the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
People who have goals for Esperanto that are more similar to Zamenhof's are sometimes called  in Esperanto.
The name comes from , an Esperanto phrase which means "final victory".
It refers to a theoretical future in which nearly everyone on Earth speaks Esperanto as a second language.
German town Herzberg am Harz uses nickname die Esperanto-Stadt/la Esperanto-urbo ("the Esperanto town") since July 12, 2006.
They also teach the language in elementary schools and do some other cultural and educational events using the Esperanto language together with the Polish twin town Góra.
Esperanto is the only constructed language that the Roman Catholic Church recognises as a liturgical language.
They allow Masses in the language and Vatican Radio broadcasts in Esperanto every week.
Esperanto culture
Many people use Esperanto to communicate by mail, email, blogs or chat rooms with Esperantists in other countries.
Some travel to other countries to meet and talk in Esperanto with other Esperantists.
There are annual meetings of Esperantists.
The largest is the  ("World Congress of Esperanto"), which is held in a different country each year.
In recent years around 2,000 people have attended it, from 60 or more countries.
For young people there is  ("International Youth Congress of Esperanto").
A lot of different cultural activities take place during Esperanto meetings: concerts of Esperanto musicians, dramas, discos, presentations of the culture of the host country and culture of the countries of the participants, lectures, language-courses, and so on.
At the location of Esperanto meetings there is also a pub, a tearoom, a bookstore, etc.
with Esperanto-speaking workers.
The number of activities and possibilities depends on the size or on the theme of the meeting.
There are books and magazines written in Esperanto.
Much literature has been translated into Esperanto from other languages, including famous works, like the Bible (first time in 1926) and plays by Shakespeare.
Works that are less famous have also been translated into Esperanto, and some of these do not have English translations.
Important Esperanto writers are for example: Trevor Steele (Australia), István Nemere (Hungary) and Mao Zifu (China).
William Auld was a British writer of poetry in Esperanto and honorary president of the Esperanto PEN Centre (Esperanto part of International PEN).
Some people recommended him for the Nobel Prize in Literature.
There is music of different genres in Esperanto, including folk songs, rock music, cabaret, songs for solo singers, choirs and opera.
Among active Esperanto musicians is for example Swedish socio-critical music group La Perdita Generacio, Occitan singer JoMo, the Finnish group Dolchamar, Brazilian group Supernova, Frisian group Kajto or Polish singer-songwriter Georgo Handzlik.
Also some popular music writers and artists, including Elvis Costello and American singer Michael Jackson recorded songs in Esperanto, composed songs inspired by the language or used it in their promotional materials.
Some songs from the album Esperanto from Warner Bros., which released - all in Esperanto - in Spain, in November 1996, reached a high position in the Spanish record charts; similarly, in 1999, in Germany, hip-hop music group Freundeskreis became famous with their single Esperanto.
Classical works for orchestra and choir with texts in Esperanto are La Koro Sutro by Lou Harrison and The First Symphony by David Gaines.
In Toulouse, France, there is Vinilkosmo, which produces Esperanto music.
The main internet Esperanto songbook KantarViki has got 3,000 songs in May 2013, both original and translated.
Theatre and film
They play dramas from different writers such as Carlo Goldoni, Eugène Ionesco and William Shakespeare also in Esperanto.
Filmmakers sometimes use Esperanto in the background of films, for example in The Great Dictator by Charlie Chaplin, in the action film Blade: Trinity or in comedy sci-fi television series Red Dwarf.
Feature films in Esperanto are not very common, but there are about 15 feature films, which have Esperanto themes.
The 1966 film Incubus is notable because its dialogues are in Esperanto only.
Today some people translate subtitles of different films to Esperanto.
The website Verda Filmejo collects these subtitles.
Radio stations in Brazil, China, Cuba and Vatican broadcast regular programmes in Esperanto.
Some other radio programmes and podcasts are available on the Internet.
Internet radio station Muzaiko broadcasts Esperanto programmes on the Internet 24 hours a day since July 2011.
Between 2005 and 2006 there was also a project of international television "Internacia Televido" in Esperanto.
Esperanto TV broadcasts on the Internet from Sydney, Australia, since April 5, 2014.
On the Internet there are many online discussions in Esperanto about different topics.
There are many websites, blogs, podcasts, videos, television, and radio stations in Esperanto (see above).
Google Translate supports translations from and into Esperanto since February 22, 2012 as its 64th language.
Apart from websites and blogs of esperantists and Esperanto organizations, there is also an Esperanto Wikipedia (Vikipedio) and other projects of Wikimedia Foundation which has also got their Esperanto language version or they use Esperanto (Wikibooks, Wikisource, Wikinews, Wikimedia Commons and Wikidata).
People can also use an Esperanto version of social networks, for example Facebook, Diaspora and other websites.
Several computer programmes also have an Esperanto version, such as web browser Firefox and office suite (set of programmes for use in an office) LibreOffice.
Esperanto uses grammar and words from many natural languages, such as Latin, Russian, and French.
Morphemes in Esperanto (the smallest parts of a word that can have a meaning) cannot be changed and people can combine them into many different words.
The language has got common attributes with isolating languages (they use word order to change the meaning of a sentence) such as Chinese, while the inner structure of Esperanto words has got common attributes with agglutinative languages (they use affixes to change the meaning of a word), such as Turkish, Swahili and Japanese.
Esperanto's grammar (rules of language) is meant to be simple.
The rules in Esperanto never change and can always be applied in the same way
The Esperanto alphabet is based on the Latin script.
It has six letters with diacritics: ĉ, ĝ, ĥ, ĵ, ŝ (with circumflex), and ŭ (with breve).
The alphabet does not have the letters q, w, x, or y.
A is like a in father
B is like b in boy
C is like zz in pizza
Ĉ is like ch in chair
D is like d in dog
E is like e in egg
F is like f in flower
G is like g in go
Ĝ is like j in jam
H is like h in honey
Ĥ is like ch in Scottish loch
I is like i in it
J is like y in yes
Ĵ is like s in measure
K is like k in king
L is like l in look
M is like m in man
N is like n in no
O is like o in open
P is like p in pie
R is like r in road but is rolled (trilled, as in Spanish, Italian, Arabic, Russian)
S is like s in simple
Ŝ is like sh in sheep
T is like t in tree
U is like u in bull
Ŭ is like w in well
V is like v in cave
Z is like s in his.
Writing diacritics
There are two remedies of this problem, both of which uses digraphs for the letters with diacritics.
Zamenhof, the inventor of Esperanto, devised an "h-system", which replaces ĉ, ĝ, ĥ, ĵ, ŝ, and ŭ with ch, gh, hh, jh, sh, and u, respectively.
A more recent "x-system" has also been used, which replaces ĉ, ĝ, ĥ, ĵ, ŝ, and ŭ with cx, gx, hx, jx, sx, and ux, respectively.
There are computer keyboards that support the Esperanto alphabet, for example,  for Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux,  for Windows Phone, and Gboard & AnySoftKeyboard for Android.
Examples of words
from Romance languages
from Latin: abio (fir), sed (but), okulo (eye), akvo (water)
from French: dimanĉo (Sunday), frapi (to knock), ĉevalo (horse)
from Italian: ĉielo (sky), fari (to do), voĉo (voice)
from more Romance languages: facila (easy, simple), fero (iron), tra (through), verda (green)
from Germanic languages
from German: baldaŭ (in a short time), bedaŭri (to regret), jaro (year), nur (only)
from English: birdo (bird), ŝarko (shark), jes (yes)
from more Germanic languages: fiŝo (fish), fremda (foreign), ofta (frequent)
from Slavic languages
from Polish: ĉu (word for yes/no questions)
from Russian: barakti (to fight), vosto (tail)
from Czech: ne (no, not), roboto (robot), ĉerpi (to pump)
from more Slavic Languages: krom (except), celo (finish, goal, target)
from other Indo-European languages
from Greek: hepato (liver), kaj (and), biologio (biology), politiko (politics)
from Lithuanian: du (two), tuj (at once)
from Sanskrit: budho (buddha), nirvano (Nirvana), pado (path, way)
from Finno-Ugric languages
from Finnish: saŭno (sauna)
from Hungarian: ĉardaŝo (Csárdás - Hungarian national dance), ĉuro (semen)
from Semitic languages
from Hebrew: kabalo (Kabbalah)
from Arabic: aŭ (or)
from other languages
from Japanese: cunamo (tsunami), zeno (Zen)
from Chinese: tofuo (tofu), teo (tea)
from Hawaiian: vikio (wiki)
The criticism, which is specific for Esperanto, targets various parts of the language itself (the special Esperanto letters, the -n ending, sound of the language, and so on).
Some peoplesay that use of the diacritics (the letters ĉ, ĝ, ĥ, ĵ, ŝ, ŭ) make the language less neutral than it would be using only the basic letters of Latin alphabet.
No other language uses the letters ĉ, ĥ and ĵ.
The letter ĥ is the least used letter in Esperanto and ĵ is not used frequently either, leading people to question how necessary they are.
Critics of Esperantoalso say that the same ending of an adjective and a noun (such as "", "", "") is unnecessary.
English, for example, does not have the requirement that an adjective and noun must agree in tense, and has no indicator for accusative cases.
One of the common criticisms from both non-Esperanto-speakers and those who speak Esperanto, is that there is language sexism in Esperanto.
Some words by default refer to males, and the feminine counterparts have to be constructed by adding the -in- suffix to the masculine root.
Such a words are words like  (father) and  (mother),  (son) and  (daughter),  (uncle) and  (aunt), and so on.
The majority of all Esperanto words have no specific meaning on the basis of sex.
Some people proposed the suffix -iĉ- with male meaning in order to make the meaning of the basic word neutral.
However this proposal is not widely accepted by Esperanto speakers.
Criticism of some parts of Esperanto motivated the creation of various new constructed languages like Ido, Novial, Interlingua and Lojban.
However, none of these constructed languages have as many speakers as Esperanto does.
Example of text
Normal sample: Ĉiuj homoj estas denaske liberaj kaj egalaj laŭ digno kaj rajtoj.
Ili posedas racion kaj konsciencon, kaj devus konduti unu la alian en spirito de frateco.
Version in h-system: Chiuj homoj estas denaske liberaj kaj egalaj lau digno kaj rajtoj.
Version in x-system: Cxiuj homoj estas denaske liberaj kaj egalaj laux digno kaj rajtoj.
Simple English translation: All people are free and equal in dignity and rights.
They are reasonable and moral, and should act kindly to each other.
Metaphoric use of the word "Esperanto"
People sometimes use the word "Esperanto" in a metaphoric way (not in its literal sense).
They use it to say that something aims to be international or neutral, or it uses a wide mixture of ideas.
They say the programming language Java is "independent of specific computer systems [e.g. Windows, Android] like Esperanto is independent of ... nations".
Similarly, they call the font Noto "the Esperanto of fonts" because it tries to work well for every culture's writing.
Esperanto on Citizendium
A popular website to learn Esperanto.
Mp3 files of Esperanto radio broadcasts
Music videos in Esperanto from Mauritius and Madagascar
Learn Not To Speak Esperanto , a piece criticizing Esperanto's problems; and Why not to learn Esperanto, Claude Piron's answer to it.
Barbara Pierce Bush (June 8, 1925 – April 17, 2018) was the First Lady of the United States from 1989 to 1993 as the wife of the 41st President of the United States, George H.W. Bush.
She had also served as Second Lady of the United States from 1981 to 1989 when her husband was 43rd Vice President under Ronald Reagan.
Bush was born at NewYork–Presbyterian Queens in Flushing, Queens on New York.
Her parents were Pauline Robinson (1896-1949) and her husband, Marvin Pierce (1893-1969).
Her mother died in a car accident.
Her ancestor Thomas Pierce, an early New England colonist, was also an ancestor of Franklin Pierce, the 14th President of the United States.
She is a fourth cousin, four times removed of Franklin Pierce.
Bush spent her early childhood in Rye, New York.
She began her studies in a school there.
Then she studied in a boarding school at Ashley Hall in Charleston, South Carolina.
At a dance party, Barbara met George H. W. Bush.
At that time she was 17 years old, and George Bush was a student at Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts.
They got engaged just before Bush went to fight in World War II.
He was a torpedo bomber of the United States Navy.
George named three of his airplanes after Barbara: Barbara, Barbara II, and Barbara III.
In December 1944, Bush returned to the USA on leave.
Two weeks later, they married on January 6, 1945.
After World War II, Bush graduated from the Yale University.
They moved to Midland, Texas.
In 1953, the Bushes' daughter Robin died of leukemia.
On April 13, 2013, she became a great-grandmother after her granddaughter Jenna Bush Hager gave birth to a daughter.
George W. Bush (born July 6, 1946) 43rd President of the United States and 46th Governor of Texas
Pauline Robinson "Robin" Bush (December 20, 1949 - October 11, 1953, died of leukemia);
John Ellis "Jeb" Bush (born February 11, 1953); 43rd Governor of Florida
Neil Mallon Bush (born January 22, 1955);
Marvin Pierce Bush (born October 22, 1956)
Dorothy Bush Koch (born August 18, 1959).
Over the years, the Bush family moved 29 times.
George H. W. Bush had become a successful person and had founded Zapata Corporation.
He had a variety of government jobs.
George H. W. Bush became the 41st President of the United States in 1989 and served until 1993.
While First Lady
Bush became the First Lady of the United States when her husband was the 41st President of the United States from 1989 to 1993.
She made a paw print of her pet Millie for a holiday card in 1991.
After being First Lady
After her husband's presidency, they moved to Houston, Texas.
They also had a big house in Kennebunkport, Maine.
On March 18, 2003, two days before the beginning of the 2003 invasion of Iraq, when her son George W. Bush was President, ABC's Good Morning America asked her about her family's television viewing habits.
She replied:
I watch none.
He [former President George H.W. Bush] sits and listens and I read books, because I know perfectly well that, don't take offense, that 90 percent of what I hear on television is supposition, when we're talking about the news.
And he's not, not as understanding of my pettiness about that.
But why should we hear about body bags and deaths, and how many, what day it's gonna happen, and how many this or that or what do you suppose?
Or, I mean, it's not relevant.
So, why should I waste my beautiful mind on something like that, and watch him suffer.
While visiting a Houston relief center for people displaced by Hurricane Katrina, Bush told the radio program Marketplace,
Almost everyone I've talked to says, 'We're gonna move to Houston.'
What I'm hearing, which is sort of scary, is they all want to stay in Texas... Everybody is so overwhelmed by the hospitality, and so many of the people in the arenas here, you know, were underprivileged anyway, so this (as she chuckles slightly) is working very well for them.
Audio clip.
The remarks were controversial.
In 2006, it was revealed that Barbara Bush donated an undisclosed amount of money to the Bush–Clinton Katrina Fund on the condition that the charity do business with an educational software company owned by her son Neil Bush.
In November 2008, Bush was hospitalized for abdominal pains.
On November 25, a dime-sized hole in her small intestine was found by surgeons.
She was released on December 2, 2008 and was reported to be doing well.
In a November 2010 interview with Larry King, Bush was asked about former Alaska Governor Sarah Palin.
Bush remarked, "I sat next to her once, thought she was beautiful, and I think she's very happy in Alaska, and I hope she'll stay there."
Palin responded, "I don't want to, sort of, concede that we have to get used to this kind of thing, because I think the majority of Americans don't want to put up with the blue-bloods – and I say it with all due respect, because I love the Bushes – but, the blue-bloods, who want to pick and choose their winners, instead of allowing competition to pick and choose the winners."
Barbara Bush was portrayed by Ellen Burstyn in the 2008 movie W..
Health and death
She had surgery on her small intestine.
Bush underwent aortic valve replacement surgery in March 2009.
On December 31, 2013, Bush was hospitalized at The Methodist Hospital, in Houston, Texas, for a "respiratory related issue".
She was in stable condition and received a visit from her family, according to the Bush family's statement to the media.
She returned in 2010 for routine testing.
On January 4, 2014, Bush was released from the hospital.
It was announced she had been suffering from pneumonia.
She said, "I cannot thank the doctors and nurses at Houston Methodist enough for making sure I got the best treatment and got back to George and our dogs as quickly as possible."
On April 15, 2018 it was reported by a source close to the Bush family that Barbara was in "failing health".
She decided to have only "comfort care", which is placing end-of life patients under comfort care until they die.
She chose to be at home with her family rather than go back to the hospital for treatment.
She suffered from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, congestive heart failure (COPD) and Grave's disease.
Bush died on April 17, 2018 in Houston of complications from COPD and congestive heart failure at the age of 92.
She was buried at the George Bush Presidential Library in College Station, Texas on April 21, 2018.
Deaths from COPD
People from Rye, New York
Kadis-kot is a fictional board game in the TV show Star Trek.
It is played on a six-sided board with three sets of coloured stones.
A summary of the game at Memory Alpha
en:List of games in Star Trek#Kadis-kot
Kenny Rogers (August 21, 1938 – March 20, 2020) was a Grammy Award-winning country music singer and songwriter.
His best known songs include "The Gambler" and "Lucille".
He acted in several movies and television series.
He owned a franchise of roast chicken restaurants called "Kenny Rogers Roasters".
Writers from Houston, Texas
Singers from Houston, Texas
Moundou is the capital of the Logone Occidental in Chad.
It has a population of 99,530 as of 2003.
Moundou lies on one of the main roads in southern Chad.
It is the main city of the Ngambai people.
Moundou is a center for industry and makes cotton and oil.
Andrew Aagesen or Andreas Aagesen (August 5, 1826 - October 26, 1879) was a Danish lawyer and politician.
The Danish laws of the Sea, of the 1882 was mostly his work.
Andrew Aagesen studied law at Christianshavn and Copenhagen.
He stopped his studies in 1848 to take part in the First Schleswig War.
He served as the leader of a reserve battalion.
In 1855, he became a professor of jurisprudence at the University of Copenhagen.
In 1879, he was elected as a member of the Landsting.
He was Carl Christian Hall's successor as a lecturer on Roman law at the University of Copenhagen.
1826 births
1887 deaths
Danish politicians
Danish businesspeople
Danish educators
Heart is a rock band which started in Seattle in the 1960s.
It became famous with the release of "Dreamboat Annie" in 1976 when the band-members were living in Vancouver.
Heart was started by Steve Fossen and brothers Roger and Mike Fisher in Seattle.
Ann Wilson joined the band in Seattle in 1970.
Nancy Wilson joined the band in 1974.
From then, Ann and Nancy wrote almost all of the band's songs.
From 1976, the band was very successful, and sold many millions of records.
Ann Wilson was the lead singer and sometimes played the flute.
Roger Fisher played the lead guitar and sang.
Steve Fossen played the bass guitar.
Nancy Wilson played lots of different types of guitar and sang.
Mike Fisher managed the band and also looked after the sound and the lights.
In 1975 some extra people joined the band.
Michael DeRosier played the drums.
Howard Leese played lots of different instruments and stayed with the band until 1998.
The Fisher brothers left the band in 1979.
Steve Fossen and Michael DeRosier left the band in 1982.
Denny Carmassi played the drums, Mark Andes played the bass guitar, and Nancy Wilson played the lead guitar.
The band did not do much in the 1990s, but Ann & Nancy started doing things again in the early 2000s.
Since then, the band has made lots of appearances in public and on TV.
Their best known song is called Barracuda.
It was written in 1977 by Ann and Nancy Wilson, Michael DeRosier, Sue Ennis (a friend of Ann and Nancy) and Roger Fisher.
Some of the places it has been and used are:
2000 - the American TV series "Friends"
2000 - the American movie "Charlie's Angels"
2002 - the American TV series "King of the Hill"
2004 - the American TV series "The Sopranos"
2004 - the American TV series "Reno 911!"
2004 - the computer game "Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas"
2005 - the live album A Radical Recital by the group "Rasputina"
2007 - the American movie "Shrek the Third"  (The song is sung by "Fergie" from the "Black Eyed Peas")
2007 - the video game "Guitar Hero III: Legends of Rock"
2008 - during a TV commercial for the Honda "Odyssey" car
The band's first album went on sale in 1976.
It was given the name "Dreamboat Annie".
A lot of people liked the album and more than one million (1,000,000) copies of it were sold.
The album had the ballads "How Deep It Goes" and "(Love Me Like Music) I'll Be Your song."
In addition it had the songs "Magic Man" and "Crazy On You".
After lots of people had bought copies of the "Dreamboat Annie" album, Heart changed to a new record company.
Their second album in 1977 was given the name "Little Queen".
It had the hard rock song "Barracuda". "
Barracuda" and "Dreamboat Annie" are Heart's best known early songs.
A third album was called "Magazine".
It was given to the shops by the old record company before "Little Queen" was made.
Heart did not like this, and wanted all copies of "Magazine" to be destroyed.
They took the old record company to court.
The judge ordered that the old record company must stop selling the album.
The judge also ordered that Heart must make a new album for the old record company.
This new album was also called "Magazine".
It was given to the shops after "Little Queen" was made.
In 1978, the band released "Dog & Butterfly".
It was very different in musical style from the first three albums.
Sue Ennis was a friend of Ann and Nancy Wilson.
She helped write a lot of the songs on "Dog & Butterfly".
Two of the songs were named "Straight On" and "Dog & Butterfly".
Heart did not sell as many copies of this album.
The next two or three albums were not very good.
Roger Fisher and Steve Fossen left the band.
In 1985 the band had new people in it, and had a new record company.
They made an album called "Heart", and it sold lots of copies.
The sort of music that Heart played was different.
In the 1970s, the music was hard rock.
In the 1980s the music was Top 40 pop.
Some of the songs were "How Can I Refuse", "What About Love", "Alone", "Never", "These Dreams"  and "All I Want To Do Is Make Love To You".
In the 1990s, as well as performing and touring as Heart, the Wilson sisters started another band with Sue Ennis.
They called this band "The LoveMongers".
The also set up a recording studio in Seattle which they called "Bad Animals".
Bad Animals is also the name of an album they made in 1987
In 1999, Nancy made a solo album called "Live at McCabes Guitar Shop".
In 2007, Ann made a solo album called "Hope & Glory".
1976 - Dreamboat Annie
1977 - Little Queen
1978 - Magazine
1978 - Dog and Butterfly
1980 - Bebe le Strange
1982 - Private Audition
1983 - Passionworks
1985 - Heart
1987 - Bad Animals
1990 - Brigade
1993 - Desire Walks On
2004 - Jupiter's Darling
2010 - Red Velvet Car
2012 - Fanatic
2016 - Beautiful Broken
1980 - Greatest Hits Live
1991 - Rock the House!
1995 - The Road Home
2003 - Alive in Seattle
2007 - Dreamboat Annie Live
2014 - Fanatic Live from Caesar's Colosseum
2014 - Heart & Friends – Home for the Holidays
2016 - Live at the Royal Albert Hall with the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra
2019 - Live in Atlantic City
Compilation and Holiday albums
1997 - These Dreams: Heart's Greatest Hits
1998 - Greatest Hits
2000 - Greatest Hits: 1985-1995
2001 - Heart Presents A Lovemongers' Christmas
2002 - The Essential Heart
2006 - Love Songs
2008 - Playlist: The Very Best of Heart
2012 - Strange Euphoria
2013 - Icon
"Crazy on You" (Album: Dreamboat Annie)
"Magic Man" (Album: Dreamboat Annie)
"Dreamboat Annie"(Album: Dreamboat Annie)
"(Love Me Like Music) I'll Be Your Song" (Little Queen)
"Barracuda" (Little Queen)
"Little Queen" (Little Queen)
"Kick it Out" (Little Queen)
"Love Alive" (Little Queen)
"Crazy on You" (re-issue) (Dreamboat Annie)
"Heartless" (Magazine)
"Straight On" (Dog and Butterfly)
"Dog and Butterfly" (Dog and Butterfly)
"Magazine" (Magazine)
"Without You" (Magazine)
"Even it Up" (Bebe le Strange)
"Bebe le Strange" (Bebe le Strange)
"Break" (Bebe le Strange)
"Raised on You" (Bebe le Strange)
"Sweet Darlin'" (Bebe le Strange)
"Tell it Like it Is" (Greatest Hits Live)
"Unchained Melody" (Greatest Hits Live)
"This Man Is Mine" (Private Audition)
"City's Burning" (Private Audition)
"Bright Light Girl" (Private Audition)
"The Situation" (Private Audition)
"How Can I Refuse?" (
Passionworks)
"Sleep Alone" (Passionworks)
"Allies" (Passionworks)
"The Heat" (Up the Creek soundtrack)
"What About Love" (Heart )
"Never" (Heart )
"These Dreams" (Heart )
"Nothin' at All" (Heart )
"If Looks Could Kill" (Heart )
"Alone" (Bad Animals)
"Who Will You Run To" (Bad Animals)
"There's the Girl" (Bad Animals)
"I Want You So Bad" (Bad Animals)
"Wait for an Answer" (Bad Animals)
"Never" / "These Dreams" (Heart)
"What About Love"
"Nothin' at All" (Heart)
"All I Wanna Do Is Make Love to You" (Brigade)
"Wild Child" (Brigade)
"Tall, Dark, Handsome Stranger" (Brigade)
"I Didn't Want to Need You" (Brigade)
"Stranded" (Brigade)
"Secret" (Brigade)
"You're the Voice" (Rock the House!
Live)
"Black on Black II" (Desire Walks On )
"Will You Be There (In the Morning)" (Desire Walks On )
"Back to Avalon" (Desire Walks On )
"The Woman in Me" (Desire Walks On )
"Alone" (The Road Home)
"The Road Home"  (The Road Home)
"Strong, Strong Wind" (Greatest Hits)
"The Perfect Goodbye" (Jupiter's Darling)
"Oldest Story in the World" (Jupiter's Darling)
"Make Me" (Jupiter's Darling)
"Hey You" (Album: Red Velvet Car)
"WTF" (Album: Red Velvet Car)’
"Walking Good" (Album: Fanatic)
"Fanatic" (Album: Fanatic)’
"Dear Old America" (Album: Fanatic)
"Stairway to Heaven" (Album: "Stairway to Heaven (Live at the Kennedy Center Honors)" (single) )’
´**"All Through the Nigh" (Album: Home for the Holidays (Christmas single))
"Beautiful Broken" (Album: Beautiful Broken)
1970s establishments in Washington (state)
Golden Earring is a Dutch rock band.
They began in 1961 in The Hague; named the Golden Earrings.
In 1969, they became just Golden Earring, (dropping the "s").
They gained worldwide fame with their hit song "Radar Love" in 1973.
The single was number one on the Dutch charts, in the top ten in the United Kingdom and number thirteen on the American music charts.
"Twilight Zone" in 1982, and "When the Lady Smiles" in 1984 were also hit singles.
During their career they had nearly 30 top-ten singles on the Dutch charts.
Over the years they produced 25 studio albums.
All musicians in the band have been members of the band since 1970.
Other musicians, however, have come and gone during all these years.
In March 2009, Golden Earring celebrated its comeback in the United Kingdom with two concerts in Ipswich and London.
Golden Earring's newest studio album was recorded live in a studio in London.
It was released in May 2012.
The album, named Tits 'n Ass, went to number one in the Dutch album charts.
Golden Earring went on their first major US tour in 1969 and 1970.
Between 1969 and 1984, the band completed thirteen US tours.
Golden Earring enjoyed a brief period of international stardom but were unable to get further chart success until 1982's "Twilight Zone".
This was followed by "The Lady Smiles" in 1984.
The Russian rock band Aria made a successful cover version of a single, "Going To The Run".
From 1992 to 2004 the band released three acoustic live "unplugged" albums which were successful.
Since 1992, the band has performed popular acoustic unplugged theater-shows.
The acoustic albums feature unplugged versions of famous hits of the band.
Hit singles
"Radar Love", from the album Moontan, became a hit in both Europe and the USA in 1973.
The album Moontan itself was awarded a gold record in the States.
This is the band's best known song.
There have been more than 200 cover versions of this classic rock song.
It was voted "best car song ever" by readers of USA Today in 2005 and second-best "greatest driving song" in a poll of BBC's programme Top Gear.
George Kooymans, the band's vocalist and guitarist, wrote "Twilight Zone".
It was released in 1982 and brought Golden Earring more success.
This song also had one of the first music videos.
It was aired on the new music television channel, MTV, which began in 1981.
This helped "Twilight Zone" become a Top Ten hit in the States.
The song was inspired by the popular TV series The Twilight Zone.
"When the Lady Smiles", from the album News, was the next international hit in 1984.
It became a top hit in Europe and Canada with the help of a music video.
It was not as successful in the States.
The music video was banned from MTV because it showed nudity and the rape of a nun.
Just Ear-rings (1965)
Winter-Harvest (1967)
Miracle Mirror (1968)
On the Double (1969)
Eight Miles High (1969)
Golden Earring (1970)
Seven Tears (1971)
Together (1972)
Moontan (1973)
Switch (1975)
To the Hilt (1976)
Contraband (1976)
Grab It for a Second (1978)
No Promises...No Debts (1979)
Prisoner of the Night (1980)
Cut (1982)
N.E.W.S. (1984)
The Hole (1986)
Keeper of the Flame (1989)
Bloody Buccaneers (1991)
Face It (1994)
Love Sweat (1995)
Paradise in Distress (1999)
Millbrook U.S.A. (2003)
Tits 'n Ass (2012)
Official Golden Earring website
Musical groups established in 1961
1960s establishments in the Netherlands
1961 establishments in Europe
Richard Springthorpe (born August 23, 1949), known better by his stage name Rick Springfield, is an Australian musician and actor.
He was extremely popular in the 1980s thanks to a string of hit songs including "Jesse's Girl", and a recurring role on the TV show, General Hospital.
Australian rock musicians
The anus is the opening in the human body that is between the buttocks.
It is at the end of the gastrointestinal system (including the organs that digest food), where feces or stool comes out of the body.
An orgasm is a sexual climax (or high point).
An orgasm happens because of continued sexual touching.
During an orgasm, there is a strong feeling of excitement and pleasure.
Sexual touching may be sexual intercourse, rubbing or squeezing by hand (called masturbation), or other actions that make the sex organs feel good.
The person's brain activity changes quickly.
The parts of the brain responsible for fear, worry and self-control become less active.
Many people moan, shout or say strange things during orgasm.
Usually, people's minds focus almost completely on the pleasure of the orgasm, and become less aware of what is going on around them than usual.
Orgasms may sometimes happen when people are asleep, this called a wet dream.
Male orgasm
The penis usually becomes erect (hard) before an orgasm, and flaccid (soft) again after.
When a man has an orgasm, his penis spasms and undergoes a series of rhythmic contractions, during which he feels a very strong and enjoyable feeling in his penis and groin, and sometimes in all of his body.
In a man, an orgasm usually happens at the same time as an ejaculation, which is a release of semen through the penis that can't be stopped.
Young boys can orgasm, but there may be no semen because semen release usually occurs (happens) only after puberty has started.
After an orgasm, men usually have a deep sense of relaxation, usually felt in the groin and the thighs.
Usually the stronger the orgasm is, the deeper the relaxation and the longer the relaxation will last.
Female orgasm
A woman's orgasm begins in her clitoris, which is the counterpart of the man's penis.
It is preceded by an erection of the clitoris and a moistening of the opening of the vagina.
When a woman goes through a full orgasm, her uterus, vagina, anus and pelvic muscles undergo a series of rhythmic contractions.
Most women find these contractions very pleasurable.
Rubbing or applying other consistent pressure against the clitoris is usually needed to help the woman have an orgasm.
Orgasm and reproduction
Orgasm plays an important role in human reproduction.
It is the most exciting moment of sexual intercourse, so it is an important factor that makes men and women want to have intercourse, which allows reproduction to happen.
It is also the moment at which the man releases semen into the woman to begin the process of fertilization.
During sexual intercourse, a man places his penis inside a woman's vagina and moves it backwards and forwards.
The woman may also move her hips back and forth, or in a circular motion.
The friction caused by this movement, together with the warmth and pressure of the vagina, causes the man to have pleasurable feelings in his penis.
As intercourse continues, these feelings grow stronger and stronger until the man has an orgasm and ejaculates, at which time semen then shoots out from the end of his penis into the woman's vagina.
The woman may also have one or more orgasms during intercourse as well.
Unlike a man, who usually can have only one orgasm during intercourse, a woman may have more than one.
During intercourse she may rub her clitoris, or she may have her man do so.
This can make the woman have an orgasm.
The shaft of the penis may also stimulate the clitoris in some positions.
Scientists are not sure why women have orgasms.
Some believe that the orgasm helps the sperm in the man's semen to swim up the vagina into the cervix, so that it is more likely that a sperm cell will fuse with an egg cell.
Others think that the woman's orgasm is designed to help make the man reach orgasm.
During her orgasm, a woman may moan, cry, or scream, which usually excites her man, and her vagina may contract, gripping the penis more tightly and making sex more exciting for him.
These reactions may cause the man to ejaculate more quickly or to produce more semen; when a woman reaches orgasm during intercourse, it often makes her man have an orgasm at that point as well.
Orgasm may also encourage a woman to have sex more often as it feels good, increasing the chances of pregnancy.
Banker-Riskin, Anita; Grandinetti, Deborah (1997).
Simultaneous Orgasm: And Other Joys of Sexual Intimacy.
Hunter House.
ISBN 0-89793-221-8, ISBN 978-0-89793-221-9.
PARTRIDGE, Eric (2001).
Shakespeare's bawdy: Classics Series Routledge classics.
2nd ed.,
ISBN 0-415-25400-0, ISBN 978-0-415-25400-7.
Plato (2001).
The Banquet. (
P.B. Shelley, Trans.,
J. Lauritsen, Ed.,
Foreword).
Provincetown, MA: Pagan Press.
WEBB, Timothy (1976).
The violet in the crucible: Shelley and translation, 1976.
Gabriele Froböse, Rolf Froböse, Michael Gross (Translator): Lust and Love: Is it more than Chemistry?
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry, ISBN 0-85404-867-7, (2006).
Komisaruk, Barry R.; Beyer-Flores, Carlos; Whipple, Beverly.
The Science of Orgasm.
Baltimore, MD; London: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2006 (hardcover, ISBN 0-8018-8490-X).
Men's Health: Male Orgasm
Net Doctor: Female Orgasm
Ted Talk by Mary Roach on 10 things you didn't know about orgasm
The prostate is a gland of the male body that adds part of the fluid to semen.
A healthy human prostate is slightly larger than a walnut.
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder.
Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting elderly men in developed (also known as first world) countries and a major cause of death.
Regular rectal exams are recommended for older men to detect prostate cancer early.
The prostate is often referred to as the male G-spot, which is a spot inside the female vagina that causes intense pleasure when it is stimulated.
The prostate can be massaged by using a finger or during anal sex.
Some males are able to orgasm with prostate stimulation alone.
University of California, Santa Barbara's SexInfo  This article includes general information on the prostate, related medical conditions, and information on stimulating the prostate for sexual pleasure.
In a typical fossil, the body form is retained, but the original molecules that made up the body have been replaced by some inorganic material, such as calcium carbonate (CaCO3) or silica (SiO2).
The fossil feels like, and is, made of rock.
It has been mineralised or petrified (literally, turned into rock).
A fossil may also be an imprint or impression of a living thing remaining in the fossilised mud of a long-gone age.
Some organisms fossilise well, others do not.
The most common fossils are those left behind by organisms that produce hard materials.
The hard, calcitic shells of molluscs (such as clams and snails) and of now-rare brachiopods (also known as lampshells) are examples.
These sea-dwelling shellfish have produced many fossiliferous (that is, fossil-bearing) chalky layers of limestone in the earth.
The best-known fossils for the general public are those of the giant, prehistoric dinosaurs.
The fossilized bones and fossilized tracks of these huge, ancient reptiles can be seen in many museums of natural history and earth science.
The study of fossils by geologists and biologists is known as paleontology.
If the study puts living things in their ecological context it is called paleobiology.
Human uses
Humans have found many uses for fossils.
Some fossils are found and sold for money, in Morocco, fossils of ammonites, dinosaurs and sharks are examples of such.
Other fossils like those in the Tamiami formation are used in the construction of roads.
In some places fossils are used as a mulch- material used to cover soil.
Some fossils are used as a marker to determine formation .
Places of special preservation
There are some sites where fossils have been found with remarkable details, or in large numbers.
Palaeontologists call these sites by the German term Lagerstätten.
The La Brea tar pits in Los Angeles is such a place.
So are the Solnhofen limestone quarries in Bavaria.
Types of fossils
Microscopic or very tiny fossils are called "microfossils"; while larger, macroscopic fossils — such as those of seashells and mammals — are called "macrofossils".
Natural stones which look like fossilized organisms, but are not fossils at all, are called "pseudofossils".
Although most fossils are formed from the hard parts of organisms, there are also indirect signs of prehistoric life.
Examples such as a worm's trail or an animal's footprint are quite common.
They are known as  trace fossils.
Fossilized excrement, faeces or dung is known as a coprolite.
Chemical traces of prehistoric organisms is called a chemofossil.
Objects made by prehistoric people are called artifacts.
Even when the remains of soft-bodied animals are gone, there may be impressions, molds or carbon traces which remain permanently.
So, in special cases, we do have fossils even of small, soft invertebrate animals.
Sometimes a fossil is produced as a result of dryness (desiccation), freezing, or pine resin.
Mummified animals, ice-covered wooly mammoths, and insect-filled amber are examples of such fossils.
Living fossils, however, are not fossils at all.
Instead, they are modern-day organisms which very closely resemble their prehistoric ancestors of many millions of years ago.
The ginkgo tree, the coelacanth and the horseshoe crab are good examples.
Early notice taken of fossils
Many pre-scientific peoples noticed fossils, but not all thought they were the remains of living things.
Perhaps the first to leave a record of his thought was the Ancient Greek philosopher Xenophanes (about 570BC–470BC).p387 His ideas were reported by later writers:
"Shells [are] found in the midst of the land, and on mountains.
In the quarries of Syracuse the impressions of a fish and seaweed have been found; on Paros the impression of a bay-leaf in the depth of a stone, and on Malta the flattened shape of sea-creatures [have been found].
These, he says, were formed when everything, long ago, was covered in mud, and the impression dried out in the mud".
Guthrie p387
These ideas were rediscovered in the 17th century in Europe.
Nicolas Steno in the Netherlands and Robert Hooke at the Royal Society in London both wrote and gave lectures about fossils.
In the 18th century fossil-collecting began, and serious thinking on geology began to make progress.
In the 19th century geology became a modern science, and fossils played a part in the theory of evolution.
Earth history
Lagerstätten
Fossil -Citizendium
Nine Inch Nails, or NIN, is the name of a famous industrial metal band.
Trent Reznor writes all the band's songs and plays most of the music himself.
He started the band in 1988 in Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Nine Inch Nails have been nominated for twelve Grammy Awards.
Pretty Hate Machine (1989-1991)
Pretty Hate Machine was Nine Inch Nails' first album.
It first came out in 1989.
The songs "Down In It", "Head Like A Hole", and "Sin" became famous from the radio and MTV.
Broken and Fixed (1992-1993)
In 1992, Nine Inch Nails made a short album called Broken.
It had only eight songs.
The song "Wish" won a Grammy Award.
Another album, called Fixed, has some of the same songs as Broken, but other musicians have changed the music and added new sounds.
It was initially going to be one studio album (with eleven tracks, the eight tracks on Broken as tracks 1-8 and tracks 4-6 on Fixed as tracks 9-11), making it the second studio album and Downward Spiral the third studio album, but decided to split it in half due to personal reasons and it was not the second studio album.
Downward Spiral (1994-1996)
A new album called The Downward Spiral came out in 1994.
It is the most popular and famous Nine Inch Nails album.
Music stores have sold more than 4 million copies of The Downward Spiral all together.
The songs "Closer", "March Of The Pigs", and "Hurt" were very popular on MTV and radio stations.
Trent Reznor asked many other musicians to make remixes from the songs.
The remixes were released on a new album called Further Down The Spiral.
In 1994, Nine Inch Nails played at the Woodstock 94 concert in New York.
After that, they became one of the most famous bands in the world.
For five years, there were no Nine Inch Nails albums or concerts.
Many fans worried that the band they liked would stop making music forever.
Other works and The Fragile (1997-2001)
Finally, a new album came out in 1999.
It was called The Fragile.
It was the longest album Nine Inch Nails had ever made, and the music was very different from the old albums.
It was initially going to release in fall 1997 (and was also going to include "The Perfect Drug") but got pushed back due to personal problems and The Perfect Drug was never put on the album.
Many of the songs were only music with no words.
Songs like that are called instrumentals.
Writers who write about music wrote good things about The Fragile in many magazines and newspapers.
People knew the music of Nine Inch Nails had changed, but many people thought it was better than before.
Even though many people liked the album, it would still take Trent Reznor another five years to make another one.
This was due to Trent Reznor drinking and becoming addicted to other drugs.
He is now healthy.
Trent also argued with his manager John Malm over how much money he should make.
The court has agreed with Trent and John is no longer Trent's manager.
With Teeth (2002-2006)
Nine Inch Nails' next album was called With Teeth.
When the song "The Hand That Feeds" was first played on the radio, fans were very happy that Nine Inch Nails had come back.
The second song on the album to be played on the radio is "Only" and the third is "Every Day Is Exactly The Same".
Year Zero, Ghosts I-IV and hiatus (2007-2010)
Year Zero came out on April 17, 2007.
Before it came out, there was a game that people could play.
You could find clues to discover more about the story.
That kind of game is called an Alternate Reality Game.
Only one single came out.
That song is called Survivalism.
On March 2, 2008, the albums Ghosts I-IV (1 to 4) came out.
It was made of 4 small albums Ghosts 1, 2, 3 and 4.
All the songs on these albums were instrumentals and the first album was free to download from the website, or available cheaply to download.
This was new in the way that music is sold, because usually music is sold for lots of money, and the money is given to many people, most who did not make the music, but helped give money to the people who did, or sent the music to shops to be sold, or made adverts for it.
After two months since the release of Ghosts I-IV, a new album came out called The Slip  on May 5, 2008.
The Slip was released in three formats for free.
Hesitation Marks (2011-present)
The latest Nine Inch Nails' album, Hesitation Marks (2013), was nominated for Best Alternative Music Album at the 2014 Grammy Awards.
Trent Reznor makes almost all of the music for Nine Inch Nails.
He is the only member.
When Nine Inch Nails plays at concerts, other musicians are also part of the band.
The musicians who play in Nine Inch Nails are not always the same.
Now, Trent Reznor sings and plays some instruments, Robin Finck plays the guitar, Justin Meldal-Johnsen plays the bass guitar, and Ilan Rubin plays the drums.
1989: Pretty Hate Machine
1994: The Downward Spiral
1999: The Fragile
2005: With Teeth
2007: Year Zero
2008: Ghosts I–IV
2008: The Slip
2013: Hesitation Marks
Alternative metal bands
Musicians from Cleveland, Ohio
musical groups from Ohio
1980s establishments in Ohio
In remixing, a person (often a recording engineer or record producer or lyrics producer) takes a familiar song, splits it into different parts called tracks, and changes the song's music, instruments, layout, and or vocals to create a new version of the same song.
It is called remixing due to mixing being the putting together of all the parts of a song, and remixing being the putting together of the parts of the song differently than the original.
Remixers, that is, people who remix, are musicians who use a variety of tools, primarily electronic, to create the new song versions.
Remixing can be simply moving song parts around; it can also be creating new music for an old song lyric.
There are two common kinds of remixing: production and mashups.
Production remixing uses new instruments with the old song vocal, and mashups use two old songs mixed together to create a new song.
It is pertinent to mention that the remix of R. Kelly and Beyonce's song "If I were a boy" shows that remixing also involves the editing of the words of a music to publicize more enlightenment gained from over time listening and attuning of the soul to the music by the general public.
This tells musicians to be cautious about the wordings of their music.
The wordings are as beautiful as the sound the soul hears, because the soul listens to the music and not the ears necessarily.
A fine captivating lyrics with poor musical sound can last for many uncountable centuries as most captivating music than a music with a captivating sound but poor lyrics.
Events of our daily life can be used to produce remix for most music we have lived out innocently.
This is a very green field opportunity for upcoming remixers.