the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
Peterborough's population growth was the fastest of any British city over the ten years from 2002.
This was partly due to immigration.
Because the city is still getting larger,  the city council has passed a law for a new development plan.
This is to add an additional 22,000 homes, 18,000 jobs and over 40,000 people who will live in Peterborough by 2020.
The newly developing Hampton township will be finished.
There will also be a 1,500-homes built in Stanground, and a 1,200-homes built in Paston.
Parnwell
Parnwell is a housing estate in the east of the city.
Situated off Parnwell Way, it is easily accessible using the Frank Perkins Way (A1139).
It is served by a convenience store at the Parnwell Centre and has a Sure Start Centre and a health centre.
The local primary school is Parnwell Primary School, which was opened in 1989 to serve children from 4 to 11 years.
Children over this age may choose to attend the City of Peterborough Academy (COPA), Thomas Deacon Academy or the Stanground Academy.
Settlements in Cambridgeshire
1540s establishments in Europe
TSV Schwieberdingen is a German football club.
It is in Schwieberdingen, Baden-Württemberg.
The club was founded in 1906.
Today it has over 2,200 people.
The football team is playing in the Oberliga Baden-Württemberg (IV).
Their stadium is the Felsenberg-Arena.
The name Las Terrenas comes from the French La terrienne (the "lady that owns land").
The municipality had, in , a total population of 18,829: 9,776 men and 9,053 women.
Las Terrenas has a total area of , about  of the total area of the province of Samaná.
The city is an elevation of  above sea level, and at  to the northwest of Samaná.
1996 establishments in North America
1990s establishments in the Dominican Republic
Schwieberdingen is a city in the center of Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
The city was first mentioned 1304.
It is found 5km away from Ludwigsburg and 10km away from Stuttgart.
About 11,000 people live in Schwieberdingen.
The largest sport club is the TSV Schwieberdingen.
Website of Schwieberdingen
The old town of Las Cañitas was elevated to the category of municipality in 1866.
It was a very small town but it grew in importance and population when the railway from the town to La Vega began to run across the rich region of the Cibao.
The railway worked until 1966.
The port lost its importance when other ports in the country grew in importance.
And the Yuna River has been filling the Samaná Bay with solid materials and only small boats can get to the port.
The municipality had, in , a total population of 24,509: 12,583 men and 11,926 women.
Sánchez has a total area of , about  of the total area of the province of Samaná.
The city is an elevation of  above sea level, and at  to the west of Samaná.
The municipality of Sánchez has the Atlantic Ocean to the northwest, the municipality of Las Terrenas to the north, the municipality of Samaná to the east, the Duarte and María Trinidad Sánchez provinces to the west and the Samaná Bay to the south.
It also borders, in its southeastern part, to the Hato Mayor province.
The month with the most precipitation on average is May with  of rainfall, followed by November with .
Fishing was the main activity but now is not so important.
Parking a vehicle means stopping and leaving it somewhere.
It is important to make sure that the vehicle is parked somewhere where parking is allowed, otherwise the driver may have to pay a fine, or even worse, the vehicle may be clamped.
Cars are usually parked in driveways, parking lots, garages, or on the side of the street.
Parking a car is easier than parking a large vehicle such as a lorry (truck) or a coach.
These large vehicles often have to go to special parks.
Rules about parking are part of traffic rules, and these will vary a lot from one country to another.
It is illegal to park on the sidewalk
Parking a vehicle
When driving along a road, the driver may see a space big enough for him to park his vehicle.
He should stop just after he has passed the space, alongside the next car, then reverse (go backwards) slowly in, aiming towards the curb, then turning the steering wheel so that he just misses the car in front.
Then he can adjust, leaving equal room between the two cars.
This process is called "parallel parking".
If the space is wide enough for two cars he can drive forwards into the space instead of reversing in.
Parking correctly takes practice and some experience.
The driver should not ram or scrub a wheel against the curb.
This can puncture the tire.
Places to park
Vehicles can often be parked at the side of the road.
They are usually parked  parallel to the curb at the edge of the pavement or sidewalk.
In some places, parking spaces may be set at a slight 45 degree angle to the curb.
Sometimes there are no restrictions: one can park there, free, for as long as one likes.
In other places, parking may not be allowed at all (e.g. where there are double yellow lines (in Britain) or it may be allowed only for limited periods.
Parking is not allowed on streets where building construction is in progress.
Parking may not be allowed on streets that must be open to emergency traffic such as ambulances and fire trucks.
Parking may not be allowed in the winter on certain streets that are marked "snow route".
These routes must be clear of vehicles so snow plows can get through to do their job.
Drivers may have to pay to park.
Money can either be put in parking meters which are to be found by every parking bay.
There may be a machine nearby where the driver has to pay, and then he receives a ticket which he has to leave inside the car to show that he has paid.
The time and date of arrival will be printed on the ticket.
Clamping and towing
If a driver does not pay, or he stays longer than he is allowed, he may be given a parking ticket by a traffic warden, a policeman, or a meter maid.
These people have the job of patrolling the streets and finding any cars which are illegally parked.
A ticket is issued.
A fine must be paid.
In some cities, the cars may be clamped or "booted" (in the US).
This means that a heavy clamp ("boot") is fixed to one of the wheels.
The car cannot be driven away.
The driver then has to phone the clamping firm to arrange for them to unlock the clamp.
This will cost a lot of money.
In some places, the car may be taken away by the police.
They will take it to a special parking lot under police control.
The vehicle is lifted by a crane onto a lorry and taken away.
It may be taken away by a tow truck.
It costs a lot of money to get one's car back.
Car parks and parking lots
Car parks (or, parking lots) are spaces where one can park and leave one's car.
The size of these spaces can range from very small to very large.
They can be paved with asphalt, concrete, or other material.
They can be covered with gravel, or simply bare earth.
In urban areas, car parks are usually paved.
Slots for cars are measured out and are painted on the pavement.
Drivers are expected to park within these slots.
Cars are usually parked side by side in a car park.
There may be an attendant on duty who will collect a flat fee for parking or issue a ticket noting the driver's arrival time.
The fee will be collected when the driver leaves.
Sometimes the driver can get the ticket from a mechanical device at the entrance.
He will pay the fee when he leaves to an attendant typically stationed in a small booth at the exit.
Car parks and parking lots can be dangerous to drivers and their passengers.
Some are not (or poorly) lit at night.
Persons intent on mischief or criminal activity can operate without being seen.
Large parks and lots attract both male and female prostitutes who, if turned away, may retaliate in some way such as "keying" a vehicle.
Other hazards in urban lots are rusty nails on the pavement, broken glass, and vermin such as rats.
At a country fair, barn sale, a country concert, or other rural event, drivers may park their vehicles in a meadow that has been mowed and marked off with ropes or bales of hay to guide drivers in and out of the area.
An attendant is usually stationed at the entrance to advise drivers on where to park.
There is sometimes (but not usually) a fee charged for parking in such an area.
A "Park and Ride" is a big car park on the edge of a town.
Instead of driving into the centre of the town, drivers can park there and take a bus or tram into the centre.
Another type of car park, called an "attendant car park" is one where the driver leaves the car keys with an attendant.
The attendant will then drive the car and park it so that all the cars are bunched up close to one another.
This saves space.
This type of car park is common at airports.
The driver can tell the attendant when he expects to be back.
Some car parks are private car parks.
They can only be used by people who are visiting the hotel, store or firm to whom the car park belongs.
People who park there illegally may find that their vehicle gets clamped, towed, or booted.
On a busy highway, an area just off the main road is available for parking.
These are called layovers or rest areas.
Sometimes there is a curb.
Sometimes there is a rest room or vending machines for drinks and snacks.
Sometimes there are full-scale restaurants and souvenir shops.
Parking is risky.
These areas typically are not supervised and are often the haunt of criminals such as prostitutes and drug dealers.
Homosexuals gather in these areas to "do their thing" and often attract the attention of the police.
Disabled parking
Some car parks have a few spaces that are reserved for disabled people.
These spaces are usually near the exit of the car park or near the front doors of the store, hotel, restaurant etc.
This is a convenience for the disabled driver or passenger.
The disabled person is able to get into and out of the store or restaurant with little difficulty.
These disabled spaces are usually limited to a few slots that are clearly marked.
The disabled spaces are usually wider than the others so that the vehicle doors can be opened wide for the disabled person to get out.
It is important to display a valid disabled badge or other insignia in or on the vehicle.
This will alert store owners and tow drivers that the car is legally parked.
Able drivers should not park in these disabled slots.
They risk being towed or fined.
Parking garages
Parking garages (or multi-level car parks) are buildings of concrete and steel.
They are used for parking vehicles.
Some are built on downtown city streets where on-street parking slots may be limited.
Parking garages are usually several levels high.
The levels are connected by ramps.
Many parking garages are open to the weather.
They can be cold, snowy, and windy in the winter.
Sometimes the street level of a parking garage has shops, cafes, and other businesses.
A driver goes into the garage at an entrance.
He takes a ticket stamped with his arrival time from an attendant or a mechanical device.
He may drive up several ramps to find a parking space.
He leaves his ticket in the car where the attendant can see it.
When he leaves, he rolls down his window and pays the parking fee at the exit.
A barrier is lifted, and he drives away.
Parking garages can be dangerous for drivers and their passengers.
These buildings are sometimes dimly lit, poorly staffed, and not always watched for potential trouble.
There are places in a parking garage for anyone intent on mischief or criminal activity to hide or escape.
Enclosed stairways and elevators (lifts) can be dangerous, especially for someone alone.
Parking garages are sometimes found near office buildings, hospitals, universities, police stations, and other busy places where land space is limited.
Some apartment buildings have their own parking garages.
These are for use by tenants in the apartment building.
Some buildings have underground parking garages.
Once again these garages are to be used solely by residents, employees, and customers.
Horsham is a market town in West Sussex, England with a population of roughly 50,000.
It is the administrative and market centre of the district of Horsham.
Lemgo is a city in the Lippe district in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, with a population of c. 42,000.
Stadt Lemgo
Community of Madrid () is one of the seventeen autonomous communities (regions) of Spain.
It is in centre of the country, and the Iberian Peninsula.
Its capital and largest city is Madrid.
A Kit-Cat Klock or Felix the Cat Clock is an art deco style clock.
It looks like the cartoon character Felix the Cat.
The eyes and tail move back and forth.
thumb | right | A Kit Cat Klock
St. Michael's Church, also known as the Michaelskirche (Church of St Michael), is a church in Bamberg.
It was built in the 12th century.
It stands on the top of a very high hill overlooking the town of Bamberg.
It can be seen from nearly all directions.
Bamberg is built on seven hills, each with a building at the top.
The hill on which the St Michael’s Church stands is the highest one.
An old, cobbled road with some ancient houses leads from the cathedral up to the church.
Not far beyond the church are fields and woods.
The church is built in the Romanesque style.
It used to be the church of a Benedictine monastery.
The monastery was secularized in 1803.
There is now an almshouse there as well as a museum and municipal art collections.
Emperor Heinrich II (Henry II) was the founder of the Bishopric of Bamberg.
The first bishop of Bamberg was Eberhard, who founded the abbey of St Michael.
It belonged to the bishop.
The abbot had to obey the bishop.
The monks who came to live there came from the towns of Amorbach and Fulda.
In the 12th century the abbey flourished.
This was the time of Bishop Otto of Bamberg.
The abbey started to become more independent of the bishop.
The abbey went through hard times during the wars around 1525.
In the 17th and 18th centuries it went through better times again.
When the bishops lost their political power in 1803 the abbey started to belong to the town.
The people asked for the almshouses in the town to be moved to the St Michael abbey.
There is still a home for old people there today.
Behind the altar is the tomb of Bishop Otto of Bamberg which dates from 1443.
There is a hole in the middle of the tomb which is just big enough for a person to crawl through.
Visitors to the church like to crawl through the hole, because it is said that it helps people who have backache.
The roof of the nave has paintings of 580 different kinds of plants.
These include plants from faraway countries, e.g. pineapple, cotton, pomegranate and tobacco as well as plants that are found locally.
The paintings date from the 17th century.
Many of the plants were grown in the herb gardens around the church.
In the side isles of the church the ceiling has more paintings.
These include paintings of birds.
Churches in Germany
Punta Arenas (lit.
Sandy Point) is the capital of Magallanes y Antártica Chilena Region and the largest city in the region.
It has the 1% (about 124246 people) of the total population.
It is located at comuna (municipality) of Magallanes, and geographically at Brunswich Peninsula (53° 10' S 70° 56'W).
Santiago Rusiñol i Prats (, ; Barcelona 25 February 1861 – Aranjuez 13 June 1931) was a  Catalan naturalist painter, author, and playwright.
A slaughterhouse, also called by the French word abattoir, is a building where farm animals are killed and turned into meat.
The animals most often slaughtered for food are cows (for beef and veal), sheep (for lamb and mutton), pigs (for pork), fowl (including chicken and waterfowl such as ducks and geese), and horses (for horsemeat).
Alfons Schuhbeck was born on 2 May 1949 in Traunstein, Upper Bavaria, Germany.
He is one of Germany’s top chefs, as well as being a writer, restaurateur, TV cook and businessman.
Born as Alfons Karg, he trained as a telecommunications engineer, but was not happy.
When he stopped at the Bavarian holiday resort of Waging, he ran into the restaurateur Sebastian Schuhbeck.
He began working for Schuhbeck, and Sebastian Schubeck later adopted Alfons, and made him his heir.
Alfons quickly became a very good chef.
The village inn he worked at soon became a favourite restaurant of the richer people of Munich and Salzburg.
He did more training in Salzburg, Geneva, Paris, London and Munich as well as Feinkost Käfer, Dallmayr and in the Restaurant Aubergine of Eckart Witzigmann.
He also studied at the College of Hotel Management in Bad Reichenhall in Bavaria.
He finally took over the Kurhausstüberl in Waging in 1980.
In 1983 he got a star in the Michelin Guide.
The Gault Millau restaurant guide gave him 17 points and in 1989 he was elected cook of the year.
Since 1990 Schubeck has operated an outside catering service, which has catered for many high-class events like the Federal Chancellor’s celebration, the Ball des Sports and the German music industry’s ECHO award ceremony.
In 2003 he opened a new restaurant, the Südtiroler Stuben at the Platzl in Munich.
In December of that year he was won his second Michelin star, and in November 2005 he was awarded got a star once again in December 2003, the Five Star Diamond Award by the American Academy of Hospitality Sciences.
His great popularity has resulted in his publishing over 20 books, as well as many TV shows.
Bayerischer Rundfunk has broadcast his programme Schuhbecks since 1993, and he remains a regular guest in many talk and other TV shows.
During the 1990s Schuhbeck had DM 60 million for capital investments.
Because he was the only person in charge of millions of DM in Monte Carlo, Monaco Schuhbeck was taken to court on the suspicion of fraud.
Although unusual, what he did was not illegal, and he was exonerated.
At the end of the 1990s he set up Schuhbecks GmbH at the Platzl.
This company now includes the restaurant Schuhbeck, a wine bistro, the party service, a cookery school, a spice shop and an ice-cream parlour.
These are all based in Munich.
Schuhbeck Check Inn GmbH was formed in 2001 to manage the Check Inn restaurant and the bar in Egelsbach (south Hesse).
Alfons Schuhbeck Palazzo Munich
Schuhbeck´s Check Inn GmbH
Schuhbeck´s Onlineshop
TV Bavaria's Biography
Schuhbecks Cookery School
Who is Who der Köche
Portrait über Alfons Schuhbeck
Chefs
Skatval is a small village in the municipality of Stjørdal in the province Nord-Trøndelag, Norway.
The nature is quite varied; forest, fiords, hills, mountains and farms.
Settlements in Norway
Gefjun (or Gefjon, Gefion) is one of the Æsir in Norse mythology.
This name could be from Old Norse geð fiá meaning "chaste" is one of the Asynjur in Norse mythology.
She appears only a few times in surviving sources.
Medieval sources talk of her mainly as a goddess of chastity.
However, modern scholarship suggests that she may originally have been a fertility goddess connected with ritual plowing, and even that she was originally the same fertility goddess as Freyja.
It has also been suggested that she is the origin of Grendel's mother who appears in the epic poem Beowulf.
The Stade de France is a multipurpose stadium in Saint-Denis, Île-de-France, France made in 1995 and opened in 1998.
It can hold 80,698 people and is just outside Paris.
Stade de France Website
Stats for all rugby matches played at the Stade de France
Rugby World Cup 2007
Le Stade de France 3D model (GoogleSketchup)
1990s establishments in France
Football stadiums in France
The Melbourne Cricket Ground (MCG) is a cricket and Australian Rules Football stadium in Melbourne, Australia.
It has a capacity of 100,000.
It was used as the main stadium for the 1956 Summer Olympics.
The Melbourne Cricket Club started to use the area for cricket in 1853.
Their old ground, now Southbank, was often flooded by the Yarra River, and was also in the way of a new railway line.
In 1859, the first game of Australian Rules Football was played at the ground.
The MCG is run by a trust.
The first chairman of the trust was the first Premier of Victoria, William Haines.
Buildings and structures in Melbourne
1853 establishments in Oceania
Tanning is the process of turning animal skin (often called "hide") into leather.
Tanning makes the skin tougher and often changes its color.
Tanning helps make the animal skin become more flexible and less vulnerable to bacteria damage.
Before tanning an animal skin, the animal must be killed and skinned before the body heat of the animal leaves the animal's body.
Next, tissue on the inside of the skin and hairs on the outside are removed.
Salt in the skin is removed and the skins are soaked in water ffor six hours to two days.
The actual process of tanning is done by soaking the leather in a bath of Chromium III sulphate ([Cr(H2O)6]2(SO4)3).
In past centuries a natural substance called tannin was used, which was got from oak or fir trees.
The whole process is very smelly, and tanneries are often placed at the edges of towns.
The runoff from tanning plants into rivers is a major cause of pollution.
This can be prevented by methods of water treatment adapted to the outflow of tannery liquids.
Developing countries may lack this methodology, even though World Bank grants are available for water treatment facilities.
A private-sector trade association may give technical information about clean technologies.
Romanesque architecture is a term that describes the style of architecture which was used in Europe from the late 10th century until the 12th century when it changed to the Gothic style.
The Romanesque style in England is called Norman architecture.
Buildings in the Romanesque style have very thick walls and round arches,  Castles and churches or cathedrals were built in this style.
Some of them are still standing.
Círculo Románico - Visigothic, Mozarabic and Romanesque art
Bypasses are good because they reduces the amount of traffic in the centre where the people live and work.
It makes it much safer for them to cross the roads, and reduces pollution.
It is better for the vehicles passing the town because their journey is made quicker.
People are not always happy when a bypass is built.
The main objections people sometimes have is that a new road uses up a lot of land.
Also, some people who have businesses in the town (especially filling stations and restaurants) may think that they will not get so many customers.
A road that goes all the way around the town in a large circle is called a ring road.
The M25 is a ring road for London.
The Rhine-Main-Danube Canal (also known in German as the Main-Danube Canal, RMD Canal or Europa Canal) is a canal that joins up the three rivers Rhine, Main and Danube so that boats can travel from one to the other.
It is in Bavaria in the south of Germany.
It goes from Bamberg, past Nuremberg, to Regensburg.
It was finished in 1992.
Boats can now travel from Rotterdam in the Netherlands all the way to the Black Sea.
The canal is 171km (106 miles) long.
From Bamberg to Fürth the canal follows the valley of the Regnitz, a tributary of the Main.
From Fuerth to beyond Roth it follows the valley of the Rednitz, a tributary of the Regnitz.
It crosses the Frankish Alb mountains and joins the river Altmuehl near Dietfurt.
From Dietfurt to Kelheim on the Danube the canal follows the Altmuehl valley.
Bypass can have several meanings.
It always means: going round something in order to avoid it.
Bypass (computing), in computing, avoiding security features in hacking, or changing what one does in troubleshooting
Bypass (effect), in effects units, a switch that allows sound processing to be "turned off" to get a "dry", unprocessed sound output
Bypass (road), road or highway that goes round a town or village
Bypass (surgical), creating an alternate route for blood flow or food (e.g. a heart bypass)
Bypass surgery, specific types of surgical bypass
Bypass (telecommunications) can mean many things
Bypass (valve), in diving, a valve in rebreathers to bypass the flow rate control valve
Bypass duct, passage in turbofan aircraft engines that allows airflow to bypass the engine core
Bleach bypass, in film processing, an optical effect reducing saturation, increasing contrast, and giving a pastel look
Bezirk Mitte or Mitte von Berlin is the most central borough of Berlin (Bezirk is German for borough, Mitte is German for centre).
Most of Berlin's historic centre is in Bezirk Mitte.
Some of the most important tourist sites of Berlin (like the Pergamon Museum, Brandenburg Gate, Charité and the Reichstag), are all in Mitte, and most were in East Berlin.
In 2001, Berlin's boroughs were reorganized.
The old East Berlin borough of Mitte, was joined with the boroughs of Wedding, once in the French Sector, and Tiergarten which had been in the British sector before.
The new borough (both of which formerly belonged to West Berlin) to form the new Mitte borough.
The new borough has an area of  and has, as of 2003, about 320,700 inhabitants.
The districts in Mitte are Gesundbrunnen, Hansaviertel, Mitte, Moabit, Tiergarten and Wedding.
Official homepage of Berlin
B'Day Anthology Video Album is a video album, released by the American R&B singer-songwriter Beyoncé.
It was released alongside B'Day Deluxe Edition on April 3, 2007.
Formats and track listings
12" single I
"Upgrade U" (album version) – 4:32
"Upgrade U" (instrumental) - 4:32
"Upgrade U" (album version - no rap) - 4:02
"Upgrade U" (a cappella) - 4:32
12" single II
"Creole" - 3:53
"Lost Yo Mind" – 3:47
"Back Up" - 3:27
Beyoncé songs
This is the discography, certification, and music video information of American R&B singer Beyoncé.
She has released six studio albums, five live albums, three compilation albums, five EPs, one soundtrack album, two karaoke albums and 80 singles.
She has sold over 120 million records as a solo artist, and 60 million more with Destiny's Child.
"Sexy Little Thug"
"I Can't Take No More" (produced by Mario Winans) (was made available as a bonus download on Beyoncé's official site)
"I Know" (written by B. Knowles, J. Gordon, K. Mack, L. Owens, E. Cortes)  re-recorded by Destiny's Child, appears on the Fighting Temptations soundtrack and on Michelle Williams' 2004 album Do You Know.
"My First Time" (written by N. Knowles, Pharrell Williams, Chad Hugo)  (appears on Live at Wembley)
"My Man" (written by B. Knowles, Angela Beyince, Waller Robert, Scott Storch)  (appears on Destiny's Child's Destiny Fulfilled Wal-Mart bonus disc)
"What's It Gonna Be"
"Wishing on a Star", a 1977 Rose Royce cover (appears on Live at Wembley and the Roll Bounce soundtrack; was also used to promote Knowles' fragrance "True Star")
"Until The End Of Time"
"Amor Gitano"
"I'm Leaving" (written by Beyoncé Knowles, DJ Envy)
Speak My Mind (mixtape)
The Beyoncé Experience was a 2007 worldwide concert tour by American singer, songwriter, and actress Beyoncé Knowles.
"Crazy in love" / "Crazy Interlude"
"Freakum Dress"
"Green Light"
Costume Change
"Baby Boy" / "Murder He Wrote" Interlude
"Beautiful Liar"
"Me, Myself and I"
"Dangerously In Love / "He Loves Me" Interlude
"Flaws And All"
Destiny's Child Medley: "Independent Women Part I" / "Bootylicious" / "No No No Part 2" / "Bug a Boo" / "Bills, Bills, Bills" / "Cater 2 U" / "Say My Name" / "Jumpin' Jumpin'" / "Soldier" / "Survivor"
"Speechless"
"Ring the Alarm"
"Suga Mama"
"Upgrade U"
"'03 Bonnie & Clyde"
"Check On It"
"Déjà vu"
"Get Me Bodied"
"Dreamgirls (Opening Act II)"
"Irreplaceable"
In Japan, "Flaws and All" was not performed. "
Get Me Bodied" was performed after "Check On It".
In Australia, "Deja Vu" was the last song performed.
During the Europe and Middle East leg of the tour, "Speechless" was not performed.
During her concert in Orlando beyonce fell down a flight of stairs and it was shown on YouTube.
Beyoncé concert tours
Beautiful Liar (Album version) – 3:19
Beautiful Liar (Freemasons Remix Edit) – 3:27
Beautiful Liar (Album version)
Beautiful Liar (Freemasons Remix Edit)
Irreplaceable (Maurice Joshua Remix)
Deja Vu (Freemasons Remix)
Beautiful Liar (Video)
Shakira songs
A DNA polymerase is an enzyme which makes DNA molecules from its nucleotide building blocks.
DNA polymerases are essential for DNA replication.
They usually work in pairs as they copy one double-stranded DNA molecule into two double-stranded DNAs.
In DNA replication DNA polymerase "reads" a piece of DNA that's already there and uses it to make a new piece that is exactly the same as the old piece.
The primary role of DNA polymerases is to accurately and efficiently replicate the genome in order to ensure the maintenance of the genetic information and its faithful transmission through generations.
DNA polymerases also play key roles in other processes within cells, including DNA repair, genetic recombination, reverse transcription, and antibody production.
DNA polymerases are widely used in molecular biology laboratories, notably for the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), DNA sequencing, and molecular cloning.
Recep Tayyip Erdoğan (born 26 February 1954) is a Turkish politician.
He is the 12th and current President of Turkey, he took office in 2014.
Before that, he was the prime minister of Turkey from 2003 to 2014.
He was chairman of the ruling Justice and Development Party from 2001 to 2014.
Erdoğan was Mayor of Istanbul from 1994 to 1998.
Erdoğan was a semi-professional footballer from 1969 to 1982.
The stadium of the local football club of the district he grew up in, Kasımpaşa S.K. is named after him.
Erdoğan married Emine Gülbaran (b. 1955, Siirt) on 4 July 1978.
The couple have two sons (Ahmet Burak, Necmeddin Bilal) and two daughters (Esra, Sümeyye).
Mayors of Istanbul
People from Istanbul
Prime Ministers of Turkey
Abū Ṭālib ibn ‘Abd al-Muṭṭalib (; –), né ‘Imran ) or ‘Abd Manaf (), was the leader of Banu Hashim, a clan of the Qurayshi tribe of Mecca in the Hejaz, Arabian Peninsula.
After the death of his father ‘Abd al-Muttalib, he got this position and the offices of Siqaya and Rifada.
He was well respected in Mecca even though he was not very rich.
Abu Talib was an uncle of the Islamic Nabi (, Prophet) Muhammad, and father of the Rashid Caliph ‘Ali, who is also thought as the first Shi'ite Imam.
There is a great debate among Muslim scholars on whether Abū Ṭālib died a Muslim or a non-Muslim.
Abū Ṭālib died around 619, at more than 80 years of age, about 10 years after the start of Muhammad's mission.
This year is known as the Year of Sorrow for Muhammad, because not only did his uncle Abu Talib die, but also his wife Khadijah bint Khuwaylid, within a month of Abu Talib.
539 births
Doom 2 (or Doom II in roman numerals), is a sequel to the first-person shooter video game Doom.
It was created by iD Software, and came out in 1994, just one year after the first game.
It was based on the same game engine as Doom, and had 32 levels, two of them secret.
Doom 2 got newer enemies and weapons.
Enemies new in Doom 2 include the Arch-vile, Mancubus, Arachnotron, Chaingunner, Pain Elemental, Revenant, Hell Knight, and the Final Boss (also called the Icon of Sin).
The only new weapon in Doom 2 is the Super Shotgun.
It is a double-barrel shotgun that use two shotgun shells every time it is fired, but it does three times as much damage as the normal Shotgun and has a much wider hit box.
The game's difficulty is much harder than the first Doom game.
Doom 2 includes an expansion pack known as the Master Levels for Doom II.
The expansion pack has 20 WAD files created by various authors under contract with id Software.
Doom 2 also includes another expansion pack called No Rest for the Living, released on the Xbox Live Arcade for the Xbox 360.
A deathmatch (shortened to DM) is a common gameplay mode included in many shooter and real-time strategy (RTS) computer games and "MilSim" games like airsoft and paintball.
The goal of a deathmatch game is to kill as many other players as possible.
de:Spielmodus (Computerspiel)#Deathmatch
Samaná Bay (Spanish, Bahía de Samaná) is a big bay in the northeast of the Dominican Republic, south of the Samaná Peninsula.
Christopher Columbus gave the name of "Golfo de las Flechas" (Gulf of Arrows) to the bay.
It has about  east-west and  north-south.
The Yuna river, one of the most important of the Hispaniola island, flows into the bay.
Other rivers that flow into the bay are the Barracote and the Yabón.
Dolphins are common in the bay most of the year.
Humpback whales come from northern, cold waters to Samaná Bay to breed during winter and spring; then, they return to cold waters where food is more abundant.
Whale watching is an important business in the Samaná Province in late winter and early spring.
France, England and United States were interested in the Samaná Bay (with the Samaná Peninsula) during the 19th century to control the Caribbean.
Before that time, pirates were frequent visitors.
The most important cities around the bay are Santa Bárbara de Samaná and Sánchez on the north, in the Samaná Province province; and Sabana de la Mar, on the south, in the Hato Mayor Province province.
Sánchez was the most important international port of the Dominican Republic during the 19th century and early 20th century.
Halibut is a kind of flatfish often used for food.
There are two different kinds of halibut - Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) and Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis).
The halibut from the Atlantic ocean has been overfished.
Their names come from haly (holy) and butt (flat fish), because it is said people like to eat them on Catholic holy-days.
International Pacific Halibut Commission
Alaska Department of Fish & Game
Sola is a Japanese anime series initially written by the Kanon main writer, Naoki Hisaya together with the original character designer Naru Nanao.
Sola started as a manga which was featured in the magazine Dengeki Daioh on December 21, 2006 by MediaWorks.
As of August 2007, the manga is still being serialized, with Chaki Abeno as the illustrator.
A drama CD was later released on December 31, 2006 at Comiket 71.
The anime version of the series aired in Japan from April 7, 2007 to June 30, 2007, containing a total of thirteen episodes and two additional episodes currently being released exclusively for the DVD.
An extra drama CD together with a video game title for the PlayStation 2 console are also planned.
The title, Sola, comes from the Italian/Spanish language solo (which translates literally to alone).
The title of series, sounds the same with the Japanese word .
Ornithischia is an order of beaked, herbivorous dinosaurs.
They are known as the 'bird-hipped' dinosaurs because of their hip structure.
However, birds actually descended from the 'lizard-hipped' dinosaurs, the Saurischia.
The name "Ornithischia" means "bird-hipped," and birds also have pelvises in which the pubis points backwards.
An alternative name for the order is the Predentata, because all of them are beaked herbivorous dinosaurs.
The beak is in front of the jaw-bone, the dentary, so it is a 'predentary'.
The upper half of the beak is the 'premaxilla' on the end of the upper jaw.
The beak is a key adaptation for cropping plants for their food.
Their original (basal) form of locomotion was bipedal.
However, from early in their evolutionary history, they were capable of both bipedal and quadrupedal locomotion.
Several groups became entirely quadrupedal.
Thyreophora: the armoured dinosaurs: Ankylosaurs and Stegosaurs.
Cerapoda: the duck-billed and horned dinosaurs.
Their vegetarian diet included:
Seed ferns: Pteridospermatophyta.
Upper Triassic, Jurassic.
Cycads and other woody seed plants, common during Mesozoic period.
Gymnosperms (conifers): Jurassic, Cretaceous.
Angiosperms (flowering plants): Cretaceous
Algae in the form of seaweed: no direct evidence, but likely.
This group of dinosaurs would not be able to reach the taller conifers.
The other main group of vegetarian dinosaurs, the sauropodomorphs, were specialists able to reach vegetation on the tall trees.
Miss Earth is an annual international beauty pageant promoting environmental awareness.
The reigning titleholders dedicate their year to school tours, tree planting activities, street campaigns, coastal clean ups, speaking engagements, shopping mall tours, media guesting, environmental fair, storytelling programs, eco-fashion shows, and other activities.
Miss Earth official homepage
Krauchthal is a village in the Canton of Bern.
It is about halfway between Burgdorf and Bern, about 15 km northeast of the city of Bern.
The commune of Krauchthal is made of the villages Krauchthal (with Hub and Dieterswald), and Hettiswil.
The name of the settlements was mentioned during the Middle Ages.
Krauchthal in 1208, Hettiswil in 1107, Hub and Dieterswald in 1326, Thorberg in 1196.
In 2006, 2345 people lived there.
In Thorberg, there is a castle.
This has been converted to a prison.
Website of the commune of Krauchthal (German)
Dangerously in Love is the debut studio album by American recording artist Beyoncé, released on June 20, 2003 by Columbia Records.
During the recording of Destiny's Child's third studio album, Survivor (2001), the group announced that they would produce solo albums to be released.
Recording sessions for the album took place from March 2002 to March 2003 at several studios, whilst Destiny's Child were on a break.
signifies a co-producer
signifies a vocal producer
"Crazy in Love" samples "Are You My Woman (Tell Me So)" (1970) by the Chi-Lites
"Naughty Girl" contains interpolations from "Love to Love You Baby" (1975) by Donna Summer
"Baby Boy" contains interpolations from "Hot Stepper" (1990) by Ini Kamoze
"Be with You" samples "Ain't Nothing I Can Do" (1979) Tyrone Davis and contains interpolations from "I'd Rather Be with You" (1976) by Bootsy's Rubber Band and "Strawberry Letter 23" (1977) by the Brothers Johnson
"That's How You Like It" contains interpolations from "I Like It" (1982) by DeBarge
"Gift from Virgo" samples "Rainy Day" (1974) by Shuggie Otis
"'03 Bonnie & Clyde" contains interpolations from "If I Was Your Girlfriend" (1987) by Prince and samples of "Me and My Girlfriend" (1996) by 2Pac
"What's It Gonna Be" samples "Do It Roger" (1981) by Roger Troutman
"I Can't Take No More" (Beyoncé Knowles, Mario Winans, Sean Combs, V. Smith, T. Shropshire, S. Jordan, Angela Beyince)
"Ice Cream" (Beyoncé Knowles, Soul Diggaz)
"My Man" (Beyoncé Knowles, Angela Beyince, Waller Robert, Scott Storch) (later appeared on the Wal-Mart edition of Destiny Fulfilled)
"Settle 4 U" (Beyoncé Knowles, Shawn Carter, Makeda Davis, Bryce Wilson)
"Sexuality" (Beyoncé Knowles, LL Cool J)
Beyoncé Knowles – lead vocals, producer, executive producer, vocal producer, songwriter
Nat Adderley, Jr. – producer, arranger, electric piano, string arrangements
Tawatha Agee – backing vocals
Vincent Alexander – engineer
Sanford Allen – concertmaster
Chuckie Amos – hair stylist
Skip Anderson – arranger, programming, additional keyboards
Ray Bardani – string engineer, mixing
Sherrod Barnes – producer
Mark Batson – producer, arranger, instrumentation, conductor
Carlos Bedoya – engineer, vocal engineer
Big Boi – rap, additional vocal production
Craig Brockman – co-producer
John "Jab" Broussard – additional guitar
Al Brown – string contractor
Dan Bucchi – assistant mix engineer
Chris Carmouche – additional engineer
Jim Caruana – engineer
Demacio "Demo" Castellon – assistant mix engineer
Ian Cuttler – art director
Dahlen – photography
Jason Dale – assistant mix engineer
Makeda Davis – backing vocals
Delroy "D-Roy" Andrews – producer
Missy Elliott – rap, producer
Focus... – producer, engineer, instrumentation
Guru – engineer
Phil Hamilton – guitar
Ivan Hampden – drums
Rich Harrison – producer, instrumentation
Andreao "Fanatic" Heard – producer
Cissy Houston – backing vocals
James Hunter – graphic artist
Jay-Z – rap
Bashiri Johnson – percussion
Scott Kieklak – mixing
Markus Klinko and Indrani – photography
Mathew Knowles – executive producer
Tina Knowles – stylist
Brendan Kurtz – assistant mix engineer
Errol "Poppi" McCalla, Jr. – producer
Byron Miller – bass
Mr. B – producer
Sean Paul – vocals
Greg Price – assistant engineer
Mally Roncal – make-up
Dexter Simmons – mixing
Sleepy Brown – vocals
Matt Snedecor – assistant mix engineer
Brian Springer – engineer
Nisan Stewart – co-producer
Scott Storch – producer
Candace Thomas – backing vocals
Pat Thrall – engineer
Luther Vandross – vocals, vocal arrangement
Luz Vasquez – assistant mix engineer
Stan Wallace – engineer
Brenda White-King – backing vocals
Bryce Wilson – producer
Pat Woodward – assistant mix engineer
Dan Workman – guitar, engineer
Year-end charts
Decade-end charts
Chart precession and succession
{| class="wikitable collapsible"
style="text-align:center;"|Awards ceremony
style="text-align:center; width:30px;"|Year
style="text-align:center;"|Nominated Work
style="text-align:center;"|Award
style="text-align:center;"|Results
| style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2"|BET Awards
|rowspan="3"| 2004
| rowspan="2"|"Crazy in Love" (Jay-Z) || Best Female R&B Artist ||
|| Best Collaboration ||
| style="text-align:left;"|BRIT Awards
| Dangerously in Love || Best International Female Solo Artist ||
| style="text-align:left;" rowspan="6"|Grammy Awards
|rowspan="5"| 2004
| rowspan="2"|"Crazy in Love" (with Jay-Z) || Best R&B Song ||
|| Best Rap/Sung Collaboration ||
|| "Dangerously in Love 2" || Best Female R&B Vocal Performance ||
|| Dangerously in Love || Best Contemporary R&B Album ||
||"The Closer I Get to You"|| Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal ||
| style="text-align:left;"|International Dance Music Awards
|rowspan="4"|2003
|rowspan="4"|"Crazy in Love" (with Jay-Z) || Best R&B/Urban Dance Track||
| style="text-align:left;" rowspan="4"|MTV Music Video Awards
|| Video Music AwardsBest Female Video ||
|| Video Music AwardsBest R&B Video  ||
|| Video Music AwardsBest Choreography ||
|| 2004 || "Naughty Girl" ||Video Music AwardsBest Female Video ||
| style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2"|MTV Europe Music Awards
|rowspan="2"|2003
|rowspan="3"| "Crazy in Love" (with Jay-Z) || Europe Music AwardsBest R&B Song ||
|| Europe Music AwardsBest Song of the year||
| style="text-align:left;"|MTV Video Music Awards Japan
|| 2004 || Best Collaboration ||
| style="text-align:left;" rowspan="6"|POP Music Awards
|rowspan="2"|2003 ||"03 Bonnie & Clyde" (with Jay-Z) || Most Performed Song ||
|| "Crazy in Love" (with Jay-Z) ||Most performed song ||
|rowspan="4"| 2005 ||"Baby Boy" (with Sean Paul)|| Most performed song  ||
|| "Me, Myself and I" ||Most performed song  ||
|rowspan="2"|"Naughty Girl" ||Most performed song  ||
|| Songwriter of the year ||
| style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2"|New Musical Express, UK (NME)
|rowspan="2"| "Crazy in Love" (with Jay-Z) || NME Rocklist (End-of-Year Review) ||
||NME Record of the Year (Singles) ||
| style="text-align:left;"|Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards
||"Crazy in Love" (with Jay-Z) || Favorite Female Performer ||
| style="text-align:left;"|Soul Train Music Awards, USA
|| Dangerously in Love|| Best R&B/Soul Album  ||
| style="text-align:left;|Vibe Awards, USA
||2003 || "Crazy in Love" (with Jay-Z) || Coolest Collaboration ||
Neo soul albums
Until the End of Time is a R&B song written by Justin Timberlake, Tim Mosley, and Nate Hills and is the first single from the deluxe edition of his studio album FutureSex/LoveSounds.
Although the song has not been officially released yet, it currently receives heavy radio airplay on Mainstream Urban stations.
The Benjamin Wright Orchestra also appears on the song.
The official date was November 26, 2006 for mainstream urban radio.
The single version of the song featuring Beyoncé Knowles debuted onJune 5, 2007 on US radio and the official single release will be on November 13, 2007.
A music video has been shot at the three major destinations: Philippines, Indonesia and Los Angeles (US) on October 24, 2007.
The video was released on MTV, November 22, 2007.
The Inquisition was the legal agent of the Catholic Church against heresy in the Middle Ages.
It did two main things.
First, it issued a list (the Index) of published books banned because they contained heresy.
The faithful were forbidden to read such books.
Second, it prosecuted individuals thought guilty of heresy.
Later versions of the Inquisitions had the power to use torture or the threat of torture to get confessions and religious conversions.
It had the power to order executions.
The standard method was to burn heretics alive, or to strangle them in public.
The actual deed was done by the civil authorities.
The full name of the Inquisition was the Sacred Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith () of the Catholic Church.
It developed in stages.
The first permanent Inquisition was established in 1229.
It was run by the Dominicans in Rome.
In 1478 Ferdinand II of Aragon and Queen Isabella I of Castile set up the Spanish Inquisition.
In 1542 Pope Paul III established the Congregation of the Holy Office of the Inquisition as a tribunal staffed with cardinals and other officials.
This version supervised the local Inquisitions in other countries, and also investigated important cases from Italy.
The most famous case it tried was that of Galileo Galilei in 1633.
The word Inquisition comes from Latin quaerere.
That means to turn, to ask a question.
Lahore () is the second biggest city in Pakistan.
It is the capital of the province of Punjab.
It is also known as the 'City of Gardens' because of its many parks and gardens.
This city is known for its rich culture and lively atmosphere.
Pakistan's major Urdu film industry Lollywood is based here at the "Cultural Heart of Pakistan".
It is 60 km (35 mi) west of Amritsar, India.
It has a semi-arid climate (BSh in the Köppen climate classification).
According to legend, the city was founded thousands of years ago by Lava or Lav, son of the deity Rama (hero of the Ramayana).
Its original name was either 'Lav-garh' (Fort of Lav/Lava) or 'Lavapuri' (Place of Lava/Lav) which was later changed to 'Lavhur' or 'Lahor' and then 'Lahore'.
According to historians and archaeologists, Lahore was the capital of several Hindu dynasties from around 300-250 BC onwards.
Probably the first of these dynasties was the 'Loh'(or Lav) dynasty of the Gujar tribe.
Some people also believe that this city is the same one mentioned by Ptolemy in his Geographia.
The ancient 'Walled City' was the old, proper Lahore, which later expanded in different directions.
Quite a lot of work was done on it by the kings of the Delhi Sultanate and then the Mughals.
Most of the newer areas and suburbs of the city are from the later British Raj from 1849 to 1947.
Lahore is historically an important place in the South Asian Subcontinent.
Famous buildings made here during the time of the Mughal Empire include the Badshahi Mosque, the Lahore Fort and the Shalimar Gardens.
It was capital of the Sikh Empire of the early 19th century.
Many of the city's old artifacts and historical treasures over the ages, can be seen at the famous Lahore Museum built later in the 19th century during British Indian rule.
Lahore is also important due to its role as a center of the Pakistan Movement later, and the famous Lahore Resolution of 1940 was passed here by the Working Committee of the All-India Muslim League, which eventually led to the making of an independent state of Pakistan in 1947.
This event is commemorated by the Minar-e-Pakistan building in Iqbal Park.
To the north of Lahore, near the Ravi River, lies the old suburb of Shah Dara, which is also considered to be historically significant, as the tombs of the Mughal Emperor Jahangir and his wife Nur Jahan, are situated here.
According to the early English traveler, Thomas Coryat, who visited Lahore in its 'Golden Age' during the reign of Jahangir, it was probably the finest city in the world at that time, and 'exceedeth evene Constantinople in greatnesse' (It was even greater than Constantinople).
Lahore is Pakistan's top educational center.
The old University of the Punjab has two campuses in the city.
Other old and famous institutions of higher learning include the Government College University (GCU), the Forman Christian College and the Kinnaird College for Women.
The National College of Arts, a specialized fine arts institute, is also located here.
The city is also home to Pakistan's most prestigious high school and college, the Aitchison College Lahore.
Other institutions include the Central Model School, St Anthony's School, the Beaconhouse School System, Lahore College of Arts and Sciences (LACAS) and the Lahore Grammar School and the world famous King Edward Medical University is also located in Lahore.
Lahore is Pakistan's cultural, literary and artistic heart.