the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
After graduating from Matsunaga High School, he joined J1 League side Sanfrecce Hiroshima in 1993.
The club won the 2nd place in 1994 J1 League and 1995, 1996 and 1999 Emperor's Cup.
He played in many matches as defender from his first season, except at times when he was injured.
After 11 year's long service at Sanfrecce Hiroshima, he moved to Cerezo Osaka in 2004, then Tokyo Verdy (2005–2006).
After a brief spell at YSCC Yokohama, he joined his local club Rosso Kumamoto (later Roasso Kumamoto) in 2007.
He damaged his knee ligaments three times and experienced seven operations.
These injuries have affected his form.
Uemura retired from professional football after the 2008 season.
He represented the Japan U-23 national team at the 1996 Summer Olympics.
He scored a goal in a group stage match against Hungary.
Although Japan won 2 matches, Japan exited in the first round.
Japan beat Brazil in their first game.
In April 2001, Uemura was selected by the Japan national team.
National team manager Philippe Troussier gave him his first full international cap on April 25 in a friendly against Spain.
He was a member of the Japan team for the 2001 Confederations Cup.
He played three games and Japan won second place.
He played 4 games for Japan in 2001.
After the retirement, Uemura started coaching career at J2 League club Roasso Kumamoto in 2009.
In 2013, he moved to J2 club Kamatamare Sanuki and served as assistant coach under manager Makoto Kitano.
However the club was relegated to J3 League end of 2018 season.
In 2019, Uemura became a manager as Kitano successor and he managed the club in 1 season.
|1993||rowspan="11"|Sanfrecce Hiroshima||rowspan="10"|J1 League||17||1||2||0||6||0||25||1
|1994||26||0||2||0||1||0||29||0
|1995||46||4||4||0||colspan="2"|-||50||4
|1996||12||2||0||0||7||0||19||2
|1997||3||0||0||0||0||0||3||0
|1998||17||0||3||0||0||0||20||0
|1999||29||7||5||1||4||1||38||9
|2000||28||6||2||0||3||0||33||6
|2001||25||2||2||0||5||0||32||2
|2002||10||1||4||0||0||0||14||1
|2003||J2 League||38||0||4||0||colspan="2"|-||42||0
|2004||Cerezo Osaka||J1 League||15||0||0||0||6||0||21||0
|2005||rowspan="2"|Tokyo Verdy||J1 League||18||0||1||0||4||0||23||0
|2006||J2 League||1||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||1||0
|2006||YSCC Yokohama||Regional Leagues||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|2007||Rosso Kumamoto||Football League||30||3||1||0||colspan="2"|-||31||3
|2008||Roasso Kumamoto||J2 League||28||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||28||0
Footballers from Kumamoto Prefecture
YSCC Yokohama players
Roasso Kumamoto players
Dunga (born 31 October 1963) is a former Brazilian football player.
Now he is the coach of Brazil national team.
|1982||rowspan="3"|Internacional||rowspan="3"|Série A||1||0||||||||||1||0
|1983||4||0||||||||||4||0
|1984||5||0||||||||||5||0
|1985||Corinthians||Série A||13||1||||||||||13||1
|1986||Santos||Série A||16||1||||||||||16||1
|1987||Vasco da Gama||Série A||17||1||||||||||17||1
|1987/88||Pisa||Serie A||23||2||||||||||23||2
|1988/89||rowspan="4"|Fiorentina||rowspan="4"|Serie A||30||3||||||||||30||3
|1989/90||28||0||||||||||28||0
|1990/91||33||1||||||||||33||1
|1991/92||33||4||||||||||33||4
|1992/93||Pescara||Serie A||23||3||||||||||23||3
|1993/94||rowspan="2"|Stuttgart||rowspan="2"|Bundesliga||27||4||||||||||27||4
|1994/95||26||4||||||||||26||4
|1995||rowspan="4"|Júbilo Iwata||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||25||1||2||0||colspan="2"|-||27||1
|1996||20||4||1||0||13||0||34||4
|1997||26||5||0||0||11||1||37||6
|1998||28||6||0||0||0||0||28||6
|1999||Internacional||Série A||15||1||||||||||15||1
|1989||15||0
|1994||13||1
|1997||17||1
Total||91||6
Ri Han-Jae (born 27 June 1982) is a North Korean football player.
He plays for Consadole Sapporo.
|2001||rowspan="9"|Sanfrecce Hiroshima||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|2002||1||0||4||0||1||0||6||0
|2003||J. League 2||22||1||4||0||colspan="2"|-||26||1
|2004||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||26||1||1||0||5||0||32||1
|2005||19||1||1||0||0||0||20||1
|2006||26||2||2||0||6||0||34||2
|2007||6||0||2||0||3||0||11||0
|2008||J. League 2||37||1||4||0||colspan="2"|-||41||1
|2009||J. League 1||14||1||2||0||3||0||19||1
|2010||Consadole Sapporo||J. League 2||||||||||||||||
Total||7||1
North Korean footballers
Clarence Clyde Seedorf (born 1 April 1976) is a Dutch football player.
He plays for Botafogo and Netherlands national team.
|1992/93||rowspan="3"|Ajax||rowspan="3"|Eredivisie||12||1||colspan="2"|-||3||0||15||1
|1993/94||19||4||colspan="2"|-||2||0||21||4
|1994/95||34||6||colspan="2"|-||11||0||45||6
|1995/96||Sampdoria||Serie A||32||3||2||1||colspan="2"|-||34||4
|1996/97||rowspan="4"|Real Madrid||rowspan="4"|La Liga||38||6||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||38||6
|1997/98||36||6||colspan="2"|-||11||0||47||6
|1998/99||37||3||colspan="2"|-||8||3||45||6
|1999/00||10||0||colspan="2"|-||6||0||16||0
|1999/00||rowspan="3"|Internazionale Milano||rowspan="3"|Serie A||20||3||5||2||0||0||25||5
|2000/01||24||2||4||0||7||3||35||5
|2001/02||20||3||2||1||10||0||32||4
|2002/03||rowspan="8"|Milan||rowspan="8"|Serie A||29||4||3||2||16||1||48||7
|2003/04||29||3||5||0||8||0||42||3
|2004/05||32||5||4||1||13||1||49||7
|2005/06||36||4||2||1||11||1||49||6
|2006/07||32||7||5||0||14||3||51||10
|2007/08||32||7||0||0||7||2||39||9
|2008/09||33||6||1||0||7||0||41||6
|2009/10||29||5||0||0||8||1||37||6
|2002||2||1
Total||87||11
Ryuta Matsushima (born 12 November 1980) is a former Japanese football player.
He has played for Kashima Antlers.
|1999||rowspan="3"|Kashima Antlers||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|2000||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|2001||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|1994||rowspan="10"|Sanfrecce Hiroshima||rowspan="9"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|1995||31||0||5||0||colspan="2"|-||36||0
|1996||24||0||5||0||8||1||37||1
|1997||32||0||2||0||5||1||39||1
|1998||28||0||3||0||3||0||34||0
|1999||26||0||5||0||4||0||35||0
|2000||30||0||1||0||4||0||35||0
|2001||28||0||2||0||6||0||36||0
|2002||14||0||4||0||4||0||22||0
|2003||J. League 2||16||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||18||0
|2004||rowspan="2"|Albirex Niigata||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||24||0||0||0||5||0||29||0
|2005||22||1||0||0||2||0||24||1
|2006||New Wave Kitakyushu||Regional Leagues||14||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||14||0
|2006||Fagiano Okayama||Regional Leagues||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|2007||rowspan="3"|New Wave Kitakyushu||Regional Leagues||18||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||18||0
|2008||rowspan="2"|Football League||30||1||2||0||colspan="2"|-||32||1
|2009||34||1||1||0||colspan="2"|-||35||1
|2010||Giravanz Kitakyushu||J. League 2||||||||||||||||
Giravanz Kitakyushu players
Claudio Ranieri (born 20 October 1951) is an Italian former football player and manager who was recently the head coach of Premier League club Watford.
Watford decided to sack Ranieri than less than four months in charge amid relegation battle.
Takagi was born in Minamishimabara on November 12, 1967.
After graduating from Osaka University of Commerce, he joined Japan Soccer League Division 2 club Fujita Industries in 1990.
In 1991, he moved to Division 1 club Mazda (later Sanfrecce Hiroshima).
The club won the 2nd place in the 1994 J1 League and he was selected Best Eleven.
The club also won the 1995 and 1996 Emperor's Cup.
He played 173 matches and scored 62 goals for the club.
In 1998, he moved to Verdy Kawasaki.
In 2000, he moved to J2 League club Consadole Sapporo.
The club won the champions in 2000 and was promoted to J1 from 2001.
However he retired end of the 2000 season.
On May 31, 1992, Takagi debuted for the Japan national team against Argentina.
He played 5 matches and scored a winning goal against Saudi Arabia at the final.
He also played at 1994 Asian Games and 1996 Asian Cup.
He played 44 games and scored 27 goals for Japan until 1997.
In 2006, Takagi became an assistant coach under the manager Yusuke Adachi at J2 League club Yokohama FC.
In March, Adachi was sacked for poor performance and Takagi became a new manager.
The club won the champions in 2006 and was promoted to J1 League from 2007.
However the club results were bad in J1 and he was sacked in August.
In 2008, he became an assistant coach under the manager Tetsuji Hashiratani at J1 club Tokyo Verdy.
The club was relegated to J2 end of 2008 season and Takagi became a new manager as Hashiratani successor from 2009.
However Takagu was sacked in October.
In 2010, he signed with J2 club Roasso Kumamoto and managed the club until 2012.
In 2013, he moved to his local club V-Varen Nagasaki which was promoted to J2 from 2013.
The club won the 2nd place in 2017 and was promoted to J1 from 2018.
However the club finished at the bottom place in 2018 and was relegated to J2 in a year.
He also resigned end of 2018 season.
In 2019, he signed with J2 club Omiya Ardija and managed the club until 2020.
|1990/91||Fujita Industries||JSL Division 2||15||3||||||0||0||15||3
|1991/92||Mazda||JSL Division 1||22||9||||||0||0||22||9
|1992||rowspan="6"|Sanfrecce Hiroshima||rowspan="6"|J1 League||colspan="2"|-||0||0||7||4||7||4
|1993||29||11||2||0||0||0||31||11
|1994||42||14||0||0||1||0||43||14
|1995||24||5||5||4||colspan="2"|-||29||9
|1996||30||11||5||2||6||1||41||14
|1997||26||12||2||1||0||0||28||13
|1998||rowspan="2"|Verdy Kawasaki||rowspan="2"|J1 League||22||9||3||0||1||0||26||9
|1999||18||2||0||0||3||1||21||3
|2000||Consadole Sapporo||J2 League||17||0||3||1||1||0||21||1
Total||44||27
The peppered moth (Biston betularia) is a species of night-flying moth.
They are often used by educators as an example of natural selection: see peppered moth evolution.
The caterpillars of the peppered moth mimic the form and also the colour of the twig they rest on.
The caterpillars can sense the twig’s colour with their skin and match their body colour to the background to protect themselves from predators.
The evolution of the peppered moth has been studied in detail over the last 150 years.
At first, almost all of the moths were light coloured.
This gave them camouflage against the light-coloured trees and lichens where they rested during the day.
As pollution increased during the Industrial Revolution in England, many of the lichens died out.
The trees became blackened by soot, and most of the light-coloured moths, or typica, became rare.
At the same time, the dark-coloured, or melanic, moths, carbonaria, flourished.
This change took place because  the best camouflaged moths survived better.
The term industrial melanism refers to the genetic darkening of species in response to pollutants.
Since then, with an improved environment, light-coloured peppered moths have again become common.
As a result of the relatively simple and easy-to-understand circumstances of the adaptation, the peppered moth has become a common example used in explaining or demonstrating natural selection.
Rise and fall of melanism
Melanism has appeared in the European and North American peppered moth populations.
Information about the initial rise in melanic frequency is scarce.
Much more is known about the subsequent fall in phenotype frequency, because it was measured with moth traps.
A black peppered moth was found in 1811, a rareity, no doubt caused by a gene mutation.
By 1864 the darker 'carbonaria' form was the more common morph in  Manchester.
By 1895, it reached a frequency of 98% in Manchester.
From around 1962 to the present, the phenotype frequency of carbonaria has steadily fallen.
Its decline has been measured more accurately than its rise, because of better scientific studies.
Bernard Kettlewell conducted a national survey in 1956, Bruce Grant conducted a similar one in early 1996, and L.M. Cook in 2003.
Similar results were found in America.
Melanic forms have not been found in Japan.
This may be because peppered moths in Japan do not live in industrialised regions.
Predation experiments
In 1896 J.W. Tutt suggested that the increased proportion of carbonaria was caused by differential bird predation.
This meant birds took more light-coloured moths in dark areas, and more dark-coloured moths in light areas.
Various experiments have been performed on predation of the peppered moth, and each has supported this hypothesis.
The most famous experiments on the peppered moth were carried out by Bernard Kettlewell under the supervision of E.B. Ford.
In one of Kettlewell's experiments, moths were released into a large (18 m by 6 m) aviary, where they were fed on by Great Tits (Parus major).
In 1953, Kettlewell experimented at Cadbury Nature Reserve in Birmingham.
He marked, released and recaptured the marked moths.
He found, in polluted woodland, more typica morphs were taken.
This showed that the melanistic phenotype was important to the survival of peppered moths in such a habitat.
Kettlewell repeated the experiment in 1955 in an unpolluted woodland in Dorset, and again in polluted woods in Birmingham.
He was accompanied by Niko Tinbergen, and they made a film of this.
Further studies by others found similar results.
Finally, in 1996, work on both sides of the Atlantic found a correlation between changes in melanic frequencies and pollution levels.
A field experiment in biology will always have some artificiality, but that has to be balanced against practicality and costs.
The most important aspect is that an experiment gives useful information.
The only previous experiments of this type were R.A. Fisher and E.B. Ford's with the Scarlet tiger moth.
Later experiments
In 2000 Majerus developed plans for further experiments.
In the main experiment in Cambridge from 20012007 Majerus added an experiment to find if bat predation might have skewed the results – this found that bats preyed equally on both forms of the moth.
He observed a number bird species preying on the moths.
The overall data led him to conclude that differential bird predation was a major factor responsible for the decline in carbonaria frequency compared to typica in Cambridge during the study period.
He described his results as a complete vindication of the peppered moth story, and said "If the rise and fall of the peppered moth is one of the most visually impacting and easily understood examples of Darwinian evolution in action, it should be taught.
It provides after all the proof of evolution".
Majerus died before he could complete the writing up of his experiments, but the work was carried on by others.
The paper said that "These data provide the most direct evidence yet to implicate camouflage and bird predation as the overriding explanation for the rise and fall of melanism in moths".
The new data, coupled with the weight of previous data show that "industrial melanism in the peppered moth is still one of the clearest and most easily understood examples of Darwinian evolution in action".
Camouflage of caterpillars
Biston betularia caterpillars also occur in two forms, each adapted to a different situation.
They develop body colours which match the brown or green twigs of their host plant.
This is done by a mechanism called polyphenism.
Polyphenism is a kind of polymorphism where different forms of an animal are caused by the same genome.
The animal inherits the capability, but the environment determines which form develops.
This contrasts with genetic polymorphism of the adults, where each morph (form) inherits a slightly different genome.
Polyphenism occurs when the animal inherits a developmental switch.
The switch is sensitive to some environmental cue or trigger.
In this case, researchers discovered that visual experience triggered precise color matching.
"Their induced body color... matched the wavelength of light to which they were exposed... the potential to change color is retained until the final (sixth) larval instar.
Given their broad host range, this directly induced color polyphenism likely provides the caterpillars with strong protection from bird predation".
The superfamily Papilionoidea (from the genus Papilio, meaning "butterfly") has all the butterflies except for the skippers, which are in the superfamily Hesperioidea, and the  moth-like Hedyloidea.
Families of Papilionoidea
Swallowtails and Birdwings, Papilionidae
Whites or Yellow-Whites, Pieridae
Blues and Coppers or Gossamer-Winged Butterflies, Lycaenidae
Metalmark butterflies, Riodinidae
Hesperiidae, skippers
Brush-footed butterflies, Nymphalidae which contain the following 13 subfamilies:
the snout butterflies or Libytheinae (formerly the family Libytheidae).
the Danaids or Danainae (formerly the family Danaidae).
the Tellervinae.
the glasswings or Ithomiinae.
the Calinaginae.
the morphos and owls or Morphinae (including the owls as tribe Brassolini).
the Browns or Satyrinae (formerly the family Satyridae).
the Charaxinae (preponas and leaf butterflies).
the Biblidinae.
the Apaturinae.
the nymphs or Nymphalinae.
the Limenitidinae (especially the adelphas) (formerly the family Limenitididae).
the tropical longwings or Heliconiinae.
The Ditrysia are a natural group or clade of insects in the Lepidopteran order.
It contains both butterflies and moths.
They are called ditrisians because the female has two distinct sexual openings: one for mating, and the other for laying eggs.
About 98% of described species of Lepidoptera belong to Ditrysia.
The group can be divided into basal or incertae sedis "micromoths", and the Apoditrysia.
The Apoditrysia includes mostly the larger moths and the butterflies.
The Lycaenidae  are the second-largest family of butterflies, with about 6000 species worldwide.
They are also called gossamer-winged butterflies.
The family includes many beautiful species.
Some, like the Palos Verdes blue, are critically endangered.
The Lycaenids were favourites of the Russian novelist and lepidopterist Vladimir Nabokov.
The Angled Darkie (Allotinus fabius) is a small butterfly.
It is found in India, Myanmar and South East Asia.
It belongs to the Lycaenidae family.
Allotinus drumila
Allotinus horsfieldii
Allotinus major
Allotinus multistrigatus
Allotinus subviolaceus
Nyssa is a fictional character in the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who.
Nyssa came from the planet Traken.
Nyssa was created by writer Johnny Byrne for the Fourth Doctor serial The Keeper of Traken, but the production team later decided that she should join the Doctor on his travels.
She returned in the next serial Logopolis, in which the Fourth Doctor regenerated, and remained as a  companion of the Fifth Doctor.
She was a regular in the programme from 1981 to 1983.
Sutton was the youngest female actor to play a companion in the series.
Nyssa is a alien from the planet Traken, the daughter of Tremas (a consul of the Traken Union) and stepdaughter of Kassia.
She helps the Doctor and Adric to defeat Master.
During her journeys with Tegan and Adric aboard the TARDIS, Nyssa finds herself trapped in a mathematical equation by the Master – whom she hates as he is, of course, now using "that face" (her father's).
She also encounters a race of androids and their insane ruler, helps foil the genocidal plans of a wounded Terileptil and incidentally start the Great Fire of London, and discovers her remarkable resemblance to Ann Talbot.
Nyssa's fate after she leaves the TARDIS is not known, although the spin-off novel Asylum, by Peter Darvill-Evans, reveals that she eventually leaves Terminus and settles down as an academic in a university on an unspecified planet.
In Asylum, Nyssa shares an adventure with the Fourth Doctor from a time before he met her, leaving the Doctor with the knowledge that he will have to be extremely careful dealing with Nyssa when they eventually meet to avoid changing history.
The Keeper of Traken
The Land of the Dead
Winter for the Adept
The Mutant Phase
Renaissance of the Daleks
Return to the Web Planet
The Haunting of Thomas Brewster
The Boy That Time Forgot
Time Reef & A Perfect World
The Darkening Eye
The Sands of Time by Justin Richards
Cold Fusion by Lance Parkin
Zeta Major by Simon Messingham
Divided Loyalties by Gary Russell
Asylum by Peter Darvill-Evans
Fear of the Dark by Trevor Baxendale
Empire of Death by David Bishop
"On The Planet Isopterus" by Glenn Rix (Doctor Who Annual 1983)
"Blood Invocation" by Paul Cornell and John Ridgway (Doctor Who Magazine Yearbook 1995)
Nyssa at The TARDIS Index File website
Nyssa on the BBC's Doctor Who website
Harry Sullivan is a fictional character from the British science-fiction television series Doctor Who.
He was a companion of the Fourth Doctor.
Harry Sullivan was played by Ian Marter, the character appears as a regular during the programme's twelfth season in 1974–1975.
Harry is a doctor in the Royal Navy, who is also a medical officer to the United Nations Intelligence Taskforce, the military organisation to which the Doctor works for as a scientific advisor.
He is first mentioned (though not seen) in Planet of the Spiders, when the Brigadier thinks the Third Doctor has gone into a coma.
The Brigadier calls "Doctor Sullivan" and asks him to come to the Doctor's laboratory, but tells him not to bother when Sergeant Benton wakes the Doctor by offering him a cup of coffee.
In the next serial, Robot, after the Doctor's third regeneration, Sullivan is called in to help him, and ends up travelling aboard the TARDIS with the Fourth Doctor and Sarah-Jane Smith (played by Elisabeth Sladen) for several adventures.
The character was originally devised by the production team to do any action scenes required in episodes when they had envisioned that the new Doctor would be played by an older actor (Sarah-Jane even jokingly compares Harry to James Bond at one point).
When forty year-old Tom Baker was cast, however, this was no longer a concern and the decision was taken to write Harry out — something producer Philip Hinchcliffe later admitted was probably a mistake, as Harry was a likeable and popular character who worked well with both of his fellow leads.
Harry's last regular appearance is in the season thirteen opener Terror of the Zygons, which had actually been made at the conclusion of the twelfth production block and held over to start the following season.
At the conclusion of this story he chooses to return to London by train rather than by TARDIS with the Doctor and Sarah-Jane, who continue their adventures without him.
He does, however, reappear three stories later in The Android Invasion, both as the original Harry and an android double.
A photo of Harry can be seen in Sarah-Jane Smith's attic in The Sarah-Jane Adventures and in "Invasion of the Bane", Sarah-Jane thought of naming her newly adopted son after him before deciding on Luke.
The Android Invasion
The Companions of Doctor Who
Harry Sullivan's War by Ian Marter
Blood Heat by Jim Mortimore (parallel universe version of Harry)
Damaged Goods by Russell T. Davies
System Shock by Justin Richards
A Device of Death by Christopher Bulis
The Face of the Enemy by David A. McIntee
Millennium Shock by Justin Richards
Wolfsbane by Jacqueline Rayner
"The Man From DOCTO(R)" by Andrew Collins (Short Trips: Companions)
"To Kill a Nandi Bear" by Paul Williams (Short Trips: Past Tense)
"UNIT Christmas Parties: Ships That Pass" by Karen Dunn (Short Trips: A Christmas Treasury)
"Suitors, Inc." by Paul Magrs (Short Trips: Seven Deadly Sins)
"The Last Broadcast" by Matthew Griffiths (Short Trips: A Day in the Life)
"Mutiny" by Robert Dick (Short Trips: Defining Patterns)
"The Psychic Jungle" by Paul Crompton (Doctor Who Annual 1976)
"Neuronic Nightmare" by Paul Crompton (Doctor Who Annual 1976)
"The Body Snatcher" by Paul Crompton (Doctor Who Annual 1977)
"Menace on Metalupiter" by Paul Crompton (Doctor Who Annual 1977)
"Black Destiny" by Gary Russell, Martin Geraghty and Bambos Georgiou (Doctor Who Magazine 235–237)
Harry Sullivan at The TARDIS Index File website
Harry Sullivan on the BBC's Doctor Who website
A fire drill is a sudden practice event, where people leave a building.
They are practicing what they would do if there was a fire in the building.
The event is started when the fire alarm goes off.
The fire alarm sound can either be a continuous metal bell, a horn or a two-tone siren.
Some old alarms in the UK like the Chloride Gent Warbler will curve between the two tones.
The entire building is evacuated and everybody leaves the building using the nearest fire exit.
At a school, college or university, the teacher or the lecturer counts the people outside to find out if anyone is missing.
Sometimes people are evacuated when a drill is not scheduled by the school.
This is called a false alarm.
There are rules and regulations in place where fire alarm devices should be tested on a weekly basis.
If the fire alarm sounds and the building is not evacuated, this may be due to the a scheduled fire alarm test that people already know about.
In the United Kingdom, the law recommends that all schools must do a fire drill every term.
But with the current UK government laws,  any organization in the UK should conduct a fire drill once a year.
In addition to sounding the fire alarms for regular fire drills during term time, regular health and safety checks such as testing fire alarm systems and fire extinguishers must be done weekly.
During half term holidays and breaks, these tests are often done during the day so that staff who work during term time know what the fire alarm sounds like.
The fire alarm in the United Kingdom sounds either a continuous two tone buzzer or a beep similar to an electronic game beeping in test mode.
Sometimes depending on the sounder used, the buzzer can curve between the two tones.
In the United States, different states have laws that say how often schools must have fire drills.
For example, in many states, schools must have one fire drill per month and fire alarms can either be continuous, or set to different codes such as code 3.
Fire drills commonly take place in schools, colleges and public companies.
In public transport such as cruise ships, it is called a muster drill.
Fire drills aren't done on airplanes, but a safety demonstration  that shows the emergency procedures of the aircraft is done instead.
If an aircraft is about to perform an emergency landing, the passangers on the aircraft are told to take the safety brace position on hearing the "brace" command.
Different ways of having fire drills
During fire drills, some schools block exits with a piece of cardboard or something else that is supposed to stand for a fire.
This makes people practice finding another way out of the building.
An example of state fire drill laws in the United States: Minnesota school fire drill laws
A fire alarm is an electronic sounder or a bell.
The alarm makes a loud, high pitched sound to notify people that there is a fire in the building.
The sounders can be programmed to sound different tones.
Most fire alarm sounders in Europe sound like a siren.
The bell makes a continuous ringing sound.
There are also companies like HST Fire and KKmoon which produce fire alarms and pull stations.
In every building, the fire alarms are hooked up to a main control panel, which allows the inspector or janitor to perform fire drills, do inspections on pull stations, and more.
Some examples of companies which make fire alarms are Wheelock, Simplex, Edwards, Gentex, Johnson Controls, Fire-Lite, and Notifier(Fire-Lite and Notifier both being owned by Honeywell).
There is also Fulleon who are best known for their Roshni electronic sounder.
These sounders are often used around Europe and they have 32 user selectable tones.
Sometimes, old-fashioned fire alarms are metal bells.
Many fire alarm systems also have flashing lights, also known as strobes.
These are important for deaf people who cannot hear the fire alarm.
There are also special alarms which are less loud for sleeping areas, so that people are not startled, and white fire alarms for dark walls.
In larger buildings, There are 2-step systems with a recorded message, which start off by stating the emergency and waiting for the security guards to be sure there is a fire, then asking for the occupants of the building to calmly evacuate.
In smaller areas, there is an immediate alarm, without voice.
Fire alarms are often used in schools and other places during fire drills, or in the case of a real fire.
If somebody activates a fire alarm for fun or without reason, it is called a false alarm.
Setting off a false alarm is against the law in most places.
There are different systems, which can do the following:
Automatically alert the fire department, there is a fire
Alerting an internal security service, who is able to check if there is a false alarm, before alerting the fire department.
Trigger an alarm to clear the building
Start heat and smoke vents, fire sprinklers, emergency lighting, and similar systems
Controlling elevators (Most elevators are not safe to use during a fire)
DIN 14675-1 is about fire safety.
It has four levels of protection:
Level 1: Complete protection (the whole building is protected)
Level 2: Partial protection: There are one or more sections of the building that are protected
Level 3: Fire escape paths are protected
Level 4: Individual objects (e.g. valuables) are protected
Jiangxi is a province of People's Republic of China.
Its capital and largest city is Nanchang.
"Map of Jiangxi Province with Explanations" is an old map made between the years of 1573 and 1620
In vitro fertilisation (IVF) is a way to let sperm fertilise egg cells outside of the womb.
IVF is used so that infertile women may still have children.
IVF is done by:
Injecting a chemical drug to stop a woman's menstrual cycle
Injecting FSH so that an ova is released from the woman's ovaries
HCG is injected to loosen the ova
The ova is removed from the vagina
A sample of sperm is taken
The sperm and egg are added together and a sperm will fertilise an egg
The fertilised egg (zygote) is then injected into the woman's uterus
Some religious organisations believe that adoption is a better course of action for infertile couples.
They think IVF is wrong because it is unnatural.
The success rate of IVF
IVF success rate among young women worldwide is around 35-40%.
In India this figure is around 30-35%.
Overall, the success rate of having a baby in the first IVF cycle is around 33% which increases to 50-70% by the 8th cycle.
This success rate is measured in terms of the number of live births.
Guide to infertility (HFEA)
Test Tube Babies  on dab PBS
Who is suitable for IVF Treatment?
How to make IVF successful the first time?
Pregnancy test after IVF frozen embryo transfer
Yehudi Menuhin, Baron Menuhin, OM, KBE  (22 April 1916 in New York City - 12 March 1999 in Berlin) was a violinist and conductor.
As a child he was one of the most extraordinary violin prodigies there has ever been.
He was one of the greatest violinists of the 20th century.
In later life he also performed a lot as conductor.
He was a very influential teacher who started a school, the Yehudi Menuhin School, near London, for musically gifted children.
He was born an American citizen, but then became Swiss in 1970, and then took on British nationality in 1985.
Yehudi Menuhin was born in New York City, New York.
His parents were Russian Jews who came from what is now Belarus.
His sisters were Hephzibah Menuhin who became a pianist, and Yaltah Menuhin who became a pianist, painter and poet.
His father, Moshe Menuhin, had been a rabbinical student and writer who oppposed Zionism.
Menuhin had his first violin lessons just after the age of four in San Francisco with the violin teacher Sigmund Anker.
He immediately showed extraordinary talent.
He continued to study with Louis Persinger, and performed with the San Francisco Symphony Orchestra in 1924.
and in New York in 1926.
He performed in Paris in February 1927, after which he studied with the Romanian composer and violinist George Enescu.
When he played Beethoven’s Violin Concerto with the conductor Fritz Busch in New York in November 1927 he immediately became world famous.
He not only had the most amazing technique but he also understood the music just as well as any grown up musician.
As a child he made many recordings.
One of the most remarkable was a recording made in 1932 of Elgar’s Violin concerto.
Elgar, who was then 75 years old, was conducting the orchestra.
During World War II Menuhin gave more than 500 performances for American and allied soldiers.
He was the first person to perform in the Paris Opéra after the war and he went with the composer Benjamin Britten to perform for the people who were prisoners in the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, after they were made free in April 1945.
He returned to Germany in 1947 to perform with the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra with the conductor Wilhelm Furtwängler.
Many Jews said he should not have done this, because they said that Furtwängler had played for the Nazis who had killed so many Jews, but Menuhin said it was the right thing to do.
Menuhin continued to give many performances, but there were times when he did not play so well.
He may have worked too hard.
He had to give himself time off performing and he practised very carefully and studied meditation and yoga to help him get over his problems.
Menuhin continued to perform until he was quite old.
He did not just play classical music but explored other kinds of music such as jazz which he often played with the famous jazz violinist Stéphane Grappelli, and he explored Indian music and played with the sitarist Ravi Shankar.
He also conducted some of the world's greatest orchestras and founded his own chamber orchestra.
In 1959 Menuhin made his home in London.
He performed a lot in England, including at the Bath Festival, but also continued to travel all over the world.
In 1962 he started a school for children who had special musical talent.
It was called the Yehudi Menuhin School.
The school is in Stoke d'Abernon, Surrey, just south of London.
In 1983 he founded together with Robert Masters the Yehudi Menuhin International Competition for Young Violinists.
Many of today's famous violinists won prizes at this competition, including Tasmin Little and Nikolaj Znaider.
In 1991 he was given the Wolf Prize by the Israeli Government.
In the Israeli Knesset he gave a speech in which he criticised Israel's occupation of the West Bank.
He said that it was not right for the Jews, who have lived by strict moral behaviour for 5000 years, not to let others (meaning the Palestinians) live their lives there too.
Yehudi Menuhin was married twice.
He first married Nola Nicholas, daughter of an Australian industrialist, and sister of Hephzibah Menuhin's first husband.
After their divorce, he married the British ballerina and actress Diana Gould.
They had two sons, Gerard and Jeremy, who became a pianist.
The name Yehudi means 'Jew' in Hebrew.
It means "Thanks to God".
Yehudi Menuhin was given many honours from all over the world.
These include the Commander of the Légion d'honneur, a Knight of the Dutch Order of Oranje Nassau, an Hon.
KBE, and the Nehru Award for International Understanding.
In 1993 he was made a life peer and became Lord Menuhin.
Soon after his death, the Royal Academy of Music was given the Yehudi Menuhin Archive, a very large collection of musical books, letters etc.
that had belonged to Yehudi Menuhin.
Official website for Yehudi Menuhin
The Yehudi Menuhin School is a private music school in Cobham, Surrey, England.
It was started in 1963 by the violinist Yehudi Menuhin.
The school is very small: there are about sixty pupils who are boys and girls between the ages of eight and nineteen.
The children must have extremely good musical talent.
They all play at least one musical instrument: either a stringed instrument or piano.
They are taught other subjects as well, but music is the most important subject, and they are given lots of time to practise their instrument as well as music lessons to help them develop their special musical skills in classical music.
Famous musicians who were pupils at the school include Nicola Benedetti, Nigel Kennedy, Tasmin Little and Alina Ibragimova.
1963 establishments in England
The name of the food being made
How much time it will take to make the food
The ingredients needed along with how much of it will be needed
The equipment needed
A list of steps that need to be followed in order to make the food
The number of people that the recipe will be able to feed
History of the recipe
The earliest known recipes are from 1600  and came from an Akkadian tablet from southern Babylonia.
The ancient Egyptians painted hieroglyphics showing the preparation of food.
Many recipes are known from ancient Greece.
Mithaecus's cookbook was an early one, but most of it has been lost.
Athenaeus quotes one short recipe in his Deipnosophistae.
Roman recipes are known with some of them starting in the 2nd century B.C with Cato the Elder's De Agri Cultura.
Many other authors of this period explained eastern Mediterranean cooking in Greek and Latin.
King Richard II of England asked someone to make a recipe book called "Forme of Cury" in 1390.
Around the same time another book was published entitled "Curye on Inglish".
Both books give an idea of how food was made and served in the noble classes of England at that time.
By the 1400s, manuscripts appeared, describing the recipes of that time.
Many of these  give very good information and record the re-discovery of many herbs and spices including coriander, parsley, basil and rosemary.
Many of these herbs and spices had been brought back from the Crusades.
During the 1500s and 1600s, printed books appeared.
The large houses tried to be better than each other, and books were written on how to manage households and prepare food.
In Holland, and England, the noble families competed to see who could make the most splendid foods.
By the 1660s cooks published their own books explaining their recipes, in competition with their rivals.
Many of these books have now been translated and can be found online.
From 1800 to today
In Europe, none had such influence as the top French chefs.
They built the haute cuisine which others copied.
La Varenne (1615–1678), Carême (1784–1833) and Escoffier (1846–1935) were the great innovators.
Modern cooks and chefs
By the 1800s, cooking had become a hobby throughout the world.
Using the newest technology and using a new publishing idea, Mrs Beeton (1836–1865) published her famous ‘Book of Household Management’, in 24 parts between 1857 and 1861.
Around that same time the American cook Fannie Farmer (1857–1915) devoted herself to cooking.
She published the book ‘The Boston Cooking School Cookbook’ in 1896 which had 1849 recipes.
The next revolution in popular culture came with introduction of the media cooks.
The first was Philip Harben who was first on radio, with newspaper columns and books.
Then he was first on British television, before Fanny Craddock.
TV cooking programs brought the recipes of cooks to a new audience who wanted to try out new ways of cooking.
In the early days, the recipes were available by post from the BBC and later with the introduction of the CEEFAX text on screen system, they became available on the television.
The new companies of Channel 4 and S4C also brought recipes to the television with their own text system called ORACLE.
Today the television is still a major source of recipe information, with world-wide cooks and chefs such as Julia Child, Jamie Oliver, Nigella Lawson and Rachael Ray having TV shows and websites giving the details of all their recipes.
Lee Hyo-ri  (b. May 10, 1979) is a South Korean singer and actress.
She debuted as a leader of the girl group, 'FIN.KL' on May, 1998.
The group was rival with another group named 'S.E.S'.
Lee Hyori became a sole singer in 2003.
With her debut, her fashion and activity attracted public attention.
She was so popular that 'Lee Hyori syndrome' was the highest keyword in Korea.
Lee Hyori acted the leading part in drama, named 'three-leaf clover'.
Despite popularity of Lee Hyori, the acting ability was criticized.
'U-Go-Girl', her 3rd album's title music, gained public interest.
And another music named 'Hey Mr.BiG' also became popular.
These made Lee Hyori to the highest position.
Now she is member of program which SBS broadcasts.
She is a huge asset to the program called "Here come the 'family'", in which she was praised to have shown her cool, honest personality.
Hyolee World
Lee Hyori discography at MusicTea
Lee Hyori at the Korean Movie Database
South Korean actors
Pygmalion was a sculptor who lived in Cyprus.
Women who lived on Cyprus didn't stay virtuous, so Pygmalion decided to live alone and made a  sculpture, Galatea.
During the Aphrodite feast, thanks to Pygmalion`s prayers, the sculpture turned into a real person.
This was called The Pygmalion effect.
The Pygmalion effect shows that if we want something enough, we'll get it.
It is named after the scholar who demonstrated it.
It is also called "Rosenthal Effect" and is quoted when we refer to The power of affirmation and The power of praise.
Another example of the Pygmalion effect is in groups.
If there are two groups, one group thought that their teacher was "good", the other group thought he was "not good".
The teacher treated both groups the same, but the group with a positive expectations had better outcomes than the others; Simply because those with positive expectations made them perform better than other students.
The Pygmalion effect is also an important instrument in management theory.
It makes managers be aware, that the success of their employees depends not only on qualification, personal qualities or working environment.
Manager always has to believe in his people and expect them to achieve the best results.
In such case the subordinates will always feel this trust and demonstrate their best skills and abilities in their work.
Jet lag is a physiological condition, often occurring when humans travel from one time zone to another.
It happens because of the time difference between two places.
Some people suffer from jet lag more than other people do.
If the departure time (the original body clock) is not the same as the destination time, jet lag can occur.
Traveling east is more likely to cause jet lag than traveling west.
That is because a cycle of the human's biological time is usually more than 24 hours, and going east makes the day shorter, which is a more difficult adjustment.
Jet lag can have several symptoms.
It usually takes the form of fatigue and insomnia.
Also, headache, depression, even nausea may strike people.
Sufferers can use caffeine or sleeping pills as a way of treatment.
Using caffeine (such as in tea or coffee) is helpful, either in the morning when going westward or in the afternoon when going eastward.
The hormone melatonin is said to help people sleep.
Also, doing things like changing sleeping patterns several days before departure may help people adjust to the new time zone.
The Korean International Circuit is a racetrack being made in Yeongam County, South Jeolla Province, of South Korea.
This is 400 kilometres from the capital, Seoul.
This track will be 5.684 km long.
This will be the longest track in Asia.
The main purpose of this track will be Formula One (F1) races.
F1 will race at this track for at least 7 years starting in  2010.
It will also be used for local races.
FIA approval
Charlie Whiting, technical delegate for the FIA completed a two-day inspection on 10 October 2010.
While much of the circuit facilities are still under construction, the circuit itself is ready for Formula One racing.
Special attention was given to the top layer of asphalt.
This final layer was installed the week before the inspection.
FIA rules normally require approval at least 90 days before the race.
The FIA had to stretch their own rules to allow the Korean Grand Prix to take place.
Track features
German designer Hermann Tilke designed the track.
The track has two parts.
One permanent part (3.047 km) will be used for local races.
One temporary part (2.643 km) will be joined to the permanent part and be used for F1 races.
The track has 18 corners.
The track will be next to a lake, so some people will be able to see the races from their boats.
Initial reception
A number of problems were uncovered on the first day of practice.
Drivers complained about the blind entrance to the pit lane.
Jarno Trulli called it "very dangerous".
A number of cars have bottomed out at turn 16.
Charlie Whiting has asked that the corner be changed.
The track was slippery and dusty.
Lewis Hamilton said "It was the dirtiest circuit I have ever been on," and "It was so dusty it was incredible."
The problems with the turn 16 was fixed before the qualifying session the next day.
Formula One official Korean Grand Prix page
Kim Hyun-Soo (born Jan 12, 1988 in Seoul, South Korea) is a professional baseball player.
He plays with the South Korean baseball club Doosan Bears.
He bats left handed.
He throws right handed.
Hyun-Soo graduated from Ssang-Moon Elementary School, Shin-Il Middle School, and Shin-Il High School.
When he was a high school student, he received the Lee Young-Min Award, for being the leading hitter in baseball at the high school level.
He was slow for an outfielder.
He was not selected in the rookie draft.
In 2007, Hyun-Soo played 99 games.
His batting average was at 0.273.
In 2008, he played 126 games, made 168 hits, his on base percentage was 0.509 and his batting average was 0.357.
He was given titles for the highest on base percentage, hit and batting average.
He also was given the Golden Glove award for outfielders.
South Korean baseball players
In Korean mythology, Dangun was the grandson of the gods, and the founder of Gojoseon, who set up the capital at Asadal.
Legends say that around 4,340 years ago, Joseon was the name of the country that became Korea.
So Dangun is believed to be an ancestor of the Korean nation.
There was also a kingdom called Joseon later in Korean history, so Dangun's kingdom is called Go (meaning "Ancient") Joseon.
Once upon a time, Hwanung, the god Hwanin`s son, wanted to go down to the human world.
Hwanin noticed that and let Hwanung go down to the human world with three amulets.
Hwanung went to the Sindansu in Mount Taebaek, with his 3,000 followers.
He managed the human world`s agriculture, morals, and 363 other fields of societal work.
All these things went well.
One day, two animals visited Hwanung, begging him to change them to human beings.
One was a tiger, and the other was a bear.
Hwanung gave them an armful of divine wormwood and twenty cloves of divine garlic, and said: "Eat those for 100 days without being exposed to the sunshine.
Then you will become human beings."
The two animals went to the cave and followed Hwanung`s orders.
But during this process, the tiger could not endure this trial, and rushed out from the cave.
On the other hand, the bear endured the trial and became a woman.
But nobody was willing to marry her.
So the bear woman prayed to conceive a baby at Sindansu.
Then Hwanung transformed himself into human being for a while and married her.
The bear woman gave birth to a baby.
That baby was Dangun.
Dangun managed Gojoseon for 1,500 years, and after that long period, Giza succeeded to the throne.
Dangun retired from the world and became a mountain god.
(from Korea site 'Naver Encyclopedia')
Lee Soo-young (born Lee Ji-yeon () April 12, 1979) is a Korean ballad singer.
She started her singing career in 1999 in Korea with I Believe.
She is well known for her lyrical and powerful voice.
She has earned much popularity in Korea.
She sang the song, "얼마나 좋을까"  ("Eolmana Joheulkka")which is added to the original soundtrack of Final Fantasy X in 2001.
Lee has released 8 studio albums.
She is one of the most popular ballad singer in Korea.
She has a younger brother and a younger sister.
Her father died from car accident when she was nine.
After this, her mother earned money by working for restaurants and delivering milk bottles.
She went to a church and she said it helped her a lot to maintain her life.
After her mother died from car accident, she began her career as a singer.
She started to sell her albums in Japan in 2004.
She released one studio album, and two single album.
With these albums, she got only 125th position in Oricon chart.
1st - I Believe (1999/11/17)
2nd - Never Again (2001/02/10)
Concert Album - Thank You (그녀에게 감사해요), Lee Soo Young Live (2001/09/18)
3rd - Made in Winter (2001/12/13)
4th - My Stay in Sendai (2002/9/11)
4½th - Special Album (2003/01/24)
5th - This Time (2003/08/21)
5½th - Classic (2004/01/12)
6th - The Colors of My Life (2004/09/10)
6½th - As Time Goes By (2005/01/10)
Special Album - 2005 Special Album An Autumn Day (2005/10/20)
7th - Grace (2006/01/21)
8th - 내려놓음 Set It Down (2007/09/11)
Mini-album Once (2008/11/13)
Official site  (Korean)
(Korean)
Entamoeba histolytica is an parasitic protozoan, part of the genus Entamoeba.
It infects mainly humans and other primates.
E. histolytica is estimated to infect about 50 million people worldwide.