the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
In the city of Santo Domingo, the river flows to the south and into the Caribbean Sea.
The Greater Santo Domingo, that includes Santo Domingo and parts of Santo Domingo Este and Santo Domingo Norte, is the most important city on the river banks.
The river divides the old city of Santo Domingo in three sections; before 2001, all three sections were part of Santo Domingo but now only the western part is part of the city.
The eastern section is the city of Santo Domingo Este and the northern section is part of Santo Domingo Norte.
Environment and usage
The River Ozama flows through a region where rainfalls are frequent and, for that reason, its water is not needed for irrigation.
There are too much solid materials in the water and it cannot be used for the houses.
Water from the Caribbean Sea gets into the river for several kilometres because the riverbed is below sea level.
There were mangroves (plants that can live in water with a hight salinity), and there are still some near La Victoria, on the banks of the river near the mouth because of the salinity of its water.
The river is not deep enough for big ships except close to the mouth.
When the country was a Spanish colony, and some years after the Independence, flat boats were used to move around the region.
Sugarcane was grown to produce sugar in lands around the River Ozama and its tributary Isabela.
The river was used to take the sugar to the port of Santo Domingo.
In the 19th and 20th centuries, sugar cane was the most important crop grown close to the River Ozama.
Cattle is also important in the region because grasses are abundant.
For the second half of the 20th century, Santo Domingo became the most important port of the country; the port was near the mouth of the River Ozama.
But now the port is used mainly for tourist ships.
The River Ozama has been used in art, mainly in poetry, as a symbol of the country.
Many poets wrote poems about the river when they were out of the country because of political reasons; they sang to the river to represent the return to their country.
José Joaquín Puello, a Dominican poet of the 19th century, wrote several poems where the name is used to represent the country; two of them are Ecos del destierro ("Distant sounds from the exile") and La vuelta al hogar ("Back to home").
Ozama
The nipple is a special structure.
Female mammals (and women) use nipples for breastfeeding.
The breast in male and female mammals is made the same way.
The production of milk for breastfeeding is controlled by hormones.
This means that men cannot use their breasts to produce milk (unless they have a problem with their hormones).
American Airlines Flight 77 was American Airlines' transcontinental flight from Washington Dulles International Airport, in Dulles, Virginia to Los Angeles International Airport in Los Angeles, California.
The flight flew every day in the morning on this route.
On September 11, 2001, the aircraft flying this route—a Boeing 757-223—was hijacked by five al-Qaeda terrorists.
The hijackers crashed the plane into the Pentagon on purpose.
The crash was part of the September 11 attacks.
The hijackers went into the cockpit and made the passengers move to the back of the plane less than 35 minutes into the flight.
Hani Hanjour, one of the hijackers who was trained as a pilot, took over the flight.
Passengers on the plane were able to make telephone calls to loved ones.
They also called people to tell them what was happening on the plane.
The hijackers did not know that passengers were doing this.
The aircraft crashed into the western side of the Pentagon at 09:37 EDT.
All 64 people on board the aircraft, including the hijackers, died.
125 people in the building died as well.
Dozens of people saw the crash.
News sources began reporting on the incident within minutes.
The impact damaged an area of the Pentagon and started a large fire.
Part of the Pentagon collapsed.
Firefighters spent days trying to stop the fire.
The damaged areas of the Pentagon were rebuilt in 2002.
The fixed areas were able to be used again starting on August 15, 2002.
The 184 victims of the attack are honored in the Pentagon Memorial next to the Pentagon.
The  park contains a bench for each of the victims.
The benches are put in order of the victim's years of birth.
These years range from 1930 (aged 71) to 1998 (aged 3).
Hijackers of American Airlines Flight 77
Nawaf al-Hazmi
Khalid al-Mihdhar
American Airlines Flight 77  Brief summary, as well as complete victim list
Sonic the Hedgehog, often times called Sonic 1, is the first video game in the Sonic the Hedgehog series.
It was made by Sonic Team and published by Sega for the Sega Mega Drive in 1991.
It has many sequels and spin-offs.
In order to steal six Chaos Emeralds, Dr. Ivo Robotnik traps the animals from South Island in robots.
The player controls Sonic, whose goal is to free the animals and retrieve the emeralds.
If the player collects them all, the game will have a good ending.
If the player does not succeed, the bad ending will show Robotnik keeping the emeralds for himself.
Tekken is the first game for the Tekken series, released on December 9, 1994 for arcades.
It was later released on the PlayStation in 1995.
Tekken had two modes, Arcade mode and VS mode.
Extra modes would be added in the next games.
Characters in Tekken
1995 video games
Tekken 2 is a fighting video game made by Namco.
It was released in arcades in 1995 and released worldwide on PlayStation in 1996.
The game contains twenty five characters.
Most from the original game return in the game, except Jack.
Returning characters
Kazuya Mishima (unlockable)
Kuma (unlockable)
Ganryu (unlockable)
Anna Williams (unlockable)
Prototype Jack (unlockable)
Lee Chaolan (unlockable)
Devil Kazuya (unlockable)
Armor King (unlockable)
Wang Jinrei (unlockable)
Kunimitsu (unlockable)
Jack-2
Baek Doo San (unlockable)
Bruce Irvin (unlockable)
Roger (unlockable)
Alex (unlockable)
Angel (unlockable)
Alicia Augello Cook (born January 25, 1981), known professionally as Alicia Keys, is an American R&B singer, songwriter and actress.
She has sold over forty-one million albums and singles worldwide as of 2007, and has won numerous awards, including fourteen Grammy Awards, eleven Billboard Music Awards, five American Music Awards, and fourteen NAACP Image Awards.
first season of the coach The Voice.
Keys was born on January 25, 1981, in Hell's Kitchen, Manhattan, New York City, New York.
Her birth name is Alicia Augello Cook.
She is the only child of Teresa Augello, a paralegal and part-time actress, and Craig Cook, a flight attendant.
Her mother is of half Italian and half English, Irish, and Scottish ancestry, and her father is of  African American ancestry.
Keys has expressed that she was comfortable with her mixed race heritage because she felt she was able to "relate to different cultures".
2001: Songs in A Minor
2003: The Diary of Alicia Keys
2007: As I Am
2009: The Element of Freedom
2012: Girl on Fire
Unplugged (2005)
Alicia Keys at Discogs
Alicia Keys at Metacritic
Zlata's Diary was a diary  by Bosnia and Herzegovina's Zlata Filipovic.
It was written between 1991/1993 about her life at the time.
It was mostly about the Bosnian war that erupted near her  in Sarajevo.
She starts the fifth grade in the beginning of 1991 and she reunites her friends and her family.
Zlata's Diary is about a girl that  lived through the Bosnian war.
She kept a diary that she called  Mimmy.
Her entries were always, "Dear Mimmy" and she'd end with, "Your Zlata".
Zlata was known as the Anne Frank of Bosnia.
The book tells you about her difficult childhood that was stolen away from her as a child.
She learned to handle deaths and tragedies throughout the young years of her life.
This book is good for children as they can understand the hardships faced by children living in countries in war.
Bosnia and Herzegovina culture
Anna Bessonova (born 29 July 1984) is a Ukrainian 2 time Olympic Bronze medalist rhythmic gymnast.
She was born in Kiev, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, the daughter of Vladimir Bessonov and Viktoria Serkyh-Bessonova.
She began training for rhythmic gymnastics at the age of three.
She has won a gold medal in the 2007 Patras Rhythmic Gymnastics World Championships.
She takes interest to modeling and may pursue a career in it.
She is coached by Irina Deriugina and Albina Deriugina at Deriugin's School of Rhythmic Gymnastics.
Gymnasts
Olympic bronze medalists
Sportspeople from Kiev
Map of counties in North Carolina
{{Infobox school
|name         = Emmanuel College: St. Paul's Campus
|motto        = Life To The Full
|established  = 1965
|type         = Secondary, Single-sex, Day school
|denomination = Roman Catholic, Marianists
|slogan       =
|streetaddress= 423 Blackshaws Road
|city         = Altona North
|state        = Victoria
|postcode     = 3025
|country      = Australia
|coordinates  =
|enrolment    = ~850 (7-12)
|num_employ   = ~80
|revenue      =
|products     =
|colours      = Red, White & Sky Blue
|homepage     = www.ec.melb.catholic.edu.au
The Emmanuel College: St. Paul's Campus (formerly St. Paul's College) is a Roman Catholic, secondary day school for boys.
It is in Altona North, a south-western suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
It a branch of one of Emmanuel College's education facilities.
St. Paul's Campus started as 'St. Paul's College' in 1965, under the guidance of the American Order of the Society of Marianists.
The order had been asked to start this Catholic Secondary Boys' College by the then Archbishop of Melbourne, Dr. Daniel Mannix.
The college's colours were then Red, White and Blue  and its motto was Ecce Mater Tua (Latin:"Behold Thy Mother").
In the early 1960s, the local parish priests purchased a large, eight hectare, undeveloped block in Altona North.
Through the work of the parents of the school's first students, the austere block was transformed into an attractive property.
The College's primary edifice, the three-storey building called the "Jubilee Building", was completed in 1969.
Following to be completed were:
The Chaminade Library in 1971.
The generous Art/Craft/Science Lab and the senior classrooms known as the "Winters Building" in 1979.
The administrative complex and gymnasium in 1982.
The Jubilee Building was extensively renovated in 1998.
In 2004, with the assistance of a Commonwealth Government grant, work commenced on enlarging the library complex and the building of two new computer labs.
These developments were completed in 2005 and the College has not undergone any significant renovations since.
Change to Emmanuel College
In 2006, the plans for Emmanuel College and the future of the school initiated.
2008 saw the full change from 'St. Paul's College' to 'Emmanuel College' with the acquisition of a second co-educational campus.
The school eventually incorporated a new emblem and changed its motto to Life To The Full, which comes from the Gospel according to John: "I have come that they may have life and have it to the full"'' (John 10:10).
Head Master and Current Staff
Since 1997, the principal has been Mr. Christopher Stock (BSc DipEd MEd B.Theol) at the St. Paul's Campus.
In 2008 when the change to Emmanuel College was complete, he became the principal of Emmanuel College, and thus being the principal of two schools; the St. Paul's Campus and the Notre Dame Campus.
House/Homeroom System
McCoy (Navy)
Cassidy (Red)
McCluskey (Gold)
Winters (Green)
Chaminade (Sky Blue)
These houses are named after the Marianists who first served at the school.
Each house has 10 homerooms, each with about 25 students ranged from years 7-12 per homeroom.
Victorian Certificate of Education (VCE)
Notable students
Daniel Giansiracusa (AFL player)
Rohan Smith (Former AFL player)
Gary Blackwood (Member of the Legislative Assembly, Victoria, Member for Narracan)
Jesse Venables (2007 BBJ National 93 kg Gold Medalist (Melbourne.
Australia))
Jason Duff (Hockey player)
Auskar Surbakti (Journalist for SBS; CNN correspondent)
Bill Baarini (Former Mayor of Hobsons Bay)
Michael Martyn (Former AFL player)
Angelo Capuano (Law academic and Scholar to Oxford University)
Steven Iosofidis (Soccer player, currently playing for Altona East)
Trent Mckenzie (Recruited for Gold Coast AFL team)
James Podsiadly (AFL player)
James Cini (Chemical Engineer)
Emmanuel College Website
Schools in Australia
1960s establishments in Australia
Basra (البصرة; Al Baṣrah) is the third largest city of Iraq with a population of about 2,600,000 (2003).
It is  the country's main port.
Baṣra played an important role in early Islamic history, and it was the first city built in Islam 14 A.H (after Hijra)
The city lies at the Shatt al-Arab waterway near the Persian Gulf,  from the Persian Gulf and  from Baghdad, Iraq's capital and largest city.
Hawting, Gerald R. The First Dynasty of Islam.
2nd ed, 2000
Vincent, Stephen.
Into The Red Zone:  A Journey Into the Soul of Iraq. .
2003 Basra map (NIMA)
Boomtown Basra
Muhammad and the Spread of Islam by Sanderson Beck
Theological Themes
The Qadariyya, Mu'tazila, and Shi'a
The Textual History of the Qur'an, Arthur Jeffery, 1946
Codex of Abu Musa al-Ashari, Arthur Jeffery, 1936
Establishments in Iraq
636 establishments
Hijra, as an Arabic word meaning migration (also romanised as hijrah, hejira and hegira) (cf.
Hebrew הגירה hagirah for emigration) could mean:
The Hijra (Islam) (هجرة) is the emigration of Muhammad and his followers to the city of Medina in 622, marking the first year of the Islamic calendar, 1 AH (anno higirae).
Migration to Abyssinia, in 615 CE a number of Sahaba migrated to Ethiopia
Meccan boycott of Hashemites and Muhammad, the second migration due to the boycott in 617–619
Migration to Medina, the third and final emigration of Muhammad and his followers to the city of Medina in 622
Hijri year, marks the start of the Hijri year of the Islamic calendar
Hijra (South Asia), a "third gender" in Bangladesh, Republic of India and Pakistan
Hejira (album), a 1976 album by Joni Mitchell
"Hejira" (song), the fifth track on the album
Hegira (novel), a 1979 science fiction novel by Greg Bear
The migration of humanity to the stars in Dan Simmons' Hyperion Cantos books
Hegira (Battletech), a term in the BattleTech universe
Hiigara, the homeworld of the Kushan, who were forced into exile after losing a war with the Taaidan.
The plot of the computer game Homeworld details the return of the Kushan exiles to Hiigara.
The name means "our home" in ancient Kushan language.
Hijra (هِجْرَة), or withdrawal, is the word that is used for the movement of Muhammad and most of his followers from Mecca to Medina in 622.
The Hijra was also the beginning of the Islamic calendar).
Alternate spellings of this Arabic word in the Latin alphabet are Hijrah, or Hegira in Latin.
Chronology of the Hijra
Day 1: Thursday 26 Safar AH 1, 9 September 622
Left home in Mecca.
Stayed three days in the Cave of Thawr near Mecca.
Day 5: Monday 1 Rabi' I AH 1, 13 September 622
Left the environs of Mecca.
Traveled to the region of Yathrib.
Day 12: Monday 8 Rabi' I AH 1, 20 September 622
Arrived at Quba' near Medina.
Day 16: Friday 12 Rabi' I AH 1, 24 September 622
First visit to Medina for Friday prayers.
Day 26: Monday 22 Rabi' I AH 1, 4 October 622
Moved from Quba' to Medina.
The Muslim dates are in the Islamic calendar extended back in time.
The Western dates are in the Julian calendar.
The Hijra is celebrated annually on 8 Rabi' I, about 66 days after 1 Muharram, the first day of the Muslim year.
Many writers confuse the first day of the year of the Hijra with the Hijra itself, erroneously stating that the Hijra occurred on 1 Muharram AH 1 or 16 July 622.
F. A. Shamsi, "The Date of Hijrah", Islamic Studies 23 (1984): 189-224, 289-323.
IslamiCity.com article on the Hijrah
Articles, audios on the Hijrah
July 16 — Year one of the Islamic calendar begins.
September – Hijra (Islam) (Mohammad leave Mecca and go to Medina.)
Xuanzang is fully ordained as a monk at the age of 20.
The first Chinese Encyclopedia, Yiwen Leiju, is completed.
Xue Yuanchao
Prince Shotoku, Japanese prince, one of the first in that country to support Buddhism
Andronicus, Coptic Orthodox Patriarch of Alexandria
Li Zitong
Lin Shihong
Liu Wuzhou
The Nanny was an American sitcom starring Fran Drescher.
It first showed in 1993 and ended in 1999.
Lauren Lane
Benjamin Salisbury
Fran Fine
Maxwell Sheffield
C. C. Babcock
Maggie Sheffield
Brighton Sheffield
Grace Sheffield
Sylvia Fine
Yetta Rosenberg
Val Toriello
Fran Fine is a bridal consultant at Danny's Parisian Brides for Less.
Thinking her boyfriend of three years will propose at any minute, she stays with him.
But in the series premier, he dumps her for Heather Biblow.
He fires her so Heather Biblow can take her job.
Fran is forced to take a job as a door-to-door cosmetics saleswoman for Shades of the Orient cosmetics.
When she knocks on the door of the Sheffield residence, the man at the door, who turns out to be the butler, mistakes her for an applicant for the nanny position.
After meeting the man of the house, Maxwell Sheffield, he is none to thrilled with her unorthodox manners and lack of experience.
Out of desperation, he takes her on as nanny on a trial basis.
The girls, Maggie, the oldest, and Gracie the youngest quickly warm up to her, but not Maxwell's son, the middle boy Brighton.
He was the hardest to win over, and eventually she becomes an integral part of the Sheffield home, and she becomes best friends with the butler Niles.
The series showed many hints of the growing attraction between Miss Fine and Mr Sheffield, even so far as Mr Sheffield saying he loved her....then taking it back.
Eventually they do get married after a lot of ups and downs.
Near the end of the series, Fran gives birth to twins, a boy and a girl.
The Sheffields (Maxwell, Fran, Grace, Jonah, Eve) move to California.
Maggie and Brighton take a trip to Europe.
The last scene of the show is of Fran finding her Shades of the Orient case from the series premiere, looking at the case and the house with loving memories and walking out the door for the last time.
The show performed poorly in its first year.
When it was almost canceled, Sagansky stepped in.
According to Jacobson: "At all those affiliate meetings, he used to say, 'Stick by The Nanny!'
He knew it was something special."
The sitcom was the first new show delivered to CBS for the 1993 season.
It was the highest-tested pilot at the network in years.
The series was also very successful internationally.
In Australia, it was one of the highest-rated programs during the mid-to-late 1990s.
This is a list of the episodes of the CBS television sitcom The Nanny.
There are 146 episodes in this series.
Season One (1993-1994)
Season Two (1994-1995)
Season Three (1995-1996)
Season Four (1996-1997)
Season Five (1997-1998)
Season Six (1998-1999)
Reunion Special: 2004
The Nanny Reunion: A Nosh to Remember
it:La tata#Episodi
Wake County is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina.
As of 2007, 823,345 people lived there.
Wake County has more people than any other county in North Carolina except Mecklenburg County.
The county seat is Raleigh, which is also the state capital.
Wake County is the 9th fastest growing county in the United States.
Cary
Fuquay-Varina
Knightdale
Morrisville
Rolesville
Connected Counties
Granville County, North Carolina - north
Franklin County, North Carolina - northeast
Nash County, North Carolina - east
Johnston County, North Carolina - southeast
Harnett County, North Carolina - southwest
Chatham County, North Carolina - west
Durham County, North Carolina - northwest
Wake County has seven colleges and universities.
They are: Meredith College, North Carolina State University, Peace College, Saint Augustine's College, Shaw University, Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary and Wake Technical Community College.
Public and Private Schools
The Wake County Public School System runs the public schools in Wake County.
The school system has over 134,000 students.
There are 20 high schools, 30 middle schools, 93 elementary schools and 8 specialized schools.
There are also nine charter schools and 31 private schools in the county.
Raleigh-Durham International Airport is in Wake County.
Interstate 40 is a major interstate and part of it goes through the county.
Several local bus services have routes throughout Wake County.
Wake County also has two Amtrak stations, one in Raleigh and one in Cary.
State parks
Wake County has three state parks: Falls Lake State Recreation Area, William B. Umstead State Park, and the Jordan Lake State Recreation Area.
Falls Lake Park is in northern Wake County and contains the 12,000 acre Falls Lake and 26,000 acres of woods.
Umstead Park is between Raleigh and Cary.
It has 5,579 acres of woods.
Part of Jordan Lake Park, is in Wake County near Apex, and it has the 13,940 acre Jordan Lake and 46,768 acres of woods.
This park has bald eagles.
County parks and recreation centers
There are 152 city parks, public swimming pools and public tennis courts in Wake County.
There are 53 community centers.
Fifteen miles of the American Tobacco Trail is in the county.
People can use the trail to walk, jog, and ride bikes or horses.
Wake County has three main hospitals, Rex Hospital, WakeMed, and Duke Raleigh Hospital.
WakeMed also has many smaller hospitals throughout the county
1771 establishments
1770s establishments in North Carolina
Alison Moyet (born Genevieve Alison Jane Moyet on 18 June 1961), is an English pop singer-songwriter noted for her bluesy voice  .
Alison Moyet was born in Billericay, Essex, England.
Her father was French; her mother was English.
She grew up in Basildon, where she attended school.
She left school at 16 and trained as a piano tuner.
She was involved in a number of punk rock, pub rock and blues bands in the South East Essex area during the late 1970s and early 1980s, including The Vandals and the Screamin' Ab Dabs, The Vicars and The Little Roosters.
Moyet's pop career began in 1981 when she formed the electropop group Yazoo with former Depeche Mode member Vince Clarke.
Yazoo had several hits, including "Only You", "Don't Go", "Situation" and "Nobody's Diary", and recorded two albums, 'Upstairs at Eric's' and 'You and Me Both'.
In 1983 Moyet and Clarke decided to quit Yazoo.
Clarke formed The Assembly and later Erasure; Moyet started a solo career.
Moyet reunited with Clarke as Yazoo for a live tour during 2008.
Durham County is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina.
The county was made on April 17, 1881, from parts of Orange County and Wake County.
In 1911 parts of Cedar Fork Township in Wake County were transferred to Durham County and became Carr Township.
The only incorporated city in Durham County is the City of Durham.
But, parts of the Town of Chapel Hill in Orange County are also in Durham County.
Person County, North Carolina - north
Granville County, North Carolina - northeast
Wake County, North Carolina - southeast
Chatham County, North Carolina - south-southwest
Orange County, North Carolina - west
Durham County government official website
Durham Convention and Visitors Bureau
1880s establishments in North Carolina
Nash County is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina.
As of 2000, 87,420 people lived there.
The county was made in 1777 from Edgecombe County.
It was named for Brigadier General Francis Nash, who had been wounded that year at the Battle of Germantown.
Halifax County, North Carolina - north
Edgecombe County, North Carolina - east
Wilson County, North Carolina - south
Johnston County, North Carolina - southwest
Franklin County, North Carolina - west
Wake County, North Carolina - southwest
Battleboro
Dortches
Momeyer
Spring Hope
Whitakers
Nash County government official website
North Carolina counties
1777 establishments in North Carolina
Granville County is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina.
As of 2000, 48,498 people lived there.
In 1752 parts of Granville County, Bladen County, and Johnston County were combined to form Orange County.
In 1764 the eastern part of Granville County became Bute County.
And in 1881 parts of Granville County, Franklin County, and Warren County were combined to form Vance County.
Bordoring Counties
Mecklenburg County, Virginia - north
Vance County, North Carolina - east
Franklin County, North Carolina - southeast
Wake County, North Carolina - south
Durham County, North Carolina - southwest
Person County, North Carolina - west
Halifax County, Virginia - north-northwest
Butner
Creedmoor
Stovall
Granville County government official website
Granville County Chamber of Commerce
Granville County Historical Society/Museums
18th-century establishments in North Carolina
Franklin County is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina.
As of 2000, 47,260 people lived there.
Its county seat is Louisburg.
The county was made in 1779 from the southern half of Bute County.
Warren County, North Carolina - north-northeast
Granville County, North Carolina - west
Vance County, North Carolina - north-northwest
Johnston County, North Carolina - south
Halifax County, North Carolina - northeast
Bunn
Franklinton
Louisburg
Youngsville
Franklin County government official website
Greater Franklin County Chamber of Commerce
The Franklin Times
1779 establishments in North Carolina
A shoulder rest is something which is used by people who play the violin or the viola.
It may be made of wood, aluminium, carbon fiber or plastic.
It appeared around the middle part of the 20th century.
Usually, the shoulder rest attaches to the edge of the violin with "feet" padded with rubber tubing or made of soft plastic.
The purpose of a shoulder rest is to help the player to be comfortable holding the violin, which is held between the chin and the shoulder.
It is a relatively recent invention, and though it is quite commonly used among modern violinists and violists, it is not universally used.
Depending on body type and style of clothes, some musicians prefer no more than a thin sponge, a cloth or sometimes nothing at all under the instrument.
It is important that the player can shift his left hand easily and freely to play in the higher positions without being afraid that he will drop the instrument, and without feeling the need to squeeze the instrument between his chin and shoulder as this will make the muscles in his neck very tight.
Johnston County is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina.
In 2000, 121,965 people lived there.
In 2006, population was 152,143.
The county was made in 1746 from Craven County.
It was named for Gabriel Johnston, who used to be the governor of North Carolina.
In 1752 parts of Johnston County, Bladen County, and Granville County were combined to form Orange County.
In 1758 the eastern part of Johnston County became Dobbs County.
In 1770 parts of Johnston County, Cumberland County, and Orange County were combined to form Wake County.
And in 1855 parts of Johnston County, Edgecombe County, Nash County, and Wayne County were combined to form Wilson County.
Nash County, North Carolina - north-northeast
Wilson County, North Carolina - northeast
Wayne County, North Carolina - southeast
Sampson County, North Carolina - south
Wake County, North Carolina - northwest
Major Roads
U.S. Highway 70
U.S. Highway 301
U.S. Highway 701
Four Oaks
Kenly
Pine Level
Smithfield
West Smithfield
Wilson's Mills
Newspapers in Johnston County
Clayton News-Star
Kenly News
The Four Oaks-Benson News in Review
Princeton News Leader
The Selma News
The Smithfield Herald
The Cleveland Post
The News & Observer
The Goldsboro News-Argus
Johnston County government official website
Johnston County Visitors Bureau, the official site for visitor information for Johnston County
The Felinae is a subfamily of the Felidae family.
It includes small cats and a few medium-large cats, especially the cougar (Puma concolor) and the cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus).
There is now a precise classification for the living members of the subfamily based on genetic research.
These genetic lineages have been identified:
Lineage 1A: Pardofelis (marbled cat) and Catopuma (Bornean bay cat, and Asian golden cat)
Lineage 1B: Leptailurus (serval), Caracal, Profelis (African golden cat)
Lineage 2: Leopardus: small spotted cats of Central and South America.
Best known is the ocelot; also the guigna, margay, and Andean mountain cat
Lineage 3: Lynx
Lineage 4: Puma, Acinonyx (the cheetah)
Lineage 5: Prionailurus (spotted Asian wildcats), Otocolobus (Pallas's cat), leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis), marbled cat (Pardofelis marmorata), rusty-spotted cat (Prionailurus rubiginosus), fishing cat (Prionailurus viverrinus), flat-headed cat (Prionailurus planiceps)
Lineage 6: Felis: the domestic cat and its nearest relatives.
Widespread in Africa, Asia and Europe, notably the jungle cat, sand cat,  and the wildcat.
African wildcat (Felis silvestris lybica), black-footed cat (Felis negripes), Chinese mountain cat (Felis bieti)
The Quibbler is written by Xenophilius Lovegood, father of Luna Lovegood.
The magazine is meant to cause shock, and contains the strange opinions of Xenophilius.
Luna believes in everything her father says and during the "Order of the Phoenix" she had lots of arguments with Hermione Granger about it.
The Quibbler often has articles about creatures that other characters believe to not exist.
In Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, it published an interview between Rita Skeeter and Harry Potter.
In this interview, Harry said that he had seen Lord Voldemort.
For most of Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, The Quibbler writes positive views on Harry, and tells people to support him.
However, after Luna is taken by the "Death Eaters" (supporters of Voldemort), Xenophilius turns against Harry and begins posting wanted signs for him in The Quibbler.
When Harry visits him for information on the Deathly Hallows, Xenophilius turns him in to the Death Eaters.
Harry narrowly escapes.
en:Harry Potter universe#The Quibbler
A camera obscura (plural camerae obscurae or camera obscuras, from Latin , "dark chamber") is a darkened room with a small hole or lens at one side through which an image is projected onto a wall or table opposite the hole.
Camera obscura is Latin for "dark chamber."
At its most basic, the camera obscura is a simple box (which may be room-sized) with a small hole in one side, (see pinhole camera for details on how to build one).
Light from only one part of a scene will pass through the hole and strike a specific part of the back wall. (
The projection can be made on paper on which an artist can copy the image.)
As the pinhole is made smaller, the image gets sharper, but the light-sensitivity decreases.
With this simple apparatus, the image is always upside-down.
By using mirrors, as in the 18th century overhead version, it is also possible to project a "right-side-up" image.
Discovery and origins
The first mention and discovery of the principles behind the pinhole camera, a precursor to the camera obscura, belong to Mozi (470 BC to 390 BC), a Chinese philosopher and founder of Mohism.
Later, Aristotle (384 to 322 BC) understood the optical principle of the pinhole camera.
He viewed the crescent shape of a partially eclipsed sun projected on the ground through the holes in a sieve, and the gaps between leaves of a plane tree.
The first camera obscura was later built by an Iraqi scientist named Abu Ali Al-Hasan Ibn al-Haytham, born in Basra (965-1039 AD), known in the West as Alhacen or Alhazen, who carried out practical experiments on optics in his Book of Optics.
In his various experiments, Ibn Al-Haitham used the term “al-Bayt al-Muẓlim”(), translated in English as dark room.
In the experiment he undertook, in order to establish that light travels in time and with speed, he says: “If the hole was covered with a curtain and the curtain was taken off, the light traveling from the hole to the opposite wall will consume time.”
He reiterated the same experience when he established that light travels in straight lines.
The most revealing experiment which indeed introduced the camera obscura was in his studies of the half-moon shape of the sun’s image during eclipses which he observed on the wall opposite a small hole made in the window shutters.
In his famous essay "On the form of the Eclipse" (Maqālah fī Sura al-Kosūf) () he commented on his observation "The image of the sun at the time of the eclipse, unless it is total, demonstrates that when its light passes through a narrow, round hole and is cast on a plane opposite to the hole it takes on the form of a moon-sickle”.
In his experiment of the sun light he extended his observation of the penetration of light through the pinhole to conclude that when the sun light reaches and penetrates the hole it makes a conic shape at the points meeting at the pinhole, forming later another conic shape reverse to the first one on the opposite wall in the dark room.
This happens when sun light diverges from point “ﺍ” until it reaches an aperture “ﺏﺤ” and is projected through it onto a screen at the luminous spot “ﺩﻫ”.
Since the distance between the aperture and the screen is insignificant in comparison to the distance between the aperture and the sun, the divergence of sunlight after going through the aperture should be insignificant.
In other words, “ﺏﺤ” should be about equal to “ﺩﻫ”.
However, it is observed to be much greater “ﻙﻁ” when the paths of the rays which form the extremities of “ﻙﻁ” are retraced in the reverse direction, it is found that they meet at a point outside the aperture and then diverge again toward the sun as illustrated in figure 1.
This was indeed the first accurate description of the Camera Obscura phenomenon.
In camera terms, the light converges into the room through the hole transmitting with it the object(s) facing it.
The object will appear in full colour but upside down on the projecting screen/wall opposite the hole inside the dark room.
The explanation is that light travels in a straight line and when some of the rays reflected from a bright subject pass through the small hole in thin material they do not scatter but cross and reform as an upside down image on a flat white surface held parallel to the hole.
Ib Al-Haitham established that the smaller the hole is, the clearer the picture is.
Although both the pinhole camera and camera obscura is credited to Ibn al-Haytham, the camera obscura was first described by Aristotle, who was the first to describe how an image is formed on the eye, using the camera obscura as an analogy.
Alhazen states (in the Latin translation), and with respect to the camera obscura, "Et nos non inventimus ita", we did not invent this.
Some camera obscura have been built as tourist attractions, often taking the form of a large chamber within a high building that can be darkened so that a 'live' panorama of the world outside is projected onto a horizontal surface through a rotating lens.
Although few now survive, examples can be found at the following locations:
Edinburgh in Scotland - See the Camera Obscura site
Johannesburg in South Africa
Pretoria in South Africa
Cape Town in South Africa
Lisbon and Tavira in Portugal
Santa Monica in California
Los Angeles at the Griffith Observatory
San Francisco at the Cliff House
North Carolina's "Cloud Chamber for the Trees and Sky"
Havana in Cuba
Royal Observatory, Greenwich, London
Kentwell Hall, Suffolk
Hill, D.R. (1993), ‘Islamic and Jewish Science and Engineering’, Edinburgh University Press, page 70.
An Appreciation of the Camera Obscura
The Camera Obscura in San Francisco — The Giant Camera of San Francisco at Ocean Beach, added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2001
Camera Obscura and World of Illusions, Edinburgh
Dumfries Museum & Camera Obscura, Dumfries, Scotland
Vermeer and the Camera Obscura by Philip Steadman
Paleo-camera - The camera obscura and the origins of art
The History of the Discovery of Cinematography An Illustrated Chronology
Sinden Optical Company  — Camera Obscura manufacturer.
List of all known Camera Obscura
Re-opened camera obscura on Eastbourne Pier, UK
Willett & Patteson Camera Obscura hire and Creation.
Camera Obscura and Outlook Tower, Edinburgh, Scotland
Cameraobscuras.com George T Keene builds custom camera obscuras like the Griffith Observatory CO in Los Angeles.
Camera obscura in Trondheim, Norway  Built by students of architecture and engineering from NTNU (The Norwegian University of Science and Technology)
Photo gallery and audio interview with Abelardo Morell, who creates room-size camera obscura images
The Magic Mirror of Life - An Appreciation of the Camera Obscura
Abelardo Morell Photographs displaying room size Camera Obscura images, by Abelardo Morell
Making a Camera Obscura - BBC video clip from The Genius of Photography series 2007
camera obscura - Research group at the University of Barcelona.
www.estenopeica.es - Gabriel Lacomba: pinhole photography.
kinor.net - Roland Buehlmann's abstract pinhole photography.
Camera Obscura, an attraction at the Cliff House in San Francisco.
Camera Obscura (band), an indie band from Glasgow
Camera Obscura (album), by Nico
Camera Obscura, one of the translated titles of a 1932 novel by Vladimir Nabokov
The Camera Obscura (Fatal Frame) is also the name of a camera used to exorcise spirits by taking pictures, used in the game Fatal Frame
Camera Obscura (Doctor Who) a novel based on the Doctor Who series
Camera Obscura (German band), a German instrumental group, who had a minor hit in 1983 with the Destitution EP
A pinhole camera is a camera without a conventional glass lens.
An extremely small hole in a thin material can create an image when all light rays from a scene go through a single point.
In order to produce a reasonably clear image, the aperture has to be about 1/100th the distance to the screen, or less.
The shutter of a pinhole camera usually consists of a hand operated flap of some light-proof material to cover and uncover the pinhole.
A common use of a pinhole camera is to capture the movement of sunlight over a long period of time.
This type of photography is called Solargraphy.
Invention of pinhole camera
Very early in history (as far back as 500 B.C.), Greeks such as Aristotle and Euclid wrote on naturally-occurring rudimentary pinhole cameras, for example light may travel through the slits of wicker baskets and the crossing of leaves  The ancient Greeks, however, believed that our eye emitted rays which enabled us to see.
What enabled a much better understanding of the pinhole camera was the discovery that light enters the eye rather than leaving it.
It was the 10th-century Muslim mathematician, astronomer and physicist Ibn al-Haytham who published this idea.
Worldwide Pinhole Photography Day website
Pinhole Photography and Camera Design Calculators
Illustrated history of cinematography
History and Pinhole Photography Resources
Window shutter, a solid window covering used to block light and winds
Hurricane shutter, a reinforced window shutter for protection in strong winds
Shutter (photography), a photographic device that administers the exposure by limiting the time over which light is admitted
Movie projector shutter, used to interrupt the emitted light during the time the film is advanced to the next frame
Stage lighting shutter, used to modify the light cast by a theatre light
A device used to manipulate pulses of light in a signal lamp
Swell shutter, a flap used to control the flow of air through the pipes in a pipe organ
Shutter (Thai movie), a 2004 horror movie from Thailand
Shutter (US movie), a 2004 movie from the United States
Shutter (Short movie), a 2001 short movie by Jannu Alain Goldschmidt
Shutter (2008 movie), a 2008 starring Joshua Jackson
Shuttering is the permanent closure of a building or business.
Camera shutters
Central shutters are mounted within a lens assembly, or more rarely behind or even in front of a lens and shut off the beam of light where it is narrow.
A leaf mechanism is usually used.
Focal plane shutters are mounted near the focal plane and move to uncover the film or sensor.
Shutters immediately behind the lens were used in some cameras with limited lens interchangeability.
Shutters in front of the lens were used in the early days of photography.
Photographic lens
A movie projector is a machine that shows moving pictures by projecting them on a projection screen.
Most of the optical and mechanical elements, except for the illumination and sound devices, are present in movie cameras.
Collection of restored cinema projectors and lighting by Regal Group, UK.
Film-Tech
American Wide Screen Museum
The story of the DP70 - The Todd-AO Projector
A Cinerama site
The following lists all of the craters on Puck.
Puck is a moon of Uranus.
Craters on Puck are named after spirits from European mythology.
Indigofera is a big genus of about 700 species of flowering plants.
They mostly grow in tropical areas of the world.
They were used to make Indigo dye.
The Emmanuel College: Notre Dame Campus is a Roman Catholic, secondary day school, located in Point Cook, a south-western suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Establishment & Construction
In 2006, the plans for Emmanuel College and the future school initiated.
Construction of the education facility began in 2007 and was completed before the school's opening, ready for the school's first year of education.
The school only teaches year sevens, but will expand to educating years seven to twelve by the year 2013.
It was planned for the school to expand one year level each year, so when the year sevens of 2008 become year eights, the school will teach both years seven and eight, and so on until 2013 when it would have finished this process.
Emmanuel College: St. Paul's Campus
List of schools in Victoria
2008 establishments in Australia
Claudette Colbert ( ; born Émilie Claudette Chauchoin; September 13, 1903 – July 30, 1996) was an American actress.
Colbert was famous for her light comedy as well as emotional drama.
She became one of the biggest box-office stars of her time.
In 1999, she was ranked as the 12th greatest female star of all time by the American Film Institute in their list AFI's 100 Years... 100 Stars.
Colbert once said to an interviewer, "Audiences always sound like they're glad to see me, and I'm damned glad to see them."
Colbert was born on September 13, 1903, to Georges Cauchoin and his wife, the former Jeanne Loew.
Her family emigrated to the United States and settled in New York City.
She had one brother, Charles, who used the surname Wendling and went on to become his sister's agent.
After her formal education ended, she enrolled in the Art Students League, where she paid for her dramatic training by working in a dress shop.
She made her Broadway debut in 1923 in the stage production of "The Wild Wescotts".
It was during this event that she adopted the name Claudette Colbert.
One of the brightest film stars to grace the screen was born Emilie Claudette Chauchoin on September 13, 1903, in Saint Mandé, France where her father owned a bakery at 57, rue de la République (now Avenue Général de Gaulle).
The family moved to the United States when she was three years old.
She began acting in high school and in 1923 appeared on the Broadway stage in a small part.
Hooked, she gave up on her plans to be a fashion designer to instead pursue a career in acting.
She made her first motion picture appearance in 1927, in For the Love of Mike, a silent movie shot on location in Paramount Studios in New York, New York facilities.
However, talking movies were taking over and two years later, Colbert appeared in her first talking movie, The Hole in the Wall, co-starring another newcomer, Edward G. Robinson.
Her final appearance before the cameras was in a TV movie, The Two Mrs. Grenvilles (1987).
She did, however, remain on the stage where she had returned in 1956, her first love.
After a series of strokes, Claudette divided her time between New York and Barbados.
On July 30, 1996, Claudette died in Speightstown,Barbados.
She was 92 years old.
In 1930 Colbert signed a contract with Paramount Pictures, who were looking for stage actors who could handle dialog in the new "talkies" medium.
Colbert's elegant, musical voice was one of her best assets.
Some of her early hit movies were Manslaughter (1930) and Honor Among Lovers (1931), both with Fredric March, The Smiling Lieutenant (1931), with Maurice Chevalier and Miriam Hopkins, and  Torch Singer (1933), with Ricardo Cortez and David Manners.
Colbert's career got a huge boost when Cecil B. DeMille cast her as the Roman empress Poppaea in his historical epic The Sign of the Cross (1932), opposite Fredric March and Charles Laughton (as Nero).
In one of the most memorable scenes in movie history, Claudette bathes nude in a marble pool filled with asses' milk.
She worked again for DeMille and was dazzling as his  Cleopatra (1934), opposite Warren William and Henry Wilcoxon.
In 1934 she won an Academy Award for Best Actress for her role opposite Clark Gable in the Frank Capra classic screwball comedy It Happened One Night, a movie she initially described as the "worst picture in the world".
Her performance, however, proved to Hollywood that she was an expert comedienne.
She initially balked at pulling up her skirt to entice a passing car to give her and Gable a ride in one famous scene, complaining that it was unladylike.
However, upon seeing the chorus girl who was brought in as her body double, an outraged Colbert told the director, "Get her out of here.
That's not my leg!"
Colbert then starred in the original Imitation of Life (1934), opposite Warren William and Louise Beavers.
Claudette spent the rest of the 1930s deftly alternating between romantic comedies and dramas, and found success in both: Private Worlds (1935), with Charles Boyer; She Married Her Boss (1935), with Melvyn Douglas; The Gilded Lily (1935) and The Bride Comes Home (1935), both with Fred MacMurray; Under Two Flags (1936), with Ronald Colman; Tovarich (1937), again with Boyer; Bluebeard's Eighth Wife (1938), with Gary Cooper; Zaza (1939), with Herbert Marshall; Midnight (1939), with Don Ameche; It's a Wonderful World (1939), with James Stewart; and Drums Along the Mohawk (1939), with Henry Fonda.
From 1936 to 1944, she starred in numerous programs of Cecil B. DeMille's Lux Radio Theater, which was one of the most popular dramatic radio shows at the time.
In 1952, she returned to work in her native France where she stayed until 1955.
Apart from making two more Hollywood movies, she went back to Broadway in 1958 doing "The Marriage Go-Round" with Charles Boyer, earning a 1959 Tony Award nomination for her work.
Also for her Chicago theatre work, in 1980 she won the Sarah Siddons Award.
In 1984 she appeared with Rex Harrison in Frederick Lonsdale's "Aren't We All" at the Haymarket Theatre, London, and also the Brooks Atkinson Theatre on Broadway, presented by Douglas Urbanski.
Ms. Colbert's last movie was Parrish in 1961.
She acted in numerous Broadway plays for the next twenty years.
In 1987, she did a television mini-series titled The Two Mrs. Grenvilles and was nominated for an Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Mini-series or a Special.
In 1988, she won the Golden Globe Award for Best Performance by an Actress in a Supporting Role in a Series, Mini-Series or Motion Picture made for TV.
In 1989 she received the Kennedy Center Honors.
During her career, Claudette Colbert played in sixty-five movies.
For her contribution to the motion picture industry, she was honoured with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
Colbert married twice.
Her first husband was Norman Foster, an actor and later a director, whom she married in 1928 and divorced in Mexico in 1935.
According to the account of the divorce in the New York Times, published on August 31, 1935, "Some secrecy surrounded the proceedings, for while Mr. Feldman [Colbert's agent] apparently was at liberty to tell of the divorce being granted, he said he could not tell where in Mexico it was obtained."
The report further stated that "The Fosters created something of a sensation when they disclosed that they were trying to remain happily married while living in separate homes.
But even this experiment apparently failed."
Four months after her divorce, on December 24, 1935, Colbert married Dr. Joel J. Pressman, a throat specialist, who died in 1968; her former husband went on to marry the actress Sally Blane, a sister of Loretta Young.
When she retired from motion pictures, Colbert and her husband moved to Palm Springs where she operated a store for a time before moving to Barbados.
The idea of moving to Barbados came to her following a visit to Noël Coward's house in Jamaica.
At her home there, called Bellerive, she spent her later years as a hostess to the world's powerful and famous.