the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
Large numbers of new shoots can be produced in this way, especially after a major disturbance such as fire.
Iyyampalayam is a panchayat town in Dindigul district  in the state of Tamil Nadu, India.
There also exists another village by the same name, in the Erode district in Tamil Nadu.
For the Ayyampalaym in Erode district, see here: Ayyampalayam, Erode district.
There is another village of the same name near Manachanallur in Trichy district.
As of 2001 India census, Iyyampalayam had a population of 12,131.
Males constitute 50% of the population and females 50%.
Iyyampalayam has an average literacy rate of 62%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with 56% of the males and 44% of females literate.
Coconuts and Mangoes are  the main production in this village.
This village is located at the bottom of Kodaikanal.
Marudanadi dam is very nearer to  this village and through which around   of lands gets irrigated.
An ancient Muthalamman Temple festival is very famous in this village.
This festival was  headed by Alappa gowder and their family members every year.
This takesplaces for three days Wednesday, Thursday and Friday.
Wednesday night is the most important day of the festival, during that day they bring silk cloth covered goddess statue from Thevarapanpatti and removing this silk cloth and eye opening and decorate the goddess in Alappa gowder's temple house and then only it goes to the temple where festival  begins and final Friday aarathi was also taken by Alappa gowder family to the goddess as send of function.
Sadayandi swami petti festival is also equivalently important.
Periya Iyyanar temple on the bank of Marudanadi river is also a worth seeing place.
Pandit Nehru Portrait was given divine status in this temple proves this village people are very patriotic by birth.
Persons from this village have  joined in the INA  founded by Nethaji Subash Chandra Bose.
The forefathers of Dr.Subramania Siva lived in this village.
Pongal festival during the month of January, jallikattu competition will be held with great enthusiasm.
This village is well connected by road.
N.P.Ramasamy Memorial Higher Secondary School caters to the needs of this village education.
Kenneth Bruce Gorelick (born June 5, 1956), better known by his stage name Kenny G, is an American adult contemporary and smooth jazz saxophonist.
His fourth album, Duotones, brought him breakthrough success in 1986.
Kenny G is the biggest-selling instrumental musician with global sales totaling more than 75 million records.
Kenny G was born in Seattle, Washington, to Jewish parents and grew up in the city's Seward Park neighborhood, which is a center of the city's Jewish community.
His mother was originally from Saskatchewan, Canada.
He came into contact with a saxophone when he heard someone performing with one on The Ed Sullivan Show.
He started playing the saxophone in 1966 when he was 10 years old.
He learned how to play under the direction of trumpeter Gerald Pfister and by practicing along with records (mostly of Grover Washington, Jr.).
His first saxophone was a Buffet Crampon alto.
Kenny G married Lyndie Benson-Gorelick in 1992, and the couple had two sons.
In January 2012, Benson-Gorelick filed for legal separation.
Kenny G filed for divorce in August 2012.
Kenny G lives in Malibu, California.
He has been an avid golfer, with a handicap of +0.6.
He had participated in the AT&T Pebble Beach National Pro-Am tournament seven times as of 2007 and teamed with Phil Mickelson to share the AT&T pro-am title in 2001 with the team of Tiger Woods and Jerry Chang.
In the Golf Digest rankings of Top 100 in Music, according to golf handicap indexes of musicians, he was first in 2002 and second in 2006.
He has been a member at Sherwood Country Club in Thousand Oaks, California.
Kenny G is an aircraft pilot and has a De Havilland Beaver seaplane that he flies regularly.
He was also an early investor in the Starbucks coffee house chain.
Kenny G at Myspace
Kenny G at Legacy Recordings
Kenny G  at VH1.com
Kenny G Interview – Billboard en Español
[ Kenny G] at Allmusic
Git () is a distributed revision control system.
It is a computer program that helps people create other computer programs together.
Git was made to be fast.
It was created by Linus Torvalds for use in developing the Linux kernel which he also created.
Git's current development is looked after by Junio Hamano.
It is free and open source software released under the GNU General Public License version 2 software license.
Introduction to git-svn for Subversion/SVK users and deserters  by Sam Vilain
Git for computer scientists
Git Magic: a comprehensive listing of Git tips & tricks
Git Quick Reference
Linus Torvalds hosting a Google Tech Talk on Git
Git Wiki at kernel.org
Škoda Auto (), better known as Škoda, is an automobile maker.
It is based in the Czech Republic.
Škoda was bought by the Volkswagen Group in 2000.
Its total sales reached 684,226 cars in 2009 and 85,000 for the month of March 2011.
Škoda Auto goes back to the early 1890s as a company which started out making bicycles.
In 1894, 26-year old Václav Klement (a bookseller in Mladá Boleslav) could not find any spare parts to fix his bicycle.
Klement returned his bicycle to the makers, Seidel and Naumann, with a letter.
It was written in Czech.
The letter asked the company to repair the bicycle.
When Klement got his reply, it was in German.
It said (in English): "If you would like an answer to your inquiry, you should try writing in a language we can understand".
Klement was very unhappy at this.
Even though he did not have any experience, he decided to start a bicycle repair shop.
He and Václav Laurin opened this in 1895 in Mladá Boleslav.
Before working with Klement, Laurin was a bicycle maker in the town of Turnov.
Turnov was near to Mladá Boleslav.
In 1898, after moving to their newly-built factory, the pair bought a Werner "motorcyclist".
It was made by French manufacturer Werner Brothers.
Laurin & Klement's first motorcyclette was powered by an engine on the handlebars.
It drove the front wheels.
It was dangerous and unreliable.
Laurin had an accident on it, and lost one of his front teeth.
To design a safer motorcycle, the pair wrote to German specialist Robert Bosch for advice.
The pair's new motorcycle went on sale in 1899.
In 1900, when the company had 32 people working for them, motorcycles began being exported.
150 machines were shipped to London.
Shortly after, the press said that they were the makers of the first motorcycle.
The first model, Voiturette A, was a success.
The company was set up both within Austria-Hungary and all over the world.
By 1905 the company was making automobiles.
After World War I, the Laurin-Klement company began making trucks.
However, in 1924, the company looked for a partner after running into problems.
It was bought by Škoda Works, a firearms maker.
Most things made later were under the Škoda name.
Škoda was successful again after an economic depression.
The Popular in the late 1930s is an example of a popular car.
During World War II, when Nazi Germany had invaded Czechoslovakia, the Škoda works was turned into part of Reichswerke Hermann Göring.
It helped the German war effort.
MissionL (2011)
Vision D (2011)
Fabia Super (2007)
Joyster (2006)
Yeti II (2006)
Roomster (2003)
Tudor (2002)
Fabia Paris Edition (2002)
Ahoj (2002)
Felicia Golden Prague (1998)
783 Favorit Coupé (1987)
Škoda 110 Super Sport Ferat (1971)
Škoda 1100 GT (1968)
Škoda F3 (1964)
Škoda 1100 Type 968 (1958)
Škoda 973 Babeta (1949)
Masolino da Panicale (common name Tommaso di Cristoforo Fini, born around 1383 in Panicale, died 1447 in Florence) was an Italian painter.
He is commonly known as Masolino.
Among his best-known works are frescoes in the Brancacci Chapel, and a madonna called Madonna and Child with St. Anne.
He painted the madonna together with another artist, commonly known as Masaccio.
1440s deaths
Got 2 Luv U is a duet with American reggae singer Sean Paul and American R&B singer Alexis Jordan.
The music video was filmed by Ben Mor.
It peaked at number-one in Switzerland while it peaked at number 20 on Billboards Rap Songs chart.
Selena had released 22 music videos and 12 video/live albums during her career.
Her first music video was "Buenos Amigos", which is a duet with Salvadoran singer Alvaro Torres.
It was released in the summer of 1991 and featured an orchestra performing behind Selena and Torres.
Selena's first music video as a solo artist, "La Carcacha", was released four months after "Buenos Amigos".
In the video, Selena dances in front of a chroma key (which shows a busy highway) and videos of people walking down the streets. "
La Llamada" was released in the spring of 1993, it featured Selena and a couple of people dancing the cumbia dance in a beach house in Malibu, California. "
Donde Quiera Que Estes" was filmed in New York City and was released in December 1993.
The video featured Selena and the Barrio Boyzz' dancing in the styles of hip hop.
"Amor Prohibido" was released on Valentine's Day in 1994 and was filmed in Joshua Tree national park in Joshua Tree, California. "
Bidi Bidi Bom Bom" was filmed at the Santa Monica pier, while "No Me Queda Mas" was filmed at the San Antonio, Texas' Amtrak station, which became Selena's final music video to be released while she was alive. "
No Debes Jugar" was released in July 1995 by Telemundo and featured live performances of Selena singing the song in their television show Padrisimo. "
Fotos y Recuerdos", which was also released by Telemundo in July, featured home videos of Selena.
In August 1995, "I Could Fall in Love" was released, it featured videos and pictures of Selena.
The music video for "Dreaming of You" featured an actress playing the role as a lonely and depressed girl packing her clothes to runaway with her boyfriend.
Before the girl leaves, the video shows her mother (who is tired of cleaning) heading to the back of the house and looking at the sky at night, while her husband is sleeping.
The video's message is telling viewers that they should be with their loved ones because life is too short.
"Techno Cumbia" featured unreleased scenes of the "Bidi Bidi Bom Bom" music video and a group of dancers who danced along with the music. "
Tú Sólo Tú", being released in September 1995, featured videos and pictures of Selena.
Mariachi Sol de México were featured in the video, they also were the backup singers in the song. "
I'm Getting Used To You", which became the final music video to be released from Dreaming of You, featured "Selena wannabe's" auditioning for the role of "Selena", while the other scene featured two young adults who are in love. "
Siempre Hace Frio" was released to promote the remix album Siempre Selena.
Jennifer Lopez is featured in the video as "Selena", though her entire body was covered with charoma key. "
No Quiero Saber" (remix version) was released in December 1996 and featured Selena performing the song in her concerts.
"Viviras Selena", which is a tribute song, was released in March 1997.
The video was filmed in Q-Productions recording studio where Tejano singers such as: Pete Astudillo, Bobby Pulido, Emilio Navaria, Jennifer Peña, Graciela Beltran and the Barrio Boyzz' recording the song live. "
A Boy Like That" was released in the summer of 1997 and was directed by Kenny Ortega.
The video featured backup dancers wearing shirts that are covered in radioluminescence (glow-in-the-dark) paint. "
Missing My Baby" was a promotional video that was filmed and created by VH1 producers.
The video was promoting the box-set Anthology (1998) and was released in the fall of 1998. "
Disco Medley" music video featured Selena's performance of the song at the Houston Astrodome on February 26, 1995.
In 2001, Los Tres Reyes released their duet-version of "No Me Queda Mas", Selena was only featured in two scenes of the music video.
David Bryne released a live music video featuring Selena in the song "God's Child (Baila Conmigo)", which was filmed in 2003.
During Selena's tenth death anniversary her brother's band Kumbia Kings released a remix video of "Baila Esta Cumbia" in March 2005.
Before death
Video/Live albums
The Rohingya are an ethnic group of Southeast Asia.
They are mainly Muslim.
They live in the Arakan State in western Myanmar (or Burma), and in the Chittagong Hill Tracts in south-eastern Bangladesh.
They are not citizens of either Burma or Bangladesh.
The Rohingya say that they are native to the region now known as Arakan.
They are the product of the mixing of different cultures.
The Rohingya are quite different than other people in Burma.
While most people in Burma are Buddhist and speak Burmese, the Rohingya are Muslim and speak the Rohingya language, which is quite similar to the Bengali language spoken in the neighboring country of Bangladesh.
Because of these differences, a lot of people look down on the Rohingya and treat them wrong.
They are worried that the Rohingya are not loyal to Burma and will try to take over the country, even though Rohingya are outnumbered by other groups.
The Burmese government does not like the Rohingya people.
They say that the Rohingya are Bengalis and do not belong in the country.
Because of this, Rohingyas cannot do things that other people in Burma can, such as go to school and vote.
In the 2010s, the Burmese government started to put the Rohingya in concentration camps and not allow them to leave.
They also took away their ID cards so that they can't say that they were seen as Burmese citizens in the past.
In 2017, the Burmese army started burning down Rohingya villages.
They also killed a lot of Rohingya men and said that they were part of terrorist groups.
However, most Rohingya are not involved in terrorism and just want to live peaceful lives.
(September 11, 1719, Edo, Japan – August 25, 1788, Edo) was a senior counselor (rōjū) of the Tokugawa shogunate.
He is known for the introduction of monetary reform.
Tanuma was also a daimyo of the Sagara han.
He used the title Tonomo-no-kami.
Shogunate leader
In 1784 (Tenmei 4), Okitsugu's son was assassinated in front of his father inside Edo Castle.
The involvement of senior figures in the bakufu was suspected, but only the assassin was punished.
The result was that liberal reforms and the relaxation of the national isolation policy sakoku were stopped.
Tanuma Okitsugu, 1719–1788: Forerunner of Modern Japan.
OCLC 445621
Arakan is a Burmese state on the western coast of Myanmar.
It is next to Bangladesh.
The term Rakhine may have come from the Pali word "Rakkhapura" from "Rakkhita" meaning the land of the people of Rakhasa (Rakhasa > Rakkha > Rakkhaing > Rakhaing) who were given this name in honor of their preservation of their national heritage and ethics or morality.
The word Rakhine means, "one who maintains his own race."
In the Rakhine language, the land is called Rakhinepray, the ethnic Rakhine are called Rakhinetha.
Arakan, used in British colonial times, is believed to be a Portuguese corruption of the word Rakhine that is still popularly used in English.
Many English language users no not use the name changes made by the military government.
States of Myanmar
Arakanese is a nationality in Myanmar; they  form the majority along the coastal region of present-day Rakhine State or Arakan State.
They possibly constitute 5.53% or more of Myanmar's total population but no accurate census figures exist.
Arakanese or Rakhine people also live in the southeastern parts of Bangladesh, especially in Chittagong and Barisal Divisions.
A group of Arakanese descendants, living in the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh at least since the 16th century, are known as the Marma people.
These Arakanese descendants have been living in that area since the Arakanese kingdom's control of the Chittagong region.
Arakanese descendants spread as far north as Tripura state in India, where their presence dates back to the ascent of the Arakanese kingdom when Tripura was ruled by Arakanese kings.
In northeast India, these Arakanese people are referred to as the Mog, while in Bengali, the Marma (the ethnic Arakanese descendants in Bangladesh) and other Arakanese people are referred to as the Magh people.
year name), also known as Temmei, after An'ei and before Kansei.
This period started in April 1781 and ended in January 1789.
The nengō Tenmei means "Heavenly Radiance".
The kanji means "dawn" or "daybreak".
Events of the Tenmei era
1782 (Tenmei 2): Great Tenmei Famine began.
1782 (Tenmei 2): The emperor received a written study of silver currency in China and Japan.
The work was made by Minamoto no Masatsuna.
1783 (Tenmei 3):  erupted in Shinano Province and loss of life was estimated at 20,000+.
1783 (Tenmei 3): Famine was worse; food reserves used up
1784 (Tenmei 4): Nationwide events honored Kōbō-Daishi who was the founder of Shingon Buddhism.
Kōbō-Daishi died 950 years earlier.
1784 (Tenmei 4): The son of Tanuma Okitsugu was assassinated in Edo Castle.
17 September 1786 (Tenmei 6, 25th day of the 8th month): Shogun Tokugawa Ieharu died and was buried in Edo.
1787 (Tenmei 7): Tokugawa Ienari became the 11th shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate.
1787 (Tenmei 7): Kutsuki Masatsuna published Seiyō senpu (Notes on Western Coinage).
1788 (Tenmei 7): Riots in rice shops in Edo and Osaka.
1788 (Tenmei 8): Great Fire of Kyoto; the Imperial Palace was destroyed.
18th-century establishments in Japan
1788 disestablishments
18th-century disestablishments in Japan
Waltari is an alternative metal band from Finland.
The band was formed  in Helsinki in 1986.
The original members were Kärtsy Hatakka, Sale Suomalainen and Jariot Lehtinen.
Their name is a reference to popular Finish writer Mika Waltari – a favorite author of band’s guitarist Jariot Lethinen.
Waltari is more famous in the rest of Europe than in Finland and the band members have very positive relationships to Czech Republic.
They’ve collaborated with Czech punk rock band Wohnout and Kärtsy is a good friend of Lenka Dusilová.
The band has collaborated with many other artists.
They’ve made albums with Finnish ethno band Angelit, they hosted on Apocalyptica’s album and Tarja Turunen from Nightwish was a part of Yeah!
live performance.
Musicial style
Waltari's music is well known for it’s destruction of rock and metal genre boundaries.
Their heavy sound is often combined with elements of electronic music, pop, rap, disco, funk, grindcore and bits of many other genres and creates a fusion which can be described as avant-garde.
The lead singer and bass guitarist, Kärtsy Hattaka, delivers very distinctive vocal part to their music and makes Waltari's sound even more unique and easily recognizable.
Waltari’s lyrics are as diverse as their music.
They’re about various range of topics including everyday misery, personal struggles, science fiction motives, and music industry philosophical questions.
They have one thing in common – heavy irony, self-irony and sarcasm.
Waltari started their musical career with demo records.
The longest one was Monk Punk.
This album presents an interesting mixture of punk and funk music, but the first release which provided the band more positive reviews was the album called Torcha!
and it was also the first one which combined bits of many musical genres.
It also includes the cover of Madonna’s song "Vogue".
Next two albums, So Fine and Big Bang were also very successful.
They mainly concentrate on mixing heavy metal with techno, which was something fresh and innovative.
Their biggest success among death metal fans yet came with the Yeah!
album, which is mixture of death metal and classical music.
It also has a musical feeling to it, because it’s kind of an epic story from future sung in dialogues of various characters.
Next album Space Avenue is more electronic and it has some pop feeling to it.
Another one called Radium Round goes even further in that.
It’s almost a pop/disco album with some metal elements.
Waltari returned to more rock sound with albums like Rare Species and very successful Blood Sample.
Last two albums – Release Date and Below Zero are mainly focused on heavy sound with bits of progressive rock.
Monk-Punk - 1991
Torcha! -
So Fine! -
Big Bang - 1995
Space Avenue - 1997
Radium Round - 1999
Rare Species - 2004
Blood Sample - 2005
Release Date - 2007
Below Zero - 2009
Covers All - The 25th Anniversary Album - 2011
The capital of Brazil is Brasília, a planned city that was built to be the capital of the country.
Before that, Brazil had two other capital cities: Salvador (1549–1763) and Rio de Janeiro (1763–1960).
Salvador was established in 1549 by Thome da Sousa.
It became the capital of Brazil.
The Portuguese colonial administration moved south to Rio de Janeiro in 1763.
Rio was the capital of the Viceroyalty of Brazil.
In 1807 the Portuguese royal family fled Lisbon when Napoleon I of France invaded Portugal.
The Portuguese royal capital was temporarily moved from Europe to Rio de Janeiro.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a serious health condition that gets worse over time.
In this disease, the body’s natural guard against illness (the immune system) damages fatty coverings called myelin sheaths around the nerve cells (neurons) in the central nervous system (CNS).
The disease has different effects in different people, and can make people’s bodies, eyesight, speech, and minds work poorly.
People with MS do not normally live as long as healthy people.
In healthy people, myelin sheaths help neurons work.
Electric signals in neurons move quickly through long, narrow axons like electricity in a wire.
The myelin is like the insulator around the wire that keeps the signal strong by keeping it from moving out of the wire before the end.
In people with MS, infiltration of immune cells causes inflammation within the CNS resulting in the loss of the protective insulator, called "demyelination."
The progressive loss of the myelin sheath, as well as the loss of myelin-producing cells, impair the ability of the body to regrow its myelin.
Without the protective covering, the signals between neurons do not travel well.
Because of this, the mind and body cannot work like they normally do.
A person’s genetics (the qualities they are born with)
Too few vitamins in the body
Too much stress in a person’s life
Smoking cigars or cigarettes
Being ill many times as a child
Research about the causes of MS is still incomplete.
Some scientists think that a relatively unknown pathogen called Chlamydia pneumoniae may cause MS.
Also, some viruses can cause myelin damage, there are other viruses that have been shown to make people more likely to get MS.
Even though scientists and doctors have theories, no one has found one cause that explains every case of the disease.
Quite a few forms of MS exist, which can create difficulty in deciding how to manage the illness.
The disease damages myelin.
Sometimes, the body can do limited repairs to myelin.
When this happens, symptoms (the problems caused by the disease) go away for a short time.
This is called remission.
When the body attacks the myelin again, the symptoms return and this is called relapse.
The type of MS that has remissions and relapses is called Remitting-Relapsing MS.
In less common cases, the body continues attacking myelin and the symptoms get worse rapidly, a form called "Primary Progressive MS".
Sometimes a combination of the two types of disease can occur simultaneously.
People with MS have many problems.
Their muscles are usually weak, they may shake uncontrollably, they have trouble moving, and they have trouble balancing.
People with MS often feel a great amount of pain and tire easily.
Their speech and sight sometimes become very poor.
Thinking and solving problems is more difficult for people with MS than for healthy people.
Inside the body, MS causes damage that cannot be seen or measured without special medical equipment.
The immune system attacks either the fatty parts of the myelin or the protein parts of the myelin.
The body may also attack the cells that produce the myelin sheath, called glial cells.
When myelin is damaged or missing, large areas of axons affected by the damage are visible as scars or lesions in the central nervous system tissue that build up with repeated repair attempts by the body over time.
Lesions appear in different areas of the central nervous system depending on what form of MS a person has.
Inflammation is an important part of MS symptoms.
Inflammation occurs whenever an injury or illness is detected by the body.
It is the first part of an immune system response.
In MS patients, inflammation against myelin causes swelling and other harmful effects in the nervous system.
Inflammation can happen due to infection by Chlamydia Pneumoniae.
People with MS
The people who get MS are usually between 20 and 40 years old, although it can happen to older or, very rarely, younger people too.
MS is significantly more common in areas of the world that are far away from the equator.
Areas far from the equator get less sunlight than areas near the equator, and the human body requires sunlight to make vitamin D for itself.
This observation supports the idea that MS is caused partly by too little vitamin D. People who move from one part of the world to another when they are children are more likely to develop MS than people who do not move long distances until later in life or who never move long distances.
To diagnose MS, or to tell if a person has it, a doctor will determine what kind of symptoms are present and how often they occur.
The most common guidelines used for this are called the McDonald criteria, which define the symptoms of MS and how often they must occur in order to make a diagnosis.
A doctor can also order tests to be done by a laboratory, which can determine how active the immune system is in the patient.
A special machine called an MRI can photograph the inside of the central nervous system to show if the person has lesions from damaged myelin.
Certain types of neurons can be checked to see how responsive they are.
Neurons with damaged myelin around their axons will respond more slowly than normal neurons.
Once a person is diagnosed with MS, a doctor can help ease the symptoms.
Scientists have not yet found a way to cure MS, or take it away entirely.
The form of MS that comes and goes regularly can be treated more easily than other forms.
Some treatments are used only during attacks to make the attacks easier on the patient or to help recovery after the attacks are over.
Other treatments are used all the time to help make attacks happen less often.
These kinds of treatments are usually injections or infusions directly into veins, but newer treatments can be taken daily by mouth instead.
Some people seek other treatments outside of usual medicine, but these have not been shown in scientific studies to be effective.
Multiple sclerosis -Citizendium
Adabel Guerrero is an Argentine professional theatre dancer, actress and vedette.
She is of Ukrainian and Spaniard descent.
Guerrero was in Dancing with the Stars in Argentina competing together with professional dancer Martin Whitecamp.
They were eliminated by 41.28% of the public vote.
In 2008 Guerrero modeled for Maxim in Argentina for the March cover.
In 2008 Guerrero modeled for Maxim in Argentina for the July cover.
In 2009 Guerrero modeled for Maxim in Argentina for the January cover.
In 2010 Guerrero modeled for Playboy in Argentina for the cover of March.
In November 3, 2011 Guerrero taped a video with the band Banda XXI of her dancing & singing to their song "Bam Bam".
In November 2011 Guerrero created a portfolio of her named "Dulce Rock".
Photos taken by Aníbal Pérez and clothing by Marta Trobbiani and Gisela Sabino.
"Julio Bocca, Maximiliano Guerra, Hernán Piquín ... They are the highest in Argentina, each with their own style.
Maxi, more manly, more land, and Julio and Piquín more princely, more aerial.
There is no first or second, they are different from each other.
They have broken their souls to get where they are now."
"To me, dancing transports me, its an absolute passion.
Dancing is the best,its orgasmic."
Argentine models
Sir Walter Raleigh (c. 1554–29 October 1618) was an English aristocrat, writer, poet, soldier, spy, and explorer.
He helped make tobacco popular in England, especially among people in the royal court.
Raleigh was born to a Protestant family in East Budleigh, in Devon, the son of Walter Raleigh and Catherine Champernowne.
Walter Raleigh was married to a woman called Elizabeth Throckmorten.
He had 3 sons named Damerei Raleigh, Walter Raleigh and Carew Raleigh.
In 1594, Raleigh heard of a "City of Gold" in South America and sailed to find it, writing an exaggerated story of his trip in a book.
He explored North Carolina all the way down to Florida.
This book made people believe in the legend of "El Dorado".
After Queen Elizabeth died in 1603, Raleigh was put in prison because he was accused of trying to overthrow King James I, who did not like Raleigh.
In 1616, he was released to go look for El Dorado again.
This was unsuccessful, and Raleigh's men attacked a Spanish outpost.
He returned to England.
The Spanish were upset, so to calm them, England arrested Raleigh and executed him by beheading (decapitation) on 29 October 1618.
The rings of Uranus are planetary rings (circles of rock and dust) that go around the planet Uranus.
There are 11 rings in total.
In order of increasing distance from Uranus, they are: 1986U2R/ζ, 6, 5, 4, α, β, η, γ, δ, λ, ε, ν and μ.
Nine rings were found on 10 March 1977 by James L. Elliot, Edward W. Dunham and Douglas J. Mink.
Scientists found two more rings in 1986 in images from the Voyager 2 spacecraft and two outer rings in 2003–2005 in images from the Hubble Space Telescope.
Most of the rings are only a few kilometres wide and are very dark.
Most rings are made of rocks 0.2–20 meters wide.
But some rings are made of very small dust particles.
The closest ring is 38,000 km away from the center of Uranus and the furthest ring is 98,000 km away.
Scientists think that the rings are at not more than 600 million years old.
The ring system was created when several moons crashed together.
After crashing, the moons broke up into many pieces and made rings.
People may discover more rings.
Uranus (planet)
An R rating is a rating given to multimedia.
It usually means that people under the age of 17 require an accompanying parent or adult guardian in order to watch it.
The rating means different things in different countries:
R rating, a rating of the Canadian Home Video Rating System
R rating, a rating of the Motion Picture Association of America film rating system
R rating, a rating of the Office of Film and Literature Classification in Australia
R18 certificate, a rating by the British Board of Film Classification usually for pornography
Excision (real name: Jeff Abel) (born 1986 in Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada) is a dubstep DJ and music boss.
His signature sound takes influence from the morphing basslines of the drum and bass genre, the aggressive energy of heavy metal, and the laid back vibes of hip hop.
Excision is also cited as being one of the first dubstep producers and DJs in North America, he has also played a significant role in the genre's growth in popularity.
His first release was in 2007.
Excision was asked by Pendulum to remix their 2009 single “Showdown.”
His musical recordings from the Shambhala Music Festival in 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011 have also received over a million downloads which are available for free.
He is known to work frequently with fellow Canadian producers Datsik and Downlink.
he is also bad ass
Excision's Official website
People from Kelowna
Populus is a genus of trees common in the northern hemisphere.
They are commonly called poplars.
The genus has 25–35 species in three sub-groups, commonly called poplars, aspens, and cottonwoods.
In the September 2006 issue of Science, it was announced that the Western Balsam Poplar (P. trichocarpa) was the first tree to have its full DNA code sequenced.
The flowers are mostly dioecious (rarely monoecious) and appear in early spring before the leaves.
They are borne in long, drooping catkins.
The male flowers have a group of 4–60 stamens on a disk.
The female flower is a single-celled ovary in a cup-shaped disk.
Pollination is by wind.
The fruit is a two to four-valved capsule, green to reddish-brown, mature in mid summer.
It contains tiny light brown seeds surrounded by tufts of long, soft, white hairs which help wind dispersal.
Poplars of the cottonwood section are often wetlands or riparian trees.
The aspens are among the most important boreal broadleaf trees.
Poplars and aspens are important food plants for the larvae of a large number of Lepidoptera species.
Pleurotus populinus, the aspen oyster mushroom, is found exclusively on dead wood of Populus trees in North America.
Equilibrium constant is a mathematical quantity which expresses the relationship between products and reactants of a reaction at equilibrium with respect to a specific unit.
In other words, equilibrium constant is the reaction quotient of a chemical reaction at chemical equilibrium.
The equilibrium constant can help us to understand whether the reaction tends to have a higher concentration of products or reactants at equilibrium.
We can also use to Equilibrium constant determine if the reaction is already at equilibrium.
There are several different types of equilibrium constants that provide relationships between the products and the reactants of a chemical reaction at chemical equilibrium in terms of different units.
Dissociation constants can be used as an example.
Equilibrium constant of a reaction
where {A} is the activity of the chemical species A, etc. (
activity is a dimensionless quantity).
It is conventional to put the activities of the products in the numerator and those of the reactants in the denominator.
For equilibria in solution, activity is the product of concentration and activity coefficient.
Most chemists determine equilibrium constants in a solution with a high ionic strength.
In high strength solutions, the quotient of activity coefficients changes very little.
So, the equilibrium constant is defined as a concentration quotient:
However, the value of Kc will depend on the ionic strength. (
The square brackets mean the concentration of A, B and so on.)
This is a simple idea.
In an equilibrium, atoms can combine or break apart because the reaction can work in both directions.
For the reaction to work, all of the parts must be present to combine.
This is more likely to happen if the reactants have a higher concentration.
So, the concentrations of all the necessary pieces are multiplied together to get the probability that they will be in the same place for the reaction.
(If the reaction requires two molecules of a particular compound, then the concentration of that compound is squared.)
Going the other way, all of the concentrations of those necessary pieces are multiplied together to get the probability that they will be in the same place to react in the opposite direction.
The ratio between those two numbers represents how popular each side of the reaction will be when equilibrium is reached.
An equilibrium constant of 1 means that both sides are equally popular.
Chemists perform experiments to measure the equilibrium constant of various reactions.
There is a relation between Gibbs free energy () and Equilibrium constant which is,
Here,  is the universal gas constant and  is the temperature.
Relation between  and
From ideal gas law, we know that,
So, concentration (as, concentration ),
Here,  is pressure,  is volume,  is the number of moles of gas,  is the universal gas constant and  is the temperature.
Here,  is the partial pressure of .
Here,  is the equilibrium constant in terms of partial pressure.
So, the relation between  and  is,
Here,  the number of moles of gas on the product side minus the number of moles of gas on the reactant side in the balanced reaction
Science Aid: Equilibrium Constants Explanation of Kc and Kp for High School level
Derivation intuition
Edward Durell Stone (March 9, 1902 – August 6, 1978) was an American architect.
He is most known for designing buildings with modernist style between 1950-1960s.
Radio City Music Hall and the Center Theater, in Rockefeller Center, New York City, (He was senior designer working for the Rockefeller Center Associated Architects with Donald Deskey and Eugene Schoen, interior designers, 1932)
Richard H. Mandel House, Bedford Hills, New York (with Donald Deskey, interior designer, 1933)
Mepkin Plantation for Mr. and Mrs. Henry R. Luce, (now known as Mepkin Abbey), Monck's Corner, South Carolina (1936)
Museum of Modern Art, New York City, (with Philip S. Goodwin, 1937)
A. Conger Goodyear House, Old Westbury, New York (1938)
Ingersoll Steel, Utility Unit House, Kalamazoo, Michigan (1946)
El Panama Hotel, Panama City, Panama (1946)
Fine Arts Center, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas (1948)
United States Embassy, New Delhi, India (1954)
Phoenicia Hotel, Beirut, Lebanon (1954, changed in 1997)
Stanford Medical Center, Palo Alto, California (1955)
Bruno & Josephine Graf Residence, Dallas, Texas (1956)
Main Library and Mitchell Park Branch Library, Palo Alto, California (1956) The Mitchell Park Branch was torn down (demolished) in 2010.
Edward Durell Stone Townhouse, 130 East 64th Street, New York City (1956)
Stuart Pharmaceutical Co., Pasadena, California (1956, partially demolished)
U.S. Pavilion at the Expo 58, Brussels, Belgium (1957, partially demolished)
First Unitarian Society Church, Schenectady, New York (1958)
Gallery of Modern Art, including the Huntington Hartford Collection (now known as Museum of Arts & Design), New York City (1958.
The building was changed a lot in 2006)
International Trade Mart (now known as World Trade Center of New Orleans), New Orleans, Louisiana (1959)
Robert M. Hughes Memorial Library, Norfolk, Virginia (1959)
Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, California (1959)
North Carolina State Legislative Building, Raleigh, North Carolina (1960)
Beckman Auditorium, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California (1960)
National Geographic Society Building, Washington, D.C. (1961)
Ponce Museum of Art, Ponce, Puerto Rico (1961)
Windham College (now known as Landmark College), Putney, Vermont (1961)
State University of New York at Albany, Albany, New York (1962)
John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, Washington, D.C. (1962)
Prince George's Center (now known as University Town Center), Hyattsville, Maryland (1962)
Busch Memorial Stadium, St. Louis, Missouri (1962, demolished 2005)
WAPDA House {Water and Power Development Authority}, Lahore, Pakistan (1962)
Stuhr Museum of the Prairie Pioneer, Grand Island, Nebraska (1963)
Claremont School of Theology, Claremont, California (1963)
Davenport Public Library, Davenport, Iowa(1964)
General Motors Building, New York City (1964)
Von KleinSmid Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (c. 1965)
Garden State Arts Center (now known as PNC Bank Arts Center), Holmdel, New Jersey (1965)
Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, (1965)
Georgetown University Law Center Bernard P. McDonough Hall, Washington, D.C. (1966)
W.E.B. DuBois Library, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts (1966)
Fort Worth City Hall, Fort Worth, Texas (1967)
PepsiCo World Headquarters Complex, Purchase, New York (1967)
Jefferson County Civic Center, Pine Bluff, Arkansas (1968)
Worcester Science Museum (now known as the EcoTarium), Worcester, Massachusetts, (1964, changed in 1998)
Standard Oil Building (now known as Aon Center), Chicago, Illinois (1972)
Scripps Green Hospital, La Jolla, California (1974)
First Bank Building (now known as First Canadian Place), Toronto, Ontario (1975)
Babin Kuk Resort, Dubrovnik, Croatia (1976)
Valamar Dubrovnik President Hotel, Dubrovnik, Croatia (by Edward Durell Stone Associates, 1976)
Florida State Capitol, Tallahassee, Florida (1977)
University of Alabama School of Law, Tuscaloosa, Alabama (1977)
Museum of Anthropology, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico (by Edward Durell Stone Associates, 1986)
Doctor of Fine Arts, University of Arkansas, 1951
Doctor of Fine Arts, Colby College, 1959
Master of Fine Arts, Otis Art Institute of Los Angeles County, 1961
Doctor of Fine Arts, Hamilton College, 1962
Doctor of Humane Letters, University of South Carolina, 1964
Memberships and honors
Medal of Honor, New York Chapter of the American Institute of Architects, 1955
American Institute of Architects, Fellow, 1958
National Institute of Arts & Letters, Member, 1958
National Urban League, Trustee, 1958
American Academy of Arts & Sciences, Fellow, 1960
American Federation of Arts, Trustee, 1960
Royal Society of Arts, Fellow, 1960
National Institute of Social Sciences, Gold Medal, 1961
Building Stone Institute, Architect of the Year, 1964
Horatio Alger Award, 1971
Commendatore Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana [Commander, Order of Merit of the Italian Republic], 1971
Architectural awards
Silver Medal, Architectural League of New York, 1937 - Guest House for Henry R. Luce, Mepkin Plantation, Moncks Corner, South Carolina
Silver Medal, Architectural League of New York, 1950 - A. Conger Goodyear Residence, Old Westbury, New York
Gold Medal, Architectural League of New York, 1950 - Museum of Modern Art, New York City, New York (Philip Goodwin, Associate)
Gold Medal, Architectural League of New York, 1950 - El Panama Hotel, Panama City, Panama
Honorable Mention, Architectural League of New York, 1952 - University of Arkansas Fine Arts Center, Fayetteville, Arkansas
Honor Award, American Institute of Architects, 1952 - University of Arkansas Medical Center, Little Rock, Arkansas
First Honor Award, American Institute of Architects, 1958 - Stuart Pharmaceutical Co., Pasadena, California
Award of Merit, American Institute of Architects, 1958 - U.S. Pavilion, Brussels, Belgium
First Honor Award, American Institute of Architects, 1961 - U.S. Embassy, New Delhi, India
Award of Merit, American Institute of Architects, 1963 - Community Hospital of the Monterey Peninsula, Carmel, California
First Honor Award, American Institute of Architects and American Library Association,  1963 - University of South Carolina Undergraduate Library, Columbia, South Carolina
Honor Award, American Institute of Architects, 1967 - Ponce Museum of Art, Ponce, Puerto Rico
Everett, Derek R.  "Modern Statehouses for Modern States: Edward Durell Stone's Capitol Architecture in North Carolina and Florida."
Southern Historian, Vol.
28 (Spring 2007): pp.
74–91.
Head, Jeffrey. "
Unearthing Stone."
Metropolis magazine, Urban Journal, January 2008.
Hunting, Mary Anne. "
Edward Durell Stone, Perception and Criticism."
PhD diss.,
Graduate Center, City University of New York, 2007.
From Craft to Industry: Furniture Designed by Edward Durell Stone for Senator Fulbright."
The Magazine Antiques, Vol.
165, No.
5 (May 2004): pp.
110–121.
Living with Antiques: The Richard H. Mandel House in Bedford Hills, New York."
160, No.
1 (July 2001): pp.
Ricciotti, Dominic.
"Edward Durell Stone and the International Style in America: Houses of the 1930s."
American Art Journal, Vol.
3 (Summer 1988): pp.
48–73.
Ricciotti, Dominic. “
The 1939 Building of the Museum of Modern Art: The Goodwin-Stone Collaboration.”
3 (Summer 1985): pp.
51–76.
Stone, Edward Durell.
Edward Durell Stone: Recent and Future Architecture.
New York: Horizon Press, 1967.
The Evolution of An Architect.
New York: Horizon Press, 1962.
Williams, John G. The Curious and the Beautiful.
Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press, 1984.
People from Fayetteville, Arkansas
Bashar al-Assad (born 11 September 1965) is the president of Syria and the head of the Ba'ath Party in Syria.
Assad has held these positions since the death of his father Hafez al-Assad (1930-2000), who had ruled Syria since 1971.
Bashar al-Assad was elected in 2000, and re-elected in 2007.
He was unopposed each time because no-one else was allowed to stand against him.
Assad was born on 11 September 1965 in Damascus, Syria to Hafez al-Assad and Anisa Makhlouf.
He had two brothers, Bassel al-Assad and Shabbih Maher al-Assad, and one sister, Bushra al-Assad.
Bashar was quiet and reserved and was not interested in politics or the military.
Assad studied medicine at the University of Damascus and graduated in 1988.
He then studied ophthalmology at a military hospital, and in 1992 studied at the Western Eye Hospital in London.
His father wanted Assad's elder brother Bassel to succeed him as leader of Syria.
Bassel died in a car accident in 1994, and Assad returned home to Syria.
He went to a military academy at Homs, and became a colonel after only five years.
He worked as an adviser to his father.
When Bashar's father died, the government changed the constitution.
Under Syrian law the president had to be at least 40 years old.
With the law changed, Assad was able to be elected President of Syria in June 2000.
He was also made commander-in-chief of the armed forces, and leader of the Ba'ath Party which has ruled Syria since 1961.
Syrian Civil War
Large protests began in January 2011.
The protesters wanted political reforms, an end to the state of emergency (which had been in place since 1963), and the return of civil rights.
The protests in March were the largest to take place, and the government used violence against the protestors.
The United States placed sanctions against the Assad government in April 2011.
Canada and the European Union also placed sanctions against the government in May 2011.
In June 2011, Assad promised reform, a new parliarmentary election, and more freedoms.
He also urged refugees to return to Syria.
In January 2012, Assad gave a speech in which he claimed that the uprising was being engineered by foreign countries.
He said that a new referendum could be held in March.
The referendum was held in February 2012.
The referendum would change the term limits of future Syrian presidents.
It passed with 90% support.
The U.S. and Turkey did not accept the results.
The European Union pushed new sanctions on the government.
In June 2012, the ICRC announced that Syria was in a civil war.
The national death toll on both sides reached 20,000.
In 2014 and 2015, he began to lose some support from the Alawite community.
This was because an unequal number of soldiers killed in the conflict were Alawites.
In September 2015, Russia got involved in the Syrian Civil War.
President of Russia Vladimir Putin said that Russia's goal in Syria is to "stabilis[e] the legitimate power in Syria and creat[e] the conditions for political compromise."
In November 2015, Assad said that the two months of Russian intervention had accomplished more than the U.S.-led coalition had done in a year.
After the election of Donald Trump, the U.S. no longer wished to remove Assad from power.
That changed after the Khan Shaykhun chemical attack.
Donald Trump ordered missile strikes to hit a Syrian airbase.
Assad responded by saying that the United States's behaviour was an "unjust and arrogant aggression."
He also said that the Syrian army had given up all its chemical weapons in 2013.
He claimed that the chemical attack was a lie and was used to justify a U.S. airstrike.
Assad is married to Asma al-Akhras.
Together, they have three children; Hafez, Jr., Zein, and Karim al-Assad.
Biography , decrees , speeches , interviews , press releases
Profile  at the LookLex Encyclopedia
Syria’s Proxy Forces in Iraq, Al-Hayat (London), 12 April 2003 at Middle East Intelligence Bulletin
Profile: Syria's Bashar al-Assad BBC News, 10 March 2005
Bashar al-Assad's Lebanon Gamble, William Harris, Middle East Quarterly, Summer 2005
Assad on the Brink, David Hirst, The Nation, 21 November 2005
Syria's Leaders , Esther Pan, Council on Foreign Relations, 10 March 2006
Connecting the dots in Lebanon , Omar Raad, Ya Libnan Volunteer, 2 December 2006
The Assad Dynasty in Syria: From Father to Son, Kristin Helberg, Deutsche Welle, 2009 at qantara.de
Interview With Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, The Wall Street Journal, 31 January 2011
Profile: Bashar al-Assad, Al Jazeera English, 25 March 2011
France currently has five overseas departments (), which are departments (territorial divisions) that are outside the European part of the country.
All are officially part of France, with the same political status as the departments in Europe; and are therefore different to overseas territories.
They are also part of the European Union and use the Euro as currency.
Since 2003, these departments are now officially called overseas regions (), but this name has yet to be widely adopted.
Each region returns elected representatives to the Senate and National Assembly in Paris.