the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
In 1939, the family emigrated to London, and later to New York.
In New York, Morton's father changed the family name to Morton.
In 1951, Morton came back to Vienna, where he wrote as a correspondent for the US press.
Charlotte Douglas International Airport  is a joint civil-military public international airport.
It is located in Charlotte, North Carolina.
It was the 6th busiest airport in the world, based on traffic movements in 2010.
It was also the 23rd busiest airport in the world by passenger traffic in 2013.
The airport was opened in 1936 as the Charlotte Municipal Airport.
It was renamed the Douglas Municipal Airport after former mayor of Charlotte Ben Elbert Douglas, Sr.
in 1954.
It was the largest hub for US Airways.
In 2015, US Airways was combined with American Airlines.
Now, Charlotte is the 2nd largest hub for American.
The City of Arvada is a city in Jefferson County Colorado, USA.
It is a suburb of Denver.
The United States Census Bureau estimated the city population at 111,707 residents in 2013.
Arvada is the seventh largest city in Colorado.
The Olde Town Arvada historic district is located  northwest of the Colorado State Capitol in Denver.
In 1850 gold was discovered in Arvada.
It was the first gold discovery in Colorado.
News of the discovery set off a gold rush.
Western Bowl, 10000 Ralston Rd, Arvada, CO 80004
Big Time Trampoline Fun Center, New Life Addiction Treatment, 7330 W 52nd Ave, Arvada, CO 80002
Richard Anthony, also known as Ricardo Anthony Btesh (13 January 1938 – 19 April 2015), was a French singer from Cairo, Egypt.
He was known for singing the soundtrack of A Good Year and for his small acting roles in Dallas and Star Trek: The Original Series.
Sir Raymond Albert Maillard Carr FBA FRHS FRSL (11 April 1919 – 19 April 2015), known as Raymond Carr, was an English historian.
His works were mostly about the history of Spain, Latin America, and Sweden.
He was also Warden of St Antony's College, Oxford, from 1968 to 1987.
Robert Bruce "Bob" St. Clair (February 18, 1931 – April 20, 2015), nicknamed "The Geek", was an American football player and politician.
He played for the NFL team San Francisco 49ers from 1953 to 1963.
He also served as mayor of Daly City, California from 1958 to 1961.
St. Clair was born in San Francisco, California.
He was of Yaqui Native American ancestry.
St. Clair died after a short illness on April 20, 2015 in Santa Rosa, California.
Janaki Ballabh Patnaik (; 3 January 1927 – 21 April 2015) was an Indian politician.
He was the Governor of Assam from 27 November 2009 to 11 December 2014.
He was Chief Minister of Odisha from 9 June 1980 to 7 December 1989 and again from 15 March 1995 to 17 February 1999.
He was a leader of the Indian National Congress
Patnaik was born in Rameshwar, Puri district, Odisha to a Hindu family.
He married to Jayanti Patnaik from 1953 until his death.
Patnaik died from a heart attack on 21 April 2015 in Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh.
Governors of Assam
Viktor Ivanovich Korshunov (; 24 November 1929 – 17 April 2015) was a Russian movie and stage actor.
His career started in the 1950s.
He was awarded the People's Artist of the USSR.
Korshunov was born in Moscow.
He married actress Yekaterina Yelanskaya in 1953.
She died in July 2013.
They had one son, actor Aleksandr Korshunov (born 1954).
The Adams-Onís Treaty (also called the Florida treaty) was a treaty between Spain and the United States of America in 1819.
This treaty gave the state of Florida to the United States.
It settled a standing border dispute between the two countries.
It established the U.S- Mexican border.
The treaty was considered a triumph of American diplomacy.
It came at a time of increasing difficulties related to Spain's territorial boundaries in North America.
This was with both the United States and Great Britain following the American Revolution.
There were also tensions during the Latin American Wars of Independence.
Florida had become a problem for Spain.
It could not afford to send settlers or garrisons.
The treaty was signed in Washington, DC on February 22, 1819.
It was ratified in Madrid, Spain on October 24, 1820.
The treaty actually went into effect on February 22, 1821.
Madrid decided to cede the territory of Florida to the United States.
This was in exchange for settling the boundary dispute along the Sabine River in Texas.
The treaty established the boundary of U.S. territory.
It recognized the claims of the United States through the Rocky Mountains and west to the Pacific Ocean.
In exchange the U.S. paid residents' claims against the Spanish government up to a total of $5,000,000.
The United States also gave up its claims on parts of Spanish Texas west of the Sabine River and other Spanish areas, under the agreements in the Louisiana Purchase.
Adams-Onis was a key event in determining the U.S.-Mexico border.
The United States presidential election of 1860 was held on Tuesday, November 6, 1860.
The election of President Abraham Lincoln served as a trigger for the outbreak of the American Civil War.
The United States had been divided during the 1850s on questions surrounding the expansion of slavery and the rights of slave owners.
In 1860, these issues broke the Democratic Party into three factions.
Each group felt they could best defeat the Republican Party candidate.
Democratic party split
In April 1860 Democrats met in Charleston, South Carolina to select a candidate for the upcoming presidential election.
The convention was in complete chaos.
Northern democrats wanted to nominate Stephen A. Douglas.
Southern democrats would not support him because he supported new states having the popular sovereignty right to choose whether they would allow slavery.
The convention could not agree on a candidate.
Later, in a separate convention, the northern democrats met again and chose Douglas.
The southern democrats chose John C. Breckinridge.
He was the Vice President of the United States under President James Buchanan.
Later, a third group, The newly formed Constitutional Union Party chose John Bell as their candidate.
The party included a few southern democrats who were against slavery.
It also included members of the Whig Party and the Know Nothing party.
The Constitutional Union Party was against secession and neutral on the issue of slavery.
Bell himself was an ex-democrat.
The Republican convention
The Republican party saw an opportunity when the democrats were split.
They met in Chicago on May 16–18.
William H. Seward was the favorite among many.
Abraham Lincoln had become known as a result of his debates with Stephen A. Douglas.
He had the advantage the convention was held in Chicago, the center of his support.
After two ballots, there was no clear choice.
On the third ballot the republicans chose Lincoln.
Lincoln's position on the issue of slavery was known from his senatorial debates with Stephen Douglas in 1858.
In one debate he said, "I believe this government cannot endure permanently half slave and half free."
One of his most memorable quotes he stated, "A house divided against itself cannot stand."
Even so, he was considered a moderate on the issue of slavery.
He knew he could not end slavery in the south in one step.
Instead he only spoke out against slavery in new American territories.
Lincoln won the election with 1,866,452 votes.
Douglas received 1,376,957 votes.
John Breckinridge and John Bell shared the remaining 1,438,660 votes cast.
Lincoln won the majority of the electoral college giving him the presidency.
But he won without carrying a single Southern state.
Before Lincoln's inauguration as president, seven Southern states declared their secession.
In his inaugural address, Lincoln spoke to the Southern states.
He said, "In your hands, my dissatisfied fellow countrymen, and not in mine, is the momentous issue of civil war".
He went on to say, "The government will not assail you.
You can have no conflict without being yourselves the aggressors.
You have no oath registered in heaven to destroy the government, while I shall have the most solemn one to 'preserve, protect, and defend' it."
Lincoln called them friends and told them we are not enemies.
Unfortunately by this time Jefferson Davis was already the president of the Confederacy.
They were later joined by Virginia, North Carolina, Arkansas, and Tennessee.
Two states, Kentucky and Missouri, attempted to remain neutral.
Cătălina Ponor (; born 20 August 1987) is a Romanian artistic gymnast.
She has won five medals at the Summer Olympics, three of them were gold medals.
Gregory Pardlo (born 1968) is an American poet, writer, and professor.
His  book Digest won the 2015 Pulitzer Prize for Poetry.x In 2007, Pardlo's first book Totem received the American Poetry Review/ Honickman Prize.
Parldo was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1968.
He grew up in Willingboro, New Jersey.
Gregory Pardlo received his B.A. in English from Rutgers University.
In 2001, he earned his M.F.A. from New York University.
He was the New York Times Fellow in Poetry.
He has received other fellowships.
He is a fellow at the New York Foundation for the Arts, the Cave Canem Foundation, the MacDowell Artist's Colony, the Seaside Institute.
Also, the Lotos Club Foundation, and City University of New York,.
He received a translation grant from the National Endowment for the Arts.
He is a Teaching Fellow at Columbia University.
Abdel Rahman el-Abnudi (, 11 April 1938 – 21 April 2015) was an Egyptian poet.
Before his death, he worked on children's books.
His best known work is Death on the Asphalt.
He was one of a generation of poets who wrote their work in the Egyptian dialect rather than in normal Arabic, the normal literary language.
Abnudi was born in Qena Governorate.
He was married to director Attiyat El Abnoudy.
He had two children, Nour and Aya.
Steven Patrick "Steve" Byrnes (April 14, 1959 – April 21, 2015) was an American television announcer and producer.
In 1985, he began his working on auto racing reporting, mostly NASCAR.
In 2001, he began working with NASCAR on Fox as a pit reporter, and later became the host of Fox Sports 1's studio show NASCAR Race Hub.
Byrnes was born in Chicago, Illinois and grew up in New Carrolton, Maryland.
He was married to Karen Goines from 1993 until his death.
They had a son, Bryson.
Byrnes died from head and neck cancer on April 21, 2015 in Fort Mill, South Carolina.
Midge is a common term for many types of small fly.
They are all in a suborder, the Nematocera.
They are found on practically every land area except permanently dry deserts and the frozen zones.
Some midges, such as many Phlebotominae (sand fly) and Simuliidae (black fly), are vectors of various diseases.
Others are prey items for insectivores, such as various frogs and swallows.
The highland midge of Scotland (Culicoides impunctatus) is present in huge numbers.
It is a significant blood-sucking pest.
It is found in upland and lowland areas (fens, bogs and marshes) especially in the north west of Scotland from late spring to late summer.
The habits of midges vary greatly from species to species, though within any particular family midges commonly have similar ecological roles.
Examples of families which include midges are:
Blephariceridae, net-winged midges
Cecidomyiidae, gall midges
Ceratopogonidae, biting midges
also known as no-see-ums or punkies in North America, and sandflies in Australia.
Chaoboridae, phantom midges
Chironomidae, non-biting midges
also known as muffleheads in the Great Lakes region of North America
Deuterophlebiidae, mountain midges
Dixidae, meniscus midges
Scatopsidae, dung midges
Thaumaleidae, solitary midges
Ibrahim Yusri (20 April 1950 – 20 April 2015) was an Egyptian actor.
He worked on movies, stage, and television.
His best known movie was The Terrorist (1994).
Yusri was born in Giza.
He graduated from the Higher Institute for Dramatic Arts in 1975.
Viktor Ahn (; born November 23, 1985), also known as Ahn Hyun-soo () and Victor An, is a Russian short track speed skating athlete born in South Korea.
A dirndl [ˈdɪʁndl̩] is a type of dress worn by women in Germany, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Austria and South Tyrol.
It is made to look like the traditional clothing that peasants from the Alps used to wear.
Originally the term Dirndl meant girl in Bavarian.
Now it can mean either the dress or a girl.
It was also called a Dirndlgewand.
In the 1800s servant girls wore a very similar dress.
They were very plain.
A heavy, often dark colored dress was worn in winter.
It had a long sleeve dirndl blouse and thick apron to go with it.
In summer a light version was worn.
Summer dresses were worn with a short puffed-sleeve dirndl blouse.
Different styles were worn in different regions.
The bow on the apron is tied on the left (she is single) or the right side (she is not single).
Oktoberfest Dirndl Dress: The Bow
How to wear a dirndl
Sandra Raluca Izbaşa () (born June 18, 1990) is a Romanian gymnast.
She has won two Olympic gold medals, at the floor event at the 2008 Olympics and at the vault event at the 2012 Olympics.
Tatiana Andreyеvna Volosozhar (, ; born 22 May 1986) is a Russian figure skater.
Honoré III, Prince of Monaco (Honoré Camille Léonor; 10 November 1720 – 21 March 1795) was a reigning prince of the small state of Monaco.
He succeeded his mother Louise Hippolyte and is to this day still one of the longest reigning European rulers.
In May 1732 he moved to Paris to be with his father till he was officially proclaimed the prince of Monaco.
Antoine Grimaldi, the Chevalier de Grimaldi, acted as regent for the prince between 1732 and 1784, when Honoré chose to live in Paris.
This situation remained the same for half a century until Antoine's death in 1784,
On 5 June 1757  he married Maria Caterina Brignole a member of one of the most powerful and wealthy familys in the Republic of Genoa.
The had two sons before divorcing in 1770.
Prince Honoré IV of Monaco (17 May 1758 – 16 February 1819) married Louise d'Aumont and had children.
Prince Joseph of Monaco (10 September 1763 – 28 June 1816) married Marie Thérèse de Choiseul and had children.
20 February 1731 - 17 May 1758 His Serene Highness The Marquis of Baux.
7 November 1733 – 19 January 1793 His Serene Highness The Prince of Monaco, Duke of Valentinois.
Edwards, Anne.
The Grimaldis of Monaco.
William Morrow, 1992.
Maclaga, Michael and Louda, Jiri.
LINES OF SUCCESSION; Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe.
MacDonald & Co., 1981; Little, Brown & Co., 1999; Time Warner Books, UK, 2002
Maurizio Ulino, L'Età Barocca dei Grimaldi di Monaco nel loro Marchesato di Campagna, Giannini editore, Napoli 2008.
, known as Akane (茜) (born July 16, 1986) is a Japanese actress, product designer and talent agent.
She is also a singer and dancer in the band AAA: Attack All Around.
She was born in Endokawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Uno grew up in there.
Her father is a copywriter.
She has been active since the 1994.
In 2006 Uno appeared in her first movie, Hollywood's The Grudge 2 as a japanese student.
In 2008 she played Keiko Endo (遠藤 恵子) in Hitomi (瞳) of the NHK television fiction show.
In 2010 Uno appeared in her second film Rendez-vous (ランデブー！)
as the leading character.
In 2012 she played Akane Yabuki (矢吹 茜) in Ume-chan Sensei (梅ちゃん先生) of the NHK television fiction show.
In 2013 she played Hoshino Tsukiyama (月山 星乃) in Tokyo toy box (東京トイボックス) of the TV Tokyo.
Tsukiyama is the heroine.
2005: SLOW DANCE ORIGINAL SOUND TRACK
Groovin' (with Mayu)
Good Time (with Mayu, ECO)
2007: The Grudge 2 ORIGINAL SOUND TRACK
2006: The grudge2 ... Miyuki Nazawa
2010:  … Meguru Taniyama
2006:  … Akane Sueyoshi
2007: Super Battle Live Delicious Gakuin Bangaihen ~Delicious 5 Shijō Saidai no Teki~
2008: Love Letters …
2010:  …
2011: Legend of the Galactic Heroes
2007-2008: On-Time (音時間) … master of ceremonies
2008:  … Keiko Endo
2010: Massugu na Otoko (まっすぐな男) … Mina Matsushima
2012:  … Akane Yabuki
2013:  … Hoshino Tsukiyama
2014:  … Hoshino Tsukiyama
2006-2007: Uno Misako no English Lyrics Selection (宇野実彩子のイングリッシュ リリックセレクション)
2011-2014: AAA Uno Misako's Radio Unoccoli (AAA宇野実彩子のラジオUNOッコリー) (FM Niigata)
2010: UNO
2012: UNO-BON
2014: UNONU（you know）
宇野実彩子 AAAtwitter
Misako Uno（AAA）Instagram
PROFILEThe official website AAA (Triple A)
AAA宇野実彩子のラジオUNOッコリー FM-NIIGATA
Jean de La Fontaine (; 8 July 1621 – 13 April 1695) was the first of the French fabulist.
He was one of the most widely read French poets of the 17th century.
He is known for his fables.
These provided a model for later fabulists across Europe.
They were also an example for numerous alternative versions in France and in French regional languages.
According to Flaubert, he was the only French poet to understand and master the subtleties of the French language before Victor Hugo.
A set of postage stamps celebrating La Fontaine and the Fables was issued by France in 1995.
The Dordogne () is a river in south-central and southwest France.
The Dordogne river and its drainage basin was named as a Biosphere Reserve by the UNESCO on 11 July 2012.
Average monthly discharge (m3/s) at Bergerac (1958-2011)
The Dordogne starts on the sides of the Puy de Sancy, Massif Central, in the commune of Mont-Dore, Puy-de-Dôme department, at an elevation of about .
It flows generally west through the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region and the Dordogne department before flowing into the Gironde where it joins, in the north of the city of Bordeaux, the Garonne river to form the Gironde estuary, at about  of altitude.
The Dordogne flows through 4 regions, 6 departments and 173 communes.
The main communes are:
Puy-de-Dôme: Mont-Dore, La Bourboule, La Bourboule, Avèze, Singles, Larodde, Labessette
Cantal: Beaulieu, Lanobre, Madic, Saint-Pierre, Champagnac, Veyrières, Arches, Chalvignac
Corrèze: Bort-les-Orgues, Saint-Julien-près-Bort, Liginiac, Neuvic, Soursac, Argentat, Beaulieu-sur-Dordogne
Lot: Carennac, Bétaille, Vayrac, Martel, Souillac
Dordogne: Carlux, Domme, La Roque-Gageac, Beynac-et-Cazenac, Saint-Cyprien, Le Buisson-de-Cadouin, Mauzac-et-Grand-Castang, Lalinde, Mouleydier, Creysse, Bergerac, Prigonrieux
Gironde: Sainte-Foy-la-Grande, Castillon-la-Bataille, Libourne, Fronsac, Saint-André-de-Cubzac, Bourg, Cubzac-les-Ponts
Rhue - 56.6 km;
Maronne - 92.6 km;
Cère - 120.4 km;
Céou - 55.1 km;
Chavanon - 54.2 km;
Diège - 54.4 km;
Triouzoune - 51.3 km;
Luzège - 64.2 km;
Doustre - 51.2 km;
Vézère - 211.2 km;
Isle - 255.3 km;
Banque Hydro - Station P5140010 - La Dordogne à Bergerac
The Dordogne Valley in the Lot department
The Dordogne Valley UNESCO Biosphere Reserve
The Isle () is a river of south-western France that flows through the Haute-Vienne, Dordogne and Gironde departments, in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region.
It is a right tributary of the Dordogne river.
The Isle starts on the Monts du Limousin, part of the Massif Central, in the commune of Janailhac, Haute-Vienne department, at an elevation of about .
It flows generally southwest through the Haute-Vienne, Dordogne and Gironde departments before flowing into the Dordogne river in Libourne at about  of altitude.
The Isle flows through 2 regions, 3 departments and 66 communes.
Haute-Vienne: La Meyze
Dordogne: Jumilhac-le-Grand, Périgueux, Saint-Astier, Neuvic, Mussidan, Montpon-Ménestérol
Gironde: Coutras, Guîtres, Saint-Denis-de-Pile,Libourne
Loue - 50.9 km;
Auvézère - 112.2 km;
Dronne - 200.6 km;
Lary - 53.7 km;
Banque Hydro - Station P9001510 - L'Isle à Coutras
The National Museum of History of Azerbaijan () is the national museum of history of Azerbaijan.
It is the largest museum of Azerbaijan.
It is in Baku, in the former mansion of Azerbaijani oil magnate and philanthropist Haji Zeynalabdin Taghiyev.
It was founded in 1920.
Rose O'Neal Greenhow (1813/1814– October 1, 1864) was a famous Confederate spy during the American Civil War.
She was a socialite in Washington, D.C. before the war.
Greenhow was friends with presidents, generals, senators, and high-ranking military officers.
She used these friendships to pass along key military information to the Confederacy at the start of the war.
In early 1861 she was put in control of a group of Confederate spies in Washington, DC.
This was by Thomas Jordan, then a captain in the Confederate Army.
Jefferson Davis, the Confederate president, gave her credit for helping the South's victory at the First Battle of Bull Run in late July 1861.
Greenhow was captured in August.
She was placed under house arrest.
But she continued her spying activities.
In 1862 after an espionage hearing, she was imprisoned for nearly five months in Washington, DC.
Then she was deported to the Confederate States.
Greenhow traveled to Richmond, Virginia and continued to work for the confederacy.
She sailed to Europe to represent the Confederacy in a diplomatic mission to France and England.
She also wrote and published her memoir in London.
The book was popular in England.
She wanted to return to America.
She took with her $2,000 in Gold.
On her voyage back, her ship ran aground off Wilmington, North Carolina.
A Union gunboat had chased them up the Cape Fear River.
Greenhow and one other passenger tried to escape in a rowboat.
Weighed down with gold she drowned when her rowboat overturned.
She was honored with a Confederate military funeral.
In 1993 the women's auxiliary of the Sons of Confederate Veterans changed its name to the Order of the Confederate Rose.
This followed a television movie the previous year.
A new biography of her was published in 2005.
Richard "Dick" Balharry  (24 May 1937 – 22 April 2015) was a Scottish conservationist, writer, and wildlife photographer.
He was known for improving and protecting Scotland's natural landscapes.
Just days before his death, he was given an award by the Royal Scottish Geographical Society (RSGS).
Balharry was born near Dundee.
He died from cancer on 22 April 2015, aged 77.
Roy Mason, Baron Mason of Barnsley, PC (18 April 1924 – 20 April 2015), was a British Labour politician and former Cabinet minister.
He was Secretary of State for Defence and Secretary of State for Northern Ireland in the late 1970s.
Jeremiah J. Rodell (September 28, 1921 – April 17, 2015) was a brigadier general in the United States Air Force that served as Deputy Chief of Chaplains of the United States Air Force from 1978 to 1980.
People from Minneapolis, Minnesota
Bakhtyar Khudojnazarov () (May 29, 1965 – April 21, 2015) was a Russian movie director, producer and screenwriter.
He was known for his comedy movie Luna Papa (1999).
He won a Silver Lion at the Venice Film Festival for his movie Kosh ba kosh (1993).
Russian movie producers
Theodosia Salome Okoh (13 June 1922 — 19 April 2015) was a Ghanaian stateswoman, teacher and artist.
She was known for designing Ghana's flag in 1957.
She also played a leading role in the development of hockey in Ghana.
Tema is a city on the Gulf of Guinea and Atlantic coast of Ghana.
It is located  east of the capital city; Accra.
As of 2013, the population was 161,612.
Santa Rosa is a city in and the county seat of Sonoma County, California, United States.
The Census Bureau estimated its 2012 population at 170,685.
In the beginning of October, 2017, a firestorm burnt 5% of the homes in the city, killing atleast 19 people.
Anti-Shi'ism (pronounced: Anti, She, ism) or Shiaphobia is the prejudice against or hatred of Shia Muslims.
Shia Muslims make up somewhere between 10 and 20 percent of Muslims worldwide.
Sunni Islam and Shia Islam split because the two groups have different beliefs about the type of person that could become a caliph, a top leader of Muslim peoples.
Shias believed the leader should be related to the Prophet Muhammad.
Sunnis believed the leader should be chosen for his ability to lead the community ( it's not because the leader should be related but because the prophet Mohammed said in the ghadeer that Ali will be the leader after him which they didn't follow.
The two groups have lived together peacefully for centuries.
Shia and Sunni have not only lived together they have intermarried in many cases.
But modern politics and recent events have sparked new fighting between the two groups.
Modern Anti-Shi'ism violence is just a part of the overall conflict.
It is one result of the collapse of authoritarian rule in the region.
A controlled burn (sometimes also called a prescribed fire) is a fire that is started on purpose, and kept under control.
It is done by people who are trained in controlling a fire, with the right equipment and the right weather conditions.
It is done to help the environment or to make an area safer for people.
This is not the same as a practice fire, where a firefighter crew might start a fire in a house or other building that is going to be destroyed.
They use it for practice, to learn how to enter a burning house safely and how to put out a house fire.
Controlled burns, on the other hand, are done outdoors in forests or prairies.
There are several reasons why a controlled burn may take place.
In some areas, there may be too much dry wood and dead plants.
If a fire started there that was not controlled (like arson, an accident, or a lightning strike), that fire could become dangerous.
So by having trained people there, and burning it carefully, then the fire won't be as hot and won't get out of control.
Another reason is to help nature.
Some plants need fire so their seeds can start to grow, some animals prefer to live in places that have been recently burned, and sometimes it helps to get rid of weeds.
Also, the ash on the ground is a quick fertilizer and helps return nutrients to the soil.
Sometimes it is done to help people.
It can clear an area of brush and make it easier to see and move around.
Hunter-gatherer people would do this to chase game into an area where they can kill the animal for food.
This is becoming rare.
From the fire triangle, it is known that a fire needs fuel, oxygen and heat.
To control a fire, removing one of these three things will cause the fire to go out.
To keep the fire in the area it is supposed to be in, the fire can be smothered, removing oxygen.
Or it can be sprayed with water, removing the heat.
And the fire finishes when there is no more fuel.
Generally, the back fire is started first.
This is the fire that burns into the wind, and moves slowly.
This is a smaller, safer fire, and is easier to control.
It can be started next to a trail or stream or other fire break that keeps the fire from moving downwind.
After the back fire is in place, then the head fire is started.
It will burn downwind (travels with the wind).
This will burn faster and hotter.
When it reaches the back fire, there is no more fuel for the fire, and it dies out.
drip torch - this starts the fire by dripping fire onto the grass as the person walks along
water sprayer - usually worn as a backpack, water can be sprayed onto the fire to keep it in the area it should be in
flapper - a wide piece of rubber on a handle, this can be flapped onto the fire, putting it out
shovel - this can be used to dig up dirt and create a fire break that will not burn
Gennadi Aronovich Vengerov (; 27 August 1959 – 22 April 2015) was a Belarusian-born Russian-German actor and voice artist.
He began acting in 1978 on stage, and later in 1987 on television and movies.
He had over 150 credits to his name.
He was also the Russian voice of the title character of EVE Online and appeared in the movie Enemy at the Gates (2001).
In 1990, he moved to German state of North Rhine-Westphalia, and worked as a Deutsche Welle radio announcer.
Vengerov was born in Vitebsk.
He served in the Soviet Army until 1983 when he moved to Moscow.
Vengerov died from lung and bone cancer on 22 April 2015 in Düsseldorf.
Fastlane (2015) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by WWE.
It was held on February 22, 2015 at FedExForum in Memphis, Tennessee.
It was the first Fastlane event held by the WWE.
1Cena passed out in Rusev's finisher, The Accolade and the match's outcome was announced as a submission victory for Rusev.
Official Fastlane website
2015 in the United States
Smith v. Allwright  (1944), was a landmark decision by the United States Supreme Court.
The decision made it unconstitutional to keep African Americans from voting in a Democratic Party primary in Texas.
By extension it covered white primaries in all states.
It overturned Grovey v. Townsend (1935) which had allowed the Democratic party to hold all-white primaries that excluded black voters.
The all-white primary
The Reconstruction Amendments to the United States Constitution gave African Americans freedom from slavery, citizenship and the right to vote.
But many former slave states came up with ways to keep blacks from voting.
These included poll taxes, literacy tests and complex voter registration laws.
While these worked in most southern states, it did not work in Texas.
The party needed the Hispanic vote but wanted to exclude blacks.
They needed also to split the black and hispanic vote.
Texas, like most southern states, was a one-party state.
The Democratic party controlled politics.
The state and local primary elections decided which candidate would ultimately win office in the general election.
Democrats in Texas used the "white primary" to serve their purposes.
It prohibited non-whites from joining the Democratic party and taking part in primary elections.
It could be used also to exclude Mexican Americans in areas of the state where the party did not need them.
The Reconstruction Amendments applied to the state.
But in Grovey v. Townsend the state of Texas was allowed to pass on its responsibility for protecting black voter rights to a private organization—the Democratic party.
This allowed Texas to use the all-white primary.
In another decision, Grovey v. Townsend (1935), the Supreme Court decided that the Democratic Party was a private organization.
Their state convention could decide who can be a member.
Lonnie E. Smith, a Houston dentist, and the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) decided to fight this decision.
In Smith v. Allwright (1944), the court overturned the Grovey ruling.
A majority of the justices decided that the Democratic party was more than a private organization.
It was a part of the election process in Texas.
For this reason the court said that it was  unconstitutional to stop African Americans from voting in the Democratic primary.
Smith v. Allwright - Impact
Smith v. Allwright, The Oyez Project
Peng Hsin-yi (; 4 December 1990 – 21 April 2015), better known by her stage name Cindy Yang (Chinese: 楊又穎), was a Taiwanese actress and model.
She was known for her appearances on 100% Entertainment and the movie First of May (2015).
Yang was born in Taichung.
She was the daughter of politician Peng Tso-kwei.
She committed suicide by helium inhalation on 21 April 2015, aged 24.
Her funeral was held on 24 April.
Ali Abu Mukhammad (), also known as Ali Abu Muhammad al-Dagestani, born Aliaskhab Alibulatovich Kebekov (), was a Dagestani militant Islamist in Russia and the leader of the Caucasus Emirate following the death of inaugural leader Dokka Umarov.
The United States Department of State added Kebekov to its list of Specially Designated Global Terrorists on March 25, 2015.
Sixto Valencia Burgos (March 28, 1934 – April 23, 2015) was a Mexican cartoon artist.
He was best known for drawing famed Mexican cartoon character Memín Pinguín.
He also worked as a cartoonist for MAD magazine.
Bio from amiens.com
Cartoonist defends stereotyped image on new Mexican stamps
Artists from Mexico City
Meyer (Mike) Howard Abrams (July 23, 1912 – April 21, 2015), usually cited as M. H. Abrams, was an American literary critic.
He was known for works on Romanticism, in particular his book The Mirror and the Lamp.
Eductors from New Jersey
Long Branch is a beach side city in Monmouth County, New Jersey, United States.
As of the 2010 United States Census, the city's population was 30,719.
Aziz Aslimanesh (‎; 9 April 1938 – 23 April 2015), better known as Aziz Asli, was an Iranian football goalkeeper, manager, painter, and actor.
He played for teams such as Persepolis F.C. and his country from the late 1940s until the early 1970s.
He managed Zob Ahan Isfahan F.C. for a short time.
He also acted in movies before the Islamic Revolution.
Asli was born in Tabriz.
He died on 23 April 2015 in Munich, Germany, aged 77.
Team Melli stats
Iranian association football goalkeepers
The desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria) is a species of locust.
Plagues of desert locusts threaten agricultural production in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia.
They have done so for centuries.
The livelihood of one-tenth of the world’s human population may be affected by this voracious insect.
The destructive swarms of locusts do not form every year, but only when conditions are right for them.
The desert locust is potentially the most dangerous of the locust pests because of the ability of swarms to fly rapidly across great distances.
It has two to five generations per year.
The last major desert locust upsurge in 2004–05 caused crop loss in West Africa and reduced food supply in the area.
The desert locust alone is not responsible for famines, but it is a contributing factor.
The insect does not have complete metamorphosis.
Its larvae develop in stages called "instars".
As the larvae get closer to adulthood, they are called "nymphs" or "hoppers".
There are two kinds of hopper: solitary and gregarious.
In the solitary phase the hoppers do not group together but move about independently.
Their colouring in the later instars tends to be greenish or brownish to match the colour of the herbage.
In the gregarious phase the hoppers bunch together and in the later instars develop a bold colouring with black markings on a yellow background.
The immatures are pink and the mature adults are bright yellow and fly during the day in dense swarms.
The change from a solitary insect to a voracious locust pack usually follows a period of drought, when rain falls at last, and vegetation flushes in desert locust breeding places.
The population builds up rapidly and the competition for food increases.
As hoppers get more crowded, the close physical contact causes the insects' hind legs to bump against one another.
This stimulus triggers a cascade of metabolic changes which move the insects from the solitary to the gregarious phase.
When the hoppers become gregarious, their colouration changes from largely green to yellow and black, and the adults change from brown to pink (immature) or yellow (mature).
Their bodies become shorter, and they give off a pheromone that causes them to be attracted to each other.
This causes swarm formation.
Pierre Claude Nolin (October 30, 1950 – April 23, 2015) was a Canadian politician.
He was the Speaker of the Senate from November 27, 2014 until his death.
He was also Senator for De Salaberry, Quebec from June 18, 1993.
He was a member of Conservative Party of Canada.
Nolin was born in Montreal, Quebec.
He studied at the University of Ottawa.
He married Camille Desjardins in 1976.
Nolin died from cancer on April 23, 2015 in Ottawa, Ontario.
Razan Zaitouneh or Zeitunah () is a Syrian human rights lawyer and activist.
She was born 29 April 1977.
In March 2013, Zeitouneh received the International Women of Courage Award from the U.S. State Department.
In December 2013, Zeitouneh disappeared in Syria.
Zaitouneh was part of the Syrian uprising.
She documented human rights in Syria for the Local Coordination Committees of Syria.
After the government accused her of being a foreign agent she went into hiding and her husband was arrested.
Zaitouneh finished law school in 1999.
In 2001 started her work as lawyer, and she became a member of the team of lawyers for defense of political prisoners.
In the same year, she was one of the founders of the Human Rights Association in Syria (HRAS).
In 2005, Zaitouneh started SHRIL (the Syrian Human Rights Information Link), to report about human rights problems in Syria.
In 2005, Zaitouneh became a member of the Committee to Support Families of Political Prisoners in Syria.
On 27 October 2011, Zaitouneh received the 2011 Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought, together with four other Arabs.
In 2011, she also received the Anna Politkovskaya Award.
In 2013, Zaitouneh received the International Women of Courage Award.
In December 2013, pro-opposition websites said that Zaitouneh was kidnapped along with her husband, Wael Hamadeh, and two colleagues, Samira Khalil and Nazem Hammadi, in the opposition-held town of Douma to the north of Damascus.
As of 4 February 2014, their location was still unknown.
The identity of the kidnappers was not certain, although they were suspected to be from the Islamist rebel group the Army of Islam.
European Parliament’s Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought, 2011.
The 2011 Anna Politkovskaya Award.
The Ibn Rushd Prize for Freedom of Thought for the year 2012 in Berlin.
International Women of Courage Award 2013
Profile at Huffington Post
Gideon (Gidi) Eilat (17 January 1924 - 21 April 2015) was a German-born Israeli military person.
He was a former member of the Palmach.
He was the commander of the third battalion of the Yiftach Brigade during the War of Independence.
His highest rank was that of lieutenant colonel (sgan aluf).
He was active in the Kibbutz Artzi movement.
Eilat was one of the founders of the Civil Guard of the Israel Police Department.
He was also a member of Kibbutz Beit Alfa.
Eilat was born in Königsberg, Germany (now Kaliningrad, Russia).
He was raised in Tel Aviv, Israel.
Eilat died at a hospital in Beit Alfa, Israel at the age of 91.
Alpine is a city in the state of Texas in the United States.
It is the county seat of Brewster County.
About 6,054 people lived there in 2013.
Alpine was first named Osborn for the part of the railroad that it was near.
From 1883 to 1888, Alpine was named Murphyville, for the owners of the land where the spring was that the railroad used to get water for its steam locomotives.
Sul Ross State University opened in Alpine in Summer of 1920.
Big Bend National Park was started near Alpine on June 12, 1944.
Both of these things forced people to move to Alpine.
Francis Tsai (April 14, 1967 – April 23, 2015) was an American comic book artist, illustrator, author and conceptual artist.
He was of Taiwanese and Japanese ancestry.
Tsai also contributed covers and interior art for Marvel Comics.
Tsai provided interior artwork for a number of Dungeons & Dragons manuals for Wizards of the Coast, including Sharn: City of Towers, Monster Manual III, d20 Future, Races of Eberron, Lost Empires of Faerûn, Explorer's Handbook, Tome of Magic: Pact, Shadow, and Truename Magic, Power of Faerûn, and d20 Future Tech.
He also worked on movies such as Sucker Punch and TMNT - Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles.
In 2010, at the age of 42, Tsai was diagnosed with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's Disease.
He died April 23, 2015.
Francis Tsai official website
Robert Patrick "Bob" Casey, Sr. (
January 9, 1932 – May 30, 2000) was an American politician from Pennsylvania.
A member of the Democratic Party, he served as the 42nd Governor of Pennsylvania from 1987 to 1995.
He previously served as a state senator (1963–68) and Auditor General of Pennsylvania (1969–77).
Richard Nelson Corliss (March 6, 1944 – April 23, 2015) was an American movie critic.
He was one of several editors of Time magazine who focused on movies, with occasional articles on other subjects.
He created the widely used term "Drop Dead Gorgeous" in 1985 when describing Michelle Pfeiffer's performance in the movie, Into the Night.
Biography  - from Time magazine
Biography - from Allmovie
Corliss's Top Ten Picks  - a yearly breakdown of Corliss's favorite movies.
Top 100 Movies Ever  - Corliss and fellow Time critic Richard Schickel's list of the greatest movies ever made
Władysław Bartoszewski  (February 19, 1922 in Warsaw – April 24, 2015 in Warsaw) was a Polish politician, social activist, journalist, writer, historian, former Auschwitz concentration camp prisoner, World War II Resistance fighter, Polish underground activist, participant of the Warsaw Uprising, twice the Minister of Foreign Affairs, chevalier of the Order of the White Eagle, and an honorary citizen of Israel and a member of the International Honorary Council of the European Academy of Diplomacy.
Peter Howell (1919 – 20 April 2015) was an English actor.
He was known for his appearances on Emergency – Ward 10, The Avengers, The Prisoner, Doctor Who, The Lord of the Rings, and Yes Minister.
Howell was born in London.
He died after a short illness on 20 April 2015 in Northwood, aged 95/96.
Rex Robinson (1926 – April 2015) was a British actor.
He was best known for appearing in three Doctor Who serials in the 1970s, all directed by Australian Lennie Mayne.
He also appeared in television series such as Z-Cars, The Onedin Line, Within These Walls, Terry and June, The Professionals, Only Fools and Horses, and Yes Minister.
He also appeared in the movie Superman IV: The Quest for Peace (1987).
Robinson was born in Derby, Derbyshire.
He was married to actress Patricia Prior until his death.
He died in April 2015, aged 89.
Leonard Edward "Lennie" Mayne (8 November 1927 – 20 May 1977) was an Australian television director.
He was best known for directing four Doctor Who serials, The Curse of Peladon (1972), The Three Doctors (1972), The Monster of Peladon (1974) and The Hand of Fear (1976).
He also worked on television series such as Dr. Finlay's Casebook, Warship and The Onedin Line.
He was married to actress Frances Pidgeon, with whom he had twin daughters.
Mayne died by drowning in a sailing accident on the English Channel in May 1977.
His life is documented in the film, Looking For Lennie, which is featured on the Bluray release of the Doctor Who story, The Three Doctors.
Call of Duty: Black Ops III is a first-person shooter video game.
The Call of Duty game was developed by Treyarch and published by Activision.
The game was announced on April 9, 2015 and was fully revealed on April 26, 2015.
It was released on November 6, 2015 on Xbox One, PlayStation 4, Microsoft Windows and  also on PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360.
Black Ops III
The titan arum, Amorphophallus titanum, is a flowering plant with the largest unbranched inflorescence in the world.
The titan arum's inflorescence is not as large as that of the talipot palm, Corypha umbraculifera, but the inflorescence of the talipot palm is branched rather than unbranched.
Due to its odor, which is like the smell of a decomposing animal, the titan arum is called a 'carrion flower', or 'corpse flower', or 'corpse plant'.
For the same reason, the name 'corpse flower' is also used for the genus Rafflesia which, like the titan arum, grows in the rainforests of Sumatra.
The function of the smell is to attract insect pollinators.
Both male and female flowers grow in the same inflorescence.
The female flowers open first, and only lasts (or is "receptive") about 12 to 24 hours.
Then a day or two following, the male flowers open.
This usually prevents the flower from self-pollinating.
The popular name "titan arum" was invented by the broadcaster and naturalist Sir David Attenborough for his BBC series The Private Life of Plants, in which the flowering and pollination of the plant were filmed for the first time.
Attenborough felt that calling the plant Amorphophallus on a popular TV documentary would be inappropriate.
Corypha umbraculifera, the talipot palm, is a species of palm native to eastern and southern India and Sri Lanka.
It is also in Cambodia, Myanmar (Burma), Thailand and the Andaman Islands.
It is one of the largest palms in the world.
Individuals have reached up to 25 m (82 ft) with stems up to 1.3 m (4.25 ft) in diameter.
It is a fan palm (Arecaceae tribe Corypheae), with large leaves up to 5 m (16 ft) in diameter, with a leaf stem up to 4 m (13 ft), and up to 130 leaflets.
The talipot palm bears the largest inflorescence of any plant, 6-8 m (20-26 ft) long, consisting of one to several million small flowers borne on a branched stalk at the top of the trunk.
The talipot palm flowers only once, when it is 30 to 80 years old.
It takes about a year for the fruit to mature, producing thousands of round, yellow-green fruit 3-4 cm (1.2-1.6 in) in diameter, each containing a single seed.
The plant dies after fruiting.
Stand by Me Doraemon is a 2014 Japanese 3D animated movie.
This movie  also known as Doraemon 3D. It is based on the popular manga and anime series Doraemon.
The movie was released in Japan on 8 August 2014.
Himawari no Yakusoku (ひまわりの約束) by Motohiro Hata
On 24 February 2015, a mass shooting happened at the  restaurant in the town of Uherský Brod, Czech Republic.
The gunman, 63-year-old Zdeněk Kovář, killed eight people and injured another.
He was in the restaurant for around two hours ( 12:30 p.m.–14:23 p.m.) before the tactical team went into the building.
After they entered the building, the gunman committed suicide (killed himself).
History of the Czech Republic
A p-type semiconductor is an extrinsic type of semiconductor.
When a trivalent impurity (like Boron, Aluminum etc.)
is added to an intrinsic or pure semiconductor (silicon or germanium), it is said to be a p-type semiconductor.
Trivalent impurities such as boron (B), gallium (Ga), indium (In), aluminum (Al) etc.
are called acceptor impurity.
Ordinary semiconductors are made of materials that do not conduct (or carry) an electric current very well but are not highly resistant to doing so.
They fall half way between conductors and insulators.
An electric current occurs when electrons move through a material.
In order to move, there must be an electron 'hole' in the material for the electron to move into.
A p-type semiconductor has more holes than electrons.
This allows the current to flow along the material from hole to hole but only in one direction.
Semiconductors are most often made from silicon.
Silicon is an element with four electrons in its outer shell.
To make a p-type semiconductor extra materials like boron or aluminum are added to the silicon.
These materials have only three electrons in their outer shell.
When the extra material replaces some of the silicon it leaves a 'hole' where the fourth electron would have been if the semiconductor was pure silicon.
P-type semiconductors are made by doping the pure semiconductor material.
The exact character of the semiconductor can be changed by varying the amount of 'dopant' that is added.
In p-type semiconductors the number of holes is much higher than that of thermally generated electrons.
p-type semiconductors are the impure or extrinsic semiconductors.
Trivalent atoms are doped with intrinsic semiconductors to produce p-type semiconductors.
Concentration of holes is greater than the concentration of electrons in p-type semiconductors.
That means holes are the majority carriers in p-type semiconductors.
Majority current flow in p-type semiconductors are caused by the movement of holes inside it. (
How the holes move in semiconductor?)
p-type semiconductors have greater conductivity than the pure or intrinsic semiconductors.
p-type semiconductor behaves like an intrinsic semiconductor at very high temperature.
Boron doped Silicon, Aluminum doped Silicon, Boron doped Germanium etc.
are the examples of p-type semiconductors.
Intrinsic and Extrinsic semiconductor materials by Electronics & Physics
P-type Semiconductor material
The Finger Plan () is an urban plan from 1947 which provides a strategy for the development of the Copenhagen metropolitan area in Denmark.
According to the plan, all future development of Copenhagen would be along five 'fingers'.
These grouped business areas would be near S-train commuter rail lines.
The finger-line areas extend from the 'palm' which represents the dense urban area of central Copenhagen.
Between the 'fingers', is land for agriculture and recreational use.
By the definition used in the Finger Plan, the metropolitan area has a population of 1,930,260 (1 October 2011).
It has an area of  over 34 municipalities.
In 2007 the Finger Plan was updated to the "Finger Plan 2007".
This plan is written into the laws and is legally binding over Greater Copenhagen.
The Finger Plan for 2007 does share the metropolitan area like this:
Inner metropolitan area (the palm)
Outer metropolitan area (the fingers)
the green areas (the space between the fingers)
The other metropolitan area (as are for the end of the fingers)
Mullumbimby is a town in New South Wales, Australia.
It is sometimes called The Biggest Little Town in Australia.
High Rock Lake is a reservoir lake located in Davidson and Rowan counties of North Carolina.
It serves as a border between them.
It is a reservoir for hydroelectric power generation.
It is the northernmost of the Uwharrie Lakes.