the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
The tradition started in the Heian era.
"Momijigari" , Japanese events calendar
The term bloom mostly means one or more flowers on a flowering plant.
The word may also be used as a metaphor for young people at the peak of their beauty or health.
See also Blossom.
Club Blooming is a football (soccer) club and academy from Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia.
Bloom (novel) is a science fiction novel by Wil McCarthy.
Bloom (boutique) is a specialty boutique in Newark, Delaware.
Bloom (movie) is a 2004 movie based on James Joyce's novel Ulysses.
Bloom (band) is an Australian trip hop band from the mid-1990s.
Bloom is the name of several record albums.
See Bloom (album)
Bloom (Winx Club) is a fictional character from the Winx Club animated series.
In direct reduced iron, bloom is the name for an unconsolidated mass of iron metal, mixed with remains of slag and charcoal that is produced in the 'bloomery' process.
The same term is used for a similar mass of iron metal produced in the finery process.
Bloom is also the name for a section of steel, with the dimensions of 630 mm wide, 400 mm high and 6 m long.
Compare with billet and slab.
Bloom filter is a probabilistic method to find a subset of a given set.
Charge-coupled device bloom is a property of CCD image sensors that causes charge from the potential well of one pixel to overflow into others.
Blooming (laser) is an effect of laser beams and particle beams in air.
See Directed-energy weapon#Blooming
Bloom (test) is a test to measure the strength of a gel or gelatin.
Bloom (shader effect) is a graphics effect used in modern 3D computer games.
Bloom is also used to refer to the whitish covering which sometimes appears on improperly  tempered chocolate.
Bloom is used to refer to the glaucous, bluish appearance of plant surfaces covered with epicuticular wax.
Bloom is a term to describe the process involving Meat.. All meat is more of a brown color until the oxygen hits it and the myoglobins turn it red..This process is called "blooming".
If Meat is deprived of oxygen the same applies..it will turn dark in those spots that, touch something.
The meat "blooms" when exposed to air and turns red.
A bloom can be a large swarm (or "smack") of jellyfish.
The phenomenon of algal bloom.
Bloom on fruit such as plums or grapes is a white or bluish covering.
Once thought to be wild yeast cells, it is now known to be waxy coverings to the epithelial cells of the fruit, presumably intended to provide some protection from environmental damage.
People named Bloom
Allan Bloom (1930–1992), American philosopher and author.
Benjamin Bloom (1913–1999), American educator.
Bobby Bloom (1946–1974), American singer songwriter best known for one hit wonder "Montego Bay" in 1970.
Claire Bloom (born 1931), British actor.
David Bloom (1963–2003), NBC journalist.
Harold Bloom (1930–2019), American literary critic.
Harry Bloom (1913–1981), South African novelist and activist.
Howard Bloom (born 1943), American author.
Luka Bloom (born 1955), Irish musician.
Matthew Bloom (born 1972), American wrestler.
Leopold Bloom and Molly Bloom, fictional characters in James Joyce's Ulysses.
Orlando Bloom (born 1977), English actor.
Ursula Bloom (1892–1984), English writer.
Verna Bloom (1938–2019), American actress, best known for role in Animal House.
Bloom (store) is a U.S. supermarket chain operated by Food Lion LLC.
Bloom Public School is a K–12 school in Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, India.
Ancient means very old.
The word can also be used in these ways:
Ancient history — the period of written history starting more or less 5,000–5,500 years ago.
Ancient (band) — the progressive black metal musical group.
Ancient (company) — the Japanese software developer.
Ancient — used to refer to an ensign in medieval times, appearing in texts such as Shakespeare's Othello.
Calm is an adjective meaning peaceful, quiet; particularly used of the weather, free from wind or storm, or of the sea, opposed to rough.
The word appears in French calme, through which it came into English, in Spanish, Portuguese and Italian calma.
is a Japanese castle which is in Himeji in Hyōgo Prefecture.
It includes 83 buildings made of wood.
It is sometimes known as Hakurojō or Shirasagijō ("White Heron Castle") because of its brilliant white exterior.
It is a Japanese National Cultural Treasure.
Several movies have been filmed at the castle, like Akira Kurosawa's Kagemusha and Ran; The Last Samurai  starring Tom Cruise; and the Shogun 1980 TV-miniseries/movie starring Richard Chamberlain.
Himeji Castle Guide
Himeji castle website  (requires Macromedia Flash plugin)
Official UNESCO page for Himeji castle
Himeji Tourist Information・Worlds Cultural Heritege Himeji castle
Himeji Castle - LOCATION VIEW Himeji Edition (Tourist Guide with 360 degree movie map)
The Tang Dynasty (Chinese: 唐朝; Pinyin: Táng Cháo) (18 June 618 – 4 June 907) was an imperial dynasty of China.
It came after the Sui Dynasty and was followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period.
It was founded by the Li (李) family, who came to power during the fall of the Sui Empire.
The dynasty was interrupted for a short time by the Zhou Dynasty (周) (16 October 690 – 3 March 705) founded by Empress Wu Zetian who managed to claim the throne, becoming the first and only Chinese Empress.
The Tang Dynasty, with its capital at Chang'an (today Xi'an), was the biggest city in the world at the time.
It is considered by historians as a high point in Chinese civilization—maybe even greater than the earlier Han Dynasty—as well as a golden age of cosmopolitan culture.
Empress Wu, the first woman to ever rule in China, was also included in the Tang Dynasty.
Her methods were sometimes vicious, but she was very intelligent and talented.
The Tang Dynasty at the Metropolitan Museum of Art
Home of 300 Tang Poems, University of Virginia
The Tang Dynasty  at AsianSpiritGallery
7th-century establishments in Asia
10th-century disestablishments in Asia
907 disestablishments
Divination (Greek μαντεια, from μαντις "seer") is an attempt to get information through omens or supernatural things.
The verb form is to divine, but this should not be confused with the adjective divine.
Divining the outcome of things has been done by many different methods, such as the ones listed below.
Divination is different from fortune-telling.
Divination is more ritual, usually religious.
Fortune-telling is more for personal things.
Types of divination
Astrology (by celestial bodies)
Ailuromancy (by the behaviour of felines)
Augury (by the flight of birds)
Aura-Soma, based on colors
Bibliomancy (by book, frequently but not always a religious text)
Cartomancy (by cards, e.g., playing cards, tarot cards, and non-tarot oracle cards; see also Taromancy)
Cheiromancy (by palms; see Palmistry)
Chronomancy (by time; lucky/unlucky days)
Coscinomancy (by a sieve)
Crystallomancy (by crystals or other reflecting objects; see also Scrying)
Extispicy (from the entrails of sacrificed animals)
Geomancy (by earth), includes Feng Shui divination
Graphology (by handwriting)
I Ching divination (ancient Chinese divination using I Ching): (But using an I Ching manual can make it also a form of Bibliomancy/Stichomancy)
Heruspicy (by the organs of sacrificed animals)
Necromancy (by trying to ask the dead)
Numerology (by numbers)
Oneiromancy/Incubatio (by dreams)
Onomancy (by names)
Ouija board divination
Palmistry (by palm inspection)
Phrenology (by the shape of one's head)
Pyromancy, or pyroscopy (by fire)
Rhabdomancy divination by rods
Scrying ("seeing" in a crystal ball, a mirror, or water)
Runecasting / Runic divination (by runes)
Sternomancy (by markings or bumps on the chest)
Taromancy (by specially designed cards: Tarot; see also Cartomancy)
Apple Divination
Ancient Astrology and Divination on the Web , resources on Greco-Roman and Mesopotamian divination
W. R. Halliday, Greek Divination  (1913), a complete scanned edition of the most recent general treatment of Greek divination
1913 Catholic Encyclopedia: Divination
Divination Methods
Encyclopedia Iranica: Divination
Theory of Divination by Tim Maroney, exploring different possibilities
An offering is a donation during religious worship.
See also alms, tithe, charity, gift and virtue.
An offering can mean a religious sacrifice of plant, animal or human life (blood sacrifice), or a sacrifice of precious things.
An offering may also be in money, or may be of a purely spiritual nature, like offering one's heart or life to God (see also Oblation).
An offering, in Buddhism, is a form of prayer.
A large meal.
A Festival
A day (or the celebration on that day) in honor of a certain saint, in Christianity.
was the 52nd emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.
Saga's reign started in 809 and ended in 823.
Before he became the monarch, this prince's personal name (imina) was .
He was the son of Emperor Kammu, and he was the younger brother of Emperor Heizei by the same mother.
Saga was known as a good writer.
He sponsored the first imperial poetry competitions (naien).
Events of Saga's life
17 June 809 (Daidō 4, 1st day of the 4th month): In the 4th year of Emperor Heizei's reign, he was very sick and he abdicated.
The succession (senso) was received by his younger brother  Then the new emperor is said to have acceded to the throne (sokui).
24 August 842 (Jōwa 9, 15th day of the 7th month): Saga died at the age of 57.
According to the Imperial Household Agency, the mausoleum  (misasagi) of Heizei is near Daikaku-ji in Ukyō-ku, Kyoto.
The emperor is traditionally venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine at this location.
Eras of reign
The years of Kammu's reign are identified by more than one era name (nengō).
Daidō             (806-810)
Kōnin (810-824)
In ancient Japan, there were four noble clans, the Gempeitōkitsu (源平藤橘).
One of these clans, the Minamoto clan are also known as Genji (源氏).
The Saga Genji (嵯峨源氏) are said to be descended from Emperor Saga.
Emperor Go-Saga
Gate at Saga's mausoleum
785 births
842 deaths
Kriss Donald (2 July 1988 – 15 March 2004) was a Scottish boy who was kidnapped, tortured and stabbed to death by five Pakistani Muslims because he was white.
The murderers were later convicted of his murder and sentenced to life imprisonment.
2004 in the United Kingdom
2000s in Scotland
British murder victims
Kidnapped British people
Murder in 2004
Murder in Scotland
People murdered in the United Kingdom
Imperial Court in Kyoto was the government of Japan from 794 AD until the Meiji Era, in which the court was moved to Tokyo.
It was moved by Empress Gemma.
Buildings and structures in Kyoto Prefecture
8th-century establishments in Japan
1860s disestablishments in Japan
794 establishments
Úhořilka is a small village in the Havlíčkův Brod District, Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic.
51 people live in Úhořilka.
It covers 2,52 km².
It was first documented in 1454.
Temporary is a term that shows a finite period of time, with a clear beginning and an end.
It is derived from the Latin temporarius "of seasonal character, lasting a short time," from tempus (gen.
temporis) "time, season."
It is the opposite of permanent.
It could also mean any of the following:
temporary variable
temporary folder (often named :/tmp or :/var/tmp on Unix-like systems)
temporary filesystem
, "pictures of the floating world", is a genre of Japanese woodblock prints.
They were produced between the 17th and the 20th centuries and showed landscapes, tales from history, the theatre, and brothels.
It is the main artistic genre of woodblock printing in Japan.
Ukiyo-e were cheap because they could be mass-produced.
They were meant for mainly townsmen, who were generally not rich enough to pay an original painting.
The original subject of ukiyo-e was city life, in particular activities and scenes from the entertainment district.
Beautiful courtesans, big Sumo wrestlers and popular actors would be portrayed while doing interesting activities.
Later on landscapes also became popular.
To this day, Ukiyo-e is still very popular across the world.
"Living only for the moment, turning our full attention to the pleasures of the moon, the snow, the cherry blossoms and the maple leaves; singing songs, drinking wine, diverting ourselves in just floating, floating; ... refusing to be disheartened, like a gourd floating along with the river current: this is what we call the floating world".
A Guide to the Ukiyo-e Sites of the Internet
Kuniyoshi Project
Gallery with a lot of info
Overviews of the Printmaking Process detailed description of the stages of printmaking with many illustrations
, also called Hiroshige,  was a Japanese artist.
He was a master of the ukiyo-e style of woodblock prints and painting.
List of print series
Famous Places in the Eastern Capital (Tōto Meisho jukkei), 1831
36 Views of Mount Fuji (Fuji Sanjū-Rokkei), 1832
53 Stations of the Tōkaidō (Tōkaidō Gojūsantsugi), 1832-1834
Famous Scenes of Our Country (Honcho meisho), 1832-1837
Famous Scenes of Kyoto (Kyōto meisho), 1834-1835
Famous Scenes of Osaka (Ōsaka meisho), 1834-1835
Eight Views of Omi (Ōmi hakkei), 1834-1835
69 Stations of the Kisokaidō (Kisokaidō Rokujūkyūtsugi no uchi), 1835-1842
53 Stations of the Tōkaidō, Kyōka version (Kyōka Tōkaidō), 1839-1840
53 Stations of the Tōkaidō, Gyōsho version (Gyōsho Tōkaidō), 1841-1842
53 Stations of the Tōkaidō, Reisho version (Reisho Tōkaidō), 1848-1852
53 Stations of the Tōkaidō, Jinbutsu version (Jinbutsu Tōkaidō, 1848-1852).
Famous Scenes of Edo (Edo meisho, 1853).
Famous Scenes of the 60 Provincess (Rokujū yoshū meisho zue), 1853-1858
Famous Scenes of the 53 estaciones (Gojūsantsugi meisho zue, 1855).
100 Famous Views of Edo (Meisho Edo hyakkei), 1856-1858
36 Views of Mount Fuji (Fuji Sanjū-Rokkei), 1858-1859
Ukiyo-e from Kachō-ga : Pictures of Flowers and Birds:
Some Ukiyo-e from 53 Statuibs if the Tōkaidō
Some Ukiyo-e from One Hundred Famous Views of Edo
images and descriptions of works by Hiroshige and his contemporaries
Ando Hiroshige – Free source of information and pictures
Hiroshige at WebMuseum Paris
Christian Science Monitor article
Profile of Hiroshige
Brooklyn Museum: Exhibitions: One Hundred Famous Views of Edo
Utagawa Hiroshige at Hill-Stead Museum, Farmington, Connecticut
Japanese printmakers
Forecasting is studying and saying what is likely to happen in the future.
It is similar to predicting, but usually forecasting is done with scientific methods.
Forecasting can be done for many different things, like weather forecasting (predicting the weather) or economy forecasting.
Science cannot know the future for sure, so forecasters try to identify the most probable events, and sometimes they are wrong.
The  or JMA, is the  Japanese government's weather service.
It has the duty of getting the information on the weather and making the weather forecasts in Japan.
It also must observe and warn about earthquakes, typhoons, tsunamis and volcanic eruptions.
Ariwara no Narihira (, 825 - 9 July 880) was a Japanese poet and noble.
He was the fifth son of Prince Abo, a son of Emperor Heizei.
His mother Princess Ito was a daughter of Emperor Kammu, so he was family to Emperor Kammu by both his mother and father.
Along with his other brothers, he was forced to have a civilian life and did not live in the Imperial Court, getting a new clan name, Ariwara.
825 births
880 deaths
As of 2003, the town had an about 10,550 people living there and a density of 110.61 people per km².
The total area was 95.65 km².
Mt. Yoshino is famous for its 500,000 sakura trees.
They are planted in three gardens at different altitude so that they bloom at different times of the spring.
Yoshino town Official Site (in Japanese)
Towns in Japan
Settlements in Nara Prefecture
In 2003, about 22,813 people lived there, 70.03 people per km².
The total area is .
is a big public park in the Ueno section of Taito-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
It is in the site of an old Kan'eiji, a temple very related with the Tokugawa shoguns, who had built the temple to guard Edo Castle against the northeast.
The temple was destroyed during the Boshin War.
Ueno Park was created through an imperial land grant to the city of Tokyo by Emperor Taishō in 1924.
The official name of the park is , which can be translated as "Ueno Imperial Gift Park".
Geography of Japan
Mansa Musa (about 1280 – about 1337) was an emperor (manse) of the Mali Empire during the 14th century.
He became emperor in 1312.
He was the first African ruler to be famous in all of Europe and the Middle East.
Historians say he was the richest person to have ever lived.
Today, his wealth would be worth about US$400 billion.
Mansa Musa was the great nephew of Sundiata Keita, who started the Mali Empire.
He is famous for his Hajj (1324–5).
His caravan may have had 60,000 people carrying supplies and bags, 500 slaves each carrying a gold staff, and 80 to 100 camels each carrying 300 pounds of gold dust.
On his journey, he is said to have given out millions of dollars worth of gold.
He gave out so much gold in Cairo that the price of gold went down and stayed low for many years.
Mansa Musa stopped in many places on his way to Mecca for his Hajj.
These placed include Timbuktu and Gao.
He stopped every Friday at a destination and left enough gold for a mosque to be built.
Mansa Musa made Timbuktu a center of trade, culture and of Islam, which also helped increase the spread of Islam throughout Western Africa.
Mansa Musa also helped to spread Islam.
He was a devoted Muslim, and built many schools based on the teachings of the Qur'an.
He sent students to Islamic universities in northern Africa.
After his Hajj, European cartographers began to draw Mansa Musa on maps.
As the empire of Mali fell apart, Mansa Musa's reputation did as well; he was no longer drawn as a noble king on maps.
Instead, artists drew him to look uncivilized.
He was drawn as a parody of European royalty and a normal person with a crown.
Mansa Musa was married to Inari Kunate.
"Mansa Musa."
World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras.
ABC-CLIO, 2013.
4 Dec. 2013.
MacDonald, Kevin C. "Mansa Musa."
World Book, 2013.
Kane, Ousmane. "
Musa, Sultan of Mali."
Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim World.
Richard C. Martin.
New York: Macmillan Reference USA, 2004.Biography in Context.
History Channel: Mansa Moussa: Pilgrimage of Gold
Al-Umari's description of Mansa Musa's 1324 visit to Cairo
Sondiata and Mansa Musa on the Web  web directory
African Legends page
African Events Mansa Musa page
Mansa Musa , from Black History Pages
1280 births
1337 deaths
Malian people
Macon is a city in central Georgia, USA.
It is among the largest metropolitan areas in Georgia, and the county seat of Bibb County.
It is near the center of Georgia, more or less 75 miles (129 km) south of Atlanta, that's why the city's called the Heart of Georgia.
As of the 2000 census, Macon had a population of 97,255.
Macon is the sixth-largest city by population of the state.
Official City Government Website
Greater Macon Chamber of Commerce
Macon-Bibb County Convention and Visitors Bureau
Macon  (the New Georgia Encyclopedia)
is a classic work of Japanese literature.
It is believed to have been written by the Japanese noblewoman Murasaki Shikibu at the beginning of the 11th century, around the highest point of the Heian Period.
The form of the language used at that time is called Late Old Japanese.
The Tale of Genji is sometimes called the world's first novel, the first modern novel, or the first novel to still be considered a classic, but many readers do not agree on this.
Japanese cultural scholar Motoori Norinaga first used the term Mono no aware in his review of the book.
This term in now important in understanding Japanese literature.
The first translation of part of Genji Monogatari into English was by Suematsu Kencho.
It was notably translated by Japanese nun Jakucho Setouchi in 1998.
Arthur Waley made a free translation of the work, except for one chapter.
Edward Seidensticker made the first complete translation into English, using a more literal way than Waley.
The most recent English translation, by Royall Tyler (2002), also tries to respect the original text.
The Tale of Genji 1976 Seidensticker translation
Tale of the Genji woodcuts
Murasaki Shikibu: Genji monogatari (1987) An animated film based on The Tale of Genji.
The Picture Scroll of The Tale of Genji Some scans of the Genji Monogatari Emaki (Tale of Genji Scroll).
The Tale of Genji - La novela de Genji Site dedicated to The Tale of Genji .
The Tale of Genji A photographic guide to The Tale of Genji.
The Tale of Genji: Genealogical chart
was a Japanese shogun of the Edo period.
His ruled started in 1716 and ended in 1745.<ref name="nussbaum979">Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (
2005). [
https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&pg=PA979&dq= "Tokugawa Yoshimune"] in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 979.</ref>
Yoshimune's government worked to control the price of rice.
This earned him the nickname "Rice Shogun" or "Shogun of Rice" (kome-shōgun'').
1751 deaths
Shoguns
People from Wakayama Prefecture
(February 2, 1536 or March 26, 1537–September 18, 1598) was a military leader of Japan.
He was born in Owari (which is now called Nagoya city, Aichi prefecture).
He grew up to become a daimyo.
Hideyoshi came to power after his master, Oda Nobunaga, died.
He built the Osaka Castle in Osaka.
Then, Hideyoshi unified Japan.
He became a regent for the Emperor.
The time of Hideyoshi's rule is usually called the Momoyama period.
Toyotomi Hideyoshi made many changes in laws and culture.
For example, he made a law that only the samurai could carry weapons.
SengokuDaimyo.com The website of Samurai Author and Historian Anthony J. Bryant
was a Japanese author of the Shōwa period.
He wrote several famous poetic short stories such as "The Lemon", "Winter Days", and "Under the Cherry Trees".
He died at a young age and wrote few works, but his stories have become influential in Japanese culture.
For example, many high school students imitate the protagonist of his short story "Lemon", leaving a lemon in a department store.
And his first line  is usually said by Japanese people about the cherry-blossoms-watching custom of hanami.
A complete list of stories by Kajii (with literal English and Romaji titles) at Griffe - World's Literature
"An Inner Landscape" (tr.
Tony Gonzalez)
"Caress"  (tr.
Ursula Owen)
"The Feeling on the Bluff" text  and annotated Word format  (tr.
"Lemon"  plus a comment  (tr.
Candace Seu)
Japanese writers
Staff (stick), a stick or pole to help with walking, or to use as a weapon.
Employees, a group of people who work for a firm or other organization.
Staff (music) (or stave),  five horizontal lines used for writing musical notes.
Staff of office, a stick or pole used for ceremony by someone important.
Staff (building material), artificial stone product for ornamental uses.
Staff (military), the people of military command and planning.
Jacob's staff, a tool used in surveying.
Quarterstaff, a long pole used as a Medieval weapon.
Bō, a long stick used as a weapon, usually in Japanese martial arts.
Leopold Staff (1878–1957), a Polish poet.
Gun (staff), a weapon in Chinese martial arts.
staff is a safeworking apparatus used on single track railways.
The plural of “staff” is staves.
The word  stave can also be used as a singular noun to mean:
a single staff (music).
a curved wooden member which is used with others to form the side of a barrel.
Dumplings may be any of a wide variety of dishes, both sweet and salty, in several different cuisines.
They are either made from balls of dough or are small bits of food put into pastry, dough, batter, or leaves.they are mostly cooked in southern Africa in a pot covered by an airtight,strong plastic so that it gets to boil and observe the steam then the dough's size increases while boiling  They can be cooked in different methods, either by boiling or steaming.
Hank Williams, Sr. (
September 17, 1923 – January 1, 1953), born Hiram King Williams, was an American singer-songwriter and musicians.
Williams is known as "the Father of Country and Western Music", because his songs were some of the first to come from that .
As with many musical , Williams did not set out to create a new kind of music.
He simply wanted to make music that his listeners would enjoy, that he would also enjoy making for them.
Some of Williams's songs are "Your Cheatin' Heart", "Hey Good Lookin'", "Jambalaya", and "Cold, Cold Heart".
The songs were easy to remember, and many fans sang along when they heard them.
Other singers began to include Hank Williams songs in their .
Williams made recordings, performed on radio and early television, and also made live appearances.
Williams's parents, Elonzo Huble "Lon" Williams and Jessie Lillybelle "Lillie" Skipper married on November 12, 1916.
Hank Williams was of English-American ancestry.
Elonzo Williams worked as an engineer for the railroads of the W.T. Smith lumber company.
He was drafted during World War I, serving from July 1918 until June 1919.
He was severely injured after falling from a truck, breaking his collarbone and sustaining a severe hit to the head.
After his return, the family's first child, Irene, was born on August 8, 1922.
Another son of theirs died shortly after birth.
Their third child, Hiram, was born on September 17, 1923, in Mount Olive.
Since Elonzo Williams was a Mason, and his wife was a member of Order of the Eastern Star the child was named after Hiram I of Tyre (one of the three founders of the Masons, according to Masonic legend), but his name was misspelled as "Hiriam" on his birth certificate.
Williams was one of the first  to have problems with alcohol and drugs.
Well-meaning fans and friends would buy Williams drinks, or invite him to parties, and he would lose control.
He began to miss shows, and to give bad performances because of the effects of drugs and alcohol.
He lost many of his best engagements, and his  suffered.
Williams died at age 29 on January 1, 1953, after a  of alcohol drinking.
He left behind a wife and son, Hank Williams Jr., who also grew up to become a country musician.
Williams' songs are still popular, and sung by many musicians.
Hank Jr. performed his father's music for many years, but later found success with songs of his own.
Hank Williams Sings (1951)
Moanin' the Blues (1952)
Official Hank Williams Fan Club
Hank Williams' Boyhood Home & Museum
at the Country Music Hall of Fame – 1961 Inductee
at the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame &ndasg 1987 Inductee
at the Alabama Music Hall of Fame – 1985 Inductee
PBS – American Masters
Image of Hank Williams' death certificate
Sites related to final day
Country musicians from Alabama
The Sui Dynasty (, ) was an imperial dynasty of China between the years 581 and 618.
It followed the "Jin period" and was followed by the Tang Dynasty.
It ended nearly four centuries of division between rival regimes.
The Sui Dynasty was founded by Emperor Wen, or Yang Jian.
Sui Dynasty at mnsu.edu
581 establishments
618 disestablishments
is a meal that is common in Japanese cuisine, made to take away to be eaten somewhere else.
A traditional bento consists of rice, fish or meat, and one or more pickled or cooked vegetables as a side dish.
Containers for bento may be very different, from disposable mass produced to handcrafted lacquerware.
While bento meals can be bought at many stores and  in all of Japan, it is still considered a very important skill for a Japanese housewife to be able to prepare a good boxed lunch.
Bento can be very elaborate, aesthetically pleasing cuisine arrangements.
Often the food is arranged in such a way as to resemble other objects: dolls, flowers, leaves, and so forth.
For some special occasions like hanami, more elaborate and bigger bentos are prepared.
People often take bento for a picnic.
Types of bento
Bento are often sold in train stations.
These are called ekiben (駅弁).
Also,Bento are sold in airports.
These are called Soraben (空弁).Kyaraben (キャラ弁), is a shortened form of the two words character and bento and is becoming more popular.
Tamagoyaki (Japanese style omelette)
Karaage (deep-fried chicken)
Onigiri (rice ball)
Takosan Viennese (sausage like octopus)
Shogayaki (pork grilled ginger and soy sauce)
Bento*弁当 An artistic Bento blog site (Japanese & English).
Bento Corner An English language blog about creating bentos, especially bentos for children.
O-Bento Net
Bento Business  A UK bento site with a gallery of bento shops and accessories in Japan, plus illustrated bento recipes.
Cooking Cute: a bento site
Science Channel's The Making Series: #33 Making of Convenience Store Bento (video in Japanese)
My Lunch Can Beat Up Your Lunch!
FAQ An American site on making Bento.
Instructables How-To How to make a bento, also gives some history on bentos.
ekiben*駅弁 An explanation of ekiben.
club of kyaraben*キャラ弁  A Japanese kyaraben site.
A clown is a kind of entertainer, or performance artist, who performs physical comedy and stunts to amuse others.
They usually wear grease paint makeup that hides their real face, a large wig with brightly-colored hair, and baggy, padded clothing.
Many clowns belong to a circus, while others freelance or have a talent agent who helps them find work.
Some clowns study at a clown college or clown school, where they learn acrobatics, juggling and other physical skills, and ways to interact with an audience.
Others learn from experienced clowns, or through study and practice.
Clowns in popular culture
Clowns are sometimes mentioned in other forms of entertainment.
Pagliacci is an opera by Ruggero Leoncavallo, about clowns.
This theme was borrowed by Smokey Robinson, when he wrote "The Tears of a Clown" working with Stevie Wonder.
Red Skelton was a popular entertainer, who performed clown routines on television.
Ronald McDonald is a clown character who is the mascot of McDonald's restaurants. (
Jeff Giuliano, who performed Ronald for many years on television, later became a vegetarian.)
In many different media, clowns are often villains due to the possibility of them being creepy.
Examples are Pennywise from Stephen King's It and the Joker from the Batman universe.
Circuses
is a Japanese dumpling made from mochiko (rice flour).
It is sticky and filling.
It is often served with green tea.
Dango are eaten throughout the year, but the different types are traditionally eaten in certain seasons.
Three to four dango are often served on a skewer.
One variety of dango from Hokkaidō is made from potato flour and baked with shoyu (soy sauce).
A common Japanese proverb  is related to the custom of cherry blossom viewing (hanami).
Types of dango
There are many different varieties of dango which are usually named after the various seasonings served on or with it.
Botchan dango: Dango that is three colors.
One is colored by red beans, the second by eggs, and the third by green tea.
Botchan dango are often seen in Japanese anime, and are a common dish during hanami.
Chichi dango: Slightly-sweet, usually eaten as a dessert.
Goma: sesame seeds.
It is both sweet and salty.
Kinako: A toasted soy flour.
Kushi dango: Dangos held by a skewer
Mitarashi: A syrup made from shoyu (soy sauce), sugar and starch.
Popular with children and women.
Nori: dried and seasoned seaweed
Kibidango: made from millet, and are actually dumplings.
The most popular type of music stand is the metal one that can be folded up so that it is easy to carry about.
Some music stands are made of wood.
These are sometimes very  and therefore quite expensive.
Orchestras usually give their players very heavy metal music stands.
This is because the light, fold-up ones are easily knocked over.
It is also very difficult to write on music on a fold-up metal stand because there is nothing to press against (in rehearsals musicians often have to write fingering, bowing and other markings in the music).
There are also very small music stands that do not have legs and are designed to be put on a table.
These can be used for any kind of instrument that can be played sitting at a table.
There are also small ones that can be attached to the instrument itself.
These are used in marching bands.
Thomas Jefferson, former president of the United States, invented a revolving music stand which he never patented because he wanted people to be able to use his invention for free.
There are also digital music stands.
When the violinist Tasmin Little played the LigetiViolin Concerto at a Prom in 2003 she used a special, computerized music stand that had been made for her.
There were no gaps in the music where she could have turned the pages of an ordinary music score.
Instead, the music was on a computer screen, and she moved to the next page by pressing a pedal with her foot.
There was also another pedal for turning back a page which was important to have when practising and for rehearsal.
Cumulative voting is a system for doing an election.
There are a certain number of choices.
This is a process sometimes known as proportional voting.
Each voter has a certain number of points he or she can spread over the choices.
That way it is possible to choose more than one option, and to weigh the choices.
Usually, this applies when there is more than one position being elected at the same time.
For example, it can be used to elect more than one member of a governing board.
In cumulative voting, if five positions are to be elected, a voter could cast one vote for each of five different candidates, or the voter could give all five of his votes to one candidate, or two votes to one candidate and three votes to a different candidate.
Bullet voting is giving all of the votes to one candidate.
Cumulative voting is used to elect representatives in many companies.
Cumulative voting allow shareholders to vote proportionately to the number of shares they hold.
This allows a shareholder with 100 shares to cast the equivalent of 100 votes toward any single issue.
It is also used to elect some governments.
Switzerland and Germany use it for some elections.
Proportional representation is a system used to elect a country's government.
The election gets works by taking the results of an election to decide how many seats each party has.
Decisions are then made by the people who are elected.
Another way to do this is to take the first-past-the-post system in which constituencies vote in one member.
The United Kingdom works this way.
In most western countries, there is more than one political party.
Each elected representative will be a member of one or another party.
If one party has an overall majority, then it forms the government.
Otherwise the government must have members of more than one party.
Countries which use proportional representation include: Austria, Argentina, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland and Turkey.
Countries which have systems that are similar or use semi-proportional representation include: Australia, Germany, Hungary, India, Republic of Ireland, Italy, Japan, Mexico, New Zealand, and Thailand.
tr:Seçim#Nispi temsil sistemi
William ("Smokey") Robinson (born February 19, 1940 in Detroit, Michigan) is an American R&B singer-songwriter.
Most of his hit records were on Motown Records or one of its labels, and many of them were performed with The Miracles, his longtime band.
Robinson is an African American.
His mother died when he was young; his sister raised him afterwards.
Robinson met Berry Gordy when Motown first became famous.
He showed Gordy the lyrics to a song he had written.
When Gordy asked if Smokey had any other songs, the young man pulled out a notebook with nearly a hundred of them.
Few of the songs had potential, but Gordy liked what he saw in Robinson, and signed him and his band to Motown.
Gordy helped Robinson become a better songwriter, and sometimes they wrote together.
Some of Robinson's songs, like "My Girl" and "My Guy", were hits for other Motown artists.
Robinson's hits with the Miracles included "Goin' to a Go-Go", "You Really Got a Hold On Me", "Shop Around", "Ooh Baby Baby", "Mickey's Monkey", and "Baby, Baby Don't Cry".
Stevie Wonder gave Robinson an unfinished song he'd begun in the studio, to see if he could add lyrics and a tune.
The song reminded Robinson of circus music, and he remembered I Pagliacci, an opera about clowns.
The finished song was called "The Tears of a Clown", and it became another hit.
Robinson left the Miracles during the 1970s, and began a solo career.
The Miracles still had hits (like "Love Machine"), and so did Robinson, with songs like "Cruisin'" and "Being With You".
Andrew Davis was born in Ashridge in Hertfordshire to Robert J. Davis and his wife Florence J. (née Badminton), Davis grew up in Chesham, Buckinghamshire, and in Watford.
He studied at the Royal College of Music, King's College, Cambridge where he was organ scholar, and in Rome with Franco Ferrara.
In 1970 he took his first important job:  associate conductor of the BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra.
In 1975, he took the job of principal conductor with the Toronto Symphony Orchestra.
He gave up this job in 1988, but has continued to be called their Conductor Laureate (honorary conductor).
In 1988, Davis became music director at Glyndebourne, where he met the American soprano Gianna Rolandi, whom he later married.
Davis returned to the BBC in 1989 to become chief conductor of the BBC Symphony Orchestra, where he held the post until 2000.
Queen Elizabeth II made Davis a CBE in May 1992.
In January 1999, she appointed him a Knight Bachelor in the New Year Honours List.
In 2002, he conducted the Prom at the Palace concert, held in the gardens of Buckingham Palace as part of the celebrations for the Queen's Golden Jubilee.
Davis became the music director and principal conductor of the Lyric Opera of Chicago in 2000.
In 2005, he took on the post of Music Advisor to the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra for three years.
Davis has conducted lots of music.
He is especially fond of music by British composers such as Michael Tippett and Harrison Birtwistle.
He was a great favourite at the BBC Proms during his years with the BBC Symphony Orchestra.
He often conducted the Last Night of the Proms and made a witty speech.
Sir Andrew Davis official website
Alumni of King's College, Cambridge
is a type of Japanese poetry.
Previously called hokku, haiku was given its current name by the Japanese writer Masaoka Shiki at the end of the 19th century.
The traditional hokku usually was written in six verses or more or less 5, 7, 5 syllables and they had to follow (on-ji).
The Japanese word cow, meaning "sound", corresponds to a mora, a phonetic unit similar but not identical to the syllable of a language such as English.
A haiku has a special season word (the kigo) to represent the season in which the poem is set, or a reference to the natural world.
Haiku usually breaks in three parts, called kireji, normally placed at the end of the first five or second seven morae.
In Japanese, there are actual kireji words.
In English, kireji is often replaced with commas, hyphens, elipses, or breaks in the haiku.
Japanese haiku are normally written in one line, while English language haiku are traditionally separated into three lines.
An example of classic hokku by poet Bashō:
古池や蛙飛込む水の音
Furu ike ya kawazu tobikomu mizu no oto
An old pond
When the frogs jump in
The sound of water
Another haiku by Bashō:
初しぐれ猿も小蓑をほしげ也
Hatsu shigure saru mo komino wo hoshige nari
The first cold shower;
Even the monkey seems to want
A little coat of straw.
(Coats and straw hats were normally used in Japan to protect from rain at the time)
Famous writers
Pre-Shiki period (hokku)
Matsuo Bashō (1644–1694)
Onitsura (1661–1738)
Yosa Buson (1716–1783)
Kobayashi Issa (1763–1827)
Shiki and later (haiku)
Masaoka Shiki (1867–1902)
Kawahigashi Hekigotō (1873–1937)
Takahama Kyoshi (1874–1959)
Taneda Santoka (1882–1940)
Iida Dakotsu (1885–1962)
Nakamura Kusatao (1901–1983)
Non-Japanese poets
All of the poets below have some haiku.
However, only Hackett and Virgilio are known for writing haiku.
Richard Wright wrote some 4000 haiku in the last eighteen months of his life.
Amiri Baraka recently wrote a collection of what he calls "low coup."
This is his own version of  haiku.
Poet Sonia Sanchez is also known for putting together haiku and the blues musical genre.
Jake Dalton
Nicolas Grenier
James W. Hackett
José Juan Tablada
Edith Shiffert
Nick-Kizzy-Virgilio
Gerald Vizenor
Jane Reichold
Christos Dimitroulopoulos
"Aha!
poetry" : Website with essays on and examples of haiku and related forms
"Daily Haiku by Wisteria Press": Website offering a free daily haiku via email
Haiku Society of America
Wonder Haiku Worlds: A community portal for haiku and related forms
In the moonlight a worm… : Ideas for teaching haiku writing that go beyond the syllable rule
Haiku for People  – Haiku definitions and samples, online since 1995
Shiki Haikusphere and NOBO list
Spanish Haikus
"Young Leaves": Website of the Yuki Teikei Haiku Society showing the use of Japanese traditions in English-language haiku
"Versions" : International community of haiku and tanka translators
Haiku Society
Haiku poems at Irreferencias (spanish)
Random Haiku - random haikus with an API for your blog, myspace, Facebook profile
Hokku
Page on Yone Noguchi and hokku at Ehime University
David Coomler's blog with essays and information on hokku
Gennady Rozhdestvensky (4 May 1931, Moscow – 16 June 2018) was a Russian conductor.
Rozhdestvensky was born into a musical family.
His name at first was Gennady Nikolayevich Anosov.
When he started his musical career, he took his mother's maiden name.
Rozhdestvensky studied conducting with his father Nikolai Anosov at the Moscow Conservatory.
He studied piano with the great pianist Lev Oborin.
When he was 20 years old, he conducted Tchaikovsky's Nutcracker ballet at the Bolshoi Theatre.
He soon became famous.
He gave the first performances of many works of Soviet composers, as well as the first Russian performance of Benjamin Britten's ''A Midsummer Night's Dream''.
Rozhdestvensky is known for keeping his rehearsals short.
He does this so that the orchestra do not get tired and are fresh for the performance.
Sometimes he walks about the stage while he conducts.
He does not stand on a podium (a raised platform).
Orchestras he has conducted
1951-61 Orchestra of the Bolshoi Theatre (conductor)
1961-74 Symphony Orchestra of All-Union Radio and Television (Moscow)
1964-70 Orchestra of the Bolshoi Theatre (principal conductor)
1974-85 Chamber Theatre Orchestra
1974-77 Stockholm Philharmonic Orchestra (artistic director)
1978-81 BBC Symphony Orchestra (chief conductor)
1980-82 Vienna Symphony Orchestra
1983-91 USSR Ministry of Culture Symphony Orchestra
1992-95 Royal Stockholm Philharmonic
His name "Rozhdestvensky" means "Christmas".
Sometimes, when he feels the orchestra are well prepared for a concert, he cancels a rehearsal so that the orchestra have some free time.
In Russia, the players in the orchestra sometimes call this "Rozhdestvensky kanikuli" ("Christmas holidays").
Rozhdestvensky, Gennady
Waka () or Yamato uta is a genre of Japanese poetry.
Waka literally means "Japanese poem" in Japanese.
The word waka was originally created by poets during the Heian Period to make clear the difference between native Japanese poetry and the kanshi (, "Chinese poems").
This meant that they put together several different styles, one of them being tanka ( lit. "
short poem") and the other chōka ( lit. "
long poem").
There are others: bussokusekika ( lit. "
rock of the Buddha's footprint poem"), sedōka ( lit. "
whirling head poem") and katauta ( lit. "
poem fragment").
These last three forms were no longer used at the beginning of the Heian Period, and chōka also disappeared a short time after.
So, the term waka came in time to mean the same as tanka.
Tanka is a much older form of Japanese poetry than haiku.
Waka did not follow any rules of rhyme, nor line; it was a free style kind of poetry.
This can be seen in this example of tanka written by poet Yamanoue no Okura (660 - 733)
Ogura Hyakunin Isshu - 100 Poems by 100 Poets at University of Virginia Library Japanese Text Initiative
2001 Waka for Japan 2001
American Tanka magazine
Tanka Society of America
Selected Tanka Bibliography with notes
Amiri Baraka (October 7, 1934 – January 9, 2014) was an American writer.
He has written poetry, drama, essays and music criticism.
He is also the father of Newark city mayor Ras Baraka.
Baraka's writings have made controversy over the years, mostly because of his advocacy of rape and violence towards (at many times) women, gay people, white people, and Jews.
Critics of his work have said such words are examples of racism, sexism, homophobia, and anti-Semitism in his work.
Most American white men are trained to be fags.
For this reason it is no wonder their faces are weak and blank. …
The average ofay [white person] thinks of the black man as potentially raping every white lady in sight.
Which is true, in the sense that the black man should want to rob the white man of everything he has.
But for most whites the guilt of the robbery is the guilt of rape.
That is, they know in their deepest hearts that they should be robbed, and the white woman understands that only in the rape sequence is she likely to get cleanly, viciously popped.
Baraka died January 9, 2014 in Newark, New Jersey after being hospitalized in the facility's intensive care unit for one month prior to his death.
The cause of death was complications of surgery.
Baraka had diabetes.
Preface to a Twenty Volume Suicide Note, poems, 1961
Blues Peple: Negro Music in White America, 1963
Dutchman and The Slave, drama, 1964
The System of Dante's Hell, novel, 1965
Home: Social Essays, 1965
Tales, 1967
Black Magic, poems, 1969
Four Black Revolutionary Plays, 1969
It's Nation Time, poems, 1970
Raise Race Rays Raize: Essays Since 1965, 1971
Hard Facts, poems, 1975
The Motion of History and Other Plays, 1978
Poetry for the Advanced, 1979
reggae or not!,
Daggers and Javelins: Essays 1974-1979, 1984
The Autobiography of LeRoi Jones/Amiri Baraka, 1984
The Music: Reflections on Jazz and Blues, 1987
Transbluesency: The Selected Poems of Amiri Baraka/LeRoi Jones, 1995Wise, Why’s Y’s, essays, 1995Funk Lore: New Poems, 1996Somebody Blew Up America'', 2001
homepage of Amiri Baraka
Modern American Poetry Page: Amiri Baraka
Jorge Luis Borges (August 24, 1899 – June 14, 1986) was an Argentine writer.
He was best known in the English-speaking world for his short stories and fictive essays.
Borges was also a poet, critic, translator and man of wisdom.
"The earth we inhabit is an error, an incompetent parody.
Mirrors and paternity are abominable because they multiply and affirm it." — (
dogma of a fictional religion in "Hakim, the masked dyer of Merv".
Part of this quote is also attributed to a heresiarch of Uqbar in "Tlön, Uqbar, Orbis Tertius".)
"The central fact of my life has been the existence of words and the possibility of weaving those words into poetry."
"I do not write for a select minority, which means nothing to me, nor for that adulated platonic entity known as 'The Masses'.
Both abstractions, so dear to the demagogue, I disbelieve in.
I write for myself and for my friends, and I write to ease the passing of time." —
Introduction to The Book of Sand
"I have always imagined that paradise will be a kind of library."
Borges Center, University of Iowa : important internet resources including bibliographies, chronologies, full text articles and books, and information on the journal Variaciones Borges
BBC Radio 4: In Our Time  Archive page for edition about Borges in a series on the 'History of Ideas'.
Includes link to streaming audio.
The Modern Word: The Garden of Forking Paths .
A comprehensive Web site dedicated to exploring Borges and his work, including pages that discuss writers that Borges influenced.
Internetaleph.
Fully bilingual (English/Spanish) portal dedicated to Jorge Luis Borges.
Links, recent news, reading suggestions and an introduction for beginners.
The Borgesian Cyclopaedia. "
Being a Virtual Reference to the World of Jorge Luis Borges".
Hallucinating Spaces, or the Aleph  An essay from Borgesland by Susana Medina
The Friends of Jorge Luis Borges Worldwide Society & Associates  A non-Governmental and not for profit organization with four distinctive entities that aim to promote artistic and intellectual talents along with civic virtues in new generations of mankind.
Borges' works ("a writer of writers" for his extensive and insightful readings) are celebrated as a thread of Ariadne to walk the labyrinths of Philosophy and Literature and all fields of knowledge in quest of wisdom.
Fundación San Telmo's Jorge Luis Borges Collection