the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
On 21 December 1988, Pan Am Flight 103 from Heathrow to New York/JFK was blown up over Lockerbie, Scotland, killing all 259 on board and 11 other people on the ground.
In 1994, over a six-day period, Heathrow was targeted three times (8, 10, and 13 March) by the IRA, who fired 12 mortars.
Heathrow was a symbolic target due to its importance to the UK economy, and much disruption was caused when areas of the airport were closed over the period.
The importance of the incident was heightened by the fact that the Queen was being flown back to Heathrow by the RAF on 10 March.
In March 2002, thieves stole US$3 million that had arrived on a South African Airways flight.
In February 2003, the British Army was sent to Heathrow, along with 1,000 police officers, in response to intelligence reports suggesting that al-Qaeda terrorists might launch surface-to-air missile attacks at British or American airliners.
On 17 May 2004, Scotland Yard's Flying Squad foiled an attempt by seven men to steal £40 million in gold bullion and a similar quantity of cash from the Swissport warehouse at Heathrow.
On 10 August 2006, the airport caused changes in security, when a supposed al-Qaeda terrorist plot was uncovered.
New security rules were put in force immediately, causing restrictions about carrying liquids on board flights.
This caused longer queues and wait times at security.
Restrictions included the prohibition of carry-on luggage (except essential items such as travel documents and medication) and all liquids – although this rule was later relaxed to allow the carrying on board of liquid medications and baby milk.
Rail links
Heathrow Express: a non-stop service direct to London's Paddington station.
TfL Rail: a stopping service to Paddington calling at up to five National Rail stations en route.
Calls at Hayes & Harlington for connecting trains to Reading.
London Underground (Piccadilly line): four stations on this line serve the airport.
The Western Rail Approach to Heathrow is a proposed rail link which would create an additional connection between London's Heathrow Airport and the Great Western Main Line.
The line would begin at Heathrow Terminal 5 and run, via a tunnel, to a junction east of Langley station.
This would allow trains to run westwards towards  and Slough.
Heathrow Airtrack is a proposed railway link in west London.
The line was proposed by BAA and would run from Heathrow Terminal 5 into central London and across the suburbs of southwest London.
In October 2011, Wandsworth Council announced a revised plan called Airtrack-Lite.
Heathrow Southern Railway is a proposed new railway up to 8 miles long.
It would link Heathrow Terminal 5 with Chertsey or Virginia Water and Staines.
The scheme was announced in August 2017.
It is promoted by Heathrow Southern Railway Limited and is to be financed privately.
The Windsor Link Railway is a proposed new railway in Windsor, Berkshire.
It would replace the two stations in Windsor with a single underground station and there would be an extension to Heathrow Airport.
A Light Rail Scheme has been proposed by Spelthorne Council.
It would link a new station in Staines to Heathrow Airport.
Heathrow
London Luton Airport  (previously called Luton International Airport) is an international airport on the edge of the town of Luton, Bedfordshire, England approximately  north of London.
The airport is 2 miles (3 km) from junction 10a of the M1 motorway.
It is the fourth largest airport serving the London area after Heathrow, Gatwick and Stansted and is one of London's five international airports along with London City Airport.
In 2007, total passengers at London Luton increased by 5.3% to 9,927,321  making it the fifth busiest airport in the UK.
The airport serves as a hub for easyJet, TUI, Wizz Air and Ryanair.
Most of the routes served are within Europe.
London Luton Airport is widely known as a result of the Airline and Luton Airport television series.
The 2000–01 NHL season was the 84th regular season of the National Hockey League.
The Stanley Cup winners were the Colorado Avalanche, who won the best of seven series 4–3 against the New Jersey Devils.
The focus of Colorado's Stanley Cup run was on defenceman Raymond Bourque who was on a quest to win his first Stanley Cup championship in his 22-year career.
Andy McDonald, Mighty Ducks of Anaheim
Andrew Raycroft, Boston Bruins
Samuel Pahlsson, Boston Bruins
David Vyborny, Columbus Blue Jackets
Jody Shelley, Columbus Blue Jackets
Marty Turco, Dallas Stars
Mike Comrie, Edmonton Oilers
Shawn Horcoff, Edmonton Oilers
Lubomir Visnovsky, Los Angeles Kings
Marian Gaborik, Minnesota Wild
Mathieu Garon, Montreal Canadiens
Andrei Markov, Montreal Canadiens
Rick DiPietro, New York Islanders
Martin Havlat, Ottawa Senators
Justin Williams, Philadelphia Flyers
Miikka Kiprusoff, San Jose Sharks
Mikael Samuelsson, San Jose Sharks
Brad Richards, Tampa Bay Lightning
Daniel Sedin, Vancouver Canucks
Henrik Sedin, Vancouver Canucks
Paul Coffey, Boston Bruins
Ray Bourque, Colorado Avalanche
Larry Murphy, Detroit Red Wings
Joe Murphy, Washington Capitals
London City Airport  is a single-runway airport, intended for use by STOL (short take-off and landing) planes, mainly serving the financial districts of London.
It is on a former Docklands site, in the London Borough of Newham in East London.
It is near Canary Wharf and the O2 arena in an area called Silvertown.
The airport has tough rules to limit the noise from aircraft operations.
This limits the aircraft types that can be used, and so does the length of the runway and the steep glideslope.
The steep 5.5 degree approache requires special training for crew.
Only multi-engine, fixed-wing aircraft with special crew and aircraft certification can operate at London City Airport.
London City Airport has a CAA Public Use Aerodrome Licence (Number P728).
London City Airport was developed by the engineering company Mowlem in 1986/87.
It is the fifth-largest international airport in size serving the London area, after Heathrow, Gatwick, Stansted and Luton.
London City Airport claims lower check-in times than any other airport in London.
The airport has produced a master plan outlining their vision for growth up to 2030.
The plan shows a phased expansion of the airport to a maximum capacity of 8 million passengers per annum, without the addition of a second runway, or significant expansion of the current airport boundaries.
London City Airport was purchased in October 2006 by a consortium comprising AIG Financial Products Corp. and Global Infrastructure Partners (GIP) for an undisclosed sum.
Speculation suggests the sale was valued at over £750 million.
In 2007, London City Airport had 2.9 million passengers; by 2017 this had risen to 4,530,439.
Helicopters use another airport called London Heliport.
The 1999–2000 NHL season was the 83rd regular season of the National Hockey League.
Twenty-eight teams each played 82 games.
The New Jersey Devils defeated the defending champion Dallas Stars for their second Stanley Cup championship.
During the regular season, no player reached the 100-point plateau - the first time this had happened in a non-lockout season since 1967-68.
Note: W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, OTL = Overtime Losses, GF= Goals For, GA = Goals Against, Pts = Points, PIM = Penalty Minutes.
{{NHLBracket
| RD1=Conference Quarterfinals
| RD2=Conference Semifinals
| RD3=Conference Finals
| RD4=Stanley Cup Finals
| group1=Eastern Conference
| group2=Western Conference
| RD1-seed01=1
| RD1-team01=Philadelphia
| RD1-score01=4
| RD1-seed02=8
| RD1-team02=Buffalo
| RD1-score02=1
| RD1-seed03=2
| RD1-team03=Washington
| RD1-score03=1
| RD1-seed04=7
| RD1-team04=Pittsburgh
| RD1-score04=4
| RD1-seed07=4
| RD1-team07=New Jersey
| RD1-score07=4
| RD1-seed08=5
| RD1-team08=Florida
| RD1-score08=0
| RD1-seed05=3
| RD1-team05=Toronto
| RD1-score05=4
| RD1-seed06=6
| RD1-team06=Ottawa
| RD1-score06=2
| RD1-seed09=2
| RD1-team09=Dallas
| RD1-score09=4
| RD1-seed10=7
| RD1-team10=Edmonton
| RD1-score10=1
| RD1-seed11=1
| RD1-team11=St. Louis
| RD1-score11=3
| RD1-seed12=8
| RD1-team12=San Jose
| RD1-score12=4
| RD1-seed15=4
| RD1-team15=Detroit
| RD1-score15=4
| RD1-seed16=5
| RD1-team16=Los Angeles
| RD1-score16=0
| RD1-seed13=3
| RD1-team13=Colorado
| RD1-score13=4
| RD1-seed14=6
| RD1-team14=Phoenix
| RD1-score14=1
| RD2-seed03=3
| RD2-team03=Toronto
| RD2-score03=2
| RD2-seed04=4
| RD2-team04=New Jersey
| RD2-score04=4
| RD2-seed01=1
| RD2-team01=Philadelphia
| RD2-score01=4
| RD2-seed02=7
| RD2-team02=Pittsburgh
| RD2-score02=2
| RD2-seed07=3
| RD2-team07=Colorado
| RD2-score07=4
| RD2-seed08=4
| RD2-team08=Detroit
| RD2-score08=1
| RD2-seed05=2
| RD2-team05=Dallas
| RD2-score05=4
| RD2-seed06=8
| RD2-team06=San Jose
| RD2-score06=1
| RD3-seed01=1
| RD3-team01=Philadelphia
| RD3-score01=3
| RD3-seed02=4
| RD3-team02=New Jersey
| RD3-score02=4| RD3-seed03=2| RD3-team03=Dallas| RD3-score03=4| RD3-seed04=3
| RD3-team04=Colorado
| RD3-score04=3
| RD4-seed01=E4| RD4-team01=New Jersey| RD4-score01=4| RD4-seed02=W2
| RD4-team02=Dallas
| RD4-score02=2
}}Note:''' W = Wins, G = Goals Scored
Eastern Conference Final
Western Conference Final
Patrick Stefan, Atlanta Thrashers
John Grahame, Boston Bruins
Maxim Afinogenov, Buffalo Sabres
Robyn Regehr, Calgary Flames
Alex Tanguay, Colorado Avalanche
Martin Skoula, Colorado Avalanche
Brenden Morrow, Dallas Stars
Mike Ribeiro, Montreal Canadiens
Brian Rafalski, New Jersey Devils
Scott Gomez, New Jersey Devils
Willie Mitchell, New Jersey Devils
Roberto Luongo, New York Islanders
Tim Connolly, New York Islanders
Mike Fisher, Ottawa Senators
Brian Boucher, Philadelphia Flyers
Simon Gagne, Philadelphia Flyers
Brad Stuart, San Jose Sharks
Evgeni Nabokov, San Jose Sharks
Ladislav Nagy, St. Louis Blues
Nik Antropov, Toronto Maple Leafs
Marty McSorley, Boston Bruins
Grant Fuhr, Calgary Flames
Steve Smith, Calgary Flames
Guy Carbonneau, Dallas Stars
Esa Tikkanen, Florida Panthers
Wendel Clark, Toronto Maple Leafs
A shortening of the name Robert
Bob (physics), the weight at the end of a pendulum
"Bob" (song), a song by "Weird Al" Yankovic from Poodle Hat
"Bob" (Red Hot Chili Peppers Song), a song by the Red Hot Chili Peppers from the album One Hot Minute
J.R. "Bob" Dobbs, a figurehead of the satirical Church of the SubGenius
Bob cut, a hairstyle
Bob FM, a radio format in Canada and the U.S.
Hurricane Bob, a 1991 hurricane
Microsoft Bob, an unsuccessful software product
A shilling
Bob, a television comedy starring Bob Newhart
Bob of Alice and Bob, placeholder characters in cryptography and physics problems
"B.O.B. (Bombs Over Baghdad)", a 2000 single by OutKast
Bank of Baroda, in India
Band of Brothers, an acclaimed television miniseries
Battle of the Bands, a competition between multiple bands
Bayerische Oberlandbahn, a private German railway
Bend over boyfriend
Berlin Operating Base, the CIA station in Berlin during the Cold War
Berner Oberland Bahn, a mountain railway in Switzerland
Best of Breed, an award in dog shows and other settings
Blitter object, a graphics construct
Bob-omb, a character in the Nintendo Mario video games
Breakout box, an electronics component
Bug-out bag, an emergency kit
Bora Bora Airport's IATA airport code
4-bromo-2,5,beta-trimethoxy-phenethylamine, a             drug
the ISO 4217 code for the Bolivian boliviano (currency)
Bank One Ballpark, or Chase Field
Basketball Owl Band at Rice University
Body Opponent Bag, a punching bag shaped like a human head and torso
BOB (Born on Board), the humans in the Marathon Trilogy
Bob (Twin Peaks), a villain on the television show Twin Peaks
Bob (Blackadder character), the name of two characters in the television comedy Blackadder
Bob (The Dresden Files), a character featured in the novels and TV show The Dresden Files
Bob (First Comics), a "watchlizard" from the First Comics series GrimJack
Bob the Killer Goldfish, a character in the Earthworm Jim universe.
Silent Bob, a character in Kevin Smith's View Askewniverse
Almighty Bob, a fictional deity in Mostly Harmless by Doulgas Adams
Bob, one of the human characters on Sesame Street
Bob, one of the main characters in ReBoot
Bob, the Jagex cat in RuneScape
Evil Bob, a random event in RuneScape
Bob, a character in Bubble Bobble
Bob, a character in Weebl and Bob
Bob, a principal character in What About Bob?
Bob, one of the two eponymous main characters of the sprite comic Bob and George
Smilin' Bob, a character in commercials for Enzyte
Bob Vorsh, a villain in the webcomic Jack (webcomic)
Famous people with the given name Bob
Bob Backlund, American Pro Wrestler.
Bob Barker, an American TV game show host
Bob Bryan, a professional American tennis player.
Bob Bryar, the current drummer for My Chemical Romance
Bob Burnquist, professional skateboarder
Bob Carolgees, British comedian and puppeteer
Bob Carr, Australian politician and Premier of New South Wales
Bob dela Cruz, a Filipino contestant in Pinoy Big Brother, Season 1
Bob Clotworthy, American diver
Bob Dole, American politician
Bob Dylan, American singer-songwriter
Bob Geldof, former lead singer of the Boomtown Rats, organiser of Live Aid concerts
Bob Hope, an American comedian
Bob Hoskins, British actor
Bob Marley, a Jamaican musician
Bob McGrath, American actor
Bob Monkhouse, British stand-up comedian and television presenter
Bob Newhart, an American actor
Bob Ross, American painter
Bob Saget, an American comedian
Bob Sinclar, a French DJ
Bob Stupak, an American entrepreneur, gambler and politician
Bob Weir, former rhythm guitarist of the Grateful Dead
Bob Woodward, an American journalist
The International Opium Convention was the first drug control treaty (or agreement).
It was signed at The Hague in The Netherlands on January 23, 1912.
The United States organised a conference between 13 countries called the International Opium Commission in 1909 in Shanghai, China because people complained more and more about opium trade.
The treaty was signed by Germany, the United States, China, France, the United Kingdom, Italy, Japan, The Netherlands, Persia, Portugal, Russia, and Siam.
The Convention said that "The contracting Powers shall use their best endeavours to control, or to cause to be controlled, all persons manufacturing, importing, selling, distributing, and exporting morphine, cocaine, and their respective salts, as well as the buildings in which these persons carry such an industry or trade."
The Convention was implemented in 1915 by the United States, Netherlands, China, Honduras, and Norway.
It went into force around the world in 1919 when it became part of the Treaty of Versailles.
A modified International Opium Convention was signed on February 19, 1925, which started on September 25, 1928.
It introduced control system to be looked after by a Permanent Central Opium Board, part of the League of Nations.
Egypt, with support from
India and other countries did not agree, saying social and religious customs and that wild-growing cannabis plants being available in many places, that would make it difficult to enforce, so this never made it into the final treaty.
A compromise was made that banned the export of Indian hemp to countries that have banned its use.
Importing countries were made to issue certificates approving the import and stating that the shipment was required "exclusively for medical or scientific purposes."
It also required Parties to "exercise an effective control of such a nature as to prevent the illicit international traffic in Indian hemp and especially in the resin."
These restrictions still made it easy for countries to allow production, internal trade, and use of cannabis for recreational purposes.
The Coleoidea are a group of mollusks making up most of the living cephalopods.
Octopus, squid, and cuttlefish are all members of the Coleoidea.
They do not have shells on the outside, but some do have a bone or shell inside.
All Coleoidea live in the ocean.
The 1998–99 NHL season was the 82nd regular season of the National Hockey League.
Twenty-seven teams played 82 games each.
The Dallas Stars finished first in regular season play.
They won the Stanley Cup Championship over the Buffalo Sabres with a disputed overtime goal by Brett Hull.
Goaltenders continued to rule the league; only two teams, the Toronto Maple Leafs and the New Jersey Devils, averaged more than three goals scored per game.
In addition, no player reached the 50-goal plateau.
A total of 160 shutouts were recorded for the second-straight regular season.
Postseason
Martin St. Louis, Calgary Flames
Jean-Pierre Dumont, Chicago Blackhawks
Chris Drury, Colorado Avalanche
Milan Hejduk, Colorado Avalanche
Tom Poti, Edmonton Oilers
Dan Boyle, Florida Panthers
Jason Blake, Los Angeles Kings
David Legwand, Nashville Predators
Karlis Skrastins, Nashville Predators
Kimmo Timonen, Nashville Predators
John Madden, New Jersey Devils
Eric Brewer, New York Islanders
Sami Salo, Ottawa Senators
Vincent Lecavalier, Tampa Bay Lightning
Tomas Kaberle, Toronto Maple Leafs
Dale Hunter, Colorado Avalanche
Wayne Gretzky, New York Rangers
Ron Hextall, Philadelphia Flyers
Bagh District () is one of the eight districts of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan.
The district, which had been part of Poonch District, was created in 1988.
The district is bordered by Muzaffarabad District to the north, by Punjab in the east.
It also borders the divided district of Poonch, to the south is the Poonch District of Azad Kashmir and to the east is the Poonch District of India's Jammu and Kashmir state.
The total area of the district is 1,368 square kilometers.
Bagh District is linked to Muzaffarabad by two roads, one via Sudhan Gali (80 km) and the other through Kohala (97 km).
It is 46 km from Rawalakot.
The district is well known for its confectionery and bakery products.
Bagh Tehsil
Dheerkot Tehsil
Hari Ghel Tehseel
Districts of Azad Kashmir
Bhimber () is the southernmost of the eight districts of Azad Kashmir, the district is between Latitude: 32-48 to 33-34 and Longitude: 73.55 to 74-45, and has an area of 1516 km².
The chief town is Bhimber
The area is very rich in archaeological remains because of its location.
The Mughal Emperors used to travel through the area quite a lot to visit the Kashmir Valley.
Until 1995 Bhimber was a sub-division (tehsil) of Mirpur District.
In 1996 the tehsil of Bhimber was removed from Mirpur and made into a separate district.
The district is bounded by Mirpur District to the northwest (and is 50 km from Mirpur city), and Punjab province in the west and south.
It also shares borders with Indian Kashmir to the east.
Barnala Tehsil
Bhimber Tehsil
Samahni Tehsil
According to the 1998 census, 297,000 people lived there.
According to a 1999 estimate, it was 303,000.
Latest figures show that 350,000 people live there.
The Jaats are the biggest tribe in the region.
The main language is Mirpuri.
Kotli () is one of the eight districts of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan.
Kotli is the capital city of the district.
Kotli used to be a small town between Mirpur and Muzaffarabad, but has recently grown in size.
There are two theories about the origin of the name "Kotli".
One is that in ancient times Prince Raja Shahswar Khan built a small house here and called it "Kot", which became "Kotli".
Another theory is that the name is derived from the Sanskrit word Kotli which means to reside or to live in.
At one time the area was inhabited by the Mangran and Solhan peoples, and was called Kotli Solwhan.
The district of Kotli used to be a sub-division of Mirpur District until 1975.
Before 1947, it was a part of the Jammu area.
The district is bounded by the Indian part of Kashmir in the east, and by Mirpur District in the south and Rawalakot to its north.
The district is divided into three tehsils (sub-divisions)
Kotli Tehsil
Khuiratta Tehsil
Fatehpur Tehsil
Nakyal Tehsil
Sehnsa Tehsil
The district covers a total area of 1862 square kilometres.
Kotli is now the largest city by population (656,000).
Mirpur District () is a district in Pakistan's Azad Kashmir Liberated Territory.
The district is named after the main city - Mirpur.
The District of Mirpur comprises mostly plain and some hilly areas.
Its hot and dry climate and other geographical conditions closely resemble those of Jhelum and Gujrat, the adjoining Districts of Pakistan.
Mirpur District is now located in the south west of the Kashmir region.
Azad Jammu & Kashmir is administered by Pakistan from Islamabad.
Azad Kashmir has been considered politically, constitutionally and geographically as part of a separate state, i.e. Jammu and Kashmir.
This state is a disputed territory and has been controlled by both Pakistan and India, since their independence, 14 / 15th August 1947, respectively.
Azad Kashmir is under the indirect control of Pakistan, however its defence, foreign policy and currency are under the direct control of Pakistan.
Consequently, fiscal issues, i.e. budget and tax affairs have been dealt with by the 'Azad Jammu & Kashmir Council', instead of the Central Board of Revenue.
Azad Jammu & Kashmir Council is a supreme body, consisting of 11 members - 6 of these members are from the Government of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, and 5 members are from the Government of Pakistan.
Also its chairman / chief executive is always the President of Pakistan.
Hence, the rest of members are Azad Kashmir's own Prime Minister and President and some ministers, (also note that Azad Kashmir has its own president, prime minister and legislative assembly also supreme-court and high-court & other departments).
The Central Board of Revenue (CBR) is responsible for tax affairs of rest of all Pakistani territory, i.e. all four provinces and the capital, Islamabad.
People from this former Punjab region now known as Azad Kashmir are ethnic Pahari who have historically looked abroad for employment.
Many a ship employed Mirpuri boiler men in the age of steam.
During the two world wars many Mirpuris enlisted in the merchant navy and armed services.
During the last four decades a large number of people from this district have gone abroad, especially to United Kingdom for earning their livelihood.
The Mangla Dam project in the early sixties resulted in the displacement of a large number of people, who under an agreement between the Pakistan government and the British government, were allowed to settle in the UK, where they are usually known as Mirpuri and play a role in the British society, economy, and politics.
As such, they are today the major foreign exchange earning resource for Pakistan.
Around 50,000 people were moved from this district in the mid-sixties to make way for the construction of Mangla Dam, but corrupt handling of funds meant long drawn out delays in completing the project.
Most of these people settled in new Mirpur whilst some moved elsewhere in Pakistan or to the UK.
Tehsils of Mirpur
Dudial Tehsil
Mirpur (central-city) tehsil
Notable places
Baghsar - a famous lake.
Bandala valley
Khari Sharif - located 8 km from Mirpur, it is famous for its Sufi shrine.
Mangla is a town 16 km from Mirpur, it is situated at the mouth of the Mangla Dam for which it is famous.
Rajoa
The Samahni valley.
Harchial is a small village in Mirpur Tehsil.
In 1998 there were 533 people living in the village.
Castes in Mirpur
Mirpur became part of Kashmir in 1846 as part of the treaty of Amritsar between the British and the Maharaja Gulab Singh.
Before the treaty Mirpur was part of the Punjab.
Although they are citizens of Kashmir the peoples of Mirpur are ethnic Pahari's in much the same way as Attock has a large Pashtun population even though it only became part of the Punjab in 1970 when Ayub Khan removed it from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
The caste system in Mipur is very strong despite the most of people living in UK.
The famous castes in Mirpur are:
Jatt- Jatts are playing acitive role in Politics of Mirpur.
Rajputs- They are the largest caste and play active role in politics and bureaucracy.
They mostly live in Main City and Khari Sharif region.
The famous sub-clans of rajputs are Chibs, Punwar Sohlan, Minhas, etc.
Gujjars- Last of the three main castes, Though Gujjars in Mirpur are in Minority compared to Jatt and Rajputs they are very much united and active economically and politically.
Make up the bulk of the Mirpuri's who live in the UK.
Sadat- They are very active people.
Though they are not big in numbers but occupy important positions in all sectors.
Mughals- Mughals are not involved in active politics but they are very active in education sector.
Arain- They are less in numbers but they mostly rich people and have tendency towards business.
Muzafarabad district () of Pakistan is on the banks of the Jhelum and the Neelum rivers.
The district is bounded to Pakistan in the west and to Kupwara and Baramulla districts of Indian Kashmir in the east and Neelum District fall on the northeast of the district.
Total area of the district is 6117 square kilometres.
The total population of the district according to the 1998 census was 725,000 and according to 1999 projection its population stands at 741,000.
The district is administratively subdivided into three tehsils and fifty one Union Councils.
Muzaffarabad city in the district serves as capital of Azad Jammu and Kashmir.
Tithwal Tehsil
Muzaffarabad Tehsil
Hattian Tehsil
Poonch () District is a district of Kashmir that is divided between Jammu and Kashmir and Pakistan's Azad Kashmir.
The Pakistani part of Poonch District is part of its Azad Kashmir territory, whilst Indian Poonch is part of its Jammu and Kashmir.
Districts of Jammu and Kashmir
Sudhnoti was the main site from where struggle against dogras and British imperialists was made.
It remained the capital of Azad Kashmir and Jammu before it was shifted to Muzafferabad.
It was named Sudhnoti in 2000 as a new district of Azad Kashmir and Jammu in the honour of the Sudhen tribe.
Balouch Tehsil
Trarkhal Tehsil
Mang Tehsil
Aziz Khan (general)
Kiran Imran Dar,Politician and MNA of PMLN
Tehsils of Baramullah
Tanghmarg Tehsil
Rohama Tehsil (Rafiabad)
Uri Tehsil
Tehsils of Budgam
Budgam district comprise of 9 tehsils namely Beerwah Tehsil, Budgam Tehsil, Chadoora Tehsil, Khansahib Tehsil Charisharif Tehsil, Khag Tehsil, Magam Tehsil, Narbal Tehsil and BK Pora Tehsil.
Doda () is a district of Jammu and Kashmir.
It is the third largest district in Jammu and Kashmir after Leh and Kargil.
Tehsils of Doda
Banihal Tehsil
Doda Tehsil
Gandoh Tehsil
Thathri Tehsil
Chinta Valley
Tehsils of Jammu
Akhnoor Tehsil
R S Pura Tehsil
Jammu City
Kargil is a district in the Indian union territory of Ladakh.
Kargil lies near the Line of Control and is surrounded by the Pakistan-administered region of Gilgit–Baltistan to the north, the Kashmir Valley and Jammu divisions to the west, Leh district to the east and Himachal Pradesh to the south.
Kargil is divided into 9 blocks which are, Kargil, Drass, Sankoo, Taisuru, Shargole, Shakar-Chiktan, Zanskar, GM Pore/Trespone and Lungnak.
It has three Tehsils, namely Kargil, Zanskar and Sankoo.
Zanskar and Drass are also sub divisions, and are headed administratively by a Sub Divisional Magistrate.
The name Kargil is said to derive from the Balti-Tibetan words Khar and Rkil.
Khar means "Castle" and rkil means "Centre" - thus a place between castles (as the place lay between many kingdoms).
The ancient name of Kargil was Purig.
With a population of 140,000 Kargil is the only Muslim majority district in Ladakh.
Of total population, 85% are Muslim, of which 73% follow Shia Islam.
Most of the district's Muslims are found in Kargil town, Drass, Wakha and the lower Suru valley.
The remainder 14% are followers of Tibetan Buddhism and Bön, mostly found in Zanskar with small populations in the upper Suru valley (Rangdum) and around Shergol and Mulbekh.
Another 1% of the population follow Hinduism and Sikhism.
Purig and Balti people of Tibetan origin (converting from Buddhism to Islam in the 16th Century) mainly live in  Kargil.
They have mixed with the Dard, Mon and other Aryan people.
The mainly Muslim Dards live in the valley of Drass and speak Shina.
A small number of Buddhist Dard, known as Brokpa, live in the Dha-Hanu region near the Lamayuru monastery.
Some Arghons also live in in Kargil Town.
Of late, immigrants from Kashmir and Hindus Jammu have come to live in in Kargil.
"District Kargil", Official Kargil Site
Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council, Kargil
Kupwara () is a district of India.
It is in Jammu and Kashmir.
Tehsils of Kupwara
Karnah Tehsil
Trehgam Tehsil
Tourist destinations
BANGUS VALLEY
LOLAB VALLEY
RESHWARI
KANDI
Leh is one of the two districts in the Indian union territory of Ladakh, the other being the Kargil District to the west.
It is bounded on the north by Ghanche District (Northern Areas), a small border with Xinjiang, China, via the Karakoram Pass which is part of the district.
Aksai Chin and Tibet is to the east.
Kargil district to the west, and lahul and spiti to the south.
The district headquarters is based in Leh.
It lies between 32 to 36 degree North latitude and 75 to 80 degree East longitude.
As of 2001 the district has a population of 117,637.
The whole of Ladakh was under the administration of Leh district until July 1, 1979, when Kargil district was bifurcated from Leh district.
About 84% of the district population are followers of Tibetan Buddhism, with much of the remainder being followers of Shi'a Islam, and the rest being Sunni and Nurbakhshi Muslims.
Religion has been the source of grievances between Buddhists and Muslims since the late 20th century.
According to the 2001 census Total fertility rate in Leh district is the lowest in all of India at 1.3 per women.
In neighbouring Kargil district, TFR is 3.4 The Total Birth Rate was 10.02 per 1000 people in 1995-2000 period.
The Natural Growth Rate was 0.62% per year implying a Total Death Rate of 3.78 per 1000 people.
The Birth Rate in some remote areas have plummeted to lowest anywhere in the world.
For example in the village Diggar in the Nubra Valley, only 5 children were born during 1998-2002 period for a Total population of 700 people, implying a Total Birth Rate of just 1.79 per 1000 people per year.
The lowest birth rate recorded is for German city of Cottbus in 2005, with 6.20 births per 1000 people.
Nubra Tehsil
Khalsi Tehsil
Leh Tehsil
Kharo Tehsil
Durubk Tehsil
Nyoma Tehsil
Tehsils of Pulwama
Pampore Tehsil
Shopian Tehsil
Rajouri () is a District in Jammu and Kashmir, Kashmir, Pakistan.
Since it borders the Republic of India's side of the Line of Control, it is the site of infiltration and militant activity.
Rajouri is also notable for the presence of many Gujjar and Bakerwal villages, particularly towards the Pir Panjal mountain range.
The District has 7 Tehsils (towns) namely Rajouri Tehsil, Darhal Tehsil, Nowshera Tehsil, Sunderbani Tehsil, Kalakote Tehsil, Budhal Tehsil and Thannamandi Tehsil and 7 Blocks of Rajouri, Manjakote, Darhal, Budhal, Kalakote, Sunderbani and Nowshera.
There is diversity in the religious practices of the residents of these various towns with some being predominantly Hindu and others with Muslim majorities.
The presence of militancy has affected the composition in most Muslim majority regions that are closer to the border.
In overall, per official 1981 estimates, the population as divided by religion is 58% Muslim, 39% Hindu, 2% Sikh and 1% buddhist.
This composition has since likely changed dramatically due to militancy having forced substantial minority communities to the Hindu dominated districts near Jammu.
Rajouri district is famous for its local cheez all over the state along with milk product's , one of the famous dish in rajouri is "makki di roti" ( i.e maize bread) ,most of the people's are farmer's and they do subsistence framing ( edited by sachin sharma lpu ).
Tehsils of Rajouri
Budhal Tehsil
Kalakote Tehsil
Tehsils of India
Srinagar () is at the center of the Valley of Kashmir.
It is the most populous district in the disputed territory of Jammu and Kashmir, India and is home to the summer capital (Srinagar) of Jammu and Kashmir (the capital moves to Jammu city in the winter).
The largest city is Srinagar.
It is also home to the scenic Dal Lake, a popular tourist destination.
Udhampur () is a district in Jammu and Kashmir.
The town of Udhampur is the headquarters of this district.
The 2001 census indicates the population of the district to be just over 700,000.
There are 871 females for every 1000 males in the district.
The overall literacy rate is at 54.16%, with 66.43% for males and 39.89% for females.
Majority of the population of the district practise Hinduism.
Majority are of Dogras in this district.
There are a large number of nomadic Gujjar's and Bakarwal's present in the district as well.
The major languages spoken in the district are Dogri, Urdu, and Kashmiri.
Kahmiri language used by people migrated from Kashmir known as Kashmiri pandits which are in very good number as well.
Tehsils of Udhampur
Chenani Tehsil
Basantgarh Tehsil
Moungri Tehsil
Majalta Tehsil
Ramnagar Tehsil
Latti-Marothi Tehsil
Udhampur Tehsil
Panchari Tehsil
The Invasion was a wrestling storyline in the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) that began after the WWF bought World Championship Wrestling (WCW).
It involved the WCW wrestlers "invading" WWF television to try to "take over" the WWF.
The idea of a match showing the top 2 shows of the Monday Night Wars was considered to be a "dream match" show in the eyes of many fans, because it let fans to see which show would be superior.
The storyline began when Vince McMahon's son, Shane McMahon, said on RAW that he bought WCW.
This led to many appearances of WCW wrestlers during RAW and SmackDown!
after WrestleMania X-Seven.
In June 2001, the storyline got more intense as more WWF storylines ended to make room for the central Invasion storyline.
WCW and Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) merged to make The Alliance and challenged the WWF's control over the wrestling industry.
An Inaugural Brawl took place at the WWF Invasion pay-per-view, where Stone Cold Steve Austin defected and joined the Alliance.
Many inter-promotional matches occurred after the Invasion between The Alliance and the WWF, leading up to the climax of the angle at Survivor Series 2001, when Team WWF (The Rock, Chris Jericho, Big Show, The Undertaker, and Kane) defeated Team Alliance (Stone Cold Steve Austin, Kurt Angle, Rob Van Dam, Booker T, and Shane McMahon) in a Winner-Take-All match.
Monday Night Wars
During the Monday Night Wars, the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) and World Championship Wrestling (WCW), the top 2 North American wrestling shows, competed for ratings.
Through developments such as the nWo and the Montreal Screwjob, fans compared the two promotions, and the Internet wrestling community was full of arguments as to which of the two was the best.
Among other things, however, mismanagement within WCW (such as allowing wrestlers themselves to book matches) eventually led WCW to a downward spiral from which it never recovered.
The Monday Night Wars came to an end on March 23 2001, when the WWF bought WCW for what was considered to be a bargain price.
The final night of the Monday Night Wars occurred on March 26 2001: RAW primarily focused on the major storylines heading into WrestleMania X-Seven, while Nitro held their final episode with a Night Of Champions.
Vince McMahon opened up Nitro and announced a simulcast later that night to address the future of WCW.
Throughout RAW, McMahon publicly named several WCW wrestlers who would not be retained.
After Sting defeated Ric Flair in WCW's final match, the simulcast began.
McMahon talked about the buyout of WCW and toyed with the idea of making WCW into a huge media conglomerate, much like the WWF.
He asked the crowd who he should keep under his belt by mentioning names of WCW wrestlers and asking for a reaction.
Lex Luger received a negative reaction from fans, and Hulk Hogan, Buff Bagwell, Booker T, Scott Steiner, Sting, and Goldberg received positive reactions.
Vince then proceeded to fire them all, however, to the cheers of the RAW crowd and the jeers of the Nitro crowd.
McMahon then announced that he would sign the contract and make the purchase official at WrestleMania.
Shane McMahon, however, appeared on Nitro and announced that he had signed the contract and purchased WCW out from under his father's nose, planting the seed for what was considered a lucrative future storyline opportunity.
The Invasion did not begin immediately afterwards, as the WWF was preparing for WrestleMania X-Seven, the year's largest show, mere days away.
The WWF had effectively doubled the size of its roster through its purchase of WCW, and as a result, there was not enough screen time for everyone.
The original plan was to find a time slot on TNN to continue running WCW as a separate entity.
Polls were even put up on WWF.com and WCW.com to decide the name of the new show.
These plans fell through when no TV station would touch WCW because of its reputation for losing money.
The WWF eventually carried out a brand extension, effectively reviving WCW under its own auspices and running two separate promotions, each with one of the WWF's two existing televised shows, RAW and SmackDown!.
As part of its plans, Lance Storm became the first WCW wrestler to appear on WWF programming, by running in during a match on the May 28 episode of RAW while a match was being held.
At King of the Ring 2001 on June 24, then-WCW wrestler Booker T interfered during the Triple Threat Main Event match for the WWF Championship and almost cost Stone Cold Steve Austin the title.
Also, Austin suffered fractured bones in his hand from the side slam he took from Booker into an announce table.
The next night, a confrontation occurred between WCW owner Shane McMahon and WWF owner Vince McMahon.
While Vince was in the ring, Booker T came from behind to deliver his trademark scissor kick to Vince.
The WWF roster ran to the ring to the aid of Vince, but Booker T and Shane McMahon escaped through the crowd.
This incident marked the official start of the Invasion storyline, to which RAW announcer Jim Ross announced, "The battle lines have been drawn!"
The WWF eventually began to recognize WCW and tested the idea of a brand extension by giving WCW the final twenty minutes of RAW with Scott Hudson and Arn Anderson doing announcing duties in place of Jim Ross and Paul Heyman.
During a match between Buff Bagwell and Booker T for the WCW World Heavyweight Championship, WWF wrestlers Kurt Angle and WWF Champion Stone Cold Steve Austin interfered in revenge by beating Booker T up, with Bagwell joining Angle and Austin by attacking Booker T.  A
Addition of ECW
On the July 9 episode on RAW, Kane was scheduled to go into a handicapped match against Mike Awesome and Lance Storm.
Chris Jericho came out and offered to be Kane's partner, thus turning it into a tag team match.
Near the end of the match, Jericho applied the Walls of Jericho on Lance Storm.
As the move was being applied, however, Rob Van Dam and Tommy Dreamer ran through the audience and into the ring and started to beat on Kane and Jericho.
In response, WWF wrestlers consisting of The Dudley Boyz, Tazz, Justin Credible, Rhyno, and Raven ran to the ring.
After a brief stand-off, the WWF group turned around and attacked Kane and Jericho.
After high-fiving the wrestlers, he announced that ECW has been brought into the Invasion.
Heyman talked about how tired he was sitting beside Jim Ross and discussing WCW vs. WWF, stating that he felt that everyone had forgotten about ECW and announced, "This Invasion just got taken to the extreme."
Later during the night, Shane and Vince McMahon bumped into each other backstage.
Shane told his father that ECW needed to be taken care of and pointed out that there were 10 ECW wrestlers under Heyman's belt.
He suggested that he would take five of his WCW wrestlers and have them team up with five of Vince McMahon's WWF wrestler's later that night to take out ECW.
Vince agreed but insisted that WCW would eventually meet its demise when all was said and done.
At the end of the night, the WCW wrestlers came into the ring, accompanied by Shane McMahon.
The WWF wrestlers then came into the ring and, before ECW entered, the WCW and WWF wrestlers started to brawl.
The WWF wrestlers cleared the ring but then were stormed by the ECW wrestlers and taken out.
After this, WCW's men came into the ring and high-fived the ECW men.
Paul Heyman and Shane McMahon then hugged and started to dismantle the WWF wrestlers.
Vince McMahon, stunned, came out and asked what was going on.
Shane McMahon responded that he was responsible for all the events that just transpired and announced that ECW and WCW merged to form The Alliance.
He then announced that the new owner of ECW was Stephanie McMahon.
WWF InVasion
At InVasion, the Inaugural Brawl took place between Team WCW/ECW and Team WWF.
The WWF consisted of Stone Cold Steve Austin, Kurt Angle, Chris Jericho, Kane, and the Undertaker, who all wrestled against the team of DDP, Booker T, Rhyno, and the Dudley Boys.
Near the end of the match, all of the wrestlers were outside of the ring except Booker T and Angle.
Kurt Angle applied the ankle lock on Booker T, who tapped out, but no referee was there to witness it.
Stone Cold then dragged a referee into the ring, but then kicked Kurt Angle in the face, Stunned him, and placed Booker T on top of Kurt Angle and told the referee to count.
Team WCW/ECW won the match due to Stone Cold's actions.
The WWF gains momentum
Shane McMahon, on the July 26 edition of SmackDown!,
extended an invitation to The Rock, who had not been seen since the RAW following WrestleMania X-Seven, to the Alliance.
Also that night, Kurt Angle challenged Booker T to a WCW World Heavyweight Championship match, which Booker T accepted.
The WWF gained momentum when Angle beat Booker T with an ankle lock, taking the WCW Championship away from the Alliance.
Angle's title run proved to be short-lived, as Booker T won it back on the July 30 episode of RAW.
On that same RAW, The Rock returned for the first time since his  suspension on the April 2 edition of RAW.
Shane and Vince McMahon were in the ring that night, and each tried to convince The Rock to join their respective side.
Shane McMahon took the liberty of reminding The Rock of how Vince screwed him out of the WWF Championship earlier that year at WrestleMania and also in a steel cage match the day after WrestleMania.
Vince McMahon replied that Shane was somewhat accurate in his accusations but ceded that it was wrong for him to back Stone Cold, as he was a rattlesnake that he should have known would eventually bite him.
He promised to The Rock that he had no intention of screwing him if he returned to the WWF but also ceded that he could not promise that he never would; if it was good for business, he said, then he just might do it.
He told The Rock that he was at least being honest with him and pleaded for The Rock to trust himself, stating that his future was with the fans and the WWF.
The Rock, however, Rock Bottomed Vince McMahon and proceeded to shake Shane's hand, but he then proceeded to Rock Bottom him as well.
His return led to a WCW Title match between The Rock and Booker T at SummerSlam 2001, which The Rock won, marking the second time the WCW Championship belt changed sides to the WWF.
At that same pay-per-view, Austin retained his WWF Championship against Angle after Angle won by disqualification.
The following RAW and SmackDown!
showings featured primarily inter-promotional matches between the two companies.
Austin stole Kurt Angle's medals during one of the shows, and on the August 30 edition of SmackDown!,
tied them to a cinder block and threw them in a river.
The following RAW, Debra and Stephanie bought a new truck for Stone Cold, but Angle came up from behind and nailed Austin in the back of the head with a pipe.
He put a cinder block and rope in the truck, put Austin in it, and drove away on the truck.
He threatened to throw Stone Cold into a river if he did not get a title shot.
Austin complied and gave him a shot at the upcoming pay-per-view, Unforgiven.
Angle said, however, that Austin was "still going into the water", but instead simply embarrassed Austin by throwing him into a kiddie pool.
Jericho and The Rock Feud/The Alliance mounts a comeback
There were several inter-promotional matches after Unforgiven.
Furthermore, a crucial plot point formed when, on the October 8 airing of RAW, Jericho and The Rock teamed up against Shane McMahon and Rob Van Dam.
Jericho's face was drenched in blood and, with a steel chair in his hand, accidentally nailed The Rock when he was trying to hit Shane McMahon.
This caused a stir backstage later on in the night when The Rock checked to make sure Jericho, who was being treated by EMTs, was in good condition but stated that Jericho made a big mistake in the match.
Jericho, irritated, countered that everyone makes mistakes, including The Rock.
The Rock responded that everyone should own up to their mistakes but was more concerned with Jericho's condition.
As he went to leave the room, Jericho made a comment to the EMT wondering "what the hell" The Rock wanted for him.
The Rock overheard this, walked back, and asked Jericho to repeat himself.
Jericho did just that, and The Rock countered that his mistake actually cost them the match.
Jericho countered that he maybe should have hit The Rock instead with a chair on purpose and proceeded to taunt The Rock by stating that he should knock the People's Eyebrow off of The Rock's face.
The Rock provoked Jericho to do just that, and a brawl ensued.
On the October 29 edition of RAW, Shane McMahon told his father, Vince McMahon, that a member of the WWF would jump ship to the Alliance that night.
Later that same night, Kurt Angle backstabbed the WWF by hitting Jericho, The Rock, Undertaker, and Kane with steel chairs.
On the November 1 edition of SmackDown!,
Angle, who originally led the WWF wrestlers, explained that he represented what is great about America—he was a winner, and his defection came from his decision to fight along the winning side.
That side included Stone Cold, a man, Kurt Angle claimed, knew how to win.
The end of the Invasion
On the November 5 airing of RAW, Vince McMahon countered Kurt Angle's defection by stating that a member of Team Alliance would defect during a match at the upcoming Survivor Series.
Stone Cold came out to confront Vince about it, and Vince stated that Stone Cold would be the one to defect.
Because of this announcement, many Alliance members began to distrust Stone Cold, looking at him with suspicious eyes, to which Stone Cold denied the charges and called Vince a liar.
Stone Cold went on to interrogate members of Team Alliance, questioning Booker T and sitting Rob Van Dam down in a room with a light shining on him.
All of this led to a "Winner Take All" match at Survivor Series 2001, which pitted Team WWF (The Rock, Chris Jericho, The Undertaker, Kane, and The Big Show) against Team Alliance (Steve Austin, Kurt Angle, Booker T, Rob Van Dam, and Shane McMahon).
The final three men in the match were The Rock and Jericho vs. Austin.
Jericho was eliminated and, to continue the feud between the two men, attacked the Rock, even though Jericho's future was on the line if The Rock lost.
The Rock and Austin continued to battle it out, and the referee was knocked down in the match.
Austin stunned the Rock and pinned him, but there was no referee to count it.
Austin approached the downed referee to try to revive him.
As this was occurring, Angle ran to the ring, picked up the WWF championship belt, and nailed Austin with it, revealing himself to be the defector to which McMahon was referring the entire time.
The Rock followed this with a Rock Bottom and a pin on Austin, to which the referee woke up and counted Austin down to three.
Team WWF prevailed, thus ending the storyline.
After The Alliance was disbanded, the WCW World Heavyweight Championship would be simply renamed the World Championship, and later unified with the WWF Championship to form the WWF Undisputed Championship.
The Undisputed Championship was originally represented with both the original WWF and WCW title belts, as the champion would carry both belts around, until being replaced with a single belt.
At the beginning of the WWE Brand Extension, the champion would appear on both RAW and SmackDown!
until then champion Brock Lesnar took the title to Smackdown.
Eric Bischoff would reward Triple H with the former WCW championship belt, as he was the last person to have it, renaming it the World Heavyweight Championship.
The Undisputed Championship would be renamed the WWE Championship, as having two world titles contradicted the term "undisputed."