others.
One soldier who survived said:
[I watched] figures running wildly in confusion over the fields.
Greenish-gray clouds swept down upon them, turning yellow as they traveled over the country blasting everything they touched and shriveling up the [plants]. . . .
Then there staggered into our midst French soldiers, blinded, coughing, chests heaving, faces an ugly purple color, lips speechless with agony, and behind them in the gas soaked trenches, we learned that they had left hundreds of dead and dying comrades.
The German Army used chlorine gas as a weapon many more times, against French, Canadian, and Russian soldiers.
In one attack on Russian soldiers in Poland, 9,000 Russian soldiers were injured by the gas, and more than 1,000 were killed.
However, soon soldiers learned that the effects of chlorine were not as bad if they stayed still, got as high off the ground as possible, and used a damp cloth to cover their mouths and faces.
Because chlorine gas is green, soldiers could see the chlorine coming and would have time to protect themselves.
This made chlorine gas less deadly, and both sides soon switched to using phosgene.
Use after World War I
In 2007, Iraqi insurgents used chlorine bombs to attack soldiers and civilians.
Over 350 people got sick from the first attack.
In two other attacks, more than 30 people died in each attack.
It was first defined and used in physics (in particular in statistical mechanics) for describing particle speeds in idealized gases.
In an idealized gas the particles move freely inside a stationary container without interacting with one another, most of the time.
Sometimes they collide and exchange energy and momentum with each other or with their thermal environment.
Particle in this context refers to gaseous particles (atoms or molecules), and the system of particles is assumed to have reached thermodynamic equilibrium.