the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
1941 - Dick Trickle, American racing driver (d. 2013)
1943 - Sherman Kelly, American singer-songwriter (Boffalongo)
1944 - Nikolai Karachentsov, Russian actor (d. 2018)
1945 – Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, 35th President of Brazil
1945 - Arild Andersen, Norwegian composer and bassist
1946 - Steven R. Nagel, American astronaut, pilot and engineer (d. 2014)
1946 – Carrie Snodgress, American actress (d. 2004)
1946 - Ivan Reitman, Czech-Canadian actor, producer and director
1949 - Garry Talent, American musician (E Street Band)
1950 – Fran Lebowitz, American writer
1950 - Sue Lloyd-Roberts, English journalist (d. 2015)
1951 - K. K. Downing, English musician (Judas Priest)
1951 - Carlos Frenk, Mexican-English physicist, cosmologist and academic
1952 – Roberto Benigni, Italian actor and director
1952 - Francis Fukuyama, American political scientist, economist and author
1952 - Atsuyoshi Furuta, Japanese footballer
1953 - Peter Firth, English actor
1954 - Frank Gray, Scottish footballer
1954 - Mike Kelley, American artist (d. 2012)
1956 - Michèle Chardonnet, French athlete
1956 - Christiane Wartenberg, German athlete
1957 – Jeff East, American actor
1957 – Glenn Hoddle, English footballer and manager
1958 – Simon Le Bon, English musician (Duran Duran)
1958 - Manu Katché, French musician
1959 - Rick Carlisle, American basketball player and coach
1961 - Margaret Mazzantini, Italian actress
1962 - Stewart McKimmie, Scottish footballer
1963 - Marla Maples, American actress and model
1963 - Farin Urlaub, German musician and songwriter
1964 - Mary T. Meagher, American swimmer
1967 – Scott Weiland, American musician Stone Temple Pilots, Velvet Revolver (d. 2015)
1967 - Simone Moro, Italian mountaineer
1970 – Adrian Erlandsson, musician (Cradle of Filth)
1971 - Elissa, Lebanese singer
1971 – Theodoros Zagorakis, Greek footballer
1972 – Maria Mutola, Mozambican athlete
1972 – Evan Coyne Maloney, documentary movie maker
1972 – Brad Radke, American baseball player
1975 - Zadie Smith, English novelist
1975 - Aron Ralston, American mountaineer and engineer
1976 – Ariel Ibagaza, Argentine footballer
1977 – Jiří Jarosík, Czech footballer
1977 - Sheeri Rappaport, American actress
1978 - Toby Petersen, American ice hockey player
1978 – Vanessa-Mae, Singapore-born British musician
1980 - Tanel Padar, Estonian singer-songwriter and guitarist
1980 - Václav Noid Bárta, Czech singer and actor
1981 – Volkan Demirel, Turkish footballer
1982 - Takashi Tsukamoto, Japanese actor and singer
1984 – Kelly Osbourne, daughter of Ozzy Osbourne
1984 - Kostas Kapetanos, Greek footballer
1984 - Emilie Ullerup, Danish actress
1986 - David Warner, Australian cricketer
1987 - Yi Jianlian, Chinese basketball player
1987 - Viktor Genev, Bulgarian footballer
1988 – Evan Turner, American basketball player
1992 - Stephan El Shaarawy, Italian footballer
1992 - Emily Hagins, American director, producer and screenwriter
1994 - Eddie Alderson, American actor
1997 - Eden Taylor-Draper, English actress
1999 - Haruka Kudo, Japanese singer (Morning Musume)
673 - Pope Agatho of Alexandria (b. 654)
939 – King Athelstan I of England (b. 895)
1271 - Hugh II, Duke of Burgundy, French crusader (b. 1213)
1303 - Beatrice of Castile (b. 1242)
1312 - John II, Duke of Brabant (b. 1275)
1327 - Elizabeth de Burgh, wife of Robert I of Scotland (b. 1289)
1430 – Vytautas the Great, Grand Duke of Lithuania (b. 1350)
1439 – Albert II of Germany, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1392)
1449 - Ulugh Beg, Persian astronomer, mathematician and Sultan (b. 1394)
1485 - Rudolf Agricola, Dutch writer and educator (b. 1444)
1505 – Tsar Ivan III of Russia (b. 1440)
1553 – Michael Servetus, Spanish theologian and doctor (b. 1511)
1561 - Lope de Aguirre, Spanish explorer (b. 1510)
1605 – Akbar the Great, Mughal Emperor (b. 1542)
1674 – Hallgrímur Pétursson, Icelandic poet and hymnist (b. 1614)
1675 - Gilles de Roberval, French mathematician (b. 1602)
1789 - John Cook, Governor of Delaware (b. 1730)
1880 - Thrasyvoulos Zaimis, Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1827)
1917 - Arthur Rhys-Davids, English pilot (b. 1897)
1926 - Warren Wood, American golfer (b. 1887)
1935 - Ernest Eldridge, English racing driver (b. 1897)
1942 – Helmuth Hubener, German resistance activist (b. 1925)
1954 - Harry Tate, American soccer player (b. 1886)
1962 - Rudolf Anderson, American pilot (b. 1927)
1962 – Enrico Mattei, Italian politician (b. 1906)
1968 – Lise Meitner, German physicist (b. 1878)
1975 – Rex Stout, American novelist (b. 1886)
1980 - Steve Peregrin Took, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1949)
1980 – John Hasbrouck van Vleck, American physicist (b. 1899)
1986 - Sherman Adams, 67th Governor of New Hampshire (b. 1899)
1990 – Xavier Cugat, Catalan-born bandleader (b. 1900)
1990 - Jacques Demy, French director (b. 1931)
1990 - Ugo Tognazzi, Italian actor (b. 1922)
1999 – Vazgen Sargsyan, Prime Minister of Armenia (b. 1959)
1999 – Karen Demirchyan, Chairman of the Armenian Parliament (b. 1932)
2000 - Walter Berry, Austrian bass baritone (b. 1929)
2001 - Pradeep Kumar, Indian actor, director and producer (b. 1925)
2003 – Walter Washington, American politician (b. 1915)
2003 - Stephanie Tyrell, American songwriter and producer (b. 1949)
2006 – Brad Will, American anarchist and independent journalist (b. 1970)
2010 – Néstor Kirchner, President of Argentina (b. 1950)
2012 - Natina Reed, American singer, producer and rapper (b. 1979)
2012 - Hans Peter Henze, German composer (b. 1926)
2013 - Lou Reed, American musician (b. 1942)
2014 - Daniel Boulanger, French actor and writer (b. 1922)
2014 - Starke Taylor, American politician, Mayor of Dallas, Texas (b. 1922)
2014 - Shin Hae-chul, South Korean singer (b. 1968)
2015 - Philip French, British film critic (b. 1933)
2016 - Prince Mikasa, Japanese royal (b. 1915)
2017 - Hans Kraay Sr.,
Dutch footballer (b. 1936)
2017 - Punathil Kunjabdulla, Indian writer and physician (b. 1942)
2018 - Freddie Hart, American musician and singer-songwriter (b. 1926)
2018 - Madan Lal Khurana, Indian politician (b. 1936)
2018 - Mario Segale, American businessman (b. 1934)
2018 - Ntozake Shange, American poet and playwright (b. 1948)
2018 - Vichai Srivaddhanaprabha, Thai businessman and owner of Leicester City F.C. (b. 1958)
2019 - Vladimir Bukovsky, Russian-British human rights activist and dissident (b. 1942)
2019 - Stephen P. Cohen, American political scientist and security expert (b. 1936)
2019 - John Conyers, American politician and civil rights activist (b. 1929)
2019 - Ivan Milat, Australian serial killer (b. 1944)
2019 - Anne Phelan, Australian actress (b. 1940s)
2019 - Hans-Peter Uhl, German politician (b. 1944)
Independence Day (Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Turkmenistan)
312 - Constantine I enters Rome after his victory at the Milvian Bridge.
969 - Byzantine troops occupy Antioch, Syria.
1390 - The first witchcraft trial to take place in Paris begins, later ending in three people being executed.
1422 - Charles VII of France becomes king.
1618 – English explorer and statesman Walter Raleigh is executed.
1675 - Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz makes the first use of the long s as a symbol of the integral in calculus.
1787 – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's opera Don Giovanni is publicly performed for the first time, in Prague.
1792 - The Mount Hood volcano in Oregon is given its name.
1863 – At a meeting in Geneva, 18 countries agree to form the International Red Cross.
1863 - American Civil War: Battle of Wauhatchie takes place.
1867 - Near the British Virgin Islands, the British ship RMS Rhone sinks in a strong hurricane, killing at least 24 people.
1886 - The first ticker-tape parade takes place in New York City to celebrate the inauguration, on the previous day, of the Statue of Liberty.
1888 - The Convention of Constantinople is signed.
It guarantees free maritime passage through the Suez Canal, both in peace-time and in times of war.
1894 - New Zealand passenger steamer Wairarapa strikes a reef off eastern Australia and sinks, killing 121 people.
1900 - An explosion at a New York chemical factory kills almost 200 people.
1901 – For fatally shooting US President William McKinley, Leon Czolgosz is executed by electrocution.
1901 - American nurse Jane Toppan is arrested, after autopsies of the Davies family found traces of poison.
It is later revealed that she was a serial killer.
1917 - Max Meiser of Berlin sets the first rules for the game of handball.
1918 - The German High Sea fleet is grounded when sailors mutiny on the night to October 30.
1921 - The trial of Sacco and Vanzetti begins in the United States.
1922 – Victor Emmanuel III of Italy appoints Benito Mussolini as Prime Minister.
1923 – The Republic of Turkey is declared by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk.
Ankara becomes the capital city.
1929 – The New York Stock Exchange collapses, starting the Great Depression.
1941 - Holocaust: In the Kaunas Ghetto, over 10,000 Jews are shot by German occupiers.
1942 - World War II: German U-boat U 575 sinks British passenger ship Abosso in the North Atlantic Ocean, killing 362 people.
1944 - World War II: The city of Breda in the Netherlands is liberated by the 1st Polish Armoured Division.
1945 – Brazilian President Getulio Vargas resigns.
1955 – The Soviet battleship Novorossiysk is sunk by an explosion in Sevastopol, killing 608 officers.
1956 - Suez Canal: Israeli forces invade the Sinai Peninsulaand push Egyptian forces back to the Suez Canal.
1956 - The Tangier Protocol is signed.
The international city of Tangier is returned to Morocco.
1960 - In Louisville, Kentucky, Muhammad Ali (then known as Cassius Clay) wins his first professional fight.
1964 - The United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar changes its name to Tanzania, with Julius Nyerere as President.
1967 - End of the Montreal World's Fair.
1969 - The first-ever computer-to-computer link is created by ARPANET, a forerunner to the internet.
1973 – The Bosphorus Bridge in Istanbul is opened by Turkey's then-President Fahri Koroturk, to mark 50 years of the Republic.
1983 - 500,000 people protest against cruise missiles in The Hague, Netherlands.
1986 - Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Margaret Thatcher opens the last stretch of the M25 motorway.
1991 – The American Galileo spacecraft approaches the 951 Gaspra asteroid.
1994 - Francisco Martin Duran fires over two dozen shots at the White House.
He is arrested in suspicion of trying to kill Bill Clinton.
1998 – Hurricane Mitch wreaks havoc across Central America, causing destruction, flooding a several deaths after making landfall.
1998 – South Africa's Truth and Reconciliation Commission condemns all sides for human rights violations.
1998 – American astronaut John Glenn becomes the oldest person in space.
1998 – A Turkish airliner with 39 people on board, flying from Adana to Ankara, is hijacked by Kurdish militants, demanding the pilot to fly to Switzerland.
The pilot successfully lands in Ankara after tricking the militants into thinking that he was flying to Sofia, Bulgaria to refuel.
1998 - A nightclub fire in Gothenburg, Sweden kills 63 people.
1999 – A tropical cyclone hits southern and eastern India, particularly affecting the state of Orissa.
10,000 people are estimated to have been killed and 1.5 million made homeless.
2002 – A department store fire in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam kills at least 60 people and leaves around 100 missing.
2004 – Norodom Sihamoni officially succeeds his father Norodom Sihanouk as King of Cambodia.
2005 – Terrorist bombings occur in Delhi, India.
2006 - Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva is elected to a second term as President of Brazil.
2008 – Delta Airlines merges with Northwest Airlines.
2012 - After leaving a trail of destruction across the Caribbean, killing 67 people, Hurricane Sandy strikes the east coast of the United States, causing major flooding, and in some parts snowfall, to several Eastern and Great Lakes states as well as parts of southern Canada.
New York City is among the major cities affected.
At least 33 people are killed.
2013 - A new underground railway tunnel across the Bosphorus, in Istanbul, is opened.
2015 - The People's Republic of China abandons its one-child policy.
2018 - Lion Air Flight 610 crashes into the Java Sea shortly after take-off from Jakarta, killing all 189 people on board.
2018 - Angela Merkel announces her intention to resign as Chancellor of Germany in 2021.
2019 - United Kingdom general election, 2019: The House of Commons of the United Kingdom votes in favour of holding the country's first December general election (on December 12) in 96 years.
1017 – Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1056)
1463 - Alessandro Achillini, Italian physician and philosopher (d. 1512)
1504 - Shin Saimdang, Korean writer, artist and poet (d. 1551)
1507 - Fernando Alvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba (d. 1582)
1704 - John Byng, English admiral (d. 1757)
1740 – James Boswell, Scottish biographer of Samuel Johnson (d. 1795)
1745 - William Hayley, English poet, biographer and patron of the arts (d. 1820)
1811 - Louis Blanc, French politician and historian (d. 1882)
1813 - Narciso Campero, President of Bolivia (d. 1896)
1815 – L'udovit Stur, Slovakian politician and writer of the Slovak language (d. 1856)
1815 - Daniel Emmett, American composer (d. 1904)
1816 – King Ferdinand II of Portugal (d. 1885)
1822 - Mieczyslaw Halka Ledochowski, Polish Roman Catholic cardinal (d. 1902)
1828 - Thomas Francis Bayard, American statesman, diplomat and lawyer (d. 1898)
1831 - Othniel Charles Marsh, American paleontologist (d. 1899)
1832 - Narcisa de Jesus, Ecuadorean saint (d. 1869)
1837 - Abraham Kuyper, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (d. 1920)
1855 - Jacques Curie, French physicist (d. 1941)
1855 - Moses McNeil, Scottish footballer, founding member of Rangers F.C. (d. 1938)
1861 – Andrei Ryabushkin, Russian painter (d. 1904)
1866 - Antonio Luna, Filipino revolutionary general (d. 1899)
1875 – Marie of Edinburgh, Queen of Romania (d. 1938)
1875 - Alva B. Adams, United States Senator from Colorado (d. 1941)
1877 - Narcisa de León, Filipino movie producer (d. 1966)
1878 - Alexander von Falkenhausen, German general and resistance activist (d. 1966)
1879 – Franz von Papen, German politician (d. 1969)
1880 - Abram Ioffe, Soviet physicist (d. 1960)
1881 - John DeWitt, American athlete (d. 1930)
1882 – Jean Giraudoux, French writer (d. 1944)
1883 - Victor Hochepied, French swimmer (d. 1966)
1888 - Li Dazhao, Chinese intellectual (d. 1927)
1890 - Alfredo Ottaviani, Italian cardinal (d. 1979)
1891 – Fanny Brice, American comedienne (d. 1951)
1892 - Ottla Kafka, sister of Franz Kafka (d. 1943)
1892 - Wendy Wood, Scottish independence activist, artist, sculptor and painter (d. 1981)
1897 – Joseph Goebbels, Nazi Minister of Propaganda (d. 1945)
1899 – Akim Tamiroff, Russian-American actor (d. 1972)
1905 - Henry Green, English writer (d. 1973)
1906 - Fredric Brown, American science fiction and mystery writer (d. 1972)
1907 - Lotfia ElNady, Egyptian aviatrix (d. 2002)
1908 - Jimmy Simpson, Scottish footballer (d. 1972)
1910 – Alfred Jules Ayer, British philosopher (d. 1989)
1913 - Al Suomi, American ice hockey player (d. 2014)
1914 - Patriarch Maxim of Bulgaria (d. 2012)
1915 - William Berenberg, American physician (d. 2005)
1917 - Eddie Constantine, American actor and singer (d. 1993)
1917 - Harold Garfinkel, American sociologist (d. 2011)
1917 - Henry Carlsson, Swedish footballer (d. 1999)
1918 - Diana Serra Cary, American actress
1920 – Baruj Benacerraf, Venezuelan-born immunologist, Nobel Prize winner (d. 2011)
1922 - Neal Hefti, American jazz musician (d. 2008)
1923 - Carl Djerassi, Austrian-American chemist, novelist and playwright (d. 2015)
1923 - Gerda van der Kade-Koudijs, Dutch athlete (d. 2015)
1924 – Danielle Mitterrand, French activist and former First Lady of France (d. 2011)
1924 - Zbigniew Herbert, Polish writer (d. 1998)
1925 – Robert Hardy, English actor (d. 2017)
1925 - Klaus Roth, German-British mathematician (d. 2015)
1925 - Dominick Dunne, American journalist and author (d. 2009)
1925 - Zoot Sims, American jazz saxophonist (d. 1985)
1926 – Necmettin Erbakan, Turkish politician and former Prime Minister of Turkey (d. 2011)
1927 - Frank Sedgman, Australian tennis player
1929 - Yevgeny Primakov, Russian politician (d. 2015)
1930 - Bertha Brouwer, Dutch sprinter (d. 2006)
1930 - Niki de Saint Phalle, French sculptor and painter (d. 2002)
1930 - Omara Portuondo, Cuban singer and dancer
1931 - Franco Interlenghi, Italian actor (d. 2015)
1931 - Vaali, Indian actor, poet and songwriter (d. 2013)
1932 - Joyce Gould, Baroness Gould of Portnewton, English pharmacist and politician
1932 - Charlotte Knobloch, German actress
1932 - Ronald Kitaj, American artist (d. 2007)
1932 - Velma Barfield, American serial killer (d. 1984)
1933 - John Andrews, Australian-Canadian architect
1933 - Alex Wilson, Scottish footballer (d. 2010)
1934 - Richard, 6th Prince of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg, German nobleman (d. 2017)
1935 – Isao Takahata, Japanese animated movie director (d. 2018)
1936 - Akiko Kojima, Japanese model
1938 – Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, former President of Liberia, Nobel Peace Prize winner
1938 - Ralph Bakshi, American movie director
1938 - Wilbert McClure, American boxer
1940 - Connie Mack, United States Senator
1940 - Frida Boccara, French singer (d. 1996)
1941 - Paul Tyler, Baron Tyler, English politician
1942 - Bob Ross, American painter (d. 1995)
1943 - Wolfgang Kosack, German egyptologist
1943 - Don Simpson, American movie producer (d. 1996)
1944 - Denny Laine, British musician
1944 - Otto Wiesheu, German politician
1945 - Melba Moore, American singer
1946 – Peter Green, British musician (Fleetwood Mac) (d. 2020)
1947 - Thorsteinn Pálsson, former Prime Minister of Iceland
1947 – Richard Dreyfuss, American actor
1947 - Helen Coonan, Australian politician
1948 - Kate Jackson, American actress
1949 - James Williamson, American musician (The Stooges)
1950 - Rino Gaetano, Italian singer and musician (d. 1981)
1950 – Abdullah Gül, 11th President of Turkey
1951 - Dirk Kempthorne, 30th Governor of Idaho
1953 - Denis Potvin, American ice hockey player
1953 - Lorelei King, American voice actress
1954 - Hisao Sekiguchi, Japanese footballer
1955 - Roger O'Donnell, British musician (The Cure)
1955 – Kevin DuBrow, American rock singer (d. 2007)
1957 – Dan Castellaneta, American actor, voice of Homer Simpson
1958 - Stefan Dennis, Australian actor
1958 - David Remnick, American writer and editor
1959 - John Magufuli, 5th President of Tanzania (d. 2021)
1959 - Kuniharu Nakamoto, Japanese footballer
1960 - Fabiola Gianotti, Italian physicist
1961 - Joel Otto, American ice hockey player and coach
1961 – Randy Jackson, American musician
1962 - Einar Orn Benediktsson, Icelandic musician
1964 - Yasmin Le Bon, British model
1964 - Luciana Littizzetto, Italian actress
1966 - Ian Durrant, Scottish footballer
1967 - Rufus Sewell, British actor
1967 – Joely Fisher, American actress
1968 – Johann Olav Koss, Norwegian speed skater
1970 – Edwin van der Sar, Dutch footballer
1970 – Phillip Cocu, Dutch footballer
1971 - Chiara Badano, Italian teenager and saint (d. 1990)
1971 - Daniel J. Bernstein, German-American mathematician, professor and computer programmer
1971 – Matthew Hayden, Australian cricketer
1971 – Winona Ryder, American actress
1972 – Gabrielle Union, American actress
1973 - Masakiyo Maezono, Japanese footballer
1973 – Robert Pirès, French footballer
1974 - Alexandre Lopes, Brazilian footballer
1974 – Michael Vaughan, English cricketer
1975 - Kelly Lin, Chinese actress
1975 – Frank Baumann, German footballer
1976 - Stephen Craigan, Northern Irish footballer
1976 - Milena Govich, American actress
1977 - Brendan Fehr, American actor
1978 - Kelly Smith, English footballer
1980 - Ben Foster, American actor
1980 - Kaine Robertson, New Zealand-born Italian rugby player
1981 - Lene Alexandra, Norwegian singer and model
1981 - Amanda Beard, American swimmer
1981 - Ruslan Rotan, Ukrainian footballer
1981 - Reemma Sen, Indian actress
1982 - Chelan Simmons, Canadian actress
1983 - Johnny Lewis, American actor (d. 2012)
1984 - Chris Baio, American rock musician
1984 - Eric Staal, Canadian ice hockey player
1985 - Cal Crutchlow, British motorcycle racer
1985 - Janet Montgomery, English actress and dancer
1985 - Vijendar Singh, Indian boxer
1986 - Derek Theler, American actor and model
1987 - Tove Lo, Swedish singer
1987 - Makoto Ogawa, Japanese singer (Morning Musume)
1988 - Andy King, Welsh footballer
1988 - Kayne Vincent, New Zealand footballer
1990 - Amarna Miller, former Spanish porn actress, vlogger & YouTuber
1990 - Eric Saade, Swedish singer
1991 - Nikita Zaitsev, Russian ice hockey player
1993 – India Eisley, American actress
1998 - Lance Stross, Canadian racing driver
1038 - Aethelnoth, Archbishop of Canterbury
1138 - Boleslaw III Wrymouth, Polish prince (b. 1086)
1268 - Conradin, Italian King (b. 1252)
1268 - Frederick I, Margrave of Baden (b. 1249)
1321 - King Stephen Uros II Milutin of Serbia (b. 1253)
1618 – Walter Raleigh, English explorer and political figure (b. c. 1552)
1783 – Jean Le Rond d'Alembert, French mathematician (b. 1717)
1829 – Maria Anna Mozart, Austrian musician (b. 1751)
1873 - John of Saxony (b. 1801)
1877 – Nathan Bedford Forrest, American Confederate General (b. 1821)
1885 - George B. McClellan, American general and politician (b. 1826)
1889 - Nikolay Chernyshevsky, Russian writer, publicist, critic and revolutionary (b. 1828)
1897 – Henry George, American writer and politician (b. 1839)
1901 – Leon Czolgosz, assassin of William McKinley (b. 1873)
1911 – Joseph Pulitzer, Hungarian-American newspaper publisher (b. 1847)
1914 - Félix Bracquemond, French painter (b. 1833)
1916 - John Sebastian Little, 21st Governor of Arkansas (b. 1851)
1918 - Rudolf Tobias, Estonian composer (b. 1873)
1919 - Albert Benjamin Simpson, Canadian preacher, theologian and author (b. 1843)
1924 - Frances Hodgson Burnett, English-American playwright and author (b. 1849)
1932 - Joseph Rabinski, Polish-French neurologist (b. 1857)
1933 - Albert Calmette, French physician (b. 1863)
1933 - Paul Painlevé, French mathematician and politician, Prime Minister of France (b. 1853)
1936 - Ramiro de Maeztu, Spanish writer and political theorist (b. 1874)
1940 - Phan Boi Chau, Vietnamese activist (b. 1863)
1947 - Frances Folsom Cleveland, First Lady of the United States (b. 1864)
1950 – King Gustav V of Sweden (b. 1858)
1956 - Walter Evans Edge, Governor of New Jersey (b. 1873)
1957 – Rosemarie Nitribitt, German call girl and murder victim (b. 1933)
1957 – Louis B. Mayer, American movie producer (b. 1885)
1971 – Arne Tiselius, Swedish chemist (b. 1902)
1971 - Duane Allman, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1946)
1977 - Chiyonoyama Masanobu, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1926)
1980 - Giorgio Borg Olivier, 7th Prime Minister of Malta (b. 1911)
1981 - Georges Brassens, French singer-songwriter and poet (b. 1921)
1987 – Woody Herman, American musician (b. 1913)
1988 - Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay, Indian activist (b. 1903)
1991 - Mario Scelba, Prime Minister of Italy (b. 1901)
1995 – Terry Southern, American writer (b. 1924)
1997 – Anton LaVey, founder of the Church of Satan (b. 1930)
1997 - Andreas Gerasimos Michalitsianos, Greek-American astronomer and astrophysicist (b. 1947)
1998 - Paul Misraki, French composer (b. 1908)
2002 - Glenn McQueen, American animator (b. 1960)
2003 – Franco Corelli, Italian tenor (b. 1921)
2003 - Hal Clement, American science fiction writer (b. 1922)
2004 – Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester, British royal (b. 1901)
2004 – Edward Oliver LeBlanc, 1st Prime Minister of Dominica (b. 1923)
2009 - Norman Painting, British radio actor (b. 1924)
2011 – Jimmy Savile, British television personality and sexual abuser (b. 1926)
2012 - J. Bernlef, Dutch writer (b. 1937)
2012 - Albano Harguindeguy, Argentine general (b. 1927)
2014 - Klas Ingesson, Swedish footballer (b. 1968)
2015 - Ernesto Boy Herrera, Filipino politician (b. 1942)
2017 - Ninian Stephen, Governor-General of Australia (b. 1923)
2017 - Tony Madigan, Australian boxer and rugby player (b. 1930)
2017 - Dennis Banks, Native American teacher, activist and author (b. 1937)
2017 - Manfredi Nicoletti, Italian architect (b. 1930)
2017 - Linda Nochlin, American art historian and essayist (b. 1931)
2017 - Richard E. Cavazos, American army general (b. 1929)
2017 - Frank Holder, Guyanese jazz singer and percussionist (b. 1925)
2017 - Peter Schutz, German-born American businessman (b. 1930)
2018 - Lodi Gyari Rinpoche, Tibetan diplomat (b. 1949)
2019 - Gerald Baliles, American politician, Governor of Virginia (b. 1940)
2019 - John Witherspoon, American actor and comedian (b. 1942)
2021 - Ashley Mallett, Australian cricketer (b. 1945)
2021 - Clément Mouamba, Congolese politician (b. 1943)
2021 - Puneeth Rajkumar, Indian actor (b. 1975)
2021 - Rossano Rubicondi, Italian actor (b. 1972)
Coronation Day (Cambodia)
Republic Day (Turkey), to mark the declaration of the Republic by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk in 1923.
Cyrus the Great Day (Iran)
World Stroke Day
National Cat Day (United States)
362 – The temple of Apollo near Antioch is destroyed in a fire.
794 - Emperor Kanmu relocates the Japanese capital to Heiankyo (Kyoto).
1383 – A time of civil war began in Portugal when King Fernando dies without a male heir to the throne.
1575 - Founding of Aguascalientes, Mexico.
1633 - Battle of Southern Fujian Sea: The Ming Dynasty defeats the Dutch East India Company.
1707 - Scilly naval disaster: Four British Royal Navy ships run aground near the Isles of Scilly, off Cornwall, England, because of faulty navigation.
Over 1,600 sailors drown.
1740 - End of a two-week massacre of ethnic Chinese people in Batavia (present-day Jakarta) in present-day Indonesia (then the Dutch East Indies).
1746 – The College of New Jersey (later renamed Princeton University) is created.
1777 - American Revolutionary War: American defenders of Fort Mercer on the Delaware River repulse repeated Hessian attacks in the Battle of Red Bank.
1784 – Russia founds a colony on Kodiak Island, Alaska.
1797 – One thousand meters (3,200 feet) above Paris, Andre-Jacques Garnerin makes the first recorded parachute jump.
1836 – Sam Houston is becomes the first President of the Republic of Texas.
1844 – The Great Anticipation: The Millerites, followers of William Miller, expect the end of the World to occur on this date.
The following day is referred to as the 'Great Disappointment'.
1859 - Spain declares war on Morocco.
1875 - First telegraphic connection in Argentina.
1877 – A mining disaster in Blantyre, South Lanarkshire, Scotland, kills 215 people.
1878 – The first rugby match under floodlights takes place in Salford, between Broughton and Swinton.
1883 - The Metropolitan Opera House in New York City opens with a performance by Charles Gounod's Faust.
1895 - In Paris, an express train derails after overrunning the buffer stop, crossing almost 30 meters of concourse, before crashing through a wall and falling 10 meters on the road below.
1910 - Hawley Harvey Crippen is found guilty at the Old Bailey in London of poisoning his wife, and is subsequently hanged at Pentonville Prison.
1923 - A royalist coup d'état fails in Greece.
1927 - Nikola Tesla introduces six new inventions including a motor with one-phase electricity.
1941 - World War II: French resistance member Guy Moquet and 29 others are executed by the German in retaliation for the death of a German officer.
1943 - World War II: in the second firestorm raid on Germany, the Royal Air Force conducts and air raid on the city of Kassel in the current state of Hesse.
10,000 people are killed.
1948 - Walter Ulbricht declares the Oder-Neisse Line to be the border between East Germany and Poland.
1957 – Vietnam War: First American soldier to die in Vietnam.
1962 – Cuban Missile Crisis: US President John F. Kennedy says that American spy planes have found Soviet nuclear weapons in Cuba, and that he has ordered a naval "quarantine" of the island nation.
1964 – Jean-Paul Sartre is awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, but turns down the honor.
1964 – Canada: A Multi-Party Parliamentary Committee choses the design which becomes the new official Flag of Canada.
1966 - The Soviet Union launches the Luna 12 probe.
1968 – Apollo program: Apollo 7 safely splashes down in the Atlantic Ocean after orbiting the Earth 163 times.
1968 – Hard rock band Led Zeppelin release the classic album Led Zeppelin II, featuring the hit single "Whole Lotta Love."
1975 – The Soviet unmanned space probe Venera 9 lands on Venus.
1978 - Inauguration of Pope John Paul II.
1999 – Maurice Papon, a French Vichy Government official in World War II, is jailed for Crimes against Humanity.
2005 – Tropical Storm Alpha forms in the Atlantic Basin, making the 2005 Atlantic Hurricane Season the most active on record.
2006 – An expansion plan for the Panama Canal is approved in a referendum in Panama.
2007 - Raid on Anuradhapura Air Force Base is carried out by 21 commandos of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam.
All except one die in this attack.
Eight Sri Lanka Air Force planes are destroyed and 10 are damaged.
2008 - India launches its first unmanned lunar mission Chandrayaan-1.
2014 - 2014 shootings at Parliament Hill, Ottawa.
2015 - An attacker kills two people with a sword at a school in Trollhattan, Western Sweden, before being shot dead by police.
2017 - The Liberal Democratic Party under Shinzo Abe wins early parliamentary elections in Japan.
2019 - Abortion and same-sex marriage become legal in Northern Ireland after the deadline for the return of the Assembly at Stormont at Belfast is missed; the two laws had been voted for by the House of Commons of the United Kingdom because of the Assembly's absence.
2019 - The official enthronement ceremony for Emperor Naruhito of Japan is held.
1071 - William IX, Duke of Aquitaine (d. 1126)
1179 – Emperor Juntoku of Japan (d. 1242)
1511 - Erasmus Reinhold, German astronomer and mathematician (d. 1553)
1587 - Joachim Jung, German philosopher and mathematician (d. 1657)
1659 - Georg Ernst Stahl, German chemist and physician (d. 1734)
1688 – Nader Shah of Persia (d. 1747)
1689 – King John V of Portugal (d. 1750)
1701 – Maria Amalia of Austria, Holy Roman Empress (d. 1756)
1708 - Frederic Louis Norden, Danish naval captain and explorer (d. 1742)
1729 - Johann Reinhold Forster, German pastor and botanist (d. 1798)
1734 – Daniel Boone, American pioneer (d. 1820) (November 2 in the Gregorian calendar)
1811 – Franz Liszt, Hungarian composer (d. 1886)
1818 - Leconte de Lisle, French poet and author (d. 1894)
1844 – Sarah Bernhardt, French actress (d. 1923)
1844 - Louis Riel, Canadian political activist (d. 1885)
1858 – Augusta Viktoria of Schleswig-Holstein, German Empress (d. 1921)
1865 – Paul Raud, Estonian painter (d. 1930)
1870 – Ivan Bunin, Russian writer (d. 1953)
1870 - Alfred Douglas, English author and poet (d. 1945)
1872 - Alessio Ascalesi, Italian cardinal (d. 1952)
1873 - Gustaf John Ramstedt, Finnish linguist and diplomat (d. 1950)
1873 - Rama Tirtha, Indian philosopher and educator (d. 1906)
1875 - Harriet Chalmers Adams, American explorer, journalist and photographer (d. 1937)
1878 - Jaan Lattik, Estonian politician (d. 1967)
1881 – Clinton Davisson, American physicist (d. 1958)
1881 - Karl Bernhard Zoeppritz, German geophysicist (d. 1908)
1882 - Edmund Dulac, French painter (d. 1953)
1882 – Newell Convers Wyeth, American painter (d. 1945)
1885 - Giovanni Martinelli, Italian tenor (d. 1969)
1887 - John Reed, American journalist, poet, socialist and activist (d. 1920)
1893 – Ernst Opik, Estonian astronomer (d. 1985)
1894 - Mei Lanfang, Chinese opera singer (d. 1961)
1896 - Earle C. Clements, American politician, Governor of Kentucky (d. 1985)
1896 - Charles Glen King, American biochemist (d. 1988)
1900 - Ashfaqulla Khan, Indian activist (d. 1927)
1903 – George Wells Beadle, American geneticist (d. 1989)
1903 - Curly Howard, American actor and singer (d. 1952)
1904 – Constance Bennett, American actress (d. 1965)
1907 - Emilie Schindler, German activist (d. 2001)
1907 - Jimmie Foxx, American baseball player, coach and manager (d. 1967)
1912 - George N. Leighton, American chess player and judge (d. 2018)
1913 – Bao Dai, Vietnamese Emperor (d. 1997)
1913 – Robert Capa, American photographer (d. 1954)
1915 - Yitzhak Shamir, 7th Prime Minister of Israel (d. 2012)
1917 – Joan Fontaine, Japan-born British-American actress (d. 2013)
1919 – Doris Lessing, British writer (d. 2013)
1920 – Timothy Leary, American writer and psychologist (d. 1996)
1921 – Georges Brassens, French singer and songwriter (d. 1981)
1921 - Alexander Kronrod, Russian mathematician and computer scientist (d. 1986)
1921 - Harald Nugiseks, Estonian soldier (d. 2014)
1923 – Bert Trautmann, German footballer (d. 2013)
1925 - Slater Martin, American basketball player (d. 2012)
1925 - Robert Rauschenberg, American painter and illustrator (d. 2008)
1928 - Nelson Pereira dos Santos, Brazilian movie director (d. 2018)
1929 - Michael Birkett, British movie producer
1929 – Lev Yashin, Soviet-Russian footballer (d. 1990)
1931 - Ann Rule, American writer (d. 2015)
1932 - Donald McIntyre, New Zealand operatic bass baritone
1933 - Helmut Senekowitsch, Austrian footballer and manager (d. 2007)
1936 - John Blashford Snell, English soldier and politician
1938 - Alan Gilzean, Scottish footballer (d. 2018)
1938 – Christopher Lloyd, American actor
1938 – Derek Jacobi, English actor
1939 – Joaquim Chissano, former President of Mozambique
1939 - George Cohen, English footballer
1941 - Charles Keating, English-American actor (d. 2014)
1942 - Count Christian of Rosenborg, Danish royal (d. 2013)
1942 - Annette Funicello, American actress and singer (d. 2013)
1942 - Bruno Buchberger, Austrian mathematician
1943 – Catherine Deneuve, French actress
1943 - Wolfgang Thierse, German politician
1943 - Annamaria Cancellieri, Italian politician
1946 - Deepak Chopra, Indian-American physician and author
1946 - Kelvin MacKenzie, English journalist
1947 - Haley Barbour, American politician, 63rd Governor of Mississippi
1947 - Godfrey Chitalu, Zambian footballer (d. 1993)
1948 - Lynette Fromme, American attempted assassin of Gerald Ford
1948 - Paola Severino, Italian lawyer and politician
1949 – Stiv Bators, American musician (d. 1990)
1949 – Arsène Wenger, French footballer and manager
1949 - Butch Goring, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
1949 - Vasilios Magginas, Greek politician (d. 2015)
1949 - John Shadegg, American politician
1950 - Donald Ramotar, 7th President of Guyana
1951 - William David Sanders, American educator (d. 1999)
1952 – Jeff Goldblum, American actor
1952 - Dennis "Fly" Amero, American singer-songwriter, guitarist and musician (Orleans)
1954 - Graham Joyce, British writer (d. 2014)
1959 - Todd Graff, American actor, director and writer
1959 - Marc Shaiman, American composer
1961 - Dietmar Woidke, German politician
1962 - Bob Odenkirk, American actor, director, producer and screenwriter
1964 – Craig Levein, Scottish footballer and manager
1965 - John Wesley Harding, English singer-songwriter
1965 - A. L. Kennedy, Scottish writer and comedienne
1966 - Valeria Golino, Italian actress
1967 – Ulrike Maier, Austrian skier (d. 1994)
1967 - Salvatore Di Vittorio, Italian composer and conductor
1967 - Carlos Mencia, Honduran-American comedian, actor, producer and screenwriter
1967 - Oona King, English politician
1968 – Shaggy, Jamaican rapper and musician
1968 - Jay Johnston, American actor, producer and screenwriter
1968 - Jimmy Schulz, German businessman and politician (d. 2019)
1969 - Spike Jonze, American director and producer
1969 - Helmut Lotti, Belgian singer
1970 – Amy Redford, American actress, director and producer
1972 – Saffron Burrows, English actress
1973 – Ichiro Suzuki, Japanese baseball player
1975 – Michel Salgado, Spanish footballer
1975 - Jesse Tyler Ferguson, American actor and singer
1978 – Chaswe Nsofwa, Zambian footballer (d. 2007)
1978 – Dion Glover, American basketball player
1979 – Doni, Brazilian footballer
1980 – Luke O'Donnell, Australian rugby player
1983 – Plan B, English rapper, singer, musician and actor
1984 – Horacio Agullo, Argentine rugby player
1985 – Zac Hanson, American singer-songwriter and musician (Hanson)
1985 – Hadise, Belgian-Turkish singer
1985 – Deontay Wilder, American boxer
1986 – Stefan Radu, Romanian footballer
1986 – Kara Lang, Canadian footballer
1987 – Tiki Gelana, Ethiopian long-distance runner
1988 - Mikkel Hansen, Danish handball player
1988 – Parineeti Chopra, Indian actress and model
1988 – Sharon Rooney, Scottish actress
1988 – Kesha Wizzart, English singer (d. 2007)
1990 – Jonathan Lipnicki, American actor
1990 – Paul McGinn, Scottish footballer
1991 - Levi Sherwood, New Zealand motocross racer
1992 – 21 Savage, British-born rapper
1992 – Sofia Vassilieva, American actress
1995 – Stevie Lynn Jones, American actress
1998 - Harry Souttar, Scottish-Australian footballer
741 – Charles Martel, leader of the Franks (b. 686)
1383 – King Fernando I of Portugal (b. 1345)
1625 - Kikkawa Hiroie, Japanese daimyo (b. 1561)
1708 - Hermann Witsius, Dutch theologian (b. 1636)
1751 – William IV, Prince of Orange (b. 1711)
1792 - Guillaume Gentil, French astronomer (b. 1725)
1818 - Johann Heinrich Campe, German journalist and editor (b. 1746)
1847 - Sahle Selassie, Ethiopian royal (b. 1795)
1853 - Juan Antonio Lavalleja, President of Uruguay (b. 1784)
1859 – Louis Spohr, German violinist and composer (b. 1784)
1906 – Paul Cézanne, French painter (b. 1839)
1914 - Konishiki Yasokichi I, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1866)
1917 - Bob Fitzsimmons, English-American boxer (b. 1863)
1918 - Myrtle Gonzalez, American actress (b. 1891)
1928 – Andrew Fisher, fifth Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1862)
1935 – Komitas Vardapet, Armenian musician and composer (b. 1869)
1946 - Phillips Lee Goldsborough, American politician, Governor of Maryland (b. 1865)
1952 - Ernst Rüdin, Swiss psychiatrist, geneticist and eugenicist (b. 1874)
1953 - Albert Meyer, Swiss politician (b. 1870)
1956 - Hannah Mitchell, English activist (b. 1872)
1965 - Paul Tillich, German theologian (b. 1886)
1973 - Pablo Casals, Catalan cellist and conductor (b. 1876)
1975 - Arnold J. Toynbee, British politician and historian (b. 1889)
1979 – Nadia Boulanger, French composer (b. 1887)
1986 – Albert Szent-Györgyi de Nagyrápolt, Hungarian scientist, won the 1937 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1893)
1986 - Ye Jianying, Chinese general and politician (b. 1897)
1987 – Lino Ventura, Italian actor (b. 1919)
1989 - Ewan MacColl, British singer-songwriter, producer, actor and playwright (b. 1915)
1990 - Louis Althusser, French philosopher (b. 1918)
1995 – Sir Kingsley Amis, English writer (b. 1922)
1995 - Mary Wickes, American actress (b. 1910)
1997 – Leonid Amalrik, Russian animator (b. 1905)
2002 – Countess Geraldine Appónyi de Nagy-Appónyi, Hungarian-born Queen of Albania (b. 1915)
2002 - Richard Helms, American intelligence agent and diplomat (b. 1913)
2006 – Choi Kyu-ha, President of South Korea (b. 1919)
2007 – Eve Curie, French writer (b. 1904)
2009 – Soupy Sales, American comedian and television personality (b. 1926)
2011 – Sultan bin Abdul-Aziz Al Saud, Crown prince of Saudi Arabia (b. 1928)
2012 - Russell Means, American actor and activist (b. 1939)
2012 - Shubha Phutela, Indian actress (b. 1991)
2014 - John-Roger Hinkins, American author and public speaker (b. 1934)
2014 - Deaths in the 2014 shootings at Parliament Hill, Ottawa:
Nathan Cirillo, Canadian soldier (b. 1989)
Michael Zehaf-Bibeau, Canadian murderer (b. 1982)
2015 - Willem Aantjes, Dutch politician (b. 1923)
2015 - Arnold Klein, American dermatologist (b. 1945)
2015 - Mark Murphy, American jazz singer (b. 1932)
2017 - Al Hurricane, American singer-songwriter and musician (b. 1936)
2017 - Scott Putesky, American musician (b. 1968)
2017 - George Young, Scottish-Australian singer-songwriter and musician (b. 1946)
2017 - Atle Hammer, Norwegian jazz trumpeter (b. 1932)
2018 - Horacio Cardo, Argentine painter and illustrator (b. 1944)
2018 - Boris Kokorev, Russian pistol shooter (b. 1959)
2018 - Friedrich Ostermann, German Roman Catholic prelate (b. 1932)
2018 - Eugene H. Peterson, American clergyman and biblical scholar (b. 1932)
2018 - Robert Saladrigas, Spanish writer, journalist and critic (b. 1940)
2018 - José Varacka, Argentine footballer (b. 1932)
2019 - Manfred Bruns, German lawyer and LGBTQ activist (b. 1934)
2019 - Vicki Ann Funk, American botanist and researcher (b. 1947)
2019 - Til Gardeniers-Berendsen, Dutch politician (b. 1925)
2019 - Gustav Gerneth, German supercentenarian (b. 1905)
2019 - Ole Hervik Laub, Danish novelist (b. 1937)
2019 - Raymond Leppard, British-American conductor and composer (b. 1927)
2019 - Sadako Ogata, Japanese diplomat (b. 1927)
2019 - Rolando Panerai, Italian baritone singer (b. 1924)
2019 - Miguel Saiz, Uruguayan-Argentine politician (b. 1949)
2019 - Marieke Vervoort, Belgian wheelchair racer and Paralympic athlete (b. 1979)
2019 - Jo Ann Zimmerman, American politician, Lieutenant Governor of Iowa (b. 1936)
Roman Catholic Feast Day for Pope John Paul II
International Stuttering Awareness Day
533 – Byzantine general Belisarius makes his formal entry into Carthage, having conquered it from the Vandals.
1066 - After the Battle of Hastings, Edgar the AEtheling is proclaimed King of England, but is never crowned.
1529 - The Siege of Vienna ends, as the Austrians defeat the invading Ottoman Turks.
1552 – Khanate of Kazan is conquered by troops of Ivan Grozny.
1582 – Pope Gregory XIII implements the Gregorian Calendar.
In Italy, Poland, Portugal, and Spain, October 4 of this year is followed directly by October 15.
1764 – Edward Gibbon observes a group of friars singing in the ruined Temple of Jupiter in Rome, which inspires him to begin work on The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire.
1783 - The Montgolfier brothers' hot-air balloon marks the first human flight in this mode of transport, by Jean-Jacques Pilatre de Rozier.
1793 – Marie Antoinette is sentenced to death, being executed the next day.
1815 – Napoleon I of France begins his exile on St. Helena in the Atlantic Ocean.
1863 – American Civil War: The first successful submarine, the CSS Hunley sinks during a test, killing its inventor.
1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Glasgow, Glasgow, Missouri.
The town surrenders its garrison to the Confederacy.
1878 – The Edison Electric Company begins operation.
1880 – Mexican soldiers kill Victorio, one of the greatest Apache military strategists.
1883 – The Supreme Court of the United States declares part of the Civil Rights Act of 1875 to be unconstitutional.
1888 - Investigators receives the "From Hell" letter, believed to have been written by the unidentified serial killer known as Jack the Ripper.
1894 – Alfred Dreyfus is arrested for spying – Dreyfus affair begins.
1904 – The Russian Baltic Fleet leaves Reval, Estonia for Port Arthur, Manchuria during the Russo-Japanese War.
1917 – World War I: At Vincennes outside of Paris, Dutch dancer Mata Hari is executed by firing squad for spying for Germany.
1928 - Airship Graf Zeppelin completes its first flight across the Atlantic Ocean when it lands at Lakehurst, New Jersey.
1932 – Tata Airlines (later to become Air India) makes its first flight.
1934 - The Soviet Republic of China collapses.
1939 – The New York Municipal Airport (later renamed La Guardia Airport) is dedicated.
1940 – The Great Dictator, a satiric social commentary movie by and starring Charlie Chaplin, is released.
1944 - The Arrow Cross Party, allied to Adolf Hitler's Nazi Party, takes power in Hungary.
1945 – World War II: Former premier of Vichy France, Pierre Laval, is executed by firing squad for treason.
1946 – Nuremberg Trials: Founder of the Gestapo and recently convicted Nazi war criminal, Hermann Göring, poisons himself hours before his scheduled execution.
1951 – Television sitcom I Love Lucy premieres.
1953 – British nuclear test Totem 1 detonated at Emu Field, South Australia.
1954 - Hurricane Hazel strikes the eastern United States, killing 95 people.
1956 - Fortran, the first modern computer language, is first shared in the coding community.
1962 – Cuban Missile Crisis: A stand-off ensues between the United States and the Soviet Union over Soviet nuclear weapons in Cuba.
1963 - German Federal Chancellor Konrad Adenauer officially resigns.
1965 – Vietnam War: The National Coordinating Committee to End the War in Vietnam stages the first public burning of a draft card in the United States.
1966 – US President Lyndon B. Johnson signs a bill creating the United States Department of Transportation.
1969 – Vietnam War: Hundreds of thousands of people take part in National Moratorium antiwar demonstrations across the United States.
1970 – Thirty-five construction workers are killed when a section of the new West Gate Bridge in Melbourne collapses.
1979 - A military junta takes over in El Salvador, after the overthrow of President Carlos Humberto Romero.
1981 – Professional cheerleader Krazy George Henderson leads what is thought to be the first audience wave in Oakland, California.
1982 - The first 400-year cycle of the Gregorian calendar ends.
This date is therefore on exactly the same week-day as the same date in 1582 (the day it was first introduced).
1987 – The Great Storm of 1987 hits France and England in the night to October 16.
1989 – Wayne Gretzky becomes the all-time leading points scorer in the NHL.
1990 – Soviet Union leader Mikhail Gorbachev is given the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to lessen Cold War tensions and open up his nation.
1991 – Following a bitter confirmation hearing that involved allegations of sexual misconduct, the United States Senate votes to confirm Judge Clarence Thomas to the Supreme Court of the United States.
1992 – In Russia, Andrei Chikatilo is found guilty of 52 serial murders.
1993 - Nelson Mandela and F. W. de Klerk win the Nobel Peace Prize.
1995 – Saddam Hussein gains 99.96% of votes in Iraq's presidential elections.
1997 – The first supersonic land speed record is set by the ThrustSSC team from the United Kingdom.
1997 – The Cassini probe launches from Cape Canaveral, Florida on its way to Saturn.
2001 – NASA's Galileo spacecraft passes within 112 miles of Jupiter's moon Io.
2003 – China launches Shenzhou 5, their first manned space mission.
2003 – Ilham Aliyev becomes President of Azerbaijan succeeding his father Heydar Aliyev.
2006 - The first Lusophone Games, for countries and territories speaking the Portuguese language, end in Macao.
2008 – The Dow Jones Industrial Average drops by 733.08 points in a single day.
2011 – Occupy Wall Street Campaign: In 951 cities in 82 countries, people protest against economic mismanagement.
2012 - British Prime Minister David Cameron and Scottish First Minister Alex Salmond sign a deal on the terms and conditions of the referendum on Scottish independence, due to be held on September 18, 2014.
2013 - A magnitude 7.2 earthquake strikes the Philippines, killing at least 215 people.
2016 - 150 nations meeting at the UNEP summit in Kigali, Rwanda, agree to slowly get rid of hydrofluorocarbons.
70 BC – Virgil, Roman poet (d. 19 BC)
1265 - Temur Khan, Emperor Chengzong of Yuan-China (d. 1307)
1471 – Konrad Mutian, German humanist (d. 1526)
1542 - Akbar the Great, Mughal Emperor of India (d. 1605)
1607 - Madeleine de Scudéry, French writer (d. 1701)
1608 – Evangelista Torricelli, Italian physicist (d. 1647)
1686 - Allan Ramsay, Scottish poet (d. 1758)
1701 - Marie-Marguerite d'Youville, Canadian nun and saint (d. 1771)
1711 - Elisabeth Teresa of Lorraine, Queen of Sardinia (d. 1741)
1762 - Samuel Adams Holyoake, American composer (d. 1820)
1784 - Thomas Robert Bugeaud, Marshal of France (d. 1849)
1785 – José Miguel Carrera, Chilean general (d. 1821)
1795 – Frederick William IV of Prussia (d. 1861)
1801 - Seabury Ford, 20th Governor of Ohio (d. 1855)
1802 - Louis-Eugene de Cavaignac, French general (d. 1857)
1814 – Mikhail Lermontov, Russian writer (d. 1841)
1818 - Alexander Dreyschock, Bohemian composer (d. 1869)
1825 – Marie of Prussia (d. 1889)
1829 – Asaph Hall, American astronomer (d. 1907)
1831 - Horace Austin, Governor of Minnesota (d. 1905)
1836 – James Tissot, French artist (d. 1902)
1840 - August Mau, German archaeologist (d. 1909)
1844 – Friedrich Nietzsche, German philosopher (d. 1900)
1852 - Yamamoto Gonnohyoe, Japanese admiral and politician (d. 1933)
1858 – John L. Sullivan, boxing champion (d. 1918)
1869 - Francisco Largo Caballero, Spanish politician (d. 1946)
1872 – Wilhelm Miklas, President of Austria (d. 1956)
1872 - August Nilsson, Swedish athlete (d. 1921)
1872 - Edith Wilson, First Lady of the United States (d. 1961)
1874 - Alfred, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (d. 1899)