the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
PepsiCo took great advantage of the campaign with television commercials reporting the results to the public.
In 1996, PepsiCo launched the highly successful Pepsi Stuff marketing strategy.
By 2002, the strategy was cited by Promo Magazine as one of 16 "Ageless Wonders" that "helped redefine promotion marketing."
In 2007, PepsiCo redesigned their cans for the fourteenth time, and for the first time, included more than thirty different backgrounds on each can, introducing a new background every three weeks.
One of their background designs includes a string of repetitive numbers 73774.
This is a numerical expression from a telephone keypad of the word "Pepsi."
In late 2008, Pepsi overhauled their entire brand, simultaneously introducing a new logo and a minimalist label design.
The redesign was comparable to Coca-Cola's earlier simplification of there can and bottle designs.
Also in 4th quarter of 2008 Pepsi teamed up with Google/Youtube to produce the first daily entertainment show on Youtube, Poptub.
This daily show deals with pop culture, internet viral videos, and celebrity gossip.
Poptub is updated daily from Pepsi.
Since 2007, Pepsi, Lay's, and Gatorade have had a "Bring Home the Cup," contest for Canada's biggest hockey fans.
Hockey fans were asked to submit content (videos, pictures or essays) for a chance at winning a party in their hometown with the Stanley Cup and Mark Messier.
In 2009, "Bring Home the Cup," changed to "Team Up and Bring Home the Cup."
The new installment of the campaign asks for team involvement and an advocate to submit content on behalf of their team for the chance to have the Stanley Cup delivered to the team's hometown by Mark Messier.
Pepsi has official sponsorship deals with three of the four major North American professional sports leagues: the National Football League, National Hockey League and Major League Baseball.
Pepsi also sponsors Major League Soccer.
Pepsi also has sponsorship deals in international cricket teams.
The Pakistan cricket team is just one of the teams that the brand sponsors.
The team wears the Pepsi logo on the front of their test and ODI test match clothing.
In October 2008, Pepsi announced that it would be redesigning its logo and re-branding many of its products by early 2009.
In 2009, Pepsi, Diet Pepsi and Pepsi Max began using all lower-case fonts for name brands, and Diet Pepsi Max was re-branded as Pepsi Max.
The brand's blue and red globe trademark became a series of "smiles," with the central white band arcing at different angles depending on the product.
Pepsi released this logo in US.
in late 2008, and later it was released in 2009 in Canada, Brazil, Bolivia, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Honduras, El Salvador, Colombia, Argentina, Puerto Rico, Costa Rica, Panama, Chile and Australia; in the rest of the world the new logo was released in 2010.
Pepsi's Official website
Penguins are seabirds in the family Spheniscidae.
They use their wings to travel underwater, but they cannot travel in the air.
They eat fish and other seafood.
Penguins lay their eggs and raise their babies on land.
Penguins live only in the Southern Hemisphere of the world: Antarctica, New Zealand, Australia, South Africa and South America.
The furthest north they get is the Galapagos Islands, where the cold Humboldt Current flows past.
All penguins have a white belly and a dark, mostly black, back.
This is a type of camouflage to keep them safe when they swim, because it makes them blend in with their background.
The white and black colors make an effect called countershading.
When a predator looking from below sees the white belly and wings of a swimming penguin, they can not see the penguin well because the light is coming from above.
However, when seen from above, the penguin's black back blends in with the dark water below, so they are hard to see.
The biggest penguins may stand nearly 4 feet tall (110 cm) and can weigh almost 100 pounds (40 kg).
The smallest kinds are only about one foot (32 cm) tall.
Penguins have a thick layer of blubber that helps them keep warm, and their feathers are very tightly packed to make another cover.
They also have a layer of woolly down feathers, under the outer veined feathers that are coated with a type of oil that makes them waterproof.
Penguins have webbed feet used for paddling in  the water.
They cannot walk well, so they waddle.
Penguins cannot fly, but they can swim very well.
Their wings have become stiff and small swimming flippers.
They have good hearing and can see underwater.
Most penguins lay two eggs per year but emperor penguins lay only one.
After the penguins mate, the mother lays her egg or eggs and soon goes in the ocean to eat.
The father and mother take turns keeping the eggs warm, and the chicks warm after hatching.
The parent on baby duty has nothing to eat.
Parent penguins call to find each other amongst the thousands of birds when they return from the feeding grounds.
The time one parent is alone with the eggs or chicks and going hungry may be weeks or months depending on what kind of penguin they are.
If one parent does not return, the other must abandon the egg to go and eat.
Global warming is a threat to penguins along with other arctic animals.
Penguins eat krill, fish, squid, and other small animals from the ocean, which they catch.
They are at home in the ocean.
They don't eat there because they live in places where the land has no food for them.
In most species the birds all nest together in a huge group, called a rookery.
They usually make nests on the ground with rocks or mud.
Penguins cannot taste fish.
This was discovered when a research team noticed they were missing some key genes for taste.
A closer look at the DNA of penguins showed that all species lack functioning genes for the receptors of sweet, umami, and bitter tastes.
It doesn't matter to them, because they swallow the fish whole.
Different kinds
There are 15-20 living species (types) of penguins.
The white-flippered penguin is today generally considered a subspecies of the little penguin.
It is still unclear if the royal penguin is a subspecies of the macaroni penguin.
Scientists are also uncertain whether rockhopper penguins are one, two, or three species.
List of penguins
Aptenodytes
King penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus)
Emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri)
Pygoscoscelis
Adélie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae)
Chinstrap penguin (Pygoscelis Antarctica)
Gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua)
Eudyptes (crested penguins)
Rockhopper penguin (Eudyptes chrysocome)
Fiordland penguin (Eudyptes pachyrhynchus)
Snares penguin (Eudyptes robustus)
Royal penguin (Eudyptes schlegeli)
Erect-crested penguin (Eudyptes sclateri)
Macaroni penguin (Eudyptes chrysolophus)
Megadyptes
Yellow-eyed penguin (Megadyptes antipodes)
Eudyptula
Little penguin (Eudyptula minor)
White-flippered penguin (Eudyptula minor albosignata)
African penguin (Spheniscus demersus)
Magellanic penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus)
Humboldt penguin (Spheniscus humboldti)
Galápagos penguin (Spheniscus mendiculus)
Tux (Linux mascot)
Penguin at Citizendium
Animals of Antarctica
12 BC - The Roman Emperor Augustus Caesar is named "Pontifex Maximus", incorporating his position into that of Emperor.
1447 – Nicholas V becomes Pope.
1454 – Thirteen Years' War: Delegates of the Prussian Confederation pledged allegiance to Casimir IV of Poland, and the Polish king agreed to help in their struggle for independence from the Teutonic Knights.
1460 – Treaty of Alcaçovas – Portugal gives the Canary Islands to Castile in exchange for claims in West Africa.
1521 – Ferdinand Magellan discovers Guam.
1645 - Thirty Years' War: In the Battle of Jankau, the Swedish force under Lennart Torstensson wins, and takes field marshal Melchior von Hatzfeldt prisoner.
1714 - End of the War of Spanish Succession.
1788 - The first fleet arrives at Norfolk Island and founds a convict settlement.
1820 – The Missouri Compromise is signed into law by President James Monroe.
The compromise allows Missouri to enter the Union as a slave state, but makes the rest of the northern part of the Louisiana Purchase territory slavery-free.
1834 – York, Upper Canada is incorporated as Toronto.
1836 – Texas Revolution: Battle of the Alamo – After a 13-day siege by an army of 3,000 Mexican troops, the 189 Texas volunteers defending the Alamo are defeated and the fort taken.
1853 – The Giuseppe Verdi opera La Traviata premieres in Venice.
1856 – The University of Maryland, College Park is chartered as the Maryland Agricultural College.
1857 – The Supreme Court of the United States rules in the Dred Scott v. Sandford case.
1869 – Dmitri Mendeleev presents the first periodic table to the Russian Chemical Society.
1882 - The Serbian Kingdom is re-founded.
1899 – Bayer registers aspirin as a trademark.
1900 – A coal mine explosion in West Virginia traps 50 coal miners.
1901 – In Bremen an assassin attempts to kill Wilhelm II of Germany.
1902 - The football team Real Madrid is founded, though the word "Real", Spanish for "Royal", is only later added to the team's name.
1913 - First Balkan War: The Greek army captures the Bizani fortress near Ioannina from the Ottoman Empire.
1921 - The Portuguese Communist Party is founded.
1925 – Pionerskaya Pravda, one of the oldest children's newspapers in Europe, is founded
1940 – Winter War: An armistice is signed by Finland and the Soviet Union.
1945 – A communist-dominated government under Petru Groza assumes power in Romania.
1946 – Vietnam War: Ho Chi Minh signs an agreement with France which recognizes Vietnam as an autonomous state in the Indochinese Federation and the French Union.
1947 – USS Newport News, the first air-conditioned naval ship, is launched from Newport News, Virginia.
1951 – The trial of Ethel and Julius Rosenberg begins.
1953 – Georgy Maksimilianovich Malenkov succeeds Josef Stalin as Premier and First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
1954 - Chancellor of West Germany Konrad Adenauer visits the United States.
1957 – United Kingdom colonies Gold Coast and British Togoland become the independent Republic of Ghana.
1957 – Israel withdraws its troops from the Sinai Peninsula.
1960 - Geneva gives women the right to vote, becoming the third canton of Switzerland to do so.
1962 - The Ash Wednesday storm of 1962 hits the Mid-Atlantic coast of the United States.
1964 – Prophet Elijah Muhammad officially gives Cassius Clay the name Muhammad Ali meaning "beloved of Allah"
1964 – Constantine II becomes King of Greece.
1964 – Tom O'Hara sets a new world record for the indoor mile run by completing it in 3 minutes, 56.4 seconds.
1967 - Svetlana Alliluyeva, daughter of Joseph Stalin, defects to the United States.
1970 – Cult leader and suspected murderer Charles Manson releases an album titled Lies to help finance his defense.
1975 – Algiers Accord: Iran and Iraq announce a settlement over their border dispute.
1980 - Komodo National Park is founded in Indonesia, with the aim of protecting the Komodo dragon.
1981 – After 19 years presenting the CBS Evening News, Walter Cronkite signs off for the last time.
1983 – The United States Football League begins its first year of competition.
1984 – Twelve-month-long strike in British coal industry begins.
1987 – The British ferry M/S Herald of Free Enterprise capsizes in about 90 seconds after leaving the harbour of Zeebrugge, Belgium en route to Dover, England across the English Channel, killing 193.
1992 – The Michelangelo computer virus begins to affect computers.
1994 – Referendum in Moldova results in the electorate voting against possible reunification with Romania.
1997 – Picasso's painting Tête de Femme is stolen from a London gallery, and is recovered a week later.
2003 – An Air Algerie Boeing 737 crashes in Tamanrasset, Algeria, killing 102 out of the 103 people on board.
2005 – In Moss, Norway, three Edvard Munch paintings are stolen.
The thieves are arrested the next day.
2008 - A suicide bomber kills 68 people in Baghdad, including first responders.
2008 - A gunman kills eight students in Jerusalem.
2009 – Morgan Tsvangirai, leader of Zimbabwe's opposition party, Movement for Democratic Change, is injured in a car crash in which his wife Susan Tsvangirai is killed.
2014 - Euromaidan and Crimea Crisis: The regional parliament of Crimea votes by a majority to become part of Russia (instead of Ukraine) and decides to hold a referendum on this, on March 16.
Ukraine, the EU and United States declare this move illegal.
2015 - NASA's Dawn probe enters orbit around the dwarf planet Ceres.
2019 - Venezuelan political crisis: German ambassador Daniel Kriener is expelled from the country.
1340 – John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster (d. 1399)
1405 – King John II of Castile (d. 1454)
1459 – Jakob Fugger, German banker (d. 1525)
1475 – Michelangelo, Italian artist (d. 1564)
1483 - Francesco Guicciardini, Italian statesman and historian (d. 1540)
1492 - Juan Luis Vives, Spanish humanist, philosopher and educator (d. 1540)
1495 - Luigi Alamanni, Italian poet (d. 1556)
1508 – Humayun, Mogul Emperor (d. 1556)
1619 – Cyrano de Bergerac, French soldier and poet (d. 1655)
1663 - Francis Atterbury, British man of letters (d. 1732)
1706 – George Pocock, British admiral (d. 1792)
1716 – Pehr Kalm, Swedish explorer and naturalist (d. 1775)
1724 - Henry Laurens, American merchant, slave trader and political leader (d. 1792)
1761 - Antoine-François Andréossy, French-Italian nobleman (d. 1828)
1785 - Karol Kurpinski, Polish composer (d. 1857)
1787 – Joseph von Fraunhofer, German optician (d. 1826)
1806 – Elizabeth Barrett Browning, English poet (d. 1861)
1812 - Arthur Lufkin Dennison, American watch manufacturer (d. 1895)
1817 - Princess Clementine of Orleans (d. 1907)
1818 - William Claflin, 27th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1905)
1823 - Charles I of Württemberg (d. 1891)
1831 - Philip Sheridan, American Civil War Union cavalry officer (d. 1888)
1834 - George du Maurier, British illustrator and writer (d. 1896)
1838 - Szymon Winawer, Polish chess player (d. 1919)
1849 - Georg Luger, Austrian inventor (d. 1923)
1870 - Oscar Straus, Austrian composer (d. 1954)
1871 – Afonso Costa, Portuguese politician (d. 1937)
1882 - John January, American soccer player (d. 1917)
1884 – Molla Mallory, Norwegian-born American tennis player (d. 1959)
1885 – Ring Lardner, American writer (d. 1933)
1886 - Henry Jamison Handy, American swimmer, water polo player and movie maker (d. 1983)
1893 - Furry Lewis, American blues guitarist (d. 1981)
1900 - Lefty Grove, American baseball player (d. 1975)
1903 – Empress Kojun of Japan (d. 2000)
1904 - José Antonio Aguirre, 1st President of the Basque Country (d. 1960)
1905 - Bob Wills, American bandleader and songwriter (d. 1975)
1906 – Lou Costello, American actor and comedian (d. 1959)
1911 - George Webb, English actor (d. 1998)
1913 - Louise Latimer, American actress (d. 1973)
1915 - Mohammed Burhanuddin, Indian spiritual leader (d. 2014)
1917 – Frankie Howerd, English comedian (d. 1992)
1917 – Donald Davidson, American philosopher (d. 2003)
1917 – Will Eisner, American illustrator and cartoonist (d. 2005)
1917 - Samael Aun Weor, Colombian author, lecturer and teacher (d. 1977)
1919 - Harry Coover, American inventor of Super Glue (d. 2011)
1920 - Lewis Gilbert, English movie director, movie producer and screenwriter (d. 2018)
1921 - Leo Bretholz, Austrian-American Holocaust survivor (d. 2014)
1923 - Wes Montgomery, American musician (d. 1968)
1923 – Ed McMahon, American television personality (d. 2009)
1924 – Ottmar Walter, German footballer (d. 2013)
1924 - Sarah Caldwell, American conductor (d. 2006)
1924 - William H. Webster, 14th Director of the Central Intelligence Agency
1926 - Ray O'Connor, 22nd Premier of Western Australia (d. 2013)
1926 – Alan Greenspan, American economist
1926 – Andrzej Wajda, Polish movie director (d. 2016)
1927 – Gabriel Garcia Marquez, Colombian writer, Nobel Prize winner (d. 2014)
1927 - Gordon Cooper, American astronaut (d. 2004)
1928 - Glyn Owen, Welsh actor (d. 2004)
1930 - Lorin Maazel, French-American violinist, composer and conductor (d. 2014)
1931 - Hal Needham, American stuntman, director, actor and screenwriter (d. 2013)
1931 - Ed Whitlock, English-Canadian runner (d. 2017)
1932 – Bronislaw Geremek, Polish social historian and politician (d. 2008)
1932 - Marc Bazin, Haitian politician (d. 2010)
1932 - Jean Boht, English actress
1933 - Ted Abernathy, American baseball player (d. 2004)
1934 - Red Simpson, American country music singer-songwriter (d. 2016)
1934 - John Noakes, British television presenter (d. 2017)
1935 - Ron Delany, Irish middle-distance runner
1936 – Choummaly Sayasone, former President of Laos
1936 - Marion Barry, American politician (d. 2014)
1937 – Valentina Tereshkova, Soviet-Russian cosmonaut, first woman in space
1939 – Infanta Margarita of Spain
1939 - Kit Bond, American politician, 47th Governor of Missouri
1939 - Adam Osborne, writer and computer designer (d. 2003)
1941 - Peter Broetzmann, German jazz saxophonist
1944 – Kiri Te Kanawa, New Zealand opera singer
1944 – Mary Wilson, American singer (d. 2021)
1946 – David Gilmour, British musician (Pink Floyd)
1947 - Kiki Dee, British singer-songwriter
1947 – Rob Reiner, American director
1948 - Stephen Schwartz, American musical theatre lyricist and composer
1949 – Shaukat Aziz, Pakistani politician
1949 - Martin Buchan, Scottish footballer
1951 - Stedman Graham, American writer
1951 - Walter Trout, American composer, guitarist and singer
1953 - Carolyn Porco, American planetary scientist
1953 – Madhav Kumar Nepal, Nepalese politician
1954 – Harald Schumacher, German footballer
1955 – Cyprien Ntaryamira, President of Burundi (d. 1994)
1955 - Alberta Watson, Canadian actress (d. 2015)
1959 – Tom Arnold, American actor and comedian
1959 - Tommy Sheppard, Northern Irish-Scottish politician
1963 - Gary Stevens, American jockey
1963 - Suzanne Crough, American actress (d. 2015)
1964 – Sandro Rosell, Spanish football manager
1966 – Alan Davies, English actor and comedian
1967 - Connie Britton, American actress
1967 - Julio Bocca, Argentine ballet dancer and director
1967 - Shuler Hensley, American actor and singer
1968 - Moira Kelly, American actress
1969 - Amy Pietz, American actress
1970 – Chris Broderick, American musician
1971 – Karst Tates, Dutch attempted assassin (d. 2009)
1972 – Shaquille O'Neal, American basketball player
1973 - Michael Kelly, American basketball player
1976 – Ken Anderson, American professional wrestler
1977 – Giorgos Karagounis, Greek footballer
1978 – Lara Cox, Australian actress
1978 - Teruaki Kurobe, Japanese footballer
1979 – Rufus Hound, English comedian
1979 - Garry Monk, English footballer and manager
1979 – Tim Howard, American soccer player
1981 - Tim Brown, New Zealand footballer
1981 – Zlatan Muslimovic, Bosnia and Herzegovina footballer
1981 - Ellen Muth, American actress
1983 – Andranik Teymourian, Iranian footballer
1985 - Bakaye Traoré, French-born Malian footballer
1985 - Yael Stone, Australian actress
1986 - Paul Aguilar, Mexican footballer
1986 - Danny Jones, Welsh rugby league player (d. 2015)
1986 – Charlie Mulgrew, Scottish footballer
1987 – Kevin-Prince Boateng, German-Ghanaian footballer
1987 – Hannah Taylor-Gordon, British actress
1987 - José Manuel Flores, Spanish footballer
1988 - Agnes Carlsson, Swedish singer
1988 - Simon Mignolet, Belgian footballer
1989 - Lee Seung-Yeoul, South Korean footballer
1989 – Agnieszka Radwanska, Polish tennis player
1990 - Clara Lago, Spanish actress
1991 - Lex Luger, American producer
1991 - Tyler, The Creator, American rapper and producer
1991 - Rodrigo, Brazilian-Spanish footballer
1992 - Momoko Tsugunaga, Japanese actress and singer
1992 - Sarah De Bono, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist
1993 - Andres Renteria, Colombian footballer
1994 - Nathan Redmond, English footballer
1994 - Marcus Smart, American basketball player
1996 - Timo Werner, German footballer
2001 – Aryana Engineer, Canadian actress
1052 - Emma of Normandy (b. 985)
1252 - Saint Rose of Viterbo, Italian saint (b. 1235)
1282 - Agnes of Bohemia (b. 1211)
1466 – Francesco I Sforza, Italian ruler (b. 1401)
1490 – Ivan the Young, ruler of Tver (b. 1458)
1627 - Krzysztof Zbaraski, Polish statesman (b. 1580)
1754 – Henry Pelham, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1694)
1764 - Philip Yorke, 1st Earl of Hardwicke, Lord Chancellor of Great Britain (b. 1690)
1836 – Davy Crockett, American historical figure (b. 1786)
1836 - James Bowie, Texan pioneer (b. 1796)
1836 - William Travis, Texan soldier (b. 1809)
1842 – Constanze Mozart, wife of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (b. 1763)
1860 - Justus Johann Friedrich Dotzauer, German cellist and composer (b. 1783)
1881 – Horatia Nelson, daughter of Horatio Nelson and Emma Hamilton (b. 1801)
1888 – Louisa May Alcott, American writer (b. 1832)
1895 – Camilla Collett, Norwegian writer and feminist (b. 1813)
1899 – Victoria Kaiulani, Hawaiian princess (b. 1875)
1900 – Gottlieb Daimler, German engineer (b. 1834)
1925 – Georgy Lvov, Russian politician (b. 1861)
1930 - Alfred von Tirpitz, German admiral (b. 1849)
1932 – John Philip Sousa, American conductor and composer (b. 1854)
1933 – Anton Cermak, Mayor of Chicago (b. 1873)
1935 – Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., American politician (b. 1841)
1941 - Gutzon Borglum, Danish sculptor (b. 1867)
1950 – Albert Lebrun, President of France (b. 1871)
1951 – Ivor Novello, Welsh actor, musician and composer (b. 1893)
1951 - Volodymyr Vynnychenko, Ukrainian politician and statesman (b. 1880)
1952 - Jürgen Stroop, German SS officer (b. 1895)
1961 – George Formby, English comedian, singer and musician (b. 1904)
1964 – King Paul of Greece (b. 1901)
1965 - Margaret Dumont, American actress (b. 1889)
1967 – Zoltan Kodaly, Hungarian composer (b. 1882)
1967 - Nelson Eddy, American actor and singer (b. 1901)
1971 – Thurston Dart, English harpsichordist and conductor (b. 1921)
1973 – Pearl S. Buck, American writer, Nobel Prize winner (b. 1892)
1982 – Ayn Rand, Russian-American writer (b. 1905)
1984 – Martin Niemöller, German theologian (b. 1892)
1986 – Georgia O'Keeffe, American artist (b. 1887)
1990 - Taro Kagawa, Japanese footballer (b. 1922)
1994 - Ken Noritake, Japanese footballer (b. 1922)
1994 – Melina Mercouri, Greek actress and politician (b. 1920)
1997 – Cheddi Jagan, President of Guyana (b. 1918)
1997 – Michael Manley, Prime Minister of Jamaica (b. 1924)
1999 – Isa ibn Salman Al Khalifah, Emir of Bahrain (b. 1933)
2002 - Bryan Fogarty, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1969)
2004 - Frances Dee, American actress (b. 1909)
2005 – Hans Bethe, German physicist (b. 1906)
2006 - King Floyd, American singer-songwriter (b. 1945)
2006 - Dana Reeve, American actress and activist (b. 1961)
2007 – Jean Baudrillard, French theorist and photographer (b. 1929)
2009 - Francis Magalona, Filipino media artist and photographer (b. 1964)
2009 – Susan Tsvangirai, wife of Morgan Tsvangirai (b. 1958)
2011 – Jan Popluhar, Slovakian footballer (b. 1935)
2012 - Francisco Xavier do Amaral, 1st President of East Timor (b. 1937)
2013 - Alvin Lee, British guitarist (b. 1944)
2013 - Stompin' Tom Connors, Canadian country musician (b. 1936)
2014 - Jojon, Indonesian comedian (b. 1947)
2014 - Manlio Sgalambro, Italian philosopher and writer (b. 1924)
2014 - Maurice Faure, French diplomat and politician (b. 1922)
2014 - Sérgio Guerra, Brazilian economist and politician (b. 1947)
2014 - Martin Nesbitt, American politician (b. 1946)
2014 - Frank Jobe, American surgeon (b. 1925)
2014 - Sheila MacRae, English-American actress (b. 1921)
2014 - Ron Murphy, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1933)
2014 - Alemayehu Atomsa, Ethiopian politician (b. 1969)
2015 - Ram Sundar Das, Indian politician, Chief Minister of Bihar (b. 1921)
2015 - Kishore Te, Indian movie editor (b. 1978)
2015 - Fred Craddock, American minister (b. 1928)
2015 - Vasilios Magginas, Greek politician (b. 1949)
2016 - Kalabhavan Mani, Indian actor (b. 1971)
2016 - Nancy Reagan, First Lady of the United States (b. 1921)
2016 - Elizabeth Garrett, American educator (b. 1963)
2016 - Sheila Varian, American horse breeder (b. 1937)
2017 - Bill Hougland, American basketball player and businessman (b. 1930)
2017 - Robert Osborne, American film historian and actor (b. 1932)
2017 - Alberto Zedda, Italian conductor and musicologist (b. 1928)
2017 - Eddy Pauwels, Belgian cyclist (b. 1935)
2017 - Geoffrey Wainwright, British archaeologist (b. 1937)
2018 - Indra Bahadur Rai, Indian writer (b. 1927)
2018 - John Sulston, English biologist, Nobel laureate (b. 1942)
2018 - Peter Nicholls, Australian writer (b. 1939)
2018 - Shammi, Indian actress (b. 1929)
2018 - Peter Freund, Romanian-American physicist (b. 1936)
2019 - John Habgood, English bishop, academic and life peer (b. 1927)
2019 - José Pedro Pérez-Llorca, Spanish lawyer, politician and diplomat (b. 1940)
2019 - Carolee Schneemann, American artist (b. 1939)
Independence Day (Ghana)
Alamo Day (Texas)
Foundation Day (Norfolk Island)
March 06
January 20 - Dwight D. Eisenhower becomes the 34th President of the United States.
January 31 - In the night to February 1, a storm severely floods parts of the Netherlands, Belgium and the United Kingdom.
May 29 – Edmund Hillary and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay become the first humans to reach the top of Mount Everest.
June 2 - Elizabeth II is crowned Queen of the United Kingdom and Commonwealth realms.
June 17 - Uprising in East Germany.
July 27 – Korean War ends
July 29 – the architect Piero Portaluppi and  Gualtiero Galmanini begins in Milano the construction of the Palace d'Este, completed in 1936, a masterpiece of Italian Rationalism.
August 12 - 1953 Ionian earthquake struck the southern Ionian Islands in Greece
The Taito Corporation is founded in Japan
January 9 – Morris Gleitzman, English writer
January 18  - László Simion, Romanian politician Hungarian nationalities UDMR.
January 21 – Paul Allen, American entrepreneur
January 23 - Robin Zander, American singer (Cheap Trick)
January 24 - Matthew Wilder, American singer-songwriter
January 26 - Anders Fogh Rasmussen, former Prime Minister of Denmark and current NATO Secretary-General
February 8 - Mary Steenburgen, American actress
February 11 – Jeb Bush, American politician
February 11 - William Aviv, Jewish actor and politician
February 16 - Loran Bini, Kosovo Christian politician of Bosnian ethnicity
February 19 – Cristina Fernández, President of Argentina
February 25 – Levon Mkrtchyan, Armenian movie director
February 25 - Jose Maria Aznar, former Prime Minister of Spain
February 26 - Michael Bolton, American singer
February 27 - Ian Khama, President of Botswana
February 28 - Paul Krugman, American economist
March 3 - Zico, Brazilian footballer
March 16 – Richard Stallman, Computer programmer and political activist
March 26 – Lincoln Chafee, American politician
April 11 - Guy Verhofstadt, former Prime Minister of Belgium
April 11 - Andrew Wiles, British mathematician
April 20 - Sebastian Faulks, British writer
May 2 - Valery Gergiev, Russian conductor
May 6 – Tony Blair, former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
May 6 - Graeme Souness, Scottish footballer and manager
May 8 - Alex Van Halen, musician (Van Halen)
May 8 - Billy Burnette, American singer and guitarist (Fleetwood Mac)
May 14 - Norodom Sihamoni, King of Cambodia
May 16 - Pierce Brosnan, Irish actor
May 19 - Victoria Wood, British actress and comedienne
May 24 - Alfred Molina, British actor
May 25 – Eve Ensler, American playwright
May 29 – Danny Elfman, American musician (Oingo Boingo)
June 1 - David Berkowitz, American serial killer
June 2 - Keith Allen, English actor and comedian
June 2 - Cornel West, American theologian and activist
June 4 – Linda Lingle, American politician
June 8 - Ivo Sanader, former Prime Minister of Croatia
June 15 - Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Communist Party and President of China
June 21 – Benazir Bhutto, Pakistani politician (d. 2007)
June 22 - Cyndi Lauper, American singer
July 1 - Jadranka Kosor, former Prime Minister of Croatia
July 11 - Leon Spinks, American boxer
July 21 - Jeff Fatt, Australian musician (The Wiggles)
July 29 – Geddy Lee, Canadian musician and singer (Rush)
July 31 – James Read, American actor
August 17 - Herta Mueller, German writer
August 27 – Alex Lifeson, Canadian musician (Rush)
September 2 – John Zorn, American musician
September 3 – Jean-Pierre Jeunet, French director
September 4 - Fatih Terim, Turkish football manager
September 11 - Tommy Shaw, American guitarist (Styx)
September 22 – Ségolène Royal, French politician
October 1 – Klaus Wowereit, German politician
November 14 – Dominique de Villepin, Premier of France
November 14 – Jos Oehlen, Dutch sculptor
November 16 - Griff Rhys-Jones, British actor, comedian and writer
November 26 - Hilary Benn, British politician
November 28 - Alistair Darling, British politician
December 6 - Geoff Hoon, British politician
December 8 - Kim Basinger, American actress
December 9 – John Malkovich, American actor and director
December 13 - Ben Bernanke, American chairman of the Federal Reserve
December 26 - Toomas Hendrik Ilves, President of Estonia
December 28 - Martha Wash, American singer (The Weather Girls)
January 1 – Hank Williams, American musician
January 28 – James Scullin, Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1876)
March 5 – Joseph Stalin, Soviet leader assassinated (b.1878)
March 5 – Sergei Prokofiev, Russian composer (b. 1891)
March 24 - Mary of Teck, Consort of George V of the United Kingdom (b. 1866)
September 28 - Edwin Hubble, American astronomer (b. 1891)
September 29 – Ernst Reuter, German politician (b. 1889)
October 9 – Jimmy Finlayson, Scottish-American actor (b. 1887)
November 9 – Dylan Thomas, Welsh poet (b. 1914)
"Answer Me" – David Whitfield
"Answer Me" – Frankie Laine
"Broken Wings" – The Stargazers
"Don't Let the Stars Get in Your Eyes" – Perry Como
"(How Much is) That Doggie in the Window?" –
Lita Rosa
"I Believe" – Frankie Laine (The biggest song of the year)
"I'm Walking Behind You" – Eddie Fisher and Sally Sweetland
"Let's Walk That A-Way" – Johnnie Ray and Doris Day
"Outside of Heaven" – Eddie Fisher
"She Wears Red Feathers" – Guy Mitchell
Venus de Milo discovered.
Hans Christian Ørsted discovers the relationship between electricity and magnetism.
George III of the United Kingdom (b. 1738)
Daniel Boone (b. 1734)
by Washington Irving
Cannibalism is where a person eats the flesh of another person.
It is also called anthropophagy.
Anthropologists are not sure how widespread it was, but it did happen in some societies.
It also occurs in non-human animals.
The word 'cannibalism' comes from the Island Carib people of the Lesser Antilles.
They got a long-standing reputation as cannibals when their legends were recorded in the 17th century.
Some controversy exists over the accuracy of these legends.
Cannibalism was widespread in the past among humans in many parts of the world, continuing into the 19th century in some isolated South Pacific cultures, and to the present day in parts of tropical Africa.
Cannibalism was certainly practiced in New Guinea and in parts of the Solomon Islands, and flesh markets existed in some parts of Melanesia.
Fiji was once known as the 'Cannibal Isles'.
Cannibalism has been well documented around the world, from Fiji to the Amazon Basin to the Congo Basin to the Māori in New Zealand.
The cannibalism paradigm: assessing contact period ethnohistorical discourse, by James Q. Jacobs.
A critical, academic review of Mesoamerican cannibalism claims.
BBC article about German cannibalism case
Harry J. Brown, 'Hans Staden among the Tupinambas.'
Lyrics and English translation of Mein Teil, the Rammstein song about the Meiwes incident
1176 - Battle of Legnano: The Lombard League defeats Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor.
1328 – Philip VI of France is crowned King.
1453 - Fall of Constantinople: Ottoman armies under Sultan Mehmed II Fatih captures Constantinople after a 53-day siege, ending the Byzantine Empire.
1613 - Heavy flooding in Thuringia kills 2,261 people.
1660 – Charles II becomes King of England, Scotland and Ireland as the monarchy is restored.
1677 - The Treaty of Middle Plantation establishes peace between the Virginia colonists and the local Native Americans.
1717 - The Spanish colonists create the Viceroyalty of New Granada, consisting of present-day Ecuador, Colombia and Venezuela, as well as areas that are now part of Peru and Guyana.
1727 – Peter II becomes Tsar of Russia.
1780 - American Revolutionary War: At the Battle of the Waxhaws, the British continue attacking after the Continentals lay down their arms, killing 113.
1790 – Rhode Island becomes the 13th State of the US.
1798 - United Irishmen Rebellion: Between 300 and 500 United Irishmen are massacred by the British Army in County Kildare, Ireland.
1825 - King Charles X of France crowns himself in Reims.
1848 – Wisconsin becomes the 30th State of the US.
1852 - Operatic singer Jenny Lind leaves New York City after a two-year tour of the United States.
1867 – The Austro-Hungarian compromise establishes the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria becomes King of Hungary on June 8.
1886 – Chemist John Pemberton advertises Coca-Cola in the Atlanta Journal.
1900 - N'Djamena is founded as Fort Lamy by French commander Emile Gentil.
1913 - Igor Stravinsky's ballet score The Rite of Spring receives its first performance in Paris, with a riot later occurring.
1914 – The Ocean liner RMS Empress of Ireland sinks in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence, killing 1,024 people.
1917 – John F. Kennedy is born in Brookline, Massachusetts.
1918 - The current Flag of Finland is introduced.
1918 - Armenia defeats the Ottoman Army in the Battle of Sardarabad.
1919 - Albert Einstein's theory of General Relativity is tested by Arthur Eddington and Andrew Claude de la Cherois.
1931 - Michele Schirru, a US citizen, is executed by an Italian military firing squad for intent to kill Benito Mussolini.
1935 - The Messerschmidt Bf 109 fighter aircraft has its first flight.
1939 - Albanian Fascist leader Tefik Mborja is appointed as member of the Italian Chamber of Fasces and Corporations.
1942 - Bing Crosby, the Ken Darby singers and the John Scott Trotter Orchestra record Irving Berlin's song White Christmas, which later becomes the best-selling Christmas single ever.
1948 - Creation of the UN peacekeeping force, the UN Truce Supervision Organization.
1953 – Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary become the first humans to reach the top of Mount Everest.
1954 - The first of the yearly Bilderberg conferences takes place.
1964 - The Arab League meets in East Jerusalem to discuss the Palestinian question, leading to the formation of the Palestinian Liberation Organization.
1966 - The Azteca Stadium opens in Mexico City and has a capacity of 105,000.
It goes on to host the final of the FIFA World Cup on two occasions, in 1970 and 1986.
1973 – Tom Bradley is elected the first African American Mayor of Los Angeles.
1974 - Yitzhak Rabin replaces Golda Meir as Prime Minister of Israel.
1982 - Falklands War: British forces defeat the Argentines at the Battle of Goose Green.
1982 – Pope John Paul II visits Canterbury cathedral.
1985 – One of Europe's worst ever stadium disasters occurs after a riot at the Heysel Stadium in Brussels, Belgium, in which 39 people are killed.
As a result, English football teams are banned from European Competition - the ban is removed a few years later.
1985 - Amputee Steve Fonyo completes a cross-Canada marathon in Victoria, British Columbia, after 14 months.
1986 - The current 12-star Flag of the European Union is first raised in Brussels.
1988 - US President Ronald Reagan begins his first official visit to the Soviet Union, to meet with Mikhail Gorbachev.
1990 - The Russian parliament elects Boris Yeltsin as President of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.
1994 – East Germany's former leader Erich Honecker dies in Santiago, Chile, at the age of 81.
1999 – Olusegun Obasanjo becomes President of Nigeria.
1999 – The Space Shuttle Discovery completes its first docking with the International Space Station.
2004 - The US National World War II Memorial is unveiled in Washington, DC.
2005 – In a referendum, 54.8% of voters in France reject the proposed new European Constitution.
Voters in the Netherlands also reject the Constitution by a majority a few days later.
2008 - 30 people are injured by a magnitude 6.1 earthquake in Selfoss, Iceland.
2010 – Tropical storm Agatha kills 180 people in Guatemala.
During the storm, a large sinkhole opens up in the middle of Guatemala City.
2010 – Lena Meyer-Landrut of Germany wins the 55th Eurovision Song Contest in Oslo, Norway, with the song "Satellite".
2012 - A magnitude 5.8 earthquake hits Northern Italy near Bologna, killing at least 24 people.
2012 - Mitt Romney secures the Republican Party nomination for the US Presidential election, in which he is defeated by incumbent Barack Obama on November 6.
2013 - The first same-sex marriage in France takes place.
2015 - Muhammadu Buhari takes office as President of Nigeria.
2015 - Sepp Blatter is controversially re-elected President of FIFA in a week of scandal at football's world governing body.
He announces his resignation four days later.
2018 - 2018 Liège attack: A gunman kills 3 people (including two female police officers) in the Belgian city of Liège before being killed by police.
2018 - Russian journalist Arkady Babchenko is initially reported to have been shot dead, but appears alive at a press conference the following day; the Ukrainian secret services say they had faked his murder to prevent an attempt on his life.
2018 - US TV network ABC cancels the recently returned show Roseanne after a row erupts over its main star Roseanne Barr's Twitter comments.
1265 – Dante Alighieri, Italian poet (d. 1321)
1439 - Pope Pius III (d. 1503)
1594 - Gottfried Heinrich Graf zu Pappenheim, Bavarian field marshal (d. 1632)
1627 - Anne Marie Louise d'Orléans, Duchess of Montpensier, French aristocrat (d. 1693)
1630 – Charles II, King of England, Ireland and Scotland (d. 1685)
1675 - Humphry Ditton, English mathematician (d. 1715)
1716 - Louis-Jean-Marie Daubenton, French botanist (d. 1800)
1736 – Patrick Henry, 1st Governor of Virginia (d. 1799)
1773 – Princess Sophia of Gloucester (d. 1844)
1780 - Henri Braconnot, French chemist and pharmacist (d. 1855)
1794 - Johann Heinrich von Madler, German astronomer (d. 1874)
1823 - John H. Balsley, American carpenter and inventor (d. 1895)
1830 - Louise Michel, French author and anarchist (d. 1905)
1860 – Isaac Albéniz, Spanish composer (d. 1909)
1868 - Abdülmecid II, last Caliph of the Ottoman Dynasty (d. 1944)
1871 - Clark Greenwood Voorhees, American painter (d. 1933)
1873 - Rudolf Tobias, Estonian composer (d. 1918)
1874 – G. K. Chesterton, English novelist (d. 1936)
1880 – Oswald Spengler, German philosopher (d. 1936)
1892 - Alfonsina Storni, Swiss-Argentine poet (d. 1938)
1893 - Max Brand, American author (d. 1944)
1894 - Beatrice Lillie, Canadian actress (d. 1989)
1894 - Josef von Sternberg, Austrian-American director, producer and screenwriter (d. 1969)
1897 - Erich Wolfgang Korngold, Austrian composer (d. 1957)
1899 - Douglas Abbott, Canadian politician (d. 1987)
1903 – Bob Hope, British-born American comedian and actor (d. 2003)
1904 – Gregg Toland, American cameraman (d. 1948)
1905 – Sebastian Shaw, English actor, director and playwright (d. 1994)
1906 – T. H. White, English writer (d. 1964)
1911 – Armida, Mexican-American actress, singer and dancer (d. 1989)
1914 – Stacy Keach, Sr.,
American actor (d. 2003)
1914 – Sherpa Tenzing Norgay, Nepalese mountain guide, reached the top of Mount Everest with Edmund Hillary (d. 1986)
1917 – John Fitzgerald Kennedy, 35th President of the United States (d. 1963)
1919 – Jacques Genest, Canadian physician
1920 – John Harsanyi, Hungarian-born economist (d. 2000)
1923 – Bernard Clavel, French writer (d. 2010)
1924 – Lars Bo, Danish author and artist (d. 1999)
1924 – Behjat Sadr, Iranian painter (d. 2009)
1926 – Katie Boyle, British actress and television presenter (d. 2018)
1926 – Charles Denner, French actor (d. 1995)
1926 – Abdoulaye Wade, former President of Senegal
1928 – Jacques Taminiaux, Belgian philosopher
1929 – Peter Higgs, British physicist (Higgs boson) and Nobel Prize in Physics winner
1929 – Harry Frankfurt, American philosopher
1932 – Richie Guerin, American basketball player
1932 – Paul R. Ehrlich, American biologist and writer
1933 – Helmuth Rilling, German choral conductor and teacher
1934 – Bill Vander Zalm, Dutch-Canadian politician, 28th Premier of British Columbia
1935 – André Brink, South African writer (d. 2015)
1937 – Jasper Griffin, English classical philologist
1937 – Hibari Misora, Japanese actress (d. 1989)
1937 – Alwin Schockemöhle, German showjumper
1938 – Christopher Bland, British businessman and politician (d. 2017)
1939 – Al Unser, American racing driver
1940 – Farooq Leghari, President of Pakistan (d. 2010)
1940 – Taiho Koki, Japanese sumo wrestler (d. 2013)
1941 – Doug Scott, English mountaineer
1941 – Bob Simon, American television correspondent (d. 2015)
1942 – Pierre Bourque, Canadian politician, 40th Mayor of Montreal
1942 – Kevin Conway, American actor
1944 – Bob Benmosche, American businessman (d. 2015)
1944 – Maurice Bishop, Prime Minister of Grenada (d. 1983)
1944 – Quentin Davies, Baron Davies of Stamford, English politician
1945 – Gary Brooker, English singer-songwriter and pianist
1945 – Peter Fraser, Baron Fraser of Carmyllie, Scottish politician (d. 2013)
1945 – Catherine Lara, French singer-songwriter and violinist
1947 – Anthony Geary, American actor
1947 – Joey Levine, American singer-songwriter and producer
1947 – Gene Robinson, American bishop
1947 – Constantino Romero, Spanish radio host and actor (d. 2013)
1948 – Nick Mancuso, Italian-Canadian actor
1949 – Robert Axelrod, American actor
1949 – Francis Rossi, English musician (Status Quo)
1950 – Rebbie Jackson, American singer
1951 - Peter Chernin, President of News Corporation
1952 - Zeituni Onyango, Kenyan-American computer programmer (d. 2014)
1953 - Aleksandr Abdulov, Russian actor and director (d. 2008)
1953 – Danny Elfman, American singer, composer, musician ("Oingo Boingo")
1955 - Carme Forcadell, Catalan politician
1955 - Gordon Rintoul, Director of the National Museums of Scotland
1955 - Mike Porcaro, American musician (Toto) (d. 2015)
1955 – John Hinckley, Jr., American attempted assassin
1956 – La Toya Jackson, American singer
1956 - Mark Lyall Grant, English diplomat, UK Ambassador to the United Nations
1956 - Bjarni Fridriksson, Icelandic judoka
1957 - Ted Levine, American actor
1958 - Karen Maruyama, Japanese-American actress
1958 - Mike Stenhouse, American baseball player
1958 - Wayne Duvall, American actor
1958 – Annette Bening, American actress
1959 – Rupert Everett, English actor
1959 - Steve Hanley, Irish-English bass player and songwriter
1961 - Melissa Etheridge, American singer-songwriter, guitarist and activist
1962 - Fandi Ahmad, Singaporean footballer, coach and manager
1962 - Carol Kirkwood, Scottish weather presenter
1962 - Semino Rossi, Argentine-Italian singer
1963 - Blaze Bayley, English singer-songwriter (Iron Maiden)
1967 – Noel Gallagher, English musician (Oasis)
1970 - Roberto Di Matteo, Italian footballer and manager
1971 - Rob Womack, British paralympic athlete
1972 - Stanislas, French singer-songwriter
1972 - Bill Curley, American basketball player
1972 - Simon Jones, British singer and bass player
1975 – Melanie Brown, English singer (Spice Girls)
1975 - Sarah Millican, English comedienne
1976 - Yegor Titov, Russian footballer
1977 – Massimo Ambrosini, Italian footballer
1977 – Marco Cassetti, Italian footballer
1977 - Antonio Lebo Lebo, Angolan footballer
1978 - Pelle Almqvist, Swedish singer-songwriter and bass player (The Hives)
1978 – Sébastien Grosjean, French tennis player
1978 - Lorenzo Odone, Italian Adrenoleukodystrophy patient (d. 2008)
1978 - Adam Rickitt, English singer and actor
1979 – Arne Friedrich, German footballer
1979 - Brian Kendrick, American professional wrestler
1979 - Fonseca, Colombian singer
1981 – Andrei Arshavin, Russian footballer
1982 - Ana Beatriz Barros, Brazilian model
1982 - Joanne Borgella, American singer and model (d. 2014)
1982 – Anita Briem, Icelandic actress
1982 - Bjarte Myrhol, Norwegian handball player
1983 - Jean Makoun, Cameroonian footballer
1984 – Carmelo Anthony, American NBA basketball player
1985 - Hernanes, Brazilian footballer
1986 - Hornswoggle, American professional wrestler
1987 - Alessandra Torresani, American actress
1988 - Cheng Fei, Chinese gymnast
1988 - Steve Mason, Canadian ice hockey goaltender
1988 - Muath Al-Kasasbeh, Jordanian air force pilot (d. 2015)
1989 - Riley Keough, American model and actress
1989 - Brandon Mychal Smith, American actor, singer and dancer
1992 - Gregg Sulkin, British actor
1998 - Lucia Gil, Spanish singer and actress
1259 – King Christopher I of Denmark (b. 1219)
1379 - Henry II of Castile (b. 1334)
1425 – Hongxi Emperor of China (b. 1378)
1453 - Constantine XI Palaiologus, Byzantine Emperor (b. 1404)
1500 - Bartolomeu Dias, Portuguese explorer (b. 1451)
1546 - David Beaton, Scottish cardinal and politician (b. 1494)
1814 – Josephine de Beauharnais, Empress of France (b. 1763)
1829 – Humphrey Davy, British chemist (b. 1778)
1866 – Winfield Scott, American general (b. 1786)
1868 – Michael Obrenovich III of Serbia (b. 1823)
1883 - Princess Marianne of the Netherlands (b. 1810)
1892 – Baha'u'llah, founder of the Baha'i religion (b. 1817)
1903 - Bruce Price, American architect (b. 1845)
1910 - Mily Balakirev, Russian pianist, composer and conductor (b. 1837)
1911 - W. S. Gilbert, English playwright and poet (b. 1836)
1919 – Robert Bacon, 39th United States Secretary of State (b. 1860)
1931 - Michele Schirru, US citizen executed by an Italian military firing squad
1935 - Josef Suk, Czech violinist and composer (b. 1874)
1939 - Ursula Ledochowska, Austrian-Polish nun and saint (b. 1865)
1942 - John Barrymore, American actor (b. 1882)
1948 - May Whitty, English actress (b. 1865)
1951  2010
1951 – Fanny Brice, American singer and comedienne (b. 1891)
1958 – Juan Ramon Jimenez, Spanish writer (b. 1881)
1972 - Prithviraj Kapoor, Indian actor (b. 1901)
1973 - P. Ramlee, Malaysian actor, director, producer and composer (b. 1929)
1973 - George Harriman, English rugby player and Managing Director (b. 1908)
1977 - Ba Maw, Prime Minister of Burma (b. 1893)
1979 – Mary Pickford, Canadian-born actress (b. 1892)
1982 – Romy Schneider, Austrian-French actress (b. 1938)
1987 - Charan Singh, 5th Prime Minister of India (b. 1902)
1988 - Siaka Stevens, President of Sierra Leone (b. 1905)
1989 - John Cipollina, American guitarist (b. 1943)
1994 – Erich Honecker, East German political leader (b. 1913)
1996 - Tamara Toumanova, Russian-American ballerina and actress (b. 1919)
1997 – Jeff Buckley, American musician (b. 1966)
1998 – Barry Goldwater, United States Senator (b. 1909)
2004 - Archibald Cox, American lawyer and politician (b. 1912)
2008 – Luc Bourdon, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1987)
2009 – Karine Ruby, French snowboarder (b. 1978)
2010 – Dennis Hopper, American actor (b. 1936)
2011 – Sergei Bagapsh, President of Abkhazia (b. 1949)
2011 – Ferenc Madl, President of Hungary (b. 1931)
2011 - Bill Clements, 42nd Governor of Texas (b. 1917)
2012 - Kaneto Shindo, Japanese director, producer and screenwriter (b. 1912)
2012 - Doc Watson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1923)
2013 - Mulgrew Miller, American pianist (b. 1955)
2013 - Franca Rame, Italian actress (b. 1929)
2014 - Karlheinz Böhm, Austrian-German actor (b. 1928)
2014 - Walter Jakob Gehring, Swiss developmental biologist (b. 1939)
2014 - Christine Charbonneau, Canadian singer and songwriter (b. 1943)
2015 - Bruno Pesaola, Italian footballer (b. 1925)
2015 - Ed Gilligan, American financial executive, President of American Express (b. 1960)
2015 - Doris Hart, American tennis player (b. 1925)
2015 - Betsy Palmer, American actress (b. 1926)
2016 - Ralph Ketner, American businessman (b. 1920)
2016 - T. Marshall Hahn, American academic administrator (b. 1926)
2016 - Don McNay, American financial author and columnist (b. 1959)
2017 - Konstantinos Mitsotakis, Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1918)
2017 - Manuel Noriega, Panamanian military leader (b. 1934)
2017 - Mordechai Tzipori, Israeli general and politician (b. 1924)
2017 - Michael A'Hearn, American astronomer (b. 1940)
2018 - Yoseph Imry, Israeli physicist (b. 1939)
Democracy Day (Nigeria)
International UN Peacekeepers Day
Oak Apple Day (England)
Statehood Day (Rhode Island and Wisconsin)
Halloween is a celebration on the night of October 31st.
It is most practiced in the United States and Canada.
Children wear costumes and go to people's homes saying "Trick or treat!"