the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
Kulick and Willson, Taboo: Sex, Identity, and Erotic Subjectivity in Anthropological Fieldwork 1995
Review of taboos around the world and their history
Tolerance.org- December 2006 Controversial subjects in the classroom
Buddhists Against Reincarnation
Did Sean Salisbury said "Jew" or "chew"?
Ethnic slurs and terms are notably taboo in today's society.
Cinematical blog: Censoring "G-D" on airline movies?
Taboos in modern society
Flatfish are a type of fish.
There are several different kinds of flatfish.
Some of them are fished commercially, like flounder, sole, turbot, plaice, and halibut.
All flatfish are rather flat, and have rays.
They swim sideways.
Some can hide on the ocean floor, waiting for prey.
They have a capacity for dynamic camouflage, which is under nervous control, and can change in 'real time'.
The Order Pleuronectiformes is in the infraclass Teleostei.
But it is best to look upon it as a group of fish which are adapted to the same habitat.
They share those features which suit their life-style.
They have both eyes on one side of the head: the upper side.
This is their main adaptation to living on the seabed (benthos).
Other distinguishing features are the protrusible eyes: they can stick the eyes up a bit to see round.
The flatfish life-style or 'habit' evolved several times independently, and so the group is polyphyletic.
Their young are perfectly symmetrical, but the head is remodelled during a metamorphosis.
One eye moves to the other side, close to the other eye.
Some species have both eyes on the left (turbot), some on the right (halibut, sole); all living and most fossil flatfish to date show an 'eyed' side and a 'blind' side.
Charles Darwin predicted a gradual migration of the eye in evolution, mirroring the metamorphosis of the living forms.
A recent examination of two fossil species from the Eocene shows "the assembly of the flatfish bodyplan occurred in a gradual, stepwise fashion".
The intermediate stages survived for quite a long time: over two geological stages.
They are found in sites together with flatfish with the full cranial asymmetry.
That shows the intermediate stages were at no particular disadvantage.
Eventually, the more complete forms did survive.
The evolution of flatfish falls squarely within the evolutionary synthesis.
Amphistium is a 50-million-year-old fossil fish which has been identified as an early relative of the flatfish, and as a transitional fossil.
In Amphistium, the transition from the typical symmetrical head of a vertebrate is incomplete, with one eye placed near the top-center of the head.
Paleontologists concluded that "the change happened gradually, in a way consistent with evolution by natural selection.
Trey Anastasio, an American guitarist, composer and singer
Trey Azagthoth, a guitarist for death metal band Morbid Angel
Trey Gunn, a member of the band King Crimson
Trey Junkin, a former American football player
Trey Parker, creator of South Park
Trey Spruance, an American musician
Trey Teague, an American football player
Trey Wingo, an American sportscaster
Trey of Triforia, a character in Power Rangers: Zeo
Trey, Vaud, a commune in Vaud, Switzerland
Standard Anglo-American playing cards of rank three, as in "the trey of hearts"
A monopoly (from the Greek monos, one + polein, to sell) is when a product or service can only be bought from one supplier for a specific market.
If other firms serve the market, they may be too small compared to the largest, thus allowing the large firm to have a lot of market power.
A monopoly usually happens when there is no economic competition to produce the product or service and there is no available substitutes to the product or service.
In economics, a monopoly is a single producer of a product or service.
In law, a monopoly is a firm that has a lot of market power and is able to charge very high prices for a product or service.
As long as the firm has a lot of market power, it does not matter if the firm is large or small, as size is not used to decide if a firm is a monopoly.
A monopoly can be formed by the government, by merging a few firms to form a large one, or form naturally to become a natural monopoly.
In many places, utilities such as telephone service or cable television are monopolies, as it is very costly to build the infrastructure for another firm to compete in the market.
Such natural monopolies is hence allowed by the government, but is usually strictly controlled to prevent the monopoly from charging a very high price for a product or service.
Features of a monopoly
Profit maximization: Just like any other firm, a monopoly tries to make their profits as big as possible and will produce an output where the marginal revenue and marginal cost curves meet.
Price setter: With a strong market power, the monopoly is able to set prices for their output based on the demand and supply of the market.
High barriers to entry: There are things that stop other firms from entering the market.
These things can be either "natural barriers" or "artificial barriers".
Monopoly model and efficiency
A monopoly is a type of firm that wants to make its profits as big as possible, and as the market does not have any other large firms, the monopoly is able to set prices on their products or services.
Hence, the monopoly would set a price that would maximize the profits that they gain, but cause the consumers to have to pay more for the same good.
For all types of firms (including monopoly), firms make their profits biggest at the output level in which the marginal revenue and marginal cost curves meet, known as the profit maximizing output.
But when a firm is a monopoly, the price that the firm sets is the price level of the demand curve for that amount of output.
However, it is better for society if the output level is when the marginal cost and the demand curve meet, which is of a higher output and a lower price than what the monopoly produces.
Hence, since society could be better if more of the good is produced, a deadweight loss is created.
A monopoly is hence not allocatively efficient.
Depending on the total cost that the monopoly has, a monopoly may be able to earn supernormal profits in the long run.
This thus allows the monopoly to have money to do costly innovation or become more cost efficient in producing the products or services.
However, there are people who believe that a monopoly may become complacent and not do innovation at all as there is no competition in the market.
A natural monopoly can happen when there is very high barriers to entry that it is not profitable for more firms to enter the market for the level of demand that is present in the market.
A natural monopoly keeps getting increasing economies of scale for the level of demand in the market, and relatively high fixed costs.
The average cost of production would then keep decreasing for the whole demand of the product or service.
It is thus cheaper for a single firm to produce the product or service, as it would not be profitable for two or more firms to be in the market.
A natural monopoly is similar to a normal monopoly and can be inefficient.
Hence, governments tend to make laws that controls what the natural monopoly does, mainly to set prices at an affordable level.
Pluto is a fictional dog that belongs to Mickey Mouse.
He is a golden-yellow mutt with a green collar.
He was introduced in the 1930s and got his name from the planet Pluto which had recently been discovered.
Pluto taught many kids lessons such as sharing, not to have jealousy, and many others.
Pluto was very energetic.
Pluto was created by Walt Disney.
An integer that is not an even number is an odd number.
On the other hand, an odd number, when divided by two, will result in a non-integer.
Mardi Gras (Fat Tuesday) is a festival held the day before Ash Wednesday (shrove Tuesday) which signifies the end of the Carnival season and the start of Lent.
Many cities (especially those with large Catholic populations) like New Orleans are famous for their Mardi Gras.
During Mardi Gras, almost everyone takes part in celebrating with lavish parades and parties.
Many different people celebrate Mardi Gras in their own way, some people have small parties and eat many of the tasty pastries and some people have huge parties and celebrate in a big way.
Some of the pastries they eat are called king's cake, hot cross buns, punchskis, tricolor scrolls and thick sugar cookies.
There are many more things that other people eat but these are the usual American celebration food for mardi gras.
There are so many different parades and kinds of celebrations.
Røldalsvatnet is a lake in Odda, Hordaland, Norway.
The length around it is 20.64 km, its area is 6.99 km² and it is 380 meters above sea level.
Lakes of Europe
Geography of Norway
Technorati was a search engine for weblogs.
As of August 2006, Technorati indexed over 55 million sites.
Stuart is a city in the U.S. state of Florida.
It is the county seat of Martin County, part of the Treasure Coast.
Astoria is a city in the American state of Oregon.
It is named after John Jacob Astor, who started a fur trading post, there in 1811.
Many movies have been filmed there like The Goonies, Kindergarten Cop, and Free Willy.
The Goonies is a 1985 American movie about of a group of children living in a part of Astoria, Oregon called The "Goon Docks", who go on a search for a pirate's treasure, to save their neighborhood from being bought and destroyed, to enlarge the (fictional) Astoria Country Club and golf course.
The movie was produced by Steven Spielberg and directed by Richard Donner.
It stars Sean Astin, Josh Brolin, Corey Feldman, Jonathan Ke Huy Quan, Martha Plimpton, Anne Ramsey, Robert Davi, Joe Pantoliano and Lupe Ontiveros.
Sean Astin as Michael "Mikey" Walsh, the asthmatic leader of the Goonies
Josh Brolin as Brandon "Brand" Walsh, a high-school athlete and Mikey's older brother and minder
Jeff Cohen as Lawrence "Chunk" Cohen, a clumsy, obese member of the Goonies and habitual fabulist
Corey Feldman as Clark "Mouth" Devereaux, a Goonie nicknamed for his cheeky tongue
Jonathan Ke Huy Quan as Richard "Data" Wang, a James Bond fanatic and amateur gadgeteer Goonie
Kerri Green as Andrea Theresa "Andy" Carmichael, a high-school cheerleader and Brand's love interest
Martha Plimpton as Stephanie "Stef" Steinbrenner, Andy's best friend
John Matuszak as Lotney "Sloth" Fratelli, the deformed and abused, but child-hearted son of the Fratelli family who Chunk befriends
Anne Ramsey as Mama Fratelli, an Italian-born crime matriarch
Robert Davi as Jake Fratelli, Mama Fratelli's son and a counterfeiter
Joe Pantoliano as Francis Fratelli, Mama Fratelli's son
Mary Ellen Trainor as Irene Walsh, Mikey and Brand's fussy mother
Keith Walker as Irving Walsh, Mikey and Brand's father and a curator at the local history museum
Lupe Ontiveros as Rosalita, the Walsh family's Mexican housekeeper
Steve Antin as Troy Perkins, the spoiled son of the Astoria Country Club's millionaire owner
Curt Hanson as Mr. Perkins, Troy's millionaire father
Michael Paul Chan as Mr. Wang, Data's father
Charles McDaniel as Mr. Cohen, Chunk's father
Paul Tuerpe as the Sheriff
George Robotham as Prison Guard
Director Richard Donner makes a cameo appearance as a sheriff's deputy.
The movie's cinematographer, Nick McLean, also has a cameo as Mouth's father.
The part of the dead FBI agent was played by stuntman Ted Grossman.
Movies directed by Richard Donner
Press Your Luck was an American game show that aired from 1983 to 1986 and later in reruns, and was hosted by Peter Tomarken.
The three contestants on each show would earn spins by answering questions that they could later use on The Big Board.
On the board, they could earn thousands of dollars in cash and prizes, but had to beware of the Whammy, a cartoon demon who stole players' money and prizes.
If a Whammy was hit, the contestant lost all earnings up to that point.
Four Whammies took a player out of the game.
The winner returned on the next show.
The show came back on the air in 2002 on Game Show Network as Whammy!
It featured a new "Big Bank" feature, which gave the player a chance to earn all the money and prizes lost to the Whammy.
It was hosted by Todd Newton and ran until 2003.
The original version of Press Your Luck was called Second Chance, which aired on television in 1977.
Instead of the Whammy, players had to face a cartoon "Devil."
It was hosted by Jim Peck, but did not last very long.
(1983–86) (US)
(1987–88) (Australia)
Nepal Bhasa is a language spoken by indigenous Newa people of Nepal.
It is a Himalayan language of Tibeto-Burman branch of the Sino-Tibetan languages group.
Newah Bhaaye is the term used for Nepal Bhasa by its native speakers.
The term 'Newari' has been used in derogatory form to replace the original name of the language.
Nepal Bhasa shares the feature of Kirant and Tibetan dialects of Northern Himalayas.
It consists of five major dialects and several sub-dialects spoken by Newa people living throughout the country.
It happens when the nervous system does not work properly.
People with narcolepsy tend to fall asleep during the daytime, even if they do not want to.
Very often, they do not sleep well at night, and during the day they fall asleep uncontrollably.
There are two different forms.
The classical (more common) form is the one with muscle failure (called cataplexy).
There is also a less common form without cataplexy.
Narcolepsy affects the way the nerves work.
It is not a mental illness, or caused by psychological problems.
It is estimated that between 25 and 50 people, per 100,000 suffer from narcolepsy.
Very few cases are reported.
The first description was given in 1877.
Jean-Baptiste Gélineau, a military doctor, first used the name narcolepsy in 1880.
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness: Being very tired during the day even after a full night of sleep.
This is the most common symptom of narcolepsy.
Cataplexy: Suddenly having a muscle fail them.
This can range from a slight weakness, and problems speaking clearly, to completely collapsing.
Sleep paralysis: When waking up, people are paralysed  (unable to move) for a certain time.
The paralysis eventually goes away.
Hallucinations, while falling asleep or waking up.
Automatic behaviour: People continue doing things while they are asleep.
Later on they do not remember.
Hallucinations, sleep paralysis, and automatic behaviour can also occur in people who are not narcoleptics.
This usually happens when people are very tired, and have not slept for a long time.
Some scientists think that narcolepsy is caused by a lack of hypocretin.
Hypocretin is a chemical in the brain which wakes people up and regulates sleep.
However, It is not yet known for sure what causes it.
Quite a few sufferers also have another family member with the disease.
This may point to the fact that some of the things that cause the disease may be passed from the parents to the children through genes.
There are certain drugs that can treat the effects of narcolepsy.
They can not treat the cause, since it is unknown.
In general those drugs are special kinds of stimulants.
General stimulants, like coffee, usually do not help.
Some strategies for treatment do not rely on drugs:
Adapting the behaviour to avoid situations that trigger daytime sleep; this is generally known as Coping.
It also involves changing the daytime rhythm to accommodate the sleeping phases
Narcolepsy Fact Sheet: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
Narcolepsy Network
http://www.narcolepsy.org.uk/index_html
Read about Narcolepsy in the Sleeptionary
What is Narcolepsy
Narcolepsy: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Harvard Division of Sleep Medicine Module on Narcolepsy
Danny Phantom is an animated television series on the Nickelodeon cable network.
This show, and another one - The Fairly OddParents - were created by American animator Butch Hartman.
The show Danny Phantom is about a fourteen-year-old boy named Danny Fenton.
His parents, Jack Fenton and Maddie Fenton, are ghost hunters and also create machines that help them to catch ghosts.
Danny's parents were creating a portal, but when they were finished and tried to make it work, it failed to work and they quit.
Danny, however, who had been watching them, put on a white suit and went inside the machine out of curiosity.
He accidentally pressed a button and got an electric shock, which gave him his ghost powers.
Only his friends, Samantha (often called Sam) and Tucker know about his powers.
Later Danny's sister, Jasmine (often called Jazz) accidentally discovered and learned about his powers.
Invisibility: Danny can turn invisible and back.
Ghost ray: Danny can shoot a green beam of energy from his hand.
Ghost Wail: Danny can make a very loud yell, sending green sound waves out of his mouth which
destroy almost anything in his path.
He barely uses this because it uses too much energy.
Force Field: Danny can protect himself against attacks by creating a green bubble-like dome around him.
Intangibility: Danny can walk through any solid matter.
Ghost Sense:Blue air comes out of his mouth that alerts Danny that there's a ghost nearby.
Daniel "Danny" Fenton/Danny Phantom - A fourteen-year-old boy who has ghost powers.
He does not do well in school and is often bullied by Dash.
Sam Manson - A teenage girl who is one of Danny's best friends.
She can be bossy sometimes.
She has a crush on Danny.
Tucker Foley - A teenage boy who is one of Danny's best friends.
He is smart and carries around gadgets.
He also wears glasses.
Jack Fenton - Danny's father.
He is clumsy but is good at making machines.
Although a little bit dumb sometimes, he really does care about his family.
Maddie Fenton - Danny's mother.
She also enjoys making machines with her husband.
Jazz Fenton - Danny's older teenage sister.
She is smart and is sometimes against her parent's ghost hunting.
Dash - A teenage boy in Danny's school who likes to bully Danny.
Recently, however, Danny has been able to avoid this.
Dash is a very popular kid in the school.
Vlad Plasmius - Vlad is one of Jack's old friends.
He too also has ghost powers, but he is more powerful than Danny.
Guys in White - This is a small group in the show.
They are ghost hunters.
Other Facts
Danny Phantom is distributed outside the United States by the Canadian company, Nelvana.
In the show, there are also characters called Guys in White.
This is an obvious joke of Men in Black.
Danny Phantom was originally called Danny Phantom and the Spector Detectors, but the creator thought that the show would be more interesting if the ghost was a teenage boy, so he changed it to Danny Phantom.
Television series created by Butch Hartman
Spacetoon shows
A cane is a stick from a piece of wood, or sometimes of metal.
It is used by someone to help support themself when they are walking.
A person might need a cane because of their age, or weight, or for another reason.
Pipe (material), a pole made of metal or of another material that is hollow in the middle, used for moving water or other things from one place to another
Pipe (smoke), a small object for smoking tobacco or other things
Bagpipes, sometimes called "pipes"
Homicide is when one person kills (causes the death of) another person.
Homicide is sometimes a crime and sometimes not.
If the killer wanted to cause death, it can be a crime called murder.
If the killer did not want to cause death, but had no care for their own behavior, it can be a crime called manslaughter.
Fighting to keep oneself safe from harm is called self-defense.
If a person needed to kill for self-defense, it is usually not a crime.
If a person killed in self-defense when they did not need to kill, it may be a crime.
Amazon.com, Inc., known as Amazon (), is an American online business and cloud computing company.
It was founded on July 5, 1994 by Jeff Bezos.
It is based in Seattle, Washington.
It is the largest Internet-based store in the world by total sales and market capitalization.
Amazon.com started as an online bookstore.
When it got bigger, it started selling DVDs, Blu-rays, CDs, video downloads/streaming, MP3s, audiobooks, software, video games, electronics, apparel, furniture, food, toys, and jewelry.
It also makes consumer electronics like Kindle e-readers, Fire tablets, Fire TV, and Echo.
It is the world's largest provider of cloud computing services.
Amazon also sells products like USB cables using the name AmazonBasics.
Amazon has separate retail websites for the United States,  Argentina,  Brazil, United Kingdom, France, Ireland,  Canada, Colombia,  Germany,  Australia, Italia,  Netherlands, Spain, Portugal, Japan,  Poland,  Mexico,  Sweden, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates, and Republic of India.
Amazon also offers international shipping to some countries for some of its products.
In 2016, Dutch, Polish, and Tamil languages versions of the German Amazon website were launched.
Subsidiaries
All articles with unsourced statements
1994 establishments in Washington (state)
The Summer Olympic Games or the Games of the Olympiad are an international sporting event which are held every four years by the International Olympic Committee.
The "Games", as they are often called, are held in a different city each time.
It is a great honour for a city to be "awarded" (given) the right to hold the Olympic Games.
Two years after the Summer Olympics, the Winter Olympic Games are held.
The Winter Games were held in the same year as the summer Games from 1924 to 1992 and then switched to two years apart in 1994.
These are always in a cold, mountainous place because the sports are all snow and ice sports such as skiing.
Many more countries send athletes to the Summer Olympics than to the Winter Olympics
The Olympic Games were first held in Ancient Greece more than two thousand years ago.
The first modern Summer Olympic Games were held in Athens in 1896.
There were 200 athletes from Greece and 45 athletes from 13 other countries.
Since 1904, medals have been given to the three best athletes or teams in each sport.
List of modern Summer Olympic Games
Games in italics were cancelled or have not yet been held.
1896 – Games of the I Olympiad – Athens, Greece
1900 – Games of the II Olympiad – Paris, France
1904 – Games of the III Olympiad – St. Louis, Missouri, United States
1906 – Intercalated Games – Athens, Greece
1908 – Games of the IV Olympiad – London, United Kingdom
1912 – Games of the V Olympiad – Stockholm, Sweden
1916 – Games of the VI Olympiad – Berlin, Germany - Cancelled due to World War I 1920 – Games of the VII Olympiad – Antwerp, Belgium
1924 – Games of the VIII Olympiad – Paris, France
1928 – Games of the IX Olympiad – Amsterdam, Netherlands
1932 – Games of the X Olympiad – Los Angeles, California, United States
1936 – Games of the XI Olympiad – Berlin, Germany
1940 – Games of the XII Olympiad – Helsinki, Finland - Cancelled due to World War II 1944 – Games of the XIII Olympiad – London, United Kingdom - Cancelled due to World War II 1948 – Games of the XIV Olympiad – London, United Kingdom
1952 – Games of the XV Olympiad – Helsinki, Finland
1956 – Games of the XVI Olympiad – Melbourne, Australia / Stockholm, Sweden (Equestrian events)
1960 – Games of the XVII Olympiad – Rome, Italy
1964 – Games of the XVIII Olympiad – Tokyo, Japan
1968 – Games of the XIX Olympiad – Mexico City, Mexico
1972 – Games of the XX Olympiad – Munich, West Germany (now Munich, Germany)
1976 – Games of the XXI Olympiad – Montréal, Quebec, Canada
1980 – Games of the XXII Olympiad – Moscow, Soviet Union (now Moscow, Russia)
1984 – Games of the XXIII Olympiad – Los Angeles, California, United States
1988 – Games of the XXIV Olympiad – Seoul, South Korea
1992 – Games of the XXV Olympiad – Barcelona, Spain
1996 – Games of the XXVI Olympiad – Atlanta, Georgia, United States
2000 – Games of the XXVII Olympiad – Sydney, Australia
2004 – Games of the XXVIII Olympiad – Athens, Greece
2008 – Games of the XXIX Olympiad – Beijing, China / Hong Kong, China (Equestrian events)
2012 – Games of the XXX Olympiad – London, United Kingdom
2016 – Games of the XXXI Olympiad – Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
2020 – Games of the XXXII Olympiad – Tokyo, Japan
2024 – Games of the XXXIII Olympiad – Paris, France 2028 – Games of the XXXIV Olympiad – Los Angeles, California, United States 2032 – Games of the XXXV Olympiad – Brisbane, Australia Cancelled Games
The 1906 Summer Olympics or 1906 Intercalated Games were discounted ex post facto'' by the IOC.
All medals awarded during these games have not since been counted officially on total medal counts.
The following games were cancelled due to the World Wars.
The 1916 Summer Olympics were cancelled due to the onset of WWI; both Summer Olympics of 1940 and 1944 were cancelled due to WWII.
Some summer events were held by the IOC in celebration of its Jubilee in Lausanne, despite the war that cancelled the 1944 Summer Olympics, at the Jubilee Celebrations of the IOC.
Olympics-related lists
Alpha Centauri is the brightest star in the southern Centaurus constellation.
It is the fourth brightest star in the night sky, with a magnitude of -0.01.
It is visible in the Southern Hemisphere, and is too far south for most of the Northern Hemisphere to see.
Alpha Centauri is a binary star system of two stars A & B. The distance between them is quite close.
To the naked eye, the stars are too close for the eye to be able to see them as separate.
Their orbit is about the distance of the giant planets from our Sun.
There is a third star, Proxima Centauri (or Alpha Centauri C).
This is usually considered separately, but in fact it is also gravitationally connected to the other two.
It is actually slightly closer to us, with a very much larger orbit around A and B.
Viewed as a triple star system, Alpha Centauri is the closest to our own, being 4.2-4.4 light years (ly) away.
It consists of two main stars, Alpha Centauri A and Alpha Centauri B (which form a binary star together) at a distance of 4.36 ly, and a dimmer red dwarf named Proxima Centauri at a distance of 4.22 ly.
Both of the two main stars are rather similar to the Sun.
The larger star, Alpha Centauri A, is the most similar to the Sun, but a little larger and brighter.
The next closest star is Barnard's Star.
Binary stars
Red dwarfs
Tell people that the bar is getting ready to stop selling drinks
Tell people that the bar is no longer selling drinks
Tell people the bar is closed.
The National Pist article
The TGV (Train à Grande Vitesse, French for "high-speed train"), is a category of high speed trains.
They are used in France.
They are also used for some travel between France and England, Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany, Switzerland, Italy and Spain.
The trains normally travel at speeds between 270 km/h and 320 km/h. They are the fastest normal trains in the world, their average travel speed is at 279,4 km/h.
In 2007, a special TGV set the speed record for rail vehicles, reaching 574,8 km/h.
Paris to Lyon, later to Valence, Avignon and Marseille.
Paris to Tours and Le Mans.
Also used to run trains to Poitiers and Bordeaux.
Paris to Lille, later Brussels (known as Thalys) and Calais, Dover, London (known as Eurostar).
Paris to Strasbourg, sometimes to Frankfurt am Main, Basel and Zürich.
The first part of this line has been built.
The high-speed track ends at a station, about half-way between Nancy and Metz.
Strasbourg is currently reachable from Paris is about two and a half hours, Basel takes 3.20, and Zürich about 4.30.
The extension of the line to Strasbourg has been started,
Lines to Spain and Italy are being planned.
A High speed line to Germany is being built.
The building of the network has made travel times much shorter.
Paris to Marseille (750 km) can now be done in 3 hours.
Two thirds of the traffic volume is done by the TGV, only one third is done by airplanes.
TGVs for other uses
Since the beginning of the high-speed rail network, the French Poste uses TGVs to transport mail, mostly  between Paris, Mâcon and Cavaillon.
But the train was retired in 2015.
These use the high-speed lines (LGV Sud-Est) during the night.
In the north of France, the high-speed lines are also used to run regional trains over longer distances.
There are currently train  from Lille to Dunkerque.
This takes half an hour.
Other lines run to Calais, in forty minutes, or to Boulogne-sur-Mer in 55.
In 2007, a line to Arras was opened, which is also very successful.
Unfortunately, there are some problems with this approach.
First, only high-speed lines can be used that are not saturated, because these trains run slower than regular TGVs.
Secondly, using a TGV line costs more to the client, they have to pay extra.
This makes these services more expensive.
Transport in France
Rapid transit systems
High-speed trains
A slur is a type of offensive word that can cause hatred. (
See Pejorative)
To slur also means to talk very fast and mix words together in doing so.
A slur might also refer to a symbol in music which tells the musician to play legato.
A caregiver, or carer, is someone who has the job of caring for people.
They usually care for people who are unable to care for themselves, for example, children, disabled people, or the elderly.
When a caregiver is assigned to look after a baby or a child they are sometimes called a babysitter.
Binoculars are a kind of tool that lets people see far-away things more clearly, using a technology called optics.
They are made of a pair of matched telescopes that are held in front of the user's eyes.
The two telescopes of the pair have lenses that focus light and magnify the image.
This is called magnification.
When someone looks through the binoculars at a far-away object, it looks much closer.
Early binoculars had two Galilean telescopes without prisms.
Some modern ones work that way but most have prisms inside, which fold the light path to shorten the length of the tubes.
That is why a binocular is shorter than standard telescopes of similar power.
Binoculars were invented in the 17th century.
They allow a telescope user to use both eyes.
The Royal Navy used single telescopes, but now all ships have heavy binoculars.
Heavy ones can be mounted on swivels to scan the horizon.
Binoculars are also standard issue in all armies.
Night vision binoculars use photocathode electronics to intensify the image.
Binoculars are also used for theatre (opera glasses), birdwatching  amateur astronomy and watching scenery.
Focussing is usually by turning knobs.
Large binoculars have independent focussing for each 'telescope' (each side).
Eye relief: Eye relief is the distance from the rear eyepiece lens to the exit pupil or eye point.
It is the distance the observer must position his or her eye behind the eyepiece in order to see the image.
The longer the focal length of the eyepiece, the greater the eye relief.
Binoculars may have eye relief ranging from a few millimeters to 2.5 centimeters (1 inch) or more.
Eye relief can be particularly important for eyeglass wearers.
Range finding.
Many binoculars have range finding reticle (scale) superimposed on the view.
This scale allows the distance to the object to be estimated if the object height is known.
Image stabilisation.
On top-range models, by electronics.
Optical coatings
Anti-reflective: not just relections off the front lens, but every lens and prism.
Reducing reflection via anti-reflective coatings also reduces the amount of "lost" light bouncing around inside the binocular which can making the image appear hazy (low contrast).
Metallic mirror coating for its prisms.
Warships used very large binocular naval rangefinders (up to 15 metres separation of the two objective lenses, weight 10 tons) for ranging gun targets 25 km away in World War II.
Late-20th century technology made this application redundant (radar; laser sights; guided missiles &c).
Modern military binoculars have filters that block laser weapons used against them.
Some are equipped for night vision.
An odd number is an integer when divided by two, either leaves a remainder or the result is a fraction.
One is the first odd positive number but it does not leave a remainder 1.
Some examples of odd numbers are 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11.
Magnus II of Sweden is no longer king of Norway, and his son Haakon VI of Norway becomes king.
However Haakon is still very young, so Magnus makes most of his decisions.
January 27, Pope Clement VI creates his Bull Unigenitus.
The personal union between Sweden and Norway ends.
Edward, the Black Prince becomes the Prince of Wales.
Alexander Stewart, 1st Earl of Buchan (died 1394)
Geoffrey Chaucer, English poet (about this time) (died 1400)
Emperor Chōkei of Japan (died 1394)
Thomas Percy, 1st Earl of Worcester, English rebel (died 1403)
December 15 – Hasan Kucek, Chobanid prince
Sir Ulick Burke, Irish nobleman
Aimone of Savoy
May – Pope Clement VI becomes pope
John III Comnenus becomes emperor of Trebizond
Louis becomes king of Sicily and duke of Athens
Constantine IV becomes king of Armenia
Patriarch of Antioch moved to Damascus while Ignatius II is king
Kitzbühel becomes part of Tyrol
Louis I becomes king of Hungary
The Vijayanagara Empire is created in South India
January 15 – Philip II, Duke of Burgundy (died 1404)
November 10 – Henry Percy, 1st Earl of Northumberland (died 1408)
Leo VI of Armenia
Avignon Pope Clement VII (died 1394)
Humphrey de Bohun, 7th Earl of Hereford (died 1373)
Julian of Norwich, English mystic (died 1413)
January 29 – Louis I, Duke of Bourbon (born 1279)
April 24 – Pope Benedict XII
July 16 – King Charles I of Hungary
November 29 – Michael of Cesena, Italian Franciscan leader (born 1270)
Al-Jaldaki, Persian physician and alchemist
William de Ros, 3rd Baron de Ros
Marsilius of Padua, Italian scholar (born 1270)
English king Edward III creates three new gold coins, the florin.
leopard, and helm.
Unfortunately the amount of gold in the coins is different from their worth of six shillings, three shillings, one shilling, and sixpence.
Because of this, they had to be taken back and many were melted down by August.
Meinhard III, Count of Tyrol
Parameswara, Malay Srivijayan prince (died 1424)
Constantine IV of Armenia
Gersonides, French rabbi and mathematician (born 1288)
Jaghmini, Persian physician
Simone Martini, Sienese painter (born 1284)
William Montacute, 1st Earl of Salisbury (born 1301)
A tent is a movable, lightweight shelter which uses thin fabric to protect people from wind, rain and from the cold.
The fabric walls of a tent are supported by wood or metal poles and thin ropes (called "guy lines"), and the tent or the ropes are usually attached to the ground with plastic or metal pointed stakes.
Tents are usually used as shelter during camping, hiking, and other outdoor recreational activities.
Large tents are also used to provide temporary shelter for events such as outdoor weddings or circuses.
Tents are also used to provide temporary sleeping quarters for military personnel or homeless, or for people who have been displaced by a disaster (such as refugees).
A cottage is a term often used for a small house.
This word comes from England where it is used to mean a house that has one main storey, with a second, lower storey of bedrooms which fit under the roof upstairs.
Cottages are usually found in villages or in the countryside, rather than in the town.
A cottage may be built of stone, of brick or of timber.
It may have a roof of tiles, slates, shingles, shakes or thatch.
Bullseye (sports), the centre of a target and the name given to any shot that hits the bullseye
Any design or pattern featuring concentric circles, like an archery target, may be referred to as a "bullseye"
Bullseye (American game show)
Bullseye (CNBC), U.S. TV program
Bullseye (UK game show)
Bullseye (comics), a fictional character in the Marvel Comics universe (comics and film), primarily an enemy of Daredevil.
Bullseye!,
a 1990 comedy motion picture starring Michael Caine and Roger Moore
Bullseye (shooting competition), also known as Conventional Pistol
Bullseye (mascot), mascot of Target Corporation
Alaska plaice (Pleuronectes quadrituberculatus) are salt water fish that live in the north Pacific Ocean.
Like most flatfish, they live on the bottom of the continental shelf, up to 600 metres deep.
Their geographical range is from the Gulf of Alaska in the east, to the Chukchi Sea in the north, to the Sea of Japan in the west.
Alaska plaice feed mostly on polychaetes, but also eat amphipods and echiurans.
Most commercial fisheries do not want to catch Alaska plaice; but many are caught by trawlers trying to catch other bottom fish.
So many Alaska plaice get caught anyway that, for example, the 2005 total allowable catch in the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands management area (BSAI) was reached before the end of May of that year.
European Plaice
1998 Marine Fisheries Review article
Bulletin announcing reaching the total allowable catch of Alaska plaice for 2005 (National Marine Fisheries Service)
When people are dreaming, their muscles do not move, even if in their dream they are moving.
This is a natural process which prevents that people actually perform the movements they do in their sleep.
In general, people are not aware of this inability to move, as it usually stops as soon as they wake up.
People suffering from sleep paralysis wake up and find that they are unable to move.
This is because the paralysis has not stopped.
Usually it lasts for only a few minutes, and people have said they feel a "presence" or "ghost" during it.
Little is known about the physiology of sleep paralysis.
However, some have suggested that it may be linked to post-synaptic (neurons sending signals to other neurons) inhibition (restraint) of nerves in the pons (back) region of the brain.
In particular, low levels of melatonin may stop the depolarization current in the nerves, which stops stimulation of the muscles.
Studies suggest that many people get sleep paralysis at least once in their lives.
People who have narcolepsy often get it much more.
Many people try to induce sleep paralysis, to have an Out of Body Experience.
Some report that various factors make paralysis and hallucinations happen more.
Sleeping on your back
Irregular sleeping schedules; naps, sleeping in, sleep deprivation
Increased stress
Sudden changes of lifestyle or environment
A lucid dream just before it
Medium to long-term imagining of involuntary movements with your eyes closed before sleep.
There are few treatments available for sleep paralysis.
One treatment is called Meditation-Relaxation Therapy.
The treatment includes four steps: (1) one should close one's eyes and remind oneself that the experience is not dangerous in any way and common around the world; (2) and that since it is not dangerous one should not be afraid as that will only make the experience worse. (
3) One should then focus very strongly on a positive thought or mental image (meditate); (4) and also relax ones muscles and avoid movement.
The Guardian - The waking nightmare of sleep paralysis
On the Neuroscience of Sleep Paralysis
American plaice (Hippoglossoides platessoides) are salt water fish that live in the northwest Atlantic Ocean.
Like most flatfish, they live on the bottom of the continental shelf, up to 700 metres deep, but spend most of the time at 90 to 200 meters.
Their geographical range is from the coast of Labrador, south to the coast of the U.S. state of Rhode Island.
The most are found off the eastern tip of Newfoundland.
American plaice feed on sand dollars, brittle stars, crustaceans, polychaetes, and fish such as capelin and launce.
American plaice information (Northeast Fisheries Science Center (U.S.))
American plaice information (National Marine Fisheries Service (Canada))
FishBase article
Ecological status of American plaice (Marine Conservation Society)
A spider web is a sticky net that spiders make from silk to trap their prey.
When insects fly or crawl into the web, they get stuck and the spider eats them.
Most spider webs are very thin, but are also very strong.
Different kinds of spiders make different types of webs.
Spiders make different webs in different places to trap many kinds of prey.
The World Series in Major League Baseball, is when the best team from the American League (the winner of the American League Championship Series) and the best team from the National League (the winner of the National League Championship Series) keep playing games of baseball until one of the two teams wins four games total.
The winners of the most recent World Series in 2021 were the Atlanta Braves.
They defeated the Houston Astros 4 games to 2.
The New York Yankees have 27 World Series championships, the most of any team.
The Cleveland Indians currently hold the longest active drought, having last won the Series before expansion teams were formed.
Recently, the three longest championship droughts were ended by the Boston Red Sox, Chicago White Sox, and the Chicago Cubs.
Janet Damita Jo Jackson (born May 16, 1966, in Gary, Indiana) is an American singer, dancer, actress, and songwriter.
She is the younger sister of Michael Jackson and has had many popular songs such as "Nasty," "Rhythm Nation," and "That's the Way Love Goes."
Jackson also plays Patricia in the 2007 movie Why Did I Get Married?
She is one of the best-selling artists in the history of pop music, with over 160 million records sold worldwide.
In 2011, True You: A Journey to Finding and Loving Yourself, a book written by Jackson and David Ritz, was published.
The book reached number five in The New York Times' Best Seller list.
Jackson was born to Katherine and Joe Jackson on May 16, 1966 at St Mary's Mercy Hospital in Gary, Indiana.
She was raised as a Jehovah's Witness.
She did not want to be an entertainer.
She wanted to   become a race-horse jockey.
However her father planned for her to go into the show business.
When Jackson was seven she went on stage in the Las Vegas Strip with her siblings in a routine show at the MGM Casino.
In September 1979, Jackson started acting in A New Kind of Family.
Her first album, Janet Jackson, was released on September 21, 1982, by A&M Records.
1986–95:  Rise to fame
Jackson had several hit singles worldwide.
Among them are "What Have You Done for Me Lately", "Control", "Nasty", "Rhythm Nation", "Miss You Much", "Escapade", "Love Will Never Do (Without You)", and "That's the Way Love Goes".
Jackson won her first Grammy Award in 1987.
On September 19, 1989 Jackson's fourth album Janet Jackson's Rhythm Nation 1814 was released.
Eight singles were released from the album.
In 1993, Jackson was on the cover of Rolling Stone magazine.
On May 31, 1995, "Scream", a song that Janet made with her older brother Michael Jackson, was released as the first single from Michael's album HIStory: Past, Present and Future, Book I. This song reached the top five on the US Billboard Hot 100.
Jackson released the album The Velvet Rope in 1998, it sold over 10 million copies.
The album had provocative lyrics.
The single "Together Again" became her eighth number-one song in the US, it sold over 6 million copies worldwide, making it one of the best selling singles of all time.
In 2000, she contributed to the movie Nutty Professor II: The Klumps.
A single from the soundtrack, "Doesn't Really Matter", became her ninth chart-topper.
In 2001, she released the album All for You.
A single, also called "All for You", reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100 for seven weeks, making it the longest reigning number one hit of the year.
The next single, "Someone to Call My Lover", reached the top three.
Jackson released her album Discipline in 2008.
The lead single, "Feedback", reached the top 20 in the US and Canada.
In June 2009, Jackson's brother Michael died.
In September 2009, she performed "Scream" at the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards as part of a tribute to Michael.
In 2010, Jackson acted in For Colored Girls.
She released her first studio album in seven years, Unbreakable, in 2015.
It entered at number one on the US Billboard 200 album chart.
Jackson canceled her ongoing Unbreakable World Tour because she announced that she was "planning her family" with her husband, Wissam Al Mana.
Jackson has been married three times.
It was announced that Jackson was pregnant shortly before her 50th birthday in May 2016.
She gave birth to her first child, a son, with current husband, billionaire Wissam Al Mana, in January 2017.
Janet Jackson (1982)
Dream Street (1984)
Control (1986)
Control: The Remixes (1987)
Janet Jackson's Rhythm Nation 1814 (1989)
janet. (
Remixed (1995)
Design of a Decade: 1986–1996 (1995)
The Velvet Rope (1997)
All for You (2001)
Damita Jo (2004)
20 Y.O. (2006)
Discipline (2008)
Number Ones (2009)*
Icon: Number Ones (2010)
Unbreakable (2015)*On digital outlets, such as iTunes and Spotify, Icon: Number Ones is listed as Best of Number Ones.
Melissa Joan Catherine Hart (born April 18, 1976) is an American actress.
She was born and raised in Long Island, New York.
She played the title roles in the television series Clarissa Explains It All and Sabrina, the Teenage Witch.
In 1999 she played the lead role in the movie Drive Me Crazy.
From 2010-2015, she starred as Mel Burke in the ABC Family show Melissa & Joey.
Since July 19, 2003, Hart has been married to musician Mark Wilkerson (born 1976).
They have three sons together: Mason Walter Wilkerson (born January 11, 2006), Braydon Hart Wilkerson (born March 12, 2008) and Tucker McFadden Wilkerson (born September 18, 2012).
Melissa Joan Hart at the Internet Movie Database (IMDb)
Melissa Joan Hart News and Video
Colleen Ann Fitzpatrick (born July 20, 1972 in Old Bridge, New Jersey) is an American singer and actor.
Her stage name is Vitamin C. Before she started her solo career, she was the lead singer of the band Eve's Plum.
More (2001)
Vitamin C (1999)
"Last Nite" (2003)
"As Long As You're Loving Me" (2000)
"The Itch" (2000)
"Graduation (Friends Forever)" (2000)
"Me, Myself, & I" (1999)
"Smile" (1999)
Happy Is Not Hard to Be (2005)
My X-Girlfriend's Wedding Reception (2001)
Rock Star (2001)
Scary Movie 2 (2001) (voice only)
Get Over It (2001)
Dracula 2000 (2000)
Da Hip Hop Witch (2000)
''The Haven (2000)
Liar Liar (1997)
St. Patrick's Day (1997)
High School High (1996)
Just Cause (1995)
Higher Learning (1995)
Crinoline Head (1995)
The Mambo Kings (1992)
The Naked Gun 2½: The Smell of Fear (1991)
Hairspray'' (1988)
Jamie Lynn Marie Spears (born April 4, 1991 in McComb, Mississippi) is an American actress and singer.
She is the younger sister of pop singer Britney Spears.
She played the lead role in the television series Zoey 101.
In late December 2007 it was revealed that Jamie Lynn was pregnant.
Jamie Lynn's daughter, Maddie Briann Aldridge, was born on June 19, 2008.
Spears is now a country music singer.
In November 2013 Spears released her first single, "How Could I Want More".
Official Web Site of Jamie Lynn Spears (requires Macromedia Flash)
Jamie Lynn Spears at the Internet Movie Database (IMDb)
Jamie Spears Club
1991 births
Spears, Jamie Lynn
Opel, full name Adam Opel AG, is an automobile maker from Germany, founded in 1862.
Since 1929, Opel is the German brand of the American automaker General Motors.
Opel has about 35,000 workers.
The company headquarters are in Rüsselsheim, Germany.
Other German plants are in Eisenach and Kaiserslautern.
In Great Britain, Opel cars are called Vauxhall.
Opel would later engineer cars for GMDAT, and still engineers them for GM Korea.
From 2007 to 2009 three Opel models (the Antara, the Astra and the Vectra) were sold in the United States under the Saturn marque.
Upon the discontinuation of Saturn Buick became responsible for importing the Opel models.
The only Buick cars to not be Opels are the Enclave CUV and the full sized LaCrosse sedan.
In March 2017, Opel and its parent brand Vauxhall were brought by PSA, the company who owns Peugeot and Citroen.
Opel's Corporate Website
1862 establishments
1860s establishments in Germany
Automobile companies of Germany
JAG (the American military acronym for Judge Advocate General) is an American legal, crime drama television show created by Donald P. Bellisario.
It was on air between 1995 and 2005.
The series is about the JAG officers Harmon "Harm" Rabb, Jr. (David James Elliott) and Sarah "Mac" MacKenzie (Catherine Bell) in Washington, D.C. In 2003, the series spawned the spin-off NCIS, which had the spin-offs called NCIS: Los Angeles and NCIS: New Orleans.
David James Elliott as Capt.
Harmon Harm Rabb Jr.
John M. Jackson as Rear Admiral (upper half) A. J. Chegwidden (1996–2004)
Tracey Needham as Lieutenant.
j.G. (junior Grade) Meg Austin (1995–1996)
Catherine Bell as Lt.
Colonel Sarah Mac MacKenzie (1997–2005)
Patrick Labyorteaux as Lt.
Bud Roberts Jr. (1997–2005)
Karri Turner as Lieutenant Harriet Sims (1997–2005)
Steven Culp as Clayton Webb