the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
Approche synoptique du Document Philosophique de Memphis et du Grand Hymne Théologique d'Echnaton, (Academy of African Thought, Sect.
2)", Kinshasa-Munich 1988; new ed.,
Munich-Paris, 2004.
Ancient Egyptian Gods - Aldokkan
Hare, J.B., "ancient Egypt". (
sacred-texts.com)
"Ancient Egyptian architecture: temples".
University College London.
O'Brien, Alexandra A., "Death in ancient Egypt".
Kyle Broflovski (sometimes called Brovlofski or Broflofski) is a fictional character in the animated television series South Park.
He is voiced by and influenced by Matt Stone, one of the people who made the show.
Kyle is one of the four main characters.
The other three main characters are Stan Marsh, Kenny McCormick, and Eric Cartman.
He is friends with Stan and Kenny.
They are all in fourth grade.
They all hang out with Eric Cartman.
They do not like him because he can be mean and offensive.
Kyle usually acts as the protagonist to Cartman's antagonist.
Because Kyle is one of the few Jewish children on the show, he sometimes feels like an outcast between the main group of characters.
Kyle lives with his family in the fictional town of South Park, Colorado.
He has an adopted brother named Ike.
Ike is from Canada.
Both Kyle and Ike are Jewish.
Kyle is one of the smartest students in the fourth grade class at his elementary school.
Cartman usually makes fun of Kyle because he is Jewish.
Keeping with the animation style of South Park, Kyle is created from simple geometrical shapes.
He is not given the same free range of motion like characters that are drawn by hand.
In one of the earliest episodes, he was created out of construction paper cutouts and animated with the use of stop motion.
Kyle is now animated with computer software.
He is shown to give the sense that the show still uses the original animation technique.
Kyle wears a bright green cap with ear flaps (shapka or bomber-hat), a bright orange jacket, dark green pants, and lime-green mittens or gloves.
When he is not seen wearing his cap (which does not happen very often), he is shown to have a bright red-to-auburn Jewfro.
He does not like this hairstyle.
Kyle's father, Gerald is a caring parent to Kyle who usually tries to teach him important morals and ethics.
His mother, Sheila is a very overprotective and has a knack for fequently protesting in things that opposes or comes across her ideas or beliefs.
Even though her personality sometimes bothers Kyle, he is known to have still loved her and would come to here defense when Cartman would make fun of Kyle's mom.
Sheila is based on the stereotype about Jewish mothers.
Kyle usually has a good relationship with his parents, although he sometimes would rebel against them.
Kyle also has one brother, Ike.
Ike is his younger brother who was adopted from Canada.
In the earlier episodes of the series, Kyle sometimes played a game he called "kick the baby", where he would punt Ike into the air.
Kyle is shown to be caring for Ike and tries to protect him several times.
In addition to his regular family, Kyle has a cousin who shares the same name with him.
However, Kyle did not seem to like his cousin and tried to send him away several times.
Kyle Broflovski  at South Park Studios
Kyle Broflovski at KyleFanClub
Kyle Broflovski at South Park archives, a South Park wiki
Comedy movie characters
South Park characters
Eric Theodore Cartman is a fictional character in the animated television series South Park.
He is voiced by co-creator Trey Parker.
Cartman is one of four main characters in the series.
He is often the main reason for their adventures because of his over-enthusiasm and selfishness.
Cartman often reacts violently to things that he hates.
He hates any race or group of which he is not a member, particularly the Jews.
This comes from his rivalry with Kyle Broflovski.
Eric idolizes Adolf Hitler, Henry Ford, and Mel Gibson.
He is also a fan of T.S. Elliot.
He often tricks others, at which he is good at, to meet his own ends, no matter the consequences to other people, even if it can result in deaths.
Psyche (mythology), the lover of Eros in Greek mythology
Psyche (psychology), a concept from psychology
...And Justice For All is Metallica's fourth album and was released on August 25, 1988.
It was Metallica's first album since the death of Cliff Burton, who was replaced by Jason Newsted as their bass player.
It shall be said though, that they recorded and released The $5.98 E.P.: Garage Days Re-Revisited, which only include five songs covered by Metallica, but it is often not counted as a Metallica album, as it only contain five cover songs.
"Blackened" (Hetfield, Ulrich, Jason Newsted) – 6:41
"...And Justice for All" – 9:47
"Eye of the Beholder" – 6:30
"One" (Hetfield, Ulrich) – 7:26
"The Shortest Straw" (Hetfield, Ulrich) – 6:36
"Harvester of Sorrow" (Hetfield, Ulrich) – 5:46
"The Frayed Ends of Sanity" – 7:44
"To Live Is to Die" (Hetfield, Ulrich, Cliff Burton) – 9:49
"Dyers Eve" – 5:13
The Kingdom of Armenia was the first state to adopt Christianity as its official religion under the rule of King Tiridates in the early 4th century.
The church claims to have originated in the missions of Apostles Bartholomew and Thaddeus in the 1st century, by tradition.
The Church teaches that it was first preached by two Apostles of Jesus, St. Thaddeus and St. Bartholomew.
The Armenian Apostolic Church claims to been in existence since the days of the apostles and therefore would be one of the oldest denominations of Christianity.
Armenia was the first country to adopt Christianity as its official religion, when St. Gregory the Illuminator converted Tiridates III (the King of Armenia) and members of his court, traditionally dated to 301 (after Mikayel Chamchian 1784).
The Church teaches that St. Gregory was imprisoned by Tiridates in an underground pit, called Khor Virab, for 13 years, after which he healed the King of an incurable disease, whereupon Tiridates accepted Christianity.
The Armenian Church
Catholicosate of the Great House of Cilicia
Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem
Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople
Araratian Patriarchal Diocese
Diocese of the Armenian Church of Canada
Diocese of the Armenian Church of America (Eastern)
The Diocese of the Armenian Church of America (Western)
New Armenian Apostolic Church Library of Books and Video
Armenian Apostolic (Orthodox) Church Library Online: English | Armenian | Russian
Prayer Book of the Armenian Church
Armeniapedia - Armenian Apostolic Church
Embassy of the Republic of Armenia to the US  General Information
Directory of Armenian Churches Worldwide
3rd-century establishments
The term national church is usually a reference to a church organization in Christianity that claims pastoral jurisdiction over a nation.
The term should not be confused with established church (state church): a national church differs from a state church such that a national church does not necessarily need to be officially endorsed by the state, and even may be persecuted by the government (as Orthodox churches were persecuted under communist regimes).
The term national church (or independent church) is used a lot within, but is not shortened to, the Anglican Communion and Orthodox Christianity.
For example, the Episcopal Church in the United States of America considers itself to be the national church of the United States.
List of National Churches
Armenia – Armenian Apostolic Church
Australia – Uniting Church in Australia, Anglican Church of Australia
Austria – Roman Catholic Church
Bangladesh – Church of Bangladesh
Bermuda – United Church of Bermuda
Brazil – Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church
Bulgaria – Bulgarian Orthodox Church
Canada – United Church of Canada, Anglican Church of Canada
China (PRC) – Three-Self Patriotic Movement, China Christian Council, Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association
Cyprus – Orthodox Church of Cyprus
Czech Republic – Czechoslovak Hussite Church
Congo (Democratic Republic) – Church of Christ in Congo
Denmark – Church of Denmark
Egypt – Coptic Orthodox Church
England – Church of England
Eritrea – Eritrean Orthodox Church
Ethiopia – Ethiopian Orthodox Church
Finland – Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland, Finnish Orthodox Church
France – Gallican Church
Georgia Georgian Orthodox and Apostolic Church
Germany – Evangelical Church in Germany
Greece – Greek Orthodox Church
Hungary – Reformed Church in Hungary
Iceland – Lutheran Evangelical Church
India – Church of North India, Church of South India, Indian Orthodox Church and Mar Thoma Church
Indonesia – Persekutuan Gereja-Gereja di Indonesia Communion of Indonesian Churches (Reformed and Lutherans)
Iraq – Assyrian Church of the East, Chaldean Catholic Church,
Ireland – Celtic Church, Church of Ireland
Israel/Palestinian territories – Orthodox Church of Jerusalem, Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem, Episcopal Church in Jerusalem and the Middle East, The Evangelical Lutheran Church in Jordan & the Holy Land
Italy – Roman Catholic Church, Lombardy, Ambrosian Catholic Church,
Jamaica – United Church in Jamaica and the Cayman Islands
Japan – United Church of Christ in Japan
Lebanon – Maronite Catholic Church
Kiribati – Kiribati Congregational Church
Madagascar – Church of Jesus Christ in Madagascar
Malta - Maltese Catholic Church
Macedonia, Republic Macedonian Orthodox Church
Mexico – Iglesia Catolica Apostolica Mexicana (ICAM), Hostia Sangrante www.sagradahostia.org
Namibia – United Evangelical Church of Namibia
Nauru – Nauru Congregational Church
Netherlands – Protestant Church in the Netherlands
New Zealand – Anglican Church in Aotearoa, New Zealand and Polynesia; Maori Ratana Church
Nicaragua – Miskitos Moravian Church
Nigeria – National Association of Aladura Churches, Church of Nigeria
Norway – Church of Norway
Pakistan – Church of Pakistan
Papua New Guinea – United Church in Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands
Philippines – Philippine Independent Church
Poland – Polish Catholic Church
Portugal – Lusitanian Catholic Apostolic Evangelical Church
Romania – none; traditionally the Romanian Orthodox Church has seen itself as the national church, but since 2004 the ROC resigned to any claim of this status to conform with the country's secular constituition.
Russia – Russian Orthodox Church
Samoa – Congregational Christian Church in Samoa
Serbia – Serbian Orthodox Church
Scotland – Church of Scotland
Slovakia –
Solomon Island – United Church of Solomon Islands
South Africa – Nederduitse Gereformeerde Kerk – Afrikaner Dutch Reformed Church of South Africa, Anglican Church of Southern Africa
Spain – Spanish Reformed Episcopal Church
Sweden – Church of Sweden
Switzerland – Swiss Reformed Church – some cantons
Syria – Syriac Orthodox Church Jacobite, Syrian Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch.
Tonga – Church of Tonga
Turkey – Karamanli Turkish Orthodox Church
Tuvalu – Church of Tuvalu
Ukraine – Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church, Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate), Ukrainian Orthodox Church - Kiev Patriarchate, Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
United States – Episcopal Church in the United States of America, Orthodox Church in America, United Church of Christ, Communion of Christ the Redeemer, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America; National Catholic Church of America (Polish)
Vatican City - Roman Catholic Church
Zambia''' – Uniting Church of Zambia
Achin Nor-Achin
Akhtamar Sevan
Alashkert Martuni
Almaz Yerevan
Arabkir Yerevan
Aragats Gyumri
FC Araks Ararat
Araks Armavir
Araks Oktemberyan
Arpa Yeghegnadzor
FC Artashat
Aznavour Noyemberyan
FC Banants
FC Bentonit Idjevan
CSKA Yerevan
Debed Alaverdi
FC Dinamo Yerevan
Dvin Artashat
Erebuni Yerevan
FC Gandzasar Kapan
FK Gyumri
Impuls Dilijan
Kanaz Yerevan
Karin Yerevan
Kasakh Ashtarak
FC Kilikia Yerevan
FC Kotayk Abovyan
Kumairi Gyumri
Lernayin Artsakh
Lori Vanadzor
Luis Ararat
FC Masis
FC MIKA
Malatia Yerevan
Mush Charentsavan
Nairit Yerevan
RUOR Yerevan
SKA-Arai Echmiadzin
SKA Injevan
FC Shirak
Sipan Vardenis
SKIF Yerevan
Syunik Kapan
Tufagorts Artik
FC Uliss Yerevan
Van Yerevan
FC Vanadzor
FC Yeghvard
Yerazank Yerevan
FC Yerevan
Yerevan United
Zankezour Goris
For a few years Zvartnots would become one of the main contenders in the Premier League.
In their first Premier League season they reached the fourth spot, while in 2001 they became second after FC Pyunik.
In the 2003 season they would still be among the Premier League clubs, however they withdrew before the season and did not return in professional football since.
RSSSF Armenia (and subpages per year)
Armenian football clubs
It was founded by the Football Federation of Armenia in 1992.
From 1936 to 1991, the games were held as a regional tournament within the USSR.
For the first three years the season ran from spring to fall, but since the 1995-1996 season has run from summer to spring.
The league currently consists of six teams, and the worst teams relegates to the Armenian First League.
Over the years, the league has shrunk from a league consisting of only eight teams to six teams.
2015–16 teams
Armenian National Team
Armenian U-21 National Team
Sports in Armenia
FIFA.com: Table
The Football Federation of Armenia (FFA) is the governing body of football in Armenia.
It organizes the football league, Armenian Premier League, and the Armenian national football team.
1992 establishments
20th-century establishments in Armenia
Sport in Armenia
Ferit Orhan Pamuk (born June 7, 1952) is a famous Nobel Prize-winning Turkish author.
Pamuk is a post-modernist writer.
He has won many writing awards around the world.
He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature on October 12 2006, which made him the first Turkish person to win the Nobel Prize.
In 2005, he faced criminal charges because of comments he made in an interview.
In the interview, Pamuk said about Armenian Genocide, "Thirty thousand Kurds, and a million Armenians were killed in these lands and nobody dares to talk about it."
Pamuk faced a hate campaign and he had to flee the country.
The charges were dropped in early 2006 under an influence of international movement of Amnesty International and European Parliament.
Bibliography in English
The White Castle, translated by Victoria Holbrook, Manchester (UK): Carcanet Press Limited, 1990;, 1991; New York: George Braziller, 1991 [original title: Beyaz Kale]
The Black Book, translated by Güneli Gün, New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1994 [original title: Kara Kitap].
A new translation by Maureen Freely was published in 2006
The New Life, translated by Güneli Gün, New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1997 [original title: Yeni Hayat]
My Name is Red, translated by Erdağ M. Göknar, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2001 [original title: Benim Adım Kırmızı].
Snow, translated by Maureen Freely, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2004 [original title: Kar]
Istanbul: Memories and the City, translated by Maureen Freely, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2005 [original title: İstanbul: Hatıralar ve Şehir]
Bibliography in Turkish
Cevdet Bey ve Oğulları (Cevdet Bey and His Sons), novel, Istanbul: Karacan Yayınları, 1982
Sessiz Ev (The Silent House) , novel, Istanbul: Can Yayınları, 1983
Beyaz Kale (The White Castle), novel, Istanbul: Can Yayınları, 1985
Kara Kitap (The Black Book), novel, Istanbul: Can Yayınları, 1990
Gizli Yuz (Secret Face), screenplay, Istanbul: Can Yayınları, 1992
Yeni Hayat (The New Life), novel, Istanbul: İletişim Yayınları, 1995
Benim Adım Kırmızı (My Name is Red), novel, Istanbul: İletişim Yayınları, 1998
Öteki Renkler (The Other Colors), essays, Istanbul: İletişim Yayınları, 1999
Kar (Snow), novel, Istanbul: İletişim Yayınları, 2002
İstanbul: Hatıralar ve Şehir (Istanbul: Memories and the City), memoirs, Istanbul: Yapı Kredi Yayınları, 2003
1979 Milliyet Press Novel Contest Award (Turkey) for his novel Karanlık ve Işık (co-winner)
1983 Orhan Kemal Novel Prize (Turkey) for his novel Cevdet Bey ve Oğulları
1984 Madarali Novel Prize (Turkey) for his novel Sessiz Ev
1990 Independent Foreign Fiction Prize (United Kingdom) for his novel Beyaz Kale
1991 Prix de la Découverte Européenne (France) for the French edition of Sessiz Ev : La Maison de Silence
1995 Prix France Culture (France) for his novel Kara Kitap : Le Livre Noir
2002 Prix du Meilleur Livre Etranger (France) for his novel My Name Is Red : Mon Nom est Rouge
2002 Premio Grinzane Cavour (Italy) for his novel My Name Is Red
2003 International IMPAC Dublin Literary Award (Ireland) for his novel My Name Is Red
2005 Peace Prize of the German Book Trade (Germany)
2005 Prix Medicis Etranger (France) for his novel Snow : La Neige
2006 Nobel Prize in Literature (Sweden)
2006 Washington University's Distinguished Humanist Award (United States)
Honorary Doctorate
Free University of Berlin, Department of Philosophy and Humanities - May 4, 2007
2007 Boğaziçi University, Department of Western Languages and Literatures May 14, 2007
The comprehensive web site on Orhan Pamuk
Faber reading guide for Snow
The Guardian on Orhan Pamuk
The Times Literary Supplement Editorial on Orhan Pamuk
International Herald Tribune Editorial on Orhan Pamuk
Pamuk's letter on his trial published in the December 19th issue of the New Yorker
ABC documentary on Pamuk and The Armenian Genocide
Orhan Pamuk 'Bookweb' on literary website The Ledge, with suggestions for further reading.
Orhan Pamuk as profiled on the Nobel Prize website
"My Father's Suitcase" - Orhan Pamuk's Nobel Lecture, 2006 as translated from the Turkish by Maureen Freely
Writers from Istanbul
The carcass of a dead animal, most frequently a human body.
Corpsing, the theatrical slang for an actor breaking character during a scene, usually by laughing
Corpse Husband, also known as Corpse, is a youtuber and rapper.
Urartu (Assyrian Urarṭu, Urartian Biainili) was an ancient Armenian kingdom.
It was in the mountainous plateau between Asia Minor, Mesopotamia, and Caucasus mountains, later known as the Armenian Highland, and it centered around Lake Van (present-day eastern Turkey).
The kingdom existed from ca.
860 BC, emerging from Late Bronze Age Nairi polities, until 585 BC.
The name corresponds to the Biblical Ararat.
Urartians are the earliest ancestors of the Armenians.
Akdamar Island is in this lake.
Although Lake Van is situated at an altitude of  with harsh winters, it does not freeze due to its high salinity except occasionally the shallow northern section.
Later the land around the lake was ruled by Armenians.
Along with Lake Sevan in today's Armenia and Lake Urmia in today's Iran, Van was one of the three great lakes of the Armenian Kingdom, referred to as the seas of Armenia.
The Kurdish language  (Kurdish: kurdî) is a language spoken by the Kurdish people in an area called Kurdistan, including by Kurdish people in parts of the countries Iran, Iraq, Syria and Turkey.
Kurdish has two main dialects: Kurmanji and Sorani.
It belongs to the same language group as the Iranian languages.
Another well-known Iranian language is Persian.
It is considered an Indo-European language.
In Botany, an annual plant is a plant that usually germinates, flowers and dies in one year.
True annuals will only live longer than a year if they are prevented from setting seed.
Some seedless plants can also be considered annuals even though they do not flower.
Many food plants are, or are grown as, annuals, including most domesticated grains.
Some perennials and biennials are grown in gardens as annuals for convenience, particularly if they are not considered cold hardy for the local climate.
Carrot, celery and parsley are true biennials that are usually grown as annual crops for their edible roots, petioles and leaves, respectively.
Ornamental annuals are often called bedding plants.
Annuals are often used in gardens to provide splashes of color, as they tend to have a longer season of bloom than hardy herbaceous perennials.
Summer annuals
Summer annuals sprout, flower and die within the same spring/summer/fall.
The lawn weed, crabgrass, is a summer annual.
Biennial plant
Perennial plant
Eduard Strasburger, Peter Sitte, Elmar Weiler, Andreas Bresinsky, Christian Körner: Lehrbuch der Botanik für Hochschulen.
Heidelberg 2002 (35.).
A pea, although treated as a vegetable in cooking, is botanically a fruit; the term is most commonly used to describe the small spherical seeds or the pods of the legume Pisum sativum.
This was the original model organism used by Gregor Mendel in his early work on genetics.
The name is also used to describe other edible seeds from the Fabaceae like the pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan), the chickpea, the cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)and the seeds from several species of Lathyrus.
P. sativum is an annual plant.
It is a cool season crop, planted in winter.
The average pea weighs between 0.1 and 0.36 grams.
The species is as a fresh vegetable, but is also grown to produce dry peas like the split pea.
These varieties are typically called field peas.
P. sativum has been cultivated for thousands of years, the sites  of cultivation have been described in southern Syria and southeastern Turkey, and some argue that the cultivation of peas with wheat and barley seems to be associated with the spread of Neolithic agriculture into Europe.
Description of Pisum Sativum
It is a cool-season vegetable crop.
The seeds may be planted as soon as the soil temperature reaches 10 °C, with the plants growing best at temperatures of 13 °C to 18 °C.
They do not thrive in the summer heat of warmer temperate and lowland tropical climates, but do grow well in cooler high altitude tropical areas.
Peas grow best in slightly acid, well-drained soils.
The seeds are dispersed when the pod reaches maturity and bursts open.
It scatters the peas over as wide a distance as it is possible for the plant.
Different Varieties of Peas
Several varieties of P. sativum have been bred.
Widely cultivated examples include:
Pisum sativum var.
macrocarpon is commonly known as the Snow pea
macrocarpon ser.
is known as the sugar snap pea
Ways of eating peas
Fresh peas are often eaten boiled and flavored with butter and/or spearmint as a side dish vegetable.
Salt is also commonly added to peas when served.
Fresh peas are also used in pot pies, salads and casseroles.
Pod peas (particularly sweet cultivars called mangetout and sugar peas, or the flatter "snow peas," called hé lán dòu, 荷兰豆 in Chinese) are used in stir fried dishes, particularly those in American Chinese cuisine.
Pea pods do not keep well once picked, and if not used quickly are best preserved by drying, canning or freezing within a few hours of harvest.
Dried peas are often made into a soup or simply eaten on their own.
In Japan and other Southeast Asian countries including Thailand, Taiwan and Malaysia, the peas are roasted and salted, and eaten as snacks.
In the UK, marrowfat peas are used to make pease pudding (or "pease porridge"), a traditional dish.
In North America a similarly traditional dish is split pea soup.
In Chinese cuisine, pea sprouts (豆苗 dòu miáo) are commonly used in stir-fries and its price is relatively high due to its agreeable taste.
Some forms of etiquette require that peas be only eaten with a fork and not pushed onto the fork with a knife  .
Bianchini, F. & Corbetta, F., 1976, The Complete Book of Fruits and Vegetables.
New York : Crown Publishers, Inc. .
European Association for Grain Legume Research (AEP).
Hernández Bermejo, J. E. & León, J., (1992).
Neglected crops: 1492 from a different perspective, Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
Kafka, B., 2005, Vegetable Love, New York : Artisan,
Muehlbauer, F. J. and Tullu, A., (1997).
Pisum sativum L. Purdue University .
Oelke, E. A., Oplinger E. S., et al. (
Dry Field Pea.
University of Wisconsin .
Oregon State University (OSU). (
Green Peas, Garden Peas, Peas.
Sorting Pisum names
USDA plant profile
Alternative Field Crops Manual: Dry Field Pea
A biennial plant is a flowering plant that takes two years to complete its lifecycle.
In the first year the plant grows leaves, stems, and roots (vegetative structures); then it enters a period of dormancy over the colder months.
Usually, the stem remains very short and the leaves are low to the ground, forming a rosette.
Many biennials require a cold treatment, before they will flower.
The next spring/summer the stem of the biennial plant becomes much longer.
The plant then flowers, produces fruits and seeds before it finally dies.
There are far fewer biennials than either perennials or annuals.
Under extreme climatic conditions, a biennial plant may complete its lifecycle in a very short period of time (e.g. 3 or 4 months instead of 2 years).
This is quite common in vegetable or flower seedlings that were exposed to cold conditions, before they were planted in the ground.
This behaviour leads to many normally biennial plants being treated as annuals in some areas.
Flowering can be induced in some biennials by application of the plant hormone gibberellin, but this is rarely done commercially.
From a gardener's perspective, a plant's status as annual, biennial, or perennial often varies based on location or purpose.
Biennials grown for flowers, fruits, or seeds need to be grown for two years.
Biennials that are grown for edible leaves or roots are grown as annuals, e.g. beets, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, carrots, celery, parsley, and Swiss chard.
If a normally biennial plant is grown in extremely harsh conditions, it is likely to be treated as an annual because it will not survive the winter cold.
Conversely, an annual grown under extremely favourable conditions may have highly successful seed propagation, giving it the appearance of being biennial or perennial.
Some short-lived perennials may appear to be biennial rather than perennial.
True biennials flower only once, while many perennials will flower every year once mature.
Examples of biennial plants are parsley, Lunaria, silverbeet, sweet William, colic weed, and carrot.
The pansy is a biennial often grown as an annual.
Plant breeders have produced annual cultivars of several biennials that will flower the first year from seed, e.g. foxglove, stock, and hollyhock.
Biennials may be kept alive longer than two years under environmental conditions that prevent them from flowering.
Biennial sugar beet was prevented from flowering by not giving it the cold treatment required for flowering.
It was kept alive in a greenhouse for 41 months.
Otner websites
Plant life cycles
he:בוטניקה - מונחים#צורות חיים של צמחים
The Warner Bros. Television Network, commonly called The WB, was a television network in the United States.
It was founded by the Warner Bros. film studio and Tribune Company on January 11, 1995.
The network was sometimes called "The Frog" because the network's mascot was an animated frog named Michigan J. Frog.
WB series
The WB created many well-known television series.
Several of these series are Dawson's Creek, Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Charmed, Gilmore Girls, Angel, Smallville, 7th Heaven, and Supernatural.
The WB also had a group of programs aimed at children under the name Kids WB.
Kids WB showed mainly animated series, for example, Jackie Chan Adventures, Taz-Mania, Tiny Toon Adventures, Animaniacs, Pinky and the Brain and Batman: The Animated Series.
2006 disestablishments in the United States
Port Louis is the capital city of the African country of Mauritius.
The city is a port on the Indian Ocean.
It is the largest city and main port of the country.
Port Louis is located in the Port Louis District.
The  city has a population of 147,688 people.
Port Louis was founded by the French around 1735.
It was used as a place to supply food for their ships travelling around the Cape of Good Hope.
The city was named in honour of King Louis XV.
The first Governor was Count Bertrand-François Mahé de La Bourdonnais.
Port Louis has many historic and colonial buildings.
One of them is a fortification named Fort Adelaide or La Citadelle.
It was built by the British in 1835.
Most of the city's architecture can be seen from La Citadelle.
Port Louis is surrounded by a mountain range, called the Port Louis Moka Range.
Other famous spots are the Police Barracks known as Les Casernes and the Port Louis Waterfront.
Other things to see in the city include the Caudan Waterfront, Port Louis Bazaar, the Mauritian Chinatown and the old Port Louis theatre.
The capital has also three museums which are: the Mauritius Natural History Museum, the Blue Penny Museum and the Mauritius Stamp Museum.
The main part of the economy of Port Louis is its port.
The port handles all of the international trade for the country.
Clothing and textiles are the major things manufactured in the city.
Chemicals, plastics, and pharmaceuticals are made there, and tourism is also important.
Port Louis is the second most important financial center in Africa after Johannesburg.
It is the city with the highest per capita income in Africa.
The population of the city is now largely made up of the descendants of people who were hired for labor from India in the 19th century.
Slaves were brought to the country by the British and French who colonized the island in the 18th century.
After the end of slavery in 1835, many Indian and Chinese workers were brought to work the land, and take care of sugar cane, at that time used to make rum.
More than 75 percent of the population are Indians.
The rest come from Africa, while a small number have Chinese and Eurasian ancestry.
Malcolm de Chazal, Petrusmok, The Standard Printing Est.,
1951, La Table Ovale, 1979.
Marie-Thérèse Humbert, La montagne des signaux, Paris : Stock, 1994
Khal Torabully, Kot sa parol la - Rôde parole, poésie en créole et français, éditions Le Printemps, 1996, Maurice.
Uneso, Ghat and Morne,
Settlements in Mauritius
Freetown is the capital city of the African country of Sierra Leone.
With a population of  951,000 people, it is the largest city in that country.
The city is a port on the Freetown Peninsula on the Atlantic coast.
The port is a very important part of the economy of Freetown.
It handles the main exports of the country.
Industries include fish, rice, petroleum, and making cigarettes.
The area was first settled in 1787 by 400 freed former slaves and Black American Loyalists sent from London.
Many of these men had joined the British Army because the British promised to free them if they fought the American colonists.
Before that time it was said to be a slave market.
These people created the 'Province of Freetown' on land bought from local Temne leaders.
After many of these original settlers died from disease, it was burnt by the local people in 1790.
The Sierra Leone Company tried to settle the area again in 1792.
They resettled Freetown with 1,100 former slaves and Loyalists from Nova Scotia.
Many of these people were born in the colonial United States.
They were led by former slave Thomas Peters.
Around 500 free Jamaican Maroons joined them in 1800.
The city survived being attacked by the French in 1794.
In 1800 the people revolted but the British retook control.
From 1808 to 1874, the city was the capital of British West Africa.
The city grew quickly as many freed slaves came to live there.
African soldiers who had fought for Britain in the Napoleonic Wars also came to live in Freetown.
During World War II, Britain had a naval base at Freetown.
Descendants of the freed slaves, called Creoles, have a large role in the city, even though they are only a small amount of the population.
The city had much fighting in the late 1990s.
In 1998, it was captured by ECOWAS soldiers who were trying to make Ahmad Tejan Kabbah the President again.
One of Freetown’s most most known features is its famous cotton tree.
The cotton tree is said to have been in the same position since colonists came to the area in 1787.
At that time, the tree was still a young sapling.
It now stands outside the Freetown Museum.
Notable buildings in the city include Freetown Law Courts, the Slave Gate and Portuguese Steps, St John's Maroon Church (built around 1820), St George's Cathedral (completed in 1828), Foulah Town Mosque (built in the 1830s) and the Roman Catholic Sacred Heart Cathedral.
Also in Freetown are many beaches and markets, and the Sierra Leone Museum.
Lungi International Airport  is the international airport of Sierra Leone.
Freetown also has a heliport on Aberdeen Island.
It connects the city with the airport.
There is a helicopter, hovercraft and ferry-service from the city to the airport.
Sierra Leone National Tourist Board
LiveFromFreetown
Cry Freetown
FreeTown photos
Lungi International Airport
1792 establishments
Michelle LaVaughn Robinson Obama (born January 17, 1964) is a former author and attorney who had served as First Lady of the United States from 2009 to 2017 as the wife of the 44th President of the United States, Barack Obama.
Michelle was the first African American woman to serve as First Lady of the United States.
Like many other first ladies, Michelle has worked as a spokesperson for a cause.
The cause she supports is better nutrition and exercise for children.
She has done work with the Disney Channel and Nickelodeon to support this cause.
Obama was born Michelle LaVaughn Robinson at Provident Hospital of Cook County in  Chicago, Illinois on January 17, 1964.
She went to Princeton University and Harvard Law School.
She and Barack Obama were married on October 3, 1992, and they have two children, Malia (born July 4, 1998) and Sasha (born June 10, 2001).
For a long time, she lived in Chicago with her family.
Then, her husband became a junior Senator for the State of Illinois.
After that, he ran for president of the USA and won.
Michelle became the First Lady of the United States and lived in the White House with her husband and two children.
Her husband was elected on November 6, 2012, to a second term as president, so she served as First Lady until January 20, 2017.
On September 17, 2014, Obama visited St. Jude Children's Research Hospital in Memphis, Tennessee.
Kids there asked her questions.
She said when she was asked who in her family that she liked to prank the most that her husband was the person, also saying they love to scare each other.
Their daughters also try to scare them, but are not good, as their mother claimed.
She also said the Truman Balcony is her favorite part of the White House.
When asked about what she liked most about being First Lady of the United States, she answered that she enjoyed meeting the Pope and also spoke of being around Beyoncé and her fans at one of her concerts.
She showed how excited she was by saying "Oh, my stars!"
Michelle Obama's brother, Craig Robinson, is the head coach of the Oregon State University men's basketball team.
Her father, Fraser Robinson, was a pump operator for the Chicago Water Department.
Her mother Marion Robinson stayed home to raise her and her brother Craig.
Her children are Sasha and Malia Ann Obama.
Michelle Obama became a lawyer after graduating from law school.
While working at the law firm Sidley Austin, she met her future husband.
In 1991, she left the company to work in the mayor's office as an Assistant to the Mayor, then she pursued various jobs outside the city including executive director, associate dean and executive vice president.
After her husband’s inauguration, she focused on lifestyle and fitness, and she launched the Let’s Move campaign to eliminate childhood obesity.
Her approval rating was 71% in March of 2010. (
Gale Biography in context)
Michelle Obama's White House Biography
African American lawyers
Obama family
Fame – The Musical is a musical.
Jose Fernandez wrote the book.
Jacques Levy wrote the lyrics.
Steve Margoshes wrote the music.
The musical is based on Fame, a 1980 movie.
The musical premiered in 1980 in Miami, Florida.
It opened on the West End in 1995.
It played Off-Broadway between 2003 and 2004.
The story tells of students in a high school for the performing arts.
Extensive information from the MTI website
Information from StageAgent.com
Historical production information
Information on UK productions
Information on NL productions
Information on NL (language) productions
'I'm Gonna Live Forever' - a new version from Fame Forever
1980s musicals
The  is the head of the government of Japan as well as the director and chief of the executive branch of the central government.
The prime minister appoints the cabinet and wields the power to dismiss any cabinet minister.
The current prime minister is Fumio Kishida since 4 October 2021.
Prime Minister of Japan and His Cabinet Official website
bg:Министър-председател на Япония
was the 2nd emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.
Historians consider Emperor Suizei to be a legendary person,  and the name Suizei-tennō was created for him after his death by later generations.
No certain dates can be assigned to this emperor's life or reign.
The Gukanshō records that Suizei ruled from the palace of Takaoka-no-miya at Katsuragi in what will come to be known as Yamato province.
Suizei is almost certainly a legend.
The Kojiki records only his name and genealogy.
The  Nihonshoki includes Suizei as the earliest or first of .
The Gukanshō records that Suizei was one of the sons of Emperor Jimmu.
Events of Suizei's life
The Kojiki includes a story about how Suizei attained the throne.
His older brother supported Suizei because of his courage.
The absence of information about Suizei does not imply that no such person ever existed.
Very little information is available for study prior to the reign of the 29th monarch, Emperor Kimmei (509?-571).
According to the Imperial Household Agency, this emperor is venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine (misasagi) at Nara.
was the 3rd emperor of Japan,  according to the traditional order of succession.
Historians consider Emperor Annei to be a legendary person,  and the name Annei-tennō was created for him posthumously by later generations.
No firm dates can be assigned to this emperor's life or reign.
The Gukanshō records that he ruled from the palace of Ukena-no-miya at Katashiro in Kawachi in what will come to be known as Yamato province.
Annei is almost certainly a legend.
The  Nihonshoki includes Annei as the second of .
The Gukanshō records that Annei was either the eldest son or the only son of Emperor Suizei.
Events of Annei's life
The absence of information about Annei does not imply that no such person ever existed.
The spirit (kami) of Emperor Annei and the events of his life are enshrined at Annei-tennō-sha at Shirakashi in Yamato province.
was the 4th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.
Historians consider Emperor Itoku to be a legendary person, and the name Itoku-tennō was created for him posthumously by later generations.
The Gukanshō records that he ruled from the palace of Migario-no-miya at Karu in what will come to be known as Yamato province.
Itoku is almost certainly a legend.
The  Nihonshoki includes Itoku as the third of .
The Gukanshō records that Itoku was the second or third son of Emperor Annei, but the surviving documents provide no basis for making guesses about why the elder brother or brothers were passed over.
Events of Itoku's life
The absence of information about Itoku does not imply that no such person ever existed.
The Coptic Orthodox Church (; ) or Coptic Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria is the name for the largest Christian church in Egypt.
The Coptic Orthodox Church is an Oriental Orthodox Christian church.
Its churches can be found worldwide, where it serves Coptic believers who have emigrated to other countries.
On the 18th November 2012, the Coptic Orthodox Church enthroned His Holiness Pope Tawadros II as the 118th Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of the See of St. Mark.
His Holiness is the successor to H.H. Pope Shenouda III who died in March 2012 after over forty years as the shepherd of all Copts.
The Church belongs to the Oriental Orthodox family of churches.
It has been a separate church body since the disagreement at the Council of Chalcedon in 451 AD.
The Church rejected the new definitions about what Christ is like, introduced at the Council.
The Copts believe that their church was founded in Egypt by Saint Mark the Evangelist.
According to official Egyptian sources, and the CIA World factbook, between five an ten percent of Egyptians are Christians.
Over 90% of these are Copts.
According to Coptic sources, 12 to 15% of Egyptians are Copts.
Pretoria is one of the three capital cities of the African country of South Africa.
It is the executive (administrative) and de facto capital of the country.
The other two capitals are Cape Town (legislative) and Bloemfontein (judicial).
The city is in the northern part of Gauteng Province, South Africa.
Pretoria is between the Highveld and the Bushveld, about 50 km north of Johannesburg in the north-east of South Africa.
It is in a warm, well sheltered valley.
The valley is surrounded by the hills of the Magaliesberg mountain range.
Pretoria has a humid subtropical climate (Cwa in the Köppen climate classification).
It only snows in Pretoria once or twice in a century.
The city has a population of about 1.9 million people.
The main languages spoken in Pretoria include Tswana, Ndebele, Afrikaans, and English.
Pretoria was founded in 1855 by Marthinus Wessel Pretorius.
He was a leader of the Voortrekkers.
Pretoruis named the city after his father Andries Pretorius.
Andries Pretorius had become a hero of the Voortrekkers after the Battle of Blood River.
The city became the capital of the South African Republic (ZAR) on May 1, 1860.
During the First Boer War, the city was attacked in December 1880 and March 1881.
The peace treaty which ended the war was signed in Pretoria on August 3, 1881 at the Pretoria Convention.
The Second Boer War (1899 to 1902) caused the end of the South African Republic.
After this war, the United Kingdom took control of South Africa.
During the war, Winston Churchill was imprisoned in the Staats Model School in Pretoria.
He later got free and went to Mozambique.
The city surrendered to British forces on June 5, 1900.
The war ended in Pretoria with the signing of the Peace of Vereeniging on May 31 1902.
In 1910, Pretoria then became the administrative capital of all of South Africa, with Cape Town the legislative capital.
Between 1860 and 1994, the city was also the capital of the province of Transvaal.
On 14 October 1931, Pretoria got official city status.
When South Africa became a republic in 1961, Pretoria stayed its administrative capital.
Pretoria was at one time seen as "the capital of Apartheid South Africa".
This was changed when Nelson Mandela became the country's first black President.
Pretoria is an important industrial centre.
It has many industries including iron and steel as well as automobile, railroad and machinery manufacture.
The National Zoological Gardens of South Africa
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Union Buildings
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Kruger House (Residence of the president of the ZAR, Paul Kruger).
Melrose House (The Treaty of Vereeniging which ended the Anglo-Boer War was signed here in 1902)
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Transvaal Museum
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Nature Reserves
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Pretoria portal
1850s establishments in Africa
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A bigot is a person who is intolerant of opinions, lifestyles, or identities that are different from their own.
Mostly, the person's opinions are based on prejudice.
For example, an outspoken member of a political party who blocks those with opposing views, would be a prime example of a ‘’bigot’’.
The origin of the word bigot in English dates back to at least 1598, via French.
It started with the sense of "religious hypocrite", especially a woman.
The word bigot is often used as a pejorative term against a person who is obstinately devoted to negative prejudices, even when those prejudices are proven to be false.
The exact origin of the word is unknown, but may have come from the German bei and gott, or the English by God.
William Camden wrote that the Normans were first called bigots, when their Duke Rollo, who receiving Gisla, daughter of King Charles, in marriage, and with her the investiture of the dukedom, refused to kiss the king's foot in token of subjection, unless the king would hold it out for that purpose.
And being urged to it by those present, Rollo answered hastily, "No by God", whereupon the king turning about, called him bigot; which name passed from him to his people.
This is likely fictional, however, as Gisla is unknown in Frankish sources.
Word Histories And Mysteries: From Abracadabra to Zeus.
Houghton Mifflin Company.
2004. .
p 24.
Ayto, John.
Dictionary of Word Origins: The Histories of More Than 8,000 English-Language Words.
New York: Arcade Publishing.
Etymology of the word bigot
Bukkake is when multiple people ejaculate with their penises on a person's face or body at the same time.
It comes from the Japanese verb bukkakeru which means "to flood".
Melleruds IF is an association football club in Mellerud in Sweden, established on 29 July 1908.
They are in the Swedish 2nd Division: Västra Götaland.
They have had some players who have moved into England, most notably Wigan Athletic F.C. player Andreas Johansson.
Johansson played for Melleruds between 1993 and 1995.
Swedish football clubs
1908 establishments in Sweden
Lisa Lampanelli (born Lisa Lampugnale, July 19, 1961) is an American comedian.
The Detroit Tigers are a Major League Baseball team in Detroit, Michigan.
The team plays at Comerica Park.
Their manager is Ron Gardenhire, and they are owned by Christopher Ilitch.
The Tigers began as a minor league baseball team in the 1890s.
The league was reorganized as the American League, and became a major league in 1901.
The Tigers were one of the first teams to have an "official" nickname.
They obtained permission from a military group called the Detroit Light Guard, which was known as the "Tigers".
That group had fought in the Civil War and the Spanish-American War.
The Tigers have often lived up to their nickname, having great success from time to time.
Their most famous player was Ty Cobb, usually regarded as among the very greatest players of all time.
The Tigers have frequently played in baseball's post-season games.
They have won several World Series, in 1935, 1945, 1968 and 1984.
They also played in the World Series in 2006 and 2012, where the lost to the St. Louis Cardinals and the San Francisco Giants, respectively.
An oscilloscope (sometimes abbreviated CRO, for cathode ray oscilloscope, or commonly just scope or O-scope) is a piece of electronic equipment that lets you see changes in signal voltage.
For example, if you want to see the signal a small electronic timer was producing, you could connect it to an oscilloscope and see.
Usually, it shows a two-dimensional graph of one or more electrical potential differences (vertical axis).
These graphs are plotted with time or of some other voltage along horizontal axis.
To aid measurement, a grid called the graticule is drawn on the face of the screen.
Each square in the graticule is known as a division.
Oscillograph 1911 Encyclopædia.
Online oscilloscope simulation
Oscilloscope Tutorial
The Cathode Ray Tube site
Digital Storage Oscilloscope measurement basics
Oscilloscope FAQ
Oscilloscope Articles & Resources
Using a Common Oscilloscope
Features of handheld Oscilloscope
Quick and easy tutorial to learn concepts and use.
Technical terms explained in clear and simple way.
Girl Scout cookies are cookies that the Girl Scouts of the USA sell.
They come in many different flavors.
Buying Girl Scout Cookies helps the Girl Scouts out because it gives them money as well as helps teach them important lessons in life.
Nancy Drew is a fictional character.
She is the main character in a series of chapter books called Nancy Drew Mystery Stories.
Her books were written in the 1930s by Edward Stratemeyer, founder of the Stratemeyer Syndicate.
The first writings in The Nancy Drew Mystery Stories were written by Mildred A. Wirt Benson, and changed by Harriet Adams, Edward's daughter.
Nancy Drew's birth year is 1914 and she is 18 years old in the books.
Nancy Drew lives in the fictional River Heights with her father, Carson Drew.
Their housekeeper, Hannah Gruen, has acted like a mother to Nancy, ever since Nancy's mother died when she was three years old.
Nancy has a few close friends that appear in the book series and some of them in the computer games.
When the book series first begins, Nancy's best friend is Helen Corning, who is a few years older than Nancy.
A few books later, some new friends are introduced.
Nancy's two best friends in the later books are Bess Marvin and George Fayne, the latter two being cousins.