the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
Ethnic cleansing in Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict
UK House of Commons report
Survivors of Maraghar massacre: It was truly like a contemporary Golgotha many times over
Circular knitting or knitting in the round is a form of knitting that creates a seamless tube.
It is done with circular or double-pointed needles.
Socks, mittens, and sweaters can be made with circular knitting.
Knitting machines are used to make knitted cloth for clothing or household items.
They can make flat shapes or tubular shapes.
The tubular shapes can be used for t-shirts.
The Kirovabad pogrom was an attack by Azeris against the targeted Armenian population living in the Azerbaijani town of Kirovabad  in November 1988.
It is estimated that at least 130 people were killed.
Pogroms in Kirovabad - MIATSUM
In the Book of Genesis, chapters two and three, the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil was a tree in the middle of the Garden of Eden, along with the Tree of Life.
God Told Adam and Eve) to never eat from this Tree.
When Eve and Adam, ate the fruit from the Tree of Knowledge, they discovered that they were naked, and were banished from the garden and forced to survive through farming.
Different views of the tree itself
According to the Jewish tradition, God telling Adam and Eve not to eat from the Tree was to give them free choice and allow them to earn perfection instead of getting it with a simple deed.
According to this tradition, Adam and Eve would have become perfect and immortal had they not eaten from the Tree.
After failing, they were sentenced to a long time of hard work to get themselves back into God's trust.
In Christianity, the Tree of Knowledge is connected to the beginning of sin.
By eating the fruit of the Tree, Adam and Eve tried to become like God.
Trees in other religions
In Buddhism, the Buddha became enlightened under a Bodhi tree.
While the biblical tree is usually seen as representing pleasure, the Bodhi tree gave pure knowledge.
The symbol of the Tree
For the institution founded in London in 1719 for putting on performances of operas see George Frideric Handel.
The Royal Academy of Music is a conservatory in London where young people can study music.
It was founded in 1822.
Many musicians who became famous studied music at the Royal Academy of Music.
The Royal Academy of Music was officially founded (started) in 1822 and was opened the next year.
King George IV was the patron of the conservatory.
At first it had 21 students.
In 1830 it received its Royal Charter, but for many years it had financial problems and it was not until 1868, when the British Prime Minister William Ewart Gladstone arranged for it to have a regular grant, that it began to do well.
During the 19th century the Academy was in Hanover Square, but in 1912 it moved to Marylebone Road near Regent's Park.
Since 1912 many changes and extensions have been made to the building.
Many concerts are given in the Duke’s Hall and operas are performed in the Sir Jack Lyons Theatre.
Many of the professors (teachers) at the Academy come from other countries.
The Academy works together with King’s College, London where many of the students take a 4 year performance course.
In 1997 they won some lottery money which helped them to get a new building for their collection of musical instruments.
It has a large library which includes all the books and music which used to belong to the conductors Sir Henry Wood and Otto Klemperer.
Today the students come from over 50 countries.
Students from abroad can attend a special “English for Musicians” course.
There are over 600 students at the Academy.
The students have many opportunities to perform, both in the Academy and in concerts in other places.
Over 90% of the students find a career in music after they leave the Academy.
Some famous people who studied at the Royal Academy of Music
John Barbirolli (conductor)
Arnold Bax (composer)
Richard Rodney Bennett (composer)
Harrison Birtwistle (composer)
Dennis Brain (French horn|horn player)
William Crotch (first Principal of the Royal Academy of Music)
Sir Clifford Curzon (pianist)
John Dankworth (jazz composer)
Lesley Garrett (soprano)
Evelyn Glennie (percussionist)
Myra Hess (pianist)
Elton John (rock musician) Junior Academy
Freddy Kempf (pianist)
Philip Langridge (tenor)
Felicity Lott (soprano)
Moura Lympany (pianist)
Joanna MacGregor (pianist)
Michael Nyman (composer)
Sir Simon Rattle (conductor)
Arthur Sullivan (composer)
Eva Turner (soprano)
Christopher Warren-Green (conductor)
Sir Henry Wood (conductor)
Colleges and universities in London
The Royal College of Music is a conservatory in London where young people can study music.
It was founded in 1882.
Many musicians who became famous studied music at the Royal College of Music.
The Royal College of Music was founded by Royal charter.
The president was the Prince of Wales (later King Edward VII).
The president has always been a member of the royal family.
The first director was Sir George Grove and he was followed by Sir Hubert Parry.
The first building was opposite the west side to the Royal Albert Hall, but in 1894 the RCM moved to a larger building south of the Royal Albert Hall on Prince Consort Road.
The College is still there, but there have been many extensions and improvements to the building since then.
There are about 520 students at the RCM.
About 170 of these are post-graduate students.
The college can award degrees and diplomas in music.
Composers and performing musicians can study there.
There is a large museum of musical instruments.
Next to the main building is a 400-seater opera house, the Britten Theatre, opened in 1986.
There are now over 600 students from about 50 countries.
Some famous people who studied at the Royal College of Music
Thomas Allen (born 1944), singer
Julian Anderson (born 1967), composer
Malcolm Arnold (1921 - 2006), composer
Arthur Bliss (1891 - 1975), composer
Rutland Boughton (1878 - 1960),  composer
Julian Bream (born 1933), guitarist and lutenist
Benjamin Britten (1913 - 1976), composer
George Butterworth (1885 - 1916), composer
Samuel Coleridge-Taylor  (1875 - 1912), composer
Thurston Dart (1921 - 1971), performer and musicologist
Andrew Davis (born 1944), conductor
Colin Davis (born 1927), conductor
James Galway (born 1939), flautist
Eugène Goossens (1893 - 1962), conductor
Charles Groves (1915 - 1992), conductor
David Helfgott (born 1947), pianist
Gustav Holst (1874 - 1934), composer
Herbert Howells (1892-1983), composer
John Ireland (1879 - 1962), composer and pianist
Dame Gwyneth Jones (born 1936), Wagnerian soprano
Thea King (1925-2007), clarinetist
Constant Lambert (1905 - 1951), composer and critic
John Lill (born 1944), pianist
Hamish MacCunn (1868-1916), composer and conductor
Neville Marriner (born 1924), conductor
Francis Monkman (born 1949), rock, classical and film score composer
Peter Pears (1910 - 1986), singer
Trevor Pinnock (born 1946), harpsichordist and conductor
Edmundo Ros (1910—2011), band leader
Cyril Smith (1909 - 1974), pianist
Leopold Stokowski (1882 - 1977), conductor
Joan Sutherland (born 1926), singer
Michael Tippett (1905 - 1998), composer
Mark-Anthony Turnage (born 1960), composer
Fanny Waterman (born 1920), founder, chairman and artistic director of the Leeds International Pianoforte Competition musician
Andrew Lloyd Webber (born 1948), composer
Julian Lloyd Webber (born 1951), cellist
William Lloyd Webber (1914 - 1982), composer
Gillian Weir (born 1941), internationally-renowned organist
John Williams (born 1941), guitarist
Ralph Vaughan Williams (1872 - 1958), composer
Royal College of Music website
The full form of ATM is Automated Teller Machine for short, is a machine that lets people take out (withdraw) cash from their bank accounts.
In the UK ATMs are often called cash machines, cashpoints or the hole in the wall.
Some ATMs allow people to do more than take money out.
They may allow people to put in money, or check how much money is in a bank account.
ATMs may be found in stores and shopping malls.
Sometimes, they can be found in bars or restaurants.
Other times, at special events, people may set one up so the guests can use the machine, like at a fundraiser.
People need a debit card or credit card in order to use an ATM.
They will also need to have a Personal Identification Number (PIN), which is a code that lets them get into their account.
There are a number of scams with ATMs.
In one scam, con artists look over the victim's shoulder and find their PIN; this is known as shoulder surfing.
In another, they may install a video camera and get PIN numbers from that way.
They then make cards using the PIN number and account number to be able to use that person's account.
A quilt is a type of blanket made of three layers: a top piece of cloth, a layer of insulating material often called batting, and a bottom piece of cloth for backing.
The layers are joined together either by sewing or by tying the layers together with pieces of yarn, thread, or ribbon.
The top layer of the quilt can be made from many pieces of cloth sewn together in patterns, known as patchwork.
Other patterns can be made by running lines of stitching through the three layers.
Ribbons are mostly used for tying or decorating things.
Ribbons can be used to tie a person's hair, decorate clothing or uniforms, or to tie up packages.
A typewriter uses a cloth or plastic ribbon to hold the ink.
In the Christian Bible, the story of the creation of the world in the book of Genesis describes how Adam and Eve lived in Eden in peace with all of the animals.
They tended the garden and could eat from any tree except the Tree of Knowledge.
After they ate from the Tree of Knowledge, God punished Adam and Eve by making them leave the Garden of Eden forever.
The story is told in Book of Genesis 1-3 (in the old Testament of the Bible) and the Tanakh.
The Tanakh translates the Garden of Eden as Paradise.
Where the name Eden is from
In Sumerian, Eden is a name for the Steppe.
Heavenly Eden is also mentioned.
It refers to a place that appears to be fertile at first, but later changes to become infertile.
Climatologists have said this is a good description of the climate change that happened in The Levant after the last ice age.
The green steppe became dry.
This meant that food was no longer available all year round, but only at certain times.
This forced the people living at the time to start agriculture and to keep some of their food for the periods where there was none.
Scientists have referred to this change as the Neolithic Revolution.
This change of food is also mentioned in the story.
Babylonian mythology sees the main reason for the creation of man to grow food for the gods.
This is different in the Bible.
There, god created plants as food for humans, and animals to keep them company.
The beginning of the Book of Genesis has been seen as describing the state before a climate change in a certain region.
>Because of this change, humans were condemned to growing crops and keeping some food in stock, to be able to eat it, during the times it did not grow.
Genesis has been seen to only start when this region converted to agriculture (the Neolithic Revolution, mentioned above).
This means that Genesis roughly covers the time from about 8000 - 6000 BC to about 2000 BC.
Having to leave the Garden
Judaism teaches that sin cannot be passed on from the parents to their children.
There is a free will, everyone is responsible for their own sins only.
Humans can do bad things and good things.
God's commandments help them do good things.
What exactly makes up the Commandments of God is not written down, but needs to developed by tradition.
Sins are forgiven once a year during Yom Kippur.
Unlike Christianity, Judaism has no personified evil.
Christianity believes that sin can be passed on from the parents to their children.
This is known as original sin.
Without Jesus, humans must live in sin.
Augustine of Hippo formalized this belief, which is now a dogma in the Western Christian denominations (Catholicism and Protestantism).
Islam sees Adam and Eve being chased away as a chance for a new start.
Islam says the Christian concept of original sin is false.
This means that them being chased away does not change the relationship between men and God.
According to Islamic tradition, Adam and Eve were placed in different parts of the world.
They first had to wander around before they found each other.
The Wigmore Hall is a famous concert hall in London.
It is called a “recital hall” because it is designed for recitals: concerts given by one soloist, or sometimes a small group of musicians (chamber music).
It is in Wigmore Street in the centre of  London, just north of Oxford Street.
The Wigmore Hall was built in 1901 by the German firm Bechstein who made pianos.
Originally it was called Bechstein Hall.
Bechstein’s showrooms were next door.
The hall was built in a Renaissance style, with alabaster and marble walls and a rectangular hall with a small, raised stage.
Above the stage the ceiling is in the form of a cupola which has a painting which shows the Soul of Music looking up at the Genius of Harmony: a ball of eternal fire whose rays are reflected across the world.
These are separated by thorns from the rest of the picture which includes a musician and, on the other side, Psyche inspiring a composer to write music.
The "Bechstein Hall" opened on 31 May 1901 with a concert given by the virtuoso pianist and composer Ferruccio Busoni and violinist Eugène Ysaÿe.
During its early period many famous musicians played there, including Artur Schnabel, Pablo Sarasate, Percy Grainger, Myra Hess, Arthur Rubinstein and Camille Saint-Saëns.
Because it was owned by a German firm, the hall was seized as enemy property during World War I. The hall with over 130 pianos was sold at an auction to Debenhams for a very small amount of money, and was re-opened as Wigmore Hall in 1917.
Musicians who have performed there since include Sviatoslav Richter, Vladimir Ashkenazy, Elisabeth Schwarzkopf, Victoria de los Ángeles, Sergei Prokofiev, Shura Cherkassky, Paul Hindemith, Andrés Segovia, Julian Bream, Peter Pears, Benjamin Britten and Francis Poulenc.
Today the Wigmore Hall seats 540 people.
Many concerts are broadcast on BBC Radio 3.
Famous musicians perform there, as well as young musicians who are just starting their career.
The Wigmore Hall publishes on its own record label "Wigmore Hall live" recordings of concerts that were given by famous musicians.
The pianos in the Wigmore Hall today are made by Steinway.
The Wigmore Hall's director is John Gilhooly.
His future plans include having lots of music by living composers
Official Wigmore Hall Web Site
The Associated Board of the Royal Schools of Music or ABRSM is an organisation that arranges music examinations.
The organisation is based in London, but they arrange examinations in places all over the world.
Many people, especially children, who learn instruments take examinations of the ABRSM as it helps them to become better players because it gives them something to work for.
People of any age can take the exams.
Those who pass an exam get a certificate.
Over 620,000 candidates take the ABRSM examinations every year in over ninety countries.
The organisation is called  “Associated Board of the Royal Schools of Music” because it is organised by a group of four music conservatoires:
Royal Northern College of Music
Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama
Graded Exams
Exams can be taken on many different instruments.
In nearly each case there are eight grades, numbered from 1 to 8.
For example, someone who has learned the piano for a short while may take Grade 1 once he or she can play pieces such as a simple minuet, and play a few scales with separate hands.
By the time they take Grade 8 they will need to be able to play movements from sonatas by composers such as Beethoven, play all 24 scales in various ways very fluently and be good at sight-reading.
The marks are given out of 150.
The pass mark is hundred.
Below hundred marks is a “Fail”.
one hundred and twenty marks to one hundred and twenty nine is called a “Merit” and one hundred and thirty and above is a “Distinction”.
Although some students take each of the grades as they get better at their instrument, it is not necessary to have passed earlier grades in order to take a higher grade.
For grades 6 and above it is necessary to have passed Grade 5 Theory or Practical Musicianship or Jazz.
This is to make sure that students have a good knowledge of music.
The examiners are people who are professional musicians.
Many of them are music teachers.
They have a wide experience of music and they are trained by the ABRSM so that they all mark in the same way.
Practical Exams
These are by far the most commonly taken exams.
Available for over 35 instruments, these exams consist of 4 different sections:
Set Pieces.
The student will need to play three pieces which he or she will have practised and can play well.
There is a choice of pieces: students must choose one from each of three groups of pieces.
For some instruments a selection of these pieces are published together in a book.
The pieces will change every two years (or with some instruments every four years).
These will include scales, arpeggios and broken chords, depending on the grade and instrument.
Sight Reading.
The student is given a piece he has never seen before, and has 30 seconds to look at it or try it out, and then he must play it as well as he can.
Aural Tests.
The student must listen to examples played by the examiner and answer questions on them.
He may, for example, have to sing the notes the examiner played, or clap the rhythm or say what kind of chords were played (depending on the grade).
Each section has a certain number of marks and all the marks add up to 150.
100 is a pass, 120 a merit and 130 a distinction.
There is also a Prep Test for those who are not yet ready to take Grade 1 but would like to have the experience of taking an exam.
Students who take a Prep Test are not given a mark.
It is a way to encourage young people and make them relaxed about the idea of taking exams.
Theory Exams
These are written papers about musical theory.
They are marked out of 100: 66 or more is a pass; 80 or more is a merit; 90 or more is a distinction.
Practical Musicianship
Jazz Exams
These are the newest types of exams.
Jazz piano was first offered in 1999.
At the moment they are only available for flute, piano, clarinet, saxophone, trumpet and trombone.
They are also only available from Grades 1-5.
They are marked in the same way as practical exams.
However many of the pieces include large sections where they have to improvise (make something up) using particular chords.
Diplomas
Music Direction
Instrumental/Vocal Teaching
DipABRSM (Diploma of The Associated Board of the Royal Schools of Music)
LRSM (Licentiate of the Royal Schools of Music)
FRSM (Fellowship of the Royal Schools of Music)
Official ABRSM website
Punjab region, an area of South Asia spanning from eastern Pakistan to north-western India
Punjab (British India), a former province
Punjab Hill States agency, an administrative unit of British India
Patiala and East Punjab States Union, a former state of India
West Punjab, the part of the Punjab which became part of Pakistan
East Punjab, the part of the Punjab which became part of the Republic of India.
Punjab lasso, a weapon made of cat gut used to strangle people, mentioned in Gaston Leroux's novel The Phantom of the Opera
Punjab, a character in the musical Annie
Punjab (XMPP), an XMPP/Jabber server component for stateless applications and more
Punjab Assembly (disambiguation)
The House of Commons of Southern Ireland (1921-1922)
The House of Commons of Northern Ireland (1921-1971)
[[File:Hercules fighting the Centaurs.jpg|thumb|260px|Hercules fighting the Centaurs, engraving by Sebald Beham]]
Engraving is putting a design onto a hard, flat surface, by carving into it.
The result may be a decorative piece in itself, as when silver, gold or steel are engraved, or may provide a printing plate of copper or another metal, for printing images on paper which are also called engravings.
Engraving was an important method in history of making images on paper, both in artistic ways, such as making a decorative print, and also for printing books and magazines.
It has long been replaced by photography in its commercial uses and, is nowadays much less common in printmaking, where it has been almost completely replaced by etching and other techniques.
The engraving process
Engravers use a steel tool called a burin to cut the picture or pattern into the surface, mostly a copper plate.
Gravers come in a variety of shapes and sizes that give different line types when used.
The burin gives us a line that is unique because of its steady appearance and smooth edges.
The angle tint tool has a slightly curved tip that is commonly used in printmaking.
Florentine liners are flat-bottomed tools with multiple lines on them, used to do work on larger areas.
Flat gravers are used for doing work on letters, as well as most musical instrument engraving work.
Round gravers are commonly used on silver as well as other hard-to-cut metals such as nickel and steel.
In the European Middle Ages goldsmiths used engraving to decorate metal.
It is thought that they began to print impressions of their designs to record them.
From this grew the engraving of copper printing plates to make artistic images on paper in Germany in the 1430s.
The first and greatest period of engraving was from about 1470 to 1530, with such masters as Martin Schongauer, Albrecht Dürer, and Lucas van Leiden.
Thereafter engraving tended to lose popularity to etching, which was a much easier technique for an artist to learn.
By the nineteenth century, most engraving was for commercial picture-making.
Before the invention of photography, engraving was used to reproduce other forms of art, for example paintings.
Engravings continued to be common in newspapers and many books into the early 20th century, because they were cheap to use in printing.
When two sets of parallel line hatchings crossed each other for higher density, the pattern was known as cross-hatching.
Claude Mellan is well known for his technique of using lines of different thicknesses.
One example is his Sudarium of Saint Veronica, an engraving of the face of Jesus from a single spiralling line that starts at the tip Jesus's nose (pictured).
Modern engraving
Because of the high level of detail that can be done by a master engraver, faking engraved designs is almost impossible, and modern banknotes are almost always engraved, as are plates for printing money, checks, bonds and other papers that should not be faked.
Engraving is so fine that a normal printer can not make the detail of hand engraved images properly.
In the U.S. Bureau of Engraving and Printing, more than one engraver will work on the same printing plate, making it nearly impossible for any person to duplicate all the engraving on almost any banknote or document.
Engraving machines such as the K500 or K6 by Hell Gravure Systems use a diamond "pen" to cut cells.
Each cell creates one printing dot later in the process.
A K6 can have up to 18 engraving heads each cutting 8,000 cells per second to an accuracy of 0.1 µm and below.
They are of course fully computer controlled and the whole process of cylinder making is fully automatic.
Now, laser engraving machines are being made and even today the mechanical cutting has proven its strength in economical terms and quality.
More than 4,000 engravers make about 8 million printing cylinders worldwide per year.
Biblical references
The earliest allusion to engraving in the Bible may be the reference to Judah’s seal ring. (
Genesis 38:18), followed by (Exodus 39.30).
Engraving was commonly done with pointed tools of iron or even with diamond points. (
Jeremiah 17:1).
Each of the two onyx stones on the shoulder pieces of the high priest’s ephod was engraved with the names of six different tribes of Israel, and each of the 12 precious stones that adorned his breastpiece was engraved with the name of one of the tribes.
The holy sign of dedication, the shining gold plate on the high priest’s turban, was engraved with the words: “Holiness belongs to Jehovah.”
Bezalel, along with Oholiab, was qualified to do this specialized engraving work as well as to train others.—Ex 35:30-35; 28:9-12; 39:6-14, 30.
A. M. Hind (1923, repr.
History of Engraving and Etching.
A. Gross (1970).
Etching, Engraving, and Intaglio Printing.
G. Duplessis (1989).
Wonders of Engraving.''
Engraving from the Metropolitan Museum of Art Timeline of Art History
Links to thousands of museum online images of engravings from Bodkin Prints
Blog on Old Master Engravings and Etchings
Japanese traditional hand engravings on blades
8000+ gravures collection
Ronald "Ron" Dennis CBE (born 1 June 1947) is the executive chairman of McLaren Automotive and McLaren Group.
He was the team principal of the McLaren Formula One team until 2009.
He was placed at number 648 in the Sunday Times Rich List 2006 with a wealth of £90 million.
The Times put his wealth at £200 million in 2009.
Formula One people
People from Woking
Sabaragamuwa is a province in Sri Lanka.
It has two main districts: Ratnapura and Kegalle.
Ratnapra is famous for its gems.
Provinces of Sri Lanka
Solo (music), to play music or sing alone
Solo (dance), a dance done by an individual
Hope Solo (born 1981), American soccer (football) player
A skateboard is a board (called a "deck") with four wheels put on under it.
It is used to go skateboarding.
The first skateboards were a piece of wood with rollerskater attached to it.
This became popular and by 1960, skateboards were made in production.
As more skateboards were made, more people liked the new sport.
However, it was dangerous and people started to fall off.
As a result, skate parks started to close down.
With less places to skate, skateboarders had no where to go.
A small group of skateboarders carried on skateboarding in the street and around cities.
After 20 years, the sport began to grow into what we know now.
Skateboarding is a popular sport with many younger riders.
Young people sometimes skateboard on the street.
There are many different types of skateboards like stunt skateboards, penny skateboards, Longboards, short boards and more.
But digging in further, there are so many differences.
There are soft skateboard wheels which are better for going fast and rolling over small debris and rocks, and hard wheels that are usually used by the pros and most skaters at the skatepark.
Most decks are made with six to nine-plywood layers.
Other materials used in making decks fiberglass, bamboo, resin, Kevlar, carbon fiber, aluminum, and plastic.
All these make the board more light.
Some decks made from maple plywood are dyed to make many different colored plywood.
Modern decks are different in size.
Most are 7 to 10.5 inches wide.
Wider decks can be used for greater stability when transition or ramp skating.
Skateboard decks are normally between 28 and 33 inches long.
The bottom of the deck can be printed with a design by the maker or it can be blank.
And there are so many different skateboard deck brands to choose from.
The longboard, a common different kind of skateboard, has a longer deck.
This is mostly ridden down hills or by the beach.
The longboard was made by two surfers; Ben Whatson and Jonny Drapper.
One of the first deck companies was called "Drapped" taken from Jonny's second name. "
Old school" boards (those made in the 1970s–80s) are mostly wider and often have only one kicktail.
Different kinds of the 1970s often have little or no concavity, whereas 1980s models have deeper concavities and steeper kicktails.
The Skateboard deck concave is noted mainly in three types: low, medium, and high.
While the low concave is having small curvature and makes the safe ride, but you can’t put more stress on the edges deck.
Medium concave will easily found in the present market due to the high demand for a beginner.
High concave is raised more at the edge, making it perfect for performing Flip tricks and Ollie.
Medium concave is readily available in the market because it suits beginners, which keeps it always in demand.
Grip tape, when put on to the top of a skateboard, gives a skater's feet grip on the deck.
It is most often black.
However, it can come in many different colors like clear.
Clear allows the top of the deck to be decorated.
It has an adhesive back and a sandpaper like top.
Interstate 95 (usually called 95) is a major Interstate highway  that runs north to south in the eastern part of the United States.
Its southern end is at U.S. Route 1 in Miami, Florida and its northern end is at the Canadian border in Maine.
It connects many major cities in the eastern half of the USA.
It was completed in 2018.
Portions of the highway have or used to have tolls.
Many parts of I-95 were made up of various toll roads that had already been constructed or planned, particularly in the northeast.
Many of these routes still exist today, but some have removed their tolls.
Many notable bridges and tunnels along I-95 were also tolled.
The Fuller Warren Bridge, spanning the St. Johns River in Jacksonville, Florida, was tolled until the 1980s and was replaced in 2002.
The Fort McHenry Tunnel is underneath the harbor of Baltimore, Maryland and was opened in 1985.
The George Washington Bridge, opened in 1931, carries I-95, US 1, US 9, and US 46 (latter is officially considered to end at the NY state line) across the Hudson River between New Jersey and Upper Manhattan.
Federal legislation has identified I-95 through Connecticut as High Priority Corridor 65.
A long-term multibillion-dollar program to upgrade the entire length of I-95 through Connecticut has been underway since the mid-1990s and is expected to continue through at least 2020.
Several miles of I-95 through Bridgeport were recently widened and brought up to Interstate standards.
Work has shifted to reconstructing and widening  of I-95 through New Haven, which includes replacing the Pearl Harbor Memorial Bridge.
Environmental studies for reconstructing and widening  of I-95 from New Haven to the Rhode Island state line are also progressing.
There are plans to expand the  I-95 corridor from Petersburg, Virginia, to Florida through a U.S. multi-state agreement to study how to improve the corridor through widening and reconstruction, with the goal of reducing congestion and improving overall safety for years to come.
Florida continues to complete widening projects.
As of December 2010, I-95 from the South Carolina–Georgia line south to Jacksonville, Florida has been upgraded to six lanes.
The section from Jacksonville to the I-4 junction in Daytona Beach was expanded to six lanes in 2005.
As of 2009, widening projects continue in Brevard County from the SR 528 junction in Cocoa to Palm Bay, as well as in northern Palm Beach County.
In 2009, state legislators representing Maine's Aroostook County proposed using federal economic stimulus funds to extend I-95 north to Maine's northernmost border community of Fort Kent via Caribou and Presque Isle.
The proposed route would parallel New Brunswick's four-lane, limited access Trans-Canada Highway on the U.S. side of the Canada–United States border.
Legislators argued that extension of the Interstate would promote economic growth in the region.
in Miami
in Golden Glades
in Daytona Beach
in Jacksonville
in Pooler
near Harleyville
near Lumberton
in Benson
in Petersburg
for  in Richmond
in Philadelphia
in Mansfield Township
in Woodbridge Township
in Newark
in Teaneck
in Bronx
in Rye
in Bridgeport
in New Haven
in Canton
in Weston
in Woburn
in Portsmouth
Cities along the highway
U.S. Route 1 (sometimes called US 1) is a major United States highway (U.S. Route) in the eastern part of the United States.
Its northern end is at the Canadian border in Fort Kent, Maine and its southern end is at Key West, Florida.
For most of its route, U.S. Route 1 runs next to Interstate 95.
It connects many major cities in the Eastern United States, including Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Washington, DC, Richmond, Virginia, Raleigh, North Carolina, Augusta, Georgia, Jacksonville, Florida, and Miami.
Parts of the road were built in the 1800s as the Boston Post Road and in the 1900s as the Atlantic Highway.
Despite this, it is significantly further inland from Jacksonville to Petersburg, VA and in North Carolina and Virginia even parallels I-85.
Let It Be was a 1970 album and movie, by rock band The Beatles.
It was the last Beatles project finished before the band broke up.
After the "White Album" (The Beatles) was released in late 1968, the Beatles talked about making a television special, where they would play songs from the album for an audience.
It would be the band's first live public performance since 1966.
As 1969 began, the band decided instead to begin work on a new set of songs, and film the process of rehearsing and recording all the songs, then performing them live.
The project was titled Get Back, and a song by that name was worked up during rehearsals.
The band agreed to perform all the songs without studio  or , as they had long used.
First week: Twickenham Film Studios
The Beatles rented a  at Twickenham Film Studios, where their instruments and equipment were set up.
They were used to working from afternoons until late at night on music, but had to arrive between eight and ten o'clock in the morning, to meet the filming schedule.
The band did not use this setup for long.
The early hours and the cold, huge soundstage made them uncomfortable.
There was also  between the Beatles, and it showed.
The Beatles could not agree on where to perform the show, and for how large an audience.
The suggested locations ranged from Los Angeles, California to Tunisia, and the size of the audience from a few dozen to thousands of people.
Nobody had a location in mind that the rest liked, and George Harrison decided he did not want to perform a public concert at all.
Paul McCartney took charge of the rehearsals, and drove the band hard to play his new songs just the way he imagined them.
The other Beatles became tired of this, because it did not give them much chance to , the way they were used to doing.
George Harrison got especially tired of McCartney telling him what to play, and his own songs not getting the attention they deserved.
John Lennon also had new songs, but was more interested in spending time with Yoko Ono than in making another Beatles record.
He was also  of Harrison's new songs.
Yoko Ono gave her opinions on the band's music, which they were not used to hearing from anyone but their producer, George Martin.
McCartney and Harrison  Ono's being at Lennon's side constantly.
Ringo Starr tried to play the peacemaker, but did not always succeed.
Harrison walked out during one lunch break, saying he had had enough.
The band stopped work on the production, and decided to find a new location to work.
The next weeks: Apple Studio
Harrison went to a Beatles business meeting, a few days after he left the rehearsal.
McCartney agreed to mend his ways, and let Harrison have more input.
Lennon and Harrison also made up.
The idea of finishing Get Back with a public show was dropped.
Nobody wanted to return to the movie studio, and they began to look for another place to work on their new songs.
"Magic Alex", a Greek-born inventor, had been hired by the Beatles to build them a new recording studio, in the basement of the  which was the home of their company, Apple Corps.
Alex spent a great deal of money over many months, trying to make a first-rate facility.
He did not understand recording or studio technology well, though, and the studio he made had many technical problems.
The Beatles only found this out when they tried to use the place to record.
Things did not work, and this added to the tension felt by the band, and the people who worked for them.
George Martin was able to help the Beatles, by working around the problems in the basement studio.
He borrowed recording equipment so the band could finish their project.
The movie cameras were also set up in the basement, and the Beatles went back to work on their music.
This time things were as crowded as the first location was cavernous, and again the band and their crew were uncomfortable.
The Beatles usually "warmed up" by playing old songs they had learned growing up.
Many of these were captured on camera or tape during the sessions.
Not all the songs were complete, or true to their original versions.
When the band went from playing old songs to trying out new ones, problems came up.
Lennon, McCartney, and Harrison each wanted certain things for their music, and enough time to make the records the best they could be.
This did not always work out, and they sometimes insulted each other for trying to outdo the others, or for letting their musical influences show.
It made the sessions unpleasant.
George Harrison helped the  of the band, when he brought a guest musician, Billy Preston, to the sessions.
All of the Beatles liked Preston, and got along while he was there.
He played keyboards along with the band, and gave the records a fuller sound.
McCartney's girlfriend Linda brought her daughter Heather to the studio, and they helped cheer things up.
Linda sang background vocals on "Let It Be", a gospel-like song by McCartney.
The question of where and when to finally perform the new songs was settled, when the Beatles decided to give a show on the roof of Apple headquarters.
This happened on January 30, 1969, early in the afternoon.
The Beatles performed for the movie cameras, and for anyone who could hear them outside.
As it happened, the music coming from the rooftop caused a traffic jam along Savile Row, where the building was located.
Local police came to Apple, and tried to stop the show.
Mal Evans, one of the Beatles's most trusted helpers, went downstairs and talked to the police, to stall them until the band could finish playing.
After performing "Get Back", "Don't Let Me Down", "I've Got A Feeling", "One After 909", "Dig A Pony", and another version of "Get Back", the band went inside.
The next day, the Beatles gave another show, back in the Apple basement.
This show was for the cameras, though, and not a live audience.
They performed "Two of Us", "Don't Let Me Down", "Let it Be", "Get Back", and "The Long and Winding Road".
Some of these songs were too hard to record outdoors, with their keyboard parts.
The movie crew shot more than a hundred hours of movie footage, which was more than enough to make a television special.
The Beatles worked a little longer on the recordings of the Get Back songs, ending up with over twenty-nine hours of session tapes.
The problem was, nobody was happy with the music that had come from the sessions.
The band members had argued and disagreed on camera, and did not always make their best efforts on each other's songs, or to get along.
This was plain to anyone who saw the footage, or listened to the dialogue between songs.
George Martin tried to remix the recordings, and make an album from the songs, while the Beatles' movie personnel tried to edit the movie footage into the TV special the band wanted.
The band's problems were only magnified by the results, and they blamed each other, and the people who worked for them, for what showed.
The Beatles decided to abandon the project, and work on other things.
Only one single was released from the sessions, with the songs "Get Back" and "Don't Let Me Down".
Billy Preston's name appeared underneath the band's, and stories started that Preston might join the Beatles.
He never did, but he signed a recording contract with Apple Records, their record label.
The other songs stayed "in the can".
The Get Back project became another problem that was dividing the Beatles.
There was also trouble with Apple Corps, and personal issues between the band members.
They had begun to make music apart the year before, and this increased as they stopped getting along as people.
McCartney and Lennon both married their girlfriends, and lost control of their publishing company, Northern Songs.
George Harrison began to play with musicians outside the Beatles.
Ringo Starr started a new career as an actor in movies.
The Beatles issued a new single, with the songs "The Ballad of John and Yoko" and "Old Brown Shoe".
John and Paul played on the first song, and George and Ringo on the second.
They had stopped working as a unit, and George Martin stopped coming to recording sessions, which he had never done before.
During the summer of 1969, the Beatles felt sorry for the way the Get Back sessions had gone.
They wanted to forget that time, and make another new album of songs, back at Abbey Road Studios.
George Martin decided to come back, on the band's promise that they really would work together "like the old days", with Martin taking charge.
The band kept their promise.
Abbey Road was the result, and was issued in the early fall.
As the record was being released, the Beatles met to discuss future projects.
John Lennon, freshly back from his first non-Beatles concert, playing in Toronto, surprised everyone by announcing that he was quitting the band.
He agreed to not make a public announcement, because this would have hurt the band's chance to  their recording contract.
Lennon instead focused on his and Yoko Ono's new group, the Plastic Ono Band.
Let it Be
At the end of the year, Apple's accountants told the Beatles that they would have to release some kind of album and program from the Get Back sessions.
They had spent too much money on the project to just forget about it.
Glyn Johns, a young music producer, tried to assemble an album from the session tapes, but he also could not please the Beatles.
Anxious fans and insiders worked together and released a  album from Johns's mix.
Even though it was an  album, it sold many copies and received radio airplay.
The public wanted to hear the songs, good or bad.
Phil Spector, a legendary producer who predated the Beatles, had always wanted to work with them.
Allen Klein brought Spector to England early in 1970 to meet them.
John Lennon and George Harrison got along well with Spector, who produced a record of Lennon's song "Instant Karma!"
the same day he wrote it.
Lennon and Harrison gave their OK for Spector to work on the recordings, and Ringo Starr played along with the musicians Spector hired, to make overdubs.
This went against the original plan to present the songs live, but was accepted to "sweeten" – and finish – the recordings.
An eighty-minute program was edited together from the movie footage, and the band decided it would make a better movie than a television show.
The Beatles had a contract with United Artists, who agreed to distribute the movie, which was titled Let it Be. (
The Get Back title was dropped, since "Get Back" had already appeared as a single almost a year earlier.)
Some of the new songs that appeared in the movie, including "Across the Universe" and "I Me Mine", were not finished on record.
A session was scheduled in January 1970 to record full versions of some songs, but John Lennon refused to attend.
George Harrison made a joke about this, during a take of "I Me Mine", referring to Lennon as "Dave Dee", another British musician.
Spector applied his "Wall of Sound" style to the Beatles recordings, including an old tape of "Across the Universe", so it could appear on record.
His finished album was listenable, and showed none of the troubles that affected the band during the sessions, but it did not sound the same as other Beatles albums.
Paul McCartney hated the changes Spector made to his songs on the album, especially "The Long and Winding Road", but he could not stop the album from being issued.
Another problem was the timing of the record's release.
Allen Klein had succeeded in remaking the Beatles's recording deal, and McCartney was not bound by the same promise Lennon had been, to not say he was leaving the band.
His first solo album, finished early in 1970, included a press release stating that he had no further plans to work with the Beatles.
This effectively broke up the band.
He also wanted the album released ahead of Let it Be.
Ringo Starr, who also had a solo record (Sentimental Journey), due to appear, was sent to ask McCartney to change his release date.
The two argued, and McCartney threw Starr out of his house.
The release schedule was changed, so McCartney could have his wish.
Starr's album appeared earlier than planned, and Let it Be was pushed back from April to May.
Let it Be was both a hit movie and a hit album, and won a Grammy Award for Best Soundtrack.
Paul McCartney accepted the award.
The news that the Beatles were breaking up was very sad to their fans, however, and the knowledge made watching the movie a  experience.
Many fans and critics did not like Spector's changes to the Beatles style on record, and said so publicly.
A souvenir book was also issued, but instead of being a real document of the sessions, the book was  and heavily edited, and reflected little of what was intended.
It never appeared in the United States.
Late in 1970, John Lennon issued a solo album, John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band, which made his feelings plain in its last song, "God": Lennon sang "I don't believe in Beatles."
He gave a long interview to Rolling Stone magazine, which was later published as a book, Lennon Remembers.
He told his side of the Let it Be story, declared "That movie was set up by Paul, for Paul", and said he regretted not announcing that he quit the Beatles first.
When home video came along in the 1970s, Let it Be became a popular rental and sales title.
Over time, the Beatles asserted their copyright control over the movie, and copies were withdrawn.
The movie has been planned as a reissue many times, but has yet to be officially released on DVD.
In 2003, recording engineers went back to the old session tapes, and used  to make a new version of the familiar Let it Be songs.
The new version was close to what the Beatles had wanted to make in the first place, and had none of Spector's post-production work.
The album was issued as Let it Be... Naked, and was praised as a "real"-sounding recording.
Songs in the album
Recording data and notes
The Lost Beatle Tapes / The Making of Let It Be
'Let it be' entry on BootlegZone
The song Let It Be on the piano
1970 albums
1970 movies
Movies directed by Michael Lindsay-Hogg
Eldrick Tont "Tiger" Woods (born December 30, 1975) is an American professional golfer.
His achievements, which include winning 70 tournaments on the PGA Tour, including 14 major championships, make him one of the best golfers in the world.
Woods was born in Cypress, California.
His parents Kultida (Tida) (born 1944) and Earl Woods (1932–2006).
He is the only child of their marriage.
He does have two half-brothers, Earl Jr. (born 1955) and Kevin (born 1957) and a half-sister, Royce (born 1958) from the 18-year marriage of Earl Woods and his first wife, Barbara Woods Gray.
Earl, a retired lieutenant colonel and Vietnam War veteran, was of mostly African-American, as well as Caucasian and possible Native American and Chinese ancestry.
Kultida (née Punsawad), originally from Thailand (where Earl had met her on a tour of duty in 1968), is of mixed Dutch, Chinese and Thai ancestry.
He refers to his ethnic make-up as "Cablinasian" (a syllabic abbreviation he coined from Caucasian, Black, American Indian and Asian).
On February 23, 2021, Woods was involved in a serious car accident in Rancho Palos Verdes, California.
He suffered from multiple leg injuries and had surgery for non-life threatening injuries.
African-American golfers
People from Orange County, California
The House of Commons (French: Chambre des communes) is the lower house of the Parliament of Canada.
The House of Commons is an elected body, of 338 members, who are known as Members of Parliament (MPs).
Members are elected for a maximum of four years at a time.
Each member is elected by one of the country's federal electoral districts which are usually called ridings.
The House of Commons was established in 1867, when the British North America Act 1867  created the Dominion of Canada, and was modelled on the British House of Commons.
The House of Commons is sometimes called the "lower house", even though it has more power than the "upper house", the Senate.
Both Houses is must agree to new laws but the Senate very rarely rejects bills passed by the Commons (though the Senate does occasionally amend bills).
The Government of Canada is responsible only to the House of Commons.
The Prime Minister stays in office only as long as he or she has the support of the Lower House.