the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
Before she hosted talk shows, Gifford's first television appearance was Tom Kennedy's singer/sidekick on Name That Tune, from 1974-1978.
Kathie Lee Gifford was born in Paris, France.
Her birth name is Kathryn Lee Epstein.
She is the daughter of Joan (née Cuttell; born January 20, 1930), a singer, and Aaron Epstein (March 19, 1924 – November 19, 2002), a musician and former U.S. Navy officer.
Aaron Epstein was stationed with his family in France when Gifford was born.
Gifford grew up in Bowie, Maryland, and attended Bowie High School.
When she was in high school, Gifford was a singer in a folk group, "Pennsylvania Next Right," which performed frequently at school assemblies.
As a senior in high school she dated and went to the prom with Michael Bray.
After her graduation in high school, Gifford attended Oral Roberts University in Tulsa, Oklahoma.
In Oral Roberts University she studied drama and music.
Gifford's paternal grandfather was of Russian Jewish descent and her paternal grandmother was of Native American ancestry.
Her mother was a relative of Rudyard Kipling, was of French Canadian, English and German descent and was raised in a snake handler family.
After seeing the Billy Graham produced film, The Restless Ones at age 12, Gifford became a born-again Christian.
She told Larry King, "I was raised with many Jewish traditions and raised to be very grateful for my Jewish heritage."
Her brother, Rev. David Paul Epstein, is an evangelical Baptist preacher and pastor of Calvary Baptist Church in New York City.
During one summer in the early 1970s, she was a live-in secretary/babysitter for Anita Bryant at her home in Miami.
Gifford's career took off in the 1970s (during her first marriage to Christian composer, arranger, producer and publisher Paul Johnson) as a vocalist on the game show Name That Tune with Tom Kennedy (she performed the "sing a tune" segment as Kathie Lee Johnson).
In 1978, she joined the cast of the short-lived Hee Haw spinoff, Hee Haw Honeys.
Live with Regis and Kathie Lee
After she was divorced from Johnson in 1983, Gifford met sports commentator Frank Gifford (born August 16, 1930) during an episode of ABC's Good Morning America; they both married in 1986.
By that time she was several months into her most famous television role, as a full-time morning talk show personality.
On June 24, 1985, she replaced Ann Abernathy as co-host of The Morning Show on WABC-TV with Regis Philbin.
The program went into national broadcast in 1988 as Live!
with Regis and Kathie Lee, and Gifford became well-known across the country.
In the 1990s, millions of morning-TV viewers watched her descriptions of life at home with her husband and their two children.
She appeared as a spokesperson for Slim Fast diet shakes after her son, Cody, was born.
She also was a celebrity of Carnival Cruises in the late 1980s and early 1990s, singing "If my friends could see me now!"
Gifford left Live with Regis and Kathie Lee on 2000 after 15 years to focus on spending time with family and continue her singing career.
1996 sweatshop controversy
In 1996 the National Labor Committee, a human rights group, reported that sweatshop labor was being used to make clothes for the Kathie Lee line, sold at Walmart.
The group reported that a worker in Honduras smuggled a piece of clothing out of the factory, which had a Kathie Lee label on it.
One of the workers, Wendy Diaz, came to the United States to testify about the conditions under which she worked.
Diaz commented, "I wish I could talk to [Kathie Lee].
If she's good, she will help us."
Labor activist, Charles Kernaghan, spoke on media.
He accused Gifford of being responsible for the sweatshop management activity.
Gifford addressed Kernaghan's allegations on the air during Live, explaining that she was not involved with hands-on project management in factories.
Gifford later contacted Federal authorities to investigate the issue and worked with U.S. Federal legislative and executive branch agencies to support and enact laws to protect children against sweat shop conditions.
She met with President Bill Clinton at the White House in order to support of the government's initiatives to counter international sweatshop abuses.
On March 31, 2008, NBC announced that Gifford was to join its morning show, Today, as co-host of the fourth hour, alongside Hoda Kotb.
This marked her return to morning television; in many markets, she now airs directly after her old show, now called Live!
Because the fourth hour of Today airs live at 10:00am ET, and Live!
with Kelly and Michael airs live at 9:00am ET, Gifford's hour does not compete directly with her former show in most markets.
Kotb and Gifford replaced Ann Curry and Natalie Morales.
She started hosting Today on April 7, 2008 with Hoda Kotb.
Prince-electors  were the group of rulers of German countries which elected the Holy Roman Emperor.
In English they were usually called "Electors" and included the Elector of Brandenburg, who also began ruling as King of Prussia, and the Electors of Hanover, who were also kings of Great Britain after 1714.
In 1692 the Duke of Hanover was made an Elector of the Holy Roman Emperor.
After then the Dukes were usually called Electors of Hanover, .
Queen Anne of England and Great Britain had no children, Sophia-Dorothea was chosen as her protestant heir.
When Anne died in 1714, Sophia Dorothea's son the Elector of Hanover became King George I of Great Britain.
1692 establishments
They are not actually shrimps, but members of the order Stomatopoda.
There are about 400 species.
They hold their body in a manner like that of a praying mantis, and have large, complex eyes.
Some species can be 30 cm long.
Attack methods
Spearers are armed with spiny appendages topped with barbed tips, used to stab and snag prey.
Smashers, on the other hand, have a club as an appendage, and a simpler spear.
The spear is quite sharp and used in fights between their own kind.
The club is used to bludgeon and smash their prey.
In smashers, these two weapons are employed with blinding quickness, and hit their prey with the speed of a bullet.
This is one of the fastest responses known to man.
Smashers use this ability to attack snails, crabs, molluscs and rock oysters; their blunt clubs enabling them to crack the shells of their prey into pieces.
Spearers, on the other hand, prefer the meat of softer animals, like fish, which their barbed claws can more easily slice and snag.
Cavitation shock waves
Because they strike so rapidly, they generate cavitation bubbles between the appendage and the striking surface.
The collapse of these bubbles hits their prey in addition to the impact of the appendage against the striking surface.
This means that the prey is hit twice by a single strike; first by the claw and then by the collapsing cavitation bubbles that immediately follow.
Even if the initial strike misses the prey, the resulting shock wave can be enough to kill or stun the prey.
Their eyes are mounted on mobile stalks and constantly move about independently of each other.
They are considered to be the most complex eyes in the animal kingdom.
Some species have at least 16 different photoreceptor types, 12 of them for colour analysis in the different wavelengths (including four which are sensitive to ultraviolet light) and four of them for analysing polarised light.
By comparison, humans have only four visual pigments, three dedicated to see colour.
Function of eyesight
Females are only fertile during certain phases of the tidal cycle; the ability to perceive the phase of the moon may therefore help prevent wasted mating efforts.
It may also give mantis shrimp information about the size of the tide, which is important for species living in shallow water near the shore.
Dukes of Saxony
Hadugato (ruled about 531)
Berthoald (ruled about 627)
Theoderic (ruled about 743-744)
Widukind (ruled about 777-810)
Abo (ruled about 785-811)
Banzleib (830s)
Ottonian Dynasty
Billung Dynasty
Supplinburg Dynasty
Welf Dynasty
Ascanian Dynasty
When the Welfs left in 1180, the Duchy of Saxony lost a lot of territory.
Westphalia fell to the Archbishop of Cologne, while the Duchies of Brunswick and Lüneburg remained with the Welfs.
The Ascanian Dukes had their base further east, near the Elbe, so the name Saxony moved towards the east.
The post carve-up Saxony is therefore sometimes called the younger Duchy of Saxony.
Also the counting of its dukes its mixed up.
While the first post carve-up duke is sometimes called Bernard III - because of two predecessors of the same name before 1180 - or Bernard I with his great-great-great-great grandson Bernard II being counted second.
The second post carve-up duke Albert I is already usually counted as the first, although before 1180 he had one predecessor of the same name, his grandfather Albert the Bear.
Ascanian or younger Duchy of Saxony
The new dukes changed the Saxon horse emblem () and used their Ascanian family colours and emblem (black and gold stripes) () and added a "bendwise crancelin", a crown diagonally across the coat of arms, symbolising the Saxon ducal crown, as new coat-of-arms of Saxony ().
The later rulers of the House of Wettin adopted the Ascanian coat-of-arms.
Dukes of Saxe-Lauenburg
Since the Duke of Saxony was considered one of the prince-electors electing a new Holy Roman Emperor, there was an argument between the lines of Lauenburg and Wittenberg about who should cast Saxony's vote.
In 1314 both lines found themselves on different sides in a double election.
Eventually, the Dukes of Saxe-Wittenberg succeeded in 1356 after the promulgation of the Golden Bull.
To distinguish him from other rulers bearing the title Duke of Saxony, he was commonly called Elector of Saxony.
Eric I 1296–1303 joint rule, then ruling until 1360 in Saxe-Bergedorf, partitioned from Saxe-Lauenburg (see section Dukes of Saxe-Ratzeburg-Lauenburg below in this article)
John II 1296–1303 joint rule, then ruling until 1321 in Saxe-Ratzeburg, partitioned from Saxe-Lauenburg (see section Dukes of Saxe-Bergedorf-Mölln below in this article)
Albert III 1296–1303 joint rule, then ruling until 1308 in Saxe-Ratzeburg, partitioned from Saxe-Lauenburg, dying without issue Eric I inherited his share
In 1303 the brothers split their inheritance between them, however, only two brothers had heirs creating the Bergedorf-Mölln and the Ratzeburg-Lauenburg lines.
Dukes of Saxe-Bergedorf-Mölln
John II, 1285–1321, rivalled as Saxon Prince-Elector by his cousin Rudolph I of Saxe-Wittenberg
Albrecht (Albert) IV, 1321–1343.
John III, 1343–1356.
Albrecht (Albert) V, 1356–1370.
Eric III, 1370–1401.
Dukes of Saxe-Ratzeburg-Lauenburg
Eric I, 1305–1361 (joint rule until 1308).
Eric II, 1361–1368.
Eric IV, 1368–1412.
Dukes of Saxe-Lauenburg (1401-1876)
Dukes of Saxe-Wittenberg
Wettin Dukes of Saxony
Albertine Dukes of Saxony
Ernestine Dukes of Saxony
Following their displacement by the Albertines, the Ernestine branch of the Wettins continued to rule in southern Thuringia as "Dukes of Saxony", but their lands eventually split up into many different tiny "Ernestine duchies".
Of these, Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Saxe-Meiningen, and Saxe-Altenburg lasted until 1918.
This article does not list the subsequent Ernestine dukes.
The Golden Bull of 1356 confirmed the right to participate in the election of a Holy Roman Emperor to the Duke of Saxony in the Saxe-Wittenberg line.
Kings of Saxony
The Holy Roman Empire came to an end in 1806.
The Elector of Saxony, allied to Napoleon I, anticipated its dissolution by becoming the ruler of an independent Kingdom of Saxony in 1806.
Heads of the Albertine Branch of the House of Wettin (since 1918)
Saxony became a republic at the end of the German Empire in 1918.
Frederick Augustus III of Saxony, 1918-1932.
Frederick Christian, Margrave of Meissen, 1932-1968.
Maria Emanuel, Margrave of Meissen, since 1968.
House Laws of the Kingdom of Saxony
Base Ball Bear is a Japanese rock band from Tokyo, Japan.
Base Ball Bear has four members in the band; the current band members are Yūsuke Koide, Shiori Sekine and Daisuke Horinouchi.
The band, originally called “Planet,” was formed by four friends for a one-time performance at a high school culture festival.
But they decided to continue playing because of how well they were received at the festival and how much fun they were having.
The band was afviced by Toshiba EMI to change their name after sending their demo tapes to record labels and they chose Base Ball Bear which they got from Chocolate's song, Base Ball and Elvis Presley.
The band currently has Yūsuke Koide on Vocals and guitar, Shiori Sekine on bass guitar and backing vocals and Daisuke Horinouchi on drums and chorus.
Shōhei Yuasa, who used to play the guitar along with them, left the band on March 2nd, 2016.
Yūsuke Koide – Vocals/guitar
Shiori Sekine – bass guitar/backing vocals
Daisuke Horinouchi – drums/chorus
Shōhei Yuasa - guitar
Official website (Japanese)
The Pontiac Bonneville is an American automobile.
It was introduced in 1957 and discontinued in 2005 model year.
The Bonneville was available as a convertible, sedan or coupe.
This car was distributed through the Pontiac division of General Motors.
The Pontiac Grand Prix was an American-made car.
It was first introduced around 1962.
The car was sold through the Pontiac division of General Motors.
They stopped selling the car in 2008.
Born in London, where her parents lived at the time, she was named for the River Aeron.
In 1949, the family moved to the Boat House, Laugharne, Carmarthenshire, Wales.
She learnt Italian and became a translator of Italian poetry.
She was also known as an ambassador for her father's work, and as a patron of the Dylan Thomas Society.
Visiting professor in schools and universities in the U.K. and abroad, in the late ‘90s  she was very popular with the students of Giuseppe Perotti School in Torino, Italy,  for her "creative writing" courses.
Works (selection)
Later than Laugharne  (Celtion, 1976)
Christmas in the Boathouse (2003)
A daughter remembers Dylan (Merton Books, 2006) - an expanded version of the booklet Christmas and Other Memories
I Colori Delle Parole (Rotaract, 2007) -  includes poems by Aeronwy Thomas and paintings by Gianpiero Actis (in Italian and English)
Burning Bridges (Cross-Cultural Communications, Merrick, New York, 2008)
Shadows and Shades - Selected Poems (Poetry Monthly Press, 2009)
My Father's Places (Constable, 2009)
Droseraceae is a family of flowering plants.
The family is also known under its common name, the sundew family.
It consists of carnivorous plants: besides the sundews, the genus Drosera, it also contains the even more famous Venus flytrap (Dionaea muscipula).
The sundews produce sticky substances on their leaves that traps prey, and the Venus fly trap has leaves that form traps that close when disturbed.
Amaranthaceae is a family of flowering plants are the Amaranth family, contains about 160 genera and 2,400 species.
Most of these species are herbs or subshrubs; very few are trees or climbers.
Art Fleming (May 1, 1924-April 25, 1995) was an American television host.
He is best known as the original host of the game show Jeopardy!
from 1964 until 1975 and again from 1978 to 1979.
on 1964 to 1979 The All New Jeopardy Before Alex Trebek or Other Art Fleming Born on May 1 1924-April 1995
His full name was Arthur Fleming Fazzin.
He was born in New York City to William and Marie Fazzin, who had emigrated to the United States from Austria.
Art studied at Colgate and Cornell Universities, and he later served in the United States Navy during World War II.
Fleming first appeared on television as a body double for Ralph Bellamy in a detective series called Man Against Crime.
He later starred in movies like The Flying Tigers and International Detective.
He also played a lawyer named Jeremy Pitt in an NBC series called The Californians.
It was set during the gold rush in San Francisco in the 1850s.
He also appeared in television commercials before becoming the first host of the game show Jeopardy!
on March 30, 1964.
Fleming hosted Jeopardy!
until 1975.
He won two Emmy Awards for that program.
Premierie on NBC on 1964 Until End 1979 by Merv Griffin Productions
David Herman is an American actor, comedian and voice actor best known as an original cast member of MADtv and for his role as Michael Bolton in Office Space.
He is also known for his voice roles on television programs such as Futurama, and King of the Hill.
David Herman was born in New York City and raised in Washington Heights.
He graduated from the Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School of Music & Art and Performing Arts in 1987, then attended the acting program at SUNY Purchase.
Herman appeared in the films Born on the Fourth of July, Lost Angels and Let It Be Me, but he is probably best known for his role as Michael Bolton in Mike Judge's Office Space.
Earlier, Herman had joined the cast of John Leguizamo's House of Buggin' in 1994; however, that show was short-lived.
When FOX decided to mount a sketch comedy show to replace House of Buggin''', Herman was kept on as an original MADtv'' cast member.
Voice and video game appearances
Dimples are genetically inherited indentations of the skin.
The Ford Aerostar was the first minivan manufactured by Ford.
The vehicle was introduced in 1985 as a 1986 model.
The Aerostar was discontinued after 1997 and replaced by the Windstar, which was sold alongside since 1995.
although Aerostar's role went unfilled until the 2010 introduction of the Ford Transit Connect van.
Acinetobacter baumannii is a species of pathogenic bacteria, referred to as an aerobic gram-negative bacterium, which is resistant to most antibiotics.
As a result of its resistance to drug treatment, some estimates state the disease is killing tens of thousands of U.S. hospital patients each year and specialists say they could emerge as a bigger threat.
They are typically short, almost round, and rod shaped.
The illness can cause severe pneumonia and infections of the urinary tract, bloodstream and other parts of the body.
Strict weak ordering is a binary relation on a set.
Such relations define a strict ordering, but they contain several elements of the same type.
An example might be the relation "costs less than", or "is cheaper than".
For any two elements that are of different types, the relation holds.
On the other hand, there are some elements that cannot be ordered that way, because they are of the same type.
An example for such a relation may be the relation, costs less than: milk may cost less than bread, and bread may cost less than cake.
Two items of different types may cost less than another, but they can otherwise have the same price.
Colour vision is the capacity of an organism to distinguish objects based on the wavelengths (or frequencies) of the light they reflect, emit, or transmit.
Colour is a quality made by the visual brain and not a property of objects.
A 'red' apple does not emit red light.
Rather, it simply absorbs all the frequencies of visible light shining on it except for a group of frequencies that are reflected.
The visible light spectrum ranges from about 380 to 740 nanometers.
Colors of the spectrum such as red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue, and violet are in this range.
These spectral colors do not refer to a single wavelength, but rather to a set of wavelengths: red, 625–740 nm; orange, 590–625 nm; yellow, 565–590 nm; green, 500–565 nm; cyan, 485–500 nm; blue, 450–485 nm; violet, 380–450 nm.
The nervous system derives colour by comparing the responses to light from the several types of cone photoreceptors in the eye.
These cone photoreceptors are sensitive to different portions of the visible spectrum.
For humans, the visible spectrum ranges approximately from 380 to 740 nm, and there are normally three types of cones.
The visible range and number of cone types differ between species.
With colour vision gets better vision (more information) about the things it sees.
This lets it see when fruit or vegetables are ripe, and lets it see animals hiding from plain sight.
The advantage of colour vision is mainly in the daytime.
At night the main problem is to collect light and see in the weak light.
This is something rods do better than cones.
Types of colour vision
Colour vision is not an all-or-none state.
Many groups of animals can distinguish colour, but in different ways.
In mammals, for instance, some groups have no colour vision, and some are dichromats.
The dichromats have two kinds of cones, and cannot see ultraviolet, red and orange light.
It is thought that the mammals which survived though the Jurassic period were small nocturnal or burrowing animals with little need to see colour.
Later, after the extinction of the dinosaurs, many lines adapted to be more active in the daytime.
Most developed a form of colour vision, which is much more useful in the daytime.
Primates developed full (trichromacy) colour vision.
For them, the ability to distinguish the colour of fruit and leaves is almost essential.
Many insects have colour vision in the ultraviolet range, which humans do not.
That is why honey guides on flowers are so noticeable in ultraviolet light photographs.
fr:Vision#Vision des couleurs
Compound eyes consist of many photoreceptor units or ommatidia.
Each 'ommatidium' (singular) is an individual 'eye unit'.
The image perceived is a combination of inputs from ommatidia on a convex surface.
Thus they point in slightly different directions.
Compared with simple eyes, compound eyes possess a wide-angle view.
They can detect fast movement and, in some cases, the polarization of light.
The general picture
Eyes with resolving power have come in ten fundamentally different forms, and 96% of animal species possess a complex optical system.
Image-resolving eyes are present in molluscs, chordates and arthropods.
Types of compound eye
Compound eyes fall into two groups: apposition eyes, which form multiple inverted images, and superposition eyes, which form a single erect image.
Compound eyes are common in arthropods, and are also present in annelids and some bivalved molluscs.
Good fliers
Good fliers like flies or honey bees, or prey-catching insects like praying mantis or dragonflies, have specialized zones of ommatidia organized into a foveal area which gives acute vision.
In the acute zone the eyes are flattened and the facets larger.
The flattening allows more ommatidia to receive light from a spot and therefore higher resolution.
Another version is the pseudofaceted eye, as seen in Scutigera.
This type of eye consists of a cluster of numerous ocelli on each side of the head, organized in a way that resembles a true compound eye.
The capital city is Miyazaki.
Miyazaki Prefecture is on the eastern coast of the island of Kyūshū.
The southeast coastline faces the Pacific Ocean.
Ōita Prefecture is north of Miyazaki.
Kumamoto and Kagoshima Prefectures are to the west.
Miyazaki is one of only two locations on Earth where the fungus Chorioactis geaster lives.
Shrines and temples
Tsuno jinja is the main Shinto shrine (ichinomiya) in the prefecture.
Miyazaki Prefecture ;
JNTO, Miyazaki
Thundersnow is a thunderstorm with snow instead of rain.
This rare kind of weather is less rare around the Midwestern United States, the Great Lakes and Rocky Mountains, the Sea of Japan, and Mount Everest.
Thundersnow mostly happens in March.
A thunderstorm at the front of a wave of cold air or warm air (cold front or warm front)
The edge of a big ocean storm (or cyclone) where lower warm and higher cold air mix.
Thunderstorms going over a warm lake while the air is cold (or lake-effect).
Thunder can be heard many miles away, but thundersnow thunder can only be heard a few miles away.
The snow stops sounds of thunder more than rain does.
Alachua County is a county in the U.S. state of Florida, and was formed on February 29, 1824.
As of 2000, the population is 217,955.
Alachua County's seat is Gainesville.
They change from a resting state to a signalling state by absorbing light.
This activates the G protein, resulting in a signalling cascade which produces physiological responses.
Five groups of opsins are involved in vision.
Another opsin found in the mammalian retina, melanopsin, is involved in circadian rhythms and pupillary reflex, but not in image-forming.
Some opsins allows vision in just a short stretch of wavelength.
This is equivalent to seeing in only one colour.
Two opsins allow vision in two colours, and is usual in mammals.
Four opsins allows vision in full colour, and is usual in teleost fish, reptiles and birds.
In mammals, only Old World monkeys, apes and humans have trichromacy, full colour vision.
"...two cone opsin gene families appear in contemporary eutherian mammals and, with the exception of some primates, none of these animals derive more than a single photopigment type from each of their two gene families".
Sinoceratops, whose name means 'horned face from China', was a very large ceratopsian dinosaur.
The dinosaur used to live in what is now China during the Upper Cretaceous.
Sinoceratops is an ancestor of Styracosaurus and Centrosaurus.
The head of a full-grown Sinoceratops was probably about  long.
Crash Bandicoot (series), a video game series
Crash Bandicoot (character), the protagonist of the series
Crash Bandicoot (video game), the first game in the series
Crash Bandicoot: Warped (known in Europe as Crash Bandicoot 3: Warped) is the third video game for the Crash Bandicoot series.
Time trials were a new feature introduced with this game.
North America: October 31, 1998
Europe: November, 1998
Japan: December 17, 1998
Australia: October 31, 2000
Japan: September 27, 2007
North America: February 7, 2008
Europe: October 23, 2008
Crash Team Racing is a racing video game developed by Naughty Dog and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation.
The game was released in North America on September 30, 1999.
It was released in Europe and Australia later the same year.
It was released again for the Greatest Hits chain in 2000.
Crash Team Racing is the fourth game in the Crash Bandicoot series.
It is the first Crash Bandicoot racing game and the last to be developed by Naughty Dog.
The characters of the Crash Bandicoot series, must race against the evil Nitros Oxide and save their planet from destruction.
In the game, players can take control of one of fifteen Crash Bandicoot series characters.
Although only eight are available at first.
During the races, speed power-ups and other objects to use for safety, can be used to help the player win the game.
The game received very good reviews from video game critics.
They liked its gameplay and graphics.
However, the audio had a mixed review.
In 2003, Crash Nitro Kart, was released for the PlayStation 2, Nintendo GameCube, Xbox, Game Boy Advance and N-Gage game consoles.
It is not a sequel to Crash Team Racing.
With 2.2 million copies sold, Crash Team Racing remains one of the most popular PlayStation and best-selling video games as of 2012.
Crash Team Racing is a racing game in which the player controls characters from the Crash Bandicoot universe.
The characters compete in karts.
While racing, the player can accelerate, steer, reverse, brake, hop or use weapons and power-ups with the game controller's analog stick and buttons.
There are two different crates that are scattered throughout the tracks and arenas of Crash Team Racing.
Crates with question marks (?)
on them have power-ups and weapons.
Players must drive through and break the crate.
When a player collects a weapon or power-up, it will appear in a box at the top of the screen.
Once the player has this, they can destroy other racers with the weapon.
The power-ups can help the player's performance. "
Fruit Crates" carry "Wumpa Fruit" that increase the speed of the player's kart.
This strengthens the player's weapons and power-ups if ten of them are collected.
The power slide can be done by holding down one of the shoulder buttons to perform a hop, and steering before the kart lands.
While sliding, the "Turbo Boost Meter" on the lower-right corner of the screen fills up and goes from green to red.
To get a speed boost, the player quickly presses the opposite shoulder button while the Turbo Boost Meter is red.
The player can get three speed boosts in a row during a power slide.
The third speed boost is more powerful.
If the player waits too long into the power slide for a boost, the kart will spin around.
Fifteen characters are playable in Crash Team Racing.
However, only eight of them are playable from the start.
Crash Bandicoot, the protagonist of the series, is a playable character.
Doctor Neo Cortex, Crash's enemy, is a mad scientist.
He wants to stop Nitros Oxide so that he may take over the world himself.
Coco Bandicoot, Crash's younger sister, is a computer genius.
Doctor N. Gin is a rocket scientist.
He is Cortex follower and serves his master.
Pura and Polar's karts have low speed but better handling.
This allows them to get around tight corners.
Tiny Tiger and Dingodile's karts are built for top speed.
The main antagonist of the story, Nitros Oxide, believes he is the fastest racer in the galaxy.
He warns everyone about his plan to turn planet Earth into a concrete parking lot.
There are four bosses: Ripper Roo, Papu Papu, Komodo Joe and Pinstripe Potoroo.
The four bosses, along with a mistake clone of Crash Bandicoot named Fake Crash, become playable characters if the Adventure Mode is fully completed.
The player's tutors in the game are the twin witch doctor masks Aku Aku and Uka Uka.
They give hints that help the player develop their racing skills.
They become power-ups during the races.
They temporarily protect the player from all attacks.
However, their power does not protect the player from chasms or deep water.
The inhabitants of Earth are visited by an extraterrestrial named Nitros Oxide.
He claims to be the fastest racer in the galaxy.
He challenges Earth to a game called "Survival of the Fastest".
If Earth's driver wins, he promises to leave Earth alone.
However, if Oxide wins, he will turn Earth into a concrete parking lot and enslave the Earthlings.
In response, the player character gathers all four Boss Keys needed to enter Oxide's spaceship and races him in a one-on-one match.
Upon Oxide's defeat by the player character, he leaves Earth.
He promises that he will return when all of the Time Relics have been gathered.
Oxide faces the player again after all the Time Relics are gathered.
After losing once more, Oxide keeps his word and leaves Earth forever.
The end credits explains what the characters of the game did after the events of the story.
Nitros Oxide himself returns to his home planet of Gasmoxia and hides from society.
After years of therapy to cope with his loss, he tries to do unicycle-racing.
However, he gets into a bad accident.
How the game was created
Naughty Dog began production on Crash Team Racing after the completion of Crash Bandicoot 2: Cortex Strikes Back (1997).
The game engine for Crash Team Racing was created at the same time Crash Bandicoot 3: Warped (1998) was produced.
The characters of the game were designed by Charles Zembillas and Joe Pearson.
They had designed the characters of the last three games of the Crash Bandicoot series.
Nitros Oxide was originally a mad scientist who enjoys speed.
Oxide plotted to speed up the entire world until the end of time.
However, Zembillias and Pearson wanted the character to be an extraterrestrial.
Because they said there were already human, animal and machine bosses in the past.
David Baggett produced the game's soundtrack, with Mark Mothersbaugh and Josh Mancell of Mutato Muzika composing the music.
Sound effects were created by Mike Gollum, Ron Horwitz and Kevin Spears of Universal Sound Studios.
The voices of Doctor Neo Cortex and Uka Uka were provided by Clancy Brown.
The voices of Doctor N. Gin, Tiny Tiger and Pinstripe Potoroo were provided by voice actor Brendan O'Brien.
Additional voices were provided by David A. Pizzuto, Mel Winkler, Michael Ensign, Hynden Walch, Billy Pope, Mike Gollom, Michael Connor and Chip Chinery.
Crash Team Racing was given favorable reviews from critics.
Official PlayStation Magazine described Crash Team Racing as "the game that made kart racing cool".
Electronic Gaming Monthly believed that the game was "inspired [a lot] by Mario Kart, but still an amazing multiplayer racer."
Doug Perry of IGN said that the game was "rock solid" in its gameplay and graphics, but Perry did not like Crash's smile because it made him look evil.
Jeff Gerstmann of GameSpot called the game "a great Mario Kart clone", and that it succeeded where similar games like Mega Man Battle & Chase, Bomberman Fantasy Race, Diddy Kong Racing, Chocobo Racing and Mario Kart had failed.
Critics gave a mixed review of the game's audio.
The D-Pad Destroyer of GamePro said that the "whimsical" (no sound; which makes it very annoying) background music is "quite enjoyable" and the character sound bites are "varied enough to avoid becoming annoying."
Doug Perry of IGN said that the voice acting is "nothing really that cute, clever or memorable" in the game, and believed that Crash's voice in the game is very similar to that of Luigi from the Mario Kart series.
Jeff Gertsmann of GameSpot wrote that while the music and sound effects "push the game's cartoon theme," the themes were not too "over the top".
Joe Ottoson of Allgame believed that the characters "are all quite vocal", and the music "sets off the whimsical mood nicely".
There have been over 2.2 million copies sold of Crash Team Racing.
There were 1.71 million copies sold in Europe, 2.64 million copies sold in the United States, and under 500,000 copies sold in Japan.
As a result of its success, the game was re-released for the Sony Greatest Hits chain in 2000 and for the Platinum Range on January 12, 2001.
Crash Nitro Kart was released in 2003 for the PlayStation 2, Xbox, Nintendo GameCube, Game Boy Advance and N-Gage.
It is not a sequel to Crash Team Racing and was the first game in the Crash Bandicoot series to feature a full motion video.
The Official Crash Team Racing Website
Crash Bash (or Crash Bandicoot Carnival in Japan) is the fifth video game for the Crash Bandicoot series.
In this game, a variety of mini-games are available for the player to play.
The warp rooms were brought back here.
North America: November 6, 2000
Europe: December 1, 2000
Japan: December 14, 2000
Japan: March 21, 2008
Australia: October 31, 2009
Bowery, (commonly called The Bowery) is the name of a street and a small neighborhood in the southern Manhattan.
The name comes from the Dutch bouwerij, which is an old word for "farm."
The neighborhood is surrounded by the East Village to the north, Canal Street and Chinatown to the South, Allen Street and the Lower East Side to the east and Little Italy to the west.
The area was home to many Irish immigrants in the early 19th century after the Great Irish Famine.
Five Points (or The Five Points) was a slum (poor neighborhood) named after the five-cornered intersection of Anthony (now Worth St.), Cross (now Mosco), and Orange (now Baxter) in Manhattan it was located on.
However, over time, the intersection sometimes had four or six corners.
Five Points was the home of to a lot of Irish and Italian immigrants, and to the 18th century Five Points Gang.
What is Five Points?
She made her movie debut in the 2004 sports movie Friday Night Lights.
She had a recurring role on the television show, Hidden Palms as Greta Matthews.
Heard came out at GLAAD's 25th anniversary event.
From 2008 to 2011, she was in a relationship with photographer Tasya van Ree.
She began a relationship with Johnny Depp in 2012.
The couple became engaged in December 2013.
They married in February 2015.
In May 2016, she filed for divorce.
On 2020 it was revealed that she abused Depp and falsely accused him of domestic violence to ruin his career.
As a consequence of her actions, she was cancelled and blacklisted by Hollywood.
Friday Night Lights (2004) - Maria
Side FX (2005) -  Shay
Drop Dead Sexy (2005) - Candy
North Country (2005) - Young Josey Aime
Price To Pay (2006) - Trish
The Prince (2006) (TV movie) - Serena
You Are Here (2006) - Amber
Alpha Dog (2006) - Alma
Day 73 With Sarah (short film) (2007) - Mary
Remember the Daze (2007) - Julia
All the Boys Love Mandy Lane (2008) - Mandy Lane
Never Back Down (2008) - Baja Miller
Pineapple Express (2008) - Angie Anderson
The Informers (2009) - Gwen Pearson
Zombieland (2009) - 406
The Stepfather (2009) - Kelly Porter
ExTerminators (2009) - Nikki
The Joneses (2010) - Jenn Jones
The River Why (2010) - Eddy (Yet to be released)
And Soon the Darkness (2010) - Stephanie
The Ward (2010) - Kristen
Drive Angry (2011) - Piper
The Rum Diary (2011) - Chenault
Justice League (2017) - Mera
Aquaman (2018) - Mera
Magnoliids (or Magnoliidae or Magnolianae) are a group of flowering plants.
They are descendants of the earliest flowering plants: they keep some features which look like those of conifers.
The group include magnolias, nutmeg, bay laurel, cinnamon, avocado, black pepper, tulip tree and many others.
They  have three-part flowers, pollen with one pore, and usually branching-veined leaves.
The magnoliids has today about 9,000 species of flowering plants.
The group has many food crops (such as avocados) and many with psychotropic effects.
The famous Polynesian drink kava is prepared from a magnoliad, and nutmeg fruits are a source of the hallucinogen myristicin.
The name commelinids is a plant taxonomy (plural, not capitalised) is used by the APG II system for a clade within the monocots, which in its turn is a clade within the angiosperms.
The commelinids are the only clade that the APG II has named within the monocots, the remaining monocots are a paraphyletic unit, occasionally referred to as the "basal monocots".
The Ford Thunderbird is an American car manufactured by the Ford Motor Company starting in 1955.
The Thunderbird was also known as the T-Bird.
The car was often used in NASCAR races.
John Denver recorded a song in 1986 called "Along for the Ride", about the 1956 Thunderbird.
The words and music were by Danny O'Keefe and Bill Braun.
The Beach Boys had a big hit with the song "Fun Fun Fun" which also was about the Thunderbird.
The Chevrolet Camaro is a car manufactured by Chevrolet.
The Camaro was first sold in 1967.
It was designed to compete with Ford Mustang, which was a very successful car.
The Camaro was discontinued in 2002, but returned again in 2010 as a completely new car.
The current generation Camaro's body shell comes from GM Korea formerly known as GM Daewoo.
The Chevrolet Camaro was made to compete with the Ford Mustang.
It would eventually become one of the most popular pony cars.
The first-generation Camaro was made from 1967 to 1969.
It was designed as a sporty pony car.
The first-generation Camaro came with many different engines.
There were some inline-6s and some V8s.
It was available as a coupé or a convertible.
The design inspired the fifth-generation Camaro's design.
The third-generation Camaro was made from 1982 to 1992.
The fourth-generation Camaro was made from 1993 to 2002.
The fifth-generation Camaro was made from 2010 to 2015.
The sixth and current generation Camaro is made from 2016 to the present day.
The International Species Information System (ISIS) is an international non-profit organization that helps zoos and aquariums around the world.
ISIS gives its members software to collect and share information about animals.
The ISIS database has information on 2.4 million animals of 10,000 species.
ISIS members use basic information (age, sex, parents, place of birth, reports of deaths, etc.)
collected in the ISIS system to care for and manage their animals.
The National Wildlife Federation (NWF) is the United States' largest private, nonprofit conservation education and advocacy organization.
It has over four million members and supporters.
NWF seeks to educate people of all ages by publishing a variety of wildlife magazines, including Wild Animal Baby, Your Big Backyard, Ranger Rick, and National Wildlife Magazine, and by the Backyard Habitat series on Discovery's Animal Planet along with IMAX films, such as Coral Reef Adventure, India: Kingdom of the Tiger, Bears, Wolves, and Dolphins.
It has an online field guide of plants and animals called Enature.com.
Also, the NWF offers hands-on training and support for habitat restoration through its Backyard Wildlife Habitat and Schoolyard Habitat programs.
Board members
Larry J. Schweiger, President & Chief Executive Officer
Jaime Matyas, Executive Vice President & Chief Operating Officer
Dulce Gomez-Zormelo, Treasurer, VP for Finance & Chief Financial Officer
Cynthia Lewin, Secretary, Senior VP and General Counsel
Volunteer programs
Habitat Ambassadors
Habitat Steward Volunteers
Habitat Steward Hosts
The Louisiana Grant Project
Global Warming Ambassadors
Wildlife Literacy Ambassador
Frogwatch USA Volunteer
Behind the Scenes Volunteers
Thomas B. Allen, Guardian of the Wild: The Story of the National Wildlife Federation, 1936-1986 (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1987)
National Wildlife Federation Website
NWF Chief Naturalist Craig Tufts Memorial
Enature.com
Arizona Wildlife Viewing
NWF Budget Summary at CharityNavigator.com
Alaska Youth for Environmental Action Website
1936 establishments in the United States
The gums are the mucosal tissue that lies over the mandible and maxilla.
They are also called gingiva.
They surround the teeth and provide a seal around them.
About of healthy gums
Healthy gums are usually "coral pink."
Other colors like red, white, and blue can mean there is a problem.
Red gums mean that the patient has gingivitis, or the inflammation of the gum.
Reaction to disturbance
Gum graft
Head and neck anatomy
The Jacobson's organ, is part of the body that helps an animal smell things.
It is found in many animals.
It was discovered by Frederik Ruysch and later by Ludwig Jacobson in 1813.
It is also called the vomeronasal organ or VNO.
This body part is mainly used to detect  pheromones, chemicals that carry information between individuals of the same species.
So, sometimes it is called the "sixth sense."
The Los Angeles Zoo, founded in 1966, is a  zoo in  Los Angeles, California.
The City of Los Angeles owns the entire zoo, its land and buildings, and the animals.
Animal care, grounds maintenance, construction, education, public information, and administrative staff are city employees.
History and overview
The zoo, located in Los Angeles' Griffith Park, is home to 1,100 animals from around the world.
The first zoo opened in 1912 and was about two miles (3.2 km) north of its current site until about 1965.
In the 1971 20th Century Fox film Escape from the Planet of the Apes, the characters Zira and Cornelius are briefly kept at the Los Angeles Zoo.
Botanical Gardens
In 2002, the zoo became a certified Botanical Gardens and the official name of the institution was changed to the Los Angeles Zoo and Botanical Gardens.
There are 15 different collections around the zoo.
They show over 800 different plant species, with a total of over 7,400 individual plants.
Gottlieb Animal Health and Conservation Center
The Gottlieb Animal Health and Conservation Center is in a restricted area of the zoo.
Among other features, it includes a state-of-the-art intensive care unit, an on-site commissary, a surgical suite with observation area, and research facilities.
In 2007 the facility handled 853 medical cases.
The smallest patient treated was a spider tortoise (0.08 kg) and the largest was an Asian elephant (4,826 kg).
It is named after Robert and Suzanne Gottlieb.
Phil Bronstein (born October 4, 1950) was the executive vice president and editor of the San Francisco Chronicle.
Bronstein's career began as a reporter with KQED-TV in San Francisco.
He later moved to the San Francisco Examiner.
At the Examiner, Bronstein specialized in investigations and was a foreign correspondent for eight years.
He has won awards for his writing about the Philippines from the Overseas Press Club, Associated Press, the World Affairs Council and Media Alliance.
He was named executive editor of the Examiner in 1991, having previously served as managing editor for news.
Under his service, the Examiner circulation declined rapidly, which Bronstein blamed on the afternoon delivery of the paper.
Bronstein was named executive vice president and editor of the San Francisco Chronicle in March 2003.
He had been senior vice president and executive editor of the paper when Hearst Corp. bought The Chronicle.
The newspaper had been selling fewer newspapers each year.
In late March 2007, Bronstein called an emergency staff meeting and reportedly stated that the news business "is broken, and no one knows how to fix it."
This meeting happened after several weeks of articles focused on the influence of the Internet and the blogosphere made front page headlines in the Chronicle.
On January 23, 2008, Bronstein announced that he was leaving his job as editor of the Chronicle.
He became editor-at-large with Hearst Newspapers.
He was married to actress Sharon Stone from February 1998 until January 2004.
They adopted a son named Roan.
Bronstein married again later.
He lives in Mill Valley, CA with his wife and three kids.
In June 2001, he was seriously injured by a Komodo dragon.
He entered its cage at the Los Angeles Zoo after being invited in by the dragon's keeper.
He did not wear shoes because the zoo worker had told him to take them off.
The shoes were white could have excited the dragon.
Bronstein's Official Hearst Corp. biography page
Transcript: Sharon Stone vs. the Komodo Dragon  from Time.com regarding Bronstein's attack by a Komodo Dragon
Daniel Michael "Danny" DeVito, Jr. (born November 17, 1944) is an American actor, director, producer and screenwriter.
He has starred in and directed a number of movies.
DeVito is of Italian descent.
He was born in Neptune Township, New Jersey and grew up in Asbury Park, New Jersey.
In ecology, predation describes a relationship and actions between two creatures.
A predator catches, attacks, and eats its prey.
Predators may or may not kill their prey before eating them.
But the act of predation always causes the death of its prey and taking in the prey's body parts into the predators body.
A true predator can be thought of as one which both kills and eats another animal, but many animals act as both predator and scavenger.
A predator is an animal that hunts, catches, and eats other animals.
For example, a spider eating a fly caught at its web is a predator, or a pack of lions eating a buffalo.
The animals that the predator hunts are called prey.
A top predator or apex predator is one that is not the prey of other predators.
Predators are usually carnivores (meat-eaters) or omnivores (eats plants and other animals).
Predators will hunt other animals for food.
Examples of predators are hawks, eagles, falcons, cats, crocodiles, snakes, raptors, wolves, killer whales, lobsters, lions, and sharks.
Predators mostly do not eat other predators.
Ambush predators or sit-and-wait predators are carnivorous animals or other organisms, such as some carnivorous plants.
They capture or trap prey by stealth or strategy (not conscious strategy), rather than just by speed or strength.
These organisms usually hide quiet and wait for prey to come within striking distance.
They often are camouflaged, and may be solitary.
This may be safer for the predator, because lying in wait exposes it less to its own predators.
When a predator cannot move faster than its preferred prey, ambushing its prey is likely to be more efficient than pursuit.
A predator that can move at high speed for a long time can be a pursuit predator, chasing until its prey tires and slows.
There are however many intermediate strategies; for example when a pursuit predator is faster than its prey over a short distance, but not in a long chase, then either stalking or ambushing becomes part of the strategy.
Alecia Beth Moore, better known as Pink (or P!nk, born September 8, 1979), is an American singer-songwriter and actress.
She was at first an R&B singer but then added pop and rock to her music.
Her father is of English, Jamaican, German, Irish and Scottish descent, and her mother is Jewish (of Bohemian Jewish, Czech Jewish, Lithuanian Jewish and Russian Jewish descent).
As of 2012, she sold over 40 million records and 70 million singles worldwide.
She has won 3 Grammy Awards and 1 Brit Award.
Alecia Beth Moore was born in Abington, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, and raised in Doylestown, Pennsylvania, in Bucks County.
She was formerly a member of the girl group Choice.