the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
The orbital speed of a body, usually a planet, a natural satellite, an artificial satellite, or a multiple star, is the speed at which it orbits around the barycenter of a system, usually around a more massive body.
It can be used to refer to either the mean orbital speed, the average speed as it completes an orbit, or instantaneous orbital speed, the speed at a particular point in its orbit.
The orbital speed at any position in the orbit can be computed from the distance to the central body at that position, and the specific orbital energy, which is independent of position: it equals the kinetic energy plus the potential energy, divided by the mass.
It is also given by Kepler's Second Law.
Continental drift is a historical, scientific theory.
The theory was first proposed by Abraham Ortelius in 1596.
It was fully developed by the German geologist and meteorologist Alfred Wegener in 1915.
The theory said that parts of the Earth's crust move slowly on top of a liquid mantle of higher density.
The theory has now been included in the wider theory of plate tectonics.
The theory was supported by finding the same minerals and fossils in western Europe and eastern North America.
There are also similar fossils on the western coast of Africa and the eastern South America.
The shapes of these continents nearly fit together.
The theory was plausible (believable), but there was no known mechanism to drive these great movements.
This problem was later solved by plate tectonics.
The pattern of volcanic activity, mountain building (orogeny) and earthquakes is explained by continental drift.
The existence of identical rocks widely apart supports the theory.
Fossils of the fern Glossopteris are found in rocks from Australia, South America, Antarctica, India, Africa and Madagascar.
These were all together in the supercontinent Gondwana, after the global continent Pangaea broke up.
Table Mountain at the Cape of Good Hope, South Africa, and mountains south of Rio de Janeiro are made of identical rocks.
This corresponds to the fit of Africa with South America in Pangaea.
The Giant's Causeway in Northern Ireland, and Fingal's Cave on Staffa, Inner Hebrides, Scotland is the same rock formation.
The basic machine driving continental movement is heat moving from the Earth's mantle through the crust and out of the planet.
The effect of this it to cause convection, and plate movement.
The production of new crust at places such as the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.
The removal of crust by subduction (moving under) at the points where plates collide.
Altenburg was independent for most of the 1600s until 1672.
This is when the last male ruler died.
Because only men could rule the Ernestine duchies Altenburg began to be ruled by the Duke of Saxe-Gotha, who had married the last ruler’s daughter.
In 1825 the ruler died, and he also had no male heirs.
Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg was split up.
Gotha was given to the Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld and Altenburg to the Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen, who in exchange gave up Saalfeld and Hildburghausen to the Duke of Saxe-Meiningen.
This family ruled in the duchy until the end of the monarchies in 1918.
Saxe-Altenburg became part of the new state of Thuringia in the Weimar Republic in 1920.
Saxe-Altenburg had an area of  and a population of 207,000 (1905).
Dukes of Saxe-Altenburg
Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg (1826-1834) (Previously Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen)
Joseph, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg (1834-1848)
Georg, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg (1848-1853)
Ernst I, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg (1853-1908)
Ernst II, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg (1908-1918)
Heads of the Ducal House of Saxe-Altenburg, post monarchy
Ernst II, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg (1918-1955)
Georg Moritz, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Altenburg (1955-1991)
Two branches descend from duke Ernest the Pious, the father of the progenitor of this Saxe-Altenburg branch: Saxe-Meiningen and Saxe-Coburg-Gotha; according to old Wettin family law, they would have divided the actual territories between them (as happened to Gotha and Altenburg in 1826).
The senior male agnate descending from duke Ernest the Pious, in 1991 , was prince Frederick-Alfred of Saxe-Meiningen (a monk, 1921-1997), and thus technically succeeded then as titular duke of Saxe-Altenburg and head of the whole branch; but, because he renounced all his succession rights in favor of his uncle Bernhard, was him instead Frederick-Alfred the general heir of the line of Saxe-Meiningen.
His successor was Konrad, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen, the present head of that branch.
Saxe-Altenburg family genealogy
A porcupine is a rodent with a coat of sharp spines, or quills, that defend them from predators.
The porcupine is the third biggest rodent, after the capybara, and beaver, and are not to be confused with hedgehogs.
Most porcupines are about 60–90 cm long, with a 20–25 cm long tail.
Weighing between 12-35 pounds (5–16 kg), they are rounded, large and slow.
Porcupines come in various shades of brown, grey, and the unusual white.
The name "porcupine" comes from Middle French porc d'épine "thorny pork", hence the nickname "quill pig" for the animal.
The correct term for a baby porcupine is a porcupette.
A porcupette has soft quills made of hardened hair.
This protects the mother from injury as she gives birth.
The animal's quills or spines take on many forms, depending on the type, but all are hairs coated with thick plates of keratin, and they are in the skin musculature.
Old World porcupines (Hystricidae) have quills in clusters, whereas in New World porcupines (Erethizontidae) single quills are mixed with bristles, underfur, and hair.
Porcupine quills are as sharp as needles, can be removed very easily, and will stay stuck in an attacker.
Unlike needles, however, the quills of New World porcupines have small, backwards-facing barbs on the tip that catch on the skin making them hard and painful to pull out.
Quills are about 75 mm long and 2 mm wide.
If a quill becomes put in the tissues of an attacker, the barbs act to pull the quill farther into the tissues with the normal muscle movements of the attacker, moving up to many millimeters in a day.
Animals who try to eat porcupines have been known to die because of quill penetration and infection.
Quills can still penetrate animals and humans even after death.
The ancient belief that porcupines can throw their quills at an enemy has long been proved to be incorrect.
Porcupines can live in a wide range of places in tropical and mild parts of Asia, Italy, Africa, and North and South America.
Porcupines live in forests, deserts and grasslands.
Some live in trees, others stay on the ground.
Porcupines in search of salt sometimes live in human places, eating plywood cured with sodium nitrate, certain paints, and tool handles, footwear, clothes and other items that have been coated in salty sweat.
Porcupines like going near roads in areas where rock salt is used to melt ice and snow, and are known to gnaw on vehicle tires or wiring coated in road salt.
Salt licks placed nearby can stop porcupine damage.
The Silvia Night Show is a 2007 Icelandic television series following the controversial fictional character Silvia Night.
It is the English version that was made to promote her participation in the Eurovision Song Contest.
Silvia also received a lot of attention from media when she, on the premiere day of her own television program, protested against it on the streets of Reykjavík saying that "the show is total junk".
The show will be available on DVD sometime soon.
The Silvia Night Show started airing in Sweden on the channel TV400 on October 10, 2007.
The Silvia Night Show (episodes online)  - at Skjárinn
was a Swedish reality program.
It was first broadcast on August 4, 2000.
It was broadcast by the station TV4.
The program followed three American actresses who auditioned for the role as "Billie Jo" in the Swedish soap opera Nya tider.
The winner was Alexandra Sapot.
The winner was chosen by Swedish viewers' televotes and the production company Jarowskij.
Tanya Gingerich  is an actress from Tarrytown, New York.
She also played parts in series like Hamlet and Shame No More.
Melissa Hanson is an actress born in Honolulu,Hawaii.
She also played parts in series like Grace Under Fire and Who shot Patakango?.
Hope Harris is an American actress from Virginia.
She also played roles in series like The Sullivan sisters,Come On, Get Happy: The Partridge Family Story and Angel in Training.
Alexandra Sapot is an actress and executive assistant on series like Entourage, and Now and Again.
About the contestants
Alex  blev Billie Jo (Alex Sapot won the role as Billie Jo, Aftonbladet article, in Swedish)
The Ernestine duchies, are sometimes called the Saxon duchies, were a changing number of small states in the present German state of Thuringia, governed by dukes of the Ernestine line of the house of Wettin.
The Albertine duchies of Weissenfels, Merseburg and Zeitz were are also sometimes called "Saxon duchies" and border several Ernestine ones.
The old Duchy of Saxon began to split up in the 15th Century, because law said that all sons should inherit.
All of the sons of a Saxon duke had the title of Duke, sometimes brothers ruled the territory together, and sometimes they divided it up between them.
Some of the Ernestine duchies stayed independent until 1918.
The nearby royal houses of Reuss and Schwarzburg also divided up their territory, so Thuringia was a tangle of little states, exclaves and enclaves from the late 15th Century until the early 20th Century.
Albert, grandson of  Albert "the Bear" inherited the Duchy of Saxony from his father.
Albert's sons divided Saxony into the duchies of Saxe-Lauenburg and Saxe-Wittenberg.
When duke of Saxe-Wittenberg died without an heir in 1422, the Emperor Sigismund gave the duchy to Frederick IV of the House of Wettin.
Frederick was already Margrave of Meißen and Landgrave of Thuringia, and then became Frederick I, Elector of Saxony.
Frederick was followed as Elector by his son Frederick II, and when Frederick II died in 1464 his sons Ernest and Albert took over.
Because he was the older, Ernest became Elector of Saxony, but the brothers shared ruling the lands until 1485.
Then Ernest took northern Meißen, southern Thuringia, and Wittenberg, with Albert receiving northern Thuringia and southern Meißen
The Ernestine line
It was Frederick the Wise who set up the University of Wittenberg in 1502.
This was because the only university in Saxony was in Leipzig, was in the part of Saxony controlled by the descendants of his uncle, Albert.
The University of Wittenberg was were Martin Luther posted his 95 Theses.
Frederick protected Luther, and did not send him to Rome for trial.
Frederick allowed Lutheran reforms in his country.
Frederick the Wise  had three grandsons to share the territory.
John Frederick II set up his capitals in Eisenach and Coburg, the middle brother John William staying in Weimar (Saxe-Weimar), and the youngest, John Frederick III  took Gotha (Saxe-Gotha).
In 1572 the claimants agreed to the Division of Erfurt.
This treaty said John William of Saxe-Weimar would also take the districts of  Altenburg, Gotha and Meiningen.
his older son, Frederick William I received Altenburg, Gotha and Meiningen with using the title of Duke of Saxe-Altenburg, and founding the first Saxe-Altenburg line,
younger son John II.
John Casimir took Saxe-Weimar
The older son of John Frederick II, and John Ernest (d 1638 heirless), the younger son of John Frederick II, received together the territory of Saxe-Coburg-Eisenach.
In 1596 the brothers agreed to split the duchy into Saxe-Coburg and Saxe-Eisenach.
Johann II, Duke of Saxe-Weimar (or John II), died young but left eight surviving sons who ruled together,  Three died, (including Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar, the youngest, the famed general) and a will ordering them to rule jointly.
Only three survived by 1639, when the lands of the Coburg-Eisenach dukes were divided between the Altenburgs and the Weimarsthe remaining brothers finally divided their lands which were twice the size of what they inherited.
William kept Weimar, Albert  became Duke of Eisenach and Ernest "the Pious" became known as Duke of Gotha.
Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha (1601-75) had married Elisabeth Sophie, the only child of John Philip, Duke of Altenburg(1597-1638).
Elisabeth Sophie's cousin Frederick William III, Duke of Altenburg, died unmarried 1672.
He was the last male descendant of the first Saxe-Altenburg line.
There was a big argument about who should get the Altenburg land.
In the end most went to Ernest and Elisabeth Sophie's sons.
One quarter  the original Altenburglands went to the Saxe-Weimar branch.
After the division of the first Altenburg lands line, the senior Ernestine branch (the Saxe-Weimar family ), line held just under half of the Ernestine lands, and the junior, Gotha-Altenburg, line held more than half.
Gotha-Altenburg line divided more each generation.
The Weimar line did not subdivide their land and by 1741 all of the land was controlled by the one branch of the Weimar family.
In 1815 they became Grand Dukes.
Duke Ernest of Gotha and Duchess Elisabeth Sophie's numerous sons divided the inheritance into seven parts: Gotha-Altenburg, Coburg, Meiningen, Römhild, Eisenberg, Hildburghausen and Saalfeld.
The new dukes of Coburg, Römhild and Eisenberg had no children, so their lands were quickly absorbed by the four remaining lines.
Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (approximately three eights of all the Ernestine lands), and the ("Elisabeth-Sophie-line") duchies of
Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg,
Saxe-Meiningen,
Saxe-Hildburghausen and
Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld.
Altenburg went to the Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen, but he gave Hildburghausen to the Duke of Saxe-Meiningen-Hildburghausen.
The duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld gave up Saalfeld in return for Gotha.. All of the Ernestine Duchies ended with the abolition of the monarchy and princely states in Germany shortly after the end of World War I.
Saxe-Gotha
had a vote in the Holy Roman Empire’s Reichstag.
In 1792 the Duke of Saxe-Weimar was also the Duke of Saxe-Eisenach, and the Duke of Saxe-Altenburg was also the Duke of Saxe-Gotha, so both had two votes; and the Duke of Saxe-Coburg had one vote.
The other Ernestine duchies were never members of the Imperial Circle, and were subordinate to the five duchies that did belong to the Imperial Circle (for example, the principalities of Meiningen and Hildburghausen were such; that was one reason why Duke of Hildburghausen exchanged his patrimony to that of Altenburg).
Ultimately, in the German Confederation, all these became equally sovereign.
Saxe-Altenburg (1603 to 1672; 1826 to 1918)
Saxe-Coburg (1596 to 1633; 1681 to 1699)
Saxe-Coburg-Eisenach (1572 to 1596)
Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld (1735 to 1826)
Saxe-Eisenberg (1680 to 1707)
Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1826 to 1918)
Saxe-Eisenach (1596 to 1638; 1640 to 1644; 1672 to 1806)
Saxe-Gotha (1640 to 1680)
Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (1681 to 1826)
Saxe-Hildburghausen (1680 to 1826)
Saxe-Jena (1672 to 1690)
Saxe-Marksuhl (1662 to 1672)
Saxe-Meiningen (1681 to 1918)
Saxe-Römhild (1680 to 1710)
Saxe-Saalfeld (1680 to 1735)
Saxe-Weimar (1572 to 1806)
Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (1806 to 1918)
John B. Freed.
Saxony, in Strayer, Joseph R., Ed.
in Chief.
Dictionary of the Middle Ages, Vol.
Charles Scribner's Sons, New York.
Ernestine Saxony, 1485-1547 - accessed December 13 2005
Wettin Dynasty. (
Retrieved December 12, 2005, from Encyclopædia Britannica Premium Service
House Laws of Anhalt - retrieved December 13 2005
Chart showing succession of Ernestine duchies - originally retrieved December 13 2005, found using Wayback machine November 27 2006
The Ernestine Line's Saxon Duchies
A word in Sanskrit, meaning "practicable, feasible, possible", and also "proper, fit, able", from a root  "to be well ordered or regulated"
Kalpa (Vedanga) "proper practice", "ritual", one of the six disciplines of Vedanga in Hinduism
Kalpa (time unit) a Sanskrit word referring to a great length of time (Aeon) in Buddhist and Hindu cosmology
Kalpa, Himachal Pradesh, a town in Himachal Pradesh, India
KalPa, a Finnish ice hockey team
Hindu units of measurement
The Sri Maha Bodhi is a Sacred Fig tree in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka.
The site where it's on, Sacred City of Anuradhapura, is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
It is said to be a tree grown from a sapling from the famous Bodhi tree where the first Buddha became enlightened.
It brought down by Mihindu (Mahinda) and Sanghamitta.
It was planted in 288 BC.
It is the oldest living human-planted tree in the world with a known planting date.
It was planted on a high terrace about  above the ground.
It is surrounded by railings to protect it.
It is one of the most sacred objects of the Buddhists in Sri Lanka, and respected by Buddhists all over the world.
Bodhi tree
Living Heritage - Jaya Siri Maha Bodhi
This is a list of children of U.S. Presidents with stepchildren, adopted children, and alleged illegitimate children included.
Full names are given including middle, maiden and married names.
This list also includes the children's spouses and any known children they had and a “?”
for an unknown number of children.
Presidential children have been studied individually, and as a group.
As individuals, they are more often notable than most individuals: they know many political and social leaders and are part of the richer, upper classes.
They are more likely to be viewed as a part of celebrity culture.
Also, as individuals they frequently have significant influence on other notable family members.
A child who may appear otherwise non-notable may have affected the parent's beliefs or performance.
George Washington and Martha Dandridge Custis Washington
No children together.
Martha's first husband, Daniel Parke Custis (October 15, 1711 – July 8, 1757), had four children, two of whom were still living at the time of her marriage to Washington (those who did not survive were Daniel Parke Custis, Jr. [November 19, 1751 – February 19, 1754] and Frances Parke Custis [April 12, 1753 – April 1, 1757]):
John “Jacky” Parke Custis (stepson) (November 27, 1754 – November 5, 1781)
m. Eleanor Calvert.
His wife remarried and took two oldest of four children.
The other two, “Nelly” and “Wash”, were raised but not formally adopted by George and Martha (see below).
Martha “Patsy” Parke Custis (stepdaughter) (1756 – June 19, 1773) no children, died from epilepsy
Martha's grandchildren who were raised by the Washingtons:
Eleanor “Nelly” Parke Custis Lewis (step-granddaughter) (March 21, 1779 – 1852)
m. Lawrence Lewis, 8 children
George “Wash” Washington Parke Custis (step-grandson) (April 30, 1781 – 1857)
m. Mary Lee Fitzhugh, 4 children; the only survivor, Mary Ann Randolph Custis, married Robert E. Lee
John Adams and Abigail Smith Adams
Abigail “Nabby” Adams Smith (July, 14, 1765 – August 15, 1813), also nicknamed "Amelia"
m. William Stephens Smith, 4 children
John Quincy Adams (July 11, 1767 – February 23,  1848) 6th U.S. President
m. Louisa Catherine Johnson, 5 children
Susanna Adams (December 28, 1768 – February 4, 1770), cause of death unknown
Charles Adams (May 29, 1770 – November 30, 1800)
m. Sally Smith, 2 children
Thomas Boylston Adams (September 15, 1772 – March 12, 1832)
m. Ann Harold, 7 children
Elizabeth Adams (July 11, 1777) stillborn
Thomas Jefferson and Martha Wayles Skelton Jefferson
Martha had one son, John Wayles Skelton (November 7, 1767 – June 10, 1771) with her first husband Bathurst Skelton (1744–1768).
John died months before her marriage to Jefferson.
Martha “Patsy” Washington Jefferson Randolph (September 27, 1772 – October 10, 1836)
m. Thomas Mann Randolph, Jr., 12 children (including first born in the White House)
Jane Randolph Jefferson (April 3, 1774 – September 1775), named after her paternal grandmother, cause of death unknown
unnamed son (May 28, 1777 – June 14, 1777)
Mary “Polly” “Maria” Jefferson Eppes (August 1, 1778 – April 17, 1804)
m. John Wayles Eppes, 3 children
Lucy Elizabeth (I) Jefferson (November 3, 1780 – April 15, 1781), died from illness
Lucy Elizabeth (II) Jefferson (May 8, 1782 – October 13, 1784), died from "teething, worms and Whooping Cough" as the doctor wrote
Alleged children of Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings
Tom Hemings (1790–?) (
Evidence concerning this child is contradictory.)
Harriet Hemings (I) (October 5, 1795 – December 1797)
Beverly Hemings (possibly born William Beverly Hemings) (April 1, 1798 – after 1873)
m. (wife's name unknown), 1 child
daughter (possibly named Thenia, after Hemings's deceased sister) (December 7, 1799 – ca.
Harriet Hemings (II) (May 1801 – after 1863)
m. (husband's name unknown), several children
Madison Hemings (possibly born James Madison Hemings) (January 1805 – 1877)
m. Mary Hughes McCoy, 10 children
Eston Hemings (possibly born Thomas Eston Hemings) (May 1808 – 1856)
m. Julia Ann Isaacs, 3 children
James Madison and Dolley Payne Todd Madison
No children together, but raised Dolley's son from her first marriage
John Payne Todd (stepson) (February 29, 1792 – 1852) was the first son of Dolley's first husband, John Todd, Jr. (1764–1793).
Their second son William Temple Todd (b./d.
1793) died the same year as his father in a yellow fever epidemic.
James Monroe and Elizabeth Kortright Monroe
Eliza Kortright Monroe Hay (December 1786 – 1835?)
some sources claim 1840 in Paris, France
m. George Hay, 1 child
James Spence Monroe (May 1799 – September 28, 1801)  , cause of death unknown
Maria Hester Monroe Gouverneur (1803–1850) (first to wed in the White House)
m.  Samuel Lawrence Gouverneur, 3 children
John Quincy Adams and Louisa Catherine Johnson Adams
George Washington Adams (April 12, 1801 – April 30, 1829)
John Adams II (July 4, 1803 – October 23, 1834)
m. Mary Catherine Hellen
unnamed son (died shortly after birth, 1806)
Charles Francis Adams, Sr. (
August 18, 1807 – November 21, 1886)
m. Abigail Brown Brooks
Louisa Catherine Adams (1811–1812), born and died from winter illness in Russia; birth and death dates never recorded
Andrew Jackson and Rachel Donelson Robards Jackson
No biological children together, adopted two:
Andrew Jackson Jr. (December 4, 1808 – 1865) (adopted at birth, twin of Thomas Jefferson Donelson, and a nephew of Rachel, son of Severn Donelson)
m. Sarah Yorke, 5 children
Lyncoya Jackson (c. 1812 – June 1, 1828) (adopted orphaned Creek Indian)
Also guardians of eight additional children including:
Orphaned nephews of Rachel, sons of Samuel Donelson who died in 1804;
John Samuel Donelson (died 1817)
Andrew Jackson Donelson (1799–1871)
m. Emily Tennessee Donelson, 4 children
m. Elizabeth Martin Randolph, 8 children
Daniel Smith Donelson (1801–1863)
Orphaned grandnephew of Rachel;
Andrew Jackson Hutchings (1812–1841)
Orphaned children of family friend Edward Butler;
Caroline Butler
Eliza Butler
Edward Butler
Martin Van Buren and Hannah Hoes Van Buren
Abraham Van Buren (November 27, 1807 – March 15, 1873)
m. Angelica Singleton
John Van Buren (February 18, 1810 – October 13, 1866)
m. Elizabeth Van der Poel
Martin Van Buren, Jr. (December 20, 1812 – March 19, 1855)
Unnamed son (1814)
Smith Thompson Van Buren (January 16, 1817 – 1876) (7 children between 2 wives)
m. Ellen King James, ?, ?
m. Henrietta Eckford Irving, ?
unnamed daughter (stillborn, date unknown)
William Henry Harrison and Anna Tuthill Symmes Harrison
Elizabeth “Betsy” Bassett Harrison Short (September 29, 1796 – September 26, 1846)
m. John Cleves Short, One Child
John Cleves Symmes Harrison (October 28, 1798 – October 30, 1830)
m. Clarissa Pike, 6 children
Lucy Singleton Harrison Este (September 1800 – April 7, 1826)
m. David K. Este, one child
William Henry Harrison, Jr (September 3, 1802 – February 6, 1838)
m. Jane Findlay Irwin, 2 children
John Scott Harrison (October 4, 1804 – May 25, 1878)
m. Lucretia Knapp Johnson, 3 children, was outlived
m. Elizabeth Ramsey Irwin, 10 children (including Benjamin Harrison, the 23rd U.S. President)
Benjamin Harrison (May 5, 1806 – June 9, 1840)
m. Louisa S. Bonner, one child
m. Mary Raney, 2 children
Mary Symmes Harrison Thornton (January 22, 1809 – November 16, 1842)
m. John Henry Fitzhugh Thornton, one child
Carter Bassett Harrison (October 26, 1811 – August 12, 1839)
m. Mary Anne Sutherland, one child
Anna Tuthill Harrison Taylor (October 28, 1813 – July 5, 1865)
m. William Henry Harrison Taylor, a cousin, number of children debated
James Findlay Harrison (May 5, 1814 – April 6, 1819) , cause of death unknown
John Tyler and Letitia Christian Tyler
Mary Tyler Jones (April 15, 1815 – June 17, 1848)
m. Henry Lightfoot Jones, 3 children
Robert Tyler (September 9, 1816 – December 3, 1877)
m. Elizabeth Priscilla Cooper, 9 children
John Tyler, Jr. (April 27, 1819 – January 26, 1896)
m. Martha “Mattie” Rochelle, 3 children
Letitia “Letty” Tyler Semple (May 11, 1821 – December 28, 1907)
m. James Semple, no children, separated
Elizabeth “Lizzie” Tyler Waller (July 11, 1823 – June 1, 1850)
m. William Waller, 5 children
Anna Contesse Tyler (April 1825 – July 1825), cause of death unknown
Alice Tyler Denison (March 23, 1827 – June 8, 1854)
m. Henry Mandeville Denison, 2 children
Tazewell Tyler (December 6, 1830 – January 8, 1874)
m. Married, divorced
m. Second wife (debate: 2 children or 7 children)
Alleged son of John Tyler and a slave
John William Dunjee (1833–1903) born a slave of the Terrell family in Virginia.
His children claimed he was the son of Tyler.
John Tyler and Julia Gardiner Tyler
David Gardiner “Gardie” Tyler (July 12, 1846 – September 5, 1927)
m. Mary Morris Jones, 5 children
John Alexander “Alex” Tyler (April 7, 1848 – September 1, 1883)
m. Sarah Griswold Gardiner, one child
Julia Tyler Spencer (December 25, 1849 – May 8, 1871)
m. William H. Spencer, one child
Lachlan Tyler (December 2, 1851 – January 26, 1902)
m. Georgia Powell, no children
Lyon Gardiner Tyler (August 1853 – February 12, 1935)
m. Annie Baker Tucker, 3 children
m. Sue Ruffin, 2 children
Robert Fitzwalter Tyler (March 12, 1856 – December 30, 1927)
m. Fannie Glenn, 3 children
Pearl Tyler Ellis (June 20, 1860 – June 30, 1947)
m. Major William Mumford Ellis, 8 children
James Knox Polk and Sarah Childress Polk
No natural children, but raised Polk's nephew as their ward:
Marshall Tate Polk, Jr. (May 15, 1831 – 1884)
m. Evalina McNeal Bills, 2 children
After the death of James, Sarah was guardian of:
Sarah Polk Jetton (1847–1924)
m. George William Fall
Zachary Taylor and Margaret Mackall Smith Taylor
Anne Margaret Mackall Taylor Wood (April 9, 1811 – December 2, 1875)
m. Robert C. Wood, 4 children
Sarah "Knox” Taylor Davis (March 6, 1814 – September 15, 1835)
m. Jefferson Davis, no children together
Octavia Pannell Taylor (August 16, 1816 – July 8, 1820), died from malaria
Margaret Smith Taylor (July 27, 1819 – October 22, 1820), died from malaria
Mary Elizabeth Taylor Bliss Dandridge (April 20, 1824 – July 26, 1909)
m. Major William Wallace Smith Bliss, no children
m. Philip Dandridge, no children
Richard Taylor (January 27, 1826 – April 12, 1879)
m. Louise Marie Myrthe Bringier, 5 children
Millard Fillmore and Abigail Powers Fillmore
Millard Powers Fillmore (April 25, 1828 – November 15, 1889)
Mary Abigail “Abby” Fillmore  (March 27, 1832 – July 26, 1854)
Millard Fillmore and Caroline Carmichael McIntosh Fillmore
No children together
Franklin Pierce and Jane Means Appleton Pierce
Franklin Pierce, Jr. (February 2, 1836 – February 5, 1836), cause of death unknown
Frank Robert Pierce (August 27, 1839 – November 14, 1843), died from typhus fever
Benjamin “Bennie” Pierce (April 13, 1841 – January 16, 1853), died in train accident in front of his parents, weeks before his father was inaugurated
No children; served as guardian to two nieces:
Mary Elizabeth Speer Lane (1826–1855)
m. George Baker
Harriet Rebecca Lane (May 9, 1830 – July 3, 1903)
m. Henry Elliott Johnston, 2 children
Abraham Lincoln and Mary Ann Todd Lincoln
Robert Todd Lincoln (August 1, 1843 – July 25, 1926)
m. Mary Harlan, 3 children
Edward Baker" Eddie" Lincoln (March 10, 1846 – February 1, 1850)
William Wallace “Willie” Lincoln (December 21, 1850 – February 20, 1862)
Thomas “Tad” Lincoln (April 4, 1853 – July 15, 1871)
Andrew Johnson and Eliza McCardle Johnson
Martha Johnson Patterson (October 25, 1828 – July 10, 1901)
m. David T. Patterson U.S. Senator (TN) succeeded his father-in-law after a four year vacancy, ?
Charles Johnson (February 19, 1830 – April 4, 1863)
Mary Johnson Stover Brown (May 8, 1832 – April 19, 1883)
m. Daniel Stover, 3 children, divorced
m. William Brown, no children
Robert Johnson (February 22, 1834 – April 22, 1869), suicide
Andrew Johnson, Jr. (August 6, 1852 – March 12, 1879)
m. Bessie May Kumbaugh, no children
Ulysses Simpson Grant and Julia Boggs Dent Grant
Frederick Dent Grant (May 30, 1850 – April 11, 1912)
m. Ida Marie Honore, 2 children including Ulysses III
Ulysses Simpson “Buck” Grant, Jr. (July 22, 1852 – September 25, 1929)
m. Fannie Josephine Chaffee, 5 children including Ulysses IV; died
m. America Workman Will, no children together
Ellen Wrenshall “Nellie” Grant Sartoris Jones (July 4, 1855 – August 30, 1922)
m. Algernon Charles Frederick Sartoris, 4 children; divorced
m. Frank Hatch Jones, no children
Jesse Root Grant (February 6, 1858 – June 8, 1934)
m. Elizabeth Chapman, 2 children including Chapman; divorced
m. Lillian Burns, no children together
Rutherford Birchard Hayes and Lucy Ware Webb Hayes
Birchard Austin Hayes (November 4, 1853 – January 24, 1926)
m. Mary Sherman, 5 children
James Webb Cook Hayes (March 20, 1856 – July 26, 1934)
m. Mary Otis Miller, no children
Rutherford Platt Hayes (June 24, 1858 – July 21, 1927)
m. Lucy Hayes Platt, 3 children
Joseph “Jody” Thompson Hayes (December 21, 1861 – June 24, 1863), died of dysentery
George Crook Hayes (September 29, 1864 – May 24, 1866), died of scarlet fever
Fanny Hayes Smith (September 2, 1867 – March 18, 1950)
m. Mary Eaton Smith, one child
Scott Russell Hayes (February 8, 1871 – May 6, 1923)
m. Maude Anderson, no children
Manning Force Hayes (August 1, 1873 – August 28, 1874), died of unknown causes
James Abram Garfield and Lucretia Rudolph Garfield
Eliza Arabella “Trot” Garfield (July 3, 1860 – December 3, 1863), died of diphtheria
Harry Augustus Garfield (October 11, 1863 – December 12, 1942)
m. Belle Hartford Mason, 4 children
James Rudolph Garfield (October 17, 1865 – March 24, 1950) 23rd U.S. Secretary of the Interior
m. Helen Newel, 4 children
Mary “Molly” Garfield Stanley-Brown (January 16, 1867 – December 30, 1947)
m. Joseph Stanley-Brown, 3 children
Irvin McDowell Garfield (August 3, 1870 – July 18, 1951)
m. Susan Emmons, 3 children
Abram Garfield (November 21, 1872 – October 16, 1958)
m. Sarah Granger, 2 children, was outlived by Abram
m. Helen Grannis Mathews, no children together
Edward Garfield (December 25 1874 – October 25, 1876), died of whooping cough
Chester Alan Arthur and Ellen Lewis Herndon Arthur
William Lewis Arthur (December 10, 1860 – July 7, 1863), died of convulsions
Chester Alan Arthur II (July 25, 1864 – July 17, 1937)
m. Myra Townsend, one child
m. Rowena Graves, no children
Ellen Herndon “Nell” Arthur Pinkerton (November 21, 1871 – September 6, 1915)
Grover Cleveland 1st term
No children first term, bachelor, married Frances Clara Folsom during his first term
Alleged son of Grover Cleveland and Maria Crofts Halpin
Oscar Folsom Cleveland, (September 1874 – ?),
adopted by James and Sarah King of Buffalo, New York before his fifth birthday; his name was changed to James E. King.
Here, evidence becomes sketchy: he may have become a physician, died before the age of 30, and been buried in Warren, Pennsylvania.
Benjamin Harrison and Caroline Lavinia Scott Harrison
Russell Benjamin Harrison (August 12, 1854 – December 13, 1936) (Born Russell Farnum Lord Harrison)
m. May Angeline Saunders, ?
Mary "Mamie" Scott Harrison McKee (April 3, 1858 – October 28, 1930)
m. James Robert McKee, 2 children
unnamed daughter (June 13, 1861)
Benjamin Harrison and Mary Scott Lord Dimmick Harrison
Elizabeth Harrison Walker (February 21, 1897 – December 26, 1955)
m. James Blaine Walker, one daughter, Jane Harrison Walker who married Newell Garfield, a grandson of Interior Secretary James Rudolph Garfield, and great-grandson of President James Garfield
Grover Cleveland and Frances Clara Folsom Cleveland (later Preston)
Ruth Cleveland (October 3, 1891 – January 7, 1904)
Esther Cleveland Bosanquet (September 9, 1893 – June 26, 1980)
m. Captain William Sydney Bence Bosanquet, 2 children
Marion Cleveland Dell Amen (July 7, 1895 – June 18, 1977)
m. William Stanley Dell, 1 child, divorced
m. John Harlan Amen, 1 child
Richard Folsom “Dick” Cleveland (October 28, 1897 – January 10, 1974)
Francis Grover Cleveland (July 18, 1903 – November 8, 1995)
m. Alice Erdman
William McKinley and Ida Saxton McKinley
Katherine “Katie” McKinley (December 25, 1871 – June 25, 1875), died of typhoid fever
Ida McKinley (daughter) (April 1, 1873 – August 22, 1873), died of unknown causes
Theodore Roosevelt and Alice Hathaway Lee Roosevelt
Alice Lee Roosevelt Longworth (February 12, 1884 – February 20, 1980)
m.  Nicholas Longworth, Speaker of the House, 1 child (paternity disputed)
Theodore Roosevelt and Edith Kermit Carow Roosevelt
Theodore “Ted” Roosevelt, Jr. (September 13, 1887 – July 12, 1944)
m. Eleanor Alexander, 4 children
Kermit Roosevelt (October 10, 1889 – June 4, 1943)
m. Belle Willard, 4 children
Ethel Carow Roosevelt Derby (August 13, 1891 – December 10, 1977)
m. Richard Derby, 4 children
Archibald “Archie” Bulloch Roosevelt (April 9, 1894 – October 13, 1979)
m. Grace Lockwood, 4 children
Quentin Roosevelt (November 19, 1897 – July 14, 1918)
engaged to Flora Layne Whitney at time of death in WWI
William Howard Taft and Helen Louise Herron "Nellie" Taft
Robert Alphonso Taft (September 8, 1889 – July 31, 1953)
m. Martha Wheaton Bowers, 4 children
Helen Herron Taft Manning (August 1, 1891 – February 21, 1987)
m. Frederick Johnson Manning, 2 children
Charles Phelps Taft II (September 20, 1897 – June 24, 1983)
m. Eleanor K. Chase, 7 children
Woodrow Wilson and Ellen Louise Axson Wilson
Margaret Woodrow Wilson (April 13, 1886 – February 12, 1944)
Jessie Woodrow Wilson Sayre (August 28, 1887 – January 15, 1933)
m. Francis Sayre, 3 children
Eleanor Wilson McAdoo (October 16, 1889 – April 5, 1967)
m. William Gibbs McAdoo, Secretary of the Treasury, 2 children, divorced
Woodrow Wilson and Edith Bolling Galt Wilson
No children together (Mrs. Wilson and her first husband, Norman Galt, had a son in 1903 who died a few days after birth.)
Warren Gamaliel Harding and Florence “Flossie” Mabel Kling DeWolfe Harding
Marshall Eugene “Pete” DeWolfe (stepson) (September 22, 1880 – January 1, 1915), was the son of Flossie's first husband, Henry Athenton (Pete) DeWolfe, whom she divorced
m. Esther Naomi Neely, 2 children
Alleged daughter of Warren Harding and Nan Britton
Elizabeth Ann Britton   (October 22, 1919 – November 17, 2005)
m. Henry Blaesing, 3 children
Calvin Coolidge and Grace Anna Goodhue Coolidge
John Coolidge (September 7, 1906 – May 31, 2000)
m. Florence Trumbull, (daughter of CT Gov.), 2 children
Calvin Coolidge, Jr. (April 13, 1908 – July 7, 1924)
Herbert Clark Hoover and Lou Henry Hoover
Herbert Hoover, Jr. (August 8, 1903 – April 9, 1969)
m. Margaret Watson, 3 children
Allan Henry Hoover (July 17, 1907 – November 8, 1993)
m. Margaret Coberly, 3 children
Franklin Delano Roosevelt and Anna Eleanor Roosevelt
Anna Eleanor Roosevelt Dall Boettiger Halstead (May 3, 1906 – December 1, 1975)
m. Curtis Bean Dall, 2 children, divorced
m. (Clarence) John Boettiger, 1 child, divorced
m. James Addison Halstead, no children
James “Jimmy” Roosevelt (December 23, 1907 – August 13, 1991) (debate: 3 or 7 children total)
m. Betsey Maria Cushing, 2 children, divorced
m. Romelle Theresa Schneider, 3 children, divorced
m. Gladys Irene Kitchenmaster Owens, 1 adopted child, divorced
m. Mary Lena Winskill, 1 child
Franklin Roosevelt (March 18, 1909 – November 8, 1909)
Elliott Roosevelt (September 23, 1910 – October 27, 1990)
m. Elizabeth Browning Donner, 1 child, divorced
m. Ruth Josephine Googins, 3 children, divorced
m. Faye Margaret Emerson (actress), no children, divorced
m. Minnewa Bell Burnside Gray Ross, no children, divorced
m. Patricia Peabody Whitehead, adopted her 4 children, 1 child together who died an infant
Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Jr. (August 17, 1914 – August 17, 1988)
m. Ethel du Pont, 2 children (including FDR III), divorced
m. Suzanne Perrin, 2 children, divorced
m. Felicia Schiff Warburg Sarnoff, no children, divorced
m. Patricia Luisa Oakes, 1 child, divorced
m. Linda McKay Stevenson Weicker, no children
John Aspinwall Roosevelt (March 13, 1916 – April 27, 1981)
m. Anne Lindsay Clark, 4 children, divorced
m. Irene Boyd McAlpin, no children
Harry S Truman and Elizabeth “Bess” Virginia Wallace Truman
Margaret Truman (February 17, 1924 – January 29, 2008)
m.  Elbert Clifton Daniel Jr., 4 children
Dwight David Eisenhower and Mamie Geneva Doud Eisenhower
Doud Dwight “Icky” Eisenhower (September 24, 1917 – January 2, 1921), died of scarlet fever
John Sheldon Doud Eisenhower (August 3, 1922 – December 21, 2013)
m. Barbara Jean Thompson, 4 children (including David Eisenhower who married Julie Nixon), divorced
m. Joanne Thompson, no children
John Fitzgerald Kennedy and Jacqueline Lee Bouvier Kennedy (later Onassis)
daughter (stillborn; some sources say her name was Arabella, though only "DAUGHTER" appears on her gravestone) (August 23, 1956)
Caroline Bouvier Kennedy Schlossberg (November 27, 1957 – )
m. Edwin Arthur Schlossberg, 3 children
John Fitzgerald Kennedy, Jr. (November 25, 1960 – July 16, 1999)
m. Carolyn Jeanne Bessette, no children, died together in airplane accident off the coast of Massachusetts in 1999
Patrick Bouvier Kennedy (August 7, 1963 – August 9, 1963) died of respiratory distress secondary to prematurity
Lyndon Baines Johnson and Claudia Alta Taylor “Lady Bird” Johnson
Lynda Bird Johnson Robb (March 19, 1944 – ) (Born Linda Bird Johnson)
m. Charles S. Robb, Governor of Virginia, US Senator, 3 children
Luci Baines Johnson Nugent Turpin (July 2, 1947 – ) (Born Lucy Baines Johnson)
m. Patrick John Nugent, 4 children, annulled
m. Ian J. Turpin, no children
Alleged son of Lyndon Baines Johnson and Madeleine Duncan Brown
Steven Mark Brown (December 27, 1950 – September 28, 1990) filed lawsuit for a share of LBJ's estate; died of cancer before suit was resolved
Richard Milhous Nixon and Thelma Catherine Ryan "Pat" Nixon
Patricia "Tricia" Nixon Cox (February 21, 1946 – )
m. Edward Cox, one child
Julie Nixon Eisenhower (July 5, 1948 – )
m. (Dwight) David Eisenhower II, 3 children
Gerald Rudolph Ford, Jr. and Elizabeth Ann Bloomer Warren Ford
Michael Gerald Ford (March 14, 1950 – )
m. Gayle Ann Brumbaugh, 3 daughters
John “Jack” Gardner Ford (March 16, 1952 – )
m. Juliann Felando, 2 children
Steven Meigs Ford (May 19, 1956 – )
Susan Ford Vance Bales (July 6, 1957 – )
m. Charles Vance, 2 daughters
m. Vaden Bales, no children together, he has three
James Earl Carter, Jr. and Eleanor Rosalynn Smith Carter
John William “Jack” Carter (July 3, 1947 – )
m. Juliet “Judy” Lanford, 2 children
m. Elizabeth Brasfield, no children together, she has two
James Earl “Chip” Carter III (April 12, 1950 – )
m. Caron Griffin, one child (James Earl Carter IV), divorced
m. Ginger Hodges, one child
m. Becky Payne, no children together
Donnell Jeffrey “Jeff” Carter (August 18, 1952 – )
m. Annette Jene Davis
Amy Lynn Carter Wentzel (October 19, 1967 – )
m. James Gregory Wentzel, one child
Ronald Wilson Reagan
Marriage with Jane Wyman
Maureen Elizabeth Reagan Filippone Sills Revell (Adopted) (January 4, 1941 – August 3, 2001)
m. John Filippone, no children (div.)
m. David Sills, no children (div.)
m. Dennis Revell, one adopted child
Michael Reagan (adopted) (March 18, 1945 – )
m. Pamela Putnam, no children (div.)
m. Colleen Sterns, 2 children
Christine Reagan (June 27, 1947 – June 28, 1947) born too early to survive
Marriage with Nancy Davis Reagan
Patricia “Patti Davis” Ann Reagan (October 22, 1952 – )
m. Paul Grilley, no children (div.)
Ronald Prescott Reagan (May 20, 1958 – )
m. Doria Palmieri, no children
George Herbert Walker Bush and Barbara Pierce Bush
George Walker Bush (July 6, 1946 – ) 43rd U.S. President
m. Laura Welch, two children
Pauline Robinson “Robin” Bush (December 20, 1949 – October 11, 1953)
John Ellis “Jeb” Bush (February 11, 1953 – ) Governor of Florida
m. Columba Garnica Gallo, 3 children
Neil Mallon Bush (January 22, 1955 – )
m. Sharon Smith, 3 children, divorced
m. Maria Andrews, no children together, she has at least one
Marvin Pierce Bush (October 22, 1956 – )
m. Margaret Conway Molster, 2 adopted children
Dorothy “Doro” Bush LeBlond Koch (August 18, 1959 – )
m. William “Billy” LeBlond, 2 children, divorced
m. Robert “Bobby” P. Koch, 2 children
William Jefferson Clinton and Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton
Chelsea Victoria Clinton (February 27, 1980 – )
married to Marc Mezvinsky on July 31, 2010, in Rhinebeck, New York
George Walker Bush and Laura Lane Welch Bush
Barbara Pierce Bush (November 25, 1981 – )
Jenna Welch Bush (November 25, 1981 – )
married to Henry Hager on May 10, 2008, at the home of her parents in Crawford, Texas
Barack Obama and Michelle Robinson Obama
Malia Ann Obama (July 4, 1998 – )
Sasha Obama (June 10, 2001 – )
Marriage with Ivana Zelníčková
Donald Trump Jr. (December 31, 1977 - )
m. Vannessa Haydon in 2005; 5 children
Ivanka Trump (October 30, 1981 - )
m. Jared Kushner in 2009; 3 children
Eric Trump (January 6, 1984 - )
m. Lara Yunaska in 2014; 1 child
Marriage with Marla Maples
Tiffany Trump (October 13, 1993 - )
Marriage with Melania Knauss
Barron Trump (March 20, 2006 - )
Bonnie Angelo, First Families: The Impact of the White House on Their Lives,
William A. Degregorio, The Complete Book of U.S. Presidents, Wings Books, 1991
Doug Wead, All the President's Children:  Triumph and Tragedy in the Lives of America's First Families, Atria Books, New York, 2003,
Larry D. Underwood.
All the President's Children, Dageford Publishing, 2002,  (a children's book)
Quinn-Musgrove, Sandra L. and Kanter, Sanford, America's Royalty: All the President's Children, Olympic Marketing,
Lythgoes genealogy search
Dolores Hope (May 27, 1909 – September 19, 2011) was an American singer.
She was the widow of Bob Hope.
Hope was born Dolores DeFina on May 27, 1909.
She was of Italian and Irish ancestry.
She began her career in the 1930s.
Marriage to Bob
In 1933, she met Bob Hope the first time in a Manhattan nightclub.
They married in 1934.
The couple adopted four children: Eleanora, Anthony, Linda and Kelly.
She and her husband entertained U.S. troops from the 1940s until the 1990s.
Dolores Hope did this job over the time of a half century until the 1990s.
In 1990, she was the only female entertainer who was allowed to go to Saudi Arabia.
She was often awarded for her work, for example with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame and seven honorary Doctorates.
A street was named after Dolores Hope in the Bronx.
She was with her husband as he turned 100.
Shortly after, and 69 years after their marriage, Bob Hope died in summer of 2003 at age 100.
On May 27, 2009, Dolores Hope celebrated her 100th birthday.
She died on September 19, 2011.
Dolores Hope biography
Anthony J. Hope, Bob Hope's Son, dies at 63
Miranda (late latin Miranda meaning to be admired at  or "watchtower", "vantage point").
Miranda is also a family name and a female given name.
Miranda Hart (born 1972), British actress and comedienne
Miranda Krestovnikoff (born 1973), British television presenter
Miranda Richardson (born 1958), British actress
Miranda (Shakespeare),  the daughter of Duke Prospero in William Shakespeare's The Tempest
Miranda (novel), a novel by Antoni Lange written in 1924
Miranda Cornielle, a character in the webcomic User Friendly
Miranda Priestly, a character in the novel and movie The Devil Wears Prada
Miranda, New South Wales, a suburb of Sydney
Miranda, Mato Grosso do Sul, a town in the Mato Grosso do Sul state of Brazil named for sitting on a river of the same name
Miranda, Cauca, a town in Cauca province
Miranda, Italy, a city in the province of Isernia
Miranda, New Zealand, historical fort and small village in the Firth of Thames, New Zealand, best known as the location of the Miranda Shorebird Centre
Miranda do Corvo, town and municipality
Miranda do Douro, a municipality
Terra de Miranda, the historical name of a mesa in northeastern Portugal
Belmonte de Miranda, also called Miranda in Asturian language, a municipality in Asturias
Miranda de Arga, town and municipality in northern Spain
Miranda de Ebro, an industrial city in the Burgos province of Spain
Miranda (state), one of the twenty-three states of Venezuela
Miranda, California, a census-designated place in Humboldt County, California
The scientific name for the yellow garden spider is Miranda aurantia
Miranda herba another name for the pitcher plant Nepenthes distillatoria
Miranda (moon), a moon of Uranus
Miranda (programming language), a functional programming language
Miranda IM, an open source multiprotocol instant messaging application for Microsoft Windows
Miranda Camera Company, a former Japanese camera manufacturer which ceased operations in 1976
Miranda House, a residential college for women, forming part of Delhi University, India
Miranda Do Douro language, see Mirandese language spoken in parts of Portugal
Miranda railway station in Sydney, Australia
A character from British science fiction television series Doctor Who
Miranda (TV series), British television series
Estado Miranda is one of the 23 states of Venezuela.
The state capital is Los Teques.
Miranda State covers a total surface area of 7,950 km².
It is the second largest state in population after Zulia Venezuela, approximately 3,028,965 (2011).
Municipalities and municipal seats
Miranda state is sub-divided into 21 municipalities,.
given below with their areas, populations and administrative seats:
Other important towns
Hidrography
El principal río del estado es el río Tuy.
Nace a 2.100 m de altitud y recorre de 250 km.
Otros ris del estado son: Guaire, Grande, Curiepe, Capaya, Guapo, Chupaquire, Panapo, Uchire, Chuspa and Aricagua.
El Ávila National Park.
Guatopo National Park.
Laguna de Tacarigua National Park.
Macarao National Park.
Natural monuments
Cueva Alfredo Jahn.
Pico Codazzi.
Cuevas del Indio Park.
Other sites of interest
Acuario Agustín Codazzi.
Birongo.
El Pueblo El Jarillo.
Higuerote.
Playa de Carenero.
Playa de Chirimena.
Playas de Barlovento.
Playas de Buche y Los Totumos.
Puerto Francés.
Tren El Encanto.
Gobernación del Estado Miranda
Instituto Autónomo de Bibliotecas e Información del Estado Miranda
Estación Meteorológica de los altos mirandinos
Information about the region of the Tuy Valley
Notices about the region of Barlovento at Barloventoardiente.com
Guatire.net
Guarenas.com
Miranda is a novel written by Antoni Lange in 1924.
It is the last great work of Lange  and his most famous book today.
It is said that Miranda is an "occultic fiction" and a "romance ranked to a philosophical treaty".
The novel is also known as a mix of dystopia and utopia.
Explanation of the novel's title
The novel's title refers to the character Miranda, from Shakespeare's play The Tempest.
Miranda also has been influenced by work such as: Men Like Gods by Herbert George Wells; The City of the Sun by Tommaso Campanella; Lenore by Edgar Allan Poe,;Genezis z Ducha by Juliusz Słowacki; poems by Cyprian Kamil Norwid; writings of Friedrich Nietzsche (criticism of concept of the Übermensch); Arthur Schopenhauer; Plato; and Sanskrit epics of ancient India.
The novel tells about a civilization of Brahmans who have powerful skills.
They can speak with their minds, and levitate (float in the air).
The Brahmans in the book think the most important things are anarchy, freedom, peace, and free love.
Their country is led by the Ministry of Love, Ministry of Power and Ministry of Wisdom.
The Brahmans use a strange chemical named Nivridium to keep their self-perfect idea.
The story is the of a Polish emigrant named Jan Podobłoczny (Lange's own parte-parole) falling in love with a woman named Damayanti.
The book ends in a tragedy.
In the last chapter of the novel, Damayanti sacrifices her body in order to let her spirit fly to a greater level of though.
Miranda is a Scottish spiritual medium, who lives in Warsaw.
She can talk with the soul of Damayanti and make a woman named Lenore appear.
She meets Jan Podobłoczny when he is close to his death.
In the moment when Damayanti dies, Miranda disappears.
1920s books
Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) is a semi-aquatic rodent of South America.
It weighs about a hundred pounds, and is about two feet tall at the shoulder.