the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
The Eighth Army, responsible for the eastern side of the Allied front, from the central Apennine mountain spine to the Adriatic coast, fought a succession of engagements alternating between opposed crossings of the rivers running across their line of advance and attacks against the cleverly constructed defensive positions the Germans had fashioned on the ridges in between.
The Eighth Army crossed the Sangro river in mid-November and penetrated the German's strongest position at the Gustav Line but as the winter weather deteriorated the advance ground to a halt as transport bogged down and air support operations became impossible.
Montgomery hated the lack of coordination, the dispersion of effort, and the strategic muddle and opportunism he perceived in the Allied effort in Italy and was glad to leave the "dog's breakfast" on 23 December
Montgomery returned to Britain to take command of the 21st Army Group which consisted of all Allied ground forces that would take part in Operation Overlord, the invasion of Normandy.
Preliminary planning for the invasion had been taking place for two years, most recently by COSSAC staff (Chief of Staff to the Supreme Allied Commander).
Montgomery's initial plan was, most likely, for an immediate breakout toward Caen.
He did not have enough men at first, so started a series of battle in which the British, Canadian and American armies trapped and defeated the German forces in Normandy in the Falaise pocket.
By the middle of July the Cotentin Peninsula was occupied and Caen captured.
Advance to the Rhine
The increasing number of American troops in the European theatre (from five out of ten divisions at D-Day to 72 out of 85 in 1945) made it a political impossibility for the Ground Forces Commander to be British.
After the end of the Normandy campaign, General Eisenhower himself took over Ground Forces Command while continuing as Supreme Commander, with Montgomery continuing to command the 21st Army Group, now consisting mainly of British and Canadian units.
Montgomery bitterly resented this change, although it had been agreed before the D-Day invasion.
Winston Churchill had Montgomery promoted to Field Marshal by way of compensation.
Montgomery was able to persuade Eisenhower to adopt his strategy of a single thrust to the Ruhr with Operation Market Garden in September 1944.
It was uncharacteristic of Montgomery's battles: the offensive was strategically bold, but poorly planned.
Montgomery either did not receive or ignored ULTRA intelligence which warned of the presence of German armoured units near the site of the attack.
As a result, the operation failed with the destruction of the British 1st Airborne Division at the Battle of Arnhem and the loss of any hopes of invading Germany by the end of 1944.
When the surprise attack on the Ardennes took place on 16 December 1944, starting the Battle of the Bulge, the front of the U.S. 12th Army Group was split, with the bulk of the U.S. First Army being on the northern shoulder of the German 'bulge'.
The Army Group commander, General Omar Bradley, was located south of the penetration at Luxembourg and command of the U.S. First Army became problematic.
Montgomery was the nearest commander on the ground and on 20 December, Eisenhower (who was in Versailles) transferred Courtney Hodges' U.S. First Army and William Simpson's U.S. Ninth Army to his 21st Army Group, despite Bradley's vehement objections on national grounds.
Montgomery grasped the situation quickly, visiting all divisional, corps, and army field commanders himself and instituting his 'Phantom' network of liaison officers.
He grouped the British XXX Corps as a strategic reserve behind the Meuse and reorganised the US defence of the northern shoulder, shortening and strengthening the line and ordering the evacuation of St Vith.
The German commander of the 5th Panzer Army, Hasso von Manteuffel said:
Eisenhower had then wanted Montgomery to go on the offensive on 1 January to meet Patton's army that had started advancing from the south on 19 December and in doing so, trap the Germans.
However, Montgomery refused to commit infantry he considered underprepared into a snowstorm and for a strategically unimportant piece of land.
He did not launch the attack until 3 January, by which point the German forces had been able to escape.
A large part of American military opinion thought that he should not have held back, though it was characteristic of him to use drawn-out preparations for his attack.
After the battle the U.S. First Army was restored to the 12th Army Group; the U.S. Ninth Army remained under 21st Army Group until it crossed the Rhine.
Montgomery's 21st Army Group advanced to the Rhine with operations Veritable and Grenade in February 1945.
A carefully-planned Rhine crossing occurred on 24 March.
While successful it was weeks after the Americans had unexpectedly captured the Ludendorff Bridge at Remagen and crossed the river.
Montgomery's river crossing was followed by the encirclement of the German Army Group B in the Ruhr.
Initially Montgomery's role was to guard the flank of the American advance.
This was altered, however, to forestall any chance of a Red Army advance into Denmark, and the 21st Army Group occupied Hamburg and Rostock and sealed off the Danish peninsula.
On 4 May 1945, on Lüneburg Heath, Montgomery accepted the surrender of German forces in northern Germany, Denmark and the Netherlands.
This was done plainly in a tent without any ceremony.
In the same year he was awarded the Order of the Elephant, the highest order in Denmark.
After the war Montgomery became the C-in-C of the British Forces of Occupation and the British member of the Allied Control Council.
He was made 1st Viscount Montgomery of Alamein in 1946.
He was Chief of the Imperial General Staff from 1946 until 1948, succeeding Alanbrooke, but was largely a failure as it required strategic and political skills he did not have.
He rarely spoke with his fellow commanders-in-chiefs, and sent his deputy to their meetings.
He clashed particularly with Arthur Tedder, who as Deputy Supreme Commander had wanted Montgomery sacked during the Battle of Normandy, and who was by now Chief of the Air Staff.
When Montgomery's term of office expired, Prime Minister Clement Attlee appointed General (later Field-Marshal) William Slim as his successor; when Montgomery protested that he had already promised the job to his protegé General Crocker, a former corps commander from the 1944-5 campaign, Attlee is said to have given the memorable retort "Untell him".
Montgomery then became Chairman of the Western European Union's commanders-in-chief committee.
Volume 3 of Nigel Hamilton's Life of Montgomery of Alamein gives a good account of the bickering between Montgomery and his land forces chief, a French general, which created splits through the Union headquarters.
He was thus pleased to become Eisenhower's deputy in creating the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation's European forces in 1951.
He was an effective inspector-general and mounted good exercises, but out of his depth politically, and his exacting manner and emphasis on efficiency created ill-feeling.
He continued to serve under Eisenhower's successors, Matthew Ridgway and Al Gruenther, until his retirement, aged nearly 71, in 1958.
His mother died in 1949; Montgomery did not attend the funeral, claiming he was "too busy".
He was chairman of the governing body of St John's School, Leatherhead, Surrey from 1951 to 1966 and a generous supporter.
Montgomery was an Honorary Member of the Winkle Club, a noted charity in Hastings, East Sussex, and introduced Winston Churchill to the club in 1955.
In 1953, the Hamilton Board of Education in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, wrote to Montgomery and asked permission to name a new school in the city's east end after him.
Viscount Montgomery Elementary was billed as "the most modern school in North America" and the largest single-storey school in Hamilton, when the sod was turned on 14 March 1951.
The school officially opened on 18 April 1953, with Montgomery in attendance among almost 10,000 well-wishers.
At the opening, he gave the motto "Gardez Bien" from his own family's coat of arms.
Montgomery referred to the school as his "beloved school" and visited on five separate occasions, the last being in 1960.
On his last visit, he said to "his" students:
Before retirement, Montgomery's outspoken views on some subjects, such as race, were often officially suppressed.
After retirement these outspoken views became public and his reputation suffered.
He supported apartheid and Chinese communism under Mao Zedong, and spoke against the legalisation of homosexuality in the United Kingdom, arguing that the Sexual Offences Act 1967 was a "charter for buggery" and that "this sort of thing may be tolerated by the French, but we're British — thank God."
However, several of Montgomery's biographers, including Chalfont (who found something "disturbingly equivocal" in "his relations with boys and young men" ) and Nigel Hamilton (2002) have suggested that he may himself have been a repressed homosexual; in the late 1940s he conducted an affectionate friendship with a 12-year-old Swiss boy.
Montgomery's memoirs (1958) criticised many of his wartime comrades in harsh terms, including Eisenhower, whom he accused, among other things, of prolonging the war by a year through poor leadership — allegations which ended their friendship, not least as Eisenhower was still US President at the time.
He was stripped of his honorary citizenship of Montgomery, Alabama, and was challenged to a duel by an Italian officer.
He was threatened with legal action by Field-Marshal Auchinleck for suggesting that Auchinleck had intended to retreat from the Alamein position if attacked again, and had to give a radio broadcast (20 November 1958) expressing his gratitude to Auchinleck for having stabilised the front at the First Battle of Alamein.
The 1960 edition of his memoirs contains a publisher's note (opposite page 15) drawing attention to that broadcast, and stating that in the publisher's view the reader might assume from Montgomery's text that Auchinleck had been planning to retreat and pointing out that this was in fact not the case.
Montgomery was never raised to an earldom like other wartime commanders Harold Alexander, Louis Mountbatten and even Archibald Wavell, but unlike them he had never been a Theatre Supreme Commander or held high political office.
An official task he insisted on performing in his later years was bearing the Sword of State during the State Opening of Parliament.
His increasing frailty, however, raised concerns about his ability to stand for long periods while carrying the heavy weapon.
Ultimately, those fears were borne out when he collapsed in mid-ceremony in 1968 and did not perform this function again.
Millennials (also known as Generation Y) are typically defined as the generation of people born between 1981 to 1996 (according to some sources).
A number of other references and sources say Millennials have birth dates January 1980–December 1995.
People in this generation are sometimes called Echo Boomers because of the high birth rate during this period.
The high birth rate almost matches that of the Baby Boom period after World War II.
Some of the famous celebrities who are from Generation Y include Harry Styles, Katy Perry, Britney Spears, Natasha Bedingfield, Christina Ricci, Anna Chlumsky, Beverley Mitchell, Kim Kardashian, Lady Gaga, Kate Bosworth, Justin Bieber, Mandy Moore, Miley Cyrus, Mara Wilson, Colbie Caillat, Dua Lipa and Avril Lavigne.
Aeolus or Eolus was the king of winds in Greek mythology.
Although he varied from story to story, he was sometimes said to have had all the winds in a bag.
In the Odyssey, he gave that bag to Odysseus to help him get home.
Aeolus was the son of Hellen and a nymph named Orseis.
Aeolus' brothers were Dorus, Xuthus and Amphictyon.
The Nemean lion ( ; Latin: Leo Nemaeus) was a vicious monster in Greek mythology that lived at Nemea.
It was eventually killed by Heracles.
It could not be killed with mortal weapons because its golden fur was impervious to attack.
Its claws were sharper than mortal swords and could cut through any armor.
Hornblende has a hardness of 5–6, a specific gravity of 2.9–3.4 and is typically an opaque green, greenish-brown, brown or black color.
It is most often confused with the minerals augite and biotite mica, both of which are black and can be found in granite.
Hornblende is a common constituent of many igneous and metamorphic rocks such as granite, diorite, gabbro, basalt, andesite, gneiss, and schist.
The word hornblende is derived from the German horn and blenden, to 'blind' or 'dazzle'.
The term blende is often used to refer to a brilliant non-metallic luster, for example, zincblende and pitchblende, the ore of uranium.
John Wiley and Sons, New York, p 416-7,
Mindat retrieved 06/21/05
Scandinavian mineral gallery  retrieved 06/21/05
Table Info retrieved 2/27/07
de:Amphibolgruppe#Calcium-Amphibole
Echidna (Greek: from “Snake”) is a monster of Greek mythology, half woman, half serpent.
Her parents were either the sea deities Phorcys and Ceto (according to Hesiod’s Theogony) or Tartarus and Gaia (in the account of the mythographer Apollodorus); in Hesiod, Tartarus and Gaia are the parents of Echidna’s husband, Typhon.
Among Echidna’s progeny by the 100-headed Typhon, were Ladon (the dragon who protected the Golden Apples of the Hesperides), another dragon who protected the Golden Fleece, the Hydra, the goatlike Chimera, and the infernal hounds Orthus and Cerberus.
The Sphinx and the Nemean lion, both sired by Orthus, were also among her offspring.
The ultrarelativistic limit is the maximum velocity that a particle can move at.
Albert Einstein found the equation for energy: E=mc².
This means that energy is equal to a certain amount of mass.
However, this is a simplified version of his equation.
The longer version of his equation is E2=m2c4+p2c2. (
Mathematically, if you ignore the p2c2 and take the square root of the equation, you get E=mc2).
p2c2 refers to the velocity of a particle multiplied by a very large number.
Einstein then went on to show that a particle can never achieve the speed of light, because you get a divide by zero error from the equation for kinetic energy, .
Look at the denominator (bottom) of the equation, . "
v" refers to the velocity of the particle.
If its velocity reaches the speed of light (which is "c" in this equation),  will equal one, and since that would leave one minus one in the denominator, there would be a divide by zero error.
Particles which go below the speed of light (all particles which have mass) are called tardyons.
Theoretical particles which go above the speed of light are called tachyons.
Atmospheric circulation is a large-scale movement of masses of air.
The origin of these processes is the sun's radiation.
The sun waves radiate the short-wave radiation.
The earth absorbs only a part of this energy.
The other part is radiated back to the atmosphere and to the universe.
The back radiation is long-waved.
The thermal energy is distributed thanks to the circulation of the air on the surface of the earth.
The demonstration of circulation varies from year to year, but the basic climatologic structure is almost constant.
We recognize 3 cells: the Hadley cell, the Ferrel cell and the Polar cell.
The movement of air masses is influenced by coriolis force.
It means that the air diverts to the west.
Hadley cell
The earth and ocean are intensively radiated in the equatorial areas.
The hot and usually moist air rises.
It is called convection.
This process creates a low pressure area along the equator.
The area is also called the Intertropical Convergence Zone.
The hot air goes to both south and north and gets colder.
When the air is cold enough, it goes down to the surface again.
This creates deserts and semi-deserts of the subtropics.
Reaching latitude 30 degrees, the masses of air return to the rainy equator.
Polar cell
The air on 60 degrees of latitude is colder and drier than the air on the equator.
On the other hand, the rising movements are still possible.
The character of processes is similar to the Hadley cell.
The warmer air goes up, and falls down on the poles.
This air comes back to the equator.
Ferrell cell
The movements between 30 and 60 degrees are more complex.
Temperature is not the main reason of this circulation.
The air in this temperate zone cell moves according to the differences between moving masses in Hadley and Polar cells.
Prevailing winds are generally westerly.
Intertropical Convergence Zone
Charles Patrick "Pat" Roberts (born April 20, 1936 in Topeka, Kansas) is a former senator from Kansas.
Before Roberts was a senator, he was a U.S. House of Representatives member and the chairman for the United States House Committee on Agriculture.
Firestar's Quest is a volume in the Warriors novel series by Erin Hunter.
At first it takes place at the New Forest.
Soon, it's a journey.
The story begins with Firestar out in the forest.
He gets caught by his own apprentice, Bramblepaw.
The next day he becomes a warrior, Brambleclaw.
Meanwhile, Firestar's dreams become disturbed by wailing cats, and he eventually goes to the Moonstone, looking for answers.
He finds out that the cats are SkyClan cats, the lost Clan from many moons ago.
There, he has a discussion with his closest friends, who are his deputy, Graystripe, his medicine cat, Cinderpelt, and his mate, Sandstorm.
They decide that Firestar must go.
He picks up Sandstorm on his way out of the camp, and heads off along the river.
He now goes along through a storm, and loses Sandstorm.
Because of that, he stays a few days in the nearby village to look for her.
One he finds her, the pair continue, and find the end of the stream.
There, they seek out the last descendant of SkyClan, and talk to him.
They are then given their mission: Rebuild SkyClan before it is gone forever.
They find many cats, join them up if they choose, and teach them about the ways of the Clans.
They pick up more and more cats, and eventually, the newly rebuilt SkyClan along with Firestar and his mate fight a gigantic swarm of rats.
There, their mission is complete.
The first SkyClan's enemies are gone, SkyClan is rebuilt, and the modern SkyClan is now the fifth Clan.
There are six Clans once again.
ThunderClan, RiverClan, ShadowClan, WindClan, SkyClan, and StarClan are once again all the Clans in history.
Monitor lizards, the genus Varanus, are also known as biawak or goannas.
They are members of the family Varanidae.
Their closest living relatives are the anguid and Heloderma lizards.
Varanus is a genus of largely carnivorous lizards.
There are about 60 species in 10 subgenera.
The species cover a vast area, occurring through Africa, the Indian Subcontinent, to China, down Southeast Asia to Brunei, Indonesia, the Philippines, New Guinea, Australia and islands of the Indian Ocean, and the South China Sea.
A large concentration of monitor lizards occurs on Tioman Island in the Malaysian state of Pahang.
Some are now found in South Florida, particularly in the Everglades.
Monitor lizards  have long necks, powerful tails and claws, and well-developed limbs.
The species include the largest living lizard, the Komodo dragon, and the crocodile monitor.
Most species are terrestrial, but arboreal and semi-aquatic monitors are also known.
International trade in five species is banned, and all the others are threatened species.
Black roughneck monitor
Clouded monitor
Dumeril's monitor
Golden monitor
The musado is a modern martial art which is divided into two branches: the traditional musado destined for civil persons and the Musado MCS (Military Combat System) destined for the army and the police.
The term musado (from Korean language) means "the way of warrior".
Nevertheless, the musado is a German martial art, based on the Korean arts.
The grand master of the musado is Herbert Grudzenski (1947-September 20, 2012)  from Germany, the main instructors for the Czech Republic are Oldřich Šelenberk and Antonín Sokol.
Traditional musado
The traditional musado derives from Korean traditional martial arts such as taekwondo, hapkido  & Kuk Sool Won.
Many of the techniques tailored more for European physical capabilities while maintaining the Korean martial arts mindset  though Grudzenski himself was also a black belt in Judo & Jujitsu.
Technical levels in the traditional musado
The traditional musado has 6 levels (1.-6.
kup) of student which are marked by colour (see the table).
Differently from the majority of the martial arts the student does not have a belt since the beginning.
Only to the term of the course which lasts 2–4 months there is capacity to pass examination for the white belt.
The belts go up until ninth dan, dan is marked on the belt with Roman numeration written with golden letters.
In the Czech Republic, the most graduated is Antonín Sokol (4.
dan).
Code of honour of the practitioners of musado
Loyalty to own country
Loyalty to the teaching and to the instructors, with respect to the parents
Confidence and fraternity among friends
Courage when facing an enemy
Never kill without cause
Moral and ethical principles
After taking oath the student must adhere to these moral and ethical principles (kyohun; Korean terms):
in – humanity
oui – justice
ye – courtesy
ji – wisdom
shin – confidence
sum – goodness
duk – virtue
chung – loyalty
yong – courage
Musado Military Combat System
Musado MCS does not have any rules precisely given.
However, with its vast extension it provides more than 4000 techniques and skills which with good mastery enable the warrior to stop an attack.
Official page of the musado
Ministry of Defence of the Czech Republic History of the musado
German organization of the musado
The Lancia Thema is a car produced by Lancia.
It replaced the Lancia Gamma in 1984, and were replaced by the Lancia Kappa in 1994.
2.0 i.e. 8V 83 kW (113 hp), 85 kW (116 hp) and 88 kW (120 hp)
2.0 i.e. 16V 104 kW (141 hp), 108 kW (147 hp) and 114 kW (155 hp)
2.0 i.e. 8V Turbo 110 kW (150 hp) and 122 kW (166 hp)
2.0 i.e. 16V Turbo 133 kW (181 hp) and 151 kW (205 hp)
2850 V6 i.e. 12V 108 kW (147 hp) and 110 kW (150 hp)
3000 V6 i.e. 12V 128 kW (174 hp)
3.0 V8 32V 8.32 151 kW (205 hp) and 158 kW (215 hp)
2.4 TD 74 kW (101 hp)
2.5 TD 85 kW (116 hp)
Ruslan Viktorovych  Fedotenko (born January 18, 1979) is  professional Ukrainian hockey player, he has played in National Hockey League ice hockey left winger for the New York Rangers.
Fedotenko has also played for the Philadelphia Flyers for two seasons, the Tampa Bay Lightning for four seasons, the New York Islanders for one season and the Pittsburgh Penguins for two seasons before being signed to a 1-year-deal worth $1 million after accepting a tryout with the New York Rangers.
Professional career.
In the 1995/96 season he played two matches for Sokol in the MHL and 33 for the Kyiv farm club SHVSM in the first VEHL championship.
The next season he went to train in the junior team of the Finnish TPS.
On October 24, 2000 he made his debut for Philadelphia in the NHL.
In the first game against the Rangers, he has made an assist.
2004 Stanley Cup winner with the Tampa Bay Lightning.
Fedotenko scored 12 goals in 22 playoff matches with the Lightning, including a double in the seventh Stanley Cup final against the Calgary Flames (2-1), which brought Tampa the first Stanley Cup in team history.
In the summer of 2007, as a free agent, he signed a 1-year contract with the New York Islanders for $ 2.9 million.
He started the championship very successfully playing in the first line, gaining 11 points in 12 matches, but in the next 18 matches, the hockey player scored only 4 points, as a result was transferred to the second link.
After the end of the 07/08 season, he moved to the Pittsburgh Penguins.
The contract was calculated for 1 year in the amount of $ 2.5 million.
With the team won the Stanley Cup in the season 08/09.
After a successful season, the team signed a new contract until 2010.
In October 2010, as a free agent, he signed a 1-year contract with the New York Rangers.
After the end of the 10/11 season, a new one-year contract for $ 1.4 million was signed.
Ukrainian ice hockey players
Christopher Roy Oddleifson (born September 7, 1950 in Brandon, Manitoba) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey player.
He in the National Hockey League from 1972 until 1981.
He is best known for his time with the Vancouver Canucks, where he was one of the team's top players for much of the 1970s and served as team captain in 1976–77.
Oddleifson was selected 10th overall in the 1970 NHL Amateur Draft by the California Golden Seals following a final junior season with the Winnipeg Jets of the WCHL, during which he finished with 95 points (including a league-leading 64 assists) and 243 penalty minutes.
However, he was assigned to the minor leagues and would never play an National Hockey League game for the Seals, and was dealt to the Boston Bruins mid-way through the 1971–72 season.
In 1972–73, Oddleifson finally made his NHL debut, appearing in 6 games for Boston without recording a point.
He managed to crack the Bruins full-time in 1974–75, highlighted by a four-goal game against the Golden Seals, the team that had given up on him two years earlier.
Late in the season, he was dealt to the Vancouver Canucks in a deal for sniper Bobby Schmautz, and he finished out his rookie season with decent totals of 13 goals and 29 points in 70 games between Boston and Vancouver.
Oddleifson would have his breakout year in 1974–75, as he emerged as a leader on a young Canuck team which surprised by winning their division and making the playoffs for the first time in franchise history.
He proved himself to be an exceptional all-around player who possessed size, toughness, and playmaking ability, as well as the ability to play both at center and on the wing.
He lead the Canucks in scoring through the early part of the season, until a fractured jaw forced him to miss 20 games.
Nevertheless, he finished with career highs of 16 goals and 35 assists for 51 points in just 60 games.
In 1975–76, Oddleifson would have his finest NHL season, as he notched 16 goals and a club-leading 46 assists for a career high 62 points.
Although his production waned somewhat in the next few seasons, he remained one of the team's top all-around forwards and most popular players.
He was named team captain for 1976–77, although he was replaced by Don Lever the following year.
In 1977–78, he recorded a career-high 17 goals for the club.
By the 1979–80 season, the emergence of young stars like Thomas Gradin, Stan Smyl and Curt Fraser, as well as the acquisition of several skilled veterans, had pushed Oddleifson into a mainly defensive role, and he finished the season with career lows of just 8 goals and 28 points.
Early in the 1980–81 campaign, he was assigned to the Dallas Black Hawks, effectively ending his NHL career.
Oddleifson spent two more seasons playing in Switzerland before retiring in 1983.
He finished his NHL career with totals 95 goals and 191 assists for 286 points in 524 games, along with 464 penalty minutes.
Following his career, Oddleifson returned to Vancouver and became a successful real estate agent.
He remains active with the Canuck Oldtimers squad.
MJHL Second All-Star Team (1968)
WCJHL First All-Star Team (1970)
Chris Oddleifson's biography  at Manitoba Hockey Hall of Fame
Winnipeg Jets (WHL) players
Alexandre "Alex" Plante (born May 9, 1989) is a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman who is currently playing for the Oklahoma City Barons of the American Hockey League.
He was selected by the Edmonton Oilers 15th overall in the 2007 NHL Entry Draft and made his National Hockey League (NHL) debut in 2009–10.
He is the son of former professional defenceman Cam Plante, while his brother, Tyler, is a goaltender in the Florida Panthers organization.
Plante played junior hockey for the Calgary Hitmen of the Western Hockey League (WHL).
The Hitmen selected him with their second round pick, 21st overall, in the 2004 WHL Bantam Draft.
He established himself as a regular on Calgary's blue line in 2005–06, playing in 54 games.
He appeared in 58 more in 2006–07 and attracted greater attention from NHL scouts in the 2007 playoffs, scoring 11 points in 13 games.
As a result, the Edmonton Oilers selected him 15th overall in the 2007 NHL Entry Draft, a higher position than he was initially expected to go.
Several injuries limited Plante to 36 games in 2007–08 and he failed to report to Calgary's training camp prior to the 2008–09 WHL season, claiming that the team had treated him poorly the previous year.
While he initially demanded a trade out of Calgary, Plante ultimately recanted and returned to the Hitmen early in the season.
He rebounded from his "nightmare season" in 2007–08 to rank among the leaders of the Hitmen defence with 45 points in the regular season and another 15 in the playoffs before Calgary was upset in the league championship series by the Kelowna Rockets.
The Oilers signed Plante to a three-year contract following the season.
He began his professional career in 2009–10 with Edmonton's top minor league affiliate, the Springfield Falcons of the American Hockey League (AHL).
Several injuries on Edmonton's defence led the Oilers to recall Plante, and he made his NHL debut on February 1, 2010 against the Carolina Hurricanes and recorded an assist.
He was returned to Springfield as injured players returned to the Oilers' lineup.
Alex Plante's profile at the WHL
Phan Thanh Giản or Phan Thanh Jan(潘淸簡, 1796 - 1867) was a Vietnamese politician, diplomat and historian.
He was Vietnam's diplomat in France, the war.
《欽定越史通鑑綱目》
Silversun Pickups is an American indie band from Los Angeles, California.
Silversun Pickups has four members in the band; the current band members are Brian Aubert, Nikki Monninger, Joe Lester, Christopher Guanlao.
The band was formed by four friends and was originally called, A Couple of Couples but was changed to Silversun Pickups because it was an off licence across from the Silverlake Lounge and near their house at Sunset and Silverlake Blvds in Los Angeles.
The band currently has Brian Aubert on Vocals and guitar, Nikki Monninger on bass and vocals, Chris Guanlao on drums and Joe Lester on keyboards, samples and sound manipulation.
Brian Aubert – guitar/Vocals
Nikki Monninger – bass guitar/vocals
Chris Guanlao – drums
Joe Lester – keyboards/samples/sound manipulation
Jack Kennedy - Rhythm Guitar
Elvira Gonzalez - Drums
Carnavas (2006)
Swoon (2009)
Pikul (EP) (2005)
Live Session (2007) (iTunes Exclusive)
A tube worm is a worm-like sessile invertebrate which anchors its tail to an underwater surface.
It creates a mineral tube around its body, and can withdraw the body into it.
The phylum Annelida (segmented worms)
The class Polychaetea  (bristle worms)
The order Canalipalpata  (bristle-footed annelids or fan-head worms)
The family Siboglinidae (beard worms)
The genus Lamellibrachia
The species Riftia pachyptila (giant tube worm)
The family Serpulidae
The family Sabellidae (feather duster worms)
The phylum Phoronida (horseshoe worms)
The order Microconchida (extinct tubeworms)
Kraken are legendary sea monsters of gargantuan size, said to have dwelt off the coasts of Norway and Iceland.
The sheer size and fearsome appearance attributed to the beasts have made them common ocean-dwelling monsters in various fictional works.
Leviathan (, "twisted, coiled"), is a monster mentioned in the Bible.
In Satanism Leviathan is believed to be one of the princes of Hell.
The word has become synonymous with any large sea monster or creature.
In classical literature (such as the novel Moby-Dick) it refers to great whales, and in Modern Hebrew, it means simply "whale."
A k-line or kill line is an IRC term.
When a user is k-lined, he or she is banned from a certain server, either for some time or forever.
When the user is banned they are not allowed to join that server again and have to join another one to get back onto IRC.
This is recorded as a line in the server's IRC daemon configuration file which has the letter "K" at the beginning.
This is where "K-line" comes from.
A Group 11 element is one in the series of elements in group 11 (IUPAC style) in the periodic table, consisting of transition metals which are the traditional coinage metals of copper (Cu), silver (Ag), and gold  (Au).
Roentgenium (Rg) belongs to this group of elements based on its electronic configuration, but it is a short-lived transactinide with a 22.8 seconds half-life that has only been observed in laboratory conditions.
The name "coinage metals" is often used in casual speech to refer to these elements, but various cultures have used many other metals in coinage including aluminium, lead, nickel, stainless steel,  and zinc.
They are all relatively inert, corrosion-resistant metals.
Copper and gold are colored.
These elements have low electrical resistivity so they are used for wiring.
Copper is the cheapest and most widely used.
Bond wires for integrated circuits are usually gold.
Silver and silver plated copper wiring are found in some special applications.
These metals, especially silver, have unusual properties that make them essential for industrial applications outside of their monetary or decorative value.
They are all excellent conductors of electricity.
The most conductive of all metals are silver, copper and gold in that order.
Silver is also the most thermally conductive element, and the most light reflecting element.
Silver also has the unusual property that the tarnish that forms on silver is still highly electrically conductive.
Copper is used extensively in electrical wiring and circuitry.
Gold contacts are sometimes found in precision equipment for their ability to remain corrosion-free.
Silver is used widely in mission-critical applications as electrical contacts, and is also used in photography (because silver nitrate reverts to metal on exposure to light), agriculture, medicine, audiophile and scientific applications.
Gold, silver, and copper are quite soft metals and so are easily damaged in daily use as coins.
Precious metal may also be easily abraded and worn away through use.
In their numismatic functions these metals must be alloyed with other metals to afford coins greater durability.
The alloying with other metals makes the resulting coins harder, less likely to become deformed and more resistant to wear.
Gold coins:  Gold coins are typically produced as 90% gold (e.g. with pre-1933 US coins), or 22 carat (92%) gold (e.g. current collectible coins and Krugerrands), with copper and silver making up the remaining weight in each case.
Bullion gold coins are being produced with up to 99.999% gold (in the Canadian Gold Maple Leaf series).
Silver coins:  Silver coins are typically produced as either 90% silver - in the case of pre 1965 US minted coins (which were circulated in many countries), or sterling silver (92.5%) coins for pre-1920 British Commonwealth and other silver coinage, with copper making up the remaining weight in each case.
Copper coins:  Copper coins are often of quite high purity, around 97%, and are usually alloyed with small amounts of zinc and tin.
Inflation has caused the face value of coins to fall below the hard currency value of the historically used metals.
This had led to most modern coins being made of base metals - copper nickel (around 80:20, silver in color) is popular as are nickel-brass (copper (75), nickel (5) and zinc (20), gold in color), manganese-brass (copper, zinc, manganese, and nickel), bronze, or simple plated steel.
A shadow cabinet is a term which applies in some parliamentary democracies based on the UK parliamentary tradition.
It is a group of politicians who hold a political position in their party, but whose party is not in government (that is, an opposition party).
A member of the shadow cabinet is a shadow minister.
The leader of a shadow cabinet is called the Leader of the Opposition.
The term is of United Kingdom origin, and is used by some members of the Commonwealth.
Some elements are found in other democratic systems of government.
Each minister of a Cabinet has a corresponding shadow minister.
The shadow minister may provide alternative policies to the minister in the government.
The two of them may debate on issues relating to their area of jurisdiction.
For example, the British "Shadow Secretary of State for Health" often replies to the Secretary of State for Health.
The current UK Shadow Cabinet is made up of members of the Labour Party.
The term refers only to the party in opposition which has the most seats of the opposition parties.
A smartphone is a mobile phone that can also be used as a computer.
They work as a computer but are mobile devices small enough to fit in a user's hand.
Sending and receiving emails, text, photographs and multimedia messages
Registering contacts
Calculator, currency conversions, alarm, etc.
Browsing the Internet using a mobile browser
Mobile payment for goods or services
Photography and video recording
Use as torch to make light in dark areas
Taking and searching notes
Showing map of user's location by GPS (Global Positioning System)
Another way to think of them is that they are PDAs that can make voice calls like any other mobile phone.
Older phones also used computer technology, but lacked many of the parts of a computer that were too big to fit into a phone.
Modern phone makers have been able to use smaller parts.
Most smartphones are also GPS receivers and digital cameras.
Because smartphones are small computers, they run an operating system that is often common between devices to ensure compatibility.
The majority of smartphones run on Apple iOS or Google Android but others use Windows Phone or BlackBerry OS.
Most can do multitasking, running  more than one program which helps the user do things quicker and easier.
Users can get more programs, called mobile apps, from the manufacturer's app store, such as the Apple App Store and Google Play which can help them complete special tasks.
Data communication has become faster.
Smart phones can send and receive data much faster than older phones.
The industry uses different standards to label the data transmission rates.
2G was introduced in 1991.
2G means 2nd Generation.
2G phones transmit data at about the same speed as a 56kbit/s (kilobits per second) dial-up modem would get.
3G was introduced in the early 2000s.
Depending on where they are, 3G phones vary in speed between about 200kbit/s to 14Mbit/s (megabits per second).
This is comparable to a DSL or low end cable modem speed.
Most smart phones use 3G technology to make them fast enough to practically use internet and other data features.
Faster 4G networks operate in many places, with speeds estimated as fast as 100Mbit/s to 1Gbit/s (gigabit per second).
This is as fast as some computer networks that use ethernet.
Many smart phones introduced after 2010 use 4G technology including LTE, as later, even faster version.
5G was introduced in a few places in 2019.
Smartphones are powered by batteries.
The amount of energy they can store is reduced over time, and they become weaker.
This causes the phone to become slower and later to turn itself off without the user asking for it.
Some smartphones are designed so the user is able to take off the rear cover and replace the weakened battery.
Most newer smartphones are not made like this.
Use as camera
Smartphones are also camera phones.
They are usually not as capable as dedicated cameras.
Some phones have sophisticated camera software allowing such features as independent setting of bitrate, framerate and resolution,.
Such controls have only been adapted starting in the mid-2010s.
As of early 2021, mobile phone chipsets may be capable of 2160p 4K video capture at 120 frames per second.
Reading news and entertainment
Accessing local information
Participating on social media/networking sites
Michelle Malkin (born October 20, 1970) is a conservative blogger, political commentator and author.
She runs a weekly syndicated column.
Her weekly syndicated column is in a number of newspapers and websites.
She is a Fox News Channel contributor and has been a guest on MSNBC, C-SPAN, and national radio programs.
Malkin has written four books published by Regnery Publishing.
The Dodge B-Series were a series of passenger or cargo vans which began around 1971 and ended in 2003.
These vans were full sized.
They had the names of Sportsman for the passenger van.
The cargo vans were named Dodge Tradesman.
This was before 1979, beginning in which year these vehicles were renamed Dodge Ram.
The vehicles were marketed under Dodge.
The B-Series vans were discontinued in June 2003 and replaced with the Dodge Sprinter, a rebadged Mercedes which was already on sale since 2002.
The Lincoln Town Car was an American-made full size sedan.
It was launched in 1980 as a 1981 model.
However, the Town Car name was first used on the Lincoln Continental starting in 1959 and ending in 1979.
For 1980, the Town Car name was used on a downsized version of the Continental before it was used on its own model.
The first official generation of the Town Car was made from 1981 to 1989.
For 1990, the second generation got a complete redesign and was facelifted for the 1995 model year.
For 1998, the Town Car entered its third generation and got a rounder, more sleek design.
For 2003, the Panther platform got new rack and pinion steering along with a slight redesign which lasted till its end in 2011.
The Lincoln Town Car was distributed by The Ford Motor Company, Ford's Lincoln (automobile) division.
This automobile was the most used limousine in the United States and in Canada.
The automobiles are sometimes used as taxis.
They were used as hearses as well.
The Town Car was discontinued in 2011.
Town Car
Seventh Son of a Seventh Son is a studio album by Iron Maiden.
It went on sale on 11 April 1988.
It is a concept album, and talks about the idea that a seventh son of a seventh son has special powers.
The album was the most popular one in th eUnited Kingdom when it went on sale.
One person who reviewed it said that "ranks among [Iron Maiden's] best work."
Bruce Dickinson - lead vocals
Adrian Smith - guitar, backing vocals, synth
Steve Harris - bass, string synth,  backing vocals
Nicko McBrain - drums, percussion
Candida albicans is a yeast which causes oral and genital infections in humans.
The infection is candidiasis, better known as "thrush".
It is treated with antimycotics (anti-fungal drugs).
C. albicans biofilms readily form on the surface of medical devices.
Hospital-related infections in patients are a major health concern.
C. albicans is among the gut flora, the many organisms that live in the human mouth and gastrointestinal tract.
Under normal circumstances, it lives in 80% of the human population with no harmful effects, although overgrowth results in candidiasis.
America's Got Talent (sometimes abbreviated as AGT) is an American reality television series on the NBC television network, and part of the global British Got Talent series franchise.
It began in June 21, 2006.
It features singers, dancers, magicians and other talents from America to compete for a contract and $1,000,000 and as a headliner on the Las Vegas Strip since season 3.
Artists compete for the judges votes.
Before appearing, Applicants must audition to impress the crew who works on the show.
This is how people get a chance to impress the judges.
Once applicants have made the show, they go on stage with the judges.
Before the act, they introduce themselves("Who are you and where are you from?")
is a common line.
They perform their act with added help from the crew that helps the contestants with playing music, and props.
The coaches have a big red X button they can press if the act starts performing and they get bored, don't like the act, or think the act isn't "talent" material or just plain stupid.
If an act receives all of the Judges X's, they must stop performing, however, some have ignored the unofficial rule.
After the act is complete, the judges make comments make positive and/or negative about it.
Each judge then votes.
If an act received 3 Yes's(75%) or more, they move on to the next round of competition.
If an act received 2 yes's(50%) or less, they are eliminated from the competition.
X's do not determine a judge's yes or no decision.
Even if an act received four X's, they can still go through if they can convince the judges to give them 3 yes's, they still go through.
Judge Cuts
The second round of the competition features the contestants performing an act again(usually better and bigger) than the last time.
The Judges decide on a certain number of acts moving to the live shows.
The contestants are usually split into a certain number of groups as well.
The judges decide who moves on as a group, instead of individually.
The judges can still X a performance, but all performances are eligible to move on when the judges X a performance, even with four X's.
Live Shows
Season 1: Bianca Ryan
Season 2: Terry Fator
Season 3: Neal E. Boyd
Season 4: Kevin Skinner
Season 5: Michael Grimm
Season 6: Landau Eugene Murphy, Jr.
Season 7: Olate Dogs
Season 8: Kenichi Ebina
Season 9: Mat Franco
Season 10: Paul Zerdin
Season 11: Grace VanderWaal
Season 12: Darci Lynne
Season 13: Shin Lim
Season 14: Kodi Lee
Season 15: Brandon Leake
Season 16: Dustin Tavella
AGT: The Champions
Season 1: Shin Lim
Season 2: V.Unbeatable
Stained glass is glass coloured by adding metallic salts when it is made.
The coloured glass is made into stained glass windows.
Small pieces of glass are arranged to form patterns or pictures.
The glass is held together  by strips of lead and supported by a rigid frame.
Painted details and yellow stain are often used to improve the design.
The term stained glass is also applied to windows in which the colours have been painted onto the glass and then fused to the glass in a kiln.
Stained glass is much used in Christian art but other themes are not rare.
It is still popular today, and often called art glass.
It is often used in luxury homes and commercial buildings.
Copper: metal gives dark red glass
Gold: metal in tiny amounts (0.001%) produces ruby red glass
Silver, usually silver nitrate, gives range of red to yellow colours
Cobalt: brilliant blue
Manganese dioxide: green
Iron(II) oxide: blue-green
Chromium: dark green
Shutter Island is a 2010 American psychological thriller movie directed by Martin Scorsese, with Leonardo DiCaprio, based on novel Dennis Levane.
The movie cost about $80 million to make.
Worldwide, it had a total gross profit of $294,803,014.
2010 mystery movies
Chevrolet Caprice and Caprice Classic are fully sized vehicles produced by General Motors.
The vehicles were first produced around 1965.
The cars were discontinued in the United States during 1996, though they returned for 2011.
These cars are used as police vehicles or as taxis in many countries.
This is a list of United States senators from Kansas.
Senators from Kansas
The Calvin cycle is named after Melvin C. Calvin, who won a Nobel Prize in Chemistry for finding it in 1961.
Calvin and his colleagues, Andrew Benson and James Bassham, did the work at the University of California, Berkeley.
Using the radioactive carbon-14 isotope as a tracer, Calvin, Andrew Benson and their team mapped the complete route that carbon travels through a plant during photosynthesis.
They traced the carbon-14 from soaking up its atmospheric carbon dioxide to its conversion into carbohydrates and other organic compounds.
The single-celled algae Chlorulla was used to trace the carbon-14.
Grab: A five-carbon carbon catcher called RuBP (Ribulose bisphosphate) catches one molecule of carbon dioxide and forms a six-carbon molecule.
Split: the enzyme RuBisCO (with the energy of ATP and NADPH molecules) breaks the six-carbon molecule into two equal parts.
Leave: A trio of carbons leave and become sugar.
The other trio moves on to the next step.
Switch: Using ATP and NADPH, the three carbon molecule is changed into a five carbon molecule.
The cycle starts over again.
The carbohydrate products of the Calvin cycle are three-carbon sugar phosphate molecules, or 'glucose triose phosphates' (G3P).
Each step of the cycle has its own enzyme which speeds up the reaction.
fi:Yhteyttäminen#Valoreaktiot ja pimeäreaktiot
A political machine (sometimes called just machine in politics) is a political organization in which a person or small group with authority that has enough votes or is popular enough to have control over political administration or any type of government in a city, county, or state.