the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
1913 - Tony Martin, American actor and singer (d. 2012)
1913 – Henri Nannen, German journalist and publisher (d. 1966)
1918 – Ahmed Ben Bella, first President of Algeria (d. 2012)
1918 – Anwar Sadat, President of Egypt (d. 1981)
1923 - René Girard, French-American historian, critic and philosopher (d. 2015)
1924 – Moktar Ould Daddah, first President of Mauritania (d. 2003)
1924 – Rod Serling, American television scriptwriter (d. 1975)
1924 – Atal Bihari Vajpayee, former Prime Minister of India
1925 – Carlos Castaneda, writer (d. 1998)
1927 – Nellie Fox, baseball player (d. 1975)
1927 – Ram Narayan, Indian musician
1927 - Alan King, American actor (d. 2004)
1928 – Dick Miller, actor
1929 - Stuart Hall, British television presenter and sexual abuser
1930 - Emmanuel Agassi, Iranian boxer
1933 - Joachim Meisner, German cardinal (d. 2017)
1935 - Sadiq al-Mahdi, Prime Minister of Sudan
1936 – Princess Alexandra of Kent, British royal
1936 – Ismail Merchant, British movie producer (d. 2005)
1939 - Akong Rinpoche, Tibetan spiritual leader (d. 2013)
1943 – Hanna Schygulla, German actress
1944 – Jairzinho, Brazilian footballer
1944 - Kenny Everett, British comedian and radio host (d. 1995)
1945 – Noel Redding, British bassist (d. 2003)
1945 - Ken Stabler, American football player (d. 2015)
1945 – Gary Sandy, actor
1945 - Eve Pollard, British journalist and author
1946 – Jimmy Buffett, singer, songwriter
1946 – Larry Csonka, American football player
1946 – Gene Lamont, American baseball player and manager
1948 - Manny Mori, former President of the Federated States of Micronesia
1948 – Barbara Mandrell, American singer and actress
1948 - Joel Santana, Brazilian footballer
1948 - Alia al-Hussein, Egyptian wife of King Hussein of Jordan (d. 1977)
1949 – Sissy Spacek, American actress
1949 – Joe Louis Walker, American blues musician
1949 – Nawaz Sharif, Pakistani politician, Prime Minister of Pakistan
1950 – Manny Trillo, baseball player
1950 – Karl Rove, political advisor to President George W. Bush
1953 - Kaarlo Maaninka, Finnish runner
1954 – Robin Campbell, guitarist and singer (UB40)
1954 – Annie Lennox, Scottish singer (Eurythmics)
1957 – Shane MacGowan, Irish musician
1957 - Chris Kamara, English footballer and sportscaster
1958 - Alannah Myles, Canadian singer
1958 – Hanford Dixon, American football player
1958 – Rickey Henderson, American baseball player
1959 – Michael P. Anderson, American astronaut (d. 2003)
1961 – Ingrid Betancourt, Colombian senator
1961 - David Thompson, 6th Prime Minister of Barbados (d. 2010)
1962 – Dean Cameron, American actor
1962 - Darren Wharton, British musician
1964 - Gary McAllister, Scottish footballer
1965 - Ed Davey, English politician
1967 – Jason Thirsk, American bass player (Pennywise)
1967 - Yasmin Fahimi, German politician
1968 – Helena Christensen, Danish model
1970 - Emmanuel Amuneke, Nigerian footballer
1971 – Dido, English singer
1971 - Tatiana Sorokko, Russian-American model and fashion journalist
1971 – Noel Hogan, Irish guitarist and main co-songwriter of The Cranberries band
1971 - Justin Trudeau, Canadian politician, 23rd Prime Minister of Canada
1973 - Alexandre Trudeau, Canadian journalist and director
1975 - Choi Sung-Yong, South Korean footballer
1975 – Marcus Trescothick, English cricketer
1976 – Tuomas Holopainen, Finnish keyboardist and composer (Nightwish)
1976 – Armin van Buuren, Dutch DJ
1977 - Jesper Mortensen, Danish musician (Junior Senior)
1977 - Priya Rai, Indian-American pornographic actress
1979 - Hyun Young-Min, South Korean footballer
1980 – Reika Hashimoto, Japanese actress and model
1984 – The Veronicas, Australian singers
1984 – Alistair Cook, English cricketer
1984 - Nadiya Hussain, English baker and author
1984 – Georgia Moffett, English actress
1985 - Leon Pisani, Welsh singer-songwriter
1986 - Alex Hepburn, English singer
1987 - Julian Lage, American guitarist and composer
1988 - Dele Adeleye, Nigerian footballer
1988 - Eric Gordon, American basketball player
1988 - Marco Mengoni, Italian singer
1990 - Ramona Bachmann, Swiss footballer
1992 - Ogenyi Onazi, Nigerian footballer
1993 - Emi Takei, Japanese actress, model and singer
1995 - Mimmi Sandén, Swedish singer
Up to 1975
795 - Pope Adrian I
820 – Leo V, Byzantine Emperor (b. 775)
1553 - Pedro de Valdivia, Spanish conquistador and Governor of Chile (b. 1500)
1635 – Samuel de Champlain, French explorer (b. 1567)
1683 - Kara Mustafa Pasha, Ottoman general (b. 1634)
1868 - Linus Yale, Jr., American engineer and inventor (b. 1821)
1875 – Young Tom Morris, Scottish golfer (b. 1851)
1880 - Fridolin Anderwert, Swiss politician (b. 1828)
1893 - Benjamin T. Biggs, Governor of Delaware (b. 1824)
1916 - Albert Chmielowski, Polish saint (b. 1845)
1921 - Vladimir Korolenko, Russian journalist, author and academic (b. 1853)
1925 - Karl Abraham, German psychologist (b. 1877)
1926 – Yoshihito, Emperor of Japan (b. 1879)
1933 - Francesc Maria i Llussa, Catalan politician (b. 1859)
1940 - Agnes Ayres, American actress (b. 1898)
1946 – WC Fields, American movie actor (b. 1880)
1957 – Charles Pathé, French pioneer of movie and record industries (b. 1863)
1961 – Otto Loewi, German doctor, won the 1936 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1873)
1961 - Owen Brewster, Governor of Maine (b. 1888)
1973 – Ismet Inonu, Turkish politician (b. 1884)
1973 - Gabriel Voisin, French engineer (b. 1880)
1977 – Charlie Chaplin, English movie actor (b. 1889)
1979 - Joan Blondell, American actress and singer (b. 1906)
1983 – Joan Miró, Catalan artist (b. 1893)
1989 – Nicolae Ceausescu, Romanian dictator (executed) (b. 1918)
1989 – Elena Ceausescu, First Lady of Romania (executed) (b. 1918)
1994 – Zail Singh, President of India (b. 1916)
1995 – Dean Martin, American singer (b. 1917)
1997 - Anatoli Boukreev, Kazakhstani mountaineer and explorer (b. 1958)
2000 – Willard Van Orman Quine, American philosopher (b. 1908)
2005 – Birgit Nilsson, Swedish soprano (b. 1918)
2006 – James Brown, American singer (b. 1933)
2008 – Eartha Kitt, American singer (b. 1927)
2009 – Vic Chesnutt, American musician (b. 1964)
2009 – Knut Haugland, Norwegian explorer (b. 1917)
2010 – Carlos Andrés Pérez, President of Venezuela (b. 1922)
2012 - Frank Calabrese, Jr., American mobster (b. 1937)
2012 - Othmar Schneider, Austrian skier (b. 1928)
2014 - Alberta Adams, American blues singer (b. 1917)
2014 - Gleb Yakunin, Russian Orthodox priest (b. 1934)
2014 - N. L. Balakrishnan, Indian actor and photographer (b. 1942)
2014 - David Ryall, English actor (b. 1935)
2015 - Sadhana Shivdasani, Indian actress (b. 1941)
2015 - Ali Eid, Lebanese politician (b. 1940)
2015 - Robert Spitzer, American psychiatrist and educator (b. 1932)
2016 - Deaths in the Russian Defence Ministry Tupolev Tu-154
Elizaveta Glinka, Russian humanitarian worker (b. 1962)
Anton Gubankov, Russian scholar and journalist (b. 1965)
Valery Khalilov, Russian military band conductor (b. 1952)
2016 - George Michael, English singer (b. 1963)
2016 - Vera Rubin, American astronomer (b. 1928)
2017 - Larry Libertore, American football player (b. 1939)
2017 - Vladimir Shainsky, Russian composer (b. 1925)
2017 - Willie Toweel, South African boxer (b. 1934)
Christmas Day (Western Christianity), official holiday in many countries
Public holiday in Pakistan, celebrating the birthday of Muhammad Ali Jinnah
American Ballet Theatre founded
January 1 – Anastasio Somoza becomes President of Nicaragua
January 11 – The first issue of Look magazine goes on sale in the United States.
January 19 – Howard Hughes sets a new air record by flying from Los Angeles to New York City in 7 hours, 28 minutes and 25 seconds.
January 23 – In Moscow, 17 leading Communists go on trial accused of participating in a plot led by Leon Trotsky to overthrow Joseph Stalin's regime and assassinate its leaders.
January 31 – Ohio River floods
January 31 – 31 people executed in the Soviet Union for "Trotskyism"
March 18 – 300 students and teachers die after an exploson is a caused by a gas leak at the New London school in Texas.
May 7 – the German zeppelin (airship) LZ 129 Hindenburg catches fire, while trying to land in New Jersey.
October - Dominican Republic dictator Rafael Leonidas Trujillo Molina orders the execution of the Haitian population living within its borderlands with Haiti, resulting in the Parsley Massacre.
January 8 - Shirley Bassey, Welsh singer
January 30 - Vanessa Redgrave, English actress
February 21 - King Harald V of Norway
March 20 – Jerry Reed, American musician (d. 2008)
April 6 – Billy Dee Williams, American actor
April 28 - Saddam Hussein, Iraqi leader (d. 2006)
July 18 – Hunter S. Thompson, American writer and journalist (d. 2005)
December 21 – Jane Fonda, American actress
December 30 - Gordon Banks, English footballer
December 31 - Anthony Hopkins, Welsh actor
"Sweet Leilani" – by Harry Owens, from the movie Waikiki Wedding, won the Academy Award for the best song.
Bedfordshire is a county of England.
Its county town is Bedford.
It borders Cambridgeshire, Northamptonshire, Buckinghamshire (with the Borough of Milton Keynes) and Hertfordshire.
The highest elevation point is 243 m (797 ft) on Dunstable Downs in the Chilterns.
The county motto is "Constant Be", which is taken from the hymn To Be A Pilgrim by John Bunyan.
SSSIs
There are forty Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs) in Bedfordshire, designated by Natural England.
Thirty-five are listed for their biological interest, and five for their geological interest.
590 - Maurice proclaims his son Theodosius co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire.
1027 - Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor is crowned.
1169 - Saladin becomes Emir of Egypt.
1344 - The Siege of Algeciras, one of the first European military engagements where gunpowder was used, comes to an end.
1351 - Combat of the Thirty: 30 Breton knights call out and defeat 30 English knights
1511 - An earthquake on the Balkan peninsula and Italy kills 6,000 people.
1552 – Guru Amar Das becomes the third Sikh Guru.
1636 – Utrecht University is founded in the Netherlands.
1808 – Charles IV of Spain abdicates in favour of his son, Ferdinand VII.
1812 – Caracas, Venezuela, is destroyed in an earthquake, killing 12,000 people.
1830 – The Book of Mormon is published in Palmyra, New York.
1839 – The first Henley Royal Regatta is held.
1866 - Carol I becomes Prince of Romania.
1872 – An earthquake kills 27 people in Lone Pine, California.
1881 – The Principality of Romania declares itself a Kingdom.
1885 - The Metis people of the District of Saskatchewan under Louis Riel begin the North-West Rebellion against Canada.
1898 – Kruger National Park is founded in South Africa.
1913 - Gas explosions occur after the floods in Dayton, Ohio.
1917 - World War I: The Battle of Gaza takes place.
1931 – SwissAir is founded.
1934 – The Driving Test is introduced in the United Kingdom.
1939 - Spanish Civil War: Nationalists under Francisco Franco begin their final offensive of the war.
1942 – The first female prisoners arrive at Auschwitz.
1945 – The US declares Iwo Jima secure.
1958 - The United States Army launches Explorer 3.
1971 – East Pakistan declares independence under the name of Bangladesh.
The Bangladesh Liberation War begins.
1973 – The Young and The Restless airs for the first time.
1974 - In Caracas, Venezuela, George Foreman wins the Heavyweight Boxing title against Ken Norton.
1975 - The Biological Weapons Convention comes into force.
1976 – Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom sends the first royal email.
1979 – Anwar Sadat, Menachem Begin, and Jimmy Carter sign the Israel-Egypt Peace Treaty in Washington, DC.
1980 - Arianespace, European space organization, is founded.
1982 - The foundation stone is laid for the Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, DC.
1991 – The Mercosur Common Market is founded by Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.
1995 – The Schengen Treaty comes into effect.
1997 – Members of the Heaven's Gate cult commit suicide.
1998 - Oued Bouaicha massacre in Algeria: 52 people, including 32 children under the age of two, are murdered with knives and axes.
1999 – The Melissa worm infects Microsoft Word Processing and email systems.
1999 – A jury in Michigan finds Jack Kevorkian guilty of second-degree murder for administering a lethal injection to a terminally ill man.
2000 – Vladimir Putin is elected President of Russia.
2000 - Greece joins the Schengen Treaty.
2006 – Burma's military junta moves its seat, capital city, from Rangoon to Naypyidaw in the Mandalay Division.
2006 – Smoking is banned in all public places in Scotland.
2009 - In New York City, the Freedom Tower, still under construction, is renamed One World Trade Center.
2010 – The South Korean warship ROKS Cheonan sinks, killing 46 seamen.
It is believed that a North Korean torpedo was responsible.
2015 - King Richard III of England is reburied at Leicester Cathedral.
His remains had been found in a car park in the city in 2012.
2015 - Germanwings Flight 9525: It is revealed that the plane's co-pilot Andreas Lubitz deliberately crashed it two days earlier, in the French Alps.
603 – Pacal II, Mayan ruler (d. 683)
1031 - King Malcolm III of Scotland (d. 1093)
1516 – Conrad Gessner, Swiss naturalist (d. 1565)
1554 - Charles of Lorraine, Duke of Mayenne, French military leader (d. 1611)
1634 - Domenico Freschi, Italian composer (d. 1710)
1687 - Sophia Dorothea of Hanover (d. 1757)
1698 - Prokop Divis, Czech theologian and natural scientist (d. 1765)
1740 - Jonathan Trumbull, Jr., Governor of Connecticut (d. 1809)
1749 - William Blount, American politician (d. 1800)
1753 - Benjamin Thompson, American physicist and inventor (d. 1814)
1773 - Nathaniel Bowditch, American mathematician and navigator (d. 1838)
1784 - John W. Taylor, American politician (d. 1854)
1814 - Charles Mackay, Scottish poet, journalist and author (d. 1889)
1819 - Louise Otto-Peters, German writer and social activist (d. 1895)
1819 - Prince George, Duke of Cambridge (d. 1904)
1849 – Armand Peugeot, French businessman (d. 1915)
1854 - Maurice Lecoq, French target shooter (d. 1925)
1856 - William Massey, 19th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1925)
1858 - Luis Barros Borgono, President of Chile (d. 1943)
1859 - Alfred Edward Housman, English poet (d. 1936)
1859 – Adolf Hurwitz, German mathematician (d. 1919)
1860 - André Prévost, French tennis player (d. 1919)
1866 - Fred Karno, English theatre producer (d. 1941)
1868 – King Fuad I of Egypt (d. 1936)
1871 – Jonah Kuhio Kalaniana'ole, Hawaiian prince and politician (d. 1922)
1873 - Dorothea Bleek, South African-German anthropologist and philologist (d. 1948)
1874 – Robert Frost, American poet (d. 1963)
1874 – Oskar Nedbal, Bohemian composer and conductor (d. 1930)
1875 – Max Abraham, German physicist (d. 1922)
1875 – Rhee Syng-man, President of South Korea (d. 1965)
1876 – William, Prince of Albania (d. 1945)
1879 - Othmar Ammann, Swiss-American engineer (d. 1965)
1879 - Waldemar Tietgens, German rower (d. 1917)
1881 - Guccio Gucci, Italian businessman and fashion designer (d. 1953)
1882 – Hermann Obrecht, Swiss  jurist (d. 1940)
1884 – Wilhelm Backhaus, German pianist (d. 1969)
1893 – Palmiro Togliatti, Italian Communist leader (d. 1964)
1893 - James Bryant Conant, American chemist, academic and diplomat (d. 1978)
1894 - Viorica Ursuleac, Romanian operatic soprano (d. 1985)
1896 – Rudolf Dassler, German sportswear executive (d. 1974)
1900 - Giovanni Urbani, Archbishop of Venice (d. 1969)
1904 – Xenophon Zolotas, Greek economist and politician (d. 2004)
1904 – Attilio Ferraris, Italian footballer (d. 1947)
1904 - Joseph Campbell, American professor and writer (d. 1987)
1905 - Viktor Frankl, Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist (d. 1997)
1907 - Leigh Harline, American movie score composer (d. 1969)
1908 – Franz Stangl, Nazi Concentration Camp commandant (d. 1971)
1911 – Bernard Katz, German biophysicist (d. 2003)
1911 - Robert B. Crosby, Governor of Nebraska (d. 2000)
1911 – Tennessee Williams, American writer and playwright (d. 1983)
1913 – Paul Erdős, Hungarian mathematician (d. 1996)
1913 - Jacqueline de Romilly, French philologist, classical scholar and fiction writer (d. 2010)
1914 - William Westmoreland, American military commander (d. 2005)
1915 - Hwang Sunwon, Korean writer (d. 2000)
1916 – Christian B. Anfinsen, American chemist (d. 1995)
1916 - Harry Rabinowitz, South African-American composer and conductor (d. 2016)
1917 - Rufus Thomas, American blues musician (d. 2001)
1920 - Sergio Livingstone, Chilean footballer (d. 2012)
1922 - William Milliken, American politician, former Governor of Michigan (d. 2019)
1923 – Gert Bastian, German politician (d. 1992)
1923 - Bob Elliott, American actor and comedian (d. 2016)
1923 - Elizabeth Jane Howard, British writer (d. 2014)
1925 – Pierre Boulez, French composer and conductor (d. 2016)
1925 – James Moody, American jazz musician (d. 2010)
1925 - Vesta Roy, Governor of New Hampshire (d. 2002)
1929 - Tom Foley, American politician (d. 2013)
1930 - Gregory Corso, American poet (d. 2001)
1930 – Sandra Day O'Connor, U.S. Supreme Court Justice
1931 – Leonard Nimoy, American actor (d. 2015)
1933 - Tinto Brass, Italian movie director and screenwriter
1934 – Alan Arkin, American actor
1935 – Mahmoud Abbas, Palestinian politician
1936 - Giora Feidman, Israeli clarinetist
1937 - Ahmed Qurei, Palestinian politician
1937 - James Lee, 26th Premier of Prince Edward Island
1937 - Wayne Embry, American basketball player and manager
1938 – Anthony James Leggett, British-American physicist
1940 – James Caan, American actor
1940 – Nancy Pelosi, American politician
1941 – Richard Dawkins, British evolutionary biologist
1942 - Erica Jong, American novelist and poet
1943 - Bob Woodward, American journalist
1943 - Mustafa Kalemli, Turkish physician and politician
1944 – Diana Ross, American singer (The Supremes)
1944 - Igor Mitoraj, Polish sculptor (d. 2014)
1945 – Mikhail Voronin, Soviet gymnast (d. 2004)
1945 - Paul Bérenger, former Prime Minister of Mauritius
1946 - Alain Madelin, French politician
1946 - Johnny Crawford, American actor, singer and musician
1948 – Richard Tandy, British musician
1948 – Steven Tyler, American singer (Aerosmith)
1948 - Nash the Slash, Canadian musician (d. 2014)
1948 - Kyung-wha Chung, South Korean violinist
1949 - Jon English, English-Australian singer-songwriter, musician and actor (d. 2016)
1949 – Patrick Süskind, German writer
1949 - Vicki Lawrence, American actress, comedienne and singer
1950 – Teddy Pendergrass, American singer-songwriter (d. 2010)
1950 – Martin Short, Canadian actor and screenwriter
1950 - Alan Silvestri, American composer
1951 – Carl Wieman, American physicist
1952 – Didier Pironi, French racing driver (d. 1987)
1953 – Lincoln Chafee, American politician, former Governor of Rhode Island
1953 - Elaine Chao, American politician
1953 - Tatyana Providokhina, Russian middle-distance runner
1956 - Charly McClain, American singer
1956 - Park Won-soon, South Korean lawyer and politician
1957 - Fiona Bruce, British politician
1958 - Elio de Angelis, Italian racing driver (d. 1986)
1960 – Jennifer Grey, American actress
1961 – William Hague, British politician
1962 - Kevin Seitzer, American baseball player
1962 - Yuri Gidzenko, Russian cosmonaut
1963 - Rich Voisine, Canadian singer-songwriter, guitarist and actor
1964 – Ulf Samuelsson, Swedish ice hockey player
1964 - Todd Barry, American comedian
1964 - Maria Miller, British politician
1965 - Violeta Szekely, Romanian runner
1968 – Kenny Chesney, American singer
1968 – James Iha, American musician
1969 - Alessandro Moscardi, Italian rugby player
1971 - Martyn Day, Scottish politician
1972 - Leslie Mann, American actress
1973 - Kyung-wha Chung, South Korean violinist
1973 – Larry Page, American co-founder of Google
1974 - Christina Surer, Swiss racing driver
1975 - Juvenile, American rapper
1976 – Amy Smart, American actress
1976 - Alex Varas, Chilean footballer
1977 – Kevin Davies, English footballer
1977 - Bianca Kajlich, American actress
1979 – Nacho Novo, Spanish footballer
1979 - Roisin Conaty, English comedienne
1981 – Massimo Donati, Italian footballer
1982 – Mikel Arteta, Spanish footballer
1982 – Andreas Hinkel, German footballer
1983 – Roman Bednar, Czech footballer
1984 - Felix Neureuther, German skier
1985 – Keira Knightley, British actress
1985 - Jonathan Groff, American actor
1987 – Steven Fletcher, Scottish footballer
1987 - Yui, Japanese singer, musician and actress
1989 – Simon Kjaer, Danish footballer
1990 - Takaki Yuya, Japanese singer and actor
1990 - Matteo Guidicelli, Filipino actor, singer and racing driver
1992 - Haley Ramm, American actress
1992 - Nina Agdal, Danish model
1994 – Mayu Watanabe, Japanese actress and singer (AKB48)
1996 - Kathryn Bernardo, Filipina actress
304 – Saint Emmanuel, Christian martyr
752 - Pope-elect Stephen
922 - Al-Hallaj, Persian Sufi teacher and writer
1130 – King Sigurd I of Norway (b. 1090)
1212 – King Sancho I of Portugal (b. 1154)
1535 - Georg Tannstetter, Austrian mathematician, astronomer and cartographer (b. 1482)
1649 - John Winthrop, English lawyer and politician
1685 - Emperor Go-Sai of Japan (b. 1638)
1726 - Johan Vanbrugh, English playwright and architect (b. 1664)
1793 - John Mudge, English physician (b. 1721)
1797 – James Hutton, Scottish geologist (b. 1726)
1814 – Joseph-Ignace Guillotin, French physician (b. 1738)
1827 – Ludwig van Beethoven, German composer (b. 1770)
1881 - Roman Sanguszko, Polish aristocrat (b. 1800)
1888 – Barghash bin Said, Sultan of Zanzibar (b. 1837)
1892 – Walt Whitman, American poet (b. 1819)
1902 – Cecil Rhodes, English explorer and colonial politician (b. 1853)
1905 - Maurice Barrymore, American actor (b. 1849)
1910 - An Jung-geun, Korean general (b. 1879)
1910 - Auguste Charlois, French astronomer (b. 1864)
1923 – Sarah Bernhardt, French actress (b. 1844)
1926 – Konstantin Fehrenbach, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1852)
1929 - Katharine Lee Bates, American poet (b. 1859)
1933 - Eddie Lang, American jazz musician (b. 1902)
1940 – Spyridon Louis, Greek marathon runner (b. 1873)
1945 – David Lloyd George, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1863)
1951 - James F. Hinkle, Governor of New Mexico (b. 1864)
1954 - Charles Perrin, French rower (b. 1875)
1957 - Edouard Herriot, Prime Minister of France (b. 1872)
1959 – Raymond Chandler, American-born novelist (b. 1888)
1969 - John Kennedy Toole, American author (b. 1937)
1973 – Noël Coward, British composer and playwright (b. 1899)
1973 – George Sisler, American baseball player (b. 1893)
1976 – Josef Albers, German artist (b. 1888)
1980 - Roland Barthes, French linguist and critic (b. 1915)
1983 - Anthony Blunt, English historian and spy (b. 1907)
1984 – Ahmed Sékou Touré, President of Guinea (b. 1922)
1987 – Eugen Jochum, German conductor (b. 1902)
1987 - Walter Abel, American poet (b. 1898)
1989 - Hai Zi, Chinese poet (b. 1964)
1993 - J. Caleb Boggs, American politician, 62nd Governor of Delaware (b. 1909)
1995 – Eazy-E, American rapper (b. 1963)
1996 - Edmund Muskie, American politician (b. 1914)
1996 - David Packard, American engineer and businessman (b. 1912)
1997 – Marshall Applewhite, American, leader of the Heaven's Gate cult (b. 1931)
2003 - Daniel Patrick Moynihan, American politician (b. 1927)
2005 – James Callaghan, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1912)
2006 - Nikki Sudden, British singer-songwriter (b. 1956)
2008 – Manuel Marulanda, Colombian guerrilla (b. 1930)
2011 – Paul Baran, American computer programmer (b. 1926)
2011 – Geraldine Ferraro, American lawyer and politician (b. 1935)
2011 – Diana Wynne Jones, British writer (b. 1934)
2013 - Jerzy Nowak, Polish actor (b. 1923)
2013 - Don Payne, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1964)
2014 - George Bookasta, American actor and director (b. 1917)
2014 - Dick Guidry, American businessman and politician (b. 1929)
2015 - Karl Moik, Austrian television presenter and singer (b. 1938)
2015 - John Renbourn, English guitarist (b. 1944)
2015 - Dinkha IV, Catholicos-Patriarch of the Assyrian Church of the East (b. 1935)
2015 - Tomas Tranströmer, Swedish poet (b. 1931)
2015 - Friedrich L. Bauer, German computer scientist (b. 1924)
2015 - Fred Robsahm, Norwegian actor (b. 1943)
2016 - David Baker, American jazz musician (b. 1931)
2016 - Norm Hadley, Canadian rugby player (b. 1964)
2016 - Jim Harrison, American author and screenwriter (b. 1937)
2016 - Igor Pashkevich, Soviet-Russian figure skater (b. 1971)
2017 - Mai Dantsig, Belarusian artist (b. 1930)
2017 - Vladimir Kazachyonok, Russian footballer and manager (b. 1952)
2017 - Roger Wilkins, American civil rights activist and journalist (b. 1932)
Independence Day in Bangladesh
Prince Kuhio Day (Hawaii)
Prophet Zoroaster's Birthday (Zoroastrianism)
Day of Democracy (Mali)
March 20 is usually the first day of spring in the Northern Hemisphere, and the first day of autumn in the Southern Hemisphere.
325 – The First Council of Nicaea – the first Ecumenical Council of the Christian Church – is held.
526 – An earthquake kills about 300,000 people in Syria and Antiochia.
685 – The Battle of Nechtansmere is fought between a Pictish army under King Bridei III and the invading Northumbrians under King Ecgfrith, who are decisively defeated.
1217 – The Second Battle of Lincoln is fought near Lincoln, England, resulting in the defeat of Prince Louis of France by William Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke.
1293 – King Sancho IV of Castile creates the Study of General Schools of Alcalá.
1413 - Henry V of England becomes King.
1497 – John Cabot sets sail from Bristol, England, on his ship The Mathew looking for a route to the west (other documents give a May 2 date).
1498 – Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama arrives at Kozhikode (previously known as Calicut), India.
1521 – Battle of Pampeluna.
1570 – Cartographer Abraham Ortelius issues the first modern atlas.
1600 - Linkoping bloodbath in Sweden.
1602 - The Dutch East India Company is founded.
1631 – The city of Magdeburg in Germany is seized by forces of the Holy Roman Empire and most of its inhabitants massacred, in one of the bloodiest incidents of the Thirty Years War.
1690 – England passes the Act of Grace, forgiving followers of Catholic James II.
1713 - An earthquake destroys most of the city of Foggia, Italy, and kills  around 2,000 people.
1760 - One tenth of Boston, Massachusetts is destroyed by fire.
1813 – Napoleon Bonaparte leads his French troops into the Battle of Bautzen in Saxony, Germany, against the combined armies of Russia and Prussia.
The battle ends the next day with a French victory.
1815 - Napoleon Bonaparte, after his escape from the Italian island of Elba, enters Paris with a regular army of 140,000 and a volunteer force of over 200,000.
1845 – HMS Erebus and HMS Terror with 134 men under John Franklin sail from the River Thames in England, beginning a disastrous expedition to find the Northwest Passage.
All crew members die on the expedition.
1848 - King Ludwig I of Bavaria gives up the throne, through his affair with Lola Montez.
1852 – The novel Uncle Tom's Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe is published for the first time.
1854 - The US Republican Party is founded in Ripon, Wisconsin.
1861 – American Civil War: The state of Kentucky proclaims its neutrality, which will last until September 3 when Confederate forces enter the state.
1861 – Mendoza, Argentina, is completely destroyed by an earthquake in which around 6,000 people are killed.
1862 – U.S. President Abraham Lincoln signs the Homestead Act into law.
1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Ware Bottom Church – In the Virginia Bermuda Hundred Campaign, 10,000 troops fight in this Confederate victory.
1873 – Levi Strauss and Jacob Davis receive a United States patent for blue jeans with copper rivets.
1882 – The Triple Alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy is formed.
1888 - The premiere (first showing) of the very first Romani language operetta is staged in Moscow.
1890 - Leo von Caprivi replaces Otto von Bismarck as Chancellor of Germany.
1891 – History of cinema: First public display of Thomas Alva Edison's prototype kinetoscope (shown at Edison's Laboratory for a convention of the National Federation of Women's Clubs).
1902 – Cuba gains independence from the United States.
1913 - Chinese politician Sung Chiao-jen is targeted in a assassination attempt, dying two days later.
1913 - Passenger steamer Koombana sinks in a cyclone off Western Australia, killing 138 people.
1916 – The Saturday Evening Post publishes its first cover with a Norman Rockwell painting ("Boy with Baby Carriage").
1916 – The U.S. town of Codell, Kansas, is struck by an F2 tornado.
1917 – The U.S. town of Codell, Kansas, is struck by an F3 tornado.
1918 – For the third consecutive year on this date, the U.S. town of Codell, Kansas, is struck by a tornado.
1920 – The Weimarer Nationalversammlung, the national assembly of Germany's Weimar Republic, is permanently dissolved.
1920 – Montreal Quebec station XWA broadcasts the first regularly scheduled radio programming in North America.
1927 – By the Treaty of Jedda, the United Kingdom recognizes the sovereignty of King Ibn Saud in the Kingdoms of Hejaz and Nejd, which later merged to become the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
1932 – Amelia Earhart takes off from Newfoundland to begin the world's first solo nonstop flight across the Atlantic Ocean by a female pilot, landing in Ireland the next day.
1940 – Holocaust: The first prisoners arrive at a new concentration camp at Auschwitz.
1941 – World War II: Battle of Crete – German paratroops invade Crete.
1949 – In the United States, the AFSA (the predecessor of the NSA) is established.
1951 - Fujiyoshida, Yamanashi Prefecture is founded in central Honshu, Japan.
1952 - The United States Senate supports  a peace treaty with Japan.
1954 – Chiang Kai-shek is selected for another term as President of the Republic of China by the National Assembly.
1956 – Tunisia becomes independent from France.
1964 - The European Space Research Organization is founded, as a precursor to the European Space Agency.
1965 – A Pakistani Airlines Boeing 720-B crashes on landing at Cairo airport, killing 121 people.
1966 – The original FIFA World Cup trophy is stolen in England.
It is found a week later.
1969 – The Battle of Hamburger Hill in Vietnam ends.
1972 - The Troubles: The Provisional IRA carry out a car bomb attack in Belfast, killing 7 people, and injuring 148.
1974 - Near Buckingham Palace, Ian Ball attempts to kidnap Anne, Princess Royal and her then-husband Mark Phillips.
They both escape unhurt.
1980 – In a Referendum in Quebec, the population rejects by a 60% vote the proposal from its government to move towards independence from Canada.
1985 – Radio Martí, part of the Voice of America service, begins broadcasting to Cuba.
1985 – Libby Riddles becomes the first woman to win the Iditarod Sled Dog Race in Alaska.
1988 - Eritrean War of Independence: The Eritrean People's Liberation Front enters the town of Afabet.
1989 – The Chinese authorities declare martial law in the face of pro-democracy demonstrations, setting the scene for the Tiananmen Square massacre.
1990 – The first post-Communist presidential and parliamentary elections are held in Romania.
1993 – The television sitcom, Cheers ends an 11-year run on NBC.
1993 - An IRA bomb explodes in Warrington, England, killing two boys.
1995 – The Japanese cult, Aum Shinrikyo, under leadership of Shoko Asahara carries out a deadly sarin gas attack on the Tokyo subway.
1996 – Gay rights: The Supreme Court of the United States rules in Romer v. Evans against a law that would have prevented any city, town or county in the state of Colorado from taking any legislative, executive, or judicial action to protect the rights of homosexuals.
1999 - LEGOLAND California opens in Carlsbad, California.
2003 – The US-led invasion of Iraq begins.
2005 – A magnitude 6.6 earthquake hits Fukuoka, Japan, killing one person, and leading to hundreds being injured or evacuated.
2006 -  Over 150 Chadian soldiers are killed in Eastern Chad by members of the rebel United Front for Democratic Change.
The rebel group had the intention of removing President Idriss Déby from office.
2006 - Cyclone Larry hits Queensland, Australia.
2008 - Emirates becomes the first airline to offer a mobile phone service during flights.
2013 - President of Bangladesh Zillur Rahman dies aged 84.
Abdul Hamid takes over as caretaker President.
2015 - A train crash in Uttar Pradesh, India, kills at least 30 people.
2015 - A solar eclipse coincides with the Spring Equinox in Europe, Greenland, and parts of North Africa and Northern and West-Central Asia.
Totality occurs over the Faroe Islands and Svalbard.
2015 - A series of bombings in Yemen kills over 100 people.
2016 - US President Barack Obama starts a historic visit to Cuba - the first by a serving US President since Calvin Coolidge in 1928.
2017 - An accident at the Kintampo waterfalls in Ghana kills at least 18 people.
43 BC – Publius Ovidius Naso, Roman poet (d. 17)
1142 – King Malcolm IV of Scotland (d. 1165)
1469 - Princess Cecily of York (d. 1507)
1477 - Jerome Emser, German theologian (d. 1527)
1502 - Pierino Belli, Italian soldier and jurist (d. 1575)
1634 – Balthasar Bekker, Dutch philosopher (d. 1698)
1639 - Ivan Mazepa, Head of State of Ukraine (d. 1709)
1664 - Johann Baptist Homann, German cartographer and publisher (d. 1724)
1725 – Abdul Hamid I, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1789)
1735 - Tobern Bergman, Swedish chemist and mineralogist (d. 1784)
1737 – Rama I of Siam (d. 1809)
1741 – Jean-Antoine Loudon, French sculptor (d. 1828)
1770 – Friedrich Hoelderlin, German writer (d. 1843)
1794 - René Primevere Lesson, French physician (d. 1849)
1799 – Karl August Nicander, Swedish poet (d. 1839)
1800 – Braulio Carrillo Colina, Costa Rican Head of State (d. 1845)
1811 – Napoleon II of France (d. 1832)
1820 - Alexandru Ioan Cuza, Prince of Romania (d. 1873)
1828 – Henrik Ibsen, Norwegian writer and playwright (d. 1906)
1836 – Edward Poynter, British painter (d. 1919)
1845 - William Gowers, British neurologist (d. 1915)
1846 - Giulio Bizzozero, Italian physician and medical researcher (d. 1901)
1852 - John Franklin Fort, Governor of New Jersey (d. 1920)
1856 – Frederick Winslow Taylor, American inventor (d. 1915)
1870 - Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck, German general (d. 1964)
1882 – René Coty, President of France (d. 1962)
1882 - Harold Weber, American golfer (d. 1933)
1888 - Amanda Clement, American baseball umpire (d. 1971)
1890 – Beniamino Gigli, Italian operatic tenor and actor (d. 1957)
1891 - Edmund Goulding, British-American movie director and screenwriter (d. 1959)
1894 – Ky Ebright, American Olympic rowing coach (d. 1979)
1903 - Edgar Buchanan, American actor (d. 1979)
1904 – B. F. Skinner, American psychologist (d. 1990)
1905 - Jean Galia, French rugby player (d. 1949)
1906 – Abraham Beame, Mayor of New York City (d. 2001)
1907 - Ellis Arnall, Governor of Georgia (d. 1992)
1908 – Michael Redgrave, English actor (d. 1985)
1911 – Alfonso Garcia Robles, Mexican diplomat and politician (d. 1991)
1912 - Ralph Hauenstein, American philanthropist and businessman (d. 2016)
1915 – Rudolf Kirchschlaeger, President of Austria (d. 2000)
1915 – Sviatoslav Richter, Soviet pianist (d. 1997)
1916 – Pierre Messmer, Prime Minister of France (d. 2007)
1917 – Dame Vera Lynn, British singer
1917 - Yigael Yadin, Israeli archaeologist, politician and general (d. 1984)
1918 - Jack Barry, American game show host and producer (d. 1984)
1918 - Marian McPartland, English-American pianist and composer (d. 2013)
1920 - Pamela Harriman, British-American diplomat (d. 1997)
1922 – Carl Reiner, American movie director and actor
1923 - Shaukat Siddiqui, Pakistani writer, journalist and activist (d. 2006)
1925 – John Ehrlichman, American political figure (d. 1999)
1927 - Jean Joubert, South African-born British composer
1928 – Fred Rogers, American TV host (d. 2003)
1929 - German Robles, Spanish actor
1930 - Thomas Stafford Williams, New Zealand cardinal
1931 - Hal Linden, American actor
1933 - Alexander Gorodnitsky, Russian geologist and poet
1933 - Azeglio Vicini, Italian footballer
1933 - Renato Salvatori, Italian actor (d. 1988)
1934 - Willie Brown, former Mayor of San Francisco
1935 - Jim McAnearney, Scottish footballer (d. 2017)
1936 - Lee "Scratch" Perry, Jamaican reggae producer
1936 - Lina Morgan, Spanish actress (d. 2015)
1937 - Lois Lowry, American writer
1937 – Jerry Reed, American singer and actor (d. 2008)
1939 – Brian Mulroney, 18th Prime Minister of Canada
1939 - Don Edwards, American singer and guitarist
1939 - Walter Jakob Gehring, Swiss developmental biologist (d. 2014)
1939 - Robert Swindells, English author
1940 - Mary Ellen Mark, American photographer (d. 2015)
1941 - Kenji Kimihara, Japanese long-distance runner
1943 - Douglas Tompkins, American philanthropist and businessman
1944 - Erwin Neher, German biophysicist
1945 – Pat Riley, American basketball player and coach
1945 - Tim Yeo, British politician
1946 - Malcolm Simmons, British speedway rider (d. 2014)
1947 - John Boswell, American historian
1948 - John de Lancie, American actor, comedian, director, producer and singer
1948 – Bobby Orr, Canadian ice hockey player
1950 – William Hurt, American actor
1950 - Carl Palmer, English drummer (Emerson, Lake & Palmer)
1951 – Jimmie Vaughan, American guitarist
1954 - Yamina Bachir, Algerian director and screenwriter
1954 - Mike Francesa, American talk show host
1956 – Catherine Ashton, British politician
1957 - David Foster, Australian world champion wood chopper
1957 - Chris Wedge, American animator, screenwriter, producer and voice actor
1957 – Spike Lee, American movie director
1957 - Theresa Russell, American actress
1958 – Holly Hunter, American actress
1960 – Norbert Pohlmann, German computer scientist
1960 - Yuri Shargin, Russian cosmonaut
1961 – Jesper Olsen, Danish footballer
1961 - Sara Wheeler, English author and journalist
1963 - Paul Annacone, American tennis player
1963 - Andrei Sokolov, Russian-French chess player
1963 – David Thewlis, British actor
1963 – Kathy Ireland, American model and actress
1965 - William Dalrymple, Scottish writer and historian
1967 - Xavier Beauvoir, French actor, director and screenwriter
1968 – Paul Merson, English footballer
1969 - Yvette Cooper, Scottish-English politician
1970 - Edoardo Ballerini, American actor, writer, director and producer
1970 - Michael Rapaport, American actor and director
1972 - Chilly Gonzales, Canadian musician
1972 – Alexander Kapranos, Greek-British musician, Franz Ferdinand
1973 - Chris Stephens, Scottish politician
1974 - Paula Garcés, American-Colombian actress
1974 – Carsten Ramelow, German footballer
1976 – Chester Bennington, American musician (Linkin Park)
1979 – Freema Agyeman, British actress
1979 – Bianca Lawson, American actress
1979 - Keven Meleanu, New Zealand rugby player
1979 - Valdas Trakys, Lithuanian footballer
1980 - Jamal Crawford, American basketball player
1981 - Ian Murray, Scottish footballer
1982 – Rory Fallon, New Zealand footballer
1982 – Tomasz Kuszczak, Polish footballer
1983 – Eiji Kawashima, Japanese footballer
1983 – Thomas Kahlenberg, Danish footballer
1984 – Fernando Torres, Spanish footballer
1984 - Christy Carlson Romano, American actress and singer
1984 - iJustine, American YouTube personality
1984 - Marcus Vick, American football player
1985 - Morgan Amalfitano, French footballer
1986 – Julian Magallanes, Argentine footballer
1986 - Kirsty Blackman, Scottish politician
1987 – Sergei Kostitsyn, Belarusian ice hockey player
1987 – Jo, Brazilian footballer
1988 – Louie Vito, American snowboarder
1989 - Xavier Dolan, Canadian actor, director and screenwriter
1990 - Marcos Rojo, Argentine footballer
1991 - Lucie Jones, Welsh singer
1991 - Alexis Pinturault, French skier
1993 - Sloane Stephens, American tennis player
2006 - Barron Trump, son of Donald and Melania Trump
687 – Cuthbert of Lindisfarne, patron saint of Northumbria (b. 634)
1390 - Alexios III, Emperor of Trebizond (b. 1338)
1413 – King Henry IV of England (b. 1367)
1568 - Duke Albert of Prussia (b. 1490)
1586 - Richard Maitland, Scottish statesman and historian (b. 1496)
1619 – Mathias, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1557)
1668 – Nicolas Mignard, French painter (b. 1606)
1730 - Adrienne Lecouvreur, French actress  (b. 1692)
1865 – Keisuke Yamanami, Japanese samurai (b. 1833)
1874 – Hans Christian Lumbye, Danish composer (b. 1810)
1878 - Julius Robert von Mayer, German physician and physicist (b. 1814)
1894 – Lajos Kossuth, National hero of Hungary (b. 1802)
1897 - Apollon Maykov, Russian poet (b. 1821)
1899 - Franz Ritter von Hauer, Austrian geologist (b. 1822)
1916 - Ota Benga, Congolese Pygmy (b. 1884)
1918 - Lewis A. Grant, American Civil War general (b. 1828)
1925 - George Nathaniel Curzon, British Viceroy of India (b. 1859)
1931 – Hermann Müller, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1876)
1933 - Giuseppe Zangara, Italian-American assassin (b. 1900)
1934 – Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont, Regent of the Netherlands (b. 1858)
1935 - Jon Thorlaksson, Prime Minister of Iceland (b. 1877)
1947 – Sigurd Wallén, Swedish actor and movie director (b. 1884)
1958 - Adegoke Adelabu, Nigerian politician (b. 1915)
1964 – Brendan Behan, Irish playwright and writer (b. 1923)
1965 - Daniel Frank, American long jumper (b. 1882)
1968 - Carl Theodor Dreyer, Danish movie director (b. 1889)
1977 - Terukuni Manzo, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1919)
1983 – Ivan Matveyevich Vinogradov, Russian mathematician (b. 1891)
1990 – Lev Yashin, Soviet footballer (b. 1929)
1990 - Maurice Cloche, French director, producer and screenwriter (b. 1907)
1992 - Georges Delerue, French movie composer (b. 1925)
1993 – Polykarp Kusch, German physicist (b. 1911)
1995 – Werner Liebrich, German footballer (b. 1927)
1998 – Catherine Sauvage, French singer and actress (b. 1929)
2004 – Queen Juliana of the Netherlands (b. 1909)
2007 - Taha Yassin Ramadan, Vice President of Iraq (b. 1938)
2008 - Klaus Dinger, German musician (b. 1946)
2009 - Abdellatif Filali, Prime Minister of Morocco (b. 1928)
2010 – Girija Prasad Koirala, Nepalese politician (b. 1925)
2010 – Harry Carpenter, British sports commentator (b. 1925)
2010 – Stewart Udall, American politician (b. 1920)
2013 - Zillur Rahman, President of Bangladesh (b. 1929)
2013 - James Herbert, English writer (b. 1943)
2013 - George Lowe, New Zealand mountaineer (b. 1924)
2014 - Khushwant Singh, Indian journalist and novelist (b. 1915)
2014 - Hilderaldo Bellini, Brazilian footballer (b. 1930)
2014 - Tonie Nathan, American politician (b. 1923)
2015 - Malcolm Fraser, 22nd Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1930)
2015 - A. J. Pero, American drummer (b. 1959)
2015 - Walter Grauman, American director and producer (b. 1922)
2015 - Gregory Walcott, American actor (b. 1928)
2015 - Eva Burrows, Australian Salvation Army General (b. 1929)
2015 - Robert Kastenmeier, American politician (b. 1924)
2016 - Anker Jorgensen, Prime Minister of Denmark (b. 1922)
2017 - Leticia Ramos-Shahani, Filipino politician (b. 1929)
2017 - Chandler Robbins, American ornithologist and writer (b. 1918)
2017 - David Rockefeller, American banker, businessman and philanthropist (b. 1915)
2017 - Robert B. Silvers, American editor and essayist (b. 1929)
2017 - Bagrat de Bagration y de Baviera, Spanish royal (b. 1949)
2017 - Edward Joseph McManus, American politician and jurist (b. 1920)
2017 - Tony Terran, American trumpeter and session musician (b. 1926)
2018 - Katie Boyle, Italian-born British actress and television presenter (b. 1926)
2018 - Peter George Peterson, American financier and politician (b. 1926)
Independence Day in Tunisia
Spring Equinox in the Northern Hemisphere
Autumn Equinox in the Southern Hemisphere
Norouz/Nowruz, Iranian New Year
Francophone Day (Organisation internationale de la Francophonie and French-speaking countries)
UN French language Day
World Sparrow Day
International Day of Happiness
1075  Dmitar Zvonimir is crowned King of Croatia.
1480  Stand-off on the Ugra River, between the forces of Akhmat Khan of the 'Great Horde', and those of Grand Duke Ivan III of Russia, resulting in the retreat of the Tataro-Mongols.
1573  End of the Spanish Siege of Alkmaar (Netherlands) - First Dutch victory in the Eighty Years' War.
1600  San Marino adopts its own constitution.
1806  Napoleonic Wars: Forces of the British Empire lay siege to the port of Boulogne-sur-Mer, on France's English Channel coast.
1813  The Treaty of Ried is signed between Bavaria and Austria.
1814  The first election to Norway's Storting (Parliament) takes place.
1821  The Government of Jose de San Martin creates the Peruvian Navy.
1822  A volcanic eruption begins on the island of Java.
1856  The Second Opium War between China and Western powers begins.
1860  The telegraph line linking San Francisco and Los Angeles, California, opens.
1862  American Civil War: Battle of Perryville, Kentucky.
1871  The Great Chicago Fire occurs.
1879  War of the Pacific: In the naval Battle of Angamos, Chile defeats Peru.
1895  Empress Myeongseong of Korea is murdered by Japanese forces at Geongbok Palace, before her corpse is burned.
1897  Gustav Mahler becomes director of the Vienna Court Opera.
1904  Edmonton, Alberta and Prince Albert, Saskatchewan become cities.
1912  The First Balkan War begins: Montenegro declares war on the Ottoman Empire.
1918  World War I: In the Argonne Forest, France, US Corporal Alvin C. York kills 28 German soldiers and captures 132.
1928  Joseph Szigeti gives the first performance of Alfredo Casella's violin concerto.
1932  The Indian Air Force is created.
1939  World War II: Germany annexes Western Poland.
1941  World War II: In their invasion of the Soviet Union, Germany reaches the Sea of Azov with the capture of Mariupol.
1952  United Kingdom: The Harrow and Wealdstone rail crash occurs.
It is the UK's deadliest peacetime rail disaster.
1956  The New York Yankees player Don Larsen pitches the only perfect game in a World Series.
1962  Algeria joins the UN.
1962  Germany's Der Spiegel publishes an article on the Bundeswehr (German army), which leads to a major scandal.
1967  Che Guevara is captured in Bolivia, leading to his execution the next day.
1973  Yom Kippur War: Gabi Amir's armored brigade attack Egyptian-occupied positions on Israel's side of the Suez Canal, in hope of driving them away.
The attack fails, destroying over 150 Israeli tanks.
1974  Baja California Sur becomes a state of Mexico.
1978  Australian Ken Warby sets the a water speed record, which still stands.
1982  Trade Unions, including Solidarity, are banned in Poland.
1982  The musical Cats opens on Broadway.
1990  Israel-Palestinian Conflict: In Jerusalem, Israeli police kill 17 Palestinian and injure over 100 near the Dome of the Rock.
1991  Croatia decides to sever constitutional relations with Yugoslavia.
1998  In Oslo, Gardermoen Airport replaces Fornebu Airport.
2000  Aleksander Kwasniewski is re-elected as President of Poland.
2001  Two airplanes collide in heavy fog from take-off from Milan, Italy, killing 118 people.
2001  George W. Bush announces the creation of the Department of Homeland Security.
2004  Wangari Maathai wins the Nobel Peace Prize.
2005  2005 Pakistan earthquake: At 03:50:38 UTC, an earthquake measuring 7.6 on the Richter scale happens in the Pakistan region of Kashmir, killing thousands of people.
2010  Chinese activist Liu Xiaobo wins the Nobel Peace Prize.
2013  Peter Higgs and François Englert share the Nobel Prize in Physics for the discovery of the Higgs boson.
2015  President Sepp Blatter is suspended from FIFA for ninety days, along with senior officials Michel Platini and Jerome Valcke, during a major corruption scandal.
2018  The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change releases a special report, warning that "rapid, far-reaching and unprecedented changes in all aspects of society" would need to be made to prevent global warming by more than 1.5 degrees Celsius over the upcoming century.
1515  Margaret Douglas, Scottish noblewoman (d. 1578)
1585  Heinrich Schütz, German composer (d. 1672)
1661  Michel Le Quien, French history writer (d. 1733)
1676  Benito Jeronimo Feijoo, Galician monk and scholar (d. 1764)
1713  Yechezkel Landau, Polish rabbi (d. 1793)
1715  Michel Benoist, French Jesuit missionary (d. 1774)
1720  Jonathan Mayhew, American minister (d. 1766)
1747  Jean-Francois Rewbell, French politician (d. 1807)
1789  William John Swainson, English-New Zealand ornithologist and entomologist (d. 1855)
1789  John Ruggles, American politician (d. 1874)
1807  Harriet Taylor Mill, English philosopher and activist (d. 1858)
1818  John Henninger Reagan, American politician (d. 1905)
1823  Ivan Aksakov, Russian writer (d. 1876)
1826  Emily Blackwell, American physician and activist (d. 1910)
1834  Walter Kittredge, American violinist and composer (d. 1905)