the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
In general, any particular instrument will operate over a small portion of this total range because of the different techniques used to measure different portions of the spectrum.
Below optical frequencies (that is, at microwave, radio, and audio frequencies), the spectrum analyzer is a closely related electronic device.
Spectroscopes
Spectrometers are used in spectroscopic analysis to identify materials.
Spectroscopes are used often in astronomy and some branches of chemistry.
Early spectroscopes were simply a prism with graduations marking wavelengths of light.
Modern spectroscopes, such as monochromators, generally use a diffraction grating, a movable slit, and some kind of photodetector, all automated and controlled by a computer.
The spectroscope was invented by Gustav Robert Georg Kirchhoff and Robert Wilhelm Bunsen.
How to work with the spectroscope : a manual of practical manipulation with spectroscopes of all kinds
1882; Browning, John (1835-1925) NOT_IN_COPYRIGHT - online full-text download
How to design a spectroscope
A CD spectrometer Build from CD and cereal box - Spectrographs of common light sources
Supplement: Build Yourself a Simple Hand-Held Spectrograph  Sample spectra
SPECTROSCOPY FOR THE SCHOOL  Build a simple spectroscope from a CD
CD spectrometer CD + cardboard tube or cereal box
Construction photos, razor-blade slit
MiniSpectroscopy displays a visual representation (a "spectroscope view") of a sample spectrum simultaneously with a graphical (intensity vs. wavelength) representation.
The Province of Carolina was a British colony in North America from 1663 to 1729.
It covered the present states of North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, and a part of Florida.
An argument over how the it would be governed led to its becoming the Province of North Carolina and the Province of South Carolina.
Officially, these two provinces did not become separate colonies until 1729.
History of North Carolina
18th century in South Carolina
1663 establishments
History of Georgia (U.S. state)
1729 disestablishments
Tefnut was the ancient Egyptian goddess of water and fertility.
She and her brother and husband, Shu, were created by Atum, Ra or Amun.
Tefnut was the mother of Nut and Geb also she is associated with the lion.
In art she is represent as a woman with head of the lion with Sun disc.
God's plan
Tefnut, along with Shu, were the first deities created by Ra.
She had other names, such as Tefenet and Tefnet.
She was mainly in charge of moisture, but was also responsible for Order, Time, Justice, Heaven and Hell.
She was very closely related to both the sun and the moon.
She was known as both the left (moon), and right (sun): 'Eyes of Ra.'
Once Tefnut fled from Ra as a lioness, causing a great drought.
Only Thoth could persuade her to return, so he went to Nubia and got her back.
When she got back, there was great rejoice in all the temples.
After that incident, Tefnut, normally wearing her fathers’ sun disk, was seen as a lioness, or a woman with a lions’ head.
Very rarely ever again was she seen portrayed as a full woman.
When Tefnut was in the royal court, she wore a crown made of sprouting plants.
Sometimes she was seen lying horizontally between the ground and the sky.
She was sometimes pictured with her husband, Shu, helping to hold up Nut.
She cried with the pain, and when she cried, that made the ground fertilized.
Power & magic
Tefnut sat in judgment of the dead in the underworld.
Tefnut wears her fathers’ sun disk, a symbol of power.
She carries a scepter and wears an ankh, the symbol of life.
As she was the goddess of moisture, she was also related to other deities of moisture and wetness.
She was seen holding up the sky with her brother/husband Shu.
As she was in charge of moisture, she held other roles as well.
Some of them were: Order, justice, time, the weather,Heaven, and Hell.
Above all, her main role was to bring moisture down on the ancient Egyptians.
Tefnut was worshipped in lion form in Leontopolis (May-ta-hut).
Part of the city of Denderah (Iunet), was known as ‘The House of Tefnut.’
Some of Tefnut’s festival dates were the 20th of August, the day of satisfying the Hearts of the Ennead.
Another festival date was the 29th of October, which was the day of Going Forth of Het-Hert and the Ennead.
The last festival date was the 15th of November, the Ennead Feast in the House of Kay Heru and Wasir.
Tefnut does not have any main centers of Worship, or any known temples dedicated to her.
Sobek was the ancient Egyptian god of the Nile.
In art, he was shown with the head of a crocodile.
In temples to Sobek, live crocodiles were kept in pools to honor him.
Jobs & Roles
Sobek was worshipped wherever the Nile was presenting difficulties.
Sobek was the ancient Egyptian god of crocodiles and controlled the waters.
Sobek’s role was to protect the pharaoh from evil but it differs with each person.
He was the most popular god in Arsinoe (Crocodilopolis in Greek), and was considered the Lord of Faiyu (a place in Egypt).
Myths & stories
One day when Sobek was in the Nile, he saw Osiris’ (who was murdered by Set, the god of chaos) body.
He was so hungry he could not resist eating part of it.
His tongue was cut off as a punishment, which is why crocodiles have no tongues in Egyptian myths.
He also caught the sons of Horus when they were born.
Physical Appearance
Sobek was seen as a crocodile headed man or very rarely a plain crocodile.
Egyptians mummified crocodiles in honor of Sobek.
Crocodiles were treated like household pets and were adorned with anklets and other decorative jewels.
In temples people kept sacred crocodiles because they thought that they were images of Sobek on earth.
The sacred crocodiles were a big attraction, the Egyptian’s believed that if the crocodiles were fed and they accepted their food, you would receive blessings from the God Sobek.
Family & friends
Sobek was a friend of Horus.
Sobek’s mother Neith was considered the sister of Isis, who was Horus’s mother.
This made Sobek the cousin of Horus, which was a very important fact because Horus was a major God.
In other myths, Sobek was allied with Set.
Set was also sometimes thought of as Sobek's father.
The Complete Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Egypt Thames and Hudson
Atlas of ancient Egypt Pemberton Delia
Egyptian mythology A to Z Remler Pat
ancientegypt.so.uk
Lucky Town is an album by Bruce Springsteen.
It was produced by Bruce Springsteen with Jon Landau and Chuck Plotkin.
The album was recorded by Toby Scott and mixed by Bob Clearmountain.
It was released in 1992 under the copyright of Bruce Springsteen and was distributed by Sony Music.
Bruce Springsteen official website
Lucky Town official website
Sony Music USA
Juli is a German rock/pop band from Gießen, Hesse.
Its singer is Eva Briegel, guitarists Jonas Pfetzing and Simon Triebel, bassist Andreas "Dedi" Herde and drummer Marcel Römer.
The band was made out of Sunnyglade in 2001.
Limb, a part of the human or animal body
Element, an object that belongs to a mathematical set
Military jury, which is called "Members" by people in the military
Users who have signed up for a specific internet service
Dar es Salaam (Arabic: دار السلام  Dār as-Salām) is the largest city in East Africa.
It has a population of about 4,360,000 people.
The city is also Tanzania's richest city.
It is an important economic centre.
Dar es Salaam was the capital city of Tanzania until 1996.
Even though the capital was moved to Dodoma, Dar Salaam is still the location of much of the country's government.
It is also the capital of the Dar es Salaam Region.
The city's name in Arabic means "Abode of Peace".
Dar es Salaam was at one time called Mzizima.
The population of Dar es Salaam is increasing at a rate of 4.39% each year.
It is the 3rd fastest growing city in Africa and the 9th fastest in the world.
The metropolitan area population is expected to reach 5.12 million people by 2020.
This rate is far above the world average.
Globally, the growth rate of the human population has been declining since a peak in 1962 and 1963 of 2.20% per annum.
In 2009 the estimated annual growth rate was 1.1%.
Dar es Salaam's rapidly expanding population presents both significant challenges and opportunities.
Infrastructure development has not kept pace with the population growth so there is significant resource pressure, especially on road networks and the national power grid.
However, a sizeable population with a growing middle class continues to attract investment in areas such as retail (shopping malls), entertainment (cinemas) and communication (high speed internet).
Dar es Salaam has a tropical savanna climate (Aw in the Koeppen climate classification).
This is because it is very near the equator and the warm Indian Ocean.
The city usually has hot and humid weather during much of the year.
Each year the area has two rainy seasons.
These are called 'the long rains' (in April and May) and 'the short rains' (in November and December).
Nearly 1100mm of rain fall each year on the area.
In 1859, Albert Roscher of Germany became the first European to go to Mzizima ("healthy town").
In 1866 Sultan Seyyid Majid of Zanzibar gave it its current name.
It is an Arabic phrase meaning Haven of Peace.
Dar es Salaam had much growth starting in 1887, when the German East Africa Company created a station there.
The town's growth was because it was the administrative and commercial centre of German East Africa.
It was also helped by the growth of industry caused by the Central Railway Line in the early 1900s.
German East Africa was captured by the British during World War I and its name was changed to Tanganyika.
Dar es Salaam was still the territory's administrative and commercial centre.
After World War II, Dar es Salaam had a period of rapid growth.
Tanganyika became independent from colonial rule in December 1961.
Dar es Salaam continued to be its capital.
It remained the capital when in 1964 Tanganyika and Zanzibar merged to form Tanzania.
However, in 1973, it was decided to move the capital to Dodoma.
This has not yet been completed, and Dar es Salaam is still Tanzania's primary city.
The U.S. National Hurricane Center (NHC) is a department of the National Weather Service, and a component of the National Centers For Environmental Protection.
It is responsible for tracking and forecasting the likely behaviour of tropical and subtropical cyclones, potential tropical cyclones, and disturbances.
The NHC headquarters is in Miami, Florida.
When tropical storm or hurricane conditions are predicted within 48 hours on land, the center issues the proper watches through the news media and NOAA Weather Radio.
When those conditions are expected within 36 hours, a warning will be issued.
Although it is an organisation of the United States, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) has designated the NHC as Regional Specialised Meteorological Center for the North Atlantic and eastern and central Pacific Ocean.
In other words, the NHC is the central source of information for all tropical cyclone forecasts and observations happening in these areas, whatever their effect on the US.
The NHC does not come up with their own names, but the WMO comes up with the names instead.
Tropical Storm Warning
NOAA National Hurricane Center website
History of NWS Forecast Office, Miami
Gaborone is the capital city of Botswana.
It has a population of 231,626 people.
Gaborone is one of the fastest-growing cities in Africa.
Gaborone is on the Notwane River in the southeastern corner of Botswana.
It is  from the South African border.
The main campus of the University of Botswana is in the city.
Gaborone's airport, Sir Seretse Khama International Airport, is Botswana's main international airport.
Before 1969, the city was known as Gaberones.
Gaberones replaced Mafeking as the capital of the Bechuanaland Protectorate in 1965.
Mafeking was outside the Bechuanaland Protectorate.
It was in an area of South Africa.
When the Protectorate became independent, Botswana needed a capital city that was inside the country.
It had been thought that Lobatse would be the capital.
It was later decided that they would create a new capital next to Gaberones, a small colonial administrative settlement.
The original name, Gaberones, is from Gaborone's Village.
It was named after Chief Kgosi Gaborone of the BaTlokwa tribe.
His village, now called Tlokweng, was just across a river from the "Government Camp" (colonial government headquarters). "
Gabs" is still a common nickname for Gaborone.
A newer nickname for Gaborone is G-City.
The centre of the city was constructed in three years.
It includes Assembly buildings, government offices, a power station, a hospital, schools, a radio station, a telephone exchange, police stations, a post office, and more than 1,000 houses.
Much of the city was in place for Independence Day on September 30 1966, when the county became independent of the United Kingdom.
The first mayor of Gaborone was Rev J. D. Jones.
The old Gaberones became a suburb of the new Gaborone, and is now known as "the Village".
Map of Gaborone
Cities in Botswana
Libreville is the capital city of Gabon.
The city has a population of 578,156 people.
Libreville is a port on the Gabon River, near the Gulf of Guinea.
It is a trade center for a timber region.
The Libreville International Airport, the headquarters for Air Gabon, is about  north of the city.
The Mpongwé tribe lived in the area long before the French took control of the land in 1839.
The city was founded (as Gabon) in 1843 as a trading station.
Freed slaves were sent there from the ship L'Elizia.
In 1848 it was named Libreville (French for "Freetown").
It was the chief port of French Equatorial Africa from 1934 to 1946.
Libreville was named in after Freetown.
It grew slowly as a trading post and a minor administrative centre.
It had a population of 31,000 when it became independent in 1960.
Since independence, the city has grown more quickly.
Nearly half the of the people of Gabon live in the city.
Sights in Libreville include the National Museum of Arts and Traditions, the French cultural centre, St Marie’s Cathedral, the carved wood church of St Michael, Nkembo, the Arboretum de Sibang and two cultural villages.
Gabon's school of administration and school of law are in Libreville.
The Omar Bongo University is also in Libreville.
The city is home to a shipbuilding industry, brewing industry and sawmills.
The city exports raw materials such as wood, rubber and cocoa from the city's main port, and the deepwater port at Owendo.
The Brahmaputra, also called Tsangpo in Tibet, is one of the main rivers in Asia.
It has its origin in the Himalayas of Tibet.
It flows through Tibet, India and Bangladesh.
Massive flooding occurs when the ice melts in the Spring.
http://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/rivers/brahmaputra.html - Brahmaputra River Map
Rivers of Assam
Lilongwe is the capital city of African country of Malawi.
It lies in the center of the country on the Lilongwe river.
It is near the border of Malawi, Mozambique, and Zambia.
The city has a population of 597,619 people.
Lilongwe is the second largest city in Malawi.
Lilongwe has a damp subtropical climate, bordering a subtropical highland climate (Köppen: Cwa), with pleasantly warm summers and mild winters.
Due to its altitude, temperatures are lower than other cities located in the tropics.
Lilongwe has a short wet season from December to March and a long dry season during much of the rest of the year.
However it has a strong rain season, with around  during the wettest months.
The city started as a small village on the banks of the Lilongwe river.
It became a British colonial administrative centre at the beginning of the 20th century.
In 1974, the capital of the country was moved from Zomba to Lilongwe.
Recently, as part of a change in politics in Malawi, the parliament has been moved to Lilongwe.
All parliament members must spend time in the new capital.
Lilongwe is now the political centre of Malawi, but Blantyre the economic capital of the country.
People can get taxis from hotels and a taxi lane on Presidential Way, North of City Centre Shopping Centre.
Most roads have a lot of traffic, so most Malawians prefer to, or can only afford to, walk or use a bicycle.
There is also an airport, Kamuzu International Airport, which is about 35 km north of Lilongwe.
Settlements in Malawi
Shu was the ancient Egyptian god of dry air, and so was a calming and cooling influence.
He was also like Atlas from Greek mythology—his job was to separate Nut and Geb
Shu had warlike traits like strength, speed and stamina and became associated with the pharaoh.
He takes a human form wearing a plume (the hieroglyph of his name) on his head and with his arms raised supporting the sky-goddess.
Nut to keep her apart from her consort the earth god Geb.
Shu was described as dwelling in the sun's disk.
He often appeared as a bearded man holding up the sky while protecting the earth.
At times he was depicted as a lion or a human with a lion's head.
At other times he wore four ostrich feathers.
These feathers symbolized the four columns that held up the sky when Shu himself was not there to do the job.
When in his role as god of light, Shu carried a sun disk.
"That is my daughter, the living female one, Tefnut, who shall be with her brother Shu.
Life is his name, Order is her name. [
At first] I lived with my two children, my little ones, the one before me, the other behind me.
Life reposed with my daughter Order, the one within me, the other without me.
I rose over them, but their arms were around me."
Was a hymn to Shu.
Ancient Egyptians prayed to him for a good life and prayed to him for light.
People worshipped Shu in prayers, hymns, and in a chapel.
People gave him offerings.
Shu appeared in tombs and temples.
He was a well known god.
Shu belongs to the cosmic deities and as such no temples were dedicated to him.
Cosmic deitys were never worshipped in a pesonified form, therefore there was no need for temples to worshipped them.
A chapel was built to Shu, Atum, and Tefnut.
No festivals has been historically verified Shu was worshipped through prayers and gatherings.
Shu was the god of the water, light, wind, and the atmosphere.
He was also the god of dry air.
Shu's name meant "dryness" or "emptiness".
Shu was mentioned in Coffin Texts and Pyramid Texts, but is not well known outside these religious texts until after the New Kingdom.
During this time period, Shu became connected with the gods Onuris, Khonsu, and Soptu, and was worshipped along with them in their people.
He was praised by some and not by others.
Ra created Shu.
He was created when Ra said, “Shu the moisture”, and then Shu was sneezed out of Ra’s nostrils.
There are many creation myths about how Ra was born.
For example, an egg that hatched created Ra.
Shu was one of the first deities.
Egyptian Mythology and Religion
Malabo is the capital city of Equatorial Guinea.
It is on the northern coast of Bioko Island.
The number of people living there has grown quickly over the past ten years to about 100,000.
Notable buildings in Malabo include Malabo Cathedral and the Malabo Court Building.
The city is served by Malabo International Airport, while ferries sail from its port to Douala and Bata.
The city was first founded by the British in 1827.
They paid Spain for use of the island during colonial times.
The British named the city Port Clarence.
It was used as a naval station help stop the slave trade.
Many newly freed slaves settled there before the creation of Sierra Leone as a colony for freed slaves.
While many of them later moved to Sierra Leone.
When the island returned to Spanish control, Malabo was renamed Santa Isabel.
It replaced the town of Bata as the capital of the country in 1969.
The city was renamed Malabo in 1973 because President Francisco Macías Nguema wanted to replace European place names with "authentic" African ones.
Multimedia is communication that uses more than one type of information content (e.g. text, audio, graphics, animation, video) to inform or entertain the audience (user).
Multimedia also means the use of electronic media to store and experience multimedia content.
References, Sources, and Notes
Machizo Multimedia Communication
Common Language Project
A shield volcano is a large volcano with shallowly-sloping sides.
The name derives from a translation of "Skjaldbreiður", an Icelandic shield volcano whose name means "broad shield," from its resemblance to a warrior's shield.
Shield volcanoes are usually formed by lava that flows easily.
Consequently, a volcanic mountain having a broad profile is built up over time by flow after flow of relatively fluid basaltic lava issuing from vents or fissures on the surface of the volcano.
Many of the largest volcanoes on Earth are shield volcanoes.
The largest is Mauna Loa on the Big Island of Hawaii.
Shield volcanoes can be so large they are sometimes considered a mountain range, such as the Ilgachuz Range and the Rainbow Range, both of which are in Canada.
These shield volcanoes formed when the North American Plate moved over a hotspot similar to the one feeding the Hawaiian Islands, called the Anahim hotspot.
There are also shield volcanoes, for example, in Washington, Oregon, and the Galapagos Islands.
The Piton de la Fournaise, on Réunion Island, is one of the more active shield volcanoes on earth, with one eruption per year on average.
Shield volcanoes are known to form on other planets.
The largest known mountain in the solar system, Olympus Mons on Mars, is a shield volcano.
Shield volcanoes on Mars are higher and much more massive than those on Earth.
On Earth, because of plate tectonics, hotspot volcanoes eventually move away from the source of their magma and the volcanoes are individually less massive than might otherwise be the case.
Shield volcanoes usually occur along constructive boundaries or above hotspots.
However, the many large shield volcanoes of the Cascade Range of northern California and Oregon are over a more complex environment.
A caldera is a volcanic feature formed by the collapse of land surface after a gigantic volcanic eruption.
In such an eruption the volcano's magma chamber is empty enough for the ground above it to drop.
A caldera may look like a volcanic crater except that a crater is made by blasting outward, not by collapsing inward.
The word caldera comes from the Portuguese language, meaning "cauldron".
Some complex features are made by both processes.
When Yellowstone Caldera last erupted some 650,000 years ago, it released about 1,000 km3 of material, covering much of North America in debris up to two metres thick.
By comparison, when Mount St. Helens erupted in 1980, it released 1000 times less material.
About 75,000 years ago, the Toba catastrophe released about 2,800 km3 of ejecta.
This was the largest known explosive eruption within the last 25 million years.
In the late 1990s, anthropologist Stanley Ambrose suggested that a volcanic winter induced by this eruption reduced the human population to about 2,000  20,000, resulting in a population bottleneck.
Others suggested that the human race was reduced to about five to ten thousand people.
However, there is no direct evidence that the theory is correct  and some evidence that it is not.
Larger calderas
Eruptions forming even larger calderas are known.
At La Garita Caldera in the San Juan Mountains of Colorado, the 5,000 km3 Fish Canyon Tuff was blasted out in a single major eruption about 27.8 million years ago.
At some points in time, rhyolitic calderas have appeared in distinct clusters.
The remnants of such clusters may be found in places such as the San Juan Mountains of Colorado (formed during the Oligocene, Miocene, and Pliocene periods) or the Saint Francois Mountain Range of Missouri (erupted during the Proterozoic).
Ngorongoro is a caldera.
Addiscombe is a area in Croydon, in the London Borough of Croydon, England.
Three hundred years ago, Addiscombe was a rural area.
The area was mainly used for farming and brick-making.
There used to be a railway that went through Addiscombe, but in 2000, it was changed to tramlink tracks and a new stop was built.
Addiscombe.net - Community website
South Norwood is an area in south-east London in the London Borough of Croydon, England.
It is one of four places in London called Norwood, Norwood New Town, West Norwood and Upper Norwood are the others.
There are around 14,590 people living in South Norwood alone.
SE25 is the postcode for the area.
Norwood Junction train station is the station which serves most of South Norwood, to Central London.
There are two secondary schools in South Norwood called, Harris Academy South Norwood (was Stanley Technical High School) and the other being Harris Academy Crystal Palace.
There are also a lot of primary schools in the area.
The writer of the Sherlock Holmes stories lived in South Norwood on Tennison Road from 1891 to 1894.
One of his stories was about the area.
In 1966, a dog called Pickles discovered the World Cup Jules Rimet Trophy under a bush farther up in Beulah Hill.
South Norwood Country Park is a large green space and nature reserve in South Norwood, it was the site of a former sewage farm which was made for the growing population of London.
Croydon Sports Arena which holds games for Kent League team Croydon Football Club (Croydon F.C.).
Crystal Palace F.C. play at Selhurst Park in Norwood.
The team, for the 2007-08 season are in the Championship.
A software bug is a problem with the code in a computer program which makes it not work properly.
They can cause inconvenience to the user and may make their computer crash or freeze.
Most computer programs have bugs.
A program that has a large number of bugs (or possibly a single or a few serious bugs) is said to be buggy.
Most bugs are caused by bad programming by the developer, but sometimes they can be caused by compiler problems.
When bugs are found, people send bug reports to the developer to tell them about the bug and let them fix it.
Sometimes, people say that their computer has a bug when something is wrong with it.
The problem is usually caused by a computer virus which has infected their computer and is making it slow or do different things.
Some bugs are harmless, for example, many video games incorrectly allow objects to move through walls.
Other bugs are more severe, for example, a bug in a navigation system that causes an airplane to explode.
Types of bugs
Arithmetic overflow
An arithmetic overflow happens when a number contained in a variable is increased beyond the highest number that the variable allows.
This will usually cause the number to reset back to zero.
An infinite loop happens when a program enters a loop (a series of instructions that is repeated many times) and there is no way out of the loop.
This can cause the program to freeze.
Roundoff errors
If a floating point variable doesn't have enough precision, the number stored in it can be inaccurate.
This can cause various problems depending on the type of program, for example it could cause a navigation program to navigate to an unintended location, or distorted sound in an audio recording program.
Division by zero is an invalid math operation.
If a program divides an integer by zero, it will crash.
On Linux, the message displayed when this bug occurs is "floating point exception", even though floating point numbers were not involved.
Floating point math sometimes allows division by zero.
This will usually result in a special "not a number" value.
Clipping problems
In video games, clipping problems, also called collision detection problems, occur when an object passes through a barrier (such as a wall, floor, or ceiling) that it was not intended to pass through.
This is a very common bug found throughout many video games.
This can happen, for example, in Doom 2 when a crushed monster is resurrected by an arch-vile.
Clipping problems can often be used as a time-saving tactic in speedruns, for example, in Super Mario 64 it is possible to skip walking up the spiral staircase in the castle by jumping through the ceiling.
Security bugs are bugs that allow an intruder to either gain access to the computer, or cause the computer to crash.
Causing the computer to crash is called a denial-of-Service attack.
Security bugs are considered especially important to fix because they might allow intruders to steal important information such as credit card numbers or passwords.
Examples of security bugs include Heartbleed and Shellshock.
Misbugs
A misbug is a bug that has been used as a feature.
An example would be a bug in an Android phone that allows users to gain root access.
Hardware bugs
Some bugs affect hardware (the physical parts of a computer) instead of software.
For example, running the instruction lock cmpxchg8b eax on old Pentium processors would cause the processor to stop working until rebooted.
Since hardware bugs are physical design flaws, they can not be corrected with a software update, although it may be possible to work around (hide) the bug with a software update.
Telephone tapping or wire tapping/wiretapping is when somebody listens to another person's telephone calls.
They usually use a listening device called a bug to listen to and record the conversation so that another person can then listen to it later.
This is illegal in many countries, including the UK and US because it means that telephone calls are not private.
Sometimes, the police need to 'tap' into telephone calls to catch terrorists or other criminals.
Evidence from illegal tops may be used in criminal trials in some countries.
Sara Paxton (born April 25, 1988, California) is an American actress and singer.
She is best known for her role as Mari Collingwood in The Last House on the Left.
She is also known for acting in the movies, Aquamarine, Halloweentown 3.
She has starred in her own television show called Darcy's Wildlife.
Her, mother is a Mexican Jew and her father, is an American who converted to Judaism when marrying her mother.
Website Sara Paxton
Lipstick is a type of cosmetic used on the lips.
It is used to make the lips shiny or to color them.
Lip gloss is a cosmetic.
It makes lips shiny.
Lip gloss can also have shimmer, tints, glitter and flavor.
Mbabane is the capital city of the African country of Eswatini.
It is on the Mbabane River and the Polinjane River in the Mdimba Mountains.
The city is in the district of Hhohho and is also the district capital.
The city has an estimated population of 70,000 people.
The town grew after the country's administrative centre moved there from Manzini in 1902.
It is also the commercial center for the surrounding region.
Tin and iron are mined nearby.
siSwati is the main language of the city but many people also speak English.
The economy of Mbabane, like the country as a whole, is based on tourism and sugar exports.
Pentecostalism is a faith within Evangelical Christianity.
It believes in a personal experience with God through the baptism of the Holy Spirit (); the same as in the Biblical account on the Day of Pentecost.
Pentecostalism is similar to the Charismatic groups, but it came about earlier and separated from the main church branches.
Charismatic Christians, at least in the beginning, tended to stay in their denominations and did not divide away.
There are different types of Pentecostal churches.
Most believe that you must be saved by believing in Jesus as their Savior; to be forgiven for their sins and to be pleasing to God.
Pentecostals also believe, like most other evangelicals, that the Bible is true and must be obeyed in decisions of faith.
In this majority group, speaking in tongues is the sign of the Baptism of the Holy Spirit and is not required for salvation.
To this group, the Baptism of the Holy Spirit is a supernatural gift for ministry that one receives after they have become a Christian.
Other groups believe in an "" based salvation.
This means a person needs to repent and be baptized in the name of Jesus.
They then receive the Holy Spirit (Holy Ghost).
In this belief, the Holy Spirit is required for salvation; which includes speaking in tongues.
In this group, some Pentecostals churches baptize in the name of Jesus only, and some baptize in the name of the Father, the Son and the Holy Ghost/spirit.
They also believe in other gifts such as speaking in tongues, interpretation of tongues, supernatural knowledge, mainly about sickness or spiritual matters, and prophesy about future spiritual happenings.
Many also practice exorcism, that is, casting out evil spirits.
See also: List of Christian denominations by number of members This list indicates that there may be 150 million Pentecostals.
The largest Pentecostal denominations are:
Denomination statistics
Assemblies of God -51 million
Independent - 50 million
Church of God in Christ - 9 million
The Apostolic Church - 6 million
The Pentecostal Mission -6.7 million
Church of God (Cleveland, Tennesee) - 5 million
United Pentecostal Church International - 4 million
Christ Apostolic Church - 2.8 million
Christian Congregation of Brazil- 2.5 million
Zion Christian Church - 2.5 million
Church of the Lord Aladura - 2.5 million
International Church of the Foursquare Gospel 2 million
Universal Church of the Kingdom of God - 2 million
Pentecostal Assemblies of Canada - 1 million
Christian Outreach Centre - less than 1 million
Christian City Church = less than 1 million
World Christian Ministries Association - less than 1 million
Northgate Pentecostals (Dallas - Fort Worth, Texas, USA [Colleyville, TX 76034])
Church of Jesus Christ of Prophecy (AKA Mercy Tabernacle, Benton Tennessee)
International Church of Jesus Christ (Columbus, Ohio)
Potter's House Christian Fellowship (Prescott, Arizona)
United Christian Church (Cleveland, Tennessee)
Igreja Pentecostal e Apostólica Missão Jesus (São Paulo, Brazil)
Revival Centres International and The Revival Fellowship in Australia
Africa: 41.1 million
Nigeria: 13.0 million (34.5 million ; 41.0 million  )
Kenya: 4.1 million (18.94 million )
South Africa: 4.4 million (15.1 million  )
Ethiopia: 2.6 million
Ghana: 1.76 million
America: 58.9 million
United States: Total of: 30 million; 20.2 million (30.0 million  ; 80.0 million including Charismatics and Neo-charismatics  )
Brazil: 15.0 million (20-90 million ; 84 million  )
Argentina: 3.5 million
Mexico: 2.7 million
Guatemala: 2.0 million (7.2 million )
Chile: 1.8 million (4.8 million )
Canada: 1.3 million
Asia: 15.3 million
South Korea: 5.35 million  (8.75 million  )
China: unknown; 72.0 million
Philippines: 9.0 million (38.65 million ; 25.0 million  )
Indonesia: 7.0 million
India: Total of: 54 million; 5.2 million (54.0 million  ; 38.0 million  )
Pakistan: 0.25 million
Europe: 9.5-11.0 million
England: 0.9-1.7 million
Ukraine: 1.2-1.5 million
Russia: 1.0 million
Italy: 0.55 million
Romania: 0.33 million
Germany: 0.3 million
Spain: 0.28 million
France: 0.2-0.3 million
Netherlands: 0.15 millions
Hungary: 0.11 million
Switzerland: 0.1 million
Greece: 0.03 million
Oceania: 3.3 million
Papua New Guinea: 0.4 million
Australia: 0.4 million
New Zealand: 0.11 million
Operation World by Patrick Johnstone and Jason Mandryk, 2000, unless otherwise indicated.
Pentecostal survey
Statistics on Pentecostal renewalists
World Christian Database
Precursors
William Boardman
John Alexander Dowie (1848-1907)
Edward Irving
Albert Benjamin Simpson (1843-1919)
Maria Woodworth-Etter (1844 - 1924)
Smith Wigglesworth (1859 - 1947)
Mary Magdalena Lewis Tate (1879 - 1930) - Mother of Holiness.
Founder of the Church of the Living God and its dominion churches.
Charles Fox Parham (1873 - 1929) Father of Modern Pentecostalism
William J. Seymour (1870 - 1922) Azusa Street Mission Founder (Azusa Street Revival)
Bishop R.A.R. Johnson (1876 -1940) Founder of the House of God, Holy Church of the Living God, The Pillar and the Ground of the Truth, The House of Prayer for All People.
A Commandment (Sabbath) keeping Pentecostal organization.
George Jeffreys (1889 - 1972) Founder of the Elim Foursquare Gospel Alliance and the Bible-Pattern Church Fellowship in Britain
Aimee Semple McPherson (1890 - 1944) American Female Evangelist and organizer of the International Church of the Foursquare Gospel
Joseph Ayo Babalola (1904 - 1959) Oke - Ooye, Ilesa revivalist in 1930.
Also, spiritual founder of Christ Apostolic Church
David du Plessis (1905 - 1987) South-African Pentecostal church leader, one of the founders of the Charismatic movement
Kathryn Kuhlman (1907 - 1976) American female evangelist who brought Pentecostalism into the mainstream denominations
William M. Branham (1909 - 1965) Healing Evangelists of the mid 20th century
Jack Coe (1918 - 1956) Healing Tent Evangelist of the 1950s
A. A. Allen (1911 - 1970) Healing Tent Evangelist of the 1950s and 1960s
Oral Roberts (1918 - 2009) Healing Tent Evangelist who made the transition to televangelism
Rex Humbard (b.1919) The first successful TV evangelist of the mid 1950s, 1960s, and the 1970s and at one time had the largest television audience of any televangelist in the U.S.
Paul Alexander, (2000), "An Analysis of the Emergence and Decline of Pacifism in the History of the Assemblies of God", PhD Dissertation, Baylor University.
Grant Wacker, (2001), Heaven Below: Early Pentecostals and American Culture, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA - An academic history of early Pentecostalism.
Walter Hollenweger, (1972), The Pentecostals: the charismatic movement in the churches, Augsburg Publishing House, Minneapolis,
Walter Hollenweger, (1997), Pentecostalism : origins and developments worldwide, Peabody, Mass. : Hendrickson Publishers,
Clifton, S. J., (2005), An Analysis of the Developing Ecclesiology of the Assemblies of God in Australia, PhD thesis Australian Catholic University
Matthew Steel, (2005), Pentecostalism in Zambia : Power, Authority and the Overcomers, MSc Dissertation - an examination of the growth and effects of Pentecostalism on development, University of Wales
Pentecostalism losing its youth?
Journal of Pentecostal Theology  is published by SAGE publications.
The editorial board is comprised of members of the Church of God Theological Seminary faculty.
The REFLEKS journal  is published by REFLEKS-Publishing in Oslo, Norway and contains scholarly Scandinavian and English articles on Pentecostalism and neo-Pentecostalism.
Encounter: Journal for Pentecostal Ministry is a published by the Assemblies of God Theological Seminary (AGTS)
The European Research Network on Global Pentecostalism (GloPent) is an initiative by three leading European Universities in Pentecostal studies networking academic research on Pentecostal and Charismatic movements.
Hollenweger Center  for the interdisciplinary study of Pentecostal and Charismatic movements at the Free University of Amsterdam
Cyberjournal for Pentecostal Charismatic Research
Flower Pentecostal Heritage Center  (Assemblies of God archives), one of the largest collections of materials documenting the global Pentecostal movement; website contains free research tools, including over 250,000 digitized pages of periodicals and online catalog with over 80,000 entries.
Lecture on "Pentecostalism"
Map showing Percentage of Pentecostal Population in USA by county  from Valparaiso University
Apostolic Herald Online newsletter sharing Pentecostal and Apostolic concepts written primarily by Pentecostal authors.
Pentecostal Conference of the North American Keralites
Australasian Pentecostal Studies journal
Pew Religious Forum Pentecostal Hub
Some statistic
Pentecost (πεντηκοστή [], pentekostē [hēmera]) meaning "the 50th day" in Greek), also called Whitsun, Whitsunday, or Whit Sunday in the United Kingdom and other English-speaking areas, is a holiday and season in the Christian liturgical year.
It is the 50th day after Easter (and the 10th day after Ascension Thursday).
It is Historically and symbolically related to the Jewish harvest festival of Shavuot.
It is to remember the coming of the Holy Spirit to the Apostles and other followers of Jesus as described in the book of Acts in the Bible, as Jesus had promised after he rose from the dead.
About 3,000 people were baptized that day, which to many, making it the real start of the Christian Church.
A collection of Pentecost prayers  (Roman Catholic)
Christian Resource Institute
"Pentecost" article from the Catholic Encyclopedia
"Pentecost" article from the Jewish Encyclopedia
Secret Conversations with God - Study of Pentecost
The Feast of Pentecost fulfilment in Sivan of 32 A.D.
True Pentecost is 50 days from the Sunday following Passover - Not 50 days from Easter.
Pentecost, Passover and Easter dates: 2000 - 2050
The Feast of Pentecost: The Firstfruits of God's Harvest
Photographs of Russian Orthodox Pentecost service
Holy Pentecost Icon and Synaxarion of the Feast (Eastern Orthodox)
Feast of Pentecost Greek Orthodox Archdiocese
Explanation of the Feast from the Handbook for Church Servers (Nastolnaya Kniga) by Sergei V. Bulgakov
Some people lie and lie.
While others risk the chance to be angrier at them to have trust.
Trust is a trait this is earned.
It can be powerful.
But you can lose it easily.
Trust (social sciences): the feeling of being sure someone or something can be relied upon
Trust law, where money or property is owned and managed on behalf of another
Escrow, where a thing is held in trust until conditions are fulfilled
Trust company, a financial institution offering banking, investment and estate administration services
Massachusetts business trust, a business created under trust law
Investment trust, a company that invests in other companies or properties
Business and legal
Massachusetts business trust
Investment trust
Land trust
Trust (business)
Trustee
Trustor
Trusteeship
Niamey is the capital city of the African country of Niger.
It is Niger's largest city.
The city is on the Niger River.
Naimey is the administrative, cultural and economic center of the country.
The city has 674,950 people.
The city is in a pearl millet growing region.
Manufacturing industries in the city include bricks, ceramic goods, cement and weaving.
Niamey was probably founded during the 18th century.
It was of little importance until the French created a colonial post there in the 1890s.
The city grew quickly after that happened.
In 1926, it became the capital of Niger.
The number of people grew slowly from about 3,000 people in 1930 to around 30,000 in 1960, 250,000 in 1980 and 675,000 in 2002.
The major cause of the increase has been immigration during droughts.
Things to see in the city include the Niger National Museum.
The museum includes a zoo, a museum of vernacular architecture, a craft centre, and displays including dinosaur skeletons and the Tree of Ténéré.
The city also has American, French and Nigerien cultural centres, two major markets, and a traditional wrestling arena .
Cities in Niger
The Basic Roman spelling of English is a 2002 proposal for regular English spelling.
It is based on five principles:
The basic Roman alphabet, with no additional letters or diacritics used;
One spelling, with no phoneme (sound) written by two or more graphemes (letters);
Short vowels are spelled by single letters, while long vowels and diphthongs are spelled by two-letter combinations;
Diphthongs are spelled by their components, and long vowels either as diphthongs or by doubling the letters of the short vowels;
Short vowels and consonants are spelled as in the tradition of most Romanized languages.
The Basic Roman system serves no particular standard of English pronunciation.
Instead, it gives one way to spell the different varieties of English.
The system uses 22 Roman letters to represent the set of English phonemes considered by J.C. Wells.
The letters ‘j’, ‘q’, ‘w’ and ‘x’ are not used (letters ‘j’ and ‘w’ are used in an extended version of the Basic Roman spelling, see below).
By way of illustration, the following reference text by V. Yule is given in traditional spelling and in Basic Roman (shown is the non-rhotic version; in the rhotic one, relevant words like ‘daughter’, ‘heart’, ‘pictures’ etc.
are spelled ‘dootar’, ‘haart’, ‘pikcharz’ etc.):
Once upon a time, the beautiful daughter of a great magician wanted more pearls to put among her treasures. “
Look through the centre of the moon when it is blue,” said her royal mother in answer to her question. “
You might find your heart’s desire.”
The fair princess laughed, because she doubted these words.
Instead, she used her imagination, and moved into the photography business, and took pictures of the moon in colour. “
I perceive most certainly that it is almost wholly white,” she thought.
She also found that she could make enough money in eight months to buy herself two lovely huge new jewels too.
Uans apon a taym, da byutiful doota av a greyt madzhishan uontid moo paalz tu put amang haa trezhaz. “
Luk tru da senta av da muun huen it iz bluu,” sed haa royal mada in ansa tu haa kueschan. “
Yu mayt faynd yoo haats dizaya.”
Da fea prinses laaft, bikoz shi dautid diyz waadz.
Insted, shi yuzd haa imadzhineyshan, and muuvd intu da fotografi biznis, and tuk pikchaz av da muun in kala. “
Ay paasiyv moust saatanli dat it iz olmoust houli wayt,” shi toot.
Shi olsou faund dat shi kud meyk inaf mani in eyt mants tu bay haaself tuu lavli hyudzh nyu juualz tuu.
A more elaborate version of the system is the Extended Basic Roman spelling of English, which uses also the letters ‘j’ and ‘w’, and has two specific two-letter combinations for the English voiced and voiceless dental fricatives.
The above sample text would appear in Extended Basic Roman (non-rhotic version) as follows:
Wans apon a taym, dha byutiful doota av a greyt majishan wontid moo paalz tu put amang haa trezhaz. “
Luk thru dha senta av dha muun hwen it iz bluu,” sed haa royal madha in ansa tu haa kweschan. “
Dha fea prinses laaft, bikoz shi dautid dhiyz waadz.
Insted, shi yuzd haa imajineyshan, and muuvd intu dha fotografi biznis, and tuk pikchaz av dha muun in kala. “
Ay paasiyv moust saatanli dhat it iz olmoust houli wayt,” shi thoot.
Shi olsou faund dhat shi kud meyk inaf mani in eyt manths tu bay haaself tuu lavli hyuj nyu juualz tuu.
Apart from respelling of English, the Basic Roman could also be used as the target spelling of a universal algorithm for the designing of superior, user-friendly Romanization systems transliterating and transcribing a variety of languages.
This ‘streamlined approach’ has been successfully tested in the case of Bulgarian language, with the 1995 Streamlined System for the Romanization of Bulgarian becoming established in Bulgaria (eventually codified in a 2009 law), and adopted also by UN in 2012, and for official US and UK use by BGN and PCGN in 2013.
Recently this approach has been used to design the 2017 Streamlined System for the Romanization of Russian aimed at replacing the plethora of systems currently occurring in the non-academic practice of transliteration of Russian Cyrillic.
Roman Phonetic Alphabet for English
The Roman Phonetic Alphabet for English is a system based on the Extended Basic Roman spelling of English.
It includes two pairs of stress marks which disambiguate words which share the same spelling but have different meanings.
This is to get a one-to-one phoneme (sound)–grapheme (spelling) correspondence.
The system has certain similarities to the systems of the NBC Handbook of Pronunciation, the Carnegie Mellon version of Arpabet alphabet, and the World Book Dictionary.
Primary stress is indicated by the mark <’>, respectively <”> in the case of \\ and \\.  Secondary stress is shown by <,> and <„> respectively.
Stress marks are placed before the syllables concerned.
Once upon a time, the beautiful daughter of a great magician wanted more pearls to put among her treasures.
“Look through the centre of the moon when it is blue,” said her royal mother in answer to her question.
“You might find your heart’s desire.”
Instead, she used her imagination, and moved into the photography business, and took pictures of the moon in colour.
“I perceive most certainly that it is almost wholly white,” she thought.
”Wans a’pon a taym, dha ’byutiful ’doota av ”a greyt ma’jishan ’wontid moo ”paalz tu put a”mang ”haa ’trezhaz.
“Luk thru dha ’senta av dha muun hwen it iz bluu,” sed ”haa ’royal ’madha in ’ansa tu ”haa ’kweschan.
“Yu mayt faynd yoo ’haats di’zaya.”
Dha fea ’prinses ’laaft, bi’koz shi ’dautid dhiyz ”waadz.
Insted, shi yuzd ”haa i,maji’neyshan, and muuvd intu dha fo’tografi biznis, and tuk ’pikchaz av dha muun in ”kala.
“Ay paa’siyv moust ”saatanli ’dhat it iz olmoust houli wayt,” shi thoot.
Shi olsou faund ’dhat shi kud meyk i”naf ”mani in eyt ”manths tu bay haa’self tuu ”lavli hyuj nyu ’juualz tuu.
Wadjet is a goddess in Egyptian mythology.
She was often shown in art as a cobra and was the protector of lower Egypt.