the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
One of the commanders who be orderd the Kamikaze operation (in Japanese)
People from Hyōgo Prefecture
The torpedo, is an explosive projectile weapon that moves by itself (using a propeller), launched above or below the water surface, that goes underwater toward a target, and made to explode when it hits a target or is near to it.
Torpedoes may be launched from submarines, surface ships, helicopters, aircraft, land etc.
Robert Whitehead invented the torpedo in 1866.
Swedish Bofors 'Torpedo 2000' promo video
Modern Torpedoes And Countermeasures
US Navy torpedo data cut and pasted from a Navy Fact File
Early History of the Torpedo Torpedo History
US Naval Undersea Museum Torpedo Display
US Naval Undersea Museum Torpedo Collection
In aviation, the undercarriage or landing gear is the structure (usually wheels) that supports an aircraft and allows it to move across the surface of the Earth when it is not flying.
Alphonse Pénaud website
FAA Website
The Seven Years' War lasted from 1756 to 1763 and involved most of the great powers in Europe.
At first, the war was made up of two conflicts.
One was mainly between Britain and France, and the other was between Prussia and its enemies: France, Austria, Russia, and Sweden.
The war was known by different names in different places.
In the United States, it is called the French and Indian War.
In French Canada, it is called the The War Of Conquest.
In both Sweden and Prussia, it was called the Pomeranian War.
In India, it is known as the Third Carnatic War.
Colonialism was common at the time.
In the war, the trade interests of the British Empire were opposed to those of the Bourbons (in France and Spain).
The Hohenzollerns (in Prussia) and the Habsburgs  (Holy Roman Emperors and archdukes in Austria) fought each other, mainly over Silesia.
A "diplomatic revolution" established an Anglo-Prussian camp that was allied with some smaller German states and later the Portuguese Empire.
It fought an Austro-French camp that was allied with Sweden, Saxony and later Spain.
The Russian Empire left its offensive alliance with the Habsburgs on the death of Empress Elizabeth and the succession of Peter III.
Sweden also concluded a separate peace with Prussia in 1762.
The war ended with the peace treaties of Paris (France, Spain, Great Britain) and of Hubertusburg (Hohenzollerns, Habsburgs, Saxon elector) in 1763.
The war had been characterized by sieges and arson of towns as well as open battles involving extremely-heavy losses; overall, some 900,000 to 1,400,000 people died.
Great Britain succeeded in the contested overseas territories, gaining the bulk of New France, Spanish Florida, some Caribbean islands, Senegal and superiority over the French outposts on the Indian subcontinent.
The native American tribes were excluded from the peace settlement, and were unable to return to their former status after the resulting Pontiac's rebellion.
In Europe, Frederick II of Prussia failed to complete a preemptive strike against Austria, and his opponents repulsed and at Kunersdorf nearly destroyed his forces.
Frederick however recovered, regained ground and managed to avoid any concessions in Hubertusburg, where the status quo ante bellum was restored.
William Pitt's saying that "America was won in Germany" referred to the Prussian war effort, which enabled Great Britain to limit her continental commitments and focus on her "blue water policy," successfully establishing naval supremacy.
While French and allied forces were able to occupy Prussian and Hanoverian territories up to East Frisia, French ambitions to invade Britain and to continue with their guerre de course were thwarted by a British naval blockade, which also impaired French supply routes to the colonies.
Spain's short intervention resulted in the loss of Florida, though it gained French Louisiana west of the Mississippi River in exchange and Britain returned Cuba as well as the Philippines.
The Seven Years War: Crash Course World History #26; YouTube
By playing online the players can gather points for the global ranking.
If a player has enough points, he is promoted to the next higher rank and can unlock new weapons and awards.
The storyline takes place in Middle- and Eastern-Asia in the near future.
In this fictional war, the US Marine Corps fights against China and the fictional "Middle Eastern Coalition".
So the players can use the most modern weapons like the F-35 Lightning II fighter or the T90 tank.
It´s also possible to choose between different classes like medic, assault, sniper and others.
Because Battlefield 2 is a tactic shooter, teamplay is very important.
One player by team can be the commander who issues instructions on his team.
The other players can group themselves into squads.
In every round two teams are playing.
At the beginning of the round, both teams have a certain number of tickets.
By eliminating an enemy the teams can reduce the number of tickets of the other team.
The team that has more tickets at the end of the round wins.
Battlefield 2 is the sequel of Battlefield 1942 and Battlefield Vietnam.
The most recent game of the Battlefield series is Battlefield: Bad Company 2.
There is also an addon named Special Forces in which several special forces (e. g. SAS) can be played.
Also two so called "booster packs" are available: Euro Forces which brings the army of the European Union into the game and Armored Fury which relocates the storyline to North America.
Battlefield 2 is one of the most popular games in it´s genre.
Although being released in 2005 it´s still played by many persons around the world and has a big community.
Battlefield 2 website
Battlefield 2: Special Forces Website
Battlefield video games
Video games developed in Sweden
The Battlefield series consists of the following first-person shooter games that were developed by Digital Illusions CE, and published by Electronic Arts:
Battlefield 1942 - (PC, Mac), released 10 September 2002.
The Road to Rome (Expansion Pack)
Secret Weapons of World War II (Expansion Pack)
Battlefield Vietnam - (PC), released 14 March 2004 (US only), and 19 March 2004.
Battlefield 2 - (PC), released 21 June 2005 (US only) and 24 June 2005.
Special Forces (Expansion Pack), released 22 November 2005 (US only), and 24 November 2005
Euro Force (Booster Pack), released 14 March 2006.
Armored Fury (Booster Pack), released 6 June 2006.
Battlefield 2: Modern Combat - (PS2, Xbox, Xbox 360), released 24 October 2005 (PS2/Xbox), 11 May 2006 (Xbox 360).
Battlefield 2142 - (PC, Mac), was released 17 October 2006.
Northern Strike (Booster Pack), released 8 March 2007.
Battlefield: Bad Company - (Xbox 360, PlayStation 3), released 23 June 2008.
Battlefield: Bad Company 2 - (PC, Xbox 360, PlayStation 3), released 2 March 2010.
Battlefield 3 - (PC, Xbox 360, PlayStation 3), released 25 October 2011.
Battlefield 4 - (PC, Xbox 360, PlayStaion 3, Xbox One, PlayStation 4), released 29 October 2013.
Battlefield Hardline - (PC, Xbox One, PlayStation 4, released 17 March 2015.
Battlefield 1 - (PC, Xbox One, PlayStation 4), released 23 October 2016.
Battlefield V - (PC, Xbox One, PlayStation 4), release date 20 November 2018.
Battlefield Gaming Information
The word tangent can mean different things:
tangent, a trigonometric function
tangent, a line which touches a curve.
In set theory, a subset is a set which has some (or all) of the elements of another set, called superset, but does not have any elements that the superset does not have.
A subset which does not have all the elements of its superset is called a proper subset.
We use the symbol ⊆ to say a set is a subset of another set.
We can also use ⊂ if it is a proper subset.
The symbols ⊃ ⊇ are opposite - they tell us the second element is a (proper) subset of the first.
{1, 2, 3} is a proper subset of {-563, 1, 2, 3, 68}.
The interval [0, 1] is a proper subset of the set of real numbers (also the set of positive numbers).
{46,189,1264} is its own subset, and is a proper subset of the set of natural numbers.
ro:Mulțime#Submulțimi
Lemma (mathematics), a proven statement that is used to prove another statement
Lemma (linguistics), the canonical form of a word.
They are the head words in a dictionary.
Lemma (logic), which is simultaneously a premise for a contention above it and a contention for premises below it
Lemma (botany), one of the specialised bracts enclosing a floret in a grass inflorescence
"Shadowing lemma", a fictional animal in Terry Pratchett's Discworld series, which exists in only 2 dimensions and eats mathematicians
The Honourable Society of the Middle Temple is one of the four Inns of Court exclusively entitled to call their members to the English bar as barristers. (
The others are the Inner Temple, Gray's Inn and Lincoln's Inn.)
It is near the Royal Courts of Justice, within the City of London.
The Orthodox Autocephalous Church of Albania is one of the Eastern Orthodox churches.
It is very new.
It was created in 1922 by the fathers of the Albanian Orthodoxy Fan Noli, Visarion Xhuvani, and others.
The Albanian Orthodox Church is autocephalous, meaning its bishop does not have to answer before any superior clerical authority.
Since its beginning it has had a difficult time.
The church suffered during the Second World War, and in the communist period that came after.
This became worse after 1967 when Albania was declared an atheist state, and no public or private expression of religion was allowed.
After religious freedom returned in 1991, the church has become very active again.
More than 250 churches have been created or repaired, and more than 100 clergy being ordained.
Official Site of the Albanian Orthodox Church (Warning: requires Flash)
Albanian Orthodox Library
Eastern Christian Churches: Orthodox Church of Albania
History of the Establishment of the Church
Albanian culture
The University of Padua (Italian Università degli Studi di Padova, UNIPD) is in Padua, Italy.
It was created in 1222.
It is one of the oldest European universities and the second oldest in Italy.
As of 2003, the university had about 65,000 students.
The university is usually said to have been founded in 1222 when a big group of students and professors left the University of Bologna.
They did this to look for more academic freedom ('Libertas scholastica').
The curriculum got bigger quickly, and by 1399 the institution had divided in two: a Universitas Iuristarum for civil law and Canon law, and a Universitas Artistarum which taught astronomy, dialectic, philosophy, grammar, medicine, and rhetoric.
University of Padua Website
Museums of the University
Colleges and universities in Italy
1222 establishments
1220s establishments in Europe
13th-century establishments in Italy
Anti-aircraft warfare, or air defence, is any way of fighting military aircraft in combat from the ground.
Different guns and cannons have been used for this since the first military aircraft were used in World War I. They have become more powerful over the years.
After World War II, Surface to Air Missiles began to be used too.
Today, both are used to fight against aircraft.
Nicknames for anti-aircraft guns include AAA or triple-A, an abbreviation for anti-aircraft artillery, and flak or flack (from the German Flugabwehrkanone, aircraft defence cannon).
An anti-aircraft missile is another name for a surface-to-air missile, also said SAM for short.
Archie to SAM: A Short Operational History of Ground-Based Air Defense by Kenneth P. Werrell (book available for download)
Japanese Antiaircraft land/vessel doctrines in 1943-44
The National Museum of the United States Air Force (formerly the United States Air Force Museum) is the official national museum of the United States Air Force and is located on Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, near Dayton, Ohio.
Over 400 aircraft and missiles are on display, most of them indoors.
The museum has many rare and important aircraft and other exhibits, including one of four surviving Convair B-36s,  the only surviving XB-70 Valkyrie, and Bockscar–the B-29 Superfortress that dropped the second atomic bomb in World War II.
In contrast to the Smithsonian Institution's National Air and Space Museum, nearly all of the museum's exhibits are extremely accessible.
Most are easily touched, even investigated, by visitors.
The Air Force Museum Foundation - a private non-profit organization supporting the mission and goals of the National Museum of the USAF
The "Year" column refers to the year the competition was held, and wikilinks to the article about that season.
The "Distance" column refers to the distance over which the race was held.
The "Margin" column refers to the margin of time or points by which the winner defeated the runner-up.
The "Stage wins" column refers to the number of stage wins the winner had during the race.
The following riders have won the Tour de France on 2 or more occasions.
Since the retirement of two-time winner Alberto Contador in 2017, the only active rider on the list as of that year is Chris Froome, currently with 4 wins.
Contador had originally won three Tours, but was stripped of one following an anti-doping violation.
Lance Armstrong was removed from the head of the list after having all seven of his Tour victories stripped when he was found guilty of repeated doping offences.
Had his tainted Tour victories been reallocated (as were the victories of Floyd Landis and Contador) to the second placed rider in each race, Jan Ullrich would have joined the list with 4 Tour wins.
However, the race organisers ASO decided not to reallocate the titles won in those years, in recognition of the historic doping problem in the sport at that time - Ullrich himself having been banned for a doping violation.
Ullrich, therefore, has a single Tour victory to his name.
By nationality
A.  Bjarne Riis has admitted to doping during the 1996 Tour de France.
The organizers of the Tour de France said that they no longer consider him to be the winner.
However, Union Cycliste Internationale has so far refused to change the official status because a lot of time has passed since his win.
Jan Ullrich was placed second on the podium in Paris.
B.  Lance Armstrong was declared winner of seven Tours in a row from 1999 to 2005.
However, in October 2012 he had all his titles removed by the UCI because of his use of performance-enhancing drugs.
The Tour director Christian Prudhomme had said before that if this happened, there would be no alternative winners for those years, but this has not yet been made official.
C.  Floyd Landis was the winner at the podium ceremony in Paris on the last day of the 2006 Tour, but later was found to have tested positive for performance-enhancing drugs during stage 17 of the race.
The United States Anti-Doping Agency found him guilty of using synthetic testosterone during the race and removed his title on 20 September 2007.
D.  Alberto Contador was the winner at the podium ceremony in Paris on the last day of the 2010 Tour, but later was found to have tested positive for a drug that was not allowed, Clenbuterol, on a rest day.
The Court of Arbitration for Sport found him guilty of using clenbuterol during the race and removed his title on 6 February 2012.
The Honourable Society of the Inner Temple is one of the four Inns of Court around the Royal Courts of Justice in London.
They may call members to the Bar and allow them to practice as barristers. (
The other Inns are Middle Temple, Gray's Inn and Lincoln's Inn.)
The Inner Temple was first recorded as being used for legal purposes when lawyers' houses were burned down in Wat Tyler's revolt in 1381.
Before that date, the Temple was occupied by the Knights Templar.
The Inner Temple was damaged during the wartime bombings in the areas surrounding the River Thames.
Famous members
Geoffrey Chaucer (reputed)
Thomas de Littleton
William Catesby
Sir Edward Coke
Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester
Thomas Morton, a member of the associated Inn of Chancery Clifford's Inn
William Wycherly
Judge Jeffreys
Samuel Johnson (resided at the Inner Temple for a period, though not a member)
William Paca
Karl Pearson, and his father William Pearson, QC
William Schwenk Gilbert
Mohandas Gandhi (called 1891, disbarred 1922, reinstated 1988)
Mohammed Ali Jinnah
Ivy Williams, the first female barrister
A.J.P. Taylor
Seretse Khama, president of Botswana (admitted 1946)
Derry Irvine
Lord Woolf
Elizabeth Butler-Sloss
John Mortimer (whose best-known creation, Horace Rumpole, was also an Inner Templar)
Richard Searby
Malcolm Bishop
Thomas Willing
Musa Alami
Tuanku Abdul Rahman ibni Almarhum Tuanku Muhammad
Inner Temple website
Inner Temple Banqueting website
The Inns of Court are a group of four legal societies in Britain that have the exclusive right to train barristers and to regulate their admission to the British bar.
The buildings, which house these societies, are called Inns of Court.
The Inns of Court have directing and disciplinary functions over their members.
The Inns also provide libraries, dining facilities and professional accommodations to members.
Each Inn also has a church or chapel.
The Honourable Society of Lincoln's Inn is one of the four Inns of Court around the Royal Courts of Justice in London.
The other Inns are Middle Temple, Gray's Inn and Inner Temple.)
Lincoln's Inn is thought to be the oldest of the four Inns of Court.
The history of the Inn can be traced back to 1422, although its actual origins are even older.
It is in Holborn, in the London Borough of Camden, on the border with the City of London and the City of Westminster.
Famous Members
Lord Denning
Sir Thomas More
Thomas Langlois Lefroy, Chief Justice of Ireland from 1855 to 1866
Muhammad Ali Jinnah, Founder of Pakistan
Sir Allama Muhammad Iqbal, Muslim poet, famous for the idea of Pakistan, philosopher, politician, National Poet of Pakistan
John Henry Cardinal Newman
Mirza Hameedullah Beg, Chief Justice of India
Tony Blair, former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
Cherie Blair QC (Known professionally as Cherie Booth QC)
Margaret Thatcher, former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
William Osgoode, first Chief Justice of Ontario after whom Osgoode Hall (and therefore Osgoode Hall Law School) was named
Syed Sajjad Ali Shah, Chief Justice of Pakistan
Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Prime Minister and President of Pakistan
John Kofi Agyekum Kufour, President of the Republic of Ghana
Preachers of Lincoln's Inn
The office of Preacher of Lincoln's Inn or Preacher to Lincoln's Inn is a clerical office in the Church of England.
Past Preachers of Lincoln's Inn include:
William Warburton
Henry Wace
Derek Watson
Lincoln's Inn website
www.shaw-hardwick.co.uk
The Honourable Society of Gray's Inn is one of the four Inns of Court around the Royal Courts of Justice in London.
They may call members to the Bar and allow them to practice as barristers.
The other Inns are Middle Temple, Lincoln's Inn and Inner Temple.
Gray's Inn is in Holborn, in the London Borough of Camden, on the border with the City of London and the City of Westminster.
Gray's Inn website
Online Law History of Gray's Inn
The Battle of Okinawa was a great battle of World War II.
It took place on Okinawa Island in the Ryukyu Islands (south of the four big islands of Japan).
The battle was between the military forces of the Empire of Japan and the Allies.
It was the second biggest amphibious battle (from sea to land) of World War II, after the Battle of Normandy.
It was also one of the longest battles in history, from April to June 1945.
The Allies won the battle and occupied Okinawa.
Today, Okinawa is Japanese territory, but there are still American military bases there.
The Battle of Okinawa is considered to be the last major battle of World War II.
The Americans were planning Operation Downfall, the invasion of the four great islands of Japan.
This never happened, since the Japanese surrendered after the American use of the atomic bomb in August 1945 (first in Hiroshima, and a second time in Nagasaki) and the Soviet Union declaring war on Japan.
The battle has been called "Typhoon of Steel" in English, and "tetsu no ame," "tetsu no bōfū" by the people of Okinawa, which mean "rain of steel" and "violent wind of steel", because of the very heavy firing of guns and bombs at this battle.
Some battles, such as the Battle of Iwo Jima, had no civilians present, but Okinawa had a large civilian population.
The civilians killed or injured in the battle were at least 150,000.
American deaths were 18,900 killed or missing and 53,000 injured, more than double of the soldiers killed at Iwo Jima and Guadalcanal put together.
Several thousand soldiers who died from wounds and other causes after the battle had finished, are not included.
About a third of the civilian population of the island were killed.
There were about 100,000 Japanese soldiers killed and 7,000 captured.
Some of the soldiers committed seppuku or simply blew themselves up with grenades.
Some of the civilians, convinced by Japanese propaganda that the Americans were barbarians who did terrible things to prisoners, killed their families and themselves to avoid capture.
In 1945, Winston Churchill called the battle "among the most intense and famous in military history."'''
Overall Allied command authority for battle was Fifth Fleet (under Admiral Raymond A. Spruance).
Fifth Fleet was divided into several task forces and groups.
TF 56 was the largest force within TF 50 and was built around the 10th Army.
The army had two corps under its command.
In all, the Army had over 102,000 Army (of these 38,000+ were artillery, combat support and HQ troops, with another 9,000 service troops), over 88,000 Marines and 18,000 Navy personnel (mostly Seabees and medical personnel).
At the start of the Battle of Okinawa the 10th Army had 182,821 men under its command.
The U.S. Navy had greater casualties in this operation than in any other battle of the war.
The Japanese land campaign (mainly defensive) was had 67,000 men (77,000 according to some sources).
As well, there were 9,000 Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) troops at Oroku naval base.
There were also 39,000 local Ryukyuan people who were forced to fight.
Naval battle
The United States Navy's Task Force 58 was east of Okinawa.
It had 6 to 8 destroyers and 13 carriers.
Admiral Chester W. Nimitz gave his naval commanders time to rest.
Japanese air attacks had been light during the first few days after the landings.
However, on 6 April, there was an attack by 400 planes from Kyushu.
From 26 March-30 April, 20 American ships were sunk and 157 damaged.
Between 6 April and 22 June, the Japanese flew 1,465 kamikaze aircraft attacks.
Several fleet carriers were severely damaged.
Operation Ten-Go
Operation Ten-Go (Ten-gō sakusen'') was the attack by ten Japanese ships.
In all, the Imperial Japanese Navy lost 3,700 sailors, including Admiral Itō.
The US lost just 10 U.S. aircraft and 12 airmen.
British Pacific Fleet
Land battle
The land battle took place over about 81 days beginning on 1 April 1945.
The first Americans ashore were soldiers of the 77th Infantry Division, who landed west of Okinawa on 26 March.
Northern Okinawa
The 10th Army moved across the south-central part of the island.
They captured the Kadena and the Yomitan airbases.
Six days later on 13 April, the 2nd Battalion, 22nd Marine Regiment reached Hedo Point (Hedo-misaki) at the northern part of the island.
Japanese forces in the north were on the Motobu Peninsula.
Southern Okinawa
The U.S. Army 96th Infantry division and 7th Infantry Division went south across Okinawa.
The 96th Infantry Division had violent fights with Japanese troops in fortified positions.
The next American goal was Kakazu Ridge.
The Japanese soldiers hid in caves.
There were many casualties on both sides.
On the evening of 12 April, the 32nd Army attacked U.S. positions.
The attackers retreated.
A final attack on 14 April was again stopped.
The launched a new attack on 19 April with 324 guns, the largest ever in the Pacific Ocean war.
Then 650 Navy and Marine planes attacked with napalm, rockets, bombs, and machine guns.
A tank attack  failed with the loss of 22 tanks.
XXIV Corps lost 720 men KIA, WIA and MIA.
On 4 May, the 32nd Army launched another attack.
This time, Ushijima tried to land troops on the coasts behind American lines.
Japanese artillery fired 13,000 rounds.
Buckner launched another American attack on 11 May.
By the end of May, monsoon rains turned hills and roads into mud.
On 29 May, Maj.
Gen. Pedro del Valle ordered Company A, 1st Battalion, 5th Marines to capture Shuri Castle.
The Japanese retreat moved nearly 30,000 men into its last defense line on the Kiyan Peninsula.
The 4,000 Japanese sailors — including Admiral Minoru Ota — all committed suicide.
On 18 June, Gen. Buckner was killed by enemy artillery fire.
The last Japanese stopped fighting on 21 June, although some Japanese stayed hidden.
WW2DB: Okinawa Campaign
US military on the Battle of Okinawa
New Zealand account with reference to Operation Iceberg
USS Gilbert Islands CVE 107.
1945 {at Okinawa}
United States Army in World War II The War in the Pacific Okinawa: The Last Battle
Global Security history of Battle of Okinawa particular combat fatigue figures
History Online about Battle of Okinawa particular force strengths and casualties on both sides
1945 in Japan
Pacific battles of World War II
Nam was a very good skater as a child.
She won the silver medal (second place) at the 1999 United States national championships behind Michelle Kwan at age 13.
She would have normally gone to the World Championships after doing this, but she was too young according to the rules.
She could have gone if she had won a medal at the World Junior Championships, but that was the last year the World Junior Championships were held before Nationals and Nam did not go to those championships.
Nam had a bad career after this.
She had an injury in her hip and had to stop skating as a single skater.
In 2005, she started skating as a pairs skater with Themistocles Leftheris.
They placed 5th at the 2006 Nationals, a very good result for a new team.
They won the bronze medal (third place) at the 2006 Skate America competition, which was even more good.
They won the bronze at the 2007 Nationals and then placed 6th at the 2007 Four Continents.
Naomi Nari Nam is a very graceful and flexible skater.
She and Leftheris are a good pairs team.
They do very hard jumps for a pairs team, which is helped by Nam's good singles career.
Naomi Nari Nam and Themi Leftheris Online  - Official website
International Skating Union biography
Leftheris has skated pairs for most of his life.
He has had many partners and has done very well with them.
In 2005, he started skating as a team with Naomi Nari Nam.
Themistocles Leftheris is a very powerful skater.
He and Nam are a good pairs team.
Sportspeople from Florida
The Yokosuka MXY-7 Ohka (櫻花 "cherry blossom") was a type of airplane rocket, used for suicide attacks by the Empire of Japan in the last months of World War II.
The United States gave the aircraft the name Baka (Japanese for "stupid").
It was carried by a bomber that dropped it when close enough to an enemy ship.
The pilot guided it to crash with the target.
When dropping down, it could go so fast that it was almost impossible to stop it.
The operational record of Ohkas used in action includes three ships sunk and three other ships with great damage.
Thunder Gods  1989 book about Ohka squadron
The Cherry Blossom Squadrons  1973 book about Ohka squadron
The History of Kamikaze Ohka 桜花
Stéphane Lambiel  (born 2 April 1985 in Martigny, Valais) is a figure skater from Switzerland.
He is famous for his very good spins.
Lambiel was a good skater as a child.
When he was 12 years old, he was picked to perform an exhibition at the 1997 World Championships.
In 2002, when he was 16, the Swiss Olympic Committee told him he could go to the 2002 Winter Olympics if he placed in the top 15 at the European Championships.
Lambiel placed 4th at the European Championships and he went to the Olympics.
In 2006, Lambiel won the silver medal (second place) at the 2006 Winter Olympics.
He was World Champion in 2005 and 2006.
Lambiel is famous for having everything a skater needs to do well, called the "full package".
He is very artistic, and has all the technical elements needed, including a quadruple jump.
He is very consistent, except for the triple axel, which is a bad jump for him.
Lambiel has had a lot of injuries, which has kept him out of the Grand Prix a lot.
After the Olympics, he did not feel very motivated.
He missed the 2007 European Championships because he said he was burnt out.
But he came back for the 2007 World Championships, where he won the bronze medal.
Medalists at the 2006 Winter Olympics
He is best known as a figure skater.
He was a member of the Japanese team at the 2006 Winter Olympics at Turin in Italy.
In 2010, he won a bronze medal in the Winter Olympic Games at Vancouver in Canada.
Daisuke Takahashi at International Skating Union (ISU)
Japanese Olympic bronze medalists
People from Okayama Prefecture
Evgeni Plushenko (born 3 November 1982) is a figure skater from Russia.
He was born and raised in the Soviet Union.
He is the last of the "Soviet System" figure skaters, which took children from their parents at a young age and raised them in a training system away from home while giving them everything they needed, including housing and food and equipment, so they could become the best.
Plushenko was a very good skater as a child.
At age 14, he won the World Junior Championships.
At age 15, he won the bronze medal at the World Championships.
He has always been coached by Alexei Mishin, a very famous Soviet and Russian skater coach.
At the time of Plushenko's rise, Mishin was also coaching Alexei Yagudin.
When Yagudin saw all the attention Mishin was giving Plushenko, it made Yagudin leave and find another coach.
Plushenko and Yagudin had a very big rivalry that ended in 2002, when Yagudin won the Olympic Gold and Plushenko won the silver.
Between the 2002 Olympics and the 2006 Olympics, Plushenko only lost a competition twice.
The first time was to Emanuel Sandhu at the 2003-2004 Grand Prix Final.
The second was to Brian Joubert at the 2004 European Championships.
Plushenko came close to losing the 2003 World Championships to American Timothy Goebel, but won.
Plushenko withdrew from the 2005 World Championships with injury.
But he won the 2006 Olympics with a very big lead over everyone else there.
Plushenko took the 2006-2007 season away from skating.
He was married and had a child, but he is now getting a divorce.
He is trying to come back to competitive skating, but still has a lot of injuries.
Plushenko is known for his consistency and his strong jumping ability.
He has done a lot of quadruple jumps in competition and in combination with other jumps.
He was the first to do a lot of quadruple-jump combinations.
He has also done the Biellmann spin in competition, although he has not done that recently.
The bald eagle (Latin name: Haliaeetus leucocephalus) is a bird of prey that lives in North America.
It is the national bird of the United States of America.
The bald eagle is a kind of sea eagle.
It can be found in most of Canada, all of the United States, and the northern part of Mexico.
It lives near big areas of water, where there are trees to nest in and there is a lot of food to eat.
It is called bald because of its white head and neck. (
There is more information on the bald eagle's name in the section below called "Name.")
The species almost died in the United States (while its numbers were growing in Alaska and Canada) late in the 20th century.
Now it has a more stable population.
The bald eagle is a large bird.
It is usually as tall as  and its wingspan is .
Female eagles are about 25 percent larger than males.
Adult females weigh , while males weigh .
The adult bald eagle has a brown body, and its head and tail are white.
It also has yellow feet with large talons, and a hooked yellow beak.
The males and the females' wings have the same colors.
Before bald eagles become adults, their wings are brown.
Their wings are usually speckled with white dots until the fifth year.
The size of the bird depends on where it lives.
The smallest birds are in Florida, where an adult male is only about .
The largest Bald Eagles are in Alaska, where large females may be as much as .
The bald eagle is closely related to a species called the golden eagle.
The bald eagle is physically and mentally different from the golden eagle.
The bald eagle has a bigger head and a bigger beak, and its legs do not have feathers.
When bald eagles "call," (make sounds), they chirp weakly and whistle.
The young birds whistle more shrilly than adults.
Bald eagles usually live for around 20 years if they live in nature.
The oldest ones sometimes live for 30 years.
When bald eagles live in captivity, such as in zoos, they can live much longer.
This sea eagle gets both its common and scientific names from its head.
Bald in the English name is from the word piebald, which means, "one with a white head".
The scientific name is from Haliaeetus, which is Latin for "sea eagle".
The bald eagle was one of the many species written in Carolus Linnaeus's 18th century book Systema Naturae.
Linnaeus was a Swedish botanist, physician and zoologist who made the binomial nomenclature system.
H. l. leucocephalus (named by Linnaeus, 1766) is one of the subspecies.
It is found in the southern United States and Baja California.
H. l. washingtoniensis (named by Audubon, 1827) is the northern subspecies.
It is larger than the southern kind, leucocephalus.
It is found in the northern United States, Canada, and Alaska.
The bald eagle looks a lot like the Eurasian white-tailed eagle.
These species both have white heads of the same size, although the white-tailed eagle has a more pale feather color.
The pair probably parted into two at the North Pacific.
The white-tailed eagle is in Eurasia, and the bald eagle is in North America.
The bald eagle has a name because it can reach speeds to (30)mph.
Bald eagles need old trees with hard wood to live, sleep, and make nests.
They like trees that have holes and are safe from predators.
However, the height or kind of tree is not as important as its distance from a body of water.
Bald eagles need to live near water.
The bald eagle does not like to be near humans.
It is are found mostly in places where there are no humans, or very few of them.
However, a few bald eagles live in places with trees inside of big cities.
They may live in city parks.
Bald eagles live in a city in Oregon.
A family of bald eagles recently moved into Harlem, which is a place in the middle of New York city.
The bald eagle flies very fast.
It can move at speeds of 56–70 kilometers per hour (35–43 mph) when gliding or flapping its wings.
However, when it is carrying fish, it flies about .
Its dive speed is , though it does not dive a lot.
The bald eagle is usually migratory, which means that it travels (migrates) between homes which are very far away from each other.
In some places, bald eagles are not migratory.
If a bald eagle's territory has water near by, it will remain there all year.
But if the water where it lives freezes in the winter, it must migrate to the south or to the coast to find something to eat.
The bald eagle eats mostly fish.
In the Pacific Northwest, spawning trout and salmon are the main food of the Bald Eagle.
Sometimes, eagles may eat a lot of carrion, especially in winter.
They will also scavenge dead bodies up to the size of whales.
However, eagles eat more large dead fish than whales.
They also sometimes eat the leftover food from campsites or garbage dumps.
The mammals they eat include rabbits, hares, raccoons, muskrats, beavers, and deer fawns.
Some of the birds they eat include grebes, ducks, gulls, and geese.
Reptiles, amphibians and crustaceans (especially crabs) are also eaten.
To hunt fish the eagle swoops down over the water and snatches the fish out of the water with its talons.
They eat by holding the fish in one claw and tearing the flesh with the other.
Eagles have special things on their toes called spiricules that help them hold the fish more easily.
Bald eagles have powerful talons.
They have been seen flying with a 7 kg fawn.
Sometimes, when the fish is too heavy, the eagle will be dragged into the water with it.
Sometimes, eagles swim back to the shore and live, but sometimes they may drown or die because of hypothermia (a condition when one’s body gets so cold the body temperature drops below normal).
Other times, bald eagles steal fish and other kinds of food away from other animals.
Healthy adult bald eagles are not eaten anywhere in the wild.
This makes them thought as one of the top animals of the food chain.
Bald eagles become adults when they are four or five years old.
When they are old enough to mate, they usually come back to the place where they were born.
It is thought that bald eagles mate for life.
However, if one of the pair dies or disappears, the other will choose a new mate.
A pair which can not get a chick after trying for a long time, may split up and look for new mates.
When bald eagles court, they call and show their flying skills.
When they do so, two mates may fly high, and then lock their talons together, and fall, parting again right before hitting the ground.
The nest of the bald eagle is larger than any other nest in North America.
This is because it is used again and again, and every year more is added to the nest until it may soon become as large as  deep,  across and weigh 1 tonne.
One nest in Florida was found to be  deep,  across, and to weigh .
The nest is built out of branches, usually in large trees near water.
If there are no trees, the bald eagle will make its nest on the ground.
Eagles have between one and three eggs per year.
Both the male and female take turns incubating the eggs.
The other parent will hunt for food or look for more to add onto the nest.
The eggs are about  long.
Fall and rise of population
Once easily seen on the continental United States, the bald eagle was close to becoming extinct because of the use of the pesticide DDT.
The DDT destroyed an adult bird's calcium, and it would become unable to lay more healthy eggs.
Female eagles laid eggs that were too weak to withstand the weight of its parents.
In the early 1700s, the number of bald eagles were 300,000–500,000, but by the 1950s there were only 412 nesting pairs in the United States.
Other things that stopped bald eagles from producing well was the loss of habitat and illegal hunting of bald eagles.
Also, oil and lead were other big reasons why bald eagles began to die out.
The species was first protected in the United States and Canada by the 1918 Migratory Bird Treaty.
The 1940 Bald Eagle Protection Act in the United States also tried to stop the killing of the bald eagle and the golden eagle.
The bald eagle was an endangered species in 1967, and the penalties for people who killed the species grew more and more.
Also, in 1972, DDT was banned in the United States.
DDT was completely banned in Canada in 1989.
Because of all this hard work, the bald eagle's population began to rise again.
It was officially taken out from the United States list of endangered species on July 12, 1995.
To keep bald eagles in captivity, the workers had to be experienced in caring for eagles.
The bald eagle can live a long time in captivity if well cared for, but does not mate well, even under the best care.
The national bird of the United States
It appears on most of its seals, including the Seal of the President of the United States.
The Continental Congress made the design for the Great Seal of the United States with a bald eagle holding thirteen arrows and an olive branch with thirteen leaves in its talons on June 20, 1782.
The bald eagle can be found on both national seals and on the back of several coins (including the quarter dollar coin until 1999).
Between 1916 and 1945, the Flag of the President of the United States showed an eagle facing to its left.
There is a popular legend that Benjamin Franklin once supported the wild turkey as a symbol of the United States instead of the bald eagle.
However, there is no evidence that this is true.
The legend comes from the letter Franklin wrote to his daughter in 1784 from Paris.
However, this letter was about the Society of the Cincinnati, and it did not say anything about the bald eagle or the wild turkey.
In Native American culture
The Bald Eagle is a holy bird in some North American cultures.
Its feathers are thought to be special.
They are used very much in spiritual customs among the Native Americans.
Eagles are thought as messengers between gods and humans.
Eagle feathers are often used in traditional things, especially in fans.
The Lakota people, for instance, give an eagle feather as a symbol of honor to a person who achieves a task.
In modern times, it may be given on an event such as a graduation from college.
The Pawnee people thought eagles as symbols of nature and fertility.
This is because their nests are built high off the ground, and because they protect their young very bravely.
The Choctaw explained that the bald eagle, who can see the sun more directly, is a symbol of peace.
During the Sun Dance, which is danced by a lot of Native American tribes, the eagle is included in many different ways.
A whistle made from the wing bone of an eagle is used during the dance.
Also during the dance, a medicine man may direct his fan, which is made of eagle feathers, to people who need healing.
The fan is then held up toward the sky, so that the eagle may send all the sick prayers to the god.
However, Native American tribes cannot use bald or golden eagle feathers for their religious or spiritual use anymore.
This is because of a law called the eagle feather law.
The eagle feather law usually defends Native Americans by providing many exceptions to wildlife laws, but it presently does not yet allow Native American tribes to use them yet.
This made the Native American groups angry because they insisted that it was stopping their ability to use their religion freely.
Grant, Peter J. (1988) The Co. Kerry Bald Eagle Twitching 1(12): 379-80 – describes plumage differences between Bald Eagle and White-tailed Eagle in juveniles
End times in eschatology and religion.
End of Days (1999 movie), starring Arnold Schwarzenegger and directed by Peter Hyams
"End of Days" (Buffy episode), a season 7 episode of Buffy the Vampire Slayer
"End of Days" (Torchwood), a series 1 episode of Torchwood
Stacy London (born May 25, 1969 in New York City, New York) is an American fashion consultant and media personality.
She known best for her role as a co-host on the makeover reality program What Not to Wear.
The Kaiten (Japanese: 回天, translated "Change the World" or "Reverse Destiny") was a torpedo that was changed to become a suicide weapon, and used by the Navy of the Empire of Japan in the last months of the Second World War.
It was basically a torpedo with a pilot, and it could be thrown from a submarine or a ship.
The Kaiten was not very effective.
Out of more or less 100 attacks made with them, only two enemy ships were sunk.
Kaiten Memorial Museum
USS Bowfin Submarine Museum & Park
US Navy Historical Center
Pictorial account of types 1 and 2 kaitens
The Kaiten Mark II at the New Jersey Naval Museum in Hackensack, NJ
Humantorpedo 回天 Kaiten (Japanese)
A blanket is a large, usually rectangular piece of cloth, generally used on a bed over a sheet to keep the sleeping person warm.
Some blankets are knitted or crocheted while others are made of two layers of cloth sewn together with stuffing in the middle.
Blankets can be made with hollow fibre or feathers.
The word blanket probably came from the 14th century.
A special kind of fabric called Blanket fabric was created by a Flemish weaver who lived in Bristol, England.
Types of blankets
Electric blankets are heated by electricity.
Blankets were traditionally made of wool because it is warm, naturally fire-retardant, and allows air to circulate well, while today synthetic fibers are frequently used.
Throw blankets are smaller blankets, often in decorative colors and patterns, that can be used for extra warmth outside of bed.
Blanket terminology is also used in the printing industry.
A blanket is a rubber coating over different layer of compressible material.
It wraps around a cylinder and insures transfer of ink form the printed material (where the image is ink defined) to the paper.
Blankets are used for offset, gravure, flexo, etc.
Crochet is a way of creating fabric from yarn or thread using a crochet hook to pull loops of yarn through other loops.
It is similar to knitting, except that usually only one loop is active at one time, and that a crochet hook is used instead of knitting needles.
Also, crochet can not be made by machine.
Crochet uses more yarn than knitting but is faster to make by hand.
Crochet is used to make clothing, household items like tablecloths, blankets and potholders, and toys.
Lace is often made by crocheting, though it can be made by knitting and weaving as well.
Crocheting is also a great craft for younger children.
The stitches are easy and their small hands are able to hold the crochet hook.
They are also able to see progress very quickly and that motivates them to continue.
It is very easy to start again after setting the project down, which will help to keep young people involved in the craft.
Stitch Abbreviations
ch: chain stitch
yoh: yarn over hook
bl: back loops
fl: front loops
rs: right side
ws: wrong side
sc: single crochet
dc: double crochet
tc: triple crochet
sk or sk st: skip stitch
sl st: slip stitch
rnd: round(s)
*: repeat instructions following the "*"
bp: back post
fp: front post
bpdc: back post double crochet
fpdc: front post double crochet
tog: together
dc2tog: double crochet 2 stitches together
hdc: half double crochet
dec: decrease
US and UK Terminologies
The US and the UK use different names for the same crochet stitches.
If you are using a pattern, make sure you know if it uses US or UK terminology so you read it correctly.
Learn to crochet: 5 basic crochet stitches
Learn to crochet: Stitch Variations
UK to US crochet conversion chart
Weaving is the interlacing of two sets of threads at right angles to each other to form cloth.
Weaving is usually done on a loom.
One set of threads is called the warp.
These threads are held taut and in parallel order on the loom by harnesses creating a space called the shed.
The weft thread is wound onto bobbins.
In old-fashioned hand weaving the bobbins are held in a shuttle, which carries the weft thread through the shed.
The warp threads are moved over and under the weft threads.
Modern high speed weaving does not use a shuttle.
A loom is a machine for weaving thread or yarn into textiles.
Looms can range from very small hand-held frames, to large free-standing hand looms, to huge automatic mechanical devices.
A sweater is a piece of clothing worn on the upper body to keep the person warm.
Sweaters are usually knitted or crocheted.
Other names for sweaters are pullover, jersey, or jumper.
Sweaters that open in the front are often called cardigans.
They are named after James Brudenell, 7th Earl of Cardigan, a British general during the Crimean War, who led the famous charge of the Light Brigade.
Sweaters without sleeves are often called vests.
Sweaters can be worn all year long for comfort and warmth.
de:Sweatshirt
A scarf is a piece of fabric worn on or near the head or around the neck for warmth, cleanliness, fashion or for religious reasons.
Neck scarves are usually knitted or crocheted, while headscarves are usually woven.
Many Muslim women wear a headscarf known as a hijab.
In the Persian Gulf Region it is called a sheila.
Across the Universe is a musical movie made in 2007.
It is directed by Julie Taymor and written by Ian La Frenais and Dick Clement.
The main characters are played by Evan Rachel Wood and Jim Sturgess.
There are also other famous actors and singers who appear in the movie: Bono, who plays Dr. Robert, Eddie Izzard as Mr. Kite, Dana Fuchs as a musician called Sexy Sadie, and Salma Hayek as a nurse.
The story starts in the early 1960s.
A young ship builder from Liverpool named Jude (played by Jim Sturgess) travels by ship to the United States in search of his American G.I. father called Wes (Played by Robert Clohessy).
They have never met and his father does not know Jude exists.
While looking for his father at Princeton, Jude makes friends with somebody called Max (Played by Joe Anderson), a rebellious young man from a rich background, and Max's sister Lucy (Played by Evan Rachel Wood).
When Max drops out of college and moves to New York City, Jude goes with him.