the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
It sold more than  units.
It is one of the best-selling video game franchises.
It was awarded a star on the Walk of Game in 2006.
It has seven Guinness World Records in the Guinness World Records Gamer's Edition 2008.
Final Fantasy is known for its innovation, visuals, and music.
It includes full motion videos, photo-realistic character models, and orchestra music by Nobuo Uematsu.
There are two main types of Final Fantasy game: the main series, where the games are just numbered with Roman numbers, and several related games and spinoffs.
Each of the games in the main series have very little to do with each other, with its own setting, story, and characters.
Some exceptions include Final Fantasy X and X-2, the sequel, or Final Fantasy XIII and Final Fantasy XIII-2 and Lightning Returns.
But the games are connected through the gameplay, themes, and 'style'.
Newer sequels and prequels are Final Fantasy X-2 and the Compilation of Final Fantasy VII games and films.
Since 1987, more than seventeen games have been released.
The series started on Nintendo Entertainment System, but today most Final Fantasy games are made for the Sony PlayStation or PlayStation 2.
Games have also been released for the Nintendo Game Boy and GameCube.
Final Fantasy VII is generally regarded as one of the pinnacle achievements of gaming.
A must-play for any gamer.
In 2001, Columbia Pictures made a CGI movie called Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within.
While it is not actually a Final Fantasy game, one game called Final Fantasy Adventure was released in America for the Nintendo Game Boy.
The game was actually a prequel to the SNES game Secret of Mana, but was released in the United States with the name "Final Fantasy" to boost sales.
In 2003 it was remade for the Game Boy Advance with the title Sword of Mana.
In Japan, the Mana series is called Seiken Densetsu, which means "Legend of the Sword."
There are three games in the series, but only the first two, Secret of Mana and Sword of Mana, have been released in the United States.
In Final Fantasy, players control a group of characters.
They go through the game's story by exploring the game world and defeating enemies.
Enemies are found randomly.
This changed in Final Fantasy XI and Final Fantasy XII.
The player gives combat orders.
These orders are "Fight", "Magic", and "Item".
The orders are given to individual characters through a menu.
This menu appears when in battles.
The games have used different battle systems.
Before Final Fantasy XI, battles were turn-based.
The main characters and bad characters were on different sides of the battlefield.
Final Fantasy IV introduced the "Active Time Battle" (ATB) system.
It made better the turn-based system with a time-keeping system.
This system was designed by Hiroyuki Ito.
It gave a feeling of urgency and excitement to the fights.
It required the player to act before an enemy attacks.
It was used until Final Fantasy X. This game had the "Conditional Turn-Based" (CTB) system.
This new system returned to the old turn-based system.
Magic is common in the game.
The way characters get magic depends on the game.
It is generally divided into classes organized by color: "White magic" focuses on spells that heal teammates; "Black magic" focuses on hurting enemies; "Red magic" is a combination of white and black magic, "Blue magic" copies enemy attacks; and "Green magic" focuses on applying status effects to teammates or enemies.
There are other types of magic like "Time magic".
This magic focuses on time, space, and gravity; "Summoning magic" brings legendary creatures to help in battle.
This magic has appeared since Final Fantasy III.
Summoned creatures are called names like "Espers" or "Eidolons".
They are inspired by mythologies from Arabic, Hindu, Norse, and Greek cultures.
Different means of transportation have appeared through the series.
The most common is the airship.
There are also chocobos for travelling short distances.
Others include sea and land vehicles.
Following Final Fantasy VII, more modern and futuristic vehicles have appeared.
Released Final Fantasy games
Final Fantasy Mystic Quest
Final Fantasy VII (also released for PC)
Final Fantasy VIII (also released for PC)
Final Fantasy X (a high definition remake is currently in development for PS Vita)
Final Fantasy XI (also released for PC and Xbox 360)
Final Fantasy Legends
Final Fantasy Legends 2
Final Fantasy Legends 3
Final Fantasy IV Advance
Final Fantasy V Advance
Final Fantasy VI Advance
Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles: My Life as a King
Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles: Echoes of Time
Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles: Crystal Bearers
Final Fantasy VII Crisis Core
Final Fantasy I and II remade
Final Fantasy Dissidia
Released Final Fantasy movies
Last Order: Final Fantasy VII
A list of upcoming Final Fantasy games.
Final Fantasy XVI (Playstation 5)
Video game series
Georges Brassens (October 22, 1921 - October 29, 1981) was a French singer and songwriter.
He sang La mauvaise réputation (the bad reputation) and Le gorille (the gorilla).
French songwriters
Resolution is what can qualify a monitor in computer science.
It is the number of pixels displayed on a given surface.
The cervix is the part of the uterus which protrudes into the vaginal canal.
Its function is like that of a gate to the uterus, or womb, where the fetus develops during a pregnancy.
It also allows menstrual blood to escape the uterus during the normal reproductive cycle of the female, and allows sperm to access the uterus to fertilize an ovum, or egg.
sexuality
Bullets are small metal objects fired from guns.
Many kinds of bullets are made from lead covered with copper.
They are put into a package called a cartridge.
The cartridge is put into a gun.
The bullet is at the front of the cartridge (number 1 in the picture).
The bullet is pushed out of the gun by hot gases at a high pressure.
A powder called gunpowder (number 3 in the picture) is put inside the case (number 2).
A small explosion from the primer (number 5 in the picture) lights the gunpowder.
The gunpowder burns very fast.
It makes hot gases.
The hot gases are at a high pressure.
The high pressure pushes the bullet out of the gun barrel at a high speed.
Bullets are weapons.
Soldiers and police use them.
They are used for self-defense.
They are used for hunting animals for food or as a sport.
They are used for shooting targets.
There are many kinds of bullet.
Each gun takes a certain size, or caliber, of bullet.
Rifles and handguns use different kinds and sometimes a gun uses more than one kind of bullet.
Although the word "bullet" is often used for a cartridge round, a bullet is not a cartridge but rather a part of one.
A round of ammunition cartridge includes the bullet (which is the projectile), the case (which holds everything together), the propellant (which provides most of the energy to shoot it) and the primer (which ignites the propellant).
Bullet designs have to solve two main problems.
A bullet must fit tightly in the gun's bore (inside of the barrel).
If it does not fit tightly, gas from the burning gunpowder leaks past the bullet and does not help push it out.
The bullet must also fit tightly against the rifling (spiral grooves cut into the barrel), but not so tightly that it causes damage.
Bullets must have this tight fit without causing too much friction.
Bullets must be made to a high standard.
Poorly made bullets may not be accurate.
Poorly made bullets can damage the gun or hurt the person using the gun.
The way the bullet behaves in the barrel is called 'internal ballistics'.
The laws of physics can be used to understand how a bullet moves after it leaves the barrel.
The way the bullet behaves after it leaves the barrel is called 'external ballistics'.
The main factors affecting the aerodynamics of a bullet in flight are the bullet's shape and the rotation from the rifling of the gun barrel.
Spinning helps stabilize the bullet gyroscopically and aerodynamically (spinning keeps it on track).
Any small differences in the shape of the bullet are mostly canceled as it spins.
The first guns did not have rifling.
With smoothbore firearms (no rifling), a round bullet was best because it was the same in any position.
But these bullets were not very stable.
They were also not very accurate.
Still, the round shape of bullets did not change very much for hundreds of years.
Bullet design also affects what happens when a bullet hits an object.
The way a bullet behaves when it hits a target is called 'terminal ballistics.'
The make-up and density of the target material, the angle at which the bullet hits, and the speed and design of the bullet itself are all factors.
Bullets are usually made to go into a target, change shape, and/or break apart.
For a given material and bullet, the speed of the bullet is the main factor determining what happens.
Making bullets go faster increases the kinetic energy even more.
This effect is big, so people have tried (and succeeded) to make bullets that go faster and weigh less.
Modern firearms take much lighter bullets and shoot them much faster than was the case in World War I. This makes the firearms better in two ways.
The magazine (which holds the cartridges in the gun before they are fired) holds more of the smaller, lighter bullets.
Also, the higher speed causes much more damage than the old-style bullets.
Bullet types
Rifle bullet
Rifles are used for target shooting and killing.
A rifle bullet can be described by its accuracy, penetration, shape, size, and mass (weight).
There are many different kinds of rifle bullets.
The Full Metal Jacket (FMJ) is a type of bullet commonly used by the military.
A lead center (core) is surrounded by a strong metal coating (jacket).
This jacket is usually made of a copper alloy, but sometimes it is made of steel.
The FMJ does not spread out when it hits a target.
It goes deep into its target and is a general-purpose bullet.
The FMJ is not recommended for hunting.
It is mostly for target shooting and military use.
The Jacketed Hollow Point (JHP) has a lead center (core) with lead showing at the tip.
It also has a strong metal coating (jacket).
The center of the tip has a hole in it (hollow point).
This design makes the tip of the JHP quickly start to spread out (expand) when it hits a target.
The hollow point bullet in a rifle can be as small as a pin.
When the hollow point is this small, the bullet will go faster and still spread out when it hits a living target.
In some hollow point rifle bullets, the front may spread out to two times as wide as the bullet was when it started.
It is a good hunting bullet because the energy in the bullet is transferred to the target at a known depth.
The jacketed hollow point tends to be accurate and is sturdy.
The plastic tipped bullet is a hollow point bullet.
The hollow point is filled with a hard, pointed plastic tip.
It is used because it can go further than the JHP and does not curve as much.
The plastic tipped bullet also spreads out or breaks into pieces when it hits the target.
A solid copper bullet is a bullet that has no lead core or other elements than copper.
This bullet expands into a flower shape when it hits a target, because copper bullets are usually hollow point.
The copper bullet contains no lead, so it is also better for the environment.
In rifles, it is widely used for hunting and other sports.
A frangible bullet will break into many pieces upon contact with any material harder than itself.
This bullet is used for safety while shooting.
It has little impact on the environment.
It also makes the objects behind the intended target a little safer.
Handgun bullet
Handguns are mostly used for sport target shooting or self-defense.
Police use the pistol because they can easily carry it and have it ready to use.
Pistol bullets have some of the same names as rifle bullets, such as full metal jacket (FMJ) or jacketed hollow point (JHP).
For example, there are hollow point pistol bullets that also spread out a lot when they hit a target.
However, in a pistol bullet, the hollow point can be much larger.
The hollow point causes the pistol bullet to slow down faster due to air resistance.
However, a pistol bullet does not have to travel as far as a rifle bullet.
The hollow point in a pistol bullet can be almost as wide as the bullet.
When a hollow point pistol bullet hits a target, it almost completely flattens itself.
A solid copper pistol bullet is usually hollow point, and is mainly used for self-defense and/or target shooting.
A flat nosed bullet is mostly used in handguns, although there are also some rifle bullets called flat nosed.
The flat nose on a pistol bullet can be as wide as the bullet.
The "flat nose" on a rifle bullet may be much smaller.
The flat nosed bullet tends to have a low ballistic coefficient.
This means that it slows down faster than pointed bullets.
Flat nosed bullets are sometimes used to prevent the explosion of the next cartridge in a magazine when the gun recoils.
Flat nosed bullets also spread out quickly when they hit a target.
This makes them useful for fighting at close range when the bullet should not hit what is behind the target.
After hitting the target, it becomes almost inside out.
A frangible pistol bullet will break apart on contact.
It is usually made of a copper jacket over pieces of either round or twisted lead pieces that are glued together.
The glue breaks apart when the bullet hits the target.
The pieces spread out.
This creates a larger surface area.
This kind of bullet cannot go deep into a target.
It is safer to use when it is important not to hit anything on the other side of the target.
http://www.arizonagunlist.com/ammunition_types.html
http://www.midwayusa.com/content/legacy/bullet_composition.htm
http://www.rathcoombe.net/sci-tech/ballistics/methods.html
Frankfort is the capital city of the U.S. state of Kentucky.
It has been the state capital since December 8, 1792.
It is the county seat of Franklin County, and has been since 1795.
It's located between Lexington and Louisville Kentucky.
Frankfort is beside the Kentucky River.
This is how the city earned its name, because the land was owned by pioneer Stephen Frank.
First called "Frank's Ford", the name was soon shortened to Frankfort.
Within a century the population of Frankfort grew from 9,487 in 1900, to 27,741 in 2000.
The members of the city commission and the mayor are elected by the citizens.
City of Frankfort Website
Cities in Kentucky
County seats in Kentucky
Shah Rukh Khan (born 2 November 1965), popularly known as SRK, is a Bollywood  actor.
He is also known as the "Badshah of Bollywood", "King of Bollywood" and "King Khan".
He was born in New Delhi, his grandparents having moved there from Afghanistan and Peshawar.
He started his career appearing on television in the late 1980s.
He is Muslim and studied at a Muslim school.
He is married to Gauri Khan, a Hindu, and has three children; Aryan, Suhana and AbRam.
He also has a sister named Shehnaz Lalarukh.
He has a master's degree.
He is one of the biggest stars not just in Bollywood, but also around the world.
He is also the second richest actor in the world after Jerry Seinfeld, with a net worth of over $800 million
Indian movie actors
Indian movie producers
People from New Delhi
Game show hosts
Masashi Tashiro (田代まさし, born August 31, 1956 in Saga Prefecture) is a former Japanese television performer and member of Japanese musical group Rats & Star.
He was brought up in Shinjuku, Tokyo.
On December 21, 2001, Tashiro was the first Japanese person chosen by the American magazine Time as "Person of the Year".
Japanese musicians
People from Saga Prefecture
New Orleans is a city in the state of Louisiana in the United States.
It is the largest city in Louisiana, and the 49th-largest city in the U.S. It is the capital of Orleans Parish.
It was named in honour of the French Duke of Orléans (then Regent of France).
The city began as the capital of Louisiana (New France), part of the first French colonial empire at the mouth of the Mississippi River.
It became a territory of the United States when President Thomas Jefferson bought the Louisiana Purchase in 1803.
It became one of the world's great seaports.
All the land is low, originally just a short vertical distance above sea level.
In the last three hundred years, the city has sunk slowly into the marshy soil.
Large portions of New Orleans are now below sea level.
A system of many pumps, dikes, sea walls, and levees were built.
The Battle of New Orleans was fought here in 1815.
The capture of New Orleans in 1863 was an important step in the defeat of the Confederacy in the American Civil War
Over half of the grain that is sent by ship to other countries, comes first by barge through the Port of New Orleans.
The grains are grown in the farming states bordering the Mississippi River, the Missouri River, and Ohio Rivers.
Much of the crude oil that is made into gasoline and diesel fuel is brought to New Orleans for oil refinery and distribution to other parts of the United States by barge or oil pipeline.
Also, there are many oil well platforms nearby, in the Gulf of Mexico.
On August 29, 2005, New Orleans was affected by Hurricane Katrina.
The special systems built to protect the city failed in several ways.
It is estimated that more than three quarters (3/4) of New Orleans was under water in early September of 2005.
Sewer, phone, electric and fresh water systems failed.
Many people drowned.
Many homes were completely covered with water.
Important records, some from the French period of the 18th century were destroyed.
For years, many people believed that a flood in New Orleans would happen.
A very serious flood happened several hundred miles upstream, on the Mississippi delta, when heavy rains fell in 1927.
The hardships from that flood led many people to move away.
Many moved to Chicago.
After Hurricane Katrina, many people who lived in the flooded city moved to other places in the US.
Many people were afraid to move back.
Their jobs and homes were  gone and their possessions were lost.
The people who could move back spread to many other states.
Texas received the most flood victims.
Many volunteers and charities are helping the flood victims to relocate to new homes and, at the same time, repair homes and services in this city.
Several years after Katrina, New Orleans still had much fewer people than it did before the hurricane.
New Orleans has a large African American, Creole and French population.
Voodoo, brought by African slaves, is practiced in the city.
New Orleans is known for its French culture, French architecture, Creole and Cajun cuisine such as gumbo and jambalaya, and Mardi Gras.
1718 establishments
18th-century establishments in Louisiana
Parish seats in Louisiana
Mamluks are members of a military caste that controlled Egypt from 1254 to 1811.
Other mamluks held power in some other Muslim countries.
The word means "slave" in the Arabic language and they began as slaves.
In 1517 the Ottoman Empire conquered them, but Mamluks continued to be powerful.
Muhammad Ali Pasha defeated them and took control of Egypt in 1811.
Qur'an Carpet Page; al-Fatihah is an Islamic holy book that was owned by Mamluks from the 1300s
1254 establishments
1811 disestablishments
Establishments in Egypt
Disestablishments in Africa
13th-century establishments in Africa
Deaf people in America respected Clerc and call him the "Father of the Deaf" because he founded the first school for the deaf in America in Hartford, Connecticut.
Clerc and Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet founded that school on April 15, 1817 in an old hotel.
The school moved to its present location in 1821 and is now named The American School for the Deaf.
The American School for the Deaf is the oldest school for the deaf in the United States.
Name sign for Laurent Clerc
http://ia300102.us.archive.org/3/items/Laurent_Clerc/clerc.mpg
1785 births
1869 deaths
French educators
Ivory is a hard yellowsh-white material made from the tusks and teeth of animals such as elephants, hippopotamuses and walruses.
Ivory is now very rare and expensive since there are restrictions on hunting elephants for ivory.
There are also laws against the trade of ivory.
Some countries (including Zimbabwe and South Africa) argue that these laws should be removed or changed, to allow them to sell some ivory.
Ivory has been used to make piano keys, billiard balls, handles and small ornaments.
Ivory has been used in artworks, such as carvings, since ancient times.
Ivory color  represents quiet and pleasantness.
Brazil is subdivided into 26 states and 1 Federal District (the capital city Brasília).
Center-West Region
Federal District (capital Brasília)
Goiás (capital Goiânia)
Mato Grosso (capital Cuiabá)
Mato Grosso do Sul (capital Campo Grande)
North Region
Acre (capital Rio Branco)
Amapá (capital Macapá)
Amazonas (capital Manaus)
Pará (capital Belém)
Rondônia (capital Porto Velho)
Roraima (capital Boa Vista)
Tocantins (capital Palmas)
Northeast Region
Alagoas (capital Maceió)
Bahia (capital Salvador)
Ceará (capital Fortaleza)
Maranhão (capital São Luís)
Paraíba (capital João Pessoa)
Pernambuco (capital Recife)
Piauí (capital Teresina)
Rio Grande do Norte (capital Natal)
Sergipe (capital Aracaju)
South Region
Paraná (capital Curitiba)
Rio Grande do Sul (capital Porto Alegre)
Santa Catarina (capital Florianópolis)
Southeast Region
Espírito Santo (capital Vitoria)
Minas Gerais (capital Belo Horizonte)
Rio de Janeiro (capital Rio de Janeiro)
São Paulo (capital São Paulo)
Politics of Brazil
A vice president is someone who helps a president conduct his or her duties.
A vice president also takes over if a president is not available.
In business and in government a vice president (VP) is below a president in rank.
Vice is comes from Latin meaning 'in place of'.
In British English a vice president in business is called a director.
In some countries, a vice president is called a deputy president.
Terms and abbreviations
Senior Executive Vice President (SEVP)
Deputy President (DP)
Executive Vice President (EVP)
Senior Vice President (SVP)
First Vice President (FVP)
Assistant Vice President or Associate Vice President (AVP)
The triple jump (also known in certain countries as a triple hop, step and jump or hop, skip and jump) is a athletics event.
It has been a part of the World Championships since 1995.
The event consists of someone running up to a line, jumping and landing on the same foot (a hop), jumping onto the other foot (a skip) and then jumping into a shallow pit of sand.
The winner is the person whose final jump lands the farthest from the line they started jumping at.
It is a common game played on playgrounds.
Before any cards are dealt, two players to the left of the dealer make bets which are called the "Small Blind" and "Big Blind".
These forced bets must be at least matched by the other players in order to keep their hands.
The big blind is twice as much as the small blind.
If the big blind was $1000, then it is said that the blinds are 500 and 1000.
This money is put into a place in the center of the table that is called the "pot"
Each player is given two cards face down.
These are called the player's "Hole Cards" or what the player has "in the hole".
Once all the players have their hole cards, the betting starts.
The player to the left of the Big Blind player starts the betting.
The lowest amount that can be bet is the amount of the big blind.
Players can bet more than the minimum.
This is called "Raising".
The amount a player can raise is determined by the type of the game being played (see below) If a player raises, the amount he raised the bet to is the new minimum.
Each player in turn may either "Call" (pay the current bet amount), Raise, or "Fold" (quit the hand).
This action keeps going around the table until each player has called or folded his hand.
After the first turn of betting is over, the dealer lays three cards face up on the table.
This is called the "Flop".
These three cards are "community cards".
This means they are used by every player in the game along with the two hole cards each player has.
After the flop, another turn of betting takes place.
There is no starting bet in this turn (no blinds) unless a player makes a bet.
Players may "Check" or bet nothing if no player before them in the turn has bet.
If everyone checks, or if a player bets and all the others call or fold, then the round of betting is over.
Next the dealer lays another community card face up.
This card is called "the turn" (or 4th Street).
Another series of betting comes after this.
This betting is the same as after the Flop.
Finally the dealer lays the last community card known as "the river" (or 5th Street).
This card is again followed by a turn of betting, calling and folding by the players.
With the five community cards and their two hole cards, each player makes the best 5 card poker hand he can.
The player with the best poker hand wins the round and the pot.
If two or more players have the same hand, those players split the pot evenly.
If one person bets and all other players have folded, the hand ends then and that player wins.
Styles of play
Texas Hold'em can be played several ways, including Limit, Pot Limit and No Limit games.
The version of the game usually is the maximum a player can raise at any one time.
Limit games have a set amount that a player can raise at any time.
If a game has a $10 limit, then a raise must be exactly $10.
If more than one person raises, each one can only raise $10 more than the last raise.
Typically, there is a "cap" of 3 raises per round.
Also, when playing limit, the bet and raise amount will usually double for the turn and river betting rounds.
In a 4 player game, Player A bets $10.
Player B raises $10 (puts in $20 total), Player C calls Player B (puts in $20).
Player D at this point can either fold, pay $20 (call player B) or raise $10 to a total of $30.
Player A would go next and either call (paying the difference between his $10 bet and the current bet).
This would continue until all players either call or fold.
Pot Limit
In Pot Limit games, the most a player can bet or raise is the total amount in the pot.
With each bet or raise, the amount in the pot gets larger.
This allows for larger raises.
Spread Limit
In Spread Limit games, there is both a minimum and a maximum raise specified.
For example, one could play $5–50 spread limit.
The big blind would be $5 and the minimum raise would be $5 and the maximum raise would be $50.
In No Limit, there is not a limit of how much can be bet at any time.
That is, it is just like Spread Limit, but with no maximum.
A player can bet up to all money as he has.
If a player bets all of his money, he is said to be "All In".
If a player bets more money than another player has, the second player can call by going All In.
If only those two players stay in the hand (all other players fold), the first player takes back any money that is over the amount the player going All In has.
At this point, all betting stops and the dealer deals out the rest of the cards.
If a player goes All In and two or more players are still betting, the other betters can raise each other until they both call (or one of them also goes All In).
A "side pot" is made in this case.
It is the difference between the final bet and the first person's All In.
Only the two players were not All In can win this pot.
If the All In player wins the hand, he wins the main pot (his money plus an equal amount from each other player) and which ever of the other two players had the better hand wins the side pot.
In an eight player game, it is possible to have several side pots with several people being All In at the same time.
If there are not two player left who can bet, betting stops and all players turn their hands over.
Player A bets $5000.
Player B only has $3000.
He goes All In.
Player C Raises $2000 (puts in a total of $7000).
Player A calls (puts in $2000).
At this point, the main pot is worth $9000 ($3000 from each player).
The side pot is worth $8000 ($7000–3000 from Players A and C)
If player A or C wins, he wins both the main pot and the side pot ($17,000) and Player B is out of the game since he is out of money.
If player B wins, he wins the main pot and the side pot goes to which ever player has the best hand between players A and C.
Tournaments are what people often see when poker is shown on television.
When a player enters a tournament, he pays an entry fee called the "buy-in."
Most of his buy-in is placed with other player's money in the prize pool.
Usually, a small portion of the buy-in is kept by the tournament officials for their expenses (and profit).
The player is given a table and seat assignment, and a certain number of chips - the same amount as every other player.
Unlike normal chips, these tournament chips have no cash value (though they often are referred to with dollar amounts).
Players must continue to play until they run out of chips.
The tournament continues until one player has accumulated all of the chips.
The order in which people lose all their chips (or "bust out"), is their finishing order.
That is, the last player to bust out is the second-place finisher.
The prize pool is divided amongst a fraction of the top finishers (usually about 10%).
The first-place winner usually gets a much larger share, with the prizes diminishing until the prize pool is empty.
The player who was the last player to finish without winning any prize is said to have finished "on the bubble."
As players bust out of the tournament, the average player's chip stack gets larger.
In order to insure that the blinds do not become insignificant in the face of the growth in chip stacks, tournaments are played in timed "rounds."
At the beginning of each round typically the blinds increase.
Every few rounds there will be a short break between rounds.
For tournaments that last longer than a day, there will be a last level for the day, and the tournament will resume the next day.
Most tournaments only allow a player to buy-in and receive chips once, at the beginning.
These are called "freeze out" tournaments.
Some tournaments allow players to buy-in more than once for the first few levels of the tournament.
These players are said to "re-buy" and the money they use to re-buy goes into the prize pool with the rest of the buy-ins.
Pokersites
Poker Hand  - Poker hands list
fa:تگزاس هولد ام
Creationism is the religious belief that the universe was created in the way described in religious books.
According to Genesis, God directly created life from the nothingness that was before, by fixing the chaos that was.
Other religions have different creation myths.
The first approach is known as creatio ex nihilo, which is the Latin name for creation from nothing.
Creationists do not believe that all of today's living things came about from simple organisms changing or evolving slowly over time.
They  believe that life was created much as it is today, and that one form of life cannot change into another.
While biologists and paleontologists say that fossils are different from the life we see today, and can be put into order to show changes over time.
Young Earth Creationism says life was created in a short time, in its current form.
They point to the Flood of Noah to account for most rock formations and most fossils.
There is also an Old Earth creationism.
Christian Creationism
Young Earth Creationism goes completely against conventional geochronology.
This kind of creationism says God created the earth roughly 6,000 or 10,000 years ago as told in Genesis.
Young Earth Creationists believe that God created the world in six days (with God resting on the seventh) as the Book of Genesis says.
Young Earth Creationism says that Noah's flood is important to creationism.
They argue that "the first buried fossils of each group are complete and complex (complicated), strong support for the biblical concept (idea) that each kind of life was created well designed to multiply after its own kind."
They believe that the Bible is literally true (see Biblical inerrancy).
Some people say a problem with this is that fossils appear in layers called strata.
Fossils that paleontologists believe evolved earlier are found in rocks that geologists think are older.
Fossils that paleontologists believe evolved later are found in different rocks that geologists think are younger.
If fossils were of animals drowned in the flood scientists think they would be mixed together.
Christian creationists say this happened because of the Noahic Flood, and point to fossils of animals that died quickly.
They offer many defenses.
Some of these are:1.
Fossils that were buried quickly, as in Lagerstätten.
One fossil Creationists talk about is where one fish is eating another fish when it was buried.2.
Polystrate fossils are fossils that go through multiple rock layers.
Christian scientists say this can't happen if the rock layers were formed quickly3.
Bent rock layers are rock layers that are bent in a way that Christian scientists say can not happen over millions of years.
Christians say there are a lot of these.
Other creationists believe God created everything between 13,000  and 14,000 million years ago.
This is called Old Earth Creationism.
Creationists point to the perfection of Earth's size, shape, and distance as designed by God, and Earth's imperfections as proofs that the Earth is dirtied by humans' sin.
Sometimes creationism means that God created life and evolution did not happen.
Other times creationism means just that God created everything but this could have happened long ago and theistic evolution may have happened.
Liberal Christians do not believe in Biblical inerrancy and say God used evolution to create mankind and other life.
This idea is called theistic evolution.
Islamic Creationism
Islamic creationism is the belief that the universe (including humanity) was directly created by Allah as in the Qur'an.
Currently, Islam takes religious texts literally.
Many scholars say that Genesis is a corrupted version of God's message.
There is also a creation myth in the Qu'ran, but it is more vague than Genesis.
This allows for more interpretation.
Several liberal movements within Islam generally accept the scientific positions on the age of the earth, the age of the universe and evolution.
Islam also has its own form of Theistic evolution, which says that mainstream scientific analysis of the origin of the universe is supported by the Qur'an.
Many liberal Muslims believe in evolutionary creationism.
Khalid Anees, president of the Islamic Society of Britain attended a conference called 'Creationism: Science and Faith in Schools'.
During that conference, he made points including the following:  There is no contradiction between what is revealed in the Quran and natural selection and survival of the fittest.
However, some Muslims, such as Adnan Oktar, do not agree that one species can develop from another.
Other Muslims do believe that one species can develop from another.
But there is also a growing movement of Islamic creationism.
Like the movement in Christianity, Islamic creationists are concerned that the findings of evolutionary theory might contradict what is written in the Qu'ran.
"Do the disbelievers not realize that the heavens and earth were ˹once˺ one mass then We split them apart?
And We created from water every living thing.
Will they not then believe?"
"Then He turned towards the heaven when it was ˹still like˺ smoke, saying to it and to the earth, ‘Submit, willingly or unwillingly.’
They both responded, ‘We submit willingly.’"
"We built the universe with ˹great˺ might, and We are certainly expanding ˹it˺."
"On that Day We will roll up the heavens like a scroll of writings.
Just as We produced the first creation, ˹so˺ shall We reproduce it.
That is a promise binding on Us.
We truly uphold ˹Our promises˺!"
Baha'i creationism
The Bahá'í Faith considers the creation narratives in previous Abrahamic religions to be symbolic and not literal.
Bahá'í Faith also accepts that the Earth is ancient.
Baha'ullah existed at the same time as Charles Darwin, so was aware of Darwin's works.
Scientific criticism
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy entry on Creationism
How creationism works
Creation and Evolution Both?
Examines whether Biblical creation and neo-darwinistic evolution can be reconciled.
Evolution, Creationism & ID Timeline  Focuses on major historical and recent events in the scientific and political debate
Evolution Sciences versus Doctrines of Creationism and Intelligent Design
A Guide for Museum Docents
What is creationism?
from talk.origins.
The Creation/Evolution Continuum  by Eugenie Scott.
Armies of the Night  by Isaac Asimov.
Workers have stake in defending science a materialist statement on creationism by The Militant, 2005.
Edward J. Larson and Larry Witham Leading scientists still reject God in Nature, Vol.
394, No.
6691 (1998), p. 313.
Online at Freethought-web.org
Creationism: The Hindu View
Biologos is a Christian organization that sees evolution as factual.
The Flute is a musical instrument.
A person who plays the flute is called a flutist.
There are many kinds of flutes.
The most common concert flute is on C tuning.
In addition, there are other flutes like piccolos, alto flutes, and bass flutes.
Flutes have changed over time.
Pan flutes were made for many centuries.
Later, the "Renaissance flute" came into use.
In Baroque music flute means recorder, so flutes were called traverso in order not to confuse them.
A Bavarian flute maker named Boehm reformed flutes largely to enlarge the volume and improve the way of using the chromatic scale.
Later improvements created the modern flute.
There is a large repertoire of music for the flute.
Baroque composers used them in their orchestras, usually in pairs, and composed concertos, chamber music and solo music for them.
This has continued to the present day.
Orchestras have at least 2 flutes each, sometimes three or four.
Sometimes there is 1 piccolo which plays an octave higher, or an alto flute which plays a fifth lower than the flute.
The flute sounds very bright and cheerful playing high notes.
Please listen, for example, to the Badinerie from Bach's Orchestral Suite no 2.
It can also sound very thoughtful or sad when playing in its lowest register.
A good example is the opening of Debussy's Prélude à l'après midi d'un faune also flutes Andre a brass instrument and can make a really low pitch.
The flute is a woodwind instrument, but modern flutes are made of metal.
It was made of wood a long time ago.
It doesn't need lip vibration like brass instruments.
Flute players hold it horizontally and make a sound by blowing their breath over the edge of the hole of flute's head.
This makes the air vibrate.
Flutes need the second most amount of air for an instrument, next to the tuba.
Flautists can change the pitch by pushing buttons or changing the direction of the breath.
These buttons are called keys.
The breath also can change the tone or the volume.
Flute has many variations of the sound.
The sound of flute is high, so composers often express it as a bird.
A flute matches with many instruments such as violin and piano, and is often part of an ensemble.
There are many kinds of flute, so the material also varies.
Most flutes are made out of silver.
Gold, platinum, wood, and aluminum are also used.
The price of flute depends on the material, but there are many different playing situations, so not only expensive flutes are useful.
Different Flutes
Flutes of India and China
In India, a flute called bansuri is used.
It has no keys and is often made of bamboo or cane.
In China, a simple flute is used, which has no keys.
The Chinese flute sometimes has a thin piece of paper over one hole, which adds a bright raspiness to the sound.
Other flutes
There are other kinds of flute, that are played by blowing into the end, like a recorder.
Some of these are tin whistle, flageolet, tabor pipe, and ocarina.
In Japan there is a kind of flute called a shakuhachi, which is made from the bottom of a bamboo plant.
It is blown at the end, but is not like the recorder because it does not have an opening that guides the air across a hole that makes the sound.
In South America, there is a flute called a quena that makes its sound the same way as the shakuhachi''.
The Pan pipes are a form of flute with no holes.
It has more than one pipe connected together, with the bottom closed.
The player blows across the top of one of the pipes to make a note.
The pipes are in different sizes, so that each one makes a different note.
They are named after Pan, who played this instrument in Greek myth.
There are flutes in many cultures.
The flute has been described as "a musical weed which springs up everywhere".
Famous Flutists
The band Jethro Tull was founded by a flute player (Ian Anderson).
It can be heard in many songs.
One of them is the hit "Locomotive Breath".
Digeridoo
Staind is an American rock band from Massachusetts, United States.
The band was started in 1994.
Its first album, Tormented was released in 1996.
Staind's newest album, The Illusion of Progress was released on August 19, 2008.
Some of its biggest hits have been Outside, It's Been Awhile, and So Far Away.
Aaron Lewis - Vocals/Acoustic Guitar
Mike Mushok - Guitars
Jon Wysocki - Drums
Johnny April - Bass Guitar
1994 establishments in the United States
An ocarina is a kind of flute that is not made out of a tube.
Because the ocarina is in a round or box-like shape, its sound is a little different from other flutes.
The ten-hole ocarina was first made by Giuseppe Donati, in Italy, in 1853.
Instruments like the ocarina had been made for hundreds of years before that in South America, China, and Africa.
In Europe, a form called the gemshorn was made in the 16th century.
The gemshorn was made from an animal horn.
In the 19th century, groups of ocarina players, with different sized ocarinas, played classical and folk music.
Italian ocarinas became known throughout the world, because of this.
In 1928, the Japanese began making ocarinas.
They added two small holes to the old kind of ocarinas.
Japanese 12-hole ocarinas can play a larger scale than 10-hole ocarinas.
English Ocarina
In the 1960s, the English ocarina was invented.
It has four finger holes, and may have one or two thumb holes.
English ocarinas are made in many shapes.
Ocarina Knowledge Pages  - All About Ocarinas
Flutes
The clarinet body is made up of the mouthpiece, barrel, upper joint, pads, keys, ring key, rod, lower joint, and bell.
The clarinet has one reed.
The reed is made of cane, bamboo or plastic, which varies in thickness.
The reed is attached to the mouthpiece with a clamp called a ligature, which is usually made out of metal.
Blowing through the mouthpiece makes the reed vibrate, and therefore makes the noise.
The body of the clarinet is a cylindrical tube with holes.
The holes are covered by the fingers to make musical notes.
There are also buttons pressed by the fingers which allow pads over holes to open or close so all notes of the chromatic scale can be played.
The buttons are usually played with the "pinkie" finger.
One kind of keyed clarinet is called the Albert system.
Another kind is called the Boehm system.
The Boehm clarinet is much used by classical orchestras and by jazz musicians.
In North America and other Western countries, the most popular clarinet is the clarinet pitched in B flat.
This means that if a clarinet player plays a note that is written as a C, it sounds like a B flat on a piano.
The B flat clarinet is used in concert, marching, and school bands.
Musicians in orchestras also play the A-clarinet (a semitone lower), the sopranino E flat clarinet (a fourth higher) and the Bass_clarinet  in B flat (sounding an octave lower).
A beginner clarinet player usually can play a note within the first minutes of a lesson.
Making a sound with the clarinet is easier than making a sound with many other wind instruments.
Most instrumental music teachers consider it to be a good instrument for young players as soon as the lower adult teeth have grown.
The fingering system is very similar to the flute and the saxophone, so changing from playing the clarinet to one of these instruments is not too difficult after the student is comfortable playing the clarinet and has reached a certain level.
A famous piece that features a clarinet is Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's Clarinet Concerto, which has the clarinet playing the melody with the rest of the orchestra playing along.
Written in 1791, it is often considered the first great composition for the instrument.
The International Clarinet Association
The 16th century was the century from 1501 to 1600.
In this century, many Europeans visited or moved to the newly-found Americas and some also searched for new routes to Asia.
There was much change in Europe, such as the Protestant Reformation.
Note: years before or after the 16th century are in italics.
The first lutes were brought to Spain by the Moors.
Others may have been brought to Europe from Arabic lands.
The lute is one of the ancestors of the classical guitar.
A lute has an oval-shaped back, made of strips of wood.
It has a flat front, with a neck attached to it.
Early lutes had four strings or eight sets of two strings.
Beneath these strings, there were strings tied to the neck, where the player pressed down to make the notes.
These strings were called frets.
The front part of the body is made of a flat piece of wood, and known as the sound board.
It has a beautifully carved hole in the center which is called the rose.
The lute was at first played by strumming or plucking with a pick.
Later they were played with the fingers alone.
During the Renaissance, bigger lutes were designed.
Most lutes at this time had seven or eight sets of strings.
New kinds of lutes were invented.
One new kind of lute made in the Renaissance was the theorbo.
Another kind was the archlute.
Today there are kinds of lute still being played in Greece, Turkey, and in Arabic-speaking countries.
The Renaissance lute is also played today, in western countries, as well as a German lute that is played the same way as a guitar.
In the United States, Independence Day, commonly known as the Fourth of July or the Fourth, is a holiday commemorating the adoption of the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776, declaring the independence of the Thirteen Colonies from the United Kingdom of Great Britain.
On Independence Day there are many events such as fireworks, parades, barbecues, carnivals, picnics, concerts, baseball games, political speeches and ceremonies, and various other public and private events.
These events celebrate the history, government, and traditions of the United States.
Independence Day, the only holiday that celebrates the United States, is a national holiday marked by patriotic displays.
Similar to other summer-themed events, Independence Day celebrations often take place outdoors.
Independence Day is a federal holiday, so all non-essential federal institutions (like the postal service and federal courts) are closed on that day.
Many politicians make it a point on this day to appear at a public event to praise the nation's heritage, laws, history, society, and people.
Families often celebrate Independence Day by having or going to a picnic or barbecue, and take advantage of the day off and in some years, long weekend to gather with relatives and friends.
People may also do fun and relaxing hobbies like any other day off such as swimming, fishing, boating, sunbathing, playing sports, or just kicking back and relaxing.
Many stores are open on the fourth so people may go shopping.
In the evening, people may launch their own fireworks.
Decorations (e.g., streamers, balloons, and clothing) are generally colored red, white, and blue, the colors of the American flag.
Parades often are in the morning, while fireworks displays occur in the evening at such places as parks, fairgrounds, or town squares.
Hold parades
Bake red, blue and white desserts, such as cakes and cookies
Create 4th of July wands.
Microsoft Office or Microsoft Office System is a collection of computer programs made by Microsoft.
Microsoft Office is a collection of office-related applications.
Each application serves a unique purpose and offers a specific service to its users.
The programs are created for all users.
There are different versions of the software for home users and for business users.
Some versions may offer more programs, and some versions cost less than others, but none are for free.
The current version is Office 2021, which released on October 5, 2021.
Microsoft Word is a word processor that lets a user type text into the document and add images, and different font or design choices.
The main file formats are .doc and .docx.