the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
English boroughs
Erin Zariah Sanders (born January 19, 1991 in Santa Monica, California) is an American actress.
She is best known for the Nickelodeon television series Zoey 101.
Reproduction is to create or recreate something, (usually) a new living thing, such as a baby.
In biology, the two types of reproduction are sexual and asexual reproduction.
Sexual reproduction involves two organisms of the same species, each supplying half the genes for the descendant.
Asexual reproduction only involves a single organism; it works by division (or splitting) of the cell.
Most bacteria reproduce by asexual reproduction.
Some organisms can either reproduce sexually or asexually.
Current metropolitan boroughs (post 1974)
The new authorities were actually defined by law as metropolitan districts, however all of them have borough status or city status.
The new metropolitan boroughs replaced the county boroughs, municipal boroughs and urban and rural districts which existed before.
The districts typically have populations of 174,000 to 1.1 million.
In 1986 the old metropolitan county councils were abolished by the Local Government Act 1985 and most of their functions were given to the boroughs, so they are to a large extent unitary authorities.
Some of the functions of the abolished county councils were taken over by joint bodies such as Passenger Transport Authorities, and joint fire, police and waste disposal authorities.
Carly Rae Patterson (born February 4, 1988 in Baton Rouge, Louisiana) was an American gymnast.
She was the 2004 Olympic All-Around Champion.
After the Olympics, she started working as a singer.
She lives in Allen, Texas.
American gymnasts
People from Baton Rouge, Louisiana
Its pattern of two-tier councils remains in use today in large parts of England, although the metropolitan county councils were abolished in 1986 and it was replaced with unitary authorities in many areas in the 1990s.
In Wales, it established a similar pattern of counties and districts.
These have since been entirely replaced with a system of unitary authorities.
In Scotland, the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 established a similar system of two-tier regions and districts in 1975 – this was also replaced by a system of unitary council areas in 1996.
Elections were held to the new authorities in 1973, and they acted as 'shadow authorities' until the handover date.
Elections to county councils were held on April 12, for metropolitan and Welsh districts on May 10 for non-metropolitan district councils on June 7.
Metropolitan counties
Metropolitan districts
Non-metropolitan counties
Non-metropolitan districts
The Local Government Boundary Commission originally proposed 278 non-metropolitan districts in April 1972 (still working with the county boundaries found in the Bill).
A further eighteen districts were added in the final proposals of November 1972, which were then ordered.
Devon: Torridge/North Devon
Dorset : Weymouth and Portland/Purbeck,  North Dorset/East Dorset
Durham : Wear Valley/Teesdale
Hereford and Worcester : Hereford/South Herefordshire/Leominster
Humberside: Holderness/North Wolds
Isle of Wight: South Wight/Medina
Lancashire: Hyndburn/Rossendale
Leicestershire : Rutland/Melton, Harborough/Oadby and Wigston
Lincolnshire: Boston/South Holland
Northamptonshire: Daventry/South Northamptonshire
Northumberland : Berwick-upon-Tweed/Alnwick
Shropshire : Oswestry/North Shropshire, Bridgnorth/South Shropshire
Somerset: Taunton Deane/West Somerset
Suffolk: Forest Heath
Section 265 af the Act allowed for the continuation of the local government arrangements for the Isles of Scilly.
The Isles of Scilly Rural District Council became the Council of the Isles of Scilly, and certain services were to continue to be provided by Cornwall County Council as provided by order in council made by the Secretary of State, although the Isles were not technically in Cornwall before or after 1974.
Elections were held to the new authorities on three different Thursdays in 1973.
Each new county and district was divided into electoral divisions.
For county councils, each electoral division elected one member; for metropolitan district councils, each ward elected three members; and wards in non-metropolitan districts could elect a varying number of members.
There was not sufficient time to conduct a full warding arrangement so a temporary system was used: in some county councils electoral divisions elected multiple councillors.
Text of The English Non-Metropolitan Districts Order 1972 (S.I 1972/2039)
1970s in the United Kingdom
Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom
An Act of Parliament normally starts as a proposed law known as a Bill.
The Bill will then be introduced into the Parliament (House of Commons, House of Representatives, House of Lords or the Senate) for debate and possible approval and enactment.
All Acts of Parliament (since 1988) and Statutory Instruments are available free on-line under Crown copyright terms from the Office of Public Sector Information ( OPSI).
Parliamentary Stages of a Government Bill (pdf) from the House of Commons Information Office.
Acts of Parliament (since 1267) revised to date are available free on-line under Crown copyright terms from the Department of Constitution Affairs ( SLD).
Legislation (or "statutory law") is law which has been created by a legislature or other governing body.
The term may refer to a single law, or the collective body of enacted law, while "statute" is also used to refer to a single law.
Before an item of legislation becomes law it may be known as a bill, which is typically also known as "legislation" while it remains under active consideration.
Those who have the formal power to create legislation are known as legislators, the judicial branch of government may have the formal power to interpret legislation.
Other means of law-making
The act of making legislation is sometimes known as legislating.
Under the doctrine of separation of powers, the law-making function is primarily the responsibility of the legislature.
However, there are situations where legislation is enacted by other means (most commonly when constitutional law is enacted).
These other forms of law-making include referenda and constitutional conventions.
The term "legislation" is sometimes used to describe these situations, but other times, the term is used to distinguish acts of the legislature from these other lawmaking forms.
A bill is a proposed new law introduced within a legislature that has not been adopted.
Once a bill has become law, it is thereafter an act; but in popular usage the two terms are often treated as if they meant the same.
Types of bills
public bills, which apply to the general population
private bills, which only apply to a single person or to a select group of people.
If a private bill is punitive in nature, it is called a bill of attainder.
hybrid bills, which combine elements of both public and private bills.
Note that the concept of hybrid bills is not widely recognised outside the United Kingdom (in particular, it is expressly not recognised in Canada).
local bills, which affect only a certain locality, and are often proposed by local government to the legislature
Bills Committees of the Legislative Council
List of current bills
BBC Parliament Guide:
Making new law
Types of bill
Bill procedure
First reading
Second reading
Commons committee stage
Lords committee stage
Report stage
Third reading
Passage through the other House
Royal assent
How a law is made .
From the North Carolina General Assembly
How a bill becomes a law - related information.
Currently hot issue regarding the Net Neutrality bills become the law .
The term pope is the name several churches give to their highest spiritual leader.
In English, the term usually means the head of the Catholic Church.
The most accurate information about the popes is published every year by the Holy See in the Annuario Pontificio.
Popes with the longest reigns
Saint Peter (30–64 or 67): 34 or 37 years.
Pius IX (1846–1878): 31 years, 7 months and 23 days (11,560 days).
St. John Paul II (1978–2005): 26 years, 5 months and 18 days (9,665 days).
Leo XIII (1878–1903): 25 years, 5 months and 1 day (9,281 days).
Pius VI (1775–1799): 24 years, 6 months and 15 days (8,962 days).
Adrian I (772–795): 23 years, 10 months and 25 days (8,729 days).
Pius VII (1800–1823): 23 years, 5 months and 7 days (8,560 days).
Alexander III (1159–1181): 21 years, 11 months and 24 days (8,029 days).
St. Sylvester I (314–335): 21 years, 11 months and 1 day (8,005 days).
St. Leo I (440–461): 21 years, 1 month, and 13 days. (
7,713 days).
Urban VIII (1623–1644): 20 years, 11 months and 24 days (7,664 days).
Popes with the shortest reigns
Urban VII (September 15–September 27, 1590): reigned for 13 calendar days, died before consecration.
Boniface VI (April, 896): reigned for 16 calendar days
Celestine IV (October 25–November 10, 1241): reigned for 17 calendar days, died before consecration.
Theodore II (December, 897): reigned for 20 calendar days
Sisinnius (January 15–February 4, 708): reigned for 21 calendar days
Marcellus II (April 9–May 1, 1555): reigned for 22 calendar days
Damasus II (July 17–August 9, 1048): reigned for 24 calendar days
Pius III (September 22–October 18, 1503): reigned for 27 calendar days.
Leo XI (April 1–April 27, 1605): reigned for 27 calendar days
Benedict V (May 22–June 23, 964): reigned for 33 calendar days.
John Paul I (August 26–September 28, 1978): reigned for 33 calendar days.
Lists of popes
Webkinz are stuffed animals.
They were first sold by the Ganz company in 2005.
The toys are similar to other small plush toys.
Each toy comes with a special code that lets the person who owns it use the "Webkinz World" website.
On the website, users can "adopt" an online version of the pet to play with.
The toys have been advertised in a way that is similar to Ty Beanie Babies.
After some time, certain types of the toy are "retired" or no longer sold.
This makes the toys more valuable after they are retired and people can sell them for more money.
Usually,  retired Webkinz are sold at the $20 - $100 range. (
USD) Webkinz have been very popular.
Ganz says more than 2 million toys have been sold to retailers.
They also say there are 1 million users of the Webkinz website.
More than $1 million (USD) in toys were sold in the United States in 2006.
When a person buys a Webkinz at a store, they get a code that allows them to use the website for one year.
After that time, the person can still use the account, but there are some things that they can't do on there anymore.
To be able to do everything, they must buy another Webkinz toy.
Online, users can play with their pets in many ways.
For example they can feed them, exercise them, or play games.
When they play games, they earn "KinzCash", the money that is used on the site to buy things for their pets.
Now, Ganz has made the Ganz E-store, where you can buy Webkinz codes and items with just a credit card and a click.
They also made tinier versions called Lil' Kinz plush toys.
Webkinz official website
Teddy Bear, Version 2.0 - Washington Post article
The list of popes begins with St. Peter and continues through the present day.
The pope is the head of the Catholic Church.
Peter was called the Bishop of Rome.
All others who became Bishop of Rome were also recognized as popes.
Chronological list of popes
The list sometimes says interregnum.
This is Latin for "between reigns".
It means there was no Pope; as in a Pope had passed away, and his successor hadn't yet been elected.
From 30 to 249
From 250 to 499
From 500 to 749
From 750 to 999
From 1000 to 1249
From 1254 to 1492
From 1503 to 1740
From 1758 to 2005
John N.D. Kelly, The Oxford Dictionary of Popes, Oxford University Press, 1986.
AA.VV.,
Enciclopedia dei Papi, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia italiana, 2000.
Pontificia Amministrazione della Patriarcale Basilica di San Paolo, I Papi.
Venti secoli di storia, Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2002.
Giga-Catholic Information
Popes & Anti-Popes
Towradgi is a small suburb, north of Wollongong.
It is on the coast and close to beaches.
It has a school, soccer fields, a lawn-bowling field, and many other attractions.
It has a few restaurants/dining places.
Towradgi Surf Life Saving Club, NSW Australia
Towradgi Beach Hotel
Towradgi Community Web Portal
Settlements in New South Wales
ACID is a concept used with Databases.
It is an abbreviation.
It stands for
Atomicity - something is either done completely, or not done at all.
The state of doing it is not visible outside the database.
Consistency - The database is in a legal state at all times.
When a transaction occurs, it can not break the rules.
These rules are about integrity, what is allowed and what is not allowed in certain locations of the database.
Isolation - There can be more than one transaction occurring at the same time.
A certain transaction will not see changes made by other transactions.
Durability - When a transaction is done, it will be committed.
After it is committed, it can no longer be undone.
With databases, a transaction is a point where there is interaction with the database.
Maybe, something is asked from the database.
Sometimes the data in the database may also be changed.
A database transaction is generally atomic.
That means, it is either done completely, or it is not done.
The state of it being done is not visible.
If it is not done completely, any changes it made will be undone.
This is known as rollback.
(, , , ; anglicized Argovia) is one of the more northerly cantons of Switzerland.
It is near the lower course of the river Aare, which is why the canton is called Aargau (meaning Aare district).
The cantons of Basel-Landschaft, Solothurn and Bern lie to the west.
Lucerne is to the south Zug and Zürich are to the east.
To the north is Germany.
About 580.000 people live in the canton.
Its capital is Aarau.
Aarau with capital Aarau.
Baden with capital Baden.
Bremgarten with capital Bremgarten.
Brugg with capital Brugg.
Kulm with capital Unterkulm.
Laufenburg with capital Laufenburg, Switzerland.
Lenzburg with capital Lenzburg.
Muri with capital Muri.
Rheinfelden with capital Rheinfelden.
Zofingen with capital Zofingen.
Zurzach with capital Zurzach.
Company Formation Aargau
The Netherlands has 344 municipalities in 12 provinces in Europe and 3 special municipalities (public bodies) in the Caribbean, the Caribbean Netherlands.
Together 347 municipalities since (April) 2022.
Special municipalities in the Caribbean
Municipalities by province
Municipalities by alphabetical order
Dutch municipalities
The modern day European Netherlands are divided into twelve provinces (provincies in Dutch).
The Caribbean Netherlands and other countries within the Kingdom of the Netherlands are completely separate.
A Dutch province is the administrative layer in between the national government and the local municipalities.
It has the responsibility for matters of regional importance.
The government of each province is made  of three major parts: the Provinciale Staten which is the provincial parliament elected every four years.
Elected from its members are the Gedeputeerde Staten, a college charged with most executive tasks.
This college is presided by the Commissaris van de Koningin or royal commissioner, appointed by the Crown.
The twelve provinces are listed below with their people, area, density, and so on:
Almost all Dutch provinces came from a medieval state, like a county or duchy.
This is the same with the regions of Belgium.
Their status changed once they came under the influence of a ruler.
This single ruler then centralised their administration.
They then became provinces of a larger state.
In total there are 17 provinces today.
From these unified Netherlands, seven northern provinces formed the Republic of the Seven United Provinces in the 16th century.
These were Holland, Zeeland, Gelderland, Utrecht, Friesland, Overijssel and Groningen.
The Republic's lands also included Drenthe (one of the 17, but without the autonomous status of the others), and parts of Brabant, Limburg and Flanders, which were considered to be "conquered lands" and were governed directly by the Staten-Generaal, the parliament.
From this came their name Generality Lands.
They were called Staats-Brabant, Staats-Limburg and Staats-Vlaanderen, meaning "of the state".
Each of these "Netherlands" had a high degree of autonomy.
They co-operated with each other mainly on defense and on the international level in general.
They kept to their own affairs elsewhere.
On January 1, 1796, during the Batavian Republic, Drenthe and Staats-Brabant became the eighth and ninth provinces of the Netherlands; the latter known as Bataafs Brabant, Batavian Brabant, changing its name to Noord Brabant, North Brabant, in 1815 when it became part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands.
This kingdom also contained (then) South Brabant, a province in Belgium.
This new unified state featured the provinces in their modern form.
Today, they are non-autonomous subdivisions of the national state.
There are again numbering 17 provinces, though not all are the same as the 16th century ones.
In 1839, with the independence of Belgium, the original single province of Limburg was divided between the two countries.
Each country now has a province called Limburg.
A year later, Holland, the largest and most populous of the Dutch provinces, was also split into two provinces for a total of 11.
The 12th member was to be Flevoland, a province consisting almost entirely of reclaimed land, established on January 1, 1986.
The Departments of the French Period
During the Batavian Republic, the Netherlands were from 1798 to 1801 completely reorganised into 8 new departments, most named after rivers, inspired by the French revolutionary example, in an attempt to do away with the old autonomous provincial status.
They are listed below, with their capitals and the territory of the former provinces they mostly incorporated:
After only three years, following a coup d'état, the borders of the former provinces were restored, though not their autonomous status.
They were now also called "departments" and Drenthe was added to Overijssel.
In 1806 the Kingdom of Holland replaced the republic to further French interests.
It was during this administration that Holland was first split in two, with the department of Amstelland to the north and that of Maasland to the south.
East Frisia, then as now in Germany, was added to the kingdom as a department in 1807 and Drenthe split off again making a total of 11 departments.
When the Netherlands finally did become fully part of France in 1810, the departments of the kingdom and their borders were largely maintained, with some joined together.
They were however nearly all renamed, again mainly after rivers, though the names differed from their Batavian counterparts.
Following are their names and the modern day province they corresponded for the most part to:
With the defeat and withdrawal of the French in 1813, the old provinces and their names were re-established, Holland was reunited and East-Frisia went its separate way.
The 17 provinces of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands were for a significant part based on the former French departments and their borders, in particular in what would later become Belgium.
Dutch provinces
Flevoland is one of the provinces of the Netherlands.
Lelystad is its capital, but Almere is its biggest city.
About 428,000 people are living in Flevoland (2021).
North Brabant (Dutch: 'Noord-Brabant') is a  province of the Netherlands.
It is in the south of the country.
It is bordered by Belgium in the south, the Meuse River (Maas) in the north, Limburg in the east and Zeeland in the west.
See Google maps.
Its capital is 's-Hertogenbosch.
The largest city is Eindhoven.
About 2,574,000 people are living in North Brabant (2021).
The Local Government Act 1985 was an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom.
Its main effect was to abolish the county councils of the metropolitan counties that had been set up in 1974 by the Local Government Act 1972, along with the Greater London Council that had been established in 1965.
It came into effect on 1 April 1986.
The metropolitan boroughs and London boroughs got some of the powers of the former institutions, but others went to central government.
At the time of the Act, one third of the population of England were living in Greater London and the metropolitan counties.
The act established a system of joint-boards to take over some of the functions of the abolished councils in the metropolitan counties and in Greater London.
The joint-boards had councillors appointed by the boroughs.
28 Days Later (2002)
28 Weeks Later (2007)
After Death (1988)
The Aftermath (1982)
Alien Dead (1980)
All Souls Day (2005)
Astro-Zombies (1969)
Battlefield Baseball (2003)
The Beyond (1981)
Beyond Re-Animator (2003)
Bio Zombie (1998)
The Boneyard (1991)
Boy Eats Girl (2005)
Braindead (1992)
Bride of Re-Animator (1990)
Bubba's Chili Parlor (2005)
Burial Ground: The Nights of Terror (1981)
Cemetery Man (1994)
The Children (1980)
Children of the Living Dead (2001)
Children Shouldn't Play With Dead Things (1972)
Choking Hazard (2004)
Chopper Chicks in Zombie Town (1991)
C.H.U.D. II: Bud the C.H.U.D. (1989)
City of the Living Dead (1980)
Dawn of the Dead (1978)
Dawn of the Dead (2004)
Day of the Dead (1985)
Day of the Dead 2: Contagium (2005)
Day of the Dead (2007)
Dead & Breakfast (2004)
Dead & Buried (1981)
The Dead Hate the Living! (
Dead Meat (2004)
The Dead Next Door (1988)
Dellamorte Dellamore (1994)
Diamond Dead (2007)
Diary of the Dead (2007)
Evil (2005)
Fido (2006)
Flesheater (1994)
Flight of the Living Dead: Outbreak on a Plane (2007)
The Ghost Breakers (1940)
The Ghost Galleon (1974)
Heavy Metal, story "B-17" (1981)
Hell of the Living Dead (1981)
Hide and Creep (2004)
Homecoming (2005)
Hood of the Living Dead (2005)
House (1986)
The House by the Cemetery (1981)
House of the Dead (2003)
House of the Dead 2 (2005)
I Walked with a Zombie (1943)
I Was a Teenage Zombie (1987)
I'll See You in My Dreams (2003)
The Incredibly Strange Creatures Who Stopped Living and Became Mixed-Up Zombies (1964)
I, Zombie (1998)
Junk the Movie (2000)
King of the Zombies (1941)
Killing Birds (1991)
(Zombie 5: Killer Birds)
Land of the Dead (2005)
(George A. Romero's Land of the Dead)
Last Man on Earth (1964)
Legion of the Night (1995)
Let Sleeping Corpses Lie (1974)
(Non si deve profanare il sonno dei morti)
(Don't Open The Window)
Lifeforce (1985) - Hybrid Space Vampires with Zombie behaviorisms
Mortuary (2006)
Night of the Comet (1984)
Night of the Creeps (1986)
Night of the Living Dead (1968)
Night of the Living Dead (1990)
Night of the Living Dead 3-D (2006)
Night of the Seagulls (1975)
Oasis of the Zombies (1983)
The Omega Man (1971)
Outpost (2007)
Pet Sematary (1989)
Pet Sematary II (1992)
The Plague of the Zombies (1966)
The Plague (2006)
Plan 9 from Outer Space (1959)
Planet Terror (2007)
Plane Dead (2007)
The Quick and the Undead (2006)
Raiders of the Living Dead (1986)
Re-Animator (1985)
Redneck Zombies (1987)
Resident Evil (2002)
Resident Evil: Apocalypse (2004)
Resident Evil: Extinction (2007)
Resident Evil: Degeneration (2008)
Return of the Blind Dead (1973)
Return of the Living Dead (1985)
Return of the Living Dead Part II (1988)
Return of the Living Dead 3 (1993)
Return of the Living Dead 4: Necropolis (2005)
Return of the Living Dead 5: Rave to the Grave (2005)
Revolt of the Zombies (1936)
Route 666 (2001)
SARS Wars (2004)
Scooby-Doo on Zombie Island The Serpent and the Rainbow (1988)
Santo Contra los Zombis (1962)
Severed (2005)
Shatter Dead (1994)
Shaun of the Dead (2004)
Shock Waves (1977)
Stacy (2001)
Sugar Hill (1974)Slither (2006)
Tombs of the Blind Dead (1971)
They Came Back (2004)The Dead Next Door (1988)
Undead (2003)
Vampires vs. Zombies (2004)
Versus (2000)
(The Forest of Resurrection)
Video Dead (1987)
""Vengeance of the Zombies"" (1972)
Waxwork (1988)
Waxwork II: Lost in Time (1992)
"Weekend At Bernie's 2" (1993)
White Zombie (movie) (1932)
Wicked Little Things (2006)
Wild Zero (2000)
Zombi II (1979)
Zombi III (1988)
Zombiegeddon (2003)
Zombie Genocide (1993)
Zombie High (1987)
Zombie Honeymoon (2004)
Zombie Night (2003)
Zombie Nightmare (1986)
Zombie Planet (2004)
Zombie Town (2007)
Zombies (2006)
Zombies of the Stratosphere (1952)
Zombies on Broadway
Zombieland (2009)
Zombieland: Double Tap (2019)
The Greater London Council (GLC) was the local government administrative body for Greater London from 1965 to 1986.
It replaced the earlier London County Council (LCC) which had covered a much smaller area.
The Labour Party had controlled the LCC from 1934 and by the 1950s the Conservative Government considered that elections were becoming one-sided, since the London County Council (LCC) covered only the inner (generally Labour-voting) districts.
The government sought to create a new body covering all of London.
Abolition
Livingstone's high-spend socialist policies put the GLC into direct conflict with Margaret Thatcher's Conservative government.
Livingstone soon became a thorn in the side of the sitting Tory government.
He deliberately antagonised Mrs. Thatcher through a series of actions (including posting a billboard of London's rising unemployment figures on the side of, and endorsing a statue of Nelson Mandela whilst Thatcher regarded the future South African president as a terrorist.
After its abolition, London was left as the only major city in the world without a central administrative body.
Most of the powers of the GLC were given to the London boroughs.
Some powers, such as the fire service, were taken over by joint boards made up of councillors appointed by the boroughs - see waste authorities in Greater London for an example.
In total, around 100 organisations were responsible for service delivery in Greater London.
Tony Blair's Labour government was elected in 1997, and was committed to bring back London-wide government.
In 1999 a referendum was held on the establishment of a new London authority and elected mayor, which was approved by a two to one margin.
The new Greater London Authority (GLA) was established in 2000.
The GLA has a very different structure to the GLC, it consisted of a directly elected Mayor of London and a London Assembly.
The Mayor of London elections were won by the same Ken Livingstone, who began his victory speech with the words: "As I was saying before I was so rudely interrupted 14 years ago".
The Greater London Authority (GLA) controls the 1579 km² (610 sq.
miles) of Greater London, England, covering the 32 London boroughs and the City of London.
The GLA members are the Mayor and the 25 people the London Assembly.
The current Mayor of London is Sadiq Khan.
The GLA was created to improve the coordination between the London boroughs, and the Mayor of London's role is to give London a single person to represent it.
The Mayor proposes policy and the GLA's budget, and makes appointments to the capital's strategic transport body (Transport for London) and economic development body (the London Development Agency).
One of the primary purposes of the London Assembly is to hold the Mayor of London to account.
The Assembly must also accept or amend(change) the Mayor's budget on an annual basis(every year).
The GLA is different from the Corporation of the City of London with its largely ceremonial Lord Mayor.
Corporation controls only the square mile of the City, London's chief financial centre.
The GLA governs a much wider area
The GLA's website
About the GLA - Website detailing the powers of the GLA
Greater London Authority Review, 2005-06 - House of Commons Library Standard Note
Wikisource - Referendum Results
Citymayors.com profile page on GLA history
MayorWatch.co.uk Independent guide to London Government
The Mayor of London is an elected politician in London.
The role, created in 2000, was the first directly elected mayor in the United Kingdom.
The Mayor of London is also referred to as the London Mayor, a form which helps to avoid confusion with the Lord Mayor of London, the ancient and now mainly ceremonial role in the City of London.
The Mayor of London is mayor of Greater London, which has a population of over 7.5 million while the City of London is only a small part of the modern city centre and has a population of less than 10,000.
The first elected Mayor of London is Ken Livingstone, who was re-elected in 2004.
Boris Johnson was elected mayor in 2008.
Johnson announced that he will not run for re-election in 2016.
Sadiq Khan was elected mayor in 2016.
The Mayor is responsible for budgeting and strategic planning of some governmental functions across the whole of the London region.
The plans of the mayor are looked at by the London Assembly and actioned by the Greater London Authority.
Responsibilities include transport, the police, fire and emergency services, cultural strategy and economic development.
The mayor of London's salary is one that ranks along that of a government cabinet minister's.
The current salary is £137,579 per year.
List of mayors of London
This provides a list of people who have held the office of Mayor of London,
Mayor of London website
Mayor of London's Cultural Strategy Group
Page about the process of nomination
Page about Ken Livingstone's relationship with Labour
The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame (RRHOF), sometimes simply referred to as the Rock Hall, is a museum in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, which has information on the history of some of the best-known and most influential artists, producers, and other people who have in some major way influenced the music industry, mostly in the area of rock music.
First artists
The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame - official site
Future Rock Hall – lists eligible artists
Images and architectural information
How do you get into the Rock Hall of Fame?
2007 Induction Concert and Ceremony Video Archived on Spinner.com
Museums in the United States
Buildings and structures in Ohio
McKinley Morganfield (April 4, 1913April 30, 1983), known professionally as Muddy Waters,  was an American blues musician.
He is considered "the Father of Chicago blues".
He is also the actual father of blues musician Big Bill Morganfield.
Muddy Waters is considered to be one of the greatest bluesmen of all time, and in 2004 he was ranked #17 in Rolling Stone Magazine's list of the 100 Greatest Artists of All Time.
Muddy Waters was born in Rolling Fork, Mississippi.
He liked playing in a creek near his home so his sister gave him the nickname "Muddy Waters".
His mother died and he grew up at his grandmothers home in Clarksdale.
He learned to play the harp and played together with other musicans in juke joints and for parties.
While he was working as tractor driver at the Stovall plantation he was recorded by Alan Lomax for the Library of Congress.
Two songs (Country Blues/I Be's Troubled) were put on a record for documentary reasons.
The first release of these recordings was 1993 by MCA Records. (
The Complete Plantation Recordings)
1943 Waters went, like a lot of other musicans from the Mississippi delta, north to Chicago.
He worked in a papermill and played and got a reputation as musican.
To be louder than the visitors of the crowded clubs he changed the acoustic guitar for an electric guitar.
Until 1948 he recorded for some minor labels amongst others with Sunnyland Slim, a pianist.
Sunnyland Slim took him along as he recorded for Aristocrat Records.
There he had the chance to record two sides(Gypsy Woman/Little Annie Mae).
They were not successful but he had the chance to record again.
He recorded I Can't Be Satisfied and I Feel Like Going Home, which were successful in the Chicago area.
With his own band he recorded now and had success.
Hits from the beginning of the 1950s were Louisiana Blues (1951), Long Distance Call (1951), Still A Fool (1951) and She Moves Me (1952).
The 1950s were commercially and artistically successful.
He became the "King of the Chicago Blues".
A lot of musicians who played in his band later were stars of the blues scene themself. (
Otis Spann, Little Walter, Junior Wells, Big Walter Horton, James Cotton...).
Willie Dixon, who played the bass and produced for Chess Records, wrote a lot of his hits from this time.(I'm Your Hoochie Coochie Man (1954), Just Make Love To Me (1954), Mannish Boy (1955), Trouble No More (1956) ) Muddy Waters  also played outside the USA.
1958 he played some concerts in Great Britain with Chris Barber.
1960 he played at the Newport Jazz Festival, the first time it was possible for a white audience to hear him.
As a recording artist the 1960s were not good.
But the white audience even in Europe discovered him.
A band from London was named after one of his songs. (
The Rolling Stones).
His importance for young musicans was documented in the album "Fathers and Sons" where Muddy Waters, the father, played together with his sons Mike Bloomfield, Paul Butterfield and Donald "Duck" Dunn, all of them white.
In the 1970s he tightend his reputation as live act.
He played great festivals like the Montreux Jazz Festival.
But also his albums were acclaimed, so the album "Hard again".
This album was produced by the guitarist Johnny Winter.
Unlike T-Bone Walker, who also used an electric guitar, Waters  used riffs consisting of only few accords.
This was model for later guitarist.
A lot of his songs was covered by other great musicians.
The music was used in movies (especially in longtime fan Martin Scorsese's movies, including The Color of Money, Casino and Goodfellas).
Even commercials used them.
Selected albums
The following lists most of the albums released during his career and the more recent and available compilations released after his death.
{|class="wikitable"
style="width:40px;"| Year
style="width:470px;"| Title
| 1958
| The Best of Muddy Waters
| Chess
| rowspan="2" | 1960
| Muddy Waters sings Big Bill Broonzy
| At Newport 1960
| Folk Singer
| rowspan="2" | 1966
| The Real Folk Blues
| Down on Stovall's Plantation: His First Recordings
| Testament
| 1967
| More Real Folk Blues
| Electric Mud
| Cadet Concept
| rowspan="3" | 1969
| After the Rain
| Fathers and Sons
| Sail On
| rowspan="2" | 1971
| They Call Me Muddy Waters
| Live (at Mr. Kelley's)
| 1972
| The London Muddy Waters Sessions
| rowspan="2" | 1973
| ''Can't Get No Grindin| Chess
| "Unk" in Funk
| The Muddy Waters Woodstock Album
| 1977
| Hard Again
| Blue Sky
| I'm Ready
| Muddy "Mississippi" Waters - Live
| 1981
| King Bee
| The Chess Box
| MCA/Chess
| The Complete Plantation Recordings
| 1994
| One More Mile
| rowspan="2" | 2000
| Rollin' Stone: The Golden Anniversary Collection (Chess Masters 1947–1952)
| The Lost Tapes
| Blind Pig
| rowspan="2" | 2001
| Muddy Waters 1941–1946
| Document
| The Anthology (1947–1972)
| Hoochie Coochie Man: Complete Chess Masters, Vol.
2: 1952–1958
| Hip-O Select/Chess
| The Definitive Collection
| Geffen/Chess
| Breakin' It Up, Breakin' It Down (Muddy Waters, Johnny Winter, & James Cotton)
| Epic/Legacy
| Authorized Bootleg: Live at the Fillmore Auditorium November 4–6, 1966
Selected singles
Muddy Waters released approximately sixty singles (120 "sides") during his career, sixteen of which made the charts.
The chart position is the highest in the Billboard Rhythm and Blues charts.
Members of Muddy Waters Band/Musicans during recordings
The Blues Foundation Awards
InductionsU.S. Postage Stamp'''
Muddy Waters entry at the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
Chicago blues musicians
A lawsuit, an action brought before a court, as to recover a right or redress a grievance.
Suit (clothing), a combination of clothing, such as a jacket and matching trousers,
Environmental suit, a piece of clothing used for a particular activity or in a particular environment, for example a space suit or diving suit.
Jumpsuit, catsuit, wetsuit, or swimsuit, a one-piece outfit.
Suit (cards), one of four categories into which a deck of cards is divided.
Slang for a professional, The Establishment, management or government employee, because they wear a suit (clothing).
Used pejoratively by  Beats, artists, and hackers to refer to anyone in a position of authority.
Suit (album), the name of one of rapper Nelly's 2004 albums.
Suits, the third album by Fish.
Suit (comic), a fictional character in the marvel universe, appearing first in the Venom series.
A suit is a set of clothing intended to be worn together.
It may be a semi-formal 'lounge suit' or 'business suit'.
It always includes a jacket and trousers (pants).
In classical gentlemen's tailoring, a waistcoat (U.S: vest) is usually worn with single-breasted suits.
In formal or semi-formal wear, the suit is worn with various other items.
Quality socks, leather lace-up shoes, and a tie are essential: if a tie is not worn, that is casual wear.
This outfit is worn in many countries by men in professional jobs such as business, law, and politics.
It is also sometimes worn by women and in such cases a dress skirt or tailored trousers are worn.
A suit can be part of a dress code, a set of rules that say what people should wear at an event.
Ideally, a suit is tailored to the individual wearer. '
Off-the-peg' suits are much cheaper, but they may need adjusting by a tailor.
Parts of a suit
A coat or jacket ('coat' is the traditional name in tailoring).
This is usually made of worsted wool, but silk, cotton, linen or polyester are also possible.
Suit jackets come in many colours, but the most common are  dark blue, brown and grey.
Suit jackets come in different styles including double-breasted (buttons on both sides of the front), single-breasted (buttons down one side of the front only), two-button, three-button or more.
Trousers (U.S: dress pants) should match the coat.
It is essential that the jacket and trousers should be made of the same cloth by the same tailors.
If not, the outfit is casual.
Trousers are worn ironed, with a crease.
Waistcoat (vest), either in the same cloth, or a fancy design in silk.
The shirt is made of silk, cotton or linen.
It may have a stiff collar, and is ironed.
Shirts worn with suits need not be white, but should be of conservative style.
A tie is usually worn.
It made be of silk or polyester, and it usually has a colour or pattern on it.
Occasionally, a suit is worn with a bow tie or no tie at all.
Sometimes, if a waistcoat is not worn, a lightweight sleeveless v-neck wool garment may be worn.
Socks are often made of silk, cotton or a mix of cotton and polyester.
Dress socks are usually in a dark colour such as black, dark blue or grey.
In some countries, such as Germany, many men wear tights under their suits.
Shoes are usually made of leather, and usually dark-coloured leather (black or brown) which is waxed and polished.
Social aspects
As a general guide, dress is more formal in northern Europe and the eastern United States, especially New York.
More relaxed styles are found in warmer climates such as southern Europe and the western United States.
The main differences are the tie, which is rarely worn in warmer climes, and the colours, which tend to be brighter in warmer climes.
The suit has become the standard dress in international politics and business.
This applies to almost all countries.
The exceptions are countries whose leaders wish to make a "statement".
By that is meant, they want to underline their difference by making a non-verbal show of independence.
Examples would be people of high status from the Middle East or from some African countries.
Another angle is cost.
Suits are expensive, because to fit well they need to be tailored.
Ordinary people wear them less today than fifty years ago, and this is one of the main reasons.
They are semi-formal clothing, good for wearing to the office, but not so good for watching a football match.
A trend towards informal dress started in the 1960s and 1970s, and has changed the way many people dress.
All the same, high-status men do still wear suits.
They "say" something about the wearer, or so  it is thought.
The evolution of the suit began with changes made to formal English male dress by Beau Brummell in the early 1800s.
More changes were made later in the 19th century by tailors in London and elsewhere.
By the end of that century photographs show men wearing suits that are almost the same as those worn today.
Deal or No Deal is a game show in more than 40 countries on the world created by John de Mol.
It began in the Netherlands in 2000.
Deal or No Deal involves a contestant, a host/presenter, a banker, and a number of briefcases (or boxes), with each having a different (and initially unknown) value.
Each game starts with the contestant selecting one of the cases–this first case's value is not known until the game ends.
During the rest of the game, the contestant opens the rest of the cases, one at a time, revealing its value.
Each time after a specified number of cases are opened, the banker offers the contestant a certain amount of money to end the game.
If the contestant takes an offer, the game ends, otherwise the contestant ends up with the money from the first case.
Since the range of possible values for cases is known at the start of each game, how much the banker offers at any given point changes based on what cases have been eliminated.
To promote suspense and lengthen games, the banker's offer usually strays from the expected value dictated by probability theory, particularly early in the game.
However it is not uncommon for the bank's offer to exceed the player's expected value very late in the game.
Worldwide, the largest amount offer (in terms of exchange rates) was €1,495,000 (equal to $1,737,250) on the original Miljoenenjacht, on November 13, 2005 (which was accepted, the contestant's case only had €1,000).
Only a few people have ever won the top prize on any version of the show.
United States/Canada
Samuel John "Lightnin'" Hopkins (March 15, 1912 - January 30, 1982) was a country blues guitar player and singer.
He was  from Houston, Texas.
1959 - Lightnin' Hopkins
1959 - Lightnin' and the Blues
1960 - Last Night Blues (Bluesville)
1960 - Lightnin'  (Bluesville)
1962 - Walkin' This Road By Myself (Bluesville)
1962 - Lightnin' and Co. (Bluesville)
1962 - Lightnin' Strikes (Vee Jay)
1963 - Blues in My Bottle (Bluesville)
1963 - Smokes Like Lightnin'  (Bluesville)
1963 - Goin' Away (Bluesville)
1964 - Down Home Blues (Bluesville)
1965 - Hootin' the Blues (Bluesville)
1965 - Lightnin' Strikes (Tradition)
1965 - The Roots of Lightnin' Hopkins
1966 - Soul Blues (Bluesville)
1967 - My Life in the Blues (Bluesville)
1967 - Original Folk Blues (Kent)
1967 - Lightnin'! (
Arhoolie)
1968 - Freeform Patterns (International Artists)
1991 - Swathmore Concert Live, 1964
1995 - Po' Lightning
1999 - The Very Best of Lightnin' Hopkins
Blues Foundation Hall of Fame Induction, 1980
The Right Honourable the Lord Mayor of London is the Mayor of the City of London and head of the Corporation of London.
The Lord Mayor of London is not the same person as the Mayor of London; The Lord Mayor is an officer only of the City of London.
The Mayor of London governs the much larger area of Greater London.
The Lord Mayor is elected each year at the end of September or the beginning of October, and takes office in November.
On the day after taking office, the Lord Mayor's Show is held.
The Lord Mayor's role is mostly ceremonial and social, not political, although he does promote London's business credentials abroad.
The Lord Mayor of London is also the chancellor of the City University of London.
Titles and honours
Of the 66 cities in the United Kingdom, the City of London is among the 30 that have Lord Mayors (or, in Scotland, Lord Provosts).
The Lord Mayor is entitled to the style The Right Honourable; the same privilege extends only to the Lord Mayors of Bristol, York, Cardiff and Belfast, and to the Lord Provosts of Edinburgh and Glasgow.
The style, however, is used when referring to the office and not to the person; "The Rt Hon The Lord Mayor of London" would be correct, while "The Rt Hon John Smith" would be incorrect.
A woman who holds the office is also known as a Lord Mayor.
A male Lord Mayor's wife is known as a Lady Mayoress.
In speech, a Lord Mayor is referred to as "My Lord Mayor", and a Lady Mayoress as "My Lady Mayoress".
It was once use for Lord Mayors to be created knights when they took office and baronets when they retired.
The custom was applied inconsistently from the sixteenth until the nineteenth centuries; creations became more regular from 1889 onwards.
From 1964 onwards, the regular creation of hereditary dignities such as baronetcies stopped, but Lord Mayors continued to be granted knighthoods (usually of the rank of Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire) until 1993.
Since 1993, Lord Mayors have not received any automatic honours upon appointment.
Chief Magistrate of the City of London
Admiral of the Port of London
Chancellor of City University
President of the City of London Reserve Forces and Cadets Association
Trustee of St Paul's Cathedral
Ambassador for the London Olympics Team 2012
de facto Lord Lieutenant for the city, as he also presides over Her Majesty's Commission of Lieutenancy for the City of London
A link with the Livery Companies of London
Lord Mayor official page
Richard Wayne Penniman (December 5, 1932 – May 9, 2020), known by his stage name Little Richard, was an American recording artist, songwriter, and musician.
He was one of the early creators of rock and roll music in the 1950s.
In 1951 Little Richard began his music career by making gospel and jazz influenced rhythm and blues.
He did not sell many records until 1955 when he added a loud drum beat and loud Gospel-style singing and boogie-woogie piano playing.
This new music would come to be known as of rock and roll.
Little Richard influenced many rock and roll musicians who started after him.
In 1957, when he was at his most popular point, Little Richard quit rock and roll music.
He went to Bible college and became a church preacher.
He then went on to play only Gospel music for many years.
He returned to playing rock and roll when he was older, and also continued playing Gospel music.
In 1986, Little Richard was added into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
He was one of the first seven people to be added to the museum.
Little Richard died of bone cancer on May 9, 2020 at his brother's home in Tullahoma, Tennessee at the age of 87.
He is survived by his brother, sister and his adopted son Danny.
Hear Little Richard on the Pop Chronicles
Musicians from Tennessee
Writers from Georgia (U.S. state)
Writers from Tennessee
People from Macon, Georgia
People from Lynchburg, Tennessee
The Monterey International Pop Music Festival took place from June 16 to June 18, 1967.
Over 200,000 people went, and it is often seen as the beginning of the "rock era", replacing the earlier term "rock and roll".
The festival was a cultural inspiration for future events.
Many of the performers (like Jimi Hendrix and Janis Joplin) became major celebrities through their appearances, while older acts (like The Beach Boys, who were scheduled to appear but cancelled) were seen as obsolete.
People who played
Friday, June 16
The Paupers
Saturday, June 17
Country Joe and The Fish
Al Kooper
The Butterfield Blues Band
The Electric Flag
Booker T and The MG's
Sunday, June 18
The Blues Project
The Group With No Name
The Official Blog for the Monterey Pop Festival Foundation
Monterey Pop Festival Art Director Tom Wilkes
1967 in music
Music in California
"I Have a Dream" is the name of a speech Martin Luther King, Jr. gave on August 28,1963 while standing on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C.. In his speech, he spoke of his wish for the future.
His wish was that people of different races could live together peacefully in the United States.
The speech was given to over 200,000 supporters.
He spoke of the discrimination that the black men have faced even though they were to be treated as equals after the great Abraham Lincoln signed the momentous decree; the Emancipation Proclamation.
The speech is very famous.
Many have called it "the best speech given in the 20th century".
"I Have a Dream" Text and Audio from AmericanRhetoric.com
SouthCoastToday.com: A read on a 4th, 5th and 6th graders' take on Martin
1963 in the United States
1960s in Washington, D.C.
The Secret Intelligence Service (SIS), commonly known as MI6, is the United Kingdom's intelligence agency which collects intelligence about foreign countries.
It is a branch of the Foreign Service, and reports to the Joint Intelligence Committee.
The service works with the Security Service (MI5), Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) and the Defence Intelligence (DIS).
SIS deal with the United Kingdom's espionage (spying) activities outside the United Kingdom.