the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
It was as a result of Ford's work, as well as his own, that Dobzhansky changed the emphasis in the third edition of his famous text from drift to selection.
Ford predicted that human blood group polymorphisms might be maintained in the population by providing some protection against disease.
Six years after this prediction it was found to be so, and furthermore, heterozygous advantage was decisively established by a study of AB x AB crosses.
His magnum opus was Ecological genetics, which ran to four editions and was widely influential.
He laid much of the groundwork for subsequent studies in this field, and was invited as a consultant to help set up similar research groups in several other countries.
Amongst Ford's many publications, perhaps the most popularly successful was the first book in the New Naturalist series, Butterflies.
Ford also went on in 1955 to write Moths  in the same series, one of only a few to have authored more than one book in the series.
E.B. Ford worked for many years on genetic polymorphism.
Polymorphism in natural populations is frequent; the key feature is the occurrence together of two or more discontinuous forms of a species in some kind of balance.
So long as the proportions of each form is above mutation rate, then selection must be the cause.
As early as 1930 Fisher had discussed a situation where, with alleles at a single locus, the heterozygote is more viable than either homozygote.
That is a typical genetic mechanism for causing this type of polymorphism.
The work involves a synthesis of field research, taxonomy, and laboratory genetics.
Aster is a genus of flowering plants.
It belongs in the family Asteraceae.
The genus once had nearly 600 species in Eurasia and North America.
After morphologic and molecular research on the genus during the 1990s, it was decided that the North American species are better treated in a series of other related genera.
After this split there are about 180 species within the genus.
Common species
Aster alpinus - Alpine Aster
Aster amellus - European Michaelmas Daisy or Italian Aster
Aster linosyris - Goldilocks Aster
Aster pringlei
Aster scaber
Aster sibiricus
Aster subulatus - Hairless Fleabane
Aster tataricus - Tatarian Aster
Aster tongolensis
Aster tripolium - Sea Aster
Common North American species
Here is a list of some common North American species that are no longer in the genus Aster:
Aster breweri (now Eucephalus breweri) - Brewer's Aster
Aster cordifolius (now Symphyotrichum cordifolium) - Blue Wood Aster
Aster divaricatus (now Eurybia divaricata) - White Wood Aster
Aster ericoides (now Symphyotrichum ericoides) - Heath Aster
Aster laevis (now Symphyotrichum laeve) - Smooth Aster
Aster lateriflorus (now Symphyotrichum lateriflorum) - Lady in Black, Calico Aster
Aster novae-angliae (now Symphyotrichum novae-angliae) - New England Aster
Aster novi-belgii (now Symphyotrichum novi-belgii) - New York Aster
Aster peirsonii (now Oreostemma peirsonii) - Peirson's Aster
Aster pilosus (now Symphyotrichum pilosum) - Frost Aster
Aster scopulorum (now Ionactis alpina) - Lava Aster
Aster at Ontario Wildflowers
Tokyo - Akihabara - Ueno
Kanda - Akihabara - Okachimachi
Chūō-Sōbu Line
Asakusabashi - Akihabara - Ochanomizu
Kodenmachō (H-14) - Akihabara (H-15) - Naka-Okachimachi (H-16)
Metropolitan Intercity Railway Company
Rapid, Semi Rapid, Local
Akihabara (01) - Shin-Okachimachi (02)
"Borderline" is a popular song by American singer Madonna.
It was released in 1984.
Madonna songs
Shin-Ōkubo - Takadanobaba - Mejiro
Ochiai (T-02) - Takadanobaba (T-03) - Waseda (T-04)
Seibu Railway
Seibu Shinjuku Line
Ltd Express "Koedo"
Seibu Shinjuku - Takadanobaba  - Tokorozawa
Ltd Express "Kawagoe"
Seibu Shinjuku - Takadanobaba  - Tanashi
Commuter Express, Expless, Semi Expless
Seibu Shinjuku - Takadanobaba  - Saginomiya
Seibu Shinjuku - Takadanobaba  - Shimo-Ochiai
Meet Me Halfway is a very popular song by music group The Black Eyed Peas.
It was the third single released off of their album The E.N.D..
Cirsium is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae.
It is one of many genera with the common name being thistles.
Other genera known as thistles include Carduus, Cynara, Onopordon, and Silybum.
They are mostly native to Eurasia and northern Africa.
There are about 60 species in North America (although many species have been naturalized outside their native ranges).
Cirsium vulgare is listed as a weed in nine US states.
Some species are planted in gardens for their beauty and to attract butterflies.
Cirsium acarna - Soldier Thistle
Cirsium acaule - Stemless Thistle, Dwarf Thistle
Cirsium altissimum - Roadside Thistle, Tall Thistle
Cirsium amblylepis - Mt. Tamalpais Thistle
Cirsium andersonii - Anderson's Thistle, Rose Thistle
Cirsium andrewsii - Franciscan Thistle
Cirsium araneans - Jeweled Thistle
Cirsium arcuum - Powderpuff Thistle
Cirsium aridum - Desert Thistle
Cirsium arizonicum - Arizona Thistle
Cirsium arvense - Creeping Thistle, Field Thistle, Canada Thistle
Cirsium arvense var.argenteum
Cirsium arvense var.
integrifolium
vestitum
Cirsium barnebyi - Barneby's Thistle
Cirsium brachycephalum
Cirsium brevifolium - Palouse Thistle
Cirsium brevistylum - Clustered Thistle
Cirsium calcareum - Cainville Thistle
Cirsium californicum - California Thistle
Cirsium callilepis - Fringebract Thistle
Cirsium campylon - Mount Hamilton Thistle
Cirsium canescens - Platte Thistle, Prairie Thistle
Cirsium canovirens - Graygreen Thistle
Cirsium canum - Queen Anne's Thistle
Cirsium carolinianum - Carolina Thistle, Soft Thistle
Cirsium caulescens
Cirsium centaureae
Cirsium chellyense - Queen Thistle
Cirsium chuskaense - Monarch Thistle
Cirsium ciliolatum - Ashland Thistle
Cirsium clavatum - Lake Thistle
Cirsium clokeyi - Charleston Mountain Thistle, Whitespine Thistle
Cirsium congdonii - Rosette Thistle
Cirsium costaricense
Cirsium coulteri - Coulter’s Thistle
Cirsium crassicaule - Slough Thistle
Cirsium cymosum - Peregrine Thistle
Cirsium diacanthum
Cirsium discolor - Field Thistle, Pasture Thistle
Cirsium dissectum - Meadow Thistle
Cirsium douglasii
Cirsium drummondii - Dwarf Thistle
Cirsium durangense
Cirsium eatonii - Eaton's Thistle
Cirsium edule - Edible Thistle
Cirsium engelmannii - Engelmann Thistle, Engelmann's Thistle
Cirsium eriophorum - Woolly Thistle
Cirsium erisithales - Yellow Melancholy Thistle
Cirsium esculentum
Cirsium flodmanii - Flodman Thistle, Flodman's Thistle
Cirsium foliosum - Drummond's Thistle, Elk Thistle, Leafy Thistle, Meadow Thistle
Cirsium fontinale - Fountain Thistle
Cirsium gilense - Gila Thistle
Cirsium grahamii - Graham's Thistle
Cirsium griseum - Gray Thistle
Cirsium hallii - Hall's Thistle
Cirsium helenioides - Melancholy Thistle, Common Melancholy Thistle
Cirsium heterophyllum - Melancholy Thistle
Cirsium hillii - Hill's Thistle
Cirsium hookerianum - White Thistle
Cirsium horridulum - Yellow Thistle
Cirsium humboldtense - Humboldt County Thistle
Cirsium hydrophilum - Suisun Thistle
Cirsium hypoleucum
Cirsium inornatum - Cloudcroft Thistle
Cirsium japonicum - Japanese Thistle
Cirsium kamtschaticum - Kamchatka Thistle
Cirsium lanatum - Hairy Thistle
Cirsium laterifolium - Porcupine Thistle
Cirsium lecontei - Le Conte's Thistle
Cirsium leo
Cirsium libanoticum
Cirsium loncholepis - LaGraciosa Thistle
Cirsium longistylum - Longstyle Thistle
Cirsium maritimum
Cirsium mendocinum - Mendocino Thistle
Cirsium mexicanum - Mexican Thistle
Cirsium modestum - Lacy Thistle
Cirsium mohavense - Mojave Thistle
Cirsium murdockii - Murdock's Thistle
Cirsium muticum - Swamp Thistle
Cirsium navajoense - Navajo Thistle
Cirsium neomexicanum - Lavender Thistle, New Mexico Thistle
Cirsium nipponicum
Cirsium nuttallii - Nuttall's Thistle
Cirsium occidentale -Cobweb Thistle
Cirsium ochrocentrum - Yellowspine Thistle
Cirsium oleraceum - Cabbage thistle
Cirsium olivescens - Summer Thistle
Cirsium oreophilum - Crow Thistle
Cirsium osterhoutii - Osterhout's Thistle
Cirsium ownbeyi - Ownbey's Thistle
Cirsium pallidum - Pale Thistle
Cirsium palustre - Marsh thistle, European Swamp Thistle
Cirsium parryi - Parry's Thistle
Cirsium pastoris - Snowy Thistle
Cirsium peckii - Steen Mountain Thistle
Cirsium pendulum
Cirsium perplexans - Rocky Mountain Thistle
Cirsium pitcheri - Pitcher's Thistle, Sand Dune Thistle
Cirsium praeteriens - Palo Alto Thistle, Lost Thistle
Cirsium proteanum - Red Thistle
Cirsium pulcherrimum - Wyoming Thistle
Cirsium pumilum - Pasture Thistle
Cirsium pyrenaicum
Cirsium quercetorum - Alameda County Thistle
Cirsium remotifolium - Fewleaf Thistle
Cirsium remotifolium var.
remotifolium - Fewleaf Thistle
Cirsium repandum - Sandhill Thistle
Cirsium rhaphilepis
Cirsium rhothophilum - Surf Thistle
Cirsium rivulare
Cirsium rothrockii - Rothrock's Thistle
Cirsium rusbyi - Rusby's Thistle
Cirsium rydbergii - Rydberg's Thistle
Cirsium scabrum - Rough Thistle
Cirsium scapanolepis - Mountain Slope Thistle
Cirsium scariosum - Meadow Thistle
Cirsium scopulorum - Mountain Thistle
Cirsium segetum
Cirsium serrulatum
Cirsium spinosissimum
Cirsium subniveum - Gray Thistle, Jackson Hole Thistle
Cirsium tanakae
Cirsium texanum - Texas Thistle
Cirsium tioganum - Stemless Thistle
Cirsium tuberosum - Tuberous Thistle.
Similar to Cirsium dissectum (Meadow Thistle).
Cirsium turneri - Cliff Thistle
Cirsium undulatum - Gray Thistle, Wavy-leaf Thistle, Wavyleaf Thistle
Cirsium undulatum var.
tracyi - Tracy's Thistle, Wavyleaf Thistle
undulatum - Wavyleaf Thistle
Cirsium validus - Graceful Thistle
Cirsium vernale - Spring Thistle
Cirsium vinaceum - Sacramento Mountain Thistle, Sacramento Mountains Thistle
Cirsium virginense - Virgin Thistle
Cirsium virginianum - Virginia Thistle
Cirsium vulgare - Bull Thistle, Spear Thistle, Common Thistle, Fuller's Thistle (syn.
C. lanceolatum)
Cirsium wheeleri - Wheeler's Thistle
Cirsium wrightii - Wright's Thistle
Cirsium × canalense - Canal Thistle
Cirsium × crassum - Thistle
Cirsium × erosum - Glory Thistle
Cirsium × iowense - Iowa Thistle
Cirsium × vancouverense - Vancouver Thistle
Oblast is a type of administrative division in most Slavic countries and some countries of the former Soviet Union.
The word "oblast" is used in English as well, but it is often translated as "area", "zone", "province", or "region".
The last translation may lead to confusion, because the subdivision of "oblast" is called "raion" which can be translated as "region" or "district" as well.
Oblasts are a type of administrative division of Belarus, Bulgaria, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Ukraine, it was also used by the Soviet Union which does not exist anymore.
Official terms in successor states of the Soviet Union differ, the majority (except Turkmenistan, Tajikistan and the Baltics) still use a cognate of the Russian term, e.g. voblast (voblasts, voblasts' , ) is used for provinces of Belarus, and oblys (plural: oblystar) for provinces of Kazakhstan.
Oblasts of Bulgaria
Since 1997, Bulgaria has been divided into 28 oblasti, usually translated as provinces.
Before, the country was divided into nine bigger units, also called oblast.
Oblasts of Byelorussia
Byelorussia is divided into 6 oblasts.
Oblasts of the Russian Empire
In the Russian Empire, oblasts were considered to be administrative units and were included as parts of Governorates General or krais.
The majority of then-existing oblasts were on the periphery of the country or covered the areas where Cossacks lived.
Oblasts of the Soviet Union
In the former Soviet Union, oblasts were one of the types of administrative divisions of the union republics.
As any administrative units of this level, oblasts were composed of districts (raions) and cities/towns directly under oblasts' jurisdiction.
The names of oblasts did not usually correspond to the names of the historical regions, as they were created as purely administrative units.
Terms used to describe oblasts in post-Soviet countries
Armenia: marz
Belarus: voblast (vobłaść)
Georgia: mkhare
Kazakhstan: oblys
Kyrgyzstan: oblast
Tajikistan: viloyat
Turkmenistan: welayat
Uzbekistan: viloyat
Viloyat and welayat come from the Arabic language term wilāya (ولاية)
According to the Constitution of Russia, oblasts are considered to be subjects of the Federation, which is a higher status than that of administrative units they had within the Soviet Union.
The federal subject status gives the oblasts some degree of autonomy and gives them representation in the Federation Council.
Oblasts of Yugoslavia
Oblasts were administrative units of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes between 1922 and 1929.
During that period, the country was divided into 33 oblasts.
In 1929, oblasts were replaced with larger administrative units known as banovinas.
During the Wars] that split Yugoslavia several Serbian Autonomous Oblasts were formed in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina.
These oblasts were later merged into the Republic of Serbian Krajina and the Republika Srpska.
The Rockford IceHogs are an American professional ice hockey team that was founded in 2007 they play in the American Hockey League and are the farm team of the Chicago Blackhawks.
They play in Rockford, Illinois at the Rockford MetroCentre.
They were a member of the United Hockey League from 1999 to 2007.
Rockford IceHogs Official Site
The Internet Hockey Database - Rockford IceHogs (AHL)
The Internet Hockey Database - Rockford IceHogs (UHL)
Rockford IceHogs Official Twitter
2007 establishments in Illinois
The Belfast Agreement, also known as the Good Friday Agreement, was a political agreement in the Northern Ireland peace process during The Troubles.
It was signed in Belfast on 10 April 1998 (Good Friday) by the British and Irish governments and it was supported by most of the political parties in Northern Ireland.
On 23 May 1998 the Agreement got the support of the voters of Northern Ireland in a referendum.
Also on the same day, voters in the Republic of Ireland voted separately to change their constitution in line with the Agreement.
Northern Ireland's Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) was the only large party in the whole of Ireland that was against the Agreement.
The Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) is the biggest of the two main unionist political parties in Northern Ireland.
It was founded by Ian Paisley and the current leader is Edwin Poots.
It is the largest political party in Northern Ireland, with 10 of 18 Northern Irish seats in the UK Parliament as well as 28 of 90 seats in the Northern Ireland Assembly.
They strongly support Northern Ireland staying in the United Kingdom, and are very conservative.
Political parties in Northern Ireland
The Tōzai Line (東京メトロ東西線,とうきょうメトロとうざいせん) is a metro line of Tokyo Metro in Tokyo, Japan.
▲: Tōyō Rapid, Rapid and Commuter Rapid trains pass
■: Tōyō Rapid and Rapid trains pass
Rolling Stock
Tokyo Metro 07 series
Tokyo Metro 15000 series
Former Trains
Tokyo Metro 5000 series
Andrew Ladd (born December 12, 1985) is a Canadian professional ice hockey centre.
He currently plays for the New York Islanders of the National Hockey League (NHL).
He has also played for the Carolina Hurricanes, Atlanta Thrashers, Winnipeg Jets, and Chicago Blackhawks.
He played minor league hockey on the Pacific Vipers with his former teammates Troy Brouwer, Brent Seabrook and Colin Fraser.
He won the Stanley Cup in 2006 with the Carolina Hurricanes and again in 2010 with the Chicago Blackhawks.
He also played in the NHL for the now defunct Atlanta Thrashers.
Calgary Hitmen players
Vancouver Giants players
Winnipeg Jets players
Fuller's Teasel (Dipsacus fullonum) is a species of plant.
It is also known as Wild Teasel.
It belongs in the teasel family (Dipsacaceae).
It is native to Eurasia and Africa, and has been naturalized in the Americas, southern Africa, Australia, and New Zealand.
This species grows to a height of 2–10 feet.
The flowers are small and lavender-colored.
They are arranged in an oval flower-head, which also contains many small leaves.
These are hard and have a hooked and pointed tip.
In ancient times, this plant was grown in gardens because its dry flower-heads were used to prepare wool for spinning.
This was done by combing the raw wool with the flower-heads, so that the fibres were arranged neatly.
The people who prepared wool were called "fullers", which is the origin of the plant's English and scientific names.
Fuller's Teasel was also used in folk medicine, for example against skin infections.
Dipsacus fullonum at USDA PLANTS Database
Dipsacus fullonum at Kansas Wildflowers and Grasses
A medical illustrator or medical artist is an artist that professionally works to use art to help to explain and record knowledge related to biology and medicine.
They don't only make these things, but they can also work as consultants or administrators in the field of biocommunication.
They make medical pictures using original and modern ways of doing things.
These pictures appear in textbooks and advertisements about medicine, as well as professional journals and videos made to help instruct people in various medical procedures.
Medical pictures or diagrams have been made for hundreds of years or longer.
Many of these pictures or diagrams look different than the ones that we see today because they were based on the studies of the scholars of that period in time rather than observing the thing that they wanted to draw directly.
As a job, medical illustration has a more recent history.
In the late 1890s, Max Brödel, who was an artist from Leizpig, was brought to the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine to draw pictures for several notable clinicians, including Harvey Cushing, William Halstead, and Howard Kelly.
Max Brödel also made several new techniques for drawing medical pictures, such as carbon dust.
He also looked over the making of first academic department of medical illustration, which is still active today.
Article about Medical Illustrators on mshealthcenteers
The 1916 Stanley Cup Final was played between the National Hockey Association (NHA) winners Montreal Canadiens and the Pacific Coast Hockey Association (PCHA) winners Portland Rosebuds.
This was the first time that a best-of-five Cup series had all five games played.
The Rosebuds were the first team from the United States to play for the Cup.
The Canadiens defeated the Rosebuds three games to two and won the Cup for the first time.
1916 in the United States
20th century in Oregon
Canadian Horseweed (Conyza canadensis) is species of plant.
It is also known as Canadian Fleabane, Coltstail, and Marestail.
It is native to North America and Central America.
It has been naturalized in Alaska and Hawai'i.
This species is found in prairies, fields, along roadsides, gardens, and stream edges.
It has a height of 3 inches to 10 feet.
Conyza canadensis at USDA PLANTS Database
Conyza canadensis at Kansas Wildflowers and Grasses
Conyza canadensis, a plant also known as Canadian Horseweed and Canadian Fleabane
Equisetum, a genus of plants also known as Horsetail and Pipeweed
Hippuris, a genus of aquatic flowering plants
Grey Mare's Tail, near Moffat in Dumfriesshire, Scotland
Grey Mare's Tail, Llanrwst in the Conwy valley in north Wales
Mare's tail, a type of cirrus cloud formation.
The Twilight Saga: New Moon is a movie based on the book, New Moon, one of the Twilight saga books by Stephenie Meyer.
It is the second movie to be made about the teenage vampires, the first being Twilight.
The movie, directed by Chris Weitz, stars Kristen Stewart as Bella, and Robert Pattinson as Edward.
Filming for the third movie in the series, Eclipse, started before New Moon was finished.
In the USA the movie made $140.7 million on its opening weekend.
In Australia, the movie set the record for the most money on an opening weekend with AU$16.01 million, or more than one million tickets.
Twilight is about a girl (Bella) who falls in love with two guys (Edward a vampire & Jake a ware wolf) Bella sacrafises her life when she gets married to Edward.
She then gets pregnant with Edwards child which sucks the life of her .
As she gives birth to her baby she dies that's when Edward has to bring her back to life by bitting her and adding his venom on her in order for her live
The Treaty of Maastricht was a treaty signed between European countries, in the Dutch city of Maastricht, on 7 February 1992.
This treaty made possible further integration between European states, and made possible the existence of the European Union, doing better than previous treaties such as the Treaty of Rome.
European integration went even further with the Treaty of Lisbon, which was signed in 2007 and became effective in December 2009.
1992 works
The Treaty of Lisbon was signed on 13 December 2007 between 27 European states that are members of the European Union (EU).
It became effective on December 1, 2009.
It is now the document that defines the Union, but it is not a constitution.
It gives a common set of rules that the member states have agreed to use on subjects where they have decided to work together.
It does better than previous treaties such as the Treaty of Rome and the Treaty of Maastricht.
It gives the European Union new things, such as:
a President of the European Council (who is not the President of the European Union – there is no such job).
a High Representative for Common Foreign and Security Policy, who is a member of the European Commission and who represents the Union around the world.
stronger role for the European Parliament, which is directly elected by citizens of the EU,
the ability to make more decisions by "qualified majority".
Although some decisions require that all member states agree, there are more that can be decided if there is a large majority.
better police and justice across the continent.
Booklet by the European Commission available on europa.net
The President of the European Council is a position that was created by the Treaty of Lisbon.
The President is the chairman of the European Council, which is the meeting of the leaders of all the member states.
It's a very diplomatic figure, and it's not like a head of state: the President does not have any power to make decisions about the European Union.
The Union has several other presidents, such as the president of the European Parliament and the president of the European Commission.
But the President of the European Council, casually but wrongly known as The President of Europe, is the face by which the European Union is known to the rest of the world.
The more practical aspects of this task are the responsibility of the High Representative for Common Foreign and Security Policy, the Commissioner responsible for external affairs.
List of president
Rotating presidents (1975–2009)
Permanent presidents (since 2009)
The High Representative for Common Foreign and Security Policy is a position created by the Treaty of Lisbon, starting December 1, 2009 (it was actually already created in 1999).
The position is part of the European Commission.
Jürgen Trumpf (acting, from Germany): 1999
Javier Solana (from Spain): 1999-2009
Catherine Ashton (from the United Kingdom): 2009-2014
Federica Mogherini (from Italy): 2014-present
Catherine Margaret Ashton, Baroness Ashton of Upholland,  (born 20 March 1956 at Upholland, Lancashire) is a British Labour politician.
She was born in Upholland, Lancashire, England.
In November 2009, she was appointed to be the first European Foreign Minister.
Ashton's profile on the European Commission web site
Herman Van Rompuy (born 31 October 1947) is a Belgian politician.
In November 2009 he was appointed the first permanent President of the European Council, which is the meeting of the heads of government of all of the member states of the European Union.
Belgian economists
Belgian educators
Christelijke Volkspartij politicians
Christen-Democratisch en Vlaams politicians
Flemish politicians
Government ministers of Belgium
Prime Ministers of Belgium
The Treaty of Rome was signed on 25 March 1957 between six European coutries (Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and Germany.
After centuries of wars, those countries started to act together for more peace and prosperity.
This treaty was the basis of the European Economic Community.
It was one of two treaties (the other being Treaty of Maastricht) that created the European Union.
It created a common market for goods and people.
Other countries later joined it.
1957 in Europe
Shinhwa, first started in the year 1998, is a Korean band.
It is made up of six male members.
In the earlier years of the band, they were under SM Entertainment, later switching to Good Entertainment.
David Russell Gordon "Dave" Davies (born 3 February 1947 in Fortis Green, London) is an English rock musician who is best known as the lead guitar player in English rock group The Kinks.
His brother Ray Davies was the band's lead singer.
In 2003, Davies was listed at 88 in Rolling Stone's list of the "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time."
a cake made with, or flavoured with, coffee;
a cake intended to be served with coffee or for similar breaks and snacks.
This type of cake may or may not contain coffee.
Coffee cakes are typically single layer cakes that may be square or rectangular like a Stollen.
Coffee cakes are typically flavored with cinnamon, nuts, and fruits.
These cakes sometimes have a crumbly or crumb topping called Streusel and a light glaze drizzle.
In American, they are frequently eaten at festive breakfasts.
Mi plan (My Plan) is the fourth studio album by singer Nelly Furtado It is also her first ever all Spanish album.
It was released in September, 2009.
Seven of the songs were written together by Furtado and Cuban musician, Alex Cuba.
"Manos al Aire" was the first single released from the album.
It was on the radio on June 30, 2009, with digital versions on sale the next day.
The Swahili are a people and culture found on the East coast of Africa, mainly the coastal regions and the islands of Kenya and Tanzania, and north Mozambique.
The Swahili number is at around 1,328,000.
The number of Swahili speakers, on the other hand, numbers at around 90 million people.
The name Swahili comes from the Arabic word Sawahil and means "coastal dwellers".
Swahili is official language only in Tanzania.
Swahili speakers who live elsewhere in East Africa also have to use the official languages of their respective countries: English in Kenya, Portuguese in Mozambique, and French in Comoros.
Only a small part of those who use Swahili are first language speakers and even fewer are ethnic Swahilis.
This point is often obscured by the Swahili linguistic tradition in which those who speak the language are often called Swahili (Waswahili) regardless of their actual ethnic origins.
In other words, the term 'Swahili' can mean 'those who speak Swahili' or it can mean 'ethnic Swahili people'.
The Swahili are unique Bantu inhabitants of the East African Coast mainly from Kenya, Tanzania, and Mozambique.
They are mainly united by culture and under the mother tongue of Kiswahili, a Bantu language.
There are Arab, Persian, and other migrants who reached the coast some believe as early as the 7th-8th c. CE, and mixed with the local people there, that are regarded as Swahili now.
Because of this influence the Swahili language contains many loan words from Arabic and Persian.
Archaeologist, Felix Chami thinks that Bantu settlements at the East African coast existed already at the beginning of the 1st millennium.
From the 6th century onward they became more important as there was an increase in trade (mainly with Arab merchants), population growth, and further centralized urbanization.
So the Swahili City-States developed.
Islam came to the East African coast around 1012 AD, when the traders from the Persian Gulf and the Arabian Peninsula continued to journey to these parts during monsoon seasons and to have contact with the local people through trade, marriage, and an exchange of ideas.
Because of this interaction, most of the Swahili today are Muslim.
The Swahili follow a very strict and orthodox form of Islam.
For centuries the Swahili depended greatly on trade from the Indian Ocean.
The Swahili have played a vital role as middle man between east, central and South Africa, and the outside world.
Trade contacts have been noted as early as 100 A.D. by early Roman writers who visited the East African coast in the first century.
Trade routes extended across Tanzania into modern day Zaire.
Along these goods were brought to the coasts and were sold to Arab, Indian, and Portuguese traders and even reached as far as China and India.
Materials of this trade were also found at Great Zimbabwe.
During the Middle Ages, ivory and slaves became a substantial source of income.
Many slaves who were sold in Zanzibar ended up in Brazil, which was then a Portuguese colony.
Swahili fishermen of today still rely on the ocean to supply their primary source of income.
Fish is sold to their inland neighbors in exchange for products of the interior.
The Story of Africa: The Swahili — BBC World Service
Swahili Culture
The Tudor period usually refers to the period between 1485 and 1603, specifically in relation to the history of England.
This was the period when the Tudor dynasty ruled in England.
Its first monarch was Henry VII (1457– 1509).
The term is often used more broadly to include Elizabeth I's reign (1558– 1603), although this is often treated separately as the Elizabethan era.
Following the Black Death and the agricultural depression of the late 14th century, population grew bigger again.
The export of woollen products to mainland Europe helped the economy rather much.
Henry VII got favourable trading conditions in 1496.
The high wages and abundance of available land seen in the late 14th century and early 15th century were replaced with low wages and a land shortage.
Various inflationary pressures, perhaps due to influx of New World gold and rising population, meant that the gap between the rich and poor widened.
This was a period of significant change for the majority of the rural population, because enclosure started.
Financial Development of Tudor Government, 1536-53
The Tudor Government raised a huge amount of revenue from the dissolution of the monasteries.
The clerical income from First Fruits and Tenths, which previously went to the Pope, now went to the King.
Partly because of the new revenue raised from the dissolution of monasteries, Cromwell created revenue courts to allot the royal income properly to various departments.
These were the six courts or departments of state, each fully organised with its own specialised officials, with seals and habitat, and responsible for a particular kind of revenue.
The growing number of departments meant that the number of officials involved increased, which made the management of revenue troublesome and expensive.
There were further financial and administrative difficulties of the years 1540-58.
Henry’s war with France and Somerset’s war with France and Scotland cost England huge sums of money.
The royal Mint was used to generate revenue by producing coins with less quality.
Significant events of the period
Battle of Stoke (1487)
In 1487 Henry VII's enemies from the House of York had crowned a pretender and landed a small army off the coast of Cumbria with the intention of stealing the crown.
Henry VII defeated them at East Stoke.
This was perhaps the last battle in the Wars of the Roses.
This was perhaps the most significant series of events which took place during the Tudor period.
It began as a result of Henry VIII's quarrel with Pope Clement VII regarding his refusal to grant a divorce.
Norfolk Rebellion (1549)
Beginning in 1549, this was to be the largest popular uprising during the Tudor period.
It was at first intended as a demonstration against enclosures of common land.
The leader, Robert Kett, was hanged for treason.
About a third of the population lived in poverty with the wealthy expected to give alms to assist the impotent poor.
Tudor law was harsh on those unable to find work.
Those who left their parishes in order to find work were called vagabonds and could be punished by whipping.
Average life span was 35.
This was because of the poor amount of medicines and doctors at the time.
High rates of childhood mortality saw only 33-50% of the population reaching the age of 16.
Although home to only a small part of the population the Tudor municipalities were overcrowded and unhygenic.
Most municipalities were unpaved although this differed in larger towns and cities.
There were no sewers or drains  and rubbish was simply abandoned in the street.
Animals such as rats thrived in these conditions.
In larger towns and cities, such as London, common diseases arising from lack of sanitation included smallpox, measles, malaria, typhus, diphtheria, Scarlet fever, and chickenpox.
Outbreaks of the Black Death pandemic occurred in 1498, 1535, 1543, 1563, 1589 and 1603.
The reason for the speedy spread of the disease was the increase of rats infected by fleas carrying the disease.
Food and diet
The food consumed by the dinvery rich in this period consisted largely of venison, and often of blackbirds and larks.
Fruits and vegetables were only eaten by Tudors when it was in season.
However, potatoes had not reached the table to any great extent, because farmers had only just begun growing them, although explorers such as Sir Walter Raleigh had brought them to Britain.
Homes and dwellings
The majority of the population lived in small villages.
Their homes comprised, as in earlier centuries, of thatched huts with one or two rooms.
Furniture was basic with stools being commonplace rather than chairs.
Mansions had many chimneys for the many fireplaces required to keep the vast rooms warm.
These fires were also the only way of cooking food.
The very large houses were often, designed in symmetrical shapes such as 'E' and 'H'.
Poorer children never went to school.
Children from better-off families had tutors to teach them reading and French.
However, boys were often sent to schools which belonged to the monasteries and there they would learn mainly Latin in classes of up to 60 boys.
Schools were harsh and caning was not unheard of.
Pastimes
The rich used to go hunting to kill deer and wild boar for their feasts.
They also enjoyed fencing and jousting contests.
Most rich people watched bear fighting.
In the Tudor times fashion was a display of how wealthy you were.
Wealthy people — such as royalty — could afford to have clothes made out of fine linen or silk.
These outfits cost hundreds and hundreds of pounds.
They would also have them embroidered with gold thread and very sparkly and expensive jewels.
Ladies had to wear corsets which were made out of bone and they were ever so tight and made your stomach and waist smaller so you looked skinnier.
Poorer people would wear simple clothes made from wool, tunic and trousers for men, and a long dress worn with an apron on top for poor women.
Henry VII (1485 to 1509)
Henry VIII (1509 to 1547)
Edward VI (1547 to 1553)
Lady Jane Grey  (1553) - Nominal queen for nine days in failed bid to prevent accession of Mary I. Not a member of the House of Tudor.
Mary I (1553 to 1558)
Elizabeth I (1558 to 1603)
Harrington, Peter.
The Castles of Henry VIII.
Oxford, Osprey, 2007.
Tudor food - learning resources from the British Library
BBC History - Tudor Period
He played in the NBA with the Utah Jazz for 10 seasons and then played in Russia with his original team, CSKA Moscow.
After playing a season with them, he returned to the NBA and signed with the Minnesota Timberwolves on July 27, 2012.
He is of Russian origin.
His jersey number is 47.
He is nicknamed AK-47 because of his jersey number and because the AK-47 came from Russia.
Andrei Kirilenko at NBA.com
Vanessa Redgrave CBE (Blackheath, London, England, 30 January 1937) is an English actress.
She is active in theatre, movies and television.
Born in a theatrical family, her father was actor Sir Michael Redgrave (1908-1985).
Her mother was actress Rachel Kempson (1910-2003).
Her brother Corin Redgrave (1939-2010) and sister Lynn Redgrave (1943-2010) were both actors.
She began her career in theatre in 1958 with the Royal Shakespeare Company.
She made her movie debut in 1966 in Morgan, a Suitable Case for Treatment, followed by Blowup.
In 1967, she appeared in the musical Camelot, opposite Richard Harris.
Other notable movies have included; The Charge of the Light Brigade (1968), Isadora (1969), The Devils (1970), The Trojan Women (1971), Mary Queen of Scots (1972), Murder on the Orient-Express (1974), Julia (1977), for which she won an Academy Award for best supporting actress, Agatha (1979), The Bostonians (1984), Wetherby (1985), Howard Ends (1992), Mrs Dalloway (1997), etc.
On television, she appeared in Playing for Time in 1980, which won her an Emmy Award for best actress, as well as in the teleseries Peter The Great (1986) and Young Catherine (1991).
Redgrave was married to movie director Tony Richardson from 1962 until 1967, with whom she had two daughters: actresses Natasha Richardson (1963-2009) and Joely Richardson (b. 1965).
She has a son, Carlo Gabriel Nero (b. 1969) with Italian actor Franco Nero, whom she married in 2006.
The Illustrated Who's Who of the Cinema, Lloyd, Fuller & Desser, Portland House, New York, 1987.
WarioWare D.I.Y., known in Japan as , is a minigame video game released for the Nintendo DS in 2009.
It is the seventh title in the WarioWare series.
It was first revealed on October 2, 2008 and it was released in  Japan on April 29, 2009.
In North America, it was announced at E3 2009 on June 2nd, 2009.
WarioWare D.I.Y. allows players to design their own minigames, creating their own graphics, music and designing a 'cassette' for them.
The game features three sections in its main menu: My House, where the player designs minigames, WarioWare, the tutorial, and My Shop, where the player makes microgame cassettes.
When creating the music, the player can sing through the DS's microphone, which the DS then turns them into notes.
These notes can then be performed by various instruments such as pig noises.
Players can send their creations to other D.I.Y. owners or receive other people's works.
They can also be uploaded to Nintendo Wi-Fi connection for contest purposes.
Microgames made available by Nintendo can be downloaded, too.
Additionally, the WiiWare game Asobu Made in Ore allows users to play the microgames on the Wii with the Wii remote's pointer.
Philip Tyler Keaggy (born March 23, 1951 in Youngstown, Ohio) is an American musician.
He is most famous for playing Contemporary Christian music.
He has won seven Dove Awards for his instrumental albums and he has been nominated twice for the Grammy Award for "Best Rock Gospel Album."
The style of guitar playing he is most famous for is his "fingerpicking" style which means he usually plucks the strings with his fingers rather than use a plastic guitar pick.
Many guitar magazines have voted him as one of the best in the world at the fingerpicking style.
PhilKeaggy.com
The Apocynaceae or dogbane family is a family of flowering plants in the order Gentianales.
It includes trees, shrubs, herbs, and lianas.
They usually have a milky sap.
There are about 200 genera and 2,000 species.
A reaction inhibitor is a substance that slows down chemical reactions without being involved in the actual reaction.
It does the opposite of a catalyst, which speeds up reactions without undergoing a permanent change in itself.
An example is snake venom, which is deadly for humans because it can slow down their internal chemical reactions.
The Azad Jammu and Kashmir Regiment is one of the six infantry regiments of Pakistan Army.
Its Azad Jammu and Kashmir Regimental Centre is located at Mansar (Pakistan), Attock District, The Pak-Punjab.
The Federal Capital Territory (FCT) around Karachi was the original Capital territory of Pakistan.
The FCT was created in 1948 from the city of Karachi and surrounding areas as the location for Pakistan's capital following independence.
The FCT was bordered by the province of Sind Province (1936–1955) to the northeast and the princely state of State of Las Bela to the northwest with the Arabian Sea to the south.
Merlot is a type of red wine and it is the main agricultural production of the Swiss canton called ticino.
Iconostasis is the name given to a "wall" of icons in Eastern Orthodox Churches.
These icons or religious paintings divide the church into a part for the public, and one which is reserved to priests, called the sanctuary.
Charles Bronson (Charles Dennis Buchinsky; November 3, 1921 – August 30, 2003) was an American actor.
He was a Purple Heart recipient.
He was born in Ehrenfeld, Pennsylvania.
Bronson was married to Jill Ireland (his second marriage, 1968–1990) until her death from breast cancer.
He died of pneumonia and Alzheimer's disease.
He is of Tatar origin.
He played Paul Kersey in the Death Wish movie series.
He was 5'9".
He was 81 years old when he died.
His real full name was Charles Dennis Buchinsky
Born Charles Buchinsky, Bronson changed his last name during his early career in the 1950s during the rise of McCarthyism.
This was suggested by his agent in order to save his career from potentially being blacklisted as a communist.
Japanese fansite
The Sundance Film Festival is an American movie festival that takes place every year in Utah.
It is one of the largest independent movie festivals in the United States.
The festival is held in January in Park City, Salt Lake City, Ogden, and at the Sundance Resort.
It is an event for new work from American and international independent movie makers.
The festival has competition for American and international drama and documentary movies, feature films and short films.
The 2015 Sundance Film Festival took place January 22 to February 1, 2015.
What Happened, Miss Simone?,
a documentary about American singer Nina Simone, opened the festival.
A comedy-drama movie, Grandma, was the closing night movie.
It  stars Lily Tomlin.
Success of festival
The festival has also given more attention and a larger audience to such movies as Saw, Super Troopers, The Blair Witch Project, Spanking the Monkey, Reservoir Dogs, Primer, Little Miss Sunshine, Clerks, Sex, Lies, and Videotape, The Brothers McMullen, Afternoon Delight, Napoleon Dynamite, and Whiplash.
Sundancing: Hanging Out And Listening In At America's Most Important Film Festival.
Harper Paperbacks, 2000.
Biskind, Peter.
Down and Dirty Pictures: Miramax, Sundance, and the Rise of Independent Film.
Simon & Schuster, 2004.
Craig, Benjamin.
Sundance – A Festival Virgin's Guide.
Cinemagine Media Publishing, 2004.
Smith, Lory.
Party in a Box: The Story of the Sundance Film Festival .
Gibbs Smith Publishers, 1999.
von Roon, Alexander. "
Grass and dark Tunnels: Sundance is a Marketing-Tool for the US Film Industry", Berliner Zeitung 2000.
Sundance: A Festival Virgin's Guide – detailed festival history and information for attendees
Turner Field is a baseball ballpark in Atlanta, Georgia, home to the Atlanta Braves.
The park first opened in 1996 to host the Summer Olympics in Atlanta, when it was known as Centennial Olympic Stadium.
After the Olympics, the park was changed to allow baseball to be played, and opened for the 1997 braves season.,
The stadium replaces Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium, which was built in 1966.
On November 11, 2013, it was announced that the Braves would leave Turner Field for a new stadium in Cobb County.
The lease which allowed the Braves to play in Turner Field was set to end in 2016, and the team stated that many fans had problems getting to the stadium on game days.
At the new stadium's groundbreaking on September 16, 2014, that venue's name was revealed as SunTrust Park.
Sports buildings in Atlanta, Georgia
Stephanie Lynn "Stevie" Nicks (born May 26, 1948, in Phoenix, Arizona) is an American singer-songwriter.
She is best known for her work with Fleetwood Mac.
Within the band and as a solo singer, she has over forty Top 50 hits and has sold over 140 million albums.
Nicks was named "The Reigning Queen of Rock and Roll" and one of the "100 Greatest Singers of All Time" by Rolling Stone.
As a member of Fleetwood Mac, she was selected to be included in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1998.
She was included again in 2019 for her solo career.
With Fleetwood Mac, Nicks has been nominated for nine Grammy Awards.
They won the 1978 Grammy Award for Album of the Year for  Rumours.
They also won the 2003 Grammy Hall of Fame Award.
Tusk (1982)
Baloristan (Gilgit-Chitral) is the name of a region of Northern Areas of Pakistan.
It borders Pakistan's North-West Frontier to the west, Afghanistan and China to the north, Indian-occupied Jammu and Kashmir to the east, leading to the frozen wastes of the Third Pole.
Michael Curtis Waltrip (born April 30, 1963 in Owensboro, Kentucky) is an American race car driver and owner of his team called Michael Waltrip Racing.
Michael Waltrip is the younger brother of three time Sprint cup champion, Darrell Waltrip.
Jean Simmons (January 31, 1929 - January 22, 2010) was an Anglo-American actress.
She was active in movies, television and theatre.
Jean Simmons was born in London, England.
She began her acting career very young, and appeared in films like David Lean's Great Expectations (1946) and Laurence Olivier's Hamlet (1948) while still a teenager.
As a very promising young actress, she came to Hollywood in 1950, where she appeared in such films as The Robe (1953), Young Bess (1953), Désirée (1954), The Egyptian (1954), The Big Country (1958), Spartacus (1960), Elmer Gantry (1960), Life at the Top (1965), A Rough Night in Jericho (1967), etc.
In the 1970s, she gradually turned to television work, notably in the highly successful miniseries The Thorn Birds (1983), for which she won an Emmy Award for best supporting actress, and North and South  (1985).
Simmons was married twice.
Her first was to actor Stewart Granger from 1950 to 1960, with whom she had a daughter, Tracy (born 1956).
Simmons and Granger became American citizens in 1956.
The second was to film director Richard Brooks from 1960 to 1977, with whom she had a second daughter, Kate (born 1961).
Ernest "Ernie" Coombs, CM (November 26, 1927 – September 18, 2001) who was most famous for being the host of the popular Canadian television TV show called Mr. Dressup. '
Mr. Dressup was on TV for a very long time.
He was born in Lewiston, Maine in 1927.
After he finished school at the North Yarmouth Academy he decided to find work entertaining children.
He first started learning how to do this when he moved to Canada in 1963 and started working for Fred Rogers on an early version of Mister Rogers' Neighborhood.
This show was on the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation TV channel.
After Rogers moved back to the United States in 1964 Coombs stayed in Canada.
His next work was on a TV show called Butternut Square which was on TV from 1964 to 1967.
After "Butternut Square" ended Coombs started the "Mr. Dressup" TV show.
It would become one of Canada's longest-running children's TV shows.
As Mr. Dressup he would do art, sing songs, tell stories and play children's games.
In each show Mr. Dressup would dress up in costumes that he would find in a box he called his "Tickle Trunk".
His TV show did not stop until February 1996.
The same year, he was named a Member of the Order of Canada .
Coombs had a stroke on September 10, 2001.
He died on September 18, 2001 in Toronto, Ontario.
He was 73 years old when he died.
Ernie Coombs' Order of Canada Citation
Ernie Coombs' CBC personalities page
Canadian Connections' Ernie Coombs page
The Mr. Dressup Pictures and Sound Page by Buffalonian Steve Cichon
CBC Archives Remembering Mr. Dressup - CBC News 2001
People from Lewiston, Maine
Pleiotropism is a central term in developmental genetics.
In pleiotropism, a single gene affects a number of phenotypic traits in the same organism.
These pleiotropic effects often seem to be unrelated to each other.
The usual underlying mechanism is that the same gene is activated in several different tissues, producing apparently different effects.
It follows that the phenomenon must be extremely common, since most genes will have effects in more than one tissue.
Evolutionary implications
Pleiotropy has significance for the theory of evolution.
It has often been claimed that some heritable features of animals are not the product of adaptation by natural selection.
Much of this may be explained by pleiotropism.
Strong selection for one or two aspects of gene function will automatically bring along some other pleiotropic traits.
These other traits, though inherited, may be neutral or even slightly deleterious in terms of selection.
Antagonistic pleiotropy refers to the expression of a gene resulting in multiple competing effects, some beneficial but others detrimental to the organism.