the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
1983  Nenad Krstic, Serbian basketball player
1985  Nelson Piquet, Jr., Brazilian racing driver
1985  James Lafferty, American actor
1985  Hugo Rodallega, Colombian footballer
1986  Hulk, Brazilian footballer
1986  Barbara Meier, German model
1986  Robert Dietrich, German ice hockey player (d. 2011)
1987  Michael Welch, American actor
1988  Anthony Stokes, Irish footballer
1988  Paulinho, Brazilian footballer
1988  Heather Marks, Canadian model
1990  Wakaso Mubarak, Ghanaian footballer
1991  Toni Duggan, English footballer
2000  Preston Bailey, American actor
2000  Ellie Soutter, English snowboarder (d. 2018)
306  Constantius Chlorus, Roman Emperor (b. 250)
1034  Constance of Arles, Queen of France (b. 986)
1195  Herrad of Landsberg, German abbess and writer
1409  King Martin I of Sicily (b. 1374)
1471  Thomas a Kempis, choir master and mystic (b. 1380)
1492  Pope Innocent VIII (b. 1432)
1564  Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1503)
1572  Isaac Luria, Ottoman rabbi and mystic (b. 1534)
1608  Pomporio Nenna, Italian composer (b. 1556)
1790  Johann Bernhard Basedow, German theologian, writer and philanthropist (b. 1724)
1790  William Livingston, American politician, 1st Governor of New Jersey (b. 1723)
1794  André Chénier, Greek-French poet (b. 1762)
1794  Jean-Antoine Roucher, French poet (b. 1745)
1794  Friedrich von der Trenck, Prussian aristocrat and adventurer (b. 1726)
1826  Kondraty Ryleyev, Russian poet and revolutionary (b. 1795)
1831  Maria Agati Szymanowska, Polish composer and pianist (b. 1789)
1834  Samuel Taylor Coleridge, English poet (b. 1772)
1843  Charles Macintosh, Scottish chemist and inventor (b. 1766)
1846  Louis Bonaparte, King of the Netherlands (b. 1778)
1861  Jonas Furrer, Swiss politician (b. 1805)
1863  El Pipila, Mexican national hero (b. 1782)
1866  Floride Calhoun, 4th Second Lady of the United States (b. 1792)
1887  Henry Mayhew, English writer and journalist (b. 1812)
1899  Niklaus Riggenbach, Swiss engineer (b. 1817)
1934  Engelbert Dollfuss, Chancellor of Austria (b. 1892)
1938  Franz I, Prince of Liechtenstein (b. 1853)
1942  Fred Englehart, American triple jumper (b. 1879)
1945  Malin Craig, American general (b. 1875)
1945  Kurt Gerstein, German military officer (b. 1905)
1962  Nelle Wilson Reagan, mother of Ronald Reagan (b. 1883)
1963  Ugo Cerletti, Italian neurologist (b. 1877)
1969  Otto Dix, German artist (b. 1891)
1973  Louis Stephen St. Laurent, Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1882)
1976  John C. Slater, American physicist and chemist (b. 1900)
1980  Vladimir Vysotsky, Russian singer-songwriter (b. 1938)
1983  Alberto Ginastera, Argentine composer (b. 1916)
1984  Big Mama Thornton, American singer (b. 1926)
1986  Vincente Minnelli, American movie director (b. 1903)
1988  Judith Barsi, American child actress (b. 1978)
1991  Lazar Kaganovich, Soviet politician (b. 1893)
1992  Alfred Drake, American actor and singer (b. 1914)
1993  Nan Grey, American actress (b. 1918)
1995  Charlie Rich, American singer and musician (b. 1932)
1996  Howard Vernon, Swiss actor (b. 1914)
1997  Ben Hogan, American golfer (b. 1912)
2000  Rudi Fassnacht, German football manager (b. 1934)
2002  Abdur Rahman Badawi, Egyptian existentialist philosopher (b. 1917)
2002  Johannes Joachim Degenhardt, German cardinal (b. 1926)
2003  Erik Brann, American singer and guitarist (Iron Butterfly) (b. 1950)
2003  John Schlesinger, English-American actor, director, producer and screenwriter (b. 1926)
2005  Albert Mangelsdorff, German trombonist (b. 1928)
2007  Bernd Jakubowski, German footballer (b. 1952)
2008  Randy Pausch, American professor of Computer Science (b. 1960)
2009  Harry Patch, British supercentenarian and World War I veteran (b. 1898)
2011  Michael Cacoyannis, Cypriot movie director and producer (b. 1922)
2011  Jeret Peterson, American skier (b. 1981)
2013  Mohamed Brahmi, Tunisian political activist (b. 1955)
2013  Bernadette Lafont, French actress (b. 1938)
2013  Walter De Maria, American sculptor (b. 1935)
2014  Bel Kaufman, German-born American teacher and author (b. 1911)
2014  Carlo Bergonzi, Italian tenor (b. 1924)
2015  R. S. Gavai, Indian politician, Governor of Bihar and Kerala (b. 1929)
2016  Tim LaHaye, American Christian minister and author (b. 1926)
2016  Halil Inalcik, Turkish historian (b. 1916)
2016  Jerzy Bahr, Polish diplomat (b. 1944)
2016  Artur Correia, Portuguese footballer (b. 1950)
2016  Bülent Eken, Turkish footballer (b. 1923)
2016  Arundhati Ghose, Indian diplomat (b. 1939)
2016  Tom Peterson, American television personality (b. 1930)
2017  Gretel Bergmann, German-American high jumper (b. 1914)
2017  Michael Johnson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1944)
2017  Barbara Sinatra, American fashion model (b. 1927)
2017  Billy Joe Walker Jr., American musician, record producer and songwriter (b. 1952)
2017  Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu, Australian musician (b. 1971)
2017  Hywel Bennett, Welsh actor (b. 1944)
2018  Vakhtang Balavadze, Georgian freestyle wrestler (b. 1927)
2018  Sergio Marchionne, Italian executive (b. 1952)
2018  Guy Molinari, American politician (b. 1928)
2018  György Szepesi, Hungarian radio presenter, journalist and sports executive (b. 1922)
2018  Ellie Soutter, English snowboarder (b. 2000)
2019  Beji Caid Essebsi, President of Tunisia (b. 1926)
2019  Jesper Juul, Danish writer and therapist (b. 1948)
2019  Jorma Kinnunen, Finnish javelin thrower (b. 1941)
2019  Pierre Péan, French journalist and writer (b. 1938)
Feast of Saint James (Christianity)
National Day of Galicia, Spain
Republic Day (Tunisia)
Commonwealth Constitution Day (Puerto Rico)
A welfare state is where the government has a duty to provide some level of basic support for welfare of its citizens, including Social Security.
In politics, conservatives are against welfare states.
The government provides scholarship to people who do not have as much as most other people in terms of education.
The state may also give homes to people who do not have them particularly who find it difficult to make ends meet due to lack of education.
The state has a system in place to monitor the progress of above such aids.
To make this happen there have to be economical reformation, and the state and organisations who believe that the future is now come together to achieve this.
The state also will aid in tax audits initially to put such a measure in place.
The taxes vary and the pyramid information will be available for such a complex socio-political structure.
A Welfare State could also be paid for if the government borrows money from people, mainly by selling bonds.
It is run by the government which helps the poor and the needy out.
Scholarship scheme at varying levels would be introduced to the school and university pupils so a healthy yet connected growth of youth happens.
Thus a seamless transition happens in a way the future generations stand as self sustaining individuals and contribute back to the state welfare through sense of giving back and also giving forward to their next generation.
Double profit in an investment made for the betterment.
Welfare states
The most known welfare states are Nordic countries.
The United Kingdom, Canada, and France are some other examples of welfare states.
Athlete are an English band from South London.
Their second album is widely regarded as their breakthrough and they have released two singles so far from the album.
Vehicles and Animals – (April 7, 2003)  #19 UK
Tourist – (January 31, 2005) #1 UK
Beyond the Neighbourhood – (September 3, 2007) #5 UK
Organic chemistry is the study of chemical compounds that contain carbon.
Carbon has the ability to form a chemical bond with a wide variety of chemical elements and other carbon atoms.
This allows a nearly unlimited number of combinations, called organic compounds.
The subject of carbon compounds is called organic chemistry because all known organisms, or living things, are made up of water and carbon compounds.
Organic chemistry largely involves the synthesis, or formation, of organic products by chemical reaction using different reactants and reagents, the substances used up during a reaction.
Several different areas of chemistry expand on the concepts and principles of organic chemistry, including biochemistry, microbiology, and medicine.
The term organic originates from Jons Jacob Berzelius, a 19th century Swedish scientist, who used the term to refer to substances present in living things.
During Berzelius’ time, the vital force theory was popular.
This theory stated that a life force was needed to produce the organic compounds found only in living things.
The vital force theory began losing support after an 1828 experiment conducted by Friedrich Wöhler.
His work showed that urea, an organic compound, could be created from ammonium cyanate, an inorganic compound.
The study of hydrocarbons is a very large part of organic chemistry.
Hydrocarbons are molecules containing only the elements carbon and hydrogen in the form of chains.
Hydrocarbons can be classified into two categories based on the presence of a benzene ring, a circular type of hydrocarbon.
Aliphatic hydrocarbons do not contain a benzene ring and aromatic hydrocarbons do.
Organic chemistry reactions happen because electrons are not shared evenly in a chemical bond.
Some atoms or molecules, like oxygen, nitrogen, and negatively charged anions, are nucleophilic because they have extra electrons and want to be around positive charges.
Others, such as H+ and other positively charged cations, are electrophilic and want to be around negative charges.
When an organic molecule has a positive charge, it is called a carbocation.
It is also an electrophile.
When nucleophiles and electrophiles mix, a reaction can occur.
Common reaction mechanisms
A reaction mechanism is a series of smaller reactions that form an overall reaction.
Two basic mechanism types are substitution and elimination reactions.
They are very important in the study of organic chemistry mechanisms because many more complicated mechanisms use them.
Substitution Reactions (SN1 & SN2)
Nucleophilic substitution occurs when an atom or group of atoms detaches from an organic molecule and is replaced by another.
If the leaving and adding happens at the same time, it is called a SN2 reaction.
If the leaving group breaks away from the organic molecule and forms a carbocation before substitution occurs, it is called an SN1 reaction.
Elimination Reactions (E1 & E2)
Elimination occurs when two groups are broken off of an organic molecule by a strong acid and the resulting charges form a double bond.
Usually one of the groups is a nucleophile and the other is a hydrogen atom.
If both groups are pulled off at the same time, it is called an E2 reaction.
If one group is pulled off first and forms a carbocation before the second group is removed, it is called an E1 reaction.
Stereochemistry is the study of molecules in space.
It looks into the arrangement of atoms inside of molecules in space relative to one another and how they will interact.
Molecules that have the same chemical make up but are arranged differently are called isomers.
Famous chemist Louis Pasteur was an early researcher of stereochemistry.
A central part of the study of sterochemistry is chirality.
Put simply, chirality looks at the symmetry in chemical molecules.
If an object cannot be superimposed onto its mirror image, then it is a chiral object.
If it can, it is called achiral.
Spectroscopy is the study of the interactions between light energy and matter.
We are able to see colors because of energy absorption by organic and inorganic compounds.
When a plant undergoes photosynthesis, it traps energy from the sun, and this is an example of an interaction between energy and organic compounds.
Spectroscopy is used to identify organic molecules in unknown compounds.
There are many types of spectroscopy, but most important to organic chemistry are infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Portal site on Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry Help!
Organic Chemistry: An Introduction
MIT.edu, OpenCourseWare: Organic Chemistry I
HaverFord.edu, Organic Chemistry Lectures, Videos and Text
Journal of Organic Chemistry (subscription required) (Table of Contents)
Organic Letters (Pubs.ACS.org, Table of Contents)
Thime-Connect.com , Synlett
Thieme-Connect.com , Synthesis
Organic-Chemistry.org, Organic Chemistry Portal - Recent Abstracts and (Name)Reactions
Orgsyn.org, Organic Chemistry synthesis journal
Ochem4free.info, Home of a full, online, peer-reviewed organic chemistry text
CEM.MSU.edu , Virtual Textbook of Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry Resources WorldWide - A collection of Links
Organic.RogerFrost.com, Roger Frost's Organic Chemistry - mechanisms and animation for teaching and learning, typically for ages 15–19
ChemHelper.com, Organic chemistry help
Organic-Chemistry-Tutor.com, Organic Chemistry Tutor
ACDlabs.com, Chemical Freeware
Chemaxon.com , Chemical Freeware from ChemAxon.
AceOrganicChem.com ,
OrgChemInfo.8k.com , A collection of Organic chemistry Resources
Benzylene.com , Organic Chemistry Reactions, Mechanisms, and Problems
Beilstein-Journals.org, Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry (Open Access)
Study-Organic-Chemistry.com, Resources for Success in Organic Chemistry
Branches of chemistry
A proton is part of an atom.
They are found in the nucleus of an atom along with neutrons.
The periodic table groups atoms according to how many protons they have.
A single atom of hydrogen (the lightest kind of atom) is made up of an electron moving around a proton.
Most of the mass of this atom is in the proton, which is almost 20000 times heavier than the electron.
Protons and neutrons make up the nucleus of every other kind of atom.
In any one element, the number of protons is always the same.
An atom's atomic number is equal to the number of protons in that atom.
Protons are made of quarks.
A proton is believed to be made up of 3 quarks, two up quarks and one down quark.
One down quark has a charge of -1/3, and two up quarks have a charge of +2/3 each.
This adds to a charge of +1.
A proton has a very small mass.
The mass of the proton is about one atomic mass unit.
The mass of the neutron is also about one atomic mass unit.
The size of a proton is determined by the vibration of the quarks that are in it, and these quarks effectively form a cloud.
This means that a proton is not so much a hard ball as an area that contains quarks.
Subatomic particles
615  K'inich Janaab' Pakal I, aged 12, is crowned ruler of the Mayan city of Palenque.
1309  Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor is recognised as King of the Romans by Pope Clement V.
1469  Wars of the Roses: Forces of Edward IV of England defeat those of Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick in the Battle of Edgecote Moor.
1533  Atahualpa dies at the hands of Francisco Pizarro's Conquistadors, marking the end of the Inca Empire.
1581  The northern Low Countries declare independence from King Philip II of Spain.
1745  The first recorded women's cricket match takes place in Guildford, Surrey, England.
1758  French and Indian War: The Siege of Louisbourg ends with British forces defeating the French and taking control of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence.
1775  Benjamin Franklin is named Postmaster-General by the United States Congress.
1788  New York ratifies the United States Constitution, becoming the 11th State.
1803  The Surrey Iron Railway opens in South London.
1805  An earthquake in central Italy kills an estimated 26,000 people.
1822  José de San Martín arrives in Guayaquil, present-day Ecuador, to meet with Simon Bolivar.
1822  First day of the three-day Battle of Dervenakia between the Ottoman Empire, led by Mahmud Dramali Pasha, and a Greek Revolutionary force led by Theodoros Kolokotronis.
1847  Liberia becomes independent, with Joseph Jenkins Roberts being its first President.
1861  American Civil War: George B. McClellan assumes control of the Army of the Potomac, following a disastrous Union defeat at the First Bull Run.
1882  Boer settlers found the Republic of Stellaland in present-day South Africa.
1882  Richard Wagner's opera Parsifal is first performed in Bayreuth, Bavaria.
1887  Unua Libro, the 'First book of Esperanto', is published.
1891  France takes control of Tahiti.
1908  The FBI is founded.
1910  The Rail Tunnel under the Detroit River linking Windsor, Ontario and Detroit, Michigan is opened.
1914  Serbia and Bulgaria interrupt their diplomatic relationship.
1936  The Axis Powers decide to intervene in the Spanish Civil War.
1936  Edward VIII of the United Kingdom unveils the Canadian Vimy Memorial.
1937  Spanish Civil War: End of the Battle of Brunete.
1944  World War II: The Soviet army enters German-occupied Lviv, in present-day Ukraine.
1944  The first German V-2 rocket hits the United Kingdom.
1945  The British Conservative Party under Winston Churchill loses the General Election to the Labour Party, led by Clement Attlee.
1945  The Potsdam Declaration is signed.
1946  Aloha Airlines begins service.
1947  The National Security Act of 1947 is signed by US President Harry S. Truman.
1948  Harry S. Truman signs Executive Order 9981, desegregating the United States Military.
1951  Walt Disney movie Alice in Wonderland has its first showing in London.
1952  Argentina's First Lady Eva Perón dies aged 33.
1953  Begin of the Cuban Revolution: Fidel Castro later helps to found the 26th July Movement.
1956  The Suez Crisis begins, after Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser nationalises the Suez Canal.
1957  President Carlos Castillo Armas of Guatemala is assassinated.
1958  The Explorer 4 space probe is launched.
1963  A earthquake strikes Skopje in the present-day Republic of Macedonia, killing around 1,100 people.
1965  The Maldives gain full independence from the United Kingdom.
1971  Apollo 15 launches from the Kennedy Space Center, with David Scott, James Irwin and Alfred Worden on board, to the Moon.
1974  Konstantinos Karamanlis forms the Greek Government.
1977  The National Assembly of Quebec imposes the use of French as an official language of the Provincial Government.
1990  The Americans With Disabilities Act of 1990 is signed into law by US President George H. W. Bush.
1994  Boris Yeltsin orders the removal of Russian troops from Estonia.
1994  A bomb explodes outside the Israeli Embassy in London.
1998  Cambodia holds its first election since regaining full independence.
2005  Space Shuttle Discovery launches from Cape Canaveral, Florida.
It is the first Space Shuttle mission since the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster of February 1, 2003.
2005  Nearly a meter of rain falls in one day in Mumbai, causing flooding.
2006  A conference begins in Rome, Italy to discuss a solution to the Israel-Lebanon War, though without the participation of Israel, Hezbollah, Hamas and Syria.
2008  56 people are killed in a bombing in Ahmedabad, India.
2013  2013 Cleveland, Ohio, missing trio: Ariel Castro pleads guilty to all charges in order to avoid the death penalty.
He commits suicide in prison on September 3.
2016  Mass murder with knife is carried out in an institution of Sagamihara in Japan for persons with disabilities out of disability hate crime; 19 people are killed.
2016  Solar Impulse 2 becomes the first solar-powered aircraft to complete a flight around the world.
2016  Roman Catholic priest Jacques Hamel is murdered at his church in Normandy, France, by an attacker linked to the self-proclaimed Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant.
2016  Hillary Clinton is officially nominated by the Democratic Party for President of the United States, becoming the first woman to be nominated for this position by a major US political party.
2017  US President Donald Trump announces via Twitter that he intends to ban Transgender people from serving in the United States Military.
2019  The 2019 Pan American Games in Lima, Peru, begin.
1030  Stanislaus of Szczepanow, Polish bishop and martyr (d. 1074)
1575  Anne Catherine of Brandenburg, Queen of Denmark and Norway (d. 1612)
1678  Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1711)
1721  Samuel von Brukenthal, Governor of Transylvania (d. 1803)
1739  George Clinton, 4th Vice President of the United States and 1st State Governor of New York (d. 1812)
1756  Maria Fitzherbert, first wife of King George IV of the United Kingdom (d. 1837)
1782  John Field, Irish composer (d. 1837)
1787  Theodor Friedrich Ludwig Nees von Esenbeck, German botanist and pharmacologist (d. 1837)
1791  Franz Xaver Wolfgang Mozart, Austrian composer (d. 1844)
1796  George Catlin, American painter (d. 1872)
1801  Maria Röhl, Swedish artist (d. 1875)
1802  Mariano Arista, President of Mexico (d. 1855)
1829  Auguste Beernaert, Belgian statesman and 14th Prime Minister of Belgium (d. 1912)
1842  Alfred Marshall, British economist (d. 1924)
1844  Stefan Drzewiecki, Polish scientist and inventor (d. 1938)
1846  Texas Jack Omohundro, American scout, cowboy and actor (d. 1880)
1855  Ferdinand Tönnies, German sociologist and philosopher (d. 1936)
1856  George Bernard Shaw, Irish writer (d. 1950)
1858  Tom Garrett, Australian cricketer (d. 1943)
1862  George P. Cortelyou, American politician (d. 1940)
1865  Philipp Scheidemann, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1939)
1866  Princess Milica of Montenegro (d. 1951)
1874  Serge Koussevitzky, Russian conductor (d. 1961)
1875  Carl Jung, Swiss psychiatrist (d. 1961)
1875  Antonio Machado, Spanish poet (d. 1939)
1878  Ernst Hoppenberg, German swimmer and water polo player (d. 1937)
1880  Volodymyr Vynnychenko, Ukrainian statesman (d. 1951)
1882  Dixie Bibb Graves, American politician and United States Senator for Alabama (d. 1965)
1893  E. R. Dodds, Irish classical scholar (d. 1979)
1893  George Grosz, German painter (d. 1959)
1894  Aldous Huxley, British writer (d. 1963)
1895  Jane Bunford, UK's tallest woman (d. 1922)
1895  Gracie Allen, American actress and comedienne (d. 1964)
1896  Tom Birkin, English racing driver (d. 1933)
1897  Paul Gallico, American novelist (d. 1976)
1901  Umberto Caligaris, Italian footballer (d. 1940)
1903  Estes Kefauver, American politician (d. 1963)
1904  Edwin Albert Link, American inventor of the flight simulator (d. 1981)
1906  Irena Illakowicz, Polish intelligence agent (d. 1943)
1907  Donal McLaughlin, American architect and graphic artist (d. 2009)
1908  Lucien Wercollier, Luxembourg sculptor (d. 2000)
1909  Peter Thorneycroft, Baron Thorneycroft, British politician (d. 1994)
1909  Vivian Vance, American actress (d. 1979)
1910  Yann Fouéré, Breton political activist (d. 2011)
1914  Erskine Hawkins, American trumpeter and bandleader (d. 1993)
1914  C. Farris Bryant, 34th Governor of Florida (d. 2002)
1916  Dean Brooks, American physician and actor (d. 2013)
1917  Alberta Adams, American singer (d. 2014)
1917  Bertil Nordahl, Swedish footballer (d. 1998)
1918  Marjorie Lord, American actress (d. 2015)
1919  James Lovelock, British scientist
1919  Angelo Felici, Italian cardinal (d. 2007)
1920  Mario Fasino, Italian politician, President of Sicily (d. 2017)
1921  Amedeo Amadei, Italian footballer (d. 2013)
1922  Gilberto Agustoni, Swiss cardinal (d. 2017)
1922  Blake Edwards, American movie director (d. 2010)
1922  Jason Robards, American actor (d. 2000)
1923  Jan Berenstain, American writer (d. 2012)
1923  Biff Elliot, American actor (d. 2012)
1925  Jerzy Einhorn, Polish-born Swedish doctor and politician (d. 2000)
1925  Joseph Engelberger, American physicist, engineer and entrepreneur (d. 2015)
1925  Gene Gutowski, Polish-American movie producer (d. 2016)
1925  Ana María Matute, Spanish writer (d. 2014)
1926  James Best, American actor (d. 2015)
1928  Joe Jackson, patriarch of the Jackson musical family (d. 2018)
1928  Stanley Kubrick, American movie director (d. 1999)
1928  Francesco Cossiga, 8th President of Italy (d. 2010)
1928  Peter Lougheed, Canadian politician (d. 2012)
1928  Bernice Rubens, Welsh writer (d. 2004)
1928  Ibn-e-Safi, Pakistani poet (d. 1980)
1929  Alexis Weissenberg, Bulgarian pianist (d. 2012)
1930  Barbara Jefford, English actress
1932  James Stafford, American cardinal
1932  Robert Timlin, American judge (d. 2017)
1933  Edmund Phelps, American economist
1933  Lance Percival, English actor, comedian and singer (d. 2015)
1936  Mary Millar, English actress (d. 1998)
1936  Lawrie McMenemy, English footballer and coach
1939  John Howard, 25th Prime Minister of Australia
1940  Brigitte Hamann, German-Austrian author and historian (d. 2016)
1940  Mary Jo Kopechne, American aide to Robert F. Kennedy (d. 1969)
1940  Jürgen Kurbjuhn, German footballer (d. 2014)
1942  Hannelore Elsner, German actress (d. 2019)
1942  Vladimir Meciar, former Prime Minister of Slovakia
1943  Peter Hyams, American director
1943  Mick Jagger, British musician
1945  Helen Mirren, British actress
1945  Panagiotis Pikrammenos, Greek jurist
1946  Erwin Huber, German politician
1947  Alejandra Da Passano, Argentine actress (d. 2014)
1947  Emilio de Villota, Spanish racing driver
1949  Sharron Angle, American politician
1949  Thaksin Shinawatra, Thai politician
1949  Roger Taylor, British musician (Queen)
1950  Nelinho, Brazilian footballer
1950  Susan George, English actress
1951  Sabine Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger, German politician
1952  Heiner Brand, German handball player and coach
1953  Felix Magath, German footballer
1954  Mareike Carrière, German actress (d. 2014)
1954  Vitas Gerulaitis, American tennis player (d. 1994)
1955  Asif Ali Zardari, former President of Pakistan
1955  Aleksandrs Starkovs, Latvian footballer
1956  Dorothy Hamill, American figure skater
1957  Yuen Biao, Chinese actor
1957  Nana Visitor, American actress
1959  Kevin Spacey, American actor
1961  Gary Cherone, American singer-songwriter
1962  Sigga, Icelandic singer
1964  Sandra Bullock, American actress
1965  Jimmy Dore, American comedian
1965  Jeremy Piven, American actor
1966  Angelo Di Livio, Italian footballer
1967  Anthony Durante, American wrestler (d. 2003)
1967  Jason Statham, English actor and producer
1968  Olivia Williams, English actress
1969  Tanni Grey-Thompson, British wheelchair athlete
1971  Khaled Mahmud, Bangladeshi cricketer
1971  Andrea Fortunato, Italian footballer (d. 1995)
1971  Kendall Francois, American murderer (d. 2014)
1973  Kate Beckinsale, British actress
1975  Elizabeth Truss, British politician
1976  Pavel Pardo, Mexican footballer
1977  Martin Laursen, Danish footballer
1977  Emma Barton, English actress
1979  Peter Sarno, Canadian ice hockey player
1980  Jacinda Ardern, 40th Prime Minister of New Zealand
1980  Madeleine West, Australian actress
1980  Dave Baksh, Canadian guitarist (Sum 41)
1980  Sonali Shah, English television presenter
1981  Maicon Douglas Sisenando, Brazilian footballer
1983  Kelly Clark, American snowboarder
1983  Stephen Makinwa, Nigerian footballer
1983  Delonte West, American basketball player
1985  Zhou Bichang, Chinese singer-songwriter and actress
1985  Brice Feillu, French road racing cyclist
1985  Gaël Clichy, French footballer
1985  Leonardo Ulloa, Argentine footballer
1987  Fredy Montero, Colombian footballer
1988  Sayaka Akimoto, Japanese actress and singer (AKB48)
1988  Francia Raisa, American actress
1988  Diego Perotti, Argentine footballer
1989  Ivian Sarcos, Venezuelan model
1990  Jesus Herrada, Spanish motorcycle racer
1990  Bianca Santos, American actress
1993  Elizabeth Gillies, American actress and singer
1993  Taylor Momsen, American actress and singer
1993  Caleb Stanko, American soccer player
1993  Stormzy, English rapper
1996  Tatiana Vorobjova, Estonian tennis player
1998  Maya Sakura, Japanese singer and actress
342  Jin Chengdi, Emperor of China (b. 321)
432  Pope Celestine I
796  Offa, King of Mercia
811  Nicephorus I, Byzantine Emperor (killed in battle)
1380  Emperor Komyo of Japan (b. 1322)
1471  Pope Paul II (b. 1417)
1506  Anne of Foix-Candale, Queen of Hungary and Bohemia (b. 1478)
1533  Atahualpa, Inca ruler (b. 1502)
1592  Armand de Gontaut, baron de Biron, French soldier (b. 1524)
1605  Miguel de Benavides, Spanish clergyman and Sinologist (b. 1552)
1611  Horio Yoshiharu, Japanese warlord (b. 1542)
1630  Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy (b. 1562)
1680  John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester, English writer (b. 1647)
1684  Elena Cornaro Piscopia, Italian mathematician (b. 1646)
1712  Thomas Osborne, 1st Duke of Leeds, English statesman (b. 1631)
1723  Robert Bertie, 1st Duke of Ancaster and Kesteven, English statesman (b. 1660)
1726  Nicolaus II Bernoulli, Swiss mathematician (b. 1695)
1801  Archduke Maximilian Francis of Austria (b. 1756)
1863  John J. Crittenden, Governor of Kentucky (b. 1786)
1863  Sam Houston, President of the Republic of Texas (b. 1793)
1867  King Otto of Greece (b. 1815)
1915  James Murray, English philologist (b. 1837)
1919  Sir Edward Poynter, British painter (b. 1836)
1922  Ciro Luis Urriola, 8th President of Panama (b. 1863)
1925  Antonio Ascari, Italian racing driver (b. 1888)
1925  Gottlob Frege, German mathematician and logician (b. 1848)
1925  William Jennings Bryan, American politician (b. 1860)
1926  Robert Todd Lincoln, American lawyer and politician (b. 1843)
1935  Winsor McCay, American cartoonist (b. 1871)
1937  Gerda Taro, German photographer (b. 1910)
1941  Henri Lebesgue, French mathematician (b. 1875)
1942  Roberto Arlt, Argentinian writer (b. 1900)
1943  Ruth M. Gardiner, American nurse (b. 1914)
1944  Reza Shah, ruler of Iran (b. 1878)
1952  Eva Perón, wife of Argentine President Juan Perón (b. 1919)
1953  Nikolaos Plastiras, Greek general and politician (b. 1883)
1957  Carlos Castillo Armas, President of Guatemala (b. 1914)
1969  Frank Loesser, American composer (b. 1910)
1970  Robert Taschereau, Canadian jurist (b. 1896)
1971  Diane Arbus, American photographer (suicide) (b. 1923)
1976  Stefanos Natsinas, Greek politician (b. 1910)
1980  Ibn-e-Safi, Pakistani poet (b. 1928)
1984  George Gallup, American statistician (b. 1901)
1984  Ed Gein, American serial killer (b. 1906)
1986  Averell Harriman, American diplomat (b. 1891)
1988  Fazlur Rahman, Pakistani scholar (b. 1919)
1990  Brent Mydland, American musician (b. 1952)
1992  Mary Wells, American singer (b. 1943)
1995  George Romney, Governor of Michigan and father of Mitt Romney (b. 1907)
1999  Phaedon Gizikis, President of Greece (b. 1917)
2001  Peter von Zahn, German journalist (b. 1913)
2002  Tony Anholt, English actor (b. 1941)
2005  Mario David, Italian footballer (b. 1934)
2009  Merce Cunningham, American choreographer (b. 1919)
2011  Margaret Olley, Australian artist (b. 1923)
2011  Sakyo Komatsu, Japanese science fiction writer (b. 1931)
2012  Lupe Ontiveros, American actress (b. 1942)
2012  Mary Tamm, English actress (b. 1950)
2013  Sung Jae-ki, South Korean activist (b. 1967)
2013  JJ Cale, American singer-songwriter and musician (b. 1938)
2014  Oleh Babayev, Ukrainian politician (b. 1965)
2014  Charles R. Larson, American admiral (b. 1936)
2014  Majid Nizami, Pakistani journalist (b. 1928)
2014  Roland Verhavert, Belgian movie director (b. 1927)
2015  Bobbi Kristina Brown, American media personality and singer (b. 1993)
2015  Leo Reise, Jr., Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1922)
2015  Ann Rule, American true crime author (b. 1931)
2015  Vic Firth, American musician and instruments manufacturer (b. 1930)
2016  Jacques Hamel, French priest (b. 1930)
2016  David A. Katz, American judge (b. 1933)
2016  Mohamed Khan, Egyptian film director (b. 1942)
2017  Patti Deutsch, American actress (b. 1943)
2017  June Foray, American voice actress (b. 1917)
2017  Giovanni Battista Pichierri, Italian Roman Catholic prelate (b. 1943)
2017  Lawrence Pezzulo, American diplomat (b. 1926)
2017  Maxlei dos Santos Luzia, Brazilian footballer (b. 1975)
2017  Joachim Vobbe, German Roman Catholic prelate (b. 1947)
2017  Leo Kinnunen, Finnish racing driver (b. 1943)
2018  Adem Demaçi, Albanian politician (b. 1936)
2018  Aloyzas Kveinys, Lithuanian chess player (b. 1962)
2018  María Concepción César, Argentine actress and singer (b. 1926)
2018  Anne Vermeer, Dutch politician (b. 1916)
2019  Graham Freudenberg, Australian political speechwriter (b. 1934)
2019  Jaime Lucas y Alamino, Cuban cardinal (b. 1936)
2019  Kevin Roster, American poker player (b. 1983)
2019  Russi Taylor, American voice actress (b. 1944)
Independence Day (Liberia and Maldives)
451 - Attila the Hun sacks the town of Metz and attacks other cities in Gaul.
1141 - Empress Matilda becomes the first female ruler of England.
1348 - Charles University is founded in Prague.
1521 – Ferdinand Magellan reaches the island of Cebu.
1655 - Fabio Chigi is elected to become Pope Alexander VII.
1767 - End of two-year Burmese-Siamese War.
1782 – Thailand became a country.
1788 - American pioneers to the Northwest Territory arrive at the meeting point of the Ohio River and Muskingum River, opening the westward expansion of the United States.
1789 - Selim III becomes Sultan of the Ottoman Empire.
1798 - The Mississippi Territory is organized from disputed territory claimed by both the United States and Spain.
1805 - Ludwig van Beethoven premieres his Third Symphony in Vienna.
1827 - John Walker, an English chemist, sells the first friction match that he had invented the previous year.
1829 - Joseph Smith begins his translation of the Book of Mormon, with Oliver Cowdery as his scribe.
1831 - Pedro I of Brazil resigns to become King of Portugal.
1862 – American Civil War: The Battle of Shiloh ends in a Union victory.
1896 - Fridtjof Nansen reaches the point furthest North of any human being up until that point.
1906 – Mount Vesuvius erupts.
1906 - The Algeciras Conference gives France and Spain control over Morocco.
1908 – H. H. Asquith becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
1919 - The Federation Francais de Football is founded.
1927 - The first long-distance television broadcast is made from Washington, DC to New York City.
1933 - Prohibition in the United States is removed for beer of no more than 3.2% alcohol by weight.
1939 - World War II: Italy invades Albania.
1940 – Booker T. Washington becomes the first African American to be depicted on a US postage stamp.
1943 - Holocaust: In Trebovlia, Ukraine, Nazi troops order 1,100 Jews to undress to their underwear and march through the city to the village of Plebanivka, where they are shot dead.
1943 - Ioannis Rallis becomes collaborationist Prime Minister of Greece during the occupation by the Axis Powers.
1945 - World War II: Japanese battleship Yamato, the largest battleship ever constructed, is sunk by American planes 200 miles north of Okinawa while on the way to a suicide mission in Operation Ten-Go.
1946 – Syria's independence is recognised.
1948 – The United Nations created the World Health Organization.
1954 - Dwight D. Eisenhower gives his "Domino Theory" speech during a news conference.
1955 – Anthony Eden replaced Winston Churchill as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
1956 - Spain relinquishes its protectorate in Morocco.
1964 - IBM announces the System/360.
1967 - Roger Ebert publishes his first movie review in the Chicago Sun-Times.
1968 - Scottish racing driver Jim Clark is killed in a crash at Hockenheim, Germany, aged 32.
1969 - The Internet's symbolic birth date.
1971 - Richard Nixon announces his decision to increase the rate of American troops withdrawals from Vietnam.
1977 – German federal prosecutor Siegfried Buback is shot dead, along with his driver, by two members of the Red Army Faction.
1978 - Development of the neutron bomb is cancelled by US President Jimmy Carter.
1980 - The United States severs diplomatic relations with Iran.
1983 - During STS-6 mission, astronauts Story Musgrave and Don Peterson perform the first space shuttle space walk.
1989 – Soviet submarine Komsomolets sinks in the Barents Sea, killing 42 people.
1990 - A fire breaks out on the passenger ferry M/S Scandinavian Star, killing 198 people.
1992 – Republika Srpska declares independence.
1994 – The Rwandan Genocide begins.
One of the first victims is Rwandan Prime Minister Agathe Uwilingiyimana.
1995 - First Chechen War: Russian paramilitary troops begin a massacre of civilians in Samashki, Chechnya.
1999 - The World Trade Organization rules in favour of the United States in its long-running trade dispute  with the European Union over bananas.
2001 – The Mars Odyssey space probe is launched.
2003 – US troops capture Baghdad.
2009 – Former Peruvian President Alberto Fujimori is sentenced to 25 years in prison for ordering killings and kidnappings by security forces.
2010 – In Kyrgyzstan, President Kurmanbek Bakiyev flees the capital city Bishkek, after days of fierce rioting.
Roza Otunbayeva is installed as Head of Government.
2017 - 2017 Stockholm attack: A beer lorry is driven into people in central Stockholm, killing 5 people.
2018 - A vehicle is driven into people in the city centre of Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, killing 2 people.
The driver then kills himself.
1506 - Francis Xavier, Spanish Roman Catholic missionary (d. 1552)
1539 - Tobias Stimmer, Swiss painter (d. 1584)
1613 - Gerrit Dou, Dutch painter (d. 1675)
1629 - John of Austria the Younger, Spanish military leader and statesman (d. 1679)
1648 - John Sheffield, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Normanby, English statesman and poet (d. 1721)
1652 – Pope Clement XII (d. 1740)
1713 - Nicola Sala, Italian composer and music theorist (d. 1801)
1718 - Hugh Blair, Scottish minister and author (d. 1800)
1742 - Gunning Bedford, Sr.,
Governor of Delaware (d. 1797)
1763 - Domenico Dragonetti, Italian double-bass virtuoso and composer (d. 1846)
1767 - Henry Bell, Scottish engineer (d. 1830)
1770 – William Wordsworth, English poet (d. 1850)
1772 - Charles Fourier, French philosopher (d. 1837)
1786 - William R. King, 13th Vice President of the United States (d. 1853)
1803 - James Curtiss, Mayor of Chicago (d. 1859)
1803 - Flora Tristan, French author (d. 1884)
1811 - Hasan Tahsini, Albanian astronomer, mathematician and philosopher (d. 1881)
1839 - Ida Ferenczy, Hungarian Lady-in-waiting to Elisabeth of Bavaria (d. 1928)
1847 – Jens Peder Jacobsen, Danish writer (d. 1885)
1848 - Randall Davidson, 1st Baron Davidson of Lambeth, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1930)
1853 – Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany (d. 1884)
1857 - Nazrullah Khan, Emir of Afghanistan (d. 1920)
1859 - Walter Camp, American football player, coach and writer (d. 1925)
1860 - Will Keith Kellogg, American businessman and food manufacturer (d. 1951)
1867 – Holger Pedersen, Danish linguist (d. 1953)
1868 - José de Castro, Prime Minister of Portugal (d. 1929)
1870 – Gustav Landauer, German anarchist and revolutionary (d. 1919)
1871 - Epifanio de los Santos, Filipino jurist, historian and scholar (d. 1927)
1872 - William Monroe Trotter, American newspaper editor (d. 1934)
1873 - John McGraw, American baseball player and manager (d. 1934)
1874 - Frederick Carl Frieseke, German-American painter (d. 1939)
1876 - Fay Moulton, American sprinter, football player, coach and lawyer (d. 1945)
1882 – Kurt von Schleicher, German military officer and politician, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1934)
1883 – Gino Severini, Italian painter (d. 1966)
1884 - Clement Smoot, American golfer (d. 1963)
1886 - Emilio Pujols, Catalan guitarist and composer (d. 1980)
1887 - Joseph Stadler, American jumper (d. 1950)
1889 – Gabriela Mistral, Chilean writer (d. 1945)
1890 - Paul Berth, Danish footballer (d. 1969)
1890 - Marjory Stoneman Douglas, American journalist and activist (d. 1998)
1891 – Ole Kirk Christiansen, Danish inventor, of Lego (d. 1958)
1893 - Allen Dulles, American CIA director (d. 1969)
1896 - Frits Peutz, Dutch architect (d. 1974)
1897 - Walter Winchell, American broadcaster and journalist (d. 1972)
1899 - Robert Casadesus, French pianist (d. 1972)
1900 - Jebbs Lloyd Johnson, English race walker (d. 1984)
1907 - Le Duan, Vietnamese politician (d. 1986)
1907 - John Burroughs, Governor of New Mexico (d. 1978)
1908 - Percy Faith, Canadian composer, conductor and bandleader (d. 1976)
1913 - Louise Currie, American actress (d. 2013)
1913 - Charles Vanik, American politician (d. 2007)
1914 - Charles Flanagan, American bandleader, conductor, pianist, composer and arranger (d. 1995)
1915 – Stanley Adams, American actor (d. 1977)
1915 – Billie Holiday, American jazz singer (d. 1959)
1915 - Henry Kuttner, American writer (d. 1977)
1916 – Anthony Caruso, American actor (d. 2003)
1917 - R. G. Armstrong, American actor (d. 2012)
1918 - Bobby Doerr, American baseball player and coach
1919 - Edoardo Mangiarotti, Italian fencer (d. 2012)
1920 – Ravi Shankar, Indian sitar player (d. 2012)
1924 – Johannes Mario Simmel, Austrian writer (d. 2009)
1927 - Babatunde Olatunji, Nigerian drummer, educator and activist (d. 2003)
1927 - Leonid Shcherbakov, Russian high jumper
1928 – James Garner, American actor (d. 2014)
1928 - James White, Northern Irish author (d. 1999)
1928 - Alan J. Pakula, American movie maker (d. 1998)
1929 – Bob Denard, French mercenary (d. 2007)
1930 – Andrew Sachs, German-born British actor
1930 - Cliff Morgan, Welsh rugby player (d. 2013)
1930 - Roger Vergé, French chef and restaurateur (d. 2015)
1930 - Vilma Espin, Cuban revolutionary and politician (d. 2007)
1931 - Donald Barthelme, American writer (d. 1989)
1931 - Ted Kotcheff, Canadian director
1933 – Wayne Rogers, American actor (d. 2015)
1934 – Ian Richardson, Scottish actor (d. 2007)
1937 - Cynthia Lynn, Latvian-American actress (d. 2014)
1938 – Jerry Brown, American politician, former Governor of California
1938 – Freddie Hubbard, American jazz musician (d. 2008)
1938 - Spencer Dryden, American drummer (d. 2005)
1938 - Justin Lekhanya, former Prime Minister of Lesotho
1939 – David Frost, British broadcaster (d. 2013)
1939 – Francis Ford Coppola, American movie director
1941 – Gorden Kaye, British actor (d. 2017)
1943 - Mick Abrahams, English guitarist (Jethro Tull)
1944 - Makoto Kobayashi, Japanese physicist
1944 – Gerhard Schröder, former Chancellor of Germany
1944 - Bill Stoneman, American baseball player and manager
1945 - Megas, Icelandic singer-songwriter
1945 – Werner Schroeter, German movie movie director (d. 2010)
1945 - Robert S. Wistrich, Kazakh-born British-Israeli professor (d. 2015)
1946 - Colette Besson, French sprinter (d. 2005)
1946 - Stan Winston, American special effects expert (d. 2008)
1947 – Florian Schneider, German musician (Kraftwerk)
1947 - Patricia Bennett, American singer
1948 – Pietro Anastasi, Italian footballer
1949 - Valentina Matviyenko, Russian politician
1949 – Mitch Daniels, American politician, Governor of Indiana
1949 - Wells Kelly, American singer-songwriter and musician (Orleans) (d. 1984)
1951 – Janis Ian, American singer and songwriter
1952 - Clarke Peters, American actor and singer
1954 – Jackie Chan, Chinese (Hong Kong) actor
1955 - Tim Cochran, American mathematician (d. 2014)
1955 - Werner Stocker, German actor (d. 1993)
1960 - Buster Douglas, American boxer
1961 – Luigi De Agostini, Italian footballer
1962 – Ram Gopal Varma, Indian director, producer and screenwriter
1962 - Jon Cruddas, English politician
1963 - Jaime de Marichalar, Spanish nobleman
1963 - Nick Herbert, English politician
1964 – Russell Crowe, New Zealand-Australian actor
1965 – Alison Lapper, British artist
1965 - Bill Bellamy, American comedian and actor
1966 - Gary Wilkinson, British snooker player
1967 - Bodo Illgner, German footballer
1968 – Jennifer Lynch, American director
1968 - Vasiliy Sokov, Russian triple jumper
1970 - Leif Ove Andsnes, Norwegian pianist
1971 – Guillaume Depardieu, French actor (d. 2008)
1971 – Victor Kraatz, Canadian figure skater
1971 - Jennifer Schwalbach Smith, American journalist and actress
1972 - Tim Peake, English astronaut
1973 - Marco Delvecchio, Italian footballer
1973 - Jeanine Hennis-Plasschaert, Dutch politician
1975 - Karin Dreijer Andersson, Swedish singer
1976 - Kevin Alejandro, American actor
1977 - Jenni Haukio, Finnish writer and First Lady of Finland
1979 – Pascal Dupuis, Canadian ice hockey player
1979 – Duncan James, British singer
1979 - Danny Sandoval, Venezuelan baseball player
1980 - Dragan Bogavac, Montenegrin footballer
1980 – Carl Fletcher, Welsh footballer
1981 - Kelli Young, English singer (Liberty X)
1982 - Silvana Arias, Peruvian actress
1983 - Franck Ribéry, French footballer
1983 - Jon Stead, English footballer
1985 - Humza Yousaf, Scottish politician
1986 - Christian Fuchs, Austrian footballer
1987 - Martín Cáceres, Uruguayan footballer
1989 - Alexa Demara, American actress, model, writer and martial artist
1989 – Franco Di Santo, Argentine footballer
1989 - Sylwia Grzeszczak, Polish singer
1989 - Yulia Samoylova, Russian singer
1991 - Anne-Marie, English singer and songwriter
1992 - William Carvalho, Angolan-born Portuguese footballer
1992 – Alexis Jordan, American singer
1992 - Jessica Sara, American actress
1993 - Irina Shtork, Estonian ice dancer
1994 - Johanna Allik, Estonian figure skater
1997 - Oliver Burke, Scottish footballer
924 - Berengar I of Italy (b. 845)
1498 – King Charles VIII of France (b. 1470)
1614 – El Greco, Greek-born Spanish painter (b. 1541)
1638 - Shimazu Tadatsune, Japanese ruler of Satsuma (b. 1576)
1651 – Lennart Torstensson, Swedish Governor-General (b. 1603)
1658 - Juan Eusebio Nieremberg, Spanish mystic (b. 1595)
1719 - Jean-Baptiste de La Salle, French saint (b. 1651)
1739 – Dick Turpin, English outlaw (b. 1705)
1762 – Pietro Guarneri, Italian violin maker (b. 1695)
1789 – Abdul Hamid I, Ottoman Sultan (b. 1725)
1789 - Petrus Camper, Dutch anatomist (b. 1722)
1801 - Noel Francois de Wailly, French lexicographer (b. 1724)
1804 – Toussaint Louverture, Haitian revolutionary (b. 1743)
1811 – Garsevan Chavchavadze, Georgian diplomat and politician (b. 1757)
1823 - Jacques Charles, French physicist and mathematician (b. 1746)
1833 – Antoni Radziwill, Polish politician (b. 1775)
1836 - William Godwin, English journalist and author (b. 1756)
1849 - Pedro Ignacio de Castro Barros, Argentine priest and politician (b. 1777)
1868 – Thomas D'Arcy McGee, Canadian journalist and Father of the Confederation (b. 1825)
1871 - Alexander Loyd, Mayor of Chicago (b. 1805)
1885 – Karl Theodor Ernst von Siebold, German physiologist (b. 1804)
1889 - Youssef Karam, Lebanese nationalist leader (b. 1823)
1891 – P. T. Barnum, American circus impresario (b. 1810)
1900 - Frederic Edwin Church, American painter (b. 1826)
1914 - Mohammad Ayub Khan, interim regent of Afghanistan (b. 1857)
1917 - Spyridon Samaras, Greek composer (b. 1861)
1918 - David Kolehmainen, Finnish wrestler (b. 1885)
1920 - Karl Binding, German jurist (b. 1841)
1928 - Alexander Bogdanov, Russian physician and philosopher (b. 1873)
1930 - Octaviano Ambrosio Larrazolo, 4th Governor of New Mexico (b. 1859)
1932 - Grigore Constantinescu, Romanian priest and journalist (b. 1875)
1934 - William Monroe Trotter, American newspaper editor (b. 1872)
1938 - Suzanne Valadon, French painter (b. 1865)
1939 – Joseph Lyons, Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1879)
1943 – Alexandre Millerand, President of France (b. 1859)
1944 - Johann Gruber, Austrian priest (b. 1889)
1947 – Henry Ford, American business person (b. 1863)
1950 – Walter Huston, Canadian-born actor (b. 1884)
1955 - Theda Bara, American actress (b. 1885)
1956 - Fred Appleby, English long-distance runner (b. 1879)
1957 - John Hart, Irish-Canadian politician, Premier of British Columbia (b. 1879)
1960 - Henri Guisan, Swiss army officer (b. 1874)
1965 - Roger Leger, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1919)
1966 - Fred G. Aandahl, American politician, Governor of North Dakota (b. 1897)
1968 – Jim Clark, Scottish racing driver (b. 1936)
1972 – Abeid Karume, President of Zanzibar (b. 1905)
1977 – Siegfried Buback, German federal prosecutor (b. 1920)
1981 - Norman Taurog, American movie director (b. 1899)
1982 – Harald Ertl, Austrian racing driver (b. 1948)
1984 - Frank Church, American politician (b. 1924)
1985 - Carl Schmitt, German philosopher and theorist (b. 1888)
1986 - Leonid Kantorovich, Soviet-Russian mathematician and economist (b. 1912)
1990 - Ronald Evans, American astronaut (b. 1933)
1992 – Ace Bailey, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1903)
1994 – Albert Gudmundsson, Icelandic footballer and politician (b. 1923)
1994 – Agathe Uwilingiyimana, Prime Minister of Rwanda (b. 1953)
1994 - Golo Mann, German historian (b. 1909)
1997 - Georgi Shonin, Soviet cosmonaut (b. 1935)
1997 – Tomoyuki Tanaka, Japanese movie producer (b. 1910)
2000 - Moacir Barbosa Nascimento, Brazilian footballer (b. 1921)
2003 - David Greene, British director (b. 1921)
2004 - Victor Argo, American actor (b. 1934)
2005 - Cliff Allison, Britsh racing driver (b. 1932)
2007 – Barry Nelson, American actor (b. 1917)
2008 - Mark Speight, English television presenter (b. 1965)
2009 – Dave Arneson, American creator of the game Dungeons and Dragons (b. 1947)
2010 – Christopher Cazenove, British actor (b. 1945)