the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
It is the third largest city in Catalonia and the twenty-third in Spain.
It became a city in 1897.
Giuliana Chenal-Minuzzo (née Minuzzo, 26 November 1931 – 11 November 2020) was an Italian alpine skier.
She was born in Vallonara di Marostica, Italy.
Giuliana Chenal-Minuzzo at Olympedia
Abdulkadir Balarabe Musa (21 August 1936 – 11 November 2020) was a Nigerian politician.
He was elected Governor of Kaduna State, Nigeria during the Nigerian Second Republic, holding office from October 1979 until he was impeached on 23 June 1981.
Gonçalo Pereira Ribeiro Telles (24 May 1922 – 11 November 2020) was a Portuguese politician and landscape architect.
He was born in Lisbon, Portugal.
He was the Minister for Quality of Life from 1981 to 1983 during the António Ramalho Eanes presidency.
He was the founder of the political parties People's Monarchist Party and Movimento Partido da Terra.
biographical profile of Ribeiro Telles on monarchist website Realistas (Royalists) (Portuguese).
He refereed the 1982 World Cup semifinal between Germany and France in Seville, Spain.
Corver was referee at two World Cups and two European championships.
He refereed four European Cup finals, ten semifinals and a final World Cup for clubs in Argentina.
He was the third son of the cricketer Colin Cowdrey.
He was born in Farnborough in 1964 and educated at Wellesley House and Tonbridge School.
Dino Da Costa (; 1 August 1931 – 10 November 2020) was a Brazilian-born Italian professional footballer.
He played as a central midfielder and striker.
He made one appearance for the Italian national team in 1958.
From 1948 to 1955, he made 51 appearances for Botafogo de Futebol e Regatas.
Ghasem Amir Yavarkandi (; 5 December 1931 – 10 November 2020), also known as Amir Yavari, was an Iranian professional boxer.
He was a member of the senior national boxing team.
Yavari joined the "Niroo va Rasti" (; Power and Virtue) Club in 1947 at the age of sixteen.
Yavari was selected as Iranian captain during the 1960 Summer Olympics, where he competed in the welterweight division.
Sven Justus Fredrik Wollter (11 January 1934 – 10 November 2020) was a Swedish actor, writer, and political activist.
He was awarded Best Swedish actor twice.
He was known for his role as Madame Flod's son Gusten in Swedish Television's version of The People of Hemsö by August Strindberg in 1966.
He  played Detective Sergeant Lennart Kollberg in Bo Widerberg's movie The Man on the Roof.
He played Victor in The Sacrifice by Andrei Tarkovsky.
Wollter died on 10 November 2020 in Luleå, Sweden from COVID-19 during the pandemic at the age of 86.
He was also suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Renzo Gattegna (1939 – 10 November 2020) was an Italian lawyer and politician.
Gattegna was the President of the Union of Italian Jewish Communities.
He was elected on 16 July 2006.
Oleksiy Shevchuk (born July 13, 1985; Kyiv) is a Ukrainian criminal defense lawyer, journalist and TV-host.
Best known for his participation in political trials related to the criminal prosecution of the top politicians and entrepreneurs, such as Kyiv mayor Vitaliy Klitchko, an oligarch Oleksandr Onyshchenko and a tycoon Oleg Bakhmatyuk.
Vladimir Găitan (; 2 February 1947 – 10 November 2020) was a Romanian actor.
He appeared in more than forty movies beginning in 1968.
He was born in Suceava, Romania.
He was best known for his roles in The Reenactment, Pe Aici Nu Se Trece, Accident, Uncle Marin, the Billionaire, Mihail, câine de circ, Last Night of Love, Mircea and The Man of the Day.
It is located near the capital city of Navarra.
It is home to 13,373 people.
Ayuntamiento de Zizur Mayor / Zizur Nagusia
ZIZUR MAYOR / ZIZUR NAGUSIA in the Bernardo Estornés Lasa - Auñamendi Encyclopedia (Euskomedia Fundazioa)
The Orthodox Church of Ukraine or OCU (Ukrainian: Православна церква України) is an independent Eastern Orthodox Church established by Constantinople metropolitan in 2018.
Its canonical territory is Ukraine.
The Church was founded at the Unification Council (Sobor) in Kyiv on 15 December 2018.
It was granted a decree of independence by the Patriarchate of Constantinople in Istanbul on 5 January 2019.
The Unification Council of the Orthodox Church of Ukraine elected Epiphanius I of Ukraine – as the Metropolitan of Kyiv and all Ukraine.
The Orthodox Church of Ukraine is guided by the Holy Scriptures and the Holy Tradition, the canons of the Orthodox Church.
Orthodox Christians of Ukraine are members of the OCU, regardless of their origin.
Since, according to Tomos (decree of independence), the borders of the canonical territory of the OCU are determined by the borders of the Ukrainian state.
Orthodox Ukrainians abroad are subject to the jurisdiction of the Patriarchate of Constantinople.
The main church of the Orthodox Church of Ukraine is St. Michael's Golden-Domed Cathedral in Kyiv.
The church appeared in 988 but due to historical reasons it's independence was interrupted in 17-18 century by Moscow Principality.
OCU was finally reestablished as an independent church on January 6, 2019.
Constantinople (Ecumenical Patriarchate)
Patriarchate of Alexandria
Church of Greece
Church of Cyprus
Luis Ibero Elia (11 July 1949 – 10 November 2020) was a Spanish politician.
He was Mayor of Zizur Mayor between 1992 to 1995.
Ibero was President of the Commonwealth of Pamplona 2003 until 2007.
He was a member of the Convergence of Democrats of Navarre.
Ibero was born in Pamplona, Spain.
He has played for Valencia, Real Madrid, and the Spanish national team.
Valencia CF biography
Igor Borisovich Moskvin (; 30 August 1929 – 10 November 2020) was a Russian figure skating coach and competitor.
He represented the Soviet Union in pair skating with his partner Maya Belenkaya.
He became a three-time Soviet national champion from 1952 to 1954.
He was an Honoured Master of Sports of the USSR and Honored Coach of the USSR.
He was born in Bezhitsa, Bryansk Oblast.
Maya Petrovna Belenkaya (; born 1 May 1931) is a former Soviet figure skater.
With her partner Igor Moskvin, she became a three-time Soviet national champion from 1952 to 1954.
In 1956, Belenkaya/Moskvin were sent to their first and only European Championships and finished 11th at the event in Paris.
She was born in Saint Petersburg, Russia.
Isidro Pedraza Chávez (15 May 1959 – 10 November 2020) was a Mexican politician.
He was a member of the PRD.
He was the Senator from Hidalgo from 2012 to 2015.
He also was a member of the Chamber of Deputies from 2006 to 2009.
He was born in Jacala, Higalgo.
Mahadeepak Singh Shakya (25 July 1922 – 10 November 2020) was an Indian politician.
He was a member of Lok Sabha for six terms from Etah in Uttar Pradesh from 1977 to 1998.
He was a leader of Bharatiya Janata Party.
Bone marrow failure happens when people who produce a low amount of red blood cells, white blood cells or platelets.
Red blood cells transport oxygen to be spread throughout the body’s tissue.
White blood cells fight off infections that enter the body.
Jacques Glowinski (30 August 1936 – 5 November 2020) was a French pharmacist and biology researcher.
His works focused on neurobiology and neuropharmacology.
He was known as one of the founding fathers in France.
He was a professor at the Collège de France.
He was a member of the French Academy of sciences from 1992 until his death.
Datuk Mohammed Bakar (or Mohamad Bakar) (25 June 1945 – 8 November 2020) was a Malaysian footballer.
He was born in Bagan Ajam.
From 1965 to 1977, he played for Penang FA.
From 1970 to 1975, he played for the national team.
From 1985 to 1986, he managed the national team.
La Mosca Tsé – Tsé or simply La Mosca (in English: "The Tsetse Fly") is an Argentine rock fusion band.
Thier music was generally ska, cumbia, merengue, salsa and pop rock.
Theresa Stewart (24 August 1930 – 11 November 2020) was an English Labour Party politician.
She was the first female leader of Birmingham City Council.
She was elected to the position in October 1993 and lost re-election in May 1999.
Irvin Lee Baxter Jr. (July 8, 1945 – November 3, 2020) was an American Oneness Pentecostal minister, televangelist, author, and biblical scholar.
He hosted the biblical prophecy television program, End of The Age, and, who also was the founder and president of Endtime Ministries.
He was a pastor of the Oak Park Church (UPCI).
Asif Basra (27 July 1967 – 12 November 2020) was an Indian actor.
He was best known for his role as Puro in the American comedy movie Outsourced (2006).
He was born in Amravati, Maharashtra.
His career began in 1998.
Surendra Singh Jeena (8 December 1969 – 12 November 2020) was an Indian politician.
He was member of the Bharatiya Janata Party.
Jeena was a member of the Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly from 2007 until his death.
Leonid Vasilyevich Potapov (; 4 July 1935 – 12 November 2020) was a Russian politician.
He was the President of the Buryat Republic in Russia from August 1991 to July 2007.
He was born in Uakit, Soviet Union.
Potapov was a member of the Communist Party.
Krasnodar Rora (23 March 1945 – 12 November 2020) was a Yugoslav-Croatian professional football player and manager.
He played five times for the Yugoslavia national football team from 1967 to 1968.
He managed Radnik Velika Gorica, Šibenik and HAŠK Zagreb.
Profile on Serbian FA official website
Edward Flak (13 May 1948 – 11 November 2020) was a Polish lawyer and politician.
He was born in Wrocław, Poland.
He was Mayor of Olesno from 1990 to 1994 and again from 1998 to 2006.
He was also a member of the Sejm from 1992 to 1993.
Flak was a member of the German Minority Electoral Committee.
Iggy Koopa is a fictional character from the Mario Bros video games.
He is one of Bowser the turtle king's seven children.
Iggy Koopa uses machines, like the Koopa Clown Car.
He first appeared as boss in Super Mario Bros 3 along with the other koopalings.
Nelly Kaplan (11 April 1931 – 12 November 2020) was an Argentine-born French movie director and screenwriter.
She was born in Buenos Aires, but moved to Paris in the 1950s.
She produced the 1960 movie Austerlitz.
Her best known directed work was A Very Curious Girl.
Olesno  () is a town in Opole Voivodship, Poland about  north-east of the city of Opole.
Thus, Puerto Rican poetry is considered part of American poetry because the island is a United States territory.
Puerto Rican poetry is also considered part of Caribbean poetry and Latin American poetry due to the islands location in the Caribbean, and its cultural and linguistic ties to the region.
Puerto Rican poetry is often written in Spanish.
However, Puerto Rican poets also use English and Spanish  within the same poem.
Sometimes poets mix Spanish and English words into Spanglish expressions.
Themes include: personal identity, cultural heritage, oppression, discrimination, racism, sexism, and Puerto Rican politics.
Poems about the island often use images of oceans, rivers, beaches, local foods, and family traditions.
However, Puerto Ricans poets who move to the mainland USA write about city streets, crowds, and the pressures of urban life.
Poems about Puerto Rico
"Río Grande de Loíza" by Julia de Burgos explores the island's history of slavery and American imperialism.
The poem expresses the pain and violence suffered by native islanders and African slaves along the river.
"Soy boricua" by Giannina Braschi expresses the philosophical dilemma of Puerto Rico's political status a colony of the United States.
“I, Too, Am Black” is a spoken word poem  by Caridad de la Luz “La Bruja” on Puerto Rican identity and race.
The poem was inspired by Langston Hughes
"Puerto Rico" is a poem written in Spanish and English by Victor Hernández Cruz.
It deals with the landscape, the traditions, and the politics of being a United States territory.
"Puerto Rican Obituary" by Pedro Pietri expresses the sorrow and suffering of Puerto Rican immigrants who move to big cities such as New York.
Puerto Rican poets
Tato Laviera
Luis Pales Matos
Pedro Pietri
Breaking Ground: Anthology of Puerto Rican Women Writers in New York 1980- 2012 (Abriendo caminos: antología de escritoras puertorriqueñas en Nueva York 1980- 2012), edited by Myrna Nieves.
Defending Their Own in the Cold: The Cultural Turns of U.S. by Marc Zimmerman.
Metropolitan Epiphanius of Kyiv and All Ukraine was born with the name Serhii Dumenko.
He was born on February 3, 1979.
He is the head of the Orthodox Church of Ukraine (OCU).
He is Metropolitan of Kyiv and All Ukraine.
Serhii Dumenko was born on February 3, 1979 in Odesa Oblast, Ukraine.
He lived in Chernivtsi Oblast when he was young.
In 1999, he graduated from the Kyiv Theological Seminary.
Then he entered the Kyiv Theological Academy.
He graduated with a doctor of theology degree in 2003.
Ali Fazal (pronounced ; born 15 October 1986) is an Indian actor and model.
He made his acting debut with a small role in the English language movie The Other End of the Line (2008).
He then acted in the American television miniseries Bollywood Hero (2009).
Fazal made his Bollywood debut with a special appearance in 3 Idiots (2009).
He then acted in Always Kabhi Kabhi (2011).
His first success was in Fukrey (2013).
He then acted in supporting roles in movies like Baat Ban Gayi (2013), Bobby Jasoos (2014) and Sonali Cable (2014).
He played the main role in the horror movie Khamoshiyan (2015).
He then acted in his first American movie Furious 7 (2015).
He also played a role in Happy Bhag Jayegi with Diana Penty in 2016.
Fazal acted in the British-American movie Victoria & Abdul.
The movie portrays the relationship of Queen Victoria (Judi Dench) and her confidant, Indian servant Abdul Karim (Fazal).
The movie premiered at the Venice Film Festival in 2017.
The costumes worn by the main actors in the film have been added as part of the official display at Osborne House.
In 2018, he played Guddu Pandit in Mirzapur.
In 2020 he continued his role of Guddu Pandit in Mirzapur season 2.
Fazal was born in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Fazal's family is from Allahbad.
His father worked in a firm in the Middle East.
His parents separated when he was a child.
From then on, he grew up in his maternal grandparents' home with his grandparents and his mother.
The couple divorced when Fazal was 18.
He studied at La Martiniere College in Lucknow and The Doon School in Dehradun.
In 2004, he participated in school plays and engaged in debates.
He was selected for the role of Trinculo, the jester in the play  The Tempest by William Shakespeare.
It was a memorable role for him.
Fazal went to Mumbai and graduated in economics from St. Xavier's College.
Victor Hernández Cruz is a Puerto Rican poet.
He was born in Aguas Buenas, Puerto Rico.
He moved to New York City with his family when he was five years old.
He lives in Morocco and Puerto Rico.
Cruz is a member of the Nuyorican poetry movement of Puerto Rican poets who moved to New York City.
Nuyorican poets, such as Pedro Pietri, Miguel Algarin, Miguel Pinero, and Giannina Braschi, write about immigrant life and hybrid latino culture.
They multilingual literature.
They write in Spanish, English, and Spanglish.
Cruz has received fellowships from the Guggenheim Foundation and the National Endowment for the Arts.
He was the first Puerto Rican poet to be a Chancellor of the Academy of American Poets.
He writes about New York City, traveling, the Caribbean, Puerto Rican history, and the immigrant experience.
Cruz said in a television interview with Bill Moyers, “I write about myself as a Caribbean man, a man within a larger tapestry, and I try to see the connections between everything.
Between myself and history, myself a racially mixed person, and all these things that make me up.
I explore them in my poetry.”
Cruz published his first book, Papo Got His Gun!
And Other Poems, on a copying machine called the mimeograph.
His later books were published by tradition publishing houses.
His titles include: Beneath the Spanish (2017); In the Shadow of Al-Andalus (2011); The Mountain in the Sea (2006); Red Beans (1991); Rhythm, Content, and Flavor: New and Selected Poems (1989); By Lingual Wholes (1982); and Snaps (1969).
Julia de Burgos (February 17, 1914 – July 6, 1953) was a Puerto Rican poet.
She was a Puerto Rican Nationalist.
She advocated for civil rights for women, African Americans, and Afro-Caribbean people.
Poetry career
In 1938, at the age of twenty-four, Julia de Burgos published her first book of poems by herself.
She traveled around Puerto Rico selling copies.
She was raising money to help cover the cost of her mother’s cancer treatments.
Her poems discuss themes of feminism, social justice, slavery, and Puerto Rican independence.
Today she is called a Puerto Rican icon.
She is one of Puerto Rican greatest figures in Puerto Rican poetry.
De Burgos wrote Poemas exactos a mi misma (1937), Poema en veinte surcos (1938), and Canción de la verdad sencilla (1939).
Her poem El mar y tú: otros poemas (1954) was published after her death.
Her honors include awards from the Institute of Puerto Rican Literature.
She has an honorary doctorate from the University of Puerto Rico.
Many schools, public parks, and cultural centers are named after her, including: the Julia de Burgos Cultural Arts Center in Cleveland, the Julia de Burgos Latino Cultural Center in New York, and Julia de Burgos Park in Chicago.
The Julia de Burgos postage stamp was issued on September 14, 2010, in San Juan, Puerto Rico.
It is the 26th stamp in the United States Literary Arts series.
Rosario, Vanessa Pérez.
Becoming Julia de Burgos: The Making of a Puerto Rican Icon.
University of Illinois Press, 2014.
Stavans, Ilan, ed.
The Norton Anthology of Latino Literature.
WW Norton, 2011.
Nieves, Myrna. "
Breaking Ground: Anthology of Puerto Rican Women Writers in New York 1980–2012."
Editorial Campana, 2012.
Poets by nationality
Spanglish is a hybrid American language that mixes words and other ways of saying things from Spanish and English.
It is mostly spoken in the United States.
Spanglish is spoken in American towns and cities that have large numbers of Latino people, for example Chicago, Los Angeles, Miami, Houston, Santa Fe, Newark, and New York.
Spanglish is spoken by Spanish-speaking people who have moved to the United States from other countries and immigrants who are are still learning English.
Many people born in the United States whose parents came from Spanish-speaking countries also speak Spanglish.
An estimated that 40 million people in the United States speak Spanglish.
Spanglish is a source of pride in Latino identity.
In Living in Spanglish, Ed Morales wrote, "Spanglish is what we speak, but it is also who we Latinos are, and how we act, and how we perceive the world."
Spanglish literature
Latino literature in the United States has things written in Spanglish.
Chicano, Nuyorican, and Puerto Rican poets, playwrights, and novelists use Spanglish.
Puerto Rican poet Giannina Braschi wrote the first Spanglish novelYo-Yo Boing! (
Chicana author Sandra Cisneros uses Spanglish in her poetry, fairy tales, and novels.
Dominican-American novelist Junot Díaz's The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao also uses Spanglish phrases.
Nuyorican poet Pedro Pietri wrote the lyric poem El Spanglish National Anthem. (
Spanglish music
Reik released a song titled "Spanglish" that is sung half in English and half in Spanish.
Ricky Martin, a Puerto Rican pop singer uses Spanglish in the songs "Come with Me" and "Maria."
Pitbull, a Latin Grammy Award-winning artist from Miami, sings rap songs in Spanglish.
Enrique Iglesias, a Spanish reggaeton singer uses Spanglish in his lyrics.
Spanglish duets
Spanglish duets are songs with Spanish and English lyrics.
They are a growing trend in the American and Latin American music industry.
These duets are sung by a native Spanish speaker and a native English speaker.
Shakira and Beyonce, Romeo Santos and Usher, Justin Bieber and Daddy Yankee (in Luis Fonsi’s “Despacito”) have made the Billboard Hot 100 charts with Spanglish duets.
Nuyorican
Stavans, Ilan, Spanglish: The Making of a New American Language. (
Quan Chi is a character from the Mortal Kombat franchise.
Lego Star Wars: The Video Game is a 2007 action-adventure LEGO video game based on the Star Wars original and prequel trilogies.
Spider-Man is an action-adventure video game made by Neversoft.
It can be played on the PlayStation, Sega Dreamcast and Nintendo 64.
The game is based on the Marvel Comics superhero Spider-Man.
It had a 2001 sequel called Spider-Man 2: Enter Electro.
Spider-Man can attack enemies with his webs or punches.
Once the game is completed, a What-If mode narrated by the Watcher (voiced by Laurence Fishburne) has more humorous content in the walkthrough.
Gernot Roll (9 April 1939 – 12 November 2020) was a German cinematographer and movie director.
He worked with Edgar Reitz and Sönke Wortmann.
His best known works were The Last Escape, Zero Hour, The Buddenbrooks, Heimat, Der bewegte Mann, Beyond Silence and Nowhere in Africa.
Biography at www.filmportal.de (German)
Lust for Love (Mahlzeiten) (1967)
Cardillac (1970)
Trip to Vienna (Die Reise nach Wien) (1973)
In Danger and Deep Distress, the Middleway Spells Certain Death (In Gefahr und größter Not bringt der Mittelweg den Tod) (1974) (co-director: Alexander Kluge)
Zero Hour (Stunde Null) (1977)
"Grenzstation" in Germany in Autumn (Deutschland im Herbst) (1978)
The Tailor from Ulm (Der Schneider von Ulm) (1978)
Heimat (1984, TV series)
Home from Home (Die andere Heimat) (2013)
Edgar Reitz's official website
Edgar Reitz Bibliography (via UC Berkeley)
Interview with Edgar Reitz from The Guardian
Alan John Glazier (21 January 1939 – 12 November 2020) was an English professional darts player.
He used the nickname "The Ton Machine" and was known for his all-black outfits.
Waqar Ahmed Seth (16 March 1961 – 12 November 2020) was a Pakistani politician and lawyer.
He was the Chief Justice of Peshawar High Court from 28 June 2018 until his death.
On 2 August 2011, he became a Justice Peshawar High Court.
He was in charge over the special court which heard the high treason case against Pervez Musharraf and one of the two judges on a three judge panel who convicted Musharraf of this crime and sentenced him to death.
This was the first time in Pakistan's history that a military dictator was convicted of high treason.
Eric Cartman is unhappy that the Harley Davidson drivers are around.
He calls them faggots.
Łask (; ) is a town in central Poland.
17,604 people have lived here as of 2016.
It is the capital of Łask County.
It is in the Łódź Voivodeship.
In 1878, the US constitutional convention looked at the problem of counting its population.
The population of a state determines the influence a state can take in a presidential election.
The convention also looked at the problem of counting slaves: If they were counted, the state would have more power in the election, the taxes the state would have to pay to the government would also be higher.
The Three-Fifths Compromise was that three out of every five slaves would be counted.
The compromise of counting "all other persons" as only three-fifths of their actual numbers reduced the representation of the slave states relative to the original proposals, but improved it over the Northern position.
An inducement for slave states to accept the Compromise was its tie to taxation in the same ratio, so that the burden of taxation on the slave states was also reduced.
A contentious issue at the 1787 Constitutional Convention was whether slaves would be counted as part of the population in determining representation of the states in the Congress or would instead be considered property and, as such, not be considered for purposes of representation.
Delegates from states with a large population of slaves argued that slaves should be considered persons in determining representation, but as property if the new government were to levy taxes on the states on the basis of population.
Delegates from states where slavery had become rare argued that slaves should be included in taxation, but not in determining representation.
The proposed ratio was, however, a ready solution to the problem that arose during the Constitutional Convention.
In amending the Articles, the North wanted slaves to count for more than the South did because the objective was to determine taxes paid by the states to the federal government.
In the Constitutional Convention, the more important issue was representation in Congress, so the South wanted slaves to count for more than the North did.
"911" is a song by American recording artist Lady Gaga, from her sixth studio album, Chromatica (2020).
It was released as the album's third single on September 18, 2020.
The song is a Euro disco, synth-pop and electropop song. "
911" is about the antipsychotic medication Gaga takes.
It was written by Gaga with Madeon, BloodPop, and Justin Tranter, while Madeon, BloodPop, and Benjamin Rice produced it.
The music video shows Gaga surviving a near-deadly car accident and the thoughts that follow.
It contains references to the movies The Color of Pomegranates and 8½.
was a Japanese physicist.
He was known as one of the founders of Neutrino astronomy.
He won the Nobel Prize in Physics with Raymond Davis, Jr. in 2002.
Justin R. Cronin (October 9, 1980 – November 11, 2020) was an American politician.
He was a Republican member of the South Dakota House of Representatives from January 2009 until his resignation in August 2019.
Gettysburg is a city and county seat of Potter County, South Dakota, United States.
The population was 1,162 at the 2010 census.
Lucille Soong (born August 15, 1938) is a Chinese-American actress.
She is best known for her main role as Grandma Huang in the television series Fresh Off the Boat (2015–2020).
It is based on Mary Rodgers' 1972 novel of the same name.
It stars Jamie Lee Curtis and Lindsay Lohan.
Mary Rodgers (January 11, 1931 – June 26, 2014) was an American composer, author, and screenwriter.
She was known for her novel Freaky Friday.
Her best-known musicals were Once Upon a Mattress and The Mad Show.
Colombia first participated at the Youth Olympic Games at the inaugural 2010 Games in Singapore.
Colombia has sent a team to each Summer Youth Olympic Games and participated for the first time at the Winter Youth Olympic Games in the 2016 edition in  Lillehammer.
Colombian city of Medellín submitted a bid to host the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics, but in a voting process in 2013 lost the games to the argentine capital Buenos Aires.
Medals by Summer Youth Games
Medals by Winter Youth Games
Colombia at the Paralympics
Egoism is a philosophy about people serving their own needs or wants.
Some kinds of egoism say that everything people do is , meaning it is done to serve their own desires.
Other kinds of egoism instead say that people should do whatever they want or whatever benefits themselves.
Egoism is often seen as the opposite of altruism, meaning the concern for others. "
Altruism" is a word created by the French thinker Auguste Comte, who says that people must only serve each other and never be egoistic.
The German thinker Friedrich Nietzsche instead says that altruism is not the opposite of egoism.
He also says that even though people  altruism is good, they do not treat each other well very much at all.
Other egoists also often criticise this kind of attitude against people who do what benefits themselves.
But Nietzsche says that people should eventually leave both altruism and egoism behind.
The American researcher James Scanlan says that when people do whatever benefits themselves it is only a fake kind of egoism.
And that real egoism is when people do whatever they want.
Both are often seen as dangerous beliefs.
Some egoists such as Max Stirner, Nikolay Chernyshevsky, and Dmitry Pisarev, are also thought of as nihilists.
And the British egoist Aleister Crowley popularised the phrase "Do what thou will".
Ethical egoism is the belief that it is  for people to do whatever benefits themselves.
Default egoism is the belief that people  try to benefit themselves.
Psychological egoism is the belief that people  try to benefit themselves, even when they don't know it.
Rational egoism is the belief that it  for people to do whatever benefits themselves.
Moral psychology
Some ideas of egoism can be studied in moral psychology.
For example, Friedrich Nietzsche says that many people wrongly think that being "good" is related to being "unegoistic".
Instead, this thought only happened since priestly values took over from noble values .
Nietzsche says that the concepts of egoistic or altruistic actions are pseudo-psychology.
In fact, "there are no such things as egoistic and altruistic actions".
Morality, he says, tries to damage psychology with these false ideas.
He also says that this kind of morality always serves the needs and wants of some people over others.
The British researcher Alexander Moseley instead says egoists reject that psychology can understand people's motivations.
National sports team (commonly known as a national team or a national side) is a team that represents a nation, rather than a particular club or region, in an international sport.
National teams, like other sporting teams, are often grouped by sex, age or other criteria.
The most prestigious national teams are often the senior men's and women's teams.
However, they may not be the most popular or successful.
Sports teams by sport
Prime Ministers (Dewans) of Jammu and Kashmir princely state (1947-1965)
Colour key for parties
Chief Ministers of the state of Jammu and Kashmir (1965-2019)
Chief  Ministers of union territory of Jammu and Kashmir (2019- present)
Lists of Indian people
Raman Bandarenka (, ) (August 1, 1989, Minsk – November 12, 2020, Minsk) was an aspiring Belarusian designer, and shop manager.
His death is associated with the protests against the 2020 Belarusian presidential election.
Raman Bandarenka died after reportedly being beaten by security forces.
Police forces said they found him uncounscious and called an ambulance.
According to sources, masked assailants in civilian clothing beat him up, in the yard of his appartment building, in the evening of November 11, 2020, in Minsk.
Locally, this appartment complex is known as "" (Ploscha Peramen)."
Later, a minibus took him away.
An ambulance brigade brought from the Central District Department of Internal Affairs (Police Station) to a local hospital.
At the time he ambulance took him, he was unconscious.
At the hospital, he was diagnosed with diferent injuries to the head and brain, bruises, and abrasions.
Banderenka was operated in an attempt to save his life and fell into a coma.
He never recovered and died on November 12, 2020, in the hospital in Minsk.
Raman Bandarenka born on August 1, 1989 in Minsk.
After school, he entered the Minsk State College of Architecture and Construction, and then the Belarusian State Academy of Arts, graduating from the Faculty of Design in 2012.
In 2014, he was conscripted into the Special Forces of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Belarus (military unit 3214), and subsequently stayed in contact with his colleagues.
Later, he worked as an administrator and then director of one of the retail stores of the "Ostrov Chistoty" in Minsk.
Circumstances of his death
During the protests, the yard next to the house in which Raman lived became widely known as the "Square of Changes (Rus: PloschaPeramen)".
This name arose after residents of the residential complex in the quarter between Chervyakova, Kakhovskaya and Smorgovsky tract streets painted a mural with "DJs of Change," two DJs who played the Russian pop song called "Change" at an event and were subsequently arrested, on one of the walls of a transformer booth.
This mural was repeatedly destroyed, but then restored again by the local residents.
The yard was often covered with red and white ribbons, symbolising the flag of the Belarusian Democratic Republic, which has become a symbol for the freedom movement in Belarus.
On November 11, 2020, at about 22:00, six men and 3 women in civilian clothes and in masks arrived at the "" and began to cut off the red and white ribbons placed by local residents.
Raman Bandarenka found out about this in a local text chat in the popular app Telegram.
He posted his final message in the group, "I'm going out!"
before going out to the street to see what was happening.
Outside, he stood watching what was happening.
According to reports, he may have made a remark to which one of the masked people replied to him harshly before pushing Raman to the ground.
At this time, Raman hit his head on a children's slide as he fell.
The masked assailants proceeded to pin Raman to the ground and command him to "Lie down!"
The main initiator of the fight left, and three others continued to beat him.
Following the assault, Raman was dragged off to a silver minibus.
The events of this evening were filmed by eyewitnesses from different angles and then posted on the net.
He was taken to the Central District Department of Internal Affairs (Police Station), from which he was admitted to the Emergency Department of the Minsk City Clinical Emergency Hospital on November 12 at 0:05.
He was diagnosed with multiple injuries.
He underwent an operation in an attempt to save his life.
Raman Bandarenka died on November 12, 2020.
Suspects and independent investigation
On November 16, 2020 the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Latvia imposed a travel ban against the kickboxer  and the president of the Belarusian hockey federation Dzmitry Baskau ‘for an unspecified period’ because of their alleged involvement in the killing of Raman Bandarenka.
A number of sportspeople have previously identified them in photos and videos of the masked persons who attacked Bandarenka.
Baskau and Shakuta did not comment on the suspicions.
In the same month Estonia also imposed a travel ban against Shakuta and Baskau.
In January 2020 the International Ice Hockey Federation declared that it opened an independent investigation concerning the involvement of Dzmitry Baskau in this incident.
Reactions to his death
Public reaction
On the evening of November 12, several thousand Belarusians came to the “Square of Change” to pay tribute to Raman Bandarenka.
The next day, in various districts of Minsk, other cities and villages of Belarus, people came out to express their sympathy.
On November 15, 2020, at 12:00 in Minsk and other cities of the country the protest march "I'm going out!"
in memory of Raman Bandarenka and all the victims of the protests took place.
The Minsk event was ended by the cruel attack of the police on the people stood at the “Square of Change” to support the dead one.
Katsyaryna Andreeva and Darya Chultsova of Belsat TV showed the event live.
They were arrested at the “Square of Change” that day.
On November 24 ten organizations (the Viasna Human Rights Centre, the Belarusian Association of Journalists, the Belarusian Helsinki Committee and others) made a joint statement.
On February 18, 2021, the journalists were sentenced to serve two years in prison for pushing 2020 Belarusian protests.
The funeral of Raman Bandarenka took place on November 20, 2020, after the body was released to the family after an extended wait.
The family invited everyone to the ceremony, which was attended by several thousands.
Many chanted popular slogans, such as "Long live Belarus!", "
We will not forget, we will not forgive!”, “
Roma, you are a hero”, and “I'm going out” - Raman's final words.
Reaction of Alexander Lukashenko
On November 13, during a meeting with Belarusian and international journalists, Alexander Lukashenko expressed his condolences to the parents of Raman Bandarenka.
At the conference, he said that he instructed the chairman of the Investigative Committee to investigate the incident and instructed the Prosecutor General to take it under "the most serious control."
Lukashenko told reporters: "But in this case, as I was told, a fight broke out, moreover, a serious fight.
And someone from the protesters called the "police."
A reinforced police squad was sent.
When they arrived, as usual, everyone fled.
And this one was either injured or something ... inebriated.
The conclusion was presented today by the Investigative Committee.
They posted it all.
Of course, he was taken and taken by this department.
He felt ill on the way, as I was told.
They called an ambulance and sent him to the hospital."
Chairman of the Council of the Republic Natalya Kochanova stated: "Now there is a radicalization [of the protests]. ...
This is the case with this Bondarenko.
He himself went out [into the yard].
Now there is an investigation, and have already established that false information was put on the Internet, that he was sober (we are talking about information and documents from the doctors of the emergency room. ).
But did you see how he [Bondarenko] was honored?
A memorial!
And how many drunks [in the whole country] are fighting?
Every day they die.
And they [the protesters] are arranging memorial services.
The President said it right: we need to clean up the city!"
As of November 27, 2020, no criminal case has been instituted on Bandarenka's death, while TUT.BY journalist Katsyaryna Barysevich and doctor Artsyom Sorokin, who reported medical information that the murdered man was completely sober, refuting the words of Alexander Lukashenko and Natalya Kochanova that Bandarenka was drunk, had been detained in connection with the criminal case upon them.
On November 24, the human rights organization Amnesty International named them prisoners of conscience in the Bandarenka matter.
On the same day, ten organizations (the Viasna Human Rights Centre, the Belarusian Association of Journalists, the Belarusian Helsinki Committee and others) made a joint statement.
It said that Katsyaryna Barysevich is a political prisoner.
Boris Haretski, deputy chairman of the Belarusian Association of Journalists, said that the authorities were not fighting the problem, but the media, “They think that if the press does not write about Bandarenka, people will not find out about it.
Of course, they will know everything, but the media is still under attack."
On March 2, 2021, Barysevich was sentenced to serve a half-year in prison and to pay a fine for damages in 100 basic units for writing on the late Raman Bandarenka, doctor Artsyom Sorokin got two years in prison and a fine in 50 basic units.
In a statement dated 13 November 2020, the EU condemned the brutality.
The diplomatic missions of Great Britain, Germany, and the EU in Belarus honored the victim with a minute of silence.
Many foreign media outlets wrote or released stories about the death of Raman Bandarenka (Belsat, U.S. News & World Report, Meduza, RIA Novosti, BBC, Current Time TV, Associated Press, Libération, TVP Info, Washington Post, bne IntelliNews, ČT24, and others).
On November 26, 2020, European Parliament discussed the situation in Belarus.
The discussion resulted in the adoption of a resolution "on the continuation of human rights violations in Belarus, in particular the murder of Raman Bandarenka", supported by an absolute majority of deputies, calling for a "prompt, thorough, impartial and independent investigation into the death."
On August 9, 2021,  was put in the  of the USA.
He got a punishment for "violent attack on Bandarenka" and his transfer to the police.
Teacher from the Belarusian State Art Academy speakes painfully about his student Roma Bandarenka , Nasha Niva, 14 November 2020
How the authorities hide their crimes.
VIDEO // Current Time TV, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, 22 March 2021
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