the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
It is in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province and is the capital of Lakki Marwat District.
Mansehra is a city in Pakistan.
It is in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and is the capital of Mansehra District.
The district has 3 subdivisions - Mansehra Tehsil, Oghi Tehsil and Balakot.
It also has a tribal territory called Kala Dhaka, which has however now been given a separate district status also.
The district currently has 1.5 million people.
The important towns in the district are Baffa, Shinkiari, Kaghan, Naran, Garhi Habibullah, Balakot,Phulra, Oghi, Darband and Khaki.
The Karakoram Highway (or KKH) goes through this district and has a 60 km stretch in the district.
Likewise the Mansehra-Naran-Jalkhan-Naran (MNJC).
Road also commences in the district and has a 200 km stretch up to Babusar Pass passing through the district.
The MNJC is being developed as an alternate route to the Northern Areas of Pakistan.
Mardan (Pashto: مردان), is a city in Pakistan.
It is in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province.
The city is the capital of Mardan District.
It is known as the "city of hospitality".
Nowshera is a city in Pakistan.
It is in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province and is the capital of Nowshera District.
Alpuri is a city in Pakistan.
It is the capital of Shangla District.
It is the headquarters of Alpuri Tehsil.
Settlements in Shangla District
Saidu Sharif is a city in Pakistan.
It is in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province and is the capital of Swat District.
Tank is a city in Pakistan.
It is in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province and is the capital of Tank District.
In warfare, a theatre or theater is an area where there are many battles.
Theatres are bordered by peaceful areas.
Some wars are fought in one theatre.
Many wars, for example the Seven Years' War have been fought in many different theatres.
There were many theatres in World War I and World War II.
The Napoleonic wars were the first multi-theatre war in modern times.
The use of the word "theatre" for war was first seen in the book "On War" by Carl von Clausewitz.
Theater of operations
A Theater of operations (TO) is a sub-area within a theater of war.
The boundary of a TO is defined by the commander who is orchestrating or providing support for specific combat operations within the TO.
It means the territory, including adjoining sea areas and air space, in which a war was conducted.
Charlotte Perrelli (born Anna Jenny Charlotte Nilsson on October 7, 1974 in Hovmantorp, Kronobergs län) is a Swedish singer,television host and actress, perhaps most famous for winning Melodifestivalen 1999 and subsequently the Eurovision Song Contest 1999 with her song Take Me To Your Heaven.
Since then she has released six singles and four albums.
Perrelli won Melodifestivalen 2008 on March 15, she represented Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest 2008 in Belgrade, Serbia.
2000: "Livet är en schlager" Soundtrack - "Jag vill bara älskas av dig"
1999: "Absolute '99: The Best of 1999" - "Take Me To Your Heaven"
1999: "Mr Music Hits - Vol 7, 1999" - "Take Me To Your Heaven"
1999: "Maximum Dance - Vol 7, 1999" - "Take Me To Your Heaven"
1999: "Absolute Music 30" - "Take Me To Your Heaven"
1999: "100% Semester - Vol 4" - "Take Me To Your Heaven"
2000: "Eurovision Song Gontest 1956-1999" - "Take Me To Your Heaven"
2000: "Barn 2000" - "Behöver Dig Nu"
2000: "Schooldays" - "Tusen och en Natt"
2001: "Melodifestivalen 2001" - "Tusen och en Natt"
Official YouTube Profile
Attock District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The city of Attock is the capital.
Hasan Abdal Tehsil
Pindi Gheb Tehsil
Bahawalnagar District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The city of Bahawalnagar is the capital.
It is 192 miles south of Lahore and about 120 miles east of Bahwalpur.
River Satluj passes on the northern side at a distance of about 6 miles.
Bahawalnagar originally known as Rojhanwali was a small settlement consisting of few huts and shacks.
This village Rojhanwali is still in existence at a distance of about 1.5 miles north of the Railway Station.
In the year 1895, railway station was established and was named as Rojhanwali Railway Station.
It was a Junction between Bahawalnagar and Bhatinda at distance of 113 miles, now linking branch lines Amrooka and Fortabbas.
Before partition it was very busy junction.
Trains used to run from Karachi to Delhi and vice versa via Bahawalnagar.
Passenger trains also used to run from Bahawalnagar to Fazilka, Ferozpur.
There was a locoshed and two institutes meant for recreation.
Bahawalnagar Tehsil
Chishtian Tehsil
Minchinabad Tehsil
Bahawalpur District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The city of Bahawalpur is the capital.
The Riasti dialect of the language of the Punjab is spoken here and the neighboring areas in the Bahawalpur area of Cholistan.
Bahawalpur Tehsil  City
Khairpur Tamewali Tehsil
Yazman Mandi Tehsil
Bahawalpur Tehsil Sadar
Bhakkar District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The city of Bhakkar is the capital.
Kaloorkot Tehsil
Mankera Tehsil
Chakwal District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The city of Chakwal is the capital.
Chakwal Tehsil
Choa Saidan Shah Tehsil
Kallar Kahar Tehsil
Lawa
Dera Ghazi Khan District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The city of Dera Ghazi Khan is the capital.
Dera Ghazi Khan Tehsil
Tribal Area Tehsil
Kot chutta
Faisalabad District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The city of Faisalabad is the capital.
Gujranwala District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The city of Gujranwala is the capital.
Gujranwala (), the capital of Gujranwala District, is a city in the northeast of the Punjab province in Pakistan.
It borders the districts of Sialkot, to the north and east, Shiekhupura, to the south, Hafizabad, to the west and south, and Gujrat district to the west, on the other side of the Chenab river.
The district is in the ancient region of Punjab, known as Sandal Bar, between the rivers of Chenab and Ravi.
The southern area of Gujranwala district is known as the Virkyat region or Virk territory, were the Virk Jatts held their territory, independently.
The Chatha Jatts never got on with the Sikh Sardars, there were wars all the time.
until the reign of Sher-e-Panjab.
Before the arrival of Sikhs, into Gujranwala area, it was mainly held by local Muslim tribes, while Gujranwala, Garjakh, Qila Mian Singh, Botala Jhanda Singh, Butala Sham Singh, Eminabad, Kamoke, Qila Didar Singh, Ruriala, Mari Thakran, Ladhe Wala Waraich, Wazirabad, Dhounkal, Wadala Cheema, Mughal Chak were the only, that were under local Sikh Rule.
In 1738, Panah Bhatti, a very powerful, Chieftain, had the whole of western Punjab, from Hasan Abdal, Attock, to the banks of the River Ravi, at his mercy, Gujranwala area, was to under his influence, but was defeated, by the Muslim Mughal Governors, of Lahore.
Panah Bhatti, was captured and killed.
Sardar Amir Singh, was a very old Sikh Chieftain of Gujranwala, belonging to the Waraich Jat Clan.
He had two sons Gurbakhsh Singh and Dal Singh, and two daughters including, Desan Kaur (d. 1778), Mai Desan in 1756, was married to Sardar Charat Singh Sukerchakia (d. 1770), who was from Amritsar District of Punjab, crossed the river Ravi, with a large Sikh army, and Occupied Gujranwala, establishing his independent State.
Mai Desan, gave birth to Sardar Mahan Singh Sukerchakia (d. 1792), who expanded his territories, and fought against the Chatha Jats, who he defeated.
He married Mata Raj Kaur, the daughter of Rajah Gajpat Singh, a Sidhu Jatt, ruler of Jind Sikh State, in about 1777, who later gave birth to Maharajah Ranjit Singh Sher-e-Panjab in 1780, in Gujranwala Haveli (Mansion), the biggest and tallest building in Gujranwala and fortified, at that time, where the great Sikh Chieftains lived.
From 1792-1801, Gujranwala remained the capital of Ranjit Singh, until he captured Lahore in 1799, from Sardar Chet Singh Bhangi, a weak Sikh Chieftain of Lahore.
Sardar Hari Singh Nalua (1791-1837), was also born in Gujranwala, to Sardar Gurdial Singh, and Mata Dharam Kaur, a Uppal Khatri, who was also the commander and general of the Sikh army during the Sikh times, family was originally from Amritsar.
He has been credited for having rebuilt the present city of Gujranwala.
Ranjit Singh, brought all the independent Muslim states of Gujranwala, under his rule.
During the later Sikh rule, the Hindu's of Gujranwala, played a great role, in those days.
Maharajah Ranjit Singh, having, great tolerance, built many Durgahs of Sufi Saints, such as Mastan Shah, near Gujranwala, according to the local legends of Gujranwalia's.
Who is said to have met the maharajah during his childhood.
He Visited Dhounkal village, near Wazirabad city, in Gujranwala, where the shrine of mystical Sakhi Sarwar stands.
It has been recorded that a small number of the total Sikh population, of Gujranwala district, were from Eastern Punjab, who started settling in Gujranwala, during the occupation of the area, by the Sikh chief, Charat Singh.
Sardar Jhanda Singh, also in between 1760-1799, migrated to Gujranwala, where he established his own Authority, and later founded the village of Botala Jhanda Singh.
Other Sikh Sardars such as the Maan Jatt Sikh Sardars of Mughal Chak, and the Waraich Jatt Sikh Sardars of Ruriala in Gujranwala, were also from Amritsar District.
Most of the Lahore Sikh royal family members, were from mainly Gujranwala, Sialkot, and some from Amritsar district.
There are hundreds of old Islamic Tombs, Forts, Canals, Villages, Gurdwaras, Temples, Mansions, old Villages, Mosques, Baradari's and city walls, which are in ruins, scattered throughout Gujranwala countryside.
The second Anglo Sikh Wars were fought in 1848-49, between the Sikh Empire and British East India Company.
were fought at Ram Nagar, also in Gujranwala, where it was Sikh Victory.
In 1847, the district had come under British influence.
two year later it was under British rule in 1849.
In 1947, Gujranwala District, was awarded to Pakistan, because of Muslims being a majority forming about 75%, while the Sikhs were 10% and the Hindus were about 15%.
Plunder, masses of Looting, Force Conversion, Genocide, destruction, and rioting took place in Gujranwala, during 1947, August time.
It has been recorded that Sikhs, also protected their villages, in Gujranwala, along with the Hindus, and many died fighting, against the Muslim looters.
All the Sikh and Hindu population, left for Eastern Punjab.
While the Muhajir Muslims, from the Indian States of Haryana, Rajasthan, Uttar pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, and Delhi, in en masse, migrated to Pakistan, a good number of them settled in the Gujranwala region.
Today Gujranwala, has the largest population, along with other districts, The Tribes of Gujranwala, are mainly Jatts, Rajputs, and the Muhajirs.
List of some famous villages in Gujranwala District
* Alipur Chattha
Ahmad Nagar Chattha
Amin Pur Saidan
Aujla Kalan
Badokhi Sekhwan
Banka Cheema
Bhai Ke Aulakh
Bharoki Cheema
Bhatti Mansoor
Bhoman Bathh
Bhuppra Goraya
Budha Goraya
Chahal Kalan
Chak Gill
Chak Roop Chand
Chak Sadu Virkan
Chak Waraich
Chalaki Virkan
Dehla Chattha
Dadwali Sharif
Dapai Mehtab Singh
Dargahiwala warraich
Dhair Virkan
Dhariwal
Dhindsa
Dhounkal
Fazal Pura
Garhjakh
Ghaya Wala Cheema
Gill Wala
Gondalan Wala
Hameedpur Kalan
Hazrat Kalianwala Sharif
Hardo Saharan
Jaffar Kot
Jalalpur Chattha
Jam Wala Chattha
Jukhyan Chattha
Kalaske Cheema
Khewaywali
Kot Amar Singh
Kot Inayat Khan
Kotli Nawab
Ladhe Wala Cheema
Ladhewala Waraich
Langian Wali
Leel Virkan
Madrassa Chattha
Maju Chak
Manchar Chattha
Mandyala Waraich
Mangoke Virkan
Manzoorabad
Mari Khurd
Matta Virkan
Mattu Bhai Ke
Melu Virkan
Mokhal Sandhua
Mughal Chak
Muraliwala
Nathoke
Noinke Sandhua
Pathanwali
Phaloki Cheema
Pindori Kalan
Pipnakha
Qila Mian Singh
Radyala Waraich
Ramdas
Sado Goraya
Sadu Virkan
Saharan Chattha
Salhoke Chattha
Shera Kot
Sohian
Talwandi Khajoor Wali
Thakar Ke Waraich
Thatha Gulab
Thatha Hayer
Tokrian
Tung Kalan
Udday Virkan
Ugo Bhinder
Ugo Chak
Verpal Chattha
Wadala Cheema
Wandala Virkan
Nokhar
Kot Kesho
Gujranwala City
Gujrat District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The city of Gujrat is the capital.
Gujrat District, had many Sikh Sardars, ruling villages, Islam was a majority, With 10% Sikhs and Hindus together in the District.
Islam had a good influence over the Jatts of Gujrat District, 98% of Jatts them followed Islam, The People of this region are mainly Jatts, Rajputs, Gakhars, Balochi, Pathans, etc.
Hafizabad District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The city of Hafizabad is the capital.
Hafizabad Tehsil
Pindi Bhattian Tehsil
Jhang District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The city of Jhang is the capital.
Chiniot District (2009)
Ahmad Pur Sial Tehsil
Athara Hazari Tehsil
Jhelum District () is in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
According the 1998 census, the district had 936,957 people, of which 31.48% were urban.
Jhelum is known for providing many soldiers to the British and later to the Pakistan armed forces due to which it is also known as city of soldiers or land of martyrs and warriors.
The district of Jhelum stretches from the Jhelum River almost to the Indus.
Salt is quarried at the Mayo mine in the Salt Range.
There are two coal-mines, the only ones worked in the province, from which the North-Western railway gets some of coal.
The chief centre of the salt trade is Pind Dadan Khan.
The district is crossed by the main line of the North-Western railway, and also traversed along the south by a branch line.
It is in the north of the Punjab province, Jhelum district is bordered by Sargodha to its south, Gujrat and the Jhelum River to its south and east, Chakwal to its west, Mirpur to its east, and Rawalpindi to its north.
The district of Jhelum, which covers an area of 3,587 km2, is administratively divided into four tehsils: Jhelum, Sohawa, Pind Dadan Khan and Dina, - which are divided into 53 Union Councils.
It also contains the city of Jhelum.
According to census 2017 total population of District Jhelum is 1222650 .
In Total population males are 601964 , female are 620636 and Transgender are 50 .
Average annual growth rate is 1.41 from 1998 to 2017.
According to the 1998 census of Pakistan, 936,957 people lived in Jhelum District.
There were 261 people per square kilometre.
According the Punjab Education Department's annual literacy statistics for 2006, Jhelum had a literacy rate of 79% which is among the highest in Pakistan.
Human Development Index of Jhelum is 0.770, which highest in Pakistan after Karachi.
People of Jhelum District speak Punjabi.
The written language is Urdu.
Many also speak Pothwari.
The climate of the tract is extreme.
In winter it is very cold and summer is very hot.
The average rainfall varies from 48 to 69 mm each year.
Colleges and schools
Army Public School and College
FG Intermediat College
Fauji Foundation Model School & College
Degree College
G.T. Road
College for Women
College of Commerce
Research Girls College Kala Gujran
Jinnah Law College
M.A. Jinnah College of Commerce & Computer Science
Presentation Convent School
Jhelum Homeopathic Medical College
SLS College
Muhammad Akram, Nishan-e-Haider, of Nakka Kalan, Tehsil & District Jhelum.
Asif Nawaz (Late), (former Chief of Army Staff, Pakistan.
Ghazanfar Ali Khan, (Leader In Pakistan Movement)
Altaf Hussain (Late), former Governor of Punjab, Pakistan, Ex-MNA and President Lahore High Court Bar Association
Jhelum Post
Kasur District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The city of Kasur is the capital.
Chunian Tehsil
Kot Radha Kishen Tehsil
Khanewal District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The city of Khanewal is the capital.
District Government
The District is headed by a powering authority named as District Coordianation Officer.
Dco handles all developments and problem issues in whole District.
EDO's work under DCO to cooperate in operations which are going on in District.
Tehsils of Khanewal
Khushab District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The city of Khushab is the capital.
Khushab Tehsil
Noorpur Thal Tehsil
Quaidabad Tehsil
Lahore District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The city of Lahore is the capital.
Layyah District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The city of Layyah is the capital.
Layyah District shares borders with the districts of Bhakkar (north), Muzaffargarh (south), Jhang (east) and D.G. Khan (west).
The District is of semi rectangular shape and has sandy land.
The total area of the district is 6291 km2.
It is 88 km from east to west & 75 km from north to south.
It is made up of the three tehsils of:
Layyah Tehsil
Chaubara Tehsil
Karor Lal Esan Tehsil
Layyah District has an extremely hot climate.
The temperature in winter is low because it is near the Koh-Suleman mountains.
The tehsil Chaubara is almost barren and is made up of forest and sand dunes.
The tehsil of Layyah and Karor Lal Esan are better developed agriculturally but they have also large areas of sand dunes and uncultivated land.
The river Indus passes from north to south on western side of the district and touches D.G. Khan.
Lodhran District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The city of Lodhran is the capital.
Dunya Pur Tehsil
Kahror Pacca Tehsil
Mandi Bahauddin District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The city of Mandi Bahauddin is the capital.
Malakwal Tehsil
Phalia Tehsil
Mianwali District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The city of Mianwali is the capital.
Multan District  () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
According to the 1998 census of Pakistan it had a population of 3.117 million (1.315 million or 42.2% in urban areas).
Tehsils of Multan
Sher Shah Tehsil
Sujaabad Tehsil
Jalapur Pirwala Tehsil
Bosan Tehsil
Shah Rukn-e-alam Tehsil
Muzaffargarh District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The city of Muzaffargarh is the capital.
Alipur Tehsil
sv:Muzaffargarh
Nankana Sahib District or Khairpur Bhattian () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The city of Nankana Sahib is the capital.
Nankana Sahib Tehsil
Safdarabad Tehsil
Narowal District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The city of Narowal is the capital.
The Darhab dialect of the Punjabi language is spoken in this very district and the surrounding areas.
Zafarwal Tehsil
Okara District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The city of Okara is the capital.
Depalpur Tehsil
Okara Tehsil town
The Taito Corporation is an innovator of coin operated video games.
Taito was founded in 1953 to import peanuts and vodka to Japan.
They also made vending machines for the vodka and peanuts.
The next year (1954), Taito began making jukeboxes and other amusement machines.
These machines were designed by other companies but in 1956 Taito designed and produced Japans first jukebox.
Taito started to buy, sell, and lease pinball machines in 1956.
Taito became the manufacturer of Seeburg corporation (USA) jukeboxes in 1962.
Taito produced Japans first crane-type coin operated machine in 1965.
The Japanese Ministry of International Trade and Industry gave Taito a  prize for  in 1970.
In 1973 Taito made Pro Hockey and Soccer video games as well as Elepong.
Elepong was the first Japanese designed coin operated game.
Taito are most famous for making Space Invaders in 1978.
Taito says "Space Invaders was a worldwide phenomenon".
Taito has been one of the leading makers of coin operated video games in the world for more than thirty years.
Famous video games created by the Taito Corporation
Elepong 1973
Davis Cup 1973
Pro Hockey 1973
Soccer 1973
Speed Race 1974
Gun Fight 1975
Space Invaders 1978
Space Invaders part 2 1979
Asteroids 1980
Missile Command 1980
Arkanoid 1986
Bubble Bobble 1986
Rainbow Islands 1987
Operation Wolf 1987
Chase HQ 1988
The New Zealand Story 1988
Puzzle Bobble 1995
The Taito Corporation website
Taito Legends, 2005
Taito Legends 2, 2006
Pakpattan District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The city of Pakpattan is the capital.
Arifwala Tehsil
Malka Hans Tehsil
Rahimyar Khan District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The city of Rahimyar Khan is the capital.
Liaquatpur Tehsil
Rahim Yar Khan Tehsil
Space Invaders is a video game made by the Taito Corporation.
Space Invaders is one of the most famous early video games.
The game is about defending the Earth from Space Invaders (aliens) by shooting them down before they can land.
There have been seven versions of Space Invaders made by the Taito Corporation.
Space Invaders was designed by the Taito Corporations man in charge of the game making department, Toshihiro Nishikado.
Nishikado was inspired to make the game after watching Star Wars and War of the Worlds.
At first Space Invaders was a coin-operated machine but has been made available for almost every games console and home computer.
Before making Space Invaders, Nishikado worked on games called Soccer and Interceptor.
He says the hardest part of making a video game is designing the computer inside it.
Taito describes Space Invaders as "an international phenomenon".
Space Invaders versions
Space Invaders, 1978
Space Invaders Part 2, 1979
The Return of the Space Invaders, 1985
Space Invaders '91, 1991
Space Invaders DX, 1995
Space Invaders '95, 1995
Space Invaders 3D
Rajanpur District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The city of Rajanpur is the capital.
Rajanpur Tehsil
Rojhan Tehsil
Rawalpindi District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The city of Rawalpindi is the capital.
The district is divided into seven tehsils, these are:
Kallar Syedan Tehsil
In 1901 Punjab Census, the Sikhs numbered 26,363, Hindus 57,325, and the Muslims being 466,918 83%.
But between 1901 and 1931, there was a large number of Hindus converting to Sikhism.
By 1947, there would have been more than 100,000 Sikhs In this district, and also the population growing.
Sahiwal District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The city of Sahiwal is the capital.
Sahiwal is on GT Road.
It is 167 km from Lahore.
Sahiwal Tehsil
Chichawatni Tehsil
Sargodha District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The city of Sargodha is the capital.
Shahpur Tehsil
Kot Momin Tehsil
Sialkot District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The city of Sialkot is the
It is recorded that Masses of Jatts of Sialkot district, converted to Islam, under Daud Bandagi Kirmani (1513-1575), of Shergarh during the reign of Emperor Akbar between, 1556-1605.
The Clans that converted included Sandhu, Ghumman, Bajwa, Virk, Maan, Cheema, Basra, Kahlon, Goraya, Sahi, Hanjra, Dehothar.
Sialkot Tehsil
Toba Tek Singh District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The city of Toba Tek Singh is the capital.
Kamalia Tehsil
Toba Tek Singh Tehsil
Vehari District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The city of Vehari is the capital.
Burewala Tehsil
Attock is a city in Pakistan.
It is in the Punjab province and is the capital of Attock District.
Bahawalnagar is a city in Pakistan.
It is in the Punjab province.
It is the capital of Bahawalnagar District.
It is located near the India–Pakistan border.
Bahawalpur is a city in Pakistan.
It is in the Punjab province and is the capital of Bahawalpur District.
Bhakkar (, Seraiki: بھکر) is the capital city of Bhakkar District, Punjab, Pakistan.
It is located at 31°37'60N 71°4'0E at an elevation of 159 metres and lies on the left bank of the Indus river.
It has a population of almost 300,000 people and was given district status in 1981.
It is also the capital of the tehsil of the same name (Bhakkar Tehsil).
Chakwal is a city in Pakistan.
It is in the Punjab province and is the capital of Chakwal District.
Dera Ghazi Khan is a city in Pakistan.
It is in the Punjab province and is the capital of Dera Ghazi Khan District.
Faisalabad, formerly known as Lyallpur, is the third largest metropolis in Pakistan.
It is in the Punjab province and is the capital of Faisalabad District.
The city is an important centre of trade and industry.
A Union Council or Village Council in Pakistan is an elected local government body that has 21 councillors.
They are elected by the people.
Each Union Council is headed by a Nazim, which is similar to a mayor, and a Naib Nazim (similar to a deputy mayor).
Union Councils are the fifth level (the lowest level) of government in Pakistan.
Union Councils are often known as "Village Councils" in rural areas, the area represented by a Village Council usually comprises a large village and surrounding areas, often including nearby small villages.
The term "Union Council" may be used for areas that are part of cities.
Each Union Council is governed by a Union Nazim (similar to a mayor), each union council has 13 elected members known as councillors.
As well as four male and two female members elected directly, there are two male and two female representatives of the labour, a minority member, a Union Nazim and his deputy known as Union Naib Nazim.
Also as well as the elected members, there are several government employees and functionaries in every union council, who report to the Secretary of the Union Council.
The last one is a civil servant appointed by the state.
The territory of a Union Council or Village Council is usually part of a tehsil, (a tehsil is a district subdivision).
Less commonly, a Union Council may be part of a City District.
Structure of local Government
the federal government governs the provinces (allocation of resources and policy decisions.
the provinces govern the districts etc.
the union councils are involved directly in local government administration.
Local government of Pakistan
Seer Gharbi is one of the 51 Union Councils of Abbottabad District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of the country of Pakistan.
It is in the southeastern part of the province, bordering the Rawalpindi District of Punjab province.
Seer Gharbi means Western Seer.
This is because there are two towns called Seer and are very near to each other.
The other Seer is known as Seer Sharqi, which means Eastern Seer.
2005 earthquake
On October 8, 2005, Seer Gharbi, like much of Abbottabad District, was affected by an earthquake.
However the number of people killed or injured was low, the damage was largely to buildings and damage to water supplies.
Union Councils of Abbottabad District
Tranmere Rovers Football Club is an English football club, They were a member of The Football League until 2015, when they were relegated to the Football Conference.
Their main rivals are Chester, Wrexham, Bolton and Everton.
1884-1885 Belmont F.C.
1885-present Tranmere Rovers F.C.
Corumbá is a Brazilian city of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul.
It has about 120,000 inhabitants and an area of 64.960,86 km².
Sir Christopher Frank Carandini Lee CBE, CStJ (27 May 1922  7 June 2015) was an English actor.
He was a direct descendent of Marie Carandini and Robert E. Lee.
Lee was best known for his many movie characters.
For example, Dracula and Fu Manchu in many movies during the 1950s through the 1970s.
He became even better known as Scaramanga in the Bond movie The Man with the Golden Gun, Saruman the White in  The Lord of the Rings trilogy and Count Dooku in Star Wars Episode II: Attack of the Clones.
He performed roles in 275 movies since 1946.
He appeared in over 75 television programs.
Lee was also a voice actor, providing his voice in over 50 movies.
This made him the Guinness World Record holder for most movie acting roles ever.
Lee was also a singer and his latest album was released in 2013.
Lee lived in London.
He was married to Danish model Birgit Kroencke.
Lee was born in Belgravia, London, England, on 27 May 1922.
He and his older sister Xandra were raised by Estelle Marie and Geoffrey Trollope until their divorce in 1926.
Trollope was a professional soldier.
Later, while Lee was still a child, his mother married (and later divorced) Harcourt George "Ingle" St. Croix, a banker.
Lee studied at Wellington College from age 14 to 17.
After this, he worked as an office clerk in a couple of London shipping companies.
In 1941, he enlisted in the RAF during World War II.
After military service, Lee joined the Rank Organisation in 1947.
He trained as an actor in their "Charm School".
He played many small parts in movies, for example, Corridor of Mirrors (1948).
He had a small part in Laurence Olivier's Hamlet (1948).
Peter Cushing was also in this movie.
Lee and Cushing also both acted in Moulin Rouge (1952) but did not meet until later when they did horror movies together.
They are well known for working together in horror movies.
Hammer Films
Lee had many parts in movies and television during the 1950s.
He did not become famous until he started working with Hammer Film Productions.
With Hammer Films, he acted in The Curse of Frankenstein (1957), Dracula (1958), The Mummy (1959), and The Hound of the Baskervilles (1959).
All of these movies also starred Cushing.
Lee continued his role as "Dracula" in many Hammer sequels during the 1960s and early 1970s.
During this time, he acted many times as Fu Manchu.
The most notable was in the first of the series The Face of Fu Manchu (1965).
He also acted in many movies in Europe.
With his own production company, Charlemagne Productions, Ltd., Lee made Nothing But the Night (1972) and To the Devil a Daughter (1976).
By the mid-1970s, Lee wanted to stop making horror movies.
He acted in several mainstream movies, for example The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes (1970), The Three Musketeers (1973), The Four Musketeers (1974), and the James Bond movie The Man with the Golden Gun (1974).
Because these movies were very well liked, he chose to move to Hollywood in the mid-1970s.
He was a busy actor but most of the work he did for movies and television was not very notable.
Because of this, he decided moved back to England.
Lee's career became very notable again in the early 2000s.
His acting in The Lord of the Rings movie trilogy (2001–2003) (as Saruman the White) and Star Wars Episode II: Attack of the Clones (2002) (as Count Dooku) caused this.
Lee is the only member of the cast of The Lord of the Rings trilogy who met author J.R.R. Tolkien.
Lee died at the Chelsea and Westminster Hospital on 7 June 2015 at 8:30 am after being admitted for respiratory problems and heart failure, shortly after celebrating his 93rd birthday there.
His wife delayed the public announcement until 11 June, in order to break the news to their family.
In 2001, he was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire for his contributions to the movie and television industries.
He was knighted for services to drama and charity in 2009.
He received the BAFTA Fellowship in 2011.
Official Christopher Lee web site
Concerning his role in The Lord of the Rings movies
Guardian Unlimited Profile
Interview in starwars.com
Obituary: Sir Christopher Lee by BBC News
Liv Tyler (born July 1, 1977) is an American actress and former model.
She is best known for her roles of Grace Stamper in Armageddon and Arwen in The Lord of the Rings movie trilogy.
She is the daughter of Aerosmith's singer, Steven Tyler.
Tyler was born Liv Rundgren at Mount Sinai Hospital in Manhattan, New York City, New York.
She is the first born daughter of Bebe Buell, a model, singer, and was the Playboy Playmate of the month Miss November 1974, and Steven Tyler, the lead singer of Aerosmith.
Her maternal grandmother, Dorothea Johnson, founded the Protocol School of Washington.
Her mother named her after Norwegian actress Liv Ullmann.
At birth, Bebe Buell claimed that rock star Todd Rundgren was Tyler's biological father.
Tyler spent most of her childhood living with that understanding, only finding her true parentage at age nine, after meeting Steven Tyler at a Rundgren concert in Boston.
Also, when Tyler was growing up, Steven Tyler started coming to visit.
Then at another meeting in 1988, seeing that Steven Tyler's other daughter, Mia, looked very similar to herself, she asked her mother.
The truth about Tyler's paternity did not become public until 1991, when she changed her name from Rundgren to Tyler, but kept the old one as a middle name.
Buell's reason for the decision was that Steven Tyler was too heavily addicted to drugs at that time.
Since knowing the truth about her paternity, Liv and Steven Tyler have had a close relationship.
They have even made their careers intertwine when Liv performed in Aerosmith's video "Crazy" and when Aerosmith wrote and performed many of the songs in Liv's movie Armageddon.
Tyler went to the Congressional School of Virginia, Breakwater Elementary and Wayneflete schools (in Portland, Maine) before returning to New York City with her mother at the age of twelve.
She went to York Prep in NYC for Junior High and High School, graduating in 1995.
One month later Tyler set off for Italy, to star in Stealing Beauty.
Lovely Liv Tyler , a website endorsed by Liv Tyler
Models from Manhattan
Dourados is a Brazilian city of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul.
It has about 200,000 inhabitants and an area of .
This article is about the composer; for the Italian town see Gesualdo.
Carlo Gesualdo, known as Gesualdo da Venosa (born probably 8 March  1566; died  8 September 1613), Prince of Venosa and Count of Conza, was an Italian music composer, lutenist and murderer.
He lived in the late part of the Renaissance period.
He is famous for his beautifully expressive madrigals which are written in a very chromatic style (using lots of sharps and flats).
He is also remembered for committing a horrible murder.
Gesualdo came from an aristocratic family.
He was probably born at Venosa, but we know hardly anything about his early life.
We know that he was extremely interested in music when he was small and showed very little interest in anything else.
He played the lute, harpsichord and guitar.
The murders
In 1586 Gesualdo married his first cousin, Donna Maria d'Avalos, the daughter of the Marquis of Pescara.
Two years later she began to have a love affair with Fabrizio Carafa, the Duke of Andria.
For two years her husband knew nothing about her love affair.
Then one day he returned unexpectedly to his palace (he may have suspected that something was happening) and found them making love.
He murdered them both in their bed.
He then left their bodies in front of the palace for everyone to see.
In those days in Italy a nobleman  could not be arrested and punished.
However, someone might have wanted to kill him in revenge, so he ran away to the town of Gesualdo where he had a castle.
A lot of people heard about the murders.
Famous poets such as Tasso wrote poems about it.
Nothing was done to arrest Gesualdo, however.
Some people at the time said that he also murdered one of Maria’s babies because he thought he might not have been the father.
Other people even said that he murdered his father-in-law when he came wanting to kill him in revenge, but we do not know whether this was true.
Ferrara years
In 1594 Gesualdo went to the town of  Ferrara which was famous for music which was being composed by modern composers experimenting with new ideas.
He spent two years there and composed his first book of madrigals.
There he married another woman who was a niece of Duke Alfonso II d’Este.
The couple moved back to Gesualdo in 1597.
Return to Gesualdo, and final years
After returning to his castle at Gesualdo from Ferrara in 1597, he tried to make the town famous for music.
He invited some of Italy’s most famous musicians to come and work for him.
Since he was very rich he could afford to do this.
However, the music making only took place in his castle (printing with Giovanni Giacomo Carlino).
Gesualdo spent the last years of his life doing nothing except music.
He hardly ever left his castle.
Gesualdo’s new marriage was not a happy one.
His wife said he was cruel and she tried to divorce him.
She spent a lot of time away from the castle and wrote him angry letters.
Late in life he suffered from depression and madness.
We do not know whether this was because he felt bad about being a murderer, but he probably did feel guilty.
He often made his servants hit him.
He also wrote very strange letters to a cardinal asking him to send him some of his dead uncle’s skeleton because he thought these remains would make him better.
Gesualdo died alone at his castle.
The chapel where he was buried was destroyed by an earthquake in 1688.
There is still a burial plaque in the rebuilt church.
We think it is likely that Gesualdo felt terribly guilt all his life about the murders he had committed, and these guilty feelings can be heard in his music.
The words of his madrigals are often very emotional: they are about "love", "pain", "death", "ecstasy", "agony".
Of course, other madrigal composers used such words, but Gesualdo’s music is really extreme.
It is often wildly chromatic.
Other composers did not copy his style.
He wrote both sacred (religious) and secular (non-religious) songs, and some music for instruments.
His most famous compositions are his six published books of madrigals (between 1594 and 1611), as well as his Tenebrae Responsories, which are very much like madrigals, except that they use texts from the Passion story about Christ’s death on the cross.
Lutenists
Nanny - a person that is hired to take care of children.
The Nanny - a 1993 television comedy.
A grandmother (see grandmother, grandparent)
A female goat
The Nanny, a 1993–99 American television program starring Fran Drescher
The Nanny, a 1964 novel by Merriam Modell
The Nanny, a 1965 British movie starring Bette Davis
The Nanny, a 1999 Italian movie
Nanny (comics), a Marvel Comics super villain
AdventureQuest is an RPG (role-playing game) made by Artix Entertainment.
DragonFable
MechQuest
AdventureQuest Worlds
ArchKnight
ZardWars
A conflict is a struggle between people which  may be physical, or between conflicting ideas.
The word comes from Latin conflingere Conflingere means to come together for a battle.
Conflicts can either be within one person, or they can involve several people or groups.
Conflicts arise because there are needs, values or ideas that are seen to be different, and there is no means to reconcile the dispute.
Very often, conflicts lead to fights, or even wars (in the case where conflicts are solved with weapons).
Conflict between ideas is usually  fought with propaganda.
A constructed script (also artificial script, neography, and conscript for short) is a kind of writing system.
It is a writing system that is specifically created by an individual or group, and is not like an evolved natural script.
In contrast, natural scripts evolve and grow as part of a natural language or culture.
Some constructed scripts are made to be used for constructed languages.
Other constructed scripts are used in linguistic experimentation or for other more practical uses in existing languages.
An Inspector Calls is a play written in 1945 by the British playwright J. B. Priestley, but set in 1912.
Its socialist views ran against the capitalist views of many theatres visitors.
It was first performed in 1946 in two Moscow theatres.
It was then first produced in London at the New Theatre on 1 October 1946.
The play shows the way in which people are all connected, and reflects Priestley's socialist views while outlining the problems he saw with capitalism.
The main themes in the play are an equitable (fair) society, responsibility and love.
Dramatic presentation
The play is set in the town of Brumley.
It is about a police inspector, Inspector Goole, who questions a family about the suicide of a young woman whom the family knew.
Many events which happen after the play are contradicted by Arthur Birling, such as the Titanic being unsinkable and that war with Germany would never happen.
These are examples of dramatic irony.
The play takes place in one set (the dining room of the Birlings' house), in real time.
This is a dramatic device which keeps the audience's attention on the dialogue as well as the timing of the entrances and exits.
Foreshadowing is used throughout the play.
Another dramatic technique or device used is how Priestley ends his acts.
Each time, near the end of the act, the inspector drops a bombshell of information that we are  to think about.
He makes us ponder over all that happened in that act.
Dramatic devices
J. B. Priestley uses dramatic devices and dramatic irony to signal characters and introduce the inspector.
For example, the house is pink and intimate while they are celebrating the engagement, but when the sharp ring of a door bell is heard, the lighting changes to a brighter and harder colour.
Some believe that it represents an interrogation room due to the bright lights that are shining on the Birlings as the inspector comes in and picks the story out of them bit by bit.
Dramatic irony is used throughout the play to create prejudice between Mr. Birling and the audience.
Olivier Award PlayRevival 1991–2000
Tony Award PlayRevival 1994–2000
The Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) is a rebel group involved in the Darfur conflict of Sudan.
It is led by Khalil Ibrahim.
Together with other rebel groups such as the Sudan Liberation Army, they are fighting against the government-supported Janjaweed militia.
The JEM is also a member of the Eastern Front, a rebel coalition.
After the Eastern Front signed a peace deal with the central government, the JEM lost access to its funding from Eritrea.
The JEM traces its foundation to the writers of the Black Book, a manuscript published in 2000 that shows some problems.
JEM has an Islamist ideology, and the government links the group to Hassan al-Turabi, although leaders of the group and Turabi himself deny the claim.
However, al-Turabi blames the government for making the situation worse".
On January 20, 2006, the group merged with the Sudan Liberation Movement, along with other rebel groups, to form the Alliance of Revolutionary Forces of West Sudan.
However, the JEM and SLM negotiated as separate groups with peace talks with the government in May 2006.
In October of 2007, the JEM attacked an oilfield in the Kordofan region of Sudan.
This olified is controlled by a Chinese consortium.
The next month, a group of 135 Chinese engineers arrived in Darfur to work on this field.
Ibrahim told reporters, "We oppose them coming because the Chinese are not interested in human rights.
It is just interested in Sudan's resources."
The JEM claims that the revenue from oil sold to China funds the Sudanese government and the Janjaweed militia.
On the morning of December 11th, 2007, Khalil Ibrahim claimed that JEM forces fought and defeated Sudanese government troops guarding a Chinese-run oilfield in the Kordofan region.
Ibrahim said that the attack was part of a JEM campaign to rid Sudan of Chinese-run oilfields and stated that "[The JEM] want all Chinese companies to leave.
They should not be there."
Upcoming Peace Talks Will Not Solve the Complex Darfur Problem , The Power and Interest News Report
BBC background on the SLA and JEM:
BBC Darfur on the brink of new conflict as the SLA now joins the government fighting against rebel groups including the JEM:
Justice and Equality Movement The JEM's homepage
Greater Nile Petroleum Operating Company's website
Holden is the name of an Australian brand of automobile.
Holden can also mean:
Holden, Alberta
In Norway
Holden, Lierne, a lake in Nord-Trøndelag
Holden, Verran, a lake in Nord-Trøndelag
Holden, Louisiana
Holden, Maine
Holden, Massachusetts
Holden, Missouri
Holden, Utah
Holden, West Virginia
Holden Township, Minnesota
Holden, Vermont
Holden Beach, North Carolina
Holden Heights, Florida
Holden Village, Washington
Caroline Holden, character from the television series Baywatch, portrayed by Yasmine Bleeth
Holden Caulfield, the main character in J.D. Salinger's novel The Catcher in the Rye
Holden Worther, Thomas Worther from The Good Girl took his name from  J.D. Salinger's The Catcher in the Rye
Holden Carver, the main character in the DC Comics/Wildstorm comic book series Sleeper
Judge Holden, a character in Cormac McCarthy's novel Blood Meridian, maybe real
Martha Holden, character from the soap opera Home and Away, portrayed by Jodi Gordon
The Holdens, minor family from the soap opera One Life to Live
Tony Holden, character from the Australian television soap opera Home and Away, portrayed by Jon Sivewright
Holden, a character in the movie Blade Runner played by Morgan Paull
Holden (lunar crater), a lunar crater attached to the much larger Vendelinus crater
Holden (Martian crater), a wide crater on Mars.
Holden (band), a French pop-rock band
Alexandra Holden (1977-), American actress
Albert Fairchild Holden (1866-1913), founder of Holden Arboretum
Amanda Holden (1971-), English actress
Anthony Holden (1947-), British journalist
Bill Holden (1948-), walked for fund-raising for the American Diabetes Association
Bob Holden (1949-), Former Governor of Missouri
Charles Holden (1875-1960), British architect
Clive Holden, Canadian multimedia artist and poet
Dean Holden (1979-), Northern Irish professional football player
Edith Holden (1871-1920), British artist and art teacher
Edward Holden (1885-1947), Australian vehicle manufacturer
Edward Singleton Holden (1846–1914), American astronomer
Frank Holden (1952-), Australian entertainer
Gina Holden (1975-), Canadian actress
Gloria Holden (1908–1991), English actress
Hubert Ashton Holden (1822-1896), English classical scholar
Kate Holden (1972-), Australian writer
Isaac Holden (1807–1897), English inventor and manufacturer
Jack Holden (athlete) (1907-2004), English long-distance runner
James Holden (engineer) (1837–1925), English locomotive engineer.
James Holden (actor) (1920-2005), American actor.
James Holden (producer), electronic music producer and DJ.
Jan Holden (1931–2005), English actress
Jennifer Holden (1936-), American actress
Jody Holden (1968-), Canadian beach volleyball player.
John Rose Holden (1821–1879), Canadian politician and lawyer
Jon Robert Holden (1976-), a naturalized Russian professional basketball player, originally from the United States.
Josh Holden (1978-), Canadian professional ice hockey center.
Judge Holden (19th century), hypothetical accomplice of the Glanton scalphunter gang
Kip Holden (1952-), Democratic Mayor-President of East Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana
Kristen Holden-Ried, Canadian actor
Laurie Holden (1966-), American actress
Lewis Holden, New Zealand economist
Mari Holden (1971-), American cycle racer
Marjean Holden, American actress
Mark Holden (1954-), Australian singer and television personality
Nate Holden (1929-), served on the Los Angeles City Council from 1987 to 2002
Oliver Holden (1765-1844), American composer and compiler of hymns
P. J. Holden (1969-), Northern Irish comic artist
Perry Greeley Holden (1865–1959), first professor of agronomy in the United States
Rebecca Holden (1958-), American actress, singer, and entertainer
Reuben A. Holden, Jr. (1890-1967), American tennis player
Richard Holden (dancer) (1927-), American dancer and choreographer
Richard Holden (politician) (1931–2005), Canadian lawyer and member of the National Assembly of Quebec
Robert Holden, British landscape architect
S. D. Holden (1870-1917), British engineer, son of James Holden
Stewart Holden (1979-), British competitive Scrabble player
Stuart Holden (1985-), Scottish/American football player
Taylor Holden, aka Wendy Holden, former journalist and novel writer
Tim Holden (1957-), Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives
Tony Holden, television producer and director
Wendy Holden (1965-), British journalist and author of humorous novels
William Holden (1918–1981), American actor
William Curry Holden (1896-1993), American historian and archaeologist, first director of the Museum of Texas Tech University
William Woods Holden (1818–1892), Republican Governor of North Carolina
External history
J. R. R. Tolkien was a philologist, and he was interested in language since he was a child.
He invented several languages, which he then used in his Middle-earth writings.
Aside from the external history, most of his languages have also an invented "internal history".
The internal history means how the languages evolved and were used inside the fictional story by the fictional people who spoke them.
Some of Tolkien's languages have a detailed grammar and vocabulary.
Other languages are not very detailed, and some languages have only a few words and names.
Quenya and Sindarin are the best and most developed languages, while others like Rohirric, Khuzdûl, or Black Speech, are not so developed.
Languages of Middle-earth
Elvish languages