the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
She also thinks that it is bad to drink cow's milk, people should eat fruit but not drink fruit juices, and drink only water.
When she turned 100, she did not want cake because it had too much sugar in it.
She turned 110 in 2008, becoming a rare case of a supercentenarian who had been known for reasons other than her age.
Keenlyside, Barbara. "
Dr. Leila Denmark's secret: Love what you do."
Atlanta Business Chronicle, 24 July, 1998.
Meyer, M.D., Charles R. "The Graying Physician". '
MMA Publications', August 2006.
Report on Leila Denmark's supercentenarian status
Scientists from Georgia (U.S. state)
The dhow is a type of boat.
It is Middle Eastern in make.
The boat is a popular type of transport along the Nile river.
The dhow is normally small with a big sail.
Sarah Siddons (5 July 1755 – 8 June 1831) was a Welsh actress.
She was the best-known actress who played tragedies of the 18th century.
She was the older sister of John Philip Kemble, Charles Kemble, Stephen Kemble, Ann Hatton and Elizabeth Whitlock.
She is very famous for the way she played the Shakespearean character Lady Macbeth.
She grew to liking the character Lady Macbeth very much.
She was born Sarah Kemble in Brecon, Brecknockshire, Wales.
She was the oldest daughter of Roger Kemble, an actor and manager.
He travelled around with his company, which included most members of his family,  and Sarah "Sally" Ward.
Acting was only just becoming a respectable profession for a woman.
At first, her parents did not like the fact that she had chosen to become an actress.
In 1774, Siddons had her first success as Belvidera in Thomas Otway's Venice Preserved.
Because of this role, David Garrick noticed her.
Garrick later sent someone to see her act as Calista in Thomas Rowe's Fair Penitent.
After this, she was engaged to appear at Drury Lane.
She was inexperienced.
Because of this, and other factors, her first appearances as Portia in the play The Merchant of Venice and in other parts were not well received.
She received a note from the manager of Drury Lane saying that her services would not be required.
She was, in her own words :
In 1777, she went to play in the provinces.
For the next six years she worked in provincial companies, in particular those in York and Bath.
Her fame grew.
Her next Drury Lane appearance on 10 October 1782 was very different.
She was an immediate sensation playing the title role in Garrick's adaptation of a play by Thomas Southerne, Isabella, or, The Fatal Marriage.
Her most famous role was that of Lady Macbeth.
Because she was very good at expressing emotion when she acted Lady Macbeth'''s murderous passions she could captivate her audience.
Lady Macbeth was the play best adapted to her acting.
She was tall and had a striking figure, brilliant beauty, powerfully expressive eyes, and solemn dignity of demeanour.
This allowed her to claim the character as her own.
After Lady Macbeth she played Desdemona in Othello, Rosalind in As You Like It, Ophelia and Volumnia, all with great success.
In Queen Catherine she discovered a role that was almost as well adapted to her acting powers as that of Lady Macbeth.
It was the beginning of twenty years in which she was the queen of Drury Lane.
Her celebrity status has been called "mythical" and "monumental".
By "the mid-1780s Siddons was established as a cultural icon."
She mixed with the literary and social elites of London society.
She knew people like  Samuel Johnson, Edmund Burke,  Hester Thrale Piozzi, and William Windham.
In 1802 she left Drury Lane.
She then appeared on the stage of a rival theatre, Covent Garden, from time to time.
It was there, on 29 June 1812, that she gave perhaps the most extraordinary farewell performance in theatre history.
She was playing her most famous role, Lady Macbeth, and the audience refused to allow the play to continue after the end of the sleepwalking scene.
Eventually, after tumultuous applause from the pit, the curtain reopened and Siddons was discovered sitting in her own clothes and character - whereupon she made an emotional farewell speech to the audience lasting eight minutes.
Mrs Siddons formally retired from the stage in 1812, but continued to appear on special occasions.
Her last appearance was on 9 June 1819 as Lady Randolph in John Home's Douglas.
In 1773, at the age of 18, she married William Siddons, an actor.
She was less lucky with her family.
She had seven children but five of them died.
Her marriage to William Siddons was the cause of many problems.
They could not divorce, but they separated, and lived in different places.
Sarah Siddons died in 1831 in London.
She is buried in Saint Mary's Cemetery at Paddington Green.
Reynolds portrait
In 1950, Joseph Mankiewicz saw the portrait and decided that it would provide the setting for the opening scene of All About Eve.
The scene opened in the ballroom of the then fictitious Sarah Siddons Society.
The occasion is the presentation of the Sarah Siddons award statuette, modeled on Sarah Siddons as the Tragic Muse.
In the climactic party scene, the painting is prominently displayed between Bette Davis and Marilyn Monroe.
The portrait also presides over the final scene when Anne Baxter moves past it.
At the time of the release of All About Eve, The Sarah Siddons Award was a purely fictitious award.
However, there now exists the American Sarah Siddons Award for dramatic achievement in theatre: a genuine and prestigious award, named in honor of Siddons.
The award is given annually in Chicago by the "Sarah Siddons Society."
The London Underground had an electric locomotive built by Vickers named after her.
Used on the Metropolitan Line, No.
12 lasted along with other locomotives, until 1961.
Painted a maroon colour, she is now the only one of twenty locomotives to remain preserved in working order.
Kemble family
Seewald, Jan: Theatrical Sculpture.
Skulptierte Bildnisse berühmter englischer Schauspieler (1750–1850), insbesondere David Garrick und Sarah Siddons.
Herbert Utz Verlag, München 2007,
Shaughnessy, Robert. “
Siddons, Sarah (1755–1831).”
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography''.
H. C. G. Matthew and Brian Harrison.
Oxford: OUP, 2004.
Online ed.
Lawrence Goldman.
16 Dec. 2006.
The Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki were nuclear attacks on the Empire of Japan during World War II (WWII).
The United States and the Allies were fighting against Japan and slowly winning.
Two nuclear weapons were dropped on Japan, one on the city of Hiroshima and the other on the city of Nagasaki.
The generals wanted to bomb Kokura instead of Nagasaki, but it was too cloudy over Kokura that day.
U.S. President Harry S. Truman ordered these attacks on August 6 and 9, 1945.
This was near the end of WWII.
The atomic bombs had been created through the Manhattan Project.
They created two bombs.
The first bomb was called Little Boy, and was to be dropped on Hiroshima, and the second bomb was called Fat Man, and was to be dropped on Nagasaki.
Nuclear bombs are much more powerful than other bombs.
Six days after the explosion over Nagasaki, and after the Soviet invasion of Manchukuo, Japan surrendered to the Allied Powers on August 15.
Japan signed the surrender paper on September 2.
This officially ended the Pacific War and World War II.
Hiroshima and Nagasaki were chosen for several reasons.
First, both cities were unsuitable for firebombing, mainly due to the river deltas preventing firestorms from being very effective.
Second, both cities had areas which provided a good measurement for damage caused by the nuclear bombs.
Third and finally, both cities contained strategic personnel and installations; Hiroshima was the headquarters of the 2nd General Army and 5th Division with 40,000 Japanese combatants stationed within the city's limit, and Nagasaki contained two large Mitsubishi armament factories and many other medium-to-small workshops and plants providing vital war components for Japan's war machine.
Several other cities were selected for similar reasons and some of those were rejected due to bad weather.
As with other Japanese cities, these targets were mixed in with civilian homes, schools, and temples.
Sources said that at least 54% of the deaths in Hiroshima were combatants and slave laborers while 72% of the deaths in Nagasaki were war industry employees and slave laborers, however these figures at various points mix soldiers, enslaved POWs and victims of Japanese occupations and do not necessarily correspond to the overall population of the cities and the overall casualties
Many say that the atomic bombs actually saved many lives in the long run because it prevented the invasion of Japan.
However, Japan had lost a huge part of its food resources and the majority of its navy.
Many of these people suggest that Japan may have lacked the strength to carry out major fighting.
US military commanders made statements during and immediately after 1945 that they believed Japan was effectively defeated prior to the dropping of the bomb.
Before the bombs, Japan offered to surrender, on condition that their leaders had to stay in charge.
America said the Emperor of Japan leader could stay in power, but the Japanese had to take orders from American soldiers placed in Japan, making it an occupied territory.
More people would have been killed in a full battle in Japan.
Some give different guesses of deaths in an invasion and deaths by the atomic bombs, and say that the bombings were not necessary.
People still argue about this.
No nuclear weapon has ever been used against a target since August 9, 1945.
The decision to use nuclear weapons on Japan was made after an analysis showed that more than a million people—combatants and civilians of both nations—would die if Japan was invaded by Allied forces.
The nuclear bombings, while shocking and unprecedented, actually paled in comparison with the Operation Meetinghouse firebombing of Tokyo on March 9/10, 1945, which killed 100,000 civilians and destroyed 16 square miles in a single night.
Doing nothing or waiting for surrender was not an option because hundreds of thousands of combatants, civilians, and prisoners of war were dying each month in the territories of the Empire of Japan.
Partly because of the atomic bombings, Japan adopted the Three Non-Nuclear Principles after the war.
These principles said that Japan could not create or try to get nuclear weapons.
A scientist Albert Einstein wrote a letter about the atomic bomb on August 2, 1939.
But he said later, "I made one great mistake in my life, when I signed a letter to President Roosevelt recommending that atom bombs be made."
Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum  Peace Database
The Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki at atomicarchive.com
Sir William Schwenck Gilbert (18 November 1836 – 29 May 1911) was an English dramatist, librettist, poet and illustrator.
He is best known for the comic operas (or operettas) that he wrote with Sir Arthur Sullivan.
Gilbert worked in the civil service for a few years, but he did not like it.
He studied law and became a lawyer, but not many people hired him.
To make more money, he wrote short stories and comic poems for magazines.
He also worked as a theatre critic.
Gilbert made drawings for some of his poems and signed them "Bab", a nickname he had when he was a baby.
Those poems became known as "The Bab Ballads" and were very popular.
In the 1860s Gilbert started writing plays.
At first he wrote parodies of other writers' plays and operas, but soon he developed his own way of writing.
Gilbert wrote many plays; most of them are not performed anymore, but Engaged (1877), about a man who proposes marriage to every woman he meets, is still performed.
In 1871 Gilbert started working with Sullivan.
They wrote fourteen comic operas together; Gilbert wrote the words and Sullivan wrote the music.
Their fourth opera, H.M.S. Pinafore (1878), made the team of "Gilbert and Sullivan" famous all over the English-speaking world.
Besides Pinafore, their best-known operas are The Pirates of Penzance (1879) and The Mikado (1885).
The Gilbert and Sullivan operas are still performed very often, by opera companies, theatre companies, and groups in schools and colleges.
Gilbert and Sullivan sometimes argued about what to write and how to write it, but they worked together for 25 years, from 1871 to 1896.
When they were angry with each other, they wrote operas with other people, but those operas did not make as much money as the operas they wrote together.
When Sullivan died in 1900, Gilbert stopped writing operas.
Gilbert directed his own plays and operas.
He wanted the actors to talk in a natural way, and not shout as if they were giving a speech to a big crowd.
Gilbert's ideas helped other playwrights, like Oscar Wilde and George Bernard Shaw, to make their plays more real.
The Mummy: Tomb of the Dragon Emperor is a 2008 American adventure movie.
It is a sequel to  The Mummy and The Mummy Returns.
It was released on August 1, 2008 in the United States.
Jet Li is in the movie also.
Critics ideas
Most critics said the movie is bad.
Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times liked it as "plain dumb fun."
The Borough of Congleton (or Congleton Borough) is in Cheshire, England.
The towns of Alsager, Congleton, Middlewich and Sandbach are in the Borough.
It is part of the second tier of local government, the Borough will be replaced by Cheshire East in April 2009.
The percentage of people of each religion in  the borough.
Christian: 81.46%
Muslim: 0.17%
Buddhist: 0.12%
Hindu: 0.11%
Jewish: 0.06%
Sikh: 0.04%
Other religions: 0.16%
No religion: 11.46%
Religion not stated: 6.43%
Naltar Pass is a mountain pass to the north of Shani Peak in Naltar Valley in Pakistan.
The pass lies west of Chaprot Pass and east of Hayal Pass.
Shangla Pass is a mountain pass in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
It connects Upper Swat with Lower Swat.
Diphu Pass is a path through the mountains where the borders of the People's Republic of China, India and Myanmar meet.
Diphu Pass is a strategic route to southern South Tibet.
Satellite image of the pass
Dongkha (el.
3060 m./12,000 ft.)
is a high mountain pass in the Himalaya connecting Sikkim in Republic of India with Tibet.
The pass offers a view of the Tibetan Plateau.
The pass is located in North Sikkim.
Near the pass is the placid Cholamo Lake, 6.5 km long and 2.5 km wide.
Goecha La (el.
4940 m.) is a high mountain pass in Sikkim, India in the Himalaya range.
Haldighati is a mountain pass in the Aravalli Range of Rajasthan in western India.
It connects Rajsamand and Pali districts, 40 kilometres from Udaipur.
The name is believed to have come from the turmeric-coloured yellow soil. (
Turmeric is haldi in Hindi.)
Jelep La (also spelled Jelepla) (el.
4267 m./14,300 ft.)
is a high mountain pass between Sikkim and Tibet.
Etymologically the term Jelep La is derived from jelep meaning lonely and la meaning pass in Tibetan.
The pass is in Sikkim and the route connects Lhasa to the Republic of India.
The pass is 46 metres (150 feet) in length.
Kasara Ghat is a ghat (mountain pass) in the Western Ghats, near the town of Kasara in Maharashtra, India.
The Kasara Ghat is located on the busy Mumbai–Nashik route, and is one of the four major rail and road routes leading into Mumbai.
The railway line, which passes through the ghat, is the steepest in India with a gradient (slope) of 1 in 37.
The Kumbharli Ghat is a mountain pass in Maharashtra, India cutting across the Western Ghats range.
It connects the coastal Konkan part of Maharashtra with the Marathwada region on the Deccan plateau.
Lipu-Lekh Pass (el.
5350 m.) is a Himalayan pass in the Pithoragarh District of Uttarakhand, India.
Nama Pass (el.
5500 m.) is a Himalayan mountain pass that is found in the eastern part of the Kumaun region in the Pithoragarh District of Uttarakhand, India.
Naneghat (Marathi: नाणेघाट) is a mountain pass in the Western Ghats range near Junnar in Pune district of Maharashtra, India.
Palakkad Gap is a 32-42 kilometer wide low mountain pass in the Western Ghats, near Palakkad town in the South Indian State of Kerala.
Pangsau Pass, 3727 feet in altitude, lies on the crest of the Patkai Hills on the Republic of India-Burma (Myanmar) border.
Rohtang Pass (el.
13,051 ft (3,978 m) is a high mountain pass 51 km from Manali that connects the Kullu Valley with the Lahul and Spiti valleys of Himachal Pradesh, Republic of India.
The pass is open only from May to November.
It is used by a lot of cars, buses and trucks.
A tunnel with 8.8 km (5.5 mi) length is built at 3,100 metres (10,171 ft) elevation and will be opened in 2019.
Travelling on the Leh-Manali Highway will then be possible all the year.
Now it takes 4 to 6 hours to cross Rohtang pass.
It will then take about half an hour to travel through the Rohtang tunnel.
Shipkila is a mountain pass and border post on the Republic of India-People's Republic of China border.
It is through this pass which the river Sutlej enters India (from the Tibet Autonomous Region).
It is located in Kinnaur District in the state of Himachal Pradesh, India, and Tibet Autonomous provincial Region in People's Republic of China.
The mountainous pass is India's third border post for trade with China after Nathula in Sikkim, and Lipulekh in Uttarakhand.
The pass is close to town of Khab.
Like other border passes along the Indo-Sino disputed border, it is cliamed by the Chinese and the border because of this is now no longer open for non-residents.
Sin La (el.
5495 m.) is a high Himalayan mountain pass in eastern Kumaun.
It is in the Pithoragarh District of the Uttarakhand state in India.
Traill's Pass (el.
5212 m.) is a mountain pass through the Himalayas in the Uttarakhand state in the districts of Pithoragarh and Bageshwar in India.
Kangchenjunga has an altitude of 8,586 metres (28,169 ft).
Kangchenjunga translated means "The Five Treasures of Snows", as it has five peaks, four of them over 8,450 metres.
It is one of the mountains in the range of the Himalayas.
Mountains of India
Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (when F.R.Y. is capitalized)
Frying, a method of cooking in a pan or pot which may involve immersion in a fat
French fried potatoes (French fries), potatoes cut into sticks and deep-fried
Fry, recently-hatched fish which have absorbed their yolk sacs and can hunt and consume live food
Philip J. Fry, a character from Futurama
Facebook (sometimes shortened to FB) is a social networking service and website started in February 2004.
It was built by Mark Zuckerberg.
It is owned by Meta, Inc. , Facebook has over one billion active users.
Users may make a personal profile, add other users as friends, and send messages.
Facebook users must register before using the site.
The name of the service comes from the name for the book given to students at the start of the school year by some universities in the United States.
These books help students get to know each other better.
Facebook allows any users who are at least 13 years old to become users of the website.
Facebook was started by Mark Zuckerberg with his college roommates and fellow computer science students Eduardo Saverin, Dustin Moskovitz and Chris Hughes.
The website's membership was only for Harvard students at first.
Later it included other colleges in the Boston area, the Ivy League, and Stanford University.
It eventually opened for students at other universities.
After that, it opened to high school students, and, finally, to anyone aged 13 and over.
Based on ConsumersReports.org in May 2011, there are 7.5 million children under 13 with accounts.
This breaks the website's rules.
A January 2009 Compete.com study ranked Facebook as the most used social networking service by worldwide monthly active users.
Entertainment Weekly put the site on its end-of-the-decade "best-of" list.
It said, "How on earth did we stalk our exes, remember our co-workers birthdays, bug our friends, and play a rousing game of Scrabulous before Facebook?"
Quantcast estimates Facebook had 138.9 million monthly different U.S. visitors in May 2011.
According to Social Media Today, in April 2010 about 41.6% of the U.S. population had a Facebook account.
Facebook's growth started to slow down in some areas.
The site lost 7 million active users in the United States and Canada in May 2011 relative to previous statistics.
Facebook has been involved in many controversies over privacy.
Some of these controversies have been about people being able to see personal information that other people post, and others are about companies and advertisers being able to see users' personal information.
Facebook has sent ads to people based on the persons gender, age, income, national origin and sexual orientation.
Research published in the journal PLOS ONE has shown that Facebook may be responsible for spreading unhappiness through society as well as keeping people connected.
Scientists found that the more time people spent on Facebook over a two-week period, the worse they subsequently felt. "
On the surface, Facebook provides an invaluable resource for fulfilling the basic human need for social connection.
Rather than enhancing well-being, however, these findings suggest that Facebook may undermine it."
Facebook Gaming
Facebook Gaming or fb.gg is Facebook's take on gaming livestreams where gamers and fans interact.
Facebook launched it as a tab on the Facebook app and a standalone app.
It also has an In-stream Rewards feature where viewers are gifted in-game rewards while watching streams with Mobile Legends: Bang Bang being a part of pioneering the feature as mentioned by Jack Li, a Facebook Gaming representative, on Moonton Epicon held last July 18, 2019.
In 2019, Jeremy "DisguisedToast" Wang was signed to Facebook Gaming in a surprise move from Twitch.
Soon after, Facebook signed Super Smash Bros. star streamer Gonzalo "ZerO" Barrios.
On February 18, 2020 Ronda Rousey performed her first live stream on Facebook Gaming, announcing that she will stream once per week.
The details of her contract were not disclosed.
On April 20, 2020 Facebook launched its gaming app in Playstore, named as Facebook Gaming.
This app was actually planned to release in June 2020, but Facebook preponed on witnessing the community demand.
Facebook homepage
This is a list of Oklahoma's state symbols, including official and unofficial.
The official symbols are codified by statute.
Many of the unofficial symbols are put in place by Oklahoma Senate of House of Representative resolutions.
Oklahoma Almanac–"Tourism, Symbols, and Flags"
USPS description of the Oklahoma Statehood Stamp
In adults, Pubic hair it is the  hair which covers the area around the sex organs.
It is generally darker in colour and stronger in texture than other hair found on the human body.
It is caused by the rising levels of androgens during puberty.
Pubic hair is a secondary sex characteristic.
Pubic hair appears during puberty in girls and boys.
Beginning with only a few hairs, the area quickly fills out in a triangular shape, making a thick patch of hair.
The growth of hair can go up toward the navel, but will always continue to grow down past the pubic region and ending at the anus (the hole between the buttocks).
In females, hair will cover the outer lips of the vagina; in males, hair will grow around the base of the penis and lightly cover the scrotum (the outer sack containing the testicles).
Pubic hair is sometimes called a "bush," "nest," "pubes," or "curlies".
On Asian people, pubic hair is usually not so curly.
Pubic hair is sometimes made into a fashion item.
Men and women do this.
Some people may change the way their pubic hair looks, by trimming or shaping it.
One style is called a "landing strip", like a runway where an airplane lands.
Some religions say to shave pubic hair.
Some people use chemicals that dissolve pubic hair.
Some people use wax or electrolysis to remove pubic hair.
The use of wax to remove all pubic hair is sometimes called Brazilian.
Sometimes people change the color.
Sometimes people ask, "Does the carpet match the drapes?"
This means, "Is the person's pubic hair the same color as the hair on the person's head?"
Usually people with red natural hair color have darker red pubic hair.
The White Rose was a German group that opposed the Nazis in World War II.
They distributed pamphlets denouncing Adolf Hitler's regime from June 1942 until February 1943.
The group consisted of students from the University of Munich along with a professor.
Beginning of the White Rose, June-July 1942
In June 1942, Alexander Schmorell and Hans Scholl, who were University students at the Ludiwg Maximilian University in Munich, began writing and distributing leaflets that spoke out against Hitler and Nazi Germany.
They wrote four leaflets from June-July 1942.
The leaflets called for passive resistance to the Nazi regime, and told of the horrors of the War against the Jews (in the second pamphlet, they talk about how “since the conquest of Poland, three hundred thousand Jews have been murdered in this country in the most bestial way.”)
The White Rose leaflets were the only Resistance movement in Nazi Germany to speak out against the systematic Holocaust of the Jews.
A couple hundred copies were made of each leaflet.
Hans and Alexander then mailed them out to random addresses  from phone books:
“To set you at rest, we add that the addresses of the readers of the White Rose are not recorded in writing.
They were picked at random from directories.”
-Exerpt from fourth leaflet
The White Rose, November 1942-February 1943
In July 1942, Alex and Hans, as well as their friend Willi Graf, were ordered to go to the Russian front over the Summer to serve as medics.
The resistance activities were put on hold for three months.
When Alex and Hans came back in November 1942 they threw themselves back into the Resistance Activities with renewed vigor.
Between November 1942-January 1943, four new members joined the group: Willi Graf, Christoph Probst, Sophie Scholl, and Kurt Huber.
These members made up the core of the White Rose group, although there were multiple other members who were in charge of distribution and recruiting for the White Rose.
In January 1943, the fifth leaflet was published.
Unlike the other four leaflets, the fifth leaflet had a couple thousand copies printed of it.
On February 3, after hearing of the defeat of Stalingrad, Hans, Willi and Alexander snuck out that night to graffiti the University walls with slogans such as “Down with Hitler” and “Hitler the mass murderer.”
They repeated these graffiti campaigns on February 8 and 15, going so far as to graffiti the  Feldherrnhalle , the monument to the Nazis who were killed during Hitler’s failed Beer Hall Putsch.
These graffiti campaigns put the Gestapo on red alert.
Capture and Execution of the White Rose Members
In early February, the sixth leaflet was published.
Thousands of copies were made of this leaflet.
There were so many copies that the White Rose members ran out of envelopes to place the leaflets in.
Seeing this, Hans and Sophie decided to sneak into the University during classes and place the extra leaflets in the halls.
They did not tell the other members of the plan.
On February 18, 1943, Hans and Sophie carried two briefcases stuffed with pamphlets into the University.
Hurriedly placing leaflets in the halls, they were about to leave when Sophie realized she still had leaflets lert in her briefcase.
Hurrying up to the third floor, she began to place them along the hallways.
What happened next is unclear, but something caused Sophie to grab the rest of the leaflets and throw them off the balcony and into the atrium.
This spontaneous action was observed by Jakob Schmid, the university custodian who was also a Nazi Party fanatic.
He alerted the Gestapo, who stormed the university and captured Sophie and Hans.
Over the next four days, the Gestapo interrogated Sophie and Hans.
The two of them gave up no names, but Hans had a handwritten draft for a new leaflet on him when he was captured.
The draft of the leaflet was written by Christoph Probst, who was captured on February 20.
On February 22, 1943, Hans, Sophie, and Christoph were put on trial.
They were all sentenced to death by Guillotine.
Their execution was that same day.
Hans and Sophie were able to see their parents before they died.
Christoph was not able to see any family.
Over the next few weeks, more members were captured by the Gestapo.
On April 19, 1943, the second trial of the White Rose members was held.
In it, Willi Graf, Alexander Schmorell, and Kurt Huber were sentenced to death.
Ten other members received prison sentences, and one alleged member was acquitted.
Alexander Schmorell and Kurt Huber were executed on July 13, 1943.
Willi Graf was held in solitary confinement for about six months as the Gestapo tried to get him to give out names of other members.
When that failed, they executed him on October 12, 1943.
He was the last of the six main members to be killed.
Today, the White Rose members, especially Hans and Sophie Scholl, are well known in Germany.
Three movies have been created about the White Rose:
Fünf Letzten Tage (Five last days), released in 1982
Die Weisse Rose (The White Rose), released in 1982
Sophie Scholl:Die Letzen Tage (Sophie Scholl: The Final Days), released in 2005
The core of the White Rose was comprised of five students: Sophie Scholl, her brother Hans Scholl, Alexander Schmorell, Willi Graf, and Christoph Probst.
All were between the ages of 21-25 years old.
Kurt Huber, Sophie’s Philosophy teacher, was the sixth main member of the White Rose.
There were also other members who were on the fringe of the inner circle of the White Rose.
Some of these member include:
Hans Hirzel
Suzanne Hirzel
Franz Joseph Muller
Heinrich Guter
Eugen Grimminger
Dr. Heinrich Phillip Bollinger
Helmut Karl Theodore August Bauer
Dr. Falk Erich Walter Harnack
Gisela Schertling
Katherina Schüddekopf
Traute Lafrenz
*These names came from the second trial of the White Rose members, held on April 19, 1943.
Over the course of the war, a total of 29 people were captured and accused of aiding the White Rose.
13 were given prison sentences, and 16 were executed.*
1942 establishments in Europe
1943 disestablishments in Europe
1940s establishments in Germany
"Ring of Fire" is a country music song popularized by Johnny Cash and co-written by June Carter and Merle Kilgore.
The single appears on Cash's 1963 compilation album, Ring of Fire: The Best of Johnny Cash.
The song was recorded on March 25, 1963 and became the biggest hit of his career, staying at number one on the charts for seven weeks.
Johnny Cash songs
Port wine (also called  Vinho do Porto, Oporto, Porto, and often simply Port) is a Portuguese wine.
Porto is a fortified wine.
This means its alcohol is stronger than ordinary wine.
This has the effect of making the wine long-lasting even after the bottle has been opened.
Porto is a sweet wine, but comes as dry or semi-dry also.
It is often served as a dessert wine.
Port is made in the Douro Valley in the northern provinces of Portugal.
Wines which are similar to the Portuguese product called port are made in several countries around the world.
The biggest producers are Australia, South Africa, India, Canada and the United States.
However, under European Union guidelines, only the product from Portugal may be labelled as Port.
In the United States, Federal law mandates that the Portuguese-made product be labeled Porto or Vinho do Porto.
Port is produced from grapes grown and processed in the Douro region.
The Douro valley where Port wine is produced was defined and established as a protected region, or appellation in 1756.
It is the oldest defined and protected wine region in the world.
The wine produced is then fortified with the addition of a Brandy (distilled grape spirits).
This is done to stop the fermentation leaving residual sugar in the wine and to increase the alcohol content.
The wine is then stored and aged.
For ageing, it is often put in barrels stored in caves After aging, it is  bottled.
The wine got its name, "Port," in the second half of the 17th century from the seaport city of Porto at the mouth of the Douro River.
Much of the product was brought there.
It was then either sold on a market or exported to other countries in Europe.
North Mississippi Allstars is a blues-rock band from Hernando, Mississippi.
The band is made of brothers Luther Dickinson (guitar, vocals) and  Cody Dickinson (drums, keyboards, electric washboard), and Chris Chew (electric bass guitar).
Dickinson also plays a cigar box guitar called the "lowebow".
Allstars' first album, Shake Hands With Shorty, was nominated for a Grammy for "Best Contemporary Blues Album".
51 Phantom and Electric Blue Watermelon have also received nominations in that same category.
The group also won a W.C. Handy Award for "Best New Artist Debut" in 2001.
Present members
The band now tours with John Hiatt.
They have released an album with him called Master of Disaster.
After 2007, Luther Dickinson plays guitar for The Black Crowes' instead of Marc Ford, and played lead guitar for their album Warpaint.
He tours with The Black Crowes.
Shake Hands With Shorty (2000)
51 Phantom (2001)
Polaris (2003)
Tate County(Hill Country Blues) (2004) Private Release
Hill Country Revue: Live at Bonnaroo (2004)
Electric Blue Watermelon (2005)
Hernando (2008)
Official MySpace profile
Musical groups from Mississippi
Malika Parbat (also known as Queen of the mountains) (el.
5,290 metres (17,356 ft) is a mountain in Kaghan Valley, Pakistan about six kilometres south of Saiful Muluk Lake near Ansoo Lake.
Northern Pakistan areas in Google Earth
Rakaposhi (Räkapoşi) is a mountain in the Karakoram, in Pakistan.
It is found in the Nagar Valley about 100 kilmotres north of the city of Gilgit.
Rakaposhi means "shining wall" in the local language.
Rakaposhi is also known as Dumani ("Mother of Mist").
It is ranked 27th highest in the world and 12th highest in Pakistan.
Nagar () was a princely state in the northernmost part of the Northern Areas of Pakistan, which existed until 1974.
The state bordered the Gilgit Agency to the south and west, and the former princely state of Hunza to the north and east.
The state capital was the town of Nagar.
The area of Nagar now forms three tehsils of Hunza-Nagar District.
Nagar along with Gilgit and Baltistan is claimed by India as part of the state of Jammu & Kashmir.
Nagar was an autonomous principality in close association with neighbouring Hunza.
The British gained control of both states 1889 and 1892.
The British retained Nagar's status as a 'principality' until 1947 but together with Hunza it was considered a vassal of Kashmir, although never ruled directly by it.
The rulers of Nagar sent annual tributes to the Kashmir Durbar until 1947, and along with the ruler of Hunza, were considered amongst the most loyal vassals of the Maharajas of Kashmir.
In 1947, the state acceded to Pakistan, but continued as semi autonomous state.
In 1968 Syed Yahya Shah the first educated politician of the valley, demanded civil rights from the Mir of Nagar.
When Ayub Khan's dictatorship ended in Pakistan and the democratic government of the Pakistan Peoples Party under Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto came into power through elections it realized the sentiments of the people against the Mir for democracy so the Government freed the prisoners of the movement and dissolved the Mirs of Hunza and Nagar and were merged into the Northern Areas in 1974.
The state was governed by the hereditary rulers of the Maghlot dynasty who were styled as Mir and were assisted by a council of Wazirs or Ministers.
Details for early rulers are uncertain with the first definite dates available from 1839 CE onwards.
The son of the last ruler, Mir Ghazanfar Ali Khan, was in 2005 Northern Areas deputy chief executive.
Reign Mirs of Nagar
Unknown dates Fadl Khan
Unknown dates Daud Khan
Unknown dates Ali Dad Khan (1st time)
Unknown dates Hari Tham Khan
Unknown dates Ali Dad Khan (2nd time)
Unknown dates Kamal Khan
Unknown dates Rahim Khan I
Unknown date – 1839 Rahim Khan II
1839 – 1891 Jafar Zahid Khan (1st time)
1891 – 1892 Raja Azur Khan (acting)
1892 – 1904 Jafar Zahid Khan (2nd time)
1905 – 17 March 1940 Raja Mir Iskandar Khan
March 1940 – 25 September 1974 Shaukat Ali Khan (1930–1976)
September 1974 State of Nagar dissolved
The geography of Nagar was very difficult mountainous terrain, which provided a certain degree of protection against invading forces.
The highest mountain was the 7,788 m (25,551 ft) Mount Rakaposhi which lay to the south of the town of Nagar.
As of 2009[update], the Karakoram Highway crosses Nagar, connecting Pakistan to China via the Khunjerab Pass.
The road follows the Hunza river for some distance through Nagar and into the Hunza region.
The inhabitants of the Nagar valley is around 90,000 (AKRSP Census, 2000).
Nagar is home of people of two main ethnicities – the Burushaski speakers and the Shina speakers.
The older type of Broshuski is still spoken in this valley with mild modern accent.
Although the population was traditionally predominantly shia (Jafria).
Following sectarian violences in January 2005, the Tanzim Ahle Sunnah wal Jama’at representing Sunnis, and the Central Anjuman-e-Imamia Northern Areas representing (Jafria) Shias signed on February 18, 2005 a six-point peace agreement arranged by Northern Areas Legislative Council (NALC) members to ensure peace in the city.
Rakaposhi on Summitpost.org
A Rakaposhi web page
Photos from Rakaposhi, by Waqas Usman
Tirich Mir (also called Terich Mir'' and Terichmir''') is the highest mountain in the Hindu Kush region of northern Pakistan.
Tirich Mir on SummitPost
Wagah (, , ) is the only road international border crossing between the Republic of India and Islamic Republic of Pakistan.
It is on the G.T. Road between the cities of Amritsar, India and Lahore, Pakistan.
The first town on the Indian side is Attari.
Transport in Pakistan
Jamie Anderson is an American singer from Tucson, Arizona.
She is based in Ottawa, Ontario.
As of 2010 she had released ten full-length albums.
Anderson first began touring the U.S. in 1987, and released her first album in 1989.
She was voted Favorite New Performer by Hot Wire in 1990 and 1991, and played many women's music festivals, coffeehouses, colleges and other venues all though the 1990s and to the present.
Closer to Home (Tsunami Records, 1989)
Center of Balance (Tsunami, 1992)
Family of Friends (Tsunami, 1993)
Bad Hair Day (Tsunami, 1993)
Never Assume (Tsunami, 1995)
Drive All Night (Tsunami, 1999)
Listen (Tsunami, 2001)
A Promise of Light (Tsunami, 2005)
Three Bridges (Tsunami, 2007)
Better Than Chocolate (Tsunami, 2010)
Musicians from Arizona
LGBT people from Arizona
Burnside was born in Harmontown, Mississippi, in Lafayette County.
He spent most of his life working as a sharecropper and a fisherman, as well as playing guitar at weekend house parties.
He was first inspired to play guitar in his early twenties, after hearing John Lee Hooker play.
He learned music  from Mississippi Fred McDowell, who lived nearby.
He was also influenced by his cousin-in-law, Muddy Waters.
During the 1950s, Burnside moved to Chicago, Illinois to get a better job, but things did not turn out as he had hoped.
Within one month, his father, brother, and uncle were all murdered in the city.
He used this tragedy to help him write music.
He used it mostly for his interpretation of Skip James's "Hard Time Killing Floor", "R.L.'s Story," and the opening and closing tracks on Burnside's 2000 album, Wish I Was In Heaven Sitting Down.
Members of his family continue to play blues in the Holly Springs area.
His grandson, Cedric Burnside, tours with Kenny Brown, while his son Duwayne Burnside has played guitar with the North Mississippi Allstars.
In 2004, the Burnside sons opened Burnside Blues Cafe, 30 miles southeast of Memphis in Holly Springs, Mississippi.
His earliest recordings were made in the late 1960s by George Mitchell and released on Arhoolie Records.
Another album was recorded that year and Hill Country Blues came after in the early 1980s.
An album with only singles followed, released in Memphis, Tennessee.
In the 1990s, he began recording for the Oxford, Mississippi, label Fat Possum Records, founded by Peter Redvers-Lee and Matthew Johnson.
Burnside stayed with Fat Possum until his death, and he usually played with his friend and understudy, the slide guitarist Kenny Brown.
Surviving family
His wife: Alice Mae Taylor Burnside (They had been married almost 55 years.)
Daughters: Mildred Jean Burnside, Linda Jackson, Brenda Kay Brooks, and Pamela Denise Burnside;
Sons: Melvin Burnside, R.L. Burnside Jr., Calvin Burnside, Joseph Burnside, Daniel Burnside,  Duwayne Burnside,   Dexter Burnside, Garry Burnside, and Rodger Harmon
Sisters: Lucille Burnside, Verelan Burnside, and Mat Burnside
Brother: Jesse Monia
35 Grandchildren
32 Great-Grandchildren
Prison time
Burnside was convicted of murder and sentenced to six months' in prison.
Burnside's boss helped to keep the murder sentence short because he needed Burnside to work on the farm.
"I didn't mean to kill nobody," Burnside said. "
I just meant to shoot the sonofabitch in the head.
Him dying was between him and the Lord."
Burnside had a strong voice and played electric and acoustic guitars.
He played in the style of North Mississippi hill country blues rather than Mississippi Delta blues.
First Recordings (recorded in the late 1960s by George Mitchell; re-released by Fat Possum Records in 2003)
A Ass Pocket of Whiskey (1996, featuring the Jon Spencer Blues Explosion)
Burnside on Burnside (a critically acclaimed 2001 live album recorded in the Crystal Ballroom on Portland, Oregon's Burnside Street)
Come On In, Wish I Was in Heaven Sitting Down, and A Bothered Mind (three albums of remixed material, often featuring guest artists, released in 1998, 2000 and 2004, respectively)
Too Bad Jim (produced in 1992 by Robert Palmer)
Well, Well, Well (songs and interviews from 1986-1993, released in 2001 on MC Records)
Deep Blues: A Musical Pilgrimage to the Crossroads (1991).
Directed by Robert Mugge
American Patchwork:  Songs and Stories of America, part 3:  "The Land Where the Blues Began" (1990).
Written, directed, and produced by Alan Lomax; developed by the Association for Cultural Equity at Columbia University and Hunter College.
North Carolina Public TV; A Dibb Direction production for Channel Four.
You See Me Laughin': The Last of the Hill Country Bluesmen (2003; released by Fat Possum Records in 2005).
Produced and directed by Mandy Stein.
Oxford, Mississippi: Plain Jane Productions, Inc; Fat Possum Records.
Fat Possum artist website
Mabe, Ed.
R. L. Burnside: One Badass Bluesman.
Nov. 1999.
Dal Lake is a lake in Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
The lake is connected to other lakes of the Kashmir Valley.
It is well known for its approximately 500 Victorian era wooden houseboats, originally built as vacation homes for landless British administrators during the Raj.
Lakes of India
Pangong Tso (or Pangong Lake; Tso: Ladakhi for lake) is a lake in the Himalayas situated at a height of about 4,250 m (13,900 ft).
It is 134 km (83.3 mi) long and extends from Ladakh to Tibet.
Two thirds of the length of this lake lies in Tibet.
The lake is 5 km (3 mi) wide at its broadest point.
In winter, the lake surface freezes completely despite being salt water.
Tsomoriri is a lake on a plateau in Ladakh, in Jammu and Kashmir.
Wular Lake (also spelt Wullar) is one of the largest fresh water lakes in Asia.
It is in the Jammu and Kashmir, between the cities of Sopore and Bandipore.
The lake was formed as a result of tectonic activity and is the largest freshwater lake in Asia.
The Jhelum River feeds into the lake, which acts as a natural flood reservoir.
The size can vary between , depending on the season
Lakes of Pakistan
Ansoo Lake (Teardrop Lake) is a lake in the Kaghan Valley in Mansehra District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Its elevation is .
It is near Malika Parbat in the Himalayas.
Borith Lake is a lake in the Northern Areas of Pakistan.
Borith is a hamlet near Borith Lake.
The altitude of Borith is about  above sea level.
Dudiptsar lake or Dudipat Lake is a lake in Pakistan.
It is in the extreme north of Kaghan Valley.
It is about a four-hour drive from the chief town Naran.
The word "dudi" means white and "sar" means lake.
The lake was named because it reflects the white color of snow on the mountain peaks around it.
The lake's water is greenish blue and very cold.
The lake used to have a lot of trout.
Now there aren't as many because of illegal fishing using dynamite and nets.
This lake is very little visited by people.
Getting to the lake takes four to six hours of tough hiking and trekking.
The earthquake on October 8, 2005 in North Pakistan made it more difficult to get to the lake.
However, the government of Pakistan decided on March 14, 2006 to take all steps to restore tourism of the Kaghan valley.
That includes building new tourism spots and rebuilding previously destroyed ones.
Surrounding area
Dudipatsar is close to another major lake, Lake Lulusar, which is the main contributory to the Kunhar River that runs through Kaghan valley.
The whole area is private property but declared national park by Government of Pakistan.
The area is accessible for four months every year from June-September.
After that, it is closed because of snow.
Haleji Lake () is a lake in Thatta District, Sindh, Pakistan.
Hanna Lake () is a lake in Pakistan.
It is  from Quetta.
It is one of the main attractions of the city.
The lake is near the place where the Urak Valley begins.
Upper Kachura Lake is a lake in Pakistan.
It is  from Lower Kachura Lake.
It is famous for its natural scenic beauty and its moderate climate.
Lower Kachura Lake, also called Shangrila Lake
Kalri Lake () or Kinjhar Lake () is a lake in Thatta, Sindh, Pakistan.
Kundol Lake is a lake in Pakistan.
It is in Swat Valley, Pakistan and can be reached from Kalam.
Lulusar is a lake near the Naran Valley in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.
The word "sar" means "top or peak" in Pashto.
Actually Lulusar is the name of the mountains that contain the lake.
So, it is the lake of Lulusar.
It is located at N35.0804 E73.9266, at a height of 11,200 ft (3,410 m) from sea level.
The lake is the main source of the Kunhar River, which flows through the entire Kaghan Valley through Jalkhand, Naran Valley, Kaghan, Jared, Paras and Balakot until it joins the Jhelum River.
The lake is 48 kilometers away from Naran, on the Naran-Babusar road.
Lulusar marks the historic place where 55 participants of the 1857 war of independence were arrested.
Mahodand Lake is a lake about 40 km from Kalam, in Pakistan's upper Ushu Valley.
The lake is close to Lake Saifullah and Naseerullah.
It is accessible with a four-wheel drive vehicle, and is a good location for fishing.
Lake Manchar is the largest freshwater lake in Pakistan and one of Asia's largest.
It is located west of the Indus River in Sindh.
The area of the lake fluctuates with the seasons from as little as 350 km² to as much as 520 km².
The lake collects water from numerous small streams in the Kirthar Mountains and empties into the Indus River.
Namal Lake is in one corner of the Namal valley in Mianwali, Punjab, Pakistan.
This lake was created when Namal Dam was constructed in 1913.
Namal Dam is 32 km from Mianwali city.
The lake has a surface area of 5.5 km².
There are mountains on its western and southern sides.
On the other two sides are agricultural areas.
Rama Lake is a lake near Astore in Northern Areas, Pakistan.
It is on the top of the beautiful Astore Valley, covered with oak trees and greenery.
Rawal Lake is an artificial reservoir in Pakistan that provides the water needs for the cities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad.
This artificial lake covers an area of 8.8 km².
Rawal Lake is located within an isolated section of the Margalla Hills National Park.
Rush Lake is a high altitude lake near Rush Pari Peak (5,098 m) in Pakistan.
At over , Rush is one of the highest alpine lakes in the world.
It is about  north of Miar Peak and Spantik (Golden Peak), which are in the Nagar valley.
Rush Lake and Rush Peak can be reached via Nagar and Hopar and via the Hopar Glacier (Bualtar Glacier) and Miar Glacier, which rises from Miar and Phuparash peaks.
The trek to Rush Lake provides spectacular views of Spantik, Miar Peak, Phuparash Peak and Ultar Sar.
Quantum suicide is a thought experiment in quantum mechanics and the philosophy of physics.
It was originally claimed that it can distinguish between the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics and the many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics.
It is based on imagining oneself as the cat in the Schrödinger's cat thought experiment.