the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
The Tibetan dwarf hamster (Cricetulus alticola) is a species of rodent in the Cricetidae family.
It is found in China, India, and Nepal.
Lee Chang-dong (born July 4, 1954) is a South Korean movie director, screenwriter and novelist.
He won the 2008 Special Director's Prize at the Asian Film Awards and has been nominated for the Golden Lion and Palme d'Or.
Lee was South Korea's Minister of Culture and Tourism from 2003 to 2004.
He graduated in 1981 with a degree in Korean Literature from Kyungpook National University in Daegu.
After a teaching Korean Language in high school using his major, he established himself as a renowned novelist.
Later in his career, to the surprise of many, he turned to movie making.
Lee did not study movie making before starting movie making.
He penned two screenplays, Park Kwang-su's To the Starry Island in 1993 and A Single Spark in 1995.
Lee then directed Green Fish in 1997.
In 2000, Lee made Peppermint Candy.
It is a story following a single man in reverse chronology through 20 years of South Korean history.
All of his movies have received critical acclaim and awards.
Oasis, a story involving a mentally ill man and a woman with cerebral palsy, won the prestigious Director's Award at the 2003 Venice Film Festival.
He is very good at expressing the plain life of ordinary people on the screen.
He also maintains popularity even though sometimes he makes stories about serious social problems.
To the Starry Island (1993) *screenplay
A Single Spark (1995) *screenplay
Green Fish (1997)
Peppermint Candy (2000)
Oasis (2002)
Secret Sunshine (2007)
Poetry (2010)
Legion d'Honneur – Jacques Chirac Administration in 2006
2010 – Best Screenplay, Cannes Film Festival
Secret Sunshine
2008 – Best Film, Asian Film Awards
2008 – Best Director, Asian Film Awards
2007 – Best Actress (won by Jeon Do-yeon), Cannes Film Festival
2007 – Best Feature Film, Asia Pacific Screen Awards
2007 – Best Performance by an Actress, Asia Pacific Screen Awards
2007 – Best Picture, Korean Film Awards
2007 – Best Director, Korean Film Awards
2007 – Special Award, Grand Bell Awards
2003 – Best Director, Paeksang Arts Awards
2003 – Three Castles Award, Castellinaria International Festival of Young Cinema
2003 – Audience Award, Gardanne Film Festival
2003 – Chief Dan George Humanitarian Award, Vancouver International Film Festival
2003 – FIPRESCI Prize, Venice Film Festival
2003 – SIGNIS Award, Venice Film Festival
2003 – Special Director's Award, Venice Film Festival
2003 – Golden Lion (Nominated), Venice Film Festival
2005 – Best Foreign Film (Nominated), Independent Spirit Awards
2000 – Special Jury Prize, Bratislava International Film Festival
2000 – Best Film, Grand Bell Awards, South Korea
2000 – Don Quijote Award, Karlovy Vary International Film Festival
2000 – Netpac Award – Special Mention, Karlovy Vary International Film Festival
2000 – Special Prize of the Jury, Karlovy Vary International Film Festival
Green Fish
1997 – Best Film, Blue Dragon Awards
1997 – Dragons and Tigers Award, Vancouver International Film Festival
1998 – Netpac Award – Special Mention, Rotterdam International Film Festival
A Single Spark
1995 – Best Film, Blue Dragon Awards
Interview @ Firecracker #10
Nomination for the Gucci Group Award to be presented on September 3, 2007 at Venice's Palazzo Grassi during the 64th Venice Film Festival.
Lee Chang Dong Retrospective Singapore 2011
South Korean movie directors
The Hallé is an orchestra based in Manchester, England.
It is the UK's oldest symphony orchestra and the fourth oldest in the world.
Since 1996 its home is in the Bridgewater Hall, Manchester.
The orchestra gave its first concert on 30 January 1858.
It had been started by Hallé  the year before to play at an exhibition.
The orchestra gave its concerts in the Free Trade Hall.
One of the most famous conductors the orchestra had was Hans Richter who was music director from 1899 to 1911.
During this time the orchestra gave the first performance of  Symphony No.
1 by Sir Edward Elgar.
The orchestra suffered during the economic crisis of the 1930s and when World War II started.
At that time it was sharing many of its players with the BBC.
There were only 30 players left.
A new conductor was appointed in 1943: John Barbirolli.
He was the musical director for 27 years.
During this time the orchestra rose to international fame.
Kent Nagano was principal conductor of the orchestra from 1992 to 1999.
The orchestra moved from the Free Trade Hall to the Bridgewater Hall in 1996.
Nagano was criticized for putting on concerts that cost a lot of money, and charging high fees for himself.
The orchestra started to be in financial problems and nearly went bankrupt.
Then changes were made and the orchestra were more secure financially.
The Hallé today
In September 2000, Mark Elder took over as musical director.
He has made the orchestra into an excellent orchestra again.
In 2006 a new job of guest conductor was given to Cristian Mandeal.
From 2009 the guest conductor will be Markus Stenz.
The leader of the orchestra is Lyn Fletcher.
The Hallé also has a choir which was started in 1858 by Sir Charles Hallé.
They give about twenty concerts a year.
Their conductor is James Burton who also conducts the Hallé Youth Choir.
There is a Hallé Youth Orchestra which is conducted by Ewa Strusinska.
There is now also a Hallé Children’s Choir, conducted by Shirley Court.
The Hallé  also have their own CD label since 2008.
1858–1895 Sir Charles Hallé
1895–1899 Sir Frederic Cowen
1899–1911 Hans Richter
1912–1914 Michael Balling
1915–1920 Sir Thomas Beecham (musical adviser)
1920–1934 Sir Hamilton Harty
1939–1942 Sir Malcolm Sargent (conductor-in-chief)
1943–1970 Sir John Barbirolli
1972–1983 James Loughran
1983–1992 Stanisław Skrowaczewski
1992–1999 Kent Nagano
2000–present Sir Mark Elder
The Hallé official website
1858 establishments in the United Kingdom
The Turkish hamster (Mesocricetus brandti) is a species of hamster closely related to the Syrian hamster.
It is used as a laboratory animal in scientific research, but is not widely available on the pet market.
The Romanian hamster (Mesocricetus newtoni) is a species of rodent in the Cricetidae family.
It is found in Bulgaria and Romania.
The Chinese striped hamster (Cricetulus barabensis), also known as the striped dwarf hamster, is a species of hamster.
It is distributed across northern Asia, from southern Siberia through Mongolia and northeastern China to northern North Korea.
The Kam dwarf hamster (Cricetulus kamensis) is a species of rodent in the Cricetidae family.
It is found only in China.
The Samaritans are a group of people who live in the Levant.
Samaritans believe in the same one God of Judaism, but use only the Torah as text.
There are more than 800 Samaritans.
Most of them live in Holon and Nablus.
Archived.
https://web.archive.org/web/20080512075303/http://www.jtsa.edu/prebuilt/exhib/scrips/index.shtml
Ethnic groups in Israel
Indian religions or Indic religions or Dharmic religions are religions those originated from the Indian subcontinent.
Dharma is an idea common to these religions.
List of Indic religions
The term is taken from  the Red Queen's race in Lewis Carroll's Through the Looking-Glass.
The Red Queen said, "It takes all the running you can do, to keep in the same place."
The Red Queen principle can be stated as follows:
For an evolutionary system, continuing development is needed just to maintain its fitness relative to the systems it is co-evolving with.
The book takes Van Valen's idea, which is about co-evolution, and extends it into a discussion about sexual selection in humans.
It argues that few aspects of human nature can be understood apart from sex, since human nature is a product of evolution, and evolution in our case is driven by sexual selection.
Sex is an evolutionary puzzle.
In most sexual species, males make up half the population, yet they bear no offspring directly and generally contribute little to the survival of offspring.
In birds and mammals that idea seems less true.
They often help protect females, and help in some way after the young are born.
Therefore these males definitely do help in the survival of their offspring.
But sexual reproduction is very common in simpler forms of life, where the males have nothing to do with their offspring.
In human paleolithic populations, males were no doubt vital for hunting and protection.
Many bird species rear the young jointly.
However, most invertebrate species are not raised by parents at all, with larvae developing amongst the plankton.
In addition, males and females in many vertebrate species spend resources to attract and compete for mates.
Sexual selection may appear to favor traits that may reduce the fitness of an organism, such as brightly colored plumage in birds of paradise, which makes them more visible to predators.
Thus, sexual reproduction appears to be highly inefficient.
The book begins with an evolutionary account of sex itself, defending the theory that sex flourishes, despite its costs, because a mixed heritage confers to each generation a defensive "head start" against parasites and disease.
The basic reason for this is the way sexual reproduction increases the genetic variety in a population.
This greatly increases the chance of at least some individuals surviving the onslaught of predators, parasites and diseases.
This much is common ground amongst evolutionary theorists.
Ridley then argues that human intelligence is largely a result of sexual selection.
He argues that human intelligence far outstrips any need for survival (this is not generally agreed).
He says our intelligence is like the peacock's tail, a product of sexual selection.
Human intelligence, he suggests, is used primarily to attract mates through prodigious displays of wit, charm, inventiveness, and individuality.
This view of intelligence is also supported by Geoffrey Miller.
The history of ideas on sexual selection and the evolution of sex is discussed by Helena Cronin.
Lembit Oll (23 April 1966 – Tallinn, 17 May 1999) was an Estonian chess grandmaster.
He was already successful as a junior, becoming champion of Estonia in 1982 and junior champion of the Soviet Union in 1984.
He also won multiple European and World junior championships.
The FIDE awarded him the IM-title in 1983 and the GM-title in 1992.
From that moment, he regularly played for Estonia during Chess Olympiads and European teamchampionships.
Early 1998 he reached his highest rating on the FIDE rating list: 2655.
Oll, who was married, fell into severe depressions after he divorced.
He jumped out of the window of his house on the fifth floor and did not survive.
Despite his personal problems, he still held the 42nd place on the world ranking list at that time.
He was buried in Tallinn.
His grave is not far from that of Paul Keres, another famous chess player.
List of victories
1989: Espoo, Tallinn (zonal tournament), Helsinki.
1990: Terrassa.
1991: Sydney, Helsinki.
1992: Sevilla.
1993: Vilnius, The Hague, Antwerp.
1994: New York Open (shared 1st with Jaan Ehlvest).
1995: Helsinki, Riga (zonal tournament).
1996: Saint Petersburg.
1997: Køge, Szeged (shared 1st), Hoogeveen (shared 1st).
Estonian sportspeople
Suicides by jumping
Matryoshka (Russian: матрёшка) is a traditional Russian doll made of wood and painted with colorful ornaments.
This doll is one of the most popular souvenirs in Russia.
It is also widely distributed abroad under different names such as “Aunt Olga,” “Babushka” or “Mommy doll.”
Although Matryoshka is called a doll it is actually a set of dolls of different sizes placed one in another.
The reason for that lies behind the name “Matryoshkг.”
The name "Matryoshka" came from the traditional Russian name "Matryona".
This name was associated with motherhood and fertility.
The biggest doll symbolizes “mother” with her numerous “doll” family.
Novak Djokovic (Born 22 May 1987).
Is a Serbian professional tennis player.
Djokovic has won 20 Grand Slam singles titles: the 2008, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2015, 2016, 2019, 2020 and 2021 Australian Open, the 2016 and 2021 French Open, the 2011, 2014, 2015, 2018, 2019, and 2021 Wimbledon Championships as well as the 2011, 2015, and 2018 US Open.
He is the first player since Rod Laver in 1969 to hold all four Grand Slam tournaments at the same time.
He is the third player after Roy Emerson and Rod Laver to win each Grand Slam tournament at least two times.
Djokovic was ranked No.
1 in the world for the first time on 4 July 2011.
His longest streak at No.
1 was 122 weeks, from 7 July 2014 until 6 November 2016.
On 8 March 2021 he reached 311 total weeks at No.
1, which broke the ATP record by Roger Federer.
He won the ATP World Tour Finals in 2008, 2012, 2013, 2014, and 2015, and helped Serbia win the Davis Cup in 2010.
He won a bronze medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics.
He has won a record 37 Masters 1000 series titles, and a single season record six Masters 1000 titles in 2015.
Several tennis critics and former and current players consider Djokovic to be among the greatest tennis players of all time.
Djokovic was named the Laureus World Sportsman of the Year in 2012, 2015, 2016 and 2019.
Djokovic's official site
Djokovic at ATP site
On the 6 is the first album by Jennifer Lopez.
The album's title refers to a time when Jennifer lived in the Bronx.
The label released five singles to promote the album.
Sales and shipments
Jennifer Lopez albums
Latin music albums
J.Lo is the second studio album by American singer and actress Jennifer Lopez.
It was released on January 22, 1969 by Epic Records and became her best-selling album.
Epic Records released 4 singles to promote the album.
The album was re-released in July 2001.
It contained three bonus tracks.
Due to usage of slurs such as "nigga", "bitch" and "fuck" in "I'm Real (Murder Remix)", the re-edition has been released with 'Parental Advisory' sticker.
Also the album has been released without label, despite strong language and sexual content.
"Love Don't Cost a Thing" (Damon Sharpe, Greg Lawson, Georgette Franklin, Jeremy Monroe, Amille Harris) – 3:42
"I'm Real" (Jennifer Lopez, Troy Oliver, Cory Rooney, L.E.S) – 4:57
"Play" (Anders Bagge, Arnthor Birgisson, Christina Milian, Rooney) – 3:32
"Walking on Sunshine" (Lopez, Sean "Puffy" Combs, Mario Winans, Jack Knight, Michael "Lo" Jones) – 3:46
"Ain't It Funny" (Lopez, Rooney) – 4:06
"Cariño" (Lopez, Rooney, Manny Benito, Neal Creque, Jose Sanchez, Frank Rodriguez, Guillermo Edghill, Jr.) – 4:15
"Come Over" (Combs, Winans, Michelle Bell, Kip Collins) – 4:53
"We Gotta Talk" (Lopez, Rooney, Oliver, Tina Morrison, Steve Estiverne, Joe Kelly) – 4:07
"That's Not Me" (Combs, Winans, Kandice Love) – 4:33
"Dance with Me" (Combs, Winans, Knight, Jones) – 3:54
"Secretly" (Lopez, Rooney, Oliver, Khalilah Shakir) – 4:25
"I'm Gonna Be Alright" (Lopez, Oliver, Rooney, Cheryl Lorraine Cook, Clifon Nathaniel Chase, O'Brien Anth, Sylvia Robinson) – 3:44
"That's the Way" (Rodney Jerkins, Fred Jerkins III, LaShawn Daniels, Nora Payne) – 3:53
"Dame" (with Chayanne) (R. Jerkins, F. Jerkins, Daniels, Benito) – 4:25
"Si Ya Se Acabó" (Benito, Greco, Contreras) – 3:37
"Amor Se Paga con Amor" (Sharpe, Lawson, Franklin, Monroe, Harris, Benito) – 3:44
"Cariño" (Spanish) (Lopez, Rooney, Benito, Creque, Sanchez, Rodriguez, Edghill) – 4:17
"Que Ironia (Ain't It Funny)" (Lopez, Rooney, Benito, Tommy Mottola) – 4:07
Japanese edition
Released January 24, 2001
"I'm Waiting" – 3:11
Released July 24, 2001
"I'm Real" (Murder Remix featuring Ja Rule) (Lopez, Oliver, Rooney, L.E.S., Jeffrey Atkins, Irving Lorenzo, Rick James) – 4:22
UK, Australian, and Portuguese edition
Released October 16, 2001 (AUS) / November 5, 2001 (UK)
"Pleasure Is Mine" – 4:19
"I'm Real" (Murder Remix featuring Ja Rule) – 4:22
|- style="text-align: center;"
FIDE (Fédération Internationale des Échecs) is the world chess organisation.
All national federations are members.
It decides matters like World Championships and changes in rules of the game.
FIDE was founded on 20 July 1924 in Paris, France.
However, it had little influence until the end of World War II.
The reigning world champion at that time, Alexander Alekhine, did not want to have anything to do with it.
He regarded the world title as his personal property.
This only changed when he died with the title, in 1946 (no other champion has ever died while holding the title).
It was obvious that some method was needed to find a new champion.
FIDE stepped in and, with Russian backing, put forward a solution.
The strong Soviet Chess Federation only joined FIDE in 1946.
It had a great influence, with resources and many young strong players.
After WW II
In 1948 a tournament was organized to determine which of the world top players was entitled to call himself World Champion.
The death of Alekhine had left a vacuum.
Two previous champions, Emanuel Lasker and José Raúl Capablanca had died in the late 1930s.
It was clear that a new champion would come from the younger players.
Mikhail Botvinnik, Paul Keres and Vassily Smyslov from the Soviet Union.
Samuel Reshevsky and Reuben Fine from the United States.
Max Euwe from the Netherlands.
In the end, Reuben Fine dropped out, and the other five contested the event.
Mikhail Botvinnik won the tournament and became the new world champion.
In 1950 the FIDE awarded its first IM (International Master) and GM (International Grandmaster) titles.
However it was not until 1957 that FIDE formulated clear criteria to award these titles.
In 1970 a new ranking system, the Elo-rating, was introduced.
With the collapse of the Soviet Union FIDE lost a powerful partner.
This resulted in a long period of trouble.
In 1993 worldchampion Gary Kasparov and his challenger Nigel Short left FIDE.
They founded their own organisation for professional top players, the PCA (Professional Chess Association).
So now there were two worldchampions: one from FIDE and one from the PCA.
It was not until 2006 that the dust settled down and a re-unification match between Vladimir Kramnik and Veselin Topalov took place.
In 1999 FIDE was recognised by the International Olympic Committee.
In 2001 FIDE played by anti-doping rules, trying to make chess for like a candidate for the Olympic Games.
List of FIDE presidents
1924-1949 Alexander Rueb, Netherlands
1949-1970 Folke Rogard, Sweden
1970-1978 Max Euwe, Netherlands
1978-1982 Friðrik Ólafsson, Iceland
1982-1995 Florencio Campomanes, Philippines
1995-.... Kirsan Ilyumzhinov, Kalmykia, Russia
A Master in chess is a player who is awarded a master title by the world chess organisation FIDE, or by a national chess organisation.
The term was used for a long time to describe someone who was accepted as an expert player, but it now has an official meaning.
Grandmaster is a chess title for even stronger players.
The title comes from the word in Middle French: Grand maistre.
It was the title given to the head of an Order of Knights, such as the Knights Templar or the Teutonic Knights.
Its first use in chess is a comment in the periodical Bell's Life (18 February 1838) referring to William Lewis as "our past grandmaster".p156
FIDE titles
FIDE titles were first awarded in 1950.p133 There are four levels of mastery.p132; 177 There are detailed rules as to the number of games played at a given level, and the full rules are quite lengthy.
Some countries go with this system entirely, but others have their own system as well.
Titles open to all
Grandmaster (GM) 2500+
International master (IM) 2400+
FIDE master (FM) 2300+
Candidate master (CM) 2200+
Titles open only to women
Woman grandmaster (WGM) 2300+
Woman international master (WIM) 2200+
Woman FIDE master (WFM) 2100+
Woman candidate master (WCM) 2000+
It can be seen that a woman grandmaster is a lower standard than an international master.
The purpose of women-only titles is to encourage female players, because there are few female players in the game.
A grandmaster is the highest title that a player can get, except becoming a world champion.
It is given by the world chess organisation, FIDE.
Meeting the demands is not easy.
To become a grandmaster, a player has to play at least 27 games with at least two grandmaster-results.
In practice this means achieving at least three grandmaster-results or norms.
The tournament rating must be 2600 at least.
Besides this, a player's own FIDE rating must be at least 2500.
Men and women can earn the GM-title by meeting the demands.
National titles
As chess became more popular in the second half of the 19th century, the term began to be given out by organizations.
For example, in Germany, there arose an annual sponsored tournament, the Hauptturnier, the winners of which were awarded the title of Meister.
Emanuel Lasker, who later became World Champion, first earned a master title in one such tournament.
The Soviet Union had a system of national candidate masters, masters and grandmasters before World War II, and its satellite countries in eastern Europe followed suit after the war.
In the United States, the title of "National Master" is awarded for life, regardless of whether his rating goes below 2200 later.
In August 2002, the USCF (United States Chess Federation) decided that "Any USCF member, who has had a normal post-tournament rating of 2200 or higher, has demonstrated a significant level of chess ability and thought, and is automatically awarded the lifetime title of National Master".
Document describing USCF rating classes
Pungmul is a Korean traditional music.
It includes drumming, dancing, and singing.
Most performances are outside, with tens of players, all in constant motion.
Pungmul is rooted in the dure farming culture.
It was originally played as part of farm work, on rural holidays, at other village community-building events, and in shamanistic and Buddhistic rituals.
Pungmul performers wear very gorgeous costumes.
A flowery version of the Buddhist kkokkal is the most common headdress.
Advanced performers sometimes wear sangmo, which are hats with long ribbons attached to them that players can spin and flip in intricate patterns by moving their heads.
Drumming is the most important element of Pungmul.
Each group is led by a kkwaenggwari (small handheld gong) player, and includes at least one person playing janggu (hourglass drum), buk (barrel drum), and jing (gong).
Wind instruments (t'aepyongso and nabal) are sometimes played along with the drummers.
Following the drummers are dancers, who often play the sogo (a small drum that makes almost no sound) and tend to have more elaborate choreography.
Finally, japsaek (actors) dressed as caricatures of traditional village roles wander around to engage spectators, blurring the boundary between performers and audience.
Minyo (Korean traditional chants) are performed in Pungmul sometimes, and audience members enthusiastically sing and dance along.
Most Minyo are set to drum beats in one of a few jangdan (rhythmic patterns) that are common to Pungmul, Sanjo, P'ansori, and other traditional Korean musical genres.
The afro is a type of hairstyle that is noted for its large size.
The hair is curled out, forming a ball shape.
For some people, this is how their hair grows because it is naturally curly.
Not all beauty salons can offer this hairstyle, though.
It is called the afro because most people who can grow an afro naturally have ancestors from Africa.
The afro became popular among Civil Rights activists in the 1960s in the United States.
They were tired of white people's hair and bodies being called beautiful and black people's hair and bodies being called ugly.
So they grew their hair into afros on purpose.
The afro became less popular in the middle of the 1970s through the late 1990s.
Then it came back with the natural hair movement.
In the 1960s, wearing an afro was seen as a political choice, but in the 21st century it can also be just a style choice.
Some people wear an afro only because they do not want to straighten their hair with hot tools or chemicals.
An afro can be any length, short or long, but it is different for everyone, especially depending on the person's race and ethnicity.
Europeans and Asians will tend to have wavier, looser curls, so they usually cannot grow natural afros.
Some people say it is in poor taste or bad manners for a white person to call their hairstyle an "afro" because that cuts the afro off from its history as a way black people showed their hair could be beautiful even when white-majority cultures said it wasn't.
Some Jewish people also can naturally grow afros, because of their curly hair.
These hairstyles are often called "Jewfros."
The afro needs care.
In a 2015 interview in Glamour, Dr. Rolanda Wilkerson of Pantene said people with afros should wash their hair once a week instead of every day, air-dry instead of using a hair dryer, and moisturize.
The unconscious mind is thought to be a deeper part of a person's mind that works without that person knowing it.
Feelings, thoughts, desires or emotions appear to come out of nowhere, leaving the person to question where they came from.
The unconscious mind is a term coined by the 18th century German romantic philosopher Friedrich Schelling and later introduced into English by the poet and essayist Samuel Taylor Coleridge.
It is, however, an ancient idea which has been noticed in many civilisations and cultures.
Also, whether other mammals have similar mental mechanisms to man is also a question with a considerable history.
Freud's views
The unconscious mind plays a large role in Sigmund Freud's psychoanalysis.
He discussed the importance of the unconscious mind in understanding conscious thought and behaviour.
However, the unconscious was not discovered by Freud.
However, his method is controversial, and so are the rest of his ideas.
Freud called dreams the "royal road to the unconscious".
He developed his idea in The Interpretation of Dreams (1899).
A key feature of the unconscious is what he called 'repression'.
The adaptive unconscious is a set of unconscious mental processes influencing judgment and decision making.
It is different from conscious processing: it is faster, effortless, more focused on the present, but less flexible.
In other theories of the mind, the unconscious is limited to "low-level" activity, such as carrying out goals which have been decided consciously.
In contrast, the adaptive unconscious is thought to be involved in "high-level" cognition such as goal-setting as well.
The term 'adaptive unconscious' suggests it has survival value and hence is an adaptation which was strongly selected in the past.
Indeed, for much of vertebrate evolution, all mental activity was unconscious.
No-one supposes that fish have consciousness.
Thus our consciousness is added to an already-existing set of mechanisms which operate but whose operation is normally not felt by us.p23
Andrew Rivkin (born May 31, 1969) is a Canadian entrepreneur.
He co-founded Cryptologic Inc
, which was one of the first online gambling software companies.
He also co-founded Fun Technologies which is one of the largest online skill gaming provider worldwide.
Andrew is an avid polo player, member of the Toronto Polo Club.
He is also listed as a donor to the Mount Sinai Hospital of Toronto.
Canadian businesspeople
Roborovski hamsters (Phodopus roborovskii) are the smallest of all hamsters commonly kept as pets.
Roborovski hamsters live in the wild around the Gobi Desert, throughout Mongolia's desert steppe and parts of northern China.
Robo hamsters, as they are commonly called, are also extremly fast.
Because of their size wired cages are not suitable for them
The Palmengarten is one of two botanical gardens in Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
It is in the city area Westend-Nord.
The garden was privately paid for and built by the architect Heinrich Siesmayer.
Work was done in 1871 and the garden opened to the public.
One special visit was from the American entertainer Buffalo Bill.
Buffalo Bill performed his Western show at the garden in 1890.
In 1931, it was placed in the care of the city of Frankfurt.
Control of the  garden was later moved to the American occupation authorities after World War II.
When the Palmengarten was returned to the city's control in the 1960s, a major rebuilding started.
The halls that were destroyed in the war were redeveloped and expanded.
In 1992, the reconstruction finished and the Palmengarten showed in its new form.
This article is about the province.
For the island itself, see Jeju Island.
For the World Heritage Site, see Jeju Volcanic Island and Lava Tubes.
Jeju-do (Korean for Jeju Province) is a province in South Korea.
Most of Jeju Province is Jeju Island, which is the largest island in South Korea.
The island was created as a result of a volcanic eruption.
Jeju-do is in the southern part of South Korea.
Many people visit this island on honeymoon or to sight-see.
Because Jeju-do is in the southern part of South Korea, it's warmer than the rest of South Korea.
Jejudo has exotic views and fruits compared to other places in South Korea.
A few things it is famous for are Jeonbokjuk (a kind of congee made of abalone) and Dekopon.
Hallasan, the highest mountain in South Korea, is at the center of Jeju-do.
The Natural World Heritage Site Jeju Volcanic Island and Lava Tubes is also on the island.
Jeju-do is the only special autonomous province in South Korea.
It was established on July 1, 2006.
Before that, it had been an independent province since 1946.
During the Japanese occupation of Korea, Jeju was called  Jeju Myeon and considered part of South Jeolla Province.
In the middle of the 20th century, the Korean War divided Korea into two countries, North Korea and South Korea.
In 1948, there was an uprising on Jeju Island.
The government of what would become South Korea burned down most of the villages on Jeju Island and killed 30,000 people.
People disagree about exactly what happened and why.
Some people say the government was trying to stop Communists and other people say the Jeju Islanders who were killed were rebels who didn't want the country cut into two pieces.
In 2003, the government of South Korea apologized.
Many television shows, for example Dae Jang Geum, are filmed in Jejudo.
The people who live in Jeju Province do not speak exactly the same type of Korean as other Koreans.
The Jeju dialect is recognized as a separate language, the Jeju language.
Women have been an important part of family economics in Jeju-do.
People on Jeju-do tie some ropes over their roof so that it can withstand strong winds.
Jeju island is based on basalt.
Because basalt has many holes, people had trouble with getting water to drink.
As a result, they used Heobeok to carry water.
There are many doll hareubang basalt sculptures on Jeju.
This is "stone grandfather" in English.
They are made out of basalt stone.
Haenyo is the professional job of getting seafood.
Most haenyo divers are women.
They can hold their breath for two minutes and dive to 20 meters to collect abalone, oysters, and other edible animals.
Millions of tourists visit Jejudo every year, 14.4 million in 2019, and they leave large amounts of garbage behind.
Environmentalists say that too much of Jejudo has been made into roads, buildings and golf courses for the visitors.
Some of the residents of Jejudo do not like that there are so many tourists because they use up the water and leave garbage on the beaches.
Because many of the restaurants and hotels are owned by people from China, locals do not always get much money from visitors
Las Cruces is the second largest city in the American state of New Mexico.
The current population is about 90,000.
The city is known for it large Urban Renewal Project that tore down much of its historic Main Street area.
City of Las Cruces "People Helping People"
1840s establishments in North America
Rio Rancho is the largest city in Sandoval County and third largest city in the U.S. state of New Mexico.
A suburb of Albuquerque, it is part of the Albuquerque Metropolitan Statistical Area.
City of Rio Rancho "City of Vision"
Watford tube station is a station at the end of the Watford branch of London Underground's Metropolitan line in the north-western part of the network in Zone 7, previously zone A.
Ha Seung-Jin (; Hanja 河昇鎮, born 4 August 1985) is a South Korean professional athlete.
He is best known as a basketball player.
He has played in the NBA for the Portland Trail Blazers.
He was the first Korean to play basketball in the NBA.
Ha was born in Seoul.
His father was a member of the national basketball team and his older sister is a member of the national basketball team.
His height was 2.18 m in middle school when he won the championship.
Lots of universities wanted Seung-Jin to sign with their school.
He decided to play for Yonsei University and won the university championship with them.
He decided to go pro and signed with the Portland Trail Blazers in 2004.
His NBA career was short due to his low basic skills.
So he decided to go back to Korea and enter the Korean Basketball League in 2008.
| name = J to tha L-O!:
| type = remix
| Longtype        =
| artist = Jennifer Lopez
| released = February 5, 2002 (U.S.)March 18, 2002 (Europe)
| recorded = 1999–2001Crackhouse StudiosThe Hit FactorySony Music Studios(New York City, New York)  Metrophonic Studios(Ripley, Surrey, England)  The Record Plant(Hollywood, Los Angeles, California)  Sony Pictures Studios(Culver City, California)
| length = 1:05:39
| label = Epic Records
| Reviews         = *Allmusic  link
NME (6/10) link
Music UK  link
| Compiler        =
| prev_title = J.Lo(2001)
The Remixes(2002)
| next_title = This Is Me... Then  (2002)
}}J to tha L-O!:
The Remixes''''' is third album by Jennifer Lopez.
It's her first remix album.
It was the first remix album to debut at the top of Billboard 200.
It was one of the best-selling remix albums of all the time.
Album sold more than three million copies.
"Love Don't Cost a Thing" (RJ Schoolyard Mix featuring Fat Joe) (Damon Sharpe, Greg Lawson, Georgette Franklin, Jeremy Monroe, Amille Harris, Joe Cartagena) – 4:18
"Ain't It Funny" (Murder Remix featuring Ja Rule and Caddillac Tah) (Jennifer Lopez, Cory Rooney, Irv Gotti, 7 Aurelius, Ja Rule, Caddillac Tah) – 3:49
"I'm Gonna Be Alright" (Track Masters Remix) 1 (Lopez, Oliver, Rooney, Samuel Barnes, Jean-Claude Olivier, Cheryl Lorraine Cook, Ronald LaPread) – 3:53
"I'm Real" (Murder Remix featuring Ja Rule) (Lopez, Oliver, Rooney, L.E.S., Jeffrey Atkins, Irving Lorenzo, Rick James) – 4:18
"Walking on Sunshine" (Metro Remix) (Lopez, Sean "Puffy" Combs, Mario Winans, Jack Knight, Michael "Lo" Jones, Adonis Shropshire, Karen Anderson, Mechalie Jamison) – 5:50
"If You Had My Love" (Darkchild Master Mix) (Rodney Jerkins, Fred Jerkins III, LaShawn Daniels, Rooney) – 4:11
"Feelin' So Good" (Bad Boy Remix featuring P. Diddy and G. Dep) (Rooney, Lopez, Christopher Rios, Cartagena, Combs, Steven Standard, George Logios) – 4:27
"Let's Get Loud" (Pablo Flores Remix) (Gloria Estefan, Kike Santander) – 5:29
"Play" (Sack International Remix) (Anders Bagge, Arnthor Birgisson, Christina Milian, Rooney) – 4:18
"Waiting for Tonight" (Hex's Momentous Radio Mix) (Maria Christensen, Michael Garvin, Phil Temple) – 4:32
"Alive" (Album Version) (Lopez, Cris Judd, Rooney) – 4:40
European edition
"Si Ya Se Acabó" (Radio Remix) (Manny Benito, Jimmy Greco, Ray Contreras) – 3:33
"Que Ironia (Ain't It Funny)" (Tropical Dance Remix) (Lopez, Rooney, Benito) – 3:48
"Una Noche Más" 2 (Christensen, Garvin, Temple, Benito) – 4:05
"No Me Ames" (Tropical Remix with Marc Anthony) (Giancarlo Bigazzi, Marco Falagiani, Ignacio Ballesteros, Aleandro Baldi) – 5:34
1 The European edition includes the no-rap version of "I'm Gonna Be Alright" (Track Masters Remix)
2 Misprinted as being the Pablo's Miami Mix Radio Edit
This Is Me... Then is the third (fourth overall) studio album by Jennifer Lopez.
It was released in November 2002.
The album debuted at number six on Billboard 200.
t has sold 2.5 million copies in the United States and over five million copies worldwide.
"Still" contains elements of "Set Me Free", as written by LeRoy Bell and Casey James and performed by Teddy Pendergrass.
"Loving You" contains:
a portion of "Juicy Fruit", as written by James Mtume and performed by Mtume.
an interpolation of "Never Give Up on a Good Thing", as written by Michael Garvin and Tom C. Shapiro and performed by George Benson.
"I'm Glad" contains a sample of "P.S.K. What Does It Mean?",
as written and performed by Jesse "Schoolly D" Weaver Jr.
"The One" and "The One (Version 2)" contain an interpolation of "You Are Everything", as written by Thom Bell and Linda Creed and performed by The Stylistics.
"All I Have" contains a sample of "Very Special", as written by Lisa Peters and William Jeffrey and performed by Debra Laws.
"Jenny from the Block" contains:
an interpolation of "Hi-Jack" (1975), as written by Jose Fernando Arbex Miro.
a portion of "South Bronx" (1987), as written by Lawrence Parker and Scott Sterling.
portions of "Heaven and Hell Is on Earth" (1975), as written by Michael Oliver.
"You Belong to Me" contains a sample of "Catch the Beat", as written by G. Andrews, K. Nix, Brad Osborne, T. Ski Valley and performed by T. Ski Valley.
"Baby I Love U!"
contains an interpolation of "Midnight Cowboy" (1969), as written and performed by John Barry.
Rebirth is the fifth album by Jennifer Lopez.
Epic Records released two singles to promote the album.
They scheduled to release three singles, but after the success of "Hold You Down", they decided not to release "Cherry Pie".
"Get Right" (Rich Harrison, James Brown) – 3:45
Contains elements of Maceo & the Macks' "Soul Power '74" (James Brown)
"Step into My World" (Rodney Jerkins, Delisha Thomas, Fred Jerkins III, Hector Diaz) – 4:05
"Hold You Down" (featuring Fat Joe) (Gregory Christopher, Gregory Bruno, Makeba Riddick, Joseph Cartagena, Cory Rooney, Larry Troutman, Billy Beck) – 4:32
Contains elements of Shirley Murdock's "As We Lay" (Larry Troutman, Billy Beck)
"Whatever You Wanna Do" (Harrison, Delma Anthony Churchill, Harvey Fuqua, Kenneth L. Hawkins) – 3:49
Contains elements of The Nite-Liters' "Con-Funk-Shun" (Delma Anthony Churchill, Harvey Fuqua, Kenneth L. Hawkins)
"Cherry Pie" (Jennifer Lopez, Tim Kelley, Bob Robinson, Rooney) – 4:06
"I Got U" (Jerkins, Jerkins, Thomas, LaShawn Daniels, Aaron Pearce) – 3:57
"Still Around" (Antwan Patton, Archie Hall, Rooney) – 3:22
"Ryde or Die" (Robert "Big Bert" Smith, Blake English, Brandy Norwood) – 4:03
"I, Love" (Kelley, Robinson, Rooney) – 3:42
"He'll Be Back" (Walter Millsap III, Candice Nelson, Tim Mosley) – 4:18
"(Can't Believe) This Is Me" (Lopez, Marc Anthony, Rooney) – 4:44
"Get Right" (featuring Fabolous) (Harrison, Brown) – 3:50
"Get Right" (Instrumental)
iTunes edition
"Get Right" (Hip Hop Remix featuring Fabolous)
DualDisc edition
Rebirth Documentary
"Get Right" (Video)
"Get Right" (featuring Fabolous) (Video)
Personnnel
Jennifer Lopez – vocals
Marco Britti – drums
Mario Guini – guitar
Bob Robinson – electric guitar
Erben Perez – bass
Cory Rooney – keyboards
Tim Kelley – bass, keyboards
Delisha Thomas – background vocals
Andrea Mendez – background vocals
Candice Nelson – background vocals
Makeba Riddick – background vocals
Rudaina Haddad – background vocals
Mert Alas – photography
Jim Annunziato – assistant engineer
Marc Anthony – producer
Robert Anthony – producer
Chris Avedon – engineer
Scotty Beats – engineer
Big Boi – producer
Gregory Bruno – producer
Cutmaster Swift – producer
Danja – producer
Hector Diaz – programming, producer
Dylan Ely – assistant engineer
Mike Evans – production coordination
Katie Grand – stylist
Rich Harrison – programming, producer
Fred "Uncle Freddie" Jerkins III – producer
Rodney Jerkins – programming, producer
Tim Kelley – drum programming
Peter Wade Keusch – engineer, mixing
Jennifer Lopez – executive producer
Andrew McKay – production coordination
Nyce Boy – producer
Oribe – hair stylist
Julian Peploe – art direction
William E. Pettaway Jr. – production coordination
Marcus Piggott – photography
Herb Powers – mastering
Geneva Randolph – production coordination
Cory Rooney – producer, executive producer, vocal producer
Bruce Swedien – engineer, mixing
Delisha Thomas – vocal arrangement
Charlotte Tilbury – make-up
Mike Tschupp – assistant engineer
Como Ama una Mujer () is the first full-length Spanish-language studio album, and fifth studio album overall released by American entertainer Jennifer Lopez.
The album was mainly produced by Colombian composers Julio Reyes and Estéfano.
In 2004 Lopez worked on a song with her husband Marc Anthony called "Escapémonos".
She enjoyed working on the song so much that she decided to record a full-length Spanish album; something she had wanted to do for years.
Vic Anesini – Mastering
Marc Anthony – Arranger, Vocals (bckgr), Producer, Executive Producer
Eduardo Avena – Percussion
Odisa Beltrán – Production Coordination
Andres Bermudez – Mixing
Marco Britti – Drums
Jorge Calandrelli – String Arrangements
César Castillo – Quena, Sikus
José Garcia De La Rosa – Engineer
Sebastian DePeyrecave – Guitar, Assistant Engineer
Nailton Bispo "Meia Noiche" Dos Santos – Percussion
Tony Duran – Photography
Vicky Echeverri – Vocals (bckgr)
Estéfano – Vocals (bckgr), Producer
Mauricio Gasca – Programming
Armando Gola – Bass
Mario Guini – Guitar (Acoustic), Guitar, Guitar (Electric)
Anthony Kilhoffer – Engineer
Jadi Leesley – Stylist
The London Symphony Orchestra – Strings
Jennifer Lopez – Executive Producer
Juan José "Chaqueño" Martínez – Percussion
Pedro Namerow – Assistant Engineer
José Luis Pagán – Guitar (Acoustic), Guitar, Arranger, Guitar (Electric), Keyboards, Programming, Engineer
José Luis Pagani – Arranger, Programming
Ricardo Tiki Pasillas – Percussion, Drums, Vocals (bckgr)
Ken Paves – Hair Stylist
Julian Peploe – Art Direction, Design
Erben Perez – Bass
Gustavo Pichon Dal Pont – Engineer
Julio C. Reyes – Piano, Accordion, Arranger, Conductor, Keyboards, Programming, Producer, Engineer, String Arrangements, Mixing
Claudia Salgado – Production Coordination
Bruce Swedien – Engineer, Mixing
Guillermo Vadala – Bass
Matthew Vanleeuwen – Make-Up
Peter Wade – Engineer, Mixing
Billboard Latin Music Awards – won Latin Pop Album Of The Year, Female.
3 nominations for Latin Album Of The Year, Latin Pop Airplay Song Of The Year, Female and Latin Dance Club Play Track Of The Year (Que Hiciste)
Como Ama una Mujer – Spanish Content
e-card "Como ama una mujer"
Spanish-language albums
El Cantante () is the soundtrack to the motion picture of the same name by American recording artists Marc Anthony and Jennifer Lopez and was released on July 24, 2007 by Sony BMG.
The entire album, with the exception of the last track "Toma de Mí", is a cover album of songs originally written and recorded by the famous Puerto Rican salsa icon Héctor Lavoe.
"El Cantante" (Rubén Blades) — 6:47
"Mi Gente" (Johnny Pacheco) — 3:52
"Escándalo" (Rafael Cárdenas Crespo; Rubén Fuentes) — 3:58
"Aguanile" (Willie Colón; Héctor Lavoe) — 5:15
"Che Che Colé" (Willie Colón) — 3:26
"El Día de Mi Suerte" (Willie Colón; Héctor Lavoe) — 5:19
"Qué Lío" (Willie Colón; Joe Cuba; Héctor Lavoe) — 4:24
"Quítate Tú Pa' Ponerme Yo" (Johnny Pacheco; Bobby Valentín) — 4:24
"Todo Tiene Su Final" (Willie Colón) — 4:56
"Toma de Mí" (Performed by Jennifer Lopez) (Nelly Furtado; Julio Reyes Copello) — 4:29
Yomo Toro – Cuatro
Milton Cardona – Vocals, coro
Tito Allen – Vocals, Coro
Bobby Allende – Conga
Renaldo Jorge – Trombone
Myung Hi Kim – Violin
Ozzie Melendez – Trombone
Suzanne Ornstein – Violin
Ricardo Tiki Pasillas – Percussion
Marc Quiñones – Timbales
Laura Seaton – Violin
Gene Moye – Cello
Sergio George – Piano
Ray Colon – Bongos, bells
Raul Agraz – Trumpet
Luis Quintero – Percussion, timbales
William Castro – Arpa
William Duval – Vocals
Sarah Seiver – Cello
José Tabares – Bass
Peter Winograd – Violin
Ramon B. Sanchez – Conductor
Robert Rinehart – Viola
Daniel Panner – Viola
Elizabeth Dyson – Cello
Jenny Strenger – Violin
Wilson Cifuentes – Flute, gaita
Katherine Fong – Violin
Duoming Ba – Violin
Minyoung Chang – Violin
Sarah OBoyle – Violin
Wen Qian – Violin
Sein Ryu – Violin
Mario Guini – Electric guitar
Julio Reyes Copello – Piano
Jose Mangual – Vocals, Coro
Daniel Caro – Bandola
Oriol Caro – Tiple
Angélica Gámez – Violin
Laura Ospina – Cello
Urian Sarmiento – Percussion
Marc Anthony – Producer, executive producer
Sergio George – Producer
Héctor Ivan Rosa – Engineer
Jim Caruana – Engineer
Luisito Quintero – Percussion overdubs
David Kutch – Mastering
Vlado Meller – Mastering
Peter Wade Keusch – Engineer
Bigram Zayas – Producer
Alysia Oakley – Assistant music supervisor
Maria Paula Marulanda – Art direction
Matt Havron – Assistant Music supervisor
Julio Reyes Copello – Arranger, programming, producer
Official El Cantante home page
Brave is the fifth English-language studio album by Jennifer Lopez, released by Epic Records on October 6, 2007 in Australia, October 9, 2007 in North America, and October 15, 2007 in Europe.
It debuted at number twelve on the U.S. Billboard 200 with 53,000 copies sold in its first week.
It became Lopez's least successful album to date, selling just 600,000 units worldwide to date.
"Stay Together" (Jonathan Rotem, Chasity Nwagbara, Evan "Kidd" Bogart) – 3:31
"Forever" (Balewa Muhammad, Candice Nelson, Ezekiel "Zeke" Lewis, Patrick "j.Que" Smith, Chauncey Hollis) – 3:38
"Hold It Don't Drop It" (Kevin Risto, Waynne Nugent, Jennifer Lopez, Allen Phillip Lees, Tawana Dabney, Janet Sewell, Cynthia Lissette, Dennis Lambert, Brian Potter) – 3:55
Contains a sample of Tavares' "It Only Takes a Minute" (Dennis Lambert, Brian Potter)
"Do It Well" (Ryan Tedder, Leonard Caston, Anita Poree, Frank Wilson) – 3:05
Contains a sample of Eddie Kendricks' "Keep on Truckin'" (Leonard Caston, Anita Poree, Frank Wilson)
"Gotta Be There" (Adam Gibbs, Michael Chesser, Crystal Johnson, Travis Cherry, Leon Ware, Arthur Ross) – 3:57
Contains a sample of Michael Jackson's "I Wanna Be Where You Are" (Leon Ware, Arthur Ross)
"Never Gonna Give Up" (Michelle Lynn Bell, Peter Wade Keusch, Lopez) – 4:21
"Mile in These Shoes" (Chasity Nwagbara, Onique Williams) – 3:16
"The Way It Is" (Bell, Keusch, Lopez, Rhonda Robinson, Gennaro Leone, Bruce Rudd) – 3:07
Contains a sample of Great Pride's "She's a Lady" (Gennaro Leone, Bruce Rudd)
"Be Mine" (Bell, Keusch, Robinson, John Hill, Caleb Shreve, Lopez, Bobby Hebb) – 3:20
Contains a sample of Paul Mauriat's "Sunny" (Bobby Hebb)
"I Need Love" (Bell, Keusch, Robinson, Hill, Shreve, Lopez, Bill Withers) – 3:52
Contains a sample of Bill Withers' "Use Me" (Bill Withers)
"Wrong When You're Gone" (Lewis, Smith, Muhammad, Nelson, Keri Hilson) – 3:58
"Brave" (Christian Karlsson, Pontus Winnberg, Lewis, Smith, Muhammad, Nelson) – 4:21
"Do It Well" (featuring Ludacris) (bonus track on all editions) – 3:34
"Do It Well" (Monto Blanco Radio Mix) (iTunes bonus track in some countries) – 3:03
"Do It Well" (Ashanti Boyz Remix) (iTunes bonus track in some countries) – 3:42
"Frozen Moments" (Bell, Keusch) (Canadian iTunes bonus track) – 3:45
Deluxe edition bonus DVD
"Get Right" (featuring Fabolous) (Video) – 3:52
"Hold You Down" (featuring Fat Joe) (Video) – 4:32
"Qué Hiciste" (Video) – 4:17
"Me Haces Falta" (Video) – 3:33
Target edition
Circuit City edition
Pedro Alfonso – Violin, Viola
Jim Annunziato – Engineer
Scott Barns – Make-Up
Michelle Lynn Bell – Producer, Vocal Arrangement
Michelle Bell – Vocals (bckgr)
Big D – Producer
Chuck Brody – Producer
CFOS – Mixing Assistant
Travis Cherry – Producer
Clutch – Producer
Brandon Creed – A&R
Alec Deruggiero – Engineer
Warren "Oak" Felder – Producer
William Garrett – Keyboards, Engineer
Larry Gold – Conductor, String Arrangements
Alexei Hay – Photography
John Hill – Producer, Mixing
Keri Hilson – Vocals (bckgr)
Hit Boy – Programming, Producer, Instrumentation
Peter Wade Keusch – Synthesizer, Programming, Producer, Engineer, Vocal Arrangement
Gelly Kusuma – Assistant Engineer, Mixing Assistant
Manny Marroquin – Mixing
Julie Ann Marsibilio – A&R
Josh McDonnell – Guitar, Engineer
Keith Naftaly – A&R
Candice Nelson – Vocals (bckgr)
Chasity Nwagbara – Vocals (bckgr)
Philosophy – Producer
Herb Powers – Mastering
Julio C. Reyes – Engineer, String Arrangements, Vocal Producer
Jared Robbins – Mixing Assistant
Corey Rooney – Executive Producer, Brass Arrangement, Vocal Producer
José Juan Sánchez – Engineer
Ryan Santomauro – A&R
Sizzler Ponderosa – Vocals (bckgr)
Chris Soper – Mixing Assistant
Corey Stocker – Engineer
Bruce Swedien – Mixing
Ryan Tedder – Programming, Producer, Instrumentation
Mike Tschupp – Assistant Engineer, Mixing Assistant
Peter Wade – Synthesizer, Guitar, Programming, Mixing
Chasity Wagbara – Vocals (bckgr)
Bruce Waynne – Producer, Engineer
Daniel Werner – A&R
Monique Williams – Vocals (bckgr)