the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
Since 2009, an airplane plant in Tianjin in the People's Republic of China has also been making aircraft for Chinese airlines.
In June 2012, Airbus said that it would start making some A319, A320, and A321 planes in Mobile, Alabama.
The planes in the family can hold up to 220 passengers and they have a range of .
The range depends on the model.
The first plane in the A320 family was the A320, which was launched in March 1984.
It first flew on 22 February 1987 and the first A320 was delivered in 1988.
The family got bigger over time, and there are now three other aircraft in the family: the A321 (first delivered 1994), the A319 (1996) and the A318 (2003).
The A320 was the first airliner to have fly-by-wire flight control systems.
It was also the first commercial airliner to have side-stick controls. (
A side-stick is a small joystick which is used to fly the plane instead of a yoke.)
On 1 December 2010, Airbus announced a new version of the plane, called the A320neo.
With the A320neo, new engines will be used (the CFM International LEAP-X and the Pratt & Whitney PW1000G) and some improvements have been made to the outside of the plane.
Winglets have also been added, which Airbus calls Sharklets.
The A320neo will use 15% less fuel than the current A320.
Virgin America is the A320neo's launch customer.
As of 31 December 2011, 1,196 A320neo aircraft have been ordered by 21 airlines, which makes it the fastest-selling commercial aircraft in history.
As of June 2013, 5,635 Airbus A320 family aircraft have been delivered, and 5,443 of these are still being used.
As well as this, 4,014 planes are on order.
The A320 family's main rivals are the Boeing 737, 717, 757 and the McDonnell Douglas MD-80.
Although the 717 is not used on most airlines.
The A320 was the world's first commercial jet to use a small joystick, also called a sidestick, to fly it instead of a normal yoke (a steering-wheel like device).
This matched the new digital 'fly-by-wire' system, the first use of this in a civilian aircraft, which makes the A320 much easier and safer to fly.
The A320 also has a full "glass-cockpit", where most instruments in the cockpit (the front part of the plane where the pilot is) have been replaced by television screens.
Most of the technology first used on the A320 has been used in other Airbus aircraft made afterwards.
Other manufacturers, like Boeing, have also used much of the technology like a glass-cockpit and fly-by-wire in the Boeing 777.
The A319, A320 and A321 have engines made by two different companies; International Aero Engines (IAE) supply the V2500 and CFM International provide the CFM56.
Over 54% of A320s in the air today have CFM engines.
The significantly smaller A318 has either Pratt and Whitney PW6000 engines or CFM56-5.
The PW6000 was not as good as expected and this may have reduced the number of sales; several airlines cancelled their orders before the more efficient CFM engine arrived.
The A320 has been shortened to produce the A319 and stretched to produce the A321.
Recently it was shortened even more to make the A318.
However this version has not sold as well and the only large operator is Frontier Airlines.
These different versions are known as "A320 derivatives".
When talking about all of them, they are known as the "A320 family" or "A32x".
Changes in size are done by removing or adding sections of fuselage (the part of the aircraft passengers sit in) and adjusting the power of the engines.
Airbus try to keep the airplanes the same where possible, to reduce operating costs.
Accidents and problems
The A320 has been very reliable in service.
Many early problems were caused by pilots not being use to the new "glass cockpit" and "fly-by-wire", but these no longer happen.
In recent years, the A320 has had a number of problems involving its front undercarriage.
The following accidents are some of those which have occurred since 1988:
June 26, 1988 - Air France Flight 296 crashed into the tops of trees beyond the runway on a demonstration flight at Habsheim, France.
Three passengers were killed.
February 14, 1990 - Indian Airlines Flight 605, an A320-231 carrying 146 people crashed on its final approach to Bangalore Airport, killing 88 passengers and four crew members.
January 20, 1992 - Air Inter Flight 148, an A320-111 crashed into a high ridge near Mount Sainte-Odile in the Vosges mountains while on final approach to Strasbourg at the end of a scheduled flight from Lyon.
This accident resulted in the deaths of 87 of the aircraft's occupants (five crew members, 82 passengers).
September 14, 1993 - Lufthansa Flight 2904, in Warsaw an A320-211 coming from Frankfurt am Main with 70 people crashed into an earth wall at the end of the runway.
A fire started in the left wing area and penetrated into the passenger cabin.
The copilot and a passenger died.
March 22, 1998, Philippine Airlines Flight 137, an A320-214 crashed and overran the runway of Bacolod City Domestic Airport, RPVB, in Bacolod, plowing through homes near it.
None of the passengers or crew died, but many were injured and three on the ground were killed.
August 23, 2000 - Gulf Air Flight 072, an A320-212 crashed into the Persian Gulf on approach to Bahrain Airport.
All 143 passengers and crew on board lost their lives.
May 3, 2006 - Armavia Flight 967, an A320-211 crashed into the Black Sea while attempting to conduct a go-around following its first approach to Sochi Airport, Russia.
All 113 passengers and crew on board lost their lives.
The accident was a Pilot error / Controlled flight into terrain accident.
July 17, 2007 - TAM Airlines Flight 3054, the A320-233 on the route, was not able to stop while landing at Congonhas International Airport in São Paulo, Brazil.
It then crashed into a warehouse and a fuel station near the airport.
The cause of the accident was the captain turning off the left engine and turning on the right engine to full, causing the plane to turn left and crash.
All 187 passengers and crew died with 12 fatalities on the ground.
May 30, 2008 - TACA Airlines Flight 390, the A320-233 from San Salvador overran the runway on its final approach to Toncontín International Airport in Tegucigalpa, Honduras, with bad weather conditions.
There were five fatalities, including two people on the ground.
On 28 July 2010 Airblue Flight 202, an Airbus A321 flying from Karachi to Islamabad, crashed in Margalla Hills in Islamabad, Pakistan.
The weather was poor with low visibility.
The aircraft collided with terrain after the crew ignored cockpit warnings to pull-up.
146 passengers and six crew were on board the aircraft.
The commander, Pervez Iqbal Chaudry, was one of Airblue's most senior pilots with more than 35 years' experience.
On 22 May 2020 Pakistan International Airlines Flight 8303 an, Airbus A320-200 flying from Allama Iqbal International Airport stalled while on a second approach after a failed landing to Jinnah International Airport in Karachi, Pakistan.
Of the 91 passengers and 8 crew on board the aircraft, 97 were killed, and two passengers survived with injuries.
Eight people on the ground were also injured in the accident, and one of them later died from her injuries.
Douglas DC-9
McDonnell-Douglas MD-80
Hawker-Siddley HS-121 Trident
Images of A320s
Airbus aircraft
A priest or priestess is a person who  is allowed to do religious rites.
Their office or position is the priesthood, a word which can also be used for such persons collectively.
In most religions and cultures in history there have been priests, although they have a lot of different names, and follow different rules.
A priest is a member of a church that has been told to look after his (spiritual) community.
He is the head of a parish.
Catholic priests are ordained (put in place) by the Pope (or in his absence: a bishop).
Orthodox priests are ordained by the Patriarch
Anglican priests are ordained by their bishop.
Most Protestant groups do not ordain priests.
To become a Catholic priest, you are required to study Theology.
The Orthodox and Protestant Churches also have laymen as clergy.
Catholic priests are not allowed to marry meaning that they have to be celibate.
Orthodox priests can be married, but they must not marry after they become a priest.
Anglican priests can get married before or during the time they are a priest.
The Catholic Church does not allow women to become priests.
However, some Anglican Churches allow women to be priests.
Higher priests are called Bishops and Archbishops in the Anglican Church.
John Sentamua and Rowan Williams are the archbishops of York and Canterbury.
In some denominations only men can become priests.
The Orthodox Church has a higher priest called a Patriarch.
The Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria, like the Roman Catholic Church has a Pope, Pope Tawadras.
In Japan there are Buddhist priests and nuns, Shinto priests and priestesses (kannushi) as well as clergy in the Christian traditions.
The Red Sea is a sea between the Arabian Peninsula of Asia in the northeast and Africa in the southwest.
It is a part of the Indian Ocean.
The Red Sea is about 2200 km long and  less than 330 km wide.
Many ships go through the Red Sea because the Suez Channel at the north end connects the Red Sea to the Mediterranean Sea.
Bab-el-Mandeb in the south is a gate to the Indian Ocean.
Ports include Suez, Port Sudan, Massawa, Yanbu al-Bahr, Jeddah, Aqaba and Eilat.
The Red Sea has that name because it sometimes looks red from the red algae.
The water has more salt and is clearer than water of most other seas because almost no rivers run into it.
The climate is dry and warm.
Many people, including those from Europe, like to vacation there.
Some of them are divers and want to see the beautiful coral reefs and fish.
Seaside resorts include Sharm el-Sheikh, Eilat or Hurghada.
Seas of the Indian Ocean
+9203484674251 following is a list of country calling codes.
These are area codes for telephone numbers.
Zone 1 - North American Numbering Plan Area
For more information please see nanpa.com
Zone 2 - Mostly Africa
Zone 3 - Europe
Zone 4 - Europe
Zone 5 - Mexico, Central and South America, West Indies
Zone 6 - South Pacific and Oceania
Zone 7 - Russia and its vicinity (former Soviet Union)
7 - Russia; Kazakhstan; Abkhazia (disputed with Georgia)
Zone 8 - East Asia and Special Services
Zone 9 - West, South and Central Asia, Middle East
Zone 0
0 - unused
http://www.lincmad.com/world.html
http://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-t/opb/sp/T-SP-LT.1-2015-PDF-E.pdf
http://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-t/opb/sp/T-SP-E.164D-2016-PDF-E.pdf
http://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-t/opb/sp/T-SP-E.164C-2011-PDF-E.pdf
http://www.wtng.info/
Charles Augustus Lindbergh (February 4, 1902 – August 26, 1974), known as "Lucky Lindy" and "The Lone Eagle", was a pioneering United States airplane pilot.
He became famous for making the first solo non-stop flight across the Atlantic Ocean in 1927.
Lindbergh was born in Detroit, Michigan.
He grew up in Little Falls, Minnesota.
His father, Charles August Lindbergh, was a lawyer and later a U.S. congressman, who was against the United States entering into World War I. His mother was a teacher.
While he was young, he was interested in machines.
In 1922 he joined a pilot training program with Nebraska Aircraft, bought his own airplane, and became a stunt pilot.
In 1924, he started training as a pilot with the United States Army Air Corps.
After finishing first in his class, Lindbergh took his first job as pilot of an airmail route in St. Louis.
He flew the mail in an airplane.
First solo flight across the Atlantic Ocean
Lindbergh gained fame around the world as the first pilot to fly solo (alone) and non-stop across the Atlantic Ocean.
He flew from Roosevelt Airfield (Nassau County, Long Island), New York, USA to Paris, France on May 20-21, 1927 in his single-engine airplane The Spirit of St. Louis.
He needed 33.5 hours for the trip.
When he arrived back in the United States, many warships and aircraft escorted him to Washington, D.C. where President Calvin Coolidge gave him the Distinguished Flying Cross.
Lindbergh's act won him the Orteig Prize, which was 25,000 US dollars.
A parade was held for him on 5th Avenue in New York City on June 13, 1927.
At the end of the year, he was named Time's first Man of the Year.
Medal of Honor citation
Lindbergh's Medal of Honor recognized that he had done something unique.
This is one of only two medals given for conduct during peacetime.
For displaying heroic courage and skill as a navigator, at the risk of his life, by his nonstop flight in his airplane, the "Spirit of St. Louis," from New York City to Paris, France, 20-21 May 1927, by which Capt.
Lindbergh not only achieved the greatest individual triumph of any American citizen but demonstrated that travel across the ocean by aircraft was possible.
Lindbergh married Anne Morrow in 1929.
In 1932 he made headlines again, when his baby son, Charles Lindbergh III, was kidnapped and murdered.
Bruno Hauptmann was convicted of the crime and later put to death in the electric chair.
The Lindberghs later moved to Europe.
He died of lymphoma on August 26, 1974 in Hawaii.
Lindbergh's legacy is, in part, his unique solo flight which changed public opinion about the value and significance of aircraft and air travel.
In greater part, his legacy developed from what he did with his status and fame.
He used his celebrity to advance aviation across the world.
1902 births
1974 deaths
Writers from Detroit, Michigan
A pilot is a person that drives a vehicle (form of transportation) such as an airplane, spacecraft, or boat.
All types of pilots must pass a number of tests and obtain a license before they can operate the vehicle.
The pilot of a flying machine is usually in charge for the whole trip.
A ship pilot usually only guides the ship through an especially difficult place such as a harbor.
Occupations in aviation
Charles August Lindbergh, Sr. (
January 20, 1859 – May 24, 1924),  was a United States Congressman for 6th District of Minnesota  from 1907 to 1917.
He was the father of Charles Lindbergh.
Larson, Bruce L. Lindbergh of Minnesota: A Political Biography.
New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc., 1973. .
They are a part of the Kingdom of Denmark, but have had local (autocratic) rule since 1948, and people in the Faroe Islands have had the right to do business with people from all countries since 1856.
Most government matters are controlled by the Faroese government, except for military defense.
The Faroes have similarities to Iceland, Shetland, the Orkney Islands, the Outer Hebrides and Greenland.
The island group, or archipelago, left Norway in 1815.
The Faroes have their own representatives in the Nordic Council.
The first recorded evidence of people living in the Faroe Islands was written in the 9th century.
Irish monks had lived here.
Administratively, the islands are divided into 34 municipalities within which there are 120 or so cities and villages.
Traditionally, there are also the six sýslur ("regions"; Norðoyar, Eysturoy, Streymoy, Vágar, Sandoy and Suðuroy).
The Faroe Islands are eighteen islands off the coast of Northern Europe, between the Norwegian Sea and the north Atlantic Ocean.
Its area is 1,399 square kilometres (540 sq.
mi), and has no major lakes or rivers.
There are 1,117 kilometres (694 mi) of coastline, and no land boundaries with any other country.
The only island that does not have anybody living on it is Lítla Dímun.
Distances to nearest countries and islands
Sula Sgeir (uninhabited, Scotland): 240 km (149 mi)
Shetland (Scotland): 280 km (174  mi)
Scotland (British Mainland): 310 km (193 mi)
Iceland: 450 km (280 miles)
Norway: 675 km (419 miles)
Ireland: 678 km (421 miles)
Fish, raising sheep, and tourism are important parts of the economy of the Faroe Islands.
The economy was in trouble around 1990.
Unemployment decreased in the later 1990s.
It was down to about 6% at the end of 1998.
By June 2008 unemployment had declined to 1.1%, before rising to 3.4% in early 2009.
However, since fishing is so important to the economy, if there are problems with fishing, the economy could be in trouble Since 2000, new business projects have been created in the Faroe Islands to attract new investment.
The introduction of Burger King in Tórshavn was widely publicized but no one knows how things will go for this company.
Trades on the islands are easy by the bridges or the tunnels that connect 80% of the population in the islands.
Population (1327-2004)
Ólavsøka
The national holiday Ólavsøka, is on 29 July.
It commemorates the death of Saint Olaf.
The celebrations are held in Tórshavn.
They start on the evening of the 28th, and go until 31 July.
The official part of the celebration starts on the 29th, with the opening of the Faroese Parliament.
In the day there is a procession with many people from the churches in the islands.
The Nordic House in the Faroe Islands
The Nordic House in the Faroe Islands () is the most important cultural institution in the Faroes.
It supports Nordic and Faroese culture, locally and in the Nordic region.
The House is managed by a director changed every four years.
Eivør (Eivør Pálsdóttir)
Lena (Lena Andersen)
Teitur (Teitur Lassen)
Høgni Lisberg
Brandur Enni
Gestir
Clickhaze.
Summartónar,each summers.
Festival in Gøta in July.
Summarfestivalurin in Klaksvík in August.
Traditional Faroese food is mainly based on meat and potatoes and uses few fresh vegetables.
A very important meat in the islands is lamb, the first ingredient of many dishes.
Other typical dishes from the islands are fresh fish, blubber, whale, seabirds, and Faroese puffins and their eggs.
The climate is defined as Maritime Subarctic, with not hot summers, and with cold winters.
Usually there is fog or a heavy wind that causes air traffic problems.
Animals and vegetation in the islands
There are more sheep than people in the Faroe Islands.
The islands have no native mammals, because the islands are far away from land.
Many species of birds live sometimes in the islands, like eider, starling, wren, guillemot, and black guillemot.
Only a few species of wild land seals live in the Faroe Islands today, the grey seals.
Sometimes tourists can see whales in the waters near the islands.
Grey Seals are very common around the Faroese shores.
The natural vegetation of the Faroe Islands is like in the Scottish islands or in Ireland.
It is mostly wild flowers, grasses, moss and lichen.
Flick photo set
National Library of the Faroe Islands
Introduction to the Faroe Islands
Photo-gallery of Faroe Islands
Official site of the Nordic House in the Faroe Islands
Faroephotos
Pictures from the Faroe Islands
1948 establishments in Europe
Faroese is the Germanic language of the Faroe Islands spoken by about 70,000 people.
The language came from Old Norse which was spoken in the Middle Ages.
Faroese is the most similar to Icelandic.
The alphabet has 29 letters that come from the Latin alphabet.
Faroese numbers
Laura Ingalls Wilder (February 7, 1867 - February 10, 1957) was an American writer.
She was born in Wisconsin and spent her childhood in Missouri and Kansas.
She became a teacher in South Dakota at age 16.
Wilder is best known as the author of the Little House on the Prairie series of books.
A TV series, Little House On the Prairie, was inspired by the story of her life as told in her books.
The series starred Melissa Gilbert as Laura and Michael Landon as Charles 'Pa' Ingalls.
Little House Wiki: Laura Ingalls Wilder
1867 births
Writers from Wisconsin
Mestizos have existed since the time when Spain controlled much of what is now Latin America.
A mestizo was usually the son of a Spanish father and a Native American mother.
Mestizos form the largest part of the population in some Latin American nations, a large minority of mestizos makes up most of the population in Mexico, which is the Spanish-speaking nation with the largest population in the world.
During the colonial era, many Native Americans were converted to Roman Catholicism and began using the Spanish language instead of their traditional one.
This was because of the concept that existed in the Spanish colonies which gave more "value" to European people over Native Americans and Africans.
Because of this, many Native Americans gained better social status by calling themselves "mestizos" instead of "indios."
Indo-Mestizo
Indo-Mestizo (also known as Cholo) is a Spanish term for a person who is around 3/4 Native American and 1/4 Caucasian ancestry and an unfortunate derogatory term used by the European cast system for racial discrimination against Original Native people https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casta
Indo-Mestizos term is a racial slur used  mostly to discriminate against Original Native people  in Eastern and Southern Mexico, much of Northern Central America,in South American West Pacific Side Ecuador, Peru, Chile Colombia and Bolivia
Famous Indo-Mestizos include Maya Zapata, George Lopez, and Danny Trejo.
They are so called because of their appearance, not because of known genetic background.
The Royal Air Force (sometimes called RAF, its acronym), is the air force of the United Kingdom.
The RAF began in 1918 when the Royal Flying Corps (spoken as 'core') and the Royal Naval Air Service joined together.
It is the oldest air force in the world.
The first man to lead the RAF was Hugh Trenchard.
The RAF has many bases across the world, including the UK, Falkland Islands, Cyprus and Gibraltar.
Some examples of the UK bases are RAF Lossiemouth in Scotland, RAF Valley in Wales, RAF Aldergrove in Northern Ireland and RAF Linton-on Ouse in England.
The RAF has very new planes including the Eurofighter Typhoon, Panavia Tornado and the BAe Systems Hawk.
The Hawk is used to train fast-jet pilots.
The RAF were very busy during World War II.
Many important planes were built for the RAF.
The Supermarine Spitfire and Hawker Hurricane helped defend Britain during the Battle of Britain.
The Avro Lancaster bomber attacked Germany with strategic bombing.
The RAF lost great numbers of pilots and aircraft, fighting around the world and especially against the Luftwaffe, the German Air Force.
241 Squadron RAF  1918 Great War Forum
The RAF website
pictures of RAF planes in action
1918 establishments in Europe
1910s establishments in the United Kingdom
Military of the United Kingdom
Tequila is a Latin American drink from Mexico that contains alcohol.
It is made from a plant called agave.
It contains about 40 percent alcohol, and is often used in bars and nightclubs to make mixed drinks such as the tequila sunrise or the Margarita.
It is also muggish
Alcoholic spirits
The Book of One Thousand and One Nights is an old cycle (or group) of stories that mostly come from Arabia and Persia, and a few also from India, Central Asia and China.
All these stories were later collected together.
There are different layers of the stories:
Uppermost is the story of Queen Scheherazade who needs to entertain her husband, the Sultan or King Sheheryar, or she would be put to death.
The next layer is made up of the actual stories, such as Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves, Aladdin and the Magic Lamp, etc.
In those stories, there is often also a narrator who tells the story.
Other website links
The Thousand Nights and a Night in several classic translations, including unexpurgated version by Sir Francis Burton, and John Payne translation, with additional material.
Stories From One Thousand and One Nights, (Lane and Poole translation): Project Bartleby edition
The Arabian Nights (includes Lang and (expurgated) Burton translations): Electronic Literature Foundation editions
The Medieval Arabic Nights  - a study
Jonathan Scott translation of Arabian Nights
Notes on the influences and context of the Thousand and One Nights
1001 Resources and Links for A Thousand and One Nights  University of Houston
The Book of the Thousand and One Nights  by John Crocker
(expurgated) Sir Burton's ~1885 translation, annotated for English study.
Arabian Nights' Tales  Dedicated site with just the stories of 1001 nights listed in order.
A coup d'état (pronounced []), or just coup ([]) for short, is the removal of a head of state and/or head of government from power (overthrow).
Unlike a revolution, which usually takes large numbers of people to take over, a coup can be done by a small number of people.
Even one person can cause a coup, such as Idi Amin for example, who controlled the Ugandan army.
Coups can also be done by other countries, such as the 1953 Iranian coup d'état.
One well-known failed coup was the Beer Hall Putsch, where Adolf Hitler tried to take over the government of the state of Bavaria in Germany.
Informally, coup is sometimes used to refer to takeovers, or wins, in places other than government, such as inside a company or corporation.
Walter Elias "Walt" Disney (; December 5, 1901December 15, 1966) was an American entrepreneur, animator, writer, voice actor and film producer.
Disney was an important person in the American animation industry and throughout the world.
He is regarded as an international icon and philanthropist.
He is well known for his influence and contributions to the field of entertainment during the 20th century.
Along with his brother Roy Disney, he was the founder of Walt Disney Productions.
The corporation is now known as The Walt Disney Company.
He is also famous for bringing what is known as the happiest place on Earth, Disneyland.
As an extraordinary animator and entrepreneur, Disney was well known as a film producer and a showman, as well as an innovator in animation and theme park design.
He and his staff created some of the world's most well-known fictional characters including Mickey Mouse.
He provided the original voice for Mickey Mouse.
He received four honorary Academy Awards and won 22 Academy Awards from a total of 59 nominations, including a record four in one year.
It gave him more awards and nominations than any other person in history.
Disney also won seven Emmy Awards.
He gave his name to the Disneyland, and Walt Disney World Resort theme parks in the United States, as well as international resorts like Tokyo Disney Resort, Disneyland Paris, and Hong Kong Disneyland.
He died on December 15, 1966 from lung cancer aged 65.
A year later, construction of the Walt Disney World Resort began in Florida.
His brother Roy Disney inaugurated the Magic Kingdom in 1971.
Walter Elias Disney was born on December 5, 1901 at 2156 North Tripp Avenue in Hermosa, Chicago, Illinois.
His father Elias Disney had Irish-Canadian ancestry and his mother, Flora Call Disney had German and English ancestry.
His great-grandfather, Arundel Elias Disney, had emigrated from Gowran, County Kilkenny, Ireland where he was born in 1801.
Arundel Disney was a descendant of Robert d'Isigny, a Frenchman who had traveled to England with William the Conqueror in 1066.
The d'Isigny name was anglicized as "Disney" and the family settled in a village now known as Norton Disney, south of the city of Lincoln, in the county of Lincolnshire.
About the time Disney was entering high school, his family moved to the city of Chicago.
Disney took classes at the Chicago Art Institute and drew for the school newspaper.
When he was sixteen, Disney decided he wanted to help fight in World War I. Since he was still too young to join the army, he dropped out of school and joined the Red Cross.
He spent the next year driving ambulances for the Red Cross in France.
Disney's best-known creation is the cartoon character, Mickey Mouse.
Disney even provided the voice for Mickey Mouse for many years.
Donald Duck is another famous creation.
Minnie Mouse and Pluto are also his creations.
Disney was once fired from a newspaper company in Kansas City, Missouri because of his lack of creativity.
Disney began as a cartoonist in the 1920s.
He created Oswald the Lucky Rabbit but lost ownership of the character due to a contract problem.
He then created Mickey Mouse.
Disney started the Walt Disney Studios and created the first full-length animated movie when he created Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937).
The movie was a huge success.
The money from the movie helped Disney create many more cartoons and movies such as Fantasia, Pinocchio (both 1940), Dumbo (1941), and Bambi (1942).
New animated and live-action films followed after World War II, including the critically successful Cinderella (1950), Peter Pan (1953), and Mary Poppins (1964), the latter of which received five Academy Awards.
He earned 32 academy awards.
Disney once refused an offer from Alfred Hitchcock to make a movie at Disney World after Hitchcock filmed Psycho.
He also served as the host of The Wonderful World of Disney, a weekly variety show that had Disney cartoons and some live-action skits.
In the 1950s, Disney created Disneyland in Anaheim, California.
Disneyland was the first modern theme park.
Disney also bought the land for Walt Disney World Resort in Florida.
Disney did not see Walt Disney World finished though because he died before it opened.
Both Disneyland and Walt Disney World (and now other Disney theme parks) are famous for their design, level of detail, being very clean, and animatronics.
On December 15, 1966, Disney died of lung cancer in Burbank, California at the age of 65.
His movies and theme parks are still enjoyed by millions of people around the world.
His company continues to produce very successful new theme parks and films.
After Disney's death, many rumors were spreading that Disney's body was cryonically frozen, and that he was stored beneath the Pirates of the Caribbean ride at Disneyland.
In reality, he was cremated and his ashes were scattered in the Forest Lawn Memorial Park cemetery in Glendale, California.
Some people have accused Disney of being racist and antisemitic.
This was because he made some insensitive comments and included ethnic stereotypes in his cartoons and films, even though he employed a lot of Jews and people of different backgrounds.
Walt Disney Family Museum
Time Magazine profile
American billionaires
Artists from Chicago
Businesspeople from Chicago
Chief executives
Disney actors
Disney animators
Disney people
The Eucharist, also called holy communion, the sacrament, or the Lord's supper, is a kind of religious ritual in many Christian churches.
It started when Jesus Christ told his followers to eat bread (His body) and drink wine (His blood) in memory of him, at the Last Supper.
In the Roman Catholic Church
According to the Roman Catholic Church, the Eucharist is the true presence of Jesus Christ, the Son of God.
During a Mass, through the act of transubstantiation, the bread and wine offered change, and are no longer bread and wine.
They become the Body and Blood of Jesus Christ.
The bread and wine do not change appearance, but they are the Body and Blood of Jesus Christ, which Catholics in good standing (not in the state of mortal sin) come and receive Christ—they consume Him.
This follows what was said by Christ "Eat my Body and Drink my Blood" (John ch.6).
Most Protestant denominations believe that this was meant as a symbol, while the Catholic Church bases its beliefs on the tradition handed down through the church.
First century St. Ignatius of Antioch, disciple of the beloved disciple John, in speaking of "the heretics plaguing the church" in their day, wrote:  "They abstain from the Eucharist because they do not confess that the Eucharist is the flesh of our Savior Jesus Christ" (Smyrnaeans, 7).
"This food we call Eucharist, which no one is allowed to share except the one who believes that our teaching is true, and who has been washed with the washing that is for the remission of sins, and unto regeneration, and so lives as Christ has handed down.
For we do not receive these as common bread and common drink; but just as Jesus Christ our Savior, having been made flesh by the word of God, had both flesh and blood for our salvation, so likewise we have learned that the food over which thanks has been given by the prayer of the word which comes from him, and by which our blood and flesh are nourished through a change, is the Flesh and Blood of the same incarnate Jesus" (The First Apology).
In other churches
In most Protestant churches, not including Lutheranism, the sacrament of communion involves eating small wafers or Matzos and drinking wine or grape juice, and not believing that it is the actual body and blood of Jesus, but as a very important symbolic observance, and fulfillment of what Christ commanded.
Some churches offer it daily, some weekly, some monthly, and some a few times a year.
In the Latter Day Saints or "Mormon" Church, followers eat small pieces of bread and drink water.
They believe that this is a symbol of the body and blood of Jesus, and they call it the Sacrament.
They also believe that it helps them to make the promises of baptism all over again.
Christian terminology
Stroke, a cerebral accident, when blood supply to a part of the brain is suddenly interrupted
A sunstroke
Stroke (Chinese character), in graphics of Chinese characters.
A single line without any break, see stroke order
A different name for the typographical character known as slash
Stroke (engine), a single action of some engines
stroke (software), a port scanning utility
Little House on the Prairie is a book written by Laura Ingalls Wilder in 1935.
It is one part of series of books about Wilder's childhood in Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Kansas during the late 19th century.
The books have been made many times into movies and television series.
Some other writers have also written books about Laura and her relatives.
The books became famous during the 20th century.
During the 21st century, scholars began to look at them closely as literature and as art.
Wilder has been criticized for the way she shows Native Americans and black Americans.
"Little House" books
Pioneer Girl was one of the first books Ingalls-Wilder wrote, but she could not find a publisher that wanted to print it.
Pioneer Girl is a nonfiction story of Wilder's life.
Her daughter told her to write fictional stories instead.
The Little House series is a different from the true story of Ingalls-Wilder's life.
She was trying to tell a happy story and to show manifest destiny as a good thing.
She wanted the story to make sense, so she left things out if they did not fit her ideas.
The fictional books do not talk about when her family moved east to Iowa or her little brother who died young.
She also invented fictional characters and made combination characters: Nellie Olson is one person in the fictional books but she was based on more than one person in real life.
In 2015, an edited version of Pioneer Girl was published.
It has many footnotes explaining things for twenty-first-century readers.
Original books
Little House in the Big Woods (1932)
Farmer Boy (1933)
Little House on the Prairie (1935)
On the Banks of Plum Creek (1937)
By the Shores of Silver Lake (1939)
The Long Winter (1940)
Little Town on the Prairie (1941)
These Happy Golden Years (1943)
On the Way Home (1962)
The First Four Years (1971),
West From Home (1974)
The Road Back (2006)
Pioneer Girl (2015)
Screenings
TV movies
Little House on the Prairie (1974)
Little House Years (1978)
Little House: Look Back to Yesterday (1983)
Little House: Bless All the dear Children (1984)
Little House: The Last Farewell (1984)
Beyond the Prairie: The True Story of Laura Ingalls Wilder (1997)
Beyond the Prairie: The True Story of Laura Ingalls Wilder II (1998)
Little House on the Prairie (2005) - miniseries
Jackanory - Little House in the Big Woods (1966)
Jackanory - Farmer Boy (1968)
Little House on the Prairie / Little House: A New Beginning (1974-1983) - live action
Laura the Prairie Girl (1975) - animated
Native Americans in the books
In 2018, the Association for Library Service to Children changed the name of its Laura Ingalls Wilder Award to the Children’s Literature Legacy Award because people did not like the way Wilder wrote about Native Americans in Little House on the Prairie.
They said the book had "dated cultural attitudes toward Indigenous people and people of color that contradict modern acceptance, celebration, and understanding of diverse communities."
For example, in the book, one white character says "the only good Indian is a dead Indian."
Some of the words Ingalls use to describe Native Americans makes them sound like non-human animals.
Other people disagreed, saying the book showed how complicated things between Native Americans and white settlers were.
For example, it shows that the Ingalls family is on Indian land illegally, which means they must leave.
It shows Laura asking her parents why they are in Indian territory if they don't want to be near Indians.
Little House Wiki: Little House on the Prairie
1935 books
1974 television series debuts
Minnesota in fiction
en:Little House on the Prairie (TV series)
fi:Pieni talo preerialla
Piccolo Coro dell'Antoniano is an Italian choir of children.
It was created in Bologna in 1963 by Mariele Ventre.
The children had to help singing children at Zecchino d'Oro festival.
In 1995, Mariele Ventre died and the choir has a new director - Sabrina Simoni - and a new name - Piccolo Coro "Mariele Ventre" dell'Antoniano.
Choirs
Italian musical groups
1963 establishments in Europe
People from Bologna
1960s establishments in Italy
Howard G. "Ward" Cunningham (born May 26, 1949) is an American computer programmer.
He started the first wiki website on March 25, 1995, and is considered the inventor of that software.
He currently lives in Beaverton, Oregon.
Ward Cunningham got a Bachelor's degree in electrical engineering and computer science from Purdue University, and then got his master's degree in computer science from there as well.
he has worked for Tektronix Computer Research Laboratory, the Eclipse Foundation, and Microsoft, among other places.
In 2009, he joined AboutUs, an editable guide to websites.
WikiWikiWeb, the first wiki hosted at c2.com
Ward's personal pages on c2.com
Scientists from Oregon
Scientists from Indiana
People from Michigan City, Indiana
A chain (unit) is also a measure of length
A human chain can be made by people standing next to one another and who hold hands or link arms.
It is a chain that has people for its links.
Chain store, retail stores which share a brand and central management, usually with standardized business methods and practices.
They may all have the same owners or may be franchised.
A rope is made out of several threads.
The material can be organic, like flax, or it can be small threads of steel (in case of a steel rope, wire or cable).
A rope can be used to lift, or pull things, like pulling a ship into a harbor with another ship, or fixing the ship so it does not move away.
The twisting of fibers in rope is what leads to its high tensile strength (meaning it's very difficult to pull apart) and this innovation allowed the rope to become a construction staple that has been used for millennia.
Ropes have been used for thousands of years, from the Egyptians using them in 4000BCE and modern-day construction that relies heavily on the strength of this tool.
Ropework
The X-Files is an American science fiction television series set in Maryland.
It ran from its creation in 1993 until 2002, lasting for nine seasons.
On January 24, 2016, a new season began airing.
The series is about two FBI agents, Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) and Fox Mulder (David Duchovny).
Together, they work to find answers to strange cases.
Many of these cases have to do with aliens and the paranormal.
The X-Files was a very popular show; it is the second longest running science fiction show behind Stargate SG-1.
It also won awards like the Emmy Awards and the Golden Globe Awards.
The plot of the show has to do with finding the answer to mysteries, or X-Files.
Mulder believes that the answers to many of these mysteries have to do with aliens and the paranormal, while Scully believes that the answer can be found using science.
Sometimes, there are monsters that are introduced into the show.
Episodes with monsters in them are called "Monster-of-the-week" episodes.
There is a plot in the show about Mulder's sister, Samantha Mulder.
She was taken by aliens when she was little.
Mulder spends a lot of time looking for her.
In season seven, Mulder finds out that both the aliens and the government took his sister for experiments.
They wanted to make an alien-human hybrid and used Samantha as a test subject.
Mulder and Scully believe that there is a part of the government that is helping the aliens.
They find out this is true.
The part of the government that helps the aliens is called "The Syndicate."
The Syndicate helps the aliens to take over Earth.
Eventually, Mulder is taken by the aliens and is replaced in the series by John Doggett, another FBI agent.
Doggett and Scully then work together in season eight.
In season nine, Scully is replaced by Monica Reyes.
Cast and characters
Fox Mulder (played by David Duchovny) is an agent assigned to the X-Files.
He first worked in the Violent Crimes Unit, but he later opened the X-Files.
Dana Scully (played by Gillian Anderson) is Mulder's partner.
She joins Mulder a year after he opens the X-Files.
She was told to join Mulder to make sure that the way they solved mysteries was scientific.
Walter Skinner (played by Mitch Peleggi) is Scully, Mulder, Doggett and Reyes' supervisor at the X-Files.
John Doggett (played by Robert Patrick) joins the show in season eight after Mulder is taken by aliens.
He becomes Scully's partner.
Monica Reyes (played by Annabeth Gish) joins the show in season eight.
She takes the place of Scully as Doggett's partner.
In 1998, a movie called The X-Files: Fight The Future was made.
In the plot of the series, it is between seasons five and six.
It is mainly about aliens.
It was directed by Rob Bowman.
Another movie, called The X-Files: I Want to Believe, was made in 2008, six years after the season ended.
The movie is more like a horror story than a story about aliens.
It was directed by Chris Carter.
It earned $20,982,478 in the US, earned $47,386,956 in countries outside the US, and in total earned $68,369,434.
2000s mystery television series
2010s American drama television series
2010s mystery television series
American mystery television series
A patent gives an inventor the right to stop other people making or using their invention.
If someone makes or uses that invention without being allowed to, the inventor can sue that person in court to make them stop.
The inventor can sell the patent to another person or company.
A patent lasts for up to 20 years, depending on the country.
After that, anyone can copy the invention.
Each country has its own patents.
China gives Chinese patents.
India gives Indian patents.
The United States gives United States patents.
An inventor can get a patent in any country the inventor wants.
An inventor can get patents in many different countries for the same invention.
Each patent in each country costs money to get.
Getting a patent
To get a patent, the inventor must ask the government by describing the invention in writing.
This is called a patent application.
The inventor can write the patent application, but it is usually written by a person trained to write patent applications.
This person is called a patent agent or, if the person is a lawyer, a patent attorney.
The government does not usually just give the inventor a patent.
Instead, the government tries to confirm whether the idea is actually new.
This is called patent examination.
The government will try to find books, stories, or other patents that show that the idea was not new.
The inventor, or his or her patent attorney, then tries to show how the inventor's idea is actually new and is different from anything that the government finds.
If the government finds that the inventor's idea is new, it will give the inventor a patent.
The government will also send the inventor a copy of his or her patent application with a special seal.
This copy is the patent.
The inventor must also pay the government a tax to get a patent.
Usually, an inventor pays money to ask for the patent, and the inventor pays money when they get a patent.
In some countries, the owner of a patent must also pay money to keep the patent.
Some can be cheap and some can be expensive.
Using a patent
The owner of a patent can stop other people from using their invention.
If someone other than the patent owner uses the patent, this is called infringing a patent.
If the owner knows that someone is infringing his or her patent, the patent owner can ask a court to stop them.
If the court agrees that the other person was using the patent, the court can make that person pay a fine to the patent owner.
The patent owner can give other people permission to use their patent.
This is called a patent license.
A person who wants to use another person's patent will usually pay money to the patent owner.
What can be patented
Patents most often cover products or processes that contain 'new' functional or technical ideas.
They are concerned with how things work, how they are made, or what they are made of.
Patents cover many different things such as electronics, medicines, agriculture and transport – anything in fact, from a small detail in an electric switch to an entire power station.
It must be new, so that nobody else has made the same thing or something similar in the past
It must involve an inventive step: this means it is not something that anyone could have easily made
It must have an application to the real world: it must be useful.
Often a product is marked with a text saying 'patent pending' or 'pat.
pending', which means that a patent has been asked for (part of) the product.
Then people are warned that they should not copy the invention.
Parts of a patent
Patents are usually very long.
They include a number of smaller parts.
A patent usually includes a section that briefly describes the idea called the abstract.
It also may include a section that describes other people's inventions and how the inventor's idea is different called the "background of the invention."
The patent also includes a long description of the idea itself called a "detailed description."
In this section, the inventor tries to describe every detail of his or her invention.
The patent also has a number of pictures called the "figures."
The figures are usually drawn by people called draftsman that are trained to draw in a special way.
The pictures are labeled with numbers to show different parts of the invention.
At the end of most patents is a section called the claims.
These are usually numbered.
They include a short statement that lists all of the things needed for the invention.
A court will use the claims to decide if another person is "infringing" the patent.
The Wizard of Oz is an American musical movie.
It was produced by MGM and released by RKO in 1939.
The movie is based on the children's book The Wonderful Wizard of Oz by L. Frank Baum.
This book was first published in May 1900.
The book and movie are about a little girl's adventures in the land called Oz.
This is still watched from 1939 to 2017.
The song "Over the Rainbow" won the Academy Award for Best Original Song.
The movie was first televised in 1956.
It became an annual Thanksgiving television special for many years.
The movie was named the most-watched motion picture in history by the Library of Congress.
In 1998, the movie was sixth on the American Film Institute's 100 Years... 100 Movies list.
The movie has been chosen for preservation in the United States National Film Registry.
Dorothy (Judy Garland) lives on a drab Kansas farm with her Auntie Em and Uncle Henry (Clara Blandick and Charlie Grapewin).
A powerful storm sweeps her away to the Land of Oz.
She accidentally kills a wicked witch.
She wants to go home, but only the Wizard of Oz (Frank Morgan) can send her home.
She must go to the Emerald City to see him.
She sets off on the Yellow Brick Road wearing the witch's ruby slippers.
She makes three friends on the road: a Scarecrow, a Tin Man, and a Cowardly Lion (Ray Bolger, Jack Haley, and Bert Lahr).
On the way to Emerald City, the friends are tormented by The Wicked Witch of the West (Margaret Hamilton).
She is the sister of the witch Dorothy killed.
She wants the ruby slippers.
Dorothy won't give the slippers to the witch.
The friends arrive in Emerald City.
The Wizard sends them off to kill the witch.
The friends are captured by the witch.
Dorothy throws a pail of water over the witch.
The witch melts.
In the Emerald City, the four friends are welcomed as heroes.
The Wizard prepares his hot air balloon to take Dorothy back to Kansas.
The balloon takes off without her.
A good witch called Glinda (Billie Burke) tells Dorothy she can go home by just clicking the heels of the ruby slippers together and thinking about home.
She does this.