the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
Some nurses train to help people understand health problems like nutrition (what to eat), and disease (what can make people sick).
Nurses can do many different jobs to help people.
Nurses are in demand because there are not enough nurses to handle hospital needs.
Because of this shortage nurses will sometimes travel to another location to work for a few months in what is called travel nursing.
Registered Nurse in some countries like U.S is a term for an officially registered nurse.
In hospitals where nurses wear uniforms with caps, an R.N. is recognizable by the fact that the cap has two black stripes.
Nursing in Australia
Nursing in Australia is done by Registered Nurses or Enrolled Nurses.
Both must complete education past high school.
An Enrolled Nurse must complete a course of study between 12 and 18 months.
Registered Nurses need to complete a Bachelor's degree.
Gender-neutral titles
Titles have changed because men as well as women can be nurses.
It was, in most countries, a wholly female occupation.
The titles were designed for females and have now been revised to be genderless.
The exception to this is midwife, a term still used because it seems natural that a nurse helping a mother through childbirth should be a female.
There are some males acting as midwives.
The supervisory body for UK nursing is the Nursing and Midwifery Council.
Some medical and surgical groups operate as teams.
This means that senior surgeons always operate with the same group of people, so reducing the risk of mistakes, and allowing juniors to learn and understand the individual cases.
Also, moving around as a team allows specialist groups to serve more than one hospital.
This is particularly useful when the amount of work in a speciality does not permit having a full team on site in each hospital.
Online CNA Classes
American Nurses' Association
Canadian Nurses Association
Nursing Documentation & Expressions Project  - aims to build the world's largest public repository of nursing documentation examples.
National Council of State Boards of Nursing (USA)
NMAP The UK’s Gateway to high quality Internet resources for Nurses, Midwives and Allied Professions
Violent Femmes is a rock group.
They formed in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA in 1980.
People from Wisconsin
John Michael '"Ozzy"' Osbourne (born 3 December 1948) is an English heavy metal singer.
Osbourne was born in Marston Green, England.
He grew up in Aston, Birmingham, England.
He was convicted of burglary when he was a teenager, for which he was fined.
He was sent to prison for not paying the fine.
Osbourne was the lead singer for Black Sabbath between 1968 and 1978.
He joined again in 1997 for occasional tours.
He bit the head off of a bat on stage once.
Osbourne wrote a song called 'Suicide Solution' that was heavily ridiculed claiming it was about suicide, which coincided with the words shoot shoot whispered in the song.
It was really a tribute to his friend Bon Scott, lead singer of AC/DC, who died of alcohol poisoning.
He and his wife Sharon have three children together: Aimee Osbourne, Kelly Osbourne and Jack Osbourne.
He also has three children from his first marriage to Thelma Riley: Elliot, Jessica, and Louis.
Osbourne released his first solo album, Blizzard of Ozz in 1980.
The Official Ozzy Osbourne Website
Ozzy Osbourne - Discography
Metal Storm - Ozzy Osbourne - Discography
British burglars
Musicians from Birmingham
Actors from Birmingham
Writers from Birmingham
Dinah Shore (born Frances Rose Shore, March 1, 1916 - February 24, 1994) was an American singer and host of her own talk show.
Television talk show hosts
Bryan Guy Adams  (November 5, 1959) is a Canadian rock musician.
He is known for the songs Summer of '69 and (Everything I Do) I Do It For You.
He has performed with many other musical artists such as Def Leppard, Tina Turner, Sting, Rod Stewart, Bonnie Raitt, Barbra Streisand and Melanie C. His best-selling albums are Reckless, Waking Up the Neighbours and 18 til I Die.
Canadian rock musicians
Musicians from Ontario
Roy Kelton Orbison (April 23, 1936 - December 6, 1988) was an American singer.
In 1987, he was named into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
Orbison was popular in the 1960s.
He became less popular in the 1970s, but began to make a career comeback in the 1980s.
However, as he was becoming more popular again, he died of a heart attack at the age of 53 in Henderson, Tennessee.
"Pretty Paper" (1963)
Lonely and Blue (1960)
King of Hearts (1992)
1988 deaths
Taylor Dayne (born as Leslie Wunderman on March 7, 1962) is an American singer.
She is best known for her song, "Tell it to my heart".
Stephen Arthur Stills (born January 3, 1945) is an American singer and songwriter.
He is most famous as a member of the groups Buffalo Springfield and Crosby, Stills & Nash.
In 2003, Rolling Stone listed him at #28 on a list of the "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time".
Singer-songwriters from Texas
Singers from Dallas, Texas
Writers from Dallas, Texas
SpongeBob SquarePants is an American animated comedy TV show made by the late marine biologist and animator Stephen Hillenburg.
It premiered on May 1, 1999.
It is Nickelodeon's most popular show.
It has been made into many pieces of merchandise.
The main character, SpongeBob is an adult sea sponge that acts like a child.
He lives in a pineapple under the sea.
The show has gotten three spin-offs: Kamp Koral: SpongeBob's Under Years, The Patrick Star Show, and one with Squidward Tentacles.
The show gets its name from its main character, SpongeBob SquarePants, a male sponge.
He looks more like a yellow kitchen sponge used for cleaning dishes than a sea sponge.
His best friend is a starfish named Patrick Star.
His grumpy neighbor is an octopus named Squidward Tentacles.
SpongeBob and Squidward work as employees at a restaurant called the Krusty Krab in the underwater town of Bikini Bottom.
The Krusty Krab, which is run by a greedy red crab named Mr. Krabs, is famous for its blue Krabby Patty burgers.
The recipe for blue Krabby Patties is top secret.
The owners of a competing restaurant called the Chum Bucket, Plankton and Karen, often try to steal the recipe.
SpongeBob SquarePants is the main character and a sea sponge that lives in a pineapple under the sea.
He is a fry cook in the Krusty Krab.
He is very cheerful and sometimes annoys his selfish neighbor, Squidward.
His favorite things to do are jellyfishing (catching jellyfish with a net) and blowing bubbles.
Patrick Star is a starfish and SpongeBob's best friend who lives under a rock.
Patrick is goofy, but is a fun-loving character and eats a lot.
He is unemployed, but has worked at several places before.
Squidward Tentacles is an octopus and SpongeBob's next-door neighbor.
He plays the clarinet and is not good at it, even though he thinks so.
He works at the Krusty Krab as the cashier.
He says does not like SpongeBob, but SpongeBob thinks they are friends.
Squidward is not friendly and thinks that he is better than almost everyone.
He is voiced by Rodger Bumpass.
Mr. Krabs is a red crab who is the owner of the Krusty Krab restaurant and SpongeBob and Squidward's boss.
He is a single father with one daughter, a whale named Pearl.
He and Pearl live in a big anchor.
He is very greedy and loves money.
He never wants to spend a lot of his money, and sometimes cheats to make more of it.
He is voiced by Clancy Brown.
Sheldon J. Plankton is a blue copepod.
He is an evil genius and Mr. Krabs' rival.
His goal is to steal the secret recipe for Krabby Patties.
He runs a restaurant called the Chum Bucket with the help of his talking computer wife named Karen.
The Chum Bucket is very unpopular and they never get customers.
He is always trying to steal the secret Krabby Patty Formula.
He is voiced by Mr. Lawrence.
Karen Plankton is Plankton's sentient computer.
Sandy Cheeks is a brown squirrel from the U.S. state of Texas.
She lives in a glass house called a Treedome that lets her breathe under water.
When she is out of the dome, she wears a space suit and a fishbowl-like glass helmet around her head filled with fresh air.
She is very athletic and works as a scientist.
She likes to do karate.
She is voiced by Carolyn Lawrence.
Mrs. Puff is a pufferfish who is SpongeBob's teacher at the underwater driving school, Mrs. Puff's Boating School and the Bikini Bottom driving instructor.
She is old, patient, and easily scared.
She wears a blue collared shirt, a yellow string tie, a red skirt, black shoes, and a blue sailor's cap.
SpongeBob really wants to pass Mrs. Puff's class, but he always fails his driving test.
She is voiced by Mary Jo Catlett.
Pearl Krabs is a big gray Sperm whale with blonde hair who is the daughter of Mr. Krabs.
She is sixteen years old and has a job at the Bikini Bottom Mall.
When she grows up, her dad will give his restaurant and his money to her.
She usually wears a pink shirt with a dark pink letter P on the front, a purple skirt, and white boots.
She is voiced by Lori Alan.
Gary the Snail is SpongeBob's pet sea snail.
Danish Voice Cast
Jens Jacob Tychsen – Svampebob Firkant
Søren Ulrichs – Patrick Søstjerne
Peter Zhelder – Blækvard Tentakkel
Nis Bank-Mikkelsen – Eugene Krabbe
Annette Heick – Sandy Egern
Torben Sekov – Plankton
Vibeke Dueholm – Mrs. Puff/Karen
Lars Thiesgaard
Peter Røschke
Mads M. Nielsen
Michael Elo
Esper Hagen
Main places
The show takes place in a fictional city called Bikini Bottom, which is in the floor of the Pacific Ocean beneath Bikini Atoll.
The citizens are mostly fish who lives in ship funnels and boatmobiles.
SpongeBob's pineapple house is SpongeBob's home.
It has many big rooms even though on the outside it looks just like a small pineapple.
It has a large library with many books.
The Krusty Krab is a restaurant in the city of Bikini Bottom.
It is run by a crab, Eugene H. Krabs.
SpongeBob SquarePants works there as a fry cook, and Squidward Q. Tentacles works as the cashier.
The fast food items that are sold include the popular blue Krabby Patty (which is similar to a blue burger), fries, and drinks.
The Chum Bucket is a restaurant across the street from the Krusty Krab.
It is owned by Sheldon J. Plankton and Karen Plankton, but it is very unpopular because the food is very bad.
Plankton and Karen are always trying to steal the secret recipe for the blue Krabby Patty, which only Mr. Krabs and SpongeBob know.
Mrs. Puff's Boating School is the driving school where SpongeBob often goes to try to get his driver's license.
SpongeBob is normally not good at driving and can never get his license without help from a friend.
Whenever he gets his license, he soon loses it.
Patrick's boulder is Patrick's home where Patrick lives and sleeps in.
In some episodes, Patrick falls out of his boulder.
Squidward's house, an Easter Island head owned by Squidward.
In his house, Squidward practices his clarinet and paints pictures.
Mr. Krabs and Pearl's anchor house, a hollow anchor with lots of paintings on the walls.
Mr. Krabs and Pearl live inside of it.
Sandy's Treedome is where Sandy cheeks live, she needs a helmet to breathe underwater.
However, in her treedome she does not.
All sea creatures need a helmet in her treedome to breathe.
Goo Lagoon is a popular beach.
Even though the beach is under water, the water in the beach is called "goo."
In some episodes it is just a lake but in some it is an entire ocean.
Patchy's House is the residence of Patchy the Pirate and Potty the Parrot.
It is located at 6248 Agnes Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 91606.
It first appears in the episode "Christmas Who?".
It is in Encino, California.
Ratings and run-length achievements
Within its first month on air, SpongeBob SquarePants overtook Pokémon as the highest rated Saturday-morning children's series on television.
It held an average national Nielsen rating of 4.9 among children aged two through eleven, denoting 1.9 million viewers.
Two years later, the series had firmly established itself as Nickelodeon's second highest-rated children's program, after Rugrats.
SpongeBob SquarePants was credited with helping Nickelodeon take the "Saturday-morning ratings crown" for the fourth straight season in 2001.
The series had gained a significant adult audience by that point—nearly 40 percent of its 2.2 million viewers were aged 18 to 34.
In response to its weekend success, Nickelodeon gave SpongeBob SquarePants time slots at 6:00 PM and 8:00 PM, Monday through Thursday, to increase the series' exposure.
By the end of 2001, SpongeBob SquarePants boasted the highest ratings for any children's series, on all of television.
Weekly viewership of the series had reached around fifteen million, at least five million of whom were adults.
In 2009, several groups, including the American Family Foundation, attacked SpongeBob for being homosexual.
The character had recently appeared on a music video with other kids' show characters to promote diversity and tolerance.
However, the creator said in 2002 that SpongeBob is asexual, meaning that he does not seek sexual partners at all.
Decreasing quality
Many fans and critics believe that after season 11 and the first movie, the series started to decline in quality.
This was because many writers from the first three seasons seasons left (although Doug Lawrence, Aaron Springer, Erik Wiese and C.H. Greenblatt still stayed).
Some of the later episodes were poorly received because the characters did not act the way they acted in the first three seasons.
However, apparently, the show's quality improved once more after the second movie, when Stephen Hillenburg returned, until his death in 2018.
1990s American animated television series
American children's television series
1999 television series debuts
Paul & Paula (Ray Hildebrand, born December 21, 1940, and Jill Jackson, born May 20, 1942) are a pop/rock singing duo.
They charted three Billboard Top 40 singles in 1963.
Musical groups from Texas
Seafood is food made from fish or other sea animals (such as shrimp and lobsters).
The harvesting (collecting) of seafood is called fishing.
Peer review is a process used when publishing documents where the work is reviewed by the author's peer group (someone in their field).
It is a way of checking and reviewing a person's work.
It is often used by scientists, scholars, medical professionals, engineers, and in some aspects of government.
For example, scientists report new discoveries through a peer review process.
This means that they ask other knowledgeable scientists (peers) to review their report, and check for any problems.
The problems must be fixed before the report is released to other scientists.
This process helps to maintain the trustworthiness of scientific discoveries.
arXiv - This is a website that stores scientific papers before peer review approval
Puerto Rico, or the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, is a U.S. territory in the Caribbean Sea.
This means that it is part of the United States and citizens of Puerto Rico are citizens of the United States as well.
Puerto Rico is not an independent country, but there has been a movement for independence for almost two centuries.
There have been protests, votes, and armed attacks for independence.
Puerto Rico has almost 4 million (4,000,000) people.
Its political system is based on a republican system.
It has two official languages: Spanish and English.
The currency used is the United States dollar.
Puerto Rico means "rich port" in Spanish.
The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico includes the largest, main island and a number of smaller islands, including Mona, Vieques, and Culebra.
Of those three smaller islands, only Culebra and Vieques are populated all year.
Mona is unpopulated, but employees of the Puerto Rico Department of Natural Resources sometimes visit the island to inspect it and its wildlife.
People can visit the island for hiking and camping by getting the permission needed.
San Juan, on the northern side of the main island, is the island's largest city and the capital of the territory.
The common languages are Spanish spoken by 94.7% of the population and English, spoken by 5.3%.
On May 3, 2017, Puerto Rico filed for bankruptcy after a massive debt and weak economy.
It is the largest bankruptcy case in American history.
Status with respect to the USA
Puerto Rico is one of the unincorporated territories of the USA.
Because it is not a state, citizens cannot vote in U.S. national elections unless they have an address in one of the 50 US states.
These are organized, self-governing territories with locally elected governors and legislatures.
Puerto Rico elects a  Resident Commissioner to the U.S. House of Representatives.
The history of Puerto Rico began when the Ortoiroid people started living in the island between 3000 and 2000 BC.
Other tribes, for example the Saladoid and Arawak Indians, lived in the island between 430 BC and 1000 AD.
When Christopher Columbus arrived at the island in 1492 and named it San Juan Bautista, the people living there were the Taínos.
Since it is in the northeastern Caribbean Sea, Puerto Rico formed an important part of the Spanish Empire from the early years of the exploration, conquest, and colonization of the New World.
The Spanish spread race-based slavery across the island.
In the 19th century, slave revolts and the abolitionist movement brought an end to legal slavery.
The island was a major military post during many wars between Spain and other European countries for control of the region in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries.
In 1898, during the Spanish-American war, Puerto Rico was invaded and became a possession of the United States.
During the 20th century, Puerto Rico's political status changed from time to time.
The Foraker Act of 1900 created a civil government to replace the military government made after the Spanish–American war, and the Jones Act of 1917 gave Puerto Rican people United States citizenship.
Afterwards, in 1952, the drafting of Puerto Rico's own Constitution and democratic elections were established.
The political status of Puerto Rico, a Commonwealth controlled by the United States, is still not completely defined.
Many people want to resolve this status, while others want the status to remain the same.
Of the people who want to change the status, some want Puerto Rico to become a new U.S. state, while others want Puerto Rico to become a fully independent country.
Puerto Rico is an archipelago, with a main island where most of the population lives, two smaller islands (Vieques and Culebra) with residents, and many other smaller islands.
The main island has a mountain range in the center, which covers most of the island.
The highest point is 4,390 feet (1,338 meters)
The issue of the political status of the island (meaning whether it's a country, a U.S state, or a colony) is an issue of debate amongst the Puerto Rican people.
In the past there have been many attempts to clearly define the island's political status by means of voting.
Most of the time the majority of the people have chosen to remain a colony.
However, in the last "status voting" the colonial option appeared to have lost well over 90% of its support, while the U.S state option has only gained strength in the last few decades.
The Puerto Rican Independence party, on the other hand, has mainly lost a great deal of support within the last six decades.
Puerto Rico is said to comprise a White majority, an extinct Amerindian population, persons of mixed ancestry, Africans and a small Asian minority.
Recent genetic research, however, contradicts that information.
According to the 2010 US Census, 99% of the population consider themselves of Puerto Rican descent (regardless of race or skin color), making Puerto Rico one of the most culturally unified societies in the world.
The population of Puerto Rico is nearly about 4 million people.
The ethnic composition of the population is:
70% White
20% Mulatto
10% Black
Puerto Rico has a strong literary tradition.
The most important playwrights are René Marqués (author of "The Oxcart") and Lin Manuel Miranda (creator of the Broadway musical "Hamilton").
The most famous poets are Julia de Burgos ("Yo fui mi ruta") and Giannina Braschi (author  the poetry epic "Empire of Dreams").
Celebrated Puerto Rican novelists include Rosario Ferre (Eccentric Neighborhoods), Giannina Braschi (United States of Banana), and Esmeralda Santiago (When I Was Puerto Rican).
Puerto Rican poets who live in New York are called Nuyorican poets.
José Campeche (1751-1809) is the first known Puerto Rican painter.
He painted in the best rococo style.
Franciso Oller painted Puerto Rican landscapes and still life paintings the 19th Century.
In the 20th century Franciso Rodón who paints portraits of celebrities.
In the 21st century, Allora and Calzadilla are conceptual artists in San Juan, Puerto Rico.
Puerto Rico music is often called Latin music.
There are many popular styes of Puerto Rican dance music, including Salsa, Bomba, Plena, and Reggaeton.
One of the most popular bands today is Calle 13.
World famous Puerto Rican singers include Jennifer Lopez, Hector Lavoe, Tito Puentes, and Marc Anthony.
Ricky Martin won the 1999 Grammy Award for "Best Latin Pop Performance" for  Living La Vida Loca.
Puerto Rican philosophy deals with Puerto Rican independence, education, racism, and liberty for all.
The first major Puerto Rican philosopher was Eugenio María de Hostos.
He was born in the 19th Century in Puerto Rico.
He believed that Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic and Cuba should unite to be free from Colonial powers.
Francisco José Ramos was born in the 20th century.
His philosophy deals with Ancient Greeks, American imperialism, and Buddhism.
Giannina Braschi is a contemporary political philosopher.
She writes about freedom, immigration, revolution, and justice.
Braschi was inspired by a major Mexican woman philosopher Sor Juana Inez de la Cruz.
Puerto Rican philosophers are sometimes called Latinx philosophers or Latin American philosophers.
Puerto Rican Literature
https://islandsofpuertorico.com/puerto-rico-flag/
1898 establishments in the United States
In the 1980s, he appeared in several movies.
His best known roles were as Short Round in Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom (1984) and Data in The Goonies (1985).
He now works as a stunt coordinator on many movies, for example X-Men.
In Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom, he was an orphan in the streets of Shanghai when he becomes Indy's(Harrison Ford) friend.
They end up in India where Indy, Short Round and night club singer Willie Scott (Kate Capshaw) fight Indians, save children, and participate in a mine car chase.
After their adventures in India, Short Round disappeared temporarily.
He later grew up to become an archeologist.
He went on an adventure in search of the Peacock Stone, the same diamond lost at the begining of "Temple of Doom".
A pilgrimage is when people travel to a place of worship that is usually far away.
They may have to go to a different city or country.
Usually a pilgrimage is done for spiritual or religious reasons.
The purpose of Christian pilgrimage was summarized by Pope Benedict XVI this way:
Seeing the Mausoleum of Vladimir Lenin on the Red Square in Moscow, or
Visiting the birthplace of Elvis Presley.
Religious behavior and experience
Religious places
St. Petersburg becomes the capital of Russia
February 2 – an earthquake hit the town of L'Aquila, Italy.
February 4 – in Japan, the 47 samurai (47 Ronin) commit seppuku, a ritual suicide.
February 14 – an earthquake hits the city of Norcia, Italy.
February – soldiers at Fort Louis de la Mobile celebrate Mardi Gras in Mobile, starting the tradition for Mobile, Alabama.
April 21 – the Company of Quenching of Fire (i.e., a fire brigade) was started in Edinburgh, Scotland.
May 27 – the founding of St Petersburg in Russia.
May 26 – Portugal joins the Grand Alliance.
July 29 to 31 – Daniel Defoe is placed in a pillory then imprisoned 4 months for the crime of libel, after publishing a satirical pamphlet (his release is granted mid-November).
September 12 – the War of the Spanish Succession started in Habsburg, when Archduke Charles was proclaimed King of Spain.
October – a whirlwind blows down the tower of the Gan Takal in Gondar, the capital of Ethiopia, killing 30 people.
November 19 – an Unknown masked prisoner dies in Bastille.
November 24 to December 2 – the Great Storm of 1703, an Atlantic hurricane, blowes through southern England and the English Channel, killing nearly 8000, mostly at sea.
December 27 – Portugal and England sign the Methuen Treaty which gives preference to Portuguese imported wines into England.
A Tale of a Tub, first major satire by Jonathan Swift, is published.
George Psalmanazar arrives in London.
Isaac Newton becomes the chairman of the Royal Society.
Ahmed III (1703-1730) succeeds Mustafa II (1695-1703) as emperor of the Ottoman Empire.
February 5 – Gilbert Tennent, Irish-born religious leader, was born (he died in 1764)
March 5 – (N. S.) Vasily Kirillovich Trediakovsky, a Russian poet, was born (he died in 1768)
May 14 – David Brearly, a delegate to the U.S. Constitutional Convention, was born (he died in 1785)
June 17 – John Wesley, the English founder of Methodism, was born (he died in 1791)
June 26 – Thomas Clap, the first president of Yale University was born (he died in 1767)
August 2 – Lorenzo Ricci, the Italian Jesuit leader was born (he died in 1775)
September 29 – François Boucher, a French painter was born (he died in 1770)
October 5 – Jonathan Edwards, an American preacher was born (he died in 1758)
October 28 – Antoine Deparcieux, a French mathematician was born (he died in 1768)
November 25 – Jean-François Séguier, a French astronomer and botanist was born (he died in 1784)
November 26 – Theophilus Cibber, an English actor and writer was born (he died in 1758)
December 2 – Ferdinand Konščak, a Croatian explorer was (he died in 1759)
January 11 – Johann Georg Graevius, German classical scholar and critic died (born 1632)
March 3 – Robert Hooke, a very important English scientist died (born 1635)
March 31 – Johann Christoph Bach, German composer died (born 1642)
April 20 – Lancelot Addison, English royal chaplain died (born 1632)
May 16 – Charles Perrault, French writer died (born 1628)
May 26 – Samuel Pepys, English civil servant and diarist died (born 1633)
June 14 – Jean Herauld Gourville, French adventurer died(born 1625)
July 17 – Roemer Vlack, Dutch naval commander died (birthdate unknown)
September 22 – Vincenzo Viviani, Italian mathematician and scientist died (born 1622)
September 25 – Archibald Campbell, 1st Duke of Argyll, Scottish privy councillor died (born 1658)
September 29 – Charles de Saint-Évremond, French soldier died (born 1610)
October 28 – John Wallis, English mathematician died (born 1616)
November 19 – The Man in the Iron Mask died
November 30 – Nicolas de Grigny, French organist and composer died (born 1672)
December 28 – Mustafa II, Ottoman Sultan (born 1664) died
date unknown Phetracha, king of Ayutthaya died (born 1632)
A watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) is a plant which was first domesticated in Africa.
It is a cultivated edible fruit worldwide, there are more than 1000 varieties.
About 6% of a watermelon is sugar, which makes it  very sweet.
There are many different types of watermelon.
Some have a green rind on the outside and a red-pink flesh on the inside, with brown seeds.
Some can have yellow flesh, and some can be seedless.
The green rind on the outside is not usually eaten, though it can be used as a vegetable.
It can also be stewed or pickled.
Most watermelons are oblong or spherical.
In Japan, watermelons are grown in different shapes, such as hearts and squares.
Watermelons are a great source of vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin B1 and vitamin B6.
They also contain potassium, magnesium, carotenoid antioxidant, and lycopene.
The watermelon flesh is healthy to eat.
It is Liberia's most populous city with a population of 1,010,970.
The city is named after 5th U.S. President James Monroe.
Monrovia was founded in 1822 by the American Colonization Society.
They wanted free slaves.
Liberia has the word liberty in it and it was meant for slaves for slaves to free from America.
Paul Albert Anka  (born July 30, 1941) is a Canadian-American singer and songwriter.
He is best known for such songs as Diana (1957) and Lonely Boy (1959).
Anka was born in Ottawa, Ontario to Camelia and Andrew Emile "Andy" Anka, Sr.
They owned a restaurant named the Locanda.
His parents were both Antiochian Orthodox Christians in Syria.
Anka's mother was Canadian-Lebanese "from a small town of, in Syria " and Anka's father was Syrian.
Anka grew up singing in the St. Elias Antiochian Orthodox Church choir.
He went to Fisher Park High School where he was part of a vocal trio called the Bobby Soxers.
He became an American citizen in 1990.
He is married to Polish-born Anna Anka.
CBC Archives
Neil Percival Young (born November 12, 1945) is a Canadian-American musician and old man.
He is known for his country and rock songs.
Many of his songs have a political and/or personal message.
He was also a member of the groups Buffalo Springfield and Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young.
Young has explored many different styles of music during his career, and not all his records have been popular.
During the 1980s, he was sued by his record company, Geffen Records, who believed he was making records that would not sell very many copies on purpose.
Young won out over Geffen in court.
Sometimes, people call him the Godfather of Grunge because the style of some of his songs led to the kind of music called grunge music that started to be popular in the early 1990s.
From 1978 until their divorce in 2014, he was married to singer-songwriter Pegi Young.
Young is known as an environmental and political activist and his views can sometimes be found in the lyrics of his songs.
He is a long-time supporter of the family farmer.
In 1985 Young, along with Willie Nelson and John Mellencamp, co-founded the benefit concert called Farm Aid which has continued every year to help raise money to keep farmers in business.
He also did not support George W. Bush when he was the president of the United States, and even wrote a song called "Let's Impeach the President" about how he thought Bush should lose his powers.
In the 1970s, Young released two songs (on his After The Gold Rush and Harvest albums) critical of racism in the Southern United States.
These songs were called "Southern Man" and "Alabama".
Lynyrd Skynyrd, a band from the Southern United States, made a song in response called "Sweet Home Alabama" that has become a very popular rock classic.
Young's name is said in the lyrics of "Sweet Home Alabama".
Neil Young (1969)
Everybody Knows This Is Nowhere  (1969)
After the Gold Rush (1970)
Harvest (1972)
Time Fades Away (1973)
On the Beach (1974)
Tonight's the Night (1975)
Zuma  (1975)
Long May You Run  (1976)
American Stars 'n Bars (1977)
Comes a Time (1978)
Rust Never Sleeps  (1979)
Hawks & Doves (1980)
Re·ac·tor  (1981)
Trans (1982)
Everybody's Rockin' (1983)
Old Ways (1985)
Landing on Water (1986)
Life  (1987)
This Note's for You (1988)
Eldorado  (1989)
Freedom (1989)Ragged Glory  (1990)
Harvest Moon (1992)
Sleeps with Angels  (1994)
Mirror Ball  (1995)
Broken Arrow  (1996)
Silver & Gold (2000)
Greendale  (2003)Prairie Wind (2005)Living with War (2006)Living with War: "In the Beginning" (2006)Chrome Dreams II (2007)Fork in the Road (2009)Le Noise (2010)Americana  (2012)Psychedelic Pill  (2012)A Letter Home (2014)Storytone (2014)The Monsanto Years  (2015)Peace Trail (2016)Hitchhiker (2017)The Visitor''  (2017)
Colorado (album)  (2019)
Barn (album)  (2021)
Singers from Toronto
The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy is a science fiction comedy series by Douglas Adams.
It started out as a radio show series for the BBC Radio 4 in 1978.
In 2005, it was made into a movie, and the fourth and fifth radio series were broadcast.
A CD was released following the final episode transmission of each radio series.
It has also been a computer game, and several stage plays and comic books.
Douglas Adams also suggested he would write a sixth book but he died before he could complete it, so Eoin Colfer wrote the sixth book in the series.
In 2018, the sixth radio series, the Hexagonal Phase, was broadcast on BBC Radio 4.
It featured Professor Stephen Hawking introducing himself as the voice of The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy Mk II by saying: "I have been quite popular in my time.
Some even read my books".
The six books in the Hitchhiker's Guide series are:
So Long, and Thanks for all the Fish
The radio, book, TV and movie versions differ from each other.
The same basic plot is used but they sometimes contradict each other.
This is due to Adams rewriting the story for each new medium.
In all versions, the story follows the adventures of Arthur Dent.
His house is being bulldozed to make way for a bypass.
At the same time the Earth is being demolished by the Vogons to make way for an intergalactic bypass.
The vogons are a race of unpleasant and bureaucratic aliens.
Dent's friend, Ford Prefect, is an alien.
He is a researcher for the eponymous guidebook.
He rescues Dent from Earth's destruction.
Zaphod Beeblebrox is Ford's eccentric semi-cousin.
Beeblebrox is the Galactic President.
He has stolen the Heart of Gold, a spacecraft equipped with the Infinite Improbability Drive.
The depressed robot Marvin the Paranoid Android and Trillian are crew members.
Trillian was known as Tricia McMillan, a woman Arthur once met at a party in Islington.
Beeblebrox saved her from Earth's destruction.
She is the only other human survivor.
Arthur learns that the Earth was actually a giant supercomputer.
It was created by another supercomputer, Deep Thought.
Deep Thought had been built to give the answer to the "Ultimate Question of Life, the Universe, and Everything".
It gave the answer as "42".
The creators of Deep Thought were disappointed and Deep Thought was then instructed to design the Earth supercomputer to determine what the question actually is.
The Earth was destroyed by the Vogons just before its calculations were due to complete.
Arthur becomes the target of the descendants of the Deep Thought creators, believing his mind must hold the Question.
With his friends' help, Arthur escapes and they decide to have lunch at The Restaurant at the End of the Universe.
They have more adventures.
A cookbook, or cookery book, is kind of book that tells people how to prepare food for eating using specific instructions called a recipe.
Most cookbooks also have tips on how to eat and present the food as well.
They usually list the ingredients needed, time needed to cook, and the instructions.
They may give other tips too.
Somalia (; ), officially called the Federal Republic of Somalia (; ), is a country in Africa.
It used to be known as the Somali Republic.
It is a country in the Horn of Africa.
It is bordered by Djibouti to the northwest, Kenya to the southwest, the Gulf of Aden with Yemen to the north, the Guardafui Channel and Somali Sea to the east, and Ethiopia to the west.
A person from Somalia is called a Somali.
Somalia is an independent country.
Since the Somali Civil War in the 1980s, there has been no working government that covers all of Somalia; instead, different clans have been fighting for control.
Somalia is now trying to gain control of their people and get back up on its feet with very little resources.
Clan wars
There are four big tribes in Somalia, the Hawiye, the Dirweyn, the Koofur Orsi inhabitants and the Darood.
Somalis are a nation of related families, which are called clans.
Groups of clans sometimes band together based on a common ancestor or other blood relationship.
Sometimes these family relationships date back hundreds or even thousands of years in the past.
Somalis are mostly camel or goat herders, and depend on their livestock to live.
In Somalia there are limited sources of drinking water and grazing land, and disputes over grazing rights, water rights, or land in general can lead to fighting between families.
Because of the clan system, the families involved will call on their clan for help, leading to a clan war.
Because Somalia does not have a working legal system, the only help a family in Somalia has to solve a dispute with another family is to get their clan involved.
The only solution to the clan wars in Somalia is a working legal system, but the only group who has succeeded in creating one is the Islamic Courts Union.
Unfortunately the Islamic Courts Union was accused of being terrorists and Ethiopia invaded Somalia to topple their government and put the government they created in power instead.
In ancient times, Somalia was a place where people from Egypt and Arabia went to buy Gum Arabic, Myrrh and Ebony Wood.
The Ancient Egyptians used to call it Punt, which meant "God's Land".
Somalis started herding camel and goats about 4,000 years ago, and they remain mostly herders today.
400 more years later, the king of Ethiopia told his subjects that God hated Ifat, and he invaded Ifat with his army, destroying everything he came across and driving the king of Ifat to an island off the coast of Zeila, where he died.
The king of Ethiopia then took part of Ifat and added it to his kingdom, and made Ifat pay him lots of money once a year.
The remains of Ifat put their kingdom back together again and renamed it Adal.
About a hundred years later, the King of Adal was deposed by an influential warlord by the name of Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi, who had lots of influence with Somali clans across the north.
He declared a Jihad against Ethiopia, brought together a huge army that included Turkish musketeers and Somali cavalry.
The Somali cavalry were especially deadly because they could shoot arrows while riding their horses, something that the Mongol hordes and Japanese Samurai are also famous for.
Ahmad chose a bad time, however, because the Portuguese Empire was muscling into East Africa.
They had taken over the whole east African coast up to Baraawe, and were trying to take over Mogadishu.
The Portuguese decided to help out the Ethiopians because the Ethiopians were Christians and the Portuguese did not like Muslims.
Ahmad had taken over more than half of Ethiopia when a troop of Portuguese musketeers showed up to help the Ethiopians out.
One Portuguese musketeer managed to shoot Ahmad himself, killing him.
A lot of the Somali cavalry was only there because of Ahmad, so the Jihad ended and Ethiopia wound up invading Adal.
The Turks had to send an army to stop them from taking over Zeila, and Adal ended up becoming part of the Turkish Ottoman Empire.
On those days we do not find the exact people dwell in zeila, but the history ascribed the black people, without tracing their origin and their tribes.
Daraawiish State
The Turks and Portuguese fought over East Africa for the next 200 years, but the Turks eventually won about 270 years ago.
Northern Somalia stayed under Turkish protection after Ahmad died, and the east coast including Mogadishu ended up under the protection of the King of Oman.
When Egypt declared independence from the Turks a hundred years later, Northern Somalia became part of Egypt.
Egypt came under British protection shortly after that, and northern Somalia basically became a British protectorate as well.
This became official about 130 years ago, and northern Somalia officially became British Somaliland.
The Kingdom of Italy had just come together as one country around this time, and wanted the same things that the other big countries had, like colonies.
Italy offered to buy the rights to the east Africa coast from Oman, who was in charge of protecting the cities and small kingdoms there, and Oman agreed.
Italy made deals with some of the larger kingdoms/sultanates (like the Sultanate of Nugaal) for them to be under Italian protection, but the smaller ones Italy just invaded.
This became Italian Somalia in 1905, with capital Mogadishu.
Ethiopia, which had fallen apart again after Ahmad's Jihad, had recently put itself back together again as well, and started invading small Somali kingdoms as well, and by 1890 there were not many left.
The French got in on this too, but they just took over a small area which today is Djibouti.
Lots of Somalis did not like what was going on, so a Muslim religious leader named Mohammed Abdullah Hassan started a group called the Darwiish to fight the British, Italians and Ethiopians.
The British called him the "Mad Mullah" and spent about 30 years fighting him, eventually using fighter planes against his cavalry.
At their height the Darwiish controlled almost a third of Somalia.
Italy created a colony around Mogadishu and enlarged the territory of Italian Somalia after WW1 with the areas south of the Juba river.
In the next 20 years the Italian colony grew in importance, having at Hafun the biggest salt production in the world and in the Scebeli river a huge production of bananas exported to Europe.
In 1928 was created the first airport in Somalia's capital and later in 1939 was started the longest air route in Africa with the Linea dell'impero, a flight between Rome and Mogadishu.
World War 2 history
When Benito Mussolini took power in Italy, he ended the deals he made with the bigger Somali sultanates and invaded them conquering all the area that was to be the colony of Italian Somalia.
Then he invaded and took over Ethiopia, using poison gas on the Ethiopians.
Shortly afterwards, World War 2 broke out and he invaded British Somaliland, but two years later the British returned and liberated British Somaliland and Ethiopia as well as taking over Italian Somaliland.
After the war, Britain wanted to put all of the places Somalis lived in one country, which would be a British protectorate.
The Ethiopians complained that they should be able to keep the areas they conquered, and the Italians also complained the same thing, so in the end the Ethiopians got to keep their bit, and the Italians did too.
However, Italian Somaliland was put under a United Nations mandate, so the Italians could not make it a colony.
Cold War history
In 1960 both British and Italian Somaliland declared independence together as the Somali Republic.
It was chosen the Latin alphabet for the Somali language.
Many areas where Somalis lived were still part of Britain, Ethiopia and France.
Somalia wanted to get back all the areas that had been colonized by the French, Ethiopians and British.
Somalia and Ethiopia had a short war in 1964 over the Ethiopian part of Somalia, and it was obvious that more fighting was to come.
In 1969, the President of Somalia was killed by a man whose clan had been hurt by his policies, and General Mohammed Siad Barre took over the country.
Siad Barre built a huge army with help from the Soviet Union and when Ethiopia fell for the fourth time (this time because of a Communist takeover) he invaded.
The Soviet Union decided that Ethiopia was more important than Somalia and double-crossed Siad Barre, supplying huge amounts of weapons to Ethiopia.
Other countries like Cuba and Israel also sent help to Ethiopia, so in the end Siad Barre lost the war.
Ethiopia's new government then began helping Somali rebel groups, who did not like how Siad Barre took over the country, and these rebel groups toppled Siad Barre' government in 1991 and forced him out of the country.
After this, however, all of the rebel groups started fighting amongst themselves over who would be in charge now that Siad Barre was gone.
Eventually, some of the rebel groups decided to make their own governments in the land that they controlled.
One, called Somaliland, declared independence from Somalia entirely, while another called Puntland declared independence "for now" until a new Somali national government can be put together.
Dozens of attempts to create a new national government failed.
Because there was no government in most of Somalia (except where one had been built from scratch, like Puntland and Somaliland) Somalia's only legal system, beyond the law of the gun, was traditional custom and Islamic Sharia law.
Because of this, Sharia legal scholars in the lawless south of Somalia gained quite a bit of influence.
Around the same time, the people fighting for Somali lands in Ethiopia to be part of Somalia turned to the example of the Afgani Mujahideen, and created their own group called al-Ittihad al-Islamiyya or the Islamic Union.
During the 1990s Ethiopia invaded Somalia several times to attack the Islamic Union, who were helping Somali rebels in Ethiopia.
After 2001, the United States of America became very suspicious of both the Sharia courts and the Islamic Union of being terrorists.
Warlords made a group called the Alliance for the Restoration of Peace and Counter-Terrorism.
The Sharia courts banded together to protect themselves and created the Islamic Courts Union.
People liked the Sharia courts and hated the gangsters, so everyone helped the Islamic Courts Union, who defeated the gangsters and drove them out of Mogadishu in 2006.
The Islamic Courts Union then formed an army and took over most of southern Somalia.
The United States of America and Ethiopia was alarmed by this takeover, so Ethiopia invaded southern Somalia in 2007 and put a new government in power that was made up of the rebel groups that Ethiopia had funded 15 years earlier.
Almost everyone disagreed with this decision, and that same year a rebellion against this new government broke out in Mogadishu and spread across the whole country by 2008.
At around the same time, Somali pirates kidnapped westerners from big ships for ransom.
Melvin Jerome "Mel" Blanc (born Melvin Jerome Blank ; May 30, 1908 – July 10, 1989) was an American voice actor and radio personality.
Nicknamed The Man of a Thousand Voices, he was best known for his voices in Looney Tunes and Hanna-Barbera cartoons, among others.
Blanc was born on May 30, 1908 in San Francisco, California.
He studied at Lincoln High School in San Francisco.
He was married to Estelle Rosenbaum from 1933 until his death in 1989.
He has a son, Noel Blanc.
Blanc died on July 10, 1989 from heart disease, aged 81.
The characters he voiced and the years he started doing them
Porky Pig (1935)
Daffy Duck (1937)
Bugs Bunny (1940)
Cecil Turtle 1941 ["Tortoise Beats hare"]
Dopey (1941-1967)
Tweety Bird (1942)
The Hep Cat (1942)
Old man [1943] ["Tortoise winds by a hare"]
Yosemite Sam (1945) ("Hare Trigger")
Pepe LePew (1945)
Herman Goering [1945] ("Herr Meets hare")
Adolf Hitler [1945] ("Herr Meets hare")
Joseph Stalin [1945] ("Herr Meets Hare")
Sylvester the cat (1946) aka Thomas (1947) in some films
Foghorn Leghorn (1946)
Henery Hawk (1946)
Hugo [1946] [Rackateer Rabbit]
Police Detective [1946] {Rackateer Rabbit]
Charlie Dog (1947)
Wile E. Coyote (1948)
K-9 (1948) (sidekick to Marvin the Martian)
Marvin the Martian (1948)
Road Runner (1948)
Captain Bligh [1948] ["Buccaneer Bunny"]
Polly the parrot [1948] ["Bucceneer Bunny"]
Game Commissioner [1949] ["Rebel Rabbit"]
Police Guard [1949] ["Rebel Rabbit"]
Congressman  [1949] ["Rebel Rabbit"]
Crew member [1949] ["Mutiny on the Bunny"]
Woman [1949] ["Bowrey Bugs"]
Swami [1949] ["Bowery Bugs"]
Irish NYPD Policeman [1949] ["Bowery Bugs"]
Prison Guard Sam Schultz [1950] ["Big House Bunny"]
Prison Warden [1950] ["Big House Bunny"]
Pigeon [1950] {"Big house Bunny"]
Rocky [1954] {"Bugs and Thugs"]
Mugsy [1954] ["Bugs and Thugs"]
Policeman on phone [1954] {"Bugs and Thugs"]
Policeman [1954] ["Bugs and Thugs"]
The Tasmanian Devil (1954)
Speedy Gonzalez (1955)
Sportscaster [1955] ["Roman Legion_Hare"]
Roman Soldier [1955] ["Roman Legion Hare"]
Emperor Nero [1955] ["Roman Legion-Hare"]
Charles M. Wolf [1958] ["Hare-Less Wolf"]
Elmer Fudd (1959, assumed from Arthur Q Bryan)
Railroad Station Announcer / Mexican Character / Maxwell Car / Carmichael Pet Polar Bear / Polly Pet Parrot / Salesman / Violin Teacher Professor LeBlanc [The Jack Benny show (Radio and TV)]
Jack Benny's Maxwell Car/Ed the Cheese Vault Guard [1959] [The Mouse That Jack Built]
Barney Rubble (1960)
Dino (1960) (Fred Flintstone's pet.)
Cosmo G. Spacely (1962) also same character in last film [1990] Jetsons the Movie
Spoiled King [1962] ("Shiskabugs")
Head Devil [1963] ["Devil's Feud Cake"]
Colonel Zachary GAtor (1963 episode of Wally Gator)
Secret Squirrel (1964-1965)
Hardy Harr Harr (1965-1966)
Bubba McCoy from "Where's Huddles?"
Captain Caveman
Chug-a-Boom / Ant Hill Mob / Bully Brothers from "The Perils of Penelope Pitstop" and "Wacky Races"
Twiki from Buck Rogers in the 25th Century (1979)
Heathcliff (1981 / appeared in syndication from 1986-1988)
ConAgra Foods, Inc. is a food packing company that packs food for supermarkets, restaurants, and other businesses.
It is located in North America.
American food companies
Companies based in Omaha, Nebraska
1919 establishments in North America