the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
Davis knew how important his project was and even turned down a job with Duke Ellington's orchestra.
This group also led to the beginning of the lifelong friendship between Davis and Gil Evans.
People from East St. Louis, Illinois
A bandleader is the leader of a group of musicians.
Bandleaders often lead large groups that play genres like big band, jazz, blues, rhythm and blues and rock and roll.
The bandleader directs the other musicians in the group.
Bandleaders often perform in their groups as well.
Sometimes bands are named after their bandleaders.
American bandleaders
British bandleaders
Italian bandleaders
Pippo Barzizza
Gorni Kramer
Swedish bandleaders
Helmut Jederknüller – drums
Yngwie J. Malmsteen – guitar
Dutch bandleaders
Michiel Borstlap
Michiel Braam
Willem Breuker – trumpet
Jack Coenen – trombone, leading the Jack Million Band, specialized in the music of Glenn Miller
Tonny Eijk
Pim Jacobs
Erik van der Luijt
Malando – violin
Rogier van Otterloo
André Rieu — violin
Cees Schrama — keyboards
Joop Stokkermans – piano
Lajos Veres – multi-instrumentalist, mostly violin
German bandleaders
Peter Herbolzheimer
Bert Kaempfert
James Last – double bass
Max Raabe – singer
Uli Jon Roth – guitar
Michael Schenker – guitar
French bandleaders
Raymond Lefevre
Franck Pourcel
Belgian bandleaders
Francis Bay
Argentine bandleaders
Waldo de los Rios
Japanese bandleaders
Keisuke Kuwata – guitar multi-instrumentalist
Miyavi – guitar, gigpig, shamisen, sitar, turntables, wadaiko
Toshiko Akiyoshi – piano
Yoshiki Hayashi – piano, drums
Australian bandleaders
Stuart Lang – cornet
Mark "Slim" Roberts – cornet, trumpet
Neglect is a kind of abuse where a person harms another person by not giving them the things they need to live.
For example, a parent or caregiver may neglect a child by not giving them enough food, clothing, hygiene, medical care, affection or education; this is a form of child abuse.
Victims of neglect are those that need looking after, like children, physically or mentally disabled adults, elderly people, medical patients, animals or plants.
ro:Abuz asupra copilului#Categoria 3: neglijarea
Josef Mysliveček (born Prague, 9 March 1737; died Rome, 4 February 1781) was a Czech composer in the classical music period.
Although his music is not often performed these days he composed a lot of attractive music which often sounds like Mozart.
During the 1770s he was a good friend of the Mozart family.
Josef Mysliveček was born near Prague.
He was a twin.
His father was a miller who had quite a lot of money.
After he left school he became a miller in the family business.
He had already been a chorister in the choir of St Michal’s church where Felix Benda was choirmaster.
From 1760 he studied counterpoint with František Habermann and organ with Josef Seger.
He started to compose.
He wrote six sinfonias which were called after the first six months of the year (in the Czech language the months have names which are about the seasons).
When his father died Mysliveček decided to become a composer.
He left the family business to his younger brother.
He wanted to learn more about composing so, in 1763, he travelled to Venice to study with Giovanni Pescetti.
In Italy he became known as Il Boemo ("the Bohemian") and also "Venatorini", "the little hunter," which is what his name means literally.
Most composers in those days were employed by rich nobles or rulers, but Mysliveček earned his living through teaching, performing, and composing music.
He often got sums of money from rich people who liked his music.
Although he came from a rich family he was careless with his money.
When he died he was very poor.
Mysliveček stayed in Italy for the rest of his life.
He only revisited Prague once (in 1767-68).
Several of his operas were performed there.
He also went to Vienna in 1773 and Munich from 1776-1778.
He composed operas for several Italian theatres.
He met Mozart in Bologna in 1770.
Mozart was only 14 at the time.
He was good friends with the Mozart family until 1778 when the Mozarts broke off their friendship because Mysliveček promised, but then did not arrange for Mozart to write an opera for the theatre in Naples.
Mysliveček had many sexual relationships during his life, although we do not know the names of his lovers.
In the end he became ill with syphilis.
He was very ill during the last part of his life.
His face became a very strange shape, apparently because he was operated on by a bad surgeon.
Mozart was very upset when he saw him looking so ill.
A lot of his music sounds like some of the early works of Mozart.
Mozart, in return, uses several musical themes from compositions by Mysliveček.
He also made an arrangement of an operatic aria by Mysliveček's: "Il caro mio bene".
Mozart changed the words and wrote "Ridente la calma," KV 152 (K⁶ 210a) for soprano with piano accompaniment.
He wrote twenty-six opera seria, more than any other composer at that time.
They are full of da capo arias in which the singers can show off their technique.
His orchestral music does not sound Czech, it is much more Italian in style.
However, some of his chamber music has some Czech folk tunes.
His other pieces include oratorios, symphonies, concertos, and chamber music, including some of the earliest known string quintets composed with two violas.
He was also one of the first composers to write good music for wind ensemble.
He wrote some excellent violin concertos.
Freeman, Daniel E.  Josef Mysliveček, "Il Boemo": the Man and His Music.
Sterling Heights, Mich.: Harmonie Park Press, 2009.
Ainaži is a port town in Latvia.
It is close to the border of Estonia.
The city has had town rights since 1926.
Towns in Latvia
1926 establishments in Latvia
20th-century establishments in Latvia
1370s establishments in Europe
14th-century establishments in Latvia
1378 establishments
1991 establishments in Latvia
1992 establishments in Latvia
1928 establishments in Latvia
17th-century establishments in Latvia
Cēsis is a town in Latvia with town rights since 1206.
Its population was 17,170 in 2016.
The Gauja River flows through the city.
The river and the city are located in the heart of the Gauja National Park.
website of the city
1917 establishments in Latvia
Grobiņa is a town in Latvia with town rights since 1695.
It is approximately eleven kilometers east of Liepāja.
Discover Gulbene!
1647 establishments in Europe
Kuldīga (; ) is a town in Latvia with town rights since 1378.
It is the center of the Kuldīga District.
As of 2020, Kuldīga had a population of 10,352 people.
River Venta travels through the city.
Kuldīga was founded by the German Livonian Order at 1242.
It was called Goldingen by the Germans.
It become the capital city of Courland at 1587-1617.
Liepāja — 79 km;
Riga — 150 km;
Ventspils — 51 km.
Geesthacht, Germany
Mtskheta, Georgia
Drobak, Norway
Town site
Town site for travellers
Paul-Henri Thiry, Baron d'Holbach (8 December 1723 – 21 January 1789) was a French-German author, philosopher and encyclopedist.
He was an important figure in the French Enlightenment.
He was born Paul Heinrich Dietrich in Edesheim, near Landau in the Rhenish Palatinate.
He spent most of his life in Paris, where he kept a salon.
He is best known for his atheism.
He wrote a lot.
Most of his writings are against religion.
His best-known book is the System of Nature.
1789 deaths
Līvāni is a town in Latvia.
It has had town rights since 1926.
1777 establishments
Ogre is a town in Latvia with town rights since 1929.
It is the principal town of Ogre District in Central Latvia.
It is where the Daugava and Ogre rivers come together.
1557 establishments
Salaspils is a town in Latvia with town rights since 1993.
It is situated nearby the river Daugava and 18 kilometers from Riga.
1990s establishments in Latvia
Staicele is a town in Latvia.
It has had town rights since 1992.
Tukums is a town in Latvia with town rights since 1795.
In 2019, half of Latvia's tires were being recycled in the town.
It has the second largest tire recycling plant in the Baltic country.
Notable areas
Tukums Art Museum
Gallery "The Door"
Artis Kampars, Minister for Economics from March 2009 – October 2011
Joe Magidsohn, Latvian-born American football player
Janis Roze, Latvian biologist and philosopher
James Richman, Latvian-born investor and financier known for his investments in Facebook, Uber, and Tesla
Samanta Tīna, Latvian singer of Russian descent
Jevgēņijs Kosmačovs, FK Ventspils and Latvian national football team midfielder
Tukum's official website
Visit Tukums unofficial website
1584 establishments
Valmiera (; ) is a town in Latvia with town rights since 1323, it is the largest city of the historical Vidzeme region, Latvia, with a total area of .
It is the center of the Valmiera District.
As of 2002, Valmiera had a population of 27,323, and in 2008 – 27,569.
It lies at the crossroads of several important roads,  to the north-east from Riga, the capital of Latvia, and  south of the border with Estonia.
Valmiera lies on both banks of the Gauja River.
Twin towns — sister cities
1323 establishments
Frederick Sanger  (; 13 August 1918 – 19 November 2013) was an English biochemist.
Sanger is a two-time Nobel laureate in chemistry, the only person to have been so.
Sanger is the fourth person to have been given two Nobel Prizes, either individually or in tandem with others.
In 1980, Walter Gilbert and Sanger shared half of the chemistry prize "for their contributions concerning the determination of base sequences in nucleic acids".
The other half was given to Paul Berg "for his fundamental studies of the biochemistry of nucleic acids, with particular regard to recombinant-DNA".
In 1992, the Wellcome Trust and the Medical Research Council founded the Sanger Centre (now the Sanger Institute), named after him.
The Institute is on the Wellcome Trust Genome Campus near Hinxton, only a few miles from Sanger's home.
John Sulston, the founding director, asked Sanger if the centre could be named in his honor.
Sanger agreed but warned, "It had better be good".
It was opened by Sanger himself on 4 October 1993, with a staff of less than 50 people.
The Institute now has a leading role in the sequencing of the human genome.
The Institute now has over 900 people and is one of the world's largest genomic research centres.
Although he retains his dislike of violence, he has lost his Quaker religious faith and calls himself an agnostic.
In an interview published in the Times newspaper in 2000 Sanger is quoted as saying: "My father was a committed Quaker and I was brought up as a Quaker, and for them truth is very important.
I drifted away from those beliefs – one is obviously looking for truth but one needs some evidence for it.
Even if I wanted to believe in God I would find it very difficult.
I would need to see proof".
In 2007 the British Biochemical Society was given a grant by the Wellcome Trust to catalogue and preserve the 35 laboratory notebooks in which Sanger recorded his remarkable research from 1944 to 1983.
In reporting this matter, Science journal noted that Sanger, "the most self-effacing person you could hope to meet", was now spending his time gardening at his Cambridgeshire home.
Sanger died on 19 November 2013 in his Cambridge, England home, aged 95.
His scientific biography is currently being written for publication in 2014.
English biochemists
English molecular biologists
There are 9 cities and 67 towns in Latvia.
This is a list of the cities and towns.
Mats Johan Sundin (born February 13, 1971) is a Swedish retired professional ice hockey player.
Sundin played a career total of 18 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL).
He played for the Quebec Nordiques, Toronto Maple Leafs, and Vancouver Canucks.
Sundin served as the team captain of the Toronto Maple Leafs for 11 seasons.
When the 2007–08 NHL season ended, Sundin became the longest serving non-North American born captain in NHL history.
He last played 41 games with the Vancouver Canucks in the 2008–09 NHL season before he announced his retirement on September 30, 2009.
Khorasan is famous worldwide for its saffron and zereshk which are produced in the southern cities of the province.
It is also known for its famous rugs.
Sir Geoffrey Prior (1896-1972) was the first Chief commissioner of Balochistan (Pakistan) from 15 August 1947 to 3 October 1947.
Sir Frederick Chalmers Bourne (12 August 1891 – 1977) was an English colonial administrator.
He served in British India.
He began his service in the Royal Army.
He then served in the civil service from 1920.
He worked in Lahore for several years, and held several high positions for the government of Punjab.
Bourne was appointed acting Governor of the Central Provinces and Berar from May to October 1945, and as the acting Governor of Assam in 1946.
He then served as the last Governor of the Central Provinces and Berar, from 1946 until independence of India in 1947.
Bourne was then appointed the first governor of East Bengal, United Pakistan.
He was governor from 15 August 1947 to 5 April 1950.
Sir Frederick Chalmers Bourne at the National Portrait Gallery, London
Frederick Chalmers Bourne in the National Archives
Sir Francis Mudie (1890–1976) was the first governor of the Punjab in Pakistan from 15 August 1947 to 2 August 1949.
Governors of Bihar
Sir George Cunningham (1888 - 1964) was the first governor of the North-West Frontier Province province in Pakistan.
He was governor from 15 August 1947 to 8 April 1948.
The 1899 Atlantic hurricane season was during the summer and fall of 1899.
Nine storms were seen during this time, five of them were hurricane and the other four were tropical storms.
Hurricane Three or the Hurricane San Ciriaco was the longest lived Atlantic hurricane.
It also killed about 3433 people, making it the tenth deadliest Atlantic hurricane.
Tropical Storm One was a weak tropical storm in late June.
One started in the northwest corner of the Gulf of Mexico.
It made landfall in Texas and quickly died, the same day.
This storm was seen about 2 days before it hit Hispaniola.
It later hit Florida in the Panhandle on August 1.
Two died the next day.
This storm killed 6 people and caused almost $600,000 in damage.
Hurricane Three
Hurricane Three, which was called the Hurricane San Ciriaco, was the longest lived hurricane in the Atlantic Ocean.
The hurricane affected about six countries.
This hurricane lived from August 3 to September 4, nearly a month.
It killed about 3,433 people.
Hurricane Four was a category 2 hurricane that struck Haiti in early September.
The hurricane caused no damage or deaths.
Hurricane Five was a category 3 hurricane that mostly stayed at sea.
But before it died, it hit Newfoundland as a weak hurricane.
Six was a strong tropical storm in early October, 1899.
It died not very long after making a landfall near Gainesville, Florida.
Tropical Storm Seven was a weak tropical storm.
It lasted during the middle of October, 1899.
Seven did not affect any land.
This category 2 hurricane struck Cuba and South Carolina.
It was a category 1 when it struck both of those places.
Tropical Storm Nine was the last storm in 1899.
It lasted during early to mid November in 1899.
This storm also struck Cuba.
Printed Media
Hamilton Press: Bermuda, 1966
The 1890 Atlantic hurricane season was one of the least active hurricane seasons, with only 4 storms.
This season got an early start, as Tropical Storm One started in May.
There were also only 9 deaths in 1890.
Paul Cézanne (19 January 1839 – 22 October 1906) was a French painter.
He was born in Aix-en-Provence, in the south of France, and died of pneumonia there.
The artistic career of Paul Cézanne lasted more than forty years, from roughly 1860 to 1906.
A busy artist, he produced more than 900 oil paintings and 400 watercolours, including many incomplete works.
Cézanne's work is broadly post-impressionist.
His work helped change the 19th century idea of art to the very different world of art in the 20th century.
Cézanne's work is the bridge between late 19th century Impressionism and the early 20th century Cubism.
The line attributed to both Matisse and Picasso that "Cézanne is the father of us all" is significant.
Cézanne's work shows a mastery of design, colour and composition.
His brushstrokes are clearly recognizable.
He used planes of colour and small brushstrokes that build up to form complex fields.
The paintings reveal Cézanne's intense study of his subjects, a searching gaze, and a struggle to deal with the complexity of human visual perception.
Cézanne's The Card Players (1882) is at present the world's most expensive painting.
It was sold for more than $250 million in 2011 to the royal family of Qatar.
What makes this all the more remarkable is that there are four other Cézanne 'Card Players'.
They are in the collections of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Musée d’Orsay, the Courtauld, and the Barnes Foundation.
His best friend was Emile Zola.
Cézanne the artist
In Paris, Cézanne met the Impressionist  Camille Pissarro in the mid-1860s.
Initially the friendship was that of master and disciple, with Pissarro having an influence on the younger artist.
Over the course time their landscape painting trips, in Louveciennes and Pontoise, led to a working relationship between equals.
Cézanne's early work is often concerned with the figure in the landscape, imaginatively painted.
Later in his career, he became more interested in working from direct observation and gradually developed a light, airy painting style that was to influence the Impressionists enormously.
In Cézanne's mature work we see the development of a solidified, almost architectural style of painting.
He ordered whatever he saw into simple forms and colour planes.
His statement "I want to make of impressionism something solid and lasting like the art in the museums", and his contention that he was recreating Poussin "after nature" proved his desire to unite observation of nature with the permanence of classical composition.
Many of his paintings show people bathing, with the Montagne Sainte-Victoire in the background.
These mountains are situated east of Aix-en-Provence.
He also painted many still lifes, and portraits of his wife, with these mountains.
His colleagues included Pissarro, Monet and Renoir.
Ambroise Vollard, an art critic with a gallery, was among the first people who bought Cézanne's artworks.
In 1895, Vollard had the first exhibition showing Cézanne's works in his gallery, in Paris.
Cézanne's work influenced other artists, especially Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque, who started Cubism, as well as Henri Matisse.
Paul Cézanne can also be seen as a post-impressionist, who helped shape modernism in painting.
Paul Cézanne painted over 900 oil paintings and 400 watercolours, over 200 of them being still life paintings.
Alice DeeJay was a Dutch electronic music group, who achieved success from 1999 to 2002.
The group consisted of record producers Pronti (born Sebastiaan Molijn), Kalmani (born Eelke Kalberg) and DJ Jurgen, with lead singer Judith Anna Pronk.
The groups best known song is "Better Off Alone" from their 2000 album, Who Needs Guitars Anyway?.
Alice DeeJay at Allmusic
1999 establishments in Europe
2002 disestablishments in Europe
The Myriapoda is a subphylum of arthropods.
It contains the millipedes, centipedes, and others.
The group has 13,000 species, all of which are terrestrial.
Their name suggests they have many legs.
In fact one has over 750 legs (Illacme plenipes), but some have fewer than ten legs.
The fossil record of myriapods goes back into the late Silurian, though molecular evidence suggests they diversified in the Cambrian period.
Cambrian fossils do exist which look like myriapods.
Myriapods have a single pair of antennae and, in most cases, simple eyes.
The mouthparts lie on the underside of the head,
There is an "epistome" and labrum forming the upper lip, and a pair of maxillae forming the lower lip.
A pair of mandibles lie inside the mouth.
Myriapods breathe through spiracles that connect to a tracheal system similar to that of insects.
There has been much debate as to which arthropod group is most closely related to the Myriapoda.
Under the Mandibulata hypothesis, Myriapoda is the sister taxon to Pancrustacea, a group comprising the Crustacea and Hexapoda.
Under the Atelocerata hypothesis, Hexapoda is the closest, whereas under the Paradoxopoda hypothesis, Chelicerata is the closest.
This last hypothesis, although supported by few morphological characters, is supported by a number of molecular studies.
There are four classes of living myriapods, Chilopoda (centipedes), Diplopoda (millipedes), Pauropoda and Symphyla.
There is a total of around 12,000 living species.
While each of these groups of myriapods is believed to be monophyletic, relationships among them are less certain.
Centipedes
Centipedes make up the class Chilopoda.
They are fast, predatory and venomous, hunting mostly at night.
There are around 3,300 species, ranging from the diminutive Nannarup hoffmani (less than half an inch in length,  mm) to the giant Scolopendra gigantea, which may exceed .
Millipedes are the class Diplopoda, where most segments appear to have two pairs of legs.
This happened because each pair of body segments fused (joined) into a single unit, which gives them the appearance of having two pairs of legs per segment.
They are slower than centipedes, and feed on leaf litter and detritus.
Around 8,000 species have been described, which may represent less than a tenth of the true global millipede diversity.
One species, Illacme plenipes has the greatest number of legs of any animal, with 750.
Millipedes typically have between 36 and 400 legs.
Pill millipedes are much shorter, and are capable of rolling up into a ball, like pillbugs.
About 200 species of symphylans are known worldwide.
They resemble centipedes but are smaller and translucent.
Many spend their lives as soil infauna, but some live arboreally.
Juveniles have six pairs of legs, but, over a lifetime of several years, add an additional pair at each moult so that the adult instar has twelve pairs of legs.
Pauropoda
Pauropoda is another small group of small myriapods.
They are typically 0.5–2.0 mm long and live in the soil on all continents except Antarctica.
Over 700 species have been described.
They are believed to be the sister group to millipedes, and have the dorsal tergites fused across pairs of segments, similar to the more complete fusion of segments seen in millipedes.
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, more commonly referred to as TENS (or sometimes TeNS), is defined by the American Physical Therapy Association as application of electrical current through the skin for pain control.
Fenwick Island is a town in Sussex County, which is in the state of Delaware in the United States.
There were about 357 people in the town in 2006.
Fenwick Island is part of the Seaford, Delaware Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Fenwick Island is on the Atlantic Ocean north of Ocean City, Maryland.
Towns in Delaware
General American (GA) is a major accent of American English.
Within American English, General American and accents approximating it are contrasted with Southern American English, several Northeastern accents, and other distinct regional accents and social group accents like African American Vernacular English.
Thomas Linley (born Bath, England,  5 May 1756; died Grimsthorpe, Lincs 5 Aug 1778) was an English composer and violinist.
He was born in the same year as Mozart and, like Mozart, he was an astonishing child prodigy.
He would almost certainly have been one of England’s greatest composers if he had not died at the age of 22.
Thomas came from a musical family.
His father, also called Thomas Linley, was a composer, singing teacher and harpsichord player.
His young son  was soon showing exceptional musical skills.
We do not know who taught him the violin in his early years, but people writing at the time all say he was a brilliant player.
He went to Italy to study the violin and composition with Nardini in Florence.
He met Mozart there in 1770 and he also met Charles Burney in the same year.
Burney wrote that Linley was the most promising genius of the time.
In 1771 Linley went back to England.
He was the leader of the orchestra in the theatre in Drury Lane.
He often played concertos between the acts of oratorios.
During the last five years of his life he composed a large amount of excellent music.
Unfortunately a lot of it has been lost.
Gainsborough twice painted a portrait of him.
Stanley Sadie, London 1980,
short biography of Thomas Linley, the Younger
Kaiane Aldorino won Miss World 2009 on December 12, 2009.
She was born July 8, 1986 in Gibraltar.
British models
Miss World winners
Thomas Linley (born Badminton, Gloucestershire, England, 17 January 1733; died London 19 November 1795), was an English composer, harpsichordist and singing teacher.
He studied with Thomas Chilcot, organist of Bath Abbey, and later with William Boyce and possibly also with Paradies, the Italian harpsichordist who had come to live in England.
He married a girl called Mary Johnson and the couple had twelve children.
Several of them were gifted musicians, especially Thomas who died at the age of 22 in a boating accident.
Thomas Linley was chosen to be a member of the Royal Society of Musicians in 1777.
He is buried in Wells Cathedral.
New Groves Dictionary of Music&Musicians, ed.
Stanley Sadie; London 1980;
A hypothetical imperative is a rule of the form If you want x, then do y. Moral theories may generally have this structure.
This means that only those who want x, must do y. Another view is that moral values are not relative to some objective, but are the same for all, that is they are unconditional, or categorical.
The term was coined by Immanuel Kant.
Kant said that moral values had to be unconditional, categorical; he wrote a categorical imperative.
William Boyce (born London, 11 September 1711; died Kensington,  7 February 1779) is one of the most important English composers of the 18th century.
He was composing during the last years of the Baroque period and the early years of the Classical Period.
He is famous for his church music as well as music for the theatre and orchestral music.
Boyce was born in the City of  London.
His father was a cabinetmaker.
His house was known by the sign of a Naked Boy which hung outside.
Boyce was a choirboy at St Paul's Cathedral and then studied music with Maurice Greene after his voice broke.
When he had finished his studies he got a job as organist at the Earl of Oxford’s chapel in Cavendish Square.
Two years later he went to St Michael’s Cornhill.
He was still studying music, now his teacher was Pepusch.
Boyce wrote songs for Vauxhall Gardens.
Many people would have heard these songs.
He became composer to the Chapel Royal in 1736.
This was a great honour.
He wrote several big works, although we do not know much about them or about their performances.
Some time during the 1740s he composed a theatre work called The Secular Masque.
The words were by John Dryden.
In 1749 he was given the title of Doctor of Music after a performance of his anthem O be joyful.
Boyce was very famous by now.
He went to live in a large house in Chancery Lane.
He seems to have married and started a family.
He was asked to compose for the theatre in Drury Lane.
It is surprising he had not been asked to write theatre music before.
It may be because he was going deaf.
This would have made it difficult for him to rehearse his music with the orchestra.
Boyce wrote a good deal of music for the theatre.
There seems to have been some rivalry with the composer Thomas Arne.
Probably the composers themselves did not want this rivalry, it was encouraged by their supporters.
In 1755, when Maurice Green died, William Boyce was made Master of the King's Music in his place.
He was expected to compose odes for every New Year and for the King’s birthday.
He did this for the rest of his life.
Later years and reputation
Not much of Boyce’s works were published during his lifetime.
He wrote eight symphonies.
The earlier ones are in a Baroque style.
Later his style started to change to become more Classical, but by the time he was very deaf he could not hear new music that was being composed by other people, so his style did not develop any more.
He spent a lot of his time  putting together a collection of church music called
Cathedral Music.
It included music from two centuries of English church music, especially music by John Blow, Henry Purcell, Pelham Humfrey and Orlando Gibbons.
He encouraged singers to sing with a score in front of them (music which shows all the singing parts) instead of just the part that they sing, so that they could see how their part fitted in with the others.
This is normal today, but it was a new idea at the time.
He had to spend a lot of his time writing unimportant music for the king which was unlikely ever to be performed more than once.
Boyce is best known for his eight symphonies, his anthems and his odes.
He also wrote the masque Peleus and Thetis and songs for John Dryden's Secular Masque, incidental music for William Shakespeare's The Tempest, Cymbeline, Romeo and Juliet and The Winter's Tale, and a lot of chamber music including a set of twelve trio sonatas.
The lyrics were later written by David Garrick.
His music is always skilfully written, especially his fugues and dances.
Boyce was largely forgotten after his death.
In the 19th century he was known mainly for editing Cathedral Music.
Today some of his orchestral and instrumental pieces are often played.
The Starry Night is a famous painting of a moonlit sky with stars in it by Vincent van Gogh.
It was painted in 1889.
It was one of the last paintings he made.
The Starry Night in the MoMA Online Collection
smARThistory: van Gogh's Starry Night
Multimedia study of van Gogh, McLean and Sexton
On Exhibit at the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam February 13-June 7 2009, retrieved January 31, 2009
The Starry Night at the Most Famous Paintings
1880s paintings
Paintings by Vincent van Gogh
Money Talks is a 1997  action/comedy movie directed by Brett Ratner and starring Chris Tucker and Charlie Sheen.
It was released to theaters by New Line Cinema
The Kalgan River is in Western Australia near Albany.
It is one of the oldest rivers in the world and has seen dinosaurs on its banks.
It is about  in length.
The river was named the 'Riviere des Francais' by the French Scientific Expedition in 1803 led by Nicolas Baudin.
Early settlers called it the 'French River'.
The explorer Dr Alexander Collie wrote down the name of the river as 'Kal-gan-up' in April 1831.
The name Kalganup is thought to be the Noongar word for 'place of many waters'.
Kalganup is also thought to mean 'place of fishes' and there are still the remains of Aboriginal fish traps to prove the point.
A gas mask is a kind of mask that fits over the face area and nose.
It protects from poison gases and many other hazards in the air.
During World War II gas masks were sent all over England.
They were worn everywhere, even to sleep, in case of surprise attack.
However, the Germans didn't attack with gas bombs.
Gas masks have a filter, a type of material which lets good air in.
pt:Máscara contra gases
George Hoyt Whipple (August 26, 1878 - February 1, 1976) was an American Medical doctor and scientist.
He won the 1934 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, along with George Minot and William P. Murphy, for their discoveries about how eating liver could cure anaemia.
Educators from New Hampshire
Milişăuţi is a town in Suceava County, Romania.
In 2011, 4,958 people lived there according to the census.
Fălticeni (; ;  ) is a city in Suceava County, Romania, capital of the former Baia County (1929-1950).
As of 2003 the population is 28,899, and the city covers an area of 28,76 km², of which 25% are orchards and lakes.
The city is  away from Suceava, the capital of the county.
Vicovu de Sus () is a town in northern Suceava County, Romania.
It is on the border with Ukraine.
George Richards Minot (December 2, 1885 - February 25, 1950) was an American doctor.
He won the 1934 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, along with George Whipple and William P. Murphy, for their discoveries how eating liver could cure anaemia.
The Tertiary was an official geological period, but it is no longer used.
It included the first part of the Cainozoic.
This is now divided into the Palaeogene and the Neogene.
The previous use of the term "Tertiary" explains why the last period of the Cainozoic is called the Quarternary.
There was a big debate about that.
These decisions are made by the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS).
This organisation runs an International Commission on Stratigraphy, which decides how we should name geological strata and stages.
The Quaternary is the current geological period.
It is the most recent of the three periods of the Cainozoic era and the most recent of the twelve periods of the current eon, the Phanerozoic.
The Quaternary follows the Neogene, which is the second period of the Cainozoic.
The Quaternary began about 2.6 million years ago, and continues today.
A great deal of information is considered when geologists discuss the timing of periods.
The status of the Quaternary as a period is confirmed by the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS).
In the Quarternary were the glaciations known as the Ice Age.
Also, anatomically modern humans evolved.
During the Quaternary,  many large mammalian species became extinct.
This was due to climate change and hunting by humans.
iCal is a personal calendar application made by Apple Inc. that runs on the macOS operating system.
iCal was the first calendar application for macOS to offer support for multiple calendars and the ability to publish/subscribe calendars to WebDAV server.
Originally released as a free download for Mac OS X v10.2 on September 10 2002, with the release of Mac OS X v10.3 it was bundled with the operating system as iCal 1.5.
Version 2 of iCal was released as part of Mac OS X v10.4, Version 3 with Mac OS X v10.5 and Version 4 as part of Mac OS X v10.6.
Apple licensed the iCal name from Brown Bear Software, who have used it for their iCal application  since 1997.
iCal development is quite different from other Apple software because it was designed independently by a small French team working "secretly" in Paris, led by Jean-Marie Hullot, a friend of Steve Jobs.
iCal's development has since been transferred to Apple US headquarters in Cupertino.
It tracks events and appointments, allows multiple calendar views (such as calendars for "home", "work", and other calendars you create) to quickly identify conflicts and free time.
It is integrated with MobileMe, so calendars can be shared and synced with other devices, such as PCs, iPhones, and iPod touch, over the Internet.
You can also share calendars via the WebDAV protocol.
Google now supports WebDAV for Google Calendar making iCal easily configurable with Google Sync.
Users can subscribe to other calendars so they can keep up with friends and colleagues, and other things such as athletic schedules and television programs.
iCal allows notification of upcoming events either on screen, by e-mail, SMS, or Pager.
There is also a third-party Dashboard widget called iCal Events  that allows notification of upcoming events using Dashboard.
iCal integrates Apple Sync Services to sync its data with MobileMe, devices such as PDA, iPod, iPhone or other mobile phones via iSync and third party software.
iCal supports the use of the iCalendar format.
It does not support the older vCalendar 1.0 format.
New in Version 3
Setting to let iCal set auto-alarms for each event created.
Inline event editing
Ability to turn off alarms for all events
Use a CalDAV(WebDAV) account to store and keep calendars in sync on a CalDAV server.
The date on the icon in the Dock displays the current date all the time. (
Until version 3, iCal's icon displayed July 17—the date iCal premiered in 2002 at the Macworld Expo—by default until the program was run.)
New in Version 4
Microsoft Exchange Server 2007 support
Refined user interface (particularly for multiple events management)
It has been reported that some users of iCal who have their calendar on a CalDAV server can not view or add events to their calendar.
This issue is specific to Google Calendar users.
The release of Snow Leopard introduced several bugs into Snow Leopard, with regard to iCal alarms.
These problems include alarms not firing; all alarms being set to one fixed date and time in the past, preventing them from firing; alarms from repeat events being fired for all historic occurrences of that repeated event, resulting in dozens of alarms for one event.
Updates to Snow Leopard 10.6.1 and 10.6.2 have not addressed these problems.
iCal supports times zones, i.e.: if the function is enabled, and the computer's time zone changes, all the events in iCal are shifted to compensate for the time zone difference.
The bug is that this function also occurs when it is turned off, therefore, whenever the computer's time zone changes, all the events in iCal shift as well.
As of today, there is still no fix for this bug.
New Software Lets Users Manage Multiple Calendars & Share Calendars Over The Internet - Apple's July 2002 press release introducing iCal
New Application to Manage & Share Multiple Calendars Now Available for Free Download - Apple's September 2002 press release announcing availability of iCal
Calendar and Scheduling Consortium part of next version of iCal Server (Leopard)
iCalFix - iCal extension that automatically adds alarms to newly created events.
ICal4j  - ICal Java library (with usage examples)
Delegate calendars with Outlook, Entourage, and web mail users  -  through Kerio MailServer.
Perl script  and instructions to subscribe from iCal to a Sun Calendar Server and subsequently sync it to mobile devices through iSync
Apple iCal calendars
Geody iCal and csv calendars - Free (CC-by-sa) calendars
The Palaeogene (meaning “old generation” in Greek) is the first geological period of the Cainozoic and the tenth period in the Phanerozoic eon.
It began 65 million years ago, and ended 23 million years ago.
Before it was the Cretaceous.
The Palaeogene was followed by the Neogene.
The Palaeogene and the succeeding Neogene were originally considered to be one period, the Tertiary, until it was split recently .
The Neogene (meaning “new generation” in Greek) is the second geological period of the Cainozoic and the eleventh period in the Phanerozoic eon.
It began 23 million years ago, and ended about 2.6 million years ago when glaciation became less rare.
Before the Neogene was the Palaeogene.
The Neogene has two stages: Miocene, and Pliocene.
It is followed by the Quaternary.
The Palaeocene is the first geological epoch in the Palaeogene.
It started after the end of the Cretaceous, and lasted for about 10 million years.
It was followed by the Eocene epoch.
The Palaeocene began and ended with an extinction event, each of quite a different character.
The epoch began with the K/T extinction event, caused by a combination of a meteorite strike (Chicxulub crater) and a huge volcanic flood basalt eruption which produced the Deccan Traps in what is now India.
This caused the extinction of many groups, including the dinosaurs and many other reptiles.
The epoch ended with the Palaeocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum, a deep ocean anoxic event (DOAE).
This means that the ocean depths were lacking oxygen, so no higher forms of life could survive.
This produced a mass extinction of between 35–50% of deep water forms such as benthic foraminifera, and coincided with a major change of mammalian types on land.
After a cooler start, the climate grew warmer during the epoch, far warmer than today, and the world was heavily forested.
There were no ice caps at the poles.
Warm seas circulated throughout the world, including the poles.
The earliest Paleocene featured a low diversity and abundance of marine life, but this trend reversed later in the epoch.
Tropical conditions gave rise to abundant marine life, including coral reefs.
With the demise of marine reptiles at the end of the Cretaceous, sharks became the top predators.
At the end of the Cretaceous, the ammonites and many species of foraminifera became extinct.
Marine faunas also came to resemble modern faunas.
Only the marine mammals and an important family of sharks, the Carcharhinidae, are missing.
Non-avian dinosaurs may have survived to some extent into the early Danian stage of the Paleocene Epoch about 66 mya.
The controversial evidence for such is a hadrosaur leg bone found from Paleocene strata in New Mexico; but such stray late forms may be derived fossils.
This means they were fossilised, then erosion uncovered them, then they were buried again in a younger layer of rocks.
Polar forests
The warm Paleocene climate, much like that of the Cretaceous, supported  polar forests.
Precipitation is a major factor in plant diversity nearer the equator, but polar plants have to adapt to light (polar nights and midnight suns) and temperature.
Because of this, plants from both poles evolved some similar characteristics, such as broad leaves.
Plant diversity at both poles increased throughout the Paleocene, especially at the end, in tandem with the increasing global temperature.
Stages of the Palaeocene
Byron Moreno (born 23 November 1969) is a former Ecuadorian football referee.
He has been suspended for his job, because he showed illegal red cards.
He was also arrested in New York for the possession of the illegal drug heroin and was fined for drunk driving.
The Eocene was the second geological epoch in the Palaeogene.
It began 56 million years ago, and ended 33.9 million years ago.
Before it was the Palaeocene and, after it was the Oligocene.
The Eocene, like the Palaeocene before it, had a climate much warmer than today.
At the start of the Eocene the Palaeocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum was reached.
This lasted for 100,000 years, and caused a large extinction event.
The land was heavily forested, with temperate forests into arctic and antarctic regions, and the many herbivorous mammals were browsers, not grazers.
The end of the Eocene was the beginning of the Oligocene (33.9 million years ago).
Many plant and animal species went extinct.
This was the Eocene–Oligocene extinction event.
The extinction event was probably caused by meteorite strikes in Siberia and Chesapeake Bay.
Islam is the official religion of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.
In 2007, 97% of the population were Muslims, with 75% being Sunni and 20% Shi'a.
There are about 175,376,000 Muslims in Pakistan which is the second largest Muslim population in the world after Indonesia.
The Shi'a Muslim population is the second largest in the world after Iran, more than 50 million.
In 644 A.D. an Arab Army under the command of Hakam defeated the combined forces of Makran and Sindh, which was prominently Buddhist at the time.
The period of Arab rule brought the religion of Islam to the Indus Valley.
The Baloch tribes gradually embraced Islam, replacing their centuries-old Zoroastrian religion.
Islam arrived in the area of modern Pakistan in 711 AD, 79 yrs after the of death of the prophet Muhammad.
The Umayyad dynasty sent a Muslim Arab army led by Muhammad bin Qasim al-Thaqafi against the ruler of Sindh, Raja Dahir.
Raja Dahir had given refuge to many Zoroastrian Princes who had fled the Islamic conquest of the Persian Empire.
Muhammad Bin Qasim's army was defeated in his first three attempts.
The Muslim army conquered the northwestern part of Indus Valley from Kashmir to the Arabian Sea.
The arrival of the Arab Muslims to the provinces of Sindh and Punjab, along with subsequent Muslim dynasties, set the religious boundaries of South Asia.
This would lead to the development of the modern state of Pakistan as well as forming the foundation for Islamic rule across much of South Asia.
Following the rule of various Islamic empires, including the Ghaznavid Empire, the Ghorid Kingdom, and the Delhi Sultanate, the Mughals controlled the region from 1526 until 1739.
Muslim technocrats, bureaucrats, soldiers, traders, scientists, architects, teachers, theologians and Sufis flocked from the rest of the Muslim world to  Sultanate and Mughal Empire in South Asia.
The Kashmir Smast caves are a series of natural limestone caves, artificially expanded from the Kushan Empire to the Shahi periods, in the Babozai mountains in the Mardan Valley in Northern Pakistan.
The Lower Cretaceous is the first geological epoch in the Cretaceous.
It began 145 million years ago, and ended 100.5 million years ago.
Lasting for about 46 million years, this is the longest stage in the Phanerozoic eon.
It is longer than some of the geological periods in the Phanerozoic.
The Lower Cretaceous is best displayed in England, where it is composed of two series of rocks.
Between the two is a major rise in sea level.
Lower, the Wealden Beds, laid down in freshwater or brackish conditions.
Sands came from the flood plain of a huge tropical braided river.
Clays came from a coastal lagoonal plain.
Upper, the Greensands, an olive-green sandstone deposited in the sea; and the Gault Clay, a formation of stiff blue clay deposited in a calm, fairly deep water marine environment.
It overlays the Lower Greensand formation.
The two parts of the Cretaceous represent the sea level where the divisions were first defined.
In the Lower Cretaceous, the sea level was much lower than in the Upper Cretaceous.
In the Wealden, Southern England was a huge tropical river delta; in the Greensand the same areas were just offshore.
However, in the Upper Cretaceous the deposits were made in deeper water, on what was then the continental shelf.
Sea level then stood at its highest level in the Mesozoic.
A trio sonata is written for three voices (three parts), in other words, it can be played by three different instruments.
The two upper voices share the same musical themes.
They often imitate one another.
They are of equal importance.
The third part, the lowest part, is played by basso continuo, which means the accompaniment.
This continuo is usually played by two instruments:  typically a cello or bass viol and a keyboard instrument such as the harpsichord.
That makes four players, of course.
However, the harpsichord player’s left hand notes are the same as the cello’s notes.
This is the “third” part of the trio.
Some of the best trio sonatas are those by Arcangelo Corelli.
His collection of trio sonatas numbered opus 1 and 3 are sonata da chiesa: four movements (slow-fast-slow-fast) finishing with a fugue.
His op 2 and 4 sonatas are sonata da camera type: each movement is a kind of dance.
Corelli’s trio sonatas are for two violins and continuo.
Johann Sebastian Bach wrote a trio sonata in The Musical Offering for violin, flute and continuo.
Bach also wrote six trio sonatas for organ.
These are played by one player.
The organist’s two hands each play on different manuals (keyboards) so that they sound like two different instruments.
The organist’s feet play the third part on the pedals.
Each part is strictly a single line (no chords, never more than three notes at a time) so that these works can also be played by other instruments (e.g. two violins and cello with harpsichord).
Bach also wrote sonatas for one melodic instrument and harpsichord.
These pieces are really trio sonatas, although he does not call them trio sonatas.
The melodic instrument (normally violin or flute) plays the top part, the harpsichordist plays the second part with his right hand, and the third part is the lowest part of his left hand notes.
Some other composers who wrote trio sonatas are Tomaso Albinoni,  Henry Purcell, Dieterich Buxtehude, George Frideric Handel,  Georg Philipp Telemann,  Johann Pachelbel and Antonio Vivaldi.
Groves Dictionary of Music & Musicians, ed.
Stanley Sadie; London 1980, ISBN 1-56159-174-2
The Cretaceous–Tertiary extinction event, now called the Cretaceous–Palaeogene extinction event, was about 65.5 million years ago.
It may be called the K/T extinction event or K/Pg event for short.
This is the famous event which killed most of the dinosaurs at the end of the Cretaceous period.
It was a large-scale mass extinction of  animal and plant species.
The event marks the end of the Mesozoic era and the beginning of the Cainozoic era.
Dinosaur fossils are only found below the K/T boundary.
This shows they became extinct before, or during the event.
Mosasaurs, plesiosaurs, pterosaurs and many species of plants and invertebrates also became extinct.
Mammalian and bird groups got through the event with some extinctions.
Those that survived became widespread and varied during their later evolutionary radiation.