the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
1972  Claire Forlani, British actress
1974  Jefferson Pérez, Ecuadorean race walker, Olympic gold medallist
1976  Ruud van Nistelrooy, Dutch footballer
1976  Patrick Kluivert, Dutch footballer
1976  Hannu Tihinen, Finnish footballer
1976  Rigobert Song, Cameroonian footballer
1976  Thomas Sadoski, American actor
1976  Kellie Bright, English actress
1977  Jarome Iginla, Canadian ice hockey player
1977  Liv Tyler, American actress
1977  Veronica Sanchez, Spanish actress
1980  Patrick Aufiero, American ice hockey player
1982  Hilarie Burton, American actress
1982  Joachim Johansson, Swedish tennis player
1983  Marit Larsen, Norwegian singer
1984  Morgane Dubled, French model
1984  Tanya Chisholm, American actress
1986  Giovanni Moreno, Colombian footballer
1986  Agnes Monica, Indonesian singer-songwriter and actress
1989  Mitch Hewer, English actor
1989  Hannah Murray, English actress
1989  Daniel Ricciardo, Australian Formula One racing driver
1989  Leah McFall, Northern Irish singer
1989  Kent Bazemore, American basketball player
1990  Natsuki Sato, Japanese singer (AKB48)
1993  Raini Rodriguez, American actress and singer
1994  Anri Okamoto, Japanese model and actress
1996  Adelina Sotnikova, Russian gymnast
1998  Hollie Steel, English singer
552  Totila, Ostrogoth King
1109  Alfonso VI of Castile (b. 1040)
1681  Oliver Plunkett, Irish archbishop and saint (b. 1629)
1736  Ahmed III, Ottoman Sultan (b. 1673)
1782  Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham, Prime Minister of Great Britain (b. 1730)
1784  Wilhelm Friedemann Bach, German composer (b. 1710)
1824  Lachlan Macquarie, Scottish Governor of New South Wales (b. 1762)
1839  Mahmud II, Ottoman Sultan (b. 1785)
1846  Pope Gregory XVI (b. 1765)
1860  Charles Goodyear, American inventor (b. 1800)
1863  John Fulton Reynolds, American Civil War general (b. 1820)
1876  Mikhail Bakunin, Russian anarchist and social revolutionary (b. 1814)
1891  Mihail Kogalniceanu, Romanian politician (b. 1817)
1896  Harriet Beecher Stowe, American writer (b. 1811)
1898  Siegfried Marcus, German inventor (b. 1831)
1905  John Hay, 37th United States Secretary of State (b. 1838)
1912  Harriet Quimby, American pilot (b. 1875)
1925  Erik Satie, French composer (b. 1866)
1927  Pedro Nel Ospina Vazquez, 35th President of Colombia (b. 1858)
1944  Carl Mayer, Austrian screenwriter (b. 1894)
1944  Tanya Savicheva, Russian writer (b. 1930)
1948  Achille Varzi, Italian racing driver (b. 1904)
1950  Eliel Saarinen, Finnish architect (b. 1873)
1954  Thea von Harbou, German actress and writer (b. 1888)
1962  B. C. Roy, Indian doctor and politician (b. 1882)
1964  Pierre Monteux, French-American conductor (b. 1875)
1964  Sigurd Islandsmoen, Norwegian poet (b. 1881)
1965  Wally Hammond, English cricketer (b. 1903)
1971  Learie Constantine, Trinidadian cricketer (b. 1901)
1971  William Lawrence Bragg, American physicist (b. 1890)
1974  Juan Domingo Perón, President of Argentina (b. 1895)
1976  Anneliese Michel, German exorcism victim (b. 1952)
1981  Rushton Moreve, American musician (b. 1948)
1983  Buckminster Fuller, American architect (b. 1895)
1987  Snakefinger, British musician (b. 1949)
1991  Joachim Kroll, German serial killer (b. 1933)
1991  Michael Landon, American actor (b. 1936)
1992  Francisco Mendes, Guinea-Bissau politician (b. 1933)
1996  William T. Cahill, American politician, 46th Governor of New Jersey (b. 1904)
1996  Margaux Hemingway, granddaughter of Ernest Hemingway (b. 1954)
1997  Robert Mitchum, American actor (b. 1917)
1999  Edward Dmytryk, Canadian-American movie director (b. 1908)
1999  Joshua Nkomo, Zimbabwean politician (b. 1919)
2000  Walter Matthau, American actor (b. 1920)
2001  Nikolay Basov, Russian physicist (b. 1922)
2003  N!xau, Namibian actor (b. 1944)
2003  Herbie Mann, American jazz flutist (b. 1930)
2004  Marlon Brando, American actor (b. 1924)
2005  Luther Vandross, American singer (b. 1951)
2006  Ryutaro Hashimoto, Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1937)
2009  Alexis Argüello, Nicaraguan boxer and politician (b. 1952)
2009  Karl Malden, American actor (b. 1912)
2009  Molly Sugden, British actress (b. 1922)
2012  Alan G. Poindexter, American astronaut (b. 1961)
2013  Charles Foley, American game designer (Twister) (b. 1930)
2013  Maureen Waaka, New Zealand model and politician (b. 1943)
2013  Paul Jenkins, American actor (b. 1938)
2014  Anatoly Kornukov, Russian general (b. 1942)
2014  Stephen Gaskin, American counter-culture hippie figure (b. 1935)
2014  Bob Jones, English police officer (b. 1955)
2014  Umaru Dikko, Nigerian politician (b. 1936)
2014  Walter Dean Myers, American author (b. 1937)
2014  Jean Garon, Canadian politician (b. 1938)
2014  Frederick I. Ordway III, American space scientist (b. 1927)
2014  Graeme McMahon, Australian AFL executive (b. 1940)
2015  Nicholas Winton, English humanitarian (b. 1909)
2015  Val Doonican, Irish singer and television host (b. 1927)
2016  Yves Bonnefoy, French poet (b. 1923)
2016  Robin Hardy, English movie director (b. 1929)
2017  Norman Dorsen, American activist (b. 1930)
2017  Paul Hardin III, American academic administrator (b. 1931)
2017  Ayan Sadakov, Bulgarian footballer (b. 1961)
2017  Richard Gilbert Scott, British architect (b. 1923)
2018  Armando, Dutch artist and writer (b. 1929)
2018  François Corbier, French songwriter and television presenter (b. 1944)
2018  Bozhidar Dimitrov, Bulgarian historian (b. 1945)
2018  Peter Firmin, British television producer (b. 1928)
2018  Gillian Lynne, British dancer and choreographer (b. 1926)
2018  Julian Tudor Hart, British physician and politician (b. 1927)
Memorial Day (Newfoundland and Labrador)
Keti Koti (Emancipation Day) (Suriname)
Doctors' Day in India
Republic Day in Ghana
Independence Day in Somalia, Burundi and Rwanda
Madeira Day
July 01
Black comedy (also known as dark comedy or dark humor) is getting humor (something funny or comical) from something serious.
It is known for its use of very sensitive subjects, such as war, tragedy, disease,  death and suffering of the innocent.
Black comedy is also a form of satire that uses irony and mocking.
It may cause a wide variety of emotional reactions.
The term black humor (from the French humour noir) was coined by the surrealist André Breton in 1935.
Cartoons by Charles Addams
Plays by Joe Orton
The novel, film and early TV episodes of M*A*S*H
Itchy and Scratchy on the Simpsons.
Cartoons by John Callahan
Elliot Gould (born as Elliott Goldstein August 29, 1938) is an American actor.
He was born in Brooklyn, New York City.
He is mostly known for his roles in many films including M*A*S*H (1970), Bob & Carol & Ted & Alice (1970), and Ocean's Eleven (2001).
He has also made guest appearances on many television such as Jack Geller in Friends.
Gould's parents were Jewish; Gould says he has a very deep Jewish identity.
He married singer and actress Barbra Streisand in 1963.
The couple separated in 1969 and divorced in 1971.
Their son is actor Jason Gould (born 1966).
Actors from Brooklyn
A mathematical equation is an expression containing two mathematical objects connected by an equals sign (=) .
The equals sign says that both sides are exactly equal, or of the same value.
An equation can be as simple as x=0, or as complex as  or harder.
The kind of equation that is either true or false; these are also called identities.
The kind of equation that is only true for certain values of the variable(s).
The equation is only true if the variable(s) have that value.
The second kind is often used to solve problems in which finding the value of some variables is involved.
For example, if
The second kind of equation is used in algebra.
For example, to solve the equation 2x = 8 for x, one would follow an algebraic rule to find that x = 4.
Types of equations
Equations can be classified by the types of operations and quantities involved.
An algebraic equation is an equation in which both sides are polynomials.
These are further classified by degree:
Linear equation for degree one
Quadratic equation for degree two
Cubic equation for degree three
Quartic equation for degree four
Quintic equation for degree five
A Diophantine equation is an equation where the unknowns are required to be integers
A differential equation is a functional equation involving derivatives of the unknown functions, which include:
1961 (MCMLXI) was .
Its rendering using the Hindu-Arabic numeral system creates a numeral which looks the same when put upside down.
The next such year will be 6009.
John F. Kennedy becomes President of the United States.
The Fantastic Four make their debut.
Yuri Gagarin becomes the first human in space.
Sierra Leone becomes independent.
The Berlin Wall is built.
The Vietnam War begins.
Bay of Pigs invasion
Rockband Golden Earring was founded
January 26 – Wayne Gretzky, Retired Canadian NHL player
January 28 – Arnaldur Indridason, Icelandic writer
February 13 – Henry Rollins, American musician and activist (Black Flag)
March 3 – John Matteson, Pulitzer Prize-winning American biographer
April 1 – Susan Boyle, Scottish singer
April 3 – Eddie Murphy, American actor and comedian
May 6 – George Clooney, American actor
June 4 – Ferenc Gyurcsany, former Prime Minister of Hungary
June 9 – Michael J. Fox, Canadian actor
June 14 – Boy George, British singer
June 18 – Alison Moyet, British singer
June 25 – Ricky Gervais, British comedian and actor
July 1 – Diana, Princess of Wales (d. 1997)
July 1 – Carl Lewis, American athlete
July 23 – Woody Harrelson, American actor
July 30 – Laurence Fishburne, American actor
July 31 - Peter O'Brien, American drummer (Orleans)
August 4 – Barack Obama, President of the United States of America
August 8 – The Edge, Irish musician (U2)
August 9 – John Key, Prime Minister of New Zealand
September 28 - George Rossi, Scottish actor (d. 2022)
September 29 – Julia Gillard, Prime Minister of Australia
October 11 – Amr Diab, Egyptian singer
October 25 - Chad Smith, American drummer (Red Hot Chili Peppers)
October 26 – Uhuru Kenyatta, President of Kenya
November 12 – Nadia Comaneci, Romanian gymnast
November 19 – Meg Ryan, American actress
November 24 – Arundhati Roy, Indian activist and writer
December 24 – Ilham Aliyev, President of Azerbaijan
December 25 – Ingrid Betancourt, Colombian senator
December 27 – Guido Westerwelle, German politician
December 30 – Ben Johnson, Canadian athlete
January 4 – Erwin Schroedinger, Austrian physicist (b. 1887)
January 9 – Emily Greene Balch, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1867)
January 17 – Patrice Lumumba, Congolese politician (b. 1925)
February 3 – Viscount Dunrossil, Australian Governor-General (b. 1893)
February 9 – Carlos Luz, 19th President of Brazil (b. 1894)
March 3 – Paul Wittgenstein, Austrian-born pianist (b. 1887)
March 23 – Valentin Bondarenko, Russian cosmonaut (b. 1937)
April 9 – Ahmet Zog, King of Albania (b. 1895)
May 30 – Rafael Leónidas Trujillo, President of the Dominican Republic (b. 1891)
June 6 – Carl Jung, Swiss psychiatrist (b. 1875)
July 2 – Ernest Hemingway, American writer (b. 1899)
August 20 – Percy Williams Bridgman, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1882)
September 10 – Wolfgang von Trips, German racing driver (b. 1928)
September 18 – Dag Hammarskioeld, UN Secretary-General (b. 1905)
October 30 – Luigi Einaudi, Italian politician (b. 1874)
November 9 – Ferdinand Bie, Norwegian athlete (b.  1888)
December 20 – Earle Page, 11th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1880)
Nobel Prize in Physics won by Robert Hofstadter, American physicist, and Rudolf Mössbauer, German physicist
Nobel Prize in Chemistry won by Melvin Calvin, American biochemist
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine won by Georg von Békésy, Hungarian biophysicist
Nobel Prize in Literature won by Ivo Andrić, Yugoslav novelist, poet and short story writer
Nobel Peace Prize won by Dag Hammarskjöld (posthumously), Swedish diplomat
101 Dalmatians, an animated movie
The Absent-Minded Professor by Walt Disney Productions
Breakfast at Tiffany's starring Audrey Hepburn
El Cid starring Charlton Heston and Sophia Loren
La Dolce Vita starring Marcello Mastroianni and Anita Ekberg
The Guns of Navarone with Gregory Peck and Anthony Quinn
The Hustler starring Paul Newman and Jackie Gleason
Lover Come Back starring Doris Day and Rock Hudson
The Parent Trap starring Hayley Mills
West Side Story winning 10 Academy Awards
"I Fall to Pieces" – Patsy Cline
"Crazy" – Patsy Cline
"Where the Boys Are" – Connie Francis
"Running Scared" – Roy Orbison
"Crying" – Roy Orbison
"(I Wanna) Love My Life Away" – Gene Pitney
"Town Without Pity" – Gene Pitney
"The Lion Sleeps Tonight" – The Tokens
"Calcutta" – Lawrence Welk
"Runaround Sue" – Dion
"Let's Go Trippin'" – Dick Dale's first local hit, regarded as first surf rock instrumental
"Tossin' & Turnin' " – Bobby Lewis
"Runaway" – Del Shannon
"Garde-Moi la Dernière Danse" – Dalida
"Nuits d'Espagne" – Dalida
"Blue Moon" – The Marcels
"Will You Still Love Me Tomorrow" – The Shirelles
"There's No Other Like My Baby" – The Crystals' first hit
"Please Mr. Postman" – The Marvelettes
"Quarter To Three" – Gary U.S. Bonds
"Shop Around" – The Miracles
"Travelin' Man" – Ricky Nelson
"Hello Mary Lou" – Ricky Nelson
"Stand By Me" – Ben E. King
"The Wanderer" – Dion
"The Mountain's High"  –  Dick and Deedee
"Big River, Big Man" – Claude King
"The Commancheros" – Claude King
"Moody River" – Pat Boone
"I Love How You Love Me" – The Paris Sisters
Border Country – Raymond Williams
Casanova's Chinese Restaurant – Anthony Powell
The Chapman Report – Irving Wallace
Clea – Lawrence Durrell
Don't Tell Alfred – Nancy Mitford
For Your Eyes Only – Ian Fleming
Green Eggs and Ham  –  Dr. Seuss
Hunters in a Narrow Street – Jabra Ibrahim Jabra
The Insolences of Brother Anonymous – Jean-Paul Desbiens
The Many Colored Coat – Morley Callaghan
Take a Girl Like You – Kingsley Amis
To Kill A Mockingbird – Harper Lee
The Torch – Wilder Penfield
The Violent Bear It Away – Flannery O'Connor
The White Stone – Carlo Coccioli
What Ever Happened to Baby Jane? –
Henry Farrell
February 3 – American Revolutionary War: Spain recognizes the independence of the United States.
February 4 – American Revolutionary War: the Government of the United Kingdom formally declares that it will cease hostilities with the United States of America.
February 4 – Earthquake in Calabria, Italy – 50.000 dead
March 5 – Last celebration of Massacre Day.
May 18 – Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada– First United Empire Loyalists reach Parrtown.
June 5 – The Montgolfier brothers publicly demonstrate their montgolfière (hot air balloon) in Annonay, France.
June 8 – The volcano Laki, in Iceland, begins an eight-month eruption which kills 9350 people and starts a seven-year famine.
Eruption causes deaths of livestock when they eat contaminated grass and also widespread crop failure.
July 16 – Grants of land in Canada to American loyalists announced.
August 5 – Mount Asama erupts, causing turmoil in Edo period Japan.
September 3 – American Revolutionary War ends: Treaty of Paris –  the United States and the United Kingdom of Great Britain sign a treaty in Paris, ending the war.
November 2 – In Rocky Hill, New Jersey, American general George Washington gives his "Farewell Address to the Army".
November 21 – In Paris, Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier and François Laurent, marquis d'Arlandes, make the first untethered hot air balloon flight (flight time: 25 minutes, Maximum height: 5* miles).
November 25 – American Revolutionary War: The last British troops leave New York City three months after the signing of the Treaty of Paris.
December 4 – At Fraunces Tavern in New York City, US general George Washington formally bids his officers farewell.
City of Sevastopol founded;
United Empire Loyalists flee to Canada from the new United States;
Treaty of Versailles signed, ending hostilities between the Franco-Spanish Alliance and  the United Kingdom of Great Britain.
Loyalists from New York settle Great Abaco in the Bahamas.
January 23 – Stendhal, French writer (d. 1842)
March 8 – Hannah Van Buren, First Lady of the United States (d. 1819)
April 3 – Washington Irving, American writer (d. 1859)
April 10 – Hortense de Beauharnais, Queen of Holland and mother of Napoleon III of France (d. 1837)
July 24 – Simón Bolívar, Venezuelan patriot, revolutionary leader and statesman (d. 1830).
September 17 – Samuel Prout, English painter (d. 1852)
January 4 – Louis Braille, French teacher of the blind (d. 1852).
January 15 – Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, French anarchist (d. 1864)
January 19 – Edgar Allan Poe, American  writer (d. 1849)
February 3 – Felix Mendelssohn, German composer (d. 1847)
February 12 – Abraham Lincoln, 16th President of the United States (d. 1865)
February 12 –  Charles Darwin, British naturalist (d. 1882)
February 15 – Cyrus McCormick, American inventor (d. 1884)
March 31 – Nikolai Gogol, Russian writer (d. 1852)
April 15 – Hermann Gunter Grassmann, Prussian mathematician (d. 1877)
June 4 – Columbus Delano, American statesman  (d. 1896)
June 4 – John Henry Pratt, English clergyman and mathematician (d. 1871)
June 8 – Richard Wigginton Thompson, American politician (d. 1900)
August 6 – Alfred Lord Tennyson, British poet (d. 1892)
August 8 – Heinrich Abeken, German theologian (d. 1872)
August 27 – Hannibal Hamlin, American politician (d. 1891)
August 29 – Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr.,
American physician and writer (d. 1894)
October 22 – Volney E. Howard, American politician (d. 1889)
December 24 – Kit Carson, American frontiersman (d. 1868)
December 29 – William Ewart Gladstone, British politician (d. 1898)
January 5 – Alexander Dubček elected as leader of the Czechoslovakian Communist Party – the "Prague Spring" begins in Czechoslovakia
January 15 – An earthquake in Sicily – 231 dead, 262 injured
January 21 – US B-52 Stratofortress crashes in Greenland and in the process discharges four nuclear bombs
January 23 – North Korea seizes the USS Pueblo, claiming the ship violated its territorial waters while spying.
January 25 – The Israeli Submarine Dakar sinks in the Mediterranean Sea – 69 dead
January 27 – French submarine sinks in the Mediterranean with 52 men
January 30 – Vietnam War: The Tết Offensive begins, as NLF forces launch a series of surprise attacks across South Vietnam.
January 31 – NLF soldiers attack the United States embassy in Saigon
January 31 – Nauru's president Hammer DeRoburt declares independence from Australia.
February 19 – PBS airs the first episode of Mister Rogers' Neighborhood with host Fred Rogers
April 4 – Martin Luther King Jr. is shot dead in Memphis, Tennessee.
June 5 – Robert F. Kennedy is shot, and dies on the following day.
August 20 – The Prague Uprising is crushed.
December 22 - Cultural Revolution: People's Daily posted the instructions of Mao Zedong that it is "The intellectual youth must go to the country, and will be educated from living in rural poverty.
January 14 – LL Cool J, American singer and musician
January 28 – Sarah McLachlan, Canadian musician
January 30 – Crown Prince Felipe of Spain
February 1 – Lisa Marie Presley, daughter of Elvis Presley
February 8 – Gary Coleman, American actor (d. 2010)
February 18 – Molly Ringwald, American actress
March 2 – Daniel Craig, British actor
March 6 – Moira Kelly, American actress
March 30 – Céline Dion, Canadian singer and actress
April 28 - Andy Flower, Zimbabwean cricketer
May 1 – Oliver Bierhoff, German footballer
May 7 – Traci Lords, American actress & singer
May 26 – Crown Prince Frederik of Denmark
May 28 – Kylie Minogue, Australian singer & actress
June 1 – Jason Donovan, Australian actor & singer
June 21 – Chris Gueffroy, last person to be shot at the Berlin Wall (d. 1989)
June 26 – Paolo Maldini, Italian footballer
July 16 – Larry Sanger, Wikipedia co-founder
July 21 – Brandi Chastain, American footballer
August 2 – Stefan Effenberg, German footballer
August 4 – Daniel Dae-Kim, American actor
August 5 – Colin McRae, Scottish rally driver (d. 2007)
August 9 – Gillian Anderson, American actress
September 1 – Mohamed Atta, Egyptian terrorist (d. 2001)
September 7 – Marcel Desailly, French footballer
September 10 – Andreas Herzog, Austrian footballer
September 25 – Will Smith, American actor
September 28 – Naomi Watts, American actress
October 12 – Hugh Jackman, Australian actor
October 18 – Michael Stich, German tennis player
December 2 – Lucy Liu, American actress
December 9 – Kurt Angle, American professional wrestler
December 18 – Mario Basler, German footballer
December 30 – Meredith Monroe, American actress
January 22 – Duke Kahanamoku, American athlete (b. 1890)
March 27 – Yuri Gagarin, Soviet cosmonaut (b. 1934)
April 4 – Martin Luther King, Jr., American civil rights activist (b. 1929)
April 7 – Jim Clark, Scottish racing driver (b. 1936)
June 1 – Helen Keller, American educator (b. 1880)
June 6 – Robert F. Kennedy, American politician (b. 1925)
November 28 – Enid Blyton, British writer (b. 1897)
December 20 – John Steinbeck, American writer (b. 1902)
December 30 – Trygve Lie, UN Secretary-General (b. 1896)
2001: A Space Odyessy
Once Upon A Time in West
Flight 714 by Hergé
M*A*S*H by Richard Hooker
"Born To Be Wild" – Steppenwolf
"Dance To The Music" – Sly & The Family Stone
"Harper Valley P.T.A" – Jeannie C. Riley
"Hello, I Love You" – The Doors
"Hey Jude"/"Revolution" – The Beatles
"Judy In Disguise (With Glasses)" – John Fred & his Playboy Band
"Jumpin' Jack Flash" – Rolling Stones
"Just Dropped In (To See What Condition My Condition Was In)" – Kenny Rogers and The First Edition
"Lady Madonna" – The Beatles
"Chain of Fools" – Aretha Franklin
"Valleri" – The Monkees
"Mony Mony" – Tommy James & the Shondells
"Mrs. Robinson" – Simon and Garfunkel
"(Sittin' On The) Dock Of The Bay" – Otis Redding
"Sunshine Of Your Love" – Cream
"This Guy's in Love With You" – Herb Alpert
"Midnight Confessions" – The Grass Roots
"Classical Gas" – Mason Williams
475 – Romulus Augustus is proclaimed Roman Emperor.
1517 – Protestant Reformation: Martin Luther posts his 95 theses on the door of the Wittenberg Castle Church.
1587 – Leiden University Library opens its doors after its founding in 1575.
1822 – Emperor Agustín de Iturbide attempts to dissolve the Mexican Empire.
1848 - Vienna's October Revolution ends.
1861 – American Civil War: Citing failing health, Union General Winfield Scott resigns as Commander of the United States Army.
1863 – The Maori Wars resumed as British forces in New Zealand led by General Duncan Cameron began their Invasion of the Waikato.
1864 – Nevada is admitted as the 36th U.S. state.
1876 - A monster cyclone hits India, killing around 200,000 people.
1878 - A massive fire breaks out on Kungsholmen Island, Stockholm.
1892 – Arthur Conan Doyle publishes The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes.
1912 – The Musketeers of Pig Alley, directed by D.W. Griffith, debuts as the first gangster movie.
1912 – Dominican Republic becomes a signatory to the Buenos Aires Convention.
1913 - Dedication of the Lincoln Highway, the first automobile highway in the United States.
1917 – World War I: Battle of Beersheba – "last successful cavalry charge in history".
1918 - Hungary withdraws from the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary, which dissolves as a result.
On the same day, Hungarian Prime Minister Istvan Tisza is shot dead.
1922 – Benito Mussolini becomes the youngest Premier in the history of Italy.
1923 - First of 160 consecutive days when the temperature is at, or over, 100 degrees Fahrenheit in Marble Bar, Western Australia.
1924 – World Savings Day was declared in Milano/Italy, by the Italian Professor Ravizza at the 1st International Savings Bank Congress (World Society of Savings Banks).
1926 – Magician Harry Houdini dies of gangrene and peritonitis that developed after his appendix ruptured.
1936 – The Boy Scouts of the Philippines is formed.
1938 – Great Depression: In an effort to try restore investor confidence, the New York Stock Exchange unveils a fifteen-point program aimed to upgrade protection for the investing public.
1940 – World War II: Battle of Britain ends – The United Kingdom prevents Germany from invading Great Britain.
1941 – After 14 years of work, drilling is completed on Mount Rushmore.
1941 – World War II: The destroyer USS Reuben James is torpedoed by a German U-boat near Iceland, killing more than 100 United States Navy sailors.
1941 – American photographer Ansel Adams takes a picture of a moonrise over the town of Hernandez, New Mexico that would become one of the most famous images in the history of photography.
1954 – Algerian War of Independence: The Algerian National Liberation Front begins a revolt against French rule.
1956 – Suez Crisis: The United Kingdom and France begin bombing Egypt to force the reopening of the Suez Canal.
1956 - George Dufek makes the first landing at the Geographical South Pole.
It relates to the building of the Amundsen-Scott Research Station.
1961 – In the Soviet Union, Joseph Stalin's body is removed from Lenin's Tomb.
1961 - Hurricane Hattie destroys Belize City, Belize.
1963 - An explosion occurs at the Indiana State Fair Coliseum in Indianapolis, killing 74 people and injuring over 400, during an ice skating show.
1968 – Vietnam War October surprise:Citing progress with the Paris peace talks, US President Lyndon B. Johnson announces to the nation that he has ordered a complete stop of "all air, naval, and artillery bombardment of North Vietnam" effective November 1.
1984 – Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi is assassinated by two Sikh security guards.
Riots soon start in New Delhi and nearly 2,000 innocent Sikhs are killed.
1991 - Zambia holds its first democratic elections, in which Frederick Chiluba is elected President.
1992 - Pope John Paul II removes the Edict of Inquisition on Galileo Galilei.
1994 – An American Eagle ATR-72 crashes in Roselawn, Indiana, after circling in icy weather, killing 64 passengers.
1996 – A Brazilian TAM Fokker-100 crashes into several houses in São Paulo, Brazil killing 98 including 2 on the ground.
1997 - Letsie III is officially crowned King of Lesotho.
1998 – Iraq disarmament crisis begins: Iraq announces it would no longer cooperate with United Nations weapons inspectors.
1999 – EgyptAir Flight 990 traveling from New York City to Cairo crashes off the coast of Nantucket, Massachusetts, killing all 217 on board.
1999 – Roman Catholic Church and Lutheran Church leaders sign the Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification, ending a centuries-old doctrinal dispute over the nature of faith and salvation.
2000 – A Singapore Airlines Boeing 747-400 crashes immediately after takeoff in Taipei, Taiwan killing 81
2000 – A chartered Antonov AN-26 explodes after takeoff in Northern Angola killing 50
2000 – The last Multics machine is shut down.
2002 - A magnitude 5.9 earthquake hits the regions of Molise and Puglia in Italy, killing 28 people; 26 of them are schoolchildren in the town of San Giacomo di Puglia.
2003 – Mahathir Mohamad resigns as Prime Minister of Malaysia after 22 years in power.
2004 - The first round of the Presidential election in Ukraine results in a run-off between Viktor Yushchenko and Viktor Yanukovych on November 21.
2010 – Dilma Rousseff is elected the first female President of Brazil.
2011 – According to UN estimates, the world population reaches 7 billion.
2011 - UNESCO votes to admit Palestine as a member.
2014 - President of Burkina Faso Blaise Compaoré resigns after 27 years in power following violent protests in the capital Ouagadougou against his intention to extend his rule.
The military takes over the running of the country.
2014 - Virgin Galactic's SpaceShipTwo crashes in the Mojave Desert in California, killing one person.
It is seen as a blow to Richard Branson's ambitions on space tourism.
2015 - Kogalymavia Flight 9268, a Russian airliner, crashes on Egypt's Sinai Peninsula while travelling from Sharm-el-Sheikh to Saint Petersburg, killing all 224 people on board.
2015 - New Zealand win the 2015 Rugby union World Cup in England, defeating Australia 34-17 in the final.
They become the first team to win the competition twice in-a-row.
2016 - Michel Aoun becomes President of Lebanon.
2017 - Germany holds a national holiday to mark 500 years since the start of the Protestant Reformation.
2017 - 2017 New York City attack: A vehicle-ramming attack near the southern end of Manhattan, New York City, results in the deaths of 8 people, including 5 friends from Argentina.
2019 - Fire breaks out in the main halls of Shurijo, Okinawa, Japan.
2019 - A train fire on the Karachi to Peshawar railway line in Pakistan kills 74 people.
1291 – Philippe de Vitry, French composer (d. 1361)
1345 – King Fernando I of Portugal (d. 1383)
1391 – King Duarte of Portugal (d. 1438)
1424 – Wladyslaw III of Poland (d. 1444)
1620 – John Evelyn, English writer and diarist (d. 1706)
1632 – Johannes Vermeer, Dutch painter (d. 1675)
1636 - Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria (d. 1679)
1686 - Senesino, Italian singer (d. 1758)
1692 - Comte de Caylus, French archaeologist (d. 1756)
1694 - Yeongjo of Joseon of Korea (d. 1776)
1705 – Pope Clement XIV (d. 1774)
1711 – Laura Bassi, Italian university professor (d. 1778)
1737 – James Lovell, American educator (d. 1789)
1740 - William Paca, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (d. 1799)
1750 - Leonor de Almeida Portugal, 4th Marquies of Alorna, Portuguese noblewoman, painter and poet (d. 1839)
1795 – John Keats, English poet (d. 1821)
1802 - Charlotte Bonaparte, sister-in-law of Napoleon (d. 1839)
1815 - Karl Weierstrass, German mathematician (d. 1897)
1815 - Thomas Chapman, English-Australian politician, 5th Premier of Tasmania (d. 1884)
1817 - Heinrich Graetz, Prussian historian (d. 1891)
1821 - Karel Havlicek Borovsky, Czech poet, writer, politician and journalist (d. 1856)
1825 - Charles Lavigerie, French-Algerian cardinal (d. 1892)
1826 - Joseph Roswell Hawley, Governor of Connecticut (d. 1905)
1827 - Richard Morris Hunt, American educator (d. 1895)
1828 - Joseph Wilson Swan, English physicist and chemist (d. 1914)
1831 - Paolo Mantegazza, Italian neurologist (d. 1910)
1835 – Adolf von Baeyer, German chemist (d. 1917)
1835 - Adelbert Ames, American politician (d. 1933)
1835 - Krisjanis Barons, Latvian writer (d. 1923)
1838 – King Louis I of Portugal (d. 1889)
1847 - Galileo Ferraris, Italian engineer and physicist (d. 1897)
1848 - Boston Custer, American general (d. 1876)
1851 – Lovisa of Sweden, Queen of Denmark (d. 1926)
1854 – Otto Sverdrup, Norwegian polar explorer (d. 1930)
1856 - Carlos Antonio Mendoza, 3rd President of Panama (d. 1916)
1857 - Axel Munthe, Swedish physician and psychiatrist (d. 1949)
1860 - Juliette Gordon Low, founder of the Girl Scouts of America (d. 1927)
1864 – Einar Benediktsson, Icelandic poet and lawyer (d. 1940)
1868 - John Weir Tory, American journalist and politician, 5th Territorial Governor of Alaska (d. 1942)
1875 - Eugene Meyer, 1st President of the World Bank (d. 1959)
1875 - Vallabhbhai Patel, Indian freedom fighter and statesman (d. 1950)
1880 - Mikhail Tomsky, Soviet-Russian politician (d. 1936)
1883 - Marie Laurencin, French painter (d. 1956)
1883 - Anthony Wilding, New Zealand tennis player (d. 1915)
1887 – Chiang Kai-shek, Chinese Nationalist politician, President of the Republic of China (d. 1975)
1887 - Newsy Lalonde, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1970)
1888 - Napoleon Lapathiotis, Greek poet (d. 1941)
1888 - George Hubert Wilkins, Australian-born British explorer (d. 1958)
1892 - Alexander Alekhine, Russian chess player (d. 1946)
1895 - B. H. Liddell Hart, British soldier and military historian (d. 1970)
1896 – Ethel Waters, American actress and singer (d. 1977)
1903 - Bertrand Jouvenel, French political philosopher (d. 1987)
1908 - Muriel Duckworth, Canadian activist (d. 2009)
1912 - Dale Evans, American singer and actress (d. 2001)
1912 - Ollie Johnston, American animator (d. 2003)
1914 - Robert E. Smylie, American politician, 24th Governor of Idaho (d. 2004)
1916 – Carl Johan Bernadotte, Swedish prince (d. 2012)
1917 - William H. McNeill, Canadian-American historian (d. 2016)
1918 - Griffin Bell, 72nd United States Attorney General (d. 2009)
1919 - Magnus Wenninger, American mathematician (d. 2017)
1920 – Dick Francis, British writer and jockey (d. 2010)
1920 - Takashi Kano, Japanese footballer (d. 2000)
1920 – Gunnar Gren, Swedish footballer (d. 1991)
1920 – Fritz Walter, German footballer (d. 2002)
1920 - Dedan Kimathi, Kenyan activist (d. 1957)
1922 – Norodom Sihanouk, former King of Cambodia (d. 2012)
1922 - Illinois Jacquet, American jazz musician (d. 2004)
1922 - Anatoli Papanov, Soviet actor (d. 1987)
1922 - Barbara Bel Geddes, American actress (d. 2005)
1925 – John Pople, British chemist (d. 2004)
1926 - Mario Abramovich, Argentine violinist and composer (d. 2014)
1926 – Jimmy Savile, British television personality and sexual abuser (d. 2011)
1927 - Edmund Gettier, American philosopher
1928 - Cleo Moore, American actress (d. 1973)
1929 - Eddie Charlton, Australian snooker player (d. 2004)
1929 - Bud Spencer, Italian movie and television actor (d. 2016)
1930 – Michael Collins, American astronaut
1931 – Dan Rather, American journalist
1932 - Jacques Pic, French chef (d. 1992)
1933 - Phil Goyette, Canadian ice hockey player
1933 - Narriman Sadek, Queen of Egypt (d. 2005)
1935 - Mohamed Hussein Tantawi, Egyptian general and former caretaker-President
1936 – Michael Landon, American actor (d. 1991)
1937 - Tom Paxton, American singer-songwriter
1939 - Tom O'Connor, English comedian and actor
1939 - Ali Farka Touré, Malian singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2006)
1939 – Ron Rifkin, American actor
1941 - Sally Kirkland, American actress
1942 – David Ogden Stiers, American actor (d. 2018)
1942 - George Brizan, Prime Minister of Grenada (d. 2012)
1943 - Paul Frampton, English physicist
1944 - Kinky Friedman, American country musician, writer and politician
1945 - Russ Ballard, English rock music singer, songwriter and guitarist
1945 - Brian Doyle-Murray, American actor
1947 - Carmen Alborch, Spanish writer and politician (d. 2018)
1947 – Herman Van Rompuy, Belgian politician
1947 - Alberto Bigon, Italian footballer
1948 - Michael Kitchen, British actor
1949 - Bob Siebenberg, American musician
1950 - Zaha Hadid, Iraqi-born British architect (d. 2016)
1950 – John Candy, Canadian actor (d. 1994)
1951 - Dave Trembley, American baseball manager
1953 - John Lucas II, American basketball player and coach
1953 - Michael S. Anderson, American actor
1953 - José Costa, Portuguese footballer
1957 - Brian Stokes Mitchell, American singer and actor
1958 - Debbie McGee, English television personality
1959 - Neal Stephenson, American actor
1959 - Michael DeLorenzo, American actor, singer and director
1960 - Reza Pahlavi, former Prince of Iran
1960 - Arnaud Desplechin, French movie director
1960 - Luis Fortuño, 9th Governor of Puerto Rico
1961 – Peter Jackson, New Zealand movie director
1961 – Larry Mullen Jr., Irish musician (U2)
1961 - Alonzo Babers, American athlete
1963 - Sarah Jane Brown, wife of Gordon Brown
1963 - Mikkey Dee, Swedish musician
1963 – Dermot Mulroney, American actor
1963 – Rob Schneider, American actor
1963 - Johnny Marr, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
1963 - Sanjeev Bhaskar, English actor
1963 – Dunga, Brazilian footballer and coach
1964 – Marco van Basten, Dutch footballer
1964 - Colm O Ciosoig, Irish drummer and songwriter
1964 - Marty Wright, American professional wrestler
1965 - Rob Rackstraw, English voice actor
1966 - Ad-Rock, American rapper, producer and actor
1966 - Mike O'Malley, actor
1967 - Irina Pantaeva, Russian model and actress
1967 – Vanilla Ice, American rapper
1968 - Fred McGriff, American baseball player
1970 - Linn Berggren, Swedish singer-songwriter (Ace of Base)
1970 - Mitch Harris, American guitarist and songwriter
1970 - Johnny Moeller, American guitarist
1970 - Nolan North, American actor
1970 - Terry Alderton, English comedian
1972 – Matt Dawson, English rugby player
1973 - Christopher Bevins, American voice actor, director, scriptwriter and producer
1973 - Beverly Lynne, American actress
1973 - Arzum Onan, Turkish actress and model
1974 - Natasja Saad, Danish musician (d. 2007)
1976 – Guti, Spanish footballer
1976 – Piper Perabo, American actress
1977 - Chikara Fujimoto, Japanese footballer
1978 – Inka Grings, German footballer
1979 – Simao Sabrosa, Portuguese footballer
1979 – Ricardo Fuller, Jamaican footballer
1980 – Kengo Nakamura, Japanese footballer
1981 – Frank Iero, rhythm guitarist, back up vocals in My Chemical Romance
1981 – Lollie Alexi Devereaux, French actress and writer
1982 – Tomas Plekanec, Czech ice hockey player
1983 – Katy French, Irish model (d. 2007)
1984 – Scott Clifton, American actor
1986 – Christie Hayes, Australian actress
1988 – Cole Aldrich, American basketball player
1988 – Sébastien Buemi, Swiss racing driver
1989 – Warren Weir, Jamaican athlete
1990 - J.I.D, American rapper
1990 - Emiliano Sala, Argentine footballer (d. 2019)
1992 – Vanessa Marano, American actress
1993 – Letitia Wright, Guyanese-born British actress
1997 – Marcus Rashford, English footballer
2000 – Willow Smith, American singer
2005 – Leonor, Princess of Asturias, Spanish royal
1147 - Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester, son of King Henry I of England (b. 1090)
1214 - Leonora of England, queen of Alfonso VIII of Castile (b. 1162)
1448 – John VIII Palaeologus, Byzantine Emperor (b. 1390)
1517 - Fra Bartolommeo, Italian artist (b. 1472)
1723 – Cosimo III de'Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b. 1642)
1732 – Victor Amadeus II of Savoy (b. 1666)
1744 - Leonardo Leo, Italian composer (b. 1694)
1765 – Prince William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland (b. 1721)
1768 - Francesco Maria Veracini, Italian composer (b. 1690)
1879 – Joseph Hooker, American general (b. 1814)
1883 - Swami Dayananda Saraswati, Indian spiritual figure (b. 1824)
1884 - Marie Bashkirtseff, Russian painter (b. 1858)
1916 – Charles Taze Russell, American religious leader, founder of the Jehovah's Witnesses (b. 1852)
1918 – Egon Schiele, Austrian painter (b. 1890)
1918 - István Tisza, Prime Minister of Hungary (b. 1861)
1925 - Mikhail Frunze, Russian revolutionary (b. 1885)
1925 - Max Linder, French actor, director and screenwriter (b. 1883)
1926 - Anteo Zamboni, Italian anarchist (b. 1911)
1926 – Harry Houdini, Hungarian-born magician (b. 1874)
1929 - António José de Almeida, Portuguese politician (b. 1866)
1939 - Otto Rank, Austrian psychologist (b. 1884)
1941 - Herwarth Walden, German writer, musician and composer (b. 1878)
1959 - Jean Cabannes, French physicist (b. 1885)
1961 - Augustus John, British painter (b. 1883)
1972 - Bill Durnan, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1916)
1973 - Malek Bennabi, Algerian thinker (b. 1905)
1979 - Putte Kock, Swedish sportsman (b. 1901)
1980 - Jan Werich, Czech actor, playwright and writer (b. 1905)
1983 - George Halas, American professional football coach and team owner (b. 1895)
1984 – Indira Gandhi, Prime Minister of India (b. 1917)
1984 - Eduardo De Filippo, Italian actor and screenwriter (b. 1900)
1986 – Robert S. Mulliken, American physicist and chemist (b. 1896)
1988 - John Houseman, Romanian-born American actor and director (b. 1902)
1991 - Joseph Papp, American director and producer (b. 1921)
1993 – Federico Fellini, Italian movie director (b. 1920)
1993 – River Phoenix, American actor (b. 1970)
1995 – Rosalind Cash, American actress (b. 1938)
1997 – Hans Bauer, German footballer (b. 1927)
1998 - Elmer Vasko, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1935)
1999 - Immanuel Jakobovits, Baron Jakobovits, Chief Rabbi of the United Kingdom (b. 1921)
2000 - Ring Lardner, Jr., American screenwriter (b. 1915)
2002 - Michail Stasinopoulos, Greek politician (b. 1903)
2005 - Mary Wimbush, British actress (b. 1924)
2006 – Pieter Willem Botha, Apartheid-era President of South Africa (b. 1916)
2007 - Ray Gravell, Welsh rugby player (b. 1951)
2008 – Studs Terkel, American writer, historian, actor and broadcaster (b. 1912)
2009 – Qian Xuesen, Chinese scientist (b. 1911)
2010 - Ted Sorensen, American jurist and author (b. 1928)
2011 – Flórián Albert, Hungarian footballer (b. 1941)
2011 – Ali Saibou, 3rd President of Niger (b. 1940)
2012 - John Fitch, American racing driver, engineer and inventor (b. 1917)
2012 - John H. Reed, 67th Governor of Maine (b. 1921)
2013 - Gérard de Villiers, French journalist and author (b. 1929)
2014 - David Manker Abshire, American diplomat (b. 1926)
2014 - Hitoshi Motoshima, Japanese politician (b. 1922)
2014 - John Forzani, Canadian businessman (b. 1947)
2014 - Renato Sellani, Italian jazz pianist and composer (b. 1926)
2014 - Brad Halsey, American baseball player (b. 1981)
2015 - Ants Antson, Estonian speed skater (b. 1938)
2015 - Gregg Palmer, American actor (b. 1927)
2015 - Gus Savage, American newspaper executive and politician (b. 1925)
2015 - Thomas Blatt, Polish Holocaust survivor and writer (b. 1927)
2016 - Vladimir Zeldin, Russian actor (b. 1915)
2017 - Abubakari Yakubu, Ghanaian footballer (b. 1981)
2017 - Mario das Neves, Argentine politician (b. 1951)
2017 - Papi Oviedo, Cuban musician (b. 1938)
2018 - Willie McCovey, American baseball player (b. 1938)
2018 - Dana G. Mead, American businessman (b. 1936)
2018 - Ken Shellito, English footballer and manager (b. 1940)
2018 - Tony Streather, British army officer and mountaineer (b. 1926)
2019 - Ebrahim Abadi, Iranian actor (b. 1934)
2019 - Enrico Braggiotti, Turkish-Monegasque banker (b. 1923)
2019 - Ann Crumb, American actress, animal rights activist and singer (b. 1950)
2019 - Geetanjali, Indian actress (b. 1947)
Samhain (Paganism)
Day of the Dead (Mexico)
Reformation Day (Protestantism)
Canteen (bottle), an object for carrying water
Canteen (place), a small restaurant
A beadle is someone who works at a church or a Jewish synagogue and helps the clergy.
A beadle's main job is to show people to their seats and to keep order during church services.
Religious occupations
April 15 – Jackie Robinson, an African-American, plays first base for the Brooklyn Dodgers major-league baseball team, ending the sport's unofficial rule against blacks playing.
June 26 - Sindh province joins Pakistan, after the majority voted in favour.
June 29 - Balochistan (Pakistan) province joins Pakistan, after the majority voted in favour.
July 2 - North-West Frontier Province province joins Pakistan, after the majority voted in favour.
July 19 - Punjab (Pakistan) province joins Pakistan, after the majority voted in favour.
July 22 – The former East Bengal province joins Pakistan on the basis of a Muslim-majority region the people had voted in to join the cause for Pakistan, according to the Partition Plan, based on the Two-nation theory.
It later becomes the present day People's Republic of Bangladesh, since 1971.
August 14 – Pakistan is granted freedom from Britain, end of the British Raj.
August 15 – India gains independence from Britain.
January 1 - Jon Corzine, American politician
January 8 – David Bowie, British singer (d. 2016)
February 18 - Dennis DeYoung, American keyboardist (Styx)
March 8 – Carole Bayer Sager, American actress and singer
March 24 - Alan Sugar, British businessman
March 24 - Christine Gregoire, American politician
March 25 – Elton John, British singer
March 29 - Bobby Kimball, American singer (Toto)
April 16 - Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, American basketball player
April 18 - James Woods, American actor
May 8 - John Reid, Baron Reid of Cardowan, British politician
May 25 - Mitch Margo, American singer (The Tokens) (d. 2017)
May 31 - Junior Campbell, Scottish musician and composer
June 24 - Mick Fleetwood, English drummer (Fleetwood Mac)
July 2 - Elijah Kostunica, Serbian politician
July 9 - O. J. Simpson, American football player
July 17 - Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall
July 19 - Brian May, English guitarist (Queen)
July 19 - Bernie Leadon, American singer-songwriter and musician (Eagles)
July 22 - Don Henley, American singer-songwriter and musician (Eagles)
July 30 - Arnold Schwarzenegger, Austrian-born actor, bodybuilder and politician, former Governor of California
July 31 - Richard Griffiths, British actor (d. 2013)
August 16 – Carol Moseley Braun, American jurist
September 21 - Don Felder, American singer-songwriter and musician (Eagles)
September 30 - Marc Bolan, British musician (d. 1977)
October 4 - Ann Widdecombe, British politician
October 26 – Hillary Clinton, former First Lady of the United States and United States Secretary of State
October 30 - Timothy B. Schmit, American singer-songwriter and musician (Eagles)
November 1 - Bob Weston, English rock guitarist (Fleetwood Mac) (d. 2012)
November 10 - Bachir Gemayel, Lebanese politician (d. 1982)
November 10 - Greg Lake, English musician (Emerson, Lake & Palmer) (d. 2016)
November 20 - Joe Walsh, American singer-songwriter and musician (Eagles)
December 8 – Gregg Allman, American rock musician (The Allman Brothers Band) (d. 2017)
December 11 - David E. Stone, American sound editor
Emil J. Brach, American candy manufacturer (b. 1859)
January 25 – Al Capone, American gangster (b. 1899)
March 11 – Victor Lustig, Austrian-born con artist (b. 1890)
March 18 – William C. Durant, American automobile pioneer (b. 1861)
March 19 – Prudence Heward, Canadian painter (b. 1896)
March 20 – Victor Goldschmidt, Swiss geochemist (b. 1888)
March 30 – Arthur Machen, Welsh-born writer (b. 1863)
April 1 – King George II of Greece (b. 1890)
April 7 – Henry Ford, American automobile manufacturer (b. 1863)
April 20 – King Christian X of Denmark (b. 1870)
April 24 – Willa Cather, American novelist (b. 1873)
May 8 – Harry Gordon Selfridge, American department store magnate (b. 1858)
May 16 – Frederick Hopkins, English biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine (b. 1861)
May 17 – George William Forbes, Prime Minister of New Zealand
May 20 – Philipp Lenard, Austrian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1862)
May 24 – C. F. Ramuz, Swiss writer (b. 1878)
July 19 – Aung San, Burmese nationalist (assassinated) (b. 1915)
July 30 – Joseph Cook, sixth Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1860)
October 4 – Max Planck, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1858)
November 25 – Léon-Paul Fargue, French writer (b. 1876)
December 1 – Aleister Crowley, British occultist (b. 1875)
December 1 – G. H. Hardy, British mathematician (b. 1877)
December 7 – Tristan Bernard, French writer and lawyer (b. 1866)
December 7 – Nicholas M. Butler, American president of Columbia University, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1862)
December 17 – J. N. Brønsted, Danish chemist (b. 1879)
The Loved One by Evelyn Waugh
Bright November – Kingsley Amis' first collection of poems
Country Place – Ann Lane Petty
Creatures of Circumstance – W. Somerset Maugham
The Cold War – Walter Lippmann
Dark Carnival – Ray Bradbury's first book
Dialectic of Enlightenment – Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer
Doctor Faustus – Thomas Mann
Eyes of a Blue Dog – Gabriel García Márquez
Froth on the Daydream – Boris Vian
God Is For White Folks – Thomas Will
Goodnight Moon – Margaret Wise Brown
Great Northern? –
A High Wind Rising – Elsie Singmaster
I, the Jury – Mickey Spillane
Les Jeux Inconnus – François Boyer
Knock On Any Door – Willard Motley
Lear, Tolstoy and the Fool – George Orwell
Masquerade, a Historical Novel – Oscar Micheaux
Miss Hickory – Carolyn Sherwin Bailey
The Moneyman – Thomas B. Costain
Paris Was Our Mistress: Memoirs of a Lost & Found Generation – Samuel Putnam
The Path to the Nest of Spiders – Italo Calvino
The Pearl – John Steinbeck
The Plague (La Peste) – Albert Camus
Prince of Foxes – Samuel Shellabarger
Rocket Ship Galileo – Robert A. Heinlein
Saggy Baggy Elephant – Kathryn Jackson and Byron Jackson
Snow Country – Yasunari Kawabata
Tales of the South Pacific – James A. Michener
Tarzan and the Foreign Legion – Edgar Rice Burroughs
Tea with Mrs Goodman – Philip Toynbee
Theatre – W. Somerset Maugham
Under the Volcano – Malcolm Lowry
Who Has Seen the Wind?
– W.O. Mitchell
Nobel prizes
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine won by Carl Ferdinand Cori, Gerty Cori and Bernardo Houssay
180 - 12 inhabitants of Scillium in North Africa are executed for being Christians.
1203 - The Fourth Crusade captures Constantinople by assault.
1402 – Yongle becomes Emperor of China.
1429 - Hundred Years' War: Charles VIII of France is crowned King.
1453 - Battle of Castillon: France defeats England in the last battle of the Hundred Years' War.
1717 - George Frideric Handel's Water Music is premiered, as King George I of Great Britain sails down the River Thames with a barge of 50 musicians.
1771 - Bloody Falls massacre: Chipewyan chef Matonabbee, travelling as the guide to Samuel Hearne on his Arctic overland expedition, massacres a group of unsuspecting Inuit.