the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
|2008||rowspan="3"|Gifu||rowspan="3"|J. League 2||38||2||2||0||colspan="2"|-||40||2
|2009||8||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||8||0
|2004||rowspan="3"|Urawa Red Diamonds||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||1||0||0||0||0||0||1||0
|2007||Ehime||J. League 2||46||1||4||0||colspan="2"|-||50||1
|2008||Shonan Bellmare||J. League 2||16||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||16||0
|2009||rowspan="4"|Ehime||rowspan="4"|J. League 2||46||2||0||0||colspan="2"|-||46||2
The Boeing X-37 is an unpiloted demonstration spaceplane that is intended to test future spaceflight technologies while in orbit and during atmospheric reentry.
It is a reusable robotic spacecraft based on the smaller X-40.
The X-37 began as a NASA project in 1999, then was transferred to the US Department of Defense in 2004.
The X-37 had its first flight as a drop test in April 2006 at Edwards AFB.
The spacecraft was launched in April 2010 to begin a United States Air Force mission.
In 1999, NASA chose Boeing to design the vehicle.
The vehicle was built at the California branch of Boeing's Phantom Works.
At the end of 2002, a new $300 million contract was awarded to Boeing in the framework of NASA’s Space Launch Initiative.
The X-37 was transferred from NASA to the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency in September, 2004.
The program has become a secretive, though it is not known whether DARPA will maintain this status for the project.
In June 2005, the X-37 completed a captive-carry flight underneath the White Knight at Mojave Spaceport, Mojave, California.
Through the second half of 2005, the X-37 underwent structural upgrades including reinforcement of the nose wheel supports.
Further captive-carry flight tests and the first drop test were expected mid-February 2006.
March 2006 was scheduled for the X-37's first free flight but a snow storm covered the area, dropping snow on the Mojave.
The next flight attempt in March was canceled due to high winds.
In late March the X-37 flew, but a flaw prevented the free flight and the vehicle returned to the ground still docked with its White Knight carrier.
In April 2006, the X-37 made its first free glide flight.
During landing the vehicle ran off the runway.
After the vehicle was repaired, the program moved from Mojave to Air Force Plant 42 (KPMD) in Palmdale, California for the remainder of the flight test program.
White Knight continued to be based at Mojave, but would ferry over to Plant 42 when flights were scheduled.
Five additional flights were performed, at least one of which is believed to have been a free flight with a successful landing.
In November 2006 the U.S. Air Force announced it would develop the X-37B from the NASA X-37A. The Air Force version is designated X-37B Orbital Test Vehicle (OTV).
The OTV program builds on industry and government investments by DARPA, NASA and the Air Force.
The X-37B effort will be led by the Air Force Rapid Capabilities Office and includes partnerships with NASA and the Air Force Research Laboratory.
Boeing is the prime contractor for the OTV program.
The X-37B can remain in orbit for up to 270 days at a time.
The X-37B was originally scheduled for launch in the payload bay of the Space Shuttle, but following the Columbia accident, it was transferred to a Delta II.
It was then transferred to the Atlas V following concerns over the spacecraft's aerodynamic properties during launch.
The main engines are fueled by JP-8 kerosene, a military standard jet fuel.
The maneuvering engines are fueled by hydrogen peroxide.
This is wrong, the propellants were changed to hypergols long ago when it was a NASA program.
This vehicle has the potential to become the United States' first operational military spaceplane, after the cancellation of Dyna-Soar in 1963.
It is expected to operate in a velocity range of up to Mach 25 on reentry.
Among the technologies to be demonstrated with the X-37 are improved thermal protection systems, avionics, the autonomous guidance system, and an advanced airframe.
The on-board engine is the Rocketdyne AR-2/3, which is fueled by hydrogen peroxide and JP-8.
The test vehicle, which was used as an atmospheric drop test glider, had no propulsion system.
Instead of an operational vehicle's payload bay doors it had an enclosed and reinforced upper fuselage structure to allow it to be mated with a mothership.
Most of the thermal protection tiles were 'fake', made of inexpensive foam rather than ceramic; a smaller number of the X-37's tiles were actual TPS tiles, and TPS blankets were used in areas where heating would not have been severe enough to require tiles.
X-37 Fact Sheet and X-37 news on NASA.gov
X-37 page on designation-systems.net
X-37 page on globalsecurity.org
"Air Force spaceplane is an odd bird with a twisted past".
Spaceflightnow.com
Puerto Natales is a Chilean commune.
It is in the Region of Magallanes and the Chilean Antarctica.
The city was founded in 1911.
It had 19,116 people as of 2002.
It is also the capital of the Province of Última Esperanza.
An aftershock is a smaller earthquake which comes after a large earthquake (called the main shock) in the same area.
An aftershock is the opposite of a foreshock, which a small earthquake comes before the large earthquake.
Omori's Law
There are many laws which refer to aftershocks, but the most famous is Omori's Law.
In 1894, Fusakichi Omori did some works on aftershocks, and firstly he came up with this rule:
"t" is time.
"n(t)" is the rate of earthquakes in a time after the main shock
"c" is a constant
"K" is the size of the earthquake.
By 1961, Utsu wanted to change the rule.
His rule looked like this:
A barcode is a way of storing numbers printed in a way that a computer can easily read.
The first barcodes stored the numbers using lines (bars).
The first use of barcodes was to label railroad rolling stock.
They became a big success when they were used in supermarket checkout systems.
The first product that used a barcode was a pack of Wrigley's Juicy Fruit Gum sold on June 26, 1974.
It was invented by IBM engineer George J. Laurer.
Barcodes are now used for many purposes.
Norman Joseph Woodland and  Bernard Silver developed the modern barcode, and were granted a patent for it in 1952.
The idea was to make the checkout of articles easier, using a code which was inspired by Morse code.
In 1959, David Collins developed a system for tracking railroad carriages which used barcodes.
This system was unreliable, because of dirt on the barcodes.
In the 1970s, the system was abandoned, but in the 1980s, a similar system which used radio tags was introduced.
The first designs used the width and spacing of lines; these types are known as one-dimensional barcodes.
Examples are the European Article Number or the Universal Product Code.
Some designs use two dimensional codes.
In these codes, dots that are either white or black are used.
Such codes can store more information than one-dimensional codes.
Examples are the Secure Quick Response Code, Aztec Code, BeeTagg or RMS4CC.
The standard barcode uses changes in lines and spaces to store numbers in a code that computers can read.
The lines are read by a scanner and changed into numbers.
It is designed that it can be read forwards or backwards, so the user does not have to be careful how a product is put in front of the reader.
A laser line can be used to scan (read) the changes.
The laser scanners are also called barcode readers.
Since this laser line scans in one direction (left or right), this is called a 1D barcode.
Newer 2D systems use symbols other than bars and can hold more information, but they are also called barcodes.
They need to be scanned left or right, and up or down (two directions).
QR codes were invented in 1994 to use in factories to track parts and products.
People use them for many purposes in the 21st century.
Special software can read QR from an image.
Smartphones can have an app to show and read them.
This is becoming increasingly popular as more apps are able to use such features to help the user obtain access to websites and special resources, such as being used in 'digital cities', such as Bordeaux.
Many kinds of tickets, including those for transport, have a QR code.
Barcodes — especially the Universal Product Code, UPC — have slowly become an important part of modern life.
They are used in many places, and the technology is constantly improving.
Some modern uses of barcodes are:
Almost everything bought in a store has a Stock-Keeping Unit using a UPC barcode.
This greatly helps in keeping track of a large number of items in a store.
They are used to identify patients in a hospital, helping doctors and nurses track patients and their medical history.
The tracking of things that move, including rental cars, airline luggage, railroad cars, nuclear waste, and mail.
Since 2005, airlines have used a 2D barcode on boarding passes.
Entertainment tickets can have barcodes to enter sports arenas, cinemas, theatres, fairgrounds, etc.
In sales, the use of barcodes can provide up-to-date information to help the business.
Things that are sold can be ordered before the store runs out of them.
Changes in price can be updated one time in the computer, so the cashier doesn't need to look it up or remember what's on sale.
Products can be tracked over time, to predict seasonal changes in demand.
When used on a company card used by shoppers, the company can track the buying patterns of shoppers.
barcodes can also be used to store data from machines
Nathalia Goyannes Dill Orrico, better known as Nathalia Dill (March 24, 1986 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) is a Brazilian actress.
She played the villain, Débora Rios, in the fifteenth season of the series Malhação.
In her last television work, Nathalia was protagonist of the novel "Paraíso", Benedito Ruy Barbosa, where she played the character Maria Rita (Santinha).
OMR (optical mark recognition) is a form of automated data input.
Marks are made on a specially printed paper forms which are then read by an OMR reader.
The data is then sent to a computer for processing.
One of the most common uses of OMR is in multiple choice examinations.
Students mark their answers on specially printed sheets using either a pencil or a special marker.
The sheets are then collected in and the data read using a sheet feed OMR scanner
Attendance registers in schools
Survey forms for market research
Time sheets in factories
Lottery Forms
The technology is easy to use and requires little training
This helps us to easily detect mistakes in an answer sheet
Marks have to be accurately positioned to prevent mistakes
False readings can make data entry slow
Optical character recognition (OCR) is a method of automatic data entry.
OCR software is used to convert handwritten, type-written or printed text into data that can be edited on a computer.
In simple systems, the paper documents are scanned with an image scanner.
The OCR software then looks at the image and compares the shapes of the letters to stored images of letters.
In this way, it makes a text file that can be edited with a normal text editor.
More complex systems look at images, layout and so on.
This can make editable electronic versions which look identical to the original documents.
OCR-Software
Adobe Acrobat Professional (Windows, Mac OS)
BIT-Alpha (Windows)
ExactScan Pro (Mac OS)
FineReader (Unix, Windows)
OCRKit (Mac OS)
Readiris (Unix, Windows, Mac OS)
Nuance Omnipage (Windows)
OCRvision (Windows)
The historic river was the first natural route linking the coast to the state plateaus.
At the start of the settling, it was named Cubatão, being considered the richest gold river, thus contributing significantly to the development of the counties.
Istrian Italians are one of the ethnic groups of Istria.
The others are Croatians, Slovenians and Istrorumanians.
The Istrian Italians are the descendants of the romanized Illyrian population of Istria during the Roman Empire.
During the Middle Ages they were under domination of many political states, like the Byzantine Empire and the Holy Roman Empire.
But most of the time they were under the Republic of Venice, especially during the Renaissance.
The Istrian Italians enjoyed a huge cultural development in the centuries under Venice: Pola and Capodistria were important centers of art and culture during the Italian Renaissance.
Personalities like Pier Paolo Vergerio (a famous "Humanist") and Santorius Santorio (a physician who discovered the medical thermometer) are renowned worldwide.
In the last two centuries, the Istrian Italians, who were the majority of the population of Istria under Napoleon, have been in continuous ethnic fighting with the Slavs of Istria.
As a consequence, they have been reduced to a small minority, who have survived the Istrian exodus and the Foibe massacres during and after WWII.
According to the Italian Census done in 1936, in the peninsula of Istria there were 294,000 residents; most were Istrian Italians.
Here, there are the percentages for all the Istrian cities/districts:
Currently, there are nearly 50,000 Istrian Italians; a small minority of the Istria peninsula population.
They are mainly divided between Croatia and Slovenia, but a few thousand still live in Italy (in the coastal city of Muggia near Trieste).
Benussi, Bernardo.
L'Istria nei suoi due millenni di storia.
Treves-Zanichelli.
Trieste 1924.
Valentina Vassilyevna Tolkunova (Валентина Васильевна Толкунова; b. 12 July 1946, Armavir - d. 22 March 2010, Moscow) was a Russian singer.
|1995||Sanfrecce Hiroshima||J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0
Luke Moore (born 13 February 1986) is an English footballer.
|2003/04||Aston Villa||Premier League||7||0||0||0||0||0||7||0
|2003/04||Wycombe Wanderers||Second Division||6||4||0||0||0||0||6||4
|2004/05||rowspan="4"|Aston Villa||rowspan="4"|Premier League||25||1||1||0||1||0||27||1
|2005/06||27||8||3||0||2||0||32||8
|2006/07||13||4||0||0||1||0||14||4
|2007/08||15||1||1||0||2||1||18||2
|2007/08||rowspan="3"|West Bromwich Albion||League Championship||10||0||0||0||0||0||10||0
|2008/09||Premier League||21||1||1||0||1||0||23||1
Furuta was born in Hiroshima on October 27, 1952.
After graduating from Waseda University, he joined his local club Toyo Industries (later Mazda) in 1975.
The club won second place at 1978 Emperor's Cup.
On August 13, 1971, when Furuta was a Waseda University student, he debuted for the Japan national team against Iceland.
It was the youngest player to play for Japan national team at the age of 18 years and 29 days until Daisuke Ichikawa made new record in 1998.
He played at 1974 and 1978 Asian Games.
He played 32 games for Japan until 1978.
Anthony Le Tallec (born 3 October 1984) is a French football player.
He plays for Le Mans.
|2001/02||rowspan="2"|Le Havre||Division 2||24||5
|2002/03||Division 1||30||2
|2003/04||Liverpool||Premier League||13||0
|2004/05||Saint-Étienne||Ligue 1||7||1
|2004/05||Liverpool||Premier League||4||0
|2005/06||Sunderland||Premier League||27||3
|2006/07||Sochaux-Montbéliard||Ligue 1||25||4
|2007/08||rowspan="3"|Le Mans||rowspan="3"|Ligue 1||26||5
|2008/09||34||6
Lee Bowyer (born 3 January 1977) was an English football player.
He played for Birmingham City.
|1994/95||rowspan="2"|Charlton Athletic||rowspan="2"|First Division||5||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||5||0
|1995/96||43||8||3||1||6||5||colspan="2"|-||52||14
|1996/97||rowspan="7"|Leeds United||rowspan="7"|Premier League||32||4||4||2||0||0||colspan="2"|-||36||6
|1997/98||25||3||3||0||2||1||colspan="2"|-||30||4
|1998/99||35||9||4||0||2||0||4||0||45||9
|1999/00||33||5||3||1||1||0||11||5||48||11
|2000/01||38||9||1||0||0||0||15||6||54||15
|2001/02||25||5||1||0||1||0||3||2||30||7
|2002/03||15||3||0||0||1||0||5||0||21||3
|2002/03||West Ham United||Premier League||10||0||1||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||11||0
|2003/04||rowspan="3"|Newcastle United||rowspan="3"|Premier League||24||2||0||0||0||0||1||0||25||2
|2004/05||27||3||2||1||1||0||11||4||41||8
|2005/06||28||1||2||0||1||0||3||1||34||2
|2006/07||rowspan="3"|West Ham United||rowspan="3"|Premier League||20||0||0||0||0||0||2||0||22||0
|2007/08||15||4||2||0||3||0||colspan="2"|-||20||4
|2008/09||6||0||0||0||1||1||colspan="2"|-||7||1
|2008/09||rowspan="2"|Birmingham City||League Championship||17||1||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||17||1
Justin Hoyte (born 20 November 1984) is an English football player.
He plays for FC Cincinnati.
|2002/03||rowspan="3"|Arsenal||rowspan="3"|Premier League||1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||1||0
|2003/04||1||0||0||0||2||0||0||0||3||0
|2004/05||5||0||1||0||3||0||0||0||9||0
|2005/06||Sunderland||Premier League||27||1||2||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||30||1
|2006/07||rowspan="2"|Arsenal||rowspan="2"|Premier League||22||1||4||0||4||0||6||0||36||1
|2007/08||5||0||3||0||5||0||2||0||15||0
|2008/09||rowspan="2"|Middlesbrough||Premier League||22||0||4||0||2||0||0||0||28||0
Armand Traoré (born 8 October 1989) is a French football player.
|2006/07||rowspan="2"|Arsenal||rowspan="2"|Premier League||0||0||1||0||6||0||0||0||7||0
|2007/08||3||0||2||0||4||0||2||0||11||0
|2008/09||Portsmouth||Premier League||19||1||2||0||1||0||6||0||28||1
Steven Taylor (born 23 January 1986) is an English football player.
|2003/04||Newcastle United||Premier League||1||0||0||0||0||0||1||0||2||0
|2003/04||Wycombe Wanderers||Second Division||6||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||6||0
|2004/05||rowspan="6"|Newcastle United||rowspan="6"|Premier League||13||0||2||0||0||0||10||0||25||0
|2005/06||12||0||0||0||1||0||4||0||17||0
|2006/07||27||2||2||1||3||0||12||1||44||4
|2007/08||31||1||3||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||36||1
|2008/09||27||4||1||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||29||4
|1998||rowspan="3"|Sanfrecce Hiroshima||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||6||1||0||0||4||1||10||2
|1999||3||0||4||1||0||0||7||1
|2000||8||0||0||0||3||0||11||0
|1991/92||rowspan="2"|Fujitsu||JSL Division 2||28||2||||||1||0||29||2
|1992||Football League||18||1||||||colspan="2"|-||18||1
|1993||rowspan="6"|Sanfrecce Hiroshima||rowspan="6"|J. League 1||27||3||3||0||6||1||36||4
|1994||15||0||1||0||0||0||16||0
|1995||33||0||5||0||colspan="2"|-||38||0
|1996||26||1||5||0||14||0||45||1
|1997||30||0||2||0||5||0||37||0
|1998||24||0||2||0||2||0||28||0
|1999||rowspan="4"|Avispa Fukuoka||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||22||0||2||0||3||0||27||0
|2000||27||0||1||0||2||0||30||0
|2001||29||0||1||0||3||0||33||0
|2002||J. League 2||31||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||31||0
|1990/91||rowspan="4"|Yanmar Diesel||JSL Division 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|1991/92||JSL Division 2||21||4||||||1||0||22||4
|1992||rowspan="2"|Football League||10||1||||||colspan="2"|-||10||1
|1993||16||4||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||16||4
|1994||rowspan="4"|Cerezo Osaka||Football League||24||0||5||0||1||0||30||0
|1995||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||44||4||2||0||colspan="2"|-||46||4
|1996||27||0||1||0||13||0||41||0
|1997||30||0||2||0||6||0||38||0
|1998||Sanfrecce Hiroshima||J. League 1||26||1||0||0||3||0||29||1
|1985/86||rowspan="7"|Mazda||JSL Division 2||||||||||||||||
|1990/91||28||1||||||3||0||31||1
|1991/92||JSL Division 1||9||0||||||3||0||12||0
|1992||rowspan="5"|Sanfrecce Hiroshima||rowspan="5"|J. League 1||colspan="2"|-||0||0||0||0||0||0
|1993||8||0||0||0||4||0||12||0
|1994||37||0||3||0||1||0||41||0
|1995||43||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||45||0
|1996||13||1||2||0||8||0||23||1
|1997||Oita Trinity||Football League||23||2||||||colspan="2"|-||23||2
Francisco Javier García (born 8 February 1987) is a Spanish football player.
|2004/05||rowspan="3"|Real Madrid||rowspan="3"|La Liga||3||0
|2007/08||Osasuna||La Liga||25||2
|2008/09||Real Madrid||La Liga||15||0
|2009/10||Benfica||Portuguese Liga||||
Anything related to Portugal, a country in Europe
Portuguese people
"Simply put, design management is the business side of design.
Design management encompasses the ongoing processes, business decisions, and strategies that enable innovation and create effectively-designed products, services, communications, environments, and brands that enhance our quality of life and provide organizational success."
This means that design management is not limited on a single design discipline.
In his 'Classification of Design' (1976), Gorb divided design into three different classes; design management operates in and across all three categories:
Product (e.g. industrial design, packaging design, service design)
Information (e.g. graphic design, branding, media design, web design)
Environment (e.g. retail design, exhibition design, interior design)
align design strategy with corporate and/or brand strategy
manage quality and consistency of design outcomes across and within different design disciplines (design classes)
enhance new ways of user experience and differentiation from competitors
Supportive activities are used in design management to manage design more efficient ('doing the things right') and effectively ('doing the right things').
Depending on a multitude of factors (such as industry, company size, design focus, market situation and the position / role of design within the company), design managers have a broad range of job profiles, with very different roles, activities and responsibilities.
It is difficult to exactly trace the history of design management.
Even though design management as an expression is first mentioned in literature in 1964, earlier contributions created the context in which design management could arise.
Throughout its history design management was influenced by a number of different disciplines (e.g. architecture, industrial design, management, software development, engineering) and movements (e.g. system theory, design methodologies) and in its understanding it can be attributed neither directly to design nor to management.
Design Management Hierarchy
operational design managementOperational design management is concerned with the management of individual design projects and design teams.
tactical design managementTactical design management addressed the organisation of design resources and design processes.
strategic design managementStrategic design management involves the creation of the strategic, long-term vision & planning for design and deals with defining the role of design within the company.
Design Management Institute
Design Business Council(AUS)
Design Management Europe Award
6th German Conference of Design Management , 2010 May, Cologne (DE) organized by  Bergische Universität Wuppertal and PARK advanced design management.
The middlegame begins when most of the pieces have been developed.
Elements of structure
A middlegame position has a structure, caused by the opening.
• Material: changes in the balance of material are critical.
Material balance is often quite static: it doesn't change for many moves.
On the other hand, material may be sacrificed, usually for a direct attack on the opposing king.
• Development: the opening may have left one player with a lead in development.
• The centre: in the centre pieces have their greatest effect, and some (such as the knight) attack more squares in the centre than at the sides.
• Mobility: a position is mobile if the pieces can get where they need to.
Outposts are what knights need, places where they can't easily be dislodged.
• King safety: where is the king?
If the kings castle on opposite wings, and queens are on the board, both players may try to assault the enemy king.
• Pawns provide the skeleton of a position.
In this way openings influence the whole game.
Notice these things when they occur:
• isolated pawns: they have weak squares in front of them.
A weak square is one which cannot be attacked by a pawn.
• doubled pawns, that is two pawns on the same file (that is, on the same vertical line): another weakness.
• pawns side by side: flexible, mobile, a positive feature.
• chains of pawns: notice the base is weaker than the apex.
• passed pawns, which cannot be stopped by any other pawn.
They have the potential to burst through and disrupt the opponent's position.
• blocked pawn chains: pieces are forced to go one side or the other.
Middlegame types
Central struggles
Isolated Queen's pawn
The Tarrasch variation of the French defence gives us: 1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.Nd2 c5 (3...Nf6 is popular) 4.exd5 exd5 5.Nf3 Nc6 6.Bb5 Bd6 7.dxc5 Bxc5 8.0-0 Ne7 9.Nb3 Bd6 10.Re1 0-0 11.Bg5 Bg4 and so on.
Now the opening is over, and all the pieces are developed.
The isolated black QP is what gives the middlegame its character.
The pawn itself is both a weakness and a potential source of strength.
It controls the very important square e4, but leaves the equally important d4 much weaker.
The position is fairly equal, but the database shows that White has an advantage of about 7%.
Rapid development
In the English opening this line became popular: 1.c4 Nf6 2.Nc3 e6 3.e4 c5 4.e5 Ng8 5.Nf3 Nc6 6.d4 (this is the critical move: White tries to take advantage of his development at the expense of a pawn) 6...cxd4 7.Nxd4 Nxe5 8.Ndb5 a6 9.Nd6+ Bxd6 10.Qxd6 f6 11.Be3 Ne7 12.
Bb6 (looks like it wins the Q) Nf5 and now both 11.Qc5 and 11.Bxd8 give White an advantage of only 2.4%.
The variation involved a number of middlegame themes: rapid development, material sacrifice, exploiting weak squares.
In total, it is a frantic struggle for the centre.
Rapid development is the benefit of the old-style gambits.
An opening such as 1.e4 e5 2.d4 exd4 3.c3 dxc3 4.Bc4 (known as the Danish Gambit) is virtually never played nowadays, but White does get good value for his pawn(s).
Some trainers recommend young players try this out to learn how to get the best out of rapid development.
Central pawn chains
Many middlegames are played around blocked or semi-blocked pawn chains.
The pawn chains are decisive in deciding the players' plans.
These plans often involve a K-side v Q-side struggle, with each player attacking his opponent's pawn base.
French defence structures
This example, from the Winawer variation, is an extreme case.
Each side plays a maximum of moves attacking the opponent's weak side, and as few moves as possible defending his own weak side.
This is a general principle for these unbalanced K-side v Q-side positions.
King's Indian structures
The reason for this is that the black d6 pawn and the white e4 pawn are the bases of their pawn chains.
It was Nimzovich who pointed out that such pawns are usually the most vulnerable to attack.
Safety of the king
Safety of the king is probably the most common theme in the later middlegame.
This example is a classic.
Two pawns up, White could win the endgame by exchanging queens.
However, he thought he saw something better.
1.Rc7
1... Rc5!!
if 2.Rxd7, then 2... Rc1#
if 2.dxc5 then 2... Qd1#
if 2.Rxc5, then 2...Qxb7!,
Value of the pieces
Pawn = 1 Pawn
Knight = 3 Pawns
Bishop = 3 Pawns
Rook = 5 Pawns
Queen = 9 or 10 Pawns
Bishop not in pair = 3 Pawns
Bishop as part of Pair = 3.25 Pawns
Queen = 9 Pawns
Truro Cathedral is the cathedral of the Church of England Diocese of Truro in the city of Truro, Cornwall, in the United Kingdom.
The Bishop of the diocese is Timothy Martin Thornton.
It is one of the three cathedrals in the United Kingdom to have three spires, the other two are Lichfield Cathedral and St Mary's Cathedral in Edinburgh.
The architect of the cathedral was John Loughborough Pearson and it was built in the Gothic Revival style, 1880-1910.
The south aisle of the cathedral was part of the medieval parish church of St Mary.
VHS (short for Video Home System) is a system that uses a videocassette tape to record video and sound, which can be watched on a television.
A DVD/VHS combo can record (write) on VHS tapes, read off VHS tapes, and additionally, read from DVD discs.
A few can also record on DVD.
VHS was so popular that during the 1990s, the terms "videocassette", "videotape", or even just "video" usually referred to the VHS format.
VHS cassettes can be recorded using a video camera.
They can also be recorded with a videocassette recorder, or VCR.
A VCR can use a VHS cassette to record broadcast television.
This system was created in 1976 by the Victor Company of Japan (also called JVC).
VHS was a very popular way for people to record and play video at home in the 1980s and 1990s, but now DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) and Blu-ray have become more popular as they can be easier to use, the quality is higher, they last longer, and the discs and players are cheaper to make.
VHS VCRs, as well as blank tapes and pre-recorded VHS movies, are no longer made, except for a few independent films.
Blank tapes are still widely available as new old stock.
Before VHS
Many companies developed different systems for recording video on a tape cassette, but the first VTR (short for Video Tape Recorder) to become popular and make money was the Ampex VRX-1000, which was introduced in 1956 by Ampex Corporation.
It cost US$50,000 in 1956 (over $400,000 in 2016 money), and US$300 (over $2,000 in 2016 money) for a 90-minute reel of tape.
Because it was so expensive, it was made and sold only for professional recording.
While Kenjiro Takayanagi, a television broadcasting pioneer, was the vice president of JVC, he decided that his company could make money by developing and selling VTRs in Japan, and at a lower price.
In 1959, JVC developed a two-head video tape recorder, and by 1960 they had a color television version for professional broadcasting.
In 1964, JVC released the DV220.
It would be the company's standard VTR until the mid-1970s.
In 1969, JVC worked with Sony Corporation and Matsushita Electric (who owned Panasonic) to design a video recording technical standard for Japanese consumers.
They developed the U-matic tape format in 1971, which was the first format to become a technical standard for VTRs.
The U-matic format was successful in business and some video broadcasting.
However, few people bought U-matic VTRs to use at home because they were still very expensive, and the tapes could only record short time periods of video.
Soon after, Sony and Matsushita stopped working on the project.
They started to work on their own video recording formats.
Sony started working on Betamax and Matsushita started working on VX.
JVC released the CR-6060 in 1975, which was based on the U-matic format.
Sony and Matsushita also produced their own U-matic machines.
VHS development
The machine must work with any ordinary television set.
The picture on the television must resemble a normal television broadcast.
The tape must be able to record at least two hours of video.
The tapes must be able to record and play video on other machines of the same kind.
The whole system should be able to be expanded.
For example, there should be ways to connect a video camera to the machine, and to record video from another recorder.
Recorders should be cheap, easy to use and cheap to fix.
The company must be able to produce large numbers of the machines, using interchangeable parts (in other words, different models and styles of machine have the same parts inside).
In 1972, video recording industry in Japan started to lose money.
JVC had to find ways to spend less money, so it stopped developing the VHS project.
However, Takano and Shiraishi continued to work on the project by themselves, even though the company was not giving them any money to use.
By 1973, the two engineers had built a prototype.
VHS HQ (High Quality) adds 10 extra lines of horizontal resolution, and is playback-compatible on non-HQ equipment.
Linear stereo audio places two audio tracks in the space formerly used for the single mono audio track.
VHS HI-FI adds higher-quality (near CD quality) stereo sound to VHS.
It is backward compatible with standard VHS.
A VCR without HI-FI capability will simply play the tape in mono or linear stereo.
VHS-C is a smaller version of the VHS cassette.
It was typically used in camcorders.
The tape inside is the same as in a full-size VHS cassette.
A VHS-C cassette can be played and recorded in a full-size VHS VCR with an adapter.
Capacity is typically 30 minutes in SP mode.
Tapes longer than 30 minutes exist but are rare.
Super VHS (S-VHS) is an improved version of VHS with a higher-quality picture.
It is not backward-compatible with standard VHS.
The picture quality is similar to Laserdisc or DVD.
Playing an S-VHS tape on a standard VHS VCR will produce a heavily distorted picture.
There is also a smaller version of S-VHS for camcorders, called S-VHS-C.
D-VHS (Data VHS or Digital VHS) is a digital variant that can record in high definition 720p or 1080i, and can also be used as a backup tape for general-purpose data.
Video quality and data capacity are similar to Blu-ray.
W-VHS is an analog high-definition format.
It records in 1035i.
Digital-S or D-9 is a digital VHS variant designed for broadcasting, news gathering, or other professional use.
It uses the DV codec and has a different tape formulation than standard VHS cassettes.
Telemetry (also known as telematics) is a technology that allows measurements to be taken from far away.
Usually this means that an operator can give commands to a machine over a telephone wire, or wireless internet from far away, and the computer can report back with the measurements it takes.
Agustín Ross Edwards (February 5, 1844, La Serena, Chile - October 20, 1926, Viña del Mar, Chile) was a Chilean politician, diplomatic and banker.
He was son of David Ross and Carmen Edwards.
He was married with Susana Ferari.
Ross studied in the Carlos Black and Simon Kerr School, in La Serena.
He later went to Scotland, where he studied in the Queen Streat Institution, between 1856 and 1860.
He participated in the trades of the bank of the Edwards family.
He was a private agent in London of the Government Junta of Iquique in 1891.
He was plenipotenciary minister in Great Britain in February 1892.
Ross went to Pichilemu circa 1890, and he bought some areas in the town.
In San Fernando, in September 1885, he bought the property of Francisco Torrealba, a terrain that lasted at the Pichilemu beach.
He first constructed the Ross Hotel with a European-style design, assigning Evaristo Merino as its administrator, meanwhile he started promoting Pichilemu in cities as Santiago de Chile.
He later constructed the Ross Casino and the Ross Park.
They used materials as: shards from Italy, Oregon pine from the United States, Portland cement.
A Chilean chronicler quoted:
Ross was militant of the National Party of Chile.
He was Senator of the Coquimbo Province between 1897 and 1903.
Biografías de Chilenos: Miembros de los Poderes Ejecutivos, Legislativo y Judicial (1876-1973); Armando de Ramón Folch; Ediciones Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, 1999, volume 2.
Ross Balcony
People from Pichilemu
A blueprint is a technical drawing which usually contains instructions for how to build an architecture or engineering design.
It is sometimes used to talk about any detailed plan.
The-Blueprints.com - The largest free blueprint/3-view/template collection on the internet, with over 37000 images online.
José Santos Arraño Acevedo (14 October 1921 – 24 November 2009) was a famous writer and historian from Pichilemu, mostly known for his books on the history of the city.
During his childhood he lived in Pichilemu, and he later went to study in Los Hermanos Maristas School in San Fernando and the Pontifical Seminary of Santiago.
He was a collaborator of the Santiago's press through articles devoted to Pichilemu and Colchagua, publishing in newspapers such as Las Últimas Noticias or La Época and in dozens of other regional newspapers, taking Arraño Acevedo as the most important historian of Pichilemu and the most dedicated to promote Pichilemu's tourism.
All his articles were included in two books: Pichilemu y Sus Alrededores Turísticos and Hombres y Cosas de Pichilemu.
He habitually read his articles in his radial program, that was broadcasted for almost a decade, La Hora de José Arraño Acevedo.
Pichilemu y Sus Alrededores Turísticos, 1999.
Hombres y Cosas de Pichilemu, 2003.
Chilean writers
The Boeing 367-80 is an American prototype jet plane.
The people who worked at Boeing called the plane the "Dash 80".
It was made to show airlines how good jet aircraft were.
The Dash 80 was the prototype for the Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker and the Boeing 707.
It was made in less than two years.
Only one was made.
It is now in the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center at Washington Dulles International Airport in Virginia.
Two things made Boeing think about making a jet airliner.
The first reason was because of the Boeing B-47 Stratojet.
The second reason was because of the world's first jet airliner, the de Havilland Comet.
In 1950 Boeing made some details on a jet airliner which they called the Model 473-60C. Airlines were not sure about jet planes because they successful with propeller planes like the Douglas DC-4, DC-6, Boeing Stratocruiser and Lockheed Constellation.
Boeing had sold a lot of planes to the military but they were not very successful with airlines.
Douglas was the most successful airliner maker at the time.
Boeing thought that the only way to get airlines to buy a jet plane was to show them one.
Boeing wanted its jets to have different model numbers from its propeller planes.
The names of the propeller planes all started with 300.
The numbers 400, 500 and 600 were used by missiles and other things, so Boeing made the model number of the jets 700.
The first jet would be the 707.
Boeing wanted to make the 707's fuselage  wide.
By the time the 707 was made, its fuselage was  in diameter.
The decision to change it did not make many delays, because the Dash 80 was mostly made by hand.
By early 1952 the Dash 80 was designed and Boeing's managers allowed it to be made.
The Dash 80 was made at Boeing's Renton factory.
Some problems were found with the engines and brakes.
The brakes once completely failed when the plane landed, so it went over the runway.
The barrel roll
People from Aircraft Industries Association (AIA) and International Air Transport Association (IATA) came to the 1955 Seafair and Gold Cup Hydroplane Races on August 6, 1955.
The Dash 80 was supposed to make a simple flight above them, but the Boeing test pilot did two barrel rolls instead.
The next day, the pilot was told never to do it again.
However, the pilot said it was completely safe.
Use as a test aircraft
After the first 707 was made in 1957, the Dash 80 was changed into a test planes for other things.
It tested things for the new Boeing 727.
To do this, another engine was put in at the back.
Last flight
The Dash 80 was put in storage in 1969.
On May 26, 1972 Boeing gave the Dash 8- to the Smithsonian Air and Space Museum.
For 18 years the plane was in a "desert boneyard" in Arizona.
Boeing took it back and restored it.
The Dash 80's last flight was to Dulles International Airport near Washington, D.C. on August 27, 2003.
It was painted in its first ever colours and it was sent to the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center, which is near Dulles Airport in Chantilly, Virginia.
Details (367-80)
Bowers, Peter M. Boeing aircraft since 1916.
London: Putnam Aeronautical Books, 1989. .
Irving, Clive.
Wide Body: The Making of the Boeing 747.
Philadelphia: Coronet, 1994. .
Tony Pither.
The Boeing 707 720 and C-135.
Tonbridge, Kent, UK: Air-Britain (Historians) Ltd, 1998.
Wilson, Stewart.
Airliners of the World.
Fyshwick, Australia: Aerospace Publications Pty Ltd., 1999. .
Boeing 367-80 history on Boeing.com
Boeing 707 family history (including 367-80) on Boeing.com
Harvey Birdman, Attorney at Law is a Adult Swim program that stars Birdman who started out as a super hero on the Hanna-Barbera program Birdman and the Galaxy Trio and is now a lawyer for Sebben Sebben.
Several villains from that show return on this show and also brings back characters like Phil, Peanut, and Avenger.
Stephen Colbert as Phil and Reducto
Gary Cole as Harvey Birdman
John Michael Higgins as Mind Taker and Zardo
Peter Macnicol as X
Thomas Allen as Peanut
The Bosque do Capão da Imbuia (grove) is a park in the city of Curitiba in Paraná, Brazil.
"Path of the Araucaria" - a path in the woods with taxidermized animals;
"Natural History Museum" - a museum that shows the typical fauna and flora of Brazil
The oldest tree in Curitiba is an Ocotea porosa that is almost a thousand years old.
This tree is in  "Bosque do Capão da Imbuia".
Bosque Capão da Imbuia Parks in Curitiba
Sganzerla, Eduardo and Rodrigues, Júlio C, authors: Curitiba, Curitiba: P.M.C. (ed.),
p 310
Ben Folds Five was an American alternative rock band from 1993 to 2000.
Even though the band was called Ben Folds Five, it only had three members.
Ben Folds, who was also the band's lead singer, played piano, Robert Sledge played bass, and Darren Jessee played drums.
The band's biggest hits were "Brick" and "Underground".
Ben Folds Five (1995)
Whatever and Ever Amen (1997)
Naked Baby Photos (1998)
The Unauthorized Biography of Reinhold Messner (1999)
The Sound of the Life of the Mind (2012)
It is between the villages of Welwyn and Knebworth, Woolmer Green was first settled in the Iron Age.
The Belgae colonised the area in the 1st century BC, and later it was settled by the Romans.
Many Roman artefacts have been found in the surrounding area.
There was a Roman bath house at nearby Welwyn.
The village was at the junction of two thoroughfares, the Great North Road and another road called Stane Street from St Albans.
The route of this road runs across the parish along the path of Robbery Bottom Lane, continuing on as a public bridleway to Datchworth and then Braughing, on its way to another major Roman town, Colchester.
Woolmer Green website
Population figures (PDF)
For some newsreel about Harry the Woodcarver
Villages in Hertfordshire
Civil parishes in Hertfordshire
Rubén de la Red (born 5 June 1985) is a Spanish football player.
|2004/05||rowspan="3"|Real Madrid||rowspan="3"|La Liga||0||0
|2007/08||Getafe||La Liga||31||2
|2008/09||rowspan="2"|Real Madrid||rowspan="2"|La Liga||7||1
Ryuji Kato (born 24 December 1969) is a former Japanese football player.
|1988/89||rowspan="3"|Toho Titanium||rowspan="3"|JSL Division 2||||||||||||||||
|1990/91||30||0||colspan="2"|-||1||0||31||0
|1991/92||rowspan="3"|Tokyo Gas||JSL Division 2||24||0||colspan="2"|-||1||0||25||0
|1992||rowspan="2"|Football League||18||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||18||0
|1993||18||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||18||0
|1994||PJM Futures||Football League||28||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||29||0
|1995||rowspan="3"|Kashiwa Reysol||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||29||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||29||0
|1997||10||0||0||0||0||0||10||0
|1998||rowspan="2"|Consadole Sapporo||J. League 1||0||0||3||0||1||0||4||0
|1999||J. League 2||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|2000||rowspan="3"|Sanfrecce Hiroshima||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|2002||rowspan="3"|Sagawa Express Tokyo||rowspan="3"|Football League||11||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||11||0
|2003||28||0||3||0||colspan="2"|-||31||0
|2004||13||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||14||0
|2005||rowspan="3"|Rosso Kumamoto||Regional Leagues||14||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||15||0
|2006||rowspan="2"|Football League||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|1996||rowspan="4"|Avispa Fukuoka||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||14||1||1||0||4||0||19||1
|1997||27||1||3||0||6||0||36||1
|1998||18||0||3||0||2||0||23||0
|1999||23||4||2||0||3||0||28||4
|2000||rowspan="4"|Consadole Sapporo||J. League 2||33||2||4||1||1||0||38||3
|2001||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||23||0||0||0||1||0||24||0
|2002||1||0||1||0||0||0||2||0
|2003||J. League 2||4||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||4||0
Sho Ito (born 24 July 1988) is a Japanese football player.
He plays for Yokohama F. Marinos as a striker.
|2006/07||rowspan="4"|Grenoble||rowspan="2"|Ligue 2||1||0||0||0||0||0||1||0
|2007/08||3||0||0||0||0||0||3||0
|2008/09||rowspan="2"|Ligue 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
Maxwell Cabelino Andrade (born 27 August 1981) is a Brazilian football player.
He plays for Paris Saint-Germain F.C.
|2001/02||rowspan="5"|Ajax||rowspan="5"|Eredivisie||24||0||||||1||0||25||0
|2002/03||30||4||||||12||0||42||4
|2003/04||31||2||||||6||0||37||2
|2004/05||29||3||||||7||0||36||3
|2005/06||0||0||||||0||0||0||0
|2005/06||Empoli||Serie A||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|2006/07||rowspan="3"|Internazionale Milano||rowspan="3"|Serie A||22||1||5||0||2||0||29||1
|2007/08||32||0||4||0||7||0||43||0
|2008/09||25||1||3||0||4||0||32||1
|2009/10||Barcelona||La Liga||||||||||||||||
Mary of Modena (Maria Beatrice Eleonora Anna Margherita Isabella d'Este;  – ) was Queen consort of England, Scotland and Ireland.
She was the second wife of King James II.
Mary was a very firm Catholic.
She married James, Duke of York, (the future James II) in 1673.
He was the younger brother of Charles II.
Mary was not interested in politics.
Instead, she was devoted to James, and gave birth to two children who lived to become adults.
They were Louise Mary and the Jacobite James Francis Edward Stuart, who became known in history as "The Old Pretender".
Mary was born as a princess of the Italian Duchy of Modena.
She is mostly remembered for the birth of James Francis Edward.
Most of the English people thought he was not really Mary's son.
They believed he had been secretly brought into the birth-room in a warming-pan to continue King James II's Catholic rule.
The privy council investigation declared that the story was false.
However, James Francis Edward's birth was one of the reasons why the Glorious Revolution happened.
In the Glorious Revolution, King James II was deposed by his daughter Mary and her husband William III of Orange.
The "Queen over the water"—as Jacobites (followers of James II) called Mary—was exiled to France.
She lived with her family in the Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, which Louis XIV of France had given her.
Louis XIV's courtiers liked Mary, but thought James was not interesting.
When James died, Mary spent a lot of time with the nuns at the Convent of Chaillot.
When James II died in 1701, the Jacobites saw James Francis Edward as king.
Because he was too young to rule, Queen Dowager Mary acted as regent until he became 16.
Later, "James III" was forced to leave France because of the Treaty of Utrecht.
This left Mary without any family in France (Princess Louise Mary had died of smallpox).
Mary died of breast cancer in 1718.
She was kindly remembered by the people in France at that time.
Early life (1658 - 1673)
Mary Beatrice d'Este was the older child of Alfonso IV, Duke of Modena and his wife Laura Martinozzi.
She was born on 5 October 1658 NS in Modena.
Her only sibling, Francesco, became a Duke when his father died in 1662.
This was the year Mary became 4.
Mary and Francesco's mother Laura was firm with her children.
She acted as regent of the duchy until her son grew older.
Mary's education was very good.
She spoke French and Italian well, and had a knowledge of Latin and, later, English.
Allan, Fea (1909).
James II and His Wives.
Meuthon and Co.
Chapman, Hester (1953).
Mary II, Queen of England.
Jonathan Cape.
Brown, Beatrice Curtis (1929).
Anne Stuart: Queen of England.
Geoffrey Bles.
Fraser, Antonia (2002).
King Charles II Phoenix.
Fraser, Antonia (2007).
Love and Louis XIV: The Woman in the Life of the Sun King.
Gregg, Edward (1980).
Routledge & Kegan Paul.
Haile, Martin (1905).
Queen Mary of Modena: Her Life and Letters.
J.M. Dent & Co.
Harris, Tim. (
Revolution: The Great Crisis of the British Monarchy 1685-1720.
Maclagan, Michael; Louda, Jiří (1999).
Line of Succession: Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe.
Little, Brown & Co. .
Oman, Carola (1962).
Mary of Modena.
Starkey, David (2007).
Monarchy: From the Middle Ages to Modernity.
Harper Perennial. .
Turner, FC (1948).
Eyre & Spottswoode.
Uglow, Jenny (2009).
A Gambling Man: Charles II and the Restoration.
Faber & Faber.
Waller, Maureen (2002).
Ungrateful Daughters: The Stuart Princesses Who Stole Their Father's Crown.
1658 births
Juan Pablo Ángel (born 24 October 1975) is a Colombian football player.
|1993||rowspan="5"|Atlético Nacional||rowspan="5"|Primera A||3||1||||||||||||||3||1
|1994||32||8||||||||||||||32||8
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|1995/96||0||0||||||||||||||0||0
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|1997/98||rowspan="4"|River Plate||rowspan="4"|Primera División||12||2||||||||||||||12||2
|1998/99||31||11||||||||||||||31||11
|2000/01||18||13||||||||||||||18||13
|2000/01||rowspan="7"|Aston Villa||rowspan="7"|Premier League||9||1||1||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||11||1
|2001/02||29||12||1||0||0||0||4||4||34||16
|2002/03||15||1||1||1||3||1||colspan="2"|-||19||3
|2003/04||31||16||1||0||5||7||colspan="2"|-||37||23
|2004/05||35||7||1||0||2||2||colspan="2"|-||38||9
|2005/06||31||3||3||0||3||0||colspan="2"|-||37||3
|2006/07||23||4||1||0||3||3||colspan="2"|-||27||7
|2007||rowspan="4"|Red Bull New York||rowspan="4"|Major League Soccer||24||19||1||1||2||0||colspan="2"|-||27||20
|2008||23||14||1||0||4||2||colspan="2"|-||28||16
|2009||25||12||0||0||0||0||1||0||26||12
Ciprian Marica (born 2 October 1985) is a Romanian football player.
He plays for Stuttgart and Romania's national team.
|2001/02||rowspan="3"|Dinamo Bucureşti||rowspan="3"|Divizia A||2||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||2||0
|2002/03||11||1||3||0||colspan="2"|-||14||1