the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
|1998||rowspan="2"|JEF United Ichihara||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||9||1||0||0||1||0||10||1
|2000||rowspan="2"|Ventforet Kofu||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||||||||||||||||
|2001||||||||||||||||
|1987/88||Pievigina||Interregionale||25||10
|1988/89||rowspan="2"|Pergocrema||rowspan="2"|Serie C2||28||6
|1989/90||2||0
|1989/90||rowspan="3"|Fano||Serie C2||27||8
|1990/91||rowspan="2"|Serie C1||30||4
|1991/92||31||14
|1992/93||rowspan="5"|Cesena||rowspan="5"|Serie B||34||10
|1993/94||32||12
|1995/96||36||22
|1996/97||31||15
|1997/98||rowspan="4"|Brescia||Serie A||30||16
|1998/99||rowspan="2"|Serie B||36||21
|1999/00||32||21
|2000/01||Serie A||31||17
|2001/02||rowspan="2"|Piacenza||rowspan="2"|Serie A||33||24
|2002/03||27||14
|2003/04||Ancona||Serie A||9||0
|2003/04||Perugia||Serie A||13||3
|2004/05||Mantova||Serie C1||23||7
|2005/06||Chiari||Serie D||15||9
|2005/06||Rodengo Saiano||Serie D||25||18
|2006/07||rowspan="3"|Orsa Corte Franca||rowspan="3"|Eccellenza||27||10
|2007/08||17||20
|2008/09||20||18
|2009/10||Castel Mella||||||
|1994||rowspan="4"|Kashima Antlers||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||4||0||1||0||0||0||5||0
|1996||6||0||0||0||10||0||16||0
|1997||rowspan="2"|Kyoto Purple Sanga||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||13||0||2||1||0||0||15||1
|1998||31||1||2||0||4||0||37||1
|1999||rowspan="2"|Cerezo Osaka||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||21||0||1||0||1||0||23||0
|2000||5||0||0||0||0||0||5||0
|2000||Shonan Bellmare||J. League 2||24||0||3||0||0||0||27||0
|2001||rowspan="3"|Mito Hollyhock||rowspan="3"|J. League 2||21||0||2||0||1||0||24||0
|2002||41||2||2||0||colspan="2"|-||43||2
|2003||36||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||36||0
|2004||rowspan="2"|Thespa Kusatsu||Football League||29||0||5||0||colspan="2"|-||34||0
|2005||J. League 2||32||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||33||0
Maeda was born in Fukuoka on September 5, 1965.
After graduating from Tokai University, he joined Japan Soccer League club All Nippon Airways (later Yokohama Flügels) in 1988.
In 1988/89 season, the club won the 2nd place and he was selected Best Eleven.
In 1993, the club won Emperor's Cup.
In Asia, the club won 1994–95 Asian Cup Winners' Cup and 1995 Asian Super Cup.
On January 27, 1988, Maeda debuted for the Japan national team against United Arab Emirates.
He played as regular player, and also played at 1990 World Cup qualification.
He played 14 games and scored 6 goals for Japan until 1989.
|1988/89||rowspan=4|All Nippon Airways||rowspan=4|JSL Division 1||22||10||||||2||0||24||10
|1989/90||16||3||||||3||1||19||4
|1990/91||16||3||||||4||1||20||4
|1991/92||7||0||||||1||0||8||0
|1992||rowspan=5|Yokohama Flügels||rowspan=5|J1 League||colspan=2|-||||||9||3||9||3
|1993||32||10||5||4||6||1||43||15
|1994||39||11||2||0||2||0||43||11
|1995||29||8||2||0||colspan=2|-||31||8
|1996||3||0||0||0||4||0||7||0
|1989||9||5
Total||14||6
|1992||rowspan="7"|Sanfrecce Hiroshima||rowspan="7"|J. League 1||colspan="2"|-||2||1||4||1||6||2
|1993||2||0||2||0||0||0||4||0
|1994||13||1||2||0||0||0||15||1
|1995||33||2||5||0||colspan="2"|-||38||2
|1996||22||1||1||0||10||0||33||1
|1997||22||1||2||0||6||0||30||0
|1998||1||0||0||0||3||0||4||0
|1981||rowspan="11"|Yomiuri||rowspan="11"|JSL Division 1||||||||||||||||
|1989/90||11||0||||||0||0||11||0
|1990/91||2||0||||||0||0||2||0
|1992||rowspan="4"|Verdy Kawasaki||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||colspan="2"|-||||||2||0||2||0
|1993||9||0||0||0||0||0||9||0
|1994||6||0||0||0||1||0||7||0
Avispa
Arthur Friedenreich (18 July 1892 – 6 September 1969) is a former Brazilian football player.
Information about Friedenreich
|1998||rowspan="3"|Cerezo Osaka||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||16||0||1||0||0||0||17||0
|1999||29||0||2||0||3||0||34||0
|2000||10||0||2||0||1||0||13||0
|2003||Sagan Tosu||J. League 2||8||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||8||0
|2004||Gainare Tottori||Football League||11||1||2||0||colspan="2"|-||13||1
Ivan Radeljić (born 14 September 1980) is a Bosnia and Herzegovina football player.
He plays for Gençlerbirliği and Bosnia and Herzegovina national team.
|1999/00||Hajduk Split||Prva HNL||8||0
|1999/00||Zadar||Druga HNL||0||0
|2000/01||Hajduk Split||Prva HNL||5||0
|2001/02||Šibenik||Prva HNL||23||1
|2002/03||Hajduk Split||Prva HNL||13||0
|2003/04||Inter Zaprešić||Prva HNL||16||0
|2004||Cerezo Osaka||J. League 1||15||0
|2004/05||rowspan="2"|Inter Zaprešić||rowspan="2"|Prva HNL||14||0
|2005/06||rowspan="3"|Slaven Belupo||rowspan="3"|Prva HNL||14||0
|2007/08||rowspan="2"|Energie Cottbus||rowspan="2"|Bundesliga||16||0
|2009/10||Gençlerbirliği||Süper Lig||||
Marco Marchionni (born 22 July 1980) is an Italian football player.
|1998/99||rowspan="3"|Empoli||Serie A||1||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||1||0
|1999/00||rowspan="2"|Serie B||19||2||4||1||colspan="2"|-||23||3
|2000/01||35||5||1||0||colspan="2"|-||36||5
|2001/02||rowspan="2"|Parma||rowspan="2"|Serie A||20||0||3||2||8||1||31||3
|2002/03||5||0||3||0||0||0||8||0
|2002/03||Piacenza||Serie A||16||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||16||1
|2003/04||rowspan="3"|Parma||rowspan="3"|Serie A||32||5||0||0||3||1||35||6
|2004/05||24||4||1||0||7||2||32||6
|2005/06||31||4||0||0||colspan="2"|-||31||4
|2006/07||rowspan="3"|Juventus||Serie B||25||1||3||1||colspan="2"|-||28||2
|2007/08||rowspan="2"|Serie A||11||1||3||1||colspan="2"|-||14||2
|2008/09||27||1||4||2||5||0||36||3
|1993||Portuguesa Desportos||Série A||15||1||||||||||15||1
|1994||rowspan="2"|Guarani||rowspan="2"|Série A||26||0||||||||||26||0
|1995||13||0||||||||||13||0
|1996||rowspan="3"|Internacional||rowspan="3"|Série A||20||0||||||||||20||0
|1997||27||0||||||||||27||0
|1998||9||4||||||||||9||4
|1998||rowspan="2"|Avispa Fukuoka||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||26||6||2||1||4||1||32||8
|1999||25||8||0||0||4||0||29||8
|2000||rowspan="2"|Palmeiras||rowspan="2"|Série A||22||0||||||||||22||0
|2001||25||0||||||||||25||0
|2002||Juventude||Série A||17||0||||||||||17||0
|2003||rowspan="2"|Botafogo||Série B||32||1||||||||||32||1
|2004||Série A||43||0||||||||||43||0
|2005||Santo André||Série B||19||1||||||||||19||1
|2006||Gamba Osaka||J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|1993||rowspan="3"|Otsuka Pharmaceuticals||rowspan="3"|Football League||1||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||2||0
|1994||17||1||2||0||colspan="2"|-||19||1
|1996||rowspan="3"|Kyoto Purple Sanga||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||27||0||3||0||12||0||42||0
|1998||15||0||0||0||4||0||19||0
|1999||Gamba Osaka||J. League 1||2||0||2||0||0||0||4||0
Hiroto Mogi (born 2 March 1984) is a Japanese football player.
|2002||rowspan="4"|Sanfrecce Hiroshima||J. League 1||15||2||3||0||1||0||19||2
|2003||J. League 2||23||5||1||0||colspan="2"|-||24||5
|2004||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||8||1||0||0||2||1||10||2
|2005||12||4||0||0||4||0||16||4
|2006||rowspan="5"|Vissel Kobe||J. League 2||37||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||38||0
|2007||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||24||1||1||0||3||0||28||1
|2008||0||0||1||0||0||0||1||0
|2009||31||8||3||3||5||0||39||11
Katsuyuki Saito (born 7 April 1973) is a former Japanese football player.
|1997||rowspan="2"|Brummell Sendai||rowspan="2"|Football League||27||2||2||1||0||0||29||3
|1999||rowspan="3"|Vegalta Sendai||rowspan="3"|J. League 2||29||0||1||0||2||0||32||0
Ryota Aoki (born 19 August 1984) is a Japanese football player.
|2003||rowspan="5"|Gamba Osaka||rowspan="5"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||1||0
|2004||0||0||2||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||3||0
|2005||3||0||0||0||3||0||colspan="2"|-||6||0
|2006||6||0||0||0||2||0||2||0||10||0
|2007||4||0||1||0||5||0||colspan="2"|-||10||0
|2008||rowspan="3"|JEF United Ichihara Chiba||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||29||1||1||0||6||0||colspan="2"|-||36||1
|2009||26||0||1||0||3||0||colspan="2"|-||30||0
|1990/91||18||0||||||1||0||19||0
|1992||rowspan="4"|Gamba Osaka||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||colspan="2"|-||||||9||0||9||0
|1993||34||2||2||0||6||0||42||2
|1995||rowspan="3"|Vissel Kobe||rowspan="2"|Football League||16||2||3||0||colspan="2"|-||19||2
|1997||J. League 1||0||0||2||0||2||0||4||0
Abdeljalil Hadda (born 21 March 1972) is a former Moroccan football player.
|1998/99||rowspan="2"|Sporting Gijón||rowspan="2"|Segunda División||23||4
|2000||Yokohama F. Marinos||J. League 1||0||0
|2000/01||Sporting Gijón||Segunda División||9||2
|2001/02||Africain||Ligue Professionnelle 1||20||12
|2002/03||Maghreb Fès||Botola||0||0
|2003/04||CODM Meknès||Botola||5||4
Lucas Neill (born 9 March 1978) is an Australian football player.
He plays for Galatasaray and Australia national team.
|1995/96||rowspan="7"|Millwall||First Division||13||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||13||0
|1996/97||rowspan="5"|Second Division||39||4||2||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||42||4
|1997/98||6||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||6||0
|1998/99||33||6||1||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||36||6
|1999/00||33||1||1||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||36||1
|2000/01||24||2||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||24||2
|2001/02||First Division||4||1||0||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||5||1
|2001/02||rowspan="6"|Blackburn Rovers||rowspan="6"|Premier League||31||1||4||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||35||1
|2002/03||34||0||3||0||4||0||4||0||45||0
|2003/04||32||2||1||0||1||0||1||0||35||2
|2004/05||36||1||7||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||44||1
|2005/06||35||1||2||1||5||1||colspan="2"|-||42||3
|2006/07||20||0||0||0||1||0||5||1||26||1
|2006/07||rowspan="3"|West Ham United||rowspan="3"|Premier League||11||0||1||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||12||0
|2007/08||34||0||2||0||4||0||colspan="2"|-||40||0
|2008/09||34||1||2||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||37||1
|2009/10||Everton||Premier League||12||0||1||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||15||0
Michael Dawson (born 18 November 1983) is an English football player.
|2001/02||rowspan="4"|Nottingham Forest||rowspan="3"|First Division||1||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||1||0
|2002/03||39||5||1||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||42||5
|2003/04||30||1||0||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||31||1
|2004/05||League Championship||14||1||1||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||17||1
|2004/05||rowspan="6"|Tottenham Hotspur||rowspan="6"|Premier League||5||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||5||0
|2005/06||32||0||1||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||33||0
|2006/07||37||1||6||0||5||0||10||0||58||1
|2007/08||27||1||3||0||4||0||6||1||40||2
|2008/09||16||1||2||0||5||1||5||0||28||2
Gunnar Nordahl (19 October 1921 – 15 September 1995) is a former Swedish football player.
|1948/49||rowspan="8"|Milan||rowspan="8"|Serie A||15||16
|1949/50||37||35
|1950/51||37||35
|1951/52||38||25
|1952/53||33||26
|1953/54||33||22
|1954/55||33||27
|1955/56||32||23
|1956/57||rowspan="2"|Roma||rowspan="2"|Serie A||30||13
|1957/58||4||2
|1959||rowspan="3"|Karlstad||||2||1
|1960||||22||10
|1961||||0||0
|1943||5||5
|1945||6||7
|1946||2||2
|1947||7||15
|1948||9||12
Total||33||43
Okamura was born in Nagasaki Prefecture on March 21, 1977.
He graduated from Kansai University.
He joined J1 League club Gamba Osaka in 1999.
On May 24, 2000, he started as a midfielder against Consadole Sapporo in J.League Cup.
However he did not play much until 2001.
In 2002, he moved to Sagawa Express Osaka, who were recently promoted to Japan Football League.
He played many matches in 3 seasons.
|1999||rowspan="3"|Gamba Osaka||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|2000||0||0||1||0||1||0||2||0
|2002||rowspan="3"|Sagawa Express Osaka||rowspan="3"|Football League||16||3||||||colspan="2"|-||16||3
|2003||28||7||||||colspan="2"|-||28||7
|2004||15||2||||||colspan="2"|-||15||2
|1995||rowspan="6"|JEF United Ichihara||rowspan="6"|J. League 1||33||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||34||0
|1996||9||0||1||0||6||0||16||0
|1997||27||0||2||0||8||0||37||0
|1998||19||1||1||0||4||0||24||1
|2000||8||0||0||0||0||0||8||0
|2001||rowspan="6"|Kyoto Purple Sanga||J. League 2||29||0||3||0||2||0||34||0
|2002||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||28||0||5||0||6||0||39||0
|2003||16||1||1||0||4||0||21||1
|2004||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||35||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||36||0
|2005||36||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||37||0
|2007||rowspan="3"|Mito Hollyhock||rowspan="3"|J. League 2||44||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||45||0
|2008||29||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||30||0
Paul Morphy (22 June 1837 – 10 July 1884), called "the pride and sorrow of chess", was an American chess master.
He was the greatest chess player of his era and an unofficial world champion.
This was widely accepted when he defeated Adolf Anderssen, with seven wins, two loses, and two draws, in 1858.
Morphy was also one of the first great chess prodigies in the modern era.p263
Morphy was a Creole of mixed inheritance.
He was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, to a father of Portuguese, Irish, and Spanish ancestry, and a mother who was a French Creole.
His father was a lawyer, and his mother was musically talented.
Morphy grew up in an atmosphere of culture where chess and music were the typical highlights of a Sunday home gathering.p11
Morphy taught himself, and by nine he was good by the standards of the local players.
At 12 he defeated the Hungarian professional Löwenthal in three casual games.
Then he played little chess until he had qualified in law in April 1857.
He then entered the first American Chess Congress in New York, and won it easily.
Next, he accepted an invitation to play in a tournament in Birmingham, England.
That started his famous European tour.
He beat everyone of note in England, except Staunton, who avoided a match.
Staunton was earning money editing Shakespeare, so his absence from chess was not just an evasion.
In Paris Morphy beat Harrwitz, the house professional, at the Café de la Régence.p128 He then won easily against Anderssen, who was a bit out of practice.
One of his feats was simultaneous play against five strong players, winning two, drawing two and losing one.
He had a great memory, and was able to play more than one game at a time.
In one example, he played eight players at the same time; he did not have a chess board himself, and he could not see their chess boards.
He simply sat in a chair facing the wall, and called out his moves, and was told what the other players had moved.
In summary, he proved he was the best at that time.
On his return home he toured the East Coast cities, accepting testimonials, banquets and applause.
He wrote a chess column for a year in the New York Ledger in 1859–60.
"For this he was paid $3000, but the work soon ended.
He was assisted by another player who, along with the editor, found Morphy incorrigibly lazy".p263
Chess style
Quick and simple development leading to a direct attack: that was Morphy's method.
His openings were first-rate for their time.
He brought off some outstanding combinations and sacrifices, and his best games are still a model for young players.
His games mark the high point of the romantic movement in chess, where players would play all out for direct attacks.
This style was later squashed by better defensive technique, especially for the black side in the openings.
Out of this came Dr Tarrasch's classical principles, and the idea that no game can be lost without a mistake being made.
The chess of the 1890s came to look quite different from Morphy's games, partly because he had forced players to think more clearly about what they were doing.
Life after chess
Morphy soon gave up chess, but his law practice was disrupted by the American Civil War (1861–1865).
He was opposed to secession, and did not serve in the Confederate Army.
Morphy traveled to Havana and to Paris, where he had a married sister, but refused invitations to play in public.
His law practice never took off, and he never worked or played chess again.
The last years of his life were marred by mental illness bordering on paranoia.
Chapter 24 He suffered from distrust, obsessions and delusions, and showed erratic behavior.
For example, he thought people were trying to poison him, so he only ate food cooked by his mother or sister.
If he saw a woman in the street that he thought looked nice, he would follow her for hours.
Morphy died at 47, in his bathtub, perhaps of a stroke.
He was the first of several great American players to have a short chess career.
Pillsbury died young, reputedly of syphilis, and Bobby Fischer, like Morphy, stopped voluntarily, while still a young man.
Fischer showed symptoms of mental illness of a similar kind to Morphy's.p66
The chess games of Paul Morphy
Kim Carnes (born 20 July 1945) is an American singer.
She is best known for the song "Bette Davis Eyes" (1981).
Bette Davis liked the song.
Bette Davis hung the gold record on a wall.
Kim Carnes - Official Web Site
Kim Carnes Fan Club Web Site
was the 30th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.
The years of reign of Bidatsu start in 572 and end in 585; however, there are no certain dates for this emperor's life or reign.
Historians consider details about the life of Emperor Bidatsu to be possibly legendary, but probable.
The name Bidatsu-tennō was created for him posthumously by later generations.
He was the second son of Emperor Kimmei.
His mother, Ishi-hime, was a daughter of Emperor Senka.
Although he had many children, none of them would ever become emperor.
According to Gukanshō, Bidatsu had four empresses and 16 Imperial children (6 sons and 10 daughters).
Events of Bidatsu's life
In the 32nd year of Kimmei's reign (572), the emperor died; and his successor was Bidatsu.
Bidatsu's reign was marked by power struggles about Buddhism.
The two most important men in the court of Bidatsu were Soga no Umako and Mononobe no Moriya.
Soga supported the growth of Buddhism, and Moriya wanted to stop it.
Bidatsu suffered from an unknown disease which afflicted him with sores.
Probably, he was the first royal victim of smallpox in Japan.
In the 14th year of Bidatsu's reign (585), he died;  and the succession (senso) were passed to his younger half-brother who became known as Emperor Yōmei.
Bidatsu is venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine (misasagi) which is associated with the burial mound.
538 births
585 deaths
The Café de la Régence was a meeting place for chess players in Paris, France.
It was the most famous chess meeting-place for over a century.
The building was a coffeehouse in the centre of Paris, founded in 1688 and named in 1718.
At first, it was under the patronage of the Duc d'Orleans, and attracted a literary crowd.p417
Chess players moved there en masse around 1740.
The clientele included amateurs, such as Voltaire, Rousseau, Robespierre, Benjamin Franklin and Napoleon.
The leading professionals, Deschapelles, La Bourdonnais, Verdoni and Philidor, were there every day when they were in Paris.p65 Staunton played his match against Saint-Amant there; Paul Morphy played there in 1858, including his match with Anderssen.
The café was moved in 1855.
The chess room was finally closed in 1916.
Painting by Faven: described in Winter, Edward: Chess Notes #4420  The painting is of a scene in the Café de la Régence in 1910, showing some of its better-known players.
The word longevity means long life, or life expectancy.
It often means someone or something lasting longer than expected.
Longevity usually includes thinking about methods to extend life.
Longevity has been a topic not only for the scientific community but also for writers of science fiction and utopian novels.
Longevity stories
Longevity stories are cultural traditions and lore about exceptional human longevity, with or without eternal youth.
These stories include sincere beliefs of claims of extreme age.
Each category of belief is based on a different motivation for claiming exceptional age.
Stories of exaggerated longevity have been around since the earliest civilizations.
The first longevity narratives were probably the patriarchal/matriarchal claims, which are often an attempt to link humans to the gods or to God due to fuller life.
In some religious traditions there are claims that, if one follows a certain philosophy or practice, one can become immortal or at least live to an extreme age.
Fountain of Youth narratives describe some natural source that provides healing and particularly longevity and youthful health.
An extension and adaptation of the fountain of youth concept is the idea that a particular place, rather than a substance, carries what is needed to attain extreme age, and that a person seeking extreme longevity needs to move to a special district.
The U.S. Census Bureau predicts that life expectancy in the United States will be in the mid-80s by 2050 (up from 77.85 in 2006) and will top out eventually in the low 90s, barring major scientific advances that can change the rate of human aging itself, as opposed to merely treating the effects of aging as is done today.
The Census Bureau also predicted that the United States would have 5.3 million people aged over 100 in 2100.
The United Nations has also made projections far out into the future, up to 2300, at which point it projects that life expectancies in most developed countries will be between 100 and 106 years and still rising, though more and more slowly than before.
However, the UN has warned that these projections are uncertain, and caution that any change or advancement in medical technology could invalidate their projections.
List of centenarians
List of famous people, how old they died, year and month.
For example: 40 years, 1 month, John Lennon
Andrew Matthew "Andy" Reid (born 29 July 1982) is an Irish football player.
He plays for the Nottingham Forest.
|2000/01||rowspan="5"|Nottingham Forest||rowspan="4"|First Division||14||2
|2003/04||46||13
|2004/05||League Championship||25||5
|2004/05||rowspan="2"|Tottenham Hotspur||rowspan="2"|Premier League||13||1
|2005/06||13||0
|2006/07||rowspan="2"|Charlton Athletic||Premier League||16||2
|2007/08||League Championship||22||6
|2007/08||rowspan="3"|Sunderland||rowspan="3"|Premier League||13||1
Judit Polgár (born 23 July 1976) is a Hungarian chess grandmaster.
She is by far the strongest female chess player in history,p312 yet she has never played in the Women's World Chess Championship.
In 1991 she got the title of Grandmaster (GM) at 15 years, 4 months.
She was, at that time, the youngest person to do so.
Polgár is now ranked number 51 in the world, the only woman on FIDE's Top 100 Players list; she has been ranked as high as eighth.
Judit and her two sisters were educated at home by their father.
She always preferred playing in the open events, making it clear from the start that she wanted to become the true world chess champion regardless of gender.
This considerably annoyed the Hungarian Chess Federation, which had visions of winning the Women's World Championship after decades of Soviet domination.
Paid substantial appearance fees by the Hungarian Chess Federation,p106 the family did play in two female-only events.
The Hungarians (nicknamed 'Polgaria') won the Women's Chess Olympiads, with a team packed with Polgárs, in 1988 and 1990.p106; 156 Zsuzsa, Judit, Sofia (the least strong sister) and Ildiko Madl were the team which pushed the Soviet Union into second place for the first time.
In 1994 Judit suffered a controversial defeat at the hands of then-world champion Garry Kasparov, the highest-rated chessplayer of all time.
Kasparov changed his mind after making a losing move and then made another move instead.
According to chess rules, once a player has released a piece s/he cannot make a different move, so Kasparov should have been made to play his original move.
However, Polgár did not challenge this because she says there were no witnesses and an arbiter was not around.
She was also unaware at the time that the re-move was caught on tape by a television crew.
The tournament director was criticised for not forfeiting Kasparov when the videotape evidence was made available to him.
In the event, Polgar has not reached the top of the game (very few do), and now is the mother of two children.
Nevertheless, she has broken the gender barrier in chess: she has proved that a woman can reach the top ten.
Her sister, Susan Polgar, who now lives in the U.S.A., did become Women's World Champion, and also a full Grandmaster.
Polgar, Susan & Truong, Paul 2005.
Breaking through: how the Polgar sisters changed the game of chess.
Hungarian chess players
Paul Stalteri (born 18 October 1977) is a Canadian soccer player.
He plays for Borussia Mönchengladbach and Canada national team.
|1997||Toronto Lynx||USISL A-League||16||8
|1997/98||rowspan="8"|Werder Bremen||rowspan="8"|Bundesliga||0||0
|2000/01||31||1
|2005/06||rowspan="3"|Tottenham Hotspur||rowspan="3"|Premier League||33||1
|2006/07||6||1
|2007/08||Fulham||Premier League||13||0
|2008/09||rowspan="2"|Borussia Mönchengladbach||rowspan="2"|Bundesliga||16||0
Total||79||7
|1998||rowspan="4"|Ponte Preta||rowspan="4"|Série A||13||0||||||||||13||0
|1999||1||0||||||||||1||0
|2000||22||0||||||||||22||0
|2001||22||1||||||||||22||1
|2002||Gamba Osaka||J. League 1||20||0||2||0||6||0||28||0
|2003||Flamengo||Série A||38||0||||||||||38||0
|2004||rowspan="2"|Santos||rowspan="2"|Série A||28||1||||||||||28||1
|2005||26||0||||||||||26||0
|2006||Internacional||Série A||13||1||||||||||13||1
Ricardo Souza Silva (born 26 November 1926) is a Brazilian football player.
Viktor Onopko (born 14 October 1969) is a former Russian football player.
|1986||Stakhanovets Stakhanov||||4||2
|1987||rowspan="2"|Shakhtar Donetsk||rowspan="2"|Top League||0||0
|1989||Dynamo Kyiv||Top League||0||0
|1990||rowspan="2"|Shakhtar Donetsk||rowspan="2"|Top League||21||0
|1991||24||1
|1992||rowspan="4"|Spartak Moscow||rowspan="4"|Top League||23||6
|1993||30||9
|1994||26||2
|1995||29||6
|1995/96||rowspan="7"|Real Oviedo||rowspan="6"|La Liga||19||1
|1997/98||31||1
|1999/00||31||2
|2000/01||35||3
|2001/02||Segunda División||30||1
|2002/03||Rayo Vallecano Madrid||La Liga||6||1
|2003||Spartak-Alania Vladikavkaz||Premier League||7||0
|2004||rowspan="2"|Saturn Ramenskoe||rowspan="2"|Premier League||26||1
|2005||25||0
|1993||12||1
Henri Michel (28 October 1947 – 24 April 2018) was a former French football player.
He had played for France national team.
|1964/65||rowspan="2"|Aixoise||rowspan="2"|Division 2||9||0
|1966/67||rowspan="16"|Nantes||rowspan="16"|Division 1||14||2
|1967/68||32||1
|1969/70||28||6
|1970/71||38||4
|1971/72||30||4
|1972/73||38||9
|1973/74||37||6
|1974/75||37||8
|1975/76||38||12
|1976/77||38||11
|1977/78||36||5
|1978/79||37||6
|1980/81||37||1
|1970||7||1
|2001||Singapore Armed Forces||S. League||20||15
|1996||16||13
|1997||13||7
|1998||19||6
|1999||9||9
|2001||22||17
Total||130||65
Michael Yano (born 22 January 1979) is a former Japanese football player.
Taikai Uemoto (born 1 June 1982) is a Japanese football player.
|2001||rowspan="4"|Júbilo Iwata||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|2002||1||0||0||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||2||0
|2003||5||0||1||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||||0
|2005||rowspan="5"|Oita Trinita||rowspan="5"|J. League 1||14||0||2||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||16||0
|2006||25||0||2||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||29||0
|2007||29||0||1||0||4||0||colspan="2"|-||34||0
|2008||31||2||0||0||11||1||colspan="2"|-||42||3
|2009||28||0||2||0||6||0||colspan="2"|-||36||0
|2010||Cerezo Osaka||J. League 1||||||||||||||||||||
Yoshiaki Fujita (born 12 January 1983) is a Japanese football player.
|2005||rowspan="2"|JEF United Ichihara Chiba||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||1||0||0||0||0||0||1||0
|2006||rowspan="5"|Oita Trinita||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||4||0||0||0||0||0||4||0
|2007||31||2||2||0||5||0||38||2
|2008||26||0||1||0||11||0||38||0
|2009||28||0||2||0||6||0||36||0
Satoshi Taira (born 16 July 1970) is a former Japanese football player.
Alessandro Andrade de Oliveira (born 27 May 1973) is a former Brazilian football player.
|1995||Vasco da Gama||Série A||2||0||||||||||2||0
|1996||rowspan="2"|Santos||rowspan="2"|Série A||19||6||||||||||19||6
|1997||1||1||||||||||1||1
|1997||rowspan="2"|Júbilo Iwata||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||13||5||3||1||2||0||18||6
|1998||9||3||0||0||4||1||13||4
|1998||rowspan="2"|Santos||rowspan="2"|Série A||24||4||||||||||24||4
|1999/00||Porto||Portuguese Liga||21||1||||||||||21||1
|2000||Fluminense||Série A||18||1||||||||||18||1
|2001||rowspan="2"|Cruzeiro||rowspan="2"|Série A||0||0||||||||||0||0
|2002||18||4||||||||||18||4
|2003||Atlético Mineiro||Série A||6||2||||||||||6||2
|2004||Corinthians Paulista||Série A||13||1||||||||||13||1
|2004/05||Al-Ahli Jeddah||Professional League||0||0||||||||||0||0
|2005||Figueirense||Série A||13||4||||||||||13||4
|2005/06||rowspan="2"|Denizlispor||rowspan="2"|Süper Lig||12||3||||||||||12||3
|2006/07||9||0||||||||||9||0
Sukigara was born in Tokyo on April 2, 1966.
After graduating from University of Tsukuba, he joined Japan Soccer League club Yomiuri (later Verdy Kawasaki) in 1989.
However he could hardly play in the match at the club which had many Japan national team players.
In March 1994, he moved to Urawa Reds.
At Reds, the only match he played was against his old club Verdy.
In 1995, he moved to Japan Football League club Fukushima FC.
Although he played many matches, the club was disbanded in 1997.
In 1988, when Sukigara was a University of Tsukuba student, he was selected Japan national "B team" for 1988 Asian Cup.
|1989/90||rowspan="3"|Yomiuri||rowspan="3"|JSL Division 1||7||0||3||1||0||0||10||1
|1990/91||0||0||0||0||1||0||1||0
|1991/92||2||0||0||0||0||0||2||0
|1992||rowspan="3"|Verdy Kawasaki||rowspan="3"|J1 League||colspan="2"|-||0||0||1||0||1||0
|1993||0||0||0||0||3||0||3||0
|1994||Urawa Reds||J1 League||1||0||0||0||0||0||1||0
|1995||rowspan="3"|Fukushima FC||rowspan="3"|Football League||18||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||18||0
|1996||17||5||3||0||colspan="2"|-||20||5
|1997||22||7||3||1||colspan="2"|-||25||8
|1996||Sanfrecce Hiroshima||J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|1997||rowspan="2"|Brummell Sendai||rowspan="2"|Football League||19||0||0||0||0||0||19||0
|1998||23||4||3||0||4||0||30||4
|1999||Vegalta Sendai||Football League||20||4||0||0||2||1||22||5
Takahiro Kawamura (born 4 October 1979) is a Japanese professional athlete.
|1998||rowspan="7"|Júbilo Iwata||rowspan="7"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|2001||6||0||1||0||4||0||colspan="2"|-||11||0
|2002||16||0||1||0||6||1||colspan="2"|-||23||1
|2003||22||3||5||0||7||0||colspan="2"|-||34||3
|2004||21||1||5||0||6||0||6||1||38||2
|2005||16||1||3||0||2||0||5||0||26||1
|2006||Cerezo Osaka||J. League 1||21||2||1||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||24||2
|2007||Kawasaki Frontale||J. League 1||15||0||4||0||3||0||4||0||26||0
|2008||Júbilo Iwata||J. League 1||11||1||2||1||3||0||colspan="2"|-||16||2
|2009||Tokyo Verdy||J. League 2||32||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||32||0
|1992||rowspan="2"|Yamaha Motors||rowspan="2"|Football League||15||2||||||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||15||2
|1993||14||0||0||0||5||1||colspan="2"|-||19||1
|1994||rowspan="6"|Júbilo Iwata||rowspan="6"|J. League 1||37||1||1||0||4||0||colspan="2"|-||42||1
|1995||40||1||1||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||41||1
|1996||24||0||0||0||10||0||colspan="2"|-||34||0
|1997||26||0||2||0||9||0||colspan="2"|-||37||0
|1998||30||2||3||0||5||0||colspan="2"|-||38||2
|1999||8||0||0||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||9||0
|2000||rowspan="3"|Shimizu S-Pulse||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||9||0||2||0||3||0||colspan="2"|-||14||0
|2001||27||0||5||1||1||0||colspan="2"|-||33||1
|2002||16||0||1||0||6||0||1||0||24||0
|2003||Cerezo Osaka||J. League 1||16||0||0||0||3||0||colspan="2"|-||19||0
|1996||rowspan="2"|Urawa Red Diamonds||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|1998||Gamba Osaka||J. League 1||1||0||||||||||1||0
|1999||Vegalta Sendai||J. League 2||13||1||0||0||1||0||14||1
|2003||rowspan="3"|Tochigi||rowspan="3"|Football League||9||0||||||||||9||0
Yasumasa Nishino (born 14 September 1982) is a Japanese football player.
|2001||rowspan="5"|Júbilo Iwata||rowspan="5"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|2003||16||0||3||1||7||4||colspan="2"|-||26||5
|2004||9||1||1||0||3||3||3||1||16||5
|2005||Shimizu S-Pulse||J. League 1||17||0||1||0||4||0||colspan="2"|-||22||0
|2006||Júbilo Iwata||J. League 1||4||0||0||0||2||1||colspan="2"|-||6||1
|2007||rowspan="4"|Kyoto Sanga||J. League 2||21||3||1||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||22||3
|2008||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||12||0||2||1||2||0||colspan="2"|-||16||1
|2001||2||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||2||0
|2002||14||0||3||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||19||0
|2003||12||0||0||0||4||0||colspan="2"|-||16||0
|2004||0||0||0||0||1||0||1||0||2||0
|2004||Vissel Kobe||J. League 1||1||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||1||0
|2005||rowspan="2"|Júbilo Iwata||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|2007||rowspan="2"|Cerezo Osaka||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|2008||16||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||18||0
|2009||rowspan="2"|Ehime||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||45||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||46||0
Jorge Antônio Putinatti (born August 23, 1959) is a Brazilian professional athlete.
|1979||rowspan="8"|Palmeiras||rowspan="3"|Série A||5||2||||||||||5||2
|1980||17||5||||||||||17||5
|1981||4||0||||||||||4||0
|1982||Série B||0||0||||||||||0||0
|1983||rowspan="4"|Série A||20||5||||||||||20||5
|1984||13||6||||||||||13||6
|1985||18||5||||||||||18||5
|1986||23||2||||||||||23||2
|1987||rowspan="2"|Corinthians Paulista||rowspan="2"|Série A||9||0||||||||||9||0
|1988||Grêmio||Série A||21||3||||||||||21||3
|1989||Guarani||Série A||0||0||||||||||0||0
|1989||Santos||Série A||10||1||||||||||10||1
|1990||XV Novembro-Piracicaba||Série B||0||0||||||||||0||0
|1990/91||rowspan="5"|Nagoya Grampus||rowspan="2"|JSL Division 1||22||8||||||0||0||22||8
|1991/92||20||5||||||1||0||21||5
|1992||||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||colspan="2"|-||||||8||1||8||1
|1993||27||9||3||1||1||0||31||10
|1994||38||8||2||0||1||0||41||8
|1983||12||2
(March 21, 1666, Edo, Japan – February 28, 1728, Edo) was a Japanese philosopher who used the pen name Butsu Sorai in many of his writings.
He has been described as the most influential Confucian scholar during the Tokugawa period.
His main field of study was how Confucius' teachings could be used in government, and how they could influence the order of society as a whole.
At the time, Japan had problems with the government.
The economic model of mercantilism was used, but was not successful.
Japan was still using old institutions, but they had become weak because their members were extravagant (excessive).
Still, these institutions were dominant in society.
In Sorai's opinion, they used teachings such as The Way to justify their actions.
Sorai rejected the moral ways of Song Confucianism and looked at the older works instead.
He argued that allowing human emotions to express themselves was important.
For this reason, he tried to strengthen the position that Chinese literature had in Japan.
Sorai had a large following with his teachings and created the Sorai school, which would become an influential force in Japanese Confucian scholarship.
Sorai was born the second son of a samurai (a warrior) who was the personal physician of Tokugawa Tsunayoshi (徳川綱吉).
Tsunayoshi would  become the fifth shogun.
Sorai studied the Zhu Xi version of Song Confucianism, and by 1690 he became a private teacher of Chinese classics.
In 1696, he started serving Yanagisawa Yoshiyasu, a senior councilor to Tsunayoshi.
Tsunayoshi died in 1709.
At that time Sorai stopped using the teachings of Zhu Xi and started to develop his own philosophy and school.
Sorai is credited with the creation of kō shōgi, an unusual form of chess.
Sorai wrote many influential works where he showed what he thought were the two basic problems of the philosophy of Song Confucianism.
The first was with the bakufu-domain system, which by the eighteenth century was in trouble.
Sorai doubted that it was enough that each person wanted to find their ethical good.
He argued that solving the political crisis of the time required more than perfecting moral character.
He also saw that the Chinese sage kings were not only concerned with morality, but also with government itself.
The second point where Sorai disagreed with Song Confucianism was that he felt it was putting too much emphasis on morality and that it repressed human nature, because human nature was based on emotion.
He felt that these weaknesses were not weaknesses of Confucianism; in his view, Song Confucianists interpreted the classic works of the Four Books and the Five Classics the wrong way.
In Soraiu's view, they did this because they "did not know the old words".
Sorai consulted the ancient works to get more reliable knowledge.
He stated that the ultimate form of scholarly knowledge was history.
For him, these works were the best source, even though the present was constantly changing.
Sorai thought that study of philosophy began with the study of language.
In this he was highly influenced by the Ancient Rhetoric school of the Ming period.
This movement saw the Qin and Han periods as the model for prose, and the Tang period as a model for poetry.
The Sorai school introduced in Selections of Tang Poetry to Japan, where it became very popular.
This work is thought to have been edited by Li Panlong (李攀竜 1514-70), who was a founder of the Ancient Rhetoric school.
As a result of this, Sorai's school is  also known as the Ancient Rhetoric (kobunji 古文辞) school today.
Sorai's school saw Selections of Tang Poetry mainly as a means of accessing the Five Classics.
In this viewpoint it was different from other Confucianist schools.
Sorai would also accuse other Confucianists in Japan, such as Hayashi Razan, of relying too heavily on Song sources such as Zhu Xi.
Sorai also did not agree with other teachings of Song Confucianism.
One was that the Way was not a predetermined principle of the universe, but rather an establishment of men: the ancient sages had described it in the Confucianist classic works.
These provided for the Way, which was divided by rites (rei 礼) and music (gaku 楽).
The rites gave social order and music gave inspiration for the heart.
In this it directly allowed for the flow of human emotions, something that the moralist philosophy of Song Confucianism did not agree with.
Sorai argued for the opposite, and wanted people to be enriched through music and poetry.
He taught that literature should be cared for, because it was an important part of human expression.
As a result, Chinese writing began to thrive in Japan and became an accepted art form.
In this way, several great writers of Chinese composition of that time were followers of his school.
Sorai was a supporter of the samurai class.
While most old institution decline because of leadership problems, the samurai, he felt, were best able to solve this problem with a system of rewards and punishment.
Sorai also saw problems with the merchant class at the time: he accused them of conspiring to lock prices.
He did not support the lower classes either, though.
He argued, "What possible value can there be for the common people to overreach their proper station in life and study such books [as the Confucian classics]?"
Master Sorai's teachings
Master Sorai's Teachings is a record of Sorai's teaching and his exchanges with his students.
The text was edited by his own students and contained their questions followed by his answers.
The work was not released until 1724, but it is thought to have actually been written around 1720.
In it he writes that literature is not so much intended for instruction in morality or governance, rather it simply allows human's emotions to flow.
From this, answers to the former topics may be found.
While Sorai sought to redefine the sources of Tokugawa legitimacy, his purpose was clearly to strengthen the authority of the Tokugawa shogunate.
Some scholars criticised Sorai's work and found his teaching was impractical.
Goi Ranshū believed that Sorai was motivated to surpass Itō Jinsai, another leading Confucianist.
Goi thought that Sorai had used Itō's  arguments to the level of absurdity.
Goi felt that Sorai's teachings would cause a lot of damage to moral philosophy if they were followed.
Another scholar critical of Sorai's teachings was Nakai Chikuzan, who was also familiar with Goi's opposition to Ogyū Sorai.
Goi wrote his opposition to Sorai in his essay Hi-Butsu hen.
This essay was written in the 1730s, but not published until 1766.
The published essay had been edited by Chikuzan and his brother.
Nakai later wrote his own, highly emotional, response to Sorai's beliefs in his work Hi-Chō (1785).
In this work he rejected the idea that individuals could not improve themselves through moral choices.
He also claimed individuals were able judge if external ideas and actions were true or just.
Denial of these morals, he felt, would leave only "rites and rules" to be followed.
Regulations for Study (Gakusoku, 1715)
Distinguishing the Way (Bendō, 1717)
Master Sorai's Teachings (Sorai sensei tōmonsho, 1724)
Najita, Tetsuo. (
Visions of Virtue in Tokugawa Japan.
Shirane, Haruo. (
Early Modern Japanese Literature.
Totman, Conrad. (
Japan Before Perry.
Tucker, J., ed. (
Ogyu Sorai’s Philosophical Masterworks: The Bendo And Benmei (Asian Interactions and Comparisons).
Yamashita, Samuel Hideo. (
Master Sorai's Responsals: An Annotated Translation of Sorai Sensei Tōmonsho.
1666 births
Japanese philosophers
The term was first used by Marquis de Mirabeau in 1794.
Adam Smith made it known to a wider audience in 1776.
At that time, absolutism was the main form of government in Europe.
These regimes needed money to finance a large military, the many people who worked in the government.
The monarchs and princes also needed money in order to finance their lifestyle.
These governments were also very nationalistic.
For this reason, mercantilism is seen as a form of economic nationalism.
The theory of mercantilism holds that the prosperity of a nation depends on its supply of capital, and that the global volume of international trade is "unchangeable".
Economic assets (or capital) are bullion (gold, silver, and trade value) held by the state, and is best increased through a positive balance of trade with other nations (exports minus imports).
The theory assumes that wealth and monetary assets are identical.
Mercantilism suggests that the ruling government should advance these goals by playing a protectionist role in the economy by encouraging exports and discouraging imports, notably through the use of tariffs and subsidies.
The theory dominated Western European economic policies from the 16th to the late-18th century.
Maimonides was born in the Almoravid city of Córdoba in Spain, in 1135.
His Hebrew name was Moses ben Maimon.
He is also known as the Rambam, from the initial letters of his title and name, Rabbi Moshe ben Maimon.
Maimonides was a doctor by profession.
Maimonides was one of the most important Jewish philosophers of the Middle Ages.
He tried to show that the philosophy of the ancient Greek thinker, Aristotle, and Judaism supported each other.
Maimonides' main philosophical work was called The Guide for the Perplexed.
He wrote it in Arabic by 1190.
It has ideas from Aristotle's writings.
The Guide influenced Christian Aristotelian theologians, for example, Thomas Aquinas.
In 1168, Maimonides finished a commentary to the Mishnah, the written version of traditional Jewish oral law.
Maimonides completed these books, called Mishneh Torah, in about 1178.
They are one of the most important collections of Jewish laws.
When Maimonides was thirteen years old, the Almohads took Cordoba away from the Almoravid dynasty.
The Almohads were Muslims who were conquering Al-Andalus (Muslim Spain).
They forced all non-Muslims to leave, change their religion to Islam, or be killed.
This forced Maimonides' family to leave Cordoba.
They spent twelve years traveling and looking for a home.
During these years, he wrote the commentary on the Mishnah.
Finally, his family settled in Cairo, Egypt.
In 1166, Maimonides' father died and his brother drowned on a shipwreck in the Indian Ocean.
By this time, Maimonides was a very popular Jewish leader.
He helped the Jewish community in Cairo, Egypt.
He lived there for the last part of his life, and taught and wrote about Judaism.
He died in Cairo on December 13, 1204.
1135 births
Egyptian Jews
European Jews
There are 346 communes in Chile.
A commune is the most basic administration unit in the country.
They belong to one of the 54 provinces of Chile.
Chile: Ciudades, Pueblos, Aldeas and Caseríos 2005 (INE)
Censo Nacional de Población and Vivienda 2002 (INE)
Las trayectorias del Desarrollo Humano en las comunas de Chile (1994-2003)  (PNUD and Gobierno de Chile)
The Decemberists are a rock band from Portland, Oregon.
The band has folk rock influences.
The band is named after the Decembrist Revolt that happened in Russia in the 19th century.
The band likes to tell stories in their songs.
Lead singer Colin Meloy has stated that he has an interest in literature, especially from the Victorian era.
Castaways and Cutouts (2002)
Her Majesty the Decemberists (2003)
Picaresque (2005)
The Crane Wife (2006)
The Hazards of Love (2009)
The King Is Dead (2011)
What a Terrible World, What a Beautiful World (2015)
The Queen of Hearts (with Olivia Chaney as Offa Rex, 2017)
I'll Be Your Girl (2018)
The band's official website
was the 31st emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.
The years of the reign of Yōmei start in 585 and end in 587.
Historians consider details about the life of Emperor Yōmei to be possibly legendary, but probable.
The name Yōmei-tennō was created for him posthumously by later generations.
Emperor Yōmei was the fourth son of Emperor Kimmei.
His mother, Soga no Kitashihime, was a daughter of Soga no Iname.
Events of Yōmei's life
586: In the 14th year of Bidatsu's reign, the emperor died.
The succession (senso) received by Bidatsu's younger brother who would become Emperor Yōmei.
587, in the 4th month: Yōmei died and his body was placed in a coffin, but not buried.
His reign lasted only two years.
He died at the age of 69.
587, in the 5th month: There was armed conflict over the succession; and forces led by Prince Shōtoku and Soga no Umako overcame the opposition.
The throne passed to a younger brother who would become known as Emperor Shushun.
587, in the 7th month: The body of former Emperor Yōmei was buried.
Yōmei is venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine (misasagi) which is associated with the burial mound.
518 births
The Arica Province () is a province of Chile.
It belongs to the Arica and Parinacota (XV), the northernmost and the newest of the Chilean regions.
Arica province is on the coast of the Pacific Ocean.
(last national census), there were 186,488 people (91,742 men and 93,526 women) living in the province, giving it a population density of  inhabitants/km².
The largest city of the province is Arica, its  capital, with a population, in 2002, of 175,441 inhabitants.
As a province, Arica is a second-level administrative division, consisting of two communes (comunas): Arica in the northern portion and Camarones in the south.
The province is administered by a governor.
Municipality of Arica website
Official website of the Local Government
Arica Region
He is one of those who worked out the structure of DNA.
Using X-ray crystallography results from Maurice Wilkins' biophysics team at King's College London, Crick and James Watson discovered that DNA has what is called a "double helix structure".
This means that DNA is made of two chains wound round each other to make a spiral.
Only one of the chains carries information, but the two chains together makes the molecule more stable.
DNA is the basis of heredity for almost all forms of life today.
Crick, Watson and Wilkins won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for 1962.
Their work sparked a huge amount of research in molecular and cell biology and, as a result, many subsequent Nobel awards have been made.
During the mid-to-late 1950s Crick helped sort out the way proteins are synthesized.
In 1958, Crick's listed all the key features of the protein synthesis process:
genetic information stored in the sequence of DNA molecules
a messenger RNA molecule to carry the instructions for making one protein to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm
adaptor molecules ("they might contain nucleotides") to match short sequences of nucleotides in the RNA messenger molecules to specific amino acids
ribonucleic-protein complexes that catalyse the assembly of amino acids into proteins according to the messenger RNA
The adaptor molecules were eventually shown to be tRNAs and the catalytic "ribonucleic-protein complexes" became known as ribosomes.
An important step was later realization (in 1960) that the messenger RNA was not the same as the ribosomal RNA.
The next fundamental question was the exact nature of the genetic code.
In his 1958 article, Crick speculated, as had others, that a triplet of nucleotides could code for an amino acid.
Crick also used the term "central dogma" to summarize an idea that implies that genetic information flow between macro molecules would be essentially one-way:
DNA → RNA → Protein
In his thinking about the processes linking DNA genes to proteins, Crick made clear the distinction between the materials involved, the energy required, and the information flow.