the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
The Royal Albert Hall is round, and looks like an old Roman amphitheatre.
That is why the floor downstairs is called the “arena”, like in an amphitheatre.
The promenaders who stand downstairs are near the orchestra, especially the front rows.
But it can be quite a squash when there are lots of people, and small children need to be near the front to see properly.
The other place to promenade is upstairs in the gallery.
There is more room there, and it is easy to see, and easy to sit down or even lie down when one feels tired.
A ticket to promenade costs £5.
People who want to be a promenader have to wait in a queue outside and buy their ticket as they go in.
Anyone who wants to be near the front should join the queue early, especially for the very popular concerts, and at the weekend.
Some people queue for hours.
They pass the time by talking to one another, reading or playing games.
It is all good fun and part of enjoying being at the Proms.
Sir Henry Wood
The Proms - A New History; ed Jenny Doctor and David Wright;
The Henry Wood Proms; David Cox;
Classical music festivals
Entertainment in London
Mount Merapi (Gunung Merapi in Indonesian) is a volcano in Indonesia.
It is on the island of Java.
It is conical in shape.
It is the most active volcano of Indonesia.
In Indonesian, the name means mountain of fire.
The volcano has been descovered by Mr Morris in 1754
2006 earthquake
In 2006, scientists believed that the volcano would erupt soon.
An earthquake occurred in that region on May 27, 2006, and killed about 6,200 people.
On June 6, super hot gas and ash poured down the mountain.
These hot gases are known as a pyroclastic flow.
Two people were killed, and 15,000 people rushed to safety.
2010 eruption
On 25 October 2010 the Indonesian government warned villagers living near the mountain to move to safer ground.
Officials said hundreds of volcanic earthquakes had been recorded on the mountain over the weekend of 23–24 October, and that the magma had risen to about 1 kilometre (3,300 ft) below the surface due to the seismic activity.
People living within a 20 km (12.5 mile) zone were told they must leave.
On the afternoon of 25 October 2010 lava erupted from the southern and south-eastern slopes  of Mount Merapi.
Many more followed over the next two weeks.
There were also pyroclastic flows.
A conductor is a material which allows electricity, heat or sound to flow through it.
An electrical conductor conducts electricity.
The ability to conduct electricity is called electrical conductivity.
A good electrical conductor has high conductivity and low resistivity.
Electrical resistivity is the reciprocal/opposite of conductivity.
Prominent electrical conductors include:
Human skin
Metals, like iron and copper, are used to make wires to carry electric current.
Plasma is an excellent conductor of electricity and is used for many purposes but metals are more used.
Impure water can also conduct electricity.
Living tissues, as in the human body, are wet and therefore conductors of electricity.
Some materials are semiconductors.
This means that electricity can flow through them to a certain temperature and below that semiconductors do not pass electricity.
Some materials are resistors.
This means electricity does not easily flow through them.
A material that stops electric current is called an insulator (electricity).
Wires are covered with insulators like plastic to stop the electricity from leaving the wire.
Some materials when very cold, are superconductors.
They offer no resistance at all to the flow of electricity.
Most conductor's resistance becomes higher at higher temperatures.
A wide laser or light beam is first shot at the beam splitter.
Reflection takes place as the beam hits the beam splitter, part of it reflects towards mirror 1 while the rest towards mirror 2.
The two beams again reflect off mirror 1 and 2 and travel back to the beam splitter, the two beams that goes through the beam splitter will combine and form an interference pattern at the screen.
The interference pattern will appear as bands and each band represents 2 path length difference or 1 wavelength, that is because the crest of wave 1 has caught up with the crest of wave 2 (or the other way around), causing a constructive interference.
If given the change in distance of the movable mirror and number of bands on the screen, we can easily calculate the wavelength of the light source.
The Gods Must Be Crazy is a movie directed by Jamie Uys.
It was released in the United States by 20th Century Fox in 1980.
Upon its release, The Gods Must Be Crazy made the more money than any other foreign movie.
Four sequels followed from 1989 to 1994.
The last three in the series were made in Hong Kong.
It stars Namibian farmer N!xau as a Bushman, whose happy village (in Africa's Kalahari desert) suddenly turns to a violent society, after a Coke bottle falls down there from a passing airplane.
The Bushman, Xixo, decides to return the bottle to the "end of the earth", to finish all the evil his family has gone through.
Along the way, he meets a group of terrorists on the run, as well as a clumsy scientist who falls in love with a former newspaper journalist.
During his journey, Xixo encounters modern civilisation for the first time.
1980 action movies
1980 comedy movies
South African movies
Botswanan movies
Janus was a two-faced god of Roman mythology who kept the gate of Heaven.
He was the god of beginnings and ends, and so of gates, doors, doorways and passages.
He is usually depicted as having two faces, since he looks to the future and to the past.
The Romans named the month of January (Ianuarius) in his honor.
In January we look back on the last year and forward to the next.
Janus presided over the beginning and ending of conflict, and hence war and peace.
The doors of his temple were open in time of war, and closed to mark the peace.
As a god of transitions, he was remembered at births, and journeys: he was concerned with travelling, trading and shipping.
The Care Bears Adventure in Wonderland  is an animated movie from 1987, released by Cineplex Odeon Films.
It is the last big-screen movie to star the Care Bears characters, and is loosely based on Lewis Carroll's Alice in Wonderland stories.
This movie has a sequel called Care Bears Movie II: A New Generation (1986).
NYTimes.com review (registration required)
Lyrics to the movie's soundtrack at Distant Melody
1987 movies
Rhea (mythology), in Greek mythology the sister and wife of Cronos and the mother of many of the other major gods
Rhea Silvia, in Roman mythology the mother of the twins Romulus and Remus
Caroline Rhea (b.1964), stand-up comedian, television actress and host
Darrel Rhea, CEO, Cheskin
James Rhea (1791-1812), US soldier
La Julia Rhea (1908-1992), US opera singer
Rhea Hughes, Philadelphia radio personality
Rhea Perlman (b. 1948), US television actress
M. Rhea Seddon (b. 1947), NASA astronaut
Rhea Tregebov, Canadian poet and children's author
Rhea (moon), a moon of Saturn
577 Rhea, asteroid
Rhea (bird), large flightless birds native to South America
Rhea of the Cöos, character in Stephen King's Dark Tower novels
If an orchestra is playing music, it is important that they all play exactly together.
They need to know exactly when to start, what tempo (speed) to go, how loud or quietly to play, and what the mood of the music should be.
If a small number of people play music together (like in a chamber orchestra), they can talk about this amongst themselves.
One person can nod with his/her head or with the bow of a string instrument to help the group to start and finish together.
With larger orchestras, such as a symphony orchestra, there are so many people (almost a hundred of them in some cases) that they need a separate person to lead.
This person is called the conductor.
In the 17th century, orchestras were usually small enough that they did not need a conductor.
Often they were directed by the keyboard player or lead violinist.
But as orchestras grew in size and began using a wider variety of instruments, it became a convention of having someone who was not playing any instrument to stand, facing the orchestra, as the director or conductor.
One early conductor was the French composer Jean-Baptiste Lully (1632-1687), who beat time by banging a big stick (like a walking stick) on the floor to the time of the music.
One day he banged his stick so hard, it went through his foot, and he died of gangrene.
Conducting as we know it today had become normal by the 19th century.
The composer Felix Mendelssohn (1809-1847) was known to be a very good conductor as well.
Some conductors in Victorian times behaved like they wanted to show off.
At around the same time, Louis Antoine Jullien (1812-1860) was a French conductor who wore white gloves, which were presented to him on a silver tray at the start of the concert.
He dressed in expensive clothes and his long black hair waved all over the place as he conducted.
He was very successful, in France at first, in the UK afterwards, and then even in the US, where he worked with the showman P.T. Barnum.
His concerts were a mix of dance and "classical" music, always with the best musicians.
His life was so strange that a biography (in French) has been published ().
Technique of conducting
Conductors usually beat time with their right hand.
This leaves their left hand free to show the various instruments when they come in (when they start playing) and to give interpretative gestures, such as indicating when to play louder or softer, or faster or slower.
Most conductors have a stick called a “baton”.
It makes it easier for people at the back of large orchestras or choirs to see the beat.
Other conductors, such as those who lead singers, prefer not to use a baton.
A conductor stands on a small platform called a “rostrum”.
To be a good conductor is not easy.
It is not just a question of giving a steady beat.
A good conductor will know the music extremely well, understand how the composer wanted the music to sound, be able to figure out the technical details, and know how to be able to work with the orchestra to create great music everyone would want to listen to.
Having good communication skills would help a lot, but some conductors speak very little during their rehearsals.
They make everything clear through the way they conduct.
Famous conductors
Some of the most famous conductors of the past were: Gustav Mahler, Hans Richter, Arthur Nikisch, Arturo Toscanini, Bruno Walter,  Wilhelm Furtwängler, Herbert von Karajan, Leopold Stokowski, Georg Solti, John Barbirolli, Otto Klemperer, George Szell and Leonard Bernstein.
The main conductor who is in charge of an orchestra is often given the title "musical director".
This will usually mean that he or she has a lot of power in the organization of the orchestra, such as choosing the music that will be performed at each concert or inviting soloists to perform with the orchestra.
Orchestras may give honorary titles to their conductor, such as "conductor laureate".
A "guest conductor" is one who conducts an orchestra regularly, but is not the main conductor.
Typically, he or she would be invited by the main conductor to conduct a performance now and then.
An "assistant conductor" will often be a young conductor who helps the main conductor and gets the chance to conduct some of the concerts.
Leonard Bernstein became famous in 1953 as the assistant conductor of the New York Philharmonic when he led a concert, which was being broadcast nationally on CBS Radio, without having time to prepare for it.
He would be the main director of that orchestra from 1958 to 1969.
The Norwegian language is the official language of Norway.
It is spoken by over four and a half million people, and it belongs to the group of North Germanic languages which are spoken in Scandinavia.
These include Swedish, Danish, Icelandic and Faeroese.
Two forms of the language exist:  (which means "book language") and  (which means "new Norwegian").
History of the Norwegian language
Old Norse is the language that was spoken hundreds of years ago in Scandinavia at the time of the Vikings.
It is very similar to today’s Icelandic language.
This is because many Vikings sailed from Norway to Iceland in order to escape from the rule of the Norwegian kings who were making people pay lots of tax.
During the 13th century the Black Death killed two thirds of the population of Norway.
The Danish kings and queens noticed that Norway was weak and defenceless, so they annexed Norway (made it part of Denmark).
For hundreds of years Norway was ruled by the Danes.
All the rulers, priests, estate owners and noblemen were Danish.
Many of them settled in Norway.
This is why today’s standard Norwegian (Bokmål) is similar to Danish.
Norwegians were not allowed to print books in Norwegian.
Anyone wanting to study had to go to Denmark or Germany.
In 1814 Denmark lost a war and had to give Norway to Sweden.
Then the Norwegians were allowed to have their own university.
Gradually the Danish language was mixed up with the Norwegian dialects and became today’s Norwegian language.
Norwegian and Danish look very similar when they are written, but when they are spoken they sound different.
In Danish a lot of the sounds are swallowed.
During the 19th century a slightly different form of Norwegian was made up by several people.
This eventually became known as “Nynorsk.”
It was based on old forms of Norwegian and dialects.
During the 20th century some attempts were made to join Bokmål and Nynorsk into one language, but they did not succeed.
Today about one person in nine or ten in Norway writes Nynorsk.
Children in school have to learn both forms.
The Norwegian alphabet
The Norwegian alphabet has 29 letters.
These are the same letters as the English alphabet plus three extra vowels:
The letters c, q, w, x and z are only used for words that have been borrowed from other languages.
Språkrådet – Norwegian Language Council
Learn Norwegian Online – Online language course
Bokmål and Nynorsk online dictionary
Languages of Norway
French Polynesia (, Tahitian: Porinetia Farani) is a French "overseas collectivity" (French: collectivité d'outre mer, or COM) with the particular designation of "overseas country" (French: pays d'outre-mer, or POM) in the southern Pacific Ocean.
The country is made up of several groups of Polynesian islands.
The most well-known is Tahiti, the most populous island, which is in the Society Islands group.
The capital of the territory, Papeete, is also there.
Austral Islands
Bass Islands often considered part of the Austral Islands
Gambier Islands often considered part of the Tuamotu Archipelago
Society Islands (including Tahiti)
Tuamotu Archipelago
Magnitude (mathematics), a measure of the size of a mathematical object.
Magnitude of an eclipse
Either of two measures of earthquake strength:
Richter magnitude scale
Magnitude is an attack in the Pokémon fictional world
Order of magnitude, a coarse measure of numerical size
Osnabrück is a city in Germany in the state of Lower Saxony.
It is around 1,200 years old.
The castle dates back to the 19th century.
The city was founded by Charlemagne.
It has about 165,000 inhabitants, and is twinned with Derby, UK, as well as five other cities around Europe.
Osnabrück is in the south of the state, on the border with North Rhine-Westphalia.
It shares an airport with the neighbouring city of Münster which is in North Rhine-Westphalia.
It is the only German city in a national park.
A Neighbour (or neighbor in American English) is a person who lives nearby, normally in a house or apartment that is next door or, in the case of houses, across the street.
Some people form friendships with their neighbours, and help them by sharing their tools and helping with gardening tasks.
Other people become frustrated with their neighbours, if the neighbour makes a lot of noise or a mess
A group of people living close together in a small community is called a neighbourhood.
Some neighbourhoods have many community organizations, where people volunteer and do charitable activities.
Other neighbourhoods in poor communities may have no community organizations, and there may be many problems in the community, such as illegal drugs, prostitution, and homelessness.
For the type of shoes (sandals), see Flip-flop
In electronics, a flip-flop or latch is a circuit that has two stable states and can be used to store information.
Signals applied to control inputs can change the circuit’s state.
It is the basic storage element in sequential logic.
Flip-flops and latches are fundamental building blocks of digital electronics systems used in computers, communications, and many other types of systems.
Flip-flops are mainly used as static RAM to store data in a computer.
That data is represented in binary.
Binary is represented in a 1 (“high state”) and 0 (“low state”).
The structure of flip flops vary, but the general characteristic is that two branches affect each other's state by putting the current resulting state of one branch and using that as input for the next iteration of the other branch.
The first electronic flip-flop, originally called the Eccles-Jordan trigger circuit, was invented in 1918 by the British physicists William Eccles and F. W. Jordan.
The initial design’s only active elements were two vacuum tubes.
While working at Hughes Aircraft, Eldred Nelson coined the term JK for a flip-flop which changed states when both inputs were on (a logical "one").
Flip-flops can be either simple or clocked.
A simple flip-flop changes state as soon as the input changes.
A clocked flip-flop changes state only when an extra pulse occurs.
This pulse is called the clock signal.
Commonly, flip-flop only refers to clocked circuits; the simple ones are commonly called latches.
SR flip-flop
The most fundamental flip-flop is the simple SR flip-flop.
In the SR flip-flop, the S and R stand for set and reset.
The stored bit is present on the output marked Q.
If S is pulsed high while R is held low, then the Q output is forced high.
Conversely, if R is pulsed high while S is held low, then the Q output is forced low.
When the R and S inputs are both low, the Q outputs are in a constant state.
However, when the R and S inputs are both high, the Q outputs are in a forbidden state.
D Flip-flop
A D Flip-Flop prevents an SR flip-flop from receiving the forbidden combination.
It takes only one input for data, called D. It splits this data down two paths.
On one path it flips the data to the opposite value.
This is the “NOT” box in the animation.
That way, S = 1, R = 1 is never fed to the internal SR latch.
is the person that created the fictional world of Pokémon.
He created Pokémon because he liked to collect insects when he was a child and Pokémon is similar to collecting insects.
He was born in Tokyo and in the forest he liked collecting insects.
He wanted to be a scientist who studied insects.
He was pushed away as a child and when he grew up he created a magazine and named it Game Freak.
He then opened a video game company and called it Game Freak like his magazine.
Tajiri first thought of the idea of Pokémon in 1990.
Japanese video game designers
Nintendo people
Ilkley is a tourist town in the City of Bradford in West Yorkshire, England.
The biggest attraction there is the wonderful and big Ilkley moors.
It is very green and grassy and provides walks for any type of people.
One of these walks includes a big rock and a little rock called the Cow and Calf Rocks.
This is one of the bigger wonders of the Yorkshire dales.
By these rocks there is a pub called The Cow and Calf.
Econometrics is a branch of economics.
It is the use of statistical and mathematical methods to describe the relation between economic forces such as capital (any of the tools, work, or other things needed to make something useful), interest rates (the price of borrowing money), and labor.
Much of econometrics is making models which are simple pictures of the real world.
These models then can be used to predict what will happen in the real world.
An example of econometrics would be looking at the prices of houses in a town.
An economist (someone who studies economics) can try to make a simple picture of the house prices in the town.
This picture might show that houses close to the market are worth more.
An economist could then say that if a new market is made in another part of the town, home prices there might go up.
The economist also might say that the new market could make prices less than before near the old one, because the new market will make it so that more houses are near a market.
This would make the people who sell houses near a market sell them for less, since there could be more sellers than buyers.
Basic model: linear regression
A basic tool for econometrics is the multiple linear regression model.
In modern econometrics, other statistical tools are often used, but linear regression is still the most used starting point for an analysis.
Estimating a linear regression on two variables can be shown by drawing a line through data points representing paired numbers of the independent and dependent variables.
Subfields of economics
Franconia ( ; Franconian dialect: Franggn ) is the northern part of the German federal state of Bavaria.
This region is divided in three smaller regions: Oberfranken, Mittelfranken, and Unterfranken.
The biggest city in Franconia is Nuremberg.
The most important river in Franconia is the Regnitz, which is 63.7 km (39.6 mi) in length.
A King of arms is a government officer in countries like England, Scotland, and Wales.
He grants coats of arms to other people.
King of Arms is the highest rank of officer of arms.
Some countries do not have a King of Arms, but have another person that grants coats of arms.
Heraldic jobs
In England, Wales and Northern Ireland two of the three Kings of Arms gives coats of arms to people after the Earl Marshal approves.
In Scotland the Lord Lyon gives coats of arms without needing any other permission.
In the Republic of Ireland the coats of arms are given by chief herald.
Canada also has a chief herald,  who is in charge of the Canadian Heraldic Authority
In South Africa the State Herald is in charge of the Bureau of Heraldry
In the Kingdom of Spain, a Cronista de Armas (Chronicler of Arms) has the power to give people coats of arms.
British Kings of Arms
English Kings of Arms
Garter Principal King of Arms
Clarenceux King of Arms
Norroy and Ulster King of Arms
Scottish King of Arms
Lord Lyon King of Arms
Chief Heralds
The Chief Herald of Canada
Chief Herald of Ireland
The State Herald of South Africa
Cronistas de Armas
Cronista de Armas de Castille and Leon
Officer of Arms
Court of the Lord Lyon
Canadian Heraldic Authority
The Court of the Lord Lyon
The College of Arms
The Office of the Chief Herald of Ireland
Psychokinesis or telekinesis is the supposed ability to change matter, energy, space or time by using your mind.
It is often mentioned and performed in science fiction movies and video games.
Psychokinesis is the word used to describe many different abilities.
These abilities include:
moving objects (this is called telekinesis; see below)
changing the shape of objects (this includes melting or bending metal)
influencing events
teleportation (disappearing and reappearing in a different place)
traveling through objects, like a wall
changing an object into something else
changing oneself into something else
putting an energy field around oneself
control of magnetism
control of photons (light waves/particles)
Telekinetic abilities
moving objects (move, lift, shake, vibrate, spin, bend, or break large and small objects)
lifting oneself up off of the ground (including flying)
Cartoon Network Canada
Cartoon Network South America
Cartoon Network Europe
Cartoon Network Central & Eastern Europe
Cartoon Network Russia and Southeastern Europe
Cartoon Network France
Cartoon Network Germany
Cartoon Network Italy
Cartoon Network Nordic
Cartoon Network Turkey
Cartoon Network United Kingdom
Cartoon Network Southeast Asia
Cartoon Network Japan
Cartoon Network Korea
Cartoon Network Pakistan
Cartoon Network Philippines
Cartoon Network Taiwan
Cartoon Network Thailand
Cartoon Network Vietnam
Cartoon Network Australia
Cartoon Network New Zealand
Cartoon Network Spain - closed in 2013 along with Cartoonito to make way for Boing
Cartoon Network America
Cartoon Network Asia
Television lists
An autobiography is a biography in which the author writes about his or her own life.
It is a self-written account of one's own life.
Penjing (盆景 pinyin: pén jǐng, literally tray scenery), also known as penzai is the ancient Chinese art of growing trees and plants in containers.
The plants are kept small by skilled pruning.
The first historical reference to penjing is from the 9th century.
Brian Eno (born 15 May 1948) is an English musician.
He was one of the original members of the band Roxy Music.
He makes music called electronic music, which is music made using computers and other electronic devices, like the synthesizer.
Brian Eno has worked with other famous musicians and groups like David Bowie and U2.
British record producers
Musicians from Suffolk
For the game series see, Kirby (series)
Kirby, Now sold over 42 million copies Is one of Nintendo’s Best sellers  and even though he’s cute, he’s really Dangerous (To the bad guys.)
from  King Dedede (Who wants to be king of dreamland) to Void termina (Destroyer of Worlds) He’s defeated them all.
He can swim, fly, inhale and take abilities from bad guys.
But, we will talk about who Kirby is and how he came to be.
Kirby (originally named Popopo) has been the main character of some of games made by HAL Laboratory (or HALKEN, as it was called in the 90's).
He appeared in over twenty games since 1992 and in the anime television series.
The series has sold over 33 million copies worldwide.
The original games of the series are platformers.
They typically begin with an evil villain threatening his home of Dream Land (Pupupuland プププランド) on the planet Pop Star, usually the greedy King Dedede and Dark Matter other enemies are Magolor, Metaknight, and Landia.
Kirby can walk, run, jump, swim underwater, float, and inhale,  and spit out or swallow enemies.
After Kirby's Dream Land, Kirby can copy abilities from enemies he swallowed, such as Fire, Sword, Fighter, Tornado, and Cutter.
The character is named after lawyer John Kirby.
Kirby’s Dreamland.
1992 Sold on gameboy
Kirby’s Adventure.
1993 Sold on NES
Kirby’s pinball land.
1993 Sold on Gameboy
Kirby’s Dream Course.
1994 Sold on Super NES
Kirby’s avalanche.
1995 Sold on Super NES
Kirby’s Dreamland 2.
1995 Sold on gameboy
Kirby’s Block ball.
1995 Sold on Gameboy
Kirby Super Star.
1996 Sold on Super
Kirby’s Star Stacker.
1997 Sold On Gameboy
Kirby’s Dreamland 3.
1997 Sold on Super NES
Kirby 64 The crystal shards.
2000 Sold on Nintendo 64
Kirby Tilt’n’Tumble.
2000 Sold on Gameboy color
Kirby Nightmare in dreamland.
2002 Sold on Gameboy Advance
Kirby Airride.
2003 Sold on Gamecube
Kirby & the amazing mirror.
2004 Sold on Gameboy Advance
Kirby Canvas curse.
2005 Sold on Nintendo DS
Kirby Squeak Squad.
2006 Sold on Nintendo DS
Kirby Super Star Ultra.
2008 Sold on Nintendo DS
Kirby’s Epic Yarn.
2010 Sold on Nintendo DS
Kirby Mass attack.
2011 Sold on Nintendo DS
Kirby’s Dream collection.
2012 Sold on Wii
Dedede’s Drum Dash Deluxe.
2014 Sold on Nintendo 3DS
Kirby Fighters Deluxe.
Kirby Triple Deluxe.
Kirby and the rainbow curse.
2015 Sold on WiiU
Kirby Planet Robobot.
2016 Sold on Nintendo 3DS
Team Kirby Clash Deluxe.
2017 Sold on Nintendo 3DS
Kirby’s Blowout Blast.
Kirby Battle Royale.
2018 Sold on Nintendo 3DS
Kirby Star Allies.
2018 Sold on Nintendo Switch
Kirby’s Extra Epic Yarn.
Super Kirby Clash.
2019 Sold on Nintendo Switch
Kirby Fighters 2.
2020 Sold on Nintendo Switch
The backgrounds for the Kirby series are pretty but they made them in a different than usual way.
Normally they would give the person who makes the maps to make the backgrounds too but instead they had a designer draw it then gave it to the mapper to make the maps and levels.
How Kirby got his shape is that Sakurai wanted a cute character that everyone can enjoy.
People also draw characters they like in their notebook so he and his crew decided with a circular shape that’s easy to draw.
When they first made Kirby’s dreamland, people started saying That it was too easy or too short, so they decided to make something fun and easy, even for the skilled players, So they made Kirby’s adventure.
With swallowing to get power-ups instead of just inhaling and spitting the enemy out to hit the other one.
Kirby's "official" U.S. homepage
Kirby's "official" Japanese homepage
Fictional characters introduced in 1992
Nintendo video game characters
A capacitor (also called condenser, which is the older term) is an electronic device that stores electric energy.
It is similar to a battery, but can be smaller, lightweight and a capacitor charges or discharges much quicker.
Capacitors are used in many electronic devices today, and can be made out of many different types of material.
The Leyden jar was one of the first capacitors invented.
Capacitors are usually made with two metal plates that are on top of each other and near each other, but that do not actually touch.
When powered, they allow energy to be stored inside an electrical field.
Because the plates need a lot of area to store even a small amount of charge, the plates are usually rolled up into some other shape, such as a cylinder.
Sometimes, other shapes of capacitors are used for special purposes.
A capacitor-like effect can also result just from two conductors being close to each other, whether you want it to exist or not.
The type of capacitor used depends on the application.
Capacitors come in many sizes.
They can be as small as an ant or as large as a dustbin.
A few capacitors are adjustable.
All capacitors have two connections, or leads.
Most kinds of capacitors can be replaced easily by someone who has basic skills in electronics.
However, one of the more powerful types - the electrolytic capacitor - must be used the correct way, or they can explode violently.
While capacitors can store energy, as batteries do, capacitors can release all their stored energy very quickly, even faster than a second.
A defibrillator or a photoflash capacitor uses this ability.
It gradually charges, until it cannot be filled any more, and then quickly discharges its stored power to a device that needs to have it quickly.
Supercapacitors hold a bigger charge than regular capacitors.
They are used to store electricity for motors and other purposes when batteries won't discharge quickly enough.
Polystyrene film capacitors
This type of capacitor is not for use in high frequency circuits, being made with a coil inside.
They can charge and discharge even more quickly than other capacitors.
They are used in filter circuits or timing circuits which run at several hundred KHz or less.
Electrolytic capacitors
Electrolytic capacitors use a conducting surface inside a liquid electrolyte.
They do not charge and discharge as rapidly as film capacitors do.
They have polarity and so they have to be attached correctly.
There are two leads; one will have a + and the other a -.
This means one lead is positive and one is negative.
There are two different styles: axial, where the leads are connected to each end, and radial, where the leads are connected to one end.
Electrolytic capacitors are printed with capacitance and voltage rating.
Since the voltage rating can be low, it is important to check that the electrolytic capacitor is not overcharged.
Capacitors can be separated from a battery, then connected in series.
Because the capacitor is polarized, the positive terminal must be connected to a negative terminal.
This creates correct polarity through the electrical circuit and prevents breakdown.
Some electrolytic capacitors are unpolarized, meaning that either side can be positive or negative.
These are mostly used in loudspeakers to block low-frequency signals (bass) from reaching high-frequency (tweeter) drivers.
Nonlinstor-An electronic circuit element of the nonlinear type with the deepening charge-controlled capacitor properties based on the form of the nonlinear differential equation (Brief annotation of the connection equation(R)), Xi'an: Xi'an Modern Nonlinear Science Applying Institute.
Introduction To Capacitors Capsite 2016
The old name for a capacitor
Condenser (laboratory), a device used in a chemistry laboratory
Strategy is a word which was first used by the military.
It comes from an ancient Greek word for the general officer commanding all the armed forces of  a state.
A strategy is a long term plan on what to do to achieve a certain goal.
When talking about the near future, people often use the word tactics.
Military theorist Carl von Clausewitz said "tactics is the art of using troops in battle; strategy is the art of using battles to win the war".
Today, the word "strategy" is in common use; people might talk about "business strategy", for example.
The distinction between strategy and tactics applies to any planning which might be done against an enemy or opponent.
Strategy is what we broadly intend to do to reach our long-term goal or objective.
Tactics is the detailed steps which are used as our progress is opposed by the opponent.
For this reason, tactics are short-scale and flexible.
Strategy, on the other hand, is changed as little as possible.
It may be that our goal simply cannot be reached.
In that case, a search goes on for a new goal and a new or adjusted strategy.
Often, in war, chess or business, roughly the same tactics are still used to get to a different goal.
Negotiation is another area where the distinction between strategy and tactics is especially clear.
Clausewitz, Carl von.
On War, trans.
Michael Howard and Peter Paret.
Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ.
Gray, Colin S. 1999.
Modern Strategy.
Oxford: Oxford Univ.
Liddell Hart, Basil.
H. 1967.
New York: Praeger.
Luttwak, Edward.
Strategy: the logic of war and peace.
Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press.
Sun Tzu.
The Art of War.
Samuel B. Griffith.
Watson, John 1998.
Secrets of modern chess strategy: advances since Nimzowitsch.
In Computer science, a Design pattern is an abstract solution to a certain problem.
Design patterns are used in object oriented programming.
They give a possible solution to a problem of designing software.
Design patterns became popular around the year 1995.
They also simplify the language between computer scientists.
Ideally, a design pattern should be reusable many times.
It is like a brick of a house, it can be used for many different problems.
One can also build bridges with bricks, not only houses.
These examples are actual examples of design patterns as they are in use.
They have not been simplified.
It is only the language used to describe them that has been made simpler.
The flyweight design pattern is used to minimize the use of many similar objects.
In a text-processing system each letter can have some attributes like formatting, typeface, and size.
While it would be possible to create a new object for each character in the document and give it these attributes, it is extremely expensive.
Instead it would be better to create one object for each type of formatting and link the letter to that information.
That needs a lot fewer objects.
The only extra information that would need to be stored is the word or letter's position in the document.
All similar letters would use the same object to define font, size, and other properties.
Another easy to understand pattern is called Singleton.
It is used when there can only be one instance of a given class.
That class usually has some static method (e.g. getInstance()) which returns a new instance.
It also saves the instance internally.
So if it already created the instance, it can simply return it.
static Object theInstance=null;
public Object getInstance() {
if (theInstance==null) {
theInstance=new Object();}
return theInstance; }
Amarillo is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.
It is in the northern part of Texas.
The city's economy is mostly based on cattle.
In 2000, 173,627 people lived there.
Cities in Pennsylvania
Gillingham Football Club is an English football club.
They are based in the town of Gillingham, Kent.
They are currently in Football League One.
They play home games at Priestfield Stadium.
Gillingham are managed by Steve Lovell and the chairman is Paul Scally.
The club captain, Gabriel Zakuani, plays in defence.
They finished their last season (2017-18) in 17th.
1893 establishments in England
A round in music is a song which can be sung by two or more groups of people.
One group starts off and the next group start to sing the same song a bit later.
It should sound nice together.
When a group gets to the end of the song they start again.
They can go round and round, singing it several times.
Usually rounds are in 2, 3 or 4 parts (meaning that they are for 2, 3 or 4 groups of people).
When a group of people sing or  play a round they usually sing it an agreed number of times.
This means that the group which starts last also finishes last.
Frère Jacques is a famous French round.
London's Burning is an English round.
Both those rounds can be sung in 4 parts.
The oldest round that we know is Sumer is icumen in.
This is a very famous piece of music because it is the oldest piece of music we know that was written down.
It was written around 1250 by a monk.
It can be sung in 4 parts with 2 bass drones (held notes).
Writing music by making one part imitate another is called canonic writing.
Rounds are a kind of canon.
Musical forms
The gallbladder is a pear-shaped organ in your abdomen.
It stores about 50 ml of acidic liquid (bile) until the body needs it for digestion.
That liquid helps digest fat.
The gallbladder is about 7-10cm long in humans.
It is dark green in color because of the bile in it.
It is connected to the liver and the duodenum by the biliary tract.
Addenbrooke's Hospital is a large hospital in Cambridge, England.
The hospital lets people in to look around, once every two years.
You can visit the mortuary, the operating theatres and the hospital roof.
Hospitals in the United Kingdom
Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) is an herbivore marsupials that live in the eucalyptus forests of eastern Australia.
They are the only living species in the family Phascolarctidae.
They are related to the wombats.
Koalas are often called koala bears, because a koala looks like a small bear or teddy bear.
However, it is not a bear, it is quite a different type of animal.
Koalas have brownish-grey or silver-grey fur, and a big pink, dark red or/and black nose.
They have sharp claws which help them to climb.
Koalas also have finger prints which look the same as human finger prints.
Finger print experts have had difficulty in being able to tell if the prints are from a human or koala.
Finger prints are rare among mammals that climb trees.
Scientists do not know why the koala has them, but their best guess is that it helps the koala choose leaves to eat.
Koalas are mostly active at night.
They live in trees and are rarely found on the ground.
Koalas have two unusual characteristics.
They eat leaves of  eucalyptus trees.
Koalas do not drink often, they get most of their water from the eucalyptus leaves they eat.
Eucalyptus leaves are poisonous, but koalas do not get poisoned.
This is because they have certain bacteria in their digestive tract that can detoxify the poison in the leaves.
Koalas, however, have to sleep long hours because eucalyptus leaves do not produce much energy and also because the digestive process takes a long time.
Koalas have a peculiar way of cooling themselves.
Unlike humans who sweat and other animals, which either pant or lick their fur to stay cool, koalas reduce their body heat by hugging a tree.
The temperature of the trunks of certain trees is up to 9 degrees Celsius lower than the air temperature.
Koalas prefer to stay on these trees on a hot day even if they do not have the tastiest leaves.
After a pregnancy of 35 days, the newly born koala is about a quarter of an inch long, and is born with no ears, eyes, or hair.
It crawls into its mothers pouch on its own.
After 12 months the young koala is old enough that it does not go into its mother's pouch or need milk anymore.
The female koala can have another baby then.
Young koalas usually leave their mothers when they are 18 months old, but if their mother does not have another baby they sometimes stay for up to three years.
Koalas become mature when they are about two years old, but they often have their first baby after another two years.
The koala is not an endangered species, but it is a near vulnerable species.
One reason is the loss of habitat, which means that koalas have less space to live.
In some places there are very few koalas left.
But there are also places, such as French Island (Victoria), with too many koalas that eat too much.
Because of this the eucalyptus trees and other animals are in danger.
A study looking at koala numbers at 1800 sites for 20 years, shows that the number of koalas is falling.
The study, by the Australian Koala Foundation, estimates that there are only about 50,000 koalas left.
there is over 500 types of gum trees in the world, however, koalas only eat 4-6 types that they prefer.
Many koalas are infected with Chlamydia.
This is affecting the survival of the species.
Koalas on French Island do not have the disease, and so groups of them are often moved to the mainland to repopulate some areas.
The disease can cause blindness, pneumonia, urinary tract infections and reproductive tract infections.
The Aussie Koala Ark Conservation Project
John Coolidge Adams is an American composer.
He was born in 1947.
His music often uses minimalism with large orchestras and lots of different sounds.
He was named after John Adams, the 2nd President.
He studied music at Harvard University.
After he had graduated he packed all his belongings into his Volkswagen and drove all the way across the United States to California where he got a job as a forklift operator.
Soon he became part of the musical scene of San Francisco.
He listened to the music of minimalist composers like John Cage, Terry Riley and Morton Feldman.
By the mid-1980s he was earning a living as composer and conductor.
The piece that made him famous was called Harmonium.
At times the music is made to sound like a harmonium instrument, but the title also refers to "harmony", showing that he is writing tonal music unlike some modern composers at the time whose music was getting harder and harder to understand because it was not in any key.
Adams wrote several short pieces such as Short Ride in a Fast Machine and The Chairman Dances.
This last piece is music from his opera Nixon in China which was widely performed but made some people angry because the Chinese leaders Chou En-lai and Mao Tse-tung are shown as human beings who deserve a certain amount of sympathy.
Adam's Violin Concerto has been performed over 100 times by many of the world's famous violinists.
Adam's song "The Chairman Dances" appered in the game Civilization IV.
Handcuffs are a type of restraint, often used by police to ensure suspects cannot escape or hurt anyone.
They do this by securing a person's wrists together.
They are usually metal and are made up of two parts linked together by a chain.
Handcuffs cannot be removed without the right key, and a handcuffed person cannot move their wrists more than a short distance apart.
Usually they are put on behind the back.
There are three main types of handcuffs: chain, hinged, and solid bar.
While they are harder to carry, rigid handcuffs allow a number of differences in cuffing.
Both rigid and hinged cuffs can be used one-handed to apply pain-compliance/control techniques.
Different accessories are available to improve the security or increase the hardness of handcuffs.
These include boxes that fit over the chain or hinge and can be locked with a padlock.
In 1933 the Royal Canadian Mounted Police used a type called "Mitten Handcuffs".
These stopped criminals from being able to grab the officer's tools, such as their gun.
It was used by some in law enforcement but it was never popular.
The National Museum of Australia has a number of handcuffs in its collection.
These can be from as early as the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Double locks
Handcuffs with double locks have a piece that can stop the cuff from getting tighter.
Tightening could be done on purpose or by struggling.
Handcuffs may cause nerve damage or loss of circulation if they are tightened.
Some wearers could tighten the cuffs to try to escape.
They do this by trying to escape when the officer is loosening the cuffs.
Lever lock
Moving a lever on the cuff makes the lock move into a position that locks the bolt.
No tool is needed to double lock this type of cuff.
Push pin lock
Slot lock
Plastic handcuffs
Plastic handcuffs, are lightweight plastic strips that look like electrical cable ties.
Soldiers and police can carry a lot of them at once.
This is useful for some situations, such as during big protests and riots.
In recent years, airlines have started to carry plastic handcuffs to restrain troublesome passengers.
Disposable handcuffs could be considered cost-inefficient.
This is because they cannot be loosened, and have to be cut off to let a restrained person be fingerprinted, or to use the bathroom.
However, this usage means that cheap handcuffs are used in times where steel ones would normally be unused for long times.
Recent products have been made that deal with this.
These include disposable plastic restraints that can be opened with a key.
These are more expensive than traditional plastic restraints, since they can only be used for a small number of times, and are not as strong.
In addition, many people think plastic restraints are more likely to cause nerve or soft-tissue damage to the wearer than metal handcuffs.
Legcuffs
When a suspect is extremely aggressive, leg irons may be used as well.
Sometimes the chain connecting the leg irons to each other is looped around the chain of the handcuffs, resulting in the prisoner being "hog-tied" or "hog cuffed".
In a few rare cases, people lying on their stomachs have died from positional asphyxia.
This makes the practice very controversial, and has led to it being restricted, or even banned, in many places.
Most handcuffs today in Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom and Latin America can be opened with the same key.
This makes transporting prisoners easier.
However, there are handcuff makers who use different keys.
Maximum security handcuffs need special keys.
Handcuff keys usually do not work with thumbcuffs.
The Cuff Lock handcuff key padlock uses this same standard key.
In addition to the Universal handcuff key, a few modified designs exist.
One kind of key is designed to fit behind an officer's badge.
Its function is a beam of light which helps to see.
It usually requires batteries.
The light is made by a small light bulb.
In the 20th century, it was usually an incandescent bulb.
Nowadays most use LEDs, which work slightly differently.
In 1896, the first dry cell battery was invented.
Unlike previous batteries, it used a paste electrolyte instead of a liquid.
This was the first battery suitable for portable electrical devices, as it did not spill or break easily and worked in any orientation.
Sometimes the electricity comes from a small generator instead of a battery.
Hundreds of years ago, people used candles for all indoor light.
This was expensive, and once the candle was gone, you would have to buy or make a new one or be stuck in the dark.
When electricity was discovered and the light bulb was invented, David Misell, a British man working in Hubert's New York shop in 1898, came up with the idea of a light bulb that you could take with you, anywhere you wanted to go.
Then, the torch was invented.
The first flashlight has three D batteries which powered a small incandescent bulb.
The bulbs would glow with a simple ON/OFF switch.
Discrimination is when someone is treated unfairly or differently.
Discrimination is when a person is treated unfairly or badly because the person is one of a particular group.
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights affirms that all persons must be protected against any kind of discrimination, or even its inciting.
Discrimination can take many forms.
It can include being fired from a job, not being able to be hired for a job, being paid less money than others at the same job, being refused a home or apartment, teasing, harassment, or simply being treated differently than other people.
Laws known as "equal opportunity legislation" protect people from discrimination.