the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
The national capital Bangkok (pop.
5,678,003: May 2006) and the special governed city Pattaya (Population 96,859: May 2006) are outside of these divisions.
Nakhon (City)
Chiang Mai, Chiang Mai - Population : 149,261
Chiang Rai, Chiang Rai - Population : 69,261
Hat Yai, Songkhla  - Population : 156,414
Khon Kaen, Khon Kaen - Population : 120,857
Lampang, Lampang - Population : 60,591
Nakhon Pathom, Nakhon Pathom - Population : 84,565
Nakhon Ratchasima, Nakhon Ratchasima - Population : 147,879 (As of April 2007)
Nakhon Sawan, Nakhon Sawan - Population : 93,333
Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya - Population : 55,025
Nakhon Si Thammarat, Nakhon Si Thammarat -  : 105,804
Nonthaburi, Nonthaburi - Pop : 266,930
Pak Kret, Nonthaburi - Population : 166,522
Phitsanulok, Phitsanulok - Population : 79,844
Phuket, Phuket - Population : 74,361
Rayong, Rayong - Population : 55,170
Samut Prakan, Samut Prakan - Population : 56,872
Samut Sakhon, Samut Sakhon - Population : 56,692
Songkhla, Songkhla - Population : 75,408
Surat Thani, Surat Thani - Pop : 125,943 (last upgraded May 4, 2007)
Trang, Trang - Population : 59,846
Ubon Ratchathani, Ubon Ratchathani - Population : 86,612
Udon Thani, Udon Thani - Population : 143,304
Yala, Yala - Population : 64,898
Mueang (Town)
Tambon (Township)
Sidcup is a suburban town in Greater London, and is in the London Borough of Bexley.
It is  southeast of Charing Cross.
Associated notable people
Quentin Blake - Illustrator/Artist.
Born in Sidcup.
John Paul Jones, the bass guitarist of Led Zeppelin, was born in Sidcup.
Quentin Saxby Blake CBE (born 16 December 1932) is a British author and illustrator of children's books.
He is most known for his drawings in books written by Roald Dahl.
Blake went to Chislehurst and Sidcup Grammar School.
His first published drawing was for Punch magazine, at the age of 16.
He studied English Literature at Downing College, Cambridge (1953-6) and later studied at the Chelsea School of Art.
He trained as a teacher at the Institute of Education before working at the Royal College of Art.
Blake gained a reputation as an illustrator of over 300 children's books.
His work in Roald Dahl's books made him internationally famous.
As well as his work with Dahl, Blake has also written several books of his own.
In 1974 Blake and Russell Hoban were awarded the Whitbread Award for Children's Book for How Tom Beat Captain Najork & His Hired Sportsmen.
He was appointed an OBE in 1988, and then an CBE in 2005, for services to Children's Literature.
Since 1989, he has been Visiting professor at the Royal College of Art.
In 1999 he was made the first Children's Laureate in the UK.
In 2002 he was awarded the Hans Christian Andersen Medal for his contributions to children's book illustration.
He was awarded an honorary degree by the University of Cambridge in 2005.
Bibliography (partial)
Patrick, 1968, Jonathan Cape
Jack and Nancy, 1969, Jonathan Cape
Angelo, 1970, Jonathan Cape
Snuff, 1973, Jonathan Cape
Lester at the Seaside, 1975, Collins
Lester and the Unusual Pet, 1975, Collins
The Adventures of Lester, 1977, BBC
Mister Magnolia, 1980, Jonathan Cape
Quentin Blake's Nursery Rhyme Book, 1983, Jonathan Cape
The Story of the Dancing Frog, 1984, Jonathan Cape
Mrs Armitage On Wheels, 1987, Jonathan Cape
Quentin Blake's ABC, 1989, Jonathan Cape
All Join In, 1990, Jonathan Cape
Cockatoos, 1992, Jonathan Cape
Simpkin, 1993, Jonathan Cape
The Quentin Blake Book of Nonsense Verse, 1994, Viking
Clown, 1995, Jonathan Cape
La Vie de la Page, 1995, Gallimard
Mrs Armitage and the Big Wave, 1997, Jonathan Cape
Dix Grenouilles (Ten Frogs), 1997, Gallimard
The Green Ship, 1998, Jonathan Cape
Zagazoo, 1998, Jonathan Cape
The Quentin Blake Guide to Electrical Safety, 1998, Eastern Electricity
Fantastic Daisy Artichoke, 1999, Jonathan Cape
The Laureate's Party, 2000, Random House
Un Bateau Dans le Ciel, 2000, Rue du Monde
Words and Pictures, 2000, Jonathan Cape
Tell Me a Picture, 2001, National Gallery Co Ltd
Loveykins, 2002, Jonathan Cape
Laureate's Progress, 2002, Jonathan Cape
Mrs Armitage, Queen of the Road, 2003, Jonathan Cape
A Sailing Boat In The Sky, 2003, Red Fox
Angel Pavement, 2004, Jonathan Cape
The Learning Journey (Illustrated versions, for parents, of key stages 1 and 2 of the National Curriculum for England)
Quentin Blake official site
Biography of Blake  from British Cartoon Archive, University of Kent
Interviews and articles
Interview, with The Guardian, September 28, 2007
Interview with Quentin Blake  - In free streaming video (Real), on the Northwestern University Library website
Report on community dialogue in 2007
A chassis (plural chassis) consists of a framework that supports an inanimate (non-living) object.
This is much like an animal's skeleton, for example in a car.
In a car, the term chassis means the frame (the metal "skeleton") plus the engine, transmission (gear shift), driveshaft, differential (gears which keep the back wheels moving correctly), and suspension (springs which keep the car above the ground).
A body, which is usually not necessary to keep the car together, is built on top of the chassis to complete the car.
A tank (war machine)'s chassis (hull) comprises the bottom part of the tank, which includes the tracks, power plant, driver's seat, and crew compartment.
A chassis in a television, radio, or other electronic device consists of the metal frame on which the circuit boards and other electronics are mounted.
Sometimes the chassis refers to the parts themselves.
In computers, the chassis refers to the rigid framework onto which the motherboard, memory, disk drives, and other equipment are mounted.
It also supports the shell-like case: the housing that protects all of the vital internal equipment from dust, moisture, and tampering.
The term "case modding" refers to the artistic styling of otherwise rather functional and plain computer encasings.
Main article: computer case for personal machines or rack mount for commercial grade servers.
Green Eggs and Ham is a book by Dr. Seuss.
It was first published in 1960.
Publishers Weekly says that it had sold fourth-most copies of any children's book ever as of 2001.
In this story, Sam-I-Am pesters Guy-Am-I to eat green eggs and ham.
However, Guy refuses, insisting that he does not like them until the end.
Green Eggs and Ham is one of Seuss's "Beginner Books", written using very simple words for beginning readers.
There are only fifty different words, of which 49 have only one syllable.
The one exception is "anywhere".
The fifty words used are: a, am, and, anywhere, are, be, boat, box, car, could, dark, do, eat, eggs, fox, goat, good, green, ham, here, house, I, if, in, let, like, may, me, mouse, not, on, or, rain, Sam, say, see, so, thank, that, the, them, there, they, train, tree, try, will, with, would, you.
45 of the 50 words (all words except box, car, Sam, train and try) are Germanic.
Seussville: various Green Eggs and Ham items
Books by Dr. Seuss
English-language picture books
Super Castlevania IV, known in Japan as  is an adventure platforming video game made by Konami for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System.
It appeared on the Wii's Virtual Console too.
It's a retelling of Castlevania, and the main character is Simon Belmont.
Castlevania: Portrait of Ruin, known in Japan as , is an Action RPG video game made by Konami for the Nintendo DS handheld video game console.
It's the second game release for the system, and has a sequel that's going to be released called Castlevania: Order of Ecclesia.
Portrait of Ruin is a sidescrolling action game that has gameplay from platform games and role-playing games like jumping to reach higher areas and leveling up.
Portrait of Ruin
Claude Lévi-Strauss (; 28 November 1908 – 30 October 2009) was a French anthropologist.
He was born to French Jewish parents in Brussels.
He grew up in Paris.
He came up with structural anthropology, which is the idea that people think about the world in terms of opposites—such as high and low, inside and outside, life and death—and that every culture can be understood in terms of these opposites. "
From the very start," he wrote, "the process of visual perception makes use of binary oppositions." [
Structuralism and Ecology, 1972]
Important works
Les Structures élémentaires de la parenté (1949, The Elementary Structures of Kinship, ed. *
Rodney Needham, trans.
J. H. Bell, J. R. von Sturmer, and Rodney Needham, 1969)
Race et histoire (1952, UNESCO; Extract from "Race and History" – in English; see also The Race Question, UNESCO, 1950)
Tristes tropiques (1955, trans.
John Weightman and Doreen Weightman, 1973) – also translated as A World on the Wane
Anthropologie structurale (1958, Structural Anthropology, trans.
Claire Jacobson and Brooke Grundfest Schoepf, 1963)
Le Totemisme aujourdhui (1962, Totemism, trans.
Rodney Needham, 1963)
La Pensée sauvage (1962, The Savage Mind, 1966)
Mythologiques I-IV (trans.
John Weightman and Doreen Weightman
Le Cru et le cuit (1964, The Raw and the Cooked, 1969)
Du miel aux cendres (1966, From Honey to Ashes, 1973)
L'Origine des manières de table, 1968, The Origin of Table Manners, 1978
L'Homme nu (1971, The Naked Man, 1981)
Anthropologie structurale deux (1973, Structural Anthropology, Vol.
II, trans.
M. Layton, 1976)
La Voie des masques (1972, The Way of the Masks, trans.
Sylvia Modelski, 1982)
Paroles donnés (1984, Anthropology and Myth: Lectures, 1951–1982, trans.
Roy Willis, 1987)
Le Regard éloigne (1983, The View from Afar, trans.
Joachim Neugroschel and Phoebe Hoss, 1985)
La Potière jalouse (1985, The Jealous Potter, trans.
Bénédicte Chorier, 1988)
Histoire de lynx (1991)
Regarder, écouter, lire (1993, Look, Listen, Read trans.
Brian Singer, 1997)
Various excerpts from Structural Anthropology at marxists.org
Extract from "Race and History" (1952 – see also The Race Question, 1950, UNESCO)
List of works by Claude Lévi-Strauss
Lecture: The Birth of Historical Societies (Hitchcock Lectures), October 3 and 4, 1984, UC Berkeley (online audio file)
Strauss.html Overview, in The Johns Hopkins Guide to Literary Theory (subscriber access only)
Claude Lévi Strauss' profile on the Académie française site
Linguistic and Commodity Exchanges   Examines the structural differences between barter and monetary commodity exchanges and oral and written linguistic exchanges.
Excerpts from La Pensee Sauvage
Documentaire 52': About "Tristes Tropiques"  1991 – Film Super 16
Jewish centenarians
Castlevania: Aria of Sorrow, known in Japan as  is an action-adventure video game made by Konami for the Game Boy Advance handheld game console.
It is part of the Castlevania series, and the third Castlevania game on the Game Boy Advance.
It stars a young man named Soma Cruz who is sent to Dracula's castle along with other people.
It has a sequel called Castlevania: Dawn of Sorrow for the Nintendo DS.
Aria of Sorrow
Castlevania III: Dracula's Curse, known in Japan as , is an action platforming video game made by Konami for the Nintendo Entertainment System game console.
It's the third game released in the Castlevania series, and stars Trevor Blemont, Simon Belmont's ancestor.
It takes place 215 years before Castlevania I and II.
North Tyrol, or North Tirol (German and Austro-Bavarian: Nordtirol) is the main part of the Austrian state of Tyrol, located in the western part of the country.
The other part of the state is East Tyrol, which also belongs to Austria, but does not share a border with North Tyrol.
Besides those two regions, the historical region of Tyrol also included the areas today known as Bolzano-Bozen and Trento for many centuries.
They were annexed by Italy after World War I which made North Tyrol and East Tyrol effectively cut off from each other.
North Tyrol borders Salzburg in the east, the German state of Bavaria in the north, Vorarlberg in the west, the Swiss canton of Graubünden in the southwest and Bolzano-Bozen in the south.
Its capital is Innsbruck.
Trauma Center: New Blood, known in Japan as  is a medical simulation video game made by Atlus for the Wii game console.
It's the third game in the Trauma Center series, and stars different characters than in Trauma Center: Under the Knife and Trauma Center: Under the Knife 2.
Trauma Center: Second Opinion, known in Japan as , is a medical simulation video game made by Atlus for the Wii game console.
It's the second game in the Trauma Center series, and a remake of Trauma Center: Under the Knife for the Nintendo DS.
It adds a new way to control the medical tools and adds a new story to go with the old one.
Another Wii title was released called Trauma Center: New Blood, and there was a sequel on the DS called Trauma Center: Under the Knife 2.
It was a Wii launch game in North America and Japan.
de:Trauma Center#Trauma Center: Second Opinion
en:Trauma Center: Under the Knife#Trauma Center: Second Opinion
Trauma Center: Under the Knife 2, known in Japan as  is a surgical simulation video game.
It was made by Atlus for the Nintendo DS game console.
It's the fourth game in the Trauma Center series, and a direct sequel to Trauma Center: Under the Knife also for the DS.
It stars Derek Stiles and Angie Thompson and their work saving patients and fighting the GUILT virus.
Anderson, Richard - Former president of Caduceus who died due to GUILT.
Chase, Tyler - Surgeon.
A friend of Derek during medical school.
Hoffman, Robert - President of Caduceus USA.
Kasal, Cybil - Head over anasthetics.
Kasal, Sidney - Cybil's husband.
Niguel, Victor - Serum designer.
Occasionally assists Derek.
Ross, Heather - Novice nurse at Caduceus.
Tulba, Adel - Surgeon.
joins caduceus from Derek's recommendation seat, but later leaves.
Thompson, Angie - Nurse.
Normally assists Derek during operations.
Adam - Former leader of Delphi who was killed during a police raid.
Cuocco - A member of Delphi.
Milligan, Lucius
von Raitinau, Henrietch - Leader of Delphi and a direct descendant of Adam.
Weaver, Nozomi - A former member of Delphi who later betrays them.
Zum Whol - A member of Delphi who evaded capture for a significant amount of time.
Under the Knife 2
de:Trauma Center#Trauma Center: Under the Knife 2
Castlevania II: Simon's Quest, known in Japan as , is an action-adventure video game made by Konami for the Nintendo Entertainment System game console.
It's a part of the Castlevania series and a sequel to the NES' Castlevania.
Simon's Quest
Castlevania, known in Japan as , is an action platforming video game made by Konami for the Nintendo Entertainment System.
It's the first game in the Castlevania series.
It stars Simon Belmont, a vampire hunter, who has to battle against Dracula and his minions.
It's had many sequels and is still a popular series.
The genus Vampyrum contains only one species, the Spectral bat (V. spectrum).
Some alternate names for this species are 'Linnaeus's False vampire bat' and the 'Spectral Vampire bat'.
Confusingly, they are not related to the Old World family of large carnivorous bats to be found in the Megadermatidae that are also called false vampires.
The animals occur in South America, and Trinidad and Tobago.
This species is the largest bat (Chiroptera) in the New World.
Its wingspan is about 80 cm (almost 3 feet).
Body length and weight are 125-35 mm and 145-190 grams respectively.
Some animals reach wingspans of over a metre.
The fur on the upper parts of the bat is normally brown or rust-orange and quite short.
The ears are very long and rounded.
The muzzle is long and narrow, and the teeth are strong.
The Noseleaf is shaped as in the photograph.
The bats are very good at hunting at night.
They are predators.
Their prey includes many vertebrates, such as amphibians, reptiles, small birds and mammals- they even hunt other bat species.
Insects are also included, especially large crickets, cicadas etc.
Surprisingly, a small amount of fruit is also eaten.
It will often pounce from a position on an above branch onto its prey or fly like some owls by patrolling back and forth along forest edges, suddenly dropping on something in the grass.
One young or pup is produced each year, and the mother is very attentive and gentle with her offspring.
The male is always in attendance too and will frequently sleep with both mother and young completely wrapped in his wings.
is an action-adventure video game made by Konami for the Nintendo DS handheld game console.
It's the sequel to Castlevania: Aria of Sorrow for the Game Boy Advance and stars Soma Cruz.
It is very popular, and is one of the best DS games.
Dawn of Sorrow
Emmanuelle is the lead character in a series of French softcore based on a character created by Emmanuelle Arsan in the novel Emmanuelle (1959).
Starting in the 1970s, many very successful movies were made from the book (and its sequels).
<div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3">
Emmanuelle (1974)
Emmanuelle 2 (1975)
Goodbye Emmanuelle  (1977)
Emmanuelle 4 (1984)
Emmanuelle 5 (1986)
Emmanuelle 6 (1988)
Emmanuelle 7 (1992)
Emmanuelle's Secret (1992)
Emmanuelle's Revenge (1992)
Emmanuelle's Perfume (1992)
Emmanuelle's Magic (1992)
Emmanuelle's Love (1993)
Emmanuelle in Venice (1993)
Emmanuelle Forever (1993)
Emmanuelle: First Contact (1994)
Emmanuelle 2: A World of Desire (1994)
Emmanuelle 3: A Lesson in Love (1994)
Emmanuelle 4: Concealed Fantasy (1994)
Emmanuelle 5: A Time to Dream (1994)
Emmanuelle 6: One Final Fling (1994)
Emmanuelle 7: The Meaning of Love (1994)
Emmanuelle 2000: Being Emmanuelle (2000)
Emmanuelle 2000: Emmanuelle and the Art of Love (2000)
Emmanuelle 2000: Emmanuelle in Paradise (2000)
Emmanuelle 2000: Jewel of Emmanuelle (2000)
Emmanuelle 2000: Intimate Encounters (2000)
Emmanuelle 2000: Emmanuelle's Sensual Pleasure (2000)
The Joys of Emmanuelle, Parts 1-3 (2001)
Emmanuelle 2000 (2001)
Emmanuelle in Rio (2003)
Emmanuelle Private Collection: Emmanuelle vs. Dracula (2004)
Emmanuelle Private Collection: Sex Talk (2004)Emmanuelle Private Collection: The Sex Lives Of Ghosts (2004)
Emmanuelle Private Collection: Sexual Spells (2004)Emmanuelle Private Collection: The Art Of Ecstasy (2006)
Emmanuelle Private Collection: Jesse's Secrets Desires (2006)Emmanuelle Tango (2006)
The watershed moment in film that was ... Emmanuelle (by Alex Cox, The Guardian'', Friday December 15, 2000)
Elizabeth Gladys Millvina Dean (February 2, 1912 – May 31, 2009) was, at age 97, the last living survivor of the sinking of the RMS Titanic that occurred on April 15, 1912.
She was the youngest person to be on the ship, and did not remember anything about the sinking.
She was two months old when she went on the Titanic with her mother, father, and brother.
When the Titanic hit an iceberg, her father felt it and told his wife to get her children dressed and go to the deck, or front, of the ship.
Dean, her mother, and her brother all got into a lifeboat and got away from the sinking Titanic.
Her father did not survive.
Dean started to take part in Titanic-related activities when she was in her seventies, and did not like it when forms of entertainment use the Titanic.
The only Titanic movie she watched was A Night to Remember, and she hated it as it was too painful for her to watch.
She became the last living Titanic survivor when Barbara West died on 16 October 2007.
West, unlike Dean, did not want any publicity from the Titanic.
Millvina Dean Criticizes the BBC
Titanic Survivor gets Mayoral Tribute
Barbara Dainton, 96, Among Last From Titanic, Is Dead
People from Devon
RMS Titanic survivors
Castlevania: Symphony of the Night, known in Japan as , is a 2D action-adventure video game made by Konami for the PlayStation and Sega Saturn game consoles.
It's a direct sequel to Akumajō Dracula X Chi no Rondo.
It also appeared on the Xbox 360's Xbox Live Arcade and on PlayStation 3's PSN, and on the PlayStation Portable game Castlevania: The Dracula X Chronicles.
is a rhythm video game made by iNiS and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo DS handheld game console.
Ouendan is about a cheer squad who help people in trouble by cheering them on.
It had an Americanized sequel called Elite Beat Agents that has music from the United States and Europe, and had a direct sequel called Moero!
Nekketsu Rhythm Damashii Osu!
Ouendan 2.
Asian Kung-Fu Generation –  (by Kyōya Asada)
Morning Musume –  (by Kaoru Kubota, Fumio Kobayashi, Yūko Yajima, Mari Nabatame, and Akina Okabayashi)
Ulfuls –  (by Hiroaki Takeuchi)
175R –  (edit of the original version)
The Blue Hearts –  (by Daisaku Shimada of Bevenuts)
nobodyknows+ –  (by Bugashman, Cantaman, Moss, Mouse-P, and Sausen)
B'z –  (by Tetsushi Kimura)
Tomoyasu Hotei –  (by Hiroaki Takeuchi)
Road of Major –  (by NoB)
Linda Yamamoto –  (by Kaoru Kubota)
Kishidan – "One Night Carnival" (by Kei Imai of South 2 Camp)
Hitomi Yaida – "Over The Distance" (by Ayako Kawajima)
The Yellow Monkey –  (by Mitsuru Yanagisako)
Orange Range –  (by Bugashman, Cantaman, Moss, Mouse-P, Sausen, mimi, and Akasanajar)
L'Arc-en-Ciel – "Ready Steady Go" (by Tetsushi Kimura)
Elite Beat Agents is a music video game made by iNiS and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo DS handheld game console.
It's the spiritual sequel to Osu!
Ouendan.
The gameplay has the player tap and drag on spots on the touch screen in beat to the rhythm of the music to score points.
It was released under the Touch!
Generations label in North America.
In South Korea, it's called Dowajweo!
Rhythm Hero (; Help!
Rhythm Hero).
Songs in the main story
Steriogram - "Walkie Talkie Man" (by Jason Paige) "Trio of Mayhem!
Love and Boyfriends!!"
Sum 41 - "Makes No Difference" (by Vinn Lombardo) "Red Carpet Premiere!
Smash Hit or Box Office Crash!!"
Avril Lavigne - "Sk8er Boi" (by Angela Michael) "Hey, Taxi!
To the Hospital, and Hurry!!"
Freddie Mercury/Queen - "I Was Born to Love You" (by Paul Vician) "Art and Beauty!
Love and Happiness!?"
Stray Cats - "Rock This Town" (by Mark Latham) "Magic Meets Madness!
The Show Must Go On!"
Deep Purple - "Highway Star" (by Kaleb James) "A Pug's Life!
400 Miles from Home!!"
Village People - "Y.M.C.A." (by TC Moses) "Ahoy, Mates!
Sunken Delights and Adventure!!"
Earth, Wind and Fire - "September" (by TC Moses) "Cry Wolf!
Meteorology and Parenting!!"
Jamiroquai - "Canned Heat" (by Jason Paige) "Family Honor!
Introducing the Secret-Weapon Ninja!!"
Madonna - "Material Girl" (by Melissa Garber) "Survive!
Celebrity Lives and Desert Isles!!"
Ashlee Simpson - "La La" (by Laura Jane) "NURSE!!
Gold Medal Hero or Zero!!"
Chicago - "You're the Inspiration" (by Julian Miranda) "A Christmas Gift"
David Bowie - "Let's Dance" (by Delaney Wolff) "Rags to Riches!
Go East Wildcatter!"
Good Charlotte - "The Anthem" (by Kevin Ridel) "Batter Up!
Home Run Hero Makes a Comeback!!"
Hoobastank - "Without a Fight" (by Kevin Ridel) "No More Music!?
The Last Hope!!" (
part 1)
The Rolling Stones - "Jumpin' Jack Flash" (by Billy Fogarty) "No More Music!?
part 2)
Bonus songs
Cher - "Believe" (by Lynn Rose) "Aspire!
Dancing to the Limelight!!"
Jackson Five - "ABC" (by TC Moses and Brittany Kertesz) "Here, Kitty, Kitty!
Baby Hijinks!!"
Destiny's Child - "Survivor" (by April Harmony) "The Last Laugh!
Just a Peanut Matter!!"
It's the third game in its series, after Osu!
Ouendan and Elite Beat Agents, both for the DS.
♪ - denotes that the track is performed by the original artist.
Sukima Switch -
Kaela Kimura -
FLOW -
Ken Hirai - "Pop Star"
Hitomi Yaida - "Go my way"
The Checkers -
Going Under Ground - "VISTA" ♪
Home Made Kazoku -
mihimaru GT -
Tomoyasu Hotei -
SMAP -
Ai - "Believe"
Kishidan -
Porno Graffitti -
Hyde - "Countdown"
Sambomaster -
Orange Range - "Monkey Magic" [Bonus]
Nana starring Mika Nakashima - "Glamorous Sky" [Bonus]
ZZ -  ♪ [Bonus]
The Wars series is a series of video games made by Nintendo that has appeared on many Nintendo systems starting with the Nintendo Entertainment System.
Its first game is Famicom Wars, and it has a spin-off called Battalion Wars.
The series is often called Advance Wars, since the main games are called Advance Wars in English.
Famicom Wars 1988, Famicom Disk System
Game Boy Wars 1990 Game Boy
Game Boy Wars Turbo 1997, Game Boy
Game Boy Wars 2 1998, Game Boy Color
Super Famicom Wars 1998, Super Nintendo Entertainment System
Game Boy Wars 3 2001, Game Boy Color
Advance Wars 2001, Game Boy Advance
Advance Wars 2: Black Hole Rising 2003, Game Boy Advance
Advance Wars: Dual Strike 2005, Nintendo DS
Battalion Wars 2005, Nintendo GameCube
Battalion Wars 2 2007, Wii
Advance Wars: Days of Ruin 2008, Nintendo DS
South Ossetia and Abkhazia are territories within Georgia that declared independence from Georgia and have been acting in a de facto independent capacity since the early 1990s.
Neither state has been diplomatically recognised by any member of the United Nations.
The conflict began on August 8, 2008, after Georgia claimed South Ossetian separatists had broken a ceasefire by attacking villages, although South Ossetian officials deny that they attacked villages.
Georgia launched a military offensive to surround and capture the capital of South Ossetia, Tskhinvali.
Russian military troops entered the war at the side of South Ossetia and won the conflict.
Georgia launched the Georgia versus Russia (Hague court application, 2008)
Official information from Georgia's government  President of the Republic of Poland
State Committee of Information and Press of the Republic of South Ossetia
Map resources
Topographic maps of the region from Poyehali
BBC World News Youtube Channel
Russia Today Youtube Channel
A journey to South Ossetia 2007 documentary about life in South Ossetia
Russian convoy moving towards Tskhinvali, 06:20
Destruction in Tskhinvali, 01:36
Casualties in Tskhinvali, 05:17
Damaged hospital building in Tskhinvali, 02:17
2000s in Russia
The Horst-Wessel-Lied ("Horst Wessel Song"), also known as Die Fahne hoch ("The flag on high", from its opening line), was the anthem of the Nazi Party from 1930 to 1945.
From 1933 to 1945 it was also part of Germany's national anthem.
The lyrics of the song were composed in 1929 by Horst Wessel, a Nazi activist and local commander of the Nazi militia, the SA, in the Berlin district of Friedrichshain.
Wessel was assassinated by a Communist activist in January 1930, and the propaganda apparatus of Berlin Gauleiter Dr Joseph Goebbels made him the leading martyr of the Nazi Movement.
The song became the official Song of Consecration (Weihelied) for the Nazi Party, and was much used at party functions and sung by the SA during street parades.
When the Nazis came to power in 1933, the Horst-Wessel-Lied was recognised as a national symbol by a law issued on May 19, 1933.
Nazi Germany thus had a double anthem, consisting of the first verse of the Deutschlandlied followed by the Horst Wessel-Lied.
A regulation attached to a printed version of the Horst Wessel-Lied in 1934 required the right arm to be raised in a "Hitler salute" when the first and fourth verses were sung.
With the fall of the Nazi regime in 1945, the Horst-Wessel-Lied was banned, and both the lyrics and the tune remain illegal in Germany and Austria to this day except for educational and scholarly uses (under sections 86 and 86a of the Strafgesetzbuch).
The lyrics of the Horst-Wessel-Lied were published in the Berlin Nazi newspaper, Der Angriff, in September 1929, attributed to "Der Unbekannte SA-Mann" ("the Unknown SA-Man"), as follows:
The "Rotfront" ("Red Front") was a reference to the Rotfrontkämpferbund, a communist militia tied to the Communist Party of Germany (KPD).
It was common for Nazis' Sturmabteilung and Communists' Redfront to attack each other in violent street fights, which eventually grew into full-scale battles after 1930. "
Reaction" was a reference to the conservative parties and the liberal democratic German state of the Weimar Republic period, which made several unsuccessful attempts to ban the SA. "
Servitude" means what the Nazis saw as Germany's "servitude" to the Treaty of Versailles of 1919, which imposed huge reparations on Germany and deprived her of her colonies and territory along her eastern border.
After Wessel's death, new stanzas were composed in his honour.
These were frequently sung by the SA but did not become part of the official lyrics used on party or state occasions.
After Wessel's death, he was officially credited with having composed the melody as well as having written the lyrics for the Horst-Wessel-Lied.
Between 1930 and 1933, however, German critics disputed this claim, pointing out that the melody had a long prior history.
Such criticism became impossible after 1933.
The most likely immediate source for the melody was a song popular in the German Imperial Navy during World War I, which Wessel would no doubt have heard being sung by Navy veterans in the Berlin of the 1920s.
The song was known either by its opening line as Vorbei, vorbei, sind all die schönen Stunden, or as the Königsberg-Lied, after the German light cruiser Königsberg, which is mentioned in one version of the song's lyrics.
The opening stanza of the song is:
Another German song, Der Abenteurer (The Adventurer), begins:
In 1936 a German music critic, Alfred Weidemann, published an article in which he identified the melody of a song composed in 1865 by the Weimar composer Peter Cornelius as the "Urmelodie" (source-melody).
According to Weidemann, Cornelius described the tune as a "Viennese folk tune."
This appeared to him to be the ultimate origin of the melody of the Horst-Wessel-Lied.
The musical score is much more complex than the text of the song; given its characteristics, it could easily be sung even by people without much singing practice, and be played by amateur bands.
Often, fanfares were used to give a more military touch to the tune.
During the 1930s and '40s the Horst-Wessel-Lied was adapted for use by fascist groups in other European countries.
The anthem of the British Union of Fascists was set to the same tune, and its lyrics were to some extent modelled on the Horst-Wessel-Lied, but appealing to British nationalism rather than German nationalism.
Its opening stanza was:
Comrades, the voices of the dead battalions,
Of those who fell, that Britain might be great,
Join in our song, for they still march in spirit with us,
And urge us on, to gain the fascist state!
Between 1930 and 1933 the German Communists and Social Democrats sang various parodies of the Horst-Wessel-Lied during their street battles with the SA.
Some simply changed the political character of the song, such as:
These versions were of course banned once the Nazis came to power and the Communist and Social Democratic parties repressed.
But during the years of the Third Reich the song was parodied in various underground versions, most of them poking fun at the corruption of the Nazi elite.
One version ran:
Wilhelm Frick was the Interior Minister.
Baldur von Schirach was the Hitler Youth leader.
Heinrich Himmler was head of the SS and police.
This article is largely based on George Boderick, "The Horst-Wessel-Lied: A Reappraisal," International Folklore Review Vol.
10 (1995): 100-127, available online here
Text and melody (MID format),  song  (MP3 format)
Text of the German Criminal Code §86 and §86a (in English)
AFRIKAKORPS.Org / AANA Songs of the Desert
Identity is an word used in the social sciences to describe a person's understanding of him or herself as an individual.
King was born in Launceston, Cornwall.
His father was a draper, selling cloth and fabrics.
He joined the navy in 1770 at the age of 12.
He was made the captain's servant on the HMS Swallow.
He served in the West Indies and then fought in the American War of Independence.
He became a midshipman and later a lieutenant.
He served with Captain Arthur Phillip in HMS Ariadne.
He went to India with Phillip in 1783 in the ship HMS Europe.
Phillip was very pleased with King.
He made King a lieutenant on HMS Sirius when he took the First Fleet to Australia in 1787 to start the penal colony.
Three weeks after the First Fleet got to Sydney, Governor Phillip sent King to Norfolk Island.
His task was to set up a small penal colony that would make use of the timber and flax growing on the island.
These would be of use to the British Navy.
He arrived at the island on March 3, 1788.
There was no safe place to land on the island and this made it a difficult place to have a settlement.
King had a group of 23 people including 15 convicts.
Over the next two years they began clearing land (removing trees) to grow crops and to raise cattle and other animals.
King was made Lieutenant-Governor of Norfolk Island.
In March 1790, Phillip sent King back to England.
He was to go back and tell the British government about the problems of the new settlements in Australia.
King stayed in London for about four months.
He married Anna Josepha Coombe on March 11, 1791, and they left for Australia four days later.
After reporting to Phillip in Sydney, they were back on Norfolk Island in November, where his son Phillip Parker King was born.
Return to Norfolk Island
While he had been away, Norfolk had been governed by Lieutenant-Governor Robert Ross.
Phillip had moved Ross to the island because of his difficulties in working with him at Sydney.
When King arrived, the convicts, settlers and soldiers were very unhappy because of Ross's leadership.
King made new rules, which made things better for people who wanted to settle on the island, many of whom had been marines or convicts.
In 1794 the island was growing all of the wheat it needed, and had so many pigs it was able to send food to Sydney.
The flax on the island was too hard to turn into cloth.
Two Maoris from New Zealand were kidnapped and brought to Norfolk to teach people how to work the flax.
The two men did not know about flax, because in New Zealand it was work done by the women.
In November 1793, King left the island for ten days to take the men back home.
He did not have permission to leave and got into trouble from Lieutenant-Governor Francis Grose.
King also had problems with many of the soldiers.
They said he punished them more than the convicts.
King arrested 20 soldiers and charged them with mutiny, and sent them to Sydney.
Grose released the soldiers and told the soldiers on Norfolk that they were in charge, not King.
These orders were later changed by the Duke of Portland.
He soon became better with proper medical treatment.
He began to look for work, and Phillip wanted the government to send him back to New South Wales to be the new governor.
After many delays, he set out for Australia in a new ship partly designed by Sir Joseph Banks.
This ship turned out to be unsafe, and could not sail in rough seas.
King was forced to return to England.
After further delays, he finally sailed on the ship Speedy, and arrived in Sydney on November 26, 1799.
Hunter remained in charge until he could arrange to sail back to England in Spetember, 1800.
King as the new governor, immediately set about to try and make changes.
He wanted to control the amount of alcohol being brought to Australia by the military and sold at a profit.
For example, the two surgeons that came to Australia on the Speedy had brought 4359 gallons (19,816 litres) of alcohol to sell.
He tried to get merchants in Calcutta and the US not to send alcohol.
He started a brewery to make beer, hoping this would be less of a problem than the alcohol like rum.
King arranged for the government to bring in supplies for sale at a reasonable price, which ended the power of some of the military.
He also brought in controls over prices, wages, working hours, baking, butchers, interest rates, weights, measures and currency.
He reduced the number of convict servants that the military officers could have.
He arranged for more convicts to be put to work on farms and projects like building roads, guard houses, and granaries.
The new colony began to grow all of its own food.
King looked at ways to increase the food supply and arranged for the import of sheep and cattle to build up stocks.
King also began to employ convicts who had finished their prison sentences, called emancipists.
He started a school for female orphans, a newspaper (the Sydney Gazette), and even had people vaccinated for smallpox.
King was often in conflict with the military, the New South Wales Corps.
As soldiers, they did not like taking orders from a naval officer.
They felt that their duties were to protect New South Wales, and not to be responsible for the convicts.
They wanted the colony to be run like a prison, even though there was no other people but them to run it.
They objected to freed convicts being given any rights or land.
King's changes had also upset their money making schemes through the sale of alcohol and other goods.
King's orders were often ignored or disobeyed.
In 1801 he sent an officer, John Macarthur, back to England to be tried for refusing orders and fighting a duel with his commanding officer.
Instead of going to trial, Macarthur was able to make the British government believe that he was innocent, and all the problem were caused by King's lack of ability.
Macarthur left the army and returned to Australia in July 1805 as a hero, having been told he could have  of the best land.
King asked for leave, and was told his resignation was accepted.
King had to stay until August 1806 so that a new governor could be sent out.
His health broke down and he was not fit to sail until February 1807.
He reached England in November 1807.
King died on September 3, 1808, and was buried in London.
The First Fleet is the name given to the 11 ships that sailed from Great Britain on 13 May 1787, to start the first European colony in New South Wales.
It was the beginning of a plan to send thousands of prisoners to Australia to make convict settlements.
The fleet was led by Captain Arthur Phillip.
This journey lasted eight months, and used a route across the oceans that had only been used three times; once by Abel Tasman and twice by James Cook.
Carrying convicts
The 1700s were a period of great change in Europe, and especially in England.
There was an industrial revolution.
This was a time when many machines were being invented for use in large factories.
With machines now doing the ordinary tasks of men, people were left without jobs and wages.
This made it very difficult to survive.
Men, women and even children resorted to theft in order to live.
With the rise of machines, farmers were also forced to move to the city to look for jobs.
As a result, London had become very overcrowded, and so had the prisons.
In fact, prisons had become so overcrowded that convicts had been relegated to hulks (floating prisons).
There were 11 ships altogether.
Two navy ships, six convict transports and three store ships.
The convicts were housed below deck and often further confined behind bars.
Conditions were extremely cramped.
In many cases the prisoners were restrained in chains and were only allowed on deck for fresh air and exercise.
On deck, thick wooden walls were built to separate the convicts from the rest of the ship.
The walls had small holes in them so the guards could shoot in case of trouble.
The hatches (doors up to the deck) were kept shut with cross bars, bolts and locks.
Guards were almost always on duty at each hatch, and a guard with a gun was always on the quarter-deck (back of the ship).
People slept in hammocks and there were tables for eating and stools to sit on.
The prisoners were gathered from places throughout England - Wiltshire, Devonshire, Surry, Dorset, Gloucestershire, Somersetshire, Plymouth and London - many had already been locked up for several years in various prisons under appalling conditions and were in a poor state of health.
Many, especially those from smaller country jails were not in good health.
Captain Phillip thought that he might have to make one of the ships a hospital ship to care for the sick.
Newspapers wrote that they expected about 80% of the convicts would not survive the long journey.
Before they even left England, several of the convicts died and some of marines were so sick that they were removed from the ships.
However the number of people that died on the trip was quite small, and shows that the planning and treatment of the convicts during the journey was actually successful.
Most had put on weight and were healthier when they arrived in Australia than when they left England.
The journey
The First Fleet left Portsmouth, England on 13 May 1787.
The entire journey took 252 days (a little over 8 months).
From England, the fleet sailed to Australia making stops in Santa Cruz, Rio de Janeiro and Cape Town.
They arrived in Botany Bay in mid-January 1788.
The journey began with good weather so Captain Phillip decided to let the convicts up on deck.
However the weather would become very hot and humid as the Fleet sailed through the tropics.
Tropical rainstorms meant that the convicts could not exercise on deck during this time, as they had no change of clothes and no method of drying wet clothing.
As a result, they were kept below deck in the foul, cramped holds.
Some convicts on the Scarborough planned a mutiny but were caught, but most convicts were well behaved.
On 3 June 1787, the fleet arrived at Santa Cruz at Tenerife.
Fresh water, vegetables and meat were brought on board.
On 10 June they left to cross the Atlantic to Rio de Janeiro.
The weather was very hot and there were lots of storms.
Many people became sick and there were lots of rats, bedbugs, lice, cockroaches and fleas.
People were only allowed to drink three pints of water each day (about one and a half litres).
The fleet reached Rio de Janeiro on 5 August.
The ships were cleaned and fixed.
More water, clothing and lots of food was taken on board.
The fleet left on 4 September and reached Cape Town on 13 October.
They bought plants, seeds and animals to take to Australia.
The animals included: two bulls, seven cows, one stallion, three mares, 44 sheep, 32 pigs, four goats and poultry.
They left on 12 November.
From Cape Town it took the Fleet two months to reach Australia.
Phillip took a few ships ahead to start building at Botany Bay.
They arrived on 18 January 1788.
The other ships arrived only two days after he did.
Food and Drinks
Convicts were given two thirds of the amount normally provided for sailors.
Each week, a sailor was given:
Bread (really a hard biscuit) - 7lbs
Salt pork - 4 lbs, the salt stopped the meat from becoming rotten.
Salt beef - 7 lbs
Peas - 2 lbs
Oatmeal - 3 lbs
Butter - 6ozs
Cheese - 3/4 lb
Vinegar - 1/2 pint
Water - 3 quarts each day
As well as this food, there was sometimes rice, dried fish, and soup.
When the ships were in a harbour there was also fresh meat and vegetables.
Women and children were given a slightly different list of food.
Sick people were also given wine and spirits.
When the Fleet arrived in Sydney, Arthur Phillip worked out they only had enough food for 49 weeks.
He should have been given enough for two years.
Other drinks
The Fleet also took a number of animals, plants and seeds.
The animals included sheep, pigs, dogs, cats, goats, turkeys, geese, ducks, chickens, pigeons, horses, and cattle.
Plants and seeds included coffee, cocoa, cotton, bananas,  Oranges, lemons, tamarinds, guava, prickly pear, eugenia or pomme rose, jalap, ipecacuanha, figs, bamboo, sugar cane, esparto grass, vines, quinces, apples, pears, oranges strawberries, oaks, myrtles, rice, wheat, barley, and maize.
Some of this was brought from England, and the rest from when the Fleet stopped at Rio de Janeiro and Capetown
Arrival in Australia
The first ship, Supply, reached Botany Bay on 18 January 1788.
Aboriginal people from the Cadigal tribe saw the First Fleet ships arrive.
On 26 January the marines and convicts arrived at Sydney Cove.
1403 people left Portsmouth.
On the voyage 7 babies were born.
69 people died or left the ships.
1332 people landed in Port Jackson which is now known as Sydney.
Phillip named the settlement Sydney after Lord Sydney, the British government's Home Secretary.
The Aboriginal people from the Eora nation lived in the Sydney area.
They could not understand why the British wanted to own their land and make farms with fences.
The British did not understand the Aboriginal people's way of living and there was a lot of fighting and many people died.
Once in Australia, convicts were ordered to build the infrastructure (buildings and prisons) for the new colony.
Their punishment was work.
Convicts were expected to work everyday except Sunday from sunrise until sunset without a break.
Male prisoners were required to do very hard labour.
Female convicts often worked as household servants, cooking, cleaning and sometimes taking  care of children.
Some of the convicts had special skills and did work such as keeping records, printing, making pottery and keeping the town clocks.
Many convicts were sent to work for free settlers.
Free settlers were people who came to Australia to make a new life.
Strict rules were enforced by prison officers.
If convicts broke the rules, they could be whipped with the ‘cat-o’-nine-tails’ or kept in solitary confinement for several days, with only bread and water to eat.
There was a shortage of food during the first few years of the colony.
Crops did not grow well so people relied on supplies from Great Britain.
Eventually, food
Ships of the First Fleet
HMS Sirius - the Flagship (leader) of the fleet
HMS Supply
Lady Penrhyn
Prince Of Wales
Fishburn
Borrowdale
Arthur Phillip, the man in charge of the First Fleet
Homeopathy is an alternative medicine.
It was created in the 18th century by Samuel Hahnemann.
The theory behind homeopathy is that an ill person can be healed with very small amounts of something that produces the symptoms of the illness in a healthy person.
Scientists say that homeopathy does not work and only makes people think they feel better (this is called the placebo effect.)
Homeopaths make their medicines by taking the ingredients, adding water, and shaking the mixture.
They then take a drop of the mixture, throw out the rest, and add more water.
They do this usually 30 times but sometimes up to 200 times.
They call it potentisation.
Hahnemann said this would bring out the "spirit-like medicinal powers held within a drug".
Science can show how many atoms or molecules—tiny things that cannot be divided up any more—of the original substance are left in the homeopathic drug.
Most homeopathic drugs do not contain even a single molecule of the original substance.
Homeopaths believe that the solution carries a "memory" of the original substance.
Science says that goes against the laws of physics and chemistry.
Homeopathy became popular because it was created at a time when medicine did not work very well and could make people sick.
Back then, taking homeopathy might have kept people from getting hurt by bad doctors.
However, medicine has improved since then, and now helps a lot more than it hurts people.
Some homeopaths have told their patients not to take medicines like antibiotics and vaccines that could cure (or keep them from getting) dangerous diseases.
Some of the towns are: Fyresdal, Tokke, Vinje, Nissedal, Kviteseid, and  Seljord.
In no area, has one found more traces ( examples or  evidence ) of the  Old Norse  language and  grammar.
Shirley Temple, or Shirley Temple Black (April 23, 1928 – February 10, 2014) was an American actress, diplomat and television series hostess.
Temple has the distinction of being the first Academy Juvenile Award recipient in 1934.
Temple began her movie career at age 3 in a series of Poverty Row shorts starring very young children clad in diapers.
In 1934, she soared to superstardom in Bright Eyes.
Other movies followed that exploited her waiflike charm and abundant talent such as Curly Top, The Little Colonel, Dimples, Wee Willie Winkie, and The Little Princess.
The public adored the child Temple, but her popularity declined as she grew into a young woman.
She made several bombs in her teens, but three have become highly regarded classics: Since You Went Away, Fort Apache with Henry Fonda and John Wayne, and The Bachelor and the Bobby-Soxer with Cary Grant and Myrna Loy.
Temple married John Agar in 1945.
In 1950 she married Charles Black and retired from the movie industry at age 22.
Marriage and motherhood occupied Temple in the following years, but she returned to show biz in the late 1950s with the television series, Shirley Temple's Storybook for NBC.
The series was child/family-oriented with dramatizations of fairy tales like Beauty and the Beast, children's stories like Pippi Longstocking, and more mature fare like The House of Seven Gables and Victor Herbert's Broadway musical, Babes in Toyland.
Celebrity stars like Charlton Heston, Tor Johnson, Sterling Holloway, Elsa Lanchester, and Agnes Moorehead appeared in the series.
The series was nominated for an Emmy Award in children's programming.