the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
The champion was Jacques Villeneuve in a close battle.
Williams won the constructor's championship.
1997 in sports
The 1996 Formula One season was the 47th edition of the championship.
The champion was Damon Hill in a close battle.
The 1995 Formula One season was the 46th edition of the championship.
Benneton won the constructor's championship.
1995 in sports
The 1994 Formula One season was the 45th edition of the championship.
The 1993 Formula One season was the 44th edition of the championship.
The champion was Alain Prost in a close battle.
1993 in sports
The 1992 Formula One season was the 43rd edition of the championship.
The champion was Nigel Mansell in a close battle.
Williams won the constructors championship.
The 1991 Formula One season was the 42nd edition of the championship.
The champion was Ayrton Senna.
McLaren won the constructors championship.
1991 in sports
The 1990 Formula One season was the 41st season of FIA Formula One motor racing.
The season started on 11 March and ended on 4 November after sixteen races.
Ayrton Senna was World Champion Driver for the second time, and McLaren won the Constructors' Championship.
Gerhard Berger moved from Ferrari to McLaren.
Alain Prost moved from McLaren to Ferrari.
Satoru Nakajima moved from Lotus to Tyrrell.
Michele Alboreto moved from Tyrrell to Arrows.
Triple world champion Nelson Piquet moved from Lotus to Benetton.
Aguri Suzuki moved from Zakspeed to Lola.
Martin Brundle left Formula One for 1990, and moved sports cars.
Eddie Cheever left Formula One for good and moved CART.
Departing teams
Zakspeed withdrew from Formula One and returned to sports car racing
Rial folded after two unsuccessful seasons in F1.
Life powered by their own unconventional engine design, with Gary Brabham (son of Jack Brabham) and Bruno Giacomelli as drivers.
Qualifying
At the start of the season, six teams needed to pre-qualify: Lola, AGS, EuroBrun,  Osella, Coloni and Life.
Race One: USA
The first race of the year was held in Phoenix, USA.
Unexpected rain in qualifying led to a grid with Gerhard Berger on pole position with Pierluigi Martini second in the Minardi, Andrea de Cesaris third in the Dallara, Jean Alesi fourth in the Tyrrell, Ayrton Senna down in fifth and Nelson Piquet sixth.
Alesi took the lead at the start ahead of Berger, de Cesaris, Senna, Martini and Piquet.
Alesi pulled away and Berger was dropping back.
Senna passed de Cesaris and Berger hit a wall on lap 9, forcing him to pit.
He charged back but retired with clutch problems.
Alesi was 8.2 seconds ahead but Senna started to reel him in.
Senna attacked on lap 34 but Alesi defended and kept the lead.
Senna did the job properly one lap later and pulled away to win.
Behind, Thierry Boutsen passed Piquet to take third with Stefano Modena's Brabham and Satoru Nakajima's Tyrrell getting the final points.
Race Two: Brazil
In qualifying in Brazil, Senna and Berger were 1-2 with Boutsen and Patrese 3-4 and the Ferraris of Nigel Mansell and Alain Prost behind them.
At the start, Senna led Berger, Boutsen, Prost, Patrese and Mansell.
Boutsen passed Berger early on but could not keep up with Senna.
At the stops, Boutsen ran into a tyre and had to change his nose cone, dropping back to 11th and some good work from the Ferrari crew got Prost ahead of Berger and Mansell ahead of Patrese.
Senna was ahead of Prost, Berger, Mansell, Patrese and Alesi.
Senna, 10 seconds ahead hit backmarker Nakajima, forcing him to pit and drop back to third.
With just a few laps to go, Patrese retired with a broken oil cooler.
Prost duly won from Berger, Senna, Mansell, the recovering Boutsen and Piquet.
Race Three: San Marino
An almost identical grid to Brazil saw Senna, Berger, Patrese, Boutsen, Mansell and Prost line up after qualifying.
At the start, Senna and Berger got away well but Boutsen sliced ahead of Patrese to take third with Mansell and Prost behind.
Boutsen passed Berger on lap 2.
On the next lap, a stone sliced through Senna's wheelrim, spinning him into a sandtrap and out of the race.
Boutsen pulled away from Berger but his engine blew on lap 18.
Soon Mansell passed Patrese and then attacked Berger.
Berger closed the door and Mansell spun without hitting anything nor losing a place.
He set off after Berger again but retired with engine problems.
At the second stops, Nannini got ahead of Prost.
Patrese closed in on Berger and passed him on lap 51.
Patrese pulled away and won from Berger, Nannini, Prost, Piquet and Alesi.
Race Four: Monaco
In Monaco, Senna took pole but Prost was second with Alesi third ahead of Patrese, Berger and Boutsen.
The second was all right and Senna led from Prost, Alesi, Berger, Patrese and Boutsen.
The race settled down and nothing changed until lap 30 when Prost retired with a battery failure.
Then Mansell hit the back of Boutsen and was forced to pit and changed his front wing.
Patrese's distributor failed on lap 42.
Behind, Mansell was charging through the field and passed Boutsen to take fourth.
But then he was sidelined with the same problem as Prost.
At the front, Senna won from Alesi, Berger, Boutsen, Alex Caffi in the Arrows and Éric Bernard's Larrousse.
Race Five: Canada
Canada was next and the McLarens were 1-2 in qualifying with Senna ahead of Berger with Prost third, Nannini fourth, Piquet fifth and Boutsen sixth.
The track was damp on race day and Berger jumped the start and then hesitated.
He got a 1-minute time penalty as well as allowing Senna to lead on the road.
Senna led Nannini, Alesi, Prost, Boutsen and Piquet.
The track began to dry and everyone pitted.
But when Nannini rejoined, he hit a groundhog and had to pit again for repairs.
He spun off on lap 22.
Berger took the lead on the road but he needed a minute to stay ahead at the end.
He charged and was a second quicker than the others as Boutsen spun off while battling Prost.
Senna now led from Prost, Piquet, Mansell, Patrese and Derek Warwick.
Piquet after many laps finally passed Prost who was then attacked by Mansell.
Patrese retired putting Berger to fifth (he got ahead of Warwick before).
Mansell passed Prost and slowly pulled away.
With two laps to go, Berger got past Prost on aggregate but could not get ahead of Mansell.
Senna won from Piquet, Mansell, Berger, Prost and Warwick.
Race Six: Mexico
After Canada came Mexico and Berger qualified on pole position with Patrese beside him and Senna third, Mansell fourth, Boutsen fifth and Alesi sixth.
At the start, Patrese and Berger jumped Senna while Piquet got ahead of Boutsen and Mansell.
Early on, Senna passed Patrese and Berger followed him through.
Patrese was dropping back and Piquet got by him as well.
Boutsen was the next to go through but at the same time Berger had a problem with his tyre and was forced to stop and dropped back to 12th.
Senna lead from Piquet, Boutsen, Patrese, Mansell and Prost.
Soon, Mansell passed Patrese and got Boutsen four laps later as Prost did the same to Patrese.
Prost sneaked ahead of Boutsen as Mansell closed in on Piquet.
Mansell got ahead on lap 36 and Prost followed him through six laps later.
Piquet soon stopped and dropped behind Nannini, Boutsen (who already stopped) and Berger.
Berger passed Boutsen on lap 47 and Nannini four laps later.
Prost passed Mansell on lap 55 and they began to close in on Senna.
Prost, passed Senna followed by Mansell.
Then Mansell spun but at the same time Senna got a puncture that let to him retiring in the pits 4 laps before the end and allowing Berger to get third and close in to Mansell.
With a daring move Berger passed Mansell but Mansell charged back and attacked taking back second place.
Prost won with Mansell second making it a Ferrari 1-2 ahead of Berger, Nannini, Boutsen and Piquet.
Race Seven: France
France was next, the fans were wearing red and a Ferrari did take pole.
However, it was not their hero Prost but Mansell who was ahead of Berger, Senna, Prost, Nannini and Patrese.
At the start, Berger got past Mansell while Prost lost out as well.
Berger led with Mansell, Senna, Nannini, Patrese and Prost behind.
On lap 2, Senna passed Mansell for second and the order stayed like that until Senna passed Berger whose tyres were destroyed.
Nannini and Piquet pitted early while Berger and Senna went too late.
Mansell and Prost's tyres lasted longer and thus they pitted late.
Riccardo Patrese went too late and was the big loser.
This left the two Leyton Houses (they planned the race without a stop) ahead with a totally shuffled order behind them.
Ivan Capelli led Maurício Gugelmin, Prost, Nannini, Mansell and Senna.
Prost then caught and passed Gugelmin who then went out with engine trouble.
As Prost closed in on Capelli, Mansell sneaked past Nannini and started to close in on Capelli and Prost.
Capelli defended from Prost on each an every attempt as Mansell went out with engine trouble.
Nannini took third but he then had electrical trouble and was forced to retire while Prost passed Capelli with three laps to go.
Prost won ahead of Capelli, Senna, Piquet, Berger and Patrese.
Race Eight: Great Britain
Britain was next and Mansell, roared on by his home fans, took pole with Senna second, Berger third, Boutsen fourth, Prost fifth and Alesi sixth.
At the start Senna outdragged Mansell while Alesi also got bogged back.
Senna led from Mansell, Berger, Boutsen, Prost and Patrese.
But Mansell then passed Senna on lap 2 and Senna spun on the next lap, dropping down to fifth.
Soon Prost passed Boutsen for third as Mansell began to have troubles with his gearbox.
Berger passed him to lead but then Mansell's car seemed to improve again.
He repassed Berger but Prost was right behind them by now.
Soon Prost sneaked by Berger and chased off after Mansell who had gearbox issues again.
Prost got ahead of Mansell on lap 44  and pulled away.
However, Berger was unable to catch Mansell as he in turn had handling issues.
Behind them Piquet, who had tyre trouble (he did not stop) spun, giving fifth to Senna.
Mansell then suddenly slowed down on lap 55 as his gearbox troubles became serious, ending hopes of a Ferrari 1-2.
Berger took second but he went out with throttle failure five laps later.
In between, Bernard had passed Piquet as well.
Prost won again from Boutsen, Senna, Bernard, Piquet and Aguri Suzuki.
Thus, at the halfway stage, Prost led with 41 points with Senna second with 39, Berger third with 25, Piquet fourth with 18, Boutsen fifth with 17, Alesi and Mansell sharing sixth with 13 with Patrese eighth with 10.
In the constructors, McLaren with 64 points led Ferrari who were second with 54, Williams who were third with 27 and Benetton who were fourth with 25.
Race Nine: Germany
At the start of second half of the season, there was minor shake-up in pre-qualifying.
Lola escaped due to their points, while two Ligiers needed pre-qualifying.
McLaren's were 1-2 in qualifying, Senna ahead of Berger.
Ferrari were 3-4 with Prost ahead of Mansell and Williams were 5-6 to complete the "Noah's Ark" (two-by-two) formation, Patrese ahead of Boutsen.
At the start, Berger took off better than Senna but Senna just stayed ahead with Berger second, Prost third, Mansell fourth with Patrese fifth and Piquet sixth.
There were no changes until lap 11 when Piquet tried to pass Patrese and went through an escape road, allowing Nannini to get ahead.
Three laps later Mansell went through the grass at Ostkurve without losing a place but damaging his car.
It proved crucial as he retired two laps later, the damage being too much.
Meanwhile, Nannini passed Patrese as the top three stopped for tyres, the Williamses and Benettons planning to go without a stop.
Piquet retired with engine trouble.
Thus, Nannini led Senna, Patrese, Piquet, Berger and Prost.
Patrese's tyres were too badly damaged and he was forced to pit.
Prost then passed Boutsen for fourth with Patrese following him two laps later.
On lap 34, Senna passed Nannini for the lead and pulled away.
Senna won from Nannini, Berger, Prost, Patrese and Boutsen.
Race Ten: Hungary
Hungary was next and the Williamses qualified ahead of the McLarens, Boutsen taking pole ahead of Patrese, Berger, Senna, Mansell and Alesi.
At the start, Boutsen kept the lead but it was Berger went away best and passed Patrese while Senna was worst and lost out to both Mansell and Alesi.
Thus, it was Boutsen, Berger, Patrese, Mansell, Alesi and Senna.
It stayed like that on lap 21 when Senna passed Alesi for fifth but he was forced to pit on the next lap with a slow puncture.
Nannini soon passed Alesi to take fifth.
The leaders stopped and Berger was the big loser with Nannini and Senna the big gainers, rising directly behind the Williams men.
The order was: Boutsen, Patrese, Nannini, Senna, Mansell and Berger.
Boutsen then pulled away while Patrese held up the others until Nannini streamed by with Senna following him.
Patrese then pitted and dropped behind Piquet as Berger passed Mansell only for Mansell to get back at him.
Senna tried to pass Nannini on lap 64 and tipped Nannini into a spin and retirement.
Berger tried to do the same thing on Mansell on lap 72 at the same corner with the same result - a collision but with both cars out.
Boutsen won ahead of Senna, Piquet, Patrese, Warwick and Bernard.
Race Eleven: Belgium
Monteverdi team had pulled out of F1, meaning that two Ligiers escaped from pre-qualifying again.
In Belgium, McLaren were 1-2 with Senna on pole ahead of Berger, Prost, Boutsen, Mansell and Patrese.
At the first start, Piquet pushed Mansell off the road and soon Nakajima and Modena collided as well, resulting in start No.2.
Once again, Senna took the lead while Boutsen sliced into second and Prost dropped back to fifth.
However, Paolo Barilla smashed into a wall in his Minardi, blocking the track as well as bringing out the red flags.
Start No.3 was clean and Senna took the lead ahead of Berger, Prost, Boutsen, Patrese and Nannini.
On lap 11, Mansell was into the pits with handling problems.
He went out but retired eight laps later as the problems became serious.
On lap 14, Prost sliced ahead of Berger who then pitted for tyres.
Senna and Prost, separated by 2 seconds stopped at the same time but then Nannini who was planning to go without stopping came in between them.
Then both Patrese and Boutsen went out with gearbox troubles.
Prost passed Nannini and Berger tried the same but this time Nannini came back at him to keep the place.
On lap 41, Nannini went wide and Berger sailed through to take third.
Senna duly won from Prost, Berger, Nannini, Piquet and Gugelmin.
With five more races to go, Senna now had 63 points, 13 points ahead of Prost with 50.
Berger was third with 33, Boutsen fourth with 27, Piquet fifth with 24, Nannini sixth with 16, Patrese seventh with 15 with Alesi eighth with 13.
In the constructors, McLaren led with 96 with Ferrari second with 63, Williams third with 42 and Benetton fourth with 40.
Race Twelve: Italy
After Belgium came Italy and Senna took pole again with Prost second, Berger third, Mansell fourth, Alesi fifth and Boutsen sixth.
At the start, Berger raced past Prost while Alesi jumped by both the Ferraris.
In the restart, Berger got past Prost and Alesi got by Mansell immediately.
Alesi then passed Prost into the second corner and so we had Senna leading Berger, Alesi, Prost, Mansell and Boutsen.
On lap 5, Alesi spun off and retired.
Nothing changed until lap 18 when Boutsen retired with a suspension failure and Berger's tyres began to fade.
Prost then passed Berger and the stops did not change anything.
The top three then began to battle for the lead but none was able to close in on the other while Mansell continued to drop back, fighting a faulty throttle return spring.
Senna won from Prost, Berger, Mansell, Patrese and Nakajima.
Race Thirteen: Portugal
Portugal was next and the Ferraris took 1-2 in qualifying with Mansell ahead of Prost, Senna, Berger, Patrese and Piquet.
At the start, Mansell's snaky start almost took Prost out and the McLarens blasted by them with Piquet getting by Prost as well.
The order was: Senna, Berger, Mansell, Piquet, Prost and Boutsen.
On lap 13, Prost took Piquet for fourth and later Mansell went to the grass, allowing Prost to take third.
Mansell and Berger pitted soon as Prost passed Senna at the same time to lead.
These two soon pitted as well with a shuffled order: Senna, Mansell, Berger, Prost, Nannini and Piquet.
The Ferraris started to close in on the McLarens in front of them by now.
Behind them, Piquet passed Nannini to take fifth.
On lap 50, Mansell was close to Senna and passed him to lead.
He pulled away fast but then hit Phillipe Alliot while lapping him, pushing the Ligier into a wall while Mansell got away with no damage.
Prost then passed Berger on lap 59.
Two laps later, Suzuki and Caffi collided and with the latter stuck in the cockpit on a zone with the wall next to the track, the race was stopped.
Thus Mansell won from Senna, Prost, Berger, Piquet and Nannini.
Race Fourteen: Spain
Now in Spain and Senna took his 50th career pole position ahead of Prost, Mansell, Alesi, Berger and Patrese.
At the start, Senna took off into the lead but behind them Patrese hit Alesi, spinning him into the gravel trap and into retirement.
Lap 1 and Senna led Prost, Mansell, Berger, Boutsen and Patrese.
Berger was holding up a train of four cras behind him, none of them able to pass on the twisty Jerez circuit.
At the stops, Mansell got ahead of Prost but waved Prost through to help his championship hopes just as Senna was coming out of the pits.
He split the two Ferraris.
The order was Piquet (he and Nannini were planning to go without stopping), Prost, Senna, Mansell, Nannini and Boutsen.
Prost started to attack Piquet who gave in to the pressure and went wide, dropping down to fourth.
Then, Mansell attacked and passed Senna to make it a 1-2 for Ferrari as Piquet retired with battery problems.
Senna pitted for tyres but retired when his radiator failed soon after.
Three laps later, Berger attacked Boutsen for fourth and two collided, Berger spinning out.
Prost won with Mansell making it a Ferrari 1-2 ahead of Nannini, Boutsen, Patrese and Suzuki.
With two races to go, Senna had 78 points to Prost's 69 and with both having 11 results in the points, it was clear that they would have to drop points.
However, Senna would have had to drop two third places unlike Prost who would only have to drop a fourth and a fifth (if they both finish in the top 3).
Berger was third with 40, Mansell was fourth with 31, Boutsen was fifth with 30, Piquet was sixth with 26, Nannini seventh with 21 and Patrese eighth with 19.
In the constructors, McLaren led with 118 points with Ferrari second with 100.
Williams was third with 49 and Benetton was fourth with 47.
Race Fifteen: Japan
Before the Japanese Grand Prix, Nannini was involved in a helicopter crash and sustained career-ending injuries (though he would later return to touring car racing).
He was replaced by Roberto Moreno for the rest of the season.
Moreno had been free since EuroBrun had withdrawn from Formula One, along with Life.
As a result, pre-qualifying was not needed.
In qualifying, Senna took pole ahead of Prost, Mansell, Berger, Boutsen and Piquet.
However, Senna was unhappy at the side the pole was on as the pole was on the dirty side of the track and thus the second place being on the racing line which should give the second-placed driver the advantage into the first corner.
He went to FISA president Jean Marie Balestre to change the side where the pole was, but was refused.
After this, he decided that he would go for any gap into the first corner if Prost had the advantage.
At the start, Prost did have the advantage and Senna went for the gap.
Prost did not know it and closed the door.
Senna's left front touched Prost's rear wing, spinning both of them into the gravel trap.
The world championship was sealed.
Although Senna led by 9 points and there were 9 points for a win, if Prost won the last race he would have had to drop his fifth place in Canada which meant that he would be two points behind Senna even if Senna retired.
Senna was the new world champion.
Back to the race now and Berger was leading Mansell, Piquet, Moreno, Boutsen and Patrese.
At the start of the second lap, Berger spun off into retirement after hitting debris from the Senna-Prost collision.
This left Mansell who was under pressure by the Benettons leading.
Mansell then began to pull away from Piquet and Moreno as Suzuki passed Warwick for sixth.
Mansell pitted with a 15-second lead on lap 27 for tyres but his driveshaft snapped as he went out of his garage.
He retired giving the Constructors title to McLaren as they were 18 points ahead and a 1-2 can get only 15 points.
The Benettons and Suzuki did not stop but Patrese and Boutsen did with Patrese getting ahead at the stops but both rejoined behind Suzuki.
Then Nakajima passed Warwick to take sixth as Warwick then retired with gearbox trouble.
Piquet won with Moreno making it a Benetton 1-2.
Suzuki was third, Patrese fourth, Boutsen fifth and Nakajima sixth.
Race Sixteen: Australia
The last race of the year was in Australia and the McLarens took 1-2 in qualifying ahead of the Ferraris, Senna ahead of Berger, Mansell, Prost, Alesi and Patrese.
At the start, Senna took off into the lead with Berger defending from the Ferraris and Piquet getting by Alesi and Patrese.
The order was: Senna, Berger, Mansell, Prost, Piquet and Alesi.
On lap 2, Berger missed a gear selection allowing Mansell to get ahead.
While defending from Prost, he held up Prost allowing Piquet to get ahead of him.
Piquet soon passed Berger for third and the order settled down.
Senna and Mansell continued to pull away from the rest, none of them able to keep up.
Soon Patrese got past Alesi with Boutsen following suit.
Then, on lap 43, Mansell went up an escape road, giving Senna a good lead.
Mansell was caught and passed by Piquet and pitted for tyres soon after.
At the stops, Boutsen got ahead of Patrese.
Berger then ran wide entering the Brabham straight, allowing Prost to take third.
Mansell passed Berger on lap 57 and soon passed Prost on his new tyres.
Senna had a gearbox glitch on lap 62 and went straight on into the wall and retired.
Mansell closed in on Piquet, breaking the lap record 3 times towards the finish, taking 2 seconds a lap out of his lead.
Piquet made an error with 4 laps to go, allowing Mansell to close right up.
Mansell attacked on the last lap with a desperate passing attempt at the end of the straight, was too far behind to make the pass.
Thus, Piquet won from Mansell, Prost, Berger, Boutsen and Patrese.
At the end of the season, Senna was world champion with 78 points with Prost second with 71 (he got 73 but had to drop 2 points), Piquet third with 43 (he got 44 but had to drop 1 point), Berger fourth with 43 (he was behind Piquet because Piquet had more wins), Mansell fifth with 37, Boutsen sixth with 34, Patrese seventh with 23 and Nannini eighth with 21.
In the constructors, McLaren were champions with 121 points with Ferrari second with 110, Benetton third with 71 and Williams fourth with 55.
Race schedule
1990 Drivers Championship final standings
Points towards the 1990 FIA Formula One World Championship for Drivers were awarded on a 9-6-4-3-2-1 basis for the first six places at each round.
Only the best eleven round results were retained, any other points being discarded.
1990 Constructors Championship final standings
Points towards the 1990 FIA Formula One World Championship for Constructors were awarded on a 9-6-4-3-2-1 basis for the first six places at each round.
All results were counted (not just best eleven rounds).
F1 Facts - 1990 - including race by race image galleries
The Cahier Archive - 1990 - image gallery
1990 in sports
The 1950 Formula One season was the first edition of the championship.
The champion was Giussepe Farina in a close battle.
The Indianapolis 500 was AAA-sanctioned and not run to Formula One regulations.
It also counted towards the 1950 AAA Championship Car season.
1950 Drivers Championship final standings
Italics indicate fastest lap (1 point awarded)
Bold indicates pole position
† Position shared between more drivers of the same car
Non-Championship race results
1950 in sports
The 1951 Formula One season was the second edition of the championship.
The champion was Juan Manuel Fangio in a close battle.
1951 Drivers Championship final standings
* Fastest lap (1 point awarded)
Only the best 4 results counted towards the Championship.
Numbers without parentheses are Championship points; numbers in parentheses are total points scored.
1951 in sports
The 1952 Formula One season was the third of the championship.
The champion was Alberto Ascari in a close battle.
World Championship season review
1952 Drivers Championship final standings
** Multiple drivers set equal fastest lap times, thus sharing the 1 point.
The 1953 Formula One season was the 4th of the championship.
1953 Drivers Championship final standings
‡ Several cars were shared in this race.
See the race page for details.
1950s in sports
The 1954 Formula One season was the 5th edition of the championship.
1954 Drivers Championship final standings
Only the best 5 results counted towards the Championship.
1954 in sports
The 1955 Formula One season was the 6th of the championship.
1955 Drivers Championship final standings
1955 in sports
The 1956 Formula One season was the 7th of the championship.
1956 Drivers Championship final standings
The 1957 Formula One season was the 8th of the championship.
1957 Drivers Championship final standings
The 1958 Formula One season was the 9th of the championship.
The champion was Mike Hawthorn in a close battle.
1958 Drivers Championship final standings
1958 in sports
The 1959 Formula One season was the 9th of the championship.
The champion was Jack Brabham in a close battle.
1959 Drivers Championship final standings
1959 in sports
The 1960 Formula One season was the 10th of the championship.
1960 Drivers Championship final standings
1961 Drivers Championship final standings
1962 Drivers Championship final standings
1962 in sports
1963 Drivers Championship final standings
1963 in sports
1964 Drivers Championship final standings
Only best 6 results counted toward the championship.
Hill scored 41 points during the year, but only 39 points were counted toward the championship.
Surtees scored 40 points, all of which counted toward the championship.
Thus, Surtees became the World Champion, although he did not score most points over the course of the year.
1965 Constructors Championship final standings
1965 Drivers Championship final standings
1965 in sports
1966 Drivers Championship final standings
1966 in sports
1967 Constructors Championship final standings
1967 Drivers Championship final standings
1967 in sports
1968 Drivers Championship final standings
1969 Drivers Championship final standings
1969 in sports
1970 Drivers Championship final standings
1970 in sports
1971 Drivers Championship final standings
1971 in sports
1973 Drivers Championship final standings
1973 in sports
1974 Drivers Championship final standings
1974 in sports
1975 Drivers Championship final standings
1975 in sports
1976 Drivers Championship final standings
1976 in sports
1977 Drivers Championship final standings
1977 in sports
1978 Drivers Championship final standings
1978 in sports
1979 Drivers Championship final standings
1979 in sports
The 1980 Formula One season was the 31st of the championship.
The champion was Alan Jones.
1980 in sports
The 1981 Formula One season was the 32nd of the championship.
The champion was Nelson Piquet in a close battle.
1981 Drivers Championship final standings
1981 in sports
The 1982 Formula One season was the 33rd championship.
The champion was Keke Rosberg in a close battle.
The early races of the season were disrupted by politics.
At the first race of the season, the South African Grand Prix, Niki Lauda led a drivers' strike against the "superlicences", newly required for participation in the championship, which included clauses that Lauda believed would unfairly tie drivers to their teams.
Most of the drivers locked themselves in a conference room overnight before agreement was reached that the relevant clauses could be re-visited and the race was reinstated.
The six factory turbocharged cars, including the Brabham-BMWs on this occasion, had their inherent power advantage exaggerated by the low air density at the high altitude Kyalami circuit and took the first six places on the grid.
Alain Prost won the race in his Renault.
Despite the pre-race agreement, the race stewards issued a statement during the race indicating that the licences of those drivers who had taken part in the strike were suspended.
The striking drivers were eventually fined $5,000 each and given a one race ban, suspended for six months, but the process of reaching this compromise position took several weeks and contributed to the cancellation of that year's Argentine Grand Prix, due to be the second race of the year.
The Brazilian and United States West Grands Prix were both won by DFV-powered cars, and both results were protested by the Ferrari and Renault teams, on the grounds that the leading DFV teams were competing with underweight cars thanks to their water-cooled brakes.
The stewards in Brazil ruled that the Piquet's winning Brabham and Rosberg's second-placed Williams were illegal, but their counterparts in the US rejected the same claim against Niki Lauda's McLaren and Rosberg's Williams, although they did uphold the Tyrrell team's protest against Ferrari's use of two rear wings and disqualified Villeneuve.
The appeal process meant that the result of the protest would not be known for another month.
On 19 April, the FIA tribunal found in favour of Ferrari and Renault's protest of the Brazilian Grand Prix result.
Piquet and Rosberg were disqualified and Prost was awarded the win.
The other finishers, including some like title contender John Watson who had also been racing underweight, but had not been protested, were moved up the results accordingly.
This gave Prost the lead in the world championship, with 18 points to Lauda's 12 and Rosberg and Watson's 8.
The tribunal also ruled that after future races, all cars must be weighed before liquids were topped up.
The FOCA teams requested a postponement of the next race, the San Marino Grand Prix, until July to allow consideration of the effects of the judgement, on the grounds that it changed the regulations of the sport.
The race organisers refused to delay the race, which went ahead without the majority of the FOCA teams.
Villeneuve and Pironi
Only 14 cars competed at the San Marino Grand Prix because of the FOCA boycott, leaving the Ferraris to compete with the Renaults until both French cars broke down.
By lap 45, Villeneuve and Pironi were contesting the lead, with Villeneuve in front, when their Ferrari team signalled them to slow down.
Villeneuve did so and was passed by his teammate; they swapped the lead again several times before Pironi passed Villeneuve on the final lap for the win.
After the race, Villeneuve said that the "Slow" sign at Ferrari had always previously meant that the drivers should hold their positions, adding "People seem to think we had the battle of our lives! [...]
I was coasting those last 15 laps.";
Pironi said that "The 'Slow' sign means only to use your head [... not that] if you think you can win, don't do it."
In an interview the following week, Villeneuve said that he would never speak to Pironi again.
Two weeks later, Villeneuve died after an accident during the final qualifying session for the Belgian Grand Prix at Zolder.
Bamsey and Lang write that he was trying to beat Pironi's time, while Ferrari race engineer Mauro Forghieri says that the Canadian was returning to the pits and would not therefore have set a lap time.
Villeneuve caught Jochen Mass travelling much more slowly through a left-handed bend and moved to the right to pass him at the same instant that Mass also moved right to let Villeneuve through on the racing line.
The two collided and Villeneuve was thrown out of his disintegrating car.
He died of a fractured neck in a local hospital at 9:12 that evening.
Ferrari withdrew from the race, which John Watson won for McLaren.
His teammate Lauda was disqualified after the race for an underweight car.
The results were dominated by the returning FOCA teams; even the only turbo-engined finisher, Piquet's Brabham-BMW, was from their number.
Roebuck writes that the next race, the Monaco Grand Prix, "was a sombre, edgy place [...] the sense of [Villeneuve's] absence was overwhelming": the Canadian had lived in the principality and had won the previous year's race.
In the race itself Arnoux led early before spinning off, handing the lead to his Renault teammate Prost.
Prost built up a massive lead, but a light rain shower in the closing laps triggered a chaotic finish.
Prost crashed out, handing the lead to Patrese.
Patrese spun on the penultimate lap and stalled, allowing Pironi into the lead, followed by Andrea de Cesaris.
On the final lap Pironi, de Cesaris, and Derek Daly all dropped out while in potential race winning positions.
Meanwhile, Patrese bump-started his car by coasting down a hill, completed the final two laps, and took his first career victory.
Pironi was classified second, despite running out of fuel and stopping on the last lap.
After the race, Prost, who had scored no points since the Brazilian Grand Prix in March, led the championship by one point from Watson and two points from Pironi.
North American tour
Formula One returned to North America for the Detroit Grand Prix, where Watson won again, this time from 17th place on the grid, to take the championship lead.
Tragedy struck again in Canada.
His stationary car was hit by the Osella of young Italian Riccardo Paletti, who was killed in the impact and resultant fire.
Piquet won the restarted race.
Pironi came back to take a dominant victory in the Netherlands, where Arnoux was lucky to escape uninjured from a massive crash after his Renault's throttle stuck open.
There was a car—a Ferrari— in the air, 20 feet or so from the ground, its nose pointing skyward.
It came down tail first, then began somersaulting, coming to rest finally at the trackside."
Journalist Nigel Roebuck describing Pironi's career-ending crash at the 1982 German Grand Prix
Back to Europe
Lauda won in Britain, but the real star of the race was Derek Warwick, who hustled the unfancied Toleman into second place late in the race and was closing on Lauda before the car broke down.
The next race at Le Castellet's Circuit Paul Ricard saw Frenchman Arnoux take victory in his French Renault, which was popular with the crowd but not with the team, as Arnoux was supposed to give the win to teammate Prost to help the latter's championship cause.
But that was a race that saw 4 French drivers finish in the top 4 (Arnoux, Prost, Pironi and Patrick Tambay) and German driver Jochen Mass immediately retire from F1 after a near-catastrophic accident with Mauro Baldi at Signes, the fast corner after the long Mistral straight.
Mass's car touched Baldi's, both went off the track and Mass hit the barrier and was then catapulted into grandstands full of people.
Although several spectators had minor injures, this appalling accident left no one dead or even seriously injured- as Formula One came very close to having its own 1955 Le Mans disaster.
As it was, Pironi seemed poised to run away with the title, but his quest was ended prematurely at the next race in Germany.
During a wet qualifying session, Pironi plowed into the back of Prost's Renault.
The Ferrari was launched into the air in an eerily similar accident to the one that killed Villeneuve.
Pironi was not thrown from the car, but suffered career-ending leg injuries.
Pironi's crash was so bad that FIA doctor Sid Watkins had considered amputating Pironi's legs to remove him from the wrecked Ferrari, which never happened.[citation needed] Ferrari chose to compete in the next day's race, and Patrick Tambay (who Ferrari had picked to replace Villeneuve) took a sombre win after Piquet crashed out of the lead while lapping Eliseo Salazar (Piquet famously punched Salazar for his trouble).
The Austrian Grand Prix at the Österreichring, the fastest Grand Prix circuit of the year was next, and this was perhaps the most exciting race of the season: all the turbo cars eventually fell out or hit trouble, and Prost, still in contention for the championship was dealt a serious blow to his championship hopes when his car suffered turbo failure 5 laps from the end.
The race then ended up being an exciting sprint for the finish between Rosberg and Italian Lotus driver Elio de Angelis.
De Angelis beat Rosberg to the line by half a car's length.
The Swiss Grand Prix, held at the Dijon-Prenois circuit in France, not Switzerland (where motor racing is banned) saw Rosberg win and took the lead in the championship after being held up by de Cesaris in the Alfa and catching Prost who suffered yet more mechanical troubles with his car; this was perhaps the fatal blow for the hapless Frenchman's championship hopes.
The Italian Grand Prix was won by Prost's hated teammate Arnoux and the two Ferraris of Tambay and American Mario Andretti finished 2nd and 3rd; John Watson still remained in contention for the championship title with Rosberg going into the final race in Las Vegas.
Rosberg wins in Las Vegas
Suddenly, Rosberg (who had scored zero points the previous season) was leading the championship going into the final round at Las Vegas.
He finished 5th in this race, while Watson finished 2nd; but even this was not enough to overhaul Rosberg's 44 point tally.
Michele Alboreto took his first of 5 career F1 wins there at Vegas; he was the 11th different winner that season; a record that has yet to be broken in Formula One.
1982 Drivers Championship final standings
1982 in sports
The 1983 Formula One season was the 34th of the championship.
1983 in sports
The 1984 Formula One season was the 35th of the championship.
The champion was Niki Lauda in a close battle.
Half points awarded after race was stopped due to dangerous conditions.
Grands Prix in New York City and Fuengirola, Spain were scheduled, but cancelled; the European and Portuguese Grands Prix replaced these two races, respectively.
1984 Constructors Championship final standings
On 18 July, Tyrrell was disqualified from all races so far that season, and banned from competing in remaining races, because the team had run illegal cars
1984 Drivers Championship final standings
The 1985 Formula One season was the 36th of the championship.
1985 in sports
The 1986 Formula One season was the 37th of the championship.
It started on March 23, and ended on October 26 with sixteen races.
This was the first year that turbocharged were required.
Formula One had baned naturally aspirated (atmospheric) engines.
Until the planed engine change in 2014, this was the only year turbos were required.
The ban on atmospheric engines was lifted in 1987.
In 1989, all forced induction engines (turbochargers or supercharge) were banned.
Numbers without parentheses are Championship points.
Numbers in parentheses are total points scored from the best 11 finishes.
Championship standings
The official website of Formula One
1986 in sports
The 1987 Formula One season was the 38th of the championship.
1987 in sports
The 1988 Formula One season was the 39th of the championship.
The champion was Ayrton Senna in a close battle.
Drivers & Constructors
1988 Constructors Championship final standings
1988 Drivers Championship final standings
Only best 11 results counted toward the championship.
Prost scored 105 points during the year, but only 87 points were counted toward the championship.
Senna scored 94 points, with 90 points counted toward the championship.
Thus, Senna became the World Champion, although he did not score most points over the course of the year.
1988 in sports
The 1989 Formula One season was the 40th of the championship.
1989 Drivers Championship final standings
1989 in sports
Lamar is a small community in Aransas County, Texas, ten miles north of Rockport and forty miles north of Corpus Christi.
Like the (otherwise unconnected) Lamar County it was named for Mirabeau B. Lamar, the second president of the Republic of Texas.
is a J-pop duo.
The groups members are Takuya Ōhashi (May 9, 1978) and Shintarō Tokita (February 25, 1978).
Ōhashi is the singer for the group.
He also plays the guitar and harmonica.
Tokita plays piano and keyboard.
Their style is very heavily-jazz influenced.
2011: musium
Qi Yuwu (Chinese: 戚玉武; pinyin: Qī Yùwǔ; born November 28, 1976) is a television and movie actor.
Qi was born in Guangzhou, China.
He grew up in Singapore.
Qi was a Physical Education major graduate.
He was the winner the China Round of Asian Star Search 1999, Singapore's regional talent search contest.
He also won  "Mr. Personality".
Before signing to MediaCorp Studios, he was a model.
He had also played the lead part in a Guangzhou television serial.
In 2004, 2005 and 2006, Qi was selected as one of the "Top 10 Most Popular Male Artists" on the annual Star Awards.
He was also nominated for the "Best Actor" award in Star Awards 2004 for the drama series, Room In My Heart and Star Awards 2006 for the drama series, C.I.D.
In 2006, he was expected to win the Best Actor award for his acting in C.I.D but he lost out to long-time actor Li Nanxing.
After which, Li Nan Xing said that he was he did not think that he would win because he had been watching "C.I.D" and though Qi's acting was better.
A natural actor, Yuwu was cast with regional actors in his first television series, Master Swordsman Lu Xiao Feng.
This was followed by Dare To Strike, another blockbuster co-production with Hong Kong actors.
Though being new in the movie industry, he already has many fans and an official fan club.
He was the first MediaCorp star to start a successful movie career.
His notable roles were in My Genie as Zhang Tai Ping, The Champion as Lu Kai Wei, C.I.D as Tang Si Wei and The Peak as Chen Tian Jun.
In 2007, Qi starred in the movies The Leap Years (also called Leap of Love) with Wong Lilin, Ananda Everingham and Joan Chen; The Home Song Stories, again with Joan Chen; and 881 by Royston Tan, with Yeo Yann Yann.
He also made a guest appearance in the movie Protege, acting with Louis Khoo and Daniel Wu.
Chinese television actors
Nigel Barker (born April 27, 1972 in London, England) is a fashion photographer most popular for being on America's Next Top Model since Cycle 2.
He is still a judge and the 2nd main judge (only after Tyra Banks).
Barker is a married man.
Barker has been a judge on television show America's Next Top Model since Cycle 2, which premiered in 2004.
He is a permanent judge.
He is memorably known for being offended by several contestants, especially winners.
Cycle 7
Barker was offended by contestant CariDee English when she made a joke that he had stuck a stick inside his anus.
English later apologized to Barker during judging, having written a letter that she read out.
Barker forgave her but still made her enter the bottom two to teach her a lesson.
Cycle 9
Barker was supportive of Saleisha Stowers, a contestant that eventually became the winner.
Stowers dated Barker so that he would put in good words for her in front of Tyra.
Sometime another week was shown that Barker blinked at Stowers, which also make Stowers having a seducing action.
British photographers
Simpleton (folklore), a generic character in folklore
Simpleton (reggae artist), 1990s Jamaican reggae artist
The Simpleton (1850), Alexei Pisemsky's debut novel
Traditional theatre was separated from its earliest days into comedy and tragedy.
Authors such as Anton Chekov and George Bernard Shaw famously blurred the line between comedy and drama.. . . .
Early television
In live theatre the difference between comedy and tragedy became less and less significant, in mass media, comedy and drama were clearly separated.
Comedies, especially, were meant to only have jokes and not any serious content.
By the early 1960s, television had started to present half-hour long "comedy" series, or one hour long "dramas."
Half-hour series were mostly situation comedy or family comedy.
One hour dramas could have detective series, westerns and science fiction.
Recent drama-comedy on television
A drama-comedy today is usually an hour-long dramatic series with funny jokes such as Moonlighting, Northern Exposure, Auf Wiedersehen, Pet, Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Eureka, Life on Mars, House, Desperate Housewives, Charmed, Popular, Skins, Monk, Psych, Gilmore Girls, The O.C., Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip, Ally McBeal, Ugly Betty, Brothers & Sisters, Grey's Anatomy or ''Boston Legal".
Comedy-drama  at the All Movie Guide
The Petronas Towers are two very tall skyscrapers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
They were the tallest buildings in the world until 2004, but still remain the tallest twin buildings.
Each tower has 88 floors and they are connected by a sky-bridge between the 41st and 42nd floors.
It is a commercial office building.
Buildings and structures in Malaysia
1994 establishments in Asia
Ponce is the second largest city in Puerto Rico outside of the San Juan metropolitan area.
It is in the southern part of the island.
186,475 people live there.
It is also called La Perla del Sur (The Pearl of the South) and La Ciudad Señorial de Puerto Rico (Majestic city of Puerto Rico).
Ponce and its barrios, United States Census Bureau
Places of Interest in Ponce, Puerto Rico (Spanish)
Ponce Official Site
A GPS receiver shows where it is.
It may also show how fast it is moving, which direction it is going, how high it is, and maybe how fast it is going up or down.
Many GPS receivers have information about places.
GPSs for automobiles have travel data like road maps, hotels, restaurants, and service stations.
GPSs for boats contain nautical charts of harbors, marinas, shallow water, rocks, and waterways.
Other GPS receivers are made for air navigation, hiking and backpacking, bicycling, or many other activities.
The majority are in smartphones.
Most GPS receivers can record where they have been, and help plan a journey.
While traveling a planned journey, it predicts the time to the next destination.
A GPS unit takes radio signals from satellites in space in orbit around the Earth.
There are 31 satellites which are  above the Earth.
The orbital period is 11 hours and 58 minutes.
Each circle is  radius due to the Earth's radius.
Far from the North Pole and South Pole, a GPS unit can receive signals from 6 to 12 satellites at once.
Each satellite contains an atomic clock which is carefully set by NORAD several times every day.
The radio signals contain information about the time and position of the satellite, including its ephemeris.
The GPS receiver subtracts the current time from the time the signal was sent.
The difference is how long ago the signal was sent.
The time difference multiplied by the speed of light is the distance to the satellite.
The GPS unit uses trigonometry to calculate where it is from each satellite's position and distance.
Usually there must be at least four satellites to solve the geometric equations.
A GPS receiver can calculate its position many times in one second.
Many inexpensive consumer receivers are accurate to  almost anywhere on the Earth.
A GPS unit can usually also calculate its current speed.
Cheap ones like in a mobile phone do this by comparing present position with recent position.
Expensive ones like in an airliner use the Doppler effect and are very accurate.
Various radio navigation systems have been in use since the middle 20th century.
In the 1960s, experiments put the radio transmitters in satellites.
A new system, at first called Navstar, was designed in the 1970s by the United States Air Force.
It became GPS and was only used by the U.S. military.
In 1983 President Ronald Reagan made an order to allow anyone to use the system, though it was yet too small to be very useful.
The highest precision signal was encrypted and only the armed forces were allowed to use it, but in the 1990s it was temporarily decrypted and this was made permanent at the turn of the century.
Some GPS receivers are separate units with their own power and display.
Those were the majority in the 20th century.
Military receivers then displayed only the geographic coordinates, or some had no display but only gave the coordinates to another machine.
Now, the majority of GPS receivers are part of mobile phones, and many are built into wristwatches, cars and other devices.
The GPS part of a mobile phone is small and usually poor, but the phone also uses mobile base stations and Wi-Fi signals to help.