the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
Only Edmund is kind to her.
As they grow up, Edmund's kindness to Fanny makes her fall in love with him.
However, when Fanny's uncle goes away for business, Mary Crawford and her brother Henry come to the neighborhood.
Henry flirts with the Misses Bertram, making them fall in love with him, even though Maria is already engaged to a Mr. Rushworth.
Mary and Edmund fall in love with each other, much to Fanny's surprise and sadness, but Mary wants Edmund to become rich and not be a clergyman.
They put on a play called Lovers Vows that Fanny does not think Sir Thomas would like, so she does not join in.
Just as they are trying to make her act, Sir Thomas returns home.
Henry Crawford goes away, and Maria, angry and proud, quickly marries Mr. Rushworth, even though she does not love him.
Henry Crawford falls really in love with Fanny, and proposes to her, but she says no.
Sir Thomas gives Fanny the ultimatum of marry Mr Crawford or go back to her parents.
Choosing to see her family again she is unhappy to see how coarse and vulgar they are.
While she is there, she finds out in a newspaper that Maria has run away with Henry Crawford.
Fanny is very shocked and unhappy.
Edmund comes to ask Fanny to come back to Mansfield to nurse a sick Tom.
He tells Fanny that he was shocked that Mary Crawford only thought Maria and Henry were silly for being found out, and that the act of adultery was not bad.
He expresses he has finally realised he has always loved Fanny, and they marry.
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Aristarchus is a large impact crater on the Moon's surface.
It is 40 kilometers large in diameter and can be seen with the naked eye from Earth.
The crater was named after the Greek astronomer Aristarchus of Samos.
The Barossa Valley is in South Australia.
It is found about  north-east of Adelaide, the capital city of South Australia.
The Barossa Valley is famous for making wine and because of this it often has many tourists.
The three main towns in the region are Nuriootpa, Tanunda and Angaston.
The Barossa Valley was named in 1837 by a surveyor called Colonel William Light.
It was meant to be named Barrosa, named after the town in Spain, but a mistake was made and it ended up being spelt Barossa.
The first place to be settled was Bethany in 1842 by people from both England and Germany.
Most of the people to first arrive were from Germany and because of this the Barossa Valley has lots of German heritage.
Soon after Bethany was established other towns were made.
the next group of town to be created were: Angaston, Krondorf, Ebenezer, Penrice, Light Pass and Langmeil.
The year after the first town was made, churches stared being built.
These were all Christian churches and most were Lutheran.
The Christian lifestyle is still around the Barossa Valley today with lots of churches still around, although many are not Lutheran.
There are about 20 000 people who live in the Barossa Valley.
Most of these people live in Tanunda, Nuriootpa, Angaston, Williamstown and Lyndoch, each having more than 1000 people.
A few smaller towns such as Moculta and Springton are in the Barossa Valley too and all the town are a part of the Barossa Local Government which is more commonly called the Barossa Council.
Most people in the area still call themselves Lutherans.
This has caused many towns to have two or more Lutheran churches.
For example, Tanunda has four, Nuriootpa has two and Angaston has two.
Each town with more than 1000 people, not including Williamstown, has a Lutheran Primary School and Tanunda has a Lutheran Secondary School.
The Barossa Valley is called ‘Australia's most famous wine region’ by lots of people.
There are about 150 wineries in the Barossa Valley.
Some of the wineries are very famous both in Australia and overseas.
The famous wineries include: Wolf Blass, Penfolds, Yalumba and Peter Lehmann Wines.
The two secondary schools in the area both have wineries.
Nuriootpa High School owns a winery called Barossa Class Wines (more commonly known as Nurrihannam Wines) and Faith Lutheran School owns a winery called Mengler View Wines.
Vintage Festival
Every two years this festival is held in the Barossa Valley to celebrate the vintage.
Vintage is the time between grapes been picked and then turned into wine.
The vintage festival lasts for 9 days and on each day many events take place.
The most popular of all the events is the parade.
This is where different companies and groups gather a few volunteers who parade from the main street in Nuriootpa through to the main street in Tanunda.
Many groups choose to give out free gifts, such as lollies and stickers.
Barossa Vintage Festival Site
Jeffrey Lionel Dahmer (May 21, 1960 – November 28, 1994) was an American serial killer.
He was born in Wisconsin and moved to Ohio in 1966.
He murdered young males in Wisconsin and Ohio from 1978-1991.
In 1992, he was convicted of 15 murders.
Dahmer later confessed to 17 murders in all, dating back to his first victim in 1978.
The jury rejected Dahmer's insanity defense, and he was sentenced to 15 life terms (life imprisonment is the maximum penalty that Wisconsin has, but not Ohio, which has the death penalty).
He was beaten to death with workout equipment by another inmate, Christopher Scarver, who had been jailed for murder, on the morning of November 28, 1994.
Scarver also killed another inmate, Jesse Anderson, at the same time with the workout equipment.
Anderson had been jailed for murder as well.
They had all been working out together.
Dahmer was diagnosed with three personality disorders: antisocial, borderline, and schizotypal.
LGBT people from Ohio
LGBT people from Wisconsin
American cannibals
Art history is the study of objects of art in their historical development and stylistic contents; that is genre, design, format, and style.
The study includes painting, sculpture, architecture, ceramics, furniture and other decorative objects.
An art historian is a person who studies the history of art, and then writes about it or teaches about it so that other people can learn about this subject as well.
The first person to become an art historian was Giorgio Vasari.
He lived in Florence during the Renaissance, at a time when there were many famous artists alive.
Vasari was an artist himself.
He decided to write down all the stories that were told in Florence about the many different artists who had made the city famous.
He included biographies of several other artists from Northern Italy as well.
When all the information was collected and the biographies written, he published them in 1568 in a book called Lives of the Artists.
Because of this book, art students today have a lot of information about artists such as Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Titian and their works.
The dugong (Dugong dugon) is a large mammal that lives its whole life in the sea.
They are sometimes called "sea cows" as they eat large amounts of sea grass.
They live in warm, shallow areas where the sea grass grows.
This area includes the north coast of Australia, and in other countries in the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean.
Dugongs are more closely related to elephants than to other sea creatures.
Their closest aquatic relative is the manatee, a fresh water species found in America and West Africa.
The dugong can grow to about  long and weigh as much as .
They only come to the surface to breathe, and unlike seals, they never come up on the land.
A baby dugong is called a calf.
It drinks milk from its mother until about two years old.
A dugong reaches its adult size between the ages of 9 and 17 years.
The dugong can live for up to 70 years of age.
They are grey to brown in color.
They have a tail with flukes, like a whale, and flippers.
They do not have a dorsal fin like a shark.
They have a wide flat nose, small eyes, and small ears.
The dugong is a migratory animal, but very slow moving.
Studies by James Cook University showed that while many dugongs traveled less than , some went as far as .
Scientists believe that dugongs move long distances for several reasons.
They may be looking for food, as cyclones or floods can affect the seagrass.
Males may be following females, or looking for their own territory.
If the water gets cold, less than 17 degrees Centigrade, they will travel to warmer areas.
The British Library (BL) is the national library of the United Kingdom.
It is on the north side of Euston Road in St Pancras, London, between Euston railway station and St Pancras railway station.
The Library is a public institution and is one of the world's largest research libraries.
Since 2000 the Chief Executive of the British Library has been Lynne Brindley.
The British Library contains over 170 million items in every language that is known.
It has around 25 million books, more than any other library.
It has manuscripts and historical items dating back as far as 300 BC.
There are books, journals, newspapers, magazines, sound and music recordings, patents, databases, maps, stamps, prints, drawings and much more.
The British Library, by the law of the United Kingdom, receives copies of every book that is published in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland, including all foreign books that are sold in the UK.
It also buys many books which are only published outside Britain and Ireland.
The British Library adds about three million items to its collection every year.
The British Library has about 388 miles (625 km) of shelves.
The British Library, before it got its present name, started out as a group of collections made by several people in the 18th century and then given as part of a national library.
The collectors were King George III,  Sir Robert Cotton, Sir Hans Sloane, and Robert Harley.
The national library was part of the British Museum and was kept at various places, with some of the most important items always being on public display in the museum.
The British Library was created in 1973 by the British Library Act 1972.
Since 1997 the main collection has been housed in a single new building on Euston Road next to St. Pancras railway station.
In the middle of the building is a four-storey glass tower containing the ‘’King's Library’’, with 65,000 printed volumes along with other pamphlets, manuscripts and maps collected by King George III between 1763 and 1820.
Not all of the collection is kept in this new building.
Part of the collection is at the Document Supply Centre in Yorkshire and all the newspapers from before 1800 are kept at the newspaper library at Colindale, north-west London.
In December 2009 a new storage building at Boston Spa was opened.
It cost £26million and will house seven million items, stored in more than 140,000 bar-coded containers, which are retrieved by robots, from the 262 kilometres of temperature- and humidity-controlled storage space.
Highlights of the collections
The Stein collection from Central Asia.
The Diamond Sutra, the world's earliest dated printed book printed in 868 during the Tang Dynasty
The Lindisfarne Gospels, a famous illuminated manuscript
Two Gutenberg Bibles, two of the earliest Bibles to be made on a printing press with movable type
Two 1215 copies of Magna Carta, one of the most important documents in the history of England
The Egerton Gospel
The only ancient copy of the poem Beowulf 347 leaves of the Codex Sinaiticus, the oldest Bible in the world
Codex Alexandrinus
The Codex Arundel, one of  Leonardo da Vinci's notebooks.
William Tyndale's 1534 English translation New Testament, the personal copy of Anne Boleyn.
Working manuscripts by J.S. Bach, W.A. Mozart, Arthur Sullivan, Gustav Mahler,  Benjamin Britten and the Beatles.
My Ladye Nevells Booke of Virginal Musick by William Byrd, one of the two surviving collections of 16th century music for the virginal.
Manuscript (Carroll's handwriting) of Alice's Adventures Under Ground'' by Lewis Carroll, which given to the British Library by a group of American book-collectors to honour the courage of the British people in World War II
Libraries in the United Kingdom
A disk image file (or simply a disk image) is an exact binary copy of an entire disk or drive.
Disk image files contain all the data stored on the source drive including not only its files and folders but also its boot sectors, file allocation tables, volume attributes and any other system-specific data.
A disk image is not a collection of files or folders but is an exact duplicate of the raw data of the original disk, sector by sector.
R-Drive Image is disk cloning computer program that can create copies of computer hard drives.
This program is developed by R-Tools Technology Inc..
Disk cloning
List of disk cloning software
Reviews:  ,  ,  ,
Parnitha is a mountain of Greece.
It is in the south of Greece, in Attica peninsula.
This mountain is the highest mountain in Attica, 1,413 meters high.
The mountain is covered by dense vegetation.
In the lower points is covered by Pine forests and in the higher points by Greek-fir forests.
In the summer of 2007 a big part of forest was burnt because of a destructive wildfire.
Sir John Dankworth, CBE (20 September 1927 - 6 February 2010), was an English jazz composer, saxophonist and clarinetist.
He was widely thought of as Britain's most famous jazz musician.
He had a very big influence in the development of jazz in Britain.
He composed film music and several television theme tunes such as "The Avengers" and "Tomorrow's World".
In his early career he was known as Johnny Dankworth He was the husband of jazz singer Cleo Laine.
John Dankworth was born in Woodford and grew up in Highams Park, Essex.
His father was a sales manager who worked for an electrical engineering firm.
John soon found that he loved jazz.
He played the clarinet in a jazz band when he was still at school.
In 1944 he went to study music at the Royal Academy of Music.
He was playing the saxophone, too, but kept this a secret because jazz was not thought to be  suitable for study at the RAM.
When Dankworth did his National Service with the army, he often played in the army dance bands.
He then got a job playing jazz on the Queen Mary which sailed regularly over the Atlantic Ocean to New York.
In America he heard some of the greatest jazz players, especially Charlie Parker who played bebop.
Back in Britain Dankworth took many jobs to get experience playing in jazz bands.
He was a member of a group called Club Eleven which played together for several years.
He also formed a band called Johnny Dankworth Seven with Frank Holder, who played bebop in the style of Miles Davis.
They started to get well-known, and in 1951 were joined by a young singer called Cleo Laine.
In 1953 the band broke up and Dankworth formed his first big band.
It had eight brass instruments, five saxophones, a rhythm section and vocalists.
The group was redesigned in 1956 when he put in a group of soloists instead of the saxophones.
They often played on the radio and brought in guest artists who were not necessarily jazz musicians, e.g. the clarinettist Jack Brymer and the violinist Kenneth Essex as well as the music comedian and cartoonist Gerard Hoffnung.
In 1960 he gave up playing in the band to spend more time on composition.
He wrote some very successful film music, e.g. The Servant, Darling, Modesty Blaise and Morgan, A Suitable Case for Treatment.
He wrote the television theme for The Avengers and Tomorrow’s World, as well as lots of music for television adverts.
He composed a musical version of Lysistrata together with Benny Green for the Bath Festival.
In 1958 he married Laine.
He wrote many songs for her and played the beautiful accompaniments, often on the clarinet.
In 1969 they built a concert hall called The Stables in their garden in Wavendon in Milton Keynes.
It became an important centre for concerts, educational programmes and cultural events.
Dankworth and Laine have two children: Alec who is a double bass player and Jacqui who is a singer.
John formed a band which included Alec playing the double bass.
Dankworth set up scholarships for young musicians and often worked with young people.
He encouraged educational work at The Stables.
He continued to work hard until shortly before his death.
Dankworth died in hospital in London on 6 February 2010.
His death was announced a few hours later by Laine, who spoke to the audience at the end of a concert in The Stables.
She had told the performers before the concert began.
She wanted the concert to be a celebration of his life.
Alec and Jacqui were both performing in the show.
British saxophonists
Child abandonment is when a parent leaves their child.
There are many causes of child abandonment, including poverty or mental illness.
In many countries, if a children are abandoned, they become orphans and live in an orphanage.
They are raised there until they reach 18.
In the United States, "Safe Haven Laws" allow parents to leave their infants at certain safe places.
The goal of these laws is to keep parents from leaving their infants in unsafe places, or killing them.
In some states, leaving a baby at a Safe Haven is thought of as child abandonment, and a complaint may be filed in family court.
But as long as the baby has not been hurt, the parents cannot be charged with a crime for leaving their baby at a Safe Haven.
The baby is given to state child protection workers, who find a safe place for the baby and try to get him or her adopted.
Hospitals, fire stations, and police stations are common Safe Havens.
Abandonment (or exposure) was a widely used method of getting rid of babies that parents did not want.
Babies would be left outside, often in a pot or a vase, to die.
It was practiced in ancient times, especially in Athens.
The babies at the most risk were girls; babies with physical disabilities; ugly babies; children born to poor families; and babies who looked unwell.
In past days, Women would not voice their thoughts on whether their babies were left to die.
Due to the patriarchic structure of society, the fathers were the only ones who ultimately had a say.
When it comes to child protection, your local authority and the police may become involved if they believe you child is at risk or is out of your control.
In math, a helix is a curve in three dimensions.
It looks a bit like a spiral.
Each helix has a line called its axis.
The helix has a constant angle to this line.
Helices are often seen in nature and the sciences.
The Cartoon Cartoon Show is the programming block that airs 15 Cartoon Cartoons on Cartoon Network.
The block began airing in 2005 and has appeared on weekends at 8AM and 12PM ever since.
The block also appears on weekdays at 2PM.
Parazoa is the animal sub-kingdom that includes organisms of the phyla Porifera and Placozoa.
Sponges are the most well-known Parazoa.
They are aquatic organisms classified under the phylum Porifera with about 15,000 species worldwide in the phylum.
Although multicellular, sponges only have a few different types of cells, some of which may migrate within the organism to perform different functions.
The three main classes of sponges include glass sponges (Hexactinellida), calcareous sponges (Calcarea), and demosponges (Demospongiae).
Parazoa from the phylum Placozoa include the single species Trichoplax adhaerens.
These tiny aquatic animals are flat, round, and transparent.
They are composed of only four types of cells and have a simple body plan with just three cell layers.
Parazoans are unique invertebrate animals characterized by porous bodies.
This interesting feature allows a sponge to filter food and nutrients from water as it passes through its pores.
Sponges can be found at various depths in both marine and freshwater habitats and come in a variety of colors, sizes, and shapes.
Some giant sponges can reach heights of seven feet, while the smallest sponges reach heights of only two-thousandths of an inch.
Their varied shapes (tube-like, barrel-like, fan-like, cup-like, branched, and irregular shapes) are structured to provide optimal water flow.
This is vital as sponges do not have a circulatory system, respiratory system, digestive system, muscular system, or nervous system as do many other animals.
Water circulating through pores allows for gas exchange as well as food filtration.
Sponges typically feed on bacteria, algae, and other tiny organisms in water.
To a lesser degree, some species have been known to feed on small crustaceans, like krill and shrimp.
Since sponges are non-motile, they are typically found attached to rocks or other hard surfaces.
Unlike most animal organisms which exhibit some type of body symmetry, such as radial, bilateral, or spherical symmetry, most sponges are asymmetric, exhibiting no type of symmetry.
There are a few species, however, that are radially symmetrical.
Of all the animal phyla, Porifera are the simplest in form and most closely related to organisms from the kingdom Protista.
While sponges are multicellular and their cells perform different functions, they do not form true tissues or organs.
Body Wall
Structurally, the sponge body is studded with numerous pores called ostia that lead to canals for channeling water to internal chambers.
Sponges are attached at one end to a hard surface, while the opposite end, called the osculum, remains open to the aquatic surroundings.
Sponge cells are arranged to form a three-layered body wall:
Pinacoderm - the outer surface layer of the body wall that is equivalent to the epidermis of higher animals.
The pinacoderm consists of a single layer of flattened cells called pinacocytes.
These cells are able to contract, thus reducing the size of a sponge when needed.
Mesohyl - thin middle layer that is analogous to connective tissue in higher animals.
It is characterized by a jelly-like matrix with collagen, spicules, and various cells embedded within.
Cells called archaeocytes found in the mesohyl are amebocytes (cells capable of movement) that can transform into other sponge cell types.
These cells aid in digestion, nutrient transport, and are even capable of developing into sex cells.
Other cells called sclerocytes produce skeletal elements called spicules that provide structural support.
Choanoderm - The inner layer of the body wall consisting of cells called choanocytes.
These cells contain a flagellum, which is surrounded by a collar of cytoplasm at its base.
Through the beating movement of the flagella, water flow is maintained and directed through the body.
Sponges have a particular body plan with a pore/canal system that is arranged into one of three types: asconoid, syconoid or leuconoid.
Asconoid sponges have the simplest organization consisting of a porous tube shape, an osculum, and an open internal area (spongocoel) that is lined with choanocytes.
Syconoid sponges are larger and more complex than asconoid sponges.
They have a thicker body wall and elongated pores that form a simple canal system.
Leuconoid sponges are the most complex and largest of the three types.
They have an intricate canal system with several chambers lined with flagellated choanocytes that direct water flows through the chambers and eventually out the osculum.
Sponges are capable of both asexual and sexual reproduction.
These parazoans reproduce most commonly by sexual reproduction and most are hermaphrodites, that is, the same sponge is capable of producing both male and female gametes.
Typically only one type of gamete (sperm or egg) is produced per spawn.
Fertilization occurs as sperm cells from one sponge are released through the osculum and carried by water current to another sponge.
As this water is propelled through the receiving sponge's body by choanocytes, the sperm is captured and directed to the mesohyl.
Egg cells reside in the mesohyl and are fertilized upon union with a sperm cell.
In time, the developing larvae leave the sponge body and swim until they find a suitable location and surface on which to attach, grow, and develop.
Asexual reproduction is infrequent and includes regeneration, budding, fragmentation, and gemmule formation.
Regeneration is the ability of a new individual to develop from a detached part of another individual.
Regeneration also enables sponges to repair and replace damaged or severed body parts.
In budding, a new individual grows out of the body of the sponge.
The new developing sponge may remain attached to or separate from the body of the parent sponge.
In fragmentation, new sponges develop from pieces that have fragmented from the body of the parent sponge.
Sponges may also produce a specialized mass of cells with a hard outer covering (gemmule) that can be released and develop into a new sponge.
Gemmules are produced under harsh environmental conditions to enable survival until conditions become favorable again.
Glass sponges of the class Hexactinellida typically live in deep sea environments and may also be found in Antarctic regions.
Most hexactinellids exhibit radial symmetry and commonly appear pale with regard to color and cylindrical in form.
Most are vase-shaped, tube-shaped, or basket-shaped with leuconoid body structure.
Glass sponges range in size from a few centimeters in length to 3 meters (almost 10 feet) in length.
The hexactinellid skeleton is constructed of spicules composed entirely of silicates.
These spicules are often arranged into a fused network that gives the appearance of a woven, basket-like structure.
It is this mesh-like form that gives hexactinellids the firmness and strength required to live at depths of 25 to 8,500 meters (80–29,000 feet).
Tissue-like material also containing silicates overlays the spicule structure forming thin fibers that cling to the framework.
The most familiar representative of the glass sponges is the Venus' flower-basket.
A number of animals use these sponges for shelter and protection including shrimp.
A male and female shrimp pair will take up residence in the flower-basket house when they are young and continue to grow until they are too large to leave the confines of the sponge.
When the couple reproduces young, the offspring are small enough to leave the sponge and find a new Venus' flower-basket.
The relationship between the shrimp and the sponge is one of mutualism as both receive benefits.
In return for protection and food provided by the sponge, the shrimp help to keep the sponge clean by removing debris from the sponge's body.
Calcareous sponges of the class Calcarea commonly reside in tropical marine environments at more shallow regions than glass sponges.
This class of sponges has fewer known species than Hexactinellida or Demospongiae with around 400 identified species.
Calcareous sponges have varied shapes including tube-like, vase-like, and irregular shapes.
These sponges are usually small (a few inches in height) and some are brightly colored.
Calcareous sponges are characterized by a skeleton formed from calcium carbonate spicules.
They are the only class to have species with asconoid, syconoid, and leuconoid forms.
Demosponges of the class Demospongiae are the most numerous of the sponges containing 90 to 95 percent of Porifera species.
They are typically brightly colored and range in size from a few millimeters to several meters.
Demosponges are asymmetrical forming a variety of shapes including tube-like, cup-like, and branched shapes.
Like glass sponges, they have leuconoid body forms.
Demosponges are characterized by skeletons with spicules composed of collagen fibers called spongin.
It is the spongin that gives sponges of this class their flexibility.
Some species have spicules that are composed of silicates or both spongin and silicates.
Eitel M, Osigus H-J, DeSalle R, Schierwater B (2013) Global Diversity of the Placozoa.
PLoS ONE 8(4): e57131.
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0057131
Parazoa of the phylum Placozoa contains only one known living species Trichoplax adhaerens.
A second species, Treptoplax reptans, has not been observed in more than 100 years.
Placozoans are very tiny animals, about 0.5 mm in diameter.
T. adhaerens was first discovered creeping along the sides of an aquarium in an amoeba-like fashion.
It is asymmetrical, flat, covered with cilia, and able to adhere to surfaces.
T. adhaerens has a very simple body structure that is organized into three layers.
An upper cell layer provides protection for the organism, a middle meshwork of connected cells enable movement and shape change, and a lower cell layer functions in nutrient acquisition and digestion.
Placozoans are capable of both sexual and asexual reproduction.
They reproduce primarily by asexual reproduction through binary fission or budding.
Sexual reproduction occurs typically during times of stress, such as during extreme temperature changes and low food supply.
Myers, P. 2001. "
Porifera" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web.
Accessed August 09, 2017 at http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Porifera/
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0057131
Eitel M, Guidi L, Hadrys H, Balsamo M, Schierwater B (2011) New Insights into Placozoan Sexual Reproduction and Development.
PLoS ONE 6(5): e19639. #
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0019639
Sarà, M. 2017. "
Sponge."
Accessed August 11, 2017 at https://www.britannica.com/animal/sponge-animal
We do not have a theory of everything.
It is a hope for the future.
The basic concept of the theory of everything is that one theory could explain every aspect of physics.
The four basic forces of nature are gravity, the strong force, the weak force, and the electromagnetic force; the theory of general relativity explains gravity, and quantum mechanics explains the other three forces.
Right now, no one theory that everyone accepts can explain all four forces.
Unified field theory is a hope for a theory of fields in physics that will explain all natural phenomena.
Theories in physics can be very different and even disagree with each other.
This is true for example for quantum mechanics (the science of very small things) and general relativity (the science of space and time).
The goal of unified field theory is to take all the different parts of physics and combine them into one theory that explains everything.
The Standard Model comes close to a unified field theory, combining everything except general relativity.
A dichotomous key is a series of questions with only two alternatives.
There are only two options at each step.
The purpose is to make an identification or to reach a decision.
The system has long been used for identifying animals and plants.
However, in principle, it can be used for many other tasks, such as fault-finding in complex machinery.
The KISS principle is "Keep It Simple, Stupid".
It is an acronym, with the letters KISS making the beginnings of the important words.
It was used as a principle for design by the U.S. Navy in 1960.
The phrase is said to have been first used by Kelly Johnson, lead engineer at the Lockheed Skunk Works.
Linguistic reductions are lost sounds in words, which happens in spoken English.
For instance, "going to" changes to "gonna".
The most common reductions are contractions.
Most contractions are reductions of 'not'.
For instance, "cannot" becomes "can't".
Many contractions are reductions between a subject and a verb.
For instance, "He is..." becomes "He's..."
Some reductions are known to language learners, such as the reduction of a verb and "to".
Examples are "going to" becoming "gonna" and "want to" becoming "wanna".
Elision is one or more sounds left out of a word.
A common example is "and", which frequently changes to "an" or sometimes even "n".
Another example is the "ba" sound in "probably", which leads to the pronunciation, "probly".
Word stress is a weaker stress on a word.
The words near it are stressed more by comparison.
The weakly-stressed word may be blended, linked or even deleted.
Function words are words that signify grammatical relations and are different from content words.
Content words tend to carry more information andare often stressed.
Function words are often unstressed andmay be reduced, blended, linked or deleted.
The  is one of two rapid transit systems making up the Tokyo subway system, the other being Toei.
Note: Including the 8.3 km stretch between Wakoshi and Kotake-mukaihara shared with Yurakucho Line.
Glomma is the longest river in Norway.
It is  long and runs from Aursund to Fredrikstad.
In a random sample every element in the population has an equal chance of being selected.
For instance, to do an election poll, calling people randomly out of the phone book would be better than asking people at a labor union meeting or at a small business convention.
A page of the phone book is a more random sample of voters than a union meeting, so the result is more likely to tell who will really be elected.
But neither sample is really random because for one thing, some people do not have phones.
Simple Random Sampling -Citizendium
Urban contemporary or urban music is a kind of music played on the radio.
It comes from cities.
The first person to use this word was the now dead New York DJ Frankie Crocker in the mid 1970s.
Urban contemporary radio stations play only hip hop/rap, contemporary R&B, more urban-styled pop, and on occasion, Caribbean music such as reggae and reggaeton.
Urban contemporary came from R&B and Soul.
Almost all Urban contemporary type radio stations are found in cities that have lots of African-American people.
Some cities that have Urban contemporary stations are; Los Angeles, California, New York City, Atlanta, Georgia, Chicago, Fayetteville, North Carolina, Charlotte, and Norfolk, Virginia, etc.
These stations try to sell their music to African-Americans between the ages of 18 and 34.
Their playlists are mainly singles by popular hip hop and R&B artists.
Sometimes, an urban contemporary station will play classic soul music songs from the '70s and early '80s to make old people happy.
Dame Cleo Laine, Lady Dankworth, DBE (born 28 October 1927) is a British jazz singer and an actress.
She was born in Southall, Middlesex to a white English mother and black Jamaican father.
She is famous for her scat singing and for being able to sing very high and very low notes.
She is the only female performer to have received Grammy nominations in the jazz, popular and classical music categories.
Laine is the widow of jazz composer Sir John Dankworth.
There are usually fewer state senators than there are members in a state's lower house.
In the past, this meant that senators represented different regions within a state, not according to the population of the region.
This was a way of balancing the power of the lower house, where the numbers for each state were related to the state's population.
In 1963, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that state legislatures must give seats in both houses depending on the population of the state.
A Bicameral system of government is one where there are two legislative or parliamentary chambers.
The word comes from the Latin "bi" (meaning two) and "camera" (meaning chamber).
In most cases they have different numbers of members.
The smaller legislature is often called the "upper house" or "senate" and the larger is called the "lower house", and sometimes also called by another name such as "assembly" or "commons".
For legislation to be passed, bicameral legislatures normally need a majority of members of both chambers to vote for the legislation.
Experts sometimes point out that often deadlocks occur in this kind of system.
This can make it harder to pass laws.
But others point out the checks and balances this system maintains.
This prevents laws from being passed that favor a certain political faction, the government or group of people.
Bicameral systems in the world
In the United Kingdom, the two chambers are called the House of Commons and the House of Lords.
The United States Congress is bicameral.
All the states apart from Nebraska use the bicameral system.
Nebraska is unicameral.
Australia has a bicameral system with a House of Representatives and a Senate.
All the Australian states are also bicameral, except Queensland which is unicameral.
India has bicameral central and state parliaments.
In government, unicameralism is when there is only one legislative or parliamentary chamber.
Therefore, a unicameral legislature or unicameral parliament is a legislature with one chamber.
It comes from the Latin "uni" (meaning one) and "camera" (meaning chamber).
The Nebraska Legislature is the highest legislative body of the U.S. state of Nebraska.
It meets at the Nebraska State Capitol in the City of Lincoln in Lancaster County.
Nebraska's Legislature is unusual because it is unicameral.
It is also the smallest state legislature in the United States of America, as it only has 49 members.
State government in the United States
An upper house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature.
The other chamber is called the lower house.
Upper Houses in the world
India: the Rajya Sabha
Pakistan: the Senate of Pakistan
United Kingdom: the House of Lords
United States of America: the United States Senate
A lower house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature.
The other chamber is called the upper house.
Lower Houses in the World
France: the National Assembly
Pakistan: the National Assembly
United Kingdom: the House of Commons
United States of America: the United States House of Representatives
William-Adolphe Bouguereau (born November 30, 1825) was a French painter.
Bouguereau was a traditionalist and his style did not change much throughout his painting career.
He was a popular artist in his day.
Rich customers liked his photo-realistic style.
He liked to paint classical scenes and scenes from ancient mythology.
As a boy Bouguereau was born into a family of wine and olive oil sellers.
His parents wanted him to join the family business when he became an adult.
His uncle, however, arranged for him to get a proper education at school.
Bouguereau showed great talent for art.
One of his father’s customers talked him into sending William to a famous art college.
There he won first place for one of his paintings.
To earn extra money he designed labels for fruit jellies and jams.
Bouguereau liked to paint pictures of women.
He was known for being able to make his subject look prettier than she really was.
In 1856, he married Marie-Nelly Monchablon and had five children.
In the late 1850s he made a profitable friendship with a successful art dealer.
This art dealer made William famous even in other countries.
William was able to buy a big house and studio with his growing fortune.
He was a hard working painter.
He would make a thorough study and sketch of what he planned to paint.
The great way he painted skin, hands and feet was well known.
He eventually became a teacher at a French art college.
Near the end of his life he described his love of his art: “Each day I go to my studio full of joy; in the evening when obliged to stop because of darkness I can scarcely wait for the next morning to come…if I cannot give myself to my dear painting I am miserable”.
He painted eight hundred and twenty-six paintings.
Not to be confused with Chai tow kway, a type of local dish found in Singapore and Malaysia
Carrot cake is a sweet and moist spice cake, full of cut carrots and toasted nuts, and covered in cream cheese icing.
One part of the cake is that the orange flakes of cut carrot give the cake color and texture, along with sweetness and moisture.
Baking and ingredients
To make carrot cake, all the wet ingredients, such as the typical eggs, vegetable oil, yogurt, melted butter and, are mixed together.
Then, all the dry ingredients; such as flour, grated carrots,  baking powder, baking soda, allspice, cinnamon, nutmeg, salt, sugar, brown sugar are typically then mixed together, and the wet are then added to the dry.
Many carrot cake recipes have optional ingredients, such as nuts, raisins, pineapple, or coconut.
Carrot cake may be eaten plain, but it is commonly either glazed or covered with white icing or cream cheese icing and walnuts, often cut.
Often they are decorated with frosting or marzipan made to look like carrots.
They are popular in loaf, sheet cake and cupcake form, and (in the United Kingdom as well as North America) can be found pre-packaged at grocery stores, and fresh at bakeries.
Some carrot cakes are even layered.
A carrot cake recipe
Rann of Kutch (Urdu:رن کچھ) is a large area of Salt marshes located mostly in Gujarat (primarily the Kutch District), Republic of India and the southern tip of Sindh province, Pakistan.
It is divided into two main parts; Great Rann of Kutch and Little Rann of Kutch.
It is entirely claimed by Pakistan as part of Sindh.
It is about  big and is reputed to be the largest salt desert in the world.
The Rann of Kachchh is Homeland of the Kutchi people.
The Rann of Kachchh is located in the Thar Desert bio-geographic area in Gujarat with some parts in Pakistani province of Sindh.
It is a seasonally marshy region, the word Rann meaning "salt marsh", alternating with medaks, elevated pieces of land where vegetation grows.
Kachchh is the name of the District currently in Gujarat (Western India), but as part of Sindh where this region is situated.
The Marsh covers a huge area of around 10,000 square miles and is positioned between the Gulf of Kutch and the mouth of the Indus River in southern Pakistan.
To the northeast corner of the Rann of Kachchh lies the Luni River, originating in Sakastan.
Republic of India-Pakistan disputed border
This inhospitable salty lowland, rich in Natural gas, is one scene of the perennial border disputes between Bharat and Pakistan that, in April 1965, contributed to the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965.
Later the same year, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Harold Wilson persuaded the combatants to end hostilities and establish a Tribunal to resolve the Territorial dispute.
A verdict was reached in 1968 which saw Pakistan getting 10% of its claim of .
90% was awarded to India, although India still claims 100% of the region.
Tensions may spurt again if the issue one many between them is not resolved.
Ecological importance
The fact that the area has desert on one side and the sea on the other provides the Rann of Kachchh with a variety of ecosystems, including Mangroves and Desert vegetation.
The grassland and deserts of the Rann of Kachchh are home to forms of wildlife that have adapted to the often harsh conditions of this vast area.
These include Endemic and Endangered animal and plant species.
The marsh covers an area of around .
It is between the Gulf of Kutch and the mouth of the Indus River in southern Pakistan.
A lot of women and young girls make their living by selling different types of embroidered cloths.
The embroidery is of various styles such as Rabari, Ahir, Sindhi, Banni, Mutwa, Ari and Soof - and some styles include mirror or bead inlay.
Kutch District
Southern Asia: Western India into Pakistan - Ecoregions
Global Species : Ecoregion : Rann of Kutch seasonal salt marsh
Kutch district (also spelled Kutch or Kachchh, ) is a formerly-independent district of Gujarat state in western Republic of India.
Covering an area of 45,612 km², it is the largest district in the state of Gujarat and also the largest district of within India.
Only the Leh, in Indian-administered Kashmir is larger.
Districts of Gujarat
The Atari 5200 SuperSystem, or simply the Atari 5200, was a video game console which came out in 1982.
It was made by Atari Inc. and was meant as a replacement to the popular Atari 2600.
Atari wanted the 5200 to compete with the Intellivision, but it competed more closely with the ColecoVision.
The 5200 was based on Atari Inc.'s 400/800 computers.
Even though the internal hardware was almost identical, the code in the software was not.
Design mistakes meant that the 5200 had problems with its use.
These problems made it a market failure.
While it was being designed, the Atari 5200 called the "Atari Video System X - Advanced Video Computer System."
Atari protected the design with a codename, "Pam," after a female employee at Atari.
A rumor said that "Pam" or "PAM" actually stood for "Personal Arcade Machine."
This was because most games for the system were based on existing arcade games.
Actual working Atari Video System X machines, whose hardware is 100% identical to the Atari 5200 do exist, but they are extremely rare.
The first 1982 release had four controller ports, where nearly all other systems of the day had only two.
The 5200 also featured a very special new controller with an analog joystick, numeric keypad, two fire buttons on both sides of the controller and game function keys for Start, Pause, and Reset.
Another special thing was the first automatic TV switchbox.
Older game systems which attached to a television's antenna leads required the user to slide a switch on the adapter by hand.
This RF box was also where the game's power supply connected in a unique dual power/television signal setup similar to the RCA Studio II's.
A single cable coming out of the 5200 plugged into the switch box and was used for both electricity and the television signal.
The 1983 version of the Atari 5200 has two controller ports instead of four.
Atari changed back to the a simpler separate power supply and manual RF switch.
It also had changes in the cartridge port to allow for the Atari 2600 adapter released that year.
While the adapter was only made to work on the two-port version, modifications can be made to the four-port to make it compatible.
In fact, towards the end of the four-port model's production run, there were a limited number of consoles produced which included these modifications.
These consoles can be identified by an asterisk in their serial number.
The prototypes used to design the controller's electrical systems used a so-called "yoke and gimbal" taken from a radio control system used to fly model airplanes.
This simple design gave very nice control and was highly reliable.
The actual controllers sold with the game were quite different and a great disappointment to the development teams.
The design of the analog joystick, which used a weak rubber boot rather than springs to center the stick, caused many joysticks to have no ability to center.
Another major flaw of the controllers was that the design did not provide smooth control through the travel of the stick.
This made controlling games awkward.
The controllers did, however, include a pause button.
This was a novelty at the time, but would become standard on almost all future game systems.
Replacement joysticks were also released by other manufacturers.
Atari Inc. released the Pro-Line Trak-Ball controller for the system, which was used for titles such as Centipede or Defender.
A paddle controller and an updated self-centering version of the original controller were also being worked on, but never made it to market.
In the web-video-game review show, James Rolfe's The Angry Video Game Nerd, Rolfe's character is shown as being very frustrated with trying to use the controllers and Pro-Line Trak Ball as neither of them work properly.
Other instances of web game review shows disliking the controller are on shows such as Mark Bussler's Classic Game Room, where the host is shown stating that the Atari 5200 controllers are the worst game console controllers of all time.
Inside differences between the 5200 and the 400/800
One of the most obvious differences was the 5200's lack of a keyboard.
However, there were several others:
The 400/800's 10 KB operating system was replaced with a simpler 2 KB BIOS, of which 1 KB is the built-in character set.
A number of important registers, such as those of the GTIA and POKEY chips appear at different memory locations.
The purpose of some registers changed slightly on the 5200.
The 5200's analog joysticks required different input handling to the traditional digital joystick input on the 400/800. (
However, the 5200 reassigned/rewired two of the 400/800's existing analog paddle registers for each bi-directional analog joystick input).
Atari Corp.'s later XE Games System revisited the idea of a console based on the 400/800 hardware.
However, as this was essentially just a 65XE computer with a keyboard which could be removed, it was able to run most of the home computer titles directly.
The Atari 5200 could not run software for the still-popular Atari 2600.
An adapter was later released in 1983 allowing it to play all Atari 2600 games, using the more reliable controllers from the 2600.
Another problem was the lack of attention that Atari Inc. gave to the console; most of its attention went to the older Atari 2600.