the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
1819 – Queen Victoria is born at Kensington Palace in London.
At the time of her birth, she is not expected to become Queen.
1822 – The Battle of Pichincha in Ecuador: Antonio José de Sucre secures the independence of the Presidency of Quito.
1830 – Mary had a Little Lamb by Sarah Josepha Hale is published.
1832 - The first Kingdom of Greece is declared at the London Conference.
1844 – Samuel Morse sends the message What hath God wrought to inaugurate the first telegraph line.
1846 – Mexican-American War: Zachary Taylor captures Monterrey.
1856 - John Brown and his men kill five slavery supporters at Pottawatomie Creek, Kansas.
1861 – American Civil War: Union troops occupy Alexandria, Virginia.
1883 – The Brooklyn Bridge in New York City is opened.
1895 - Henry Irving becomes the first person from the theatre to be knighted.
1900 – Second Boer War: The United Kingdom annexes the Orange Free State.
1901 – The Caerphilly pit disaster in South Wales kills 78 miners.
1913 - Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia marries Prince Ernest Augustus of Hanover.
1915 – World War I: Italy declares war on Austria-Hungary.
1921 - In the US, the trial of Sacco and Vanzetti begins.
1930 – Amy Johnson lands in Darwin, Northern Territory, becoming the first Woman to fly solo from England to Australia.
1935 – In Cincinnati, Ohio the first night game in Major League Baseball is held.
1940 – Igor Sikorsky performs the first successful single-rotor helicopter flight.
1941 – World War II: In the Battle of the Atlantic, the German battleship Bismarck sinks the Royal Navy's HMS Hood, killing all but three of the sailors on board.
1944 - Iceland, then-still under the Danish crown, holds a referendum on its future status, with 97% of voters choosing to become a republic, which is declared on June 17.
1950 – The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan is proclaimed.
1956 – The first Eurovision Song Contest is held in Lugano, Switzerland.
It is won by Switzerland's Lys Assia.
1958 - United Press International is formed.
1960 - The Cordon Caulle volcano in Chile erupts, two days after the strongest-ever measured earthquake struck the area.
1962 – The rocket Mercury Atlas 7 is launched by NASA.
1963 - United States Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy meets with author James Baldwin in an unsuccessful attempt at improving race relations.
1964 - After the Peru national football team had a goal against the Argentina national football team disallowed, in Lima, a mass panic breaks out, killing 328 people.
1967 – Egypt imposes a blockade and siege of Israel's Red Sea coast.
1968 - Front de la Libération de Québec separatists bomb the US Consulate in Quebec City.
1970 - Drilling of the Kola Superdeep Borehole begins in the northwest of the Soviet Union, now northwest Russia, near the border with Finland.
1976 - The London to Washington, DC Concorde service begins.
1981 – President of Ecuador Jaime Roldos Aguilera is killed in an aircraft accident, along with his wife and Presidential Committee.
1992 – The last Thai dictator, General Suchinda Kraprayoon, resigns following pro-Democracy protests.
1992 - Thomas Klestil is elected to replace Kurt Waldheim as President of Austria.
1993 – Eritrea becomes independent from Ethiopia.
1994 - Four men are convicted of the 1993 World Trade Center bombing, and sentenced to 240 years each in prison.
1999 - The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia in The Hague, Netherlands, indicts Slobodan Milosevic and four others for war crimes and crimes against humanity in Kosovo.
2000 – Israeli troops withdraw from southern Lebanon, following a 22-year occupation.
2001 – 15-year-old Sherpa Temba Tsheri reaches the top of Mount Everest.
2001 – The Versailles wedding hall disaster in Jerusalem kills 23 people.
2002 – Russia and the United States sign the Moscow Treaty.
2003 – Sertab Erener, representing Turkey, wins the 48th Eurovision Song Contest in Riga, Latvia.
In the same competition, the United Kingdom, represented by Jemini, finishes with 0 points for the first time.
2004 – North Korea bans mobile phones.
2008 – Dima Bilan, representing Russia, wins the 53rd Eurovision Song Contest in Belgrade, Serbia.
2014 - Three people are shot dead at a Jewish Centre in Brussels, Belgium.
2014 - For the first time, the UEFA Champions League final is contested by two teams from the same city.
In Lisbon, Real Madrid defeat Atlético Madrid 4-1 in extra time.
2015 - Andrzej Duda is elected President of Poland.
2017 - Taiwan's highest court rules in favour of same-sex marriage.
2019 - Taiwan's same-sex marriage law enters into effect, making it the first legalisation of same-sex marriage in Asia.
2019 - Theresa May announces her intention to resign as Conservative Party leader and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, with her successor to be chosen before the end of July.
15 BC – Germanicus, Roman general (d. 19 AD)
1084 – King David I of Scotland (d. 1153)
1494 – Pontormo, Italian painter (d. 1557)
1522 – John Jewel, Bishop of Salisbury (d. 1571)
1544 - William Gilbert, English astronomer and philosopher (d. 1603)
1671 – Gian Gastone de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1737)
1686 – Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit, Dutch scientist (d. 1736)
1743 – Jean-Paul Marat, French revolutionary (d. 1793)
1751 – Charles Emmanuel IV of Sardinia (d. 1819)
1759 – Wilhelm Friedrich Ernst Bach, German composer (d. 1845)
1803 - Alexander von Nordmann, Finnish biologist (d. 1866)
1810 – Charles Clark, 24th Governor of Mississippi (d. 1877)
1810 – Abraham Geiger, German rabbi and scholar (d. 1874)
1816 – Emanuel Leutze, German painter (d. 1868)
1819 – Queen Victoria of Great Britain and Ireland (d. 1901)
1821 – Juan Bautista Topete, Spanish admiral and politician, Prime Minister of Spain (d. 1885)
1830 – Alexei Savrasov, Russian painter (d. 1897)
1836 – Joseph Rowntree, British social reformer (d. 1925)
1851 - Ramón González Valencia, 29th President of Colombia (d. 1928)
1852 – Robert Bontine Cunninghame Graham, Scottish politician, writer, journalist and adventurer (d. 1936)
1854 - John Riley Banister, American lawyer and cowboy (d. 1918)
1855 - Arthur Wing Panero, English actor, director and playwright (d. 1934)
1856 - Andrew Watson, Guyanese-Scottish footballer (d. 1921)
1861 - Gerald Strickland, 4th Prime Minister of Malta and British colonial Governor in Australia (d. 1940)
1870 – Jan Christiaan Smuts, Prime minister of South Africa (d. 1950)
1874 - Princess Marie of Hesse and by Rhine (d. 1878)
1875 - Robert Garrett, American athlete (d. 1961)
1876 - Maurilio Fossati, Archbishop of Turin (d. 1965)
1878 – Lillian Moller Gilbreth, American psychologist and industrial engineer (d. 1972)
1879 - H. B. Reese, American candy maker (d. 1956)
1886 – Paul Paray, French conductor and composer (d. 1979)
1895 - Marcel Janco, Romanian-Israeli artist, writer and architect (d. 1984)
1899 – Kazi Nazrul Islam, Bangladeshi poet (d. 1976)
1899 – Suzanne Lenglen, French tennis player (d. 1938)
1899 - Henri Michaux, French poet (d. 1984)
1900 – Eduardo De Filippo, Italian actor, director and screenwriter (d. 1984)
1901 – José Nasazzi, Uruguayan footballer (d. 1968)
1902 - Sylvia Daoust, Canadian sculptor (d. 2004)
1903 - Milo Burcham, American pilot (d. 1944)
1903 - Wladyslaw Orlicz, Polish mathematician (d. 1990)
1905 – Michail Aleksandrovich Sholokhov, Russian writer (d. 1984)
1910 - Jimmy Demaret, American golfer (d. 1983)
1911 - Ne Win, Burmese officer and politician (d. 2002)
1914 – Lilli Palmer, German actress (d. 1986)
1914 - George Tabori, Hungarian-German writer, screenwriter and dramatist (d. 2007)
1914 - Giuseppe Valdengo, Italian baritone (d. 2007)
1916 - Roden Cutler, Australian diplomat (d. 2002)
1921 - Maria Michi, Italian actress (d. 1980)
1924 - Mike Bongiorno, Italian-American television presenter (d. 2009)
1924 - Aleksander Arulaid, Estonian chess player and engineer (d. 1995)
1925 – Mai Zetterling, Swedish entertainer (d. 1994)
1925 - Carmine Infantino, American illustrator (d. 2013)
1925 - Carlo Annovazzi, Italian footballer (d. 1980)
1926 – Stanley Baxter, Scottish actor
1928 - Adrian Frutiger, Swiss typeface designer (d. 2015)
1928 - Jacobo Zabludovsky, Mexican lawyer and journalist (d. 2015)
1928 - Kurt Weber, Polish cinematographer (d. 2015)
1930 - Matthew Meselson, American geneticist and molecular biologist
1931 - Michael Lonsdale, French actor
1932 – Arnold Wesker, British dramatist (d. 2016)
1933 - Aharon Lichtenstein, French-Israeli rabbi (d. 2015)
1934 – Jane Byrne, 50th Mayor of Chicago (d. 2014)
1936 - Harold Budd, American composer and poet
1937 - Dick Balharry, Scottish conservationist (d. 2015)
1937 – Roger Peterson, American pilot (d. 1959)
1938 - Prince Buster, Jamaican singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2016)
1940 – Joseph Brodsky, Russian poet (d. 1996)
1941 – Bob Dylan, American musician
1942 – Ichiro Ozawa, Japanese politician
1942 - Hannu Mikkola, Finnish rally driver
1942 - Fraser Stoddart, Scottish-American chemist
1944 - Susana Baca, Peruvian singer
1944 – Patti LaBelle, American singer
1945 – Priscilla Presley, American actress and wife of Elvis Presley
1945 - Terry Callier, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2012)
1945 - Driss Jetou, former Prime Minister of Morocco
1946 - Tansu Ciller, former Prime Minister of Turkey
1946 - Irena Szewinska, Polish athlete
1946 - Thomas Nordahl, Swedish footballer
1947 - Waddy Wachtel, American composer, musician, bandleader and producer
1947 - Martin Winterkorn, German businessman
1948 - Richard Dembo, French director and screenwriter
1949 – Jim Broadbent, British actor
1949 - Hubert Birkenmeier, German-American soccer player and coach
1953 – Alfred Molina, British actor
1955 – Rosanne Cash, American musician
1955 - Philippe Lafontaine, Belgian singer-songwriter
1956 - Michael Jackson, Archbishop of Dublin
1956 - Larry Blackmon, American singer-songwriter, musician, producer and actor
1956 - Dominic Grieve, English politician
1957 – Walter Moers, German comic artist and writer
1959 – Pelle Lindbergh, Swedish ice hockey player (d. 1985)
1960 – Guy Fletcher, British musician (Dire Straits)
1960 – Kristin Scott Thomas, British actress
1961 - Alain Lemieux, Canadian ice hockey player
1962 - Massimo Mauro, Italian footballer
1962 - Héctor Camacho, Puerto Rican boxer (d. 2012)
1964 – Liz McColgan, Scottish athlete
1964 – Adrian Moorhouse, English swimmer
1964 – Pat Verbeek, Canadian ice hockey player
1965 - Jens Becker, German musician
1965 - John C. Reilly, American actor, singer, producer and screenwriter
1965 - Shinichiro Watanabe, Japanese director, producer and screenwriter
1966 – Eric Cantona, French footballer and actor
1966 - Ella Guru, American painter and musician
1967 – Heavy D, American rapper (d. 2011)
1967 - Dana Ashbrook, American actor
1967 - Andrey Borodin, Russian economist and businessman
1967 - Eric Close, American actor
1969 – Richard Lochhead, Scottish politician
1969 - Jacob Rees-Mogg, English politician
1972 - Greg Berlanti, American director, producer and screenwriter
1972 - Jim McIntyre, Scottish footballer and coach
1973 – Ruslana, Ukrainian singer
1973 - Jill Johnson, Swedish singer
1973 – Dermot O'Leary, British television presenter
1973 – Vladimir Smicer, Czech footballer
1973 - Shirish Kunder, Indian director, producer and screenwriter
1974 - Magnus Manske, German biochemist and computer programmer
1974 - Masahide Kobayashi, Japanese baseball player
1975 - Marc Gagnon, Canadian speed skater
1975 - Giannis Goumas, Greek footballer
1976 – Alessandro Cortini, Italian musician
1976 – Catherine Cox, Australian netball player
1978 - Johan Holmqvist, Swedish ice hockey player
1978 - Jo Joyner, English actress
1978 – Brian Ching, American soccer player
1982 – DaMarcus Beasley, American soccer player
1982 - Roberto Colautti, Argentine-Israeli footballer
1985 - Björgvin Páll Gústavsson, Icelandic handball player
1986 – Jordan Metcalfe, English actor
1987 - Déborah François, Belgian actress
1987 - Fabio Fognini, Italian tennis player
1988 - Artem Anisimov, Russian ice hockey player
1989 – Mohammed Fellah, Norwegian footballer
1989 – Adel Taarabt, Moroccan footballer
1990 - Yuya Matsushita, Japanese singer and actor
1991 – Erika Umeda, Japanese singer
1992 - Rachel Victoria, Canadian actress
1994 - Cayden Boyd, American actor
1994 - Daiya Seto, Japanese swimmer
1995 – Prince Joseph Wenzel of Liechtenstein
2007 - Maru the cat, famous cat and internet celebrity
641 - Constantine III, Eastern Roman Emperor (b. 612)
1153 – David I of Scotland (b. 1084)
1201 - Theobald III, Count of Champagne (b. 1179)
1351 – Abu al-Hasan 'Ali, Sultan of Morocco (b. 1297)
1377 - Algirdas, Grand Duke of Lithuania (b. 1296)
1408 – Taejo of Joseon, ruler of Korea (b. 1335)
1543 – Nicolaus Copernicus, Polish astronomer (b. 1473)
1612 – Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury, English politician (b. 1563)
1734 – Georg Ernst Stahl, German physician and chemist (b. 1660)
1806 - John Campbell, 5th Duke of Argyll, Scottish field marshal (b. 1723)
1848 - Annette von Droste-Huelshoff, German writer and composer (b. 1797)
1861 - Elmer G. Ellsworth, American colonel (b. 1837)
1876 - Georgi Benkovski, Bulgarian revolutionary (b. 1843)
1879 - William Lloyd Garrison, American abolitionist and publisher (b. 1805)
1881 - Samuel Palmer, English painter (b. 1805)
1901 - Charlotte Mary Yonge, English novelist (b. 1823)
1908 – Old Tom Morris, Scottish golfer (b. 1821)
1909 - Georg von Neumayer, German geophysicist and polar scientist (b. 1826)
1919 - Amado Nervo, Mexican poet (b. 1870)
1948 - Jacques Feyder, Belgian director and screenwriter (b. 1885)
1949 - Alkesey Shchusev, Russian architect (b. 1873)
1950 - Archibald Wavell, 1st Earl Wavell, British field marshal (b. 1883)
1959 – John Foster Dulles, United States Secretary of State (b. 1888)
1960 - Avraham Arnon, Israeli educator (b. 1887)
1972 - Ismail Yasin, Egyptian actor (b. 1915)
1972 - Asta Nielsen, Danish actress (b. 1881)
1974 – Duke Ellington, American jazz musician (b. 1899)
1979 - Ernest Bullock, English organist, composer and educator (b. 1890)
1981 – Jaime Roldos Aguilera, President of Ecuador (b. 1940)
1984 - Vince McMahon, Sr.,
American wrestling promoter and businessman (b. 1914)
1991 - Gene Clark, American singer-songwriter and musician (b. 1944)
1992 - Hitoshi Ogawa, Japanese racing driver (b. 1965)
1993 - Juan Jesus Posadas, Mexican cardinal (b. 1926)
1995 – Harold Wilson, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1916)
2003 – Rachel Kempson, British actress (b. 1910)
2004 – Edward Wagenknecht, American literary critic (b. 1900)
2005 – Vivian Liberto, first wife of Johnny Cash (b. 1934)
2005 - Eddie Albert, American actor (b. 1906)
2008 – Rob Knox, British actor (b. 1989)
2008 - Jimmy McGriff, American jazz musician and bandleader (b. 1936)
2010 – Paul Gray, American musician (Slipknot) (b. 1972)
2010 – Anneliese Rothenberger, German opera singer (b. 1926)
2013 - Pyotr Todorovsky, Ukrainian-Russian movie director, screenwriter and cinematographer (b. 1925)
2013 - Antonio Puchades, Spanish footballer (b. 1925)
2013 - Ed Shaughnessy, American drummer (b. 1929)
2014 - John Vasconcellos, American politician (b. 1932)
2015 - Marcus Belgrave, American jazz trumpeter (b. 1936)
2015 - Tanith Lee, British writer (b. 1947)
2015 - Bharat Raj Upreti, Nepalese judge (b. 1950)
2016 - Burt Kwouk, Chinese-English actor (b. 1930)
2016 - Lewis Fiander, Australian actor (b. 1938)
2016 - Buck Kartalian, American actor (b. 1922)
2016 - Mell Lazarus, American cartoonist (b. 1927)
2016 - Berend Jan Udink, Dutch politician (b. 1926)
2017 - Ezekiel Anisi, Papua New Guinean politician (b. 1988)
2017 - Juliana Koo, Chinese-American diplomat (b. 1905)
2017 - Jared Martin, American actor (b. 1941)
2017 - Pierre Seron, Belgian comic book artist (b. 1942)
2017 - Denis Johnson, American writer (b. 1949)
2017 - Tom Gilbey, British fashion designer (b. 1938)
2017 - William Duborgh Jensen, Norwegian fashion designer (b. 1935)
2017 - Noel Kinsey, Welsh footballer (b. 1925)
2017 - Sonny West, American actor and stunt performer (b. 1937)
2018 - Cliff Jackson, English footballer (b. 1941)
2018 - Roblimo, American journalist and author (b. 1952)
2018 - TotalBiscuit, British gaming critic and commentator (b. 1984)
2018 - Gudrun Burwitz, German Nazi militant (b. 1929)
2018 - Jerry Maren, American actor (b. 1920)
2019 - Murray Gell-Mann, American physicist (b. 1929)
Battle of Pichincha Day (Ecuador)
Bermuda Day
Commonwealth Day (Belize)
Independence Day (Eritrea)
Aldersgate Day (Methodism)
National Patriots Day (Quebec)
May 24 – King David I of Scotland (born 1084)
July 8 – Pope Eugenius III
August 17 – Eustace IV of Boulogne, son of Stephen of England
August 21 – Bernard of Clairvaux, French churchman (born 1090)
Ranulph de Gernon, 2nd Earl of Chester
Gilbert Fitz Richard de Clare, Earl of Hertford (born 1115)
Anna Comnena, Byzantine princess and historian (born 1083)
Bernard de Tremelay, fourth Grand Master of the Knights Templar, at the siege of Ascalon
475 - Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to leave his capital city, Constantinople, and his general, Basiliscus, takes control of the Empire.
681 - Twelfth Council of Toledo: King Erwig of the Visigoths begins a council in which he introduces different measures against Jews in Spain.
1127 - Invading Jurchen soldiers from the Jin Dynasty besiege and sack Bianjing (Kaifeng), capital city of the Song Dynasty in China, abducting Emperor Qinzong of Song and others, ending the Northern Song Dynasty.
1150 - China: Prince Hailing of Jin and other court officials murder Emperor Xizong of Jin.
Hailing succeeds him as Emperor.
1317 - King Philip V of France is crowned.
1349 – The Jewish population of Basel, Switzerland, believed by the residents to be the cause of the ongoing bubonic plague, were rounded up and burned to death.
1431 – Judges' investigations for the trial of Joan of Arc begin in Rouen, France, the seat of the English occupation government.
1693 - An earthquake in Sicily kills around 60,000 people.
1768 - In London, Philip Astley stages the first modern circus.
1788 – Connecticut becomes the fifth state to be admitted to the United States.
1793 – Jean-Pierre Blanchard becomes the first person to fly in a balloon in the United States.
1806 - A state funeral is held for Admiral Horatio Nelson at St. Paul's Cathedral in London.
1816 - Humphrey Davy tests his safety lamp for miners at Hebburn Colliery in present-day Tyne and Wear in the Northeast of England.
1822 - Pedro I of Brazil, then a Portuguese prince, decides to stay in Brazil against the orders of King Joao IV of Portugal
1839 - The French Academy of the Sciences announces the Daguerreotype photography process.
1857 - An earthquake estimated at magnitude 7.9 strikes Fort Tejon in California.
1861 – Mississippi becomes the second state to secede from the Union before the outbreak of the American Civil War.
1861 - American Civil War: The "Star of the West" incident occurs in Charleston, South Carolina - sometimes considered by historians to be the "First Shots" of the war.
1863 - American Civil War: The Battle of Fort Hindman begins in Arkansas.
1878 - Umberto I of Italy becomes King.
1880 - The Great Gale of 1880 brings high winds and heavy snow to parts of Oregon and Washington.
1882 – Oscar Wilde gives his first lecture on "The English Renaissance of Art" in New York City.
1894 - The New England Telephone and Telegraph Company installs the first battery-operated telephone switchboard in Lexington, Massachusetts.
1900 - The Rome-based football club S.S. Lazio is founded.
1903 - Hallam Tennyson, 2nd Marquess of Tennyson becomes the second Governor-General of Australia.
1905 – According to the Julian Calendar which was used at the time, Russian workers stage a march on the Winter Palace that ends in the massacre by Tsarist troops known as Bloody Sunday, setting off the Russian Revolution of 1905.
1909 - Ernest Shackleton, leading the Nimrod Expedition, is forced to turn back 180 kilometers (112 miles) from the South Pole, having travelled further south than anyone before him.
1913 - Afonso Augusto da Costa becomes Prime Minister of Portugal.
1914 - Bernardino Machado becomes Prime Minister of Portugal.
1914 - The Phi Beta Sigma fraternity is founded.
1916 - World War I: The Battle of Gallipoli ends in Ottoman Empire victory, after the evacuation of the last Allied forces.
1917 – World War I: the Battle of Rafa occurs near the Egyptian border with Palestine.
1918 - Battle of Bear Valley: Last battle of the American Indian Wars.
1921 - Greco-Turkish War: The First Battle of Inonu, the first battle of the war, begins near Eskisehir, Anatolia.
1923 - Juan de la Cierva makes the first autogyro flight.
1927 - A fire at Laurier Palace movie theatre in Montreal kills 78 children.
1938 - Paul of Greece marries Frederica of Hanover in Athens.
1941 - World War II: First flight of an Avro Lancaster aircraft.
1941 - World War II: The Greek Triton (Y-5) sinks the Italian submarine Neghelli in Otranto.
1942 - Off Menorca, the passenger ship Lamoriciere sinks, killing 301 people.
1945 – The United States invades Luzon in the Philippines.
1951 – The United Nations headquarters opens in New York City.
1954 - The temperature of -65.9 degrees Celsius, the coldest to be measured in Greenland, is recorded by a British expedition.
1957 - Anthony Eden resigns as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom following the Suez Crisis.
1959 - The Vega de Tera reservoir dam breaks in Zamora Province in Spain, killing over 140 people.
1960 - Construction of the Aswan Dam in Egypt begins.
1964 – Several Panamanian youths try to raise the Panamanian flag on the U.S.-controlled Panama Canal Zone.
This causes fighting between U.S. military and Panamanian civilians.
1968 – The only known snowfall occurs in Mexico City, additional snow falls on January 10 and 11.
1972 - The ship previously known as the HMS Queen Elizabeth burns in Hong Kong harbor, praobably as an act of arson, and sinks.
1991 – The Soviets storm Vilnius to stop Lithuanian independence.
1992 - The National Assembly of the Serb People in Bosnia and Herzegovina declares the creation of Republika Srpska, a new state within Yugoslavia.
1996 - First Chechen War: Chechen separatists launch a raid against the helicopter airfield and a civilian hospital in the city of Kizlyar in neighbouring Dagestan.
It turns into a massive hostage crisis.
2004 - An inflatable boat carrying illegal Albanian emigrants stalls near the Karaburun Peninsula while on the way to Brindisi, Italy.
Exposure to the poor weather conditions kills 28 people.
2005 – Elections are held to replace Yasser Arafat as head of the Palestine Liberation Organization.
Mahmoud Abbas is elected.
2005 - The Sudan People's Liberation Movement and the Government of Sudan sign the Comprehensive Peace Agreement to end the Second Sudanese Civil War.
2006 – The Phantom of the Opera surpasses the record set by Cats for the title of longest running show on Broadway.
2006 – The population of Iceland officially reaches 300,000.
2007 - The first IPhone is revealed by then-Apple Inc. CEO Steve Jobs.
2011 – South Sudan holds a referendum on independence from Sudan.
A majority vote in favour of creating a new country, as South Sudan becomes independent six months later.
2011 – Iran Air Flight 227 crashes near Orumiyel, northern Iran, killing 77 people.
2015 - Aftermath of Charlie Hebdo shooting: The two attackers on the French satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo two days earlier are killed following a siege north of Paris, while a gunmen holds several people hostage, killing four, at a Jewish supermarket in Paris, before being killed by police.
2015 - Football: The 2015 AFC Asian Cup in Australia begins with the hosts defeating Kuwait 4-1 in the opening game.
It is the first Asian Cup held outside Asia.
2017 - Martin McGuinness resigns as Deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland after a scandal over a renewable heat initiative involving First Minister Arlene Foster had made relations in the power-sharing government difficult.
2018 - Australia's law allowing same-sex marriage enters into force.
2018 - North Korea agrees to send a team to the 2018 Winter Paralympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea after talks between politicians from the two countries.
2018 - Mudslides in southern California kill at least 20 people.
1475 – Crinitus, Italian humanist (d. 1507)
1554 – Pope Gregory XV (d. 1623)
1589 - Ivan Gundulic, Croatian poet (d. 1638)
1590 - Simon Vouet, French painter (d. 1649)
1624 – Empress Meisho of Japan (d. 1697)
1674 - Reinhard Keiser, German opera composer (d. 1739)
1715 - Robert-François Damiens, attempted assassin of Louis XV of France (d. 1757)
1745 - Caleb Strong, 6th and 10th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1819)
1753 - Luisa Todi, Portuguese singer (d. 1833)
1757 - John Adair, Governor of Kentucky (d. 1810)
1773 - Cassandra Austen, English painter (d. 1845)
1778 - Hammamizade Ismail Dede Efendi, composer of Turkish classical music (d. 1846)
1797 - Ferdinand von Wrangel, Baltic German naval officer and explorer (d. 1870)
1806 - Augustus Bradford, Governor of Maryland (d. 1881)
1818 - Antoine Samuel Adam-Salomon, French sculptor and photographer (d. 1881)
1819 - James Francis, Premier of Victoria (d. 1884)
1829 - Thomas William Robertson, English playwright (d. 1871)
1829 - Adolf Schlagintweit, German botanist and explorer (d. 1879)
1832 - Felix-Gabriel Marchand, 11th Premier of Quebec (d. 1900)
1835 – Iwasaki Yaturo, Japanese founder of Mitsubishi (d. 1885)
1848 - Princess Frederica of Hanover (d. 1926)
1849 - John Hartley, English tennis player (d. 1935)
1854 – Lady Randolph Churchill, mother of Winston Churchill (d. 1921)
1859 - Carrie Chapman Catt, American activist (d. 1947)
1864 - Vladimir Steklov, Russian mathematician (d. 1926)
1870 – Joseph B. Strauss, American civil engineer (d. 1938)
1872 - Ivar Lykke, Prime Minister of Norway (d. 1949)
1873 - Hayim Nahman Bialik, Ukrainian-Jewish writer and journalist (d. 1934)
1875 - Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney, American socialite (d. 1942)
1881 – Lascelles Abercrombie, British poet and critic (d. 1938)
1881 - Giovanni Papini, Italian writer (d. 1956)
1881 - Josef Ospelt, 1st Prime Minister of Liechtenstein (d. 1962)
1885 - Charles Bacon, American athlete (d. 1968)
1890 - Karel Capek, Czech writer (d. 1938)
1890 – Kurt Tucholsky, German journalist and writer (d. 1935)
1897 - Dwight H. Green, Governor of Illinois (d. 1958)
1897 - Vladimir Paley, Russian poet (d. 1918)
1898 – Gracie Fields, English performer (d. 1979)
1900 – Maria of Romania, Queen Consort of Yugoslavia (d. 1961)
1900 - Richard Haliburton, American adventurer (d. 1939)
1901 – Ishman Bracey, American blues singer and guitarist (d. 1970)
1901 - Chic Young, American cartoonist (d. 1973)
1902 - Saint Josemaria Escriva, Spanish Catholic priest and founder of Opus Dei (d. 1975)
1908 – Simone de Beauvoir, French writer (d. 1986)
1909 – Anthony Mamo, 1st President of Malta (d. 2008)
1911 - Gypsy Rose Lee, American entertainer (d. 1970)
1912 - Ralph Tubbs, British architect (d. 1996)
1913 – Richard Nixon, 37th President of the United States (d. 1994)
1914 - Kenny Clarke, American jazz musician (d. 1985)
1915 - Anita Louise, American actress (d. 1970)
1916 - Fernando Lamas, Argentine actor and movie producer (d. 1982)
1916 - Peter Twinn, French mathematician and entomologist (d. 2004)
1917 - Yngve A. A. Larsson, Swedish medicine professor and diabetologist (d. 2014)
1920 - Hakim Said, Pakistani scholar and politician (d. 1998)
1920 – Clive Dunn, British actor, comedian, and singer (d. 2012)
1921 - Patricia Highsmith, American writer (d. 1995)
1922 – Har Gobind Khorana, Indian biochemist (d. 2011)
1922 – Ahmed Sékou Touré, President of Guinea (d. 1984)
1924 – Sergei Parajanov, Armenian movie director (d. 1990)
1925 - Lee Van Cleef, American actor (d. 1989)
1927 - Rodolfo Walsh, Argentine writer (d. 1977)
1928 - Domenico Modugno, Italian actor, singer and guitarist (d. 1994)
1928 - Judith Krantz, American writer
1929 – Heiner Müller, German dramatist (d. 1995)
1929 - Brian Friel, Irish dramatist and short story writer (d. 2015)
1929 – Dorothea Puente, American serial killer (d. 2011)
1931 - Algis Budrys, Lithuanian-born American science fiction writer (d. 2008)
1932 - Robert P. Casey, Governor of Pennsylvania (d. 2000)
1934 - Mahendra Kapoor, Indian singer (d. 2008)
1935 – Bob Denver, American actor (d. 2005)
1935 - Brian Harradine, Australian politician (d. 2014)
1939 – Susannah York, British actress (d. 2011)
1940 - Ruth Dreifuss, Swiss politician
1941 – Joan Baez, American singer and activist
1941 - Robert D. Putnam, American political scientist
1941 - Gilles Vaillancourt, Canadian politician
1942 - Lee Kun-hee, South Korean businessman
1942 - Keith Wright, Australian politician (d. 2015)
1943 - Freddie Starr, English comedian
1943 - Scott Walker, American singer and musician
1944 – Jimmy Page, British musician and producer (Led Zeppelin)
1944 - Massimiliano Fuksas, Italian architect, poet and painter
1945 – Levon Ter-Petrossian, first President of Armenia
1946 - Mogens Lykketoft, Danish politician
1948 - Bill Cowsill, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2006)
1948 – Cassie Gaines, American singer (Lynyrd Skynyrd) (d. 1977)
1948 - Jan Tomaszewski, Polish footballer and politician
1950 – Rio Reiser, German musician (d. 1996)
1950 - Alec Jeffreys, British geneticist
1951 – Crystal Gayle, American singer
1951 - Michel Barnier, French politician
1952 - Marek Belka, former Prime Minister of Poland
1952 - Michael Capuano, American politician
1953 - Javad Alizadeh, Iranian cartoonist
1953 – Morris Gleitzman, English writer
1953 - Bill Graves, former Governor of Kansas
1954 - Philippa Gregory, English author
1954 - Lance Hoppen, American singer-songwriter and musician (Orleans)
1955 – J. K. Simmons, American actor
1956 – Imelda Staunton, British actress
1957 - Yury Bandazhevsky, Belarusian scientist
1958 - Stephen Neale, British philosopher
1958 – Mehmet Ali Agca, attempted assassin of Pope John Paul II
1959 – Rigoberta Menchu, Guatemalan political activist, Nobel Peace Prize winner
1961 – Al Jean, American television writer
1962 - Matt Bevin, American politician, 42nd Governor of Kentucky
1963 - Michael Everson, American linguist
1964 - Stephen Sackur, British journalist
1965 – Iain Dowie, British footballer and manager
1965 – Haddaway, Trinidadian singer
1965 – Joely Richardson, British actress
1965 - Muggsy Bogues, American basketball player
1965 - Farah Khan, Indian director, actress and choreographer
1966 - Stephen Metcalfe, English politician
1967 – Dave Matthews, Australian singer and musician
1967 – Claudio Caniggia, Argentine footballer
1967 - Gary Teichmann, South African rugby player
1968 - Joey Lauren Adams, American actress
1968 - Catalina Saavedra, Chilean actress
1970 - Lara Fabian, Swiss singer
1971 - Angie Martinez, American rapper, actress and television host
1972 - Sarah Beeny, British television personality
1973 - Angela Bettis, American actress, movie producer and director
1974 - Farhan Akhtar, Indian actor, singer, director and producer
1976 - Radek Bonk, Czech ice hockey player
1977 - Viktors Dobrecovs, Latvian footballer
1978 – Gennaro Gattuso, Italian footballer
1978 – AJ McLean, American singer (Backstreet Boys)
1979 - Athanassios Prittas, Greek footballer
1979 - Tomiko Van, Japanese singer
1980 – Sergio Garcia, Spanish golfer
1981 – Euzebiusz Smolarek, Polish footballer
1982 – Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge
1982 - Grétar Steinsson, Icelandic footballer
1985 - Juanfran, Spanish footballer
1986 - Amanda Mynhardt, South African netballer
1987 – Paolo Nutini, Scottish singer-songwriter
1987 - Bradley Davies, Welsh rugby player
1987 - Rhys Priestland, Welsh rugby player
1987 - Anna Tatangelo, Italian singer
1987 - Lucas Leiva, Brazilian footballer
1988 - Marc Crosas, Spanish footballer
1989 - Michael Beasley, American basketball player
1989 - Nina Dobrev, Bulgarian-Canadian actress
1990 - Nam Ji-hyun, South Korean singer and actress
1992 - Terrence Jones, American basketball player
1993 - Ashley Argota, American actress
1993 - Katarina Johnson-Thompson, English athlete
1993 - Aminata Savadogo, Latvian singer and songwriter
1995 - Nicola Peltz, American actress
Unknown year - Fang Bo, Chinese ping-pong player
1150 - Emperor Xizong of Jin (b. 1119)
1282 - Abu 'Ulthman Sa'id ibn Hakam al Qurashi, ruler of Menorca (b. 1204)
1283 - Wen Tianxiang, Chinese politician (b. 1236)
1499 - John Cicero, Elector of Brandenburg (b. 1455)
1514 – Anne, Queen of France (b. 1477)
1562 - Amago Haruhisa, Japanese warlord (b. 1514)
1799 – Maria Gaetana Agnesi, Italian scientist (b. 1718)
1805 - Noble Wimberly Jones, American Continental Congressman (b. 1723)
1848 – Caroline Herschel, German-born astronomer (b. 1750)
1858 – Anson Jones, last President of Texas (b. 1798)
1873 – Napoleon III of France (b. 1808)
1876 – Samuel Gridley Howe, American abolitionist (b. 1801)
1878 – Victor Emmanuel II of Italy (b. 1820)
1908 – Wilhelm Busch, German painter (b. 1832)
1911 - Edwin Arthur Jones, American composer (b. 1853)
1911 - Edvard Rusjan, Slovenian flight pioneer (b. 1886)
1918 - Charles-Emile Reynaud, French scientist and educator (b. 1844)
1923 – Katherine Mansfield, New Zealand writer (b. 1888)
1924 - Ponnambalam Arunachalam, Ceylonese politician (b. 1853)
1927 - Houston Stewart Chamberlain, English-German author (b. 1855)
1936 - John Gilbert, American actor (b. 1899)
1939 - Johann Strauss III, Austrian conductor (b. 1886)
1940 - J. C. W. Beckham, American politician, Governor of Kentucky (b. 1869)
1941 - Dimitrios Golemis, Greek runner (b. 1874)
1944 – Antanas Smetona, President of Lithuania (b. 1874)
1945 - Jüri Uluots, Estonian journalist and politician (b. 1890)
1961 – Emily Greene Balch, American writer, Nobel Peace Prize winner (b. 1867)
1964 - Halide Edip Adivar, Turkish novelist, nationalist and activist (b. 1884)
1975 - Pierre Fresnay, French actor (b. 1897)
1975 - Piotr Novikov, Russian mathematician (b. 1901)
1979 – Pier Luigi Nervi, Italian architect (b. 1891)
1993 - Paul Hasluck, Governor-General of Australia (b. 1905)
1993 - Mario Genta, Italian footballer (b. 1912)
1995 – Souphanouvong, President of Laos (b. 1909)
1997 – Edward Osobka-Morawski, Prime Minister of Poland (b. 1909)
1998 – Kenichi Fukui, Japanese chemist (b. 1916)
2000 - Nigel Tranter, Scottish historian and author (b. 1909)
2004 - Norberto Bobbio, Italian philosopher (b. 1909)
2005 – Antonín Klimek, Czech historian (b. 1927)
2007 - Jean-Pierre Vernant, French philosopher and historian (b. 1914)
2009 – Dave Dee, British musician (b. 1943)
2009 – René Herms, German athlete (b. 1982)
2010 – Armand Razafindratandra, Malagasy cardinal (b. 1924)
2011 – Peter Yates, British movie director (b. 1929)
2012 – Malam Bacai Sanha, President of Guinea-Bissau (b. 1947)
2012 - Mae Laborde, American actress (b. 1909)
2013 - Rex Trailer, American television host, actor and singer (b. 1928)
2013 - James M. Buchanan, American economist (b. 1919)
2014 - Dale T. Mortensen, American economist (b. 1939)
2014 - Amiri Baraka, American poet (b. 1934)
2014 - Josep Maria Castellet, Catalan writer (b. 1926)
2014 - Lorella De Luca, Italian actress (b. 1940)
2014 - Cliff Carpenter, American actor (b. 1915)
2015 - Jozef Oleksy, Prime Minister of Poland (b. 1946)
2015 - Angelo Anquilletti, Italian footballer (b. 1943)
2015 - Samuel Goldwyn, Jr., American movie producer (b. 1926)
2015 - Frans Molenaar, Dutch fashion designer (b. 1940)
2015 - Robert V. Keeley, American diplomat (b. 1929)
2015 - Roy Tarpley, American basketball player (b. 1964)
2015 - Popsy Dixon, American musician (b. 1942)
2015 - Chuck Locke, American baseball player (b. 1932)
2015 - Michel Jeury, French author (b. 1934)
2015 - Perpetrators of the Charlie Hebdo shooting and related attacks:
Chérif Kouachi, French Islamic Jihadist (b. 1982)
Saïd Kouachi, French Islamic Jihadist (b. 1980)
Amedy Coulibaly, French Islamic Jihadist (b. 1982)
2016 - Maria Teresa de Filippis, Italian racing driver (b. 1926)
2016 - Lawrence H. Cohn, American surgeon (b. 1937)
2016 - Hamada Emam, Egyptian footballer (b. 1947)
2016 - Peter Gavin Hall, Australian mathematician (b. 1951)
2016 - Ed Stewart, English broadcaster (b. 1941)
2016 - Merab Chigoev, South Ossetian politician (b. 1950)
2016 - Umberto Raho, Italian actor (b. 1922)
2016 - Angus Scrimm, American actor (b. 1926)
2016 - Zelimkhan Yaqub, Azerbaijani poet (b. 1950)
2016 - John Harvard, Canadian politician (b. 1938)
2017 - Zygmunt Bauman, Polish-British sociologist (b. 1925)
2017 - Michael Chamberlain, New Zealand-Australian pastor (b. 1944)
2017 - Ulf Dinkelspiel, Swedish politician (b. 1939)
2017 - Ali Shariatmadari, Iranian politician and academic (b. 1923)
2017 - Ugo Crescenzi, Italian politician (b. 1930)
2017 - Bob McCullough, Australian sports administrator
2017 - Warren Allen Smith, American activist and writer (b. 1921)
2017 - Claude Steiner, French-born American psychologist and writer (b. 1935)
2017 - Russell Trood, Australian politician and academic (b. 1948)
2018 - Bob Bailey, American baseball player (b. 1942)
2018 - Tommy Lawrence, Scottish footballer (b. 1940)
2018 - Robert Minlos, Russian mathematician (b. 1931)
2018 - Odvar Nordli, Prime minister of Norway (b. 1927)
2018 - Mario Perniola, Italian philosopher (b. 1941)
2018 - Ted Phillips, English footballer (b. 1933)
2018 - Milton J. Rosenberg, American psychology professor and radio host (b. 1925)
Martyrs' Day (Panama)
January 09
1913 (MCMXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar, and a common year starting on a Tuesday in the 13-day slower Julian calendar.
It was the 913th year of the 2nd Millennium, 13th year of the 20th Century and the 4th year of the 1910s decade.
First and Second Balkan Wars
March 4 - Woodrow Wilson becomes the 28th President of the United States, succeeding William Howard Taft.
March 12 - Building work begins on the new capital city of Canberra in Australia.
May 29 - Rite of Spring performance in Paris.
July 10 - A temperature of  is recorded in Death Valley, California.
October 14 - The Senghenydd colliery disaster in Wales kills 439 people, in the United Kingdom's deadliest mining tragedy.
November 7 to November 11 - The Great Lakes Storm of 1913 kills over 250 people.
Nineteen ships are lost.
December 12 - The Mona Lisa is recovered in Florence.
George Herriman's comic strip Krazy Kat is launched in American newspapers
January 9 – Richard Nixon, American politician, 37th President of the United States (d. 1994)
February 4 – Rosa Parks, American civil rights activist (d. 2005)
July 14 – Gerald Ford, American politician, 38th President of the United States (d. 2006)
September 23 – Carl-Henning Pedersen, Danish artist (d. 2007)
November 7 – Albert Camus, French writer (d. 1960)
Begum Mahmooda Salim Khan Pakistani social activist and early political leader (d. 2007)
March 10 – Harriet Tubman, American anti-slavery activist (b. 1820)
March 31 – J.P. Morgan, American businessperson (banking) (b. 1837)
April 15 – Gabdulla Tukay, Tatar poet (b. 1886)
September 30 – Rudolf Diesel, German engineer, invented the Diesel engine (b. 1858)
Physiology or Medicine - Charles Robert Richet (French physiologist)
Physics - Heike Kamerlingh Onnes (Netherlands)
Chemistry - Alfred Werner (Switzerland)
Literature - Rabindranath Tagore (India, then-British India)
Peace - Henri La Fontaine (Belgium)
1481 - The largest of three earthquakes strikes the Greek island of Rhodes, killing an estimated 30,000 people.
1491 - Kongo monarch Nkuwu Nzinga is baptized by Portuguese missionaries.
1494 – Christopher Columbus arrives in Jamaica, naming the island Santiago.
1715 - A total solar eclipse is visible across Northern Europe and Northern Asia, with totality across southern England being predicted by Edmond Halley to within four minutes of accuracy.
1791 – Poland's first constitution is introduced.
May 3 is still celebrated as Constitution Day in Poland, as well as in neighboring Lithuania.
1802 - Washington, DC is incorporated as a city.
1808 – Rebels in Madrid, who rose up on the previous day, against French rule, are executed.
1808 - Finnish War: Sweden loses the fortress of Sveaborg to Russia.
1815 - Neapolitan War: Joachim Murat, King of Naples, is defeated by the Austrians at the Battle of Tolentino, the decisive engagement of the war.
1830 - The Canterbury-Whitstable Railway in Southern England is opened.
It is the first steam-hauled passenger railway to issue season tickets and include a tunnel.
1837 - The University of Athens, Greece, is founded.
1849 – The May uprising begins in Dresden.
1855 - The adventurer William Walker departs from San Francisco with around 60 men in an attempt to conquer Nicaragua.
1860 - King Charles XV of Sweden-Norway is crowned.
1867 - Hudson's Bay Company gives up all claims to Vancouver Island.
1887 – Canada's worst mining disaster occurs in Nanaimo, on Vancouver Island.
150 people are killed, and 7 survive.
1901 - The Great Fire of 1901 begins in Jacksonville, Florida.
1909 – Germany introduces driver's licences.
1913 - Raja Harishchandra, the first full-length Indian feature movie, is released, marking the start of the Indian movie industry.
1915 - The poem In Flanders Fields is written by John McCrae.
1916 – In Ireland, the leaders of the Easter Uprising are executed.
1920 - A Bolshevik coup fails in Georgia.
1934 – The French navy introduces Surcouf, which was the largest submarine at the time.
1936 – Joe DiMaggio makes his Major League Baseball debut, for the New York Yankees.
1937 - Margaret Mitchell's novel Gone With the Wind wins the Pulitzer Prize for fiction.
1939 - The All India Forward Bloc is founded by Subhas Chandra Bose.
1945 - World War II: Sinking of the prison ships Cap Arcona, Thielbeck and Deutschland by the Royal Air Force in Lubeck Bay.
1947 – Japan's new post-war constitution goes into effect.
1951 – George VI of the United Kingdom opens the Festival of Britain.
London's Royal Festival Hall opens on the same day.
1952 - Lieutenant Colonels Joseph O. Fletcher and William P. Benedict of the US land a plane at the North Pole.
1952 - The Kentucky Derby horse race is shown on television throughout the US for the first time.
1956 - The first World Championships in judo take place in Tokyo.
1960 – In Amsterdam, the Netherlands the Anne Frank House is opened to the public.
1960 - Off-Broadway musical comedy The Fantasticks opens in New York City's Greenwich Village.
1973 – The Sears Tower in Chicago is completed.
1978 - The first Spam email is sent by a Digital Equipment Corporation marketing representative to every ARPANET address on the west coast of the United States.
1979 – Margaret Thatcher is elected Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, becoming the first female British Prime Minister.
1986 – A bomb explodes on an airliner at Colombo's airport in Sri Lanka, killing 21 people, and injuring 41.
1999 - The southwestern portion of Oklahoma City is devastated by a Force-5 tornado, killing 45 people and injuring 665.
2001 – For the first time, the United States loses its seat on the United Nations Human Rights Commission.
2002 - A military MiG-21 aircraft crashes into the Bank of Rajasthan, in Northwest India, killing 8 people.
2003 – New Hampshire's Old Man of the Mountain rock feature collapses.
2006 - While landing in Sochi, Southern Russia, an Airbus A320-200 of Armenian airline Armavia crashes into the Black Sea, killing all 113 people on board.
2007 – The Scottish National Party, under Alex Salmond, narrowly wins in the election to the Scottish Parliament.
2007 – Madeleine McCann gets abducted from an apartment in Praia da Luz, Portugal.
2008 – Cyclone Nargis devastates Burma, killing thousands of people, and causing widespread flooding in the Irrawaddy River Delta.
2014 - The Black Forest National Park is officially opened.
2018 - Dust storms in Rajasthan an Uttar Pradesh, India, kill at least 100 people.
2019 - The number of deaths in the South Kivu Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo is estimated at 1,000, making it the second-deadliest outbreak of the disease.
2019 - Cyclone Fani hits the state of Odisha on the east coast of India.
612 – Constantine III, Byzantine Emperor (d. 641)
1415 – Cecily Neville, mother of Edward IV and Richard III of England (d. 1495)
1428 - Pedro Gonzalez de Mendoza, Spanish cardinal and statesman (d. 1495)
1446 - Margaret of York (d. 1503)
1455 – King John I of Portugal (d. 1495)
1460 - Raffaele Riario, Italian cardinal and patron of the arts (d. 1521)
1469 – Niccolò Machiavelli, Italian philosopher (d. 1527)
1678 - Amaro Pargo, Spanish pirate (d. 1747)
1695 – Henri Pitot, Italian-born French engineer (d. 1771)
1713 - Alexis Clairaut, French mathematician (d. 1765)
1729 - Florian Leopold Gassmann, German-Bohemian composer (d. 1774)
1761 – August von Kotzebue, German dramatist (d. 1819)
1764 - Princess Elisabeth of France (d. 1794)
1768 - Charles Tennant, Scottish chemist (d. 1838)
1768 - Agustín Eyzaguirre, acting President of Chile (d. 1838)
1773 - Giuseppe Acerbi, Italian naturalist (d. 1846)
1784 - Henry Hubbard, Governor of New Hampshire (d. 1857)
1814 - Adams George Archibald, Canadian lawyer and politician (d. 1892)
1826 – King Charles XV of Sweden (d. 1872)
1841 - Richard D'Oyly Carte, English talent agent, impresario and composer (d. 1901)
1849 – Bertha Benz, German automobile pioneer (d. 1944)
1849 – Bernhard von Buelow, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1929)
1860 – John Scott Haldane, British physiologist (d. 1936)
1860 – Vito Volterra, Italian mathematician and physicist (d. 1940)
1861 - Emmett Dalton, American outlaw (d. 1937)
1870 – Princess Helena Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein (d. 1948)
1872 – Simun av Skardi, Faroese poet and politician (d. 1942)
1873 - Pavlo Skoropadskyi, German-Ukrainian general and politician (d. 1945)
1874 – François Coty, French perfume manufacturer (d. 1934)
1877 – Karl Abraham, German psychoanalyst (d. 1925)
1879 - Fergus McMaster, Australian businessman and soldier, co-founder of Qantas (d. 1950)
1879 - Clyde L. Herring, American politician, 26th Governor of Iowa (d. 1945)
1884 - Willie Reid, Scottish footballer (d. 1966)
1886 – Marcel Dupré, French organist and composer (d. 1971)
1891 – Tadeusz Peiper, Polish poet (d. 1969)
1892 – George Paget Thomson, English physicist (d. 1975)
1893 – Konstantine Gamsakhurdia, Georgian writer (d. 1975)
1895 - Cornelius Van Til, Dutch theologian and philosopher (d. 1987)
1895 - Gabriel Chevallier, French journalist and writer (d. 1969)
1895 - Bettina Encke von Arnim, German painter (d. 1971)
1896 – Dodie Smith, English novelist and playwright (d. 1990)
1898 – Golda Meir, Prime Minister of Israel (d. 1978)
1901 - Gino Cervi, Italian actor (d. 1974)
1901 - Ebbe Schwartz, Danish football official, President of UEFA (d. 1964)
1902 – Alfred Kastler, French physicist (d. 1984)
1903 – Bing Crosby, American singer and actor (d. 1977)
1905 – Werner Fenchel, German mathematician (d. 1988)
1906 – Mary Astor, American actress (d. 1987)
1909 - John A. Notte, Jr., American politician, Governor of Rhode Island (d. 1983)
1910 – Norman Corwin, American radio presenter (d. 2011)
1914 - Georges-Emmanuel Clancier, French poet
1917 – Kiro Gligorov, former President of the Republic of Macedonia (d. 2012)
1919 – Pete Seeger, American musician (d. 2014)
1920 - John Lewis, American jazz pianist, composer and arranger (d. 2001)
1921 – Sugar Ray Robinson, American boxer (d. 1989)
1922 – Len Shackleton, English footballer (d. 2000)
1923 - George Hadjinikos, Greek pianist, conductor, teacher and writer
1924 - Ken Tyrrell, English racing driver (d. 2001)
1926 - Ann B. Davis, American actress (d. 2014)
1927 - Clelio Darida, Italian politician, Mayor of Rome (d. 2017)
1928 - Jacques-Louis Lions, French mathematician (d. 2001)
1928 - Carel Visser, Dutch artist (d. 2015)
1930 - Juan Gelman, Argentine writer and poet (d. 2014)
1931 - Aldo Rossi, Italian architect and designer (d. 1997)
1933 – James Brown, American singer (d. 2006)
1933 – Steven Weinberg, American physicist
1934 – Henry Cooper, British boxer (d. 2011)
1934 - Frankie Valli, American singer
1934 - Georges Moustaki, French singer-songwriter (d. 2013)
1937 – Hans Cieslarczyk, German footballer
1938 - Lindsay Kemp, English actor, dancer and choreographer (d. 2018)
1941 - Nona Gaprindashvili, Georgian chess player
1941 - Edward Malloy, American educator
1942 – Butch Otter, American politician, 32nd Governor of Idaho
1943 - Jim Risch, American lawyer and politician, 31st Governor of Idaho
1945 - Jeffrey C. Hall, American geneticist, 2017 joint-Nobel laureate
1946 – Rabah Saadane, Algerian footballer and coach
1947 - Doug Henning, Canadian magician (d. 2000)
1948 - Peter Oosterhius, English golfer
1949 – Ken Hom, Chinese-American chef
1951 – Jan Bielecki, Polish politician
1951 – Tatyana Tolstaya, Russian writer