the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
1965 - Diane Lane, American actress
1968 - Guy Fieri, American television host, chef and restaurateur
1968 - Heath, Japanese singer-songwriter and bass player
1968 – Mauricio Serna, Colombian footballer
1970 - Abraham Olano, Spanish cyclist
1971 - Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu, Australian musician (d. 2017)
1971 – Stan Collymore, English footballer
1971 - Sergei Zamorski, Russian-Estonian footballer
1972 - Namrata Shirodkar, Indian actress
1973 – Rogério Ceni, Brazilian footballer
1974 - Joseph Muscat, 13th Prime Minister of Malta
1977 – Hidetoshi Nakata, Japanese footballer
1977 - Mario Domm, Mexican singer-songwriter, pianist and producer
1980 – Jonathan Woodgate, English footballer
1981 – Ben Moody, American musician
1981 – Beverley Mitchell, American actress
1981 - Ibrahima Sonko, French footballer
1982 – Fabricio Coloccini, Argentine footballer
1984 – Ben Eager, Canadian ice hockey player
1984 - Todor Slavov, Bulgarian rally driver (d. 2015)
1985 – Mohamed Sissoko, Malian footballer
1986 - Lee Pa-ni, South Korean model
1987 – Astrid Jacobsen, Norwegian skier
1987 – Shane Long, Irish footballer
1988 - Greg Oden, American basketball player
1990 - Alizé Cornet, French tennis player
1991 - Elizabeth Simmonds, British swimmer
1993 - Rio Haryanto, Indonesian racing driver
1993 - Tommy Knight, English actor
1994 - Hendrik Bonmann, German footballer
239 - Cao Rui, Chinese Emperor (b. 205)
1341 - Louis I, Duke of Bourbon (b. 1279)
1531 – Andrea del Sarto, Italian painter (b. 1487)
1592 – Elisabeth of Austria, Queen of France (b. 1554)
1599 - Cristofano Malvezzi, Italian organist and composer (b. 1547)
1666 – Shah Jahan, Mughal Emperor (b. 1592)
1767 – Johann Gottlob Lehmann, German scientist (b. 1719)
1779 – Jeremiah Dixon, English surveyor and astronomer (b. 1733)
1840 – Johann Friedrich Blumenbach, German anthropologist (b. 1752)
1892 - Joseph P. Bradley, American jurist (b. 1813)
1900 - David Edward Hughes, Welsh-American physicist and inventor (b. 1831)
1901 – Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom (b. 1819)
1919 – Carl Larsson, Swedish painter (b. 1853)
1922 – Fredrik Bajer, Danish politician and pacifist (b. 1837)
1922 – Camille Jordan, French mathematician (b. 1838)
1929 - R. C. Lehmann, English journalist, author and politician (b. 1856)
1942 – Walter Sickert, German painter (b. 1860)
1945 – Else Lasker-Schüler, German poet (b. 1869)
1950 – Alan Hale, Sr.,
American actor (b. 1892)
1950 - Corinne Luchaire, French actress (b. 1921)
1951 - Karl Nessler, German-American hairdresser (b. 1872)
1951 - Lawson Robertson, Scottish-American high jumper (b. 1883)
1954 - Princess Margaret of Prussia (b. 1872)
1957 - Ralph Barton Perry, American philosopher (b. 1876)
1959 – Mike Hawthorn, English racing driver (b. 1929)
1963 - William Godfrey, English cardinal (b. 1889)
1968 – Duke Kahanamoku, Hawaiian-American swimmer and surfer (b. 1890)
1971 - Harry Frank Guggenheim, American businessman and publisher (b. 1890)
1973 – Lyndon B. Johnson, 36th President of the United States (b. 1908)
1978 - Herbert Sutcliffe, English cricketer (b. 1894)
1982 – Eduardo Frei Montalva, President of Chile (b. 1911)
1982 - Tommy Tucker, American singer-songwriter and pianist (b. 1933)
1990 – Mariano Rumor, Italian politician (b. 1915)
1990 – Roman Vishniac, Russian-American photographer (b. 1897)
1991 – Kenas Aroi, Nauruan politician (b. 1942)
1994 – Telly Savalas, American entertainer (b. 1924)
1994 - Jean-Louis Barrault, French actor and director (b. 1910)
1995 – Jerry Blackwell, American professional wrestler (b. 1949)
1995 – Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy, mother of John F. Kennedy (b. 1890)
1998 - C. Elmer Anderson, Governor of Minnesota (b. 1912)
2002 – Stanley Marcus, American businessman (b. 1905)
2003 - Bill Mauldin, American cartoonist (b. 1921)
2005 - Carlo Orelli, Italian soldier and supercentenarian (b. 1894)
2007 - Abbé Pierre, French priest and monk (b. 1912)
2008 – Claude Piron, Swiss translator (b. 1931)
2008 – Heath Ledger, Australian actor (b. 1979)
2010 – Sultan Iskandar of Johor, Malaysian Head of State (b. 1932)
2010 – Jean Simmons, British actress (b. 1929)
2012 – Joe Paterno, American college football coach (b. 1926)
2014 - Carlo Mazzacurati, Italian movie director (b. 1956)
2015 - Wendell H. Ford, American politician, Governor of Kentucky (b. 1924)
2015 - Joan Hinde, English trumpeter and entertainer (b. 1933)
2015 - Dacia Valent, Somali-Italian politician (b. 1963)
2016 - Homayoun Behzadi, Iranian footballer (b. 1941)
2016 - Miloslav Ransdorf, Czech politician (b. 1953)
2016 - Rik Wilson, American ice hockey player (b. 1962)
2016 - Cecil Parkinson, English politician (b. 1931)
2016 - Kamer Genç, Turkish politician (b. 1940)
2017 - Dan Caspi, Romanian-Israeli media theorist and academic (b. 1945)
2017 - Chen Yu-mei, Taiwanese politician (b. 1966)
2017 - Moshe Gershuni, Israeli painter and sculptor (b. 1936)
2017 - Jaki Liebezeit, German musician (b. 1938)
2017 - Andy Marte, Dominican baseball player (b. 1983)
2017 - Yordano Ventura, Dominican baseball player (b. 1991)
2017 - Pete Overend Watts, English musician (b. 1947)
2018 - Jimmy Armfield, English footballer (b. 1935)
2018 - Billy Hancock, American singer and guitarist (b. 1946)
2018 - Reinier Kreijermaat, Dutch footballer (b. 1935)
2018 - Ursula K. Le Guin, American science fiction writer (b. 1929)
New Zealand – Wellington Anniversary
Ukraine - Reunion Day
Poland - Grandfather's Day
393 - Roman Emperor Theodosius I announces that his eight-year-old son Honorius will be co-Emperor.
1556 – A magnitude 9.0 earthquake hits Shaanxi and Kansu, China.
It is estimated that up to 830,000 people are killed in the quake.
1570 - James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray, regent for James VI of Scotland, is murdered by a firearm, the first-recorded murder by gunshot.
1571 - The Royal Exchange opens in Moscow.
1579 - The Union of Utrecht forms a Protestant Republic in the Netherlands.
1656 - Blaise Pascal publishes the first of his Lettres Provinciales.
1719 – The Principality of Liechtenstein is created within the Holy Roman Empire.
1772 - French seafarer Marc-Joseph Marion du Fresnet and his second-in-command Jules Crozet discover the Crozet Islands in the Indian Ocean.
1790 – The ship HMS Bounty is set on fire by mutineers.
1793 - Second Partition of Poland.
1812 – A strong earthquake hits New Madrid, Missouri.
1849 – Elizabeth Blackwell becomes the first female American doctor.
1855 - The first bridge crossing the Mississippi River opens in what is now Minneapolis, Minnesota.
It is called the Hennepin Bridge.
1855 - At a magnitude estimated to have been 8.2, the Wairarapa earthquake strikes Wellington, New Zealand.
1870 - In Montana, US cavalrymen kill 173 Native Americans, mostly women and children, in the Marias massacre.
1879 - Anglo-Zulu War: The Battle of Rorke's Drift ends.
1896 - Wilhelm Röntgen discovers X-rays.
1899 – Emilio Aguinaldo becomes President of the Philippines.
1900 - Second Boer War: Battle of Spion Kop, South African forces defeat British forces.
1904 – The coastal town of Alesund in Norway is destroyed by fire.
1909 - An earthquake in Iran kills around 5,000 people.
1909 - The ship RMS Republic collides with the SS Florida off Massachusetts, sinking the next day, killing 6 people.
1912 - International Opium Convention is signed.
1913 - Enver Pasha takes over the Ottoman Empire in a military coup.
1920 - The Netherlands refuses to give ex-Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany to the Allies.
1937 - In Moscow, 17 leading Communists go on trial accused of taking part in a plot led by Leon Trotsky to overthrow Joseph Stalin's regime.
1942 – World War II: Rabaul on the Papua New Guinea island of New Britain is captured by Japanese forces.
1943 – World War II: British forces capture Tripoli, Libya.
1943 – Duke Ellington plays at Carnegie Hall in New York for the first time.
1950 – The Knesset (Israeli parliament) passes a resolution making Jerusalem the capital of Israel.
1957 - On his 37th birthday, American inventor Walter Frederick Morrison sells the rights of his "Flying disc" to the Wham-O toy company, who later rename it Frisbee.
1958 – In Venezuela, Marcos Perez Jimenez is deposed in a two-day strike.
1960 – The Bathyscaphe Trieste, with Jacques Piccard and Don Walsh on board, sets a new depth record by travelling 10,911 metres in the Pacific Ocean, at the Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench.
1963 - The Guinea-Bissau War of Independence starts.
1967 - The Soviet Union and the Ivory Coast start diplomatic relations with each other.
1973 – A volcanic eruption hits the South Icelandic island of Heimaey.
1973 – Richard Nixon announces a peace accord with Vietnam.
1986 - The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame gets its first members - Little Richard, Chuck Berry, James Brown, Ray Charles, Fats Domino, the Everly Brothers, Buddy Holly, Jerry Lee Lewis and Elvis Presley.
1996 - Waltraud Klasnic becomes Premier of Styria, making her the first woman to get this role in an Austrian state.
1997 – Madeleine Albright becomes the first female United States Secretary of State.
2000 - The remains of the Star Dust airplane, which disappeared over the Chilean Andes over 50 years earlier, are found.
The plane is known for the mysterious final message it sent.
2002 – The reporter Daniel Pearl is kidnapped in Pakistan.
2002 - "American Taliban" John Walker Lindh returns to the United States in FBI custody.
2003 - Final communication with the Pioneer 12 spacecraft.
2005 - Viktor Yushchenko becomes President of Ukraine.
2006 – Stephen Harper is elected Prime Minister of Canada.
2009 – A stabbing attack occurs at a nursery in Dendermonde, Belgium.
2012 - The EU adopts an embargo against Iran over its uranium enrichment.
2015 - King Abdullah of Saudi Arabia dies aged 90, having reigned since August 2005.
The crown passes to his 79-year-old half-brother, Salman of Saudi Arabia.
2016 - Major snowstorm hits the Northeastern United States.
It set records for New York City.
1350 - Vincent Ferrer, Spanish missionary and saint (d. 1419)
1688 – Ulrika Eleonora of Sweden (d. 1741)
1719 - John Landen, English mathematician (d. 1790)
1737 – John Hancock, American statesman (d. 1793)
1745 – William Jessop, canal engineer (d. 1814)
1752 – Muzio Clementi, Italian composer (d. 1832)
1783 – Stendhal, French writer (d. 1842)
1786 – Auguste de Montferrand, French architect (d. 1858)
1813 – Camilla Collett, Norwegian writer (d. 1895)
1828 – Saigo Takamori, Japanese samurai (d. 1877)
1832 – Edouard Manet, French artist (d. 1883)
1840 – Ernst Abbe, German physicist (d. 1905)
1846 - Hermann Clemenz, Estonian chess player (d. 1908)
1857 – Andrija Mohorovičić, Croatian seismologist (d. 1936)
1862 – David Hilbert, German mathematician (d. 1943)
1870 – William G. Morgan, American sportsman, inventor of volleyball (d. 1942)
1872 – Goce Delchev, Bulgarian revolutionary (d. 1903)
1872 – Joze Plečnik, architect (d. 1957)
1876 – Otto Diels, German chemist (d. 1954)
1876 - Rupert Mayer, German Resistance activist (d. 1945)
1878 – Oton Župančič, Slovenian poet (d. 1949)
1881 - Luisa Casati, Italian model (d. 1957)
1884 – Ralph DePalma, race car driver (d. 1956)
1888 – Lead Belly, American musician (d. 1949)
1894 - Jyotirmoyee Devi, Indian writer (d. 1988)
1896 - Alf Hall, South African cricketer (d. 1964)
1896 – Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (d. 1985)
1897 – Margarete Schütte-Lihotzky, architect (d. 2000)
1897 – Subhas Chandra Bose, Indian political activist (d. 1948)
1897 - William Stephenson, Canadian captain and spy (d. 1989)
1898 – Sergei Eisenstein, Russian movie director (d. 1948)
1898 – Randolph Scott, American actor (d. 1987)
1903 – Jorge Eliécer Gaitán, Colombian politician (d. 1948)
1907 – Dan Duryea, actor (d. 1968)
1907 – Hideki Yukawa, Japanese physicist (d. 1981)
1910 – Django Reinhardt, Belgian guitarist (d. 1953)
1913 - Jean-Michel Atlan, French philosopher and painter (d. 1960)
1913 - Wally Parks, American racing executive (d. 2007)
1915 – W. Arthur Lewis, Saint Lucian-British economist (d. 1991)
1915 – Potter Stewart, Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court (d. 1985)
1916 - David Douglas Duncan, American photographer and war reporter
1918 – Gertrude B. Elion, American scientist (d. 1999)
1919 - Frances Bay, Canadian-American actress (d. 2011)
1919 – Hans Hass, Austrian zoologist and underwater scientist (d. 2013)
1919 – Ernie Kovacs, American comedian (d. 1962)
1919 – Bob Paisley, English footballer and manager (d. 1996)
1920 – Walter Frederick Morrison, American inventor (d. 2010)
1920 - Ray Abrams, American jazz saxophonist (d. 1992)
1920 - Henry Eriksson, Swedish runner (d. 2000)
1923 – Walter M. Miller Jr., American science fiction writer (d. 1996)
1924 - Frank Lautenberg, American politician and United States Senator for New Jersey (d. 2013)
1926 - Bal Thackeray, Indian politician (d. 2012)
1927 - Lars-Eric Lindblad, Swedish-American entrepreneur and explorer (d. 1994)
1928 – Chico Carrasquel, the first Latin American player to appear in a Major League Baseball All-Star Game (d. 2005)
1928 – Jeanne Moreau, French actress (d. 2017)
1929 - John Polanyi, German-born Canadian chemist, Nobel Prize winner
1930 – Derek Walcott, West Indies writer, Nobel Prize winner (d. 2017)
1930 - William R. Pogue, American astronaut (d. 2014)
1930 - Filaret, Patriarch of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church
1930 - Mervyn Rose, Australian tennis player (d. 2017)
1933 - Bill Hayden, 21st Governor-General of Australia
1933 – Chita Rivera, actress, dancer
1936 - Brian Howe, Australian politician
1936 – Jerry Kramer, American football player
1938 – Shohei Baba, professional wrestler, founder of All-Japan Pro Wrestling (d. 1999)
1938 – Georg Baselitz, German painter and sculptor
1939 – Sonny Chiba, Japanese actor
1939 – Arlene Golonka, American actress
1940 – Johnny Russell, American country music singer-songwriter (d. 2001)
1940 - Alan Cheuse, American writer and critic (d. 2015)
1941 - Joao Ubaldo Ribeiro, Brazilian journalist, author and academic (d. 2014)
1942 - Razzak, Bangladeshi actor and director
1943 – Gil Gerard, actor
1943 - Gary Burton, American jazz musician
1944 - Sergei Belov, Russian basketball player (d. 2013)
1944 – Rutger Hauer, Dutch actor
1945 - Richard Dearlove, former Head of MI6
1945 - Mike Harris, 22nd Premier of Ontario
1946 – Boris Berezovsky, Russian businessman (d. 2013)
1946 - Arnoldo Aleman, former President of Nicaragua
1947 – Megawati Sukarnoputri, 5th President of Indonesia
1947 - Tom Carper, 71st Governor of Delaware
1948 – Anita Pointer, American singer
1950 – Richard Dean Anderson, American actor
1950 – Danny Federici, American musician (Bruce Springsteen and the E-Street Band) (d. 2008)
1950 - John Greaves, English musician
1950 - Luis Alberto Spinetta, Argentine musician (d. 2012)
1951 - David Patrick Kelly, American actor and musician
1951 – Chesley Sullenberger, American pilot
1952 - Omar Henry, South African cricketer
1953 - Robin Zander, American singer
1953 - Pavlo Lazarenko, Ukrainian politician
1953 - Alister McGrath, Northern Irish priest and academic
1953 – Antonio Villaraigosa, former Mayor of Los Angeles, California
1954 – Franco De Vita, singer/songwriter
1954 - Richard Finch, American bassist (KC & the Sunshine Band)
1957 – Princess Caroline of Monaco
1960 - Patrick de Gayardon, French skydiver and skysurfing pioneer (d. 1998)
1960 - Max Keiser, German journalist and filmmaker
1961 - Yelena Sinchukova, Russian long jumper
1962 - David Arnold, British movie score composer
1963 – Gail O'Grady, actress
1964 – Mariska Hargitay, American actress
1964 – Bharrat Jagdeo, former President of Guyana
1964 - Mario Roberge, Canadian ice hockey player
1966 - Oleg Sakirkin, Kazakhstani triple jumper
1967 – Naim Süleymanoğlu, Bulgaria-born Turkish weightlifter
1968 – Petr Korda, Czech tennis player
1969 - Ariadna Gil, Spanish actress
1970 – Moreno Torricelli, Italian footballer
1970 - Oleg Ovsyannikov, Russian ice dancer
1970 - Ewen Bremner, Scottish actor
1972 – Lisa Snowdon, English actress and model
1973 - Dee Caffari, English sailor
1973 - Youddiph, Russian singer
1974 – Sampsa Astala, Finnish musician (Lordi)
1974 – Tiffani Thiessen, American actress
1976 - Tony Lucca, American singer-songwriter, producer and actor
1979 – Larry Hughes, American basketball player
1979 - Dawn Porter, British television presenter
1981 - Julia Jones, American actress
1981 – Rob Friend, Canadian footballer
1982 - Patrick Levis, American actor
1984 – Arjen Robben, Dutch footballer
1985 – Dong Fangzhuo, Chinese footballer
1985 – Doutzen Kroes, Dutch model
1986 – José Enrique Sanchez, Spanish footballer
1986 – Steven Taylor, English footballer
1986 - Pablo Andujar, Spanish tennis player
1989 - April Pearson, British actress
1990 - Artjom Abramov, Estonian ice hockey player
1996 - Chachi Gonzales, American dancer
440 - Hanzei, Emperor of Japan
1199 – Abu Yusuf Ya'qub al-Mansur (b. 1160)
1516 - King Ferdinand II of Aragon (b. 1452)
1548 - Bernardo Pisano, Italian composer (b. 1490)
1549 - Johannes Honter, Transylvanian Saxon humanist and theologian (b. 1498)
1567 - Jiajing, Emperor of China
1570 – James Stewart, Earl of Moray, Regent of Scotland
1622 - William Baffin, English explorer and navigator
1744 - Giambattista Vico, Italian philosopher and historian (b. 1668)
1789 – John Cleland, novelist (b. 1709)
1800 – Edward Rutledge, U.S. statesman (b. 1749)
1803 - Arthur Guinness, Irish brewer (b. 1752)
1805 – Claude Chappe, French telecommunications pioneer (b. 1763)
1810 – Johann Wilhelm Ritter, German chemist and physicist (b. 1776)
1820 – Prince Edward Augustus, Duke of Kent and Strathearn (b. 1767)
1837 – John Field, Irish composer (b. 1782)
1875 – Charles Kingsley English writer (b. 1819)
1883 – Gustave Doré, French artist, engraver, and illustrator (b. 1832)
1893 – Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar, United States Supreme Court (b. 1825)
1894 - Lebengula, King of Matabeleland (in what is now Zimbabwe) (b. 1833)
1921 - Mykola Leontovych, Ukrainian composer (b. 1877)
1922 - Arthur Nikisch, Hungarian conductor (b. 1855)
1923 – Max Nordau, Austrian writer, philosopher, and Zionist leader (b. 1849)
1931 – Anna Pavlova, Russian ballerina (b. 1881)
1937 – Marie Prevost, French actress (b. 1898)
1939 - Matthias Sindelar, Austrian footballer (b. 1903)
1943 – Alexander Woollcott, actor, writer, and bon vivant (b. 1887)
1944 – Edvard Munch, Norwegian painter (b. 1863)
1944 - Viktor Gusev, Russian poet (b. 1899)
1956 – Alexander Korda, Hungarian director (b. 1893)
1971 - Fritz Feigl, Austrian-Brazilian chemist and academic (b. 1871)
1973 – Kid Ory, jazz trombonist (b. 1886)
1976 – Paul Robeson, actor, singer, social activist (b. 1898)
1976 – Paul Dupuis, French-Canadian movie and television actor (b. 1913)
1978 – Jack Oakie, actor (b. 1903)
1978 – Terry Kath, musician (Chicago) (b. 1946)
1980 - Giovanni Michelotti, Italian sports car designer (b. 1921)
1981 – Samuel Barber, American composer (b. 1910)
1983 – Fred Bakewell, English cricketer (b. 1908)
1986 – Joseph Beuys, German sculptor and performance artist (b. 1921)
1989 – Salvador Dalí, Catalan artist (b. 1904)
1990 – Allen Collins, American musician (b. 1952)
1991 – Northrop Frye, literary critic (b. 1912)
1992 – Freddie Bartholomew, actor (b. 1924)
1993 – Thomas Dorsey, gospel music singer (b. 1899)
1994 – Brian Redhead, journalist and broadcaster (b. 1929)
1994 – Nikolai Ogarkov, Russian marshal (b. 1917)
1997 – Richard Berry, American composer, musician (b. 1935)
1999 - Joe D'Amato, Italian director and cinematographer (b. 1936)
1999 - Jay Pritzker, American businessman (b. 1922)
2002 – Pierre Bourdieu, French sociologist (b. 1930)
2002 – Robert Nozick, philosopher (b. 1938)
2003 – Nell Carter, singer, actress (b. 1948)
2004 – Bob Keeshan, actor (b. 1927)
2004 – Helmut Newton, German-Australian photographer (b. 1920)
2005 – Johnny Carson, American television personality (b. 1925)
2005 – Morys George Lyndhurst Bruce, 4th Baron Aberdare, British politician (b. 1921)
2007 – Ryszard Kapuscinski, Polish journalist and writer (b. 1932)
2009 - Robert W. Scott, American politician and former Governor of South Carolina (b. 1929)
2010 – Earl Wild, American pianist (b. 1915)
2011 – Jack LaLanne, American fitness and nutrition expert (b. 1914)
2013 - Jozef Glemp, Polish cardinal (b. 1929)
2013 - Janice Knickrehm, American actress (b. 1925)
2014 - Riz Ortolani, Italian composer (b. 1926)
2015 - King Abdullah of Saudi Arabia (b. 1924)
2015 - Ernie Banks, American baseball player (b. 1931)
2015 - Prosper Ego, Dutch activist (b. 1927)
2015 - Nol Heijerman, Dutch footballer (b. 1940)
2015 - Barrie Ingham, English actor (b. 1934)
2015 - Pedro Lemebel, Chilean writer (b. 1952)
2015 - Nick Koback, American baseball player (b. 1935)
2016 - A. C. Jose, Indian politician (b. 1937)
2016 - Barry Brickell, New Zealand ceramic artist (b. 1935)
2016 - Elisabeta Polihroniade, Romanian chess player (b. 1935)
2016 - Bobby Wanzer, American basketball player (b. 1921)
2017 - Dmytro Grabovskyy, Ukrainian-Israeli bicycle racer (b. 1985)
2017 - Gorden Kaye, English actor (b. 1941)
2017 - Ruth Samuelson, American politician (b. 1959)
2017 - Andrew Telegdi, Hungarian-Canadian politician (b. 1946)
2017 - Bimba Bosé, Italian-born Spanish model, designer and actress (b. 1975)
2017 - Ralph Guglielmi, American football player (b. 1933)
2017 - Erland Kolding Nielsen, Danish academic (b. 1947)
2017 - Leslie Koo, Taiwanese business executive (b. 1954)
2018 - Hugh Masekela, South African jazz trumpeter (b. 1939)
2018 - Nicanor Parra, Chilean poet (b. 1914)
2018 - Wyatt Tee Walker, American civil rights activist (b. 1928)
2018 - Lari White, American country singer-songwriter and actress (b. 1965)
2021 - Hal Holbrook, American actor (b. 1925)
National Pie Day (United States)
Bounty Day (Pitcairn Island)
Bali () is an island and a province in Indonesia.
The province includes the island of Bali and a few other islands.
About 4,300,00 people live in Bali.
Bali's most important city is Denpasar.
Hinduism is Bali's largest religion.
More than 90% of its people are Hindus.
Textiles and garments are 45% of their exports.
The currency in Bali is the Indonesian rupiah (IDR).
The literacy rate for Bali is 45.55%.
Bali is a popular place for tourists.
They have many historic temples and rice fields.
Bali has great views and beautiful beaches  and volcanoes.
Hindu ceremonies, shadow puppet shows, and traditional dance are also very popular.
Sekumpul Waterfall: This Balinese waterfall is in north of Bali.
Tegallang Rice Terrace: These rice paddies are near Ubud.
Pura Luhur Uluwatu Temple: This temple is on the deep cliff on the Indian Ocean coast.
Kuta Beach: Kuta is one of the most popular beaches in Bali.
Bali is a volcanic island.
The two main volcanos are Mount Agung and Mount Batur.
Mount Agung is sacred to the Balinese people.
Mount Agung is an active volcano, with a deep, large crater.
Sometimes smoke and ash comes out of the crater.
The last major eruptions occurred in November 2017.
The Flag of China has one big star and four small stars on a red background.
The big star stands for the communist government, and the four small stars stand for the workers, peasants, middle-class citizens and soldiers.
The red background stands for the blood lost while the history of China was made.
The Prince is a book written by Niccolò Machiavelli, who lived in the city of Florence in the country of Italy.
The book was published in 1513.
The book talks about politics and government.
During his life, Machiavelli saw many changes in the government of Florence.
He thought a lot about what a king or prince should do to make a strong government.
In the book, he said the ruler had to get a lot of power.
One of the things he said that made people worried, was that ethics and politics are different.
A person might have to do things that are wrong to get power.
This thought made his works scandalous.
Some people think that Machiavelli was being honest with his advice and saying what he really thought.
Other people think that Machiavelli was playing a joke on princes who wanted too much power and did not care about what was right.
Il Principe (HTML e-book)
The Prince Book  Read the book online or download for free.
Suitable for e-readers
Works of philosophy
Mathematics and science
The contour of a closed curve or surface with no sharp corners, such as an ellipse, circle, rounded rectangle, or sphere
Rounding, the shortening of a number to reduce the number of significant figures it contains
Round number, a number that ends with one or more zeroes
Roundness (geology), the smoothness of clastic particles
Round (music), a type of musical composition
Rounds (album), a 2003 album by Four Tet
Round Point, a point on the north coast of King George Island, South Shetland Islands
Grand Rounds Scenic Byway, a parkway system in Minneapolis
Rounds Mountain, a peak in the Taconic Mountains, United States
Round Mountain (disambiguation), several places
Repeated activities
Round (boxing), a time period within a boxing match
Grand rounds, a ritual in  medical education and inpatient care
Round of drinks, a traditional method of paying in a drinking establishment
Funding round, a discrete round of investment in a business
Doing the rounds or patrol, moving through an area at regular intervals
Round (Theosophy), a planetary cycle of reincarnation in Theosophy
Round (surname)
Rounds (surname)
Roundedness, rounding of lips when pronouncing vowels
Labialization, rounding of lips when pronouncing consonants
Round shot
Cartridge (firearms), a single unit of ammunition
Round steak, a cut of meat
Roman (Byzantine) Emperor Anastasius I ends a period of moderate ecclestical policy, and starts strongly favoring his own monophysitist beliefs.
Flavian II, Patriarch of Antioch, is deposed and replaced with Severus.
The island nation of Usan-guk is conquered by the Korean Silla Dynasty general Lee Sabu.
Earliest known dated text in the Arabic alphabet, at Zebed in Syria
474 - Zeno crowned as co-Emperor of the Byzantine Empire.
1555 - Bishop of Gloucester John Hooper is burned at the stake.
1621 – Gregory XV becomes Pope.
1775 - American Revolutionary War: The British Parliament declares Massachusetts to be in rebellion.
1788 - The Habsburg Empire joins the Russo-Turkish War on the Russian side.
1796 – Jiaqing takes over from Qianlong as Emperor of China.
1825 – After an indecisive election, the United States House of Representatives declares John Quincy Adams as President of the United States.
1839 - In the Southern Ocean, British whaling captain John Balleny discovers Sturge Island, part of the group of islands now known as the Balleny Islands.
His companion Thomas Freeman sets foot on the island.
1849 - The New Roman Republic is created.
1861 – Jefferson Davis is chosen to become President of the Confederate States of America.
1870 - US President Ulysses S. Grant signs a joint resolution of Congress, creating the US Weather Bureau.
1889 - US President Grover Cleveland signs a bill elevating the United States Department of Agriculture to a cabinet-level agency.
1895 - William G. Morgan creates a game called Mintonette, which later becomes better known as Volleyball.
1900 – Dwight Filley Davis founds the Davis Cup tennis tournament, which has been named after him.
1904 - Russo-Japanese War: The Battle of Port Arthur ends.
1913 - A group of meteors can be seen in the Eastern parts of North America and South America.
1920 - Under the Svalbard Treaty, Norway's governing of the Svalbard archipelago is recognized.
1922 – Brazil joins the Berne Convention Copyright Treaty.
1934 - The Balkan Entente is formed.
1942 – Year-round Daylight Saving Time is re-introduced in the United States.
1943 – World War II: The Allies declare the island of Guadalcanal secure after Imperial Japan evacuates its remaining forces.
1945 - World War II: Battle of the Atlantic - HMS Venturer sinks U-864 off the coast of Fedie, Norway in a rare instance of submarine-to-submarine combat.
1945 - World War II: A force of Allied aircraft unsuccessfully attack a German destroyer in Fordefjorden, Norway.
1950 – Joseph McCarthy accuses the United States State Department of being filled with Communists.
1951 - Korean War: Geochang massacre.
1959 - R-7 Semyorka, the first intercontinental ballistic missile, becomes operational in Plesetsk, northern Russia, Soviet Union.
1964 – The Beatles appear on the US TV show, the Ed Sullivan Show.
1964 – The Winter Olympics in Innsbruck, Austria, end.
1965 – The first US combat troops are sent to Vietnam.
1969 – First test flight of a Boeing 747
1971 – Apollo 14 returns to Earth after the third human Moon landing.
1971 – A magnitude 6.6 earthquake strikes the San Fernando Valley in California, killing 65 people.
1975 – The Soviet Soyuz 17 spacecraft returns to Earth.
1983 – Prize-winning racehorse Shergar is kidnapped in Ireland and is never seen again.
1986 – Comet Halley passes through Perihelion.
It will not do so again until 2061.
1991 – Lithuania votes for independence.
1995 – On the Space Shuttle, Bernard A. Harris, Jr. and Michael Foale become the first African American and first Briton respectively to perform a space walk.
1996 – The Irish Republican Army declares an end to its 18-month ceasefire and explodes a bomb in London's docklands.
2001 - American submarine US Greenville accidentally strikes and sinks the Ehime-Maru, a Japanese training vessel operated by the Uwajima Fishery High School, killing 9 crew members.
2006 - The discovery of a tomb in the Valley of the Kings, Egypt, is announced.
2014 - In a referendum, slightly over half of voters in Switzerland support limiting immigration from the European Union.
2016 - Two trains collide near Bad Aibling, Bavaria, southern Germany, killing 12 people and injuring up to 100.
2018 - 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang of Republic of Korea (South Korea) begin.
1060 - Pope Honorius II (d. 1130)
1533 - Shimazu Yoshihisa, Japanese samurai (d. 1611)
1645 – Johann Aegidus Bach, German musician (d. 1716)
1711 - Luis Vicente de Velasco e Isla, Spanish sailor and naval commander (d. 1762)
1737 – Thomas Paine, English-born American intellectual, revolutionary and founding father of the United States (d. 1809)
1748 – Luther Martin, American patriot (d. 1826)
1751 – Antoine Bullant, Czech musician and opera composer (d. 1821)
1763 - Ludwig I, Grand Duke of Baden (d. 1830)
1769 - George W. Campbell, Scottish-born 5th United States Secretary of the Treasury (d. 1848)
1773 – William Henry Harrison, 9th President of the United States (d. 1841)
1775 - Farkas Bolyai, Hungarian mathematician (d. 1856)
1781 – Johann Baptist von Spix, German scientist (d. 1826)
1783 – Vasily Zhukovsky, Russian poet (d. 1852)
1789 - Franz Xaver Gabelsberger, German inventor of stenography (d. 1849)
1814 – Samuel J. Tilden, American politician (d. 1886)
1830 – Abd-ul Aziz, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1876)
1834 – Kamehameha IV, King of Hawaii (d. 1863)
1839 - Silas Adams, American lawyer and politician (d. 1896)
1843 - Nathan Goff, American lawyer and politician (d. 1920)
1846 – Wilhelm Maybach, German engineer and entrepreneur (d. 1929)
1853 - Leander Starr Jameson, British-born South African politician (d. 1917)
1856 - Hara Takashi, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1921)
1865 – Erich von Drygalski, German geographer, geophysicist and polar scientist (d. 1949)
1865 - Wilson Bentley, American photographer and scientist (d. 1931)
1879 - Jacques Bainville, French historian and journalist (d. 1936)
1880 - Lipot Fejer, Hungarian mathematician (d. 1989)
1883 - Jules Berry, French actor (d. 1951)
1885 - Alban Berg, Austrian composer (d. 1935)
1887 - Toivo Aro, Finnish diver (d. 1962)
1891 - Pietro Nenni, Italian politician (d. 1980)
1892 – Peggy Wood, American actress (d. 1978)
1893 – Georgios Athanasiadis-Novas, Greek lawyer and politician (d. 1987)
1895 – Hermann Brill, German politician (d. 1959)
1896 - Alberto Vargas, Peruvian painter (d. 1962)
1897 - Charles Kingsford Smith, Australian pilot (d. 1935)
1902 – Leon M'ba, 1st President of Gabon (d. 1967)
1907 - Truong Chinh, 4th President of Vietnam (d. 1988)
1909 – Robert Velter, French comic artist (d. 1991)
1909 – Carmen Miranda, Portuguese-Brazilian actress (d. 1955)
1909 – Dean Rusk, United States Secretary of State (d. 1994)
1910 – Jacques Monod, French biochemist (d. 1976)
1910 - Elbert N. Carvel, Governor of Delaware (d. 2005)
1912 - Futabayama Sadaji, Japanese sumo wrestler (d. 1968)
1912 - Ginette Leclerc, French actress (d. 1992)
1914 - Ernest Tubb, American singer (d. 1984)
1920 - Edward Joseph McManus, American politician and jurist (d. 2017)
1922 – Kathryn Grayson, American singer and actress (d. 2010)
1923 – Brendan Behan, Irish writer and activist (d. 1964)
1923 - Tonie Nathan, American political figure (d. 2014)
1925 – Burkhard Heim, German physicist (d. 2001)
1926 – Garret FitzGerald, Irish politician and Taoiseach (d. 2011)
1927 - David Wheeler, British computer scientist
1928 – Frank Frazetta, American artist (d. 2010)
1928 - Herman Pieter de Boer, Dutch writer, poet and journalist (d. 2014)
1928 – Rinus Michels, Dutch footballer and coach (d. 2005)
1928 - Roger Mudd, American journalist
1929 - A. R. Antulay, Indian politician, 8th Chief Minister of Maharashtra (d. 2014)
1931 - Josef Masopust, Czech footballer (d. 2015)
1931 - Thomas Bernhard, Austrian playwright and novelist (d. 1989)
1932 – Gerhard Richter, German artist
1932 - Tatsuro Hirooka, Japanese baseball player and manager
1933 - Arthur A. Neu, American politician (d. 2015)
1936 – Clive Swift, British actor
1936 – Stompin' Tom Connors, Canadian country music singer (d. 2013)
1937 – Hildegard Behrens, German operatic soprano (d. 2009)
1939 – Janet Suzman, South African actress
1940 – J. M. Coetzee, South African-born Australian Nobel Prize-winning writer
1940 – Brian Bennett, British musician (The Shadows)
1940 - Enrique Olivera, Argentine politician (d. 2014)
1941 - Sheila Kuehl, American actress, activist and politician
1942 – Carole King, American singer
1943 - Ryland Davies, Welsh operatic tenor
1943 – Joe Pesci, American actor
1943 – Joseph E. Stiglitz, American economist
1944 - Alice Walker, American writer
1945 – Mia Farrow, American actress
1945 - Yoshinori Ohsumi, Japanese cell biologist
1946 - Jim Webb, United States Senator from Virginia
1947 – Carla Del Ponte, Swiss UN prosecutor
1948 - David Hayman, Scottish actor
1948 - Guy Standing, English economist
1949 – Judith Light, American actress
1949 - Bernard Gallacher, Scottish golfer
1950 - James Luna, American performance artist (d. 2018)
1951 - Jay Inslee, 23rd Governor of Washington
1953 – Ciaran Hinds, Northern Irish actor
1954 - Mary Jo Duffy, American comic book writer and editor
1955 - Charles Shaughnessy, British actor
1957 - Terry McAuliffe, 72nd Governor of Virginia
1957 - Ruy Ramos, Brazilian-Japanese footballer
1957 – Gordon Strachan, Scottish footballer and manager
1958 – Sandy Lyle, Scottish golfer
1958 - Cyrille Regis, English footballer (d. 2018)
1959 – Ali Bongo Ondimba, 3rd President of Gabon
1960 – Holly Johnson, English singer (Frankie Goes to Hollywood)
1960 - Peggy Whitson, American biochemist and astronaut
1961 – Jussi Lampi, Finnish musician and actor
1963 – Brian Greene, American physicist
1963 - Travis Titt, American singer-songwriter and producer
1965 - Dieter Baumann, German athlete
1965 - Christian Schenk, German athlete
1965 - Igor Malkov, Russian speed skater
1965 - Julie Warner, American actress
1966 - Ellen van Langen, Dutch athlete
1966 - Harald Eia, Norwegian actor and comedian
1968 - Alejandra Guzman, Mexican singer and actress
1970 – Glenn McGrath, Australian cricketer
1971 – Johan Mjallby, Swedish footballer
1972 – Darren Ferguson, Scottish footballer
1973 - Makoto Shinkai, Japanese director, writer, artist and graphic designer
1974 - Amber Valletta, American model and actress
1974 - Jordi Cruyff, Dutch footballer
1974 - Erra Frazira, Malaysian actress and singer
1978 - A. J. Buckley, Irish-Canadian actor, director and screenwriter
1979 – Zhang Ziyi, Chinese actress
1979 - Akinora Iwamura, Japanese baseball player
1979 – David Gray, British snooker player
1980 – Angelos Charisteas, Greek footballer
1981 – John Walker Lindh, American Taliban fighter
1981 – The Rev, American musician (Avenged Sevenfold) (d. 2009)
1981 - Tom Hiddleston, English actor
1982 – Ami Suzuki, Japanese singer
1984 - Han Geng, Chinese singer, actor and dancer
1985 - David Gallagher, American actor
1986 – Princess Rajyah bint Al Hussein of Jordan
1986 - Stina Lykke Petersen, Danish footballer
1987 – Magdalena Neuner, German biathlete
1987 - Rose Leslie, Scottish actress
1987 - Michael B. Jordan, American actor
1988 – Lotte Friis, Danish swimmer
1989 – Shunta Takahashi, Japanese footballer
1989 - Gia Farrell, American singer
1990 – Camille Winbush, American actress
1992 - Avan Jogia, Canadian actor, singer and dancer
1993 - Parimarjan Negi, Indian chess player
1993 - Wataru Endo, Japanese footballer
1996 - Jimmy Bennett, American actor and singer
1996 - Kelli Berglund, American actress
2001 - Erraid Davies, Scottish swimmer
967 - Sayf al-Dawla, Emir of Aleppo (b. 916)
1011 - Bernard I, Duke of Savoy
1199 – Minamoto no Yoritomo, Japanese shogun (b. 1147)
1450 - Agnes Sorel, mistress to Charles VIII of France (b. 1421)
1555 - John Hooper, Bishop of Gloucester
1619 - Lucilio Vanini, Italian philosopher (b. 1585)
1675 - Gerhard Douw, Dutch painter (b. 1613)
1751 – Henri Francois d'Agesseau, Chancellor of France (b. 1668)
1777 - Seth Pomeroy, American gunsmith and soldier (b. 1706)
1782 – Johann Aloysius Assemani, Lebanese orientalist (b. 1710)
1803 – Jean François de Saint-Lambert, French poet (b. 1716)
1857 – Dionysios Solomos, Greek poet (b. 1798)
1881 – Fyodor Dostoevsky, Russian novelist (b. 1821)
1889 – Peter Lalor, leader of the miners at the Eureka Stockade, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia (b. 1827)
1891 - Johan Barthold Jongkind, Dutch painter (b. 1819)
1894 - Maxime Du Camp, French writer (b. 1822)
1905 - Adolph Menzel, German painter (b. 1815)
1906 - Paul Laurence Dunbar, American poet (b. 1872)
1930 – Richard With, Norwegian businessman (b. 1846)
1936 - Caroline Furness, American astronomer (b. 1869)
1936 - Jacques Bainville, French historian and journalist (b. 1879)
1942 - Lauri Kristian Relander, 2nd President of Finland (b. 1883)
1948 - Karl Valentin, German comedian, writer and movie producer (b. 1882)
1957 – Miklos Horthy, Hungarian admiral (b. 1868)
1960 – Erno Dohnanyi, Hungarian composer (b. 1877)
1964 - Ary Barroso, Brazilian composer and singer (b. 1903)
1966 - Sophie Tucker, Russian-American actress and singer (b. 1884)
1973 - Max Yasgur, American farmer, owned the site of the Woodstock Festival (b. 1919)
1975 - Pierre Dac, French activist (b. 1893)
1977 - Alia al-Hussein, Queen Consort of Jordan (b. 1948)
1977 – Sergey Ilyushin, Russian aircraft designer (b. 1894)
1979 – Dennis Gabor, Hungarian-born British physicist (b. 1900)
1981 – Bill Haley, American musician (Bill Haley & His Comets) (b. 1925)
1984 – Yuri Andropov, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (b. 1914)
1989 - Osamu Tezuka, Japanese manga artist (b. 1928)
1991 - Daigoro Kondo, Japanese footballer (b. 1907)
1994 – Howard Martin Temin, American geneticist (b. 1934)
1997 - Barry Evans, British actor (b. 1943)
1998 - Maurice Schumann, French politician (b. 1911)
2001 – Herbert Simon, American economist (b. 1916)
2002 – Princess Margaret of the United Kingdom (b. 1930)
2002 - Vicente Sardinero, Spanish baritone (b. 1937)
2005 - Robert Kearns, American engineer (b. 1927)
2007 – Ian Richardson, Scottish actor (b. 1934)
2007 - Alejandro Finisterre, Spanish inventor of table football (b. 1919)
2009 – Eluana Englaro, Italian patient in right-to-die case (b. 1970)
2010 – Walter Frederick Morrison, American inventor (b. 1920)
2014 - Marius, giraffe controversially put to sleep at Copenhagen Zoo (b. 2012)
2014 - Gabriel Axel, Danish movie director and actor (b. 1918)
2014 - Ranjit Bhatia, Indian runner (b. 1936)
2014 - Serafin R. Cuevas, Filipino lawyer (b. 1928)
2015 - Jorge Sassi, Argentine actor (b. 1950)
2016 - Sushil Koirala, 37th Prime Minister of Nepal (b. 1939)
2016 - André van den Heuvel, Dutch actor, director and singer (b. 1927)
2016 - Sibghattullah Mojaddedi, President of Afghanistan (b. 1926)
2017 - Serge Baguet, Belgian cyclist (b. 1969)
2017 - Packy, American-held elephant (b. 1962)
2017 - André Salvat, French colonel (b. 1920)
2017 - Radu Gabrea, Romanian film director and screenwriter (b. 1937)
2018 - Johann Johannsson, Icelandic film score composer (b. 1969)
2018 - Reg E. Cathey, American actor (b. 1958)
2018 - Jim Garrett, American football player (b. 1930)
2018 - Alfonso Lacadena, Spanish academic (b. 1964)
2018 - Craig MacGregor, American musician (b. 1949)
2018 - Liam Miller, Irish footballer (b. 1981)
2018 - Wally Moon, American baseball player (b. 1930)
2018 - Anne Treisman, English-American psychologist (b. 1935)
St. Maroun's Day (Lebanon)
February 09
United Russia (Russian: Единая Россия) is a Russian political party, which usually labels itself centrist and conservationist.
Dmitry Medvedev is leader of this party.
The party has most of the seats in the State Duma and in the Regional Parliaments.
Because of this, United Russia is the most powerful political party in Russia.
Two large parties merged in 2001 to form United Russia.
Political parties in Russia
25 - Gwangwu claims the throne as Emperor during political turmoil, restoring China's Han Dynasty after the collapse of the short-lived Xin Dynasty.
642 – Battle of Maserfeld - Penda of Mercia defeats and kills Oswald of Bernicia.
910 - The last major Danish army to raid England is defeated at the Battle of Tettenhall by the allied forces of Mercia and Wessex.
1100 – Henry I is crowned King of England in Westminster Abbey.
1278 - The Siege of Algeciras ends in the context of the Spanish Reconquista, pitting the forces of the Kingdom of Castile against the Emirate of Granada.
It ends in a victory for the Emirate of Granada.
1305 – William Wallace, who led Scottish resistance to England, was captured by the English near Glasgow and transported to London for trial and execution.
1388 - The Battle of Otterburn, a border conflict between Scotland and England, takes place.
1583 – Sir Humphrey Gilbert establishes first English colony in North America, at what is now St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador.
1620 - The Mayflower sets sail from Southampton on its first attempt to reach North America.
1689 – 1,500 Iroquois attack village of Lachine, in New France.
1763 – Pontiac's War - Battle of Bushy Run - British forces led by Henry Bouquet defeat Chief Pontiac's Native Americans at Bushy Run.
1772 – First Partition of Poland begins.
1775 - Spanish seafarer Juan de Ayala cross the Golden Gate in San Francisco Bay, landing on the island of Isla de los Angeles.
1781 - The Battle of Dogger Bank takes place between British and Dutch forces.
1812 – War of 1812: Tecumseh's Native American force ambushes Thomas Van Horne's 200 Americans at Brownstone Creek, causing them to flee and retreat.
1824 - Greek War of Independence: Constantine Canaris leads a Greek fleet to victory against Ottoman and Egyptian ships in the Battle of Samos.
1858 – Cyrus West Field and others complete the first transatlantic telegraph cable after several unsuccessful attempts.
It operated for less than a month.
1860 – Carl IV of Sweden-Norway is crowned king of Norway, in Trondheim.
1861 - The United States Army gets rid of flogging.
1861 – American Civil War: In order to help pay for the war effort, the United States government issues the first income tax as part of the Revenue Act of 1861 (3% of all incomes over US $800; rescinded in 1872).
1862 – American Civil War: Battle of Baton Rouge - Along the Mississippi River near Baton Rouge, Louisiana, Confederate troops drive Union forces back into the city.
1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Mobile Bay begins - At Mobile Bay near Mobile, Alabama, Admiral David Farragut leads a Union flotilla through Confederate defenses and seals one of the last major Southern ports.
1874 - Japan begins its postal savings system, modeled after a similar system in the United Kingdom.
1882 – Standard Oil of New Jersey is established.
1884 – The cornerstone for the Statue of Liberty is laid on Bedloe's Island in New York Harbor.
1888 – Bertha Benz makes the first long-distance car journey from Mannheim to Pforzheim in Germany.
1901 - Peter O'Connor sets a long jump world record of 7.61 meters.
The record stands for almost 20 years, when Edward Gourdin jumps 7.69 meters on July 23, 1921.
1906 - Persian Constitutional Reform: Shah Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar agrees to end feudalism, and for the government to become a constitutional monarchy.
1914 – In Cleveland, Ohio, the first electric traffic light is installed.
1915 - World War I: German troops occupy Warsaw, Poland.
1925 - The Plaid Cymru political party is founded in Wales.
One of its founding aims was to protect and promote the Welsh language, which was close to dying out at the time.
1926 - Harry Houdini performs his greatest feat, spending 91 minutes in a sealed tank, before escaping.
1936 - Jesse Owens wins gold in the 200-metre run at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin.
1940 - World War II: The Soviet Union formally annexes Latvia.
1941 - World War II: Battle of Smolensk - Germany captures 300,000 Soviet prisoners.
1944 – Holocaust: Polish insurgents liberate a German labor camp in Warsaw, freeing 348 Jewish prisoners.
1944 – At least 545 Japanese soldiers escape from a prisoner of war camp in Cowra, New South Wales.
1949 – In Ecuador an earthquake destroys 50 towns and kills more than 6000.
1949 - The Mann Gulch fire kills 13 firefighters in Montana.
1957 - The television program American Bandstand first appears on the ABC network.
1960 – Burkina Faso, then known as "Upper Volta", became independent from France
1962 – Movie actress and sex icon, Marilyn Monroe is found dead in her Los Angeles, California home after apparently overdosing on sleeping pills.
1962 - Nelson Mandela is jailed in South Africa.
1963 – United States, United Kingdom, and Soviet Union sign a nuclear test ban treaty.
1964 – Vietnam War: Operation Pierce Arrow - American aircraft from carriers USS Ticonderoga and USS Constellation bomb North Vietnam in retaliation for strikes attacked US destroyers in the Gulf of Tonkin.
1965 - The Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 starts when Pakistani soldiers cross the Line of Control dressed as locals.
1969 – Mariner program: Mariner 7 makes its closest fly-by of Mars (3,524 kilometers).
1969 – Vietnam War: The U.S. Congress places a one billion dollar limit on 1974 military aid to South Vietnam.
1971 - The first Pacific Islands Forum is held in Wellington, New Zealand, to encourage countries in Oceania to work together.
1972 - In Uganda, people holding British passports are given two months to leave the country.
1973 - An Arab gunman opens fire in a passenger lounge at Athens International Airport, killing 3 people.
1981 – Ronald Reagan fires 11,359 striking air-traffic controllers who ignored his order for them to return to work.
1983 - IRA members are jailed for a total of 4,000 years.
1989 - The Sandinistas win a majority in Nicaragua's general election.
1995 – The city of Knin, a significant Serb stronghold, is captured by Croatian forces during Operation Storm.
2003 – A car bomb explodes outside the Marriott Hotel in Jakarta, Indonesia, killing 12 people, and injuring around 150.
2009 - Mahmoud Ahmadinejad starts his second term as President of Iran.
2009 - The Spanish Wikipedia reaches the milestone of 500,000 articles.
2010 - The Copiapo mining accident occurs in Chile, trapping 33 miners underground.
They are discovered to be alive two weeks later, and are successfully rescued in October, in a rescue that is followed around the world.
2011 - Yingluck Shinawatra becomes Prime Minister of Thailand.
2011 - The Juno space probe is launched to the planet Jupiter.
2013 - The first laboratory-grown hamburger is served and eaten in London.
2013 - Two boys are strangled to death by a rock python that escaped from a pet shop in New Brunswick, Eastern Canada.
2015 - A migrant boat capsizes off Sicily, with 200 people being rescued, and many feared drowned.
2015 - A piece of wreckage found on the Indian Ocean island of Réunion on July 29 is identified as belonging to Malaysia Airlines Flight 370, which went missing on March 8, 2014.
2016 - The opening ceremony of the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro takes place.
It is the first time that the Olympic Games are held in South America.
2017 - The United Nations Security Council, with all members' support, approves sanctions (punishments) against North Korea over its nuclear testing.