the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
Recently, Care Bear toys have been brought back in a new edition for the twenty-first century.
As part of this comeback, the Bears have appeared in their first two DVD movies (both computer-animated), as well as a few video games.
The later additions
New Bears (2004)
The movies
The Care Bears Movie (1985)
Care Bears Movie II: A New Generation (1986)
The Care Bears Adventure in Wonderland (1987)
Care Bears: Journey to Joke-a-lot (2004) (direct to video)
The Care Bears' Big Wish Movie (2005) (direct to video)
Care Bears: Oopsy Does It! (
2007) (direct to video)
Care Bears: Share Bear Shines (2009) (direct to video)
Care Bears in other languages
(France) / Les Calinours ( Canadian French )
(Doobonei eechpattli)
(Kea Bea)
(Keo Beoseu)
Norwegian: Care Bears
Serbo-Croatian: Mede medenjaci
(Latin America) / Osos Amorosos ( European Spanish )
Care Bears Forever
Take Care Bear's Place
The Memories Board
The Care Bear Zone
Bolzano (; ; , Southern Bavarian: Bozn) is the capital city of the province of Province of Bolzano-Bozen in northern Italy's Alto Adige.
Its population is 98.057 (March 2005) and the area of the municipality is 52.34 km2.
Bolzano has a history of Italian-speaking inhabitants since the Middle Ages.
The region of Alto Adige/Südtirol is mainly German speaking, but in the city the Italian speaking population was the majority (75%) in 2001.
The German speaking population of the city was 24% and the Ladin speaking less than 1%.
Actually the foreign-born are around 7% (mostly are from eastern Europe).
Historically between the Renaissance and the 19th century, the whole area, originally populated by neolatins from the time of the Roman Empire, experienced a lot of Germanisation.
In the centuries before Napoleon, only the Dolomite's area of the western part of the present area of South Tyrol (especially the Val Venosta near Merano) remained neolatin.
After the Italian victory in WWI the Italian government promoted a huge immigration of Italians in the city, that was fully modernized with new areas and with the creation of an industrial section: since then the Italians are the majority and in the 2011 census they were nearly 77% of the total population.
Bolzano actually is an international city with a trilingual English-German-Italian university (Free University of Bolzano), the European Academy (EURAC), a Business Innovation Centre (BIC), an international airport (ABD, daily flights to Rome and Munich), the "Bolzano Fair Area", the Archaeology Museum with the Frozen Fritz (the Iceman called here Ötzi), other important museums, the famous "Monumento alla Vittoria" and an old  Tyrolean medieval centre with the typical alpine arcades ("Portici"-Lauben).
City districts and neighboring communities
Centro-Piani-Rencio (German: Zentrum-Bozner Boden-Rentsch)
Europa-Novacella (German: Europa-Neustift)
Gries-San Quirino (German: Gries-Quirein)
Oltrisarco-Aslago (German: Oberau-Haslach)
Sopron, Hungary
City of Bolzano-Bozen (only in Italian and German)
Tourism Board
Eurac
Archaeology Museum
Capital cities in Italy
Cities in Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol
Flubber is a 1997 American science-fiction comedy film directed by Les Mayfield (who had previously directed another John Hughes scripted remake, Miracle on 34th Street) and written by Hughes, based on an earlier screenplay by Bill Walsh.
A remake of The Absent-Minded Professor (1961), the film was produced by Walt Disney Pictures and stars Robin Williams, Marcia Gay Harden, Christopher McDonald, Ted Levine, Raymond J. Barry, Wil Wheaton, and Clancy Brown with Jodi Benson providing a voice.
The film grossed $178 million worldwide despite negative reviews.
In selected theaters, the Pepper Ann episode "Old Best Friend" was featured before the film.
1997 movies
Mary Wollstonecraft (27 April 1759 – 10 September 1797) was a British writer.
She was born in Spitalfields, a daughter of a rich farmer who inherited his fortune.
Her father was known because he was sometimes violent towards her, her four siblings, and their mother when his farms failed.
Mary Wollstonecraft was the second oldest child in her family.
She was the oldest female child.
She left home at the age of nineteen to work and become independent.
Working in the English city of Bath, Somerset, she developed a disliking for the upper class and their social lives.
In 1784 she experienced the near death of her sister Eliza who was also the victim of abuse at the hands of her husband.
She escaped with her sister to London to preserve her life.
Soon after, her good friend Fanny Blood, died of complications in childbirth.
Wollstonecraft suffered depression following this and being in financial straits, she began to write her first book Thoughts on the Education of Daughters.
Then she wrote Mary: A Fiction.
Wollstonecraft was not only a writer, she was an early feminist and social campaigner.
She wrote a children's book as well as her two most famous books A Vindication of the Rights of Man (1790),  a response to the French Revolution, and A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792) which argued that women should have the same rights and education as men.
She called for equal education for boys and girls, believing that education gives the tools necessary to compete with men in public and economic life.
She followed writers such as Catherine Macaulay who wrote Letters on Education in 1790, Thomas Paine, and John Locke.
One of her most well-known books was "An Historical and Moral View of the Origin and Progress of the French Revolution (1794).
She also wrote The Wrongs of Women, a novel telling of the confines and illusion of marriage and child rearing as the only happiness for women.
She was revolutionary in arguing for education and the need for autonomy for women.
Wollstonecraft travelled to Paris in 1792 to take notes on the Revolution.
While in Paris, she fell in love with Gilbert Imlay, an American who she later followed to London.
She tried to commit suicide when their relationship ended but was rescued from the Thames.
She wrote a book titled Letters Written During a Short Residence in Sweden, Norway, and Denmark (1796) from a series of letters written to Imlay, to support their daughter Fanny Imlay, born in 1794.
In the same year, Wollstonecraft met an old acquaintance and philosopher, William Godwin.
Wollstonecraft gave birth to their daughter on 30 August 1797.
They named her Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin.
The child later became wife of Percy Shelley.
Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin became Mary Shelley, the author of Frankenstein.
Wollstonecraft died of complications after labour due to a blood clot.
Mary Wollstonecraft died of sepsis in London after her birth and suffered a similar fate as her best friend Fanny Blood whose death inspired her fight for women's rights and her first book.
Her husband William Godwin published Memoirs of the Author of "A vindication of the Rights of Women" in memory of her in 1798.
1759 births
1797 deaths
Deaths from blood clot
The Isle of Wight is an island county that is just off the south coast of England.
It is about 40 kilometres (25 miles) by 20 kilometres (13 miles) in size.
About one hundred and twenty thousand people live on the island.
The Isle of Wight is known as a county.
This means that it has a council of people who make decisions about some things that affect the people who live there.
The county town of the island, which is the place where the council work, is called Newport.
Many people like to go on holiday on the island.
There are many hotels and tourist attractions.
Queen Victoria used to like to visit the Isle of Wight where she had a house called Osborne House.
Tourism is the most important industry on the island.
Over half of the island is officially designated as an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.
It is also widely recognised as the most important site in Europe for finding dinosaur remains.
Sock - the item of clothing
SOCKS - an internet protocol
Socks (cat), the household pet of Bill Clinton, during his presidential terms in the White House
Socks (Blue Peter cat), a Blue Peter cat
Socks (Beverly Cleary) a children's novel by Beverly Cleary
Alzheimer's Disease (AD)  is a brain disease that slowly destroys brain cells.
As of now, there is no cure for Alzheimer's disease.
With time, the different symptoms of  the disease become more marked.
Many people die because of Alzheimer's disease.
The disease affects different parts of the brain but has its worst effects on the areas of the brain that control memory, language, and thinking skills.
Alzheimer's Disease is the most common form of senile dementia accounting for up to 70% of cases.
The clinical symptoms of AD usually occurs after age 65, but changes in the brain which do not cause symptoms and are caused by Alzheimer's, may begin years or in some cases decades before.
Although the symptoms of AD begin in older people it is not a normal part of aging.
At this time there is no cure for Alzheimer's, but there are treatments that can help some patients with the signs and symptoms so they do not affect them as badly.
There are also treatments which slow down the disease so the damage to the brain does not happen as quickly.
There are also certain personal habits that people can learn which may help to delay the onset of the disease.
While it is not yet known exactly what causes Alzheimer's disease, there are a number of risk factors which may make a person more likely to get it.
Some of these risk factors are genetic; changes to four different genes have been found which increase the risk.
The current lifetime risk for a 65-year-old person to get Alzheimer's disease is estimated to be at 10.5%.
It is the sixth leading cause of death in the United States causing about 83,500 deaths a year.
In 2007, there were more than 26.6 million people throughout the world who were affected by AD.
Alzheimer's disease was named after Alois Alzheimer, a German psychiatrist and neuropathologist who first described the disease after studying the case of a middle-aged woman, Auguste Deter, who was a patient at a hospital in Frankfurt, Germany in 1906.
The disease was named Alzheimer's disease in 1910 by Dr. Emil Kraepilin a co-worker of Alzheimer.
Tangles and plaque
Two of the main features found in the brains of people with of Alzheimer's disease, are neurobrillary tangles ('tangles' for short), which are made up of a protein called tau, and senile plaques (which are made mostly from another protein called beta-amyloid, they are also sometimes called beta-amyloid bundles or 'bundles' for short).
The tau proteins that form the tangles previously held together a structure inside the neurons called a microtubule which is an important part of the neuron; it forms part of the cytoskeleton (cell skeleton) which is what maintains a cell's shape, and microtubules plays a part in cell communication.
Both tangles and plaques may be caused by other diseases, such as Herpes simplex virus Type 1 which is being investigated as a possible cause or contributor in developing Alzheimer's.
It is not known for sure if tangles and plaques are part of what causes Alzheimer's, or if they are the results.
Microtubules are made of a protein called tubulin.
The tubulin is polymerized, which is when molecules form the same shapes over and over again that are linked together in groups, and these groups are linked together.
They can form long chains or other shapes; in this case the polymerized tubulin forms microtubules.
The microtubules are rigid tubes like microscopic straws which are hollow inside.
Microtubules help keep the shape of the neuron, and are inolved in passing signals through the neuron.
Tau is a protein that is found mostly in the neurons of the central nervous system.
They help hold together the microtubules within the neurons.
and when changes happen in the way the tau proteins are supposed to work the microtubules break apart.
The tau proteins which are no longer holding the microtubules together form strands called fibrils, which then clump together inside the neuron to make what are called neurofibrillary tangles .
These clumps, also known as 'tau tangles', are all that remain after a neuron has died.
Beta-amyloid(Aβ) (also called 'amyloid beta') plaques start with a protein called amyloid precursor protein (APP).
APP is one of the proteins that make up a cell's membrane or outer covering, that protects the cell.
In this case a neuron.. As it is made inside the cell, APP sticks out through the membrane of the cell.
In different parts of the of cell including the outermost part of the cell membrane, chemicals called enzymes snip the APP into small pieces.
These enzymes that do the snipping are alpha-secretase, beta-secretase, and gamma-secretase.
Depending on which enzyme is doing the snipping and what parts of the APP are snipped, two different things can happen.
One that is helpful and one that causes the formation of beta-amyloid plaques.
The plaques are formed when beta-secretase snips the APP molecule at one end of the beta-amyloid peptide, releasing sAPPβ from the cell.
Gamma-secretase then cuts the pieces of APP that is left and, still sticking out of the neuron’s membrane, at the other end of the beta-amyloid peptide.
After this snipping the beta-amyloid peptide is released into the space outside the neuron and begins to stick to other beta-amyloid peptides.
These pieces stick together to form oligomers.
Different oligomers of various sizes are now floating around in the spaces between the neurons, which may be responsible for reacting with receptors on neighboring cells and synapses, affecting their ability to function.
Some of these oligomers are cleared from the brain.
Those that are not cleared out clump together with more pieces of beta-amyloid.
As more pieces clump togther the oligomers get bigger larger, and the next size up are called protofibrils and the next size after that are called fibrils.
After a while, these fibrils clump together with other protein molecules, neurons and non-nerve cells floating around in the space between the cells and form what are called plaques.
Deposits of beta-amyloid also form in the walls (in the tunica media, the middle layer, and  tunica adventitia or tunica externa, the outer layer) of small and mid-sized arteries (and sometimes veins) in the cerebral cortex and the leptomeninges (the leptomeninges are the two inner layers - pia mater and arachnoid - of the meninges, a protective 3-layer membrane covering the brain.)
The first area of the brain to be affected by Alzheimer's is the "transentorhinal region" which is part of the medial temporal lobe located deep within the brain.
Neurons start dying in this area first.
It then spreads into the adjacent entorhinal cortex (EC) which acts as a central hub, for a widespread network that handles signals for memory and movement(like a main train station with train tracks going to different areas).
The EC is the main area for communication between the hippocampus, and the neocortex - which is the outer portion of the brain responsible for higher functioning such as how the brain perceives information from the five senses; (smell, sight, taste, touch and hearing; Ex.
seeing a person's face and recognizing them,) generating motor commands (Ex, moving and arm or leg, walking, running) spatial reasoning, conscious thought and language.
The disease then spreads into the hippocampus which is part of the limbic system.
The hippocampus is the part of the brain that is involved in forming new memories, organizing them, and storing them for later recall.
It is also where emotions and senses, such as smell and sound are attached to specific memories.
Example 1.:
A memory might make you happy or sad.
Example 2.:
A smell might bring up a certain memory.
The hippocampus then sends memories to the different parts of the cerebral hemisphere where they are placed in long-term storage and it helps retrieve them when necessary.
Example: An adult trying to remember the name of a classmate from kindergarten.
Red Blue Green Purple Orange Purple Orange Green Blue Red
Blue Orange Purple Green Red Purple Green Red Blue Orange
The Stroop Color–Word Test
This is a short example of the test.
The test is used to measure different cognitive functions such as selective attention.
Naming the colors of the first set of words is easier and quicker than the second, because in the first set, the colors match the words, in the second set they do not.
So a person has to pay more attention.
People having problems with attention as may happen in early-stage Alzheimer's tend to do poorly on this test.
Cognitive Neuropsychology Of Alzheimer's Disease.
Robin G. Morris, James T. Becker.
Oxford University Press, USA; 2 edition (2005) pp-109-110
With current research using advances in neuroimaging such as FDG-PET and PIB-PET scans, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) assays, it is now possible to detect the beginning processes of Alzheimer's disease that occur before symptoms begin.
The research suggests that clinically normal older people (no symptoms at all) have biomarker evidence of amyloid beta (Aβ) build-up in the brain.
This amyloid beta (Aβ) is linked to changes in the structure of the brain and how it works that is the similar to what is seen in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) - which may lead to Alzheimer's - and people with Alzheimer's.
These small preclinical changes (no symptoms) in the brain may occur many years, to even a few decades before a person is diagnosed with Alzheimer's.
With a stage where there is some memory loss, or mild cognitive impairment.
These changes put a person at risk of developing the clinical symptoms of full-blown  Alzheimer's but not everyone who has these changes will get the disease.
Even though there is no cure for Alzheimer's, there are new treatments which are being developed which would work better in the very first stages of the disease.
At this time exactly what makes up the preclinical phase of Alzheimer's is still being researched, such as why some people with go on to develop Alzheimer's and others do not.
So the term preclinical phase is being used for research only.
There is a worldwide effort in various countries doing research in this area known as the World Wide Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (WW-ADNI) which is the umbrella organization for neuroimaging studies being carried out through the North American ADNI, European ADNI (E-ADNI), Japan ADNI, Australian ADNI (AIBL), Taiwan ADNI, Korea ADNI, China ADNI and Argentina ADNI.
"Misdiagnosis in very early stages of Alzheimer's is a significant problem, as there are more than 100 conditions that can mimic the disease.
In people with mild memory complaints, our accuracy is barely better than chance," according to study researcher P. Murali Doraiswamy, MBBS, professor of psychiatry and medicine at Duke Medicine, "Given that the definitive gold standard for diagnosing Alzheimer's is autopsy, we need a better way to look into the brain."
In 1901, a 51-year-old woman named Auguste Deter, was committed to the City Asylum for the Insane and Epileptic, (Städtischen Anstalt für Irre und Epileptische) in Frankfurt am Main, Germany which had the nickname  "Irrenschloss" (Castle of the Insane).
She was married and had a normal life until eight months prior to her commitment, when she started having psychological and neurological problems, such as problems with memory and language, paranoia, becoming disorientated and having hallucinations.
She was studied by a doctor on staff named Alois Alzheimer (1864–1915).
Alzheimer became interested in her case because of her age; while the effects of senile dementia were known at the time, they usually did not start until a person was in their early to mid-sixties.
Her case was also notable because of the rapid onset of dementia, only eight months, from the first reported symptoms, until she was committed.
While conducting one of his examinations of Ms. Deter, he asked her to perform a series of simple writing tasks.
Unable to do what was asked such as write her name, she said "I have lost myself, so to speak" ("Ich habe mich sozusagen selbst verloren").
When Ms. Deter died of septicemia on 8 April 1906, Alzheimer was informed and her brain was sent to Munich for him to study.
Studying samples of her brain under a microscope he noticed neurofibriallry tangles and bundles made up of beta-amyloid plaque, which are two of the main features of the disease.
On 3 November 1906, Alzheimer presented the results of his findings in Auguste's case at the Conference of South-West German Psychiatrists in Tübingen, and he published his findings in the case in 1907.
In 1910, Emil Kraepelin named the disease 'Alzheimer's disease'.
Alzheimer's disease usually beigins affecting people between ages 60–65, in Ms. Deter's case - who was 55-years-old when she died - she had a form of what is now known as Early-onset Alzhiemer's disease.
Famous cases
Anyone can get Alzheimer's disease, rich people or poor famous people and unfamous people.
Some of the famous people who have gotten Alzheimer's disease are former United States President Ronald Reagan and Irish writer Iris Murdoch, both of whom were the subjects of scientific articles examining how their cognitive capacities got worse with the disease.
and the 2009 Nobel Prize in Physics recipient Charles K. Kao.
In 2012, Nobel Prize writer Gabriel García Márquez was diagnosed with the disease.
Former Finnish President Mauno Koivisto died of the disease in May 2017.
Country singer Glen Campbell died of the disease in August 2017.
Elaine Paige OBE (born Elaine Jill Bickerstaff, 5 March 1948) is an English actress and singer.
She was born and raised in Barnet, Hertfordshire, in 1948.
She is known for her roles in musical theater.
She worked in the theatre from a young age.
She quickly became famous in the role of Eva Perón in the musical Evita in 1978.
She studied acting at the Aida Foster stage school in London and then played roles in the British tour of the show The Roar of the Greasepaint, the Smell of the Crowd and the first London production of Hair.
She played Sandy in the London production of Grease and appeared as one of Michael Crawford's girlfriends in Billy.
She has since said she was about to leave the world of acting, possibly to become a teacher, but then the role in Evita was offered to her.
After Evita, she did not have any work for a period.
She thought that her musical career had seen its best.
When the actress Judi Dench had an injury during rehearsals for Cats, the producers asked Paige play the role in stead of Dench.
They stated that the role "was not another Evita" and that her role only had one and a half songs.
Fortunately, the song was "Memory", which was a top 10 hit for Paige and has become her signature song.
After Cats, she appeared in Abbacadbra, an ABBA compilation, and Chess, also written by Benny Andersson and Björn Ulvaeus of ABBA but with lyrics by Tim Rice, co-writer of Evita.
Paige then scored a number 1 single, "I Know Him So Well", a song from Chess, as a duet with Barbara Dickson.
In 1989, she co-produced and starred in a production of Cole Porter's Anything Goes in London, which made a star of John Barrowman.
In the early 1990s, her term relationship with the lyricist Tim Rice stopped and Paige tried an image change by recording an album with a California-based producer in the Bette Midler torch singer vein entitled Love Can Do That.
Her solo albums had so far been a variety of songs, including the very successful Stages in 1983, with songs from musical theatre.
In 1993, she returned to the United States to work with Peter Matz on an album called Romance and the Stage featuring songs from earlier days of musical theatre.
The following year, she recorded, Piaf, which had music from the role she was playing in the Pam Gems play, also called Piaf.
Critics were impressed by her acting skills in that play.
However, in 1995 she had a role in another musical, playing Norma Desmond in Andrew Lloyd Webber's Sunset Boulevard.
She had always wanted to perform on Broadway and Sunset Boulevard now made this possible.
For more than a year she played the role.
She later had another role in 2000 with the King and I. She has recently moved more into television and radio work.
Paige was awarded an OBE in 1995.
Now she is hosting a Sunday afternoon BBC Radio 2 show which plays music from the stage and film.
Actors from Hertfordshire
English singers
Musicians from Hertfordshire
She has notably played roles in musical theatre including Evita, Cats, Godspell, The King and I, Annie, Thoroughly Modern Millie, The Goodbye Girl and Song and Dance.
She first came to prominence with the song cycle "Tell Me on a Sunday" which was written for her by Don Black and Andrew Lloyd Webber.
Webb recently returned to the show after it was revamped for Denise Van Outen in the West End before she took it on a UK tour.
Yahtzee is a popular dice game that is well-known all over the world.
The object of the game is to roll five dice (up to three times) to create certain combinations such as:
Three-of-a-kind: Three dice showing the same number
Four-of-a-kind: Four dice showing the same number
Small straight: Four numbers in sequence, such as 2-3-4-5
Large straight Five numbers in sequence, such as 1-2-3-4-5
Full house (three dice showing the same number and the remaining two dice showing a different number but both matching)
Yahtzee: All five dice showing the same number
Dice games
Sir Timothy Miles Bindon "Tim" Rice (born 10 November 1944) is an English songwriter and writer.
He was born in 1944.
Rice is probably best known for his work with Andrew Lloyd Webber on the shows Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat, Jesus Christ Superstar, and Evita.
He also co-wrote the shows Blondel, Chess and the English lyrics for Starmania.
Rice, Tim
Evita is a musical.
The lyrics were written by Tim Rice.
The music was written by Andrew Lloyd Webber.
The musical is based on the life of Eva Perón (1919-1952), the wife of Argentine President Juan Perón, which Che is telling.
Evita opened on the West End in 1978, and on Broadway in 1979.
It won the Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Musical and the Tony Award for Best Musical.
In 1996, a movie version was released starring Madonna.
1970s musicals
Musicals by Andrew Lloyd Webber
Musicals by Tim Rice
Tony Award winning musicals
Laurence Olivier Award winning musicals
West End musicals
Musicals adapted to movies
1010 - Persian poet Ferdowsi completes his epic poem Shahnameh.
1576 – Spanish explorer Diego Garcia de Palacio sights the ruins of the ancient Mayan city of Copan.
1618 – Johannes Kepler discovers the third law of planetary motion (he soon rejects the idea after some initial calculations were made but later on May 15 confirms the discovery).
1655 - John Casor becomes the first legally-recognized slave in North America.
1658 - Sweden reaches its greatest extent after the Peace of Roskilde.
1669 – Mount Etna on Sicily erupts until July 11, destroying several towns.
1702 – Very unexpectedly, Anne Stuart, the sister of the childless Mary II, becomes Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland after the death of William III of Orange from injuries he suffered in a fall from his horse.
1736 – Nader Shah of the Afsharid Dynasty becomes the Shah (ruler) of Persia.
1775 - An anonymous letter, thought by some to have been written by Thomas Paine, calls for the end of slavery in the North American colonies.
1782 – Gnadenhütten massacre: Almost 100 Native Americans in Gnadenhutten, Ohio had their skulls crushed with a mallet by Pennsylvanian militiamen in a mass murder.
1817 – The New York Stock Exchange is founded.
1844 – King Oscar I ascends to the throne of Sweden-Norway
1862 – American Civil War: The iron-clad CSS Virginia (formerly USS Merrimack) is launched at Hampton Roads, Virginia.
1868 - Sakai incident: Japanese samurai kill 11 French sailors in the port of Sakai, near Osaka.
1884 – Susan B. Anthony testified before the Judiciary Committee of the House of Representatives arguing for an amendment to the U.S. Constitution granting women the right to vote.
1906 – Moro Crater Massacre: US troops occupying the Philippines massacre about 600 men, women and children taking refuge in a crater.
1910 - Raymonde de Laroche of France becomes the first woman to be given a pilot's license.
1911 – International Women's Day is celebrated for the first time.
1917 – The February Revolution breaks out in Russia (February 23 O.S.).
1917 – The United States Senate adopts the cloture rule in order to limit filibusters.
1918 – The first case of Spanish flu occurs, the start of a devastating pandemic.
1920 - The Arab Kingdom of Syria is created.
1921 – Spanish Premier Eduardo Dato is assassinated while exiting the parliament building in Madrid.
1924 – The Castle Gate mining disaster in Utah kills 172 coal miners.
1935 - Hachiko, a Japanese Akita dog revered for its loyalty, is found dead in Tokyo.
1936 – The first stock car race is held in Daytona Beach, Florida.
1937 - Spanish Civil War: The Battle of Guadalajara begins.
1942 – World War II: The Dutch surrender to Japanese forces on Java.
1942 – World War II: Japan captures Rangoon, Burma.
1943 – World War II: Japanese troops counter-attack American forces on Hill 700 in Bougainville in a battle that will last five days.
1948 – The United States Supreme Court rules that religious instruction in public schools violated the Constitution.
1950 – The Soviet Union claims to have an atomic bomb.
1952 – Antoine Pinay becomes Prime Minister of France
1957 – Egypt re-opens the Suez Canal.
1957 – Ghana joins the UN.
1958 - South Yemen joins the United Arab Republic.
1959 – Last television appearance of The Marx Brothers, in The Incredible Jewel Robbery
1961 – Max Conrad circumnavigates the earth in eight days, 18 hours and 49 minutes setting a new world record.
1963 - The Ba'ath Party takes power in a coup in Syria.
1965 – Vietnam War: 3,500 United States Marines arrive in South Vietnam, becoming the first American combat troops in Vietnam.
1966 – Vietnam War: Australia announces it is going to substantially increase its number of troops in Vietnam.
1966 – A bomb planted by young Irish protesters destroys Nelson's Pillar in Dublin.
1968 – Soviet U-boat K-129 sinks in the Pacific Ocean, killing 86 people on board.
1971 – Joe Frazier defeats Muhammad Ali in the first of three epic bouts.
Frazier defends the world Heavyweight title in a star-studded Madison Square Garden.
1972 – The Goodyear blimp flies for the first time.
1974 – Charles de Gaulle Airport opens in Paris, France.
1978 – The first ever radio episode of The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, by Douglas Adams is transmitted on BBC Radio 4.
1983 – President Ronald Reagan calls the Soviet Union an evil empire.
1985 – 1985 Beirut Car Bombing is made in front of the mosque killing 45 people and injuring 175.
1988 – Two United States Army helicopters collide in Fort Campbell, Kentucky killing 17 servicemen.
1999 – Oklahoma City bombing: The Supreme Court of the United States upholds the murder convictions of Timothy McVeigh.
2000 – A collision between two Tokyo Metro trains kills 5 people.
2003 - A referendum on EU membership is held in Malta, with a narrow majority supporting the proposal.
2004 – A new constitution is signed by Iraq's Governing Council.
2011 - Observances are held to work the 100th anniversary of International Women's Day.
2014 - Malaysia Airlines Flight 370, travelling from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing, goes missing in the Gulf of Thailand with 239 people on board.
2017 - The famous "Azure Window" feature on the coast of the Maltese island of Gozo collapses into the sea.
2017 - A bomb attack on a military hospital in Kabul, Afghanistan, kills at least 49 people.
2017 - At least 30 people are killed in a bomb attack in Tikrit, Iraq.
2017 - FC Barcelona come back from a 4-0 deficit from the first leg of their UEFA Champions League tie against Paris Saint-Germain F.C. to win 6-1 on the night and 6-5 overall.
2018 - US President Donald Trump agrees to hold talks with North Korean leader Kim Jong-un.
1286 – John III, Duke of Brittany (d. 1341)
1293 – Beatrice of Castile, Queen of Portugal (d. 1359)
1495 – John of God, Portuguese-born friar and saint (d. 1550)
1514 - Amago Haruhisa, Japanese samurai and warlord (d. 1562)
1566 - Carlo Gesualdo, Italian composer (d. 1613)
1617 - Tito Livio Burattini, Italian architect, historian and engineer (d. 1681)
1702 – Anne Bonny, Irish-American pirate (d. 1782)
1712 – John Fothergill, English physician (d. 1780)
1714 – Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach, German composer (d. 1788)
1746 - André Michaux, French botanist (d. 1802)
1748 – William V of Orange, Dutch ruler (d. 1806)
1761 - Jan Potocki, Polish historian, diplomat and explorer (d. 1815)
1783 – Hannah Van Buren, wife of Martin Van Buren (d. 1819)
1799 - Simon Cameron, 26th United States Secretary of War (d. 1889)
1804 - Alvan Clark, American telescope maker and astronomer (d. 1887)
1822 – Ignacy Lukasiewicz, Polish inventor (d. 1882)
1825 - Jules Barbier, French poet, writer and opera librettist (d. 1901)
1827 - Wilhelm Bleek, German linguist (d. 1875)
1830 - Joao de Deus, Portuguese poet (d. 1896)
1839 - Josephine Cochrane, American inventor (d. 1913)
1841 – Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., American jurist (d. 1935)
1847 – John Lister, British politician (d. 1933)
1848 - LaMarcus Adna Thompson, American developer of the roller coaster (d. 1917)
1856 - Bramwell Booth, 2nd General of the Salvation Army (d. 1929)
1859 – Kenneth Grahame, British writer (d. 1932)
1865 - Frederic Goudy, American type designer (d. 1947)
1872 – Anna Held, Polish actress and singer (d. 1918)
1879 – Otto Hahn, German chemist (d. 1968)
1886 – Edward Calvin Kendall, American chemist (d. 1972)
1891 - Sam Jaffe, American actor (d. 1984)
1892 – Mississippi John Hurt, American blues singer and guitarist (d. 1966)
1892 – Juana de Ibarbourou, Uruguayan poet (d. 1979)
1896 - Charlotte Whitton, 46th Mayor of Ottawa (d. 1975)
1899 - Eric Linklater, Scottish writer (d. 1974)
1900 – Howard H. Aitken, American computer pioneer (d. 1973)
1900 - Henry Abel Smith, British Governor of Queensland, Australia (d. 1993)
1902 – Jennings Randolph, American politician (d. 1998)
1907 – Konstantinos Karamanlis, Greek politician (d. 1998)
1911 – Alan Hovhaness, American composer (d. 2000)
1912 – Preston Smith, American politician and 40th Governor of Texas (d. 2003)
1912 - Meldrim Thomson, Jr., American politician and 73rd Governor of New Hampshire (d. 2001)
1914 - Yakov Borisovich Zel'dovich, Russian physicist (d. 1987)
1915 – Tapio Rautavaara, Finnish athlete (d. 1979)
1916 – John W. Seybold, American businessman (d. 2004)
1917 - Leslie Fiedler, American literary critic (d. 2003)
1917 - Ernst von Glasersfeld, German-born American philosopher (d. 2010)
1918 - Jacques Baratier, French director and screenwriter (d. 2009)
1921 – Alan Hale, Jr., American actor (d. 1990)
1921 – Cyd Charisse, American actress and dancer (d. 2008)
1922 - Yevgeny Matveyev, Russian actor and movie director (d. 2003)
1922 – Shigeru Mizuki, Japanese manga artist (d. 2015)
1923 - Ralph H. Baer, German-American video game designer (d. 2014)
1923 - Walter Jens, German writer and philologist (d. 2013)
1924 – Anthony Caro, British abstract sculptor (d. 2013)
1924 – Georges Charpak, Polish-born French physicist (d. 2010)
1925 - Warren Bennis, American scholar and writer (d. 2014)
1926 - Francisco Rabal, Spanish actor (d. 2001)
1927 - Dick Hyman, American jazz pianist
1927 - Irene Tinker, American economist
1929 - Hebe Camargo, Brazilian actress, singer and television presenter (d. 2012)
1930 - Yuri Rytkheu, Russian writer (d. 2008)
1930 - Pyotr Bolotnikov, Russian long-distance runner
1930 - Douglas Hurd, English politician
1931 - Neil Adcock, South African cricketer (d. 2013)
1931 - Heinz Mack, German artist
1931 - John McPhee, American writer and professor
1931 - Gerald Potterton, British-Canadian director, producer and animator
1933 – Luca Ronconi, Italian theatre and opera director (d. 2015)
1933 - Evelyn Ay Sempier, American model (d. 2008)
1935 - Akira Kitaguchi, Japanese footballer
1935 - George Coleman, American jazz musician
1936 - Gabor Szabo, Hungarian jazz guitarist (d. 1982)
1936 - Sue Ane Langdon, American actress and singer
1937 – Juvénal Habyarimana, President of Rwanda (d. 1994)
1938 - Giorgio Puia, Italian footballer
1939 - Peter Nicholls, Australian writer (d. 2018)
1939 - Paride Tumburus, Italian footballer (d. 2015)
1939 – Robert Tear, Welsh operatic tenor (d. 2011)
1939 - Lidiya Skoblikova, Russian speed skater and coach
1940 - Susan Clark, Canadian actress
1941 - Alexei Mishin, Russian figure skater
1941 - Wilfrid Napier, South African cardinal
1941 - Norman Stone, British historian and educator
1942 – Jan Vyčítal, Czech musician
1942 - Ann Packer, British athlete
1943 – Lynn Redgrave, British actress (d. 2010)
1943 - Michael Grade, British television executive
1944 – Sergey Nikitin, Russian composer
1944 - Pepe Romero, Spanish classical guitarist
1945 – Anselm Kiefer, German painter
1945 – Micky Dolenz, American musician (The Monkees)
1946 - José Manuel Lara Bosch, Spanish businessman (d. 2015)
1946 – Randy Meisner, American musician
1947 – Carole Bayer Sager, American composer
1947 - Florentino Pérez, Spanish businessman, President of Real Madrid C.F.
1948 – Peggy March, American singer
1948 - Gyles Brandreth, British broadcaster and former politician
1948 - Mel Galley, British rock musician (d. 2008)
1948 - Jonathan Sacks, former Chief Rabbi of the United Hebrew Congregations of the Commonwealth of Nations
1948 - Sam Lacey, American basketball player (d. 2014)
1949 - Natalia Kruchinskaya, Soviet-Russian gymnast
1949 - Antonello Venditti, Italian singer-songwriter
1949 – Teófilo Cubillas, Peruvian footballer
1949 - Cho Yang-ho, South Korean businessman (d. 2019)
1952 - George Felix Allen, 67th Governor of Virginia
1954 - David Wilkie, Scottish swimmer
1954 – Cheryl Baker, British singer
1955 - Don Ashby, Canadian ice hockey player
1956 - Laurie Cunningham, English footballer (d. 1989)
1957 – Clive Burr, British musician (d. 2013)
1957 - Zé Sérgio, Brazilian footballer
1958 – Gary Numan, British singer and musician
1959 – Aidan Quinn, American actor
1959 - Brian McGee, Scottish musician
1961 - Camryn Manheim, American actress
1961 - Larry Murphy, Canadian ice hockey player
1962 - Mitsunori Yoshida, Japanese footballer
1963 – Mike Lalor, Canadian ice hockey player
1963 - Julio Cesar Silva, Brazilian footballer
1963 - Sasha Waltz, German choreographer, dancer and opera director
1964 - Yasuharu Sorimachi, Japanese footballer
1964 – Peter Gill, British musician
1964 - Kate Betts, American fashion editor
1964 - Thomas Bezucha, American screenwriter and movie director
1964 - Mark Oaten, British politician
1965 - Satoru Akahori, Japanese writer
1966 - Cheryl James, American singer and rapper
1966 - Anne McLaughlin, Scottish politician
1968 – Michael Bartels, German racing driver
1970 - Andrea Parker, American actress
1972 – Fergal O'Brien, Irish snooker player
1973 – Mark Lukasiewicz, American baseball player
1976 – Freddie Prinze, Jr., American actor
1977 – James Van Der Beek, American actor
1977 – Johann Vogel, Swiss footballer
1979 – Tom Chaplin, English singer (Keane)
1979 - Andy Ross, American guitarist
1981 – Michael Beauchamp, Australian footballer
1981 - Timo Boll, German tennis player
1981 - Laura Main, Scottish actress
1982 - Kat Von D, American tattoo artist
1982 - Marjorie Estiano, Brazilian actress and singer
1983 – Andre Santos, Brazilian footballer
1984 – György Garics, Austrian footballer
1984 - Rafik Djebbour, Algerian footballer
1984 - Sasha Vujacic, Slovenian basketball player
1985 - Maria Ohisalo, Finnish politician and researcher
1986 - Lassad Nouioui, French-Tunisian footballer
1986 – Princess Tsuguko of Takamado of Japan
1987 - Devon Graye, American actor
1988 - Laura Unsworth, British field hockey player
1989 - Robbie Hummel, American basketball player
1990 – Petra Kvitova, Czech tennis player
1990 - Kristinia DeBarge, American singer-songwriter, dancer and actress
1991 - Miriam Bryant, Swedish singer-songwriter
1991 - Devon Werkheiser, American actor and singer
1991 - Alan Pulido, Mexican footballer
1992 - Charlie Ray, American actress
1994 - Dylan Tombides, Australian footballer (d. 2014)
1997 - Jurina Matsui, Japanese singer (AKB48)
1126 – Urraca of Leon (b. 1082)
1144 – Pope Celestine II
1550 – John of God, Portuguese-born friar and saint (b. 1495)
1641 - Xu Xiake, Chinese adventurer (b. 1587)
1702 – William III of England (b. 1650)
1757 – Thomas Blackwell, Scottish classical scholar (b. 1701)
1771 - Louis August le Clerc, French-Danish sculptor (b. 1688)
1819 - Benjamin Ruggles Woodbridge, American colonel and politician (b. 1739)
1844 – King Charles XIV John of Sweden (b. 1763)
1869 – Hector Berlioz, French composer (b. 1803)
1874 – Millard Fillmore, 13th President of the United States (b. 1800)
1876 - Louise Colet, French poet (b. 1810)
1887 – Henry Ward Beecher, American clergyman (b. 1813)
1887 - James Buchanan Eads, American engineer (b. 1820)
1889 – John Ericsson, Swedish engineer and inventor (b. 1803)
1906 - Suzanne Manet, French pianist and wife of the painter Edouard Manet (b. 1829)
1907 - Marynos Antypas, Greek lawyer and journalist (b. 1872)
1917 – Ferdinand von Zeppelin, German aircraft manufacturer (b. 1838)
1921 – Eduardo Dato, Spanish Premier
1921 - Andrew Watson, Scottish footballer (b. 1856)
1923 – Krisjanis Barons, Latvian writer (b. 1837)
1923 – Johannes Diderik van der Waals, Dutch physicist (b. 1837)
1925 - Juliette Wytsman, Belgian painter (b. 1866)
1930 – William Howard Taft, 27th President of the United States (b. 1857)
1935 - Ruan Lingyu, Chinese actress (b. 1910)
1935 – Hachiko, Japanese Akita dog known for its loyalty (b. 1923)
1941 – Sherwood Anderson, American writer (b. 1876)
1942 – José Raul Capablanca, Cuban chess player and diplomat (b. 1888)
1961 – Thomas Beecham, English conductor (b. 1879)
1971 - Harold Lloyd, American actor (b. 1893)
1972 - Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski, German SS officer (b. 1899)
1973 - Ron "Pigpen" McKernan, American musician (b. 1945)
1975 - Joseph Bech, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (b. 1887)
1975 - Georg Faehlmann, Estonian sailor (b. 1895)
1975 - George Stevens, American director, screenwriter and producer (b. 1904)
1982 - Rab Butler, British politician (b. 1902)
1983 - Chabuca Granda, Peruvian-American singer-songwriter (b. 1920)
1983 - Alan Lennox-Boyd, 1st Viscount Boyd of Merton, English politician (b. 1904)
1983 - William Walton, English politician (b. 1902)
1985 - Kim Yong-Sik, Korean footballer (b. 1910)
1988 – Werner Hartmann, German physicist (b. 1912)
1993 - Billy Eckstine, American singer (b. 1914)
1999 – Adolfo Bioy Casares, Argentine writer (b. 1914)
1999 – Joe DiMaggio, American baseball player (b. 1914)
1999 - William Wrigley III, American businessman (b. 1933)
2003 – Adam Faith, English singer and actor (b. 1940)
2004 – Abu Abbas, founder of the Palestinian Liberation Organisation (b. 1948)
2005 - Aslan Maskhadov, Chechen politician (b. 1951)
2007 – John Inman, English actor (b. 1935)
2007 - John Vukovich, American baseball player and coach (b. 1947)
2011 – Mike Starr, American musician (b. 1966)
2013 - Ewald-Heinrich von Kleist-Schmenzin, German army officer and publisher (b. 1922)
2014 - Victor Shem-Tov, Bulgarian-Israeli politician (b. 1915)
2014 - William Guarnere, American sergeant (b. 1923)
2014 - Park Eun-ji, South Korean politician (b. 1979)
2014 - Wendy Hughes, Australian actress (b. 1952)
2014 - Leo Bretholz, Austrian-American Holocaust survivor (b. 1921)
2015 - Sam Simon, American producer and writer (b. 1955)
2015 - Gerardo Sofovich, Argentine actor, director and television presenter (b. 1937)
2015 - Lew Soloff, American jazz trumpeter (b. 1944)
2015 - Inezita Barroso, Brazilian folk singer (b. 1925)
2016 - Richard Davalos, American actor (b. 1930)
2016 - Aldo Ferrer, Argentine economist (b. 1927)
2016 - David S. Johnson, American computer scientist (b. 1945)
2016 - George Martin, English musician, composer, sound engineer and producer (b. 1926)
2016 - Alfred E. Senn, American historian and academic (b. 1932)
2017 - Li Yuan-tsu, Vice President of Taiwan (b. 1923)
2017 - George Andrew Olah, Hungarian-American chemist (b. 1927)
2017 - Dave Valentin, American jazz flutist (b. 1952)
2018 - Ron Franklin, American jockey (b. 1959)
2018 - Wilson Harris, Guyanese writer (b. 1921)
2018 - Milko Kelemen, Croatian composer (b. 1924)
2018 - Peter Temple, Australian writer (b. 1946)
2018 - Togo D. West, Jr., American politician (b. 1942)
2018 - Kate Wilhelm, American writer (b. 1928)
2019 - Kelly Catlin, American cyclist (b. 1995)
2019 - Michael Gielen, Austrian conductor (b. 1927)
2019 - Cedrick Hardman, American football player (b. 1948)
2019 - Ian Lawrence, Australian-New Zealand politician, Mayor of Wellington (b. 1937)
March 08
Sunset Boulevard is a 1950 movie about a screenwriter (William Holden) accompanying a silent movie actress (Gloria Swanson).
It was nominated for eleven Academy Awards and won three.
For Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical theater, it starred Patti LuPone, Glenn Close, Betty Buckley and Elaine Paige.
1950 movies
Movies directed by Billy Wilder
1087  William II of England is crowned king in Westminster Abbey.
1345  Friso-Hollandic Wars: Frisians defeat Holland in the Battle of Warns.
1371  Battle of Maritsa in the Serbian-Turkish War.
1580  Francis Drake completes his circumnavigation (voyage around the world).
1687  The Parthenon in Athens is partially destroyed by an explosion caused by the bombing from Venetian forces led by Francesco Morosini who are besieging the Ottoman Turks stationed in Athens.
1687  The city council of Amsterdam votes to support William of Orange's invasion of England, later known as the Glorious Revolution.
1777  British forces occupy Philadelphia, Pennsylvania during the American Revolutionary War.
1786  Protestors shut down the court in Springfield, Massachusetts in a military stand-off that begins the Shays' Rebellion.
1789  Thomas Jefferson is appointed the first United States Secretary of State.
1792  Marc-David Lasource accuses Maximilien Robespierre of wanting a dictatorship in France.
1810  The Riksdag (Swedish parliament) passes the Act of Succession, allowing Jean Baptiste Bernadotte to become heir to the throne of Sweden.
1832  The Göta Canal in central Sweden opens.
1860  The current Flag of Ecuador is introduced.
1872  The first Shriners Temple (called Mecca) is established in New York City.
1907  New Zealand and Newfoundland are given Dominion status.
1908  The Norwegian football club SK Brann is founded.
1914  The US Federal Trade Commission is established.
1917  World War I: The Battle of Polygon Wood begins.
1918  World War I: The Meuse-Argonne Offensive begins.
1923  Gustav Stresemann resumes (restarts) the Weimar Republic's payment of reparation money.
1933  A hurricane in Tampico, Mexico kills 1,000 people.
1934  The steamship RMS Queen Mary is launched.
1941  Off the Azores, British passenger steamer Avoceta is torpedoed by a German U-boat.
It sinks within two minutes, killing 123 people.
1944  World War II: The Allies abandon Operation Market Garden.
1950  Indonesia is admitted to the UN.
1950  Korean War: UN forces re-capture Seoul from North Korean forces.
1954  Japanese railway ferry Toya Maru sinks during a typhoon, killing 1,172 people.
1955  The Flag and Coat of Arms of East Germany are introduced.
1959  Typhoon Vera hits Japan, killing 4,580 people.
1960  The first televised United States Presidential debate takes place, between John F. Kennedy and Richard Nixon.
1960  Fidel Castro announces Cuba's support for the Soviet Union.
1962  The Yemen Arab Republic is proclaimed.
1969  Abbey Road, the last recorded album by The Beatles, is released.
1970  The Laguna Fire starts in San Diego County, California, burning 175,425 acres (709.92 square kilometers) of land.
1973  Concorde makes its first non-stop crossing of the Atlantic Ocean in record-breaking time.
1980  The Oktoberfest terror attack in Munich kills 13 people and injures 211.
1981  The first flight of a Boeing 767 takes place.
1983  Sailing: The Yacht Australia II wins the America's Cup, ending a 132-year US winning streak.
1984  The United Kingdom agrees to the 1997 handover of Hong Kong.
1992  A Nigerian troop transporter plane crashes shortly after take-off in Lagos, killing all 163 soldiers on board.
1997  A plane crash in Medan, Sumatra, Indonesia, kills 234 people.
1997  A major earthquake strikes central Italy.
2000  The ship MS Samina sinks off Paros in the Aegean Sea, killing 80 people.
2001  The Polish Wikipedia is launched.
2002  A Senegalese ferry capsizes near the Gambia, killing more than 1,000 people.