the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
Slashing is an illegal hockey or lacrosse play.
A referee calls slashing when a  player swings their hockey stick at an opposing player.
Slashing is called whether or not the player is hit with the stick.
It can also be called if a player breaks an opposing player's stick with their own.
The penalty can be small or large.
It often depends on how badly the opposing player is injured.
fr:Cinglage (hockey sur glace)
Pierre Clermont (March 19, 1941 – December 2, 2020) was a Canadian professional wrestler.
He was better known by the ring name Pat Patterson.
He worked as a creative consultant for the WWE.
His career highlights were 2 matches against Sgt.
Slaughter at Madison Square Garden in 1981.
The rematch was called an "Alley Fight" (with no referee) and remains the wildest and one of the greatest matches in wrestling history.
Patterson was the very first man to hold the Intercontinental Heavyweight Championship.
Patterson was inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame in 1996.
Patterson invented the WWE Royal Rumble, which is one of the most popular type of matches and is a hit with fans every year since the first one in 1988.
Patterson died of cancer at a Miami, Florida hospital on December 2, 2020.
Peer support is when a peer who has had the same experience helps another person by teaching them and listening to them.
For a person with a disability, peer support is when a disabled person helps another person with the same kind of disability learn about independence and equal rights and how to take part in society.
Peer support can help any kind of person who has any kind of problem.
Some people can become peer mentors to help younger people.
Sulphur-crested cockatoos are large white parrots with yellow heads and tails.
There are four subspecies of the bird.
They live in Australian forests.
Farmers do not like sulphur-crested cockatoos because the cockatoos eat vegetables that the farmers have grown.
They are a protected species, but sometimes get shot.
Many people like sulphur-crested cockatoos and keep them as pets.
They are very loud and have a natural desire to chew wood and other  materials.
They are very long-lived.
In captivity they can live to 70 years.
One cockatoo called Fred was still alive at 100 years of age in 2014.
Salty liquorice, or Salmiak, is a salt candy that is eaten in Finland, Sweden and the Netherlands.
The candy comes in different strengths; in the Netherlands, it comes as Zout (Salted), Dubbel zout (Double Salt or DZ) and Drievoudig zout (Triple salt, or 3Z).
The substance used to give salt liquorice its characteristic taste is not regular table salt, Sodium Chloride (Na2Cl), but Ammonium Chloride (NH4Cl).
The Dutch name for this type of Liquorice, Salmiak, comes from the words "Sal Ammoniac", another name for Ammonium Chloride.
Gotland is an island on the east coast of Sweden.
It has a total area of 2,994 square km.
It is also the biggest Swedish island.
Visby is the biggest city on Gotland.
Islands of Sweden
Almunge is a small city near Uppsala in Sweden.
There were 813 people living here in 2010.
Roger Sherman (April 19, 1721 – July 23, 1793) was an American politician.
He was from Connecticut.
He is the only person to have signed the Articles of Association, the Declaration of Independence, the Articles of Confederation and the United States Constitution: the four great documents of the starting of the United States.
He served in the Continental Congress for several years.
Along with Thomas Jefferson, Ben Franklin, John Adams and Robert Livingstone, he was one of the people who helped write the Declaration of Independence.
Sherman created the Great (Connecticut) Compromise at the Constitutional Convention.
After the Constitution was passed, he was a Congressman and Senator from Connecticut.
He also proposed a two-house legislature.
Roger Sherman started out as a poor boy in Connecticut.
His first career was shoe-making.
United States representatives from Connecticut
United States senators from Connecticut
The Hebrews (Hebrew: עברים or עבריים) is an ancient Semitic people of Middle East.
They are ancestors of Israelites, son of Isaac and Arabs son of Ishmael and descend from Shem, son of Noah and cousin as the descendants of Japheth and the descendants of Ham.
They escape from Ancient Egypt is recounted in Torah in book called Exodus in English, or  שמות in Hebrew.
Semitic people
Hebrews.
Britannica Student Library.
Encyclopædia Britannica Ultimate Reference Suite.
Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, 2010.
Semitic peoples
The Roundheads were a group of people who supported Parliament & Oliver Cromwell during the English Civil War.
They were also called 'Parliamentarians'.
They fought against Charles I and the Cavaliers otherwise known as 'Royalists'.
The Parliamentary army put their soldiers in red coats.
The British army continued using red in later centuries.
Some Puritans, but by no means all, wore their hair closely cropped round the head or flat and there was an obvious contrast between them and the men of fashion, who wore long ringlets. "
Roundheads" appears to have been first used as a term of derision toward the end of 1641, when the debates in Parliament in the Clergy Act 1640 were causing riots at Westminster.
According to John Rushworth the word was first used on 27 December 1641 by a disbanded officer named David Hide, who during a riot is reported to have drawn his sword and said he would "cut the throat of those round-headed dogs that bawled against bishops".
A few decades later “Whigs” was the word for men of similar opinions.
Cavaliers was a nickname for the people who fought for King Charles I of England during the English Civil War.
They fought against the Roundheads and Parliament.
At first the name applied only to the royalist cavalry; the words are similar because they were originally the same word.
Mall of America (also MOA, MoA, the Megamall) is a large shopping mall in the Twin Cities suburb of Bloomington, Minnesota, USA.
The mall is southeast of the junction of Interstate 494 and Minnesota State Highway 77, north of the Minnesota River and is across the interstate from the Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport.
In the United States, it is the second-largest inside mall in terms of retail space but is largest in terms of total enclosed floor area.
Opened in 1992, the mall received 40 million visitors in 2006.
Triple Five Group, owned by the Ghermezian family of Canada, fully owns and manages the property, and has also owned West Edmonton Mall in Canada.
Mall of America (founded by John Scott & Benjamin Clark) has a gross area of 4.2 million square feet (390,000 m²), with 2.5 million sq ft. (
230,000 m²) available as retail space.
The mall is a nearly symmetric building, with a roughly rectangular floor plan.
Over 520 stores are arranged along three levels of pedestrian walkways on the sides of the rectangle, with a fourth level on the East side.
An addition planned north of the mall will allow for up to 900 stores.
Four "anchor" department stores are at the corners.
The Mall is organized into four different zones, each with its own decorative style.
Despite Minnesota's often cold temperatures in the winter, only the mall's entrances are heated.
Heat is allowed in through skylights above Nickelodeon Universe.
Heat is produced by lighting fixtures, other electric devices and also by employees and guests of the mall in sufficient amounts to keep it comfortable.
In fact, even during the winter, air conditioning systems need to be run nonstop during peak hours to ensure a comfortable shopping environment.
Two nearly identical seven story parking ramps on east and west sides provide 12,550 parking spaces.
Parking lots on the north and south of the building, along with nearby overflow parking, bring the total number of spaces up to approximately 20,000.
The mall was designed and built by Triple Five Group, owned by the Ghermezian brothers of Canada, who also own the biggest shopping mall in North America, the West Edmonton Mall.
Mall of America is on the past site of Metropolitan Stadium, where the Minnesota Vikings and Minnesota Twins played until the Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome opened.
The teams left Metropolitan Stadium in 1982.
A plaque in the amusement park is where home plate used to be in that stadium.
One seat from Met Stadium was placed in Mall of America at its exact location (including elevation) in the stadium, to recognize a 520 foot home run hit by hall-of-famer Harmon Killebrew on June 3, 1967.
In 1986, The Bloomington Port Authority signed an agreement with the Ghermezian Organization.
Groundbreaking for the mall took place on June 14, 1989.
Organizations involved include Melvin Simon and Associates, Teachers Insurance and Annuity (a.k.a.
TIAA), the Triple Five Group, and the office of architect Jon Jerde.
The mall opened its doors to the public August 11, 1992.
Even before opening, Mall of America had earned several nicknames, including "The Megamall" (or "The Megamess" during construction), "Sprawl of America", "Hugedale" (in reference to the four major "Dale" shopping malls within the Twin Cities, Rosedale, Southdale, Ridgedale and Brookdale) and, simply, "The Mall".
It became the second largest shopping mall in total area and largest in total store vendors in the United States when it opened, however, the mall has never been the largest in the world (the West Edmonton Mall, opened in 1991, is larger).
Mall of America is the most visited shopping mall in the world with more than 40 million visitors annually (or roughly eight times the population of the state of Minnesota).
The mall employs over 12,000 workers.
Starting on September 4, 1995, The Mall had an event for live television for the first time.
Time-Warner owned professional wrestling company World Championship Wrestling set up in the building for the Inaugural edition of WCW Monday Nitro - also the WCW debut of Lex Luger, under his "The Narcissist" gimmick.
This first broadcast on Turner Network Television, along with later editions broadcast from the Mall, would become a well known part of the federation's competition with The World Wrestling Federation.
During its run as a large entertainment and retail venue, certain aspects-such as-have been criticized and closely looked at.
A Mardi Gras themed bar, Fat Tuesdays, shut its doors in early 2000 due to indecent exposure and alcohol related offenses, for ignoring warnings from the mall and Bloomington police to not repeat incidents caught on tape the year before.
Following that incident were other problems, such as foot traffic within the Mall after the bars (all on the fourth floor) had closed for the evening.
The Mall storefronts were closed, however.
The Hooters restaurant, the Cantina #1 restaurant and the Theatres at Mall of America movie theater are the only establishments remaining on the fourth floor.
In 2003, after a six year legal battle between Simon Property Group, the managing general partner of the property, and the Ghermezian brothers/Triple Five Group, over majority ownership of the site, a federal appeals judge ruled in favor of the Ghermezians, effectively transferring control and planning authority of the mall back to its original founders.
The dispute stemmed from a 1999 purchase of Teacher's Insurance's 27.5% equity stake by Simon Properties, giving them majority ownership.
The Ghermezians claimed they were never told of the deal and sued Simon, citing fiduciary responsibility.
On November 3, 2006, the Ghermezians gained full control of Mall of America, spending US$1 billion to do so.
The ruling cleared the way for Triple Five to begin work on what is being called "Phase II".
Phase II expansion
Phase II is the planned expansion for MOA, developing a large, empty area of land north of the mall which was the former home of the Met Center indoor arena and integrating an IKEA store built on a portion of the property in 2004.
Phase II, in current form, includes a dinner theatre, ice rink, three hotels, and a waterpark; similar in design to the West Edmonton Mall.
The expansion will not make MOA exceed the size of the WEM (itself going under expansion).
MOA currently estimates costs of $1.9 billion for the expansion, doubling the mall's size with a 5.2 million-square-foot extension.
The mall's developers have asked for $234 million in state and local subsidies, but the request was vetoed as part of a larger bill by Gov. Tim Pawlenty on its first appearance in the 2006-07 session.
In the meantime, MOA has signed papers to bring in Great Wolf Resorts as the waterpark operator, as well as Bass Pro Shops and a Kimpton Hotel.
The expansion section will connect to the mall on all four levels, and an adjacent IKEA store via a second level bridge.
There will be an NHL-sized ice rink for public & private skating.
There will also be an additional parking ramp, adding 8,000 parking spaces.
There will also be fine art exhibits planned in the expansion, and two upscale department stores.
Another plan that was in the works would have been fashions, architecture, and restaurants based after Europe.
Nickelodeon Universe
Nickelodeon Universe is an indoor theme park in the center of the mall, formerly known as Knott's Camp Snoopy, Camp Snoopy, and The Park at MOA.
The park features roller coasters, among numerous other rides and attractions, and is the largest indoor theme park in the United States.
Unlike many indoor amusement parks, Nickelodeon Universe has a great deal of natural foliage in and about the park, and its floor has a wide variance in height - the highest ground level in the park is 15 feet above the lowest.
This allows for a far more naturalistic experience than would normally occur in an indoor amusement park.
The park features two new roller coasters; SpongeBob SquarePants Rock Bottom Plunge and Avatar Airbender.
It also has a miniature golfing section called Moose Mountain.
With 18 holes, it is designed to create a challenge for players hoping to seek a hole in one.
Underwater Adventures Aquarium
Guests travel through a 300 foot long curved tunnel through 14 feet of water to view over 4,500 sea creatures including sharks, turtles, stingrays, and many more.
Underwater Adventures offers special events such as sleepovers, scuba diving, snorkeling, and birthday parties.
Other notable attractions
A.C.E.S. flight simulations
14-screen movie theater (formerly operated by General Cinema and AMC Theaters, now operated by MOA itself as the "Theatres at Mall of America")
Lego Imagination Center
Bodies... The Exhibition
Nostalgic artifacts or memorials
The exact seat to which Harmon Killebrew hit his longest home run at Metropolitan Stadium
The home plate plaque in Nickelodeon Universe denoting the exact spot of home plate at Metropolitan Stadium
United Airlines Flight 93 memorial, for those who died aboard during the September 11, 2001 attacks—the bust of Tom Burnett is on the west side of the first floor, next to the fountain in front of Nordstrom.
Race for the Cure, held at Mall of America on Mother's Day.
Bloomingdale's CLOSED
Sears CLOSED
Junior anchors
DSW Shoe Warehouse
Marshall's
Bloomingdale's (210,000 sq.
ft. /
19,506.6 m²) CLOSED
Nickelodeon Universe (292,000 sq.
27,127.7 m²)
Macy's (280,000 sq.
26,012.9 m²)
Nordstrom (220,000 sq.
20,438.7 m²)
Sears (177,904 sq.
16,527.8 m²)
Underwater Adventures Aquarium (43,886 sq.
4,077.1 m²)
Abercrombie & Fitch Flagship (25,908.7m)
The mall is used as a major transportation hub in the region, with bus and light rail service linking the mall to other destinations.
Regular public transit service is provided by Metro Transit and other area bus lines, and nearby Mystic Lake Casino offers free shuttles to their establishment.
The primary bus/rail station for scheduled local service is in the lower level of the eastern parking ramp.
There, the Hiawatha Line light rail line connects the mall to the Minneapolis-Saint Paul International Airport and from there to downtown Minneapolis (another major shopping destination in the region, particularly during weekdays).
The mall is being discouraged as a park and ride facility, and overnight parking is banned to prevent passengers taking the train to the airport.
Commuters are encouraged to use the nearby 28th Avenue Station's parking lot.
The mall is the first stop on the Cedar Avenue Bus Rapid Transitway and the nineteenth, final stop on the Hiawatha Line.
Mall of America is Your Place to Be (August 11, 1992-1993)
It's Your Place to Be! (
1993-1994)
America's #1 Mall (1994-1995)
The Best Mall in America (1995-1996)
America, You're the One! (
1996-1997)
The Spirit of America (1997-1998)
Be There or Be Square! (
1998-1999)
America's Lovin' It! (
1999-2001)
The Mall That Remembers America (2001; used after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001)
The New Home of Nickelodeon Universe (2008; used to celebrate the opening of Nickelodeon Universe)
America Loves MOA (2010)
Always New (2013-Present)
Amusement park and other Mall features
Labelscar summary
Metro Transit: Mall of America Station
City Pages staff writer Matt Snyders spends one week in the Mall of America
Buildings and structures in Minnesota
1990s establishments in Minnesota
Fairbanks North Star Borough, Alaska, a borough (equivalent to a county) in Alaska
Fairbanks, California, unincorporated community in El Dorado County
Fairbanks, Mendocino County, California, former settlement
Fairbanks Ranch, California, census designated place
Fairbanks, Alachua County, Florida
Fairbanks, Moultrie County, Illinois
Fairbanks, Indiana, unincorporated community
Fairbanks, Maine, town
Fairbanks House, Massachusetts, built in 1637, is the oldest wood-frame house in the U.S.
Fairbanks, Minnesota, unincorporated community
Fairbanks, Chaves County, New Mexico
Fairbanks, Oregon, populated place in Wasco County
Fairbanks, Houston, Texas
Fairbanks, Whitman County, Washington
Fairbanks, Wisconsin, town
Fairbanks, Louisiana, unincorporated community
Fairbanks (MBTA station), Brookline, Massachusetts
Fairbanks disease, a genetic disorder affecting bone growth, also known as multiple epiphyseal dysplasia
Charles W. Fairbanks, former American Vice-President
Petronas is a Malaysian-owned oil and gas company that was founded on August 17, 1974.
Petronas is owned by the Malaysia government.
It is in charge of all of the oil and gas resources in Malaysia.
20th-century establishments in Malaysia
During the American Civil War, the Union meant the federal government of the United States, which was supported by the twenty free states and five border states.
It was opposed by 11 Southern slave states.
The Union states included the Western states of California, Oregon, and (after 1864) Nevada.
They also included states then called the "Old Northwest" and now usually thought to be part of the Midwest.
However, the Union has been also often called "the North", both then and now.
The Union states were mostly richer and more industrialized.
Painful sexual act is a medical problem where a person feels pain in their genitals before, during, or after a sexual act.
Doctors call this problem dyspareunia.
It can have physical or emotional causes.
Both men and women can have dyspareunia.
Up to one-fifth of women (one in every five) may have dyspareunia at some point in their lives.
Symptoms in women
When a woman experiences a painful sexual act, the pain may distract her from feeling pleasure and excitement.
Her vagina will be less lubricated (wet) and will not expand (dilate) as much as usual.
When the vagina is dry and undilated, thrusting of the penis is painful.
Even after the original cause of her pain has disappeared, a woman may feel pain simply because she expects pain.
Causes in women
In most cases, painful sexual acts have a physical cause at first.
There are many physical problems that can cause or worsen painful sexual act.
A doctor may be able to identify the cause by doing a careful physical examination and medical history.
Some of the most common physical causes are infections of the vagina, urinary tract, cervix, or fallopian tubes; endometriosis; scar tissue left by surgery (like an episiotomy); and ovarian cysts and tumors.
Common infections are mycoses (infections caused by a fungus), candidiasis, chlamydia, trichomoniasis, urinary tract infections, coliform bacteria, monilial organisms and herpes).
Painful sexual act can also be caused by problems with a woman's anatomy, like hymenal remnants (pieces of the hymen that stay in the vagina) or female genital mutilation, or when the entrance to the vagina has become too small for normal penetration (Sarrell and Sarrell 1989).
In women who are past menopause, a common cause of painful sexual act is having too little estrogen.
In women who are breastfeeding, a common cause is dryness of the vagina.
Women who are getting radiation therapy for cancer in the pelvic area may have pain during sex because the walls of the vagina have atrophied (wasted away) and are more sensitive to injury.
Dryness in the vagina can also be a cause of painful sexual act for women with Sjögren's syndrome, which attacks the glands that create saliva and tears.
Painful sexual act may be one of the first symptoms of cystitis (a bladder infection).
People with cystitis may have bladder pain during or after sex.
Women with cystitis usually have pain the day after sex, because the muscles around her bladder are spasming (tightening up painfully).
Women with cystitis usually also have urinary frequency (needing to urinate a lot) and/or urinary urgency (needing to urinate suddenly).
In men
There are a number of physical factors as well.
Pain is sometimes experienced in the testicular or glans area of the penis immediately after ejaculation.
Infections of the prostate, bladder, or seminal vesicles can lead to burning or itching sensations following ejaculation.
Men suffering from cystitis may experience intense pain at the moment of ejaculation and is focused at the tip of the penis.
Gonorrheal infections are associated with burning or sharp penis pains during ejaculation.
Urethritis or prostatitis can make genital stimulation painful or uncomfortable.
Anatomic deformities of the penis (retraction of a too-tight foreskin) may also result in pain during sexual act.
In men pain in the genital organs during ejaculation or immediately thereafter is experienced as sharp, stabbing, and/or burning, it may be persistent and returning.
The duration of pain is usually brief.
The immediate cause of psychogenic post ejaculatory pain is the involuntary painful spasm or cramping of certain pain-sensitive muscles in the male genital and reproductive organs, the painful muscle cramps may be attributable to a man’s conflict about ejaculating.
Sufferers will see several doctors before a correct diagnosis is made.
Sufferers are also often hesitant to seek treatment for chronic vulvar pain, especially since many women begin experiencing symptoms around the same time they become sexually active.
Before being successfully diagnosed patients sometimes are told that the pain is "in their head".
For the diagnosis doctor carefully takes a history and carefully examines the pelvis to duplicate the discomfort and to identify a site or source of the pelvic pain.
The diagnosis of painful sexual act has to be differentiated from conditions known as ‘’’chronic vulvar pain’’’ and vaginismus.
It is worth to be sure whether the painful sexual act is acquired or lifelong and whether it is generalized (complete) or situational.
During the first two weeks, painful sexual act caused by penis insertion or movement of the penis in the vagina or by deep penetration is often due to disease or injury deep within the pelvis.
Inquiry should determine whether the pain is superficial or deep - whether it occurs primarily at the vaginal outlet or vaginal barrel or upon deep thrusting against the cervix.
The possible role of psychological factors in either causing or maintaining the pain must be acknowledged.
Atrophy of vagina as a source of painful sexual act is most frequently seen in women after menopause and is generally associated with estrogen deficiency.
The latter  is associated with inadequacy of lubrication of vagina, which can lead to painful friction during sexual act.
Doctor explains to the patient what has happened; including identifies the sites and causes of pain.
He makes clear that the pain will, in almost all cases, disappear over the time or at least will be greatly reduced.
If there is a partner, doctor explains him also the causes and treatment and encourages him to be supportive.
Doctor removes the source of pain when needed.
He encourages the patient to learn about her body, to explore her own anatomy and learn how she likes to be caressed and touched.
Doctor  encourages the couple to add pleasant, sexually exciting experiences to their regular interactions, such as bathing together (in which the primary goal is not cleanliness), mutual caressing without sexual act, and using sexual books, pictures, and videos.
In couples where a woman is preparing to receive vagina act, such activities tend to increase both lubrication of vagina and its dilation, both of which decrease friction and pain.
Prior to sexual act, oral sex may also prove very useful to relax and lubricate the vagina (providing both partners are comfortable with it).
Doctor prescribes very large amounts of water-soluble lubricant during sexual act.
He discourages petroleum jelly.
Moisturizing skin lotion may be recommended as an alternative lubricant, unless the patient is using a condom or other latex product.
Lubricant should be liberally applied (two tablespoons full) to both the penis and the orifice of the vagina.
A folded bath towel under the receiving partner's hips helps prevent spillage on bedclothes.
Doctor instructs the receiving partner to take the penis of the penetrating partner in their hand and control insertion themselves, rather than letting the penetrating partner do it.
For those who have pain on deep penetration because of pelvic injury or disease, doctor recommends a change in sex positions to one admitting less penetration.
In women receiving vaginal penetration maximum vaginal penetration is achieved when the receiving woman lies on her back with her pelvis rolled up off the bed, compressing her thighs tightly against her chest with her calves over the penetrating partner's shoulders.
Minimal penetration occurs when a receiving woman lies on her back with her legs extended flat on the bed and close together while her partner's legs straddle hers.
A manual physical therapy  treating pelvis and vagina sticking together may decrease or eliminate pain during sexual act.
Related conditions
Vaginismus
Sandra Risa Leiblum, Ph.D. sexual act/ Sexual Pain Disorders - Painful sexual act
WhenSexHurts - a support community for couples struggling with intimacy due to disability
Neem  is a tree in the mahogany familysex Meliaceae.
It is native to India, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Malaysia and Pakistan.
It grows in tropical and semi-tropical regions.
It was also the state tree of Hyderabad Deccan.
Neem is a fast-growing tree in India that can reach up to 15–20 m (about 50–65 feet) tall, and sometimes even to 35–40 m (115–131 feet).
It is evergreen.
is found in some major parts of Tamil nadu like tuticorin,tirunelveli ,etc,,,
Products made from neem have been used in India for over two millennia for their medicinal properties.
They are said to be antifungal, antidiabetic, antibacterial, antiviral, contraceptive and sedative.
Neem products are also used in selectively controlling pests in plants.
Neem is considered a part of Ayurvedic medicine.
Neem is also known as the' village pharmacy'.
All parts of neem are used for preparing many different medicines, especially for skin disease.
A compound from the Neem tree can be used as a spermicide .
Neem oil is used for preparing cosmetics (soap and shampoo, ozone as well as lotions and others), and is useful for skin care such as acne treatment.
Neem oil has been used effectively as a mosquito repellent.
Neem is useful for damaging over 500 types of insects, mites, ticks, and nematodes, by changing the way they grow and act.
Neem does not normally kill pests right away, rather it slows their growth and drives them away.
As neem products are cheap and not poisonous to animals and friendly insects, they are good for pest control
In the UK, plant protection products that contain azadirachtin, the active ingredient of neem oil, are illegal.
Jun Suzuki (footballer, born 1961) – Japanese footballer
Jun Suzuki (born in 1989) – Japanese footballer
Jorge López Montaña (born 19 September 1978) is a Spanish football player.
|1997/98||rowspan="2"|Logroñés||rowspan="2"|Segunda División||9||2
|1999/00||rowspan="4"|Villarreal||Segunda División||29||7
|2000/01||rowspan="3"|La Liga||35||8
|2002/03||36||8
|2003/04||Valencia||La Liga||26||4
|2004/05||Mallorca||La Liga||29||1
|2005/06||rowspan="2"|Valencia||rowspan="2"|La Liga||5||0
|2007/08||Racing Santander||La Liga||35||6
|2008/09||rowspan="2"|Real Zaragoza||Segunda División||38||7
Mazarópi (born 27 January 1953) is a former Brazilian football player.
|1989/90||rowspan="2"|NTT Kanto||rowspan="2"|JSL Division 2||19||0||||||1||0||20||0
|1990/91||24||0||||||2||0||26||0
|1991/92||Sumitomo Metal||JSL Division 2||15||0||||||2||0||17||0
|1992||rowspan="6"|Kashima Antlers||rowspan="6"|J. League 1||colspan="2"|-||2||0||6||0||8||0
|1993||22||2||1||0||5||0||28||2
|1994||30||1||1||0||1||0||32||1
|1995||30||0||3||0||colspan="2"|-||33||0
|1996||1||0||0||0||10||1||11||1
|1997||11||0||0||0||5||0||16||0
|1998||Avispa Fukuoka||J. League 1||1||0||0||0||0||0||1||0
Ayila Yussuf (born 4 November 1984) is a Nigerian football player.
He plays for Dynamo Kyiv and Nigeria national team.
|2003/04||rowspan="7"|Dynamo Kyiv||rowspan="7"|Premier League||1||0
|2004/05||16||3
|2006/07||21||2
|2008/09||11||0
Nigel de Jong (; born 30 November 1984) is a Dutch professional footballer.
He is a midfielder for Italian Serie A club Milan and the Dutch national team.
He joined the Ajax youth academy when he was young and made the first team at age 17.
De Jong moved from Ajax in 2006 to join Hamburg.
He then moved to Manchester City in January 2009 for around £18 million.
He became an important part of Manchester City's midfield.
He has earned a reputation of being combative and feisty player.
This got him nicknames like "The Terrier" and "Lawnmower".
He moved to Italian club Milan in August 2012.
On 19 October 2002, de Jong played for the Ajax first team for the first time.
He scored his first goal on 18 February 2003 in a 1–1 draw against Arsenal in the UEFA Champions League.
He started playing in the first team often in the next season.
In this season, Ajax won the Eredivisie.
In 2004–05, de Jong was named Ajax Player of the Season.
Later, after starting in midfield for quite a while, he found himself sitting on the bench more often than being one of the players at the start of a match.
On 7 December 2005, it was announced that de Jong did not want to stay with Ajax.
His contract with Ajax was due to finish in July 2006.
On 26 January 2006, de Jong signed a four and a half year contract at German Bundesliga club Hamburg.
He moved there for about €1 million.
He played for Hamburg for the first time two days later.
In the match, Hamburg lost 2–1 to Nuremberg.
In March 2006, de Jong scored the winning goal in Bayern Munich's first ever loss at the Allianz Arena.
The week after, he got his first red card in a UEFA Cup match against Rapid Bucharest.
He had to stop playing in April because he needed surgery on a knee problem.
The injury also meant that he could not play for the Netherlands at the 2006 World Cup.
However, after becoming fit again, he was put on standby.
On 21 January 2009, de Jong moved to Manchester City for around £18 million.
He signed a four-and-a-half year contract.
He played for the first time against Newcastle United on 28 January 2009.
He played sixteen times in the Premier League.
De Jong was in the starting team against Arsenal on 12 September 2009.
He was given Man of the Match by Sky Sports after Manchester City won 2-1 over Chelsea on 5 December 2009.
By the end of the season, the fans liked him.
He was one of Roberto Mancini's first picks as defensive midfielder as the team just missed out on the Champions League.
De Jong scored his first goal for Manchester City when they won 2-1 against West Ham United on 1 May 2011.
On 31 August 2012, de Jong joined Italian Serie A club Milan.
On 31 March 2004, de Jong played his first game with the Netherlands in a friendly against France.
He was not picked to play in UEFA Euro 2004.
He missed the 2006 FIFA World Cup because his knee was injured.
He scored his first goal for the Netherlands against Iceland on 6 June 2009 in a 2010 FIFA World Cup qualifying match.
This match made the Netherlands go through to the 2010 World Cup.
De Jong was part of the Dutch team for the 2010 FIFA World Cup.
He was one of the starting players for their first match in the competition.
In this match, they won 2–0 against Denmark.
He was not allowed to play in the semi final against Uruguay because he got his second yellow card in a match against Brazil.
He played in the Final, where the Netherlands lost 1–0 to Spain.
De Jong is married to Winonah.
His father is Jerry de Jong.
De Jong is addicted to the game Angry Birds.
He plays it in the dressing room before games.
Puma SE sponsor de Jong.
The deal began in January 2012.
www.transfermarkt.co.uk
Paulo Nagamura (born 2 March 1983) is a Brazilian football player.
He plays for Tigres UANL.
Kevin Doyle (born 18 September 1983) is an Irish football player.
He plays for Wolverhampton Wanderers and Republic of Ireland national team.
|2001/02||Waterford United||First Division||5||0||||||||||5||0
|2002/03||St.
Patrick's Athletic||Premier Division||10||0||||||||||10||0
|2003||rowspan="3"|Cork City||rowspan="3"|Premier Division||33||5||||||||||33||5
|2004||31||13||||||||||31||13
|2005||11||7||||||||||11||7
|2005/06||rowspan="4"|Reading||League Championship||45||18||3||1||3||0||51||19
|2006/07||rowspan="2"|Premier League||32||13||1||0||1||0||34||13
|2007/08||36||6||0||0||0||0||36||6
|2008/09||League Championship||42||18||0||0||0||0||42||18
|2009/10||Wolverhampton Wanderers||Premier League||||||||||||||||
Jun Suzuki (born 22 April 1989) is a Japanese football player.
|2007||rowspan="4"|Avispa Fukuoka||rowspan="4"|J. League 2||4||0||0||0||4||0
|2009||39||0||2||0||41||0
Krassimir Balakov (born 29 March 1966) is a former Bulgarian football player.
|1990/91||rowspan="5"|Sporting Portugal||rowspan="5"|Portuguese Liga||18||4
|1991/92||32||7
|1992/93||32||11
|1993/94||29||15
|1994/95||27||6
|1995/96||rowspan="8"|Stuttgart||rowspan="8"|Bundesliga||34||7
|1996/97||31||13
|1997/98||31||11
|1999/00||30||6
|2000/01||28||6
|2005/06||Plauen||Oberliga||1||0
|1996||9||4
Total||92||16
Martin Jiránek (born 25 May 1979) is a Czech football player.
He plays for Spartak Moscow.
|1995/96||rowspan="5"|Bohemians Praha||2.
Liga||1||0
|1996/97||Gambrinus liga||4||0
Liga||16||4
|1999/00||rowspan="2"|Slovan Liberec||rowspan="2"|Gambrinus liga||13||0
|2000/01||rowspan="4"|Reggina||Serie A||14||0
|2001/02||Serie B||30||3
|2002/03||rowspan="2"|Serie A||29||0
|2004||rowspan="7"|Spartak Moscow||rowspan="7"|Premier League||12||0
|2006||26||2
|2008||26||0
|2009||29||1
Fan Zhiyi (born 22 January 1970) is a former Chinese football player.
|1994||rowspan="5"|Shanghai Shenhua||rowspan="5"|Jia-A League||20||0
|1995||22||15
|1996||22||9
|1997||22||5
|1998||13||2
|1998/99||rowspan="4"|Crystal Palace||rowspan="4"|First Division||29||2
|2001/02||Dundee||Premier League||14||1
|2002||Shanghai Zhongyuan Huili||Jia-A League||12||4
|2002/03||Cardiff City||Second Division||6||0
|2003/04||Buler Rangers||First Division League||9||1
|2004||rowspan="2"|Shanghai Zobon||League One||22||6
|2005||Super League||8||0
|2005/06||Buler Rangers||First Division League||5||0
|1997||25||8
|1998||14||3
|2001||12||4
Total||109||17
Kew Jaliens (born 15 September 1978) is a Dutch football player.
He plays for AZ Alkmaar.
|1996/97||rowspan="4"|Sparta Rotterdam||rowspan="4"|Eredivisie||2||0
|1997/98||32||3
|1999/00||2||1
|1999/00||rowspan="5"|Willem II||rowspan="5"|Eredivisie||22||0
|2003/04||33||1
|2004/05||rowspan="6"|AZ Alkmaar||rowspan="6"|Eredivisie||22||1
|2008/09||24||1
Kang Hyun-Su (born 16 July 1984) is a North Korean professional athlete.
|2007||Kyoto Sanga||J. League 2||0||0||0||0||0||0
|2008||rowspan="3"|Kataller Toyama||Football League||17||0||1||0||18||0
|2009||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||34||1||0||0||34||1
Kosuke Nakamachi (born 1 September 1985) is a Japanese football player.
|2004||rowspan="4"|Shonan Bellmare||rowspan="4"|J. League 2||11||0||3||0||14||0
|2006||34||1||0||0||34||1
|2007||9||0||0||0||9||0
|2010||Avispa Fukuoka||J. League 2||||||||||||
Starstruck (also called StarStruck) is a 2011 Disney Channel Original Movie starring Sterling Knight, Danielle Campbell, Brandon Mychal Smith and Chelsea Staub.
The movie was made in Los Angeles.
It was released on Disney DVD on June 8, 2010 in the U.S.
The Nematomorpha (horsehair worms) are a phylum of parasitic cycloneuralian animals.
They look similar to nematode worms and live in similar environments, which is why their names are similar.
They are sometimes called Gordiacea.
They range in size from  long and in extreme cases may be up to 2 meters long.
They are  in diameter.
Horsehair worms can be discovered in damp areas such as watering troughs, streams, puddles, and cisterns.
The larvae are parasitic on arthropods: beetles, cockroaches, grasshoppers and crickets.
These are their final hosts, but since they do not live in water, the nematomorph life cycle has an extra stage.
A day or two after they come out of their hosts, the adult worms mate in the water, and then around mid-August or Mid-October, they lay their eggs in the water.
It takes about a month for the larvae to develop inside the egg.
Once the larvae hatch, they somehow get into gastropods (like snails and slugs), insects, or earthworms, which live in moist habitats.
There they build a cyst, and grow.
The animal they grow inside is called an interim (temporary) host, because a final host is still needed.
Next, developing nematomorph worms can be found in their final hosts (beetles, etc.).
It is not clear how they get there, but probably the final host eats the interim host with the larvae inside them.
After they appear in the final host, the nematomorphs begin to eat it from the inside.
The nematomorph may control the host, leading it towards water and even causing it to jump into the water.
Then it breaks out of the beetle in or near the water and finds a knot of other worms.
There it can mate.
The Burgess Shale Formation in the Rocky Mountains of British Columbia is one of the world's most celebrated fossil fields, and the best of its kind.
It is famous for the exceptional preservation of the soft parts of its fossils.
It is ~505 million years old (Middle Cambrian), one of the earliest soft-parts fossil beds.
The Burgess Shale was discovered by palaeontologist Charles Doolittle Walcott in 1909, towards the end of the season's fieldwork.
He returned in 1910 with his sons, and established a quarry on the flanks of Fossil Ridge.
The fact that fossils were of soft-bodied forms, and the range of organisms new to science, led him to return to the quarry almost every year until 1924.
At this point, aged 74, he had amassed over 65,000 specimens.
Describing the fossils is  a vast task, pursued by Walcott until his death in 1927, and continued into the 21st century.
Walcott, led by scientific opinion at the time, attempted to categorise all fossils into living taxa.
As a result, the fossils were regarded as little more than curiosities at the time.
It was not until 1962 that a first-hand reinvestigation of the fossils was attempted, by Alberto Simonetta.
This led scientists to recognise that Walcott had barely scratched the surface of information available in the Burgess Shale.
A second quarry (in the same geological formation) was opened.
A thorough reassessment of the Burgess Shale showed that the fauna were much more varied and unusual than Walcott had realised.
The Royal Ontario Museum now has the largest collection of Burgess Shale material in the world with over 150,000 specimens.
Many of the animals present had bizarre anatomical features and only the slightest resemblance to other known animals.
Examples include Opabinia, with five eyes and a snout like a vacuum cleaner hose; Nectocaris, and Hallucigenia.
This last was originally reconstructed upside down, walking on its spines.
The Burgess Shale was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1980.
It became part of the Canada Rocky Mountain Parks World Heritage Site in 1984.
Geological formations
The Solnhofen limestone is the world's most famous fossil site.
It is a lagerstätte of Upper Jurassic limestone which has preserved many fossils in great detail.
The specimens of Archaeopteryx are perhaps the world's most valuable fossils, because they are the earliest fossils of a bird capable of flight.
The Solnhofen beds lie in the German state of Bavaria (Bayern), halfway between Nuremberg (Nürnberg) and Munich (München).
They were originally quarried as a source of roof and floor tiles, then for lithographic printing.
Paleoenvironment
In the late Jurassic this area was an archipelago at the edge of the Tethys Sea.
This included placid lagoons which had limited access to the open sea because they were surrounded by coral reefs.
Water runoff from the land was low and, under the sun, evaporation was high.
Salinity rose so high that the resulting brine could not support life, except at the top of the water column.
The lowest water was not only very salty, but hypoxic: very low in  oxygen.
This was caused by the lack of water mixing.
Many ordinary scavengers were absent from the lagoon floor.
From the condition of the water, it follows that almost all of the fossilised animals were not living in the lagoon.
They must have lived on land, in the air, or out to sea beyond the reef.
Then when they died, they fell, drifted, or were washed into the lagoons from the air, ocean or land.
Occasional storms at sea would have killed flying animals, and swept fish over the reef in a suspension of finely-dispersed lime.
There the bodies sank into the dead zone and were preserved.
Once in the lagoon, bodies became buried in soft carbonate mud.
The wings of dragonflies, the imprints of stray feathers, and terrestrial plants that washed into the lagoons were all preserved.
"The variety and number of fossils known is deceptive.
The occurrence of fossils is quite low.
Indeed, a worker can quarry for an entire day and find not a single one.
The hundreds of years of quarrying are what make them seem so apparently common".
The range of fossil species gives a comprehensive picture of a local Jurassic ecosystem.
At times, the lagoons almost dried out, exposing sticky carbonate muds that trapped insects and even a few small dinosaurs.
Over 600 species have been identified.
Seven genera and up to 29 species of pterosaur have been found.
This suggests that in this ecosystem pterosaurs were more common and diversified than birds.
The pterosaur sizes ranged from that of a sparrow to 1.2 m (4 ft) in length.
The fine-grained texture of the mud silt forming the limestone is ideal for making lithographic plates for printing illustrations.
Extensive quarrying in the 19th century revealed many fossil finds, as commemorated in the name Archaeopteryx lithographica, all the specimens of which come from these deposits.
The closest modern analogue to the Solnhofen conditions is said to be Orca Basin in the northern Gulf of Mexico, though that area is much deeper than the Solnhofen lagoons.
The biota
The Solnhofen biota is composed of the animals and plants which lived in the area.
All were found in the limestone quarries.
Carbonate production
Cyanobacteria, and by single-celled protists such as
Coccolithophores (12 genera), and
Foraminifera (five genera).
Some of remains of the land plants got down into the lagoon.
They were almost all gynmosperms.
Pteridosperms: three genera
Ginkgos: two genera
Conifers: four genera
Many fish
Reptiles (Sauropsida)
Dinosaurs and birds: Archaeopteryx, Wellnhoferia and Compsognathus
Pterosaurs:
Rhamphorhynchoidea: Rhamphorhynchus (14 species)
Anurognathidae: Anurognathus
Pterodactyloidea: Aurorazhdarcho, Ctenochasma, Cycnorhamphus, Germanodactylus, Gnathosaurus, Pterodactylus (19 species, most of which may be age stages), Scaphognathus
Turtles: four genera
Plesiosaurs: one genus
Lizards: four genera
Rhynchocephalia: five genera
Crocodilia: seven genera
Scyphozoa (jellyfish): seven genera
Hydrozoa: three genera
Corals (Anthozoa): one genera
Crinoids: Saccocoma (the most common fossil in the limestone), and three other genera
Starfish (Asteroidea), two genera
Sea urchins (Echinoidea), eight genera
Holothuroidea (sea cucumbers), seven genera
Cephalopods:
Squid and cuttlefish: Belemnotheutis and eight other genera
Belemnites: three genera
Nautiloids: one genus
Ammonites: ten genera
Bivalves: seven genera
Gastropods: five genera
Mayfly (Ephemeroptera): one species
Dragonfly (Odonata): 13 genera
Cockroach (Blattaria): three genera
Ensifera (locusts and crickets): three genera
Cicadas: four genera
Lacewings (Neuroptera): four genera
Beetles (Coleoptera): 14 genera
Heteroptera (bugs and water scorpions): five genera
Hymenoptera: one genus
Caddis fly (Trichoptera): two genera
Flies (Diptera): two genera
Malacostracans:
Mysidae: two genera
Isopoda: two genera
Decapoda: 27 genera
Stomatopods
Barnacles (Cirripedia): two genera
Horseshoe crab: Xiphosura
There was a great variety of life near the lagoon.
Beetles were already the most common kind of insect, and dragonflies were also common.
Some other types of insect (hymenoptera and flies) were not so common as today.
Pterosaurs were at the time much more successful than birds.
They were much more common and diversified.
The newly-evolved pterodactyls were already more diverse than the Rhamphorhynchoids, but the single genus Rhamphorhynchus was still very common.
No mammals were found here.
University of California Berkeley offers a brief introduction.
Another brief description.
Aenictogiton is a genus of ants.
The genus has seven species.
The genus is given its own subfamily, Aenictogitoninae.
All of the species are known only from males from middle Africa and show a phylogenetic liking to the army ants (and are in the dorylomorph subfamilies).
Nothing is known about the workers, queens and behavior of these ants.
A few not described species are known to exist in a few collections in the world.
Aenictogiton attenuatus - Santschi, 1919
Aenictogiton bequaerti - Forel, 1913
Aenictogiton elongatus - Santschi, 1919
Aenictogiton emeryi - Forel, 1913
Aenictogiton fossiceps - Emery, 1901
Aenictogiton schoutedeni - Santschi, 1924
Aenictogiton sulcatus - Santschi, 1919
Ketosis is when there are greater levels of ketone bodies in the blood or urine.
It comes when ketone bodies are released into the bloodstream due to low glycogen levels in the liver.
Ketone bodies are made by a process called ketogenesis.
Ketosis can be understood as the use of body fat as a source of energy.
Ketosis has 3 main sources of energy, also known as ketone bodies: acetoacetate, acetone, and beta-hydroxybutyrate.
Melphalan is a chemotherapeutic agent used in the treatment of a variety of cancers, including melanoma and multiple myeloma.
Rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare type of cancer that is most common in children.
Rhabdomyosarcoma is a cancer that begins in muscle tissue - usually the muscles that are attached to bones to help a person move.
Types of Rhabdomyosarcoma
Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS)
This is the most common type of rhabdomyosarcoma.
More than half of people with this cancer have ERMS.
It is most common in children under age 6.
The head or neck;
The genitals; or
The urinary system.
Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS)
This is the second most common type of rhabdomyosarcoma.
Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma is more common in older children and teenagers, but it can also happen in younger children and adults.
The arms or legs;
The chest; or
The abdomen
Anaplastic rhabdomyosarcoma
Anaplastic rhabdomyosarcoma does not happen very often.
When it does happen, it usually affects adults; is very rare in children.
The choice of how to treat rhabdomyosarcoma depends on many things.
Where is the tumor?
How big is the tumor?
Has the tumor spread to other parts of the body?
Can the entire tumor be taken out by surgery?
What type of rhabdomyosarcoma does the person have?
Has the cancer caused changes to the person's genes?
How old is the patient?