the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
Two years later, Vaan, Reks' little brother, sneaks into the royal palace.
When he was sneaking in, there was a banquet going on to celebrate the election of a new Consul, Vayne.
Vaan meets the sky pirates Balthier and Fran in the palace as they were trying to steal the same thing he himself had taken.
When Resistance forces broke into the palace, Vaan and his new friends had to hide in the waterways beneath the palace.
While they were in the sewers, they met the leader of the Resistance, named Amalia.
This led to Vaan, Balthier and Fran getting put into the Nalbina Dungeons.
What became of Amalia is yet unknown.
In the dungeons, Vaan, Balthier and Fran, find Basch.
The Captain deemed a traitor by the people.
They free Basch from the cage he is being held in and they go away from the Nalbina Dungeons to the Barheim Passage far below.
There in the Barheim Passage, they fight creatures that can imitate treasure chests called Mimics, and they battle a Mimic Queen.
After, the wall collapses, and Balthier, Vaan, Fran and Basch go back into the city of Rabanastre, which is the capital of Dalmasca.
There, they learn that Vaan's friend Penelo was kidnapped by a head-hunter who was looking for Balthier.
The kidnapper is named Ba'Gamnan, and he has taken Penelo to Bhujerba, a city in the sky.
Balthier lets Vaan use his airship, which is like an airplane except different in shape, and they fly to Bhujerba to rescue Penelo
When they get to Bhujerba, they go to the Lhusu Mines.
The Lhusu Mines have a lot of magicite, but also have a lot of dangerous monsters.
They go inside with a person who calls himself Lamont, and when they get to the end they see Ba'Gamnan.
He chases them but does not reach them and they manage to get away safely.
Final Fantasy XII official website for Japan
Final Fantasy XII official website for North America
Final Fantasy XII official website for Europe
Final Fantasy XII US - fansite
Shatter Heart - Fansite
Final Fantasy games
Final Fantasy IX is a fantasy role-playing video game for the Playstation.
It was released in 2000 by Square Enix.
Final Fantasy is a fantasy role-playing video game.
It was made by Squaresoft, now called Square Enix.
It was released in 1987.
Final Fantasy 01
1987 video games
Final Fantasy II is a fantasy role-playing video game.
Instead of getting stronger by getting points by killing monsters and using these to gain levels, for each attack you make there is a chance a stat (strength, health, agility...) will be increased.
1988 video games
Final Fantasy III is a fantasy role-playing video game.
Final Fantasy III is notably the first Final Fantasy game to make use of the job feature.
For each battle you win you get points, you can spend these points on job classes, each job class has different commands in its menu during battle.
1990 video games
Final Fantasy IV is a fantasy role-playing video game.
It was made in 1991 by Squaresoft, now called Square Enix.
It was first played on the Super Famicom in Japan, and Super Nintendo in the United States.
It was called Final Fantasy II when it was on the Super Nintendo.
You can also play it on the Sony PlayStation, Wonderswan Color, Game Boy Advance, and Nintendo DS (with 3D graphics).
The most important person in the game is Cecil.
He is a Dark Knight for the Kingdom of Baron.
You help Cecil beat Golbez, an evil person who steals strong crystals from the world.
Many different people help Cecil out during the game.
Final Fantasy IV helped make later Final Fantasy games.
This was the first game to use an Active Time Battle, where players and enemies take turns to fight instead of having all players fight at the same time.
The player makes the character do actions in real time.
This way of playing was also used in later Final Fantasy games.
Final Fantasy IV did quite a lot to impact role-playing video games.
It introduced battles fought using Square-Enix's ATB system and had great graphics for the time.
Final Fantasy V is a medieval fantasy role-playing video game.
It is developed and published by Square (now Square Enix).
It was first made in 1992 as a part of the Final Fantasy series.
The game first appeared only in Japan on Nintendo's Super Famicom.
It has been remade with little differences to Sony's PlayStation and Nintendo's Game Boy Advance.
The original video animation produced in 1994 called Final Fantasy: Legend of the Crystals is a sequel to the game.
It was released on the PlayStation Network on April 6, 2011 in Japan.
The game was released for iPhone and iPad on March 28th, 2013.
A version of the game was created for the Nintendo Game Boy Advance in 2006.
It has many weapons, items, armors and 22 jobs.
Some jobs are secret and can only be unlocked in the GBA version.
The game begins when a wanderer named Bartz investigates a fallen meteor.
He meets several characters.
One tells him about the danger the four Crystals that control the world's elements.
These Crystals act like a seal on Exdeath.
Exdeath is an evil magician.
Bartz and his friends have to keep the Crystals from being used by Exdeath.
Final Fantasy V has been praised for its character customization.
This is possible because of the large Job System.
The first Super Famicom version sold more than two million copies.
The PlayStation version has earned "Greatest Hits" status.
It has sold more than 350,000 copies.
1992 video games
Final Fantasy VI (also known as Final Fantasy III for the US-SNES version)  is a fantasy role-playing video game.
In this game, the story is about a half human, half Esper named Terra who must stop an evil empire led by Emperor Gestahl.
When Final Fantasy VI was released it was highly praised by critics.
Meanwhile, it is seen as one of the landmark games in the role - play genre; ING even ranked it as number on RPG of all time.
It was available for Super Nintendo and Playstation and sold 3.48 million times as stand-alone game worldwide, in addition to 750,000 copies of the Japanese Final Fantasy Collection.
Final Fantasy VIII is a fantasy role-playing video game.
It was released for the PlayStation in 1999 and Windows computers in 2000.
It was made by Square (now Square Enix).
It is the eight title of the Final Fantasy series.
It removed magic point-based spell-casting.
It was the first title to consistently use realistically proportioned characters.
The game became available on PlayStation Network as a PSone Classics title in 2009.
Final Fantasy X is a fantasy role-playing video game made by Square Enix.
It is the 10th game in the Final Fantasy video game series.
The game was released in 2001, and is the first Final Fantasy game that was made for the Sony PlayStation 2 video game console.
Official Final Fantasy X website
Final Fantasy X articles at Wikia
pl:Beyond Final Fantasy
Final Fantasy X-2 is a fantasy role-playing video game released for the PlayStation 2 in 2003.
It was made by Square Enix.
It is a direct sequel to the game Final Fantasy X, the first direct sequel in the Final Fantasy series.
Final Fantasy 10.5
Final Fantasy XI is an online fantasy role-playing video game.
Final Fantasy 11
For use of the ditch as obstacles for horses, see ditch (obstacle)
A ditch is created to channel water and can be described as a small or moderate depression.
A ditch can be used for drainage, to drain water from low-lying areas, alongside roadways or fields, or to channel water from a more distant source for plant irrigation.
A trench can be defined as a long narrow ditch.
In military engineering and fortification, a distinction is made between a ditch and a trench.
A ditch is a barrier, designed to slow down or break up an attacking force, while a trench is a cover, intended to provide protection to the defenders.
In Medieval fortification, a ditch was often constructed in front of a defensive wall.
When filled with water, such a defensive ditch is called a moat.
Today ditches are of no importance as an obstacle for persons, but are still often used as anti-vehicle obstacles.
This gallery of flags of Brazilian states shows the flags of the 26 Brazilian States and the federal district.
pt:Anexo:Lista de bandeiras do Brasil#Estaduais
is a Japanese manga and anime series created by CLAMP.
The story is mostly about the life of Hideki Motosuwa who did not make it into a university, and so is called a 'ronin', a repeat student.
Hideki tries to get into a university by moving from his farm and studying at Seki, a cram school in Tokyo.
He is not used to women, but likes to imagine that he is.
He wants to have a girlfriend and a 'Persocom'.
A Persocom is a kind of robot that looks like a person, but can be used like a computer, phone, and a "partner" in some cases.
One evening when Hideki is walking home from the grocery store, he finds a unique Persocom on a curb.
It is a beautiful young girl with long blonde hair, wrapped in white cloth, lying against a pile of trash bags.
He takes the Persocom home.
Hideki looks all over the Persocom's body for a switch to turn her on, and finds it between her legs.
He turns her on and asks her questions, but all she can say is "chi", so Hideki names her Chi .
The anime has 26 episodes and was broadcast across East Asia and Southeast Asia by the anime television network, Animax.
Episodes 9, 18, and an extra 27th OVA episode are used as "recap" episodes, looking back on the events that happened previously.
The episodes were given different numbers for the DVD release because the original recap episodes were not included as part of the main anime, instead being published together on the final DVD and re-numbered as 8.5, 16.5 and 24.5 making the series only 24 episodes.
The series was supervised by Morio Asaka, and Hisashi Abe was the character designer and the animation director.
The ending to the anime series is different from the manga.
One thing that is different is that there is no allusion to Hideki never having Chi because of where her switch is, and the new part of Freya taking over Chi's body and asking her mother Chitose to shut them down, saying the Chobits series is a failure, and the activation of the program after all, although the effect on Persocons is not the same as in the manga.
Brossard is a city near Montreal in the Canadian province of Quebec.
Brossard is also near the Saint Lawrence River.
About 70,000 people live in the city of Brossard.
Paul Leduc is the mayor of Brossard since 2009.
Brossard was created on February 14, 1958.
Brossard has a lot of people from different places.
For example, there are lots of Chinese people who live in Brossard, more so than in any other city in Quebec.
Cities and towns in Quebec
Master of Puppets is Metallica's third album.
It was released by Elektra Records on February 21 1986.
The album has 8 songs, which many feel made a permanent impact on heavy metal music.
Several of its songs are still played on the radio.
It is the last album to feature bassist Cliff Burton, who died in a bus accident on September 27, 1986 while touring in Sweden to promote the album.
It is one of the best selling heavy metal albums.
Don Brautigam - Illustrations
Cliff Burton - Bass, Vocals (background), Lead Bass on "Orion"
Rob Ellis - Photography
Ross Halfin - Photography
Kirk Hammett - Lead Guitar
James Hetfield - Guitars, Arranger, Vocals
George Marino - Remastering
Metallica - Producer, Cover Art Concept
Flemming Rasmussen - Producer, Engineer
Lars Ulrich - Arranger, Drums
Michael Wagener - Mixing
Heavy metal albums
Anton Bruckner (born Ansfelden, Austria, 4 September 1824; died Vienna, 11 October 1896) was an Austrian composer.
He is especially famous for his nine symphonies.
They are all very long and are written in a late Romantic style for a large orchestra.
He was also an organist and teacher.
Bruckner’s father was an organist and schoolmaster in a small village in Austria.
By the age of four Bruckner was showing musical talent.
He played hymn tunes on a tiny violin and then found the chords to go with them on the family spinet.
When he was ten he sometimes played the village organ for services.
After his father’s death in 1837 he became a choirboy at the monastery school of St Florian where, in 1848, he became the organist of the abbey church.
He started composing at this time and wrote a Requiem in d minor.
He liked the music of Schubert and Mendelssohn and they influenced the way he composed.
Although he was happy at St Florian his friends told him he ought to look for a better job.
They made him apply for the job of organist at the cathedral of Linz which he got easily.
Meanwhile, he was trying to learn more about harmony and took a course with a famous teacher Simon Sechter.
He then took a course in orchestration with the teacher Otto Kitzler.
He became very interested in the music of Romantic composers like Liszt, Berlioz and especially Wagner.
In 1864 he wrote a Mass in d minor for chorus and orchestra which clearly showed Wagner’s influence.
In 1866 he finished the first of his nine symphonies.
He also wrote some very beautiful motets which are among the best music of the 19th century written for the Roman Catholic church.
In 1866 he spent three months in a sanatorium after a nervous collapse.
During his later years he often suffered from depression.
In 1868 he became professor at the Vienna Conservatoire where he taught harmony and counterpoint.
This was an excellent job.
The last 25 years of his life he spent his time teaching and composing his symphonies.
He also travelled and gave organ recitals at Notre Dame in Paris and the Royal Albert Hall and Crystal Palace in London.
His music was very modern for its time and some people, including the famous music critic Eduard Hanslick, did not like it.
Hanslick said that Bruckner composed like Wagner, but although Bruckner had learned from Wagner he did not simply copy him.
Bruckner’s music shows his own strong personality.
Hanslick, who preferred the symphonies of Brahms, did Bruckner a lot of harm by writing bad reviews of his music.
He was Dean of the Music Department at the university in Vienna and did not want Bruckner to be appointed lecturer at the University.
However, Bruckner did get that job in 1875.
He became more and more famous, especially after the great conductor Arthur Nikisch conducted the first performance of his Symphony no 7 in the Leipzig Gewandhaus in 1884.
He was given many honours.
At the time of his death he had not yet finished his Symphony no 9.
He was buried in St Florian.
Bruckner always remained a simple person who dressed and behaved like someone from a small village.
He never felt very self-confident and was always asking other people whether he was good enough for his job.
He never married or had a proper relationship with anyone although he fell in love with several young women.
Music and achievement
Bruckner’s symphonies show a wonderful ability to develop ideas slowly over a long period of time.
Some of the slow movements last about 30 minutes.
His music builds up in stages to big climaxes in a similar way to organ music.
His scherzos (third movements) are tuneful dance movements which often sound like country dances.
His music shows great harmonic and polyphonic skills.
Bruckner often made revisions (changes) to his music.
This often makes a problem for conductors today as they have to decide which version to use.
Many musicians think that often Bruckner’s first versions were the best.
The revisions were often cuts to make a symphony shorter so that orchestras would be more likely to play it, but the cuts spoil the flow of the music.
Nowadays we recognize Bruckner as one of the greatest writers of symphonies as well as a great composer of choral music.
In music a rondo is a piece of music which has one main theme, which is heard several times, and other musical ideas in between each time.
If we give the main theme a label "A" and the other musical ideas "B", "C", "D" etc.
then the form of a rondo can be described as ABACADA.
The sections in between the main "A" section are called "episodes".
Rondos can vary in length, e.g. a rondo might be ABACADAEAFA.
Each episode is normally in a different key from the main key.
Composers from the Baroque period onwards often write movements which are in rondo form.
In the Classical music period the last movement of a symphony or sonata is very often a rondo.
Rondos are normally fast and lively.
They are a good way of finishing a long piece of music with something that is happy.
Rondo form is sometimes combined with sonata form to make something which is called "sonata rondo form".
In sonata rondo form the second tune is treated like the second subject in sonata form where it comes back in the main key the second time.
A military engineer uses his skills in construction to build many different structures for warfare.
These different structures can be made for either offense or defense.
Other jobs include building and taking apart minefields and bridges.
In some cases an engineer may have to destroy something that he has built before.
This may be to stop the enemy soldiers following them across the river for example.
In many armies the military engineers are also called pioneers or sappers.
Perhaps the first people who had a special force of military engineering specialists were the Roman army.
Roman military engineering was very good in its time.
They were able to build a double-wall of fortifications that was thirty miles (50 km) long in total (both walls together) to besiege a city in Gaul, in just six weeks
In music, a melisma is the technique of singing one syllable to a lot of notes.
They are often called vocal runs or simply runs.
Music which uses melismas can be called melismatic.
In Western music melismas are often used in operas or any other music which is written for the singer to show off the voice.
Melismatic music is the opposite of music where each syllable has its own note.
In the "Alleluia Chorus" from Handel's Messiah each syllable of the word "Alleluya" has its own note.
But in other parts of the Messiah there are often melismas, e.g. in "Thus saith the Lord" the word "shake" ("and I will shake the heavens and the earth") is set to a run of 25 fast notes.
This example can also be described as "word painting".
Handel uses the melisma to make it sound like someone shaking something.
A spinet is a small kind of harpsichord.
In Renaissance and Baroque times, and even later, people often had a spinet in their homes.
The advantage of a spinet was that it was cheaper than a harpsichord and it also took up less room.
The spinet is different from a harpsichord because of the angle of the strings which run at an angle to the right.
The whole instrument is a bit like a triangle in shape.
The strings are arranged in pairs and the jacks (the quills which pluck the strings) are also in pairs in the wider gaps, plucking the string next to them.
Harpsichords may have several sounds (in the same way that an organ has several stops making different sounds.
This is not possible on a spinet, which has one sound only.
It is always an 8-foot sound (the notes sound at the normal pitch, never an octave higher).
Spinets were useful for accompanying.
United Artists is a Hollywood movie company.
The original company was created in 1919 by actors by D. W. Griffith, Charlie Chaplin, Mary Pickford, and Douglas Fairbanks.
This group did not want to depend on commercial studios.
In 1967, United Artists was bought by Transamerica Corporation.
In 1981, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and United Artists merged to form MGM/UA Entertainment Co.. In 1985, Turner Broadcasting System announced it would buy MGM/UA.
Then in 1986, MGM split from Turner (while keeping MGM's library of pre-May 1986 films, television and cartoons to make way for Turner Entertainment Co.) and renamed to MGM/UA Communications Co.. In 1990, MGM/UA was bought out by Pathé and renamed to MGM-Pathé Communications.
In 1992, MGM-Pathé was bought by Crédit Lyonnais and reverted to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
In 1997, MGM was sold to Tracinda Corporation.
In 2005, MGM/UA formed the new company MGM Holdings.
The current United Artists formed in November 2006.
It was a partnership between producer/actor Tom Cruise and his production partner, Paula Wagner, and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios Inc. from 2012 to 2015.
It is a fully owned subsidiary of MGM.
In 2015 it was owned by DHX Media until sold back to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, while handling UA's movies from 1952 to 2016.
However, MGM decided to purchase United Artists back from DHX.
They sold UA's stake to Amblin Partners in 2017, with newer movies produced by UA, under a partnership between MGM and Amblin.
United Artists Records
United Artists Records was a record label founded by Max E. Youngstein in 1957.
It was started in order to distribute records of its movie soundtracks.
Later the label began recording music of other types.
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Inc., or MGM, is an American media company.
They mainly make movies and television programs.
On April 8, 2005, the company was bought by a group led by Sony and Comcast along with Texas Instruments and Warner Bros. until emerged from bankruptcy on December 20, 2010, due to Spyglass Entertainment founders, Gary Barber and Roger Birnbaum becoming co-chairs and co-CEOs of the company.
The company is named after three companies which were combined in 1924 to start the MGM movie company.
They were Metro Pictures, Samuel Goldwyn Productions, and Louis B. Mayer Productions.
From the 1920s through World War II, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer was the largest movie studio in Hollywood.
They made more money than any other studio.
At its busiest, MGM made about one movie a week and also made many short movies and cartoons.
By the mid-1930s MGM had 4,000 employees.
It had 23 Sound stages on their 117-acre lot.
In 1939 MGM's assets were worth $144 million USD.
In the 1940s the studio had problems.
Movie theatre attendance was declining and television was starting to draw people away from the movies.
In 1948, the Supreme Court decision United States v. Paramount Pictures, Inc. put an end to movie studios owning their own theatres.
Lowes continued to be the parent company of MGM.
But in 1954 Lowes Theatres was formed to control most of the movie theatres.
In the late 1960s and 1970s, MGM sold off most of their back lot.
They sold MGM's British studios and MGM Records.
MGM/UA Entertainment
In 1981 MGM's major stockholder, Kirk Kerkorian bought United Artists.
In 1983 MGM and United Artists merged as MGM/UA Entertainment.
On August 7, 1985, Turner Broadcasting System announced that they would buy MGM/UA.
Turner saw the value of acquiring pre-May 1986 MGM's film library for his superstation WTBS.
Under the terms of the deal, Turner would immediately sell MGM's United Artists back to Kerkorian.
As a result of the MGM split from Turner, both MGM and UA became merely brands of MGM/UA Communications Co. in late 1986.
MGM/UA Communications
In late 1986 after Turner Broadcasting System split into two companies; Turner Broadcasting System and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
Turner continued to release the pre-May 1986 MGM film and television library on video known as Turner Home Entertainment.
Turner sold the MGM lot for $190 million to Lorimar-Telepictures.
MGM-Pathé Communications
In 1990, Giancarlo Parretti, the owner of The Cannon Group, bought MGM/UA for $1.2 billion.
He then merged Cannon with MGM  and named it MGM-Pathé Communications.
In 1991 there were a number of lawsuits and he defaulted to Crédit Lyonnais, his financial backer.
Parretti also faced securities fraud charges in the United States and Europe.
The company name was changed back to Metro-Goldwin-Mayer Inc. US bankruptcy laws forced Crédit Lyonnais to sell MGM.
It was acquired again by Kerkorian for $1.3 billion.
Notable movies
The Wizard of Oz is one of the most famous movies made by MGM.
It was made in 1939.
The star of the movie was Judy Garland.
MGM has also made other famous movies like 2001: A Space Odyssey, the James Bond movies and the Rocky movies.
1920s establishments in California
The Twelve Apostles, the 12 followers of Jesus given "the Great Commission".
The Seventy Apostles, the 70 sent forth in Luke 10.
They are referred to as Apostles by the Orthodox Church and as Disciples in the Western tradition.
Jesus is referred to as an apostle in Hebrews 3:1
Apostle (Latter Day Saints), a position within the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints
Muḥammad, as "رسول الله" "Rasūlullāh" (Muḥammad's primary title and a part of the Shahādah) can be translated as "The Apostle of God"
The Apostle, a 1997 movie directed by and starring Robert Duvall
El Apóstol, the world's oldest animated feature movie, 1917, Argentina
The Apostles (band), a punk rock group from the 1980s
The Apostles (Elgar), a 1903 choral work by Edward Elgar
Apostle (production company), a television production company founded in 1994 by Jim Serpico and Denis Leary
12 Apostles (record label), a record label
The Apostles (Greatest Heroes and Legends of the Bible), an installment of the Christian direct-to-video animated movie series, Greatest Heroes and Legends of the Bible
Cambridge Apostles, a secret society at the University of Cambridge
Apostle Plant, the genus Neomarica of plants believed to only flower after growing 12 leaves
Twelve Apostles (Irish counter-intelligence organisation), an Irish Republican Army unit created by Michael Collins
The European/South American Cup, commonly called the Intercontinental Cup or Toyota Cup, was a football competition by UEFA and CONMEBOL.
The competition was between the winners of the European Champions League and the South American Copa Libertadores in a match played each year.
The Cup was called the World Club Championship until the first FIFA Club World Cup was held in 2000.
It was played by representatives clubs of most developed continents in the football world.
From 2005, the Intercontinental Cup was replaced by the FIFA Club World Cup.
The FIFA Club World Cup also includes North American, Asian, African and Oceanian winners.
In 2017 FIFA officially recognized all of them as club world champions (de jure) with the same status to the FIFA Club World Cup winners or official world champions FIFA.
The football experts agree that the intercontinental cup is the most fascinating football competition ever existed thanks to the great balance in the field given by the lower economic gap of the time and rules on foreign players who gradually favored the European teams and weakened the South American teams; also the statistics confirm this.
List Champions
Copa Toyota Libertadores
International Clubs Cup - The Rec.
Soccer Statistics Foundation
http://www.fifa.com/
Football competitions
2000 establishments
Hafizullah Amin (, August 1, 1929 – December 27, 1979) was the second President of Afghanistan.
He was president during the time of the communist Democratic Republic of Afghanistan.
The Soviets got information from their KGB spies that Amin's rule was a threat to the stability of Afghanistan.
They also were not certain about Amin’s loyalty to the Soviet Union.
The Soviets found some information about Amin's trying to become closer to Pakistan and China.
The Soviets also believed that Amin was behind the death of president Nur Muhammad Taraki.
Presidents of Afghanistan
Prime Ministers of Afghanistan
Paraíba is one of the states of Brazil.
It is the easternmost point of the Americas.
João Pessoa is the capital city.
João Pessoa, state capital
Sao de Carnao
The area was found to be perfect for making sugar.
The French, the Dutch and the Portuguese all fought to have the Paraíba region to grow sugarcane in.
The fortress of Santa Catarina, near João Pessoa, was built to protect the city from the Dutch.
In late 1989 a team looking for gemstone and led by Heitor Dimas Barbosa found what some people believe are the best tourmaline crystals ever found.
Copper in the crystals gives the tourmalines a bright turquoise color that had never been seen before in the gems.
The mountains have been searched after this, but no more crystals have been found.
The word nego is Portuguese for "I deny".
It refers to protests in the 1920s in Paraíba against Júlio Prestes becoming the President of Brazil.
State president João Pessoa supported these protests.
João Pessoa joined the alliance to the overthrow of the federal government.
This group caused Getúlio Vargas to become president.
The rebellion lead to João Pessoa being killed.
The official government site of the state of Paraíba says that the red is for the blood of the assassination of João Pessoa.
The black is for the mourning after the assassination.
Mato Grosso do Sul is one of the states of Brazil.
It shares borders with the states of Mato Grosso, Goiás, Minas Gerais, São Paulo and Paraná.
It also borders the countries of Paraguay and Bolivia to the west.
Campo Grande is the capital of the state
Mato Grosso do Sul means "Southern Thick Forest".
The name comes from its northern neighbour state of Mato Grosso.
Mato Grosso do Sul was a part of Mato Grosso until they were split in the 1970s.
Many people wrongly refer to Mato Grosso do Sul as simply "Mato Grosso".
This has caused the government to consider changing its name to "Pantanal", the world's largest wetlands which is in the state.
Mato Grosso do Sul's economy is based mainly on farm products.
Cattle-raising is the most important product of the state.
Other products include sugarcane, wheat, soybeans, manioc, rice and cotton.
Mato Grosso do Sul is divided into 11 regions.
It has 78 municipalities.
Larger cities include:
Campo Grande, the capital of the state.
In 1977 the state was created by dividing the state of Mato Grosso.
It officially became a state two years later on January 1, 1979.
Mato Grosso do Sul's flag was made by Mauro Michael Munhoz.
White is for hope, green is for the state's plantlife, blue is for the sky and the yellow star adds balance, force and serenity.
A swimming pool is a tank or large basin that is filled with water and intended for recreational or competitive swimming or diving.
Pools are also used for other bathing activities, such as playing, wading, water exercising, floating on inner tubes, or cooling off on hot days.
Various methods are used to keep algae, germs, and other bad things out of the pool.
The chemical chlorine kills germs and algae.
Sometimes sea water is also used for this.
The filtration system is also used for this.
Pump and Filter are two main components of a swimming pool filtration system.
Types of pools
Some pools are indoor so they can be used when weather is bad.
Most are outdoor.
There are different types of swimming pools.
The competition pool.
Swimming competitions can be held there.
Competition pools are usually very large, and usually either 25 or 50 m long and their deep end is 2 to 5 m deep.
They have usually 4 to 8 lanes.
A play pool is made for children, and quite shallow, typically no deeper than five feet (1.5m).
Play pools can have a decorative shape.
A freeform pool is built generally to imitate a natural lagoon pool or small oasis.
It will have a natural uneven shape, and will often have features around it like rocks and waterfalls to compliment the naturalistic style.
A geometric pool has even lines and features.
Usually built in a rectangular shape, this pool is considered the “traditional swimming pool” style.
Lap pools are built so that people can swim laps for health and fitness.
They tend to be long and narrow, usually over fifty feet (15m) long.
Diving pools are built deep; most are 3 to 6 m deep with a diving board or a platform, or a jump tower.
The Olympic diving tower has platforms at 1 m, 3 m, 5 m and 10 m height.
Infinity swimming pools (also referred to as infinity edge swimming pools, or negative edge pools) give the illusion that the edge of the pool extends to the horizon.
This gives an optical illusion that the pool “has no edge”, and looks as if the pool goes on to infinity.
The spool: The word "spool" is a combination of the two words spa and pool.
The spool is a smaller pool, more commonly seen as a large spa.
Spools are often around 12 to 14 feet squared.
The perimeter overflow pool: This pool is created by having the pool surface’s water level at the same level as the surround of the pool.
The water of the pool drains into a notched perimeter around the pool.
Daniel Robert "Danny" Elfman (May 29, 1953) is an American composer and singer-songwriter.
He is Jewish (of British Jewish, Polish Jewish and Russian Jewish descent).
He wrote music for many movies and television series.
In 2003, he married actress Bridget Fonda.
They have one child, Oliver Elfman (born January 21, 2005).
Some of his music
Elfmans has written music for dozens of movies, for video games and for me.
Some of his famous works include:
Space Jam 2: A New Legacy
Academy Awards - 4 nominations
Emmy Awards - 3 nominations
Winner: Main Title Theme Music - Desperate Housewives
Golden Globes - 3 nominations
Grammy Awards - 12 nominations
Winner: Best Instrumental Composition: The Simpsons theme from The Simpsons
An overview of Elfman's career
FIFA 07 is a Sony PlayStation 2, Xbox 360, Xbox, GameCube, Game Boy Advance, Nintendo DS, PlayStation Portable and Microsoft Windows game that features world beat music and fun football action.
The object is to score more goals that the opponent.
The game can be played in either English or Spanish, these modes have different announcers.
There is an exhibition mode, a manager mode, a practice mode, and a tournament mode.
Songs in the game
Muse (band) - "Supermassive Black Hole"
Keane - "Nothing in My Way"
The Feeling - "Sewn"
Emerson was born in Boston, Massachusetts in 1803.
His father was a Unitarian minister.
He chose not to follow the beliefs of the Unitarians and instead, created his own world view, Transcendentalism.
He first wrote about this view in an essay called Nature in 1836.
Emerson's father died when he was only eight years old.
He studied at school in Boston and went to Harvard University, one of the most well-rated universities in the country.
How he became an author
Many men were heads of a town church in Emerson’s family history.
His father wanted him to be one, too.
In 1817, at the age of 14, he began his education at Harvard College.
He finished in 1821 and started to teach in a local school.
In 1825, he continued studies at Harvard Divinity School to be a minister.
By 1829, he was the head of a church in Boston.
Then some events happened that made him change the direction of his life.
In 1831, his wife died.
Soon after that, Emerson left America to go on a journey through Europe.
He returned after almost a year, then married again in 1833.
Emerson didn’t want to continue to be the head of a church.
Instead, he began speaking in halls and schools.
He began writing his thoughts in short writings and speeches.
His first essay was “Nature.”
It would become one of his most popular essays.
Then, many scholars know about him after he gave a speech at Harvard Divinity School in 1837.
Emerson became an author instead of a head of a town church by creating his own, instead of following someone else's, plan for his life.
Effects on his writings
Emerson’s days as a child, when he was the son of a head of a town church, shaped his religious views.
He also formed his way of thinking about spiritual topics from his education at Harvard.
These views are present in his philosophy of Transcendentalism, a way of thinking about the connections between man, nature, and the highest being.
Church leaders of Emerson’s time focused on religious topics.
Emerson instead focused on the everyday lives of people.
Even though his father died when he was eight, and his first wife died a few years after marriage, Emerson wrote in a good way about his subjects.
Samuel Taylor Coleridge, an author who lived during the same time as Emerson, also affected him.
His effect on American society
Emerson had several effects on Americans during his time.
The first effect he had was on the value of the individual.
He once wrote, “Let us unfetter ourselves of our historical associations and find a pure standard in the idea of man.”
Up to this time, Americans still looked to England and other European countries for ideas on fashion and ways of thinking.
Emerson’s writings gave impulse to Americans to be free of European ideas on what is right or good.
Along with individualism, Emerson is best known for starting the Transcendentalist movement.
This philosophy made important the ideas of self-discovery and the connections between nature, all persons as a group, and the highest being.
In his later life, Emerson was a close friend of many other important authors and thinkers, including William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, John Stuart Mill, and Thomas Carlyle.
He traveled the world, including France, England, Italy and the Middle East.
Emerson was active in writing and speaking into the 1870s.
However, he started to forget things.
He would only read from detailed notes or scripts.
By 1879, his memory was so bad that he stopped making public appearances and speeches.
He still socialized at private events, but never with the amount of talking that he once did.
Walt Whitman described him at a party in 1881 to be a careful listener but he didn’t join in any conversations.
Within six months, in early 1882, Emerson died of pneumonia in Concord, Massachusetts.
Notable works
Essays, Volumes I & II
The Mountain and The Squirrel
English Traits
Conduct of Life
Disease-related deaths in Massachusetts
A bushranger was a  thief who lived in the Australian bush.
Bushrangers often stole expensive things from banks or coaches.
There were more than 2000 bushrangers during Australia's past.
Most were simply criminals and thieves.
A few bushrangers became famous and were seen as heroes.
They are part of a long history that has men such as Robin Hood and Dick Turpin in England, or Jesse James and Billy the Kid in the US.
The word "bushranger" was first used in Australia in 1805.
It described three men who had stopped a cart near Sydney.
Then, the word was used for criminals who attacked people on the roads or in the bush (the Australian countryside away from towns).
The first bushrangers were escaped convicts.
One of the last bushrangers was Ned Kelly who was captured in 1880.
1788 to 1840s: Criminals who escaped
Criminals who escaped stole things from farms far away and people walking on the roads.
Sometimes they sold the stolen things to other free settlers.
John "Black" Caesar was the first bushranger.
He ran away from Sydney Cove many times before he was shot dead in 1796.
Bold Jack Donahue appeared in newspapers around 1827 for bushranging on the road between Sydney and Windsor.
In the 1830s he was seen as the worst bushranger in the colony.
Leading a gang of escaped criminals, Donahue became an important person in Australian folklore as the Wild Colonial Boy.
Bushranging happened all over Australia, but Van Diemen's Land (later known as Tasmania) produced the most violent and serious bushrangers.
Hundreds of criminals were at large in the bush, farms were given up, and the army was brought in to try and capture the bushrangers.
Indigenous Australian bushranger Musquito led attacks on settlers.
1850s: gold rush era
The bushrangers were busiest during the Gold Rush years of the 1850s and 1860s.
Gold can be easily carried and also it can easily be turned into cash.
The goldfields were in remote places and there were not very many police to guard the gold.
1860s to 1870s
Frank Gardiner, John Gilbert and Ben Hall led the most notorious gangs of the period.
Other active bushrangers included Dan Morgan, based around the Murray River, and Captain Thunderbolt, killed outside Uralla, New South Wales.
1880s to 1900s
Public perception
In the same way that outlaws feature in many movies of the American western genre, bushrangers regularly feature in Australian literature, movie, music and television.
Jack Donahue was the first bushranger to have inspired bush ballads.
Robbery Under Arms,  a novel by Thomas Alexander Browne (writing as Rolf Boldrewood) was published in serial form in the Sydney Mail from 1882 to 1883.
It is an early description of the life and acts of fictional bushrangers.
It has been the basis of several movies and a television series.
Ned Kelly was the subject of the world's first feature-length movie, The Story of the Kelly Gang, released in 1906.
In the 1970 release Ned Kelly, Kelly was played by Mick Jagger of The Rolling Stones.
Kelly has been the subject of many more movies, television series, written fiction and music.
Dan "Mad Dog" Morgan was the subject of a feature movie, Mad Dog Morgan (1976), starring Dennis Hopper.
Ben Hall and his gang were the subject of several Australian folk songs, including "Streets of Forbes".
Famous bushrangers
Some bushrangers became famous as a result of their activities.
Moondyne Joe whose real name was Joseph Bolitho Johns
Captain Moonlight whose real name was Andrew George Scott
Captain Thunderbolt whose real name was Frederick Ward
Michael Howe
Charles Russell known as the "Black Douglas."
The bush is a phrase used to describe land where people do not live, land a long way from cities, or forests.
The word is mainly used in Australia, New Zealand, Africa, Canada, and Alaska.
In Australia, the phrase, the bush, has a special symbolic meaning in Australian life.
When used to describe the land, the bush means a wooded area, but not dense forest.
It is usually dry and nitrogen-poor soil, mostly grassless, with thin to thick woody shrubs and bushes, with some eucalypt trees.
When talking about people, the bush means any unpopulated areas outside of the major metropolitan areas.
This can include mining and farming areas.
It is not unusual to have a mining town in the desert, such as Port Hedland, Western Australia (Pop.
14,000) called the bush in the media.
Geography of Canada
Moondyne Joe (1826 – 1900), real name Joseph Bolitho Johns, is the most famous bushranger from Western Australia.
He became famous, not for his crimes, but for his many escapes from gaol (jail).
Johns was born in Cornwall, England around 1826.
His father Thomas Johns was a blacksmith.
He might have had smallpox in his youth, as later his face is said to be "pockmarked".
After his father died, Johns and his three brothers worked in the copper mines.
In 1841 the family was living at Illogan, Penwith, Cornwall.
By 1848 Johns had moved to Wales, working as an iron ore miner, at the Clydach Iron Works.
On 15 November 1848, Johns and a friend, John Williams, were arrested near Chepstow for  stealing from the house of Richard Price, three loaves of bread, one piece of bacon, several cheeses, and "other goods".
They were charged with burglary and stealing, but they said they did not steal anything.
On 23 March they were tried in court with Sir William Erleas the judge.
Newspaper reports say that the men were very determined to prove their innocence, but Johns was not polite and did not follow the normal court rules.
The men were convicted and sent to gaol for ten years.
Johns must have made the judge angry.
In other cases before the same judge that day, people on the same type of charges were sent to gaol for times between three weeks to three months.
Johns and Williams spent the next seven months working on a government work party in the local area, before being sent to Millbank Prison.
On 1 January 1850, they were sent to Pentonville Prison to serve six months of solitary confinement.
On 21 October 1851, they were sent to Dartmoor Prison.
Johns was sent to the Woolwich prison hulk Justitia, probably for bad behavior.
When the Justitia was destroyed by fire, he was moved  to the Defence.
About a year later, he was put on convict transport ship, the Pyrenees, and sent to the British penal colony of Western Australia.
The Pyrenees sailed for Western Australia on 2 February 1853, and arrived in Fremantle on 30 April.
He was a well behaved prisoner, and as a reward Johns was given a ticket of leave.
On 10 March 1855, he was given a conditional pardon.
He moved to the Avon Valley, which was a remote valley, in the Darling Range.
The Aboriginal name for the area was Moondyne.
Johns put a fence around a  natural water spring in the area, and trapped lost sheep, cattle and horses when they came to drink.
Farmers would pay a reward  to get their animals back.
In August 1861, Johns trapped a horse without a brand (owner's mark).
He put his own brand on it, which was really stealing.
He was soon arrested by the police.
The horse was taken as evidence, and Johns was placed in the Toodyay gaol.
During the night, Johns escaped from his cell, took the horse and the magistrate's new saddle and bridle.
He was caught the next day, but he had killed the horse and cut out the brand to destroy the evidence.
Without the proof he was only sent to gaol for three years for escaping, not the ten years he would have been given for horse stealing.
Johns was a well behaved prisoner, so he was let out early with a ticket of leave in February 1864.
He worked on a farm at Kelmscott.
In January 1865 a bullock was killed and eaten, and the police said that Johns had done it.
He said he had not killed the animal, but in court he was sent to gaol for ten years.
At this time the only things he owned were one pair of trousers, one shirt, one pair of boots, one strap and one old hat.
Johns decided he would not stay in gaol because he had not done anything wrong.
In November he and another prisoner escaped from a work party.
During the next month they robbed a few houses.
Johns began calling himself Moondyne Joe.
They were captured  east of York by the police with help from a black tracker, Tommy Windich.
Black trackers were Indigenous Australian who had very good skills for finding things in the bush.
For escaping, and for having a gun, Moondyne Joe was sent to prison for 12 months.
He had to wear iron chains around his legs.
Escapes from gaol
Moondyne Joe did not think he had been treated properly.
In April 1865, he wrote a letter to the Chief Justice.
The Chief Justice cut his gaol time by four years, but Joe was still not happy.
A few weeks later he tried to cut the lock out of his door.
He was given another six months in leg irons.
In August, he escaped again, cutting off his leg irons.
He met up with three other escaped convicts and together they robbed people in the bush around Perth.
At the end of August, one of the gang was taken prisoner by the police.
Moondyne Joe came up with a plan to get away from Western Australia by going overland to South Australia.
This would be a long and difficult journey through the desert.
On 5 September, Moondyne Joe stole boots, blankets, clothing, guns and ammunition, knives and food from a shop at Toodyay, owned by an old convict, James Everett.
The gang went east, following the track made by the explorer Charles Hunt.
Their tracks were discovered by police on 26 September, about  east of York.
The police set out after them, and they were captured on 29 September, about  north east of Perth.
This is near where the town of Westonia is now.
Back to prison
Moondyne Joe was sent back to jail, and given another five years with hard labor.
To make sure that he could not escape again, he was sent to Fremantle Prison where a special cell was built.
It was made with stone, and lined with very thick pieces of wood.
He was set to work in the prison yard breaking up rocks into small stones.
He was watched all the time by a prison guard.
The Governor of Western Australia, John Hampton, said to Johns: "If you get out again, I'll forgive you".
However, the rocks broken up by Joe were not taken away, and soon a large amount of stones blocked the guard's view of Joe's legs.
Partly hidden behind the stones, he sometimes hit his hammer against the prison wall.
On 7 March, 1867, Moondyne Joe escaped through a hole he had made in the prison wall.
The police searched everywhere, but he could not be found.
He did not rob any more people, and he did not go any place where someone might know who he was.
Many prisoners heard about Moondyne Joe's escape, and tried to escape themselves.
In March 1867, Moondyne Joe tried to steal some wine from the cellars at Houghton Winery.
The owner had been helping the police on another search, and brought the policemen to the winery for a drink.
Joe thought he had been seen, and ran out of the cellar, right into the policemen.
He was sent back to prison and given four more years, as well as having to wear chains around his legs.
He tried to escape, but was quickly captured.
The new Governor, Weld, heard about Hampton's promise, and said the extra punishment was not fair.
Moondyne Joe was given another ticket of leave in April 1871.
Moondyne Joe did not rob anyone else, though he did do some wrong things and was sent back to jail a few more times.