the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
1979 – Jo O'Meara, English singer (S Club)
1979 - Matt Tong, English drummer (Bloc Party)
1980 – Kian Egan, Irish singer (Westlife)
1980 - Luciano Milo, Italian ice dancer
1980 - Magdalena Tul, Polish actress
1982 - Travis Smith, American musician
1983 - Semih Senturk, Turkish footballer
1983 - Yuriko Shiratori, Japanese model and actress
1984 - Taylor Cole, American actress
1985 – Jean-François Jacques, Canadian ice hockey player
1986 - Crystal Harris, American model
1987 - Sara Errani, Italian tennis player
1987 – Alicia Morton, American actress
1988 – Jonathan Toews, NHL ice hockey centre for the Chicago Blackhawks
1988 – Younha, South Korean singer
1989 – Charlotte Francis, English actress
1991 - Oviya, Indian model and actress
1992 - Emilio Orozco, American soccer player
1994 - Stephen Milne, Scottish swimmer
1995 - Victoria Sinitsina, Russian ice dancer
2007 - Infanta Sofía of Spain, Spanish royal
643 - Hou Junji, Chinese chancellor during the Tang Dynasty
926 - Burchard III, Duke of Swabia
1380 – Catherine of Siena, Italian saint (b. 1347)
1594 - Thomas Cooper, English bishop, lexicographer and writer
1688 – Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg (b. 1620)
1698 – Charles Cornwallis, 3rd Baron Cornwallis, First Lord of the British Admiralty (b. 1655)
1707 – George Farquhar, Irish dramatist (b. 1678)
1768 - Georg Brandt, Swedish chemist and mineralogist (b. 1694)
1771 - Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli, French-Italian architect (b. 1700)
1776 - Edward Wortley Montagu, English traveler and writer (b. 1713)
1782 - Richard Kempenfelt, English admiral (b. 1718)
1793 - Yechezkel Landau, Polish rabbi (b. 1713)
1827 - Rufus King, American politician (b. 1755)
1854 - Henry Paget, 1st Marquess of Anglesey, English field marshal and politician (b. 1768)
1905 - Ignacio Cervantes, Cuban pianist and composer (b. 1847)
1921 - Annie Edson Taylor, American adventuress (b. 1838)
1933 – Constantine Cavafy, Greek poet (b. 1863)
1935 – Leroy Carr, American blues singer, songwriter and pianist (b. 1905)
1937 – William Gillette, actor (b. 1853)
1944 – Bernardino Machado, President of Portugal (b. 1851)
1947 - Irving Fisher, American economist (b. 1867)
1951 – Ludwig Wittgenstein, Austrian-born philosopher (b. 1889)
1957 – Belle Baker, American 1920s torch singer, movie and television actress (b. 1893)
1961 - Cisco Houston, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1918)
1967 – Anthony Mann, American actor and director (b. 1867)
1967 - J. B. Lenoir, American blues guitarist and singer-songwriter (b. 1929)
1968 - Anthony Boucher, American science fiction writer (b. 1911)
1980 – Alfred Hitchcock, British movie director (b. 1899)
1992 - Mae Clarke, American actress (b. 1910)
1993 – Mick Ronson, British musician (b. 1946)
1997 – Mike Royko, columnist (b. 1932)
2000 - Pham Van Dong, 2nd Prime Minister of Vietnam (b. 1906)
2001 – Barend Biesheuvel, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (b. 1920)
2002 - Sune Andersson, Swedish footballer (b. 1921)
2005 – William J. Bell, soap opera creator, writer, producer (b. 1927)
2006 - John Kenneth Galbraith, Canadian-American economist (b. 1908)
2007 – Ivica Racan, Croatian Prime Minister (b. 1944)
2008 – Albert Hofmann, Swiss physicist (b. 1906)
2008 - Bo Yang, Chinese author and cultural critic (b. 1920)
2012 - Eric Charden, French singer (b. 1943)
2012 – Shukri Ghanem, Libyan politician (b. 1942)
2012 - Joel Goldsmith, American composer (b. 1957)
2012 – Amarillo Slim, American professional poker player (b. 1928)
2014 - Michael Kadosh, Israeli footballer (b. 1940)
2014 - Bob Hoskins, English actor (b. 1942)
2014 - Al Feldstein, American writer and editor (b. 1925)
2014 - Norma Pons, Argentine actress (b. 1943)
2014 - M. V. Devan, Indian artist and writer (b. 1928)
2014 - Walter Walsh, American FBI agent and Olympic shooter (b. 1907)
2014 - Reuven Feuerstein, Israeli psychologist (b. 1921)
2014 - Edgars Vinters, Latvian painter (b. 1919)
2015 - Members of the Bali Nine executed in Indonesia for drug trafficking:
Andrew Chan, Australian (b. 1981)
Rodrigo Gularte, Brazilian (b. 1972)
Myuran Sukumaran, Australian (b. 1984)
2015 - Daniel Walker, American politician, 36th Governor of Illinois (b. 1922)
2015 - Calvin Peete, American golfer (b. 1943)
2015 - Jean Nidetch, American businesswoman (b. 1923)
2015 - Gopulu, Indian illustrator and cartoonist (b. 1924)
2016 - Alyson Bailes, British diplomat (b. 1949)
2016 - Renato Corona, Filipino jurist (b. 1948)
2016 - Jok Church, American cartoonist (b. 1949)
2016 - Dmytro Hnatyuk, Ukrainian baritone and opera singer (b. 1925)
2016 - Chen Zhongshi, Chinese writer (b. 1942)
2017 - George Genyk, American football player and coach (b. 1938)
2017 - R Vidyasagar Rao, Indian irrigation engineer (b. 1939)
2018 - Luis García Meza Tejada, President of Bolivia (b. 1929)
2018 - Derek Keys, South African businessman and politician (b. 1931)
2018 - Michael Martin, Baron Martin of Springburn, Scottish politician (b. 1945)
2018 - Lester James Peries, Sri Lankan film director and screenwriter (b. 1919)
2018 - Robert Mandan, American actor (b. 1932)
2019 - Eldon Bargewell, American general (b. 1947)
2019 - Stevie Chalmers, Scottish footballer (b. 1935)
2019 - Gino Marchetti, American football player (b. 1926)
2019 - Les Murray, Australian poet (b. 1938)
2019 - José Rodrigues Neto, Brazilian footballer (b. 1949)
2019 - John Singleton, American film director (b. 1968)
2019 - Ellen Tauscher, American politician (b. 1951)
Showa Day in Japan, birthday of Hirohito
UK Bank Holiday (in 2011)
313 - Battle of Tzillarum: Emperor Licinius defeats Maximinus II and unifies the Eastern Roman Empire.
711 – Tariq ibn Ziyad reaches Gibraltar, beginning Moorish rule in Spain.
1492 – Spain gives Christopher Columbus his commission of exploration.
1557 - Mapuche leader Lautaro is killed by Spanish forces at the Battle of Mataquito in Chile
1789 – George Washington becomes the first President of the United States.
1802 - The break of the Puentes Reservoir in Spain kills 608 people
1803 – The US buys the Louisiana Territory from France, more than doubling its land area.
1812 – Louisiana becomes a state of the US.
1838 – Nicaragua declares independence from the Central American Federation.
1863 - A 65-man French Foreign Legion infantry patrol fights a force of nearly 2,000 Mexican soldiers to nearly the last man at Hacienda Camaron, Mexico.
1871 - Camp Grant Massacre in the Arizona Territory.
1885 - Governor of New York David B. Hill signs legislation creating the Niagara Reservation near Niagara Falls.
It is New York's first State Park.
1900 – Hawaii becomes a US territory, with Sanford Dole as Governor.
1907 – Honolulu becomes an independent city.
1908 - Japanese small cruiser Matsushima sinks after a munitions explosion near Taiwan, killing 206 out of the 347 men on board.
1920 – Peru becomes a signatory of the Buenos Aires Convention.
1927 – Douglas Fairbanks and Mary Pickford become the first celebrities to leave their footprints in concrete at Grauman's Chinese Theatre in Hollywood.
1927 - The Federal Industrial Institute for Women opens in Alderson, West Virginia, as the first women's federal prison in the United States.
1937 - In a referendum, women in Philippines support being given the right to vote.
1938 - First televised FA Cup final between Huddersfield Town and Preston North End
1939 - Start of the 1939/40 World's Fair in New York City.
1939 - NBC inaugurates its regularly scheduled TV service in New York City.
1941 – British steam freighter Nerissa is torpedoed near Rockall by a German U-boat, causing it to sink, with the loss of 207 lives.
1943 - World War II: Operation Mincemeat - Submarine HMS Seraph surfaces in the Mediterranean Sea off Spain to deposit a dead man planted with false invasion plans dressed as a British military intelligence officer.
1945 – World War II: One day after getting married, Adolf Hitler and his wife Eva Braun commit suicide.
On the same day, Red Army troops raise the Soviet flag on the Reichstag building.
1945 – World War II: American forces take Munich.
1947 – In Nevada, the Boulder Dam is renamed Hoover Dam for the second time.
1948 - The Organization of American States is formed in Bogota, Colombia.
1952 – The Diary of Anne Frank is published in English.
1961 - K-19, the first Soviet nuclear submarine with nuclear missiles, is commissioned.
1963 - Fehmarnsundbroen, a bridge connecting the island of Fehmarn to mainland Denmark, is opened to traffic.
1966 – The Church of Satan is founded.
1975 – With the fall of Saigon, the Vietnam War officially comes to an end.
1980 – Beatrix becomes Queen of the Netherlands, after the decision of her mother, Queen Juliana to abdicate the throne.
1980 - The siege at the Iranian Embassy begins in London.
1985 - US entrepreneur Dick Bass climbs Mount Everest, becoming the first person to successfully climb the "Seven Summits", the highest peaks on each continent.
1993 – The World Wide Web is released for use.
1993 – Tennis player Monica Seles is stabbed by an obsessed fan of her rival Steffi Graf, during a tournament in Germany.
1994 – Austrian Formula 1 driver Roland Ratzenberger is killed in a crash, while practising for the San Marino Grand Prix, at which fellow driver Ayrton Senna is killed the next day.
1995 - Bill Clinton becomes the first President of the United States to visit Northern Ireland.
1995 - Greenpeace activists occupy the Shell Oil Company-owned oil platform Brent Spar between Shetland and Norway, to protest against its planned sinking in the North Sea.
1999 – Cambodia joins ASEAN.
2004 - US media release graphic photographs of US soldiers abusing Iraqi prisoners at Abu Ghraib prison.
2006 – Along with her brother, Swiss ski racer Corinne Rey-Bellet is shot dead by her husband, who commits suicide a short time later.
2009 - Chrysler files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy.
2009 – Netherlands: An attempted attack is made on the Dutch Royal Family at a Queen's Day parade in Apeldoorn, as a car is driven into the crowd, killing seven spectators, and the perpetrator, Karst Tates, who dies the next day.
2012 - A ferry capsizes on the Brahmaputra River in India, killing at least 103 people.
2013 - Beatrix of the Netherlands abdicates the throne.
Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands is the new King, the first Dutch King since 1890.
2019 - Akihito abdicates as Emperor of Japan, passing the throne to his son Naruhito.
1306 - Andrea Dandolo, ruler of Venice (d. 1354)
1310 – Casimir III of Poland (d. 1368)
1331 – Gaston III, Count of Foix (d. 1391)
1553 - Louise of Lorraine (d. 1601)
1602 – William Lilly, English astrologer (d. 1681)
1623 – François de Laval, first bishop of New France (d. 1708)
1651 – Jean-Baptiste de la Salle, French educational reformer (d. 1719)
1662 – Queen Mary II of England (d. 1694)
1664 – François Louis, Prince of Conti, French general (d. 1709)
1710 – Johann Kaspar Basselet von La Rosée, Bavarian general (d. 1795)
1721 – Roger Sherman, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (d. 1793)
1723 - Mathurin Jacques Brisson, French naturalist (d. 1806)
1758 - Emmanuel Vitale, Maltese commander and politician (d. 1802)
1770 – David Thompson, English-Canadian explorer (d. 1857)
1777 – Carl Friedrich Gauss, German mathematician, astronomer, and physicist (d. 1855)
1803 – Albrecht von Roon, Prussian politician (d. 1879)
1812 – Kaspar Hauser, German boy whose early life is a mystery (d. 1833)
1823 - George Campbell, 8th Duke of Argyll, Scottish politician (d. 1900)
1829 - Ferdinand von Hochstetter, Austrian geologist (d. 1884)
1831 - Romolo Gessi, Italian explorer in Africa (d. 1881)
1839 - Archduke Karl Salvator of Austria (d. 1892)
1852 – Tewfik Pasha, ruler of Egypt (d. 1892)
1857 – Eugen Bleuler, Swiss psychiatrist (d. 1940)
1864 - Juhan Liiv, Estonian poet (d. 1913)
1865 – Max Nettlau, German anarchist and historian (d. 1944)
1869 - Hans Poelzig, German architect, painter and set designer (d. 1936)
1870 – Franz Lehár, Austrian composer (d. 1948)
1870 - Homer Stille Cummings, American jurist and politician (d. 1956)
1876 - Oros Mario Corbino, Italian physicist and politician (d. 1937)
1877 – Alice B. Toklas, American companion of Gertrude Stein (d. 1967)
1883 – Jaroslav Hašek, Czech novelist (d. 1923)
1883 - Luigi Russolo, Italian painter and composer (d. 1947)
1884 - Olof Sandborg, Swedish movie and theatre actor (d. 1965)
1887 – Anne Zernike, Dutch theologian and minister (d. 1972)
1888 - David Jacobs, Welsh athlete (d. 1976)
1889 - Fritz Pfeffer, German dentist and Holocaust victim (d. 1944)
1893 – Joachim von Ribbentrop, Nazi foreign minister (d. 1946)
1895 - Philippe Paneton, Canadian physician, academic and diplomat (d. 1960)
1897 - Humberto Mauro, Brazilian director and screenwriter (d. 1983)
1901 – Simon Kuznets, Ukrainian-born economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1985)
1902 – Theodore Schultz, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1998)
1905 – Sergey Nikolsky, Russian mathematician (d. 2012)
1908 – Eve Arden, American actress (d. 1990)
1908 – Bjarni Benediktsson, Prime Minister of Iceland (d. 1970)
1909 – Queen Juliana of the Netherlands (d. 2004)
1913 - Ilmar Raud, Estonian chess player (d. 1941)
1915 - Elio Toaff, Italian rabbi (d. 2015)
1916 – Claude Shannon, American engineer and mathematician (d. 2001)
1916 – Robert Shaw, American conductor (d. 1999)
1917 - Bea Wain, American singer (d. 2017)
1918 - Don McNeill, American tennis player (d. 1996)
1923 - Al Lewis, American actor (d. 2006)
1923 - Kagamisato Kiyoji, Japanese sumo wrestler (d. 2004)
1925 – Johnny Horton, American musician (d. 1960)
1925 - Corinne Calvet, French actress (d. 2001)
1926 - Cloris Leachman, American actress (d. 2021)
1930 - Félix Guattari, French psychologist (d. 1992)
1932 – Antonio Tejero, Spanish coup leader
1933 - Darwin Hindman, American politician (d. 2019)
1938 - Lucho Avilés, Uruguayan-Argentine entertainment journalist (d. 2019)
1938 - Gary Collins, American actor (d. 2012)
1938 – Larry Niven, American writer
1939 - Pieter van Vollenhoven, brother-in-law to Beatrix of the Netherlands
1940 - Ermindo Onega, Argentine footballer
1940 – Burt Young, American actor
1941 – Johnny Farina, American guitarist (Santo and Johnny)
1941 - Stavros Dimas, Greek politician
1941 - Buddy Cianci, American politician (d. 2016)
1942 - Maurizio Arcieri, Italian singer (d. 2015)
1943 – Bobby Vee, American singer (d. 2016)
1943 – Frederick Chiluba, former President of Zambia (d. 2011)
1944 - Jon Bing, Norwegian writer and law professor (d. 2014)
1944 – Jill Clayburgh, American actress (d. 2010)
1944 – Rudi Assauer, German footballer (d. 2019)
1945 – Annie Dillard, American writer
1945 – Michael Smith, American astronaut (d. 1986)
1945 - Lara Saint Paul, Italian-Eritrean singer (d. 2018)
1946 – King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden
1946 – Sven Nordqvist, Swedish writer and illustrator
1946 – Bill Plympton, American animator and director
1946 – Don Schollander, American swimmer
1947 - Mats Odell, Swedish politician
1947 - Bruce Hampton, American musician (d. 2017)
1947 - Leslie Grantham, English actor (d. 2018)
1947 - Thomas Goppel, German politician
1948 – Perry King, American actor
1949 – Phil Garner, American baseball manager
1949 – António Guterres, Secretary-General of the United Nations and former Prime Minister of Portugal
1951 - Ken Whiteley, Canadian folk musician
1952 - Jacques Audiard, French movie director and screenwriter
1953 - Merrill Osmond, American actor and singer (The Osmonds)
1954 – Jane Campion, New Zealand movie director
1954 - Kim Darroch, British diplomat
1955 - Julio Cobos, Argentine politician
1955 – Nicolas Hulot, French journalist and writer
1956 – Jorge Chaminé, Portuguese baritone
1956 – Lars von Trier, Danish movie director
1957 - Aviva Chomsky, American historian and author
1957 - Giuseppe Sannino, Italian footballer
1958 - Charles Berling, French actor, director and producer
1959 - Paul Gross, Canadian actor, producer, director, singer and writer
1959 – Stephen Harper, 22nd Prime Minister of Canada
1960 - David Miscavige, leader of the Church of Scientology
1961 – Isiah Thomas, American basketball player, coach, and team owner
1961 – Thomas Schaaf, German footballer
1961 - Franky Van der Elst, Belgian footballer
1962 - Nikolai Fomenko, Russian musician, actor and racing driver
1964 - Lorenzo Staelens, Belgian footballer
1964 – Barrington Levy, Jamaican musician
1964 - Ian Healy, English cricketer
1967 - Steven Mackintosh, English actor
1969 – Justine Greening, English politician
1969 – Paulo Jr., Brazilian bassist (Sepultura)
1969 – Clark Vogeler, American guitarist (The Toadies)
1973 – Naomi Novik, American writer
1975 – Elliott Sadler, American race car driver
1975 - Johnny Galecki, American actor
1976 - Amanda Palmer, American musician and songwriter
1978 – Tom Fulp, Newgrounds creator
1978 – Simone Barone, Italian footballer
1979 – Gerardo Torrado, Mexican footballer
1980 - Sam Heughan, Scottish actor
1980 - Jeroen Verhoeven, Dutch footballer
1981 – Kunal Nayyar, British actor
1981 – John O'Shea, Irish footballer
1982 – Kirsten Dunst, American actress
1982 – Justin Green, National Football League fullback
1982 - Drew Seeley, Canadian-American singer-songwriter, dancer and actor
1983 - Chris Carr, American football player
1983 – Nenad Milijas, Serbian footballer
1983 – Tatjana Hüfner, German luger
1983 – Troy Williamson, American football player
1984 - Seimone Augustus, American basketball player
1984 - Sophie Turner, Australian model, television personality and lawyer
1985 - Gal Gadot, Israeli model and actress
1986 – Dianna Agron, American actress
1987 - Rohit Sharma, Indian cricketer
1989 - Jang Wooyoung, South Korean singer
1989 - Baauer, American DJ and producer
1990 - Jonny Brownlee, English triathlete
1990 - Michael Schulte, German singer
1991 - Kaarel Nurmsalu, Estonian ski jumper
1992 - Marc-André ter Stegen, German footballer
2002 - Miguel Urdangarín y de Borbon, Spanish royal
65 – Lucan, Roman poet (born 39)
1030 - Mahmud of Ghazni, Indian ruler of the Ghaznavid Dynasty (b. 971)
1063 – Emperor Renzong of China (born 1010)
1131 - Adjutor, French knight and saint
1341 - John III, Duke of Brittany (born 1285)
1439 - Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick, English military leader (born 1382)
1513 – Edmund de la Pole, Yorkist claimant to the English throne
1544 - Thomas Audley, 1st Baron Audley of Walden, Lord Chancellor of England
1550 - Tabinshwehti, King of Burma (born 1516)
1632 – King Sigismund of Sweden (born 1561)
1632 – Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly, military leader in the Thirty Years' War (born 1559)
1637 - Niwa Nagashige, Japanese daimyo (born 1571)
1660 - Petrus Scriverius, Dutch writer (born 1576)
1672 - Marie of the Incarnation, French-Canadian nun and saint (born 1599)
1736 – Johann Albert Fabricius, German classical scholar and bibliographer (born 1668)
1792 – John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich, English politician (born 1718)
1795 - Jean-Jacques Barthélemy, French numismatist (born 1716)
1806 - Onogawa Kisaburo, Japanese sumo wrestler (born 1758)
1847 - Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen, Austrian nobleman and general (born 1771)
1863 - Jean Danjou, French captain (b. 1828)
1865 – Robert FitzRoy, British admiral and meteorologist (born 1805)
1879 - Emma Hale Smith Bidamon, American religious leader (born 1804)
1883 – Edouard Manet, French painter (born 1832)
1895 – Gustav Freytag, German writer and journalist (born 1810)
1903 - Emily Stowe, Canadian physician and suffragist (born 1831)
1906 - James E. Boyd, Irish-American politician, 8th Governor of Nebraska (born 1834)
1926 – Bessie Coleman, American pilot (born 1892)
1933 – Luis Miguel Sanchez Cerro, President of Peru (born 1889)
1936 - Alfred Edward Housman, English poet (born 1859)
1943 - Otto Jespersen, Danish linguist (born 1860)
1945 – Eva Braun, mistress and wife of Adolf Hitler (born 1912)
1945 – Adolf Hitler, Austrian politician, Nazi leader (born 1889)
1956 – Alben W. Barkley, Vice President of the United States (born 1877)
1966 - Richard Farina, American writer and singer (born 1837)
1970 - Inger Stevens, Swedish actress (born 1934)
1974 – Agnes Moorehead, American actress (born 1900)
1980 - Luis Munoz Marin, Puerto Rican poet, journalist and politician (born 1898)
1983 – George Balanchine, Georgian-born dancer and choreographer (born 1904)
1983 – Muddy Waters, American musician (born 1915)
1983 - Edouard Wyss-Dunant, Swiss physician and mountaineer (born 1897)
1989 – Sergio Leone, Italian movie director (born 1929)
1989 - Bangja, Crown Princess Eumin of Korea (born 1901)
1990 - Mario Pizziolo, Italian footballer (born 1909)
1993 – Mario Evaristo, Argentine footballer (born 1908)
1994 – Roland Ratzenberger, Austrian racecar driver (born 1960)
1994 - Richard Scarry, American children's author and illustrator (born 1919)
1995 – Maung Maung Kha, Burmese politician (born 1920)
1999 – Alf Ramsey, English football manager (born 1920)
2000 - Poul Hartling, 36th Prime Minister of Denmark (born 1914)
2003 - Wim van Est, Dutch cyclist (born 1923)
2006 – Corinne Rey-Bellet, Swiss ski racer (born 1972)
2007 – Gregory Lemarchal, French singer (born 1983)
2009 - Venetia Burney, English girl who named the dwarf planet Pluto (born 1918)
2009 - Henk Nijdam, Dutch cyclist (born 1935)
2010 – Paul Mayer, German cardinal (born 1911)
2011 – Ernesto Sabato, Argentine writer and physicist (born 1911)
2011 - Dorjee Khandu, Indian politician, 6th Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh (born 1955)
2012 – Tomas Borge, Nicaraguan politician (born 1930)
2012 – Alexander Dale Oen, Norwegian swimmer (born 1985)
2012 - George Murdock, American actor (born 1928)
2013 - Mike Gray, American writer, screenwriter, cinematographer and producer (b. 1935)
2014 - Ian Ross, Australian TV news presenter (b. 1940)
2014 - Chris Harris, English actor, director and writer (b. 1942)
2015 - Gregory Mertens, Belgian footballer (b. 1991)
2015 - Patachou, French actress and singer (b. 1918)
2015 - Ben E. King, American singer (b. 1938)
2015 - Lennart Bodström, Swedish politician (b. 1928)
2015 - William Pfaff, American author and columnist (b. 1928)
2015 - Ronald Senator, British composer (b. 1926)
2015 - Nigel Terry, British actor (b. 1945)
2015 - David Fonseca, Belizean politician (b. 1954)
2016 - Harry Kroto, British chemist (b. 1939)
2016 - Daniel Aaron, American writer and academic (b. 1912)
2016 - Daniel Berrigan, American priest, poet and activist (b. 1921)
2016 - Marisol Escobar, French-born American sculptor (b. 1930)
2016 - Uwe Friedrichsen, German actor (b. 1934)
2016 - Peter Thomas, American narrator (b. 1924)
2016 - Vasily Zvyagintsev, Russian science fiction author (b. 1944)
2017 - Ueli Steck, Swiss mountaineer and rock climber (b. 1976)
2017 - Belchior, Brazilian singer and composer (b. 1946)
2017 - Mbah Gotho, Indonesian claimed supercentenarian (b. claimed 1870)
2017 - Lorna Gray, American actress (b. 1917)
2017 - Raymond P. Kogovsek, American politician (b. 1941)
2017 - Boris Oleynik, Ukrainian poet, translator and politician (b. 1935)
2017 - Jean Stein, American author and editor (b. 1934)
2018 - Joel Kovel, American environmentalist and anti-war activist (b. 1936)
2018 - Rose Laurens, French singer-songwriter (b. 1943)
2018 - Geneviève Claisse, French painter (b. 1935)
2018 - Anatole Katok, Russian-American mathematician (b. 1944)
2018 - John Treacher, British admiral (b. 1924)
2019 - Anémone, French actress (b. 1950)
2019 - Beth Carvalho, Brazilian samba singer (b. 1946)
2019 - Luciano Comaschi, Italian footballer (b. 1931)
2019 - Peter Mayhew, English-American actor (b. 1944)
2019 - S. P. Y. Reddy, Indian politician (b. 1950)
Queen's Day in the Netherlands (birthday of Queen Juliana), celebrated on this date from 1949 to 2013
King Carl XVI Gustaf's birthday, official Flag Day in Sweden
Walpurgis Night (Central and Northern Europe)
Liberation Day (Vietnam)
Children's Day (Mexico)
Armed Forces Day (Georgia)
73 – Masada, a Jewish fortress, falls to the Romans after several months of siege.
1520 - The Revolt of the Comuneros begins in Spain against the rule of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor.
1521 - Protestant Reformation: Martin Luther's first appearance before the Diet of Worms to be examined by Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and other estates of the empire.
1570 – The revolt of the Comuneros begins against Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor.
1582 – Spanish conquistador Hernando de Lerma founds the city of Salta, Argentina.
1705 - Isaac Newton is knighted, becoming a Sir.
1746 – The Battle of Culloden is fought near Inverness, Scotland, as a Highlander army is defeated by a Lowlander army, lead by the Duke of Cumberland.
1780 – The University of Muenster in Germany is founded.
1799 – Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Mount Tabor - Napoleon Bonaparte drives the Ottoman Turks across the river Jordan near Acre, in present-day Israel.
1818 - The United States Senate ratifies the Rush-Bagot Treaty, establishing the border with Canada.
1847 - The accidental shooting of a Maori by an English sailor results in the start of the Wanganui Campaign of the New Zealand Land Wars.
1853 – India's first passenger rail opens from Bori Bunder, Bombay to Thane.
1862 – American Civil War: Battle at Lee's Mills, Virginia
1863 – American Civil War: Siege of Vicksburg
1881 – Bat Masterson fights his last gun battle in Dodge City, Kansas.
1888 – Germany annexes Nauru.
1894 - Manchester City F.C. is formed from Ardwick F.C.
1908 – The Natural Bridges National Monument is created in Utah.
1912 – Harriet Quimby becomes the first woman to fly an airplane across the English Channel.
1917 - Vladimir Lenin returns to Petrograd from exile in Switzerland.
1919 - Mahatma Gandhi organizes a day of "Prayer and Fasting" in response to the killing of Indian protestors in Amritsar, in the Jallianwala Massacre by British colonial troops three days earlier.
1919 - Polish-Soviet War: The Polish army launches the Vilna offensive to capture Vilnius in present-day Lithuania.
1922 – The Treaty of Rapallo is signed, re-establishing diplomatic relations between Germany and Soviet Russia.
1925 - A Communist assault on Saint Nedelya Church in Sofia, Bulgaria, kills 150 people.
1941 – World War II: Italian convoy Duisburg is destroyed by British ships.
1941 - A Fascist government led by Ante Pavelic comes to power in Croatia.
1941 - Bob Feller of the Cleveland Indians throws the only opening day no-hitter in Major League Baseball, defeating the Chicago White Sox 1-0.
1943 – Albert Hofmann first discovers the psychedelic effects of LSD.
1944 – World War II: The Allied bombing of Belgrade kills around 1,100 people.
1945 – World War II: The Red Army begins its final assault on German forces around Berlin.
1945 – World War II: German refugee ship Goya is sunk by a Soviet submarine torpedo, killing around 7,000 people.
1947 – Texas City, Texas, is set on fire after an explosion on a freighter, killing around 600 people.
1947 – Bernard Baruch first uses the term Cold War.
1953 – Queen Elizabeth II launches the royal yacht HMY Britannia.
1961 - Fidel Castro declares himself a Marxist-Leninist and that Cuba is officially adopting Communism.
1962 – Walter Cronkite becomes the lead anchor of CBS Evening News.
1963 – Martin Luther King, Jr. writes the 'Letter from Birmingham Jail' while imprisoned in Birmingham, Alabama for protesting against racial segregation.
1964 – The participants of the Great Train Robbery are sentenced to prison.
1972 – Apollo 16 is launched.
1990 – Jack Kevorkian participates in his first assisted suicide.
1992 – The Katina P runs aground off Maputo, Mozambique, spilling around 60,000 tons of crude oil into the Indian Ocean.
1994 - Hutu soldiers in Rwanda begin the Massacre of Nyarubuye on the Tutsi people.
By the time it ends the next day, around 2,000 people have been killed.
1996 - Basketball: The Chicago Bulls win a record 70th game in one NBA season.
The team's most famous player at the time was Michael Jordan.
2001 – India and Bangladesh begin a five-day border war.
2003 – The Treaty of Accession is signed in Athens, allowing 10 new members to join the EU on May 1, 2004.
2007 – Seung-Hui Cho, kills 33 people, including himself in the Virginia Tech massacre, the worst shooting spree in modern US history.
2012 – Anders Behring Breivik goes on trial for the July 22, 2011 Norway attacks.
2013 - A magnitude 7.8 earthquake strikes southeast Iran, near the border with Pakistan.
Damage is reported on both sides of the border.
2014 - The MV Sewol ferry, travelling from Incheon to Jeju Island off the south coast of South Korea, sinks near Jindo Island off the southwest coast, killing 295 people.
2014 - Scientists announce the possible discovery of a new moon of Saturn being created out of its rings.
2016 - A large scale earthquake strikes Ecuador.
2017 - Turkey holds a referendum on changing the constitution to that of a Presidential republic; Results indicate just over half of voters support the proposal.
2019 - The Notre-Dame de Paris fire, which broke out the previous evening, is extinguished by firefighters.
778 – King Louis the Pious (d. 840)
1319 – King John II of France (d. 1364)
1488 - Jungjong of Joseon of Korea (d. 1544)
1495 – Petrus Apianus, German mathematician (d. 1557)
1516 – Tabinshwehti, King of Burma (d. 1550)
1619 - Jan van Riebeeck, Dutch ship doctor, salesman and colonial official (d. 1677)
1646 - Jules Hardouin Mansart, French architect (d. 1708)
1660 – Hans Sloane, English scientist (d. 1753)
1661 – Charles Montagu, 1st Earl of Halifax, English poet and statesman (d. 1715)
1682 – John Hadley, English inventor (d. 1744)
1693 – Anne Sophie Reventlow, Queen of Denmark and Norway (d. 1743)
1728 - Joseph Black, Scottish scientist who discovered carbon gas (d. 1799)
1730 - Henry Clinton, English general and politician (d. 1795)
1786 – John Franklin, British royal navy officer and Arctic explorer (d. 1847)
1799 - John Wesley Davis, American politician (d. 1850)
1808 - Caleb Blood Smith, American journalist and politician (d. 1864)
1821 – Ford Madox Brown, English painter (d. 1893)
1823 - Gotthold Eisenstein, German mathematician and academic (d. 1852)
1838 - Ernest Solvay, Belgian chemist (d. 1922)
1844 – Anatole France, French writer (d. 1924)
1847 – Hans Auer, Swiss architect (d. 1906)
1848 - Kandukuri Veerasalingam, Indian social reformer (d. 1919)
1863 - Emile Friant, French painter (d. 1932)
1866 - Jose de Diego, Puerto Rican statesman and journalist (d. 1918)
1867 – Wilbur Wright of the Wright brothers, air travel pioneer (d. 1912)
1868 - Spottiswoode Aitken, Scottish-American actor (d. 1933)
1871 - Henry Stephenson, English actor (d. 1956)
1871 – John Millington Synge, Irish writer (d. 1909)
1885 – Leo Weiner, Hungarian composer and music educator (d. 1960)
1886 – Ernst Thaelmann, German politician (d. 1944)
1886 - Margaret Woodrow Wilson, daughter of Woodrow Wilson (d. 1944)
1887 – Gudjon Samuelsson, Icelandic architect (d. 1950)
1888 - Billy Minter, English footballer (d. 1940)
1889 – Charlie Chaplin, British actor and movie producer (d. 1977)
1890 - Vernon Sturdee, Australian army commander (d. 1966)
1890 – Michalis Dorizas, Greek javelin thrower (d. 1957)
1890 - Nikolai Trubetzkoy, Russian linguist and ethnologist (d. 1938)
1893 - Federico Mompou, Catalan composer and pianist (d. 1987)
1894 - Ernst Ziegler, German actor (d. 1974)
1895 - Ove Arup, English-Danish engineer (d. 1988)
1896 – Pat Clayton, British surveyor and explorer (d. 1962)
1896 – Tristan Tzara, Romanian poet (d. 1963)
1900 – Polly Adler, Russian-born writer (d. 1962)
1905 – Frits Philips, Dutch businessman (d. 2005)
1907 - Joseph-Armand Bombardier, Canadian inventor of the snowmobile (d. 1964)
1908 - Ray Ventura, French pianist and bandleader (d. 1979)
1911 - Guy Burgess, English-Soviet spy (d. 1963)
1912 – Catherine Scorsese, Italian-American actress (d. 1997)
1915 - Joan Alexander, American actress (d. 2009)
1917 - Barry Nelson, American actor (d. 2007)
1917 - Charlotte Salomon, German artist (d. 1943)
1918 – Spike Milligan, Irish comedian (d. 2002)
1919 – Merce Cunningham, American choreographer (d. 2009)
1921 - Wolfgang Leonhard, German historian and author (d. 2014)
1921 – Peter Ustinov, British actor (d. 2004)
1922 – Kingsley Amis, British writer (d. 1995)
1922 – Samuel Youd, British writer (d. 2012)
1922 - Leo Tindemans, 43rd Prime Minister of Belgium (d. 2014)
1923 - Arch A. Moore, Jr., American politician, 28th and 30th Governor of West Virginia (d. 2015)
1924 – Henry Mancini, American composer (d. 1994)
1924 - Rudy Pompilli, American musician (d. 1976)
1927 - Peter Mark Richman, American actor
1927 – Pope Benedict XVI
1930 – Herbie Mann, American jazz flute player (d. 2003)
1932 - Henk Schouten, Dutch footballer (d. 2018)
1933 – Joan Bakewell, British broadcaster
1933 - Vera Krepkina, Russian long jumper
1933 - Marcos Alonso Imaz, Spanish footballer (d. 2012)
1934 - Robert Stigwood, Australian-British music entrepreneur (d. 2016)
1934 - Barrie Unsworth, Australian politician, 38th Premier of New South Wales
1935 – Sarah Kirsch, German writer (d. 2013)
1935 - Dominique Venner, French historian and writer (d. 2013)
1935 - Bobby Vinton, American musician
1936 - Derrick Sherwin, English television producer and actor (d. 2018)
1937 - Vince Hill, English singer-songwriter and record producer
1937 - Vadim Kuzmin, Russian physicist (d. 2015)
1938 - Gordon Wilson, Scottish politician (d. 2017)
1939 – Dusty Springfield, British singer (d. 1999)
1940 – Queen Margrethe II of Denmark
1940 - Konstantin K. Kuzminsky, Russian poet (d. 2015)
1941 - Cliff Stearns, American businessman and politician
1942 – Frank Williams, Formula One team principal
1944 – Richard Bradshaw, British opera conductor
1944 - Dennis Russell Davies, American conductor and pianist
1944 - Elmar Wepper, German actor
1945 - Tom Allen, American politician
1946 - Margot Adler, American author, journalist and Wiccan priest (d. 2014)
1946 - Ernst Bakker, Dutch politician (d. 2014)
1947 – Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, American basketball player
1947 – Gerry Rafferty, Scottish musician (d. 2011)
1949 - Ann Romney, wife of Mitt Romney and former First Lady of Massachusetts
1951 – Björgvin Halldórsson, Icelandic singer
1951 – Ari Kristinsson, Icelandic director and screenwriter
1951 - Bill Walker, American politician, former Governor of Alaska
1952 - Bill Belichick, American football coach
1952 - Yoshikazu Nagai, Japanese footballer
1952 - Billy West, American voice actor
1954 - Ellen Barkin, American actress
1954 - Sibylle Lewitscharoff, German author
1955 – Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
1956 - David M. Brown, American captain, pilot and astronaut (d. 2003)
1960 - Wahab Akbar, Filipino politician (d. 2007)
1960 – Rafael Benítez, Spanish football manager
1960 – Pierre Littbarski, German footballer
1961 - Jarbom Gamlin, Indian politician, 7th Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh (d. 2014)
1963 – Jimmy Osmond, American singer
1963 - Saleem Malik, Pakistani cricketer
1964 - Esbjörn Svensson, Swedish jazz pianist (d. 2008)
1965 - Jon Cryer, American actor, screenwriter, movie director and producer
1965 - Martin Lawrence, American actor and comedian
1965 - Michael Wong Man Tak, Hong Kong actor and singer
1968 – Martin Dahlin, Swedish footballer
1969 – Patrik Jaerbyn, Swedish ski racer
1969 - Michael Baur, Austrian footballer
1970 – Gabrielle, English singer
1971 – Selena, Mexican-American singer (d. 1995)
1971 - Natasha Zvereva, Belarussian tennis player
1971 - Max Beesley, English actor and singer
1971 - Peter Billingsley, American actor, director and producer
1972 - Conchita Martínez, Spanish tennis player
1973 - Akon, American singer
1975 – Sean Maher, American actor
1976 - Shu Qi, Taiwanese actress
1976 - Robert Dahlqvist, Swedish guitarist and singer (d. 2017)
1977 – Fredrik Ljungberg, Swedish footballer
1977 - Thomas Rasmussen, Danish footballer
1977 – Alek Wek, Sudanese model
1978 - Lara Dutta, Indian actress and model
1978 - Igor Tudor, Croatian footballer
1978 - Nikki Griffin, American actress
1979 - Sixto Peralta, Argentine footballer
1979 – Sean Costello, American blues musician (d. 2008)
1982 - Gina Carano, American actress, television personality, model and former mixed martial artist
1982 - Boris Diaw, French basketball player
1983 - Marié Digby, American singer-songwriter, guitarist and actress
1984 – Claire Foy, British actress
1985 – Luol Deng, Sudanese-British basketball player
1985 – Brendon Leonard, New Zealand rugby player
1985 - Sam Tillen, English footballer
1985 – Taye Taiwo, Nigerian footballer
1986 – Shinji Okazaki, Japanese footballer
1986 – Paul di Resta, Scottish racing driver
1986 - Epke Zonderland, Dutch gymnast
1987 – Aaron Lennon, English footballer
1987 - Aleksander Vinter, Norwegian musician
1988 - Hayley Squires, British actress
1990 - Lily Loveless, British actress
1990 – Lorraine Nicholson, American actress
1991 - Kim Kyung-jung, South Korean footballer
1992 – Prince Sébastien of Luxembourg
1993 – Mirai Nagasu, American figure skater
1993 - Chance the Rapper, American singer and rapper
1994 – Liliana Mumy, American actress
1996 - Kento Misao, Japanese footballer
2002 - Sadie Sink, American actress
2008 – Princess Eléonore of Belgium
69 – Otho, Roman Emperor (b. 32)
665 - Fructuosus of Braga, French archbishop and saint
744 – al-Walid II ibn Abd al-Malik, Umayyad caliph
1113 - Sviatopolk II of Kiev (b. 1050)
1118 - Adelaide of Vasto, Italian wife of Roger II of Sicily (b. 1075)
1198 – Duke Frederick I of Austria
1687 - George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, English statesman and poet (b. 1628)
1689 – Aphra Behn, dramatist (b. ca.
1640)
1742 - Stefano Benedetto Pallavicino, Italian poet (b. 1672)
1756 - Jacques Cassini, French astronomer (b. 1677)
1783 - Christian Mayer, Czech astronomer (b. 1719)
1788 – Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon, French naturalist (b. 1707)
1828 – Francisco de Goya, Spanish painter (b. 1746)
1846 - Domenico Dragonetti, Italian composer (b. 1763)
1850 – Marie Tussaud, French creator of waxworks (Madame Tussaud's) (b. 1761)
1859 – Alexis de Tocqueville, French historian (b. 1805)
1879 – Bernadette Soubirous, French Roman Catholic saint (b. 1844)
1888 – Zygmunt Florenty Wroblewski, Polish physicist (b. 1845)
1898 - Robert Milligan McLane, Governor of Maryland (b. 1815)
1899 - Emilio Jacinto, Filipino poet and revolutionary (b. 1875)
1904 – Samuel Smiles, Scottish writer and reformer (b. 1812)
1914 – George William Hill, astronomer (b. 1838)
1915 – Nelson W. Aldrich, Senator from Rhode Island (b. 1841)
1930 - Jose Carlos Mariategui, Peruvian journalist, philosopher and activist (b. 1894)
1934 - John J. Blaine, 24th Governor of Wisconsin (b. 1875)
1938 – Steve Bloomer, English footballer (b. 1874)
1941 - Hans Driesch, German biologist and philosopher (b. 1867)
1942 - Princess Alexandra of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (b. 1878)
1946 – Arthur Chevrolet, Swiss-born race car driver and Automobile designer (b. 1884)
1958 – Rosalind Franklin, British chemist (b. 1920)
1968 - Fay Bainter, American actress (b. 1893)
1968 – Edna Ferber, American writer (b. 1885)
1972 – Kawabata Yasunari, Japanese writer (b. 1899)
1973 - Istvan Kertesz, Hungarian conductor (b. 1929)
1973 - Nino Bravo, Spanish pop singer (b. 1944)
1978 – Lucius Clay, American general (b. 1897)
1978 - Philibert Tsiranana, President of Madagascar (b. 1912)
1985 – Scott Brady, American actor (b. 1924)
1988 - Khalil al-Wazir, Palestinian military leader (b. 1935)
1991 – David Lean, American movie director (b. 1908)
1991 - Sergio Peresson, Italian violin maker (b. 1913)
1992 – Neville Brand, actor (b. 1920)
1994 – Ralph Ellison, American writer (b. 1914)
1995 – Iqbal Masih, Pakistani child slave (b. 1982)
1996 - Lucille Bremer, American actress and dancer (b. 1927)
1997 – Doris Angleton, American socialite (b. 1951)
1997 - Roland Topor, French actor, director and painter (b. 1938)
1998 – Fred Davis, English snooker player (b. 1913)
1998 – Marie-Louise Meilleur, Canadian supercentenarian (b. 1880)
2001 – Michael Ritchie, American movie director (b. 1938)
2002 - Oliver Eggimann, Swiss footballer (b. 1919)
2002 – Ruth Fertel, American restaurateur (b. 1927)
2002 – Robert Urich, American actor (b. 1946)
2003 – Graham Stuart Thomas, British horticultural artist, writer, and garden designer (b. 1909)
2005 – Kay Walsh, British actress (b. 1911)
2007 – Deaths in the Virginia Tech Massacre:
Jocelyne Couture-Nowak, Canadian French instructor (b. 1958)
Kevin Granata, American professor of languages (b. 1961)
Liviu Librescu, Romanian-born engineer and professor (b. 1930)
Seung-Hui Cho, perpetrator of the Virginia Tech massacre (b. 1984)
2007 – Maria Lenk, Brazilian swimmer (b. 1915)
2008 - Edward Norton Lorenz, American mathematician and meteorologist (b. 1917)
2010 – Carlos Franqui, Cuban writer and political activist (b. 1921)
2010 - Tomas Spidlik, Czech cardinal (b. 1919)
2011 - Allan Blakeney, Canadian politician, 10th Premier of Saskatchewan (b. 1925)
2012 – Maersk Mc-Kinney Moller, Danish shipping magnate (b. 1913)
2013 - Pat Summerall, American football player (b. 1930)
2013 - Pentti Lund, Finnish-Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1925)
2013 - George Beverly Shea, Canadian-American gospel singer (b. 1909)
2013 - Ali Kafi, Algerian politician (b. 1928)
2014 - Gyude Bryant, Liberian politician (b. 1949)
2014 - Ernst Florian Winter, Austrian-American historian and political scientist (b. 1923)
2014 - Albert André, German Roman Catholic priest (b. 1930)
2015 - Valery Belousov, Russian ice hockey player (b. 1948)
2015 - Attaphol Buspakom, Thai footballer and coach (b. 1962)
2015 - Stanislav Gross, 5th Prime Minister of the Czech Republic (b. 1969)
2015 - Lee Remmel, American PR spokesman (b. 1924)
2015 - Oles Buzina, Ukrainian journalist (b. 1969)
2015 - Johnny Kemp, Bahamian singer (b. 1959)
2015 - Heino Kleiminger, German footballer (b. 1939)
2016 - Rubén Mendoza Ayala, Mexican politician (b. 1961)
2016 - Jeanette Bonnier, Swedish media proprietor, journalist and author (b. 1934)
2016 - Rod Daniel, American film director (b. 1942)
2016 - William M. Gray, American meteorologist (b. 1929)
2016 - Charlie Hodge, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1933)
2016 - Louis Pilot, Luxembourgian footballer (b. 1940)
2016 - Helmut Rohde, German politician (b. 1925)
2016 - Peter Rock, Chilean musician and actor (b. 1945)
2016 - Kit West, British special effects artist (b. 1936)
2017 - Gianni Boncompagni, Italian television presenter, producer and screenwriter (b. 1932)
2017 - Arcan Cetin, Turkish-American terrorist (b. 1996)
2017 - Allan Holdsworth, British guitarist and composer (b. 1946)
2018 - Harry Anderson, American actor (b. 1952)
2018 - Choi Eun-hee, South Korean actress (b. 1926)
2018 - Dona Ivone Lara, Brazilian singer and composer (b. 1921)
2018 - Ivan Mauger, New Zealand motorcycle speedway rider (b. 1939)
2018 - Lynn Stout, American law scholar (b. 1957)
2018 - Pamela Gidley, American actress (b. 1965)
2018 - Henri Landwirth, Belgian-American hotelier (b. 1927)
2018 - Paul Singer, Austrian-Brazilian economist (b. 1932)
2019 - Ahmad Eghtedari, Iranian teacher, writer and lawyer (b. 1925)
2019 - Guro Fjellanger, Norwegian politician (b. 1964)
2019 - Jörg Demus, Austrian pianist (b. 1928)
2019 - Kent Harris, American songwriter and record producer (b. 1930)
2019 - Suzanne Twelftree, Australian wheelchair tennis player and powerlifter (b. 1956)
2019 - Hansjörg Auer, Austrian mountaineer (b. 1984)
2019 - David Lama, Austrian mountaineer (b. 1990)
2019 - Jess Roskelley, American mountaineer (b. 1982)
Birthday of Queen Margrethe II of Denmark
Emancipation Day (Washington, DC)
World Voice Day
428 - Nestorius becomes Patriarch of Constantinople.
837 - Closest approach between Halley's Comet and Earth.
879 - Louis III and Carloman II become joint Kings of the West Franks.
1500 - Ludovico Sforza is captured by the Swiss troops at Novara.
1606 - The Virginia Company of London is established by royal charter with the purpose of establishing colonial settlements in North America.
1710 - The Statute of Anne, the first law against copyright, enters  into force in Great Britain.
1741 – Prussia defeats Austria in the Battle of Mollwitz.
1809 - Napoleonic Wars: The War of the Fifth Coalition starts, when forces of the Austrian Empire invade Bavaria.
1815 – Mount Tambora eruption covers several islands with ash in Indonesia.
1816 – The U.S. government approved the creation of a Second Bank of the United States.
1821 - Patriarch Gregory V of Constantinople is hanged by the Ottoman Empire.
1849 – Walter Hunt receives a patent for the safety pin.
1864 - Maximilian of Habsburg is proclaimed Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico, during the French intervention in Mexico.
1865 – American Civil War: A day after his surrender to Union forces, Confederate General Robert E. Lee addresses his troops for the last time.
1874 - The first Arbor Day is celebrated in Nebraska.
1887 - Pope Leo XIII, on Easter Sunday, authorizes the creation of The Catholic University of America.
1896 - Spyridon Louis wins the first marathon of the modern Olympic Games.
1906 – The Four Million, O. Henry's second short story collection, is published.
1912 – The RMS Titanic leaves port in Southampton, England.
1916 – The Professional Golfers Association of America (PGA) is created in New York City by 82 charter members.
1919 – Mexican Revolution leader Emiliano Zapata is ambushed and shot dead by government forces in Morelos.
1933 – New Deal: The Civilian Conservation Corps is created.
1938 – Édouard Daladier becomes Prime Minister of France
1939 – Dr. I.Q., the Mental Banker debuts.
1940 - Katyn massacre: Mass execution of 40,000 Polish officers and intelligentsia is approved and signed by Joseph Stalin.
1941 – World War II: The Axis Powers in Europe establish the Independent State of Croatia from occupied Yugoslavia with Ante Pavelić's Ustase fascist insurgents in power.
1944 – Henry Ford II is named executive vice president of Ford Motor Company.
1953 – The House of Wax opens at New York City's Paramount Theater (it was the first color feature in 3-D).
1957 – The Suez Canal is reopened for all shipping after being closed for three months.
1959 – Akihito, future Emperor of Japan, weds Michiko (née Michiko Shoda), a commoner.
1963 – The submarine USS Thresher is lost at sea, with all hands (129 officers, crewmen and civilian technicians)
1968 – Shipwreck of the Wahine outside Wellington harbour.
1970 – Paul McCartney announces that The Beatles have broken up.
1970 – Vietnam War: 48 percent of the Americans polled in a Gallup Poll approve of U.S. President Richard M. Nixon's Vietnam policy, while 41 percent disapprove.
1971 – Cold War: In an attempt to thaw relations with the United States, the People's Republic of China host the U.S. table tennis team for a weeklong visit.
1972 – 20 days after he was kidnapped in Buenos Aires, Oberdan Sallustro is executed by communist guerrillas.
1972 – Vietnam War: For the first time since November 1967 American B-52 bombers reportedly begin bombing North Vietnam.
1973 – A British Vanguard turboprop crashes during a snowstorm at Basel, Switzerland killing 104.
1979 – On the day known to meteorologists as "terrible Tuesday", a tornado hits in Wichita Falls, Texas killing 42 people. (
see Wichita Falls, Texas Tornado).
1988 – The comic strip FoxTrot débuts.
1991 - Italian ferry Moby Prince collides with an oil tanker in dense fog off Livorno, Tuscany, killing 140 people.
1991 - A rare tropical storm develops in the South Atlantic Ocean near Angola.
1992 – The Maraghar Massacre, killing of ethnic Armenian civil population of the village Maraghar by Azerbaijani troops during the Nagorno-Karabakh War.
1998 – The Belfast Agreement is signed.
2006 – In a close election, Romano Prodi is elected Prime Minister of Italy, succeeding Silvio Berlusconi, who later regains this position, in 2008.
2009 - President of Fiji Josefa Iloilo announces he will suspend the constitution and assume all of the governance of the country.
2010 – A plane crash in Smolensk, western Russia, kills 96 people.
Many of them were very important in Poland, including President Lech Kaczynski.
They were on their way to a memorial service to commemorate 70 years since the Katyn massacre.
2015 - A bus and truck collide in southern Morocco, killing 33 people, including schoolchildren.
2016 - The Kollam temple fire in Kerala, Southern India, kills over 100 people.
2019 - Scientists from the Event Horizon Telescope Project announce the first-ever image of a black hole, at the centre of the M87 Galaxy.
2019 - Fossil fragments found in the Callao Cave on the Philippines' island of Luzon reveal the existence of the Homo luzonensis species of human.
401 - Theodosius II, Roman Emperor (d. 450)
1389 – Cosimo de' Medici, ruler of Florence (d. 1464)
1512 – James V of Scotland (exact date uncertain) (d. 1542)
1583 – Hugo Grotius, jurist (d. 1645)