the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
It separates Long Island, including the boroughs of Queens and Brooklyn, from the island of Manhattan and the Bronx.
Several bridges and tunnels cross the East River.
The Brooklyn Bridge is the oldest and most famous.
The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) founded on November 5, 1852 to represent members of the civil engineering profession worldwide is the oldest national engineering society in the United States.
Its world headquarters is in Reston, Virginia.
ASCE's mission is to provide essential value to its members and their careers; to its partners and to the public.
ASCE seeks to provide value by:
Developing leadership skills in its members and supporting civil engineer leaders;
Facilitating advancement of the technology utilized by the profession;
Encouraging and providing tools for lifelong learning within the profession;
Advocating infrastructure and environmental stewardship; and
Promoting professionalism and the civil engineering profession.
ASCE (Official Website)
Org Grassroots organization critical of the ASCE's investigation into the New Orleans area levee failures.
YouTube video Satire spoofing cozy relationship between ASCE and Army Corps of Engineers
Video about ASCE selected Seven Wonders of the Modern World.
A virtual satellite tour made with Google Earth (02:38)
Report Card Official Web Page 2009 Report Card for America's Infrastructure.
Tarbosaurus was a large carnivorous theropod dinosaur from Asia, especially Mongolia and China.
It was a tyrannosaurid dinosaur which flourished between 70 and 65 million years ago, at the end of the Cretaceous period.
Tarbosaurus lived in a humid floodplain criss-crossed by river channels.
In this environment, it was a predator at the top of the food chain, probably preying on other large dinosaurs like the hadrosaur Saurolophus or the sauropod Nemegtosaurus.
Tarbosaurus is known from dozens of specimens, with several complete skulls and skeletons.
These remains have allowed scientific studies on its phylogeny, skull mechanics, and brain structure.
Comparison with T. rex
Like its close North American relative Tyrannosaurus rex, it had a large head and powerful jaws, but was not top heavy.
Its huge skull was comparatively light, with large air pockets.
Many of its bones were hollow, making them strong but light, so they did not add excessive weight to this large predator.
Its skull was similar to that of Tyrannosaurus, but more rigid.
Also, because its skull was not so broad at the back, it did not have binocular vision like Tyrannosaurus.
In the lower jaw, a ridge on the outer surface of the angular bone articulated with the rear of the dentary bone, creating a locking mechanism unique to Tarbosaurus and Alioramus.
Other tyrannosaurids lacked this ridge and had more flexibility in the lower jaw.
Its forlimbs were small with two fingers, as with its larger relative.
The small, two-fingered, front limb is absolutely distinctive of tyrannosaurids.
The three-toed hind limbs were long and thick, supporting the body in a bipedal posture.
The long, heavy tail served as a counterweight to the head and torso and put the center of gravity over the hips.
Some scientists think the more rigid skull of Tarbosaurus was an adaptation to hunting the massive sauropods found in Asia, which did not exist in most of North America during the later Cretaceous.
"Both Asiatic and North American... tyrannosaurines [NAT] hunted large prey, whilst also being opportunistic scavengers.
However, the prey available to them were obviously different... the adult T. rex... probably specialized in bringing down large horned dinosaurs, like Triceratops... but this group was absent outside North America.
Thus, the Mongolian tyrannosaurines were forced to feed on sauropods... These differences in typical prey items might have exerted different selective pressures, concerning hunting strategy and mechanical requirements maximizing their success rate as predators".
"The new material studied in this paper allows us to speculate if the tyrannosaurines can be divided into NATs and an Asiatic group".
Torosaurus (meaning "pierced lizard") was a large, quadrupedal, plant-eating Ceratopsian dinosaur with three horns on its large head.
Torosaurus hatched from eggs and may have lived in herds.
Torosaurus lived during the Upper Cretaceous, about 70–65 million years ago, in what is now western North America.
It was similar to Triceratops.
Some had thought that Triceratops was a younger form of Torosaurus.
However, latest thinking is that the two are definitely different genera.<ref>Bowdler, Neil 2012.
BBC News Science & Environment.
Triceratops and Torosaurus dinosaurs 'two species, not one''' </ref> In 2011, 2012 and 2013, studies of external features of known specimens decided that shape and development differences mean the two genera are not synonyms.
The main problems in the "one genus" idea are: Farke A.A. 2011.
Anatomy and taxonomic status of the chasmosaurine ceratopsid Nedoceratops hatcheri from the Upper Cretaceous Lance Formation of Wyoming, U.S.A. PLoS ONE 6 (1): e16196.
A lack of good transitional forms,
The apparent existence of authentic Torosaurus'' subadults, different skull proportions independent of maturation
The hole formation at an adult stage is not part of a normal ceratopsian growth sequence.
Dung beetles are beetles that feed partly or only on the dung of mammals.
They are a kind of scarab beetle.
All these species belong to the superfamily Scarabaeoidea, and most of them to the family Scarabaeidae.
The subfamily Scarabaeinae alone has more than 5,000 species.
There are dung-feeding beetles in other related families, such as the Geotrupidae (the 'earth-boring dung beetles').
Many dung beetles, known as rollers, roll dung into balls, which are used as a food source or brooding chambers.
Other dung beetles, known as tunnelers, bury the dung wherever they find it.
A third group, the dwellers, neither roll nor burrow: they simply live in dung.
They are often attracted by the dung burrowing owls collect.
Dung beetles are not a single taxonomic group: dung feeding is found in a number  of beetle families.
The behaviour probably evolved more than once.
Coleoptera (order), beetles
Scarabaeoidea (superfamily), scarabs (most families in the group do not use dung)
Geotrupidae (family), "earth-boring dung beetles".
Scarabaeidae (family): scarab beetles (not all species use dung)
Scarabaeinae  (subfamily): true dung beetles.
Aphodiinae (subfamily): small dung beetles (not all species use dung).
Dung beetles live in many different habitats, including deserts, farmlands, forests, and grasslands.
They do not like extremely cold or dry weather.
They are found on all continents except Antarctica.
Dung beetles eat the dung of herbivores and omnivores, and prefer it to any other kind of dung.
They may also feed on mushrooms and rotting leaves and fruits.
One species living in South America, Deltochilum valgum, is a carnivore which eats millipedes.
Those that eat dung do not need to eat or drink anything else, because the dung provides all the necessary nutrients.
Most dung beetles search for dung using their sensitive sense of smell.
Some of the smaller species simply attach themselves to the dung-providers to wait for their reward.
After capturing the dung, a dung beetle will roll it, following a straight line despite all obstacles.
Sometimes dung beetles will try to steal the dung ball from another beetle, so the dung beetles have to move rapidly away from a dung pile once they have rolled their ball to prevent it from being stolen.
Dung beetles can roll up to 50 times their weight.
Male Onthophagus taurus beetles can pull 1,141 times their own body weight: the equivalent of an average person pulling six double-decker buses full of people.
In 2003, researchers found one species of dung beetle (the African Scarabaeus zambesianus) navigates by using polarization patterns in moonlight.
The discovery is the first proof any animal can use polarized moonlight for orientation.
The "rollers" roll and bury a dung ball either for food storage or to make a brooding ball.
In the latter case, two beetles, one male and one female, will be seen around the dung ball during the rolling process.
Usually it is the male that rolls the ball, with the female hitch-hiking or simply following behind.
In some cases the male and the female roll together.
When a spot with soft soil is found, they stop and bury the dung ball.
They will then mate underground.
After the mating, both or one of them will prepare the brooding ball.
When the ball is finished, the female lays eggs inside it.
Some species do not leave after this stage, but remain to safeguard their offspring.
The dung beetle goes through a complete metamorphosis.
The larvae live in brood balls made with dung prepared by their parents.
One idea is that the dung helps to keep parasitoids at bay.
During the larval stage, the grub feeds on the dung surrounding it.
The behavior of the beetles was much misunderstood until the studies of Jean Henri Fabre.
Fabre corrected the myth that a dung beetle would seek aid from other dung beetles when confronted by obstacles.
By painstaking observations and experiments, he found the seeming helpers were, in fact, robbers awaiting an opportunity to steal the roller's food source.
Bombardier beetles are ground beetles in the family Carabidae.
There are more than 500 species which are notable for their defence mechanism.
Most of them are found in rainforests.
When disturbed, the beetle squirts a poisonous chemical spray from special glands in its abdomen.
The ejection makes a popping sound.
When threatened, the beetle contracts muscles that force the two reactants through tubes into a mixing chamber containing water and enzymes.
The reactants undergo a violent chemical reaction which gives off heat.
This raises the temperature to near the boiling point of water.
Carabidae
Luigi Delneri (born 23 August 1950) is a former Italian football player.
Toshikazu Kato (born 28 May 1981) is a Japanese football player.
|2002||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||8||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||10||0
|2004||Thespa Kusatsu||Football League||15||2||0||0||colspan="2"|-||15||2
|2005||Mitsubishi Motors Mizushima||Football League||19||0||3||0||colspan="2"|-||22||0
|2006||rowspan="5"|V-Varen Nagasaki||rowspan="3"|Regional Leagues||15||1||1||0||colspan="2"|-||16||1
|2007||16||2||3||0||colspan="2"|-||19||2
|2009||rowspan="2"|Football League||26||5||2||0||colspan="2"|-||28||5
Hidekazu Tajiri (born 19 April 1975) is a former Japanese football player.
|2005||rowspan="5"|V-Varen Nagasaki||rowspan="4"|Regional Leagues||||||||||||
|2006||15||1||1||0||16||1
|2007||20||0||3||2||23||2
|2009||Football League||34||3||2||0||36||3
|2006||16||8||1||0||17||8
|2008||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|2009||Football League||0||0||0||0||0||0
Valentino Mazzola (26 January 1919 – 4 May 1949) was an Italian football player.
|1939/40||rowspan="3"|Venezia||rowspan="3"|Serie A||6||1
|1940/41||27||6
|1941/42||28||5
|1942/43||rowspan="5"|Torino||rowspan="5"|Serie A||30||11
|1945/46||35||16
|1946/47||38||29
|1947/48||37||25
|1948/49||30||16
|1947||4||1
|1949||2||1
Guillermo Barros Schelotto (born 4 May 1973) is a former Argentine football player.
Currently the First Team Coach of the Los Angeles Galaxy
|1991/92||rowspan="6"|Gimnasia y Esgrima La Plata||rowspan="6"|Primera División||22||4
|1992/93||36||8
|1993/94||34||6
|1994/95||29||6
|1995/96||24||6
|1996/97||33||14
|1997/98||rowspan="10"|Boca Juniors||rowspan="10"|Primera División||33||6
|1998/99||28||10
|1999/00||27||11
|2000/01||17||6
|2002/03||18||9
|2003/04||15||6
|2004/05||14||2
|2007||rowspan="4"|Columbus Crew||rowspan="4"|Major League Soccer||22||5
|2008||27||7
|2009||24||12
Otani was born in Hyogo Prefecture on August 31, 1912.
In May 1934, when he was a Kobe University of Commerce student, he was selected the Japan national team for Far Eastern Championship Games in Manila.
He also played against Philippines and Republic of China.
He played 3 games and scored 1 goal for Japan in 1934.
After graduation from Kobe University of Commerce, Otani retired from playing career and he joined Toyo Boseki.
He served as president from 1974 to 1978 and chairman from 1978 to 1983.
|1934||3||1
Hidekazu Orita (born 22 April 1961) is a former Japanese football player.
Hiroshi Kagawa (born 29 December 1924) is a former Japanese football player.
He is currently sports writer.
Wonderful speech from Hiroshi Kagawa during the ceremony.
Even the hardened of footballers will have lumps in their throats.
"I'm very proud to attend this wonderful ceremony," he begins. "
This is the greatest honour to be presented with this award.
"In 1979 Mr Blatter was part of the Fifa organising committee of a youth tournament in Japan.
Unfortunately my English has not made any progress since that tournament!
"So I was sceptical about coming to the this ceremony today.
But my friends in Japan said I must come - even if only to meet Manuel Neuer, Cristiano Ronaldo and Lionel Messi, and bring back some autographs."
FIFA Presidential Award 2014
Stanislav Varga (born 8 October 1972) is a former Slovak football player.
|1992/93||Tatran Prešov||First League||0||0
|1993/94||rowspan="5"|Tatran Prešov||rowspan="5"|Superliga||12||2
|1994/95||25||2
|1996/97||22||3
|1998/99||rowspan="2"|Slovan Bratislava||rowspan="2"|Superliga||28||3
|1999/00||28||9
|2000/01||rowspan="2"|Sunderland||rowspan="2"|Premier League||12||1
|2001/02||West Bromwich Albion||First Division||4||0
|2002/03||Sunderland||Premier League||0||0
|2002/03||rowspan="4"|Celtic||rowspan="4"|Premier League||1||0
|2006/07||rowspan="2"|Sunderland||League Championship||20||1
|2007/08||Premier League||0||0
|2007/08||Burnley||League Championship||10||0
Total||54||2
Albert Meyong (born 19 October 1980) is a Cameroonian football player.
He plays for Braga and Cameroon national team.
|1998/99||Ravenna||Serie B||7||2
|1999/00||rowspan="6"|Vitória FC||Portuguese Liga||9||2
|2000/01||Liga Honra||22||10
|2001/02||rowspan="2"|Portuguese Liga||29||3
|2003/04||Liga Honra||33||20
|2004/05||Portuguese Liga||33||11
|2005/06||Os Belenenses||Portuguese Liga||26||17
|2006/07||rowspan="2"|Levante||rowspan="2"|La Liga||11||1
|2007/08||Albacete Balompié||Segunda División||13||0
|2007/08||Os Belenenses||Portuguese Liga||1||1
|2008/09||rowspan="2"|Braga||rowspan="2"|Portuguese Liga||19||8
Bonaventure Kalou (born 12 January 1978) is a Côte d'Ivoire football player.
|1996||rowspan="2"|ASEC Mimosas||||22||4
|1997||||13||2
|1997/98||rowspan="6"|Feyenoord Rotterdam||rowspan="6"|Eredivisie||12||3
|1999/00||29||7
|2000/01||25||10
|2002/03||31||10
|2003/04||rowspan="2"|Auxerre||rowspan="2"|Ligue 1||32||10
|2004/05||31||9
|2005/06||rowspan="2"|Paris Saint-Germain||rowspan="2"|Ligue 1||28||9
|2007/08||Lens||Ligue 1||4||0
|2007/08||Al-Jazira||UAE League||1||1
|2008/09||rowspan="2"|Heerenveen||rowspan="2"|Eredivisie||19||2
Matías Fernández (born 15 May 1986) is a Chilean football player.
He plays for Sporting Portugal and Chile national team.
|2004||rowspan="3"|Colo-Colo||rowspan="3"|Primera División||23||8
|2005||29||9
|2006||30||20
|2006/07||rowspan="3"|Villarreal||rowspan="3"|La Liga||20||1
|2008/09||21||3
|2009/10||Sporting Portugal||Portuguese Liga||||
Jason Culina (born 5 August 1980) is an Australian football player.
He plays for Gold Coast United and Australia national team.
|1996/97||rowspan="2"|Sydney United||rowspan="2"|National Soccer League||15||1||||||||||15||1
|1997/98||20||1||||||||||20||1
|1998/99||Sydney Olympic||National Soccer League||21||1||||||||||21||1
|1999/00||Ajax||Eredivisie||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|2000/01||Germinal Beerschot Antwerpen||First Division||12||1||4||2||colspan="2"|-||16||3
|2001/02||Ajax||Eredivisie||0||0||4||0||0||0||4||0
|2002/03||De Graafschap||Eredivisie||24||1||4||2||colspan="2"|-||28||3
|2003/04||Ajax||Eredivisie||2||0||2||0||2||0||6||0
|2004/05||rowspan="2"|Twente||rowspan="2"|Eredivisie||32||11||2||0||colspan="2"|-||34||11
|2005/06||6||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||6||1
|2005/06||rowspan="4"|PSV Eindhoven||rowspan="4"|Eredivisie||23||0||4||2||2||0||29||2
|2006/07||28||1||5||1||8||0||41||2
|2007/08||18||1||3||0||4||0||25||1
|2008/09||29||1||4||0||6||0||39||1
|2009/10||Gold Coast United||A-League||||||||||||||||
Martin Laursen (born 26 July 1977) is a former Danish football player.
|1995/96||rowspan="3"|Silkeborg||rowspan="3"|Superliga||1||0
|1997/98||22||1
|1998/99||rowspan="3"|Hellas Verona||Serie B||6||0
|1999/00||rowspan="2"|Serie A||19||2
|2001/02||rowspan="3"|Milan||rowspan="3"|Serie A||22||2
|2004/05||rowspan="5"|Aston Villa||rowspan="5"|Premier League||12||1
|2007/08||38||6
Libor Sionko (born 1 February 1977) is a Czech football player.
He plays for Sparta Prague and Czech Republic national team.
|1993/94||Baník Ostrava||Gambrinus liga||1||0
|1994/95||rowspan="2"|Železárny Třinec||rowspan="2"|2.
Liga||0||0
|1995/96||12||3
|1996/97||Znojmo||||||
|1997/98||rowspan="2"|Baník Ostrava||rowspan="2"|Gambrinus liga||18||3
|1999/00||rowspan="5"|Sparta Prague||rowspan="5"|Gambrinus liga||25||5
|2001/02||28||8
|2002/03||17||5
|2003/04||14||4
|2003/04||Graz||Bundesliga||6||0
|2004/05||rowspan="2"|Austria Wien||rowspan="2"|Bundesliga||32||2
|2005/06||31||6
|2006/07||Rangers||Premier League||18||3
|2007/08||rowspan="3"|Copenhagen||rowspan="3"|Superliga||27||5
|2008/09||23||4
|2009/10||Sparta Prague||Gambrinus liga||||
A lightning arrester is a device that is used to switch a lightning strike from something such as a television antenna to a metal rod about two meters long that is buried in the ground.
If a lightning arrester is not used, then the lightning will go through the television set and burn it out.
A "lightning arrester" does not really "arrest" or stop lightning.
It "diverts" or changes the way lightning goes so that it ends up going into the ground instead of going into a television set or other device that it could hurt.
At the suggestion of his former art teacher, Szőke Gyula, he studied art at the art university in Craiova (1910-1911).
Later Macalik studied at the art university in Budapest (1914-1918).
Macalik influenced the cultural life in Oradea.
StarHub TV is a cable television service in Singapore.
It is owned by StarHub Limited.
The cable network has been operating since 1991.
It was then operated by Singapore Cable Vision (SCV).
By 1996, SCV had built a S$600 million broadband cable network across the country.
In 2002, SCV merged with StarHub, and was renamed StarHub Cable Vision.
In 2007, StarHub Cable Television was rebranded as StarHub TV.
It is the only cable television service in Singapore.
It was previously also the only pay television service in the country until 2007, when mio TV was launched.
On 30 April 2010, channel numbers for StarHub TV was overhauled into a three-digit numbering system, allowing easier recall for subscribers.
The channels were also classified into eight categories based on the channel's genre and its first number.
Since 2010, many channels were made to free-viewing for a brief period of time to commemorate a holiday.
Its first free preview was held between 28 May to 13 June due to a school holiday.
Since then, a weeklong free previewing of channels were held on other major public holidays.
On 1 August 2010, StarHub TV will cease broadcasting the Barclays English Premier League for the 2010/11, 2011/12 and 2012/13 seasons as it did not procure the rights to do so.
Its carriage of Goal TV 1, Goal TV 2, ESPN, STAR Sports and STAR Cricket will also cease at the same time.
The ESS channels were unavailable on StarHub's platform for two years until in December 2012, it was announced that ESPN, STAR Sports and STAR Cricket will return to StarHub on 14 December on a non-exclusive basis.
The channel was revived after StarHub TV acquired its rights to broadcast the 2018-19 season of UEFA Champions League.
StarHub TV's official website
StarHub TV's Online Programme Guide
Singaporean companies
MediaCorp is a Singapore-owned media company that provides free to air channels (free channels).
It is made up of different companies.
MediaCorp TV - company in charge of FTA channels
MediaCorp Radio - company in charge of radio stations
MediaCorp TV
MediaCorp TV(Also known as MediaCorp TV Pte Ltd) has a total of 7 channels under it.
MediaCorp Radio
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a test used by physicians and other medical professionals to see if the kidneys are working correctly.
In basic terms, it is a measurement of how much liquid and waste is passing from the blood through the tiny filters in the kidney, called the glomeruli, and out into the urine during each minute.
The test measures how much creatinine is in the blood.
This shows how well the kidneys are performing.
In a normal healthy person the GFR stays close to the same value all of the time.
The test is done by taking blood from a person and sending it to a laboratory.
Normal values are between 90ml/min and 110ml/min.
A value below 60ml/minute means the person has chronic renal disease and a value below 15ml/minute means the person's kidneys have stopped working.
Reasons for doing the test
Measurement of the GFR can be very helpful to medical professionals.
It helps them decide if a person has a disease of the kidneys or not.
A normal value for GFR is between 90-110ml/min.
This will normally go down in older people.
It will also go down in people with kidney disease.
As well as helping a medical professional diagnose a kidney disease, the GFR is also used to monitor the progress of a disease.
Method of testing
The test begins by taking blood from a person's veins.
The most common places are the vein in the elbow and the veins on the back of the hands.
People usually feel a sharp stinging pain when the needle enters their skin.
After the blood is drawn out, it is sent to a medical laboratory where a laboratory technician calculates the GFR.
It is possible to calculate an exact value for the GFR but this is rarely done any more.
Most of the time, the value is estimated (this is called an eGFR).
The basis for this estimate is a chemical in the blood called creatinine.
The calculation may also include things such as gender, age, height, weight, and race.
Getting an exact measurement needs more tests and special equipment.
Doctors now normally use the estimated GFR with signs, symptoms and the medical history given by the patient to come to a diagnosis.
A final diagnosis of kidney disease may sometimes be made by a pathologist using tests such as a kidney biopsy.
There are some slight risks when this test is done.
These include, too much bleeding from the needle entering the skin and vein, blood collecting under the skin, feeling faint, and infection from the skin being pierced by the needle.
Functions that make up the GFR
There are many functions that make up the GFR.
These include: nitrogen based waste, sodium (salt), water, potassium, phosphate, and some medicines dissolved in the plasma such as digoxin and gentamicin.
Blood pressure, the balance of acids to bases, the release of erythropoietin (a chemical that tells the body to make more red blood cells).
The activation of vitamin D1, the formation of glucose in the fasting state, and the creation of peptide hormones (including insulin) all affect the GFR.
A GFR of less than 60ml/minute for three or more months indicates chronic kidney disease.
A GFR of less than 15ml/minute indicates full failure of the kidneys.
GFR estimates between 60 and 89 mL/minute do not mean a person has chronic kidney disease unless there are other signs of disease.
People with either higher than normal amounts of muscle mass, such as bodybuilders or people with lower than normal amounts of muscle mass, such as amputees or people with muscle wasting disorders (when the muscles become less dense than normal) can have GFR test results that do not appear normal, but may still be normal.
A medical professional will explain the meaning of any GFR test done on a patient.
Renal function
The Kidneys and How They Work
Glomerular filtration rate - GPNotebook
Sutton United Football Club is a professional football club in Sutton, London.
They play in League Two, the fourth division of English football.
In 1970, they beat Coventry City, who were in Division One then, in the FA Cup, last time a non-league club beat a major league club.
Freaky Friday is a 1976 American fantasy comedy movie starring Jodie Foster and Barbara Harris as a teenage daughter and her mother who switch bodies.
It is based on a novel of the same name by Mary Rodgers.
1976 comedy movies
Body swapping in fiction
Dairy Queen is an international chain of fast food restaurants started by John Fremont McCullough on June 22, 1940 in Joliet, Illinois.
Dairy Queen's menu is mostly soft serve ice cream, hamburgers, hot dogs and chicken.
(withdrew around 1999)
(withdrew in the 2000s)
(withdrew in the 1990s)
(withdrew in 1999; expected to reenter)
(withdrew in the 2010s)
(withdrew in 2016)
(withdrew in May 2016)
(withdrew in the 2000s, expected to reenter)
(withdrew in 2000)
Fallout: A Post Nuclear Role Playing Game (usually just called Fallout) is a role-playing game for the computer.
It was made by Black Isle Studios.
It was completed in 1998.
It is sometimes called Fallout 2 because it is the second game in the Fallout series.
It takes place 1000 years after nuclear bombs have turned the Earth into a desert, and destroyed all the governments.
The player controls the character by using the mouse to make the character go places.
When the character gets there, the player can make the character do other things.
Some things the character can do are fighting, stealing, and talking.
When the player is done playing in one town or place, he or she can use a map to get to a new place.
Because life is hard in the game, there are people who need help in every town.
The player can choose to help the good guys or the bad guys (or both).
Helping the good guys gives "karma points."
Helping the bad guys costs karma points.
A very evil character will have negative karma.
No matter who the player helps, the character gets "experience points," which help the character get better at doing things.
The world is full of danger.
There are people who will try to kill the character and take his stuff, and there are dangerous mutant animals that will try to eat the character.
When this happens, the player must fight.
Combat in Fallout is like chess, because every character gets a turn.
If the player attacks a character, then that character cannot act until the player is done with that attack.
Then the character gets a turn to attack the player.
This goes on, back and forth, until one of them dies or runs away.
Some characters can do more actions per turn, depending on how long it takes to do the action, and how much agility the character has.
More agile characters can do more actions per turn.
The player and other characters in Fallout can attack with their fists, with hand-held weapons like sledgehammers, with thrown weapons like grenades and with guns.
Guns can be as small as pistols, or as large as gatling guns.
There are even energy weapons, such as lasers.
In 2077, nuclear war erupted between the United States and China.
Most of the people on Earth died, and the world became a desert.
Fortunately, the United States government had already built underground fallout shelters called "Vaults," where some of the people went to survive.
The player character was born in Vault 13, in what had been California.
The people living in the vault were too scared to ever come out of the Vault, so they stayed inside it for 84 years.
Then, the computer chip that makes their water safe to drink breaks down.
The Vault does not have any extra "water chips," so they send the player character into the desert to find a new one.
He or she has 150 days to do, or else the people in the Vault will die.
One interesting thing about Fallout is its "retrofuturistic" style.
Retrofuturism means that, although the game is set in the future ("-futurism"), it looks like the past ("retro-").
Another way of explaining retrofuturism would be to say that the game shows the kind of future that people in the past would have imagined.
Specifically, Fallout is the future as 1955 America might have seen it.
This can be seen in the themes of the game -- fear of nuclear war and a need for fallout shelters for safety -- and in the artistic style, or "looks" of the game.
For example, all computers in Fallout contain either vacuum tubes or magnetic tape reels.
Of course no one at Interplay in 1997 thought that there would be vacuum tubes in the future, but they put them in the game for style.
Many famous actors voiced some of the characters in Fallout.
These include Richard Dean Anderson from MacGyver, David Warner from Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country, Tony Shalhoub from Monk, Brad Garrett from Everybody Loves Raymond, Keith David from There's Something About Mary, Richard Moll from Night Court, and Tony Jay from ReBoot.
Also, Ron Perlman from Hellboy was the narrator in the opening credits.
A lot of the people who worked on the game later joined Black Isle Studios, a smaller company inside Interplay that just made role-playing games.
One of the games Black Isle Studios made was Fallout 2.
After Interplay shut Black Isle Studios down, many of those game-makers went on to start Obsidian Entertainment, the game company that made Fallout: New Vegas in 2010.
Fallout was very popular when it came out, and continues to be remembered as a great game.
It was ranked #4 on PC Gamer's list of top games of all time in 2001.
It was named #5 on the IGN list of the top 25 PC games of all time in 2007, and #19 in 2009.
The year it came out it was awarded "RPG of the Year" by GameSpot, and is now on their "Greatest Games of All Time" list.
Fallout was ranked #55 on IGN's 2005 top 100 games of all time, and #33 in 2007.
The Fallout Wiki
Hamilton is the capital city of Bermuda.
The population of Hamilton as of 2006 is 902.
The Brooklyn Museum is the second-largest art museum in New York City.
It is also one of the largest in the United States.
The museum is at 200 Eastern Parkway, in the New York City borough of Brooklyn.
Arnold L. Lehman is the museum's Director.
The Brooklyn Museum has more than one-and-a-half million objects.
Some of these pieces of art are from as long ago as ancient Egypt while others are very recent.
The museum is a 560,000 square foot (52,000 m²), Beaux-Arts building.
Approximately 500,000 people visit the museum each year.
The Brooklyn Museum was started by Augustus Graham in 1897.
The building has a steel frame  It was designed by McKim, Mead, and White and built by the Carlin Construction Company.
Daniel Chester French, the man who made the Lincoln Memorial, made two allegorical figures, Brooklyn and Manhattan (carved in 1916, and moved to the museum in 1963), and of the figures on the building.
Thomas S. Buechner was made the museum's director in 1960.
Buechner made a large change in the way the museum displayed the art.
Also one thousand pieces of art that had been in the museum's archives were put back on display.
The Brooklyn Museum changed its name to Brooklyn Museum of Art in 1997.
On March 12, 2004, the museum announced that it would revert to its old name, the Brooklyn Museum.
In 2005, the museum was one of 406 New York City arts and social service institutions to get part of $20 million  from the Carnegie Corporation, made possible by a donation by New York City mayor Michael Bloomberg.
Art and exhibitions
In 2002, the museum bought the work The Dinner Party by artist Judy Chicago.
It has been in the museum's Elizabeth A. Sackler Center for Feminist Art since 2007.
In 2008, Edna Russman said that a third of the Coptic art in the museum's collection, the second-largest in North America, is fake.
Of 30 works of art from the late 4th through the 7th century AD, Russman believes 10 are faked.
They have been displayed since 2009.
In 2000, the Brooklyn Museum started the Student Museum Apprentice Program.
The museum hires teens ages 13–17, to give tours in the museum during the summer, help with the museum's weekend family programs during the year, and help plan teen events.
Brooklyn Museum website
Centrosaurus is a genus of herbivorous ceratopsian dinosaurs from the Upper Cretaceous of Canada.
Their remains have been found in the Dinosaur Park Formation, dating from 76.5 to 75.5 million years ago.
Centrosaurus was first discovered near the Red Deer River in Alberta.
Vast bonebeds of Centrosaurus were found in Dinosaur Provincial Park, also in Alberta.
Some of these beds extend for hundreds of meters and contain thousands of individuals of all ages and all levels of completion.
This would be explained if they had perished while trying to cross a flooded river.
A discovery of thousands of Centrosaurus fossils near the town of Hilda, Alberta, is believed to be the largest bed of dinosaur bones ever discovered.
The area is now known as the Hilda mega-bonebed.
The genus Centrosaurus is now understood to include the fossils which used to be classified as Monoclonius.
Tenontosaurus is a genus of medium- to large-sized ornithopod dinosaur.
It was formerly thought to be a 'hypsilophodont', but since Hypsilophodontia is no longer considered a clade, it is now considered to be a very primitive iguanodont.
Victoria Crawford (born June 30, 1986 in Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida) better known by her stage name Alicia Fox is an American  retired professional pro wrestler she is best known for wrestling for World Wrestling Entertainment, Where She is a former WWE Divas Champion.
The whole order is camouflaged as either sticks or leaves.
Leaf insects are generally the family Phylliidae.
They are found in south and southeast Asia to New Zealand.
The name Phasmatodea comes from the Ancient Greek phasma, meaning an apparition or phantom.
The order has a worldwide distribution, but most species are found in the tropics.
These tropic species vary from stick-like species to those resembling bark, leaves and even moss or lichen.
The stick insect can sometimes reach over 13 inches (33 cm) long.
The longest is Chan's megastick.
A few species, such as Carausius morosus, are even able to change their pigmentation to match their surroundings.
Many species are wingless, or have reduced wings.
Phasmids are herbivorous, feeding mostly on the leaves of trees and shrubs.
Their eggs are usually camouflaged, look like plant seeds, and may remain dormant for a full season or more before hatching.
The nymphs are born already closely resembling the adults.
Stick insects make rhythmic, repetitive side-to-side movements.
This is like vegetation moving in the wind.
This is used to stick bug people.
Also, the swaying movements may help the insects see objects against the background.
Rocking movements by these sedentary (sitting) insects may replace flying or running as way to define objects in the visual field.
Some species of phasmid are able to produce a defensive spray when threatened.
The spray contains pungent-smelling volatile molecules which the insect gets from its food plant.
The spray from one species, Megacrania nigrosulfurea, is even used as a treatment for skin infections by a tribe in Papua New Guinea by virtue of its antibacterial constituents.
Mating involves long pairings.
A record among insects, the Indian stick insect Necroscia sparaxes was seen coupled for 79 days at a time.
It is not uncommon for this species to assume the mating posture for days or weeks on end, and among some species (Diapheromera veliei Walsh and D. Covilleae), pairing has been seen to last three to 136 hours in captivity.
They are unusual in that the whole order is camouflaged.
They are all mimics of their natural background.
Some species (such as O. macklotti and Palophus centaurus) are covered in mossy or lichenous outgrowths that supplement their disguise.
Some species can change color as their surroundings shift (B. scabrinota, T. californica).
Many species have a rocking motion, where the body sways from side to side, like leaves or twigs swaying in the breeze.
The nocturnal feeding habits of adults also helps them to hide from predators.
Secondary defences
They may play dead.
That is called "thanatosis".
They often use "startle displays" for defence if discovered and threatened.
As a predator approaches, they flash bright colors and make a loud noise.
Some species, drop to the undergrowth to escape, and open their wings momentarily during free fall to show bright colors that disappear when the insect lands.
Others will maintain their display for up to 20 minutes, hoping to frighten the predator and convey the appearance of a larger size.
Some accompany the visual display with noise made by rubbing together parts of the wings or antennae.
Some species, such as the young nymphs of E. tiaratum, have been observed to curl the abdomen upwards over the body and head to resemble ants or scorpions in an act of mimicry, another defence mechanism by which the insects avoid becoming prey.
When threatened, some phasmids have femoral spines on the front legs (O. martini, Eurycantha calcarata, Eurycantha horrida, D. veiliei, D. covilleae).
They curl the abdomen upward and repeatedly swinging the legs together, grasping at the threat.
If the menace is caught, the spines can draw blood and inflict considerable pain.
Noxious chemicals may be used.
A number of species have glands at the front which release chemical compounds.
These chemicals may give off unpleasant smells or cause a stinging, burning sensation in the eyes and mouth of a predator.
Recent research suggests they manufacture their own chemical defense substances.
Some species employ a shorter-range defensive secretion, where individuals bleed reflexively through the joints of their legs and the seams of the exoskeleton when bothered.
The blood contains distasteful additives.
Stick insects, like their distant relation the grasshopper, can also discharge the contents of their stomachs through vomiting when harassed, a fluid considered uneatable by some predators.
Their natural camouflage can make them extremely difficult to spot.
Phasmatodea can be found all over the world in warmer zones, especially the tropics and subtropics.
The greatest diversity is found in Southeast Asia and South America, followed by Australia.
Phasmids also have a considerable presence in the continental United States, mainly in the Southeast.
Phasmatidae: the stick insects (there are some other families)
Phylliidae: the leaf insects
Extra time is more time added to a game if the score is tied at the end of normal time.
Some sports do not allow some of all of their games to end in a tie.
In score notation (notes about the score of the game), it is often written by the letters ET or a.e.t.
a.e.t stands for "after extra time".
In tournament play, where only the winner continues to the next round, professional association football add 30 minutes of extra time to the game.
The extra time is made up of two 15-minute periods.
If a game is still tied after extra time, it is usually decided by kicks from the penalty mark, commonly called a penalty shootout.
Extra time is also used in other sports.
Some of these sports are rugby union and rugby league, where extra time is usually 20 minutes long.
In Australian rules football, two five-minute extra time periods are played in knockout finals matches when scores are tied at the end of the final quarter.
In Gaelic football (and hurling), two halves of ten minutes are played after a draw.
In major Gaelic football tournaments, extra time is only used if a replay finishes in a tie.
In field hockey matches, extra time of 7½ minutes each way is played.
In North American sports, extra time is usually referred to as "overtime"; for ice hockey, it is usually "sudden death", which means that the overtime period ends with the first score made.
In college football, a system of alternating possessions beginning at the opponent's 25-yard line is used which plays out similarly to extra innings in baseball in that each team receives a chance to score, and if the game is still tied, another iteration occurs.
Olivier Kapo (born 27 September 1980) is a French football player.
|1998/99||rowspan="6"|Auxerre||rowspan="4"|Division 1||1||0
|2002/03||rowspan="2"|Ligue 1||21||6
|2004/05||Juventus||Serie A||14||0
|2005/06||Monaco||Ligue 1||25||5
|2006/07||Levante||Ligue 1||30||5
|2007/08||Birmingham City||Premier League||26||5
|2008/09||rowspan="2"|Wigan Athletic||rowspan="2"|Premier League||19||1
|2009/10||Boulogne||Ligue 1||16||2
Frédéric Déhu (born 24 October 1972) is a former French football player.
|1991/92||rowspan="8"|Lens||rowspan="8"|Division 1||15||1
|1994/95||29||1
|1995/96||35||1
|1996/97||30||5
|1997/98||32||1
|1999/00||Barcelona||La Liga||10||0
|2000/01||rowspan="4"|Paris Saint-Germain||rowspan="2"|Division 1||23||0
|2001/02||29||4
|2002/03||rowspan="2"|Ligue 1||31||1
|2004/05||rowspan="2"|Olympique Marseille||rowspan="2"|Ligue 1||27||0
|2005/06||30||1
|2006/07||Levante||La Liga||12||1
Félix Dja Ettien (born 26 September 1979) is a Ivory Coast football player.
He has played for Ivory Coast national team.
|1997/98||rowspan="11"|Levante||Segunda División||7||0
|1998/99||Segunda División B||26||2
|1999/00||rowspan="5"|Segunda División||38||2
|2004/05||La Liga||34||2
|2005/06||Segunda División||31||3
|2006/07||rowspan="2"|La Liga||34||2
Matthew Connolly (born 24 September 1987) is an English football player.
|2006/07||0||0||0||0||2||0||2||0
|2006/07||Bournemouth||League One||5||1||2||0||0||0||7||1
|2007/08||Colchester United||League Championship||16||2||0||0||0||0||16||2
|2007/08||rowspan="3"|Queens Park Rangers||rowspan="3"|League Championship||20||0||1||0||0||0||21||0
|2008/09||35||0||0||0||4||0||39||0
Mark Randall (born 28 September 1989) is an English footballer.
|2006/07||rowspan="2"|Arsenal||rowspan="2"|Premier League||0||0||0||0||2||0||0||0||2||0
|2007/08||1||0||0||0||2||0||0||0||3||0
|2007/08||Burnley||League Championship||10||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||10||0
|2008/09||rowspan="2"|Arsenal||rowspan="2"|Premier League||1||0||0||0||3||0||2||0||6||0
|2009/10||0||0||0||0||2||0||0||0||2||0
|2009/10||Milton Keynes Dons||League One||16||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||16||0
Sportspeople from Buckinghamshire
Bernard Mendy (born 20 August 1981) is a French football player.
|1998/99||rowspan="2"|Caen||rowspan="2"|Division 2||4||0
|2000/01||rowspan="2"|Paris Saint-Germain||rowspan="2"|Division 1||19||0
|2002/03||Bolton Wanderers||Premier League||21||0
|2003/04||rowspan="5"|Paris Saint-Germain||rowspan="5"|Ligue 1||33||0
|2008/09||rowspan="2"|Hull City||rowspan="2"|Premier League||28||2
Mario Yepes (born 13 January 1976) is a Colombian retired footballer.
He played for Deportivo Cali, Cortuluá, River Plate, F.C. Nantes, Paris Saint-Germain, ChievoVerona, A.C. Milan, Atalanta, San Lorenzo, and Colombia national team.
|1994||rowspan="3"|Cortuluá||rowspan="3"|Primera A||4||0
|1995/96||40||4
|1996/97||rowspan="3"|Deportivo Cali||rowspan="3"|Primera A||0||0
|1998||48||6
|1999/00||rowspan="3"|River Plate||rowspan="3"|Primera División||29||2
|2000/01||33||2
|2001/02||14||2
|2001/02||rowspan="3"|Nantes Atlantique||Division 1||11||0
|2002/03||rowspan="2"|Ligue 1||33||2
|2004/05||rowspan="4"|Paris Saint-Germain||rowspan="4"|Ligue 1||32||3
|2006/07||24||1
|2008/09||rowspan="2"|ChievoVerona||rowspan="2"|Serie A||32||0
|2013||7||2
Yepes is married to a Colombian woman named Carolina Villegas.
Yepes and his wife have three children.
His son Luciano Yepes was born in May 2002, his second son Valentino Yepes was born in September 2012, and his daughter Miranda Yepes was born in April 2005.
Cristian Rodríguez (born 30 September 1985) is an Uruguayan football player.
He plays for Porto and the Uruguayan national team.
|2002||rowspan="3"|Peñarol||rowspan="3"|Primera División||6||0
|2003||21||2
|2005/06||rowspan="2"|Paris Saint-Germain||rowspan="2"|Ligue 1||11||0
|2007/08||Benfica||Portuguese Liga||24||6
|2008/09||rowspan="2"|Porto||rowspan="2"|Portuguese Liga||29||6
Mikel Alonso (born 16 May 1980) is a Spanish football player.
He plays for Tenerife.
|2000/01||rowspan="4"|Real Sociedad||rowspan="4"|La Liga||1||0
|2002/03||9||1
|2003/04||Numancia Soria||Segunda División||10||1
|2004/05||rowspan="3"|Real Sociedad||rowspan="3"|La Liga||35||0
|2005/06||37||1
|2007/08||Bolton Wanderers||Premier League||7||0
|2008/09||Real Sociedad||Segunda División||0||0
|2008/09||rowspan="2"|Tenerife||Segunda División||11||0
Xabier Prieto (born 29 August 1983) is a Spanish football player.
He plays for Real Sociedad.
|2003/04||rowspan="7"|Real Sociedad||rowspan="4"|La Liga||11||2
|2007/08||rowspan="3"|Segunda División||36||4
Aitor López Rekarte (born 18 August 1975) is a former Spanish football player.
|1997/98||rowspan="10"|Real Sociedad||rowspan="10"|La Liga||31||1
|2002/03||37||0
|2007/08||Almería||La Liga||10||0
|2008/09||Eibar||Segunda División||2||0
Jurica Vranješ (born 31 January 1980) is a Croatian football player.
|1997/98||rowspan="3"|Osijek||rowspan="3"|Prva HNL||14||1
|1998/99||25||5
|1999/00||rowspan="4"|Bayer Leverkusen||rowspan="4"|Bundesliga||2||0
|2000/01||21||0
|2003/04||rowspan="2"|Stuttgart||rowspan="2"|Bundesliga||22||0
|2005/06||rowspan="4"|Werder Bremen||rowspan="4"|Bundesliga||29||1
|2006/07||25||4
Javier Aguirre (born 1 December 1958) is a Mexican football player turned manager.
|1979/80||América||Primera División||7||1
|1980||Los Angeles Aztecs||NASL||30||4
|1980/81||rowspan="4"|América||rowspan="4"|Primera División||30||6
|1981/82||34||6
|1982/83||34||12
|1983/84||30||7
|1984/85||rowspan="2"|Atlante||rowspan="2"|Primera División||31||3
|1986/87||Osasuna||La Liga||13||0
|1987/88||rowspan="6"|Guadalajara||rowspan="6"|Primera División||32||4
|1988/89||32||3
|1990/91||31||4
|1983||5||2
|1984||15||4
|1985||19||2
Total||57||12
Erwin Koeman (born 20 September 1961) is a former Dutch football player.
|1978/79||Groningen||Eerste Divisie||6||0
|1979/80||rowspan="3"|PSV Eindhoven||rowspan="3"|Eredivisie||8||1
|1980/81||17||4
|1981/82||18||3
|1982/83||rowspan="3"|Groningen||rowspan="3"|Eredivisie||33||15
|1983/84||28||11
|1984/85||28||13
|1985/86||rowspan="5"|Mechelen||rowspan="5"|First Division||20||2
|1986/87||28||5
|1988/89||28||7
|1989/90||16||3
|1990/91||rowspan="4"|PSV Eindhoven||rowspan="4"|Eredivisie||27||3
|1991/92||29||3
|1992/93||19||4
|1994/95||rowspan="4"|Groningen||rowspan="4"|Eredivisie||27||6
Ivica Osim (born 6 May 1941) is a former Bosnia and Herzegovina football player.
|1960/61||rowspan="8"|Željezničar Sarajevo||||21||10
|1961/62||||0||0
|1962/63||rowspan="6"|First League||26||8
|1963/64||26||8
|1964/65||27||9
|1965/66||1||1
|1966/67||26||8
|1967/68||23||9
|1968/69||Zwolsche Boys||Tweede Divisie||2||0
|1968/69||rowspan="3"|Željezničar Sarajevo||rowspan="3"|First League||18||3
|1969/70||33||6
|1970/71||3||0
|1970/71||rowspan="2"|Strasbourg||Division 1||29||4
|1971/72||Division 2||29||12
|1972/73||rowspan="3"|Sedan Mouzon Ardennes||rowspan="2"|Division 1||37||7
|1973/74||34||4
|1974/75||Division 2||34||5
|1975/76||Valenciennes-Anzin||Division 1||30||1
|1976/77||rowspan="2"|Strasbourg||Division 2||29||4
|1977/78||Division 1||3||0
Total||16||8
The Jewish cemetery of Besançon is the only Jewish cemetery in Besançon.
It was established in 1796 by the Jewish community of the city.
In 1839, an additional parcel was added to the cemetery.
In 1918 a memorial for the Jews who came from Besançon and were killed during the First World War was placed in the cemetery.
Alcides Ghiggia (22 December 1926 – 16 July 2015) was a former Uruguayan-Italian football player.
He has played for Uruguay national team and Italy national team.
|1953/54||rowspan="8"|Roma||rowspan="8"|Serie A||34||4
|1954/55||26||2
|1955/56||28||4
|1956/57||27||4
|1957/58||29||2
|1958/59||29||1
|1959/60||17||1
|1960/61||11||1
|1961/62||Milan||Serie A||4||0
The United States Army Center of Military History is a United States Army program.
It writes history books and does research for the United States Army.
Marko Babić (born 28 January 1981) is a Croatian football player.
|1997/98||rowspan="3"|Osijek||rowspan="3"|Prva HNL||1||0
|1999/00||rowspan="8"|Bayer Leverkusen||rowspan="8"|Bundesliga||0||0
|2003/04||32||6
|2007/08||rowspan="2"|Real Betis Balompié||rowspan="2"|La Liga||10||0
|2008/09||Hertha Berlin||Bundesliga||8||0
Total||49||3
Hetepheres I ("Her Face Is Satisfied") was a Queen of Ancient Egypt.
She lived during the 4th dynasty of Egypt, but she was born at the end of the 3rd dynasty.
The father of Hetepheres was Pharaoh Huni, and her mother was Queen Djefatnebti.
Hetepheres married her half-brother Sneferu.
With him, she was a mother of Princess Hetepheres, who she named after herself.
Sneferu and Hetepheres I also had a son, Khufu, who was Sneferu's successor.
King's Mother
Mother of the Dual King
Attendant of Horus
God's Daughter of His Body.