the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
In May 2002, federal police in Brazil conducted a number of raids on organizations linked to Sun Myung Moon.
In a statement, the police stated that the raids were part of a broad investigation into allegations of tax evasion and immigration violations by Moon's organization.
The Association of Families for Unification and World Peace was the target of the raids, which took place in Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, and the personal residence of Moon's primary representative in Brazil, Reverend Kim Yoon-sang.
As of 2008 no legal action has been taken by the Brazilian government resulting from their investigations.
Anti-gay teachings
Moon has spoken vehemently against homosexual activity.
In talks to church members he compared homosexuals to "dirty dung-eating dogs" and prophesied that "gays will be eliminated" in a "purge on God's orders".
These statements were criticized by gay rights groups.
With this emphasis on male-female sex as the only valid model, and on heterosexual marriage as the only ideal, it is reasonable to expect that the Unification Church has very negative views on homosexual behavior:
Actively homosexual persons are not admitted into membership.
Actively homosexual persons would be prohibited from the clergy.
Most church leaders are married and have stable families.
Since they consider a gay or lesbian committed relationship to be outside God's ideal, commitment services for homosexuals are not held.
Their practice is to hate the sin but love the sinner.
''They view homosexual behavior as a deviation from the God-centered family.'
Sir Philip Pullman CBE FRSL (born Norwich, England, 19 October 1946) is an English writer.
He is the best-selling author of His Dark Materials, a trilogy of fantasy novels, and a number of other books.
In 2008, The Times named Pullman in its list of "The 50 greatest British writers since 1945".
One of the greatest books to come around in the 20th century
Perspective on religion
Pullman is a supporter of the British Humanist Association and an Honorary Associate of the National Secular Society.
New Yorker journalist Laura Miller has described Pullman as one of England's most outspoken atheists, although Pullman describes himself as an agnostic.
On 15 September 2010, Pullman along with 54 other public figures signed an open letter, published in The Guardian newspaper, stating their opposition to Pope Benedict XVI  being given "the honour of a state visit" to the UK, arguing that he has led and condoned global abuses of human rights.
The letter says "The state of which the pope is head has also resisted signing many major human rights treaties and has formed its own treaties ("concordats") with many states which negatively affect the human rights of citizens of those states".
Other signers included Stephen Fry, Professor Richard Dawkins, Terry Pratchett, Jonathan Miller and Ken Follet.
Non-series books
1972 The Haunted Storm
1976 Galatea
1982 Count Karlstein
1987 How to be Cool
1989 Spring-Heeled Jack
1990 The Broken Bridge
1992 The White Mercedes
1993 The Wonderful Story of Aladdin and the Enchanted Lamp
1995 Clockwork, or, All Wound Up
1995 The Firework-Maker's Daughter
1998 Mossycoat
1998 The Butterfly Tattoo (re-issue of The White Mercedes)
1999 I was a Rat!
or The Scarlet Slippers
2000 Puss in Boots: The Adventures of That Most Enterprising Feline
2004 The Scarecrow and his Servant
The New-Cut Gang
1994 Thunderbolt's Waxwork
1995 The Gasfitter's Ball
Sally Lockhart
1985 The Ruby in the Smoke
1986 The Shadow in the North (first published as The Shadow in the Plate)
1990 The Tiger in the Well
1994 The Tin Princess
1995 Northern Lights, retitled The Golden Compass in the US
1997 The Subtle Knife
2000 The Amber Spyglass
Companion books
2003 Lyra's Oxford
2009 The Book of Dust
1990 Frankenstein
1992 Sherlock Holmes and the Limehouse Horror
1978 Ancient Civilisations
1978 Using the Oxford Junior Dictionary
Yomi (黄泉), the Japanese word for the underworld in which horrible creatures guard the exits.
According to Shinto mythology as related in Kojiki, this is where the dead go to exist and rot forever.
When one eats at the hearth of Yomi it is impossible to return to the land of the living.
Yomi is similar to Hades or Hell.
In the Shintoist tradition, Yomi is known because Izanami retreated to that place after her death.
Izanagi followed her there and when he returned, he washed himself, creating Amaterasu, Susanoo, and Tsukuyomi. (
See Japanese mythology.)
Yomi is different from Christian Hell in that all souls go there, no matter their actions in life; and one does not receive punishment for evils made when alive.
It is a dirty and polluted place.
In Japanese tradition, pollution is usually associated to evil.
By the tradition of Kojiki, Yomi is usually believed to be underground, and its entrance to be located in Izumo province.
Yomi is ruled over by Izanami no Mikoto, the Grand Deity of Yomi (Yomotsu-Ōkami 黄泉大神).
According to Kojiki.
The entrance to Yomi was blocked by Izanagi when he returned to Earth, using a great boulder (Chibiki-no-Iwa 千引の岩) at the base of the slope that leads to Yomi (Yomotsu Hirasaka 黄泉平坂).
Eve (Bible), the first woman according to Christian theology.
Computers and programming
EVE Online, an MMORPG computer game, Space Simulation
Groupee Community, an online community formerly known as Eve
Evolving Virtual Enterprise, or EVE(TM), an adaptive Web Portal System
EVE (text editor), a text editor provided with the VMS operating system
Eve, a multimedia CD-ROM game created in association with and featuring the music of Peter Gabriel
EVE: The Second Genesis Collectible Card Game
St. John's Eve, also called Midsummer's Eve or Bonfire Night
The Eve of St. Agnes
All Hallows Eve, another name for Halloween
Eve (Applegeeks), an android in the Applegeeks webcomic
E.V.E (Exceptionally Versatile Evolvanoid), from early Sonic the Hedgehog comics
Eve (Buffyverse), in the television series Angel
Eve (DC Comics), in the Sandman comic book series
Eve (Xena), Xena's daughter in the TV series Xena: Warrior Princess
Eve, a female superhero in the Freedom Force computer game series
Mitochondria Eve (not to be confused with Mitochondrial Eve), the main villain in the Parasite Eve video game.
Eve (Black Cat), in the manga Black Cat
Eve, title of a TV episode from the TV series, Journey to the Unknown starring Carol Lynley
Eve (Hitman: Blood Money), a fictional character from the video game Hitman: Blood Money
Eve (album), a progressive rock album by The Alan Parsons Project
EVE (band), a Korean visual rock band
Eve (TV series), starring rapper Eve (rapper) as Shelly
"Eve" (The X-Files episode), an episode of The X-Files
Ève, an oratorio by Jules Massenet
Divergence Eve, an anime
Eve (name)
Eve (surname)
Mitochondrial Eve, the most recent common matrilineal ancestor of all living humans
Eve, the alleged first successful human clone, by the Raelian corporation Clonaid
Eve Angel, Hungarian pornographic actress
Eve Laurence, American pornographic actress
Ève, a commune in the Oise département of France
Eve (cigarette)
Eve, standing for Everything Vs Everything is a Mugen screenpack customized for play with the Mugen engine
Eva (mortar),  a mortar weapon of the Mörser Karl series of German WWII artillery
Ewe language, alternate spelling
Eve, meaning evening, a reference to a time of day at approximately 6PM
Scaled Composites White Knight Two, or Eve, a sub-orbital launch aircraft
Eve, a symbolic name for an eavesdropper in cryptography discussions; see Alice and Bob
In Japanese mythology, Ryūgū-jō (竜宮城) is the palace of Ryūjin, the dragon god of the sea.
It is located under the sea.
Depending on the version of the legend, it is built from red and white coral, or from solid crystal.
Those that live in the palace were Ryūjin's servants, which were various creatures of the sea.
On each of the four sides of the palace is a different season, and one day at the palace is like 100 years on earth.
In legend, Urashima Tarō visits Ryūgū-jō.
This article is about the mythical creature.
For other uses see imp.
Imps are usually described as mischievous more than a serious threat, and as lesser creatures, not important supernatural beings.
The small helpers who attend the devil are sometimes described as imps.
They are usually described as small and very active.
Imps were the common name given to familiar spirits that served witches in the Middle Ages.
Imps were usually kept inside artifacts such as gemstone pieces or vials and summoned for service with magic.
British Asians are a group of people in the United Kingdom.
British Asians are part of ethnic groups that come from Asia.
Asians were 7% of the United Kingdom's population in 2011.
The ancestors of most Asian people in Britain lived in South Asia.
Many British Asians are British Indians, British Pakistanis, or British Bangladeshis (from South Asia).
Most others are British Chinese, British Japanese (from East Asia) and others come from other countries in Asia.
The 2001 UK census says there are 1.2 million Black British people.
They are 2.33% of the population of the United Kingdom.
Ryūjin (Japanese 龍神 "dragon god", also called Rinjin and Owatatsumi) was the god of the sea in Japanese mythology.
He was a dragon, a symbol of the power of the ocean, had a very big mouth, and could transform into human shape.
Ryūjin lived in Ryūgū-jō, his palace under the sea built out of red and white coral, from where he was believed to control the tides with magical tide jewels.
Sea turtles, fish and jellyfish were Ryūjin's servants.
Ryūjin was the father of the beautiful goddess Otohime who married the hunter prince Hoori.
The first Emperor of Japan, Emperor Jimmu, is said to have been a grandson of Otohime and Hoori's.
This means, Ryūjin is believed to be one of the ancestors of the Japanese imperial dynasty.
A legend about Ryūjin is the story about how the jellyfish lost its bones.
This story tells that once, Ryūjin wanted to eat monkey's heart, and sent the jellyfish to get him a monkey.
The monkey managed to escape from the jellyfish by telling him that he had put his heart in a jar in the forest, and offered to go and get it.
When the jellyfish came back and told Ryūjin what had happened, Ryūjin became so angry that he beat the jellyfish until its bones were all broken.
Ryūjin  at the Encyclopedia Mythica.
Takama-ga-hara (Japanese: 高天原), literally "High Heaven's Plain" but usually translated as the "High Plain of Heaven," is a place in Japanese mythology.
In Shinto, Takama-ga-hara is the place where the Kami live.
The legends say it's connected to the Earth by the bridge Ama-no uki-hashi (the "Floating Bridge of Heaven").
In Shinto, when a kami is worshipped, it is invited to leave Takama-ga-hara and enter a shrine.
Gospel music is a style of music.
It is often written to express personal or group belief, regarding Christianity.
This music is used to praise, worship and thank God, Christ or the Holy Spirit.
Perhaps the most famous gospel song is Amazing Grace.
Salsa is a type of music and dance of hispanic origin.
Salsa music is based on Cuban music.
This is a fusion of musical ideas which originally came from Africa and Spain.
During 1965-1975 in New York, musicians of Cuban and Puerto Rican origin combined to produce this Cuban-style music.
The music got the label of 'salsa'.
No-one really knows how this happened, but everyone recognised how good it was to have a label for it.
Over time, salsa bands worked in other influences.
For example, in the late 60s Willie Colon developed numbers that made use of Brazilian rhythms.
N.Y. radio programmes offered 'salsarengue' as a further combination.
The question of whether or not salsa is anything more than Cuban music has been argued over for more than thirty years.
Initially, not much difference could be heard.
Later it became clear that salsa in New York was a bit different from popular music in Cuba.
Also, Miami, Venezuela, Colombia and other places all had their own ideas.
It now seems clear that salsa has receded from the great position it achieved in the late 1970s, at any rate in New York.
The reasons for this are also much disputed.
It is difficult for any music which uses a foreign language to succeed in the biggest English-speaking market-place.
Salsa as a dance can be seen in all the places mentioned.
Unlike standard ballroom dancing, there is no clear agreement on how it should be danced, and the methods differ widely in detail.
The teaching of salsa is also rather undeveloped.
But, as a general guide, salsa dancing is rather like other dances from Cuba, such as the cha-cha-cha.
fr:Salsa#La danse
Gwen Renée Stefani is an American singer, songwriter, fashion designer, actress and television presenter.
She was born on October 3, 1969 in Fullerton, California.
She was raised in Anaheim, California.
She has millions of fans around the world.
She is a member of the band No Doubt, and has also released two solo albums.
One of her biggest hits is Hollaback Girl.
On September 14, 2002 Gwen married Gavin Rossdale, the singer of Bush.
They have two sons, Kingston James McGregor Rossdale (born on May 26, 2006) and Zuma Nesta Rock Rossdale (born on August 21, 2008).
On September 4, 2013 it was reported that Stefani was pregnant with her third child.
Stefani says as a child she was diagnosed with dyslexia and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
On October 20, 2014, Stefani released the first single from her third album, "Baby Don't Lie".
As of 2017, Stefani is said to be dating her "The Voice" co-star Blake Shelton.
2005: Harajuku Lovers Tour 2005
2007: The Sweet Escape Tour
Baby. (
The Sweet Escape (2006)
This Is What the Truth Feels Like (2016)
You Make It Feel Like Christmas (2017)
Hollaback Girl (2005)
Music charts and singles:
2006 Harajuku Lovers Live
No Doubt members
was an old province of Japan in the area of Shimane Prefecture on the island of Honshū.
It was sometimes called .
The maps of Japan and Izumo Province were reformed in the 1870s.
Temples and Shrines
Izumo taisha was the chief Shinto shrine (ichinomiya) of Izumo.
Former provinces of Japan
is a mountain that is northeast of Kyoto city.
It is at the border between the Kyoto and Shiga prefectures, Japan.
Mount Hiei appeared in many folk tales in different centuries.
Traditionally, people believed it to be the home of gods and demons of Shinto.
John Stevens, "The Marathon Monks of Mount Hiei."
Boston: Shambala, 1988
Mount Hiei travel information at Wikivoyage
Holly Schmid: Marathon Monks of Mount Hiei
Photos of Mount Hiei and Enryakuji Temple
Mountains of Japan
is a popular hero from Japanese folklore.
His name literally means Peach Tarō.
Because Tarō is a common Japanese boy's name, it is usually translated as Peach Boy.
Momotarō is also the name of several books, films, and other works that tell the tale of this hero.
The most common version of this tale (from the Edo Period), tells Momotarō came to earth inside a giant peach.
The peach was found floating down a river by an old woman without children who was washing clothes there.
The woman and her husband found the child when they tried to open the peach to eat it.
The child explained that he had been sent by Heaven to be their son.
The couple called him Momotarō, from momo (peach) and tarō (oldest son in the family).
An older version of the story tells the old woman discover the giant, floating peach and take it home with her, as she finds it to be of good color and looking tasty.
After eating a piece of the peach, the old woman is  and becomes young and beautiful again.
When her old husband comes home from the hills, he is surprised to find a lovely young lady in his house.
At first he does not even recognize his own wife in her new form, but she explains what happened to him.
She then gives her husband a piece of the peach to eat, and he also becomes young again.
That night, the couple makes love, and the woman becomes pregnant as a result.
She later gives birth to their first child, a son, whom they name Tarō, as that is a common Japanese name for a first son.
This version of the story is the oldest one that is written in old texts, but it appears to have been changed with the version without sex in school textbooks of the Meiji period.
The peach is often seen as a symbol of sex or  in Japan, because its fruit is believed to be similar to a woman's buttocks.
Years later, Momotarō left his parents for an island called Onigashima to destroy the evil oni (demons or ogres) that lived there.
On his way, Momotarō met and became friends with a talking dog, monkey, and pheasant, who agreed to help him in his mission.
At the island, Momotarō and his animal friends entered the demons' fort and beat the demons' leader, Ura, and his army.
Momotarō returned home with his new friends, and his family lived happily from then on.
Japanese Folklore
Kintaro
Ame-no-Uzume-no-mikoto (天宇受売命) is the Kami of dawn, happiness and joy in the Shinto religion of Japan.
She is famous for her role in the tale of the sun goddess, Amaterasu.
Amaterasu's brother, the storm god Susano'o (須佐之男命), had vandalised her sacred buildings and killed her maidens because she refused to trust him.
Amaterasu became so scared of his wrath that she went to hide into a cave, Ame-no-Iwato (天の岩戸).
The world, without the light of the sun, became dark.
The intelligent Uzume took a small boat, turned it upside down near the cave entrance, and began a dance on it, tearing off her clothing in front of the other Kami.
At that moment, the god Ameno-Tajikarawo (天手力男命) closed the cave behind her, so she could not go back in.
The sun goddess was then asked by the Kami Ame-no-Koyane (天児屋根命)  to go back with the gods.
She agreed, and light came back to the earth.
Uzume is still worshipped today as a Shinto kami.
She is also known as Ame-no-Uzume, The Great Persuader, and The Heavenly Alarming Female.
A substantial article on this subject
A one-paragraph glossary entry in Italian
Susano'o is the brother of Amaterasu, the goddess of the sun, and of Tsukuyomi, the god of the moon.
The tales tell of great  between Susano'o and his sister.
Amaterasu created three women from Susano'o's sword while he created five men from her necklace.
Amaterasu later was made to come out of the cave, but Susano'o was punished by being banished from Heaven.
He came down to the province of Izumo, where he met an old couple.
Seven of their eight daughters had been eaten by the eight-headed serpent Yamata-no-Orochi and it was about to come for the eighth, Kushi-inada-hime.
After the couple promised their daughter's hand in marriage to Susano'o, he agreed to kill Orochi.
With the help of eight bowls of sake (one for each head), Susano'o cut the head off the monster when it was sleeping.
From one of Orochi's tails, Susano'o took out a sword, which he called Ame-no-Murakumo-no-Tsurugi ("Heaven's Cloud-Gathering Sword"), later known as the Kusanagi-no-Tsurugi.
The sword was given to Amaterasu as a  gift and was later given to her descendant Ninigi (the great-grandfather of Emperor Jimmu), with the Yata-no-Kagami (a mirror) and magatama (sacred jewels) as proof of his divine right to rule on Earth (the three Imperial Regalia of Japan).
Amaterasu's shrine is at Ise Shrine, and Susano'o's is in Izumo, where he came down to Earth when banished from heaven.
Izumo is home to the oldest shrines in Japan.
Ninigi no Mikoto (瓊瓊杵尊) is in Japanese mythology the son of Ame no Oshihomimi no Mikoto, and grandson of Amaterasu, who sent him down to earth to plant rice there.
He was the great-grandfather of Emperor Jimmu.
Amaterasu sent him to bring peace to Japan by bringing the three gifts from Heaven used by the emperor.
The sword, Kusanagi, the mirror, Yata no kagami, and the jewel, Yasakani no magatama.
These three gifts mean to the world that the emperor is the descendant of Amaterasu herself.
Preston is a city in North West England which is the county town of Lancashire.
It is near the River Ribble.
It became a city in 2002.
This was the 50th year of Queen Elizabeth II's reign.
Chorley and Leyland are towns not far away from Preston.
In 2001, a census said that there were 335,000 people living in Preston.
Preston Guild is held in Preston.
The chief industry of Preston was formerly the making of cotton cloth.
The Preston bypass (road around the city) was built in the 1950s.
Among the important buildings in Preston are the Harris Museum, Art Gallery and Public Library, and the county council's headquarters.
Preston railway station is an importance junction on the west coast main line; the M6 motorway connects Preston to Cumbria (northwards) and Cheshire (southwards).
The football team in Preston is Preston North End F.C. which plays at Deepdale.
They were the first team to be English football champions.
Preston is home to the University of Central Lancashire, established in 1828 and originally being called The Institution For The Diffusion of Useful Knowledge.
It is one of the largest universities in the UK, having around 38,000 staff and students.
City of Preston, Lancashire
Onryō (怨霊) is a Japanese ghost (Yūrei, 幽霊) who is believed to be able to return to the world of the living to seek revenge.
Some onryō are male, mostly in Kabuki, but most of them are women.
They usually suffer at the hands of their male lovers when they were alive, because they were weak, but they become strong in death.
In Japanese tradition, the spiritual world has Yomi (hell) on one side and the world of the living in the other.
In the middle, there is a waiting area, like a purgatory, where spirits lie in doubt before moving on.
Some spirits, especially those of murdered people, can go back to the world of the living, influenced by feelings of anger, sadness, or love.
Onryō and yūrei do not have a particular look.
But the popularity of Kabuki in the Edo Period meant that a costume was created to show what they look like.
This usually included a white burial kimono, long and black, messy hair, and white and purple make-up.
The influence of this image can be seen in modern movies about Onryō, like Ring.
Iwasaka, Michiko and Toelken, Barre.
Ghosts and the Japanese: Cultural Experiences in Japanese Death Legends, Utah State University Press, 1994.
Tales of Ghostly Japan  Japanzine By Zack Davisson
Japanese Ghosts Mangajin #40 by Tim Screech
Yūrei-ga gallery at Zenshoan Temple
British Chinese, also Chinese British, Chinese Britons or British-born Chinese (often informally referred to as BBCs), are people of Chinese ancestry who were born in the United Kingdom or have moved to the United Kingdom.
According to the 2001 UK census, there are 247,403 British Chinese people living in the United Kingdom.
They make up almost 0.5% of the population of the United Kingdom.
The British African-Caribbean (Afro-Caribbean) community are residents of the United Kingdom who are of British West Indian background, and whose ancestors first came from Africa.
Around 566,000 people fit this description.
Switzerland’s national flag was adopted on December 12, 1889, which is one of the world’s oldest flags.
The Flag of Switzerland is a red field, a white cross whose arms are one-sixth longer than their width.
The relationship between the span of the cross and the width of the flag has not been established, but in practice the ratio is about 2:3 or 7:10.
The Swiss cross on a red field ultimately derives from a similar banner of the Holy Roman Empire, and thus has strong Christian connotations.
The Swiss flag traditionally stands for freedom, honour and fidelity.
The motto "Honor et Fidelitas" was inscribed on the cross of several Swiss mercenary flags of the 18th century.
In modern times, through association with consistent Swiss policy, the flag has also come to mean neutrality, democracy, peace and refuge.
M6 motorway, a motorway in the United Kingdom
M6 Toll, a toll motorway in the United Kingdom that relieves traffic on the M6 motorway
M6 (Ireland), a motorway-grade section of the N6 road in the Republic of Ireland
M6 motorway (Hungary), a motorway in Hungary
M-6 (Michigan highway), a state highway in southern Michigan
Russian route M6 is another name for the Caspian Highway in Russia
Taizu Emperor (, 1559 - 1626) was the founding father of the Qing Dynasty.
His name was Nurhaci and Aisin Gioro was his surname.
The reign name was Tian Ming.
Nurhaci was Manchurian.
He was also the creator of the Manchu alphabet.
In 1580, Nurhaci became the Jian Zhou general of the Ming Dynasty.
In 1618, in order to encourage people to against the Ming Dynasty.
Nurhaci wrote an article called the Seven Great Vexations and sent it to the public.
Form 1618 until 1622, Nurhaci led armies to against the Ming Dynasty.
He successfully occupied 70 cities in the north-eastern part of China.
The capital was changed to Liao Yang after several battles.
In 1626, Nurhaci led armies to attack the Ning Yuan city.
Unluckily, Nurhaci was wounded by Yuan Chonghuan's Portuguese cannon and he died 2 days later at a little town called De-A Man.
Emperors of Qing Dynasty
1559 births
A Japanese dragon, also known as  is a mythical animal from Japan.
Like other creatures called dragons, the Ryū is a big, fantastic animal that looks similar to a serpent, and is related to the Chinese lóng and the Korean yong.
Like all these Asian dragons, it is shown without wings, has legs with claws, and usually lives in the ocean, the clouds, or heavens.
Japanese dragons do not fly as often as the Chinese one, which is the reason why they usually appear much more like serpents.
The ryū in art has only three toes, instead of the lóng's five or the yong's four.
Japanese dragons usually live in the sea.
This is because Japan is an island, and the sea is present in most of its geography.
Ryū originated from China and is one of the four creatures from heavens of Japanese mythology (the other three are the phoenix, turtle and tiger).
It has often been the symbol of the Emperor or of a hero.
Dragons in Japanese mythology
In Japanese mythology, one of the first dragons is the Yamata-no-Orochi, a very big serpent with eight heads and eight tails.
The serpent ate girls, and it was killed by Susanoo after Susanoo tricked the creature into becoming drunk on sake.
Dragons in later Japanese folklore were often good, perhaps because of influence from Chinese culture.
In Urashima Tarō, the main character rescues a turtle which turns out to be the son of Ryūjin, the dragon king of the ocean.
Japanese mythology is a system of beliefs that includes Shinto and Buddhist traditions.
The Shinto religion alone has many kami (Japanese for "gods" or "spirits").
Most Japanese myths, as generally known today, are based on the Kojiki, Nihonshoki and some other books.
The Kojiki or "Record of Ancient Things" is the oldest known book of myths, legends, and history of Japan.
The Shintoshu explains origins of Japanese gods and goddesses from a Buddhist point of view while the Hotsuma Tsutae has a very different version of mythology.
One notable thing of Japanese mythology is that it explains birth of Amaterasu, the origin of the Imperial family, and assigned them divinity.
The Japanese word for the Emperor of Japan, tennō (天皇), means "heavenly emperor".
Huang Taiji (; 1592 - 1643) was the emperor of Qing Dynasty.
His surname was Aisin Gioro.
His reign names were Tian Cong and Chong De.
Huang Taiji was the eighth son of Taizu Emperor (Nurhaci).
He reigned the Manchu trible from 1627 until 1643.
In 1612, Huang Taiji followed his father, Nurhaci, to attack Wu La. He was awarded Beile, a traditional title of Manchu nobility below prince.
In 1616, he was ordered to deal with government affairs with another Beili, Dai Shan.
Huang became the Khan (King) of the Manchu trible in n 1626.
In 1636, Huang took control of the southern part of Mongol, the north-eastern part of China and Korea.
He started the Qing Dynasty.
Huang Taiji died in 1643 of apoplexy.
1592 births
Japanese folklore is the folklore of Japan.
It is very influenced by Shinto and Buddhism, the two most important religions in the country.
It usually includes humorous or strange characters and situations.
It also includes many supernatural creatures, such as kami (gods and revered spirits), yōkai (monster-spirits) (like oni, kappa, and tengu), onryō (ghosts), dragons, and animals with supernatural powers like the kitsune (fox), tanuki (raccoon dog), mujina (badger), and bakeneko (transforming cat).
Japanese folklore is often divided into several categories: "mukashibanashi," tales of long-ago; "namidabanashi", sad stories; "obakebanashi", ghost stories; "ongaeshibanashi", stories of kindness; "tonchibanashi", witty stories; "waraibanashi", funny stories; and "yokubaribanashi", stories of greed.
The story of Kintarō, the superhuman Golden Boy.
The story of Momotarō, the hero Peach Boy.
The story of Urashima Tarō, who rescued a turtle and visited the bottom of the sea.
The story of Issun-Bōshi, the One-inch Boy.
The story of the evil fox-woman Tamamo-no-Mae.
The story of Hōmyō dōji who converts a king to Buddhist
Shita-kiri Suzume, the story of the sparrow with its tongue cut off.
The story of Kiyohime, who wanted revenge, and who became a dragon.
Banchō Sarayashiki, the ghost story of Okiku and the Nine Plates.
Yotsuya Kaidan, the ghost story of Oiwa.
Kachi-kachi Yama, the story of an evil raccoon-dog and a heroic rabbit.
Hanasaka Jiisan, the story of the old man that made the flowers bloom
, also known as the Meiji era, was a  after Keiō and before Taishō.
This period started in September 1868 and ended in July 1912.
During this time, the emperor was .
The nengō Meiji means "Enlightened Rule" or "Enlightened Government".
Events of the Meiji period
1868 (Meiji 1): Meiji Restoration; the capital of Japan moved from Kyoto to Tokyo.
1889-1890 (Meiji 22-23): Constitution of the Empire of Japan
1894-1895 (Meiji 27-28): First Sino-Japanese War
1904-1905 (Meiji 37-38): Russo-Japanese War
30 July 1912 (Meiji 45, 30th day of the 7th month): Meiji died.
1885 (Meiji 18): Ito Hirobumi became 1st Prime Minister
1888 (Meiji 21): Kuroda Kiyotaka became 2nd Prime Minister
1889 (Meiji 22): Yamagata Aritomo became 3rd Prime Minister
1891 (Meiji 24): Matsukata Masayoshi became 4th Prime Minister
1892 (Meiji 25): Ito became 5th Prime Minister
1896 (Meiji 29): Matsukata became 6th Prime Minister
1898 (Meiji 31): Ito became 7th Prime Minister
1898 (Meiji 31): Ōkuma Shigenobu became 8th Prime Minister
1898 (Meiji 31): Yamagata became 9th Prime Minister
1900 (Meiji 33): Ito became 10th Prime Minister
1901 (Meiji 34): Katsura Tarō became 11th Prime Minister
1906 (Meiji 39): Saionji Kinmochi became 12th Prime Minister
1908 (Meiji 41): Katsura became 13th Prime Minister
1911 (Meiji 44): Saionji became 14th Prime Minister
National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection
Japanese eras
1868 establishments in Japan
1912 disestablishments
20th-century disestablishments in Japan
Pheasants are a group of large birds in the order Galliformes.
Males pheasants are usually larger than the females, and they have feathers of bright colours and long tails.
There are 35 species of pheasant in 11 different genera.
Chukar is the official National bird of Pakistan.
Beebe, William.
1918-22.
A Monograph of the Pheasants.
1st edition in 4 volumes: H. F. Witherby, London.
Reprint: 1990, Dover Publications.(4 volumes bound as 2).
Republished as: Pheasants: Their Lives and Homes.
Single volume edition: New York Zoological Society, 1936.)
Green-Armytage, Stephen.
Extraordinary Pheasants.
Harry N. Abrams, Inc., New York.
Book .
Madge and McGowan, Pheasants, Partridges and Grouse
Birdlife International status page
Illinois State Academy of Science (ISAS)
Pheasants & Peafowl - Aviculture & Conservation
Pheasant videos on the Internet Bird Collection
Pheasant Information and Photos - South Dakota Birds and Birding
Pheasant Conservation
Age of consent for sexual relationships
Air Operations Center - United States Air Force command and control (C2) system
Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (born 1989), American politician
Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain (born 1993), English footballer
Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée, a certification for French agricultural products
Army Ordnance Corps, the predecessor of the Royal Army Ordnance Corps (RAOC) of the British Army
Galena, Maryland
Galena, Missouri
Galena, Ohio
Bodies of water in the United States:
Lake Galena (Illinois)
Lake Galena (Pennsylvania)
Galena River (Illinois)
Galena River (Indiana)
USS Galena, United States Navy ships
Ivax Pharmaceuticals, a company previously known as Galena.
Polytonality is the use in music of several keys at the same time.
Music such as this is called polytonal.
Bitonality is the use in music of two keys at the same time.
Music such as this is called bitonal.
Most traditional music is "in a particular key" e.g. in "C major" or in "D major" or in "D minor".
Music that is in C major uses the notes of a C major scale.
In 20th century some composers sometimes wrote music which is in more than one key at once.
A well-known example is the beginning of the second tableau of Igor Stravinsky's ballet, Petrushka.
The first clarinet plays a melody that uses the notes of the C major chord, while the second clarinet plays a different version of the same melody using the notes of the F sharp major chord.
The M1 motorway is an important motorway in England.
It joins London and Leeds.
It was the second motorway to be built in the UK, after the Preston bypass (which later formed part of the M6).
It was the first UK motorway to be built that joined two cities, London and Birmingham.
The motorway is 193 miles (310 km) long.
It was built in four phases.
Some of the motorway was opened in 1959.
Other sections opened between 1965 and 1968.
Two extensions were opened in 1977 and 1999.
The first section of the motorway opened between Junction 5 (Watford) and Junction 18 (Rugby).
It opened on 2 November 1959.
This included two of the motorway's spurs, the M10 at Junction 7, and the M45 at Junction 17.
It followed near to the A5.
In 1965, an extension from Junction 18 towards Yorkshire was built.
The motorway takes a more northerly route through the East Midlands.
It passes near Leicester, Loughborough and Nottingham to Sheffield .
Here the M18 splits from the M1 at Junction 32.
In 1972 an extension of the M1 was opened into central Leeds.
It was called the Leeds South Eastern Motorway.
It meets the Leeds South Western Motorway (M621) at Junction 43.
The first motorway service station was built on the M1 in 1959.
It is currently operated by RoadChef.
{| style="margin-left:1em; margin-bottom:1em; color:black; font-size:95%;" class="wikitable"
|-  style="background:#0080d0; text-align:center; color:white; font-size:120%;"
| colspan="6" | M1 motorway junctions
scope=col|mile
scope=col|km
scope=col abbr="Southbound"|Southbound exits (B carriageway)
scope=col|Junction
scope=col abbr="Northbound"|Northbound exits (A carriageway)
scope=col|Coordinates
|7.0
|11.3
| North Circular (West), Brent Cross, Wembley, Hanger Lane, (A406 West)
| J1Southern terminus
| Start of motorway
|9.19.2
|14.6  14.8
| Central London (The City), HollowayNorth Circular (A406)(E) A1
| J2
|  No access
|12.0
|19.3
|London Gateway services
|Services
|13.213.5
|21.3  21.8
| Harrow, Edgware A41 (A406 North)
| J4
|17.117.5
|27.5  28.1
| Harrow, Aylesbury A41Watford A4008
| J5
| Aylesbury, Watford, M25 (West) A41
|19.720.0
|31.7  32.2
| North Watford A405
| J6
| St Albans, Harlow, M25 (East) A405
|20.420.8
|32.9  33.5
| Heathrow Airport, Gatwick Airport, M40, M4, M3
| J6aM25 interchange
|22.522.7
|36.2  36.6
| St Albans, Hatfield A414
| J7
|23.523.8
|37.8  38.3
| Hemel Hempstead
| J8
| Hemel Hempstead A414
|27.928.3
|44.9  45.6
| Redbourn A5183
| J9
| Dunstable, Redbourn A5183
|30.330.6
|48.8  49.2
| Luton Airport A1081
| J10
| Luton (S) & Airport A1081
|33.734.0
|54.3  54.7
| Luton (Centre), Dunstable A505
| J11
|Dunstable (North), Aylesbury A5, A505, A5505
|J11A
|38.9
|62.6
|Toddington services
|38.538.9
|62.0  62.6
| Flitwick A5120
| J12
|45.245.4
|72.7  73.1
| Bedford A421Woburn, Ampthill A507
| J13
| Bedford, Milton Keynes (South) A421
|49.750.2
|80.0  80.8
| Milton Keynes, Newport Pagnell A509
| J14
|53.7
|86.5
|Newport Pagnell services
|61.862.3
|99.4  100.2
| Northampton, Wellingborough A45
| J15
|64.364.9
|103.5  104.5
| Northampton, Oxford A43 (M40)Northampton services
| J15aServices
| Northampton, Oxford A43 (M40) Northampton Services
|67.968.3
|109.2  109.9
| Northampton A4500
| J16
| Daventry A45
|75.1
|120.8
|Watford Gap services
|76.676.9
|123.3  123.8
| J17
| Coventry (S) M45
|78.578.9
|126.3  126.9
| Daventry, DIRFT A428
| J18
| Hinckley A5 Rugby A428DIRFT
|82.382.7
|132.4  133.1
| Felixstowe, Corby, Kettering A14
| J19M6/A14 interchange
| The North West  Coventry, Birmingham M6
|85.586.1
|137.6 138.5
| Lutterworth A4303Rugby (A426)
| J20
| Lutterworth A4303Market Harborough A4304
|96.196.6
|154.6  155.4
| Coventry, Birmingham M69 (M6)Leicester A5460
| J21
| Coventry M69Leicester A5460
|97.7
|157.2
|Leicester Forest East services
|99.399.5
|159.8  160.1
| No access
| J21a
| Leicester (N), Newark A46
|104.3104.7
|167.8  168.5
| Leicester A50, Coalville A511
| J22
| Ashby, Coalville A511
|108.8109.2
|175.1  175.8
| Loughborough, Shepshed A512
| J23
|113.4113.6
|182.5  182.8
| The SOUTH WEST, Tamworth, Birmingham, A42 (M42)
| J23a  Services
| East Midlands  A453Donington Park services
|114.9115.4
|184.9  185.7
| Nottingham, East Midlands  A453 Donington Park services
| J24
| Stoke A50Derby (A6)Nottingham (S) A453
|115.8116.2
| 186.3  187.0
| Stoke A50Derby (A6)
| J24a
|120.0120.5
|193.2  193.9
| Nottingham, Derby A52
| J25
| Derby, Nottingham A52
|124.1
|199.8
|Trowell services
|126.0126.6
|202.8  203.7
| Nottingham  A610
| J26
| Ripley, Nottingham A610
|131.5132.0
| 211.7  212.4
| Heanor, Hucknall A608
| J27
| Mansfield A608
|135.0135.5
|217.2  218.0
| Derby A38Matlock (A615)
| J28
| Mansfield A38Matlock (A615)
|138.3
|222.5
|Tibshelf services
|141.7142.3
| 228.1  229.0
| Mansfield A617Matlock (A632)
| J29
| Chesterfield A617
| Markham Vale A6192Bolsover (A632)
| J29a
|148.4148.8
|238.9  239.5
| Chesterfield (A619) Newark A616
| J30
| Sheffield (S) A6135Worksop (A619)
|151.3
|243.5
|Woodall services
|153.8154.2
|247.5  248.2
| Worksop A57
| J31
| Sheffield (SE), Rotherham (S) A57
|156.3156.6
|251.6  252.1
| The NORTH, Doncaster, Hull M18
| J32M18 interchange
| The NORTH, Doncaster, Hull, Rotherham (E) M18
|158.8159.2
|255.6  256.2
| Sheffield (C), Rotherham (C) A630
| J33
|161.5161.7
|259.9  260.3
| Sheffield (E), Rotherham (C), Meadowhall A6109:
| J34
| Sheffield (E), Rotherham (C), Meadowhall A6178:
|164.9165.4
|265.4  266.2
| Rotherham (N) A629
| J35
|166.7166.9
|268.2 268.6
| J35a
| Manchester A616
|168.0168.5
|270.3  271.2
| Sheffield (N), Barnsley A61
| J36
| Barnsley (S) A61
|172.1172.6
|276.9  277.8
| Barnsley, Manchester A628
| J37
| Manchester, Barnsley A628
|176.4176.9
|283.9 284.7
| Huddersfield A637
| J38
|178.5
|287.2
|Woolley Edge services
|179.9180.4
|289.5  290.4
| Denby Dale A636
| J39
| Wakefield A636
|182.6183.0
|293.8  294.5
| Wakefield, Dewsbury A638
| J40
| Dewsbury, Wakefield A638
|185.1185.6
|297.9  298.7
| Wakefield, Morley A650
| J41
| Wakefield A650
|186.5187.0
| 300.1  301.0
| Hull, Pontefract, Manchester, Bradford M62
| J42M62 interchange
| Manchester, Bradford, Leeds/Bradford Hull M62
|188.4189.0
|303.2  304.1
| J43
| Leeds M621
|189.4189.9
|304.8  305.6
| Leeds A639(M621)
| J44
| Leeds (S) A639
|190.8191.2
| 307.1  307.7
| Leeds A63
| J45
| Leeds (SE) A63
|193.7194.0
|311.7  312.2
| Leeds (E) A6120
| J46
| Leeds (E), Leeds/Bradford  A6120Selby A63
|196.6197.0
| 316.4  317.1
| Castleford A656Garforth A642
| J47
| Garforth A642The SOUTH (A1(M))
|197.7
|318.1
| A1(M), J43Northern terminus
| The NORTH, Wetherby A1(M)York (A64)
|colspan=6|Notes
Data from driver location signs/distance marker posts are used to provide distance and carriageway identification information.
Where a junction spans several hundred metres and the data is available, both the start and finish values for the junction are shown.
Coordinate data from ACME Mapper.
Highway Agency
Teddy Randazzo (May 13, 1935 - November 21, 2003) was an American singer, songwriter and record producer, best known for his work in the 1950s and 1960s.
One of the groups he worked with was Little Anthony and the Imperials.
Randazzo appeared as himself in a 1962 movie, Don't Knock the Twist, which was about the Twist craze of the early 1960s.
Kaspar Hauser (born probably 30 April  1812; died 17 December  1833) was a child who lived in Germany.
His early life is a mystery.
Kaspar appeared in the street in 1828, not able to talk normally, and no one knew where he had come from.
On May 26 1828 the boy who became known as Kaspar Hauser was found in the streets of Nuremberg, Germany.
He was dressed like a simple country person and could hardly talk.
He carried with him two letters.
One letter seems to have been written by a poor workman and it was addressed to a captain in the army.
The writer of the letter says that he had looked after the boy since 1812 and that the boy wants to serve the king in the army.
He asks the captain to take the boy or to hang him.
There is no date on the letter.
The other letter looked as if it was from his mother to the poor workman who had been looking after him.
It says that the child was born on April 30th 1812 and that he was called Kaspar but that he has no second name.
It says that his father was a soldier and that the boy should become a soldier when he is 17.
The mother writes that she herself is too poor to look after him.
The boy was taken to an army captain whose name was Wessenig.
The only things Kaspar could say (in German) were: "I want to be a knight, as my father was," and "Horse!
Horse!"
The captain asked him lots of other questions but the boy only cried and said "Don't know."
He was taken to a police station where he could only write his name: Kaspar Hauser.
He spent the next two months in a tower where a jailor looked after him.
He smiled, and he walked like a baby.
He was probably 16 years old, but his thinking was like a small child, and he would only drink water and eat bread.
It took a long time, but Kaspar was taught to speak, and slowly told people about his life.
He said that he had spent his life locked up in a small room with only a straw bed to sleep in and a wooden horse to play with.
He was only given bread and water.
Sometimes the water tasted strange because it had something inside that made him go to sleep.
When he woke up from such a sleep he found that his hair and fingernails had been cut.
Later he was visited by a man who never showed his face.
The man taught him to speak a little bit, and then let him go.
Kaspar walked down the streets of Nuremburg and then fainted.
People in many countries heard about the mysterious boy and tried to find out who he was.
Some people thought he was related to the Grand Duke of Baden.
Some people thought it was all a big joke.
Hauser was then taken into care by a schoolteacher, Friedrich Daumer, who taught him to speak, read and write.
Kaspar learned quickly.
Attempted Murder
On October 17 1829, a hooded man tried to kill Hauser with a large knife but managed only to wound his forehead.
People were worried that the person might try to kill him again, so he was given to someone else to be looked after.
He was given a job as a copyist.
Because someone had tried to murder him some people thought it proved that he was related to a noble family in the house of Baden.
A British nobleman, Lord Stanhope, was interested in Hauser and gave him presents and tried to get permission to look after him.
He said that Hauser was Hungarian and not of noble blood.
Many historians thought that Lord Stanhope himself might have been from the house of Baden and that was why he was interested in Kaspar.
On 14 December  1833, Hauser was told to go to a garden where he would find out about the family he came from.
When he got there he was attacked by a stranger who stabbed him in the chest.
He managed to get home but died three days later.
No one knew who had murdered him, although a strange note was found in a black purse saying that Kaspar would not be able to tell people who had killed him, but that he was from the Bavarian border and that his initials were MLÖ."
No one ever found out who the murderer was, and no one ever found out who Kaspar was.
Popular Media
The story of Kaspar Hauser has been made into movies, both in German and in English.
Books have been written about him and lots of people have made guesses about who he might have been.
Some people have even guessed that he was just pretending, but it seems unlikely that he could have kept that up for several years.
1810s births
Mysterious people
A police station is a building where police officers work.
Other members of the law enforcement may work there as well.
These buildings often contain offices and accommodation for staff.
A small police station may have nothing apart from office space.
Some police stations have cells for holding people who have been arrested.
They may also have special rooms for interviewing people and rooms for storing evidence.
The Twist was a popular dance in the early 1960s.
It was made famous by a song of the same title, written by Hank Ballard.
Ballard's version of the song was not a hit, but a cover version by Chubby Checker became an international hit, and sparked off a craze for the dance.
Checker followed with Let's Twist Again, which was another huge hit.