the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
1975 – Charles Reidpath, American athlete (b. 1887)
1978 – Anastas Mikoyan, Soviet politician (b. 1895)
1980 – Hans Asperger, Austrian psychologist who discovered Asperger's Syndrome (b. 1906).
1980 - Vulko Cherenkov, Bulgarian politician (b. 1900)
1984 – François Truffaut, French movie director (b. 1932)
1985 - Dan White, American politician (b. 1946)
1986 – Lionel Murphy, Australian Labor Party politician and High Court judge (b. 1922)
1990 - Walther Sommerlath, German businessman, father of Queen Silvia of Sweden (b. 1901)
1993 – Melchior Ndadaye, President of Burundi (b. 1953)
1995 – Shannon Hoon, lead singer of pop band Blind Melon (b. 1967)
1995 - Maxene Andrews, American singer (b. 1916)
1995 – Jesús Blasco, Spanish comic book writer (b. 1919)
1996 - Georgios Zoitakis, Greek army general and regent (b. 1910)
1998 - Francis W. Sargent, Governor of Massachusetts (b. 1915)
1999 – Lars Bo, Danish artist and writer (b. 1924)
2003 – Fred Berry, American actor (b. 1951)
2003 – Luis A. Ferré, former governor of Puerto Rico (b. 1904)
2003 – Louise Day Hicks, US politician (b. 1916)
2003 – Elliott Smith, American musician (b. 1969)
2006 – Sandy West, American musician (b. 1959)
2010 – Loki Schmidt, German environmentalist and wife of Helmut Schmidt (b. 1919)
2011 - Edmundo Ros, Trinidadian musician (b. 1910)
2012 - George McGovern, American politician (b. 1922)
2012 - Yash Chopra, Indian movie director, screenwriter and producer (b. 1932)
2014 - Gough Whitlam, 21st Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1916)
2014 - Benjamin C. Bradlee, American journalist (b. 1921)
2014 - Mohammad-Reza Mahdavi Kani, Iranian politician and cleric (b. 1931)
2014 - Seth Gaaikema, Dutch comedian and writer (b. 1939)
2014 - Lilli Carati, Italian actress (b. 1956)
2015 - Marty Ingels, American actor (b. 1936)
2016 - Manfred Krug, German actor (b. 1937)
2017 - Martin Eric Ain, American-Swiss musician (b. 1967)
2017 - Emilio D'Amore, Italian politician (b. 1915)
2017 - Rosemary Leach, English actress (b. 1935)
2017 - Lech Ordon, Polish actor (b. 1928)
2017 - Denise P. Barlow, British geneticist (b. 1950)
2017 - Judith McGrath, Australian actress (b. 1947)
2017 - Gilbert Stork, American organic chemist (b. 1921)
2018 - Earl Bakken, American inventor and museum founder (b. 1924)
2018 - Ilie Balaci, Romanian footballer and manager (b. 1956)
2018 - Harry L. Ettlinger, American engineer (b. 1926)
2018 - Robert Faurisson, British-French journalist, academic and Holocaust denier (b. 1929)
2018 - Joachim Ronneberg, Norwegian military officer and broadcaster (b. 1919)
2018 - Jun-ichi Nishizawa, Japanese electrical engineer (b. 1926)
2018 - Charles Wang, Chinese-born American software engineer, philanthropist and sports team owner (b. 1944)
2019 - Gilberto Aceves Navarro, Mexican painter and sculptor (b. 1931)
2019 - Bengt Feldreich, Swedish television journalist (b. 1925)
2019 - Taras Kutovy, Ukrainian politician (b. 1976)
2019 - Lho Shin-yong, Prime Minister of South Korea (b. 1930)
2019 - Aila Meriluoto, Finnish poet (b. 1924)
Observances
International Day of the Nacho (Mexico and the United States)
National Nurses' Day (Thailand)
Overseas Chinese Day (Republic of China)
Apple Day (UK)
Days of the year
The telephone number 1-1-2 (or 112) is the standard European Union (EU) emergency telephone number, it works in every country of the EU, for land lines and mobile phones.
It is also used in some other countries as an emergency telephone number for both mobile and fixed-line telephones.
112 is also the international emergency telephone number for all GSM mobile phone networks.
It does not necessarily work on other mobile phone technologies outside the EU.
Countries that use 112
(alongside 122 for Police, 123 for Ambulance and 180 for Fire)
(Police only; alongside 114 for Ambulance and 115 for Fire)
(Police and fire brigade; 912 for Ambulance)
(alongside 17 for Police, 18 for Fire, and 15 for Ambulance)
(alongside 10111 for Police)
(fire dep.
101, police dep.
102, ambulance 103)
(alongside 102 for Police, 103 for Ambulance , alongside 112 , 911 forwards to 112 on GSM carriers only)
(A recorded guidance about the correct SOS numbers in China: Police 110, Ambulance 120, Fire 119.
NO SERVICE will be redirected.)
(Automatically connects to the 999 emergency call centre from any local mobile phone network that has coverage in the location)
(alongside 100 for Police, 101 for Fire, 108 for Ambulance and 102 for Emergency Disaster Management Now in India 112 is emergency for all including for Ambulance and Fire )
(alongside 110 for Police, 118 for Ambulance and 113 for Fire)
(alongside 110 for Police, 115 for Ambulance, 112 for Hilal Ahmar Ambulance and 125 for Fire; 911 is redirected to 112 on mobile phones)
(Redirects to 100 – Police – and will serve the planned unified center.
alongside 100 for Police, 101 for Ambulance and 102 for Fire).
(alongside 911)
(alongside 101 for Fire, 102 for Police and 103 for Ambulance)
(alongside 112)
(Police only; alongside 160 for Police, 140 for Ambulance and 125 for Fire)
(alongside 999)
(Redirects to 999 on mobile phones)
(alongside 102 for Police, 103 for Ambulance and 105 for Fire)
(Police only; alongside 100 for Police, 101 for Fire and 102 for Ambulance)
102, police dep.
100, ambulance 101)
(Police only; alongside 119 for Ambulance and Fire)
(Police only; alongside 119 for Police and 110 for Ambulance and Fire)
(Police only; alongside 110 for Ambulance and 113 for Fire)
(After call is connected, press 0 redirects 110 (police), press 9 redirects 119 (fire/rescue/ambulance) )
(alongside 999 for Police, 998 for Ambulance and 997 for Fire)
(alongside 9999 for Royal Police (All emergencies))
(alongside 129 and 126 for Police, 127 for Ambulance, 128 for Fire and 125 for Maritime Rescue)
(Ambulance and Fire, alongside 118 for same services and 110 for Police)
(Police only; alongside 122 for Fire, 133 for Police,144 for Rescue/Ambulance, 140 for Mountain Resuce and 141 - Doctors; 059 133 is the non-emergency number for any local police department)
(Fire only; alongside 101 for Fire, 102 for Police, and 103 for Ambulance)
(only in French, Dutch and English (in some cases in German) ) (Ambulance and Fire; alongside 100 for same services and 101 for Police)
(alongside 122 for Police, 123 for Fire and 124 for Ambulance)
(only in Bulgarian, English, French, German, Italian, Spanish, Greek, Romanian, Turkish, or Russian)(alongside 150 for Ambulance, 160 for Fire and 166 for Police automatically redirected to 112)
(alongside 192 for Police, 193 for Fire, 194 for Ambulance and 195 for Maritime search and rescue)
(alongside 199)
(only in Czech, English, German, Polish, Russian and French(not by themselves, but by aid of translation software)) (alongside 155 for Ambulance, 158 for Police and 150 for Fire)
(in Danish, English, Swedish and Norwegian (in some cases in German)) (including  in Kalaallisut/Greenlandic, Danish and English,  in Faroese, Danish and English).
Alongside 114 for non-emergency police.
(including )
(alongside 15 for Ambulance, 17 for Police and 18 for Fire)
(alongside 110 for Police)
(alongside 190 for Fire and Ambulance and 199 for Police)
(alongside 100 for the police, 108 for port police, 166 for Ambulance and 199 for the fire service)
(alongside 104 for Ambulance, 105 for Fire and 107 for Police is redirected to 112 on mobile phones)
(most of Italy has 112 for Carabinieri, 113 for National Police, 115 for Fire, 118 for Ambulance, 1530 coast guard, 1515 State Forestry Corps, 117 Finance Guard and 1544 penitentiary police; a few provinces use 112 for all emergencies)
(alongside 192 for Police, 193 for Fire and 194 for Ambulance)
(alongside 110 for Police, 113 for Ambulance and 114 for Emergency gas service)
(Police only; alongside 117 for Police, 144 for Ambulance and 118 for Fire)
(alongside 011 for Fire, 022 for Police and 033 for Ambulance)
(alongside 113 for Police)
(sole emergency number since 1 July 2018, replacing 901 for Fire, 902 for Police and 903 for Ambulance)
(0900-8844 is the non-emergency number for any local police department)(In the Caribbean Netherlands 112 redirects to 911, whereas in the European Netherlands 911 redirects to 112)
(alongside 192 for Police, 193 for Fire, 194 for Ambulance)
(112 for Police only, 110 for Fire and 113 for Ambulance.
Calls to any of the emergency numbers will be redirected to appropriate service when needed.
02800 is the non-emergency number for any local police department)
(its used alongside 999 for Ambulance, 998 for Fire, and 997 for Police; both options are available; 112 is used for all emergencies)
(117 for reporting forest fires)
(alongside 101 for Fire, 102 for Police, 103 for Ambulance and 104 for Emergency gas service)
(alongside 192 for Police, 193 for Fire, and 194 for Ambulance)
(alongside 155 for Ambulance, 158 for Police, 150 for Fire and 18300 for Mountain Rescue Service)
(alongside 091/062/092 for Police, 061 for Ambulance and 080 and 085 (in some provincial consortium) for Fire)
(alongside 114 14 Police number for non-urgent matters)
(alongside 117 for Police, 144 for Ambulance and 118 for Fire)
(alongside 101 for Fire, 102 for Police, 103 for Ambulance and 104 for Emergency gas service; in some cities 112 and 911 are additionally for all emergencies)
(alongside 113 for National Police, 115 for Fire and 118 for Ambulance)
(redirects to 911 on certain phone operating systems only)
(alongside 911; 104 for Police and 103 for Fire)
(alongside 911, 112 forwards to 911 on GSM carriers only, including AT&T and T-Mobile.)
(redirects to 000 from mobile phones)
(redirects to 111)
(alongside 911; redirects to 190 – Military Police – alongside 193 for Fire, 190 for Military Police, and 192 for Ambulance)
(alongside 911; redirects to 133 - police)
(Police only; alongside 123 for all emergencies, 125 for Ambulance and 119 for Fire)
000 Emergency
EU document on European adoption of 112 emergency number  in PDF format
Emergency phone numbers
A government-in-exile is a group of people who claim they are the real government of a country, but who live in another country.
These were common during World War II.
The Germans took over several countries, and the leaders of those countries went to England for refuge.
Today, there are some governments-in-exile.
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR) in the Tindouf region in Algeria
the government of the Belarus National Republic exiled since 1920 and currently led by Ivonka Survilla in Canada
the government of the Dalai Lama in India, claiming to be the real leaders of Tibet, which was taken over by the Chinese
the former provinsional Bangladeshi government was exiled, claiming to be the real leaders of East Bengal province, which was taken over by the Pakistani military.
Stonehenge is a prehistoric World Heritage Site of megaliths eight miles (13 kilometers) north of Salisbury in Wiltshire, England.
It was built between 3100 BC and 1550 BC, and was in use until the Bronze Age.
The monument is made of a henge, with standing stones in circles.
It is probably the most important prehistoric monument in the whole of Britain, and has attracted visitors from very early times.
Building Stonehenge
Stonehenge was built in three stages.
Most of the construction took place between 2640 and 2480 BC.
The first stage started around 3100 BC.
During this stage, people dug a circular ditch and a ring of 56 pits, known as Aubrey Holes.
The second stage started around 2100 BC.
During this stage, the Stonehenge builders brought huge pillars of rocks from Southwestern Wales and erected them into concentric circles around the centre of the site.
This double circle was never completed, and it was dismantled during the third period of construction.
The final stage probably ended before 1500 BC.
During this period, the monument was remodeled.
Its builders erected a circle of 30 upright stones, weighing up to 50 tons each, capped by ring of stone lintels.
These enclosed a horseshoe-shaped formation of five pairs of upright stones, each pair capped with a stone lintel.
Using DNA analysis, scientists have discovered that the Stonehenge builders originated from modern-day Turkey.
The first stone circle was a set of 'bluestones'.
These stones are made of dolerite, an igneous rock.
The Stonehenge builders dug holes that held up to 80 standing stones (shown blue on the plan).
Only 43 of these can be traced today.
There are several theories about how these bluestones arrived at Stonehenge.
The long-distance human transport theory says the Stonehenge builders brought the bluestones from the Preseli Hills in modern-day Pembrokeshire, Wales - 160 miles (260 km) away from Stonehenge.
In 2011, a megalithic bluestone quarry was discovered at Craig Rhos-y-felin, near Crymych in Pembrokeshire.
This supported the long-distance human transport theory.
Another theory is that the Irish Sea Glacier brought the stones close to Stonehenge.
However, there is no evidence of glacial deposition within southern central England.
For that reason, this theory has less support than the long-distance human transport theory.
Sarsen stones
Later, around 2400 BC, the Stonehenge builders brought thirty huge grey sarsen stones (sandstone blocks) to the site.
They 'dressed' (worked on) the stones and gave them mortice and tenon joints.
They erected these stones in a circle 33 metres (108 ft) in diameter, with a ring of 30 lintel stones resting on top.
They fitted the lintels together using another woodworking method: the tongue and groove joint.
They arranged the remaining bluestones in an inner circle.
Each standing stone was about 4.1 metres (13 ft) high by 2.1 metres (6 ft 11 in) wide, and weighed about 25 tons.
The stones may have come from a quarry about 25 miles (40 km) north of Stonehenge on the Marlborough Downs.
It is also possible that they were collected from a "litter" of sarsens on the chalk downs, which are closer.
The modern Stonehenge consists entirely of original stones (some of which have been replaced in upright position).
Neighbouring sites
Bluehenge/Bluestonehenge: a new discovery, one mile to the southeast.
Durrington Walls: a Neolithic settlement two miles northeast of Stonehenge.
Normanton Down Barrows: a Neolithic and Bronze Age barrow cemetery.
Stonehenge Avenue: leads two miles from Stonehenge to Bluehenge on the River Avon.
Stonehenge Cursus: the largest monument in the area, not easily visible on the ground.
Woodhenge: found in 1925 by an aerial survey.
It had a henge and a wooden circle.
No one knows who built Stonehenge or why they built it.
During the summer solstice, the sunrise lines up with some of the stones in a particular way.
This suggests that the arrangement of stones may work as a calendar.
In Egypt and South America, similar ancient buildings can be found.
They also show the time of the solstice.
Some scientists believe that early people were able to foretell eclipses of the sun and the moon based on their positions in relation to the stone monument.
The site may have served as an observatory where early rituals or religious ceremonies took place on specific days on the year.
Stonehenge itself is owned by the Crown and managed by English Heritage.
The surrounding land is owned by the National Trust.
List of World Heritage Sites of the United Kingdom
Malone, Caroline.
Neolithic Britain and Ireland.
Tempus, Stroud, Gloucestershire.
Prehistoric buildings and structures
Buildings and structures in England
Religious buildings
Archaeological sites in Wiltshire
World Heritage Sites in the United Kingdom
Henges
Granite is a kind of igneous rock, found on Earth but nowhere else in the Solar System.
It is formed from hot, molten magma.
Its colour can be dark or light grey, brown, or even pink, according to the proportions of its minerals.
The magma is forced between other layers of rock by the pressure under the Earth's surface.
The magma cools and turns slowly into solid stone.
Granite has many different types of minerals in it.
These include quartz, feldspar,  hornblende, and sometimes mica.
As the magma cools, these minerals form crystals.
The crystals can be seen easily if the granite is cut and polished.
Granite is a common stone on Earth, and makes up a big part of the crust (the Earth's outer layer).
It is usually found in the continental plates of the Earth's crust.
Although it forms under the surface of the Earth, there are many places where it has been forced upwards by tectonic movement.
When plates in the Earth's crust move together, they get bent and pushed upwards.
When this happens, granite mountains can be formed.
Granite is dense, and can be cut, carved and shaped.
It is resistant to water and pollution, and has a range of different colours.
Kitchen benches are often made of polished granite.
Granite is found in many countries of the world.
Some countries have beautifully patterned granite which is quarried (cut in open mines) and sold for building material.
January 12 – The Nigerian Civil War ends.
February 1 – The Benavidez rail disaster near Buenos Aires, Argentina kills 236.
February 14 – The Who record the iconic live rock album Live at Leeds.
March 1 – Rhodesia declares itself a republic.
April 29 – The United States invades Cambodia.
May 4 – Kent State Shootings: Four students at Kent State University in Ohio are killed by National Guardsmen while protesting against the United States invading Cambodia.
May 31 – A major earthquake hits southern Peru, killing tens of thousands of people.
June 24 – The United States Senate repeals the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution of 1964.
June 28 – U.S. ground troops withdraw from Cambodia.
July 1 – The disputed Territories of Pakistan-administered Kashmir split to form Azad Kashmir and Gilgit Baltistan both of which are autonomous special areas of Pakistan.
September 11 – The Ford Pinto introduced.
September 21 – Monday Night Football debuts on ABC.
October 18 – Anwar el-Sadat officially becomes president of Egypt.
October 30 – Monsoon halts Vietnam War.
November 3 – Salvador Allende becomes president of Chile.
December 1 – Luis Echeverría becomes president of Mexico.
The first IMAX theatre opens in Japan
January 29 – Heather Graham, American actress
January 31 – Minnie Driver, British actress
February 28 – Daniel Handler, American writer (Lemony Snickets: A Series of Unfortunate Events)
March 5 – John Frusciante, American musician (Red Hot Chili Peppers)
March 18 – Queen Latifah, American singer, actress and model
March 27 – Mariah Carey, American singer
May 18 – Tina Fey, American screenwriter and actress
May 27 – Joseph Fiennes, English actor June 1 Alex Lalas Popular football player Alison Hinds Queen of Soca popular female  soca artiste Of Barbados
July 8 – Beck, American singer
July 23 – Charisma Carpenter, American actress
August 2 – Kevin Smith, American movie director
August 8 – Pascal Duquenne, Belgian actor
August 12 – Kristopher Schau, Norwegian singer
August 13 – Alan Shearer, English football player
August 20 – John Carmack, American video game creator
September 9 – Macy Gray, American singer and actress
October 2 – Kelly Ripa, American actress and talk show host
October 8 – Matt Damon, American actor
October 9 – Steve Jablonsky, American movie and television composer
October 15 – Pernilla Wiberg, Swedish skier
October 28 – Greg Eagles, African-American actor
October 29 – Phillip Cocu, Dutch footballer
October 29 – Edwin van der Sar, Dutch footballer
December 12 – Jennifer Connelly, American actress
December 18 – Rob Van Dam, American professional wrestler
December 24 – Sascha Fischer, German rugby player
December 29 – Glen Phillips, American singer and guitarist
January 5 – Max Born, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1882)
February 2 – Bertrand Russell, Welsh philosopher and mathematician (b. 1872)
February 27- Marie Dionne, one of the Dionne Quintuplets (b. 1934)
March 30 – Heinrich Brüning, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1885)
April 28 – Ed Begley, American actor (b. 1901)
May 12 – Nelly Sachs, German writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1891)
June 21 – Sukarno, first President of Indonesia (b. 1901)
July 24 - Beatrice Roberts, American actress (b. 1901)
July 27 – António de Oliveira Salazar, 12th President of Portugal (b. 1889)
August 10 – Alexander Gode, German-American linguist (b. 1906)
September 3 – Vince Lombardi, American football coach (b. 1913)
September 5 – Jochen Rindt, German racecar driver (b. 1942)
September 18 – Jimi Hendrix, American guitarist (b. 1942)
September 25 – Erich Maria Remarque, German writer (b. 1898)
September 28 – Gamal Abdel Nasser, President of Egypt (b. 1918)
September 29 - Edward Everett Horton, American actor (b. 1886)
October 4 – Janis Joplin, American rock singer (Mercedes Benz) (b. 1943)
November 4 – Friedrich Kellner, German writer (b. 1885)
November 9 – Charles de Gaulle, President of France (b. 1890)
December 30 – Sonny Liston, American boxer (b. 1932)
Nobel Prize in Physics won by Hannes Alfvén, Swedish electrical engineer, plasma physicist, and Louis Néel, a French physicist
Nobel Prize in Chemistry won by Luis Federico Leloir, Argentine physician and biochemist
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine shared by Sir Bernard Katz, Ulf von Euler, and Julius Axelrod for their work on neurotransmitters
Nobel Prize in Literature won by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, Russian writer
Nobel Peace Prize won by Norman Borlaug, American biologist and humanitarian
Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences – Paul Samuelson
Airport, starring Burt Lancaster and Dean Martin
The Aristocats, an animated movie by Walt Disney Productions
Love Story, winner of Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Drama
MASH, winner of Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or comedy
Patton, winner of 7 Academy Awards
Tora!
about the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941
"(They Long to Be) Close to You" – Carpenters
"Maybe I'm Amazed" – Paul McCartney
"After Midnight" – Eric Clapton
"Ain't No Mountain High Enough" – Diana Ross
"American Woman" – The Guess Who
"Amos Moses" – Jerry Reed
"Border Song (Holy Moses)" – Aretha Franklin
"Bridge Over Troubled Water" – Simon and Garfunkel
"Call Me" – Aretha Franklin
"Can't Stop Loving You" – Tom Jones
"Cecilia" – Simon and Garfunkel
"Celebrate" – Three Dog Night
"Close To You " – Carpenters
"Come And Get It" – Badfinger
"Come Together /Something " – The Beatles
"Cupid " – Johnny Nash
"Does Anybody Really Know What Time it is" – Chicago
"Down on the Corner" – Creedence Clearwater Revival
"El Condor Pasa" – Simon and Garfunkel
"Eli's Coming" – Three Dog Night
"Everybody's Out of Town" – B.J. Thomas
"Fire and Rain" – James Taylor
"For You Blue" – The Beatles
"Hand Me Down World" – The Guess Who
"Heaven Help Us All" – Stevie Wonder
"If You Could Read My Mind" – Gordon Lightfoot
"I'll Never Fall in Love Again" – Dionne Warwick
"Immigrant Song" – Led Zeppelin
"Indiana Wants Me – R. Dean Taylor
"Instant Karma (We All Shine On)" – John Lennon
"Isn't It a Pity" – George Harrison
"It Don't Matter to Me" – Bread
"It's a New Day (Parts 1 & 2)" – James Brown
"It's Only Make Believe" – Glen Campbell
"I've Lost You" – Elvis Presley
"Jam Up and Jelly Tight" – Tommy Roe
"Joanne" – Michael Nesmith & The First National Band
"Kentucky Rain" – Elvis Presley
"Leaving on a Jet Plane" – Peter, Paul and Mary
"Let It Be" – The Beatles
"Let Me Go to Him" – Dionne Warwick
"Lola " – The Kinks
"Lonely Days " – The Bee Gees
"Long and Winding Road" – The Beatles
"Looking Out My Back Door " – Creedence Clearwater Revival
"Love the One You're With" – Stephen Stills
"Mama Told Me (Not to Come)" – Three Dog Night
"Mississippi Queen" – Mountain
"My Sweet Lord" – George Harrison
"No Matter What" – Badfinger
"No Time " – The Guess Who
"Oh Happy Day" – Glen Campbell
"Only Love Can Break Your Heart" – Neil Young
"Out In the Country" – Three Dog Night
"Psychedelic Shack" – The Temptations
"Reach Out and Touch (Somebody's Hand)" – Diana Ross
"Remember Me" – Diana Ross
"Ride Captain Ride" – Blues Image
"See Me, Feel Me " – The Who
"Share the Land" – The Guess Who
"Signed, Sealed, Delivered, I'm Yours" – Stevie Wonder
"Snowbird" – Anne Murray
"Son of a Preacher Man" – Aretha Franklin
"Stoney End" – Barbra Streisand
"Summertime Blues" – The Who
"The Long and Winding Road" – The Beatles
"The Wonder of You" – Elvis Presley
"Travelin' Band" – Creedence Clearwater Revival
"We've Only Just Begun " – Carpenters
"What Is Truth?" –
"Whole Lotta Love " – Led Zeppelin
"Who'll Stop The Rain" – Creedence Clearwater Revival
"Your Song" – Elton John
Deliverance by James Dickey
Fantastic Mr Fox by Roald Dahl
Fire from Heaven by Mary Renault
Of a Fire on the Moon by Norman Mailer
The Guardians by John Christopher (Sam Youd)
Jonathan Livingston Seagull by Richard Bach
The Paper Chase by John Jay Osborn, Jr.
Syracuse is a city in the U.S. state of New York with a population of 147,306 in 2000, and a metropolitan area population of 732,117.
It is often called the "Salt City" because salt used to be the main industry.
Today, Syracuse is mostly known as a university city, but many companies have offices there, also.
County seats in New York
Syracuse, Sicily, a city in Italy on the island of Sicily
Syracuse, New York, an American city in the state of New York
Syracuse Crunch, an ice hockey team from the city in New York
Syracuse University, a university in the city in New York
A soap opera is a television or radio program that airs in episodic series.
This means that each episode continues telling a story, which, in turn, tells more of the last episode's story.
A single story on a soap opera can be told for weeks, months, or sometimes even years.
In America, each soap opera airs every day, Monday through Friday, in the afternoon.
Because they air at this time, they are sometimes called daytime serials.
In the U.K. and other countries, the soap operas air in the evening, twice or three times a week.
There are still two soap operas that air in Australia, Network Ten's Neighbours and the Seven Network's Home and Away.
Strangely, Neighbours is more popular in England than it is in Australia.
In the U.K., the most popular soap operas are Coronation Street and EastEnders.
Coronation Street is about people who live in Manchester, in the northern part of England.
EastEnders is about people who live in an imaginary place called Albert Square in the East End of London.
Another popular soap opera is Emmerdale, and it is about people who live in a small village in Yorkshire, also in the northern part of England.
In the 1970s Crossroads became the most watched soap in England.
It was shown from 1964 to 1988.
In Latin America (including Brazil) and Portuguese-speaking countries in Africa (like Angola), soap operas are called telenovelas.
Dorama
Television genres
The Young and the Restless is a very popular American soap opera.
The show is the highest-rated soap opera, which means that more people watch it than any other soap opera.
It aired its first episode on March 26, 1973.
It is set in fictional Genoa City, Wisconsin.
In the beginning, the show was about the Brooks family, who were very rich, and the Foster family, who were poor.
Today, very few members of either family are still on the show.
Today, the show tells stories about two cosmetics companies: Newman Enterprises and Jabot Cosmetics.
Newman's president is Victor Newman (played by the actor Eric Braeden) and Jabot's president is Jack Abbott (played by Peter Bergman).
These two men hate each other very much and would like to see the other fail.
This hatred is the root of much of the story on the show.
List of actors/characters on the show
1973 television series debuts
1970s American television series
1980s American television series
1990s American television series
2000s American television series
2010s American television series
American soap operas
Television series set in Wisconsin
CBS network shows
English-language television programs
Georgia is a state in the southeastern part of the United States.
It is bordered by Florida to the south, Alabama to the west, Tennessee and North Carolina to the north, and South Carolina to the east.
All of Georgia's coastline is on the Atlantic Ocean.
The ocean borders Georgia to the southeast.
Georgia was established in 1732 and became a state in 1788.
It was the last of the original 13 colonies and eventually joined in the growing rebellion against Britain.
Georgia was named after George II of Great Britain.
African Americans were enslaved in the state.
The 5 Regions of Georgia
There are 5 regional habitats of Georgia.
They are the Georgia mountains, Okeefenokee marsh/swamp area, the Georgia coastal region, the Georgia Piedmont, and Atlantic Coastal region .
Cities in Georgia
The capital and largest city in Georgia is Atlanta.
The 1996 Olympic Games took place there, and the book and movie Gone with the Wind was set in and around Atlanta in the 1860s.
Other big cities in the state include Augusta, Columbus, Savannah, and Macon.
Georgia has a total of 159 counties.
List of counties in Georgia
List of rivers of Georgia
1788 establishments in the United States
Prem Pal Singh Rawat (previously known as Maharaji, also known as Guru Maharaj Ji and Balyogeshwar) waku
s born in India on December 10, 1957.
Rawat is a self-help guru who teaches inner peace by the use of what he calls "self-knowledge".
His father was a spiritual master, guru (or teacher of religious matters) in India for three million people.
Prem Rawat took over at the age of eight when his father died.
He went to England and the United States when he was 13 years old in 1971.
He got married when he was 16 years old.
In 1975, he had a fight with his mother and brother.
They took over in India while Prem Rawat took over in America and the West.
Now he lives in California.
He shares self-knowledge for free, to help those interested to find inner peace.
Words of Peace Global
Prem Rawat's personal web site
The Prem Rawat Foundation
1957 births
Religious leaders
Indian people
Immanuel Kant (22 April 1724 – 12 February 1804) was a German philosopher.
He was born in Königsberg, East Prussia, and also died there.
Kant studied philosophy in the university there, and later became a professor of philosophy.
He called his system "transcendental idealism".
Kant's thorough writing about epistemology, metaphysics, ethics, and aesthetics have made him one of the most influential figures in the history of philosophy.
Today the town Königsberg is part of Russia, and is renamed Kaliningrad.
When Kant was alive, it was the second largest city in the kingdom of Prussia.
Immanuel Kant was born on April 22, 1724.
In 1740 he entered the University of Königsberg and studied the philosophy of Gottfried Leibniz and his follower Christian Wolff.
He studied there until 1746 when his father died, then left Königsberg to take up a job as tutor.
He became the tutor of Count Kayserling and his family.
In 1755 Kant became a lecturer and stayed in this position until 1770.
He was made the second librarian of the Royal Library in 1766.
Kant was eventually given the Chair of Logic and Metaphysics at the University of Königsberg.
In his entire life Kant never travelled more than seventy miles from the city of Königsberg.
Kant died on February 12, 1804 with the final words "Es ist gut" ("It is good").
After finishing his study in the university, Kant hoped to be a teacher of philosophy, but it was very difficult.
He could have lived a life of private lecturer as interested in physics, both astronomical objects (such as planets and stars) and the earth.
He wrote some papers about this, but he became more interested in metaphysics.
He wanted to learn the nature of human experience: how humans could know something, and what their knowledge was based on.
First doubts
Under the strong influence of the philosophical system of Leibniz and Wolff, Kant began to doubt the basic answers of past philosophers.
Then, Kant read a Scottish philosopher, David Hume.
Hume had tried to make clear what our experience had been, and had reached a very strong opinion called "skepticism", that there was nothing to make our experience sure.
Kant was very shocked by Hume, and saw the theory he had learned in a new point of view.
He began to try finding a third way other than the two that Kant called "skepticism" and "dogmaticism".
Kant read another thinker, named Jean-Jacques Rousseau.
His thought on human beings, especially on morals, human freedom and perpetual peace, impressed Kant.
The most-known work of Kant is the book Critique of Pure Reason (Kritik der reinen Vernunft) that Kant published in 1781.
Kant called his way of thought "critique", not philosophy.
Kant said that critique was a preparation for establishment of real philosophy.
According to Kant, people should know what human reason can do and which limits it has.
In the Critique of Pure Reason Kant wrote several limits of human reason, to both feeling and thinking something.
For sensation, there are two limits inside of human perception: space and time.
There are no physical objects, but the limitations of our mind that work whenever we feel something through our senses.
For thinking, he said there are twelve categories or pure rational concepts, divided into four fields: quantity, quality, relation and modality.
Kant thought human reason applied those ideas to everything.
Is what we think only our fantasy?
Kant said "No", although without those sensual and rational limitations, we can think nothing, then Kant was convinced there would be something we could not know directly behind our limitations, and even with limitations we could know something.
It can not be a personal fantasy either, since those limitations were common to all human reason before our particular experience.
Kant called what we could not know directly Ding an sich -- "thing itself".
We can think "thing itself" but cannot have any experience about it, nor know it.
God, the eternity of soul, life after death, such things belong to "thing itself", so they were not right objects of philosophy according to Kant, although people had liked to discuss them from ancient times.
Kant wrote two other books named Critique: Critique of the practical reason (1788) and Critique of the Judgement (1790).
In Critique of the practical reason Kant wrote about the problem of freedom and God.
It was his main work of ethics.
In Critique of the Judgement Kant wrote about beauty and teleology, or the problem if there was a purpose in general, if the world, a living creature had a reason to exist, and so on.
In both books, Kant said we could not answer those problems, because they were concerned with "thing itself".
Kant had a great influence on other thinkers.
In the 19th century, German philosophers like Fichte, Schelling, Hegel, Schopenhauer and writers like Herder, Schiller, and Goethe were influenced by Kant.
In the early 20th century Kant's ideas were very influential on one group of German philosophers.
They became known as the new-Kantians.
One of them, Windelband, said, "every philosophy before Kant poured into Kant, and every philosophy after Kant pours from Kant".
Stephen Plaquist's Glossary of Kantian Terminology
Kant's Ethical Theory Kantian ethics explained, applied and evaluated
All works of Kant
Kant in the Classroom (background information for Kant's lectures)
Immanuel Kant's works: text, concordances and frequency list
1724 births
1804 deaths
18th-century German philosophers
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An aunt is relationship that describes a woman who is a sibling of a parent or is married to a sibling of a parent.
Aunts are sometimes called Auntie or Aunty.
A man is a nephew to their Aunt and a woman is a niece.
An aunt is part of an extended family.
The child of an aunt's is a cousin.
Often the word aunt is used with people who are not related to show closeness or respect.
In many cultures there are different words to describe a person's mother's sister and father's sister.
In Latin a mother's sister is matertera while a father's sister is amita.
A maternal or paternal relative is one who is related through one's mother or father, respectively.
For example, a maternal aunt is the subject's mother's sister.
The in-law shares the in-law relationships of the spouse's relatives.
For example a aunt in-law could be the wife of the subject's uncle.
Aunt: the sister of someone's parent.
Half-aunt: the parent's half-sister.
Double half-aunt: a person who is a half sibling of both of the subjects parents.
Grandaunt /  great-aunt: the grandparent's sister.
Great-grandaunt / Great-great-uncle: the great-grandparent's full brother.
Aunt-in-law: the uncle's wife or the spouse's aunt.
Co-aunt-in-law: the spouse's uncle's wife.
Homer is the name of the Greek poet who wrote the epic poems the Iliad and the Odyssey.
These are the earliest works of Greek literature which have survived to the present day, and are among the greatest treasures of the ancient world.
They are a product of Mycenaean culture.
The Iliad tells the story of the Trojan war, which took place around 1190 BC.
The manuscripts of Homer were written much later, probably later than 800 BC.
The history
What makes the history of this period so difficult is that the Mycenaean civilization was followed by several hundred years of decline, from which little or no writing has survived.
This period, the Greek Dark Ages, ended around 800 BC, when once again we find Greek writing, though this time in their newly developed alphabetic script.
Therefore, there is a distinct possibility that the Homeric epics had a life, perhaps a long life, as oral literature, spoken by story-tellers.
We know little about Homer, and the later Greeks also knew little about him.
Some have doubted he was a real person; others think he was a woman.
A legend, has it that he was a blind poet who lived in Ionia.
There is no definite evidence for any of these ideas.
There is archaeological evidence that Troy existed.
The site of Troy has been discovered, and excavated.
Therefore, it is a fair guess that the epic began as a long oral poem based on the siege of Troy, but with details added and changed as time went on.
Homer's poetry is different from other poetry because it had to be short in order to be memorized.
The date of Homer, and the transcription
The date of Homer's existence is not known.
Herodotus said that Homer lived 400 years before his own time, which would place him at around 850 BC; but other ancient sources gave dates much closer to the time of the Trojan War.
The date of the Trojan War was given as 1194–1184 BC by Eratosthenes.
Today, "the date of Homer" means the date of the writing down the oral poems, rather than the life of Homer.
This is called the transcription date.
The language suggests that the earliest possible date for the transcription is 800 BC, and the latest possible date is 600 AD.
Ancient Greek poets
Donatien Alphonse François, Comte de Sade, (2 June 1740 – 2 December 1814), better known as the Marquis de Sade) was a French nobleman, writer and philosopher who was born in Paris.
The de Sade family were French nobility, who came from Provence.
Different members of the house held positions in the Church, and the French state at different times.
Once Donatien had grown up, he had troubles with the authorities several times.
He spent many years in prison and at a mental asylum.
Whipping a prostitute.
Drugging prostitutes and later forcing them to have group sex, and also engage in sodomy.
On one of his escapades, he "accidentally" raped a close relative of his, who was a nun.
This caused his family to drop him, and to hand him over to the authorities.
For this, he was sentenced to death (while being absent).
He later escaped the death penalty by moving to Italy.
The death penalty against him was later changed to a prison sentence.
In prison, he started to read about philosophy.
He also started to write down his ideas.
He tried to hide his writing, and also wrote in a very small print, so that the consumption of paper would not be noticed.
After the French Revolution, he got out of the asylum, but in 1803 was declared mentally ill (and again was sent to the asylum).
He died in the asylum in Val-de-Marne in 1814 at the age of 74.
The term 'sadism' was named after him.
It refers to the habit of getting pleasure from giving pain.
1740 births
1814 deaths
Bisexual people
French criminals
French LGBT people
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The Eurozone (also called Euro area or Euroland) is the set of countries in the European Union which have adopted the Euro (€) currency.
The European Central Bank is responsible for managing the supply of money within the eurozone and political decisions are taken by the "euro group", which is a meeting of the politicians from each euro country in charge of that country's economy.
Official members
Eurozone -Citizendium
At the far left, there is the red T-shirt.
Right of that is the blue one.
Then there is the yellow one.
And finally, at the far right is an orange T-shirt.
If the person then starts counting the shirts from the left, he would first see the red shirt.
So the red shirt is the first T-shirt.
The blue shirt is the second T-shirt.
The yellow shirt is the third one, and the orange T-shirt is the fourth one.
The first, second, third, and fourth in this case are ordinal numbers.
They result from the fact that the person has many objects, and they give them an order (hence 'ordinal').
The person then simply counts those objects, and gives the ordinal numbers to them.
In set theory, ordinals are also ordinal numbers people use to order infinite sets.
An example is the set  (or  for short), which is the set containing all natural numbers (including 0).
This is the smallest ordinal number that is infinite, and there are many more (such as  + 1).
A Gnome is a creature of myth.
Gnomes are elemental spirits of earth.
Gnomes are tiny, shaped like humans, with long beards.
A gnome is like a dwarf but smaller.
Gnomes like gems and mining.
The GNOME desktop is a desktop environment for computers running Unix and Unix-like computer operating systems.
A republic is a form of government that has no monarchy and no hereditary aristocracy.
It originates from Rome.
In 509 BC, the Romans overthrew the Roman Kingdom and established a republic, a government in which citizens elected representatives to rule on their behalf.
National sovereignty lies in the authority of the government, not in an emperor or monarch.
The word republic comes from the Latin words res publica,  meaning a "public thing".
For example, the United States and India are republics.
However, the United Kingdom and Canada are not republics since they have a monarch (Queen Elizabeth II in both cases).
Countries with a king or other monarch and free elections is called a constitutional monarchy, not republics.
A constitutional monarchy resembles a republic because the constitution has been amended to remove power from the monarch and install institutions conforming to a philosophy of republicanism.
That includes the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms, the Netherlands, Thailand, and countries in Scandinavia and elsewhere.
What makes a republic different is that its laws are made and enforced without royal authority.
The head of state in a republic is generally a person who has been chosen by the citizens by direct election or by a group of elected representatives to act as the top representative of the people.
In most republics, the head of state is called the president.
In some countries, the president is elected and has a lot of political power.
In others, the president does not hold much direct power but is important in the legal system for other reasons.
Sometimes, state is called a "republic" when its head is not called a "king".
For example, the Roman Empire had an "emperor" and the Dutch Republic had a "stadholder", but they worked as hereditary monarchs.
Licchavi, in India, was the first republic in the 6th and 5th centuries BCE.
The earliest republics that were much imitated later were Greek cities, for example democracy in Athens.
The biggest difference from the other city-states was that people chose their leaders by voting or by lottery.
Martin Luther (10 November 1483 in Eisleben - 18 February 1546 in Eisleben) was a German monk and theologian of Christianity.
He is credited with starting the Protestant Reformation.
As this happened, what are now called Protestant churches split from the Roman Catholic church.
He started the Lutheran Church, the first Protestant church.
Luther studied philosophy at the University of Erfurt.
In 1505, he entered into the Augustinian Order as a monk.
Luther studied theology and ancient languages in Erfurt.
In 1512 he became a doctor of theology in Wittenberg and began his lectures on the Psalms and Letters of Paul.
In October 1517, Luther wrote his 95 Theses.
Many people think that he put them on the door of a church in Wittenberg, but we do not know this for sure.
Instead, he published a copy.
He presented these to church officials at Worms Cathedral.
Luther called them The Disputation of Doctor Martin Luther on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences.
It questioned the teaching of the western Church and its ideas about penance, the authority of the Pope and the usefulness of "indulgences".
At that time, the Catholic Church was selling indulgences to get out of purgatory, and go right to Heaven after death.
They were selling indulgences for money for the dead so they could go to Heaven faster.
If that was true, it would mean that poor people would not be able to go to Heaven as quickly, but that the priests in the church would be rich from selling these things.
Luther thought that this was all wrong, and was against the Bible.
After studying the Letters of Paul, especially the Letter to Romans, Luther came up with an idea called "sola fide".
This means that faith is the only way that people can get salvation from God.
According to sola fide, this would mean that many church customs were useless, and should be cast away.
First, Luther believed that he could reform (change) the Roman Church from the inside (while still being a part of the Church) with his Theses, but the Papacy took his attitude as heresy and excommunicated him on June 15 1520 with a paper saying he did not have their permission to go to Heaven.
In October, Luther burned the paper in public, and showed he would not obey the Church unless they accepted his words.
Emperor Charles V Opened the imperial Diet of Worms on 22 January 1521 to hear the case.
For Luther, it was the last chance to say he had been wrong.
But he did not change his mind.
The Diet declared Luther an outlaw.
With the help of a friend, Luther hid in Wartburg Castle, near Erfurt.
In the castle, he translated the Bible.
First, he wrote the New Testament in German instead of the original Greek.
Later, he translated the Old Testament into German, too.
Until then, the Mass and the Bible were in Latin.
Very few people understood it.
Most people went to Mass, and did not understand what the priest said because they did not speak Latin.
Luther translated the Bible so that more people could read and understand it.
That way they were no longer depending on the priest to tell them what was in the Bible, but could read it themselves.
Luther started his own church, called the Lutheran Church, with his friend Philip Melanchthon.
Luther died in 1546.
From the Bible, Luther formed firm ideas about families.
Luther knew that what a child learned at home would greatly influence his life.
He said in Table Talks, "Sermons very little edify children, who learn little thereby; it is more needful they be taught and well instructed in schools, and at home, and that they be learned and examined what they have learned; this way profits much; 'tis very wearisome, but very necessary".
Luther also preached against the Catholic Church's demands that ministers cannot marry.
After hearing his preaching, many nuns wrote to him to ask for help in escaping their convents.
Luther helped nine nuns escape from a convent.
On April 4, 1524, Luther had a friend help the nuns sneak over the wall and then hid them in barrels on a wagon until they were out of the city.
One of these nuns was Katherine von Bora.
After finding husbands for the nuns whose families would not accept them, Luther had to find a husband for Katherine von Bora.
Katherine, however, not only rejected a match Luther arranged for her, but said she would accept only Luther or another pastor named Amsdorf as her husband.
At first Luther did not really like Katherine and thought "she was proud and haughty."
His feelings changed, though, and they married on June 13, 1525.