the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
1801 – Horatia Nelson, daughter of Horatio Nelson and Emma Hamilton (d. 1881)
1810 - Ernst Kummer, German mathematician (d. 1893)
1832 - Nikolay Pavlovich Ignatiev, Russian general and diplomat (d. 1908)
1838 - Edward Morley, American chemist (d. 1923)
1843 – William McKinley, 25th President of the United States (d. 1901)
1846 – Karol Olszewski, Polish scientist (d. 1915)
1850 - Ebenezer Howard, British inventor of the Garden city movement (d. 1928)
1853 - Kitasato Shibasaburo, Japanese physician and bacteriologist (d. 1931)
1860 – Anton Chekhov, Russian writer (d. 1904)
1862 – Frederick Delius, English composer (d. 1934)
1866 – Romain Rolland, French writer (d. 1944)
1866 - Julio Peris Brell, Spanish painter (d. 1944)
1867 – Vicente Blasco Ibañez, Spanish writer (d. 1928)
1874 – John D. Rockefeller, Jr., American businessman (d. 1960)
1880 – WC Fields, American actor (d. 1946)
1884 - Douglass Cadwallader, American golfer (d. 1971)
1887 – Wellington Koo, Chinese diplomat (d. 1985)
1888 - Sydney Chapman, British mathematician and geophysicist (d. 1970)
1891 - Elizaveta Gerdt, Russian ballerina (d. 1975)
1895 - Muna Lee, American poet (d. 1965)
1901 - Arcady Aris, Russian Chuvash writer (d. 1941)
1901 - Allen B. DuMont, American scientist and inventor (d. 1965)
1905 - Barnett Newman, American painter (d. 1970)
1906 - Joe Primeau, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1989)
1911 – Peter von Siemens, German industry (d. 1986)
1913 – Peter von Zahn, German journalist (d. 2001)
1913 - Victor Mature, American actor (d. 1999)
1917 - John Raitt, American actor and singer (d. 2005)
1918 – John Forsythe, American actor (d. 2010)
1920 - José Luis de Vilallonga, Spanish aristocrat (d. 2007)
1922 - Borys Yukhymovych Steklyar, Ukrainian military officer (d. 2018)
1923 - Paddy Chayefsky, American playwright, screenwriter and novelist (d. 1981)
1923 - Ivo Robic, Croatian singer-songwriter (d. 2000)
1924 - Dorothy Malone, American actress (d. 2018)
1924 - Luigi Nono, Italian composer (d. 1990)
1925 – Tofik Bakhramov, Soviet-Azerbaijani linesman (d. 1993)
1926 – Franco Cerri, Italian jazz guitarist
1926 – Abdus Salam, Pakistani Nobel Prize in Physics winner (d. 1996)
1926 - Roberto Goyeneche, Argentine tango singer (d. 1994)
1927 - Edward Abbey, American naturalist, philosopher and writer (d. 1989)
1929 - Elio Petri, Italian movie director and screenwriter (d. 1982)
1929 - Ed Shaughnessy, American jazz musician
1930 - Carmino Ravosa, American singer and composer (d. 2015)
1931 – Ferenc Madl, President of Hungary (d. 2011)
1931 - Leslie Bricusse, British composer
1931 - Richard Bakalyan, Armenian-American actor (d. 2015)
1933 – Sacha Distel, French singer (d. 2004)
1933 - Paul Sally, American mathematician
1936 - Walter Lewis, Dutch astrophysicist
1936 - James Jamerson, American bass guitarist (d. 1983)
1937 - Hassan Habibi, 1st Vice president of Iran (d. 2013)
1937 - Bobby Scott, American musician
1939 – Germaine Greer, Australian writer, publicist, feminist and activist
1940 - Katharine Ross, American actress
1940 - Kunimitsu Takahashi, Japanese motorcycle racer and racing driver
1941 - Robin Morgan, American actress, journalist, author and activist
1942 - Claudine Longet, French-American singer, actress and dancer
1943 – Tony Blackburn, British disc jockey
1943 - Molly Meldrum, Australian music critic, journalist, record producer and music entrepreneur
1943 - Pat Quinn, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2014)
1944 – Yoweri Museveni, President of Uganda
1945 – Tom Selleck, American actor
1945 – Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta, former Prime Minister of Mali
1947 – Linda B. Buck, American scientist
1947 – David Byron, British musician (d. 1985)
1948 - David Hay, Scottish footballer
1948 – Guido Knopp, German historian, journalist and publicist
1949 - Tommy Ramone, Hungarian-born American musician and record producer (The Ramones) (d. 2014)
1950 – Jody Scheckter, South African racecar driver
1953 - Peter Baumann, German musician
1954 – Oprah Winfrey, American television host and businesswoman
1954 - Doug Riseborough, Canadian ice hockey player, coach and executive
1955 – Eddie Jordan, American basketball player and coach
1956 - Amii Stewart, American singer, dancer and actress
1958 - Glen Cochrane, Canadin ice hockey player
1960 - Greg Louganis, American diver
1962 - Nicholas Turturro, American actor
1963 - Octave Octavian Teodorescu, Romanian composer and musician
1964 - Roddy Frame, Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist
1966 – Romario, Brazilian footballer
1969 – Hyde, Japanese singer
1969 - Sasa Obradovic, Serbian basketball coach
1970 – Heather Graham, American actress
1970 - Paul Ryan, American politician
1971 - Clare Balding, British television presenter
1973 - Miranda Krestovnikoff, British television presenter, naturalist and archaeologist
1974 - Michael Andersen, Danish basketball player
1974 - Malina Olinescu, Romanian singer (d. 2011)
1978 - Rob Bironas, American football player (d. 2014)
1978 - Martin Schmitt, German ski jumper
1979 - Sarah Kuttner, German television presenter and writer
1979 - Sui Feifei, Chinese basketball player
1979 - April Scott, American actress and model
1980 – Ivan Klasnic, Croatian footballer
1980 – Ingimundur Ingimundarson, Icelandic handball player
1980 – Jason James Richter, American musician and actor
1982 - Kim Dong-Jin, South Korean footballer
1982 – Adam Lambert, American singer
1984 - Yukio Peter, Nauruan weightlifter
1985 – Marc Gasol, Spanish basketball player
1985 - Isabel Lucas, Australian actress
1985 - Rag'n'Bone Man, English singer
1985 – Athina Onassis, heiress
1986 – Simon Vukcevic, Montenegrin footballer
1986 - Drew Tyler Bell, American actor
1988 - Tatyana Chernova, Russian athlete
1988 - Stephanie Gilmore, Australian surfer
1989 – Kevin Shattenkirk, American ice hockey player
1990 - Danielle Parsons, Canadian curler
1992 - George Pocheptsov, American painter
1992 - Aleksandr Trokhov, Russian footballer
1993 - Kyary Pamyu Pamyu, Japanese model, blogger and recording artist
1998 - Mion Mukaichi, Japanese singer and actress (AKB48)
969 – Tsar Peter I of Bulgaria (b. 895)
1119 - Pope Gelasius II
1342 - Louis I, Duke of Bourbon (b. 1279)
1477 - Gregory of Sanok, Polish professor and humanist (b. 1403)
1676 – Tsar Alexis I of Russia (b. 1629)
1696 - Tsar Ivan V of Russia (b. 1666)
1743 - Andre-Hercule de Fleury, French statesman (b. 1653)
1763 – Louis Racine, French poet (b. 1692)
1814 - Johann Gottlieb Fichte, German philosopher (b. 1762)
1820 – George III, King of Great Britain and Ireland (b. 1738)
1828 - Paul de Barras, French politician (b. 1775)
1829 - Timothy Pickering, United States Secretary of State (b. 1745)
1860 – Ernst Moritz Arndt, German writer (b. 1769)
1870 – Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b. 1797)
1888 – Edward Lear, British writer, illustrator, artist and poet (b. 1812)
1899 – Alfred Sisley, French impressionist painter (b. 1839)
1901 – Milan I of Serbia (b. 1855)
1906 – King Christian IX of Denmark (b. 1818)
1928 – Douglas Haig, British soldier (b. 1861)
1933 - Sara Teasdale, American poet (b. 1884)
1934 – Fritz Haber, German chemist (b. 1868)
1941 – Ioannis Metaxas, Greek military leader (b. 1871)
1945 - Gustav Flatow, German gymnast (b. 1875)
1946 - Harry Hopkins, American politician (b. 1890)
1948 - Prince Aimone, Duke of Aosta, Italian aristocrat (b. 1900)
1950 – Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait (b. 1885)
1951 - Frank Tarrant, Australian cricketer (b. 1880)
1956 - H. L. Mencken, American journalist (b. 1880)
1963 – Robert Frost, American poet (b. 1874)
1964 - Alan Ladd, American actor (b. 1913)
1969 – Allen Dulles, CIA director (b. 1893)
1977 – Freddie Prinze, American actor and comedian (b. 1954)
1980 - Jimmy Durante, American actor, singer and pianist (b. 1893)
1986 - Leif Erickson, American actor (b. 1911)
1989 - Halina Konopacka, Polish athlete (b. 1900)
1992 - Willie Dixon, American composer and musician (b. 1915)
1994 – Ulrike Maier, Austrian skier (b. 1967)
1998 - Joseph Alioto, American politician (b. 1916)
2002 - Harold Russell, Canadian-born American actor (b. 1914)
2003 - Frank Moss, American politician (b. 1911)
2004 – Janet Frame, New Zealand writer (b. 1924)
2005 – Eric Griffiths, Welsh musician (b. 1940)
2005 - Ephraim Kishon, Israeli author, screenwriter and director (b. 1924)
2006 – Nam June Paik, South Korean artist (b. 1932)
2008 - Bengt Lindström, Swedish artist (b. 1925)
2008 – Margaret Truman, American writer (b. 1924)
2009 – John Martyn, British musician (b. 1948)
2011 – Milton Babbitt, American composer (b. 1916)
2012 – Oscar Luigi Scalfaro, 9th President of Italy (b. 1918)
2012 - Camilla Williams, American singer (b. 1919)
2013 - Bernard Horsfall, British actor (b. 1930)
2014 - François Cavanna, French journalist and author (b. 1923)
2014 - Lars Andreas Larssen, Norwegian actor (b. 1935)
2015 - Colleen McCullough, Australian author (b. 1937)
2015 - Will McBride, American photographer (b. 1931)
2015 - Rod McKuen, American poet, composer, singer and songwriter (b. 1933)
2015 - Maurizio Arcieri, Italian singer (b. 1942)
2015 - Tenkoko Sonoda, Japanese politician (b. 1919)
2015 - Alexander Vraciu, American Navy fighter ace (b. 1918)
2015 - Israel Yinon, Israeli conductor (b. 1956)
2016 - Jacques Rivette, French movie director (b. 1928)
2016 - Gordon Goody, British criminal (b. 1929)
2016 - John Roper, Baron Roper, British politician (b. 1935)
2016 - Jean-Marie Doré, 11th Prime Minister of Guinea (b. 1938)
2016 - Cayetano Paderanga, Jr., Filipino economist (b. 1948)
2016 - Aurèle Nicolet, Swiss flautist (b. 1926)
2017 - Howard Frank Mosher, American author (b. 1942)
2017 - Leonard H. Perroots, American military officer (b. 1933)
2017 - Joop Gouweleeuw, Dutch judoka (b. 1940)
2018 - Ion Ciubuc, Prime minister of Moldova (b. 1943)
2018 - Eddie Shaw, American blues saxophonist, arranger and bandleader (b. 1937)
2019 - George Fernandes, Indian politician (b. 1930)
2019 - Jean-Marc Fontaine, French mathematician (b. 1944)
2019 - Andy Hebenton, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1929)
2019 - Mohammad Nabi Habibi, Iranian politician, Mayor of Tehran (b. 1945)
2019 - Charles J. Hynes, American lawyer and politician (b. 1935)
2019 - James Ingram, American singer-songwriter and actor (b. 1952)
Statehood Day (Kansas)
An economy is a system of making and trading things of value.
It is usually divided into goods (physical things) and services (things done by people).
It assumes there is medium of exchange, which in the modern world is a system of finance.
This makes trade possible.
The alternative  systems of barter – exists only on a very small scale.
To better understand how the economy works, it can be discussed in three sections.
The primary sector which covers raw products from farming, fishing, and mining, and so on.
The secondary sector which covers manufacturing of goods.
The tertiary sector which covers a range of services, provided to people and companies.
The term 'real economy' is sometimes used to mean the part of the economy concerned with goods and services.
This is contrasted with the 'paper economy', the financial side of the economy, which buys and sells on the financial markets.
The word 'economy' comes from the Greek word οἰκονόμος.
This means "person who manages the house".
161 - Roman Emperor Antoninus Pius dies.
238 - Roman subjects in North Africa revolt against Maximus Thrax and elect Gordian I as Roman Emperor.
321 - Constantine announces that Sunday is a rest day in Europe.
1277 - Stephen Tempier, Bishop of Paris, condemns 219 philosophical and theological theses.
1573 - A peace treaty is signed between the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Venice, ending the Ottoman-Venetian War and leaving Cyprus under Ottoman control.
1799 - Napoleon Bonaparte captures Jaffa in Palestine and his troops kill over 2,000 Albanian captives.
1850 - US Senator Daniel Webster gives his "Seventh of March" speech in support of the Compromise of 1850.
1862 - American Civil War: Union forces defeat Confederate troops at Pea Ridge, Arkansas.
1871 - Jose Paranhos, Viscount of Rio Branco becomes Prime Minister of the Empire of Brazil.
With four years in office, he becomes its longest-serving Prime Minister.
1876 - Alexander Graham Bell is granted a patent for the telephone.
1897 - Cornflakes are first served at a sanatorium in Michigan, having been invented by John Harvey Kellogg and Will Keith Kellogg.
1900 - German liner SS Wilhelm der Grosse becomes the first ship to send wireless signals to shore.
1902 - Second Boer War: Battle of Tweebosch - A Boer commando led by Koos de la Rey inflicts a heavy defeat on British forces.
1912 - Roald Amundsen announces that his Norwegian expedition reached the South Pole on December 14, 1911.
1914 - Prince William of Wied arrives in Albania to begin his reign.
1927 - A magnitude 7.6 earthquake its Tango Province, Japan, killing 3,000 people.
1936 - Germany re-occupies the Rhineland, in violation of the Treaty of Versailles and Locarno Pact.
1945 - World War II: American troops seize the Ludendorff Bridge over the Rhine at Remagen.
1950 - The Soviet Union issues a statement denying that Klaus Fuchs served as a Soviet spy.
1951 - Korean War: Operation Ripper - UN troops led by General Matthew Ridgeway begin an assault against Chinese forces.
1965 - A Civil rights march by 600 people in Selma, Alabama, is forcefully broken.
1968 - Vietnam War: US and South Vietnamese military forces begin Operation Truong Cong Dinh to root out Viet Cong forces from the area surrounding My Tho.
1971 - Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, founding leader of Bangladesh, delivers a historic speech at Suhrawardy Udyan.
1980 - Oil tanker "Tanio" breaks in two off Brittany.
1985 - The song "We are the World" receives its international release.
1986 - Divers from the USS Preserver discover the crew cabin of the Space Shuttle Challenger on the ocean floor.
1989 - Iran and the United Kingdom break off diplomatic relations after a row over Salman Rushdie's book "The Satanic Verses".
1992 - Eduard Shevardnadze becomes Head of State in Georgia.
2002 - The 2002 Winter Paralympics begin in Salt Lake City.
2004 - Kostas Karamanlis is elected Prime Minister of Greece.
2004 - The Samson ferry sinks in a cyclone between Madagascar and the Comoros.
2006 - Terror organization Lashkar-e-Taiba co-ordinates a series of bombings in Varanasi, India.
2007 - The UK House of Commons supports by a majority to have an elected House of Lords.
2009 - The Kepler space observatory is launched to find Earth-like planets orbiting around other stars.
2009 - The Real Irish Republican Army kills two British soldiers and two civilians outside a barracks in Northern Ireland.
2010 - Kathryn Bigelow becomes the first woman to win an Academy Award for Best Director, for her movie The Hurt Locker.
2014 - The 2014 Winter Paralympics begin in Sochi, Southern Russia.
2015 - An attack by Boko Haram in Maiduguri, northern Nigeria, leaves an estimated 50 people dead.
2017 - North Korea and Malaysia ban each other's citizens from leaving their countries in a continued diplomatic row over the murder of Kim Jong-nam (half-brother of North Korean leader Kim Jong-un).
189 - Publius Septimius Geta, Roman Emperor (d. 211)
1481 - Baldassare Peruzzi, Italian architect and painter (d. 1537)
1556 - Guillaume du Vair, French writer (d. 1621)
1663 - Tomaso Antonio Vitali, Italian composer and violinist (d. 1745)
1671 - Rob Roy MacGregor, Scottish folk hero (d. 1734)
1671 - Ellis Wynne, Welsh clergyman and author (d. 1734)
1678 - Filippo Juvarra, Italian architect (d. 1736)
1693 - Pope Clement XIII (d. 1769)
1715 - Ewald Christian von Kleist, German poet (d. 1759)
1715 - Ephraim Williams, American philanthropist (d. 1755)
1730 - Baron de Breteuil, French statesman (d. 1807)
1765 - Nicéphore Niépce, French inventor of photography (d. 1833)
1785 - Alessandro Manzoni, Italian writer (d. 1873)
1788 - Antoine César Becquerel, French physicist (d. 1878)
1792 - John Herschel, English mathematician and astronomer (d. 1871)
1802 - Edwin Henry Landseer, English painter (d. 1873)
1835 - Daniel Giraud Elliot, American zoologist (d. 1915)
1837 - Henry Draper, American physician and astronomer (d. 1882)
1849 - Luther Burbank, American botanist, horticulturist and agricultural scientist (d. 1926)
1850 - Tomas Garrigue Masaryk, 1st President of Czechoslovakia (d. 1937)
1850 - Champ Clark, 41st Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (d. 1921)
1857 – Julius Wagner-Jauregg, Austrian doctor, won the 1927 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1940)
1866 - Hans Fruhstorfer, German explorer and entomologist (d. 1922)
1868 - Giovanni Giacometti, Swiss painter (d. 1933)
1872 - Piet Mondrian, Dutch artist (d. 1944)
1875 – Maurice Ravel, French composer (d. 1937)
1878 - Boris Kustodiev, Russian painter (d. 1927)
1886 - Virginia Pearson, American silent movie actress (d. 1958)
1888 - Alidius Warmoldus Lambertus Tjarda van Starkenbourgh Stachouwer, Dutch lawyer and politician (d. 1978)
1901 - Beatrice Roberts, American actress (d. 1970)
1902 - Heinz Rühmann, German actor (d. 1994)
1904 - Ivar Ballangrud, Norwegian speed skater (d. 1969)
1904 - Reinhard Heydrich, German SS officer (d. 1942)
1908 - Anna Magnani, Italian actress (d. 1973)
1911 - Nikolai Baibakov, Soviet politician (d. 2008)
1914 - John Rodney, American actor (d. 1996)
1914 - Lee Young, American jazz drummer and singer (d. 2008)
1915 - Jacques Chaban-Delmas, Prime Minister of France (d. 2000)
1917 - Betty Holberton, American engineer and programmer (d. 2004)
1922 - Olga Aleksandrovna Ladyzhenskaya, Russian mathematician (d. 2004)
1922 - Umberto Betti, Italian cardinal (d. 2009)
1924 - Eduardo Paolozzi, Scottish sculptor and artist (d. 2005)
1924 - Kobo Abe, Japanese writer, playwright, photographer and inventor (d. 1993)
1925 - René Gagnon, American navy officer (d. 1979)
1927 - James Broderick, American actor (d. 1982)
1927 - Philippe Clay, French singer and actor (d. 2007)
1930 - Robert D. Cardona, American model-maker
1930 - Stanley Miller, American biologist and chemist (d. 2007)
1930 - Antony Armstrong-Jones, 1st Earl of Snowdon, British photographer and husband of Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon (d. 2017)
1933 - Hannelore Kohl, wife of Chancellor of Germany Helmut Kohl (d. 2001)
1933 - Gordon Walgren, American politician and convicted fraudster (d. 2018)
1933 - Jackie Blanchflower, Northern Irish footballer (d. 1998)
1934 - Douglas Cardinal, Canadian architect
1935 - Antonios Naguib, Coptic Catholic Church Patriarch and cardinal
1936 - Julio Terrazas Sandoval, Bolivian archbishop and cardinal (d. 2015)
1938 - Albert Fert, French physicist
1938 - David Baltimore, American biologist
1938 - Petr Skoumal, Czech musician and composer (d. 2014)
1939 - Panajot Pano, Albanian footballer (d. 2010)
1940 - Rudi Dutschke, German student leader (d. 1979)
1940 - Daniel J. Travanti, American actor
1942 - Michael Eisner, American movie studio executive
1942 - Tammy Faye Messner, American televangelist (d. 2007)
1943 - Chris White, English bass player and songwriter (The Zombies)
1944 - Ranulph Fiennes, British explorer
1944 - Michael Rosbash, American biologist and Nobel laureate
1944 - Townes Van Zandt, American musician and songwriter (d. 1997)
1945 - John Heard, American actor
1945 - Bob Herbert, American journalist
1945 - Nicholas Kraemer, English harpsichord player and conductor
1947 - Richard Lawson, American actor
1947 - Walter Röhrl, German rally driver
1949 - Ghulam Nabi Azad, Indian politician
1949 - Genyo Takeda, Japanese video game developer
1950 - Iris Chacon, Puerto Rican singer and dancer
1952 - William Boyd, Scottish writer, screenwriter and producer
1952 - Viv Richards, Antiguan West Indies cricketer
1952 - Ernie Isley, American guitarist and songwriter (The Isley Brothers)
1953 - Bernard Voyer, Canadian explorer and mountaineer
1954 - Eva Brunne, Swedish clergywoman and first openly lesbian bishop
1955 - Anupam Kher, Indian actor
1956 - Bryan Cranston, American actor
1956 - Andrea Levy, British writer (d. 2019)
1958 - Alan Hale, American astronomer
1958 - Rik Mayall, British actor and comedian (d. 2014)
1959 - Tom Lehman, American golfer
1959 - Donna Murphy, American actress and singer
1960 - Ivan Lendl, Czech-American tennis player and coach of Andy Murray
1960 - Kazuo Ozaki, Japanese footballer
1961 - Mary Beth Evans, American actress
1962 – Taylor Dayne, American singer
1963 - Mike Eagles, Canadian ice hockey player
1963 - E. L. James, English writer (Fifty Shades of Grey)
1964 - Bret Easton Ellis, American author and screenwriter
1964 - Wanda Sykes, American actress and comedienne
1964 - Tommy Sheridan, Scottish politician
1965 - Jesper Parnevik, Swedish golfer
1966 - Terry Carkner, Canadian ice hockey player
1967 - Ruthie Henshall, British theatre actress and singer
1967 - Ai Yazawa, Japanese manga artist
1969 - Massimo Lotti, Italian footballer
1970 - Petra Mede, Swedish comedienne, dancer and television host
1970 - Rachel Weisz, British actress
1971 - Peter Sarsgaard, American actor
1971 - Matthew Vaughn, British movie producer and director
1972 - Jang Dong-Gun, South Korean actor and musician
1972 - Simon Pryce, Australian musician (The Wiggles)
1973 - Sébastien Izambard, Swiss operatic singer (Il Divo)
1973 - Ray Parlour, English footballer
1974 - Jenna Fischer, American actress
1974 - Darryl Stephens, American actor
1975 - Audrey Marie Anderson, American actress and model
1977 - Paul Cattermole, British singer and actor
1977 - Gianluca Grava, Italian footballer
1977 - Ronan O'Gara, Irish rugby player
1977 - Jerome Fernandez, French handball player
1980 - Murat Boz, Turkish singer-songwriter and actor
1980 - Eric Godard, Canadian ice hockey player
1980 - Laura Prepon, American actress
1982 - Marc Planus, French footballer
1983 - Manucho, Angolan footballer
1984 - Mathieu Flamini, French footballer
1986 - Ben Griffin, Australian footballer
1987 - Hatem Ben Arfa, French footballer
1987 - Niclas Bergfors, Swedish ice hockey player
1987 - Eleni Foureira, Albanian-Greek singer
1988 - Larry Asante, American football player
1989 - Gerald Anderson, Filipino-American actor and model
1990 – Abigail and Brittany Hensel, American conjoined twins
1990 - Lefteris Matsoukas, Greek footballer
1991 - Quenten Martinus, Curaçaoan footballer
1991 - Michele Rigione, Italian footballer
1992 - Bel Powley, English actress
1994 - An-Sophie Mestach, Belgian tennis player
1994 - Jordan Pickford, English footballer
2009 - Prince Umberto of Savoy
322 BC – Aristotle, Greek philosopher (b. 384 BC)
161 - Antoninus Pius, Roman Emperor (b. 86)
203 - Felicity and Perpetua, early Christian martyrs
413 - Heraclianus, Roman politician
851 - Nominoe, Duke of Brittany
1274 - Saint Thomas Aquinas, Italian philosopher (b. 1225)
1550 - William IV, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1493)
1625 - Johann Bayer, German astronomer (b. 1572)
1724 - Pope Innocent XIII (b. 1655)
1778 - Charles De Geer, Swedish industrialist (b. 1720)
1786 - Franz Benda, Bohemian composer (b. 1709)
1809 - Jean-Pierre Blanchard, French balloonist (b. 1753)
1875 - John Edward Gray, British zoologist (b. 1800)
1920 - Jaan Poska, Estonian lawyer, diplomat and politician (b. 1866)
1932 - Aristide Briand, French politician and diplomat (b. 1862)
1938 - Andreas Michalakopoulos, Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1876)
1942 - Lucy Parsons, American anarchist, Communist and labor organizer (b. 1853)
1952 - Paramahansa Yogananda, Indian Guru (b. 1893)
1954 - Otto Diels, German chemist (b. 1876)
1957 - Wyndham Lewis, British author (b. 1882)
1961 - Govind Ballabh Pant, Indian politician, 2nd Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh (b. 1887)
1965 - Louise Mountbatten, Queen of Sweden (b. 1889)
1967 - Alice B. Toklas, American companion to Gertrude Stein (b. 1877)
1969 - Sampurnanand, Indian politician (b. 1910)
1974 - Alberto Rabagliati, Italian singer and actor (b. 1906)
1975 - Mikhail Bakhtin, Russian philosopher (b. 1895)
1981 - Kiril Kondrashin, Russian conductor (b. 1914)
1983 - Igor Markevitch, Ukrainian conductor and composer (b. 1912)
1986 - Jacob J. Javits, American politician (b. 1904)
1988 - Robert Livingston, American actor (b. 1914)
1988 - Divine, American actor and singer (b. 1945)
1991 - Cool Papa Bell, American baseball player (b. 1903)
1997 - Edward Mills Purcell, American physicist (b. 1912)
1999 – Stanley Kubrick, American movie director (b. 1928)
1999 - Sidney Gottlieb, American CIA official (b. 1918)
2000 - Pee Wee King, American country musician, songwriter and producer (b. 1914)
2000 - Hirokazu Ninomiya, Japanese footballer (b. 1917)
2001 - Frankie Carle, American pianist and bandleader (b. 1903)
2004 - Paul Winfield, American actor (b. 1941)
2005 - John Box, British movie production designer and art director (b. 1920)
2005 - Debra Hill, American screenwriter and movie producer (b. 1950)
2006 - John Junkin, British performer (b. 1930)
2006 - Gordon Parks, American actor, director and photographer (b. 1912)
2006 - Ali Farka Touré, Malian musician (b. 1939)
2010 - Kenneth Dover, British classicist (b. 1920)
2012 - Wlodzimierz Smolarek, Polish footballer (b. 1957)
2012 - Felicien Marceau, French novelist, playwright and essayist (b. 1913)
2013 - Peter Banks, English musician (b. 1947)
2013 - Damiano Damiani, Italian director and screenwriter (b. 1922)
2013 - Frederick B. Karl, American politician (b. 1924)
2014 - Heiko Bellmann, German biologist, writer and photographer (b. 1950)
2014 - Uwe Timm, German writer and anarchist (b. 1932)
2014 - Hal Douglas, American voice actor and announcer (b. 1924)
2014 - Ned O'Gorman, American poet (b. 1929)
2015 - Gregorio Bundio, Argentine footballer and manager (El Salvador national football team) (b. 1928)
2015 - Edmond Malinvaud, French economist (b. 1923)
2015 - F. Ray Keyser, Jr., American politician, 72nd Governor of Vermont (b. 1927)
2016 - Adrian Hardiman, Irish judge (b. 1950)
2016 - Jean-Bernard Raimond, French politician (b. 1926)
2016 - Michael White, Scottish theatre and film producer (b. 1936)
2017 - Ron Bass, American professional wrestler (b. 1948)
2017 - Syed Sajjad Ali Shah, Chief Justice of Pakistan (b. 1933)
2017 - Helen Sommers, American politician (b. 1932)
2017 - Lynne Stewart, American attorney (b. 1939)
2017 - Hans Georg Dehmelt, German-American physicist (b. 1922)
2017 - Ronald Drever, Scottish physicist (b. 1931)
2017 - Peter M. Gruber, Austrian mathematician (b. 1941)
2017 - Juan Carlos Touriño, Spanish footballer (b. 1944)
2018 - Reynaldo Bignone, President of Argentina (b. 1928)
2018 - Woody Durham, American basketball radio announcer (b. 1941)
2018 - Charles Thone, American politician, 34th Governor of Nebraska (b. 1924)
2018 - Antonia La Negra, Spanish singer and dancer (b. 1936)
2019 - Dick Beyer, American professional wrestler (b. 1930)
2019 - Joseph M. Boardman, American railroad executive (b. 1948)
2019 - Robert Braithwaite, British marine engineer and entrepreneur (b. 1943)
2019 - Guillaume Faye, French journalist and writer (b. 1941)
2019 - Ralph Hall, American politician (b. 1923)
2019 - Dick Nichols, American banker and politician (b. 1926)
2019 - Sid Sheinberg, American lawyer and studio executive (b. 1935)
Felicity and Perpetua (Roman Catholicism)
Teacher's Day (Albania)
March 07
1356  In the Battle of Poitiers, the English defeat the French, and capture King John II of France.
1676  Jamestown, Virginia is burned to the ground by forces of Nathaniel Bacon.
1692  Giles Corey is executed in Salem, Massachusetts after not pleading at the Salem Witch Trials.
1777  American Revolutionary War: British forces win a tactically expensive victory over the Continental Army in the First Battle of Saratoga.
1778  The Continental Congress passes the first United States budget.
1796  George Washington's Farewell address is printed across the United States in an open letter to the public.
1799  French Revolutionary Wars: French-Dutch victory against the Russians and British in the Battle of Bergen.
1862  American Civil War: Battle of Iuka - Union troops under William Rosecrans defeat a Confederate force under General Sterling Price.
1863  American Civil War: The Battle of Chickamauga is fought.
1864  American Civil War: Third Battle of Winchester, Virginia - Union troops under General Philip Sheridan defeat a Confederate force commanded by General Jubal Early.
1870  Franco-Prussian War: The Siege of Paris begins, resulting in January 1871 in the surrender of Paris and a decisive Prussian victory.
1870  Having invaded the Papal States a week earlier, the Italian Army lays siege to Rome.
1879  The Blackpool Illuminations are switched on for the first time.
1881  President of the United States James Garfield dies aged 49, after being shot by Charles J. Guiteau on July 2.
Chester A. Arthur succeeds him to become the 21st President of the United States.
1893  Women in New Zealand are given the right to vote.
1934  Bruno Hauptmann is arrested for the kidnapping and murder of Charles Lindbergh, Jr., the infant son of Charles Lindbergh and Anne Morrow Lindbergh, which occurred in 1932.
1944  World War II: Armistice between Finland and the Soviet Union is signed.
1945  William Joyce (Lord Haw-Haw) is sentenced to death in London for spreading pro-German propaganda.
1946  The Council of Europe is founded.
1946  The first Cannes Film Festival is held in Cannes, France.
1957  The US carries out its first underground nuclear bomb test.
1959  Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev, on a visit to the United States, is barred from visiting Disneyland, due to security concerns.
1970  The first Glastonbury Festival is held in Glastonbury, Somerset, England.
1972  A parcel bomb sent to the Israeli Embassy in London kills one diplomat.
1973  Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden has his investiture as king.
1975  The TV show Fawlty Towers premieres in the United Kingdom
1976  A plane crash in Turkey kills 155 people.
1976  The governing Social Democratic Party loses Sweden's parliamentary election.
1978  The Solomon Islands join the UN.
1981  Simon & Garfunkel re-unite for a free concert in New York City's Central Park.
1982  Scott Fahlman posts the first documented emoticons :) and :( on the Carnegie Mellon University Board Systems.
1983  Saint Kitts and Nevis becomes independent from the United Kingdom.
1985  1985 Mexico City earthquake: A magnitude 8 earthquake centred near Acapulco kills thousands, and destroys many buildings, around 400 in Mexico City alone.
1988  Hurricane Gilbert dissolves over Texas.
1989  UTA Flight 772: A terrorist bomb explodes on a plane over Niger, killing 171 people.
1991  German tourists discover Otzi the Iceman near the Austrian-Italian border.
1995  The New York Times and Washington Post publish the Unabomber's manifesto.
1997  The Guelb El-Kebir massacre in Algeria kills 53 people.
2006  The Thai military stages a coup in Bangkok, overthrowing Thaksin Shinawatra.
The Constitution is revoked, and martial law is instated.
2010  Deepwater Horizon oil spill: The leaking oil well is sealed, having leaked oil into the Gulf of Mexico since April 20, when the Deepwater Horizon oil rig exploded.
2014  Alex Salmond announces his intention to resign as First Minister of Scotland and leader of the Scottish National Party after a 55%-45% defeat in the Scottish independence referendum, 2014.
2015  Rugby union World Cup: Japan, as rank outsiders, pull off one of the biggest surprises in the sport's history, by beating two-time champions South Africa 34-32.
2017  Hurricane Maria sweeps across the Eastern Caribbean, including the islands of Dominica, Martinique and Guadeloupe.
2017  2017 Puebla earthquake: A major earthquake strikes central Mexico, including Mexico City, on the 32nd anniversary of the 1985 earthquake, killing at least 220 people.
It is Mexico's second earthquake in less than two weeks.
86  Antoninus Pius, Roman Emperor (d. 161)
866  Leo VI, Byzantine Emperor (d. 912)
1377  Albert IV, Duke of Austria (d. 1404)
1551  King Henry III of France (d. 1589)
1683  Lorenz Heister, German anatomist, surgeon and botanist (d. 1758)
1721  William Robertson, Scottish historian (d. 1793)
1737  Charles Carroll of Carrollton, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (d. 1832)
1749  Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre, French astronomer (d. 1822)
1754  Louis Claude Richard, French botanist (d. 1821)
1774  Giuseppe Caspar Mezzofanti, Italian hyperpolyglot (d. 1849)
1778  Henry Brougham, 1st Baron Brougham and Vaux, English politician (d. 1868)
1790  René Caillé, French explorer (d. 1838)
1796  Hartley Coleridge, English poet (d. 1849)
1799  René Caillié, French explorer (d. 1838)
1802  Lajos Kossuth, Hungarian lawyer and regent-President, national hero of Hungary (d. 1894)
1803  Maria Anna of Savoy, Empress of Austria and Queen of Hungary and Bohemia (d. 1884)
1803  Maria Teresa of Savoy (d. 1879)
1806  William Dyce, Scottish artist (d. 1864)
1813  Christian Heinrich Friedrich Peters, German-American astronomer (d. 1890)
1822  Joseph R. West, American general and politician (d. 1898)
1826  Antonio Raimondi, Italian-Peruvian geographer and scientist (d. 1890)
1828  Fridolin Anderwert, Swiss politician (d. 1880)
1840  Galen Spencer, American archer (d. 1904)
1853  Miguel, Duke of Braganza, Portuguese royal (d. 1927)
1862  Arvid Lindman, Prime Minister of Sweden (d. 1936)
1864  Ragna Wettergreen, Norwegian actress (d. 1958)
1869  Ben Turpin, American silent movie comedian (d. 1940)
1883  Hjalmar Bergman, Swedish writer and playwright (d. 1931)
1883  Mabel Vernon, American activist (d. 1975)
1887  Lovie Austin, American jazz pianist (d. 1972)
1888  J. W. Alexander, American mathematician (d. 1971)
1889  Sarah Louise Delany, American physician and author (d. 1999)
1898  Giuseppe Saragat, President of Italy (d. 1988)
1900  Ricardo Cortez, American actor, singer and director (d. 1977)
1901  Joe Pasternak, Hungarian-born movie producer (d. 1991)
1901  Ludwig von Bertalanffy, Austrian biologist (d. 1972)
1905  Theodor Blank, German politician (d. 1972)
1908  Mika Waltari, Finnish writer (d. 1979)
1909  Ferdinand Anton Ernst Porsche, Austrian automobile designer and entrepreneur (d. 1998)
1910  Margaret Lindsay, English actress (d. 1981)
1911  William Golding, English writer (d. 1993)
1912  Kurt Sanderling, German conductor (d. 2011)
1913  Frances Farmer, American actress (d. 1970)
1914  Rogers Morton, American politician (d. 1979)
1915  Johann Hafstein, Prime Minister of Iceland (d. 1980)
1921  Paulo Freire, Brazilian educator and writer (d. 1997)
1922  Dana Zátopková, Czech athlete
1922  Emil Zátopek, Czech athlete (d. 2000)
1922  Damon Knight, American science fiction writer (d. 2002)
1924  Vern Benson, American baseball player and manager (d. 2014)
1924  Don Harron, Canadian comedian, actor, writer and composer (d. 2015)
1926  Carlo Fruttero, Italian writer, journalist and translator (d. 2012)
1926  Masatoshi Koshiba, Japanese physicist
1926  James Lipton, American actor
1926  Nini Rosso, Italian jazz trumpeter and composer (d. 1994)
1927  Harold Brown, American physicist and politician, former United States Secretary of Defense
1927  William Hickey, American actor (d. 1997)
1928  Adam West, American actor (d. 2017)
1928  Wolfram Siebeck, German food critic and journalist (d. 2016)
1929  Charles Gordon-Lennox, 10th Duke of Richmond, British peer (d. 2017)
1929  Marge Roukema, American politician (d. 2014)
1929  Luigi Taveri, Swiss motorcycle racer (d. 2018)
1929  Gertrude Baniszewski, American murderer (d. 1990)
1930  Antonio Margheriti, Italian movie maker (d. 2002)
1930  Muhal Richard Abrams, American educator, composer and musician
1931  Hiroto Muraoka, Japanese footballer (d. 2017)
1931  Jean-Claude Carrière, French author and screenwriter
1932  Mike Royko, American journalist (d. 1997)
1932  Stefanie Zweig, German writer (d. 2014)
1933  David McCallum, Scottish actor
1934  Brian Epstein, English musical group manager (the Beatles) (d. 1967)
1935  Nick Massi, American musician
1935  Milan Antal, Slovakian astronomer (d. 1999)
1936  Al Oerter, American athlete (d. 2007)
1939  Moshe Weinberg, Israeli weightlifting coach (d. 1972)
1940  Bill Medley, American singer and songwriter (The Righteous Brothers)
1941  Mariangela Melato, Italian actress (d. 2013)
1941  Umberto Bossi, Italian politician
1941  Cass Elliot, American singer (d. 1974)
1944  Edmund Joensen, 9th Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands
1944  Anders Björck, Swedish politician
1945  Kate Adie, English journalist
1947  Tanith Lee, English writer (d. 2015)
1947  Lol Creme, English musician
1948  Mykhaylo Fomenko, Ukrainian footballer and manager
1948  Mihai Timofti, Moldovan actor, director and composer
1948  Jeremy Irons, English actor
1949  Twiggy, English model
1949  Sally Potter, English movie director and screenwriter
1949  Ernie Sabella, American actor
1950  Michael Proctor, English physicist, mathematician and academic
1950  Erkki Liikanen, Finnish politician
1951  Ian Hudghton, Scottish politician
1952  Gunnar Hökmark, Swedish politician
1952  Nile Rodgers, American musician and composer
1952  Jackie McNamara Sr.,
Scottish footballer
1954  Mark Drakeford, Welsh politician, First Minister of Wales
1954  Michael Wolff, American jazz pianist, composer, producer and actor
1955  Rex Smith, American singer and actor
1956  Juan Manuel Fangio II, Argentine racing driver
1958  Lita Ford, British rock music singer and guitarist
1958  Kevin Hooks, American actor and director
1960  Mario Batali, American chef and author
1960  Yolanda Saldivar, American murderer
1962  Cheri Oteri, American actress
1963  Jarvis Cocker, English musician
1963  David Seaman, English footballer
1964  Simon Singh, English journalist, author and producer
1965  Sabine Paturel, French singer and actress
1965  Sunita Williams, American captain, pilot and astronaut
1966  Heiko Maas, German politician
1966  Eric Rudolph, American criminal
1967  Aleksandr Karelin, Russian Greco-Roman wrestler
1970  Victor Williams, American actor
1972  Ashot Nadanian, Armenian chess player
1973  Cristiano da Matta, Brazilian racing driver
1974  Jimmy Fallon, American actor and comedian
1974  Victoria Silvstedt, Swedish model, actress and singer
1977  Tasha Danvers, British athlete
1978  Mariano Puerta, Argentine tennis player
1980  Dimitri Yachvili, French rugby player
1980  Amber Lancaster, American model and actress
1980  Linda Ikeji, Nigerian blogger, writer, actress and model
1982  Eleni Daniilidou, Greek tennis player
1982  Jordan Parise, American ice hockey player
1982  Columbus Short, American actor, singer, dancer and choreographer
1982  Jesse Blaze Snider, American singer-songwriter, author and illustrator
1983  Eamon, American singer
1984  Kavya Madhavan, Indian actress
1984  Lydia Hearst, American model, actress, blogger and heiress
1984  Amber Rayne, American pornographic actress (d. 2016)
1985  Alun Wyn Jones, Welsh rugby player
1985  Song Soong-ki, South Korean actor, model and television host
1985  Woodrow West, Belizean footballer
1986  Leon Best, English-Irish footballer
1986  Lauren Goodger, English model, singer and television personality
1986  Gerald Ciolek, German cyclist
1987  Danielle Panabaker, American actress
1987  Carlos Quintero, Colombian footballer
1988  Katrina Bowden, American actress
1988  Faye Reagan, American pornographic actress
1989  Tyreke Evans, American basketball player
1990  Sako Fukuda, Japanese singer
1990  Evgeny Novikov, Russian racing driver
1990  Kieran Trippier, English footballer
1991  C. J. McCollum, American basketball player
1992  Deyver Vega, Costa Rican footballer
1992  Diego Antonio Reyes, Mexican footballer
1996  Haruka Kodama, Japanese singer
1996  Pia Mia, American singer, actress and model
643  Goeric of Metz, Frankish bishop
690  Theodore of Tarsus, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 602)
1123  Emperor Taizu of Jin of China (b. 1068)
1339  Emperor Go-Daigo of Japan (b. 1288)
1356  Peter I, Duke of Bourbon (b. 1311)
1356  Walter I, Count of Brienne (b. 1304)
1692  Giles Corey, American farmer killed in the Salem Witch Trials (b. 1612)
1693  Janez Vajkard Valvasor, Slovenian polymath (b. 1641)
1710  Ole Romer, Danish astronomer (b. 1644)
1781  Tobias Furneaux, English explorer (b. 1735)
1812  Mayer Amschel Rothschild, German banker (b. 1744)
1833  Mary Jemison, American frontierswoman (b. 1743)
1843  Gaspard-Gustave Coriolis, French mathematician, engineer and scientist (b. 1792)
1868  William Sprague, American minister and politician (b. 1809)
1881  James Garfield, 20th President of the United States (b. 1831)
1893  Alexander Tilloch Galt, Canadian politician (b. 1817)
1902  Masaoka Shiki, Japanese poet, author and critic (b. 1867)
1905  Thomas John Barnardo, Irish philanthropist (b. 1845)
1907  Jacob Morenga, Namibian uprising leader (b. 1875)
1914  Charles de Vendeville, French swimmer (b. 1882)
1927  Michael Peter Ancher, Danish painter (b. 1849)
1935  Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovskii, Russian rocket scientist (b. 1857)
1936  Vishnu Narayan Bhatkande, Indian singer (b. 1860)
1938  Pauline Frederick, American actress (b. 1883)
1949  Will Cuppy, American humorist (b. 1884)
1954  Miles Franklin, Australian writer (b. 1879)
1967  Zinaida Serebriakova, Russian painter (b. 1884)
1968  Chester Carlson, American physicist (b. 1906)
1968  Red Foley, American singer (b. 1910)
1969  Rex Ingram, American actor (b. 1895)
1985  Italo Calvino, Italian writer (b. 1923)
1987  Einar Gerhardsen, Norwegian politician and Prime Minister of Norway (b. 1897)
1989  Willie Steele, American long jumper (b. 1923)
1992  Jacques Pic, French chef (b. 1932)
1995  Orville Redenbacher, American botanist and businessman (b. 1907)
2002  Robert Guéï, leader of Ivory Coast (b. 1941)
2003  Slim Dusty, Australian singer (b. 1927)
2004  Skeeter Davis, American singer (b. 1931)
2009  Eduard Zimmermann, German broadcaster (b. 1929)
2011  Dolores Hope, American singer and philanthropist (b. 1909)
2011  George Cadle Price, 1st Prime Minister of Belize (b. 1919)
2013  Hiroshi Yamauchi, Japanese businessman (Nintendo) (b. 1927)
2013  Saye Zerbo, Burkina Faso politician (b. 1932)
2013  John D. Vanderhoof, American politician, 37th Governor of Colorado (b. 1922)
2014  Avraham Heffner, Israeli filmmaker (b. 1935)
2014  Elaine Lee, South African-Australian actress (b. 1939)
2014  U. Srinivas, Indian mandolin player (b. 1969)
2014  Francisco Feliciano, Filipino composer and conductor (b. 1941)
2014  Iain MacCormick, Scottish politician (b. 1939)
2014  Audrey Long, American actress (b. 1922)
2015  Mishael Cheshin, Israeli judge (b. 1936)
2015  Masajuro Shiokawa, Japanese politician (b. 1921)
2015  Jackie Collins, English novelist (b. 1937)
2017  Bernie Casey, American actor and football player (b. 1939)
2017  Jake LaMotta, American boxer (b. 1922)
2017  David Shepherd, British artist (b. 1931)
2017  Brian Barder, British diplomat (b. 1934)
2017  Leonid Kharitonov, Russian opera singer (b. 1933)
2017  José Salcedo, Spanish film editor (b. 1949)
2018  Jon Burge, American police officer (b. 1947)
2018  Bunny Carr, Irish television presenter (b. 1927)
2018  Kondapalli Koteswaramma, Indian Communist revolutionary and writer (b. 1918)
2018  Marilyn Lloyd, American politician (b. 1929)
2018  Arthur Mitchell, American dancer and choreographer (b. 1934)
2018  Denis Norden, English comedy writer and television presenter (b. 1922)
2018  Gamil Ratib, Egyptian-French actor (b. 1926)
2019  Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, President of Tunisia (b. 1936)
2019  Irina Bogacheva, Russian mezzo-soprano (b. 1939)
2019  Wim Crouwel, Dutch graphic designer (b. 1928)
2019  Marco Feingold, Austrian Holocaust survivor (b. 1913)
2019  Maurice Ferré, American politician (b. 1935)
2019  Charles Gérard, French actor (b. 1922)
2019  Bert Hellinger, German psychotherapist (b. 1925)
2019  Barron Hilton, American businessman (b. 1927)
2019  Sandie Jones, Irish singer (b. 1951)
2019  Harold Mabern, American jazz pianist and composer (b. 1936)
2019  María Rivas, Venezuelan Latin jazz singer (b. 1960)
2019  Levente Riz, Hungarian politician (b. 1974)
2019  Larry Wallis, English songwriter and guitarist (b. 1949)
National holiday in Saint Kitts and Nevis, commemorating independence from the United Kingdom in 1983
Armed Forces Day (Chile)
9  Arminius' alliance of six Germanic tribes ambushes and heavily defeats Roman legions of Publius Quinctilius Varus in the Battle of Teutoburg Forest.
337  Constantine II, Constantius II and Constans I succeed their father Constantine I as Roman Emperor.
533  A Byzantine army of 15,000 under Belisarius lands at Caput Vada in modern Tunisia and marches onto Carthage.
1000  Battle of Svolder – After it, King Olaf I of Norway commits suicide.
1087  William the Conqueror dies.
His son succeeds him as King William II of England.
1379  Treaty of Neuberg, splitting the Austrian Habsburg lands between the Habsburg Dukes Albert III and Leopold III.
1488  Anne of Brittany becomes Duchess of Brittany.
1493  Battle of Krbava Field - A decisive defeat of Croats in the Croatian struggle against the invasion by the Ottoman Empire.
1499  Vasco da Gama returns to Lisbon from his voyage to India.
1513  In the Battle of Flodden Field James IV of Scotland is defeated.
1543  Mary Stuart, at nine months old, is officially crowned "Queen of Scots" in the central Scottish town of Stirling.
1739  Stono Rebellion, the largest slave uprising in the British mainland colonies prior to the American Revolution, erupts near Charleston, South Carolina.
1775  A hurricane strikes Newfoundland, killing 4,000 people.
1776  The Continental Congress officially names their new country the United States.
1791  Washington, DC is named after 1st President of the United States George Washington.
1806  A hurricane kills 457 people in Dominica.
1839  John Herschel takes the first glass plate photograph.
1850  California is admitted as the thirty-first U.S. state.
1850  The Compromise of 1850 strips Texas of a third of its claimed territory (now parts of Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Wyoming) in return for the federal government assuming $10 million of Texas's pre-annexation debt.
1855  Crimean War: The Siege of Sevastopol ends with the withdrawal of Russian troops.
1863  American Civil War: The Union Army enters Chattanooga, Tennessee.
1870  Redmond, Washington is founded.
1886  The Berne Convention is finalized.
1892  Edward Barnard discovers Jupiter's moon Amalthea.
1893  A birth occurs in the White House for the only time in its history to date.
First Lady Frances Folsom Cleveland gives birth to a girl, Esther.
1913  Russian military pilot Pyotr Nesterov performs the first 'Looping' maneuver with his aircraft over Kiev.
1914  World War I: The Battle of the Marne ends in a French victory.
1914  World War I: The creation of the Canadian Automobile Machine Gun Brigade, the first fully mechanized unit in the British Army.
1919  Spanish passenger ferry Valbanera disappears in a hurricane between Cuba and the Florida Keys.
1922  The Greco-Turkish War ends with Turkish victory over the Greeks.
The largest part of the city of Smyrna (on the Minor Asia coast, now Izmir) is burned.
The Non-Turkic population flees.
1923  Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of modern Turkey, founds the CHP.
1924  The Hanapepe massacre takes place in Kauai, Hawaii.
1926  The National Broadcasting Company formed.
1939  World War II: The Battle of Hel begins, the longest defended pocket of Polish Army Resistance during the German invasion of Poland.
1940  George Stibitz pioneers the first remote operation of a computer.
1940  World War II: Treznea massacre - The Hungarian army, supported by local Hungarians, kills 93 Romanian civilians in Treznea, a village in Northern Transylvania.
1942  World War II: A Japanese floatplane drops an incendiary bomb on Oregon.
1943  World War II: The Allies land at Salerno and Taranto, Italy.
1944  World War II: Bulgaria is liberated by Russia.
1945  Japan formally surrenders to China.
1947  "First actual case of (a computer) bug being found" – a moth is lodged in a relay of a Mark II computer at Harvard.
1948  The Democratic People's Republic of Korea is created, declared by Kim Il-Sung.
1954  Marilyn Bell swam for 20 hours and 57 minutes under grueling conditions to become the first person to swim across Lake Ontario.
1954  An earthquake in Algeria kills 1,250 people.
1956  Elvis Presley appears on The Ed Sullivan Show for the first time.
1965  The United States Department of Housing and Urban Development is established.
1965  Sandy Koufax throws a perfect game against the Chicago Cubs.
1965  Hurricane Betsy hits New Orleans.
1966  The National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act signed into law by U.S. President Lyndon Johnson.
1969  Canada's Official Languages Act comes into force, making French equal to English throughout the Federal Government.