the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
1966 – Sophie Marceau, French actress
1967 - Tab Benoit, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1968 - Sean Miller, American basketball player
1970 - Paul Allender, English guitarist and songwriter
1971 - Michael Adams, English chess player
1972 - Kimya Dawson, American singer-songwriter
1972 - Lorraine Pascale, British chef and former model
1973 - Andreas Hedlund, Swedish singer-songwriter and producer
1973 - Eli Marrero, Cuban-American baseball player, coach and manager
1973 – Bernd Schneider, German footballer
1973 - Alexei Urmanov, Russian figure skater
1974 - Eunice Barber, Sierra Leonean-French heptathlete and long jumper
1974 - Leslie Bibb, American actress
1974 - Berto Romero, Spanish humorist
1975 - Jerome P. James, American basketball player
1976 - Jacqueline Aguilera, Venezuelan model
1976 - Brandon Call, American actor
1976 - Diane Neal, American actress
1978 - Frode Kippe, Norwegian footballer
1978 - Rachel McAdams, Canadian actress
1980 - Isaac Hanson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Hanson)
1981 – Sarah Harding, English singer (Girls Aloud)
1983 - Ryan Bradley, American figure skater
1983 - Harry Lloyd, British actor
1984 - Park Han-byul, South Korean actress
1986 - Luis Aguiar, Uruguayan footballer
1986 – Nani, Portuguese footballer
1986 - Alexis Vastine, French boxer (d. 2015)
1986 - Greg Rutherford, British long jumper and sprinter
1987 – Gemma Spofforth, British swimmer
1990 - Shanica Knowles, American actress and singer
1990 - Doriemus, New Zealand racehorse (d. 2015)
1993 - Taylor Gold, American snowboarder
1994 – Raquel Castro, American actress
1998 - Kara Hayward, American actress
344 - Emperor Kang of Jin
375 – Valentinian I, Roman Emperor (b. 321)
474 - Leo II, Byzantine Emperor (b. 467)
594 - Gregory of Tours, Gallo-Roman bishop
641 - Emperor Jomei of Japan (b. 593)
885 - Liugard of Saxony (b. 845)
1231 - Elizabeth of Hungary (b. 1207)
1492 - Jami, Persian poet (b. 1414)
1494 - Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, Italian philosopher (b. 1463)
1558 - Reginald Pole, English archbishop (b. 1500)
1558 – Queen Mary I of England (b. 1516)
1562 - Antoine of Navarre (b. 1518)
1600 - Kuki Yoshitaka, Japanese navy commander (b. 1542)
1632 - Gottfried Heinrich Graf zu Pappenheim, Bavarian field marshal (b. 1594)
1713 – Abraham van Riebeeck, Dutch colonial governor (b. 1653)
1720 - Calico Jack, English pirate (b. 1682)
1768 – Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle upon Tyne, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1693)
1780 - Bernardo Bellotto, Italian painter (b. 1720)
1796 – Catherine II of Russia (b. 1729)
1818 – Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Queen Consort of Great Britain and Ireland (b. 1744)
1825 - Walter Leake, Governor of Mississippi (b. 1762)
1858 – Robert Owen, Welsh social reformer (b. 1771)
1893 - Alexander of Battenberg, Prince of Bulgaria (b. 1857)
1905 – Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (b. 1817)
1917 – Auguste Rodin, French sculptor (b. 1840)
1920 - John Franklin Fort, Governor of New Jersey (b. 1852)
1922 - Robert Comtesse, Swiss politician (b. 1847)
1924 - Patriarch Gregory VII of Constantinople (b. 1850)
1928 - Lala Lajpat Rai, Indian author and politician (b. 1865)
1929 - Herman Hollerith, American businessman (b. 1860)
1934 - Joachim Ringelnatz, German writer (b. 1883)
1940 - Eric Gill, English sculptor (b. 1882)
1940 - Raymond Pearl, American biologist (b. 1879)
1947 - Ricarda Huch, German writer, poet, philosopher and historian (b. 1864)
1959 – Heitor Villa-Lobos, Brazilian composer (b. 1887)
1961 - Michael Rockefeller, American explorer (b. 1938)
1966 – James Jabara, American Air Force pilot (b. 1923)
1968 – Mervyn Peake, British writer (b. 1911)
1971 - Debaki Bose, Indian actor, director and writer (b. 1898)
1971 - Gladys Cooper, British actress (b. 1888)
1973 - Mirra Alfassa, French-Indian spiritual leader (b. 1878)
1974 – Erskine Hamilton Childers, President of Ireland (b. 1905)
1979 – John Glascock, British musician (Jethro Tull) (b. 1951)
1982 - Duk Koo Kim, South Korean boxer (b. 1959)
1985 - Lon Nol, Cambodian politician (b. 1913)
1986 - Georges Besse, French manager (Renault) (b. 1927)
1987 - Paul Derringer, American baseball player (b. 1906)
1990 – Robert Hofstadter, American physicist (b. 1915)
1992 - Audre Lorde, Caribbean-American author, poet and activist (b. 1934)
1998 - Esther Rolle, American actress (b. 1920)
2000 – Louis Néel, French physicist (b. 1904)
2002 - Abba Eban, Israeli politician (b. 1915)
2004 - Alexander Ragulin, Russian ice hockey player (b. 1941)
2004 - Mikael Ljungberg, Swedish wrestler (b. 1970)
2006 – Ferenc Puskas, Hungarian footballer (b. 1927)
2006 – Bo Schembechler, American football coach (b. 1929)
2006 – Flo Sandon's, Italian singer (b. 1924)
2010 – Olavo Rodrigues Barbosa, Brazilian footballer (b. 1923)
2012 - Bal Thackeray, Indian politician (b. 1926)
2013 - Doris Lessing, British writer (b. 1919)
2014 - Bill Frenzel, American politician (b. 1928)
2014 - Jimmy Ruffin, American singer (b. 1936)
2015 - Rahim Moeini Kermanshahi, Iranian poet and songwriter (b. 1922)
2016 - Ruth Gruber, American journalist (b. 1911)
2016 - Whitney Smith, American vexillologist (b. 1940)
2017 - Salvatore Riina, Italian mafia boss (b. 1930)
2017 - Earle Hyman, American actor (b. 1926)
2017 - Rikard Wolff, Swedish actor (b. 1958)
2017 - Aleksandr Salnikov, Soviet-Ukrainian basketball player (b. 1949)
2018 - Richard Baker, English broadcaster (b. 1925)
2018 - Gene Berce, American basketball player (b. 1926)
2018 - Kayo Dottley, American football player (b. 1928)
2018 - Alyque Padamsee, Indian actor (b. 1928)
2018 - Eduard von Falz-Fein, Russian-born Liechtensteiner businessman, journalist and sportsman  (b. 1912)
2019 - Harley D. Nygren, American admiral and photographer (b. 1924)
2019 - Adnan Pachachi, Iraqi politician and diplomat (b. 1923)
International Students' Day
World Prematurity Day
Struggle for Freedom and Democracy (Czech Republic and Slovakia)
326 - The old St. Peter's Basilica is consecrated in Rome.
401 - Visigoths, led by King Alaric I, cross the Alps and invade present-day northern Italy.
1095 – The Council of Clermont, called by Pope Urban II to discuss sending the First Crusade to the Holy Land, begins.
1180 - Philip II of France becomes King.
1210 - Pope Innocent III excommunicates Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor.
1302 – Pope Boniface VIII issues the Papal bull Unam sanctam ("The One Holy").
1307 – According to legend, William Tell shoots an apple off of his son's head.
1421 – A seawall at the Zuiderzee dike breaks, flooding 72 villages and killing about 10,000 people in the Netherlands.
1493 – Christopher Columbus first sights what is now Puerto Rico.
1494 - King Charles VII of France occupies Florence, present-day Italy.
1626 - St. Peter's Basilica is consecrated in Rome.
1738 - Augustus III is decided as the King of Poland, as the Peace of Vienna ends the War of the Polish Succession.
1803 – The Battle of Vertières, the last major battle of the Haitian Revolution, is fought, leading to the establishment of the Republic of Haiti, the first black republic in the Western Hemisphere.
1812 - Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Krasnoi.
1863 - King Christian IX of Denmark signs the November Constitution that declares Schleswig to be part of Denmark.
1883 – American and Canadian railroads institute five standard continental time zones, ending the confusion of thousands of local times.
1903 – The Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty is signed by the United States and Panama, giving the Americans exclusive rights over the Panama Canal Zone.
1904 – General Esteban Huertas steps down after the government of Panama fears he wants to stage a coup.
1905 – Prince Carl of Denmark becomes King Haakon VII of Norway.
1905 - British steamship Hilda strikes a reef off Brittany and sinks during a snowstorm, killing 125 people.
1909 - Two US warships are sent to Nicaragua after 500 revolutionaries (including 2 Americans) are executed by order of Jose Santos Zelaya.
1916 - World War I: The first Battle of the Somme ends indecisively.
1918 – Latvia declares its independence from Russia.
1926 – George Bernard Shaw refuses to accept the money for his Nobel Prize, saying, "I can forgive Alfred Nobel for inventing dynamite, but only a fiend in human form could have invented the Nobel Prize."
1926 - Dominions of the British Empire are recognised as independent states.
1928 – Release of the animated short Steamboat Willie, the first fully synchronized sound cartoon, directed by Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks, featuring the second appearances of cartoon stars Mickey Mouse and Minnie Mouse.
This is also considered by the Disney corporation to be Mickey's birthday.
1929 - A magnitude 7.2 earthquake, centred south of Newfoundland, strikes.
12 undersea cables are broken and some south coast communities are destroyed.
1936 - Germany and Italy recognise the government of Francisco Franco in Spain.
1939 - Dutch ocean steamer Simon Bolivar runs over a German minefield near Harwich, exploding twice before sinking, killing 102 people.
1940 – German leader Adolf Hitler and Italian Foreign Minister Galeazzo Ciano meet to discuss Benito Mussolini's disastrous invasion of Greece.
1943 – World War II: 440 Royal Air Force planes bomb Berlin causing only light damage and killing 131.
The RAF lost nine aircraft and 53 air crew.
1944 - The Popular Socialist Youth is founded in Cuba.
1947 - The Ballantyne's Department Store fire in Christchurch, New Zealand, kills 41 people.
1961 - John F. Kennedy sends 18,000 military advisors to South Vietnam.
1963 - The push-button telephone goes into service.
1968 - The James Watt Street factory fire in Glasgow, Scotland, kills 22 people.
1970 - Joe Frazier defends his heavyweight boxing world title against Bob Foster in Detroit.
1976 - The parliament of Spain passes a bill allowing the creation of democracy in the country.
1978 – In Guyana, Jim Jones leads his Peoples Temple cult in a mass murder-suicide.
918 people died, 909 of them at Jonestown itself, including over 270 children.
A few hours earlier, United States Congressman Leo Ryan, visiting to investigate the cult, was shot dead.
1987 – In London, 31 people die in a fire at the city's busiest underground station at King's Cross St Pancras.
1987 - The United States Congress issues the final report on the Iran Contra Affair.
1988 – U.S. President Ronald Reagan signs a bill into law allowing the death penalty for murder in regards to drug traffickers.
1991 – Church of England envoy Terry Waite and American academic Thomas Sutherland are released in Lebanon, where they had been held hostage; Waite since 1987 and Sutherland since 1985.
1991 - After an 87-day siege, the town of Vukovar, Croatia, surrenders to the Yugoslav People's Army and allied Serbian paramilitary forces.
1993 – In South Africa, 21 political parties approve a new constitution.
1996 - Bernard Dowiyogo is elected President of Nauru over Lagumot Harris, and immediately ends diplomatic relations with France over its nuclear testing on Mururoa Atoll, French Polynesia.
2000 – Catherine Zeta-Jones and Michael Douglas marry.
2002 – United Nations weapons inspectors led by Hans Blix arrive in Iraq.
2003 - The Local Government Act of 2003 becomes effective in the United Kingdom, ending the controversial Anti-Homosexuality amendment.
2004 – Russia officially ratifies the Kyoto Protocol.
2006 - Tom Cruise and Katie Holmes marry in Italy.
Their marriage ends in divorce in 2012.
2009 - 2010 FIFA World Cup Qualification: Controversy is caused when French player Thierry Henry appears to have handled the ball in the run-up to a goal that sends France to the World Cup against the Republic of Ireland.
2019 - Gotabaya Rajapaksa becomes President of Sri Lanka; he later names his brother (and former President) Mahinda Rajapaksa as Prime Minister.
2019 - The United States government says that is does not consider the building of Jewish settlements in the West Bank to be illegal.
709 - Emperor Konin of Japan (d. 782)
1522 - Lamoral, Count of Egmont, Flemish general and statesman (d. 1568)
1527 - Luca Cambiasi, Italian painter (d. 1585)
1630 – Eleanor Gonzaga, Holy Roman Empress (d. 1686)
1647 – Pierre Bayle, French philosopher (d. 1706)
1736 – Anton Graff, Swiss painter (d. 1813)
1743 – Johannes Ewald, Danish playwright (d. 1781)
1756 - Thomas Burgess, English writer, philosopher and religious figure (d. 1837)
1772 – Prince Louis Ferdinand of Prussia (d. 1806)
1774 – Princess Wilhelmine of Prussia (d. 1837)
1785 - David Wilkie, Scottish painter (d. 1844)
1786 – Carl Maria von Weber, German composer (d. 1826)
1787 – Louis Daguerre, French artist and physicist (d. 1851)
1804 - Alfonso Ferrero la Marmora, Italian general and statesman (d. 1878)
1810 - Asa Gray, American botanist (d. 1888)
1820 - James William Abert, American army officer and mapmaker (d. 1897)
1832 – Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld, Finnish-Swedish explorer (d. 1901)
1836 – W. S. Gilbert, British philosopher (d. 1911)
1839 - August Kundt, German physicist (d. 1894)
1856 - Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich of Russia (d. 1929)
1860 - Ignacy Jan Paderewski, Polish composer and statesman (d. 1941)
1861 - Dorothy Dix, American journalist (d. 1951)
1873 - Arthur J. Weaver, Governor of Nebraska (d. 1945)
1874 - Clarence Day, American writer (d. 1935)
1877 – Arthur Cecil Pigou, British economist (d. 1959)
1880 - Narum Torbov, Bulgarian architect (d. 1952)
1882 - Wyndham Lewis, British writer and painter (d. 1957)
1882 - Jacques Maritain, French philosopher (d. 1973)
1882 - Amelita Galli-Curci, Italian soprano (d. 1959)
1883 – Carl Vinson, American politician (d. 1981)
1888 – Frances Marion, American screenwriter and director (d. 1973)
1889 - Stanislav Kosior, Polish-born Soviet politician (d. 1939)
1891 - Gio Ponti, Italian architect (d. 1979)
1897 – Patrick Blackett, Baron Blackett, British physicist (d. 1974)
1898 - Joris Ivens, Dutch movie maker (d. 1989)
1898 - Poul F. Jensen, Faroese poet and writer (d. 1970)
1899 - Eugene Ormandy, Hungarian-born American violinist and conductor (d. 1985)
1901 – George Gallup, American statistician and pollster (d. 1984)
1901 - V. Shantaram, Indian director, screenwriter, producer and actor (d. 1984)
1904 - Mihai Antonescu, Romanian politician (d. 1946)
1906 – Alec Issigonis, Greek-British car designer (d. 1988)
1906 – Klaus Mann, German writer (d. 1949)
1906 – George Wald, American scientist (d. 1997)
1907 – Compay Segundo, Cuban musician (Buena Vista Social Club) (d. 2003)
1909 - Johnny Mercer, American lyricist (d. 1976)
1911 - Attilio Bertolucci, Italian poet and writer (d. 2000)
1913 - Endre Rozsda, French surrealist painter (d. 1999)
1914 - Haguroyama Masaji, Japanese sumo wrestler (d. 1969)
1915 - Ken Burkhart, American baseball player and umpire (d. 2004)
1917 - Pedro Infante, Mexican actor and singer (d. 1957)
1919 - Jocelyn Brando, American actress (d. 2005)
1920 – Mustafa Khalil, 77th Prime Minister of Egypt (d. 2008)
1920 - Ron Suart, English footballer (d. 2015)
1922 - Luis Somoza Debayle, President of Nicaragua (d. 1967)
1923 – Alan Shepard, American astronaut, first American to travel into space (d. 1998)
1923 – Ted Stevens, American politician (d. 2010)
1926 - Estanislau Basora, Spanish footballer (d. 2012)
1927 – Hank Ballard, American musician (d. 2003)
1927 - Eldar Ryazanov, Russian movie director and screenwriter (d. 2015)
1928 - Sheila Jordan, American jazz singer
1928 - Salvador Laurel, Vice president of the Philippines (d. 2004)
1934 - Vassilis Vassilikos, Greek writer and diplomat
1936 – Don Cherry, American jazz trumpeter (d. 1995)
1936 - Ennio Antonelli, Italian cardinal
1938 - Eugenio Montejo, Venezuelan writer, poet and diplomat (d. 2008)
1938 - Norbert Ratsirahonana, former Prime Minister of Madagascar
1939 – Margaret Atwood, Canadian writer
1939 - John O'Keefe, American-British neurologist
1939 - Liz J. Patterson, American politician (d. 2018)
1939 - Brenda Vaccaro, American actress
1939 - Amanda Lear, British singer, actress and author
1940 – Qaboos bin Said al Said, Sultan of Oman (d. 2020)
1941 - Gary Bettenhausen, American racing driver (d. 2014)
1942 – Linda Evans, American actress
1942 - Susan Sullivan, American actress
1943 - Leonardo Sandri, Argentine cardinal
1944 – Wolfgang Joop, German fashion designer
1945 - Wilma Mankiller, American tribal chief (d. 2010)
1945 – Mahinda Rajapaksa, Prime Minister and former President of Sri Lanka
1946 - Alan Dean Foster, American fantasy and science fiction writer
1948 - Ana Mendieta, American performance artist
1950 - Graham Parker, American singer
1950 - Rudy Sarzo, Cuban-born American musician
1952 – Harald Konopka, German footballer
1952 - Peter Beattie, 36th Premier of Queensland
1953 – Alan Moore, British writer
1953 - Kevin Nealon, American actor and comedian
1954 - Guy Innes-Ker, 10th Duke of Roxburghe, Scottish aristocrat (d. 2019)
1956 - Warren Moon, American football player
1958 - David Brailovsky, Argentine footballer
1959 - Cindy Blackman, American jazz musician
1959 - Karla Faye Tucker, American murderer (d. 1998)
1960 – Elizabeth Perkins, American actress
1960 – Kim Wilde, English singer
1961 - Steven Moffat, Scottish screenwriter and producer
1962 – Kirk Hammett, American guitarist (Metallica)
1963 - Joost Zwagerman, Dutch writer (d. 2015)
1963 – Peter Schmeichel, Danish footballer
1967 - Gavin Peacock, English footballer
1967 - Jocelyn Lemieux, Canadian ice hockey player
1968 – Owen Wilson, American actor
1968 - Gary Sheffield, American baseball player
1969 - Duncan Sheik, rock music singer
1969 - Sam Cassell, American basketball player
1969 - Koichiro Kimura, Japanese mixed martial artist and professional wrestler (d. 2014)
1970 - Peter Dutton, Australian politician
1970 - Mike Epps, American actor, comedian and writer
1970 - Megyn Kelly, American lawyer and journalist
1971 - Therese Coffey, English politician
1972 - Jessi Alexander, American singer-songwriter
1973 – Darko Kovacevic, Serbian footballer
1974 - Chloe Sevigny, American actress
1975 - Anthony McPartlin, English actor and television presenter (Ant and Dec)
1975 - David Ortiz, baseball player
1976 – Shagrath, Norwegian singer (Dimmu Borgir)
1977 - Fabolous, American rapper
1980 - Minori Chihara, Japanese singer
1980 – François Duval, French rally driver
1980 – Junichi Okada, Japanese singer
1980 - Maggie Stiefvater, American writer
1980 - Hamza al-Ghamdi, Saudi Arabian terrorist (d. 2001)
1981 - Christina Vidal, American actress
1983 – Michael Dawson, English footballer
1984 – Johnny Christ (Real name: Jonathan Lewis Seward), American bassist of Avenged Sevenfold
1985 - Allyson Felix, American athlete
1986 - Georgia King, English actress
1987 – Jake Abel, American actor
1988 - Michael Roach, American soccer player
1989 - Natalie Osman, American professional wrestler
1991 - Noppawan Lertcheewakarn, Thai tennis player
1992 – Nathan Kress, American actor
1992 - Queralt Casas, Spanish basketball player
1154 - Adelaide de Maurienne, Queen of France (b. 1092)
1170 - Albert the Bear, Brandenburg nobleman (b. 1100)
1785 – Louis Philippe I, French soldier and writer (b. 1725)
1814 - William Jessop, British civil engineer (b. 1745)
1827 – Wilhelm Hauff, German poet (b. 1802)
1830 - Adam Weishaupt, German founder of the Illuminati
1841 - Agustin Gamarra, President of Peru
1886 – Chester A. Arthur, 21st President of the United States (b. 1829)
1920 – Matthias Jochumsson, Icelandic poet (b. 1835)
1922 – Marcel Proust, French writer (b. 1871)
1927 - Scipione Borghese, 10th Prince of Sulmona, Italian industrialist, politician, explorer, mountaineer and racing driver (b. 1871)
1941 – Walther Nernst, German chemist (b. 1864)
1941 – Chris Watson, third Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1867)
1962 – Niels Bohr, Danish physicist, Nobel Prize winner (b. 1885)
1965 – Henry A. Wallace, Vice President of the United States (b. 1888)
1969 - Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr.,
American businessman and father of John F. Kennedy (b. 1888)
1972 - Danny Whitten, American musician (b. 1843)
1973 – Alois Haba, Czech composer (b. 1893)
1976 – Man Ray, American artist (b. 1890)
1977 – Kurt Schuschnigg, Austrian politician (b. 1897)
1978 – Leo Ryan, United States Congressman (b. 1925)
1978 – Jim Jones, American cult leader (suicide) (b. 1931)
1979 - Freddie Fitzsimmons, American baseball player (b. 1901)
1987 – Jacques Anquetil, French cyclist (b. 1934)
1991 – Gustav Husak, Czechoslovakian politician (b. 1913)
1994 – Cab Calloway, American musician (b. 1907)
1998 - Aurelio de Lira Tavares, President of Brazil (b. 1905)
1999 – Paul Bowles, American writer (b. 1910)
2002 – James Coburn, American actor (b. 1928)
2004 - Cy Coleman, American composer, songwriter and pianist (b. 1929)
2009 – Jeanne-Claude, French artist (b. 1935)
2009 - Red Robbins, American basketball player (b. 1944)
2010 - Brian G. Marsden, British astronomer (b. 1937)
2010 - Gaye Stewart, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1923)
2011 - Walt Hazzard, American basketball player (b. 1942)
2014 - Pepe Eliaschev, Argentine journalist and writer (b. 1945)
2014 - Ahmad Lozi, Prime Minister of Jordan (b. 1925)
2015 - Jonah Lomu, New Zealand rugby player (b. 1975)
2015 - Abdelhamid Abaaoud, Belgian terrorist (b. 1988)
2015 - Mal Whitfield, American runner (b. 1924)
2016 - Denton Cooley, American heart surgeon (b. 1920)
2017 - Azzedine Alaïa, Tunisian-French fashion designer (b. 1933)
2017 - Giorgio Antonucci, Italian physician (b. 1933)
2017 - Commins Menapi, Solomon Islands footballer (b. 1977)
2017 - Youssouf Ouédraogo, 6th Prime Minister of Burkina Faso (b. 1952)
2017 - Friedel Rausch, German footballer (b. 1940)
2017 - Ben Riley, American jazz drummer (b. 1933)
2017 - Gillian Rolton, Australian equestrian (b. 1956)
2017 - Pancho Segura, Ecuadorean-American tennis player (b. 1921)
2017 - Malcolm Young, Scottish-Australian musician (AC/DC) (b. 1953)
2018 - Waldyr Boccardo, Brazilian basketball player (b. 1936)
2018 - Héctor Beltrán Leyva, Mexican drug cartel leader (b. 1965)
2018 - Eddie Reeves, American songwriter and record label executive (b. 1939)
2018 - Muhammad Abdul Wahhab, Pakistani Islamic cleric (b. 1923)
2018 - Uladzimir Zhuravel, Belarussian footballer (b. 1971)
2019 - Norodom Buppha Devi, Cambodian royal and ballerina (b. 1943)
Latvia – Independence Day (1918)
Oman – National holiday
Venezuela – Feast of the Virgen de Chiquinquirá, also known as la Chinita, in the western state of Zulia
461 - Libius Severus is declared Emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
1404 - Severe flooding occurs in the Netherlands, as 3000 hectares of land are washed away, with the flood waters also completely wiping out the towns of Ijzendijke and Hugevliet.
1421 - A major flood in the Netherlands kills between 2,000 and 10,000 people.
1493 – Christopher Columbus goes ashore on an island he first saw the day before.
He names it San Juan Bautista (later renamed Puerto Rico).
1806 - French troops occupy Hamburg during the Napoleonic Wars.
1816 - In Poland, Warsaw University is founded.
1819 – The Museo del Prado in Madrid opens.
1847 - The second Canadian railway line is opened between Montreal and Lachine.
1850 - Alfred Tennyson is named Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom by Queen Victoria.
1863 – U.S. President Abraham Lincoln delivers the Gettysburg Address at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.
1869 – The Hudson's Bay Company sells Ruperts Land to Canada.
1881 - A meteorite lands southwest of Odessa, present-day Ukraine.
1885 - Serbo-Bulgarian War: Bulgarian victory in the Battle of Slivnitsa officially unifies the Kingdom of Bulgaria and Eastern Rumelia.
1887 - In the English Channel, Dutch ocean steamer W. A. Scholten sinks after a collision with a British freighter, killing 132 people.
1911 - The Doom Bar in Cornwall claims two ships, Island Maid and Angele, in which the entire crew, except the captain, is killed.
1912 - The five hundred-year rule of the Ottoman Empire over Macedonia is ended.
1916 - Goldwyn Pictures is founded by Samuel Goldwyn and Edgar Selwyn.
1941 - World War II: The warships HMAS Sydney and HSK Kormoran sink each other off Western Australia, with the loss of 645 Australians and 77 Germans.
1942 - World War II: Battle of Stalingrad - Soviet Union forces under Georgy Zhukov launch Operation Uranus counter-attacks at Stalingrad, turning the battle in the USSR's favour.
1942 - Mutesa II is crowned as the last Kabala (King) of Buganda.
1946 – Afghanistan, Iceland and Sweden join the United Nations.
1950 - Dwight D. Eisenhower becomes Supreme Commander of NATO Europe.
1952 - Alexander Papagos becomes Prime Minister of Greece.
1967 - TVB is founded, as the first wireless commercial television station in Hong Kong.
1969 – Apollo 12 lands on the Moon.
Charles Conrad and Alan LaVern Bean become the 3rd and 4th people respectively to walk on the Moon.
1969 – Brazilian footballer Pelé scores the 1,000th goal of his career.
1977 – Egyptian President Anwar Sadat becomes the first Arab leader to officially visit Israel, when he meets with Israeli prime minister Menachem Begin seeking a permanent peace settlement.
1979 – Iranian leader Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini orders the release of 13 female and black American hostages being held at the US Embassy in Tehran.
1984 - Oil depot explosions in Mexico City cause a large fire, which kills around 500 people.
1985 – Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev meet.
1990 – Pop group Milli Vanilli are stripped of their Grammy Award because they did not sing at all on the Girl You Know It’s True album.
1994 - The United Kingdom's first National Lottery draw is held.
1995 – Aleksander Kwasniewski is elected President of Poland.
1996 – The case of the Port Arthur massacre comes to trial.
1998 – The United States House of Representatives Judiciary Committee begins impeachment hearings against U.S. President Bill Clinton.
1998 - Vincent van Gogh's Portrait of the Artist Without Beard sells at auction for $ 71.5 million.
1999 - The People's Republic of China launches the Shenzhou 1 spacecraft.
1999 - Russia withdraws its military from Georgia.
2002 – The Prestige oil tanker breaks apart near the coast of Galicia, Spain, causing a large oil spill.
2010 – Twenty-nine miners are trapped after an explosion in the Pike River Mine near Greymouth in New Zealand.
They are pronounced dead after a second explosion five days later.
2013 - A storm affecting Sardinia causes heavy rain, flooding and kills 18 people.
2013 - Bomb attacks in Beirut, Lebanon, kill at least 22 people.
2014 - Nicola Sturgeon becomes the 5th, and first female, First Minister of Scotland, succeeding Alex Salmond.
2016 - The German Wikipedia publishes its two-millionth article.
2017 - Talks about forming a governing coalition fail in Germany, after September's election to the Bundestag.
1464 – Emperor Go-Kashiwabara of Japan (d. 1526)
1503 - Pier Luigi Farnese, Duke of Parma (d. 1547)
1563 - Robert Sidney, 1st Earl of Leicester, English statesman (d. 1626)
1597 - Elizabeth Charlotte of the Palatine, Electress of Bavaria (d. 1660)
1600 – King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland (d. 1649)
1600 - Leo Aitzema, Dutch historian and statesman (d. 1669)
1616 - Eustache Le Sueur, French painter (d. 1665)
1700 - Jean-Antoine Nollet, French priest and physician (d. 1770)
1711 – Mikhail Lomonosov, Russian writer and polymath (d. 1765)
1722 – Leopold Auenbrugger, Austrian physician (d. 1809)
1770 - Adam Johann von Krusenstern, German-Baltic admiral of the Russian fleet (d. 1846)
1770 – Bertel Thorvaldsen, Danish sculptor (d. 1844)
1779 - Duchess Louise Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (d. 1801)
1797 - René Caillié, French explorer (d. 1838)
1802 - Solomon Foot, American politician (d. 1866)
1805 – Ferdinand de Lesseps, French diplomat and businessman (d. 1894)
1805 - Edouard Drouyn de Unuys, French politician (d. 1881)
1808 - Janez Bleiweis, Slovenian journalist and politician (d. 1881)
1814 - Girolamo de Rada, Albanian-Italian writer (d. 1903)
1831 – James A. Garfield, 20th President of the United States (d. 1881)
1831 - José Evaristo Uriburu, President of Argentina (d. 1914)
1833 - Wilhelm Dilthey, German theologian, philosopher, psychologist and educator (d. 1911)
1843 - Richard Avenarius, German philosopher (d. 1896)
1859 - Mikhail Ippolitov-Ivanov, Russian composer and conductor (d. 1935)
1873 - Elizabeth McCombs, first female member of the New Zealand parliament (d. 1935)
1875 – Mikhail Kalinin, Soviet politician (d. 1946)
1875 - Hiram Bingham, United States Senator and explorer (d. 1956)
1876 - Tatyana Afanasyeva, Russian-Dutch mathematician (d. 1964)
1877 - Giuseppe Volpi, Italian businessman and politician (d. 1947)
1879 - Mait Metsanurk, Estonian writer (d. 1957)
1887 – James B. Sumner, American chemist (d. 1955)
1888 - Jose Raul Capablanca, Cuban chess player (d. 1942)
1889 – Clifton Webb, American actor (d. 1966)
1893 - René Voisin, French classical trumpeter (d. 1952)
1894 – Américo Tomás, 14th President of Portugal (d. 1987)
1898 – Arthur R. von Hippel, German physicist (d. 2003)
1899 - Allen Tate, American poet and literary critic (d. 1979)
1900 – Anna Seghers, German writer (d. 1983)
1902 - Princess Mafalda of Savoy (d. 1944)
1904 - Nancy Carroll, American actress (d. 1965)
1905 – Tommy Dorsey, American musician (d. 1956)
1908 - Alan Baxter, actor (d. 1976)
1909 - Elmo Smith, Governor of Oregon (d. 1968)
1910 - Adrian Conan Doyle, English racing driver and author (d. 1970)
1912 – George Emil Palade, Romanian biologist (d. 2008)
1912 - Bernard Joseph McLaughlin, American bishop (d. 2015)
1912 - Robert Simpson, American meteorologist (d. 2014)
1914 - Mills E. Godwin, Jr., two-time Governor of Virginia (d. 1999)
1915 – Earl Wilbur Sutherland Jr., American physiologist (d. 1974)
1917 – Indira Gandhi, Prime Minister of India (d. 1984)
1919 – Gillo Pontecorvo, Italian movie director (d. 2006)
1919 - Alan Young, British-born American actor (d. 2016)
1920 – Gene Tierney, American actress (d. 1991)
1921 - Roy Campanella, American baseball player (d. 1993)
1924 – Knut Steen, Norwegian sculptor (d. 2011)
1925 - Zygmunt Bauman, Polish-British sociologist (d. 2017)
1925 - John Gordon, English author (d. 2017)
1926 - Jeane Kirkpatrick, 16th United States Ambassador to the United Nations (d. 2006)
1928 - Dara Singh, Indian actor and bodybuilder (d. 2012)
1930 – Kurt Nielsen, Danish tennis player (d. 2011)
1930 - Christian Schwarz-Schilling, German politician
1932 - Eleanor F. Helin, American astronomer (d. 2009)
1932 - Jerry Sheindlin, American judge and author
1933 – Larry King, American television personality (d. 2021)
1934 – Valentin Kozmich Ivanov, Russian footballer (d. 2011)
1934 – Kurt Hamrin, Swedish footballer
1934 - David Lloyd Jones, English conductor
1935 - Rashad Khalifa, Egyptian biochemist and computer scientist (d. 1990)
1936 – Yuan T. Lee, Taiwanese chemist
1936 - Dick Cavett, American talkshow host
1936 - Wolfgang Jeschke, German science fiction writer (d. 2015)
1937 - Tamara Bunke, German-Argentine revolutionary (d. 1967)
1938 - Warren "Pete" Moore, American singer-songwriter and record producer (d. 2017)
1938 - Hank Medress, American singer (The Tokens) (d. 2007)
1938 – Ted Turner, American businessman
1939 - Emil Constantinescu, 3rd President of Romania
1939 - Tom Harkin, American politician
1939 - Garrick Utley, American broadcast journalist (d. 2014)
1941 - Tommy Thompson, American politician, 42nd Governor of Wisconsin
1941 - Dan Haggerty, American actor (d. 2016)
1942 - Sharon Olds, American poet
1942 – Calvin Klein, American clothing designer
1943 - Aurelio Monteagudo, Cuban baseball player
1943 - Fred Lipsius, American musician
1944 – Klaus Fichtel, German footballer
1944 - Agnes Baltsa, Greek singer
1945 - Hans Monderman, Dutch road traffic engineer (d. 2008)
1947 - Bob Boone, American baseball player and manager
1947 - Anfinn Kallsberg, 10th Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands
1947 - Lamar S. Smith, American politician
1949 - Raymond Blanc, French chef
1951 - Charles Falconer, Baron Falconer of Thoroton, British politician
1951 - Mihai Ghimpu, Moldovan politician, former Interim President of Moldova
1953 - Robert Beltran, American actor
1954 - Kathleen Quinlan, American actress
1954 - Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, 6th President of Egypt
1955 - Glynnis O'Connor, American actress
1956 – Eileen Collins, American astronaut
1956 - Ann Curry, American broadcast journalist
1956 - Jim Hodges, former Governor of South Carolina
1956 - Peter Carter, English diplomat (d. 2014)
1957 - Ofra Haza, Israeli singer (d. 2000)
1957 - Joel Goldsmith, American composer (d. 2012)
1957 - Tom Virtue, American actor
1958 - Terrence Carson, American actor
1958 - Algirdas Butkevicius, 12th Prime Minister of Lithuania
1959 - Jo Bonner, American politician
1959 - Allison Janney, American actress
1960 - Matt Sorum, American musician
1960 - Miss Elizabeth, American professional wrestling promoter (d. 2003)
1961 – Meg Ryan, American actress
1962 – Jodie Foster, American actress
1962 – Sean Parnell, American politician, 12th Governor of Alaska
1964 - Petr Necas, 9th Prime Minister of the Czech Republic
1965 – Laurent Blanc, French footballer
1965 - Gary Ablett, English footballer (d. 2012)
1965 - Douglas Henshall, Scottish actor
1966 - Kakhaber Kacharava, Georgian footballer
1966 - Gail Devers, American athlete
1966 – Jason Scott Lee, American actor
1967 - Dhafer Youssef, Tunisian jazz musician
1971 - Naoko Mori, Japanese-English actress and singer
1974 - Arun Vijay, Indian movie actor
1975 – Sushmita Sen, Indian beauty queen and actress
1976 – Robin Dunne, Canadian actor
1976 - Jack Dorsey, American founder of Twitter
1977 - Mette Frederiksen, Danish politician, Prime Minister of Denmark
1977 – Kerri Strug, American gymnast
1979 - Ryan Howard, American baseball player
1980 - Adele Silva, English actress
1980 – Vladimir Radmanovic, Serbian basketball player
1980 - Andrew Copson, Chief Executive of the Humanists UK
1980 - Yipsi Moreno, Cuban hammer thrower
1981 - Marcus Banks, American basketball player
1983 - Chandra Crawford, Canadian cross-country skier
1983 - Meseret Defar, Ethiopian runner
1984 – Jorge Fucile, Uruguayan footballer
1984 - Brittany Maynard, American assisted suicide activist (d. 2014)
1985 – Chris Eagles, English footballer
1986 - Milan Smiljanic, Serbian footballer
1986 - Jeannie Ortega, American actress, dancer and songwriter
1986 - Dayron Robles, Cuban athlete
1986 - Hovi Star, Israeli singer
1987 - Feng Zhe, Chinese gymnast
1988 - Xavier Barachet, French handball player
1988 – Patrick Kane, American NHL ice hockey right winger for the Chicago Blackhawks
1989 - Roman Sergeyevich Trofimov, Russian ski jumper
1989 - Tyga, American rapper
1992 - Tove Styrke, Swedish singer-songwriter
1993 - Suso, Spanish footballer
1994 - Ibrahima Mbaye, Senegalese footballer
1997 - McCaughey septuplets
1999 - Evgenia Medvedeva, Russian figure skater
2002 - Gaia Cauchi, Maltese singer
496 - Pope Gelasius I
1478 - Emperor Baeda Maryam of Ethiopia (b. 1448)
1481 – Anne Mowbray, 8th Countess of Norfolk (b. 1472)
1492 – Jami, Persian poet (b. 1414)
1557 - Bona Sforza, Queen of Poland (b. 1494)
1577 - Matsunaga Hisahide, Japanese Shogun (b. 1510)
1581 – Ivan Ivanovich, son of Ivan IV of Russia (b. 1554)
1665 – Nicolas Poussin, French painter (b. 1594)
1703 – The Man in the Iron Mask, French prisoner whose identity is unknown
1772 - William Nelson, Colonial Governor of Virginia (b. 1711)
1785 - Bernard de Bury, French composer (b. 1720)
1798 - Wolfe Tone, Irish general (b. 1763)
1804 - Pietro Guglielmi, Italian composer (b. 1728)
1822 - Johann Georg Tralles, German mathematician and physicist (b. 1763)
1828 – Franz Schubert, Austrian composer (b. 1797)
1850 - Richard Mentor Johnson, Vice President of the United States (b. 1780)
1863 – John O'Meally, Australian bushranger (b. 1841)
1883 - Carl Wilhelm Siemens, German-English engineer (b. 1823)
1887 – Emma Lazarus, American poet (b. 1849)
1918 – Joseph F. Smith, American Mormon leader (b. 1838)
1924 - Thomas H. Ince, American actor, director, screenwriter and producer (b. 1882)
1931 - Xu Zhimo, Chinese poet (b. 1897)
1938 - Lev Shestov, Russian philosopher (b. 1866)
1943 - Miyagiyama Fukumatsu, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1895)
1958 - Vittorio Ambrosio, Italian general (b. 1879)
1959 - Joseph Charbonneau, Canadian archbishop (b. 1892)
1962 - Grigol Robakidze, Georgian writer (b. 1882)
1963 - Carmen Amaya, Spanish dancer and singer (b. 1918)
1970 - Andrey Yeryomenko, Soviet-Russian military (b. 1892)
1975 - Roger D. Branigan, 42nd Governor of Indiana (b. 1902)
1976 – Basil Spence, English architect (b. 1907)
1983 – Tom Evans, English musician (b. 1947)
1988 - Christina Onassis, American-Greek businesswoman (b. 1950)
1990 - Sun Li-jen, Chinese general (b. 1900)
1992 - Bobby Russell, American songwriter (b. 1941)
1992 – Diane Varsi, American actress (b. 1938)
1998 - Alan J. Pakula, American director, producer and screenwriter (b. 1928)
2004 – John Vane, English pharmacologist (b. 1927)
2004 - Piet Esser, Dutch sculptor (b. 1914)
2005 – Erik Balling, Danish movie director (b. 1924)
2011 - Basil D'Oliveira, South African-born English cricketer (b. 1931)
2012 - Pete LaRoca, American jazz musician (b. 1938)
2012 - Boris Strugatsky, Russian author (b. 1923)
2013 - Frederick Sanger, British biochemist, two-time Nobel Prize winner (b. 1918)
2014 - Otieno Kajwang, Kenyan politician (b. 1959)
2014 - Gholam Hossein Mazloumi, Iranian footballer (b. 1950)
2014 - Mike Nichols, German-born American television, stage and movie director (b. 1931)
2014 - Richard A. Jensen, American theologian (b. 1934)
2015 - Armand, Dutch protest singer (b. 1946)
2015 - Allen E. Ertel, American politician (b. 1937)
2017 - Andrea Cordero Lanza di Montezemolo, Italian cardinal (b. 1925)
2017 - Alex Ifeanyichukwu Ekwueme, Vice president of Nigeria (b. 1932)
2017 - Fernando Matthei, Chilean air force general (b. 1925)
2017 - Warren "Pete" Moore, American singer-songwriter and record producer (b. 1938)
2017 - Jana Novotná, Czech tennis player (b. 1968)
2017 - Della Reese, American actress and singer (b. 1931)
2017 - Tai Chen-yao, Taiwanese politician (b. 1948)
2017 - Mel Tillis, American country singer (b. 1932)
2017 - Charles Manson, American cult leader (b. 1934)
2018 - Apisai Ielemia, 10th Prime minister of Tuvalu (b. 1955)
2018 - Alí Rodríguez Araque, Venezuelan politician (b. 1937)
2019 - José Mário Branco, Portuguese singer-songwriter, actor and record producer (b. 1942)
2019 - Purita Campos, Spanish cartoonist, illustrator and painter (b. 1937)
2019 - Basil Feldman, Baron Feldman, British politician and businessman (b. 1923)
2019 - D. M. Jayaratne, Sri Lankan politician, Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (b. 1931)
2019 - Tom Lyle, American comics artist and illustrator (b. 1953)
2019 - Fazlollah Reza, Iranian politician (b. 1915)
Brazil – Flag Day
Mali – Liberation Day
Puerto Rico – Discovery of Puerto Rico (1493)
Norway – The Liberation of the Sami people of the coast
Monaco – National holiday
International Men's Day
World Toilet Day (See also: World Toilet Organization)
1041 – Empress Zoe of Byzantium elevates her adoptive son to the throne of the Eastern Roman Empire as Michael V.
1508 – The League of Cambrai is formed by Pope Julius II, Louis XII of France, Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor and Ferdinand II of Aragon as an alliance against Venice.
1510 - Portuguese conquest of Goa: Portuguese naval forces under the command of Afonso de Albuquerque, and local mercenaries working for privateer Timoji, seize Goa from the Bijapur Sultanate, resulting in 451 years of Portuguese colonial rule.
1520 – Martin Luther burns his copy of the papal bull Exsurge Domine outside Wittenberg's Elster Gate.
1684 – Isaac Newton's derivation of Kepler's laws from his theory of gravity, contained in the paper De motu corporum in gyrum, is read to the Royal Society by Edmund Halley.
1799 - France adopts the meter as its official unit of length.
1817 – Mississippi becomes the 20th U.S. state.
1836 – Emory College (now Emory University) is chartered in Oxford, Georgia.
1848 - Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, later Napoleon III of France, is elected President of France.
1861 - American Civil War: The Confederate States of America accept a rival state's pronouncement that declares Kentucky to be the 13th State of the Confederacy.
1864 – American Civil War: Sherman's March to the Sea - Major General William T. Sherman's Union Army troops reach Savannah, Georgia.
1868 – The first traffic lights are installed outside the Houses of Parliament in London.
Resembling railway signals,  they use semaphore arms and are illuminated at night by red and green gas lamps.
1869 – Wyoming grants women the right to vote.
1884 - Mark Twain's Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is first published.
1890 - In New York City, the New York World Building is completed.
1896 - Alfred Nobel dies.
From 1901, Nobel Prizes are given on this day in his memory.
1898 – Spanish-American War: The Treaty of Paris is signed, officially ending the conflict.
1901 – The first Nobel Prizes are given.
1904 – The Pi Kappa Phi fraternity is founded in Charleston, South Carolina.
1906 – U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt wins the Nobel Peace Prize, becoming the first American to win a Nobel Prize of any kind.
1927 - The phrase Grand Ole Opry is used for the first time.
1932 – Thailand's Constitution is written, forming a constitutional monarchy.
1936 – Abdication Crisis: Edward VIII of the United Kingdom signs his Instrument of Abdication.
1941 – World War II: Sinking of Prince of Wales and Repulse – The Royal Navy ships HMS Prince of Wales and HMS Repulse are sunk by Imperial Japanese Navy torpedo bombers.
1941 – World War II: Battle of the Philippines – Imperial Japanese forces under the command of General Masaharu Homma land on the Philippine mainland.
1948 – The UN General Assembly adopts the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
1949 – Chinese Civil War: The People's Liberation Army begins its siege of Chengdu, the last Kuomintang-held city in mainland China, forcing President of the Republic of China Chiang Kai-shek and his government to retreat to Taiwan.
1953 – Dr. Albert Schweitzer is given the Nobel Peace Prize for his humanitarian work.
1963 – The United States Air Force's X-20 Dyna-Soar spaceplane program is cancelled by Robert McNamara.
1965 – The Grateful Dead play their first concert, at the Fillmore in San Francisco.
1968 - Japan's biggest heist, the still-unsolved 300-Yen robbery, is carried out in Tokyo.
1970 –  Agricultural scientist Norman Borlaug, "father of the Green Revolution", is given the Nobel Peace Prize.
1975 – Activist Andrei Sakharov is given the Nobel Peace Prize, accepted by his wife, Yelena Bonner.
1978 – Arab-Israeli conflict: Prime Minister of Israel Menachem Begin and President of Egypt Anwar Sadat are jointly given the Nobel Peace Prize.
1979 - Kaohsiung Incident: Taiwanese pro-democracy demonstrations are suppressed by the KMT dictatorship and organizers are arrested.
1983 – Solidarity leader Lech Wałęsa is given the Nobel Peace Prize, accepted by his wife, Danuta.
1983 – Raul Alfonsin becomes President of Argentina, ending a period of dictatorship.
1984 – Apartheid: Cleric and activist Desmond Tutu is given the Nobel Peace Prize.
1986 – The Holocaust: Elie Wiesel is given the Nobel Peace Prize.
1989 - Mongolian Revolution: At the country's first open pro-democracy demonstration, Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj announces the creation of the Mongolia Democratic Union.
1996 – Rwandan Genocide: Military Advisor to the United Nations Secretary-General and head of the Military Division of the Department of Peacekeeping Operations of the United Nations Maurice Baril recommends that the UN multi-national forces in Zaire stand down.
1997 – Kazakhstan's capital city Akmola changes its name to Astana.
1998 – Capital punishment is abolished in Bulgaria.
2002 – The High Court of Australia hands down its judgement in the internet defamation case of Gutnick v Dow Jones.
2004 – A tombstone commemorating the 35th anniversary of the death of Brazilian guerrilla Carlos Marighella is inaugurated in Salvador, Bahia.
2004 – Anil Kumble becomes India's highest wicket-taker, surpassing  Kapil Dev's total of 435.
2005 – Sosoliso Airlines Flight 1145 crashes near Port Harcourt, Nigeria, killing 108 people.
2 survive.
2007 - Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner becomes the first female President of Argentina.
2010 - Nobel Peace Prize winner Liu Xiaobo is unable to attend the ceremony in Oslo due to imprisonment.
2013 - A memorial service for Nelson Mandela is held in Johannesburg.
2014 - Receiving the Nobel Peace Prize, Malala Yousafzai becomes the youngest person ever to receive a Nobel Prize, doing so with Indian activist Kailash Satyarthi.
2015 - Mauricio Macri becomes President of Argentina.
2016 - A church collapses in south-eastern Nigeria, killing over 100 people.
2016 - Two bombs explode in Istanbul, killing 38 people.
2019 - A shooting in Ostrava, Czech Republic, kills 6 people.
2019 - Alberto Fernández becomes President of Argentina.
2019 - Sanna Marin becomes Prime Minister of Finland; she is the world's youngest political leader at the time she takes office, at age 34.
1394 – King James I of Scotland (d. 1437)
1538 – Giovanni Battista Guarini, Italian poet (d. 1612)
1588 - Isaac Beeckman, Dutch scientist and philosopher (d. 1637)
1699 – King Christian VI of Denmark (d. 1746)
1751 - George Shaw, English botanist and zoologist (d. 1813)
1787 - Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet, American educator (d. 1851)
1804 – Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi, German mathematician (d. 1851)
1805 - Joseph Skoda, Czech physician (d. 1881)
1810 - Abraham K. Allison, American politician, 6th Governor of Florida (d. 1893)
1815 – Ada Lovelace, English mathematician (d. 1852)
1821 - Nikolay Nekrasov, Russian poet and critic (d. 1877)
1822 – César Franck, French composer (d. 1890)
1824 - George MacDonald, Scottish minister, author and poet (d. 1905)
1827 - Eugene O'Keefe, Canadian businessman and philanthropist (d. 1913)
1830 – Emily Dickinson, American poet (d. 1886)
1841 - Joseph Henry Blackburne, English chess player (d. 1924)
1845 - Wilhelm von Bode, German art historian (d. 1929)
1851 - Melvin Dewey, American librarian and educator (d. 1931)
1861 - Daisy Greville, English courtesan (d. 1938)
1866 - Louis Bolk, Dutch biologist and anatomist (d. 1930)
1870 – Mary Bonaparte, pretender to France's Imperial throne (d. 1947)
1870 – Adolf Loos, Austrian architect (d. 1933)
1878 – Rajaji, Indian independence fighter (d. 1972)
1880 – Fred Immler, German actor (d. 1965)
1882 - Otto Neurath, Austrian sociologist and philosopher (d. 1945)
1882 - Shigenori Togo, Japanese politician (d. 1950)
1882 - Louis Wilkins, American pole vaulter (d. 1950)
1886 - Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis, English field marshal, 17th Governor General of Canada (d. 1969)
1886 - Annie Bos, Dutch actress (d. 1975)
1886 - Victor McLaglen, English-American boxer and actor (d. 1959)
1890 - Laszlo Bardossy, 33rd Prime Minister of Hungary (d. 1946)
1890 - Boss Johnson, Canadian politician, Premier of British Columbia (d. 1964)
1891 - Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis, English field marshal and politician, 17th Governor General of Canada (d. 1969)
1891 – Nelly Sachs, German writer (d. 1970)
1903 – Una Merkel, American actress (d. 1986)
1903 - Dulce Maria Loynaz, Cuban poet (d. 1997)
1904 - Antonin Novotny, Czechoslovak politician (d. 1975)
1907 – Lucien Laurent, French footballer (d. 2005)
1908 - Olivier Messiaen, French composer and ornithologist (d. 1992)
1908 - Mario Evaristo, Argentine footballer (d. 1993)
1909 - Hermes Pan, American dancer and choreographer (d. 1990)
1913 – Morton Gould, American composer (d. 1996)
1914 - Dorothy Lamour, American actress and singer (d. 1996)
1920 - Clarice Lispector, Ukrainian-Brazilian writer (d. 1977)
1922 - Agnes Nixon, American actress, director and screenwriter (d. 2016)
1923 - Harold Gould, American actor (d. 2010)
1923 – Jorge Semprún, Spanish writer and politician (d. 2011)
1924 – Michael Manley, Prime Minister of Jamaica (d. 1997)
1926 - Mike Haughney, Scottish footballer (d. 2002)
1926 - Guitar Slim, American blues guitarist (d. 1959)
1927 - Harvey Glatman, American serial killer (d. 1959)
1934 – Howard Martin Temin, American geneticist (d. 1994)
1937 - Raphael Maklouf, Israeli-English sculptor
1938 - Yuri Temirkanov, Russian viola player and conductor
1939 - Dave Bavetta, American basketball player and referee
1939 - Barry Cunliffe, English archaeologist and academic
1941 – Kyu Sakamoto, Japanese singer and actor (d. 1985)
1941 - Peter Sarstedt, English singer (d. 2017)
1941 – Fionnula Flanagan, Irish-American actress
1942 - Aritatsu Ogi, Japanese footballer
1942 - Ann Gloag, Scottish businesswoman
1944 - John Birt, Baron Birt, English businessman
1944 - Andris Berzins, 8th President of Latvia
1948 – Abu Abbas, founder of the Palestinian Liberation Organisation (d. 2004)