the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
Kōchi is in the southwestern part of Shikoku.
The prefecture faces the Pacific Ocean.
Ehime Prefecture is to the northwest.
Tokushima Prefecture is to the northeast.
Kochi is famous for its clear streams.
The most famous stream is Shimanto.
The head of the Yoshino River is in Kōchi.
Mount Inamura (Inamura-yama) is the highest peak in the prefecture.
Its height is 1,506 m (4,941 ft) above sea level.
Shimanto river
Niyodo river
Kagami river
Kuma river
Tosa jinja is the chief Shinto shrine (ichinomiya) in the prefecture.
Kōchi Prefecture ;
In video games, first person means the player sees the game from the eyes of the character he or she is playing as.
This is different than third person where the player watches what the character does from a virtual camera.
The player is supposed to feel like he or she is inside the character.
A common type of first person game is first-person shooter.
In a first-person shooter the player can usually see his or her arms holding a gun or other weapon.
Some games such as Call of Duty let the player look right down the sights of the gun to aim.
Many simulation games (or "sims") where the player controls a vehicle are first person.
This includes most flight simulators and many racing video games.
The player can often see the controls and instruments of the vehicle, such as the steering wheel and speedometer in a car or the joystick and altimeter in an airplane.
The one-child policy (or family planning policy) was a policy introduced in the People's Republic of China in the year 1979.
Mao Zedong had thought that a bigger population resulted in a stronger country, but of course, they faced a lot more problems.
China had gone above carrying capacity and there were not enough resources for everyone.
After the Second World War, the Chinese population grew quickly.
In September of 1980, the one-child policy was introduced.
The policy was introduced to control population growth and declares that Chinese families should only have one child.
There are a few exceptions to this rule.
Beyond the exceptions, if a couple wanted to have more than one child, they must pay money to the government.
In some places in China, couples were able to get a permit so they would not have to pay the fee.
Because most families would not be able to afford the fee, women were often forced to have an abortion.
There were punishments for those who had a second child.
However, if the first child were to be a female, the couple could try to have a second child, in hopes of a male child.
Since it was started in 1979, the policy has prevented 400 million births from happening.
About 36% of the Chinese population is affected by the rule.
The policy does not apply in some areas, such as Hong Kong, Macau or Tibet.
After more than 30 years of the one-child policy, China started to face a population ageing problem.
And as the Chinese economy developed rapidly in recent years, the workforce also became tight.
In 2015, it was decided that the one-child policy was to be removed and instead allowed couples to have two children for the first time in thirty years.
Effective from January 2016, the one-child policy was replaced by a two-child policy, allowing each couple to have two children.
Even before the policy was introduced, China took many steps to encourage families to have fewer children.
These steps included messages preaching the importance of family planning.
There was one such of these messages that was a sign put up in Tang Shan that read, 'For a prosperous and powerful nation and a happy family, please use birth planning'.
There were also incentives and rewards for those who only had one child, which continued through the one-child policy.
Some of these included access to government services, better employment opportunities, higher wages, longer maternity leave, quality childcare, and better housing.
As of May 2021, the two child policy increased to three children.
This is because of the decline in China's population
The 2010 Commonwealth Games is the nineteenth Commonwealth Games, and the ninth to be held under that name.
The Games are being held in New Delhi, India from 3 to 14 October 2010, the largest multi-sport event conducted to date in Delhi and India, which has previously hosted the Asian Games in 1951 and 1982.
The opening ceremony took place at the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, the main stadium of the event.
It is also the first time the Commonwealth Games is held in India and the second time the event has been held in Asia (after 1998 in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia).
Delhi was selected to host the Commonwealth Games, beating the bid from Hamilton on November 14 2003 at the Commonwealth Games Foundation General Assembly.
This was India's third bid, bidding unsuccessfully in 1990 and 1994.
October 2010 events
Dad's Army is a sitcom made by the BBC which was shown on British television between 1968 and 1977.
It is about a Home Guard platoon during World War II.
It was very popular at the time and is still repeated.
It starred several well-known British actors including Arthur Lowe, John Le Mesurier, John Laurie Bill Pertwee, and Clive Dunn.
The Home Guard were set up in 1940 to protect Britain in the case of invasion.
Because most young men were in the regular army, Home Guard platoons were usually made up of older people.
The show followed the Walmington-on-Sea platoon, led by Captain Mainwaring (pronounced "Mannering"), a bank manager who appoints himself leader.
His platoon is made up of his posh sergeant, Wilson, elderly butcher Lance Corporal Jones, several senior citizens (Privates Godfrey and Frazer), as well as a "spiv" (Private Walker) and a mother's boy (Private Pike), as well as other men who don't say much.
The humour is derived from their antics, as well as the relationship between Mainwaring and his upper-class sergeant.
In early episodes, the humour was based on the difficulty of starting the platoon without any weapons.
In later episodes, the comedy was often based on the characters.
Because the platoon rarely encountered the Nazis, their enemy was usually the grumpy ARP Warden Hodges, played by Bill Pertwee.
Platoon members
Captain Mainwaring, played by Arthur Lowe - A bank manager in charge of the platoon.
Sergeant Wilson, played by John Le Mesurier - second in charge.
He is quiet, well spoken and often appears very relaxed.
Lance Corporal Jones, played by Clive Dunn - third in charge.
He is very keen, and an old solider of the British Empire, although his ideas often go wrong.
He also gets very worried when a problem happens, and shouts "Don't Panic".
Private Frazer, played by John Laurie.
A regular soldier.
He is a grumpy but kind hearted Scottish man.
Private Godfrey, played by Arnold Ridley.
He is a very nice, but very old man, who often needs to go to the toilet.
Private Pike, played by Ian Lavender.
He is very young, and is often told that he is a "stupid boy" by Mainwaring.
Private Walker, played by Jimmy Beck.
A chirpy regular soldier.
Able to get any supplies for the platoon through illegal methods.
He is quite cheeky and is often told off by Mainwaring.
ARP Warden William Hodges, played by Bill Pertwee.
The platoon's major rival and nemesis.
Mainwaring looked down on him as a greengrocer.
As an ARP Warden he was always demanding that people "put that light out".
The Vicar - local parish vicar of the town
Mr Yeatmen - the local parish verger and busybody
Captain Square - Commander of the nearby Eastgate Home Guard and old soldier
Mr Gordon - Town Clerk
Mrs Pike - Frank's mother
Dad's Army at the former BBC Guide to Comedy (archive)
1968 television series debuts
1977 disestablishments in Europe
1960s sitcoms
A card game is any game played with playing cards.
Some common card games are poker, bridge, blackjack, solitaire, and go fish.
Cards are individually identifiable from one side only (the "face").
Each player knows only the cards he holds and not those held by anyone else.
Card games are often called  "games of chance" or games of "imperfect information".
In these, the current position is not seen by all players throughout the game.
Some games of cards use a board.
The gameplay of a card game depends on the use of the cards by players.
The board is a guide for scorekeeping or for card placement.
Board games (the principal non-card game genre to use cards) generally focus on the players' positions on the board, and use the cards for some secondary purpose.
There are trading card games like Pokemon and Yu-Gi-Oh!
that use special packs.
These games often involve fighting role-play.
International Playing Card Society
Rules for historic card games
Clock and Patience Card Game
Kelantan is a state in Malaysia on the northeast part of Peninsular Malaysia.
The capital city of Kelantan is Kota Baru.
Melaka (formerly known as Malacca) () is a state in Malaysia that is on the southern part of Malay Peninsula.
The Strait of Malacca is to the south.
The capital city of Malacca is Malacca City.
Negeri Sembilan is a state in Malaysia.
It is on the southern part of Peninsular Malaysia.
The capital city of Negeri Sembilan is Seremban.
Pahang is a state in Malaysia on the eastern part of Peninsular Malaysia.
The capital city of Pahang is Kuantan.
Perak is a state in Malaysia on the western part of Peninsular Malaysia.
The capital city of Perak is Ipoh.
Perlis is a state in Malaysia that is on the very northwestern part of Peninsular Malaysia, bordering Thailand.
The capital city of Perlis is Kangar.
Sabah is a state in Malaysia on the northeast part of the island of Borneo.
The capital city of Sabah is Kota Kinabalu.
Sarawak is a state in Malaysia.
It is mostly on the northwestern part of the island of Borneo.
The capital city of Sarawak is Kuching.
The official languages of Sarawak are Malay and English.
Other local spoken languages include Chinese, Iban, Melanau, Bidayuh, Punan, Penan, Kelabit, Kayan and others.
Terangganu (; Jawi:ترڠݢانو, Terengganu Malay: Tranung, Thai: ตรังกานู) formerly spelled Trengganu or Tringganu, is a state in Malaysia on the northeastern part of Peninsular Malaysia.
The capital city of Terengganu is Kuala Terengganu.
Terengganu State Government Information Portal
Tourism Malaysia - Terengganu
Terengganu tourism page
Labuan is an island which is also the Federal Territory in Malaysia.
It is off the northeastern part of the island of Borneo facing the South China Sea.
Federal Territories of Malaysia
Putrajaya is the administrative capital city of Malaysia.
It is south of Kuala Lumpur, the seat of government of Malaysia.
It is also a Federal Territory in Malaysia.
Counter-terrorism, also spelled as counterterrorism, is work to prevent and fight against terrorism.
Counter-terrorism is usually done by governments, militaries, paramilitaries, police forces, and special counter-terrorism units.
There are many different ways to do counter-terrorism.
An important goal is to stop terrorism before it happens.
This is done by trying to find out about plans to commit terrorism.
If the plan is discovered, sometimes the terrorists can be arrested or security can be sent to protect the target of the terrorism.
Sometimes no one finds out about the terrorist plot until it starts to happen.
When this happens, police or counter-terrorist soldiers may be sent to try and stop the terrorists from completing the plan, which usually leads to combat.
Boraginaceae is a family of around 2000 species, occurring mainly in Europe and Asia, especially in the Mediterranean region.
Most of them are herbs, although there are some woody plants.
Most of them are grown as ornamental plants, although some are a source of dye or have medicinal uses.
The most well-known members of the Family include Forget-me-not (Myosotis), Heliotrope (Heliotropium), the Comfreys (Symphytum), Borage (Borago), and Hound's Tongue (Cynoglossum).
Capparaceae commonly known the caper family, are trees, shrubs, or lianas, sometimes herbs, that are usually found in the tropics.
The family may contain up to 16 genera and 480 species, although some genera currently included may not belong there.
The largest genera are Capparis (about 150 species), Maerua (100 species), Boscia (37 species) and Cadaba (30 species).
The history of astronomy describes the ideas of earlier civilisations.
It also discusses the beginnings of modern astronomy.
Babylonian astronomers viewed the sky as a celestial sphere, far above the Earth.
This sphere had shiny stars on it.
Like earlier astronomers, they organized and named constellations.
They took special interest in the seven bright stars that did not stay in a particular constellation.
These were the Star of the Day (Sun), the Star of the Night (Moon) and the five planets.
These stars wandered around the celestial sphere, in an area now called the Zodiac, and the astronomers carefully recorded their travels.
Greek philosophers, seeing the movement of heavenly bodies, developed models of the Universe based more on empirical evidence.
The first model was proposed by Eudoxus of Cnidos.
According to this model, space and time are infinite and eternal, the Earth is spherical and stationary, and all other matter is confined to rotating concentric spheres.
This model was brought into agreement with astronomical observations by Ptolemy of Alexandria, in the second century AD.
His Syntaxis mathematica, known as the Almagest, was translated from Greek to Arabic, and from Arabic to Latin.
It was first printed in 1515, with another edition in 1528.
However, not all Greek scientists accepted the geocentric (Earth-centered) model of the Universe.
The Pythagorean philosopher Philolaus thought the center of the Universe was a "central fire" around which the Earth, Sun, Moon and Planets revolved in uniform circular motion.
The Greek astronomer Aristarchus of Samos was the first person to propose a heliocentric (Sun-centered) model of the universe.
Though the original text has been lost, a reference in Archimedes' book The Sand Reckoner describes Aristarchus' heliocentric theory.
Archimedes wrote: (translated into English)
You King Gelon are aware the 'Universe' is the name given by most astronomers to the sphere the center of which is the center of the Earth, while its radius is equal to the straight line between the center of the Sun and the center of the Earth.
This is the common account as you have heard from astronomers.
But Aristarchus has brought out a book consisting of certain hypotheses, wherein it appears, as a consequence of the assumptions made, that the universe is many times greater than the 'Universe' just mentioned.
His hypotheses are that the fixed stars and the Sun remain unmoved, that the Earth revolves about the Sun on the circumference of a circle, the Sun lying in the middle of the orbit, and that the sphere of fixed stars, situated about the same center as the Sun, is so great that the circle in which he supposes the Earth to revolve bears such a proportion to the distance of the fixed stars as the center of the sphere bears to its surface.
Aristarchus thus believed the stars to be very far away, and saw this as the reason why there was no visible parallax, that is, an observed movement of the stars relative to each other as the Earth moved around the Sun.
The stars are in fact much farther away than was generally assumed in ancient times, which is why stellar parallax is only detectable with telescopes.
The rejection of the heliocentric view was apparently quite strong, as the following passage from Plutarch suggests (On the apparent face in the orb of the Moon):
Cleanthes [a contemporary of Aristarchus and head of the Stoics] thought it was the duty of the Greeks to indict Aristarchus of Samos on the charge of impiety for putting in motion the Hearth of the universe [i.e. the Earth], . . .
supposing the heaven to remain at rest and the earth to revolve in an oblique circle, while it rotates, at the same time, about its own axis.
The only other astronomer from antiquity known by name who supported Aristarchus' heliocentric model was Seleucus of Seleucia.
He was a Babylonian astronomer a century after Aristarchus.
According to Plutarch, Seleucus was the first to prove the heliocentric system through reasoning, but it is not known what arguments he used.
Seleucus' arguments for a heliocentric theory were probably related to the phenomenon of tides.
According to Strabo (1.1.9), Seleucus was the first to state that the tides are due to the attraction of the Moon, and that the height of the tides depends on the Moon's position relative to the Sun.
As noted by Copernicus himself, the suggestion that the Earth rotates (goes round on its axis) was very old, dating at least to Philolaus (c. 450 BC).
About a century before Copernicus, Nicholas of Cusa also proposed that the Earth rotates on its axis in his book, On Learned Ignorance (1440).p754
Copernicus' heliocentric model allowed the stars to be placed uniformly through the (infinite) space surrounding the planets, as first proposed by Thomas Digges in his Perfit Description of the Caelestiall Orbes according to the most aunciente doctrine of the Pythagoreans, latelye revived by Copernicus and by Geometricall Demonstrations approved (1576).
Giordano Bruno accepted the idea that space was infinite and filled with solar systems similar to our own.
n; for the publication of his various beliefs, he was burnt at the stake in Rome on 17 February 1600.
This cosmology was accepted provisionally by Isaac Newton, Christiaan Huygens and later scientists, but it had several paradoxes which were resolved only with general relativity.
The first paradox was that it assumed that space and time were infinite, and that the stars in the universe had been burning forever; however, since stars are constantly radiating energy, a finite star seems inconsistent with the radiation of infinite energy.
Secondly, Edmund Halley (1720) noted that an infinite space filled uniformly with stars would lead to the prediction that the nighttime sky would be as bright as the sun itself; this became known as Olbers' paradox in the 19th century.
Third, Newton himself showed that an infinite space uniformly filled with matter would cause infinite forces and instabilities crushing matter inwards inwards under gravity.
This instability was later clarified in 1902.
As observations on the Solar System progressed, some basic facts appeared.
All planets go round the Sun in the same direction, and their planes of revolution are very similar.
Likewise, most satellites go round planets in nearly the same planes.
The planets revolve around their own axes in the same sense in which they orbit the Sun.
These regularities cannot be a chance coincidence.
A significant astronomical advance of the 18th century was the realization by Thomas Wright (1711–1786) that the "fixed stars" were not scattered at random, but concentrated in what we now call the "galactic plane", our view of the Milky Way.
What is even more remarkable is his idea that very faint nebulae, in which "no one star... can possibly be distinguished" might be extremely distant groups of the same kind.p83/4
Kant (1724–1804), known today for his philosophy, made some important discoveries about the nature of the Earth's rotation.
He showed the frictional resistance against tidal currents on the Earth's surface must cause a very gradual slowing of the earth's rotation.
The days have grown longer as time has passed.
Also, he laid out a nebular hypothesis, in which he deduced that the Solar System formed from a large cloud of gas, a nebula.
Following Wright, Kant also thought the Milky Way was a large disk of stars formed from a (much larger) spinning cloud of gas.
The greatest theoretician of the 18th century was Laplace (1749–1827), who worked on the mechanics of the planets and Solar System.
His massive 5-volume work on the mechanics of the Solar System explained many of the regularities which observations had discovered.
Laplace made good use of another Frenchman's mathematics: Lagrange (1736–1813).
Laplace is also noteworthy for his nebular hypothesis of the evolution of the Solar System.
As it happens, the details of Laplace's theory do not quite work out for planetary systems, but they are the basis of how we understand stars condense out of a nebula.
The 18th century was also a century of great observers.
William Herschel (1738–1822), helped by his sister Caroline (1750–1848) built the biggest telescope of the day (40-foot), but did his best work on a 20-foot telescope.
There were problems with the mirror of the large one.
The discovery of Uranus put his career on the way: he got a salary of £200 a year as "King's Astronomer".
He got a rough idea of where we are in the galaxy, and could see other spiral galaxies.
He called them "island universes" like the Milky Way.
Also he began to work out the motions of different stars.
He discovered double stars, and published catalogues of them.p113/120 Herschel's observations brought astronomy into the modern era.
Two great discoveries changed our picture of the Universe.
Both were made by Edwin Hubble in the 1920s.
Before then, it was thought that our galaxy, the Milky Way, was the whole universe.
Hubble first showed that the Andromeda galaxy was a separate galaxy and similar.
Many more galaxies were soon discovered.
Later in the 1920s he showed that all distant galaxies were moving away from each other in a general expansion of the universe.
He did this by discovering the red shift of spectroscopic light from distant galaxies.
That does not apply to galaxies that are clustered together, such as Andromeda which, along with our galaxy, is part of the Local Group in the Virgo Supercluster.
Six Feet Under is an American comedy-drama television show set in California.
It aired from 2001 - 2005.
There are 63 episodes, each one is 60 minutes long.
It was created by screenwriter Alan Ball.
An uppercut in boxing is a punch that usually aims for an opponent's chin.
It is commonly known as a hook to the chin (for example in German: Kinnhaken).
In the technical language, people do not use the expression "hook to the chin", because as a rule one calls a "hook" a punch from the side with the lead hand, and almost always the chin is the target of punches.
It is achieved by lifting your right or left hand and attempting to hit the opponent's chin.
Notable users
Chlorite is an ion.
Its chemical formula is ClO2–. It is an oxidizing agent.
It contains chlorine in its +3 oxidation state.
They can be known as salts of chlorous acid.
Some chlorites are explosives.
It can be made by dissolving chlorine dioxide in a base.
It can also be made by reduction of chlorate with hydrogen peroxide.
Sodium chlorite is the most common chlorite.
Chlorous acid is a chemical compound.
Its chemical formula is HClO2.
It contains chlorite ions.
It easily disproportionates to hypochlorous acid and chloric acid.
Chlorites are made by reacting chlorous acid with a base.
They are more stable.
It can be made by reacting barium chlorite with sulfuric acid.
This makes insoluble barium sulfate and chlorous acid.
Sodium chlorite is a chemical compound.
Its chemical formula is NaClO2.
It contains sodium and chlorite ions.
Sodium chlorite is a colorless solid.
It disproportionates sometimes.
It forms the unstable chlorous acid when reacted with a strong acid.
Sodium chlorite can be used to disinfect water.
Since chlorine dioxide is too reactive to store, sodium chlorite is stored and converted to chlorine dioxide before use.
It can be used in oxidation reactions in organic chemistry.
It is similar to chlorates in toxicity.
Ingestion of about 10 grams would be fatal.
A smaller amount could make someone very sick.
Chloric acid is a chemical compound.
Its chemical formula is HClO3.
It contains chlorate and hydrogen ions.
Chloric acid is a colorless solution.
It cannot be made pure.
It only can be mixed with water.
Chloric acid can decompose when warmed to make perchloric acid, chlorine, chlorine dioxide, and oxygen.
It can make things like sugar burn when it is mixed with them.
Sulfur can make explosive mixtures with potassium chlorate because chloric acid can be made.
It can be made by reacting barium chlorate with sulfuric acid.
The insoluble barium sulfate is filtered out.
It can also be made by heating hypochlorous acid.
Barium chlorate is a chemical compound.
Its chemical formula is Ba(ClO3)2.
It contains barium and chlorate ions.
Barium chlorate is a colorless solid.
It is very toxic because it has barium ions in it.
It also is an oxidizing agent.
It makes oxygen gas when it is heated.
Barium chlorate can be made by reacting sodium chlorate and barium chloride.
It can also be made by electrolytic oxidation of barium chloride, similar to the chloralkali process.
It can also be made by reacting ammonium chlorate, an unstable compound, with barium carbonate.
This mixture is boiled, converting the ammonium carbonate to ammonia and carbon dioxide.
Barium chlorate is used in fireworks to make a green color.
It is also used in matches to make oxygen and make the match burn faster.
Ammonium chlorate is a chemical compound.
Its chemical formula is NH4ClO3.
It contains ammonium and chlorate ions.
The chlorate is an oxidizing agent and the ammonium is a reducing agent, making it a little explosive.
It explodes when in sunlight for a few minutes.
It should never be crystallized as it can explode without any detonation.
It can catch flammable things on fire.
It decomposes completely to nitrogen, chlorine, and oxygen when heated gently.
Ammonium carbonate, also known as baker's ammonia or sal volatile, is a chemical compound.
Its chemical formula is (NH4)2CO3.
It contains ammonium and carbonate ions.
Ammonium carbonate is a white solid.
It reacts with acids to make an ammonium salt and carbon dioxide.
It has a slight smell of ammonia.
It reacts with bases to make ammonia gas.
Ammonium carbonate is made by reacting ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, and calcium carbonate in a furnace.
The ammonium carbonate is exposed to air to decompose any bicarbonate and then is sold.
It can also be made by reacting carbon dioxide with ammonia.
It is used to make bread rise.
It can also be used in cough syrup.
Ammonium nitrate is a chemical compound.
Its chemical formula is NH4NO3.
It contains ammonium and nitrate ions.
The nitrogen is in the -3 and +5 oxidation states.
Ammonium nitrate is a colorless solid.
It makes water cold when it dissolves.
When it is heated gently, it turns into water and nitrous oxide.
It can detonate when heated strongly.
There were several disasters where ammonium nitrate exploded.
Ammonium nitrate fertilizers were banned in some places because they were used to make explosives.
Ammonium nitrate is made by reacting ammonia with nitric acid.
This reaction is very violent.
It can be made by reacting sodium nitrate with ammonium sulfate.
This makes a solution of ammonium nitrate and sodium sulfate.
When the mixture is cooled, the sodium sulfate is crystallized and can be filtered.
Ammonium nitrate is used as a fertilizer.
It contains more nitrogen than most fertilizers.
It is also used in explosives.
It can be used as an oxidizer in rockets.
Chlorine dioxide is a chemical compound (a thing made when two or more chemical elements attach to each other).
Its chemical formula is ClO2.
The Cl means 1 chlorine ion and the O2 means two oxide ions.
The chlorine is in its +4 oxidation state.
That means that when the chemical compound was made, four electrons were taken from the chlorine and given to the oxygens.
It is a yellowish gas.
It can explode easily.
It reacts (has chemical reactions with) many other chemicals.
It explodes when it is more than 15% concentration in air.
When light is shined on it, it can explode.
It dissolves easily in cold water.
It can also be made by reduction (giving electrons to) of sodium chlorate in an acidic solution.
There are some reducing agents (chemicals that reduce another chemical) that can be used.
Methanol (an alcohol), sulfur dioxide (a gas made by burning sulfur), hydrochloric acid (a common acid), or hydrogen peroxide can be used.
There are even more ways to make chlorine dioxide.
Sodium chlorite can react with a mixture of sodium hypochlorite and hydrochloric acid to make chlorine dioxide.
Chlorine dioxide can explode easily.
That is why it is normally made when it is needed, and immediately dissolved in water to make it safer.
It is not normally packaged and sent to people that need it.
Chlorine dioxide is used to bleach wood pulp to make paper.
It can also be used to disinfect water.
There are some ways it is better than chlorine.
It is less corrosive (breaking down other things) than chlorine and does not make as many bad things in water.
Potassium perchlorate is a chemical compound.
Its chemical formula is KClO4.
It contains potassium and perchlorate ions.
Potassium perchlorate is a colorless crystalline solid.
It dissolves in water only a little.
It can react with glucose to make carbon dioxide, potassium chloride, and water.
It can be mixed with sulfur, while potassium chlorate cannot safely be mixed.
It is made by reacting potassium chloride with sodium perchlorate.
This makes the potassium perchlorate crystals.
It is used as a rocket propellant.
It can also be used in fireworks and other explosives.
Ammonium perchlorate is used more, though.
A fashion accessory is  a decorative item that supplements one's outfit.
Items such as such as jewellery, gloves, handbags, hats, belts, scarves, watches, sunglasses, pins, stockings, bow ties, leggings, ties, suspenders, and tights.
Accessories add color, style and class to an outfit, and create a certain look, but they may also have practical functions.
Handbags are for carrying small necessary items, hats protect the face from weather, Laptops and mobile phones communicate, and gloves keep the hands warm.
Accessories may be used to show religious or cultural affiliation: Crucifixes, Star of David, Islamic headscarves, skullcaps and turbans are common examples.
Designer labels on accessories are perceived as an indicator of social status.
The Corrymeela Community is a Christian community whose objective is the promotion of reconciliation and peace-building in Northern Ireland.
They want to do this through the healing of social, religious and political divisions in Northern Ireland.
Trip-hop is a genre of downtempo music.
It began as a mix of rock, jazz, dub, soul, and some other elements including psychedelic rock, ambient, progressive rock, acid jazz and alternative hip hop.
It came from Bristol, England in the early 1990s; the group that started what has become to be called the Bristol sound was Massive Attack.
Big beat is a genre of dance music, which includes various genres of music, including drum and bass, alternative rock, trip-hop, acid house, beat music, punk rock and psychedelic rock.
The pact had two parts.
The first was the formal text, which said that both countries would continue helping each other.
The second had both countries agree to have the same military and economy policies and was called the "Secret Supplementary Protocol".
A firing squad is a group of people with guns who shoot and kill a criminal who has been sentenced to death penalty.
The person being shot is often blindfolded.
This method of execution has often been used in the military for crimes such as desertion and cowardice.
Few countries use firing squads anymore.
Many countries have either stopped using the death penalty or switched to using lethal injection.
For example, in the United States, the state of Utah formerly used firing squads, but it now uses lethal injection.
However, some countries, such as Indonesia and the United Arab Emirates, still use firing squads.
As of 2014, 73 countries still use execution by firing squad, and is the sole method of execution in 45 different countries.
Client state is a word used to describe a state that has to follow a more powerful state in international politics.
The word is not specific compared with the other words which have similar meanings: satellite state, associated state, puppet state, neo-colony, protectorate, vassal state and tributary state.
The greater state may be said to exercise hegemony over the lesser one.
Panties are a kind of underwear.
Women's panties are also called knickers.
Other names are underpants ("undies"), briefs and smalls.
There are many different shapes and sizes of panties.
A common type are bikini panties, which are usually small like a bikini bottom.
Bloomers are panties which are loose-fitting and bigger.
Panties with a high waistline are usually thought to be worn by older or more conservative women.
Panties may be made of silk, cotton, satin or man-made fabrics, and decorated with lace.
Most full cut panties are made of cotton or other comfortable materials.
fr:Culotte (vêtement)#Costume féminin
Alan Eugene Jackson (born October 17, 1958 in Newnan, Georgia) is an American country music singer.
Jackson is a member of the Grand Ole Opry.
He received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in April 2010.
Jackson was also inducted into the Georgia Music Hall of Fame in 2001.
"Blue Blooded Woman" (1989)
"Livin' on Love" (1994)
"Where I Come From" (2001)
"Hard Hat and a Hammer" (2010)
Christmas singles
"Honky Tonk Christmas" (1993)
Music charts
Scott Andrew Speed (born January 24, 1983) is an American race car driver.
He was a driver for the Toro Rosso Formula One team.
He made his first F1 race start at the 2006 Bahrain Grand Prix.
He was the first American to race in F1 since Michael Andretti in 1993.
In 2008, Speed started racing in NASCAR.
For 2009 and 2001, he drove the Red Bull Toyota Camry full time in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series.
Speed attempted to qualify for the 2011 Indianapolis 500, but did not make the race.
Speed started kart racing at the age of 10.
He moved up to Formula series in 2001.
He was a champion in US Formula Russell.
He drove in both the US Barber Formula Dodge and US Star Mazda Series.
Speed won the 'Red Bull Driver Search' program.
In 2003 he drove for the ADR team in British Formula Three.
During that year he fell ill with ulcerative colitis, a form of inflammatory bowel disease.
He returned to the United States for treatment.
2004 saw two championship titles for Speed.
He won the Formula Renault 2000 Eurocup and later German Formula Renault.
This was despite his worsening colitis.
This performance earned him a drive in the first season of GP2 Series for 2005.
He ended the season third place in the driver championship standings behind Nico Rosberg and Heikki Kovalainen.
At the end of 2005, Speed drove the first three races of the new A1 Grand Prix series for A1 Team USA.
In 2005 at the Canadian Grand Prix, Speed took part as a test driver for Red Bull Racing; becoming the first American driver to participate in a Formula One event since Michael Andretti's 1993 stint.
He was also the test driver for the United States Grand Prix.
After the purchase of Minardi, Red Bull Racing announced the team would become Scuderia Toro Rosso.
Speed and Vitantonio Liuzzi would be the drivers for the 2006 season.
In , Speed's first race was  the Bahrain Grand Prix.
His best finish of the season was a ninth place at the Australian Grand Prix.
He would have finished Australia in the points, but had 25 seconds added to his race time for overtaking under yellow flags.
At the United States Grand Prix he qualified a career best 13th.
He was taken out of the race in a first-lap collision.
Scott Speed's  season was disappointing.
He had equipment breakdowns and several crashes.
He spun off the circuit in wet conditions at the European Grand Prix.
That turned out to be his last race for the team.
After the race, it was reported that he was involved in a physical altercation with team principal Franz Tost.
Tost has since denied this.
Speed also said that they wanted to get rid of both him and Liuzzi.
Before the next race at Hungary, the team announced that he had been replaced by Sebastian Vettel.
ARCA/REMAX Series
To get ready for racing in NASCAR, Speed raced in the Automobile Racing Club of America (ARCA) series.
he enter several races in 2007, and a full season in 2008.
He drove the Red Bull-sponsored Toyota for Eddie Sharp Racing.
Speed finished 5th in the points in 2008.
During the finale of the 2008 ARCA season, Ricky Stenhouse Jr. hit Speed and sent him into the wall.
This ended Speed chance at a good finish, and possibly a Championship.
After repairs, Speed intentially ran his car into Stenhouse, sending both cars into the wall.
ARCA officials parked Speed for the day.
Speed made his Craftsman Truck Series debut at Atlanta Motor Speedway on March 7, 2008.
He drove the Morgan-Dollar Motorsports #46 Cheverolet truck with Red Bull sponsorship.
In his second race, he recorded his first Top 10 finish at Martinsville Speedway.
He won his first career race on May 30 at Dover with Bill Davis Racing in a Toyota.
On Sunday October 19, 2008, Scott Speed started his first Sprint Cup Series event at Martinsville Speedway.
He finished in 30th place.
He finished the Cup season in the #84 Red Bull Toyota Camry for the Red Bull Racing Team.
For the 2009 Sprint Cup season, Speed's car number was changed to #82.
He won his first Rookie of the Race honor at the Daytona 500.
Speed won the pole for the Sam’s Town 300 in his Nationwide Series debut on February 28, 2009.
He also broke the track record with a speed of 182.45 mph and a lap time of 29.42 seconds.
For the 2010 Sprint Cup season, Speed was still in the #82 car.
He had a disappointing season, with only two top ten finishes.
At the end of the year, Red Bull Racing release Speed from his contract.
This move was to make room for the return of Brian Vickers and the addition of Kasey Kahne.
Vickers was returning after heart surgery.
Kahne was signed for a one-year deal.
Red Bull Racing Lawsuit
Within two weeks of leaving Red Bull Racing (RBR), Speed filed a lawsuit against the team for breach of contract.
Breach of contract means that one person or group in the contract (RBR in this case) did not do the things they should have done.
Speed is asking for $6.5 million US$ in the lawsuit.
Speed alleges (says) that Red Bull significantly reduced its financial commitment to Speed's race team and was unable and/or unwilling to provide [Speed] with 'supporting equipment' satisfactory for a driver of [his] skill to [be] effective [to] compete in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series Speed is claiming that Red Bull did not give his race team enough money or himself good enough race cars.
Without the best race cars, it is hard to race at the same level as the top teams.
On July 28, 2011, Speed place a lien on RBR's property in Mooresville, North Carolina.
The lien is for the race shop and the land it sits on.
A lien is a legal tool to keep RBR from selling the property.
The property can be used to ensure a debt is paid.
RBR purchased the property for about $3.3 million US$.
Speed attempted to qualify for the 2011 Indianapolis 500.
He drove a car entered by Dragon Racing.
He was having trouble finding enough speed in the car to qualify.
Dragon Racing put Patrick Carpentier in the car to test it.
Carpentier spun and crashed the car.
Dragon did not have another car for Speed to use.
Speed was unable to qualify for the race.
↔ Competed in less that 75% of the races.
Not eligible to score championship points.
† Team results.
Complete GP2 series results
Official Scott Speed site
Profile and 2006 statistics
CeBIT is the name of an annual computer fair in Hanover, Germany.
It is the worlds largest exhibition of this kind.
CeBIT stand for "", German for "Centre of Office Automation and Information Technology and Telecommunication".
It takes place every year in spring on the "Messegelände", the large exhibition grounds of Hanover.
From the 1950s until 1985, CeBit was a part of the Hanover fair ("Hanover-Messe"), a big industrial fair taking place every year in spring.
Since 1986 it has been an independent fair.
Sir Robert Geoffrey Edwards (27 September 1925 – 10 April 2013) was a British scientist who won the 2010 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work in developing in vitro fertilisation (IVF).
This method is sometimes called making "test tube babies".
He began work on his ideas in the 1950s, and the first test tube baby, Louise Brown, was born on 25 July 1978.
His research partner from 1968 was Patrick Steptoe (1913–1988).
By 2010, more than 4 million babies had been born using the IVF method.
Edwards served in the military in World War II.
In 1948, after the war, Edwards went to study at the University of Wales, then to the University of Edinburgh in 1951, where he completed his PhD. His studies had been on how embyros developed in mice.
He had a research position at the California Institute of Technology in 1957.
In 1958 he returned to England and began work for the National Institute of Medical Research.
While at the Institute he began to study human fertilisation.
In 1962, he took a up a new job at the University of Glasgow, but in 1963 went to Cambridge University.
In 1965 he went back to the US where he was a visiting scientist at Johns Hopkins University and later at the University of North Carolina.
he returned to Cambridge and taught physiology from 1969.
While scientists had some success in fertilising rabbit eggs in a laboratory, Edwards soon discovered that the process for humans was quite different and much more complex.
He spent many years studying the human egg, and how it could best be fertilised by sperm outside the body.
He succeeded in fertilising an egg in 1969, but they did not develop.
Patrick Steptoe was a British gynecologist who had done a lot of work using a laparoscope to investigate the ovaries.
Using the laparoscope he was able to take eggs directly from the ovaries.
Edwards was able to use these eggs and successfully fertilize them in a test tube, actually a cell culture dish.
This discovery caused a lot of debate and discussions about whether this sort of study should be allowed to continue.
His wife was Ruth Fowler Edwards, the granddaughter of physicist Ernest Rutherford and daughter of physicist Ralph Fowler.
He has 5 daughters and 12 grandchildren.
He used a special writing style called rhythmic prose.
Prose writing tells a story, but rhythmic writing is often poetry.
His prose text would fit into a standard poetry rhythm, or meter.
This made subtle shift in mood.
Usually the reader would not notice how the timing of the words changed their feeling.
His most famous novel is More Than Human (1953).
Sturgeon was born Edward Hamilton Waldo in Staten Island, New York City in 1918.
His name was legally changed at age eleven after his mother's divorce and remarriage to William Dicky ("Argylle") Sturgeon. "
Theodore Sturgeon" is occasionally misidentified as a pseudonym; it was in fact his legal name.
He sold his first story in 1938 to the McClure Syndicate, which bought much of his early (non-fantastic) work; his first genre appearance was "Ether Breather" in Astounding Science Fiction a year later.
At first he wrote mainly short stories, primarily for genre magazines such as Astounding and Unknown, but also for general-interest publications such as Argosy Magazine.
He used the pen name "E. Waldo Hunter" when two of his stories ran in the same issue of Astounding.
A few of his early stories were signed "Theodore H. Sturgeon."
Sturgeon ghost-wrote an Ellery Queen mystery novel, The Player on the Other Side (Random House, 1963).
This novel gained critical praise from critic H.R.F. Keating, who "had almost finished writing Crime and Mystery: the 100 Best Books, in which I had included The Player on the Other Side ... placing the book squarely in the Queen canon" when he learned that it had been written by Sturgeon.
Similarly, "William DeAndrea, author and ... winner of Mystery Writers of America awards, selecting his ten favorite mystery novels for the magazine Armchair Detective, picked The Player on the Other Side as one of them.
He said: 'This book changed my life ... and made a raving mystery fan (and therefore ultimately a mystery writer) out of me. ...
The book must be 'one of the most skilful pastiches in the history of literature.
An amazing piece of work, whomever did it'."
Sturgeon wrote the screenplays for the Star Trek episodes "Shore Leave" (1966) and "Amok Time" (1967, later published as a "Fotonovel" in 1978).
The latter is known for his invention of the pon farr, the Vulcan mating ritual, the first use of the sentence "Live long and prosper" and the first use of the Vulcan hand symbol.
Sturgeon also wrote several episodes of Star Trek that were never produced.
One of these was notable for having first introduced the Prime Directive.
He also wrote an episode of the Saturday morning show Land of the Lost, "The Pylon Express", in 1975.
Two of Sturgeon's stories were adapted for The New Twilight Zone.
One, "A Saucer of Loneliness", was broadcast in 1986 and was dedicated to his memory.
Another short story, "Yesterday was Monday", was the inspiration for The New Twilight Zone episode A Matter of Minutes.
His 1944 novella "Killdozer!"
was the inspiration for the 1970s made-for-TV movie, Marvel comic book, and alternative rock band of the same name.
Although Sturgeon is well-known among readers of classic science-fiction anthologies (at the height of his popularity in the 1950s he was the most anthologized author alive) and much respected by critics (John Clute writes in The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction: "His influence upon writers like Harlan Ellison and Samuel R. Delany was seminal, and in his life and work he was a powerful and generally liberating influence in post-WWII US sf"), he is not much known among the general public and won comparatively few awards (though it must be noted that his best work was published before the establishment and consolidation of the leading genre awards, while his later production was scarcer and weaker).
He was listed as a primary influence of the much more famous Ray Bradbury.
Kurt Vonnegut based his character Kilgore Trout on Theodore Sturgeon.
Sturgeon died on May 8, 1985, of lung fibrosis, in Eugene, Oregon.
Sturgeon lived for several years in the neighboring city of Springfield.
In 1951, Sturgeon said something that is now known as Sturgeon's Law.
He said, "Ninety percent of SF [science fiction] is crud, but then, ninety percent of everything is crud."
At first, this was called Sturgeon's Revelation.
Sturgeon has said that "Sturgeon's Law" was originally "Nothing is always absolutely so."
However, the former statement is now widely referred to as Sturgeon's Law.
He is also known for his strong support of critical thinking and challenging all normative assumptions: "Ask the next question."
He represented this credo by the symbol of a Q with an arrow through it, an example of which he wore around his neck and used as part of his signature in the last 15 years of his life.
The Dreaming Jewels (1950)  Also published as The Synthetic Man
More Than Human (1953)  Fix-up of three linked novellas, the first and third written around the previously published "Baby Is Three"
The Cosmic Rape (1958) Abridged version published as To Marry Medusa
Venus Plus X (1960)
Some of Your Blood (1961)
Godbody (1986) (published posthumously)
Novelizations
The King and Four Queens (1956)
Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea (1961)
Pseudonymous novels
I, Libertine (1956): Historical novel created as a for-hire hoax.
Credited to "Frederick R. Ewing," written from a premise by Jean Shepherd.
The Player on The Other Side (1963): Mystery novel credited to Ellery Queen and ghost-written with Queen's assistance and supervision.
Note that some reprints of these titles (especially paperback editions) may cut one or two stories from the line-up.
Collections published during Sturgeon's lifetime
Complete short stories
North Atlantic Books has been releasing the chronologically assembled The Complete Short Stories of Theodore Sturgeon, edited by Paul Williams, since 1994.
The series will run to 13 volumes, with the last appearing in 2010.
The Ultimate Egoist (1937 to 1940)
Microcosmic God (1940 to 1941)
Killdozer (1941 to 1946)
Thunder and Roses (1946 to 1948)
The Perfect Host (1948 to 1950)
Baby is Three (1950 to 1952)
A Saucer of Loneliness (1953)
Bright Segment (1953 to 1955, as well as two "lost" stories from 1946)
And Now the News... (1955 to 1957)
The Man Who Lost the Sea (1957 to 1960)
The Nail and the Oracle (1961 to 1969)
Slow Sculpture (1970 to 1972, plus one 1954 novella and one unpublished story)
Case and The Dreamer (1972 to 1983, plus one 1960 story and three unpublished stories) forthcoming September 2010
Representative short stories
Sturgeon was best known for his short stories and novellas.
The best known include:
"Ether Breather" (September 1939, his first published science-fiction story)