the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
Victoria and Albert paid £300,000 for full ownership of the house in 1852.
Queen Victoria laid the foundation stone in 1853, signed a parchment recording the date, and placed it in the hole prepared for the stone.
Today, Balmoral is owned privately by the royal family, and is one of Queen Elizabeth II's favourite summer retreats.
The Beech is a large tree in the genus Fagus in the plant family Fagaceae.
There are about 10 species, all native to Europe, Asia, and North America.
The flowers are small and single-sex (monoecious), the female flowers are carried in pairs, the male flowers are wind-pollinating catkins, produced in spring shortly after the new leaves appear.
The bark is smooth and light grey.
The fruit is a small, sharply three–anglend nut 10–15 mm long.
The nuts are edible, though bitter (though not nearly as bitter as acorns).
They have a high tannin content, and are called beechnuts or beechmast.
Beech grows on a wide range of soil types, acid or basic, provided they are not wet for long periods.
The tree canopy casts a heavy shade, and the leaves, when dropped, cover the ground thickly.
Few plant grow under beech trees.
Uses of Beechwood
The beech has been used for its wood by man for thousands of years.
The wood is white, or reddish if grown on acid soil, but fine grained, smooth and heavy when first cut.
It may split as it dries.
It is a good wood for making ornaments, tool handles, kitchen utensils, furniture and parts of buildings.
Beechwood burns well and is used, among other woods, to smoke herrings in Scotland.
It can also be made into charcoal.
Southern Beech
The southern beeches Nothofagus previously thought closely related to beeches, are now treated as members of a separate family, Nothofagaceae.
They are found in Australia, New Zealand, New Guinea, New Caledonia, Argentina and Chile (mostly on the southern tip in Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego).
Pests and Diseases
The beech blight aphid (Grylloprociphilus imbricator) is a common pest of beech trees.
Beeches are also used as food plants by some species of butterflies and moths (see List of moths and butterflies that feed on beech trees).
The Fagales are an order of flowering plants, including some of the best known trees.
The order name is derived from genus Fagus, Beeches.
They belong among the rosid group of dicotyledons.
The families currently included are as follows:
Betulaceae - Birch family
Casuarinaceae - She-oak family
Fagaceae - Beech family
Juglandaceae - Walnut family
Myricaceae - Bayberry family
Nothofagaceae - Southern beech family
Rhoipteleaceae - Rhoiptelea family
Ticodendraceae - Ticodendron family
Bioethics is a field of ethics in philosophy that studies the ethical, legal and social issues in medicine and biology.
It is often used to study how the new discoveries in science will affect humans, animals and nature.
Caricaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Brassicales, found in tropical regions of Central and South America and Africa.
They are short-lived evergreen pachycaul shrubs or small trees growing to 5–10 m tall; many bear edible fruit.
Carica – one species Carica papaya (Papaya), Americas
Cylicomorpha – two species, Africa
Horovitzia – one species, Mexico
Jacaratia – eight species, Americas
Jarilla – three species, Americas
Vasconcellea – 20-21 species, Americas
Pollen is a powder made of pollen grains, which produce sperm cells (male cells used for reproduction) of seed plants.
In flowering plants
Development of pollen grains
The anther contains microsporangia.
Each microsporangium contains pollen mother cells.
These undergo meiosis, and produce pollen grains, which produce the male gametes (sperm).
The pollen is released by the opening of the anther.
The pollen is carried by some agent (wind, or some animal) to the receptive surface of the carpel of the same or another flower.
This process is known as pollination.
After successful pollination, the pollen grain (immature microgametophyte) completes its development by growing a pollen tube and undergoing mitosis to produce two male gametes.
There are two main kinds of pollination.
One kind happens when pollen from a stamen sticks to the pistil of the same plant.
That is self-pollination.
The other kind of pollination takes place when pollen from one plant travels to the pistil of another plant.
Most plants use this kind of pollination.
Plants need help for this kind of pollination, because they cannot move.
So, they need another way to move pollen from one plant to another plant.
The wind helps move pollen between plants.
The pollen of some plants is very light.
Wind blows it from the flowers on one plant to the flowers on another plant.
The wind can move pollen a long way before the pollen hits the sticky top of a pistil.
Animals also help move pollen between plants.
Many flowers are colourful and their scent attracts some animals.
These flowers also make a sweet juice called nectar.
Sometimes an animal, such as a bee, sees or smells a flower.
Then, it lands on the flower to get nectar.
As the bee drinks the nectar, the stamens brush pollen onto its body.
Then, the bee flies to another flower that has a pistil.
The pollen on the bee's body brushes onto the sticky top of the flower's pistil.
The pollen is used as protein for the bee larvae.
The plants help feed the animal.
In return, the animal helps the plants by moving pollen from flower to flower.
The relationship has evolved together; it is a kind of co-evolution called mutualism or symbiosis.
mzn:گرده (نمین)
We Ski, also known as Family Ski in Japan and Europe is a video game for the Wii.
It is the first third-party game (and second game behind Wii Fit) released that makes use of the Wii Balance Board.
A sequel, We Ski & Snowboard, which adds snowboarding to the game, was released in Japan November 13, 2008.
We Ski  at IGN
Denison is a city in Grayson County, Texas, United States.
The amount of people living there was 22,773 at the 2000 census, but had increased to an estimated amount of 24,103 in July 2007.
It is one of two principal cities in the Sherman-Denison Metropolitan Statistical Area.
The name of Denison was given by French people because during the 19th century a horticulturalist from this place saved the grapes of France.
During the same century a famous president of the USA, Dwight David Eisenhower was born there.
The next century has contributed to Denison history because there was a conflict about some artworks that showed up in Denison in the 1980s.
Denison contains a population of around 24,000.
For females we have 12,704 (52.9%) and for males 11,297 (47.1%).
Median resident age is estimated at 38.5 years.
In 2000, median house value was estimated at $52,100 and in 2008 median house hold income was estimated at $38,843.
Denison is a city of Texas.
It has its own mayor named Robert Brady.
Denison and all the state of Texas have two representative senators: John Coryn and Key Bailey Hutchison.
The diversity of religions and the government laws create the spread of different cultures and arts.
Therefore, Denison was designated by the Texas Commission on the Arts as one of seven pilot cities for the Texas Arts and Cultural District in September 2009.
Mint leaves are used for flavoring, such as in mint chocolate chip ice cream, mint chutney, and mint tea.
The order Lamiales is a taxon in the asterid group of dicotyledonous flowering plants.
It includes about 11,000 species divided up into about 10 families.
A few well-known members of this order are the lavender, the lilac, the olive, the jasmine, the ash tree, the teak, the snapdragon, and a number of table herbs such as mint, basil, and rosemary.
az:Lamiid
Lamiaceae or Labiatae, also known as the mint family, is a family of plants.
It includes about 210 genera and about 3,500 species.
It has been considered closely related to Verbenaceae but 1990s phylogenetic studies have shown that a lot of the genera classified in Verbenaceae belong instead in Lamiaceae, whereas the core genera of Verbenaceae are not closely related to Lamiaceae and are more closely related to other members of the Lamiales.
Some members of this group are known as catnip or catmint because of their effect on house cats.
The oil in the leaves of some Nepeta species gives cats euphoria, that is, it makes them feel good.
They get a "high", roll around, and may cry out, jump and behave in an unusual way.
REferences
Garden angelica (Angelica archangelica; syn.
Archangelica officinalis Hoffm.,
Archangelica officinalis var.
himalaica C.B.Clarke, Angelica sativa Mill.)
is a biennial plant from the umbelliferous family Apiaceae.
Other English names are Holy Ghost, Wild Celery, and Norwegian angelica.
People can eat the stem and roots.
It looks very similar to some poisonous species (Conium, Heracleum, and others).
Because of this it is important to know for certain it is garden angelica before eating it.
During its first year it only grows leaves.
The flowers blossom in July.
There are many small flowers that are yellowish or greenish in colour.
From the 10th century on, angelica was grown as a vegetable and medicinal plant.
It is used to flavour liqueurs or aquavits, omelettes, trout and jam.
The long bright green stems are also candied and used as decoration.
GRIN: Angelica archangelica
Rosemary () is a woody, perennial herb with fragrant evergreen needle-like leaves.
It is a member of the mint family Lamiaceae, which also includes many other herbs.
Numerous cultivars have been selected for garden use.
The following are frequently sold:
Albus- white flowers
Arp- leaves light green, lemon-scented
Aureus- leaves speckled yellow
Benenden Blue - leaves narrow, dark green
Blue Boy - dwarf, small leaves
Golden Rain - leaves green, with yellow streaks
Irene - lax, trailing
Lockwood de Forest - procumbent selection from Tuscan Blue
Ken Taylor - shrubby
Majorica Pink - pink flowers
Miss Jessop's Upright - tall, erect
Pinkie - pink flowers
Prostratus
Pyramidalis (a.k.a Erectus) - pale blue flowers
Roseus - pink flowers
Salem - pale blue flowers, cold hardy similar to Arp
Severn Sea - spreading, low-growing, with arching branches; flowers deep violet
Tuscan Blue - upright
Liquorice (UK) or licorice (US) (see spelling differences) (, or ) is the root of Glycyrrhiza glabra, from which a sweet flavour can be extracted.
The liquorice plant is a legume (related to beans and peas) and native to southern Europe and parts of Asia.
It is an herbaceous perennial, growing to 1 m in height, with pinnate leaves about 7–15 centimetres (3–6 inches) long, with 9–17 leaflets.
The flowers are 0.8–1.2 cm (1/3 to 1/2 inch) long, purple to pale whitish blue, produced in a loose inflorescence.
The fruit is an oblong pod, 2–3 centimetres (about 1 inch) long, containing several seeds.
Faboideae is a subfamily of the flowering plant family Fabaceae or Leguminosae.
An acceptable alternative name for the subfamily is Papilionoideae, or Papilionaceae when this group of plants is treated as a family.
This subfamily is widely distributed and members are adapted to a wide variety of environments.
Faboideae may be trees, shrubs or herbs.
The flowers are usually papilionaceous and root nodulation is very common.
Vetch, Laburnum, and Sweet pea are all members of Faboideae.
Galegeae is a tribe of the subfamily Faboideae.
The tribe is found mostly in the northern hemisphere, but can also be found in Australia, Africa, and South America.
The type genus is Galega.
Subtribe Alhagiinae
Alhagi Gagnebin
Subtribe Astragalinae
Astragalus L.
Biserrula L.
Calophaca Fisch.
Caragana  Fabr.
Chesneya Lindl.
Gueldenstaedtia Fisch.
Halimodendron Fisch.
Oxytropis DC.
Spongiocarpella Yakovlev & N. Ulziykh.
Subtribe Coluteinae
Clianthus Sol.
Colutea  L.
Eremosparton Fisch. &
Lessertia  DC.
Oreophysa (Bunge ex Boiss.)
Smirnowia Bunge
Sphaerophysa DC.
Swainsona Salisb.
Subtribe Galeginae
Galega L.
Subtribe Glycyrrhizinae
Glycyrrhiza L.
Glycyrrhiza is a genus of about 18 species in the family Fabaceae (Leguminosae).
It is found in Asia, Australia, Europe, and the Americas.
It is best known for liquorice (British English; licorice in American English), which is the product of G. glabra, a species from the Mediterranean region.
Very little G. glabra is grown in North America, but American Licorice G. lepidota is a common native species there.
Russian Liquorice (G. echinata) and  Chinese Liquorice (G. uralensis, Chinese: gāncǎo, 甘草 lit. "
sweet grass" or "sweet herb") are also grown, the latter being important in traditional Chinese medicine.
Glycyrrhiza acanthocarpa
Glycyrrhiza aspera
Glycyrrhiza astragalina
Glycyrrhiza bucharica
Glycyrrhiza echinata - Russian liquorice
Glycyrrhiza eglandulosa
Glycyrrhiza foetida
Glycyrrhiza foetidissima
Glycyrrhiza glabra - liquorice, licorice
Glycyrrhiza gontscharovii
Glycyrrhiza iconica
Glycyrrhiza korshinskyi
Glycyrrhiza lepidota - American licorice
Glycyrrhiza pallidiflora
Glycyrrhiza squamulosa
Glycyrrhiza triphylla
Glycyrrhiza uralensis - Chinese liquorice
Glycyrrhiza yunnanensis
Cumin (Cuminum cyminum)  sometimes spelled cummin is a flowering plant, native from the east Mediterranean to East India.
Its seeds are used in the cuisines of many different cultures.
The use of cumin is very common in Indian and Pakistani foods.
Satureja is a genus of aromatic plants of the family Lamiaceae, related to rosemary and thyme.
There are about 30 species called savories, of which Summer Savory and Winter Savory are the most important in cultivation.
Satureja acinos
Satureja alpina
Satureja coerulea
Satureja cuneifolia
Satureja douglasii – Yerba Buena (syn.
S. chamissonis)
Satureja hortensis – Summer Savory
Satureja mexicana
Satureja montana – Winter Savory
Satureja multiflora – Chilean Shrub Mint
Satureja palmeri (believed extinct; rediscovered 2001)
Satureja rumelica
Satureja spicigera
Satureja thymbra
Satureja viminea – Serpentine Savory
Satureja viminea
Satureja vulgaris – Wild Basil
Superchunk is an American indie rock band.
Superchunk first came together in 1989 in Chapel Hill, North Carolina with Mac McCaughan singing and playing guitar, Laura Balance playing bass, Jack McCook playing guitar and Chuck Garrison playing drums.
The members of the band are now Mac McCaughan, Laura Balance,  Jon Wurster playing drums and Jim Wilbur playing guitar.
For their self-titled first album, Superchunk was signed to Matador Records.
Starting with their next album, No Pocky for Kitty, they have released all of their albums on a label they made themselves called Merge Records.
A semi-automatic firearm, a firearm which automatically reloads, but will only fire one round per trigger pull
Semi-automatic pistol
Semi-automatic transmission, a vehicle transmission with no clutch pedal
A semi-automatic, or self-loading firearm is a gun that requires only a trigger pull for each round that is fired, unlike a single-action revolver, a pump-action firearm, a bolt-action firearm, or a lever-action firearm, which require the shooter to manually chamber each successive round.
Also, unlike a double-action revolver, power from one shot is used load the next, instead of using power from pulling the trigger.
A semi-automatic rifle is a type of rifle that fires a single bullet each time the trigger is pulled, without the need manually to operate a bolt, lever, pump or other firing or loading mechanism.
Such a rifle can fire single rounds like this until the firearm's bullets in the cartridges is gone.
On the other hand, a fully automatic weapon (a machine gun, for example) keeps firing until the trigger is released, and can fire hundreds of shots for every trigger press.
A bolt action gun has a breech (back part of the barrel) that is opened and closed by hand with a small handle.
They can only be fired once before the breech must be opened for a new round to enter the chamber, where it can then be fired from.
Many older sniper rifles, as well as many hunting rifles today, work in this way.
When the bolt is opened, the first cartridge in the gun is loaded.
After firing the gun, opening the bolt takes out the empty cartridge, and closing the bolt puts in a new one.
Bolt action rifles are usually the most accurate type of small arms, leading them to be used widely as marksman rifles.
The rifle won't cycle a round without the shooter doing it manually, causing less movement of parts and gases while the round is being fired.
This improves accuracy, but also increases recoil compared to automatic rifles of the same caliber.
Despite being significantly slower to fire than lever-action rifles, which were invented around the same time, militaries across the world chose to replace their muzzleloader muskets with bolt action guns rather than lever action ones, because bolt action rifles are loaded over the barrel.
This allows easier loading by a shooter lying on the ground, without affecting aim.
With lever action guns, on the other hand, the ground is in the way of loading downwards, and to load the gun would mean to throw off the shooter's aim since the gun must be turned sideways.
Trigger (firearms), a mechanism that actuates the firing of firearms
Trigger pad, a device used in electronic percussion
USS Trigger (SS-237), a submarine
USS Trigger (SS-564), a submarine
Trigger (horse), owned by cowboy star Roy Rogers.
Trigger (guitar), the Martin N-20 guitar played by Willie Nelson.
Trigger (Only Fools and Horses), a fictional character from the BBC sit-com Only Fools and Horses
An event which starts other events, or incites a response.
See also releaser.
Trigger function in event-driven programming
Database trigger, procedural code that is automatically executed in response to certain events on a particular table in a database
Trigger circuit, IBM's name for a flip-flop.
Trigger (particle physics), hardware or software based device for the (online-)selection of specific event classes from large datasets (see also: ATLAS trigger system)
Trigger (EP), an EP by the Swedish band In Flames
"Trigger", a bonus song by The Rasmus from their 2005 album Hide from the Sun
A trigger is a mechanism that you pull on a firearm to shoot.
Triggers almost always have levers or buttons for the index finger.
Islamic conquest of Afghanistan (637-709)
Anglo-Afghan Wars:
First Anglo-Afghan War (1839-1842)
Second Anglo-Afghan War (1878-1881)
Third Anglo-Afghan War (1919)
Panjdeh Incident (1885)
Reforms of Amanullah Khan and civil war (1928–1929)
Afghan Civil War (1978-present):
Soviet war in Afghanistan (1979-1989) – Soviet involvement
Afghan Civil War (1989–1992) – Government collapse
Afghan Civil War (1992–1996) – Anarchy
Afghan Civil War (1996-2001) – Taliban period
War in Afghanistan (2001–2021) – NATO involvement
Examples are hydrogen (H2), nitrogen (N2) and oxygen (O2), and carbon monoxide (CO).
Fragile Future is the third album by Hawthorne Heights.
It was their first album without Casey Calvert, because he died in late 2007.
Casey was the backing vocalist who used death growls in the songs.
This album has no death growls or harsh vocals at all because the band decided not to replace Casey with a new person who could do death growls.
"The Business of Paper Stars" - 3:47
"Rescue Me" - 3:08
"Until the Judgement Day" - 3:45
"Somewhere in Between" - 3:22
"Sugar in the Engine" - 4:29
"Desperation" - 3:28
"Four Become One" - 3:55
"321" - 3:40
"Disaster" - 3:01
"Let Go of Everything You Know" - 3:25
"Corps of Corpses" - 3:12
"Come Back Home (Reprised)" - 4:11
Dundalk () is a town in County Louth, Republic of Ireland, near the border with Northern Ireland.
It takes its name from , "Dalga's fort" and officially became a town in 1189.
It is located at a ford on the Castletown River.
The town's crest reads "Mé do rug Cú Chulainn Cróga"  (I gave birth to brave Cú Chulainn)
Dundalk has a large population of 29,037 inhabitants.
In 2003, Dundalk was amongst nine cities and towns to be given "Gateway status" in the Irish Government's "National Spatial Strategy". "
Gateway towns" will be the first to get funding for improving their towns.
The county town is Dundalk, which is also the largest town in Louth.
Most people that live in Louth live in the two biggest towns, Dundalk and Drogheda.
The 2006 Census showed that Dundalk and Drogheda as not only the largest towns in the Louth, but also the second and third largest towns in Ireland.
The old Irish name of the county Lughbhaidh comes from the place where people worshipped  the Celtic god  whose festival was celebrated at .
The name is now spelled as An Lú.
This is just the modern way of spelling Lughbhaidh. '
Lú' means 'small' in Irish, but this is not where the name comes from.
The history of Louth goes back a long time.
Before people wrote down histories and dates, a famous Irish story is supposed to have happened in Louth.
It is called the Táin Bó Cúailge.
In this story, a famous warrior called Cúchulainn fights a whole army by himself to protect a brown bull from being stolen.
In the fourteenth century the Scottish army of Edward Bruce lost the Battle of Faughart near Dundalk.
Edward was killed in the battle.
Oliver Cromwell attacked Drogheda in 1649 killing the Royalist garrison (Siege of Drogheda).
Places in County Louth
Ardee
Dunleer
Greenore
Omeath Online - Official Site of Omeath, Co. Louth
Carlingford Online - Carlingford Local and Tourist Site
Dunleer Parish
Louth Local Authorities
Drogheda Tourism - Official Site of the Drogheda Tourist Office
Robot Chicken is an American adult animated stop-motion sketch comedy television series.
It is shown on a part of Cartoon Network called Adult Swim.
It was created by Seth Green and Matthew Senreich.
Victor J. Hammer (November 1, 1901 – July 21, 1985) was a businessman, founder and owner of the Hammer Galleries in New York City.
He was the younger brother of Armand Hammer.
Victor was business partner to his brother Armand Hammer on several business ventures, including Hammer Galleries in New York City, founded in 1928 as a way to funnel profits made in Soviet Russia out of that country.
At one point, British Intelligence believed Hammer Galleries was a front for Soviet Intelligence.
The Hammer brothers had been in contact with Soviet authorities for a number of reasons, such as famine relief as well as when the Soviets sought a buyer for the treasures of the Hermitage as a way to earn hard currency.
Victor was responsible for acquisitions for Hammer Galleries, including the so-called Romanov Treasures and Fabergé eggs.
In 1937, Time Magazine described Victor and Armand as "Two of the most startling characters in the U. S. art world are the Brothers Armand and Victor Hammer, one with a medical degree, both friends of Soviet Russia.".
Victor Hammer was a prolific philanthropist.
He, along with his brothers Harry and Armand, purchased Campobello Island and donated it to the US and Canada as the countries' first joint park, known as Roosevelt Campobello International Park
Hammer Galleries, New York City
de:Die Sims#MySims
The Sun is a tabloid daily newspaper published in the United Kingdom and Ireland.
By circulation it is the eighth largest newspaper in any language in the world.
It is published by News Group Newspapers of News International, itself a subsidiary of Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation.
The Sun has many different categories, for example Sport.
There is also a Scottish (The Scottish Sun), Irish (The Irish Sun) and Polish (the Polski Sun) edition.
The M2 Machine Gun, or Browning .50 Caliber Machine Gun is a heavy machine gun.
It was nicknamed Ma Deuce by US troops or simply called "fifty-cal."
due to its caliber.
John Moses Browning (1855–1926) of Ogden, Utah, was the inventor.
His military arms were considered to be outstanding.
German Field Marshal Hermann Göring said, "If the Luftwaffe (German Air Force) had the Browning .50-caliber, the Battle of Britain would have turned out differently".
Browning began work on the .50-caliber machine gun in July 1917 and it was introduced in 1918.
It was a belt-fed, automatic weapon that came in both air-cooled and water-cooled versions.
The gun was capable of single-shot or fully automatic fire.
The U.S. Army, Army Air Forces, and Navy all adopted it immediately.
The Browning .50 caliber machine gun has been used as a vehicle weapon and for aircraft by the United States from the 1920s to the present day.
It was used during World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, as well as during operations in Iraq in the 1990s and 2000s.
It is the primary heavy machine gun of NATO countries, and has been used by many other countries.
It is still in use today, with only a few modern improvements.
Right now, it is the longest serving machine gun in the US military.
Heavy machine guns
Stealth aircraft, aircraft which use stealth technology
Stealth ship, ships which use stealth technology
Stealth mode, secretive business behavior
Stealth game, a videogame genre
The Pakistan People's Party Parliamentarians (PPPP) is a political party created by Makhdoom Amin Fahim.
Nationalist organizations in Bangladesh
Rosmarinus is a small genus of woody, perennial herb with fragrant evergreen needle-like leaves in the family Lamiaceae, native to the Mediterranean region.
The Apiales are an order of flowering plants.
The families given at right are typical of newer classifications, though there is some slight variation, and in particular the Torriceliaceae may be divided.
These families are placed within the asterid group of dicotyledons.
Umbellifers (Umbelliferae/Apiaceae) are angiosperms including cumin, parsley, carrot, coriander/cilantro, dill, caraway, fennel, parsnip, celery, anise, and other relatives.
It is a large family with about 300 genera and more than 3,000 species.
It is the 16th-largest family of flowering plants, with more than 3,700 species in 434 genera.
There are a small number of poisonous plants.
Hemlock has a paralysing effect.
There are a lot of phototoxic species.
Light causes changes which produce toxic chemicals.
Phototoxicity causes a chemically induced skin irritation.
It needs light, and does not involve the immune system.
It is a type of photosensitivity.
Flower format
The defining characteristic of the family is the inflorescence.
The flowers usually grouped in terminal umbels, as shown in the photograph.
They are usually compound, and called umbelliform cymes.
They are groups of groups.
Angelica is a genus of about 50 species of tall biennial and perennial herbs in the family Apiaceae, native to temperate and subarctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere, reaching as far North as Iceland and Lapland.
They grow to 1-3 m tall, with large bipinnate leaves and large compound umbels of white or greenish-white flowers.
Angelica ampla - Giant Angelica
Angelica archangelica - Garden Angelica, Archangel, Angelique
Angelica arguta - Lyall's Angelica
Angelica atropurpurea - Purplestem Angelica, Alexanders
Angelica breweri - Brewer's Angelica
Angelica californica - California Angelica
Angelica callii - Call's Angelica
Angelica canbyi - Canby's Angelica
Angelica cartilaginomarginata
Angelica dahurica - bai zhi in Chinese
Angelica dawsonii - Dawson's Angelica
Angelica dentata - Coastalplain Angelica
Angelica genuflexa - Kneeling Angelica
Angelica gigas - Cham dangwi in Korean
Angelica glabra - synonym for Angelica dahurica
Angelica grayi - Gray's Angelica
Angelica hendersonii - Henderson's Angelica
Angelica keiskei -- Ashitaba in Japanese
Angelica kingii - King's Angelica
Angelica lineariloba - Poison Angelica
Angelica lucida - Seacoast Angelica
Angelica pachyacarpa
Angelica palustris
Angelica pinnata - Small-leaf Angelica
Angelica roseana - Rose Angelica
Angelica sinensis -  Dong quai
Angelica scabrida - Charleston Mountain Angelica
Angelica sylvestris - Wild Angelica
Angelica tomentosa - Woolly Angelica
Angelica triquinata - Filmy Angelica
Angelica venenosa - Hairy Angelica
Angelica wheeleri - Utah Angelica
Blephilia (Downy Pagoda Plant or Wood Mint) is a genus of three species of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae.
They are all herbaceous plants native to eastern North America.
The species are most often found in thin woods and in granite and limestone soils.
Blephilia hirsuta and Blephilia ciliata are considered threatened or endangered in some states.
Blephilia ciliata (Downy pagoda-plant)
Blephilia hirsuta (Hairy pagoda-plant)
Blephilia subnuda (Cumberland pagoda-plant)
Ballota (horehound) is a genus of about 35 species of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae, native to temperate regions of Europe, north Africa and western Asia, with the highest diversity in the Mediterranean region.
They are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera including Coleophora case-bearers: C. ballotella, C. lineolea (which has been recorded on B. nigra) and C. ochripennella.
Ballota acetabulosa
Ballota frutescens
Ballota hirsuta
Ballota nigra - Black Horehound
The genus is closely related to Marrubium, with some species having been included in that genus in the past.
Agastache, is a genus of 9–12 species of perennial herbs in the family Lamiaceae, native to eastern Asia (one species) and North America (the rest).
Acrocephalus is a genus of plants in the family Lamiaceae, containing about 130 species.
Acinos is a genus of ten species of annual and short-lived evergreen perennial woody plants native to southern Europe and western Asia.
Its name comes from the Greek word akinos, the name of a small aromatic plant.
They are small, tufted, bushy or spreading plants growing to 10–45 cm tall.
The 2-lipped, tubular flowers are borne on erect sprikes in mid-summer.
Acinos corsicus
Acinos rotundifolius
Acinos suaveolens
Acanthomintha is a genus of the Lamiaceae, or mint family.
The Acanthomintha genus is commonly referred to as Thornmint.
There are a number of species within this genus, including the endangered species Acanthomintha duttonii.
All four thornmints are native to the California Floristic Province.
The origin of the genus name is from the identical Greek word meaning thornmint.
There are four species of Acanthomintha:
Acanthomintha duttonii (Abrams) Jokerst: San Mateo thorn-mint
Acanthomintha ilicifolia (Gray): San Diego thorn-mint, San Diego thornmint
Acanthomintha lanceolata (Curran): Santa Clara thorn-mint
Acanthomintha obovata (Jepson): San Benito thorn-mint
Franz Joseph Hermann Michael Maria von Papen zu Köningen (29 October 1879 - 2 May 1969) was a German nobleman, Catholic monarchist politician, General Staff officer, and diplomat.
He was Chancellor of Germany in 1932 and as Vice Chancellor of Germany in 1933-1934.
He was a member of the Catholic Centre Party of Germany until 1932.
Papen was one the people who believed and said that they (the conservative elite and the military) could control Adolf Hitler when he becomes Chancellor of Germany; and was responsible for his rise to power along with Reich President Paul von Hindenburg, when he persuaded Hindenburg, that the other alternative to Hitler was Communist rule, which they saw as more dangerous.
In March Hindenburg signed the Enabling Act of 1933 which gave special powers to Hitler and his government, and he became a dictator.
Von Papen and the conservatives lost all influence, though most of them stayed as members in Hitler's cabinet with no powers, until the fall of the Third Reich.
Before and during World War II he was an ambassador, from 1934 to 1938 in Austria, and from 1939 to 1944 in Turkey.
Von Papen was one of the 24 people charged at the Nuremberg Trials.
The court decided he was not guilty.
Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) is a perennial herb in the mint family Lamiaceae, native to southern Europe and the Mediterranean region.
It grows to 70–150 cm tall.
The leaves have a gentle lemon scent, related to mint.
At the end of the summer, little white flowers full of nectar appear and attract bees.
Its flavour comes from the terpenes citronellal, citronellol, citral, and geraniol.
Bronchitis is inflammation of the bronchi caused by irritation.
It may also refer to acute bronchitis or chronic bronchitis.
It can be caused by infection or other causes such as smoking, or being exposed to cigarettes.
NIH entry on Bronchitis
MedlinePlus entries on Acute bronchitis and Chronic bronchitis
Mayo Clinic factsheet on bronchitis
The Kashmiri people are a Dardic ethnic group living in the central valley of Kashmir in the disputed state of Jammu and Kashmir.
They speak the Kashmiri language.
Kashmiri is an Indo-Aryan language.
The Kashmiris are also known as Koshur.
There are about 7.1 million people speaking the Kashmiri language.
About 6.7 million of them live in Jammu and Kashmir, and about 350,000 in Azad Kashmir and the Federally Administered Northern Areas (FANA) in Pakistan.
Although all residents of Azad Kashmir call themselves 'Kashmiri', most residents of Azad Kashmir are not ethnic Kashmiris.
Scholarly books
Hastings is a town on the coast of East Sussex in England.
It is the administrative centre for the borough of the same name.
Towns in East Sussex
Malvern College is a coeducational British public School, founded in 1865.
It is in Malvern, Worcestershire.
Notable Old Malvernians
Francis William Aston, Physicist, 1922 winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
Humphry Berkeley, politician, humourist
Aleister Crowley, occultist
J.F.C. Fuller, soldier, military historian, strategist, occultist
Prince Christian of Hanover, and Prince Ernst August of Hanover
Godfrey Martin Huggins, 1st Viscount Malvern, Prime Minister of Southern Rhodesia
Arnold Jackson, 1912 Olympic 1500 m gold medallist, youngest ever British Army Brigadier-General, DSO with Three Bars.
C. S. Lewis, novelist, scholar, Christian apologist
James Meade, economist, 1977 winner of the Nobel Prize in Economics
Dominic Sandbrook, historian and author
Oliver Selfridge, computer scientist
Alfred Stratford (1853 – 1914), England footballer and three times FA Cup winner with Wanderers F.C.
John Wheeler-Bennett, historian
Malvern College official web site
1865 establishments in England
UN peacekeeping missions involving Pakistan covers a long and cherished history of Pakistani involvement with the United Nations.
Pakistan joined the United Nations on 30th September, 1947.
Since 1960, Pakistan has been actively involved in most of the UN Peacekeeping missions and today stands at the top with 10,175 troops and observers serving in current missions.
Some of the major contributions were in Somalia, Sierra Leone, Bosnia, Congo and Liberia.
The main fighting regiments of the Pakistan Army comprise the Infantry and the Armoured Corps.
The main Infantry regiments of the army are:
The Punjab Regiment (Pakistan)
The Frontier Force Regiment
The Baloch Regiment
The Azad Kashmir Regiment
The Sindh Regiment
5th Cavalry
6th Lancers
11th Cavalry
12th Cavalry
13th Cavalry
15th Cavalry
19th Lancers
Guides Cavalry
Military of Pakistan
Web of the City (first called Rumble) is the first book that was written by Harlan Ellison.
The book follows the story of Rusty Santoro, a teenage member of the Cougars street gang in the 1950s Brooklyn, New York.
In order to create the book, Ellison spent time in a real street gang in Brooklyn.
1958 books
The Pakistan Armed Forces () are the overall unified military forces of Pakistan.
The Pakistani military was first formed when the nation achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1947.
Pakistan Strategic Nuclear Command
Approximately 620,000 people are on active duty in the military which is the world's 7th largest armed force as of 2007.
Combined with the 302,000 strong Paramilitary forces and the Coast Guard, the Military of Pakistan has a total size of nearly 1,000,000 people.
Pakistan Navy () is the naval branch of the military of Pakistan.
It is responsible for the defense Pakistan's  coastline along the Arabian Sea and the defense of important harbors.
It operates a wide range of ships ranging from cruisers to destroyers as well as submarines.
Navy day is celebrated on September 8 in commemoration of the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965.
Navies
Spider Kiss (first called Rockabilly) is a 1961 book that was written by Harlan Ellison.
The story follows the fast rise and fall of an early rock 'n' roll singer named Stag Preston.
1961 books
Pakistan Air Force (, Pak Faza'ya) (PAF) is the Aviation branch of the Pakistan armed forces and is responsible for defending Pakistani air-space from intrusions.
It also provides air support for ground troops.
Every year on the 7th of September, the day after the annual celebration of the Pakistan Defense Day, the day is celebrated as the Air Force day in Pakistan.
That day air shows and other programs mark the PAF's role in defending the nation.
The Vines are an Australian garage rock band from Sydney, Australia, notable for creating a musical combination of '60s rock and '90s alternative music.
They have won an ARIA in 2002 for Breakthrough Artist and received nominations for six other awards in the same amount of years.
2002: Highly Evolved
2004: Winning Days
2006: Vision Valley
2008: Melodia
2011: Future Primitive
2014: Wicked Nature
2018: In Miracle Land
2001: Hot Leather/Sunchild
2001: Factory
2002: Get Free
2002: Outtathaway!
2003: Homesick
2003: Fuck the World
2004: Ride
2006: Gross Out (Radio Promo Only)
2006: Don't Listen to the Radio
2006: Anysound
2007: Dope Train (Video Promo Only)
2008: He's a Rocker
2008: MerryGoRound (Australian Radio-promo only)
2008: Get Out
2011: Gimme Love
2014: Metal Zone
2016: In Miracle Land
Live recordings, compilations and demos
2001: Five Track Demo / Six Track Demo
2001: Mixes
2002: This is Not the Vines Album
2002: College EP
2008: The Best of the Vines
The Libertines were an indie rock band from London, England.
They were formed in 1997 and broke up in 2004.
The Libertines released two albums.
Their second album The Libertines went straight to number one in the UK.
It is in the book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die.
The first single from the album, "Can't Stand Me Now", reached number two in the UK Singles Chart.
2004 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
The Hives are a Swedish rock band that started in 1993 but rose to fame in the early 2000s as a leading group of the garage rock revival, playing garage punk.
Their breakthrough came with the release of the "best-of" compilation Your New Favourite Band, featuring their most commercially successful song "Hate to Say I Told You So".
Howlin' Pelle Almqvist (Per Almqvist) – lead vocals
Nicholaus Arson (Niklas Almqvist) – guitar, keyboard
Vigilante Carlstroem (Mikael Karlsson) – guitar
Dr. Matt Destruction (Mattias Bernvall) – bass guitar
Chris Dangerous (Christian Grahn) – drums, percussion
Interscope Records Official Site
Live Footage of The Hives
Interpol is an alternative rock band from New York City.
Popular songs include Evil, PDA and NYC.
The band's current members are Paul Banks, Daniel Kessler, and Sam Fogarino.
Bassist Carlos Dengler departed the band in 2010.
Paul Banks is the artist name used by the lead vocalist and one of the guitarists in the band Interpol.
He is American but was born in Clacton-on-Sea, Essex, England.
The family moved back to the USA, where his parents were from, when he was five.
The family lived in Chicago, Illinois and Virginia Beach, Virginia.
They also spent time in Europe and Tampico, Tamaulipas, Mexico before he attended college.
He uses an alias in Interpol and in his solo work to separate life from work.
In addition to Interpol, he has released one album, Julian Plenti Is... Skyscraper  in 2009 and one EP, Julian Plenti Lives... in 2012, using the name "Julian Plenti".
He also released one album, Banks, in 2012, as "Paul Banks".
A mixtape entitled Everybody on My Dick Like They Supposed to Be was made available to download on Datpiff in 2012.
The tape has contributions from El-P, High Prizm, Talib Kweli and Mike G.
Interpol formed in the 1997 at NYU and signed to Matador Records in 2002.
Their first album, Turn On The Bright Lights was released on August 20, 2002, through Matador Records.
Well known singles and music videos from this album this include "Obstacle 1", "PDA" and "NYC".
The band's second album, Antics  was released September 28, 2004, also through Matador Records.
Well known singles and music videos from this album include "Slow Hands", "Evil" and "C'mere".
The "Evil" music video, directed by Charlie White is perhaps Interpol's best known.
It shows a lifelike puppet surviving a car wreck.
The meaning behind the song is much discussed, though Interpol have denied that it is about serial killers.
The band's third album, Our Love To Admire was released July 10, 2007 through Capitol Records.
Well known singles and videos from this album include "The Heinrich Maneuver", "No I Threesome" and "Rest My Chemistry".
In July 2010, Interpol announced the departure of bassist Carlos Dengler.
The fourth album, Interpol, was released on September 7, 2010.
Well known singles and videos from this album include "Barricade" and "Lights".
The video for "Lights" was again directed by Charlie White.
The fifth album and most recent album, El Pintor, was released on September 8, 2014.
Well known singles and videos from this album include "All The Rage Back Home", "My Desire" and "Everything Is Wrong".
Precipitate EP
Interpol EP (2002)
Turn On The Bright Lights (2002)
The Black EP (2003)
Antics (2004)
Our Love To Admire (2007)
Interpol (2010)
El Pintor (2014)
Marauder (2018)
Interpol at Allmusic
Editors are an indie rock band from England.
They were formed in 2002.
They were first called Pilot, then The Pride and also Snowfield.
The band members are:
Tom Smith - lead vocals, rhythm guitar, piano
Chris Urbanowicz - lead guitar and synth
Russell Leetch - bass guitar and  backing vocals
Ed Lay - drums, percussion and backing vocals.
Editors have so far made two platinum albums, selling over two million copies around the world.
Their first album, The Back Room, came out in 2005.
It had hit songs such as "Munich" and "Blood" and the following year was nominated for the Mercury Prize.
Their next album An End Has a Start went to number one in the UK Album Chart in June 2007.
It was nominated for a BRIT Award for best British Band.
The second album also had a Top 10 hit single, "Smokers Outside the Hospital Doors".
After success in the charts, sold out tours and playing as the main act at many festivals, The Mail on Sunday newspaper said the Editors were the second biggest British band of the decade, after Arctic Monkeys.
Their style of epic, sweeping, indie rock is often compared to the sound of bands such as Echo and the Bunnymen, Joy Division, Interpol and U2.
The Back Room (2005)
An End Has a Start (2007)
In This Light and on This Evening (2009)
The Weight of Your Love (2013)
In Dream (2015)
Violence (2018)
A Clash of Kings is the second of seven planned books in A Song of Ice and Fire, a fantasy series written by George R. R. Martin.
It was first released on 16 November 1998 in the United Kingdom, but the first United States edition did not come out until March 1999.
It won the Locus Award in 1999 for Best Novel and was nominated for the Nebula Award in 2000 for Best Novel.
Bulgarian: "Сблъсък на Крале"
Croatian: "Sraz kraljeva"
Czech: Střet králů
Dutch: Luitingh-Sijthoff (1999): ""
Finnish: ""
French: Three volumes (Hardcover: Pygmalion (2000); paperback: J'ai Lu (2002)): "", "", ""
German: Single volume, Fantasy Productions (2004): "".
Two volumes, Blanvalet (2000): "", "".
Hebrew:  (Two volumes)
Hungarian: Single volume, Alexandra: ""
Italian: Two volumes, Mondadori (2002): "", ""; as a single volume titled "Lo scontro dei re" in the collection Urania Fantasy - Le grandi saghe (July 2008)
Polish: ""
Portuguese: Two volumes: Saída de Emergência (2008): "", ""
Romanian: Two volumes: ""
Russian: Single volume, AST (2004, 2005, 2006): "".
Two volumes, AST (2000): "", "".
Serbian: "Sudar kraljeva"
Spanish: Gigamesh (2003): ""
Swedish: ""
Turkish: ""
Locus Award – Best Novel (Fantasy) (Won) – (1999)
Nebula Award – Best Novel (Nominated) – (2000)
Ignotus Award – Best Novel (Foreign) (Won) – (2004)
A Storm of Swords is the third of seven planned books in A Song of Ice and Fire, a fantasy series written by George R. R. Martin.
It was first released on 8 August 2000 in the United Kingdom, and in November 2000 in the United States.
A Storm of Swords won the 2001 Locus Award and 2002 Geffen Award for Best Novel and was nominated for the 2002 Nebula Award for Best Novel.
It was also put up for the Hugo Award, but it lost to JK Rowling's novel Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire.
Dutch: Two volumes, Luitingh-Sijthoff (2001, 2002): ,
Finnish: Two volumes, Kirjava (2005, 2006): ,
French: Four volumes (Hardcover: Pygmalion (2001, 2002, 2003); paperback: J'ai Lu (2003, 2004)):  (hardcover) /  (paperback), , ,
German: Single volume, Fantasy Productions (2005): .
Two volumes, Blanvalet (2001, 2002): , .
(Two volumes)
Hungarian: Single volume, Alexandra:
Italian: Three volumes, Mondadori (2002, 2003): , , .
Portuguese: Two volumes: Saída de Emergência (2008, forthcoming): ,
Spanish: Two volumes, Gilgamesh (2005): , .
Swedish: Three volumes,  (1997, 2005),  (2006),  (2007)
Hugo Award – Best Novel (Nominated) – (2001)
Locus Award – Best Novel (Fantasy) (Won) – (2001)
Nebula Award – Best Novel (Nominated) – (2002)
Geffen Award – Best Fantasy Book (Won) – (2002)
Ignotus Award – Best Novel (Foreign) (Won) – (2006)
A Feast for Crows is the fourth of seven planned books in A Song of Ice and Fire, a fantasy series written by George R. R. Martin.
The book was first released on 17 October 2005 in the United Kingdom, and in the United States on 8 November 2005.
Like A Storm of Swords, A Feast for Crows was nominated for the Hugo Award for Best Novel,  and was also the first book in the series to get to the top of the New York Times bestseller list.
Bulgarian: Bard (2006): "".
Croatian: Algoritam (2006): "".
Catalan: (2012) "".
Dutch: Luitingh (2006): "".
Finnish: "" (2007).
French: Hardcover: Pygmalion (2006-...): "", "", "".
German: Single volume, Fantasy Productions (2006): "" (to be released).
Two volumes, Blanvalet (2006): "", "".
Hungarian: Alexandra (2007): "".
Italian: "" (Volume 1, 2006), "" (Volume 2, 2007).
Polish: "".
Russian: "".
Serbian: Laguna (2006): "".
Spanish: Gigamesh (2007): "".
Hugo Award – Best Novel (nominated) – (2006)
British Fantasy Award – Best Novel (nominated) – (2006)
Quill Award – Best Novel (Science Fiction & Fantasy) (nominated) – (2006)
Zest is the outer skin of citrus fruit.
Cooks use it to add strong flavor to foods.
Paprika is a spice made from the grinding of dried sweet red bell peppers.
The word comes from a Turkish word meaning "pepper".
In many non-English speaking European countries, the word paprika also refers to bell peppers themselves.
The seasoning is used in many cuisines to add color and flavor to cooked foods.
A clove (Syzygium aromaticum, syn.
Eugenia aromaticum or Eugenia caryophyllata) is an aromatic dried flower bud of a tree in the family Myrtaceae.
Cloves are native to Indonesia.
A clove tree is an evergreen and grows to the height of 8-12 m. The part used in cookery is a dried flower bud.
Cloves are harvested primarily in Zanzibar, Indonesia and Madagascar; it is also grown in India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka, where they call it lavang.
Use in cooking
Cloves are used in cooking, whole or ground.
If you put whole cloves in a ham, they will impart their flavour to the meat.
Dried cloves are a key spice in India.
Cloves were once traded in Portugal.
Clove was once one of the most valuable spices, a kg costing 7 g of gold.
The Myrtales are an order of flowering plants.
They are a basal group of dicotyledons.
Family Alzateaceae
Family Combretaceae (leadwood family)
Family Crypteroniaceae
Family Heteropyxidaceae
Family Lythraceae (loosestrife and pomegranate family)
Family Melastomataceae
Family Memecylaceae
Family Myrtaceae (myrtle family)
Family Oliniaceae
Family Onagraceae (evening primrose family)
Family Penaeaceae
Family Psiloxylaceae
Family Rhynchocalycaceae
Family Vochysiaceae
The Myrtaceae or Myrtle family are a family of dicotyledon plants, in the order Myrtales.
Myrtle, clove, guava, feijoa, allspice, and Eucalyptus belong here.
All species are woody, with essential oils, and flower parts in multiples of four or five.
One character of the family is that the phloem is on both sides of the xylem, not just outside as in most other plants.
The leaves are evergreen, alternate to mostly opposite, simple, and usually with an entire (not toothed) margin.
The flowers have a base number of five petals, though in several genera the petals are minute or absent.
The stamens are usually very conspicuous, brightly colored, and there are many of them.
The Government of Pakistan (), uses a federal parliamentary system, with a President as the Head of State and an indirectly-elected Prime Minister as the Head of Government.