the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
It's like everybody looking at your unfinished painting.
It's like, 'Wait a minute.
I didn't finish that.
That's not fair."
Recorded at MSR Studios, New York City and Sarm West Studios, Notting Hill, London
Nicki Minaj Appears Courtesy of Young Money Entertainment/Cash Money Records | M.I.A. Appears Courtesy of Interscope Records
Webo Girl Publishing, Inc. (ASCAP), EMI Music Publishing France (SACEM), Money Mack Music/Harajuku Barbie Music, adm.
by Songs of Universal, Inc. (BMI), N.E.E.T. Noise/Imagem Music (PRS)
Madonna – writer, singer and record producer
Martin Solveig – writer, record producer, synths, drums
Nicki Minaj – writer, singer
Maya Arulpragasam – writer, singer
Michael Tordjman – writer
Demacio "Demo" Castellon – recording, mixing
Philippe Weiss – recording assistant
Graham Archer – recording assistant
Jason "Metal" Donkersgoed – additional editing
Jean Baptiste Gaudray – guitars
Angie Teo – mixing assistant
LMFAO – remixing, additional production
Credits and personnel adapted from MDNA album liner notes.
2012 songs
Comiskey Park was a baseball park in Armour Square, Chicago, Illinois.
For more than 80 years, it was the home field of the Major League Baseball team called the Chicago White Sox.
It was opened in the middle of the 1910 baseball season, and closed after the end of the 1990 season.
It was replaced by the park now known as Guaranteed Rate Field, which was built across the street to the south of Comiskey Park.
The old ballpark was made of steel, concrete and bricks.
It was fully destroyed in summer 1991.
1990s disestablishments in Illinois
Trevor Smith, Jr., better known as Busta Rhymes, (born May 20, 1972) is an American rapper and record producer.
His parents are Jamaican.
He has performed with many pop groups, such as the Pussycat Dolls.
He has carried numerous hit singles in his name.
He is a very successful rapper and singer, and he made a lot of rap and hip hop hits, also he has a special rapping style.
In 1989 Rhymes started a rap group called Leaders of the New School with Charlie Brown, Dinco D, and Cut Monitor Milo.
Their first album was released in 1991 by Elektra Records.
In 1993 the band broke up.
In 1995 Rhymes started making his first solo album, The Coming.
It was released March 26 1996.
When Disaster Strikes..., Rhymes' second album, was released September 16, 1997.
December 15, 1998 E.L.E. (Extinction Level Event): The Final World Front was released.
It was nominated for Best Rap Album, Best Rap Solo Performance and Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group at the Grammy Awards.
Anarchy was released 2000.
It was his last album on Elektra Records.
On October 2 2001 Total Devastation: The Best of Busta Rhymes was released.
In the same month Rhymes released a new album, Genesis.
It Ain't Safe No More... was released November 26 2002.
The album's second single was "I Know What You Want".
The song had Mariah Carey singing in it.
It reached No.3 in the UK Singles Chart.
In 2006 The Big Bang was released.
It was Rhymes' only release on Dr. Dre's Aftermath Entertainment record label.
Rhymes' eighth album, Back on My B.S. was released 2009.
Year of the Dragon was released 2012 for free on Google Play.
Rhymes' next album Extinction Level Event 2 is going to be released in 2014.
Rhymes is a Muslim.
He has four children: three sons, T'Ziah (born 1993), T'Khi (born 1999), Trillian (born 2001), and a daughter, Mariah (born 1998).
was a town in Miyako District, Fukuoka, Japan.
Toyotsu website
Towns in Fukuoka Prefecture
Bloomington, Minnesota is a suburb of Minneapolis, Minnesota and Saint Paul, Minnesota.
It is south from Minneapolis and southwest from St. Paul.
It is the third largest city in Minnesota.
Bloomington is probably best known for being the site of the Mall of America.
Graphology is the study of a person's handwriting, and what it reveals about them.
It has been controversial since its beginning, and many think it is a pseudoscience.
Graphology in linguistics has a different meaning.
There it means the writing system of a language, a parallel term to phonology.
Trent Dilfer (b. March 13, 1972) is an ESPN analyst and former American football quarterback.
He played in the NFL for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers (1993-1999), Baltimore Ravens, (2000), Seattle Seahawks (2001-2004), Cleveland Browns (2005), and San Francisco 49ers (2006-2007).
The only time Dilfer did not play in a season in his career was 2006 with San Francisco.
During his career, Dilfer has been criticized for bad throwing.
He did, however, win Super Bowl XXXV with the Ravens.
He is famous for the conservative offense he was in with the Ravens in 2000, where he replaced Tony Banks.
Rodrick "Rod" Kevin Woodson is a former American Football defensive back.
He played college football for the Purdue Boilermakers.
Woodson was drafted into the National Football League by the Pittsburgh Steelers in 1987.
He has also played for the San Francisco 49ers (1997), Baltimore Ravens (1998-2001), and the Oakland Raiders (2002-2003).
Woodson won Super Bowl XXXV with Baltimore.
Woodson has also been a regular appearance on the NFL Network.
In 2011, the Oakland Raiders signed him as their cornerbacks coach.
That was Woodson's only season as a coach.
Then he went back to being a sports analyst for college and NFL football on radio.
In 2009, Woodson was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in Canton, Ohio.
Woodson's 11 interceptions returned for touchdowns are an NFL record.
Rod Woodson-Spiritus Temporis.com
Rod Woodson: The Steelers, the breakup and his date in Canton-Post Gazette
Tobunken is an Independent Administrative Institution (IAI).
Tobunken was founded in 1930 as the Art Research Institute.
In 1952 Tobunken was reorganized into the Tokyo National Research Institute for Cultural Properties.
A department of restoration techniques was added in 1973 and an archive set up in 1977.
National Research Institute for Cultural Properties website ,
Poaching is the illegal hunting, killing or capturing of animals.
People poach because animal products, such as hide, ivory, horn, teeth and bone, are sold to dealers who make clothes, jewelry and other materials from them.
The poaching causes various effects, its most direct impact is extinction, either globally or within a given locality.
Poachers catch Indian tigers with steel traps.
After trapping a tiger, they kill it and sell the body parts for money.
Like the rhino, the tiger is a very endangered species.
If the killing does not end, they both face extinction (all of that type of animal dies).
Extinction means that someday there may be no Indian tigers or rhinos left on earth.
San Juan Bautista de La Salle (born 30 April 1651 in Reims, France – died 7 April 1719) was a priest and an educational reformer.
He was the creator of the Institute of the Brothers of the Christian Schools.
He was beatified on 19 February 1888 and canonized on 29 May 1900 by Pope Leo XIII.
He had to take the administration of family business after his parents died, so he completed his theological studies and was ordered to the priesthood at the age of 26 on 9 April 1678.
Two years later he received a doctorate in theology.
De La Salle was a pioneer in programs for training lay teachers.
In 1685, he founded what is generally considered the first normal school — that is, a school with the purpose of train teachers — in Rheims, France.
He was a pedagogical thinker of note and is among the founders of distinctively modern pedagogy.
1651 births
Jose Carlos Araujo Nunes (born 1977 in Castelo de Paiva) is a Portuguese footballer who plays for RCD Mallorca.
Before he played in very important teams like: Maia (1997-2001), Salgueiros (2001-2002), Gil Vicente (2002-2004), Sporting de Braga (2004-2006).
In his history he won a lot of awards the best award is the Champions League in his career.
Nunes  is married to a European model and has a nine year old daughter
"California Gurls" is a hit single performed by Katy Perry featuring Snoop Dogg.
The song was released in 2010 and was very popular.
This was the lead single of Teenage Dream, her hit record.
It was No.1 in several countries.
Songs about California
Brooks & Dunn is an American country music duo.
In 1991 the duo had its first number one song on music charts Hot Country Songs and country chart in Canada.
The duo has been active again since 2015.
They were active from 1990 to 2010.
The duo consisted of Kix Brooks and Ronnie Dunn who were originally paired by their record producer Tim DuBois.
The duo won the Country Music Association Vocal Duo of the Year award every year between 1992 and 2006, although they didn't for 2000.
Their two songs "Hard Workin' Man" and "My Maria" won the Grammy Award for Best Country Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal in 1993 and 1996.
They announced that they would be breaking up on August 10, 2010.
"Brand New Man"  (2019)
"It Won't Be Christmas Without You" (2002)
Christian "Flake" Lorenz (born 16 November 1966) is a German musician.
He has been a member of the band Rammstein since the since the band was formed.
He plays synthesizer or keyboard when performing.
Lorenz has been known to smash them at the end of a performance.
An example of this is combustion (burning).
Exothermic reactions transfer energy to the surroundings.
The energy is usually transferred as heat energy, causing the reaction mixture and its surroundings to become hotter.
The temperature increase can be detected using a thermometer.
Some examples of exothermic reactions are:
neutralisation reactions between acids and alkalis
the reaction between water and calcium oxide
see Hermann Muller (disambig) for others with similar names
Müller was an early investigator of coevolution.p27 He was the author in 1873 of Die Befruchtung der Blumen durch Insekten, a book translated at the suggestion of Darwin in 1883 as The fertilisation of flowers.
He and Darwin corresponded—36 letters between the two, or from Darwin concerning Müller, are recorded.
Darwin cited him extensively in The Descent of Man for his information about the behavior of bees.
Hermann was the brother of Fritz Müller,p29 the German doctor who lived in the Amazon and researched its natural history.
This author is usually abbreviated H.Müll.
when citing a botanical name.
Darwin's preface to the English translation of The fertilisation of flowers
was a very old province of Japan in the area of Shimōsa and Kazusa  provinces on the island of Honshū.
Iglesias was born in Madrid.
His mother's name is Mercedes, she works in business management, and his father, Francisco, died when Iglesias was six years old.
Iglesias is an only child.
He attended school at Colegio Cardenal Spínola in Madrid.
Iglesias' first movie was La Pistola de Mi Hermano (1997).
Maxi became famous in 2008 with the series Física o química.
Iglesias has appeared in the following series: Física o química, Hospital central, Amar en tiempos revueltos, Cuentame como paso, Los protegidos and Toledo.
Iglesias appeared in the following movies: La pistola de mi hermano (1997), 8 citas (2008), Mentiras y gordas (2009), After (2009), El diario de Carlota (2010), XP3D (2011) and El secreto de los 24 escalones (2012).
He is appearing in the new TV series Toledo, in the series he plays Martín.
Also is currently dancing as one of the stars in the Univision Spanish show Mira Quien Baila
His hobbies are playing soccer, skiing and playing PlayStation.
Iglesias currently lives in Madrid.
His favorite music is electro-house, he's a DJ, his DJ name is Dj Max.
Maxi is good friends with Luis Lucho Fernández, both have worked together in Los protegidos and in XP3D. He is also good friends with Úrsula Corberó, both have been friends for a long time, they have worked together in XP3D. Maxi's dream is to work with Javier Bardem one day, and achieve an acting career in Hollywood.
was a very old province of Japan, in the area of Hizen and Higo provinces.
was a very old province of Japan in the area as Okayama Prefecture and eastern Hiroshima Prefecture on the island of Honshū.
Paul Rugg is an American screenwriter, producer, and voice actor.
He is the voice of Master Yao in Kung Fu Panda: Legends of Awesomeness.
The Voice of Russia
The Volvo Ocean Race
The Vale of Rheidol Railway in Wales
Science, technology, and aviation
The vestibulo-ocular reflex, an eye movement
Voice-operated recording, see Voice-operated switch
Visual Operating Rules, another term for Visual Flight Rules (VFR)
VOR: The Maelstrom, a wargame
Vor (Star Wars), a race inStar Wars
Russian title of the 1997 film The Thief
VOR, a novel by James Blish
The Vor of Barrayar, the noble families of Barrayar
The goddess Vör in mythology
Vor v zakone, or thief in law, a rank in the Russian Mafia
abbreviation for vorarephilia
"Sun Is Up" is a song by Inna.
Inna is a singer of dance music from Romania.
The song is also a single and the first single from Inna's second album.
The album is called I Am the Club Rocker. "
Sun Is Up" was launched in Romania in August 2010.
In 2011, it was out in UK, France, Germany, etc.
It was a #1 in Switzerland and Bulgaria and a top ten in France and Romania.
The video for the song is in Spain at a hotel and in it, Inna is in love with her photographer.
was a old province of Japan north of the island of Hokkaido.
It included islands which are commonly known as the Kurile Islands or Kurile Islands.
The history of the province started in 1869 and ended in 1882.
The boundaries of this ancient province are generally  mirrored in part of what is today called Nemuro Subprefecture.
After 1869, the northern Japanese island was known as Hokkaido.
Regional subdivisions were established.
Chishima Province was one of the new entities which were created in 1869.
The maps of Japan including Chishima Province were reformed in the 1870s.
1882 disestablishments
Sony Pictures Animation is an American computer-animated movie production company.
It is owned by Sony Pictures Entertainment.
The company was founded in June 1981.
It is working closely with Sony Pictures Imageworks, which takes care of the digital production.
Theatrical releases are distributed by Columbia Pictures, and direct-to-video releases are distributed by Sony Pictures Home Entertainment.
Their first movie Open Season was released on September 29, 2006, it's latest release was The Angry Birds Movie 2 on August 13, 2019, and it's next release being The Mitchells vs. The Machines on April 30, 2021, along with three direct-to-video sequels: Open Season 2 (released on September 24, 2008), Open Season 3 (released on October 21, 2010), and Open Season: Scared Silly (released on November 6, 2015).
The studio's most successful movie to date is The Smurfs.
However, its most critically acclaimed movie is Arthur Christmas, which was co-produced with Aardman Animations.
Kim Wilde (born Kim Smith on 18 November 1960) is a British singer, television presenter, gardener and writer.
She was born in Chiswick, Middlesex.
She is the eldest child of rock musician Marty Wilde.
She had her first hit single, "Kids in America" in 1981.
She also released Kim Wilde, her first album, in 1981.
In 1983 Wilde won Best British Female Solo Artist (UK) at the BRIT Awards.
Wilde released her most recent album Wilde Winter Songbook on 11 November 2013.
It is a Christmas album.
was a old province of Japan on the island of Hokkaido.
Hidaka Province was one of the new entities which were created in 1869.
The maps of Japan including Hidaka Province were reformed in the 1870s.
The murders were done by Irish immigrants William Burke and William Hare.
They sold the corpses of their 17 victims to  Dr Robert Knox.
Knox was a Fellow of the Royal Society, and the Conservator of the Museum of Comparative Anatomy in Edinburgh.
He was a teacher of human anatomy to Edinburgh medical students, so needed bodies for his students to dissect.
The murderer's accomplices included Burke's mistress, Helen McDougal, and Hare's wife, Margaret Laird.
From their method of killing their victims has come the word "burking", meaning to purposefully smother and, more generally, to quietly suppress.
From 1826 to 1840 Knox ran Barclay's anatomy school in Surgeon's Square, Edinburgh.
He was the most popular lecturer on anatomy in Scotland, but his class were always short of bodies to dissect.
Before the Anatomy Act of 1832 widened the supply, the only legal supply of corpses for anatomical purposes in the UK were those condemned to death and dissection by the courts.
This led to a shortage of legitimate subjects for dissection.
The shortage became more serious as the need to train medical students grew, and the number of executions fell.
In his school Knox ran up against the problem from the start, since – after 1815 – the Royal Colleges had increased the study of anatomy in the medical curriculum.
If he taught according to what was known as ‘French method’ the ratio would have had to approach one corpse per pupil.
As a consequence, body-snatching became so common that it was not unusual for relatives and friends of someone who had just died to watch over the body before and after burial, to stop it being taken.
In November 1827 William Hare began a new career when an indebted lodger died on him by chance.
He was paid  £7.10/- (seven pounds & ten shillings) for delivering the body to Knox.
Now Burke and his accomplice Hare set about murdering tramps and drunks on a regular basis.
After 16 more transactions, in what became known as the West Port Murders, on 2 November 1828 Burke and Hare were caught.
The whole city were convulsed with horror, fed by ballads, broadsides and newspapers, at the terrible deeds of Burke & Hare.
Hare turned King's evidence, and Burke was hanged, dissected and displayed.
Burke’s the butcher, Hare’s the thief,Knox, the boy who buys the beef!
Knox was not prosecuted, which outraged many in Edinburgh.
His house was attacked by a mob, and windows were broken.
A committee of the Royal Society of Edinburgh cleared him of blame, but there was no forgetting his part in the case, and many were wary of him.
Discovery and trial
The last victim was Marjory Campbell Docherty.
Burke lured her into the lodging house by claiming that his mother was also a Docherty.
He had to wait to kill her because the lodgers James and Ann Gray were present.
The Grays left for the night and neighbours heard the sounds of a struggle.
The next day Ann Gray, who had returned, became suspicious when Burke would not let her approach a bed where she had left her stockings.
When the Grays were left alone in the house, they checked the bed and found Docherty's body under it.
On their way to alert the police, they ran into McDougal who tried to bribe them with an offer of £10 a week.
Burke and Hare had removed the body from the house before the police arrived.
However, under questioning, Burke claimed that Docherty had left at 7:00 a.m., while McDougal claimed that she had left in the evening.
An anonymous tip-off led them to Knox's classroom where they found Docherty's body, which James Gray identified.
William and Margaret Hare were arrested soon there after.
The murder spree had lasted twelve months.
1820s in the United Kingdom
19th century in Scotland
Kronberger 61, also known as the "soccer ball", is a Nebula discovered by an amateur astronomer in January 2011.
Newer images of this nebula were taken by the Gemini Observatory.
The nebula was discovered by Austrian Mattias Kronberger, a member of the amateur group Deep Sky Hunters.
They found it while searching near the northern constellation of Cygnus.
Australian Aboriginal myths, also known as Dreamtime stories and Songlines, are the stories traditionally performed and told by the indigenous people of Australia.
Each of the language groups across Australia has its own stories.
All the myths explain important features and meanings within each Aboriginal group's local landscape.
They give cultural meaning to the Australian physical landscape.
People who know these stories have access to the wisdom and knowledge of Australian Aboriginal ancestors back beyond the reach of memory.
David Horton wrote in the Encyclopaedia of Aboriginal Australia that:
"A mythic map of Australia would show thousands of characters, varying in their importance, but all in some way connected with the land.
Some emerged at their specific sites and stayed spiritually in that vicinity.
Others came from somewhere else and went somewhere else."
An Australian linguist, R. M. W. Dixon, collected many Aboriginal myths in their original languages.
He discovered some landscape details in myths were the same as scientific discoveries being made about the same landscapes.
For example, on the Atherton Tableland, myths tell of the origins of Lake Eacham, Lake Barrine, and Lake Euramo.
Geologists have dated the volcanic explosions which formed the lakes, and were described by Aboriginal myth tellers, as having happened more than 10,000 years ago.
Pollen fossil sampling from the bottom of the craters agrees with the Aboriginal myth-tellers' story.
When the craters were formed, the  area was eucalyptus forest, not the current wet tropical rain forests.
Dixon said that Aboriginal myths about the origin of the Crater Lakes might be accurate back to 10 000 years ago.
Further investigation by the Australian Heritage Commission led to the Crater Lakes myth being listed on the Register of the National Estate, and included within Australia's World Heritage nomination of the wet tropical forests.
It is an "unparalleled human record of events dating back to the Pleistocene era."
Since then, Dixon has found many similar examples of Australian Aboriginal myths that accurately describe landscapes of an ancient past.
He particularly noted many myths telling of previous sea levels, including:
the Port Phillip myth collected by Robert Russell in 1850, described Port Phillip Bay as once dry land.
The course of the Yarra River was once different, following the Carrum Carrum swamp.
This was an oral history that accurately described a landscape from 10 000 years ago.
the Great Barrier Reef coastline myth collected by Dixon in Yarrabah, south of Cairns, described the coastline which stood at the edge of the current Great Barrier Reef.
It named places now completely covered by the sea This was an oral record that was accurate for the landscape 10 000 years ago.
the Lake Eyre myths collected by J. W. Gregory in 1906, described Central Australia as a fertile, well-watered plains.
The deserts around Lake Eyre were one continuous garden.
This oral story matches geologists' understanding that there was a wet phase to the early Holocene when the lake would have had permanent water.
Aboriginal mythology: Whole of Australia
There are at least 400 Aboriginal groups across Australia.
Each group has its own name, its own language and often their own dialects.
Each group had its own myths, and the words and names of individual myths come these language groups.
The Encyclopaedia of Aboriginal Australia does however note that "One intriguing feature [of Aboriginal Australian mythology] is the mixture of diversity and similarity in myths across the entire continent."
"..they generally describe the journeys of ancestral beings, often giant animals or people, over what began as a featureless domain.
Mountains, rivers, waterholes, animal and plant species, and other natural and cultural resources came into being as a result of events which took place during these Dreamtime journeys.
Their existence in present-day landscapes is seen by many indigenous peoples as confirmation of their creation beliefs.."
"..The routes taken by the Creator Beings in their Dreamtime journeys across land and sea.. link many sacred sites together in a web of Dreamtime tracks criss-crossing the country.
Dreaming tracks can run for hundreds, even thousands of kilometres, from desert to the coast [and] may be shared by peoples in countries through which the tracks pass.."
Australian anthropologists describe Aboriginal myths still being performed across Australia by Aboriginal peoples as having an important social function.
The myths explain the order of their daily lives; helping shape peoples' ideas; and assisting to influence others' behaviour.
Also the performance often adds and "mythologises" historical events in the service of these social purposes in a rapidly changing modern world.
As R.M. W. Dixon writes:
"It is always integral and common.. that the Law (Aboriginal law) is something derived from ancestral peoples or Dreamings and is passed down the generations in a continuous line.
While...entitlements of particular human beings may come and go, the underlying relationships between foundational Dreamings and certain landscapes are theoretically eternal...the entitlements of people to places are usually regarded strongest when those people enjoy a relationship of identity with one or more Dreamings of that place.
This is a central strong feature of Aboriginal identity.
It is more than just a matter of believing.
The Dreaming existed, and continues to exist, while humans are only temporary.
Aboriginal myths across Australia are a kind of unwritten (oral) library.
From this library, Aboriginal people learn about the world and see an Aboriginal 'reality' with concepts and values vastly different from those of western societies:
"Aboriginal people learned from their stories that a society must not be human-centred but rather land centred, otherwise they forget their source and purpose....they are interconnected with the rest of creation, that they as individuals are only temporal in time, and past and future generations must be included in their perception of their purpose in life."
"People come and go but the Land, and stories about the Land, stay.
This is a wisdom that takes lifetimes of listening, observing and experiencing...There is a deep understanding of human nature and the environment...sites hold 'feelings' which cannot be described in physical terms...subtle feelings that resonate through the bodies of these people.. It is only when talking and being with these people that these 'feelings' can truly be appreciated.
This is.. the intangible reality of these people.."
Australia wide myths
In 1926 a British anthropologist, Professor Alfred Radcliffe-Brown, noted many Aboriginal groups across Australia shared versions of a single myth.
The myth told of a powerful, creative, dangerous snake or serpent, usually of enormous size.
This serpent was linked with rainbows, rain, rivers, and deep waterholes.
Radcliffe-Brown used the words "Rainbow Serpent" to describe this common, recurring myth.
He listed the different names used across Australia for this "Rainbow Serpent":
Kanmare (Boulia, Queensland)
Tulloun: (Mount Isa, Queensland)
Andrenjinyi (Pennefather River, Queensland)
Takkan (Maryborough, Queensland)
Targan (Brisbane, Queensland)
Kurreah (Broken Hill, New South Wales)
Wawi (Riverina, New South Wales)
Neitee & Yeutta (Wilcannia, New South Wales)
Myndie (Melbourne, Victoria)
Bunyip (Western Victoria)
Arkaroo (Flinders Ranges, South Australia)
Wogal (Perth, Western Australia)
Wanamangura (Laverton, Western Australia)
Kajura (Carnarvon, Western Australia)
Numereji (Kakadu, Northern Territory).
This 'Rainbow Serpent', a snake of enormous size, lives in the deepest waterholes.
It came from a larger being which can be seen as a dark streak in the Milky Way.
It shows itself to people in this world as a rainbow as it moves through water and rain, shaping landscapes, naming and singing of places, swallowing and sometimes drowning people; strengthening the knowledgeable with rainmaking and healing powers; blighting others with sores, weakness, illness, and death.
Even Australia's 'Bunyip' was identified as a 'Rainbow Serpent' myth of the above kind.
The words used by Radcliffe-Brown are now commonly used by government agencies, museums, art galleries, Aboriginal organisations and the media to refer to Australian Aboriginal myth specifically, and as a shorthand term for Australian Aboriginal mythology generally.
Captain Cook myths
Another myth found across Australia is about a person who arrives from the sea.
This person, usually from England, either offers gifts or brings great harm.
The person is most often called 'Captain Cook', and portrayed as a villain.
The Aboriginal myths about 'Captain Cook' are not oral history.
They are not part of James Cook's exploration of the east coast of Australia in 1770.
Aboriginal people did meet with Cook, especially during his seven-week stay on the Endeavour River.
The Guugu Yimidhirr people may remember these meetings.
The Australia wide Captain Cook myth, however, tells of a symbolic British character who arrives from across the oceans sometime after the Aboriginal world was formed and the original social order founded.
This Captain Cook signals dramatic changes in the social order, into which present-day Aborigines have been born.
Batemans Bay, New South Wales: Percy Mumbulla told of Captain Cook's arriving on a large ship which anchored at Snapper Island.
He gave people clothes (to wear) and hard biscuits (to eat).
Then he went back to his ship and sailed away.
Mumbulla told how his ancestors rejected Captain Cook's gifts, throwing them into the sea.
Cardwell, Queensland: Chloe Grant and Rosie Runaway told of how Captain Cook and his group seemed to stand up out of the sea.
With white skin they were thought to be ancestral spirits, coming back to their descendants.
Captain Cook arrived first offering a pipe and tobacco to smoke (which was dismissed as a 'burning thing.. stuck in his mouth'), then boiling a billy of tea (which was dismissed as scalding 'dirty water'), next baking flour on the coals (which was rejected as smelling 'stale' and thrown away untasted), finally boiling beef (which smelled well, and tasted okay, once the salty skin was wiped off).
Captain Cook and group then left, sailing away to the north, leaving Chloe Grant and Rosie Runaway's ancestors beating the ground with their fists, fearfully sorry to see the spirits of their ancestors leave in this way.
South-eastern side of the Gulf of Carpentaria, Queensland: Rolly Gilbert told of how Captain Cook and others sailed the oceans in a boat, and decided to come to see Australia.
Cook met a couple of Rolly's ancestors whom he was going to shoot.
Instead he tricked them into showing him the local population's main camping area, after which they:
"set up the people [cattle industry] to go down the countryside and shoot people down, just like animal, they left them lying there for the hawks and crows...So a lot of old people and young people were struck by the head with the end of a gun and left there.
They wanted to get the people wiped out because Europeans in Queensland had to run their stock: horses and cattle."
Victoria River (Northern Territory): it is told in a Captain Cook myth that Captain Cook sailed from London to Sydney to get land.
He landed bullocks and men with firearms, following which local Aboriginal peoples in the Sydney area were killed.
Captain Cook made his way to Darwin, where he sent armed horsemen to hunt down the Aborigines in the Victoria River country.
He set up the city of Darwin gave police and cattle station managers orders on how to treat Aborigines.
Kimberley (Western Australia): Many Aboriginal myth-tellers say that Captain Cook is a European culture hero who landed in Australia.
Using gunpowder, he set an example for the treatment of Aboriginal peoples throughout Australia, including the Kimberley.
On returning to his home, he claimed he had not seen any Aboriginal peoples, and said that the country was a vast and empty land which settlers could come and claim for themselves.
In this myth, Captain Cook introduced 'Cook's Law', upon which the settlers rely.
The Aboriginals say that this is a recent, unjust and false law compared to Aboriginal law.
Examples of myths
Murrinh-Patha people
The Murrinh-Patha people live in the saltwater country inland from the town of Wadeye.
They describe a Dreamtime in their myths which anthropologists believe is a religious belief but different from most of the world's other religious beliefs.
The Murrinh-patha have a oneness of thought, belief, and expression without equal in Christianity.
They see all parts of their lives, thoughts and culture as being influenced by their Dreaming.
They do not see a difference between spiritual or material things.
There is no difference between things that are sacred and things that are not.
All life is  'sacred', all conduct has 'moral' results.
All life's meaning comes out of this eternal, everpresent Dreaming.
"The sacred is everywhere within the physical landscape.
Myths and mythic tracks cross over.. thousands of miles, and every particular form and feature of the terrain has a well-developed 'story' behind it."
This Murrinh-patha mythology is based on a view of life that believes life is "...a joyous thing with maggots at its centre.".
Life is good and caring, but during life's journey, there are many painful sufferings that each person must come to understand and live through as he grows.
This is the message being told within the Murrinh-patha myths.
It is this philosophy that gives Murrinh-patha people reason and meaning in life.
"A woman, Mutjinga (the 'Old Woman'), was in charge of young children, but instead of watching out for them during their parents' absence, she swallowed them and tried to escape as a giant snake.
The people followed her, spearing her and removing the undigested children from the body."
Within the myth and in its performance, young children must first be swallowed by an ancestral being who changes into a giant snake.
The children are then vomited up before being accepted as young adults with all the rights and benefits of young adults.
Pintupi people
The Pintupi peoples from Australia's Gibson Desert region have a mostly 'mythic' form of understanding their identity, All events happen and are explained by the social structures and rules told of, sung about, and performed within their superhuman mythology.
That is, the structures of society come from the myths, not from their own political actions, decisions or influences of local individuals.
Within this Pintupi view of the world, three long geographical tracks of named places control and guide society.
They are interrelated strings of important places named and created by mythic characters on their way through the Pintupi desert region during the Dreaming.
It is a complex mythology of stories, songs and ceremonies known to the Pintupi as Tingarri.
It is most completely told and performed by Pintupi peoples at larger gatherings within Pintupi country.
Beckett, J. (1994) "Aboriginal Histories, Aboriginal Myths: an Introduction", Oceania, Volume 65.
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127–140
Elkin, A. P. (1938) Studies in Australian Totemism.
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Old Man Fog and the Last Aborigines of Barrow Point, Crawford House Publishing, Bathurst.
Hiatt, L. (1975) Australian Aboriginal Mythology: Essays in Honour of W. E. H. Stanner, Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies.
Horton, David (1994) The Encyclopedia of Aboriginal Australia: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander History, Society, and Culture, Aboriginal Studies Press.
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Australian Dreaming: 40,000 Years of Aboriginal History, Lansdowne Press, Sydney,
Koepping, Klaus-Peter (1981) "Religion in Aboriginal Australia", Religion, Volume 11.
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Maddock, K. (1988).
"Myth, History and a Sense of Oneself."
In Beckett, J. R. (ed) Past and Present: The Construction of Aboriginality.
Aboriginal Studies Press.
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Morphy, H. (1992) Ancestral Connections.. University of Chicago Press.
Mountford, C. P. (1985) The Dreamtime Book: Australian Aboriginal Myths Louis Braille Productions
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Radcliffe-Brown, A. R. (1926) "The Rainbow-Serpent Myth of Australia" The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Roth, W. E. 1897.
Reprint: Facsimile Edition, Hesperian Press, Victoria Park, W. A., 1984.
Rumsey, Allen (1994)  "The Dreaming, human agency and inscriptive practice".
Volume 65, Number 2.
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Smith, W. Ramsay (1932) Myths and Legends of the Australian Aborigines.
Farrar & Rinehart, New York, reprinted by Dover, 2003, excerpts available on Google Books.
Sutton, P. (1988)  "Myth as History, History as Myth".
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Australian Broadcasting Commission (ABC)Online Display for 'Aboriginal Relationships to Country'
Ngadjon jii -Earthwatch Web Page
Steve Bisciotti (born April 10, 1960 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA) is a Baltimore businessman.
In 2004, he became the majority owner of the Baltimore Ravens.
He bought the team in 2004 from previous owner Art Modell.
He owns a business that works with technology and computers.
Businesspeople from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
This meeting of the Group of Eight (G8) was the 34th meeting in a series which began in 1976.
The G8 and the summit are part of a "consultative process and not an international organization".
The meeting took place in Japan at  on the northern island of Hokkaidō.
The international group of leaders met from July 7–9, 2008.
Core participants
Invited leaders
Brazil Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, President.
China Hu Jintao, President.
India Manmohan Singh, Prime Minister.
Mexico Felipe Calderón, President.
South Africa Thabo Mbeki, President.
Other leaders
Algeria Abdelaziz Bouteflika, President.
Australia  Kevin Rudd, Prime Minister.
Ethiopia Meles Zenawi, Prime Minister.
Ghana John Agyekum Kufuor, President.
Indonesia Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, President.
Nigeria Umaru Yar'Adua, President.
Senegal Abdoulaye Wade, President.
South Korea Lee Myung-bak, President.
Tanzania Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete, President.
Heads of international organizations
African Union Jean Ping, AU Commission Chairman Jakaya Kikwete, AU Chairman.
Commonwealth of Independent States Sergei Lebedev, Executive Secretary
International Atomic Energy Agency Mohamed ElBaradei, Director General
International Energy Agency Nobuo Tanaka, Executive Director
United Nations Ban Ki-moon, Secretary-General.
UNESCO Koichiro Matsuura, Director General
World Bank Robert Zoellick, President.
World Health Organization Margaret Chan, Director-General
World Trade Organization  Pascal Lamy, Director-General
Hokkaido Toyako Summit
University of Toronto: G8 Information Centre
Parliament.uk, Graphic shows G8 in context
Carol Banawa (born March 4, 1981) is a Filipino singer.
Her album Carol had a hit and was certified gold.
Her three other albums, Carol: Repackaged, Transition, and Follow Your Heart was certified platinum.
Her album, My Music, My Life was released in 2010, under Black Bird Records.
She was also a part of Star Magic Batch 4 alumni.
In 2011, she won in ASAP Pop Viewers Choice 2011 for "POP MOVIE THEMESONG" after singing the official theme song of the Filipino movie Till My Heartaches End.
The 26th G8 Summit  was a meeting in 2000 for the leaders of Canada, the European Commission, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States.
This meeting of the Group of Eight (G8) was the 26th meeting in a series which began in 1976.
The meeting took place in Japan at Naha on the sothern island of Okinawa.
The international group of leaders were together from July 21-23, 2000.
Okinawa Summit 2000
Kyushu-Okinawa Summit 2000 documents, photos
2000 in Asia
Throw Momma from the Train is a 1987 American black comedy movie.
It was inspired by Strangers on a Train, which also plays a role in the movie.
The movie's title comes from "Mama From the Train," written by Irving Gordon and sung by Patti Page.
It stars Danny DeVito (who also directed), Tom Hanks, Anne Ramsey, Kim Greist, Rob Reiner, Branford Marsalis, and Kate Mulgrew, with a cameo appearance from Oprah Winfrey.
The movie received mixed to positive reviews, but it was a commercial success.
Anne Ramsey was singled out for praise for her portrayal of Mrs. Lift; she got an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress.
Danny DeVito as Owen Lift, the main character.
He is a student at Larry's college, as well as also being his friend.
Throughout the movie, he tries to kill his mother in many different ways, but in the end, he decides not to kill her after all.
Tom Hanks as Larry Donner.
He is Owen's best friend.
Anne Ramsey as Mrs. Lift, also known as Momma.
She is the antagonist of the movie.
Kim Greist as Beth, Larry's new girlfriend.
Kate Mulgrew as Margaret Donner, Larry's ex-wife.
Larry hates her with a passion and wishes her dead, and Owen tries to kill her by pushing her overboard, but it is later revealed that she was rescued is marrying someone else.
Branford Marsalis as Lester
Rob Reiner as Joel, Larry's agent
Bruce Kirby as Detective DeBenedetto
Oprah Winfrey as Herself
Farley Granger as Guy Haines (archive footage)
Robert Walker as Bruno Anthony (archive footage)
1987 crime movies
Movies directed by Danny DeVito
Anne Ramsey (March 27, 1929 – August 11, 1988) was an American stage, television, and movie actress.
She is probably most famous for her roles as Mama Fratelli in The Goonies and Momma in Throw Momma from the Train.
Her somewhat slurred speech was caused in part from having had some of her tongue and her jaw removed during surgery for esophageal cancer in 1984.
In 1988, her cancer came back, and she died in August at the Motion Picture & Television Country House and Hospital in Woodland Hills, California.
Golden Sun () is a fantasy handheld role-playing video game series.
The three games in the series are Golden Sun, Golden Sun: the Lost Age and Golden Sun: Dark Dawn.
They were released in North American in 2001, 2003 and 2010.
The series' is based on Alchemy.
In the first game, young Adept (means who can control Alchemy) Isaac and his friends travel to stop Alchemy from returning to the world.
But in the second book, players' task is let the Alchemy return the world.
30 years later, the first two games character's children start a new adventure.
Golden Sun and Golden Sun: the Lost Age are both in IGN's Readers Choice Top 100 games.
The international group of leaders were together in Japan from July 7-9, 1993.
The meetings were held at the State Guesthouse (Akasaka Palace) in Tokyo.
The G8 and the summit are part of a consultation process.
The G8 is not an international organization.
It is an informal group.
Strengthening the UN
Regional problems
Strengthening efforts related to nuclear nonproliferation
The group of leaders called for an "international agreement" to "protect forests."
There is little evidence of follow-up.
List of G8 summits
20th century in Tokyo
The international group of leaders were together in Japan from May 4-6, 1986.
The G7 leaders agreed to work together to improve policy coordination.
There was a decision to establish a meeting of finance ministers.
1986 in Asia
1980s in Japan
The 5th G7 summit  was a meeting in 1979 for the leaders of Canada, the European Commission, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States.
The international group of leaders were together in Japan June 28-29.
The Marvelettes was an American singing group that were active from 1960 to 1972.
Members of the group were Gladys Horton, Katherine Anderson, Wanda Rogers, Anne Bogan, Georgeanna Tillman, Wyanetta Cowart and Georgia Dobbins.
They are probably best known for their #1 hit, "Please Mr. Postman".
They were inducted into the Vocal Group Hall of Fame in 2004 and were inducted into the Michigan Rock and Roll Legends Hall of Fame in 2007.
The group has received several honors, including the Vocal Group Hall of Fame and the Pioneer Award from the Rhythm and Blues Foundation.
In 2005, two of the group's most successful recordings, "Please Mr. Postman" and "Don't Mess with Bill" earned million-selling Gold singles from the RIAA.
In 2012, the Marvelettes were nominated for 2013 induction to the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame.
Other notable recordings were "Playboy", "Beechwood 4-5789", "Danger!
Heartbreak Dead Ahead", "The Hunter Gets Captured by the Game", "When You're Young and in Love".
The Marvelettes Vocal Group Hall of Fame profile
John Ramsay, 1st Lord Bothwell (born about 1464, died 1513) was a Scottish lord.
In Parliament on 24 February 1484, James III of Scotland gave him the barony (title) of Bothwell.
He forfeited the title on 8 October 1488 and became Sir John Ramsay of Trarinzeane.
The Dieppe Raid is also known as the Battle of Dieppe, Operation Rutter and, later,  Operation Jubilee.
It was a Second World War Allied attack on the German-occupied port of Dieppe.
The attack took place on the northern coast of France on 19 August 1942.
The attack began at 5:00 a.m. and by 10:50 a.m. the Allied commanders had to call a retreat.
Over 6,000 infantrymen, mostly Canadian, were supported by a Canadian Armoured regiment.
They were also helped by a strong force of Royal Navy and smaller Royal Air Force group.
The goal was to capture a major port for a short period and to gather information.
Upon retreat, the Allies also wanted to destroy coastal defences, port structures and important buildings.
The raid was also intended to improve morale and demonstrate the commitment of the United Kingdom to attack a Western front in Europe.
None of these goals were achieved.
There was not enough Allied artillery support.
The troops were trapped on the beach by obstacles and German gunfire.
After less than 10 hours since the first landings, the last Allied troops had all been either killed, evacuated, or captured by the Germans.
Instead of showing the British commitment, the terrible number of Allied deaths showed that the Allies were not ready to invade France for a long time.
The attack did help the Allies to gather some information.
A total of 3,623 of the 6,086 men (almost 60%) who went ashore were either killed, wounded, or captured.
The Royal Air Force did not get the Luftwaffe to start a battle.
The RAF lost 96 aircraft (at least 32 to being shot down or accidents), compared to 48 lost by the Luftwaffe.
The Royal Navy lost 33 landing craft and one destroyer.
The events at Dieppe affected the plans for the North African (Operation Torch) and Normandy landings (Operation Overlord).
The British decided the Dieppe attack could be planned within a month.
They were very careful to keep the attack secret.
No records were kept of the plans.
After the evacuation of the British Expeditionary Forces from Dunkirk in May 1940, the British started to plan an attack force.
It would use new ways of doing sea landings on beaches (amphibious warfare).
The British started planning was to see if they could capture a port.
This would allow them to test out how to use ships in the attack.
It would also allow them to test new equipment.
Dieppe, a coastal town in France, is built along a long cliff by the English Channel.
In 1942, the Germans set up two large artillery batteries at Berneval-le-Grand and Varengeville.
One important consideration for the British planners was that Dieppe was within range of the Royal Air Force's fighter aircraft.
There was also pressure from the Soviet government to attack the Germans in Western Europe.
By early 1942, The Wehrmacht's Operation Barbarossa attacks did not destroy the Soviet Union.
However, the Germans moved into southern Soviet territory, pushing toward Stalingrad.
Joseph Stalin demanded that the Allies attack in France to force the Germans to move  40 divisions away from the Eastern Front.
This would make the fighting less hard for the Red Army.
The attacking force would consist of  5,000 Canadians, 1,000 British troops, and 50 United States Rangers.
It was originally planned in April 1942 and code named Operation Rutter.
The Allies planned to do a major attack on a German-held port on the French coast and to hold it for two tides.
They would destroy enemy buildings and defences before withdrawing.
This plan was approved in May 1942.
It included British parachute units attacking German artillery batteries.
The Canadians would land on the beaches and attack.
The parachute operation was cancelled and instead No.
3 Commando and No.