the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
from other Apple devices or iCloud to a TV.
Apple TV was first announced on September 12, 2006 under the name "iTV", however the name was changed before the final release because a UK television company named ITV threatened to sue Apple if they used the name.
Sales of Apple TV started on March 21, 2007.
On September 9, 2015, at WWDC, Apple announced the 4th generation Apple TV.
It features a new Siri remote, and an App Store, as part of TVOS 9.0.
The city of Angoulême is surrounded by the communes:
The inhabitants of this city are known, in French, as Angoumoisins (women: Angoumoisines).
With a population of 41,955, Angoulême has a population density of  inhabitants/km2.
Angoulême forms, together with other 17 communes, the urban area of Angoulême with a population of 108,624 inhabitants (2013) and an area of .
This urban area is the centre of the metropolitan area of Angoulême, formed by 106 communes, with a population of 180,820 inhabitants (2013) and an area of .
Angoulême is the prefecture of the Charente department, the capital of the arrondissement of Angoulême and the administrative centre () of three cantons:
Angoulême-1 formed by the commune Fléac and part of Angoulême, with 18,498 inhabitants (2014).
Angoulême-2 formed by the commune L'Isle-d'Espagnac and part of Angoulême, with 18,990 inhabitants (2014).
Angoulême-3 formed by the commune Soyaux and part of Angoulême, with 22,883 inhabitants (2014).
It is part of the intercommunality Grand Angoulême ().
Bury, United Kingdom since 1959.
Hildesheim, Germany since 1965.
Vitoria Gasteiz, Spain since 1967.
Chicoutimi (Saguenay, Quebec), Canada since 1969.
Gelendzhik, Russia since 1977.
Ségou, Mali since 1985.
Turda, Romania since 1994.
Hoffman Estates, United States since 1996.
Mairie de Angoulême official website
Grand Angoulême
The following is a list of the 602 communes of the Manche département, in France.
(CUC) Communauté urbaine de Cherbourg, created in 1970.
The following is a list of the 369 communes of the Drôme département in France.
Drome
The following is a list of the 277 communes of the Indre-et-Loire département, in France.
(CAT) Communauté d'agglomération Tours Plus, created in 2000.
The following is a list of the 533 different communes of the Isère département, in France.
(CUB) Agglomeration community of Grenoble Alpes Métropole, created in 2000.
(CAVI) Agglomeration community of Pays Viennois, created in 2002, also partly in the Rhône département.
(CAVO) Agglomeration community of Pays Voironnais, created in 2000.
(SANI) New agglomeration syndicate of Isle-d'Abeau, created in 1984.
Isere
Blinman is a small town in the northern Flinders Ranges of South Australia.
It is 485 km north of the state capital, Adelaide.
About 151 people live in the Blinman area.
The town is also known as the highest town in South Australia.
It has a hotel, cafe, general store and a post office.
In December 1859, a shepherd called Robert Blinman, from the nearby Angorichina station (farm) found copper.
He was nickmaned "Peg Leg" because he had a wooden leg.
With a group of friends he started the Wheal Blinman, a copper mine in 1861.
The town grew quickly and by 1869 there were about 1,500 people living there.
Many miners were Cornish men, who had been mining for copper at Burra, South Australia.
The mine, later called the Blinman Consolidated Copper Mining Company of South Australia, soon became the biggest and most productive mine in the Flinders Ranges.
About 10,000 tonnes of copper were taken from the mine which finally closed in 1918.
The following is a list of the 327 communes of the Loire département, in France.
(CAF) Communauté d'agglomération du Forez Sud, created in 2004.
(CAR) Communauté d'agglomération le Grand Roanne, created in 2000.
(CAS) Communauté d'agglomération de Saint-Étienne Métropole, created in 2001.
Villars is a small village in France near Saint-Priest-en-Jarez.
Paulo Freire (September 19, 1921 - May 2, 1997) was an educator born in Brazil.
He developed new ideas about education for the oppressed - people who have been trodden down.
Paulo Freire wrote about the philosophy of education that came not only from old school such as Plato, but also from modern Marxist and anti-colonialist thinkers.
In fact, in many ways his Pedagogy of the Oppressed (1970) may be best read as an extension of, or reply to, Frantz Fanon’s The Wretched of the Earth (1961), which emphasized the need to provide native populations with an education which was simultaneously new and modern (rather than traditional) and anti-colonial (not simply an extension of the culture of the colonizer).
In Pedagogy of the Oppressed (1970), Freire, talks about the oppressors-oppressed distinction,seeing differences between the two positions in an unjust society: the oppressor and the oppressed.
Freire makes no direct reference to his most direct influence for the distinction, which stems back to a least Hegel in 1802, and has since been reprised by many authors including Engels, Marx, Lenin, Gramsci, Simone Weil and others.
Freire advocates that education allows the oppressed to regain their humanity and overcome their condition; however, he acknowledges that in order for this to take effect, the oppressed have to play a role in their own liberation.
As he states:
No pedagogy which is truly liberating can remain distant from the oppressed by treating them as unfortunates and by presenting for their emulation models from among the oppressors.
The oppressed must be their own example in the struggle for their redemption (Freire, 1970, p. 54).
The ideas of Paulo Freire
Freire believed education to be a political act that could not be divorced from pedagogy.
Freire defined this as a main tenet of critical pedagogy.
Teachers and students must be made aware of the "politics" that surround education.
Teachers, themselves, have political notions they bring into the classroom (Kincheloe, 2008).</blockquote> Freire believed that "education makes sense because women and men learn that through learning they can make and remake themselves, because women and men are able to take responsibility for themselves as beings capable of knowing — of knowing that they know and knowing that they don't" (Freire, 2004, p. 15)
Pedagogy: How teachers teach
In terms of actual pedagogy, Freire is best known for his attack on what he called the "banking" concept of education, in which the student was viewed as an empty account to be filled by the teacher.
He notes that "it transforms students into receiving objects.
It attempts to control thinking and action, leads men and women to adjust to the world, and inhibits their creative power" (Freire, 1970, p. 77).
The basic critique was not new — Rousseau’s conception of the child as an active learner was already a step away from tabula rasa (which is basically the same as the “banking concept”).
In addition, thinkers like John Dewey were strongly critical of the transmission of mere facts as the goal of education.
Dewey often described education as a mechanism for social change, explaining that “education is a regulation of the process of coming to share in the social consciousness; and that the adjustment of individual activity on the basis of this social consciousness is the only sure method of social reconstruction” (1897, p. 16).
Freire’s work, however, updated the concept and placed it in context with current theories and practices of education, laying the foundation for what is now called critical pedagogy.
Teachers and students: an organic whole
More challenging is Freire's strong aversion to the teacher-student difference.
This splitis admitted in Rousseau and constrained in Dewey, but Freire comes close to insisting that it be completely abolished.
This is hard to imagine in absolute terms, since there must be some enactment of the teacher-student relationship in the parent-child relationship, but what Freire suggests is that a deep reciprocity be inserted into our notions of teacher and student.
He goes so far as to say that “Education must begin with the solution of the teacher-student contradiction, by reconciling the poles of the contradiction so that both are simultaneously students and teachers” (Freire, 1970, p. 72).
Freire wants us to think in terms of teacher-student and student-teacher – that is, a teacher who learns and a learner who teaches – as the basic roles of classroom participation.
Freire however insists that educator and student, though sharing democratic social relations of education, are not on an equal footing, but the educator must be humble enough to be disposed to relearn that which he/she already thinks she knows, through interaction with the learner.
The authority which the educator enjoys must not be allowed to degenerate into authoritarianism; teachers must recognize that "their fundamental objective is to fight alongside the people for the recovery of the people's stolen humanity", not to "win the people over" to their side (Freire, 1970, p. 95).
Brazilian educators
The following is a list of the 594 communes of the Doubs département in France.
(CAB) Communauté d'agglomération du Grand Besançon, created in 2001.
(CAM) Communauté d'agglomération du Pays de Montbéliard, created in 2000.
The fiscal year is a year long time period used to figure out an organization's budget.
It is not always the same as the calendar year.
It is also a North American term for financial year.
"Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?",
also sung as "Buddy, Can You Spare a Dime?",
is one of the best-known American songs of the Great Depression.
Written in 1931 by lyricist E. Y. "Yip" Harburg and composer Jay Gorney, "Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?"
was part of the 1932 musical New Americana; the melody is based on a Russian lullaby Gorney heard as a child.
It became best known, however, through recordings by Bing Crosby and Rudy Vallee.
Both versions were released right before Franklin Delano Roosevelt's election to the presidency and both became number one hits on the charts.
The Brunswick Crosby recording became the best-selling record of its period, and came to be viewed as an anthem of the shattered dreams of the era.
The song has unusual structure for a Broadway song.
Firstly, rather than starting in a major key, as most Broadway songs do, it begins in a minor key, which is darker, and more appropriate for the Depression.
When discussing the prosperous past and building the railroads, the song jumps an octave and moves briefly into a major key, evoking energy and optimism.
It then reverts to a minor key in the word "time" in the line "Once I built a railroad, made it run / Made it race against time," marking the end of prosperous times, and changing to a wistful mood.
The song then ends, not on a note of resignation, but with anger – repeating the beginning (as is usual for Broadway songs), an octave higher, but with a significant change: the friendly "Brother, can you spare a dime?"
is replaced with the aggressive "Buddy, can you spare a dime?"
During the bad times in the 1970s, the New York Times asked Harburg to update "Brother" for a new age, and he responded with:
Al Jolson live performance recorded in the early 30's.
Peter, Paul and Mary recorded a version in 1965, for their album See What Tomorrow Brings.
Barbra Streisand recorded a version in 1966, for her album My Name is Barbra, Two....
Spanky And Our Gang recorded a version in 1967, on their "Spanky and Our Gang" album.
Tom Jones recorded a version in 1970, for his album I Who Have Nothing.
Judy Collins recorded a version in 1975, for her album Judith.
Peter Yarrow (from Peter Paul and Mary)  recorded alone in 1975 for his album Hard times.
Tom Waits recorded a version in 1976, for his album Spare Parts.
Tiny Tim recorded a version in 1979, for his album Chameleon
The Dave Brubeck Quartet recorded a version in 1980, for the album Tritonis
Eugene Chadbourne recorded a seven minutes long version in 1996, for his album Jesse Helms Busted With Pornography.
George Michael recorded a version in 1999, for his 1999 album Songs from the Last Century.
Songs of the Great Depression  – lyrics, prepared by Professor Catherine Lavender for courses in The Department of History, The College of Staten Island of The City University of New York.
Explanation of lyrics
The club was founded in 1919 under the name FC Bregenz.
The club colours were black and white.
Till 1927 they only played friendly matches versus teams from Germany and Switzerland.
In 1927 they played for the first time in Vorarlbergs league.
Already 1928 they became Vorarlbergs champion.
1938, after the occupation of Austria by Nazi Germany they formed with other teams from the region the Bezirksklasse Bodensee-Vorarlberg.
Due to the Second World War the league was dissolved in 1942.
After the War FC Bregenz was refounded under the name SC Schwarz-Weiß Bregenz.
They reached the highest level of Austrian football, the Staatsliga,for the first time in 1954 but was relegated the same season.
Till 1999 the club played under different names in the second level of Austrians league.
1999 they were promoted to the Austrian Bundesliga, where they played till the 2004/05 season.
At this time they were relegated to the Erste Liga, the second level.
Due to financial problems they could not get the licence and the club declare bankruptcy.
For the young players a new club was founded, SC Bregenz.
Although it is legally a new club the supporters saw it as  replacement of the old club.
Since 2007 this club plays in the Regionalliga West (3rd level).
12x Champion of Vorarlberg:1928 as FC Bregenz, 1947, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1956, 1957, 1964, 1966, 1970 as Schwarz-Weiß Bregenz
9x Champion of the second level of the league system:1951, 1952, 1954, 1956, 1957 (Arlbergliga), 1966, 1970, 1972 (Regionalliga West), 1999 (Erste Division)
1x Champion of the third level:1996 (Regionalliga West)
1x Vorarlberg Cup(women):2005
Bundesliga: 5th in the 2003/04 season.
Football clubs of Vorarlberg
The River Shannon is the longest river in Ireland.
It runs mainly in a north/south direction, dividing Ireland geographically between east and west.
It is thought to rise in Shannon Pot in County Cavan, and enters the sea in the Shannon Estuary at Limerick.
The river represents a major physical barrier between east and west.
Rattlesden is a village and civil parish in Mid Suffolk, Suffolk, England.
In 2001 there were 811 people living in Rattlesden.
Little Strickland is a village and civil parish near the M6 motorway in Eden, Cumbria, England.
Crackenthorpe is a village and civil parish near the A66 road in Eden, Cumbria, England.
Moulins is a commune in the Allier department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in central France.
It is the préfecture (capital) of the department and the historical capital of the old province of Bourbonnais (the Duchy of Bourbonnais).
Moulins experienced its golden age in the 15th century, when the Dukes of Bourbon lived in the city on the Allier river.
The region of the northern Massif Central where is Moulins is called the Bourbonnais after the House of Bourbon.
Moulins is along the Allier river, mainly on the right (eastern) side of the river.
Moulins is surrounded by the communes Avermes, Yzeure, Toulon-sur-Allier, Bressolles and Neuvy.
The inhabitants of Moulins are known, in French, as Moulinois (women: Moulinoises).
With a population of 19,762, Moulins has a population density of  inhabitants/km2.
Moulins is the prefecture of the Allier department since 1800.
It is also the capital of the arrondissement of Moulins and the administrative centre () of two cantons:
Moulins-1, formed by 6 communes and part of Moulins, with 18,030 inhabitants (2014).
Moulins-2, formed by 22 communes and part of Moulins, with 19,368 inhabitants (2014).
It is part of the intercommunality Moulins Communauté ().
Bad Vilbel, Germany
Montepulciano, Italy
The Moulins Cathedral Basilica (Cathédrale Notre-Dame-de-l'Annonciation de Moulins) is a Roman Catholic cathedral.
The Anne de Beaujeu Museum is an art museum.
The National Center of Costume and Scenography (Centre national du Costume de scène) is a museum dedicated to stage costumes and sets.
People from or related to Moulins
Coco Chanel, fashion designer, lived several years in Moulins.
"The Edge of Glory" is a song by American pop singer Lady Gaga from her third album Born This Way.
It was released as the third single from the album on May 9, 2011.
The song peaked at number 3 in the US and Canada, number 2 in Australia, and number 6 in the UK.
The RIAA certified the song triple-Platinum on February 29, 2016, for sales and shipments of 3 million copies in the United States alone.
Gaga is shown on a fire escape of an apartment building in New York City.
Clarence Clemons, who played the saxophone for American singer Bruce Springsteen's E Street Band, is seen playing the instrument throughout the video.
Shortly after appearing in the video, Clemons died from a stroke.
The following is a list of the 320 communes of the Allier département in France.
(CAML) Communauté d'agglomération de Montluçon, created in 2001.
(CAMO) Communauté d'agglomération de Moulins, created in 2001.
(CAV)  Communauté d'agglomération de Vichy, created in 2001.
Cognac is at about  to the east of the Atlantic coast.
The inhabitants of this city are known, in French, as Cognaçais (women: Cognaçaises).
With a population of 18,717, Cognac has a population density of  inhabitants/km2.
Cognac is a subprefecture of the Charente department, the capital of the arrondissement of Cognac and the administrative centre () of two cantons:
Cognac-1, with 16,721 inhabitants (2014).
Cognac-2, with 17,693 inhabitants (2014).
It is part of the intercommunality Grand Cognac ().
Königswinter, Germany
Perth, Scotland, UK
Denison, Texas, USA
Valdepeñas, Spain
Tovuz, Azerbaijan
Ville de Cognac official website
Grand Cognac
Charente Departmental Council website
Digne-les-Bains is a commune in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department in the south-east of France.
It is also the capital of the department.
Bad Mergentheim, Germany
Borgomanero, Italy
The following is a list of the 198 communes of the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence département in France.
Gap is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France.
It is the préfecture (capital), and main city, of the department.
Gap is the highest prefecture (departmental capital) of France; the city is in a valley whose bottom is at an altitude of about  above sea level.
Gap is in the south central part of the Hautes-Alpes department.
The Luye, a tributary of the Durance river, flows through the city.
Marseille, the regional capital - ;
The commune of Gap is surrounded by 17 communes: Laye, Saint-Laurent-du-Cros, Forest-Saint-Julien, La Rochette, Rambaud, Jarjayes, Neffes, Châteauvieux, Lettret, Pelleautier, La Roche-des-Arnauds, La Freissinouse, La Fare-en-Champsaur, Poligny, Le Noyer, Le Dévoluy, Rabou
The inhabitants of Gap are known, in French, as Gapençais (women: Gapençaises).
With a population of 40,225, Gap has a population density of  inhabitants/km2.
Gap forms with La Rochette the urban area of Gap with a population of 40,700 inhabitants (2014) and an area of .
This urban area is the centre of the metropolitan area of Gap, formed by 39 communes, with a population of 62,567 inhabitants (2014) and an area of .
Gap is the prefecture of the Hautes-Alpes department, the capital of the arrondissement of Gap and the administrative centre () of four cantons:
Gap-1 formed by a part of Gap, with 9,895 inhabitants (2014).
Gap-2 formed by a part of Gap, with 10,743 inhabitants (2014).
Gap-3 formed by a part of Gap, with 10,346 inhabitants (2014).
Gap-4 formed by a part of Gap, with 9,241 inhabitants (2014).
It is part of the intercommunality Gap-Tallard-Durance ().
Pinerolo, Italy, since 1966;
Traunstein, Germany, since 1976.
Ville de Gap - official website
Communes in Hautes-Alpes
The following is a list of the 177 communes of the Hautes-Alpes département in France.
Anne Spielberg (born December 25, 1949) is an American screenwriter.
She is the sister of movie director Steven Spielberg.
She was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1949.
After working for her brother's production company, Amblin Entertainment, she co-wrote the movie Big in 1988.
For this, she was nominated for an Academy Award for "Best Writing of an Original Screenplay".
She was also a co-producer on the movie, along with noted television and movie producer James L. Brooks.
She was also an uncredited cowriter of the movie Small Soldiers.
Sue Spielberg and Nancy Katz are her sisters.
writers from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Kate Capshaw (born Kathleen Sue Nail on November 3, 1953 in Fort Worth, Texas) is an American actress.
She is the wife of movie director Steven Spielberg.
In 1956, Capshaw's desire to be an actress led her to New York.
There she got a role on the soap The Edge of Night.
Capshaw was married to her first husband, Robert Capshaw, from 1976 until their divorce in 1980.
In 1982, she made her first movie role in A Little Sex.
In 1984, she met future husband Spielberg when she beat out 120 actresses for the female lead in Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom.
The two married on October 12, 1991.
In 1993, Capshaw became a regular on the brief series Black Tie Affair.
actors from Fort Worth, Texas
Charleville-Mézières is a commune.
It is the prefecture of the Ardennes department.
Nevers, France
Mantua, Italy
Dülmen, Germany
Euskirchen, Germany
Nordhausen, Germany
Iida, Japan
The following is a list of the 463 communes of the Ardennes département in France.
Soulby is a village and civil parish in Eden, Cumbria, England.
In 2001 there were 186 people living in Soulby.
Waitby is a village and civil parish in near Kirkby Stephen in Eden, Cumbria, England.
Waitby has a castle.
Nateby is a village and civil parish in Eden, Cumbria, England.
In 2001 there were 110 people living in Nateby.
Nateby is a village and civil parish in Wyre, Lancashire, England.
In 2001 there were 475 people living in Nateby.
Hawes is a village and civil parish in Richmondshire, North Yorkshire, England.
In 2001 there were 1,115 people living in Hawes.
Catterick is a village and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England in the United Kingdom.
In 2001 there were 2,743 people living in Catterick.
Staindrop is a village and civil parish in County Durham, England.
In 2001 there were 1,241 people living in Staindrop.
Civil parishes in County Durham
Sedgefield is a town in County Durham, England.
In 2001 there were 4,534 people living in Sedgefield.
Eden is a local government district in Cumbria, England.
It is named after the River Eden which flows north through the district toward Carlisle.
It has an area of , making it the eighth largest district in England and the largest non-unitary district.
It also has the lowest population density of any English district, with a mean of just 24 persons per square kilometre.
The West Coast Main Railway Line runs through the district but with only one station at Penrith.
Services on this line are provided by Virgin Trains.
The Northern Rail Settle-Carlisle Railway also goes through the district and has stations at Armathwaite, Lazonby, Langwathby, Appleby and Kirkby Stephen.
The council is the owner of the Penrith Leisure Centre which is run by a private company under contract.
The council also owns a number of playing fields and recreation grounds throughout the district most notably the sports pitches at Frenchfield on the outskirts of Penrith.
Glusburn is a village and civil parish in Craven, North Yorkshire, England.
In 2001 there were 3,902 people living in Glusburn.
Millom is a town and civil parish in Copeland, Cumbria, England.
In 2001 there were 7,132 people living in Millom.
http://www.visitcumbria.com/wc/millom.htm
Mansriggs is a village and civil parish in South Lakeland, Cumbria, England.
In 2001 there were 42 people living in Mansriggs.
Mansergh is a village and civil parish in South Lakeland, Cumbria, England.
In 2001 there were 141 people living in Mansergh.
Foix (; ) is a commune, the former capital of the County of Foix.
Today it is the préfecture of the Ariège department in southwestern France in the Occitanie region.
It is to south of Toulouse, close to the border with Spain and Andorra.
The city is only the second city of the department after Pamiers.
Of all French préfectures, Foix is the one with fewest people living in it.
The Romans built a fort on the rocky hill where the Château de Foix castle now overlooks the town.
The town of Foix probably owes its origin to an oratory founded by Charlemagne, which afterwards became the Abbey of Saint Volusianus in 849.
The current area of the department was part of the old County of Foix.
The city of Foix lies in the foothills of the Pyrénées mountains, in southern France.
It is on the confluence of the Ariège and Arget rivers.
Foix is at  to the south of Toulouse.
The commune of Foix is surrounded by the communes Arabaux, Cos, Crampagna, Ferrières-sur-Ariège, Ganac, Montgaillard, Pradières, Saint-Jean-de-Verges, Saint-Pierre-de-Rivière and Vernajoul.
The inhabitants of Foix are known, in French, as Fuxéens (women: Fuxéennes).
Foix has a population of 6,9,721 (2014), and population density of  inhabitants/km2.
Foix forms, with other 5 communes, the urban area of Foix with a population of 14,552 inhabitants (2013) and an area of .
This urban area is the centre of the metropolitan area of Foix, formed by 17 communes with a population of 18,406 inhabitants (2013) and an area of .
Foix is the prefecture of the Ariège department, the capital of the arrondissement of Foix and the administrative centre () of the canton of Foix (with 13,700 inhabitants in 2014).
It is part of the intercommunality Pays Foix-Varilhes ().
Lleida, Spain
Andorra la Vella, Andorra
The main historic building is the Castle of the Counts of Foix or, simply, Castle of Foix; it is on the top of a rocky hill that overlooks the city.
The old town, with narrow streets and houses of traditional architecture.
Saint-Volusien Abbey
The Villote (small town), in the Middle Ages, was a space outside the walls surrounding the city built in 1330.
Site officiel de la ville de Foix
Office de Tourisme du Pays Foix-Varilhes
Foix in Histariège - Histoire et Patrimoine de l'Ariège
Pooley Bridge is a village on the northern end of Ullswater in Cumbria, England.
It has a church called St Paul's Church.
Milburn is a village and civil parish in Eden, Cumbria, England.
In 2001 there were 171 people living in Milburn.
Langwathby is a village and civil parish in Eden, Cumbria, England.
In 2001 there were 748 people living in Langwathby.
Warcop is a village and civil parish in Eden, Cumbria, England.
In 2001 there were 491 people living in Warcop.
Troyes is a commune of France.
It is the capital city of the Aube department in north-central France.
It is on the Seine river about  southeast of Paris.
It was briefly the capital of France in the early 15th century.
Troyes has existed since Roman times.
It was the capital of the Counts of Champagne.
In 1417, the Duke of Burgandy and Isabeau of Bavaria, wife of Charles VI of France, planned to establish the capital of France at Troyes.
This included a court, council, and parliament with comptroller's offices.
878 – Louis the Stammerer is crowned King of France by Pope John VIII
884 – Gwain de Nantouillet is crowned Lord of Troyes by the king of France Charles the Fat
1262 – Pope Urban IV begins construction of church in honor of St Urban.
1285 – Philip the Fair confirms traditional privileges of the city
1420 – Treaty of Troyes
1429 – Joan of Arc and the Dauphin of France enter the city.
1524 – Fire destroyed much of the medieval city
http://www.ville-troyes.fr/premiere.htm
Glassonby is a village and civil parish in Eden, Cumbria, England.
In 2001 there were 314 people living in Glassonby.
Rodez () is a commune in southwestern France in the department of Aveyron, of which it is its prefecture.
It is in the region of Occitanie.
It was the capital of Rouergue, a former French province.
Rodez is also the capital of 3 cantons: Rodez-1, Rodez-2 and Rodez-Onet.
Existing from at least the 5th century BC, Rodez was founded by Celtic people, the Ruteni.
Here they built an oppidum (fortified place) which, after the Roman occupation, was named Segodunum ("Fortified place", "high hill").
The town later was given the name of Civitas Rutenorum ("City of the Ruteni") and then only Ruteni and, finally, Rodez.
After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, the city was taken by the Visigoths and then by the Franks; in 725, the Moors took the city and destroyed the old church.
Later it was occupied by the armies of the Dukes of Aquitaine and of the Counts of Toulouse.
English troops occupied Rodez during the Hundred Years War.
The commune of Rodez is on the western part of the central plateau (Massif Central) of France.
The Aveyron river and the Auterne stream flow through the city.
Rodez is surrounded by the communes Onet-le-Château, Sainte-Radegonde, Le Monastère and Olemps.
The inhabitants of Rodez are known, in French, as Ruthénois (women: Ruthénoises).
With a population of 24,088, Rodez has a population density of  inhabitants/km2.
Rodez forms, together with 5 other communes, the urban area of Rodez with a population of 49,716 inhabitants (2013) and an area of .
This urban area is the centre of the metropolitan area of Rodez, formed by 39 communes with a population of 85,181 inhabitants and an area of .
Rodez is the prefecture of the Aveyron department, the capital of the arrondissement of Rodez and the administrative centre () of three cantons:
Rodez-1, with 11,905 inhabitants (2014).
Rodez-2, with 12,051 inhabitants (2014).
Rodez-Onet, with 14,105 inhabitants (2014).
It is part of the intercommunality Rodez Agglomération ().
Pigüé, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina
Bamberg, Bavaria, Germany
Fderîck, Mauritania
The Rodez Cathedral () is a Roman Catholic cathedral;  is the main religious building of the department.
The Episcopal Palace (), built in the 15th century.
The Saint-Amans Church, built in the 12th century and then completely rebuilt from 1758 to 1761 with materials from the original building.
The Hôtel de la préfecture, built in the first half of the 18th century.
It is now home to the prefecture of the Aveyron department.
Office de Tourisme - Rodez
Rodez Agglomération
Judas is a song by American pop singer Lady Gaga from her second studio album, Born This Way.
it was released as the second single from the album on April 15, 2011.
The song managed to reach the top ten in the US and Canada.
On February 29, 2016, the song was certified double-Platinum by the RIAA for sales and shipments of over 2 million copies in the United States alone.
The music video for the song was controversial, like Gaga's video for "Alejandro", because it contained religious imagery.
Gaga is shown dressed as Mary Magdalene in the video and depicted riding on the back of a motorcycle that an actor portraying Jesus is driving.
The Catholic League condemned the video.
The city of Aurillac is at the foot of the Cantal mountains (Mounts of Cantal), in the Massif Central.
The city is along the Jordanne river, a tributary of the Cère river.
The city of Aurillac is at  to the southeast of Paris and at  to the south of Toulouse.
The commune of Aurillac is surrounded by the communes Crandelles, Naucelles, Saint-Simon, Giou-de-Mamou, Arpajon-sur-Cère, Roannes-Saint-Mary, Sansac-de-Marmiesse and Ytrac.
The average temperature for the year in Aurillac is .
The inhabitants of Aurillac are known, in French, as Aurillacois (women: Aurillacoises).
The city of Aurillac has a population, in 2014, of 26,135; its population density is of  inhabitants/km2.
Aurillac is the prefecture of the Cantal department, the capital of the arrondissement of Aurillac and the administrative centre () of three cantons:
Aurillac-1 : 2 communes with 10,296 inhabitants  (2014)
Aurillac-2 : 1 commune with 9,591 inhabitants (2014)
Aurillac-3 : 1 commune with 10,369 inhabitants (2014)
It is part of the intercommunality Bassin d'Aurillac ().
Bocholt (Germany) since 1972.
Bassetlaw (United Kingdom) since 1980.
Bougouni (Mali) since 1985.
Altea (Spain) since 1992.
Vorona (Romania) since 2000.
Saint-Géraud d'Aurillac Abbey (11th century)
Notre-Dame-aux-Neiges church (1332)
Chateau of Saint-Etienne (9th century)
Aurillac Town Hall (17th century)
Site officiel de la ville de Aurillac
Communauté d'Agglomération du Bassin d'Aurillac - CABA
Office de Tourisme du Pays d'Aurillac - CABA
Communes in Cantal
The following is a list of the 260 communes of the Cantal département in France.
(CAA)     Communauté d'agglomération du Bassin d'Aurillac
(CCC)     Communauté de communes du Cézallier
(CCCA)    Communauté de communes de Caldaguès-Aubrac
(CCACGC)  Communauté de communes de l'agglomération de Cère et Goul en Carladès
(CCCR)    Communauté de communes entre Cère et Rance
(CCHC)    Communauté de communes de la Haute-Châtaigneraie
(CCM)     Communauté de communes de Montsalvy
(CCMT)    Communauté de communes Margeride-Truyère
(CCP)     Communauté de communes de la Planèze
(CCPG)    Communauté de communes du Pays de Gentiane
(CCPMas)  Communauté de communes du Pays de Massiac
(CCPMauc) Communauté de communes du Pays de Mauriac
(CCPMaus) Communauté de communes du Pays de Maurs
(CCPMu)   Communauté de communes du Pays de Murat
(CCPP)    Communauté de communes du Pays de Pierrefort
(CCPS)    Communauté de communes du Pays de Salers
(CCPSF)   Communauté de communes du Pays de Saint-Flour
(CCSA)    Communauté de communes Sumène Artense
Brough is a village and civil parish in Eden, Cumbria, England.
In 2001 there were 680 people living in Brough.
Stoke-by-Clare is a village and civil parish in St Edmundsbury, Suffolk, England.
In 2001 there were 460 people living in Stoke-by-Clare.
Brough Sowerby is a village and civil parish in Eden, Cumbria, England.
In 2001 there were 127 people living in Brough Sowerby.
Kemsing is a village and civil parish in Kent, England.
In 2001 there were 4,014 people living in Kemsing.
Crowland is a village and civil parish in South Holland, Lincolnshire, England.
In 2001 there were 3,607 people living in Crowland.
Vallavanukku Vallavan is a 1965 Tamil mystery thriller starring Asokan, Manimala, Gemini Ganesan and R.S. Manohar in lead roles with Thangavelu and Manorama in supporting roles.
Also Savitri, makes a cameo as herself.
It was directed by R. Sundaram.
Ramesh (Askokan) is an engineer who is hunting for a job and with the help of his friend Babu (Thangavelu) goes to see a wealthy businessman named Laxman for a new project of his.
After a song and a comic encounter with Laxman's daughter Geeta (Manimala), he falls in love with her.
He also achieves very good success in convincing Geeta's father into starting the project.
During a sight visit for the project, his suitcase gets swapped with a similar suitcase of a co-passenger named Mala (Manorama), which is full of money.
For this reason Ramesh is detained in a police lock-up.
Also Mala is revealed to be part of a criminal gang.
When the gang leader, Jumboo, is not able to kill Mala (because he needs a particular diary from her), he instead arranges a dangerous rowdy named Bijua Pakiri (R.S. Manohar)to kill Ramesh within the lock-up.
However, instead of killing Ramesh, Bijua decides to hold Ramesh captive.
Together they escape the lock-up that very night to prove Ramesh's innocence.
Bijua also angers the criminal gang of Mala, when he asks for a greater sum in return for killing Ramesh.
When a mysterious man (Gemini Ganesan) makes phone calls and tried to save Ramesh from captivity, Ramesh escapes by himself out into the city.
The mysterious man also attacks Bijua before running away.
The criminal gang try to kill Bijua but he escapes after a fight.
Geeta meets him and helps him by giving him a hanky and some milk from her flask.
Ramesh being chased by police, Bijua Pakiri and the criminal gang attempts to fake his death.
Geeta believing his death to be real comes to the waterfall where he committed suicide and learns that he is not really dead.
They both go one of the villas owned by Geeta's father, and make a secret stay there.
Bijua confronts them and threatens to kill Ramesh but is tamed by the very pleading words of Geeta.
He instead promises to help Ramesh out of the situation.
Both Bijua and Ramesh don disguises to roam about in public, to search for Mala and with her prove his innocence.
But, they are chased by police and are lead to a comic encounter where they sing a song for a dance by Savitri.
Later, Mala and Babu drive a car together and develop romantic feelings for one another.
When Ramesh and Bijua get to know this, they try to use their relationship to get the truth out of Mala.
But their plan backfires.
After this, the mysterious man (Gemini Ganesan) appears secretly inside Ramesh's car promising to help him.
He accepts that he is a police officer when asked, and says he knows that Ramesh is innocent.
But leaves when Bijua and Babu enter the car.
Men from the criminal gang disguise as policemen and "arrest" Ramesh whom they intend to murder at a safe spot.
However, with the help of his friends Ramesh escapes.
Later, the same mysterious man appears once again, and meets Ramesh once again to tell him that he knows Mala well and also Bijua is planning to give off Ramesh to the criminal gang, for money.
Ramesh, believes him and starts to avoid Bijua, telling him that he now knows his true colours.
When Mala is forced by Jumboo, the gangleader, to fly abroad, she is confronted by the still mysterious man who forces her to give him the diary, failing which she would end up in jail.
But she is shot by a shadowy figure, who is then chased by the mysterious man.
But, Bijua gets hold of the diary after coming there.
Ramesh learns of the death of Mala and becomes sad.
Jumboo arrives there and Bijua confronts him, now asking for twice the earlier amount for the diary and the life of Ramesh.
Bijua takes Ramesh with him to prove his innocence, after pleading with Ramesh and Geeta for a long time.
They arrive at a cave on a hill.
There Bijua tries to sell Ramesh and the Diary for the agreed sum, apparently betraying Ramesh.
The mysterious man arrives at the scene to whom Ramesh explains the situation.
When the mysterious man tries to act his police disguise there, Bijua reveals he is Mr.Prakash, the true leader of the crime gang and he himself is Inspector Sekar of Vigilance Branch.
With this information both Prakash and Ramesh are startled.
After some talk an elaborate fight and chase scene, Mr.Prakash drives a boat that crashes into a rock fatally killing him.
Ramesh is proven innocent through the information in the diary.
Bijua (now Inspector Sekar) attends the marriage of Ramesh and Geeta in full inspector uniform.
The film ends with Babu receiving a prize sum from Police Department for his help in the case.
http://www.jointscene.com/movies/Kollywood/Vallavanukku_Vallavan/4972
1965 thriller movies
For this reason, they persist in the environment for a long time.
They can be transported over long distances and bioaccumulate in human and animal tissue.
When going up a food chain, there will be larger amounts of these substances.
For this reason, they have a large impact on human health and the environment.
Many POPs are currently or were in the past used as pesticides.
Others are used in industrial processes and in the production goods such as solvents, polyvinyl chloride, and pharmaceuticals.
There are a few natural sources of POPs; most POPs are created by humans in industrial processes, either intentionally or as byproducts.
The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants is an international treaty signed in 2001.
The treaty became effective in May 2004.
Its aim is to limit the use and production of Persistent Organic Pollutants.
Examples of substances affected by the treaty are Polychlorinated biphenyl and Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane.
An extension to the treaty in 2009 added other substances, like Lindane.
Critics have said that the treaty limits the effectiveness of the fight against diseases such as malaria.
This is not the case, as the use of certain substances for vector control is permitted; this includes the use against mosquitoes.
Chemicals listed
, also known as  or TEPCO, is a Japanese company that sells electrical power in Japan's Kantō region, Yamanashi Prefecture, and the eastern part of Shizuoka Prefecture.
This area includes Tokyo.
Its headquarters are in Uchisaiwaicho, Chiyoda, Tokyo.
It has international offices in Washington, D.C., and London.
After the March 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami, its power plant at Fukushima Daiichi became a continuing nuclear disaster.
The  Fukushima disaster forced 50,000 households to leave the evacuation zone because of radiation leaks into the air, soil and sea.
Electric power companies
1951 establishments in Asia
Dark Circle is a documentary movie about anti-nuclear protest activity.
The protest is mainly focused on Diablo Canyon (Nuclear) Power Plant in California.
The point of view is clearly in favor of the protesters.
They believe that the protests delayed government licensing of the Diablo Canyon (Nuclear) Power Plant.
They believe that as a result of this delay,construction errors were made public before the plant started operating.
The director is Judy Irving.
The movie is a 1982 release.
It is said to be "still powerful" long after its initial release.
Protest leader Raye Fleming takes central role.
She leaflets power plant workers going to work and later leads protesters.
Two thousand people were arrested at the demonstrations.
This established a record for anti-nuclear civil disobedience in the US.
1:30  Geese fly by Diablo Canyon Nuclear Power Plant.
Female voice over speculates on radiologic hazards affecting animals.
5:55  Federal Nuclear Regulatory Commission Hearings, agenda limited to site specific matters.
10:25 In the end there was no time for rallies or marches.
Back at Diablo Canyon's Main Gate, the human blockade began.
15:00 Analogy to frogs by Ray. "
Boiling Frogs".
Scuttled by PBS
The movie was approved for national broadcast in 1985, but that decision was rejected a year later.
Many people believe that was censorship.
B.J.Bullert commented that the PBS/KQED decision "robbed a national public television audience" .
He extrapolates this critical remark to the media across the board and its failure to focus public attention on the putative biological hazard of nuclear power.
B.J. Bullert,  in his book Public Television: Politics and the Battle over Documentary Film protested what he viewed as censorship.
He stated that Dark Circle was outside of the mainstream at that time but now the viewpoint in the movie is widely accepted.
Nat Katzman, former KQED station manager, disagreed.
He is quoted in Bullert's book, saying  "It's more difficult to say ("Dark Circle") falsified anything, but it left one with the uncomfortable feeling that this is propaganda, not journalism".
The movie is clearly created to raise public alarm about the hazards of nuclear power.
It is also about problems at the regulatory agency, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC).
However, there are numerous points in the movie in which the voices heard are those of the workers.
We also hear from the Pacific Gas and Electric management, and the lawyer for the NRC.
The following is a list of the 472 communes of the Charente-Maritime département in France.
(CALR) Communauté d'agglomération de La Rochelle, created in 2000.
(CARF) Communauté d'agglomération du Pays Rochefortais, created in 2000.
(CAR) Communauté d'agglomération du Pays Royannais, created in 2002.
Communauté de communes de l'Ile-de-Ré
Communauté de communes Plaine d'Aunis
Communauté de communes de Surgères
Communauté de communes du canton de Loulay
Communauté de communes du canton d'Aulnay-de-Saintonge
Communauté de communes du canton de Saint-Jean-d'Angély
Communauté de communes du Sud-Charente
Communauté de communes Charente-Arnoult-Coeur de Saintonge
Communauté de communes du Pays Savinois
Communauté de communes du canton de Saint-Hilaire-de-Villefranche
Communauté de communes du Pays de Matha
Communauté de communes Vignobles et Vals boisés du Pays Buriaud
Communauté de communes de la région de Pons
Communauté de communes de la Haute-Saintonge
Communauté de communes de l'Île-d'Oléron
Communauté de communes des bassins Seudre-et-Arnoult
Communauté de communes du canton de Gémozac et de la Saintonge Viticole
Communauté de communes du Bassin de Marennes
Communauté de communes du Pays Marandais
Communauté de communes du Pays Santon
Communauté de communes du Val de Trézence, de la Boutonne à la Devise
Communauté de communes du canton de Courçon
Bourges is a commune.
It is the prefecture of the Cher department.
Augsburg, Germany
Forlì, Italy
Koszalin, Poland
Palencia, Spain
Peterborough, United Kingdom
Yoshkar-Ola, Russia
Communes in Cher
The following is a list of the 290 communes of the Cher département in France.
(CAB) Communauté d'agglomération de Bourges, created in 2003.
Tulle () is a French commune, the prefecture of the Corrèze department in central France.
It is in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region.
It is also the capital of the arrondissement of Tulle.
Tulle is in the valley of the Corrèze river at the confluence of this river with several tributaries: the Solane and the Céronne on the right side, and Saint-Bonnette and Montane on the left side.
The city is in narrow part of the valley along several Kilometres.
The commune of Tulle has an area of , and its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is .
The commune of Tulle is surrounded by the communes:
Three rivers flow through the communeː the river Diège (the town sometimes is called Ussel-sur-Diège), the river Sarsonne and the stream Étang Roux.
The inhabitants of this city are known, in French, as Tullistes.
With a population of 14,325, Tulle has a population density of  inhabitants/km2.
Tulle forms, together with other 7 communes, the urban area of Tulle with a population of 21,108 inhabitants (2013) and an area of .
This urban area is the centre of the metropolitan area of Tulle, formed by 25 communes, with a population of 30,970 inhabitants (2013) and an area of .
Tulle is the prefecture of the Corrèze department, the capital of the arrondissement of Tulle and the administrative centre () of the canton of Tulle.
It is part of the intercommunality Tulle Agglo ().
Schorndorf, Germany
Errenteria, Spain
Bury, England, United Kingdom
Lousada, Portugal
Smolensk, Russia
Dueville, Italy
Tulle massacre
Mairie de Tulle website
Office de Tourisme Intercommunal Tulle et Cœur de Corrèze
Communes in Corrèze
English grammar is the grammar of the English language.
Grammar is the rules about how to speak and write in a language.
Dialect grammar
Dialects of English vary not only in pronunciation but in grammar.
For example, people who use what is called General American English or BBC English might say, I didn't do anything, while someone who speaks what is called African American Vernacular English might say, I didn't do nothing.
When people talk about using "proper English", they usually mean using the grammar of general British English, as described in standard reference works.
Word endings
English makes few changes to its word endings.
These are called ('suffixes'): plurals and possessives (John's) are the most common.
English verbs drop most endings except one: I love, you love, they love, but she loves.
That final 's' is a remnant of Anglo-Saxon, which had more suffixes.
In English, adjectives usually come before the noun.
Most Romance languages normally put their adjectives after the nouns.
For example, in English, a person may say I like fast cars, but in Spanish, it is Me gustan los coches rápidos [coches = cars; rápidos = fast].
In German, main verbs often come near the end of sentences, but in English we usually put them between subject and object, as: the cat sat on the mat.
Grammar studies the different parts of language.
The parts of language are called "parts of speech."
The parts of speech are nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections.
A noun is a word that names something, such as a person, place, thing, or idea.
They can be a single thing such as an apple.
They can also be plural such as a box of apples.
There is a special kind of noun called a proper noun, which is a name.
For instance, Johnny Appleseed.
Pronouns are words that take the place of nouns.
We often use them to avoid repeating the nouns that they refer to.
An example is the word "it."
In the sentence "I like the ball; it is blue," you have to look at what comes before "it" to know that "it" is talking about the ball.