the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
This date becomes known as "The Day The Music Died".
1960 - Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Harold Macmillan makes a speech in which he says that "winds of change" are blowing across the African continent.
1961 - Start of the Angolan War of Independence.
1966 - The unmanned Soviet Luna 9 spacecraft is launched.
1967 - In Melbourne, Ronald Ryan becomes the last person to be executed in Australia.
1969 – In Cairo, Yasser Arafat is appointed Palestinian Liberation Organization leader at the Palestinian National Congress.
1972 – The first Winter Olympics to be held in Asia open in Sapporo, Japan.
1972 - Until February 9, a blizzard in Iran kills around 4,000 people.
1976 - In Mozambique, the capital city changes its name from Lourenco Marques to Maputo.
1981 - Gro Harlem Brundtland is elected Prime Minister of Norway.
1988 – The United States House of Representatives rejects President Ronald Reagan's request for $36.25 million to aid Nicaraguan Contras.
1989 - In Paraguay, a coup removes Alfredo Stroessner from power.
1994 - Space Shuttle Discovery lifts off on mission STS-60.
1995 - Astronaut Eileen Collins becomes the first woman to pilot a space shuttle.
1996 - An earthquake of magnitude 7 hits Yunnan Province, China, killing over 300 people.
1998 – In Northern Italy 20 people die in a cable car disaster caused by a low-flying United States Military plane.
1998 - Karla Faye Tucker is executed in Texas, as the first woman to be executed in the US since 1984.
2002 – Super Bowl XXXVI: The New England Patriots defeat the St. Louis Rams, 20–17, to win their first Super Bowl championship.
2006 – The Egyptian al-Salam Boccaccio ferry sinks in the Red Sea, killing around 1,000 people.
2007 - A bombing at a market in Baghdad kills 135 people.
2008 – Super Bowl XLII: The New York Giants defeat the previously undefeated New England Patriots, 17–14, to win their third Super Bowl championship and prevent them from becoming the first 19-0 team.
2010 - The sculpture L'homme qui marche by Alberto Giacometti is sold at an auction in London for £ 65 million.
2011 - Tropical Cyclone Yasi hits Queensland, Australia.
2013 - Super Bowl XLVII is interrupted by a power failure just after half time, with the Baltimore Ravens leading 28-6 over the San Francisco 49ers.
After over half an hour, play gets back underway.
The Baltimore Ravens later go on to win the game.
2015 - Sergio Mattarella becomes President of Italy.
2015 - The House of Commons of the United Kingdom, by a majority, supports the introduction of "Three-person babies".
After being passed by the House of Lords, the UK would be the first country to introduce this.
2015 - It is announced that a second novel by Harper Lee, who wrote To Kill a Mockingbird, is to be published in July, called Go Set a Watchman.
995 - William IV, Duke of Aquitaine (d. 1037)
1338 – Jeanne de Bourbon, Queen of France (d. 1378)
1654 - Pietro Antonio Fiocco, Italian composer (d. 1714)
1677 - Jan Santini Aichel, Czech architect (d. 1723)
1689 - Blas de Lozo, Spanish admiral (d. 1741)
1721 - Friedrich Wilhelm von Seydlitz, Prussian general (d. 1773)
1736 – Johann Georg Albrechtsberger, Austrian composer (d. 1809)
1747 - Samuel Osgood, American patriot (d. 1813)
1761 - Dorothea von Medem, German countess (d. 1821)
1763 - Caroline von Wolzogen, German writer (d. 1847)
1774 - Karl Mollweide, German mathematician and astronomer (d. 1825)
1777 - John Cheyne, British physician, surgeon and author (d. 1836)
1790 - Gideon Mantell, British geologist and physician (d. 1852)
1795 – Antonio José de Sucre, South American independence leader (d. 1830)
1806 - Ansel Briggs, 1st Governor of Iowa (d. 1881)
1807 - Joseph E. Johnston, American Confederate general (d. 1891)
1807 - Arthur Wellesley, 2nd Duke of Wellington, British general (d. 1884)
1806 - Ansel Briggs, American politician, 6th Governor of Iowa (d. 1881)
1808 – Princess Marie of Saxe-Weimar of Eisenach, Empress of Prussia (d. 1877)
1809 – Felix Mendelssohn, German composer (d. 1847)
1811 – Horace Greeley, American journalist, editor, and publisher (d. 1872)
1817 - Achille Ernest Oscar Joseph Delesse, French geologist and mineralogist (d. 1881)
1821 – Elizabeth Blackwell, British-American physician (d. 1910)
1823 - Stephen Fullerton Baird, American naturalist (d. 1887)
1824 - Ranald MacDonald, American explorer and educator (d. 1910)
1826 - Walter Bagehot, British journalist and businessman (d. 1877)
1830 – Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1903)
1842 - Sidney Lanier, American poet and composer (d. 1881)
1846 - Judson Harmon, Governor of Ohio and United States Attorney General (d. 1927)
1854 - Sergei Korsahoff, Russian neuropsychiatrist (d. 1900)
1857 - Giuseppe Moretti, Italian sculptor (d. 1935)
1859 – Hugo Junkers, German aircraft designer (d. 1935)
1870 – Ada Negri, Italian actress (d. 1945)
1874 – Gertrude Stein, American writer and publicist (d. 1946)
1878 - Gordon Coates, 21st Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1943)
1887 – Georg Trakl, Austrian writer (d. 1914)
1889 - Risto Ryti, 5th President of Finland (d. 1956)
1892 - Juan Negrin, Spanish politician (d. 1956)
1894 – Norman Rockwell, American artist, illustrator (d. 1978)
1898 – Alvar Aalto, Finnish architect (d. 1976)
1898 - Lil Hardin Armstrong, American jazz musician (d. 1971)
1899 - Lao She, Chinese author and playwright (d. 1966)
1899 - Joao Café Filho, President of Brazil (d. 1970)
1903 – Douglas Douglas-Hamilton, Scottish aviator (d. 1973)
1907 – James A. Michener, American writer (d. 1997)
1909 – Simone Weil, French philosopher (d. 1943)
1911 – Jehan Alain, French composer (d. 1940)
1911 - Robert Earl Jones, American actor (d. 2006)
1912 - Jacques Soustelle, French anthropologist (d. 2006)
1914 - Mary Carlisle, American actress
1915 - Stuart Archer, British recipient of the George Cross (d. 2015)
1915 – Boris Paichadze, Georgian footballer (d. 1990)
1918 - Joey Bishop, American entertainer (d. 2007)
1920 - Henry Heimlich, American physician (d. 2016)
1924 - Friedrich Wilhelm, Prince of Hohenzollern, German aristocrat (d. 2010)
1925 – Leon Schlumpf, Swiss Federal Councillor (d. 2012)
1925 - Shelley Berman, American actor, comedian and writer (d. 2017)
1926 – Hans-Jochen Vogel, German politician
1927 – Val Doonican, Irish singer and entertainer (d. 2015)
1927 - Blas Ople, Filipino politician (d. 2003)
1927 - Kenneth Anger, American filmmaker and writer
1927 - Indra Bahadur Rai, Indian writer (d. 2018)
1927 - Sarah Jiménez, Mexican artist (d. 2017)
1928 - Ingemar Haraldsson, Swedish footballer (d. 2004)
1932 – Michael Martin, American philosopher (d. 2015)
1932 - Stuart Hall, Jamaican-British cultural theorist and sociologist (d. 2014)
1933 - Paul Sarbanes, American politician (d. 2020)
1935 - Johnny "Guitar" Watson, American musician (d. 1996)
1937 - Jacques Barrot, French politician (d. 2014)
1938 - Emile Griffith, American boxer (d. 2013)
1939 - Michael Cimino, American movie director (d. 2016)
1943 – Blythe Danner, American actress
1943 – Dennis Edwards, American singer (The Temptations) (d. 2018)
1943 - Shawn Philipps, American guitarist, singer and songwriter
1947 – Dave Davies, English musician (The Kinks)
1947 – Paul Auster, American writer
1948 – Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo, East Timorese bishop and Nobel Peace Prize winner
1948 – Henning Mankell, Swedish writer (d. 2015)
1950 – Morgan Fairchild, American actress
1951 - Eugenijus Riabovas, Lithuanian football manager
1951 – Blaise Compaoré, former President of Burkina Faso
1954 - Tiger Williams, Canadian ice hockey player
1955 – Stephen Euin Cobb, American writer
1955 – Bruno Pezzey, Austrian footballer (d. 1994)
1955 – Kirsty Wark, Scottish broadcast journalist
1956 - Nathan Lane, American actor
1956 - Lee Ranaldo, American musician
1958 - Joe F. Edwards, Jr., American basketball player
1959 - Lol Tolhurst, English musician (The Cure)
1959 - Fredric Lehne, American actor
1960 – Joachim Löw, German football trainer
1961 - Jay Adams, American skateboarder (d. 2014)
1963 – Stefano Mei, Italian sportsperson (athletics)
1964 – Michael Rummenigge, German footballer
1965 - Maura Tierney, American actress
1966 - Franco Coraci, American movie director
1967 – Mixu Paatelainen, Finnish footballer and coach
1969 - Beau Biden, American attorney and politician (d. 2015)
1970 - Warwick Davis, British actor
1971 – Sarah Kane, British playwright (d. 1999)
1972 – Mart Poom, Estonian footballer
1975 - Brad Thorn, New Zealand rugby player
1976 - Mathieu Dandenault, Canadian ice hockey player
1976 – Isla Fisher, Australian actress
1977 - Marek Zidlicky, Czech ice hockey player
1977 – Daddy Yankee, Puerto Rican singer
1978 – Joan Capdevila, Spanish footballer
1978 - Amal Clooney, Lebanese-British lawyer and activist
1978 - Eliza Schneider, American actress and singer
1980 - Kim E-Z, Korean singer
1981 - Alisa Reyes, American actress and singer
1982 - Jessica Harp, American singer
1982 - Bridget Regan, American actress
1983 – Gabriel Sargissian, Armenian chess player
1983 - Hillary Scott, American pornographic actress
1984 - Sara Carbonero, Spanish journalist
1985 - Sergei Kostitsyn, Belarussian ice hockey player
1986 - Kanako Yanagihara, Japanese actress, comedian and entertainer
1988 - Kyuhyun, South Korean singer
1988 – Gregory van der Wiel, Dutch footballer
1989 – Vania King, American tennis player
1990 – Sean Kingston, American singer
1990 - Sterling Moore, American football player
1991 - Glenn McCuen, American actor
1993 - Getter Jaani, Estonian actress and singer
1993 - Mark Bennett, Scottish rugby player
1995 - Tao Tsuchiya, Japanese actress, model and dancer
619 - Laurence of Canterbury, 2nd Archbishop of Canterbury
699 - Werburgh, English saint (b. 650)
995 - William IV, Duke of Aquitaine (b. 937)
1014 – King Sweyn I of Denmark
1116 - King Coloman of Hungary (b. 1070)
1399 – John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster (b. 1340)
1428 - Ashikaga Yoshimochi, Japanese shogun (b. 1386)
1451 – Murad II, Ottoman Sultan (b. 1404)
1468 – Johannes Gutenberg, German publisher
1737 - Tommaso Ceva, Italian mathematician (b. 1648)
1820 – Emperor Gia Long of Vietnam (b. 1762)
1832 – George Crabbe, English naturalist (b. 1754)
1862 - Jean-Baptiste Biot, French physicist (b. 1774)
1867 - Prince Maximilian of Wied-Neuwied (b. 1782)
1874 – William Charles Lunalilo, King of Hawaii (b. 1835)
1889 – Belle Starr, American outlaw (b. 1848)
1900 – William Goebel, 34th Governor of Kentucky (b. 1856)
1908 - Ferdinand Meldahl, Danish architect (b. 1827)
1920 - Frank Brown, Governor of Maryland (b. 1846)
1921 – Colin Archer, Norwegian shipbuilder (b. 1832)
1922 - John Butler Yeats, Irish illustrator (b. 1839)
1924 – Woodrow Wilson, 28th President of the United States, Nobel Peace Prize winner (b. 1856)
1929 - Agner Krarup Erlang, Danish scientist (b. 1878)
1935 – Hugo Junkers, German aircraft designer (b. 1859)
1937 - Marija Leiko, Latvian movie actress (b. 1887)
1944 - Yvette Guilbert, French cabaret singer (b. 1865)
1945 – Roland Freisler, Nazi official (b. 1893)
1948 - Louis J. Brann, Governor of Maine (b. 1876)
1951 - August Horch, German engineer (b. 1868)
1952 - Harold L. Ickes, American politician (b. 1874)
1955 - Vasili Blokhin, Soviet general (b. 1895)
1956 - Johnny Claes, Belgian racing driver (b. 1916)
1959 - "Day the Music Died":
Buddy Holly, American singer (b. 1936)
Roger Peterson, American pilot (b. 1937)
Ritchie Valens, American musician (b. 1941)
The Big Bopper, American musician (b. 1930)
1960 – Fred Buscaglione, Italian singer and actor (b. 1921)
1961 – Anna May Wong, American actress (b. 1905)
1961 - William Morrison, 1st Viscount Dunrossil, Governor-General of Australia (b. 1893)
1967 - Joe Meek, English record producer (b. 1929)
1969 – Eduardo Mondlane, Mozambique independence founder (b. 1920)
1969 - C. N. Annaduri, Indian politician, 7th Chief Minister of Madras State (b. 1909)
1975 – Umm Kulthum, Egyptian singer (b. 1904)
1975 - William D. Coolidge, American physicist and inventor (b. 1873)
1985 - Frank Oppenheimer, American physicist (b. 1912)
1989 – John Cassavetes, American actor (b. 1929)
1989 - Lionel Newman, American movie music orchestra leader and composer (b. 1916)
1991 - Harry Ackerman, American television producer (b. 1912)
1997 - Bohumil Hrabal, Czech writer (b. 1914)
1998 - Karla Faye Tucker, American murderer (b. 1959)
2000 - Alla Rakha, Indian tabla player (b. 1919)
2003 – Lana Clarkson, American actress (b. 1962)
2004 - Jason Raize, American actor (b. 1975)
2005 – Zurab Zhvania, Georgian politician (b. 1963)
2005 – Ernst Mayr, German biologist (b. 1904)
2006 - Al Lewis, American actor (b. 1923)
2006 - Romano Mussolini, Italian pianist and artist (b. 1927)
2011 – Edouard Glissant, French-Martinican poet (b. 1928)
2011 – Maria Schneider, French actress (b. 1952)
2012 – Ben Gazzara, American actor (b. 1930)
2012 – Samuel Youd, British writer (b. 1922)
2014 - Louise Brough, American tennis player (b. 1923)
2014 - Richard Bull, American actor (b. 1924)
2014 - Louan Gideon, American actress (b. 1955)
2014 - Joan Mondale, former Second Lady of the United States (b. 1930)
2014 - Bill Sinkin, American activist (b. 1913)
2015 - Frank Borghi, American soccer player (b. 1925)
2015 - Charlie Sifford, American golfer (b. 1922)
2015 - Martin Gilbert, British historian (b. 1936)
2015 - Mary Healy, American actress (b. 1918)
2016 - Mark Farren, Irish footballer (b. 1982)
2016 - Balram Jakhar, Indian politician (b. 1923)
2016 - Saulius Sondeckis, Lithuanian violinist and conductor (b. 1928)
2016 - Joe Alaskey, American voice actor (b. 1952)
2016 - Big Kap, American DJ (b. 1970)
2017 - Robert Dahlqvist, Swedish rock musician (b. 1976)
2017 - Yoshiro Hayashi, Japanese politician (b. 1927)
2017 - Hassan Joharchi, Iranian actor (b. 1968)
2017 - Lou Rowan, Australian cricket umpire (b. 1925)
2017 - Benny Perrin, American football player (b. 1959)
2017 - John M. Hayes, American scientist (b. 1940)
2017 - Richard Lyon, American admiral and politician (b. 1923)
2017 - Shumon Miura, Japanese author (b. 1926)
2018 - Michael Harner, American anthropologist and author (b. 1929)
2018 - Dirk Bernard Joseph Schouten, Dutch economist (b. 1923)
2018 - Hukum Singh, Indian politician (b. 1938)
2018 - Rolf Zacher, German actor (b. 1941)
Christian feast day: Saint Blaise (Roman Catholic Church)
Heroes' Day (Mozambique)
Veterans' Day (Thailand)
Setsubun (Japan)
A province is a subdivision of a country.
It is a kind of local government.
Some countries are divided into provinces.
The word "province" comes from the Latin word provincia.
Département: France
Canton: Switzerland
State: United States, Mexico, Brazil, Australia
Bundesland: Germany and Austria
Voivodship: Poland
District: Serbia (okrug), Belize, Bhutan
Prefectures (県): Japan
Estados: Venezuela
County: United Kingdom
Suba: Pakistan
Pradesh: the Hindi word for states: Republic of India
Fylke: Norway
Parish: Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago
Departements usually have less power than provinces.
States, Bundesländer and autonomous communities have more power than provinces.
Jade is a kind of stone.
We use the name "jade" for two different sorts of mineral.
The first sort is nephrite.
This is a form of actinolite (asbestos is a sort of actinolite, too).
The second sort is the mineral jadeite, and it is a pyroxene.
The first sort (nephrite) is harder than the second sort (jadeite).
The first sort (jadeite) has more colors that the second sort (nephrite).
Nephrite is Ca2(Mg, Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2.
Jadeite is NaAlSi2O6.
The two sorts of jade look nearly the same.
People only found that they were two different sorts in 1863.
The nephrite form of jade is very hard.
In the past, Chinese people and the Maori used it to make knives and weapons.
Later, when people could use metals, they liked jade because it looked nice and they thought it had special powers.
Today people also use jade for jewelry.
Jade was found about 7000 years ago.
The Chinese later made jewelry out of it.
Only the rich could have jade because it was so rare and expensive.
It was said that jade had healing powers and it was regarded as very lucky.
Viktor Andriyovych Yushchenko () (born February 23, 1954) is a previous President of Ukraine.
On November 26, 2004, he lost the Ukrainian presidential election.
However, he and his followers argued that the election had been corrupted.
They organized political demonstrations in the autumn and winter of 2004 that gathered millions of people all over the country.
They called the demonstrations The Orange Revolution.
The Constitutional Court ordered a second round of elections, which Yuschenko won.
Yushchenko claimed to have been poisoned by political enemies.
Certainly, he was hospitalized and his appearance shows signs of a grave illness.
Yulia Tymoshenko and Yushchenko were once strong allies (during the Orange Revolution).
Today there is a lot of political misunderstanding between Tymoshenko and Yushchenko.
1954 births
Prime Ministers of Ukraine
Viktor Fedorovych Yanukovych (; born July 9, 1950, Yenakiieve, Stalin Region, Ukrainian SSR) is a Ukrainian politician who was the 4th President of Ukraine from 2010 to 2014; found guilty of treason.
On January 12, 2015, he was declared wanted by Interpol
He was Prime Minister of Ukraine from November 2002 until December 2004 (he was forced to resign (leave office early) on 31 December 2004).
He again was Prime Minister of Ukraine from 4 August 2006 until 18 December 2007.
He is the former leader of the Party of Regions the biggest political party of Ukraine.
The party was formerly part of the Ukrainian government.
In November 2004, he won the presidential election.
Viktor Yushchenko, his opponent, said the result was false.
Large daily demonstrations supporting Viktor Yushchenko followed.
They were named The Orange Revolution.
Ukrainian Judges decided that there would be new elections in December 2004.
Victor Yuschenko won those elections and became president of Ukraine.
Yushchenko claimed to have been poisoned in a bid to silence his "orange power" base.
Certainly, he was hospitalized and his appearance showed signs of a grave illness.
After mass protest in Ukraine during February 2014, Yanukovych was forced-out of office on 22 February 2014.
Oleksandr Turchynov became acting president.
For the second time, Viktor Yanukovych was prosecuted for inflicting moderate bodily injuries under Art.
102 of the Criminal Code of the Ukrainian SSR and sentenced on June 8, 1970 to 2 years of imprisonment.
In connection with the events of Euromaidan, the phrase "Golden Toilet" became a symbol and synonym of the Yanukovych regime.
In many informal speeches, the phrase is used as a euphemism for the rule of Viktor Fedorovich and his political entourage.
Oppression of freedom of speech in Ukraine
During the two months of Yanukovych's presidency and the existence of the pro-presidential majority and the government in Ukraine, the pressure on the media and the curtailment of freedom of speech intensified.
In particular, independent experts noted the politicization of the First National TV Channel.
The facts of censorship on commercial TV channels have become more frequent: journalists of "1 + 1" and "STB" have stated the facts of censorship by their management, and journalists of STB state the existence of facts of censorship since 2008.
The enemy of the press
As of May 15, 2014, 6 criminal cases of abuse of power were being investigated against Yanukovych.
The cases are included in the Unified Register of Pre-trial Investigations.
CLAN of Yanukovich: YANUKOVICH
1950 births
Ukrainian scientists
In chemistry, a salt is any neutral chemical compound made of cations (positive ions) attached to anions (negative ions).
The main kind of salt is sodium chloride with the chemical formula NaCl.
It is formed when hydrochloric acid is added in sodium hydroxide.
The reaction is as follows
Mixtures of salts in water are called electrolytes.
Electricity is able to pass through electrolytes, as well as molten salts.
Salts can melt ice, because salts lower the temperature needed for liquid to freeze.
Because of that, streets are sometimes treated with salt in winter, if the temperature is only a little below freezing.
Table Salt
See also Table salt
The word "Salt" in English often means 'table salt' or 'edible salt' (which is salt that can be eaten).
This kind of salt is made up mostly of sodium chloride (NaCl).
It is one of the few minerals that are eaten a lot by humans, but it can be used for other things besides giving food its flavor.
There are different kinds of edible salt: unrefined salt (for example sea salt), refined salt (table salt), and iodized salt.
It is a crystalline solid that has the color white, pale pink, or light gray.
It is usually taken from sea water or rock deposits.
Natural sea salt has little parts and pieces of other minerals besides sodium chloride.
Rock salts that can be eaten are sometimes a little grayish in color because of these other minerals.
Sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) are the two elements that make up sodium chloride.
Both of these are needed for all living creatures, including humans, but they are not always eaten in the form of salt, where they are found together in large amounts.
Some peoples, like the Yanomami tribe in South America, eat very little salt.
Salt is used to control the amount of water in the body.
Salty flavor is also one of the basic tastes.
Salt cravings may be caused by not having enough minerals, such as sodium chloride, in the body.
Eating too much or too little salt can make health problems more likely to happen, for example hypertension.
When food is made, salt is used as a preservative, to make the food last longer, and as a seasoning, for flavor.
Sources of table salt
From the sea, using salt evaporation ponds or desalinisation plants.
From a mountain, or underground, using salt mines.
From natural brine.
From the supermarket.
Because many germs cannot live in salt, it has been used to preserve food since the earliest times.
Its use as a food preservative helped large amounts of food to be stored, sent a long way, and eaten all through the year.
This helped populations to grow, cities to develop, and soldiers in wars to be fed.
Salt was probably used in Egypt as long ago as 4000 BC.
In ancient times, salt was more valuable than it is now, because it was hard to get in many places, and could be used not only to give foods flavor, but also to make them last longer.
It allowed food to be kept past its season, and taken on long trips.
People often traded salt for other things.
It was of high value in China, Turkey, the Middle East, and Africa.
In the Mediterranean area, including Ancient Rome, salt was even used for money.
The word salary comes from the Latin word for salt, because they paid people in salt.
After people learned how to get salt from the ocean, salt became cheaper.
The Phoenicians were some of the first to figure out how to do this, by pouring seawater on dry land.
Then when it dried, they collected the salt and sold it.
Another use of salt was in war, as a way to punish a city by ruining its crops.
This is called "salting the Earth".
The Assyrians are said to have been one of the first to have done this to their neighbours.
Salts can be found in all different colours, such as: yellow (sodium chromate), orange (potassium dichromate), red (mercury sulphide), mauve (cobalt chloride hexahydrate), blue (copper sulfate pentahydrate, ferric hexacyanoferrate), green (nickel oxide), colorless (magnesium sulphate), white (titanium dioxide), and black (manganese dioxide).
Most minerals and inorganic pigments, as well as many synthetic organic dyes, are salts.
A business is an organization where people work together.
In a business, people work to make and sell products or services.
Other people buy the products and services.
The business owner is the person who hires people for work.
A business can earn a profit for the products and services it offers.
The word business comes from the word busy, and means doing things.
It works on regular basis.
Originally, individual trades people were qualified, and they hired assistants.
The invention of the joint-stock company meant a new era in business.
By this means, some people put up the money as capital, and others used it to run the business.
There is a law which says this kind of company is a "legal entity": it has a legal life separate from its owners or shareholders.
In this way, a company can outlive the people who started it.
This idea was invented in medieval times, but really flowered in the 19th century.
It has spread around the world since then.
Most businesses are created for commerce.
There are big and small businesses.
For example, one person can open a small barber-shop.
A big business, like Microsoft,  employs thousands of people all over the world.
Some businesses need fixed locations.
Examples are an office, store, or farm.
For some businesses the worker goes to different locations.
Examples are carpenters or electricians.
They usually bring everything they need for work in their truck.
Business can also mean the work or current state of a business.
A business owner might say: "I am doing a lot of business" or "My business is good" or "Business is bad".
The term can also be used in a more general way.
As a noun, it can be used, for example, to speak about a broad area of activity.
Winter is one of the four seasons and the coldest time of the year.
The days are shorter and the nights are longer.
Winter comes after autumn and before spring.
Winter begins at the winter solstice.
In the Northern Hemisphere the winter solstice is usually December 21 or December 22.
In the Southern Hemisphere the winter solstice is usually June 21 or June 22.
Some animals hibernate during this season.
In temperate climates there are no leaves on deciduous trees.
People wear warm clothing and eat food that was grown earlier.
Many places have snow in winter, and some people use sleds or skis.
Holidays in winter for many countries include Christmas and New Year's Day.
70 BC – An earthquake in Shandong, China, kills 6,000 people.
193 –  Roman Emperor Marcus Didius is killed in his big house.
1204 - King Philip Augustus of France conquers Rouen.
1215 - Zhongdu (now Beijing), then under control of Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by the Mongols under Genghis Khan, ending in the Battle of Zhongdu.
1252 - Alfonso X of Castile is elected King of Castile and Leon.
1283 – Treaty of Rheinfelden – Duke Rudolph II of Austria has to waive his right to the Duchies of Austria and Styria.
1298 - Residents of Riga and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeat the Livonian order in the Battle of Turaida.
1485 – Matthias of Hungary took Vienna in his conquest of Austria (from Frederick III) and made the city his capital.
1495 – Friar John Cor records the first known batch of scotch whisky.
1533 – Henry VIII of England's new wife, Anne Boleyn, is crowned as queen.
1535 - Combined forces loyal to Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor attack and expel the Ottomans from Tunis during the Conquest of Tunis.
1648 - Second English Civil War: The Roundheads defeat the Cavaliers at the Battle of Maidstone.
1660 – Mary Dyer is hanged in Boston, Massachusetts for defying a law banning Quakers from the colony.
She is considered to be the last religious martyr in North America.
1679 - The Scottish Covenanters defeat John Graham of Claverhouse at the Battle of Drumlog.
1779 – American Revolutionary War: Benedict Arnold is court-martialed for malfeasance in his treatment of government property.
1792 – Kentucky becomes the 15th state in the United States, with Isaac Shelby as its first Governor.
1794 - "Battle of the Glorious First of June" is fought, as the first naval battle between Great Britain and France.
1796 – Tennessee becomes the 16th state in the United States.
1812 – War of 1812: U.S. President James Madison asks the United States Congress to declare war on the United Kingdom.
1813 – The United States Navy gained its motto as the mortally wounded commander of the frigate Chesapeake, Capt.
James Lawrence, said, "Don't give up the ship".
1815 – Napoleon swears fidelity to the Constitution of France.
1831 – James Clark Ross discovers the position of the North Magnetic Pole on the Boothia Peninsula.
1847 – Zeta Psi Fraternity is founded.
1855 – American adventurer William Walker defeats Nicaragua and brings back slavery.
1861 - American Civil War: Battle of Fairfax Oaks Court House takes place, in which the first Confederate combat casualty occurs.
1862 – American Civil War: Battle of Fair Oaks ends – Both sides claim victory.
1868 - The Treaty of Bosque Redondo is signed, allowing Navajos to return to their lands in Arizona and New Mexico.
1869 – Thomas Edison of Boston, Massachusetts, received a patent for his electric voting machine.
1879 – Eugène Napoléon, Prince Imperial of France is killed in the Zulu Wars.
1890 – The United States Census Bureau begins using Herman Hollerith's tabulating machine to count census returns.
1898 – The Trans-Mississippi Exposition world's fair opens in Omaha, Nebraska.
1907 –  Colin Blythe takes 17 wickets for 48 runs against Northamptonshire at Northampton in one day.
It is the best analysis ever recorded either for a county cricket match or a single day's bowling, and not bettered in first-class cricket until 1956.
1909 – The Alaska-Yukon-Pacific Exposition world's fair opens in Seattle, Washington.
1910 – Robert Falcon Scott's South Pole expedition leaves the United Kingdom.
1916 - Louis Brandeis becomes the first Jew to be appointed to the United States Supreme Court.
1918 – World War I: Battle for Belleau Wood begins –
1921 – Tulsa Race Riot: A race riot in Tulsa, Oklahoma kills at least 85 people.
1922 – Official founding of the Royal Ulster Constabulary.
1925 – Lou Gehrig of the New York Yankees played the first game in his record streak of 2,130 games in a row, an endurance record in Major League Baseball that stood until Cal Ripken, Jr. broke it in 1995.
1926 - In Poland, the National Assembly elects Ignacy Moscicki as President.
1932 - Franz von Papen becomes Chancellor of Germany.
1935 – First driving tests introduced in Britain.
1938 – Action Comics issues the first Superman comic.
1938 – Protective baseball helmets were worn by people with bats for the very first time.
1941 – World War II: Battle of Crete ends – Crete gives in to Germany.
1943 – A not soldier flight from Lisbon to London was shot down by the Germans during World War II, killing all on the plane, including actor Leslie Howard.
1954 –  The Peanuts comic strip character Linus van Pelt is shown with a security blanket for the first time.
1958 – Charles de Gaulle is brought out of resting to lead France by order for six months.
1960 - New Zealand's first official television broadcast is transmitted.
1963 - Kenya gains internal self-rule.
1967  – The Beatles album Sgt.
Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band is released.
1971 – Vietnam War: Vietnam Veterans for a Just Peace, claiming to represent the majority of U.S. veterans who served in Southeast Asia, speak against war protests.
1973 - The military proclaims Greece a republic.
1974 - The Heimlich maneuver for rescuing choking victims is published in the journal Emergency Medicine.
1974 – Flixborough disaster: An explosion at a chemical plant in Flixborough, UK kills 28 people.
1978 – The first international applications under the Patent Cooperation Treaty are filed.
1978 - The 1978 FIFA World Cup in Argentina begins.
The staging of the World Cup in Argentina is controversial, due to the military dictatorship in power at the time.
1979 –  The first black-led government of Rhodesia in 90 years takes power, ousting Ian Smith and changing its name to Zimbabwe
1980 – The Cable News Network (CNN) begins broadcasting.
1988 - A mining accident in Stolzenbach, Hesse, then-West Germany, kills 51 miners.
6 survive and are rescued on June 4.
1989 – Oba Chandler murders an Ohio family on their Florida vacation by drowning them in Tampa Bay.
1990 – U.S. President George H. W. Bush and Soviet Union leader Mikhail Gorbachev sign a treaty to end chemical weapon production and start destroying each of their nation's stockpiles.
1990 - Karl-Marx-Stadt, in then-East Germany, changes its name back to Chemnitz.
1993 - Dobrinja mortar attack, west of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, kills 13 people and injures 133, as Serb mortar shells hit during a football game.
1994 – South Africa re-joins the Commonwealth of Nations.
1999 - American Airlines Flight 1420 slides and crashes at Little Rock National Airport in Arkansas, killing 11 people.
2000 – The Patent Law Treaty (PLT) is signed.
2001 - Several members of Nepal's royal family, including King Birendra of Nepal and Queen Aiswarya of Nepal, are killed in a massacre.
Crown Prince, Dipendra of Nepal, is believed to have carried out the attack, and dies of his injuries on June 4.
2001 - A Hamas suicide bombing kills 21 people at a disco in Tel-Aviv, Israel.
2002 - The Germany national football team scores its highest FIFA World Cup win, defeating the Saudi Arabia national football team 8-0 in a group match.
2003 – The People's Republic of China begins filling the reservoir behind the massive Three Gorges Dam, raising the water level near the dam over 100 meters.
2005 – Voters in the Netherlands reject the proposed EU Constitution.
2008 – A fire at Universal Studios Hollywood destroys 118,000 to 175,000 copies of master tapes.
2009 – Air France Flight 447: An Air France plane crashes into the Atlantic Ocean, northeast of Brazil, killing all 228 people on board.
2009 – General Motors files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy.
2011 – Sepp Blatter is controversially re-elected as FIFA President.
2014 - FIFA, the governing body of world football, is embroiled in a corruption scandal after reports of irregularities when Qatar won the right to host the 2022 FIFA World Cup in 2010.
2015 - A ship carrying over 458 people sinks on the Yangtze River in Hubei province, China, killing 400 people.
2016 - The Gotthard Base Tunnel, the longest tunnel in the world, opens in Switzerland after around 20 years of building work.
2017 - President Donald Trump announces the United States' withdrawal from the Paris climate change agreement.
2018 - A coalition government consisting of the Five Star Movement and the League Party takes office in Italy, with Giuseppe Conte as Prime minister.
2018 - Mariano Rajoy is removed from office as Prime minister of Spain by a parliamentary vote of no confidence; Pedro Sánchez replaces him.
2019 - Nayib Bukele becomes President of El Salvador.
2019 - Liverpool F.C. defeats Tottenham Hotspur F.C. 2-0 in the second UEFA Champions League final between two English clubs.
719 – Yang Yuhuan, Chinese princess and consort (d. 756)
1076 – Mstislav I of Kiev (d. 1132)
1134 - Geoffrey, Count of Nantes (d. 1158)
1300 - Thomas of Brotherton, 1st Earl of Salisbury, son of King Edward I of England (d. 1338)
1455 - Anne of Savoy (d. 1480)
1480 - Tiedemann Giese, Polish bishop (d. 1550)
1503 – Wilhelm von Grumbach, German adventurer (d. 1567)
1563 – Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury, English politician (d. 1612)
1633 – Geminiano Montanari, Italian astronomer (d. 1687)
1637 - Jacques Marquette, French missionary and explorer (d. 1675)
1754 - Ferdinand Karl, Archduke of Austria-Este (d. 1806)
1771 – Ferdinando Paer, Italian composer (d. 1839)
1790 – Ferdinand Raimund, Austrian playwright (d. 1836)
1796 - Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot, French military engineer and physicist (d. 1832)
1801 – Brigham Young, American Mormon leader (d. 1877)
1804 – Mikhail Glinka, Russian composer (d. 1857)
1814 - Charles Anderson, 27th Governor of Ohio (d. 1895)
1815 – King Otto of Greece (d. 1862)
1819 - Francis V, Duke of Modena (d. 1875)
1825 - John Hunt Morgan, American general (d. 1864)
1831 - John Bell Hood, American general (d. 1879)
1833 – John Marshall Harlan, Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court (d. 1911)
1843 – Henry Faulds, Scottish fingerprinting pioneer (d. 1930)
1844 - Vasily Polenov, Russian painter (d. 1921)
1850 - Sami Frashëri, Albanian writer (d. 1904)
1875 - Carl Severing, German politician (d. 1952)
1878 – John Masefield, English novelist and poet (d. 1967)
1879 - Max Emmerich, American athlete and gymnast (d. 1956)
1882 - Nicolae Bivol, Moldovan politician (d. 1940)
1889 - James Daugherty, American painter, illustrator and writer (d. 1974)
1889 – Charles Kay Ogden, book writer who created the idea of Basic English (d. 1957)
1890 – Frank Morgan, American actor (d. 1949)
1898 – Molly Picon, American actress (d. 1992)
1901 – Hap Day, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1990)
1905 - Robert Newton, English stage and movie actor (d. 1956)
1907 – Frank Whittle, English aircraft engineer (d. 1996)
1912 – Herbert Tichy, Austrian mountaineer (d. 1987)
1917 – William Standish Knowles, American chemist (d. 2012)
1921 - Nelson Riddle, American arranger, composer and bandleader (d. 1985)
1922 – Povel Ramel, Swedish entertainer (d. 2007)
1922 – Joan Caulfield, American actress (d. 1991)
1922 - Joan Copeland, American actress
1926 – Andy Griffith, American actor (d. 2012)
1926 – Marilyn Monroe, American actress (d. 1962)
1926 - Richard Schweiker, American politician (d. 2015)
1928 – Bob Monkhouse, British comedian (d. 2003)
1928 - Steve Dodd, Australian actor (d. 2014)
1928 - Larry Zeidel, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2014)
1928 – Georgy Dobrovolsky, Soviet cosmonaut (d. 1971)
1929 - Nargis, Indian actress (d. 1981)
1930 - Kei Kumai, Japanese director (d. 2007)
1930 - Richard Levins, American scientist (d. 2016)
1930 – Edward Woodward, British actor (d. 2009)
1931 - Hal Smith, American baseball player (d. 2014)
1933 - Sandy D'Alemberte, American lawyer, professor and politician (d. 2019)
1933 – Haruo Remeliik, 1st President of Palau (d. 1985)
1933 – Charles Wilson, American politician (d. 2010)
1934 – Pat Boone, American singer
1935 – Norman Foster, British architect
1935 – Hazel Dickens, American singer, songwriter and musician
1937 - Colleen McCullough, Australian author (d. 2015)
1937 – Ezio Pascutti, Italian footballer (d. 2017)
1937 – Morgan Freeman, American actor
1938 – Carlo Caffarra, Italian Roman Catholic Archbishop of Bologna and cardinal (d. 2017)
1940 - Kip Thorne, American theoretical physicist
1941 - Toyo Ito, Japanese architect
1941 - Alexander V. Zakharov, Russian physicist and astronomer
1942 - Fernando Atzori, Italian boxer
1942 - Eric Nagler, Canadian children’s musician
1944 - Robert Powell, British actor
1945 - Frederica von Stade, American operatic mezzo-soprano
1946 – Brian Cox, Scottish actor
1947 - Jan Harvey, British actress
1947 – Jonathan Pryce, Welsh actor
1947 – Ronnie Wood, British musician (Rolling Stones)
1947 - Ron Dennis, British businessman
1948 - Powers Boothe, American actor (d. 2017)
1948 - Aruna Shanbaug, Indian nurse (d. 2015)
1950 - Tim Bishop, American politician
1950 - Gemma Craven, Irish actress and singer
1952 - Senol Gunes, Turkish football manager
1953 - Ronnie Dunn, American country musician
1953 - Tim Bentinck, 12th Earl of Portland, English actor and peer
1953 – David Berkowitz, American serial killer (Son of Sam)
1955 - Chiyonofuji Mitsugu, Japanese sumo wrestler (d. 2016)
1955 - Tony Snow, American journalist (d. 2008)
François Chérèque, French labor unionist (d. 2017)
Lisa Hartman-Black, American Actress & singer
Peter Tomka, Slovakian jurist & diplomat
1958 - Nambaryn Enkhbayar, 3rd President of Mongolia
1959 - Alan Wilder, English singer, musician, producer and composer
1959 – Martin Brundle, British racecar driver
1960 – Simon Gallup, British musician (The Cure)
1960 - Vladimir Krutov, Soviet-Russian ice hockey player (d. 2012)
1960 - Sergey Kuznetsov, Soviet-Russian footballer
1960 - Giorgos Lillikas, Cypriot politician
1960 - Einar Vilhjálmsson, Icelandic javelin thrower
1961 – Paul Coffey, Canadian ice hockey player
1961 - Peter Machajdik, Slovakian-German composer
1963 – Mike Joyce, British musician (The Smiths)
1965 – Larisa Lazutina, Russian cross-country skier
1965 – Nigel Short, British chess player
1965 - Olga Nazarova, Russian athlete
1966 - Abel Balbo, Argentine footballer
1967 - Roger Sanchez, American producer and DJ
1968 – Jason Donovan, Australian actor and singer
1968 - Karen Mulder, Dutch model and singer
1968 - Jeff Hackett, Canadian ice hockey player
1968 - Mathias Rust, German pilot
1970 – Alexi Lalas, American soccer player
1970 - Andrea Fay Friedman, American actress
1971 - Mario Cimarro, Cuban-American actor
1971 - Ghil'ad Zuckermann, linguist
1972 – Daniel Casey, English actor
1973 – Adam Garcia, Australian actor
1973 – Heidi Klum, German model
1973 - René Zagger, English actor
1974 – Alanis Morissette, Canadian singer
1974 – Michael Rasmussen, Danish cyclist
1974 - Sarah Teather, British politician
1975 - Kate Magowan, American actress
1975 - Frauke Petry, German chemist and politician
1976 - Marlon Devonish, British athlete
1977 - Sarah Wayne Callies, American actress
1977 - Danielle Harris, American actress
1977 - Brad Wilkerson, American baseball player
1980 - Oliver James, British musician and actor
1981 - Amy Schumer, American comedienne, writer and actress
1981 - Carlos Zambrano, Venezuelan-American baseball player
1982 – Justine Henin, Belgian tennis player
1983 - Hannah Bardell, Scottish politician
1984 – Naidangiin Tuvshinbayar, Mongolian athlete
1984 - Jean Beausejour, Chilean footballer
1984 - Stéphane Sessègnon, Beninese footballer
1985 – Mário Hipólito, Angolan footballer
1985 - José Fernando Cuadrado, Colombian footballer
1985 - Tirunesh Dibaba, Ethiopian runner
1986 - Dayana Mendoza, Venezuelan model
1986 - Chinedu Obasi, Nigerian footballer
1987 - Juan Hernández, Mexican footballer
1987 – Zoltán Harsányi, Slovakian footballer
1988 – Nami Tamaki, Japanese pop singer
1988 – Javier Hernández Balcázar, Mexican footballer
1989 - Samuel Inkoom, Ghanaian footballer
1990 - Bianca Perie, Romanian hammer thrower
1992 - Jenna McDougall, Australian singer-songwriter
1992 - Kira Plastinina, Russian fashion designer
1996 - Tom Holland, English actor
2000 - Willow Shields, American actress
2003 - Emjay Anthony, American actor and model
2004 - Krisia Todorova, Bulgarian singer
195 BC – Gaozu of Han of China (born 256 BC or 247 BC)
193 – Marcus Severus Didius Julianus, Roman Emperor (b. 133)
657 - Pope Eugene I
1432 - Dan II of Wallachia
1434 – Wladislaus II of Poland (b. 1362)
1571 - John Story, English martyr (b. 1504)
1616 – Tokugawa Ieyasu, Japanese shogun (b. 1543)
1660 – Mary Dyer, English-born Quaker (b. 1611)
1740 – Samuel Werenfels, Swiss theologian (b. 1657)
1769 - Edward Holyoke, American clergyman (b. 1689)
1795 - Pierre-Joseph Desault, French anatomist (b. 1744)
1823 - Louis-Nicolas Davout, French marshal (b. 1770)
1826 - Jean Frédéric Oberlin, Alsatian pastor (b. 1740)
1830 - Swaminarayan, Indian Hindu figure (b. 1751)
1841 – Nicolas Appert, French inventor (b. 1749)
1846 – Pope Gregory XVI (born 1765)
1864 - Hong Xiuquan, Chinese rebel (b. 1820)
1868 – James Buchanan, 15th President of the United States (born 1791)
1872 - James Gordon Bennett, American newspaper publisher (b. 1795)
1873 - Joseph Howe, 5th Premier of Nova Scotia (b. 1804)
1876 – Hristo Botev, Bulgarian revolutionary (born 1848)
1879 – Napoléon Eugène, Prince Imperial of France (b. 1856)
1899 - Klaus Groth, German poet and writer (b. 1819)
1904 - George Frederic Watts, English painter (b. 1817)
1927 - Lizzie Borden, American suspected murderess (b. 1860)
1927 – J. B. Bury, Irish historian (born 1861)
1938 – Odon V. Horvath, Austro-Hungarian writer (b. 1901)
1941 - Hugh Walpole, New Zealand-English writer (b. 1884)
1943 – Leslie Howard, English actor (born 1893)
1946 – Ion Antonescu, Romanian prime minister and dictator (born 1882)
1948 – Sonny Boy Williamson, American blues musician (born 1914)
1952 – John Dewey, American philosopher (born 1859)
1955 - Kathleen, Duchess of Newcastle (b. 1872)
1959 – Sax Rohmer, English writer (born 1883)
1960 – Lester Patrick, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (born 1883)
1965 - Curly Lambeau, American football player and coach (b. 1898)
1966 – Papa Jack Laine, American jazz musician (born 1873)
1968 – Helen Keller, American humanitarian (born 1880)
1969 – Ivar Ballangrud, Norwegian ice skater (born 1904)
1971 – Reinhold Niebuhr, American theologian (born 1892)
1979 – Werner Forssmann, German physician (born 1904)
1980 – Rube Marquard, American Baseball Hall of Famer (born 1886)
1981 – Carl Vinson, United States Congressman (born 1883)
1983 – Prince Charles, Count of Flanders, Belgian royal (b. 1903)
1983 - Anna Seghers, German writer (b. 1900)
1985 - Gaston Rébuffat, French mountaineer (b. 1921)
1987 - Rashid Karami, 32nd Prime Minister of Lebanon (b. 1921)
1991 – David Ruffin, American singer (b. 1941)
1994 – Frances Heflin, American soap opera actress (born 1923)
1996 – Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, President of India (born 1913)
1998 - Gottfried Dienst, Swiss football referee (born 1919)
1999 – Christopher Cockerell, British engineer and inventor (born 1910)
2000 - Tito Puente, American musician and composer (born 1923)
2001 – Hank Ketcham, American cartoonist, creator of Dennis the Menace (b. 1920)
2001 – King Birendra of Nepal (b. 1945) (shot)
2001 – Queen Aiswarya of Nepal (b. 1949) (shot)
2002 – Hansie Cronje, South African cricketer (b. 1969)
2004 – William Manchester, American biographer and novelist (b. 1922)
2004 – Satomi Mitarai, Japanese student, murdered by a classmate
2005 – George Mikan, American basketball player (b. 1924)
2008 – Yves Saint Laurent, French fashion designer (b. 1936)
2008 – Tommy Lapid, Israeli journalist and politician (b. 1931)
2009 - Silvio Barbato, Italian-Brazilian opera conductor and composer (b. 1959) (Air France Flight 447)
2010 – Andrey Voznesensky, Russian poet (b. 1933)
2010 – Kazuo Ohno, Japanese dancer (b. 1906)
2011 – Haleh Sahabi, Iranian human rights activist (b. 1957)
2014 - Ann B. Davis, American actress (b. 1926)
2014 - Karlheinz Hackl, Austrian actor (b. 1949)
2014 - Jay Lake, American author (b. 1964)
2015 - Joan Kirner, Australian politician, Premier of Victoria (b. 1938)
2015 - Shone An, Taiwanese singer and actor (b. 1983)
2015 - Nobutaka Machimura, Japanese politician (b. 1944)
2015 - Charles Kennedy, Scottish politician, former leader of the Liberal Democrats (b. 1959)
2015 - Jacques Parizeau, Canadian politician, 26th Premier of Quebec (b. 1930)
2015 - Nicholas Liverpool, 6th President of Dominica (b. 1934)
2015 - Jean Ritchie, American folk singer (b. 1922)
2015 - Kirill Pokrovsky, Russian composer (b. 1962)
2016 - Razak Khan, Indian actor (b. 1954)
2016 - Roger Enrico, American businessman (b. 1944)
2016 - Boyce F. Martin, Jr., American judge (b. 1935)
2017 - Roy Barraclough, English actor (b. 1935)
2017 - Tankred Dorst, German playwright (b. 1925)
2017 - Alois Mock, Austrian politician (b. 1934)
2017 - Roberto De Vicenzo, Argentine golfer (b. 1923)
2017 - Jack McCloskey, American basketball player (b. 1925)
2017 - J. B. Dauda, Sierra Leonean politician (b. 1942)
2017 - Sonja Sutter, German actress (b. 1931)
2017 - José Greci, Italian actress (b. 1941)
2017 - Rosa Taikon, Swedish activist, silversmith and actress (b. 1926)
2018 - Poldy Bird, Argentine writer (b. 1941)
2018 - Jean-Claude Boulard, French politician (b. 1943)
2018 - Eddy Clearwater, American blues singer (b. 1935)
2018 - Jill Ker Conway, Australian-American author (b. 1934)
2018 - Hilmar Hoffmann, German film and culture academic (b. 1925)
2018 - John Julius Norwich, English historian (b. 1929)
2018 - William Edward Phipps, American actor (b. 1922)
2018 - Bob Clotworthy, American diver (b. 1931)
2018 - Rockin' Rebel, American professional wrestler (b. 1966)
2018 - Dhiraj Choudhury, Indian painter (b. 1936)
2018 - Razan al-Najjar, Pakistani nurse (b. 1996)
2019 - Leah Chase, American chef (b. 1923)
2019 - John Meyers, English radio executive (b. 1959)
2019 - José Antonio Reyes, Spanish footballer (b. 1983)
2019 - Michel Serres, French philosopher, theorist and writer (b. 1930)
2019 - Ani Yudhoyono, Indonesian First Lady (b. 1952)
International Children's Day
National Day Against Homophobia (Canada)
Azores Day
Independence Day (Samoa)
President's Day (Palau)
Victory Day (Tunisia)
National Tree Planting Day (Cambodia)
Marine's Day (Mexico)
Madaraka Day (Kenya)
Hari Gawai (Malaysia)
June 01
en:Junta (Peninsular War)
Nezahualcoyotl (1402 - 1472) was king of Texcoco, a part of the Aztec empire.
He was also a famous poet.
1402 births
1472 deaths
tl:Nezahualcóyotl
Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla (8 May, 1753 – 30 July, 1811) was a Mexican priest.
He started Mexico's war of independence against Spain.
Hidalgo made a speech in 1810 now called the Grito de Dolores.
He called on the people to support the King of Spain against the rebellious Viceroy of Mexico.