the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
Patrick Müller (born 17 December 1976) is a Swiss football player.
|1995/96||rowspan="4"|Servette||rowspan="4"|Nationalliga A||28||0
|1998/99||rowspan="2"|Grasshopper Zürich||rowspan="2"|Nationalliga A||12||0
|2000/01||rowspan="4"|Olympique Lyonnais||rowspan="2"|Division 1||30||1
|2002/03||rowspan="2"|Ligue 1||35||0
|2003/04||36||1
|2004/05||Mallorca||La Liga||6||0
|2004/05||rowspan="2"|Basel||rowspan="2"|Super League||15||0
|2005/06||rowspan="3"|Olympique Lyonnais||rowspan="3"|Ligue 1||12||1
|2008/09||rowspan="2"|Monaco||rowspan="2"|Ligue 1||7||0
Ulrich Ramé (born 19 September 1972) is a French football player.
|1991/92||rowspan="6"|Angers||rowspan="2"|Division 2||1||0
|1993/94||Division 1||2||0
|1994/95||rowspan="2"|Division 2||9||0
|1996/97||National||34||0
|1997/98||rowspan="13"|Girondins Bordeaux||rowspan="5"|Division 1||23||0
|2002/03||rowspan="8"|Ligue 1||28||0
|2005/06||35||0
David Jemmali (born 13 December 1974) is a Tunisian football player.
|1994/95||rowspan="3"|Cannes||rowspan="3"|Division 1||1||0
|1996/97||35||0
|1997/98||rowspan="11"|Girondins Bordeaux||rowspan="5"|Division 1||24||0
|2002/03||rowspan="6"|Ligue 1||29||2
|2008/09||rowspan="2"|Grenoble||rowspan="2"|Ligue 1||20||0
The chickpea (Cicer arietinum)  is a yellow edible legume (bean).
The peas can be bought canned or dried.
It was one of the earliest fruits to be grown.
The first chickpea was grown in the Middle East about 7,500 years ago.
The most popular place for chickpeas to grow is in Pakistan.
In 2008, nearly 6 million tonnes of chickpeas were produced there.
Because the growth is so popular there, it is also known as the Indian pea.
Chickpeas contain a great deal of protein, zinc and folic acid.
They can be an important part of a vegetarian or vegan diet, since they come from a plant.
The dried bean is boiled and served whole or mashed, such as in the popular dish hummus.
Chickpeas are ground into a flour, called "besan" or "gram" flour, used in South Asian cooking.
Philippe Christanval (born 31 August 1978) is a former French football player.
|1996/97||rowspan="5"|Monaco||rowspan="5"|Division 1||1||0
|1997/98||10||0
|2001/02||rowspan="2"|Barcelona||rowspan="2"|La Liga||26||0
|2003/04||rowspan="2"|Olympique Marseille||rowspan="2"|Ligue 1||13||0
|2005/06||rowspan="3"|Fulham||rowspan="3"|Premier League||15||0
|2006/07||20||1
Hexameter is a metrical line of verse.
It is usually made of six parts, called feet.
It is the standard verse form used in Ancient Greek and Latin literature.
The Iliad and Aeneid use it, and so do Ovid's Metamorphoses.
English poetry rarely uses hexameter.
Dactylic hexameter
The meter consists of lines made from six ("hex") feet.
In strict dactylic hexameter, each of these feet would be a dactyl, but classical meter allows for the substitution of a spondee (two long syllables) in place of a dactyl in most positions.
Specifically, the first four feet can either be dactyls or spondees more or less freely.
The fifth foot is frequently a dactyl (around 95% of the time in Homer).
Because of the strong pause at the end of the line, it is traditionally regarded as a spondee.
Thus the dactylic line most normally looks as follows:
— U | — U | — U | — U | — u u | — X
(note that — is a long syllable, u a short syllable and U either one long or two shorts and X anceps syllable)
Viktor Orbán (31 May 1963) is a Hungarian right-wing politician and current Prime Minister of Hungary.
He is a member of the right-wing political group, the Fidesz-Hungarian Civic Union.
Orbán had also served as Prime Minister from 1998 to 2002.
He was born in the small village of Alcsútdoboz.
He studied law at the Eötvös Loránd University of  Budapest and graduated in 1987.
During his second period (or time) as prime minister: he said (during Russia's invasion of Ukraine) that "Hungary will support all European Union sanctions against Russia".
Prime Ministers of Hungary
Vetus Latina is the name given to a collection of Biblical texts that were translated into Latin before the Vulgate became the standard version used in the Latin-speaking world.
The texts themselves are written in Late Latin, not in Old Latin.
They often use different words than the Vulgate.
No complete manuscript survives,  only fragments are known.
Many text passages are known because Church fathers such as Augustine of Hippo cited from them.
The Old Latin text means, "Glory [belongs] to God among the high, and peace [belongs] to men of good will on earth".
The Vulgate text means "Glory [belongs] to God among the most high and peace among men of good will on earth".
Probably the best known difference between the Old Latin and the Vulgate is in the Pater Noster, where the phrase from the Vetus Latina, quotidianum panem, "daily bread", becomes supersubstantialem panem, "supersubstantial bread" in the Vulgate.
Joseph Carl Bailey, Jr. (August 23, 1983 – August 30, 2010) was an American professional wrestler.
He was better known as J. C. Bailey.
He has wrestled for numerous American-based professional wrestling promotions, including Combat Zone Wrestling (CZW), IWA Mid-South and IWA East Coast.
He has been known as a hardcore wrestler.
Bailey made his debut in 2001.
In June 2003, along with the owner of the promotion IWA Mid-South Ian Rotten and Corporal Robinson, he "invaded" CZW on behalf of IWA Mid-South.
In the same year, he competed in the 2nd CZW Tournament of Death where he lost to Nick Mondo in a deathmatch involving light tubes, and the 5th IWA Mid-South King of the Deathmatch where he lost to Mad Man Pondo after defeating 2 Tuff Tony, Necro Butcher and Ian Rotten.
On February 5, 2005, he became the first-ever CZW Ultraviolent Underground Champion.
On August 13, 2005, he won his second CZW Ultraviolent Underground Championship.
On August 20, 2006, he went to Japan and competed in the professional wrestling tournament WRESTLE EXPO 2006 where he lost to 2 Tuff Tony after defeating Mad Man Pondo.
On September 16, 2006, he competed in the 1st IWA East Coast Masters of Pain where he lost to Jun Kasai after defeating 2 Tuff Tony and Corporal Robinson.
In 2007, Bailey was arrested for stealing a television set from a Bardstown, Kentucky Walmart.
He made his official return to CZW in early 2010.
On August 30, 2010, Bailey was found dead.
Before he died, Bailey complained that he had been getting headaches and numbness in his hands.
The cause of his death was later determined to be because of a brain aneurysm that was caused by complications from multiple concussions and traumas to his brain.
His brain is expected to be donated for research at Boston University.
Sportspeople from Louisville, Kentucky
Deaths from intracranial aneurysm
Historians (and sometimes political scientists) are surveyed and asked to give presidents of the United States number ratings on their overall performance or on different aspects of their leadership.
Several different factors are considered in deciding what makes one a good or bad president.
These include their character, their vision for the country, their relations with congress, their relations with foreign leaders (diplomacy), how they managed the economy, how they managed the military, and their overall political skill.
To make sure the rankings are fair, many surveys equally balance the opinions of Democrats and Republicans.
It is sometimes difficult to accurately rank a president because all of the presidents faced completely different challenges.
Historical opinions of U.S. presidents may change over time.
For example, Harry Truman had very low approval ratings right after he left office, but many historians now consider him among the greatest presidents.
General findings
Highly ranked
George Washington (the first president of the United States and helped the United States win the American Revolutionary War)
John Adams (oversaw the Quasi-War)
Thomas Jefferson (partly because of the Louisiana Purchase and for being the author of the Declaration of Independence)
James Madison (led the United States through the War of 1812)
James Monroe (expanded the United States and supported the founding of colonies in Africa for free African Americans)
James K. Polk (President during the Mexican American War)
Abraham Lincoln (led the United States through the American Civil War and helped end slavery)
Theodore Roosevelt (strengthened the United States Navy and had the Panama Canal built)
Woodrow Wilson (President during World War I, supporting women's rights, and created the Federal Reserve)
Franklin Roosevelt (led the country through the Great Depression by restoring the economy and President during World War II)
Harry Truman (President during the end of World War II, the beginning of the Cold War and the integration of the Armed Forces)
Dwight Eisenhower (President during the Cold War, created NASA, and expanded the United States highway system)
John F. Kennedy (led the United States through the Cuban Missile Crisis and Cold War)
Ronald Reagan (helped restore the American economy by lowering inflation and creating jobs, created better relations with Soviet Russia, helped end the creation of new nuclear weapons, and led the United States through the end of the Cold War)
Barack Obama (improved the economy big time and made healthcare cheap known as Obamacare)
Some presidents have mixed ratings.
For example, Ulysses S. Grant is thought to be a bad leader since he had corrupt friends for government jobs, but at the same time he helped African-American to have more rights in the Reconstruction Era.
Lyndon B. Johnson, who passed civil rights bills and President during the Great Society, but also escalated the Vietnam War
Jimmy Carter, who helped pardon Vietnam War draft evaders, created the Education and Energy departments and negotiated a peace treaty between Egypt and Israel, but weakened the American economy through high unemployment and high inflation and oversaw the Iran hostage crisis, an oil crisis and the failed Operation Eagle Claw.
George H. W. Bush, who successfully led the United States through the Persian Gulf War and for formally ending the Cold War, but the American economy got a bit worse during his presidency.
Bill Clinton, praised for improving the economy but was caught in the Lewinsky scandal which he was impeached for.
Low in rankings
Zachary Taylor, Millard Fillmore, Chester Arthur, William Howard Taft, Benjamin Harrison, Calvin Coolidge, Herbert Hoover, Rutherford B. Hayes, Martin Van Buren, Richard Nixon, and George W. Bush are considered to be below average.
John Tyler, Franklin Pierce, and James Buchanan are often considered to be among the worst because they refused to prevent the growth of the slavery which resulted in the Civil War.
Andrew Johnson is often ranked among the worst because he was against Lincoln's Reconstruction.
Not ranked
William Henry Harrison is often not ranked because he died shortly after becoming president.
Same goes for James Garfield.
Also, Joe Biden is not yet ranked in polls because his presidency not ended yet.
Opinion Journal
Times of London
The Reconstruction  was after the American Civil War.
It was the remaking of the Southern United States, after it had lost its war of rebellion and slavery was ended.
The southern states were occupied territory.
Andrew Johnson became President of the U.S. after the assassination of Abraham Lincoln in 1865.
He wanted to make it easy to restore local rule in the previously rebellious states, and he permitted some of them to hold elections in 1865.
Former leaders of the Confederate States of America who ran as Democrats were elected to Congress, and states passed laws that denied rights to former slaves.
Many members of the Republican Party wanted stricter terms before local rule was returned to the South.
After the Republicans won a large majority of the Congressional seats in the 1866 elections, they refused to let former Confederate leaders take seats in the United States Congress.
The Republicans passed laws that former leaders of the rebellion were temporarily denied suffrage, the right to hold office or vote in elections.
Three new amendments to the U.S. Constitution were passed that ended slavery, made former slaves citizens, and gave them the right to vote.
Some newly freed black slaves won elected offices.
Many Northern carpetbaggers also went to the occupied territories to lead the people.
Some became rich.
Many white people in the Southern United States resisted allowing former slaves to have equal rights and to vote.
The Ku Klux Klan was formed to force black people out of political and economic power.
After Reconstruction ended in 1877, white people in the South used their regained political rights to pass Jim Crow Laws.
These laws enforced segregation (keeping blacks and whites separate) and took the vote away from African Americans whose parents or grandparents were slaves.
After Reconstruction, white Southerners voted mostly for the Democratic Party for about 80 years.
Reconstruction -Citizendium
1870s in the United States
Lena Meyer-Landrut (born 23 May 1991 in Hanover) is a German singer.
She won the Eurovision Song Contest 2010 with the song Satellite.
After publishing her first Album My Cassette Player she used the stage name Lena.
Lena Meyer-Landrut grew up in Hanover.
She was the only child of her parents.
When she was two years old, her father deserted the family.
Moreover, she has got political relatives.
She absolved the school with the diploma from German secondary school qualifying for university admission in 2010.
She began to study African cultures and philosophy in 2011.
Artistic development
Before becoming famous she danced ballet and jazz.
2007 she founded her first school band "Stenorette 2080" and got the first experiences of singing.
Thus she wrote her first songs.
Eurovision Song Contest 2010 & 2011
2009 Meyer-Landrut applied for the German contest Unser Star für Oslo, the preliminary decision of the Eurovision Song Contest.
She reached the final decision and won the contest with her own song "Satellite".
The song entered the first position and sold over 100,000 downloads in its first week.
So it became Germany's fastest selling digital release ever.
Lena followed her success and won also the Eurovision Song Contest 2010 and became famous all over the world.
Her album "My Cassette Player" and her single "Satellite" were sold in many Europe countries.
One year later she tried to defend her victory and competed against other singers of the Eurovision Song Contest 2011.
There she reached the 10th position with the song "Taken by a Stranger".
Germany tour 2011
In April 2011 Meyer-Landrut absolvated her first tour (Lena Live Tour 2011).
The locations were nine cities: Berlin, Hanover, Frankfurt, Dortmund, Hamburg, Leipzig, Munich, Stuttgart and Cologne.
She presented 21 songs taken from her albums "My Cassette Player" and "Good News".
About 75,000 visitors came to all her concerts.
Moreover, she had three opening acts.
The Concert in Frankfurt was recorded because of a DVD.
It was released in 9.
May 2011 and is called "Good News – Live DVD"
On 24 May, Meyer-Landrut performed as part of the interval act during the second semi-finals of the Eurovision Song Contest 2012 in Baku, Azerbaijan.
She was joined by the last five Eurovision winners from 2007 to 2011 which included Marija Šerifović, Dima Bilan, Alexander Rybak, and Ell & Nikki, performing a medley of their winning song entries and a rendition of classic "Waterloo".
During the year she announced the work on a new album based on her own songs and collaborations with other artists like Miss Li and Johnny McDaid.
On 21 September the single "Stardust" was released as first single from her new album Stardust, which followed on 12 October.
Both single and album debuted at No.2 on the German Album and the German Single charts and certified finally for Gold
Since October 2012 she is performing the theme song in the opening credits of Sesamstraße, the German version of Sesame Street.
and took part on the children carity album Giraffenaffen with the song Sjörövar Fabbe (Seeräuber-Opa Fabian).
In March Neon was released as the second single from the album Stardust.
The single version is a dance remix that is different from the version previously released on the album.
On ECHO Award 2013, Meyer-Landrut was twice nominated (winning "Best National Video" for Stardust) and part of the show program with her single Neon.
In April 2013, Lena went on her second tour through clubs in thirteen German cities.
The last concert was streamed live on the Internet.
The tour title "No One Can Catch Us Tour" was derived from lyrics of the song Stardust.
The third single from Stardust Mr. Arrow Key was released immediately after the tour.
The video is based on tour impressions of artist, band and fans.
Since April 2013 Lena Meyer-Landrut is one of the three coaches of the newly created casting show The Voice Kids.
It's the children's version of The Voice of Germeny and aired in April/May.
The other two coaches are Tim Bendzko and Henning Wehland.
She is the German voice of Jane in the motion capture animated film Tarzan 3D.  She also continued her engagement for the charity Giraffenaffen in several audiobooks.
In June she appered in a viral commercial for a shower head (Doosh) invented by her former mentor Stefan Raab.
The soundtrack of the commercial, Revolution by Raabs band Dicks on Fire featuring Lena Meyer-Landrut, was later released as Music download in October.
In March 2014 she continued her coaching work for The Voice Kids
Early 2014 she also announced starting principal work on her 4th studio album, including continued work with Israeli-American singer-songwriter Rosi Golan who already wrote the song Stardust.
2010: Eurovision Song Contest 2010 – 1st Place "Satellite" (Germany)
2010: Goldene Henne Honor Award  – "Ambassador of Charm"
2010: SWR3 New Pop Festival  – "Newcomer of the Year"
2010: 1LIVE Krone  – Best Artist
2010: 1LIVE Krone  – Best Single "Satellite"
2011: Goldene Kamera  – Best Music national
2011: Echo  – Best National Newcomer
2011: Echo – Best Female National Artist
2011: Comet – "Best Female Artist"
2011: MTV Europe Music Awards - "Best German Act"
2011: MTV Europe Music Awards – "Best European Act
2012: Echo  – Best Video
2013: MTV Europe Music Awards - "Best German Act"
2013: MTV Europe Music Awards – "Best European Act
2010: Comet – "Best Newcomer"
2010: Goldene Henne  – Reader's award of the SuperIllu magazine: Rock/Pop/Schlager
2010: Bravo Otto  – Best Singer
2011: Echo – Radio Echo for Satellit
2011: Echo – Single of the Year  – Satellite
2011: Echo – Album of the Year  – My Cassette Player
2011: Comet – Best Song  – "Satellite"
2011: MTV Europe Music Awards – "Best Worldwide Act"
2011: 1LIVE Krone  – Best Single - Taken by a Stranger
2012: Echo - Best Female National Artist
2012: Echo - Best Video  – Taken by a Stranger
2012: 1LIVE Krone  – Best Single  – Stardust
2012: Bravo Otto  – Best Singer
2013: Echo - Best Female National Artist
2013: Goldene Henne  – Reader's award of the SuperIllu magazine  – Music
2013: MTV Europe Music Awards – "Best Worldwide Act"
Profile  at BBC Online
Profile  at Eurovision.ndr.de
Profile at Unser-Star-fuer-Oslo.de
Videos of Meyer-Landrut's USFO performances at Unser-Star-fuer-Oslo.de
Video of Meyer-Landrut's Eurovision performance at NDR.de
[ Entry at Allmusic.com]
German pop singers
Troodontidae is a family of bird-like theropod dinosaurs.
They were found mainly in Mongolia, China and North America.
The first specimen, just a single tooth, was found in central Montana in 1855 by Ferdinand Hayden.
For a long time, troodontid fossils were few and scrappy.
Recently more complete specimens have been found.
There are now complete and articulated specimens, including  feathers, eggs and embryos, and complete juveniles.
In 1994 a fossil of an adult Troodon was found sitting on a nest with eight eggs.
Anatomical studies of the most primitive troodontids, like Sinovenator, demonstrate striking similarities with Archaeopteryx and primitive dromaeosaurids.
This proves they are relatives: they are a clade called Paraves.
The family have relatively large brains, a skull with many air pockets, a retractable second toe claw (it could be pulled in) and many teeth.
The number of teeth ranges from 96 in Saurornithoides mongoliensis to 120 in the Troodon.
Family Troodontidae
Halszkaraptor
Troodon (nomen dubium)
Undescribed/unnamed specimens
SPS 100/44 = EK troodontid
SPV 300/45 ("Lesse")
WDC DML 001 ("Lori")
Sinovenator is a small troodontid dinosaur, about the size of a chicken.
It is from the early Cretaceous period, 128.2 million years ago.
Two fossils were  found in the older (lower) portion of the Yixian Formation in China.
It was part of the Jehol biota.
The type specimen of Sinovenator changii was described in 2002.
The specimen is a partial skull and disarticulated skeleton.
A second specimen has connected bones, but lacks the skull.
Both are in the collection of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology in Beijing, China.
Sinovenator was a basal troodontid.
It shares features with the most primitive dromaeosaurids and Avialae.
This shows the common descent of these three members of the Paraves.
Dinosaurs of Asia
Paraves is a branch-based clade containing birds (clade Aves) and other closely related dinosaurs.
The paravians include the Avialae, such as Archaeopteryx, and the Deinonychosauria, which includes the dromaeosaurids and troodontids.
The name Paraves was coined by Paul Sereno in 1997.
The clade was defined by Sereno in 1998 as a branch-based clade containing all Maniraptora closer to modern birds than to Oviraptor.
The work of Xu and colleagues provide examples of basal and early paravians with four wings, including members of the Avialae (Pedopenna), Dromaeosauridae (Microraptor), and Troodontidae (Anchiornis).
Stan is the nickname given to a fossil of the dinosaur species Tyrannosaurus rex.
It was found in Hell Creek Formation, South Dakota, close to Buffalo in 1987 by Stan Sacrison, who also discovered the Tyrannosaurus specimen nicknamed "Duffy".
The original specimen is housed at the Black Hills Institute of Geological Research.
It is a well known specimen, and one of the most complete, with 199 bones recovered.
About 30 casts of the original fossil has been sold worldwide, each for a price of about $100 000.
Stan measures 10.9 metres long.
Worldwide Museum of Natural History homepage: Stan the T.rex by Pan Terra, 1999.
sv:Tyrannosaurus#Berömda skelett
Treponema pallidum is a parasitic spirochaete bacterium.
There are different kinds of Treponema pallidum, which cause diseases like syphilis, bejel, pinta and yaws.
The most common disease caused by Treponema pallidum is syphilis, a serious sexually transmitted infection.
Syphilis is treated and cured by taking antibiotics.
Usually, the first treatment used is penicillin.
Antibiotic resistance has developed to a number of agents.
Ceftriaxone, a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, may be as effective as penicillin-based treatment.
Persuasion is the story of a second chance of lost love.
Anne Elliot is the second daughter of Sir Walter Elliot, a proud and foolish baronet.
Sir Walter Elliot is a widower with no son, so his land will go to a cousin, William Elliot.
Eight years before the story begins, Anne had been engaged to a young naval officer, Frederick Wentworth.
However, her mother's friend Lady Russell persuaded her to break off the engagement because he had no fortune.
Sadly, she had done so, and Wentworth had angrily left her.
Austen writes: "She had been forced into prudence in her youth, she learned romance as she grew older–the natural sequel (following) of an unnatural beginning."
Later, Cassandra Austen wrote beside it in her copy of Persuasion, "Dear, dear Jane!
This deserves to be written in letters of gold."
Eight years later, her younger sister Mary has married a neighbor, Charles Musgrove.
Anne is growing older, her family does not care about her, and she greatly regrets breaking off the engagement.
Sir Walter is forced to stop spending so much money.
Therefore, he decides to let his house to Admiral Croft and move to Bath for a while.
Anne goes to stay with Mary.
Anne discovers that Mrs. Croft, Admiral Croft's wife, is Captain Wentworth's sister.
He is introduced to the Musgrove family.
He has made much money, and is now a very desirable husband.
When he and Anne meet, Anne feels deeply unhappy.
He does not seem to care any more about her.
He flirts with the two Musgrove sisters.
Most people think that he will marry one of them.
They all go to visit Lyme Regis, where Wentworth's friend Captain Harville is staying.
Captain Harville had been mourning for his sister, who died young, and comforting Captain Benwick, who had been engaged to marry her.
In Lyme, Louisa Musgrove falls from the Cobb while playing with Captain Wentworth on the steps and is seriously injured.
Captain Wentworth feels very guilty, and realizes everyone thinks he will marry her if she becomes well again.
Anne joins her father and sister in Bath.
They are both being flattered by a widow, Mrs. Clay, the daughter of their family lawyer.
William Elliot joins the family.
Lady Russell encourages his attentions to Anne, but Anne feels unsure about him.
Suddenly, news comes that Louisa is better, and that she and Benwick are engaged.
Wentworth appears in Bath, and becomes jealous of Mr. Elliot.
Wentworth believes that Anne and Mr. Elliot are engaged to be married.
However, Anne did not answer Mr. Elliot's marriage proposal.
She later learns from an old friend, Mrs. Smith, that Mr. Elliot is a bad person.
Mr. Elliot is afraid that Sir Walter and Mrs. Clay will have a son, who would then inherit Sir Walter's land.
Mr. Elliot wants to marry Anne because he is attracted to her, but also make Mrs. Clay his mistress.
Anne is shocked by this news.
Anne and Captain Harville talk about love, and whether women or men love for a longer time.
After hearing them talk about this, Wentworth writes a letter to Anne.
He tells Anne that he still loves her, and asks her to marry him again.
She joyously says yes.
The Praetorian Guard  was a force of bodyguards used by Roman Emperors.
The title was first used for the guards of generals in the Roman Republic.
Their commander, the Praetorian Prefect, was often an important figure in the political planning in Rome.
The Guard was stopped and disbanded by Emperor Constantine I in the fourth century AD.
The term Praetorian derived from the tent of the commanding general or praetor of a Roman army in the field, known as the praetorium.
It was a habit of many Roman generals to choose from the ranks a private force of soldiers to act as guards of their person.
This elite group of Roman citizens consisted of both infantry and cavalry.
In time, this cohort came to be known as the cohors praetoria, and various notable figures had one of those guard groups, including Julius Caesar, Mark Antony and Augustus (Octavian).
As Caesar discovered with the 10th Legion Equestris, a powerful mounted unit was desirable in the field.
When Augustus became the first ruler of the Roman Empire in 27 BC, he decided such a formation was useful not only on the battlefield but in politics also.
Thus, from the ranks of the legions throughout the provinces, Augustus recruited the Praetorian Guard.
Through the cunning of their ambitious prefect, Sejanus, the Guard was brought from their Italian barracks into Rome itself.
In AD 23, Sejanus convinced Tiberius to have the Praetorian fort built just outside Rome.
One of the cohorts held the daily guard at the imperial palace.
Henceforth the entire Guard was at the disposal of the emperors, but the rulers were now equally at the mercy of the Praetorians.
The reality of this was seen in AD 31 when Tiberius was forced to rely upon his own cohors praetoria against partisans of Sejanus.
Although the Praetorian Guard proved faithful to the aging Tiberius, their potential political power had been made clear.
While campaigning, the Praetorians were the equal of any formation in the Roman Army.
Seldom used in the early reigns, they were quite active by AD 69.
Under Domitian and Trajan, the guard took part in wars from Dacia to Mesopotamia, while with Marcus Aurelius, years were spent on the Danube frontier.
Throughout the 3rd century, the Praetorians assisted the emperors in various campaigns.
The relationship between the Guard and their Emperor was always sensitive.
Bribing the Guard was a common theme in Imperial history.
Sejanus almost took over the running of the Empire, before Tiberius overcame, and later executed, him.
A number of Roman Emperors were murdered or otherwise deposed by the Guard, or with their knowledge.
The first was Caligula.
Claudio Pizarro (born 3 October 1978) is a Peruvian football player.
He has played for the Peruvian national team.
|1996||rowspan="2"|Deportivo Pesquero||rowspan="2"|Primera División||16||3||||||||||||||16||3
|1997||25||8||||||||||||||25||8
|1998||rowspan="2"|Alianza Lima||rowspan="2"|Primera División||22||7||||||||||||||22||7
|1999||22||18||||||||||||||22||18
|1999/00||rowspan="2"|Werder Bremen||rowspan="2"|Bundesliga||25||10||5||2||colspan="2"|-||9||3||39||15
|2000/01||31||20||1||0||colspan="2"|-||5||4||37||24
|2001/02||rowspan="6"|Bayern Munich||rowspan="6"|Bundesliga||30||15||4||0||colspan="2"|-||14||4||48||19
|2002/03||31||14||6||2||colspan="2"|-||7||2||44||18
|2003/04||31||11||4||1||colspan="2"|-||7||0||42||12
|2004/05||23||11||5||6||colspan="2"|-||7||4||35||21
|2005/06||26||11||5||5||colspan="2"|-||6||1||37||17
|2006/07||33||8||2||0||colspan="2"|-||10||4||45||12
|2007/08||Chelsea||Premier League||21||2||3||0||4||0||3||0||31||2
|2008/09||rowspan="2"|Werder Bremen||rowspan="2"|Bundesliga||26||17||5||4||colspan="2"|-||15||7||46||28
Total||55||13
Edílson José da Silva (born 8 December 1978) is a Brazilian football player.
He plays for Al-Ansar Beirut.
|2004||Avispa Fukuoka||J. League 2||15||2||2||1||17||3
|1998||Avispa Fukuoka||J. League 1||15||1||0||0||0||0||15||1
Petri Pasanen (born 24 September 1980) is a Finnish football player.
He plays for F.C. Red Bull Salzburg in the Austrian Bundesliga and the Finland national team.
He started with Kuusysi Lahti and soon raised the interest of European top teams.
In 2000 he went to Ajax Amsterdam and became a regular player in the first squad.
In August 2001 he broke his leg and missed most of the 2001/02 season.
After his injury he came back to the team.
With Ajax he reached the quarterfinals of the UEFA Champions League in the 2003/04 season.
During the second half of the 2003/04 season he was on loan at English club Portsmouth in the Premier League.
Portsmouth manager Harry Redknapp was interested in buing Pasanen at the end of the season, but the price was to high.
So Pasanen signed with SV Werder Bremen in the German Bundesliga.
After the end of his contract on 30 June 2011 he left Werder Bremen and signed for Red Bull Salzburg in the Austrian Bundesliga.
He became a regular player from the beginning.
Pasanen is also a regular for the Finland national team.
He made his international debut on 15 November 2000 against the Republic of Ireland.
Pasanen has mostly played at right back for Finland, and has also served as the national team's captain, when Sami Hyypiä and Jari Litmanen have not played.
Eredivisie: 2001–02
KNVB Cup: 2001–02
Johan Cruijff Shield: 2002
DFB Ligapokal: 2006
DFB-Pokal: 2008–09
|1996||Kuusysi Lahti||Ykkönen||2||0
|1997||Lahti||Ykkönen||15||0
|1997||rowspan="2"|Hämeenlinna||rowspan="2"|Ykkönen||4||0
|1998||rowspan="3"|Lahti||Ykkönen||15||1
|1999||rowspan="2"|Veikkausliiga||27||0
|2000/01||rowspan="4"|Ajax||rowspan="4"|Eredivisie||29||4
|2002/03||22||3
|2003/04||Portsmouth||Premier League||11||0
|2004/05||rowspan="6"|Werder Bremen||rowspan="6"|Bundesliga||23||1
Tsuyoshi Yoshitake (born 8 September 1981) is a Japanese football player.
|2000||rowspan="7"|Yokohama||Football League||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|2001||rowspan="6"|J. League 2||16||1||4||2||0||0||20||3
|2002||41||2||3||1||colspan="2"|-||44||3
|2003||14||2||2||1||colspan="2"|-||16||3
|2006||26||2||1||0||colspan="2"|-||27||2
|2007||rowspan="2"|Tokyo Verdy||J. League 2||5||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||5||1
|2009||Charleston Battery||USL First Division||26||6||3||2||colspan="2"|-||29||8
Caçapa (born 29 May 1976) is a Brazilian football player.
|1996||rowspan="5"|Atlético Mineiro||rowspan="5"|Série A||0||0
|1999||21||1
|2000||19||1
|2000/01||rowspan="7"|Olympique Lyonnais||rowspan="2"|Division 1||6||1
|2002/03||rowspan="5"|Ligue 1||36||2
|2007/08||rowspan="2"|Newcastle United||rowspan="2"|Premier League||19||1
Anthony Réveillère (born 10 November 1979) is a French football player.
|1997/98||rowspan="6"|Stade Rennais||rowspan="5"|Division 1||8||0
|2002/03||Ligue 1||20||1
|2002/03||Valencia||La Liga||18||2
|2003/04||rowspan="7"|Olympique Lyonnais||rowspan="7"|Ligue 1||31||1
|2008/09||19||0
Sébastien Squillaci (born 11 August 1980) is a French football player.
He plays for Sevilla and France national team.
|1997/98||Toulon||Division 2||6||0
|1998/99||rowspan="2"|Monaco||rowspan="2"|Division 1||0||0
|2000/01||rowspan="2"|Ajaccio||rowspan="2"|Division 2||36||2
|2002/03||rowspan="4"|Monaco||rowspan="4"|Ligue 1||35||3
|2004/05||28||2
|2006/07||rowspan="2"|Olympique Lyonnais||rowspan="2"|Ligue 1||28||3
|2008/09||rowspan="2"|Sevilla||rowspan="2"|La Liga||33||0
Julien Faubert (born 1 August 1983) is a French-Martiniquais football player.
|2001/02||rowspan="3"|Cannes||rowspan="3"|National||1||0||||||||||1||0
|2002/03||26||1||||||||||26||1
|2003/04||19||3||||||||||19||3
|2004/05||rowspan="3"|Girondins Bordeaux||rowspan="3"|Ligue 1||36||1||||||||||36||1
|2005/06||34||5||||||||||34||5
|2006/07||26||3||||||||||26||3
|2007/08||rowspan="2"|West Ham United||rowspan="2"|Premier League||7||0||1||0||0||0||8||0
|2008/09||20||0||2||0||2||0||24||0
|2008/09||Real Madrid||La Liga||2||0||||||||||2||0
|2009/10||West Ham United||Premier League||||||||||||||||
Henrik Pedersen (born 10 June 1975) is a Danish football player.
|1995/96||rowspan="7"|Silkeborg||rowspan="7"|Superliga||12||4
|1997/98||15||9
|1998/99||33||16
|1999/00||28||13
|2000/01||32||18
|2001/02||5||1
|2001/02||rowspan="6"|Bolton Wanderers||rowspan="6"|Premier League||11||0
|2002/03||33||7
|2003/04||33||7
|2004/05||27||6
|2007/08||Hull City||League Championship||21||4
|2008/09||rowspan="2"|Silkeborg||First Division||22||13
|2009/10||Superliga||||
Jonilson Clovis Nascimento Breves or Jonilson (born 28 November 1978) is a Brazilian football player.
|2005||Botafogo||Série A||36||0
|2006||Cruzeiro||Série A||17||0
|2007||Vegalta Sendai||J. League 2||42||0
|2008||Vasco da Gama||Série A||27||0
Willian Xavier Barbosa (born 22 September 1983) is a Brazilian football player.
He plays for Botafogo (SP).
David Kaufman (born July 23, 1961) is an American voice actor.
He is best known as the voice of Danny Phantom on the series of the same name.
Leonardo Augusto Vieira Moreira (born 4 February 1986) is a Brazilian football player.
|2005||rowspan="2"|Japan Soccer College||rowspan="2"|Regional Leagues||0||0||1||0||1||0
|2006||13||13||1||0||14||13
|2007||rowspan="2"|Sagan Tosu||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||27||5||3||0||30||5
|2008||27||4||2||0||29||4
|2009||Tokyo Verdy||J. League 2||3||0||0||0||3||0
|2009||rowspan="2"|Tochigi||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||14||1||1||0||15||1
Kurata was born in Fujieda on February 1, 1963.
After graduating from University of Tsukuba, he joined Japan Soccer League club Honda in 1986.
He played 77 matches and scored 5 goals for the club.
In 1991, he moved to Yomiuri and played in 1 season.
The club won 1991 JSL Cup and 1991/92 Japan Soccer League.
In September 1986, Kurata was selected the Japan national team for 1986 Asian Games.
At this competition, on September 20, he debuted against Nepal.
He played 6 games for Japan until 1987.
After retirement, Kurata started coaching career at Avispa Fukuoka in 1995.
He mainly served as an assistant coach until 2006.
In 2007, he moved to Vissel Kobe.
In 2010, he moved to J2 League club FC Gifu and became a manager.
In 2012, he moved to China and signed with Dalian Aerbin.
In 2014, he became a manager at the club.
He returned to Japan in 2015 and he became a manager for J2 club Tochigi SC in July and managed the club until end of 2015 season.
In 2021, he signed with J3 League club Fujieda MYFC.
|1986/87||rowspan="5"|Honda||rowspan="5"|JSL Division 1||20||1||3||1||4||3||27||5
|1987/88||15||2||3||0||3||1||21||3
|1988/89||17||0||||||1||0||18||0
|1989/90||8||1||2||1||0||0||10||2
|1990/91||17||1||||||0||0||17||1
|1991/92||Yomiuri||JSL Division 1||2||0||1||0||4||0||7||0
Yōsuke Saito (born 7 April 1988) is a Japanese football player.
|2007||rowspan="4"|Yokohama F. Marinos||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||11||0||1||0||3||1||15||1
Non-penetrative sex is a form of sexual activity which does not involve penetration of the vagina, anus, or mouth, unlike doing penetration in sex.
Medical professionals accept the term of non-penetrative sex.
It is a way to practice safer sex and of birth control as bodily fluids are not exchanged between partners.
The form of sex is practised between partners who do not feel ready, are not physically able, cannot or simply do not want to have socially appropriate penetrative sex, but still wish to do a sexual act.
Non-penetrative sex among others includes types
Dry humping; the rubbing of genitals through clothes
Armpit sex; stimulating the penis in the other person's armpit.
Erotic massage; rubbing all over the body, with or without oil.
Handjob; stimulating the penis with the hand.
Footjob; stimulating genitals with the feet.
penis-to-penis rubbing.
penis stimulation between the other partner's thighs.
penis stimulation between the other partner's buttocks.
penis stimulation between the other partner's breasts.
Oral stimulation of nipples.
Fingering; stimulating the vagina or anus with the fingers.
|2007||rowspan="5"|Yokohama F. Marinos||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|2009||5||0||0||0||5||0||10||0
|2012||F.C. Machida Zelvia||||||||||||||
is an -Iranian-Japanese professional athlete.
|2007||rowspan="5"|Yokohama F. Marinos||rowspan="6"|J. League 1||2||0||0||0||0||0||2||0
|2008||8||1||3||0||4||0||15||1
|2009||21||0||3||0||7||1||31||1
|2012||F.C. Tokyo||||||||||||||
FC Tokyo, Ariajasuru Hasegawa
The greatest common divisor (gcd) or highest common factor (HCF) of two integers x and y, usually written as , is the greatest (largest) number that divides both of the integers evenly.
GCDs are useful in simplifying fractions to the lowest terms.
Euclid came up with the idea of GCDs.
The GCD of any two positive integers can be defined as a recursive function:
The GCD of 20 and 12 is 4, since 4 times 5 equals 20 and 4 times 3 equals 12.
And since 3 and 5 have no common factor, their GCD is 1.
The Penguins of Madagascar is a Nicktoons spinoff series of the movie Madagascar.
Some of the original movie actors were not available to play their roles again.
Chris Miller, who had voiced Kowalski, is replaced by Jeff Bennett, Christopher Knights is replaced by James Patrick Stuart as the voice of Private, Danny Jacobs takes over from Sacha Baron Cohen as the voice of King Julien, and Cedric the Entertainer's character, Maurice, is replaced by Kevin Michael Richardson.
Tom McGrath (Returning) as Skipper / Zombie Skipper
Jeff Bennett (New) as Kowalski / Rat 1 / Pidgeon / Spell
John DiMaggio (Returning) as Rico / Bada / Burt / Rattlesnake / Bitsy Wildcat
James Patrick Stuart (New) as Private / Joey / Delivery Man
Danny Jacobs (New) as King Julien XIII / Roy
Kevin Michael Richardson (New) as Maurice / Rat 2 / Bing
Andy Richter (Returning) as Mort
Nicole Sullivan (New) as Marlene
Neil Patrick Harris (Guest Star) as Dr. Blowhole
In mathematics, a power of two is any number which is an integer power of two.
Powers of two are important in binary just as powers of ten (like 1, 10, 100, etc.)
are important in decimal.
The numbers one less than powers of two are called Mersenne numbers.
In mathematics, a piecewise function is a function that is defined using multiple rules.
Each rule specifies the function values for a portion of the domain, and the rules are conjoined together using the  symbol.
For example, there might be a function which gives  when x > 0, and  when x ≤ 0.
Hyperoperation—an example of piecewise function
da:Stykkevis lineær funktion
The Elgin Marbles or Parthenon Marbles are a series of ancient Greek sculptures of relief  made from marble.
They were originally part of the Parthenon temple in Athens but they were taken by Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin in the early 1800s.
Many people, including the Greek government, have argued that Elgin stole the marbles and did not take them legally.
They are on display in the British Museum.
The Greek government asked to have them back many times.
In 2014 UNESCO offered to mediate but the museum declined.
A mockumentary is a movie that pretends to be a documentary.
It pretends to tell a true story, but is really a work of fiction.
The word is a combination (a portmanteau word) of "mock" (meaning fake or false) and "documentary".
Websters Dictionary definition
Lists of Mockumentary at UC Berkeley Mockumentary Collection
Mockumentary - Reflexivity, satire and a call to play
Waiting for Guffman is a musical mockumentary movie made in 1997.
It was directed by Christopher Guest, who also stars in the movie.
The movie is set in the small town of Blaine, Missouri, which is not a real town.
The town decides to perform a musical called Red, White and Blaine to celebrate the 150th anniversary of the town, and invites a famous theater critic named  to see it, hoping that he will make the play famous.
The name of the movie is a reference to the play Waiting for Godot by Samuel Beckett.
In that play, the two main characters are waiting for a man named Godot, who never shows up.
In Waiting for ,  never shows up, either.
An abundant number is a number  for which its sum of divisors is greater than .
12 is an abundant number because .
18 is also an abundant number because .
The series is in the Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences (Sloane) as A005101.
List of abundant numbers
An ant mill is a small group of army ants away from the other ants.
They lose the pheromone track and begin to follow each other, making a spinning circle.
The ants will die of exhaustion.
People can make this happen easily.
This is a side effect of the self organizing structure of ant colonies.
Each ant only knows to follow the ant in front of it.
This will work until something goes wrong and an ant mill forms.
An ant mill was first seen by William Beebe who saw a mill 1,200 feet in circumference.
It took each ant 2.5 hours to go around.
Acanthomyops is a genus of ant in the family Formicidae.
It has the following species:
Acanthomyops arizonicus (Wheeler, 1917)
Acanthomyops bureni Wing, 1968
Acanthomyops californicus (Wheeler, 1917)
Acanthomyops claviger (Roger, 1862)
Acanthomyops colei Wing, 1968
Acanthomyops coloradensis (Wheeler, 1917)
Acanthomyops creightoni Wing, 1968
Acanthomyops interjectus (Mayr, 1866)
Acanthomyops latipes (Walsh, 1863)
Acanthomyops mexicanus (Wheeler, 1914)
Acanthomyops murphyi (Forel, 1901)
Acanthomyops occidentalis (Wheeler, 1909)
Acanthomyops plumopilosus (Buren, 1941)
Acanthomyops pogonogynus (Buren, 1950)
Acanthomyops pubescens (Buren, 1942)
Acanthomyops subglaber (Emery, 1893)
BugGuide.net - search results for Citronella Ants
it:Acanthomyops
Acanthomyops latipes is a species of ant in the family Formicidae.
It is endemic to North America.
|2007||Vegalta Sendai||J. League 2||0||0||0||0||0||0
|2007||Perada Fukushima||Regional Leagues||5||7||colspan="2"|-||5||7
Leandro Teixeira Dantas (born 17 August 1987) is a Brazilian football player.
Enílton Menezes de Miranda (born 11 October 1977) is a Brazilian football player.
|1998/99||rowspan="2"|Yverdon-Sport||Nationalliga B||9||1
|1999/00||Nationalliga A||18||4
|1999/00||rowspan="2"|Sion||Nationalliga B||13||8
|2000/01||Nationalliga A||14||4
|2001||Coritiba||Série A||13||3
|2002/03||Tigres UANL||Primera División||0||0
|2003||Atlético Mineiro||Série A||2||0
|2003||rowspan="2"|Vitória||rowspan="2"|Série A||10||0
|2005||Juventude||Série A||25||17
|2006||Palmeiras||Série A||26||8
|2007||Omiya Ardija||J. League 1||11||0
|2007||Vasco da Gama||Série A||9||1
A lady-in-waiting (also called waiting maid) is a female personal helper at a noble court.
A lady in waiting would be in charge of waking, dressing and accompanying a lady in her daily activities She helps a queen, a princess, or other noblewoman.
A lady-in-waiting is often a noblewoman of a lower rank than the one she goes to.
She is not thought to be a servant.
Their duties are different depending on the court.
People with artistic talents were usually chosen.
In Russia, girls between "fourteen or twenty [sic]" were chosen, and left the court when she married.
People like Anne Boleyn, Jane Seymour, Catherine Howard, and Catherine Parr were all ladies-in-waiting.
Famous ladies-in-waiting
The princesse de Lamballe (Lady-in-waiting to Marie Antoinette)
Anne Boleyn, Jane Seymour, Catherine Howard, and Catherine Parr (all eventually wives of Henry VIII of England)
Leandro da Fonseca Euzébio (born 18 August 1981) is a Brazilian football player.
|2007||rowspan="2"|Omiya Ardija||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||28||1||1||0||2||0||31||1
|2008||30||2||2||0||4||0||36||2
Paulo Nunes (born 30 October 1971) is a former Brazilian football player.
|1991||rowspan="4"|Flamengo||rowspan="4"|Série A||7||1
|1992||21||2
|1994||16||1
|1995||rowspan="3"|Grêmio||rowspan="3"|Série A||15||5
|1996||27||16
|1997/98||Benfica||Portuguese Liga||5||2
|1998||rowspan="2"|Palmeiras||rowspan="2"|Série A||22||12
|1999||17||6
|2000||Grêmio||Série A||18||2
|2001||Corinthians Paulista||Série A||6||3
|2002||Gama||Série A||12||1
Shizuo Takada (born 5 August 1947) is a former Japanese football player and referee.
Medical microbiology studies development and progress of the infectious disease in a patient and in human population (epidemiology).
It is related to the study of disease pathology and immunology.
It is a branch of medicine and microbiology and includes five sciences: bacteriology, virology, parasitology, immunology and mycology.
History of medical microbiology
Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch are the founders of medical microbiology.
Louis Pasteur is famous for his experiments when he disproved the theory of spontaneous generation.
He offered method for food preservation (pasteurization) and vaccines against anthrax, fowl cholera and rabies.
Robert Koch contributed to the germ theory of disease, provided that specific diseases were caused by specific microbes.
He developed criteria known as the Koch's postulates and was among first to isolate bacteria in pure culture resulting in his description of several bacteria including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis.
Fields in medical microbiology
Microbial physiology is the study of microbial growth, microbial metabolism and microbial cell structure.
Microbial genetics is the study of how genes are organized and regulated in microbes in relation to their cellular functions.
Parasitology investigates parasites.
The specimen here is feces, blood, urine, sputum, and other samples.
Virology identifies viruses in specimens of blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid.
Immunology/Serology uses antigen-antibody interaction as a diagnostic tool, determines compatibility of transplanted organs.
He provides clinical consultations on the investigation, diagnosis, and treatment of patients suffering from infectious diseases.
He establishes and directs infection control programs across public health care, infectious disease prevention and epidemiology.
He provides the scientific and administrative direction of a clinical microbiology laboratory.
Such laboratory receives almost any clinical specimen, including swabs, feces, urine, blood, sputum, cerebrospinal fluid, synovial fluid, possible infected tissue.
The work here is mainly concerned with cultures, to look for suspected pathogens which, if found, are identified based on biochemical tests.
In addition, sensitivity testing is carried out to determine whether the pathogen is sensitive or resistant to a suggested medicine.
Results are reported with the identified organism(s) and the type and amount of drug(s) that should be prescribed for the patient.
Medical microbiologist is also involved in teaching at all levels, and in research.
It provided the development of vaccines against invading organisms.
Deadly and debilitating diseases such as small pox, polio, and tuberculosis have been either eradicated or become more treatable.