the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
Sybaris - In "The Titan's Curse," Atlas used her teeth to create Skeletons.
Talos - Talos is a giant automaton.
Percy, Thalia, and Bianca fight a prototype of Talos in the Junkyard of the Gods.
Apparently, he has a manhole at the base of his foot for 'servicing'.
Bianca went in to mess up his circuit so they could beat him.
He fell on some power lines thus electrocuting Bianca.
Telekhines - Dog-faced sea demons that reforged Kronos's blade in the fourth book.
In the fourth book, they are referred to as "telekhines", however in the fifth book, they are referred to as "telkhines", without the second "e".
Trojan Sea Monster - In "The Lost Hero," Aeolus mentioned that Jason once slayed this monster.
Typhon - A very powerful monster.
In The Last Olympian, he awakes and moves across America and destroys everything in his path.
Due to him being concealed in mist, Typhon's appearance is not described and appears as a freak storm.
The gods of Olympus try to stop him, but he is too powerful.
In the end, Poseidon and his army help defeat him where Poseidon opened up a tunnel that sent Typhon into Tartarus.
Once Typhon was defeated, a wave of Venti were born.
Venti - A race of storm spirits that were born when Poseidon opened a tunnel that sent Typhon into Tartarus.
Depending on how chaotic they are, Venti can appear as either smokey men with angel-like wings or smokey horse.
Werewolf - A werewolf is a creature that is part man, part wolf.
In "The Lost Hero," King Lycaon led a pack of werewolves to kill Leo and Piper.
Most of the werewolves were defeated by the Hunters of Artemis.
Wood Nymph - Wood Nymphs are a type of Nymphs that are associated with specific lands.
Juniper - Juniper is a tree nymph.
She is Grover Underwood's girlfriend, and in "The Battle of the Labyrinth", she informs Percy that she has seen Luke Castellan using the entrance to the Labyrinth and that she has also seen Quintus/Daedalus using the entrance to the Labyrinth.
Darrin - One of the many people in the Lotus Casino.
Gabriel "Gabe" Ugliano - Known as "Smelly Gabe," he was Percy's stepfather.
In appearance, he is heavy and bald, wearing thrift store clothes often.
He managed the Electronics Mega-Mart in Queens as an occupation.
As Percy described him in The Lightning Thief, he "was nice the first thirty seconds we knew him, then showed his true colors as a world-class jerk."
Supposedly he can easily guess how much money a person has.
He smelled so "repulsively human" that his smell hid Percy's demigod scent from monsters.
If she had not married him, monsters would have found Percy sooner.
May Castellan - Luke's mother who attempted to become the Oracle.
Since Hades's power prevented her from taking it, she was driven crazy and instead received small glimpses of her son's terrible future.
She made huge amounts of sandwiches, burnt cookies, and Kool-Aid for Luke, believing that someday he would return home.
She also gave him a blessing to receive the curse of Achilles.
It was shown that she had numerous clippings of Hermes from advertisements and many beanbag monsters sitting in the house and on the front lawn.
Dr. Frederick Chase - Annabeth's father.
He first appears in The Titan's Curse.
He allows Percy, Thalia and Zoë to borrow his car to drive to Mount Tamalpais (Mount Othrys).
Annabeth's father is a professor of military history.
During The Titan's Curse, he was studying the Third Battle of Ypres.
He owns a Sopwith Camel.
He and his daughter had a lot of disagreements in the past, which is why she ran away home when she was seven years old.
He lives in San Francisco with his wife and two sons, Bobby and Matthew.
In The Titan's Curse, he battles the monsters on the Princess Andromeda with bullets melded with celestial bronze.
Mrs. Dare - Rachel's mother.
Paul "Blowfish" Blofis - Sally Jackson's boyfriend and later husband, and thus Percy's stepfather.
Paul turns out to be an excellent swordsman due to the fact that he was a Shakespearian actor in college and assists in the fight to save Olympus in The Last Olympian.
He asks Percy for permission before proposing to Percy's mother.
Preacher - A preacher who raised money supposedly for orphans and spent it instead on his mansion until he was caught by the police.
He was carried off to the Fields of Punishment by some wisecracks in the Greek Underworld.
Rachel Elizabeth Dare - A clear-sighted mortal girl who is able to see through the Mist.
Rachel goes to the same school as Percy in "The Battle of the Labyrinth," realizing that the cheerleaders are actually empousai.
In The Battle of the Labyrinth, she aids Annabeth and Percy by guiding them through the labyrinth to Daedalus's workshop.
From there she, Percy, Annabeth, and Nico escape, only to enter again to locate Grover and Tyson.
In The Last Olympian, she begins having strange visions and becomes the new Oracle of Delphi after Hades's curse is lifted, under the guidance of Chiron and Apollo.
Her first act as the Oracle is to deliver the Great Prophecy of the next generation of heroes.
Sally Jackson - The daughter of Jim and Laura Jackson.
She is the mother of Percy and she was married to "Smelly" Gabe."
She then turned him to stone with the head of Medusa, and married Paul Blofis in the fifth book.
In the third book, Percy guesses that Sally can see through the Mist and he believes that this was probably the reason Poseidon took interest in her.
In the first book, she was thought to be killed by the Minotaur.
Later on, it was discovered that she survived and that she was still alive in the clutches of Hades.
She was freed once Percy gave the Helm of Darkness (which was also stolen by Luke) to the Furies.
William Dare - He is Rachel Elizabeth Dare's father, who first appears in The Last Olympian.
He said that he and her mother had really been looking forward to the vacation, but, according to Rachel, they both hate the beach, and are just too stubborn to admit it.
He supported Rachel's going to finishing school.
Percy is one of the few demigods whose last name does not reflect his godly parent, though his first name does.
Many of the campers at Camp Half-Blood have last names that consist of a traditional role or trait of their parent.
Other last names are often commonplace: Rodriguez, Nakamura.
Percy Jackson: "Percy" is a nickname for Perseus, Percy's real name, who was a son of Zeus.
Percy's godly parent is Poseidon.
Annabeth Chase Jackson: "Annabeth" is an anagram of Athena with a couple of extra letters.
Also, "Chase" is a near homonym to "Chaste".
Daughter of Athena.
And finally our favorite ship.
Clarisse La Rue: "Clarisse" is an anagram of Ares with extra letters.
Also, to rue is to regret something.
Grover Underwood: Without the suffix "r" Grover's name is "Grove" referring to The Wild.
Also, Underwood contains the word "wood" referring to trees.
He is a Satyr, worshipper of Pan, the god of The Wild.
Bianca and Nico di Angelo: "d'Angelo" means "of the angels", referring to death.
Children of Hades.
Their first names are versions of the sibling goddesses Bia and Nike.
Connor and Travis Stoll: Homonym to "stole".
Hermes is the god of thieves.
Children of Hermes.
Percy himself pointed this out but neither of the Stoll brothers understood the joke.
As well, Con, shortened from Connor, is another word for scam or trickery, as Hermes is the god of trickery.
Travis can be seen connected to the word travel, and Hermes is also the god of travelers.
Jake Mason: A mason works with stone.
Son of Hephaestus.
Katie Gardner: alternate spelling of "gardener".
Daughter of Demeter.
Pollux and Castor (Last name never revealed): Pollux is the name of a demigod son of Zeus.
Castor was the name of this demigod's twin brother (but, he was the son of their mortal father).
In the Myth, Castor died, foreshadowing his death in the book.
Twins of Dionysus.
Charles Beckendorf: Char is another word for burn.
Son of Hephaestus, god of fire.
Lee Fletcher: to "fletch" is to add feathers to an arrow.
Son of Apollo.
And it may, also, be a reference to Lee Adama, a character from the TV series Battlestar Galactica, who was known by Captain Apollo.
Michael Yew: yew is a type of wood used to make longbows.
Also a son of Apollo.
Silena Beauregard: literally, "beauregard" means "good to look at" in French, the language of love.
Daughter of Aphrodite.
Will Solace: The prefix "Sol" is the Roman name for Helios, also "sol" often refers to the Sun, and Apollo drives the sun chariot.
Solace also means comfort or consolation during a time of sadness.
Since Apollo is the god of medicine, and since people are distressed when in pain, this is an appropriate name.
Thalia Grace: In mythology Thalia is the name of one of the Charites, also called the Graces.
Daughter of Zeus.
Leo Valdez: "Leo" is the Greek word for "lion", but it could refer to Leonardo da Vinci, an inventor and artist, among other things.
Son of Hephaestus, god of technology, craftsmen, artisans, etc.
Piper McLean: In The Lost Hero, Piper reveals that her Grandpa Tom named her Piper because she had a beautiful voice even as a baby.
The name Piper means "pipe player".
The beautiful voice might be a reference to the fact that she has the Charmspeaking ability, the ability to persuade someone to do things, a power few children of Aphrodite have.
Daughter of Aphrodite, goddess of love and beauty.
Jason Grace: To appease Hera, Zeus named Jason after Hera's favorite hero, Jason, the leader of the Argonauts.
Son of Jupiter(Zeus), Champion of Juno(Hera).
Frank Zhang: Zhang, in Chinese, means, "drawing a bow", a weapon.
Son of Mars (Ares).
Hazel Levesque: Levesque means "bishop", who at normally related to choosing whether you go to heaven or hell.
Daughter of Pluto (Hades).
Camp Half-Blood
Valeria Lvovna Kudryavtseva  (born on 19 May 1961) is a Russian television presenter, actress, singer and dancer.
Valeria was married to musician Sergei Linyuk since 1990 until 1992.
They has one child, son Zhan Linyuk (b.1990).<ref=autogenerated4></ref>
She in relationship with musician Sergei Lazarev since 2008.
She was pregnant from Sergei, but she had a miscarriage in July 2011.
Lindsay Greenbush and Sidney Greenbush were born on May 25, 1970 in Hollywood, California.
They are twins and when they were children, they were actresses.
Their most known television series is Little House on the Prairie, where they together played Carrie Ingalls.
It all happened in the 1970s.
Later, they tried to go on acting but finally decided not to.
Brenda Turnbaugh and Wendi Turnbaugh (b. August 13, 1977, in Los Angeles, California) are former American actresses.
During the 1970s, they both played the character, Grace Ingalls on the television series Little House on the Prairie.
Michele Steffin and Jennifer Steffin were born on March 23, 1981 in West Covina, California.
They are twins.
When they were children, they were actresses.
On the television series Little House on the Prairie they both played Rose Wilder.
It happened in the early 1980s.
In 1986 they played Hope Hazard on North and South television miniseries.
Aemilianus was born around 207 or around 214.
The Epitome de Caesaribus (a Latin history) and Zonaras (a Greek historian) say that Aemilianus was born at this time and at Djerba, an island in the Mediterranean Sea near Africa, part of the Roman Empire.
Aemilianus was a senator and was a Roman consul, either in 252 or 253.
He was also governor () for the Roman province of Moesia Superior.
The Roman army made Aemilianus emperor in Moesia in July or August 253.
The Roman Senate agreed that Aemilianus was emperor after the emperor Trebonianus Gallus died in August 253.
After defeating the Goths (a barbarian tribe) in modern-day Bulgaria, his soldiers proclaimed him as an emperor instead of Trebonianus Gallus, the emperor at the time.
After defeating Gallus in battle at Interamna (Northern Italy), he captured the capital city of the empire, Rome.
When the governor of Roman Germany, Valerianus, arrived in Italy bringing troops to help Trebonianus Gallus, Aemilianus's own troops killed Aemilianus.
They did not want a civil war and Valerian had a bigger army than Aemilianus.
Aemilianus's wife was Cornelia Supera.
She became augusta (empress) in around August 253.
Cornelia Supera may have died in September or October 253, at which time the soldiers killed Aemilianus.
2nd-century births
253 deaths
Afghanistan at the Olympics is a history which includes 13 games in 12 countries and 100+ athletes.
Since 1936, Afghanistan has contributed to the growth of the "Olympic Movement".
The Afghanistan National Olympic Committee was formed in 1935.
In the 2004 Summer Olympics two women, Robina Muqim Yaar and Friba Razayee, were the first women to compete for Afghanistan at the Olympics.
Mehboba Ahdyar, a woman in the 2008 Summer Olympics had death threats because of her plan to be in the Games.
Afghanistan National Olympic Committee
Afghan Sports History
Afghanistan profile at London2012.com
Afghan society and culture
A hypodermic needle is a hollow steel tube that is sharpened into a needle so it can be jabbed (inserted) into somebody's body.
After it is in, medicine is pushed through the steel needle.
The name "hypodermic" comes from two Greek words meaning "below skin".
Operant conditioning is a form of learning.
In it, an individual changes its behaviour because of the consequences (results) of the behaviour.
The person or animal learns its behaviour has a consequence.
That consequence may be
Reinforcement: a positive or rewarding event.
This causes the behaviour to occur more often
Punishment: a negative or punishing event.
This causes the behaviour to occur less often
Extinction: no event follows, so the behaviour has no consequences.
When a behaviour has no consequences, it will occur less frequently.
There are four different contexts in operant conditioning.
Here, the terms 'positive' and 'negative' are not used in their basic sense; positive means that something is added, and negative means something is taken away:
Positive reinforcement (often just "reinforcement") occurs when there is a reward for a form of behaviour.
This will increase the frequency at which the behaviour occurs.
In the Skinner box experiment, the reward is in the form of food when the rat presses a lever.
Negative reinforcement (sometimes "escape") occurs when an aversive stimulus is removed.
In the Skinner box experiment, there was a loud noise, which was removed when the rat pressed the lever.
Positive punishment occurs when a stimulus is added, which results in the behaviour occurring less often.
Example stimuli may be loud noise, electric shock (rat), or a spanking (child).
Negative punishment occurs when a stimulus is taken away, which results in the behaviour occurring less often.
An example might be a child's toy taken away after the child does an undesired behaviour.
Operant conditioning is different from Pavlov's classical conditioning.
Operant conditioning deals with the voluntary modification of behaviour; classical conditioning with training a reflex.
Thorndike's law of effect
Operant conditioning, sometimes called instrumental learning, was first studied by Edward L. Thorndike (1874–1949).
He observed the behavior of cats trying to escape from home-made puzzle boxes.
When first put in the boxes, cats took a long time to escape.
With experience, successful responses occurred more frequently, enabling the cats to escape in less time.
In his law of effect, Thorndike theorized that behaviours followed by satisfying consequences tend to be repeated, and those that produce unpleasant consequences are less likely to be repeated.
In short, some consequences strengthened behavior and some consequences weakened behavior.
Thorndike produced the first known learning curves by this procedure.
B.F. Skinner (1904–1990) worked out a more detailed analysis of operant conditioning.
Skinner invented the operant conditioning chamber which let him measure rate of response as a key dependent variable.
He used a record of lever presses or key pecks.
Discrimination, generalization and the importance of context.
Learning takes place in contexts.
Most behaviour is under stimulus control: a particular response only occurs when an appropriate stimulus is present.
Stimulus control is effective even if the stimulus has no meaning to the respondent.
Extinction: operant behaviour undergoes extinction when the reinforcement stops.
The reinforcements only occur when the proper response has been made, and may not occur even then.
Behaviours do not weaken and extinguish because of this.
Results depend partly on how often reinforcement is received.
Schedules of reinforcement: the timing of the reinforcements is crucial.
Fixed interval schedule: reinforcers are presented at fixed time periods, provided that the appropriate response is made.
Variable interval schedule: a behaviour is reinforced based on an average time that has expired since the last reinforcement.
Ratio schedules:  based on the ratio of responses to reinforcements.
Fixed interval schedule: reinforcement is delivered after a specific number of responses have been made.
The special case of presenting reinforcement after each response is called continuous reinforcement.
Variable interval schedule: the delivery reinforcement is based on a particular average number of responses.
ru:Прикладной анализ поведения#Оперантное научение (обусловливание)
Atrax is a genus of spiders.
They have very strong venom.
These spiders aggressively defend their territory and chase off attackers who may scare them by making a threat display.
Next they will bite.
The fastest death occurred in 1927 when a young boy died within fifteen minutes of being bitten.
Thirteen deaths were recorded in the fifty years before antivenom was invented for this spider's bite.
In English they are sometimes called Sydney Funnel Web spiders because they come from around that part of Australia.
Under the heading "spiders" (Aranae) there are three main groups.
One is so very old that only a few species still live on earth.
Another is the group that includes the spiders that can be seen making webs or chasing prey almost everywhere in the world.
The third group includes the tarantulas and a few other kinds of spiders.
The Atrax spiders belong to this third group.
There are also species called "funnel-web spiders" that belong to the second group mentioned above.
So they are not close relatives of Atrax, and they are not dangerous.
They just have a similar way of making a funnel-shaped web that leads down to some kind of shelter where the spider hides in wait for some insect to eat.
Atrax is a very large and very aggressive spider, and these other spiders are from small to medium size and are extremely timid.
Bahrain has been in 6 Summer Olympic Games.
Bahrain won their first Olympic medal in the 2012 Summer Olympics.
Maryam Yusuf Jamal won a bronze in the women's 1500m run.
Rashid Ramzi won the gold medal in the men's 1,500 meters.
Because he used drugs, the IOC took the medal away.
Bahrain profile at London2012.com
Bangladesh has been in seven Summer Olympic Games.
No Bangladeshi competitor has qualified for the Olympics; the country sends representatives to the Games thanks to the wildcard process.
Bangladesh is the most populous country in the world to have never won an Olympic medal.
They have had 27 participants in 3 sports.
Bangladesh profile at London2012.com
Sport in Bangladesh
Hot wings are pieces of chicken that are fried and cooked, then smothered in sauce.
Hot wings can vary in how hot they are, from being mild to very spicy.
They are sometimes called Buffalo Wings because they originated from Buffalo, New York.
A threat display is anything that an animal does to scare away other animals.
A dog will bare its teeth and growl.
A cat will hiss.
A snake will coil up, raise its head, and move back and forth to point itself at any big animal that approaches it.
Many animals have threat displays that make them look bigger.
A lion's mane will stand up, making it look much larger and more powerful.
Humans may raise both hands, spread wide, above their heads.
Bears will stand on their hind legs, raise their front legs, and show their teeth while growling.
Bhutan has been in the Summer Olympic Games since 1984.
Bhutan has only been in Archery, which is the national sport of Bhutan.
They have never won an Olympic Medal.
Bhutan profile at London2012.com
Brunei, as Brunei Darussalam, was first at the Olympic Games in 1988, with a single official but no athletes.
The nation was in the Summer Olympic Games in 1996, 2000 and 2004.
Each time it was represented by a single athlete.
Brunei has never been in the Winter Olympic Games.
As of 2010 Brunei, along with Saudi Arabia and Qatar, was one of only three countries to have never sent a female athlete to the Olympic Games.
The International Olympic Committee in 2010 announced it would "press" these countries to allow women's participation.
Brunei Darussalam profile at London2012.com
Cambodia at the Olympics is a history which includes 8 games in 8 countries and 40+ athletes.
Since 1983, athletes of Cambodia have been part of the "Olympic Movement".
The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Cambodia is CAM.
In 1964, it was CAB.
National Olympic Committee of Cambodia website
Cambodia profile at London2012.com
An antivenom is a medicine used to protect against a specific venom. (
A venom is a poison released by a snake or insect.)
Frequently the venom of some creature such as a cobra will be harvested and a little will be injected using a hypodermic needle into a horse every day for a long time.
The horse's body will develop an immunity to the venom, so more and more venom from the snake can be injected every day.
After the horse is immune, its blood can be drawn little by little to get the part of the blood that makes the horse immune.
That part can then be injected into humans who have been bitten by cobras.
The People's Republic of China (PRC) was  first at the 1952 Summer Olympics.
That year, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) let both the PRC and the Republic of China (which recently moved to Taiwan after the Chinese Civil War) compete.
The Republic of China withdrew in protest.
Because of the political status of China, the PRC was not in the Olympics again until 1980.
The Chinese Olympic Committee was formed in 1910 and recognized in 1979.
Before the Chinese Civil War, athletes competed as the Republic of China (ROC) at the Olympics.
In 1979, the International Olympic Committee passed a resolution for the ROC team to be called Chinese Taipei, and this opened the door for the PRC to finally join the Olympic movement.
Hong Kong has had a distinct National Olympic Committee since 1950 and has been at the Games since 1952.
After the territory returned to the PRC this has continued, with Hong Kong separate from the rest of the nation under the name Hong Kong, China.
First medal : Xu Haifeng, 1984
First gold medal : Xu Haifeng, 1984
Most medals :
Li Ning, 1984 (6)
Guo Jingjing, 2000-2008 (6)
Most gold medals :
Guo Jingjing, 2004-2008 (4)
Fu Mingxia, 1992-2000 (4)
Wang Nan, 2000-2008 (4)
Li Xiaopeng, 2000-2008 (4)
Deng Yaping, 1992-1996 (4)
Zhang Yining, 2004-2008 (4)
First medal: Ye Qiaobo, 1992
First gold medal : Yang Yang (A), 2002
Most medals:
Wang Meng, 2006-2010 (6)
Yang Yang (A), 1998-2006 (5)
Yang Yang (S), 1998-2002 (5)
Most gold medals:
Wang Meng, 2006-2010 (4)
Most gold medals at one Olympics:
Wang Meng, 2010 (3)
Flagbearer
People's Republic of China profile at London2012.com
People's Republic of China at Olympic.org
Sport in China
A mutagen is a substance or a process that changes the genetic material of an organism.
Mutagens also increase the number of mutations that occur.
Many mutagens also cause cancer, so they are also carcinogens.
Examples of mutagens are ionizing radiation, many bromine compounds, benzene.
A test to detect mutagens is the Ames test.
The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Hong Kong was HOK.
It is now HKG.
Hong Kong was first at the Olympic Games in 1952, then as a British colony.
Hong Kong has been at every Summer Olympic Games since then except for the boycotted 1980 Summer Olympics.
They have also been in the Winter Olympic Games since 2002.
The National Olympic Committee (NOC) for Hong Kong was formed in 1950 as the Amateur Sports Federation and Olympic Committee of Hong Kong, and is now known as the Sports Federation and Olympic Committee of Hong Kong, China.
After the sovereignty of Hong Kong was passed to the People's Republic of China in 1997, the NOC has been named Hong Kong, China.
Hong Kong is separate at the Olympics by its own choice.
Hong Kong profile at London2012.com
India at the Olympics is a history which includes 32 games in 19 countries and 800+ athletes.
Since 1900, India has contributed to the growth of the "Olympic Movement".
The Indian National Olympic Committee was formed in 1927.
It was recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1927.
For a period of time, India's men's field hockey team was strong in Olympic competition.
The team won eleven medals in twelve Olympiads between 1928 and 1980.
Indian Olympic Association
India profile at London2012.com
Sport in India
Indonesia was first at the Olympic Games in 1952.
They have been in every Summer Olympic Games since then, except for 1964 and 1980.
Indonesia has never been in the Winter Olympic Games.
Indonesia profile at London2012.com
Sport in Indonesia
Iran was first at the Olympic Games in 1948.
They have been in every Summer Olympic Games since then, except for 1980 and 1984.
Iran has also been in some Winter Olympic Games since 1956.
The National Olympic Committee for Iran is the National Olympic Committee of the Islamic Republic of Iran.
It was formed in 1947.
Islamic Republic of Iran profile at London2012.com
The Ciudad del Motor de Aragón, also known as Motorland Aragón, is a  race circuit located near Alcañiz, Spain.
The circuit was designed by the German architect Hermann Tilke.
He worked with the British architectural firm Foster + Partners.
Formula One driver Pedro de la Rosa helped with the project.
He provided technical and sporting information.
The facility includes a technology park, a sports area, and a leisure and culture area.
The technology park will be based around the motor industry.
The sports area will include the racing circuit, a karting track, and various gravel circuits.
The leisure and culture section will feature a hotel, business and shopping areas.
On 18 March 2010, Motorland Aragón was announced as a replacement for the Balatonring on the 2010 MotoGP schedule.
On 19 May 2010, it was announced that the circuit will hold a round of the Superbike World Championship.
Official site:
Project profile at Fosters and Partners:
Renault-Sport official site:
Razia began his single seater career in 2005 in the South American Formula 3 championship.
He finished sixth in the championship.
He also took part in the Brazilian Formula Renault 2.0 series, finishing the year tenth in the standings.
For 2006, Razia remained in South American Formula 3 and won the title.
He also became a rookie driver for A1 Team Brazil in the 2006–07 A1 Grand Prix season.
Euroseries 3000
The next year, Razia moved to Europe to race in the Euroseries 3000 championship.
He finish third in the Euroseries standings and fourth in the Italian championship.
Razia also ran four races in the 2007 World Series by Renault.
In 2008, he remained in Euroseries 3000, partnering Frenchman Nicolas Prost, the son of four-time Formula One World Champion Alain Prost.
In the Italian Formula 3000 standings he finished the season in fourth place.
He won his first race win at Misano.
On October 2, 2008, it was announced that Razia will race for Team Arden in the 2008–09 GP2 Asia Series season.
In the final race of the season in Bahrain, Razia claimed his first win.
He signed for Fisichella Motor Sport to compete in the main GP2 Series in 2009 season.
At the Autodromo Nazionale Monza, Razia led from pole to take his first GP2 win.
Razia joined the Barwa Addax Team for the 2009–10 GP2 Asia Series season,.
He was replaced before the second round, but returned for the final round in Bahrain.
He remained with Rapax for the 2010 season.
He finishing eleventh in the drivers' championship.
His team-mate, Pastor Maldonado, became the series champion.
Razia helped Rapax to claim the teams' title.
As part of his Formula One testing deal with the Lotus team, Razia signed to drive for the new AirAsia team in 2011.
He scored no points in the 2011 Asia series.
On December 15, 2009, it was officially announced that Razia would join the new Virgin Racing team as a test driver.
In March 2011, Razia was confirmed as reserve and test driver for Team Lotus for the 2011 season.
At the  Chinese Grand Prix, Luiz Razia drove in Free Practice Session 1 for Team Lotus, replacing Jarno Trulli.
Luiz Razia official site
Luiz Razia career details
Vespoidea is a superfamily of the insect order Hymenoptera in class of insects.
The members of this group are wasps and ants.
Bradynobaenidae
Formicidae - ants
Mutillidae - velvet ants
Pompilidae - spider wasps
Rhopalosomatidae - rhopalosomatid wasps
Sapygidae - sapygid wasps
Scoliidae - scoliid wasps
Sierolomorphidae - sierolomorphid wasps
Tiphiidae - tiphiid wasps
Vespidae - paper wasps, hornets, potter wasps, yellow jackets, and relatives
Voyeurism is when a person gets sexual pleasure from the fact that they can see other people doing things that are normally private, such as getting undressed, or being naked, or having sex.
The people being watched are usually not aware of the voyeur (watcher).
Voyerurism is an important concept in movie.
Some movies can be voyeuristic, even if they do not have sex or nudity in them.
URL shortening is a technique on the World Wide Web in which a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) may be made substantially shorter in length and still direct to the required page.
This is achieved by  using an HTTP Redirect on a domain name that is short, which links to the web page that has a long URL.
For example, the URL http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/URL_shortening can be shortened to http://wrapr.co/GvR7j, http://evg.in/az41 or http://evg.in/urlwiki.
This is especially convenient for messaging technologies such as Twitter and Identi.ca, which severely limit the number of characters that may be used in a message.
Short URLs allow otherwise long web addresses to be referred to in a tweet.
In November 2009, the shortened links on one URL shortening service were accessed 2.1 billion times.
Andreas Heraf (born 10 September 1967 in Vienna) is an Austrian football manager and former  football midfielder.
He started his career with SK Rapid Wien but played later for different clubs in Austria (Vienna, Austria Salzburg, Vorwärts Stteyr, FC Kärnten) and Germany (Hannover 96).
He was member of Rapids team playing in the 1996 UEFA Cup Winners Cup Final against Paris St Germain in Brussels, which Rapid lost.
His first international match was in April 1996 a friendly match against Hungary.
He was member of the 1998 FIFA World Cup team but did not play.
His last international was an October 1998 World Cup qualification match against San Marino.
From 2001 till 2008 he was manager of different teams in Germany and Austria.
Since 2008 he is coach of Austrias U20 national team, which qualified for the FIFA World Cup 2011 in Columbia.
1987, 1995, 2001
as manager
Qualification for the FIFA U20 World Cup 2011
Floridsdorfer AC managers
Brian Jossie (born July 4, 1977) is an American professional wrestler.
He is signed to World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE).
Jossie is currently wrestling in its developmental territory company, Florida Championship Wrestling under the stage name, Abraham Washington.
He made his WWE debut on June 30, 2009 on the now-defunct ECW where he had an in-ring interview segment called the Abraham Washington Show under his ring name, Abraham Washington.
The shows set-up took place one the stage with Tony Atlas acting as a sidekick and announcer.
Abraham Washington's FCW profile
Tragic Kingdom is the third studio album by the American rock band No Doubt.
It was released on October 10, 1995 on Trauma Records.
It got No Doubt nominations for Best New Artist and Best Rock Album at the 1997 Grammy Awards.
It reached No.1 in the United States and stayed there for eight weeks.
It was also No.1 in Denmark, Finland, Ireland, Norway, Canada, New Zealand, and Belgium.
It was the second best-selling album of the year in the US, and the 22nd best-selling album of the 1990s.
Seven songs from it were released as singles: "Just a Girl", "Spiderwebs", "Don't Speak", "Excuse Me Mr.", Happy Now?", "
Sunday Morning", and "Hey You!". "
Hey You" was only released in the Netherlands, but a vide was made for it. "
Just a Girl" was the first single released from the album.
It was released in the UK in 1996 and reached number 38. "
Don't Speak" reached No.1 there in February 1997.
Then "Just a Girl" was re-released and reached number 3.
"Spiderwebs" (Gwen Stefani, Tony Kanal) – 4:28
"Excuse Me Mr." (G. Stefani, Tom Dumont) – 3:04
"Just a Girl" (G. Stefani, Dumont) – 3:29
"Happy Now?" (
G. Stefani, Dumont, Kanal) – 3:43
"Different People" (Eric Stefani, G. Stefani, Kanal) – 4:34
"Hey You" (G. Stefani, Kanal) – 3:34
"The Climb" (E. Stefani) – 6:37
"Sixteen" (G. Stefani, Kanal) – 3:21
"Sunday Morning" (Kanal, G. Stefani, E. Stefani) – 4:33
"Don't Speak" (E. Stefani, G. Stefani) – 4:23
"You Can Do It" (G. Stefani, E. Stefani, Dumont, Kanal) – 4:13
"World Go 'Round" (Kanal, G. Stefani) – 4:09
"End It on This" (G. Stefani, Dumont, Kanal, E. Stefani) – 3:45
"Tragic Kingdom" (E. Stefani) – 5:31
Return of Saturn is the fourth studio album by the American rock band No Doubt, released on Interscope Records on April 11, 2000.
It was nominated for Best Rock Album at the 2001 Grammy Awards.
Four tracks from it were released as singles.
The album entered the US Billboard 200 at No.2.
It also reached the top ten in Sweden, Switzerland, Finland, Germany, and Canada.
"Ex-Girlfriend" (Gwen Stefani, Tom Dumont, Tony Kanal) – 3:32
"Simple Kind of Life" (Stefani) – 4:16
"Bathwater" (Stefani, Kanal, Dumont) – 4:02
"Six Feet Under" (Stefani, Kanal) – 2:28
"Magic's in the Makeup" (Stefani, Dumont) – 4:21
"Artificial Sweetener" (Stefani, Dumont, Kanal) – 3:54
"Marry Me" (Stefani, Kanal) – 4:38
"New" (Stefani, Dumont) – 4:26
"Too Late" (Stefani, Dumont, Kanal) – 4:16
"Comforting Lie" (Stefani, Dumont, Kanal) – 2:52
"Suspension Without Suspense" (Stefani) – 4:10
"Staring Problem" (Stefani, Kanal, Eric Stefani) – 2:43
"Home Now" (Stefani, Kanal, Dumont) – 4:34
"Dark Blue" (Stefani, Dumont) – 10:30
University of São Paulo (Universidade de São Paulo, short USP) is a public university of the Brazilian state of São Paulo.
Established in 1934, it is the largest Brazilian university as well as one the country's most prestigious universities.
1934 establishments
Phoneutria is a genus of spiders which are  dangerous to human beings.
Their venom is more powerful, drop for drop, than other venoms.
They are called "armed spiders" in Portuguese because their venom is a powerful weapon.
Their body length goes from 17 to 48 mm (0.7–1.9 in).
These spiders live in Central America and South America.
They hide in the daytime and walk around looking for food at night.
So in English they are called 'wandering spiders'.
There are several species, and only Phoneutria fera can kill healthy adult humans.
People who get bitten by Phoneutria spiders can be given an antivenom.
In any event, their degree of toxicity has been challenged.
The spiders may be able to control the amount of venom they inject.
There are about eight species in this genus.
Many tabloid newspapers use a photo of a topless or a naked girl to improve their sales.
Very often, this photo is placed on page three of the newspaper; that is where the name of this feature is from.
For this reason, the feature is referred to as Page Three or Page 3.
The newspaper The Sun, who introduced this in 1970, holds a copyright on the name.
The Sun showed a picture of a topless girl on page three.
Other newspapers, such as the Daily Star and Daily Mirror had pictures of naked women; The Mirror changed for models in swimsuits after a few years.
Claire Short tried to stop this.
She did not want to penalize the depiction of nude women, but she wanted to define a newspaper as a publication that did not show naked or topless men or women.
This would have meant that British rainbow press would no longer have been newspapers.
She received 3,000 letters supporting the idea.
The Sun, and other papers fought against the bill, which was known as Page Three Bill.
Eventually, the Bill failed, because it did not get enough support.
There are many women who want to appear as a page three girl.
Most of them are unemployed, or come from the working class.
Buying make-up and clothes to be able to run as a contestant is very expensive; most of the women can barely afford this alone.
Very often, the whole family will help.
The best motivation for these women is to be able to start a career as a starlet.
Many girls who started as a page three model later became well-known.
Examples are Samantha Fox, Michelle Marsh, andr Lucy Pinder.
Page Three girls – the naked truth from the BBC website
no:Side 3-piken
Spending most of his spare time studying, writing or investigating natural and geographic phenomena in the field, he wrote an encyclopedic work, Natural History ("Naturalis Historia"), which became a model for many subsequent encyclopedic texts.
Pliny the Elder died on 25 August 79 AD.
He was attempting the rescue by ship of a friend and his family from the eruption of Mount Vesuvius.
The eruption had just destroyed the cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum.
Pliny's Natural History
The Naturalis Historia is one of the largest works to have survived from the Roman Empire to the modern day.
It claims to cover the entire field of ancient knowledge, based on the best authorities available to Pliny.
He claims to be the only Roman ever to have undertaken such a work.
It includes the fields of botany, zoology, astronomy, geology and mineralogy as well as the exploitation of those resources.
It remains a standard work for the Roman period and the advances in technology and understanding of natural phenomena at the time.
Some technical advances he discusses are the only sources for those inventions, such as hushing in mining technology or the use of water mills for crushing or grinding grain.
Much of what he wrote about has been confirmed by archaeology.
It is virtually the only work which describes the work of artists of the time, and is a reference work for the history of art.
The work became a model for all later encyclopedias in the breadth of subject matter examined, the need to reference original authors, and a comprehensive index list of the contents.
The work is dedicated to the emperor Titus, son of Pliny's close friend, the emperor Vespasian, in the first year of Titus' reign.
It is the only work by Pliny to have survived, and the last that he published, lacking a final revision at his sudden and unexpected death in the AD 79 eruption of Vesuvius.
The Natural History consists of 37 books.
Pliny devised his own table of contents.
The table below is a summary based on modern names for topics.
23 births
Deaths from natural disasters
la:ISO 639#ISO 639-1
nl:ISO 639#ISO 639-1
Loch is a Gaelic word for lake.
It is commonly used in Scotland.
The 'ch' at the end is pronounced with a guttural (back of throat) sound which does not occur in modern English.
There are also lochs in Ireland, and the word is sometimes used in other countries.
The word is used both for lakes, and for "narrow or landlocked arms of the sea" (OED).
Sometimes the term sea loch is used for saltwater lochs.
Many other lochs are normal freshwater lakes, like Loch Lomond.
Biggest by surface area: Loch Lomond
Deepest and largest by volume: Loch Ness
Robinson Cano (born October 22, 1982) is a Dominican second baseman for the Seattle Mariners.
He started playing for the New York Yankees in 2005.
He has been named an All-Star three times.
For the last few years, he has been one of the best-hitting second baseman in the league.
He recently won the 2011 Home Run Derby.
A twin prime is a pair of prime numbers, where one prime is two bigger than the other.
The smallest pair of twin primes is 3 and 5.
Next comes 5 and 7.
Then comes 11 and 13, and then 17 and 19.
Isolated prime
An isolated prime is a prime number p where neither p - 2 nor p + 2 is prime.
In other words, p is not part of a twin prime pair.
For example, 23 is an isolated prime since 21 and 25 are both not prime numbers.
2, 23, 37, 47, 53, 67, 79, 83, 89, 97, 113…
Bryan Jesus Kelly (born August 20, 1981 in Burke, Virginia) is an American professional wrestler.
Kelly is currently wrestling in its developmental territory company, Florida Championship Wrestling under the stage name, Byron Saxton.
He also worked as a commentator for the now-defunct ECW brand where he worked alongside Josh Matthews.
He returned to FCW after the ECW brand was replaced by NXT.
He was called up to be a part of the fourth season of NXT and his pro was Chris Masters.
Dolph Ziggler became Saxton's pro on the January 4, 2011 episode of NXT.
He was voted off.
He returned on the fifth season of NXT where it was NXT Redemption and his pro was Yoshi Tatsu.
He was the second rookie to be eliminated.
Byron Saxton's WWE profile
Non Phixion, pronounced non-fiction, was an American hardcore hip-hop group from New York City.
Non Phixion had six members in the band; the band members were Ill Bill, Sabac Red, Goretex, DJ Eclipse, MC Serch and Necro.
Ill Bill
Sabac Red
Goretex
DJ Eclipse
MC Serch
The Future Is Now (2002)
The Green CD/DVD (2004)
Legacy (1996)
5 Boros (1997)
5 Boros (Remix) (1998)
I Shot Reagan (1998)
2004 (1999)
The Full Monty (1999)
14 Years Of Rap (1999)
Sleepwalkers (1999)
Black Helicopters (2000)
Rock Stars (2002)
Drug Music (2002)
Say Goodbye to Yesterday (2003)
Caught Between Worlds (2004)
We All Bleed (2004)
Food (2004)
She grew in Budapest, Hungary and Vienna, Austria.
When she turned eight years old, she and her mother moved to Michigan.
There, she studied ballet, and began working as a model and appearing in bit parts in local theatre.
She got her first major break in 2001, when she was chosen by Sandra Bullock and Bruce Helford to play one of the lead roles in the ABC sitcom George Lopez.
As an author, Lusha wrote seven books in two languages.
As a humanitarian, Lusha is an animal rights enthusiast and is patron for a number of children's charities.
Official web site by the Masiela Lusha Children's Foundation
Rosidae is a botanical name at the rank of subclass.
Circumscription of the subclass will vary with the taxonomic system being used; the only requirement being that it includes the family Rosaceae.
Manifest Destiny was the concept that the United States had a God-given right to claim territory across North America.
The phrase "Manifest Destiny" was created in 1845 by a newspaper writer named John L. O'Sullivan.
Quickly, the idea became very popular around America.
The idea of Manifest Destiny told Americans that they had a mission, a special job given only to Americans.
This mission was to make the United States bigger so the "borders of freedom" could be open to even more people.
Only Americans could make sure that people living in not-free countries across the world could learn how to govern themselves and live freely in America.
Use by President James Polk
In 1845, James K. Polk was elected President.
Polk believed very strongly in the idea of Manifest Destiny.
During his Presidency, the United States grew by a million square miles.
Ever since he was running for President, Polk had talked about wanting the area that is now around Texas.
At that time, Mexico controlled that land.
In June 1845, the United States decided to add Texas to the United States.
President Polk sent the United States military to take over the area.
The two sides fought for two years.
Finally, Mexico surrendered.
On February 2, 1848, it signed the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which ended the war.
It also gave the United States all of the land above the territory.
This meant the United States had gained all of Texas, Arizona, and New Mexico; parts of Utah, Nevada, and Colorado; and northern California.
A belief in Manifest Destiny helped convince Americans to support the war.
It told them it was all right to fight, kill, and take land from Mexicans or other non-Americans.
This was all right because they were only doing what God wanted.
They were doing what they were destined to do.
Settlement of the west
Growth of the country
Of course, there were many other reasons, besides Manifest Destiny, that people wanted the United States to grow.
More and more people were coming to America, especially to the cities, which were getting crowded.
People wanted land of their own, instead of having to work for other people.
The more land a person had, the more money they could make.
If a person had their own land, they were working for themselves, and they were free.
The United States was very determined to take control of all of North America.
Unfortunately, the parts of North America they wanted were not empty.
They were places that Native Americans had always lived.
The United States government wanted these tribes to move outside the United States, to what is now Oklahoma.
The government was able to convince some of these Native American tribes to sign treaties saying they would leave their lands.
When some tribes refused to leave their lands, the United States government committed an ethnic cleansing against them.
In an ethnic cleansing, ethnic or religious groups are forced to leave an area by a more powerful ethnic group.
When the Cherokee Nation refused to leave their homes, United States President Martin van Buren ordered the military to make them leave.
About 15,000 Cherokee were forced to walk to Oklahoma and Arkansas.
Most historians think that about 4,000 of them died on the way.
Because so many people died, this forced migration is now called the Trail of Tears, and it is considered an ethnic cleansing.
Leopold Šťastný  (born 23 May 1911; died 14 May 1996) was a Slovak football player and coach.
Šťastný  played before the Second World War for  1.
ČsŠK Bratislava as defender.
The club is named today Slovan Bratislava.
The played in the Státní liga, the highest Czech league.
In 1935 Bratislava reached the 5th place.
In the same year Šťastný  played his first of two match es for the Czech team versus Austria.
During the Second World War an independent Slovakian state existed with an own football league.
Bratislava won the league in  1940, 1941, 1942 and 1944.
He also played once in the national football team.
After the war he started his coaching career.
He was three times (1949 - 1951, 1954 - 1957 and 1963 - 1965) coach of his former club Slovan Bratislava and won 4 times the Czech championship.
1966 he went to Austria and became coach of FC Wacker Innsbruck and led the club to national honours.
1968 he became coach of the Austrian  national football team.(15 W, 16 D, 18 L)  He stayed till 1975 when he retired due to health reasons.
After this he was still working 4 years for the Austrian Football Assosciation.
He was founder of the Austrian Schülerliga, a football competition for Austrian schools.
1980 he went to his son in Canada but came back to Austria each year to see the finals of the Schülerliga.
To honour his work a small street in Vienna was named after him.
Wacker Innsbruck managers
Richard Winters (21 January 1918 — 2 January 2011) was a US soldier who fought in World War II.
His experience was made famous by a book and television series, Band of Brothers.
Winters was a member of Company E, 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment, 101st Airborne Division.
He led the company after the commanding officer was killed on D-Day in Normandy.
Near the end of the war he led his company to capture Adolf Hitler's mountain retreat in Bavaria, Berchtesgaden.
he was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross, Bronze Star and a Purple Heart.
After the war he worked in a plaster mill in New Jersey.
In 1951 he bought a farm in Pennsylvania and established an animal feed business.
In 1990 Winters was interviewed by author Stephen Ambrose who was able to use the records that Winters and others in E Company had written for his book.
The title Band of Brothers, comes from a line in William Shakespeare's play, Henry V.
Tipu's Tiger (a.k.a.
Tippoo's Tiger) is an 18th century moving model, musical instrument and an art object.
It was made for Tipu, the ruler of Mysore in India.
It shows a tiger killing a European soldier.