the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
1651 - Ehrenfried Walther von Tschirnhaus, German mathematician, physicist and historian (d. 1708)
1707 - Michel Corrette, French organist, composer, writer (d. 1795)
1713 - John Whitehurst, English clockmaker and scientist (d. 1788)
1735 - Button Gwinnett, signer of the United States Declaration of Independence (d. 1777)
1755 – Samuel Hahnemann, German physician, originator of homeopathy (d. 1843)
1762 - Giovanni Aldini, Italian physicist (d. 1834)
1766 - John Leslie, Scottish physicist (d. 1832)
1778 – William Hazlitt, English writer (d. 1830)
1783 – Hortense de Beauharnais, queen of Holland as wife of Louis Bonaparte (d. 1837)
1794 – Matthew Perry, American commodore (d. 1858)
1796 - James Bowie, American pioneer and soldier (d. 1836)
1801 - Paul Devaux, Belgian politician (d. 1880)
1817 - Konstantin Aksakov, Russian writer (d. 1860)
1827 - Lew Wallace, American lawyer, general and politician (d. 1905)
1829 – William Booth, founder of the Salvation Army (d. 1912)
1847 – Joseph Pulitzer, Hungarian-American journalist and publisher (d. 1911)
1864 - Eugen d'Albert, Scottish-born German composer (d. 1932)
1865 - Jack Miner, Canadian conservationist (d. 1944)
1867 – George William Russell, Irish nationalist (d. 1935)
1868 – George Arliss, British actor (d. 1946)
1870 (O.S.) - Vladimir Lenin, Premier of the Soviet Union (d. 1924)
1873 – Kyösti Kallio, President of Finland (d. 1940)
1877 - Alfred Kubin, American expressionist illustrator and writer (d. 1959)
1877 - Princess Maria Cristina of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (d. 1947)
1879 - Bernhard Gregory, Baltic German chess player (d. 1939)
1880 – Mohammed Nadir Shah, King of Afghanistan (d. 1933)
1880 – Montague Summers, English writer (d. 1948)
1882 – Frances Perkins, American politician (d. 1965)
1887 – Bernardo Houssay, Argentinian doctor, won the 1947 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1971)
1892 - Victor de Sabata, Italian conductor and composer (d. 1967)
1894 – Shri Ghanshyam Das Birla, Indian industrialist, Gandhian, and educator (d. 1983)
1897 - Prafulla Chandra Sen, Indian politician, Chief Minister of West Bengal (d. 1990)
1901 - Alexander Ireland, Scottish boxer (d. 1966)
1903 - Clare Turlay Newberry, American illustrator and author (d. 1970)
1906 - Steve Anderson, American hurdler (d. 1988)
1910 – Eddy Duchin, musician (d. 1951)
1911 - Maurice Schumann, French journalist and politician (d. 1998)
1912 - Boris Kidric, 1st Prime Minister of Slovenia (d. 1953)
1913 – Stefan Heym, German writer (d. 2001)
1915 – Harry Morgan, American actor (d. 2011)
1915 - Leo Vroman, Dutch-American hematologist, poet and illustrator (d. 2014)
1917 – Robert Burns Woodward, American chemist (d. 1979)
1919 - John Houbolt, American aerospace engineer (d. 2014)
1921 – Chuck Connors, American actor and baseball player (d. 1992)
1921 - Jake Warren, Canadian soldier and diplomat (d. 2008)
1921 – Sheb Wooley, American actor and singer (d. 2003)
1924 – Kenneth Noland, American painter (d. 2010)
1926 – Junior Samples, American country musician (d. 1983)
1926 - Jacques Castérède, French composer and pianist (d. 2014)
1927 – Marshall Warren Nirenberg, American biochemist, won the 1968 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 2010)
1929 – Max von Sydow, Swedish actor
1930 – Claude Bolling, French jazz composer and pianist
1930 - Spede Pasanen, Finnish comedian (d. 2001)
1930 - Ray Blanton, Governor of Tennessee (d. 1996)
1931 – Luis Cabral, 1st President of Guinea-Bissau (d. 2009)
1931 - René Follet, Belgian comic artist
1932 – Omar Sharif, Egyptian actor (d. 2015)
1932 - Mae Faggs, American athlete (d. 2000)
1934 – David Halberstam, American writer (d. 2007)
1934 – Vladimir Posner, Soviet journalist
1935 – Nicola Cabibbo, Italian physicist (d. 2010)
1936 – John Madden, American football coach and broadcaster
1937 – Bella Akhmadulina, Russian poet (d. 2010)
1938 – Don Meredith, American football player and broadcaster (d. 2010)
1938 - Frans van der Lugt, Dutch priest (d. 2014)
1939 - Penny Vincenzi, English writer (d. 2018)
1939 - Rocky Valance, Welsh singer
1940 - Gloria Hunniford, Northern Irish television and radio presenter
1941 – Paul Theroux, American writer
1943 – Andrzej Badeński, Polish athlete
1946 – David Angell, American television producer (d. 2001)
1946 - Bob Watson, American baseball player and executive
1947 – Bunny Wailer, Jamaican musician
1950 – Ken Griffey, Sr.,
American Major League Baseball player
1950 – Eddie Hazel, American guitarist (P-Funk and The Temptations) (d. 1992)
1952 - Narayan Rane, Indian politician, 16th Chief Minister of Maharashtra
1952 – Steven Seagal, American actor
1954 – Peter MacNicol, American actor
1954 - Paul Bearer, American professional wrestler and manager (d. 2013)
1955 – Lesley Garrett, British soprano
1957 - James D. Hudnall, American comic book writer (d. 2019)
1958 – Yefim Bronfman, Russian pianist
1958 – Kenneth "Babyface" Edmonds, music producer, musician, and movie producer
1959 - Stanislaw Tillich, German politician, former Prime Minister of Saxony
1960 – Brian Setzer, musician
1960 – Katrina Leskanich, American singer (Katrina and the Waves)
1960 – Afrika Bambaataa, American musician and activist
1961 - Nicky Campbell, Scottish television and radio presenter
1962 – Steve Tasker, American football player
1963 – Doris Leuthard, Swiss politician
1963 – Mark Oliver Everett, American musician
1965 – Tim Alexander, American musician
1966 - Steve Claridge, English footballer, manager and sportscaster
1968 – Orlando Jones, American actor, comedian
1970 – Kenny Lattimore, American singer
1970 - Q-Tip, American rapper and producer
1972 - Ed Byrne, Irish comedian
1973 – Roberto Carlos, Brazilian footballer
1973 - Aidan Moffat, British musician
1974 - Eric Greitens, American politician, 56th Governor of Missouri
1979 – Rachel Corrie, American activist, member of the International Solidarity Movement (d. 2003)
1979 – Tsuyoshi Domoto, Japanese artist
1979 – Sophie Ellis-Bextor, English singer
1979 – Shemekia Copeland, American singer
1980 – Charlie Hunnam, actor
1981 – Liz McClarnon, English singer (Atomic Kitten)
1981 - Gretchen Bleiler, American snowboarder
1981 - Alexei Semenov, Russian ice hockey player
1982 - Chyler Leigh, American actress, singer and model
1983 – Ryan Merriman, American actor
1983 - Hannes Sigurdsson, Icelandic footballer
1984 - Gonzalo Javier Rodriguez, Argentine footballer
1984 – Mandy Moore, American singer and actress
1985 - Willo Flood, Irish footballer
1986 – Vincent Kompany, Belgian footballer
1986 - Tore Reginiussen, Norwegian footballer
1987 – Hayley Westenra, New Zealand singer
1987 - Shay Mitchell, Canadian actress
1988 – Haley Joel Osment, American actor
1989 - Jenny Alm, Swedish handball player
1989 - Thomas Heurtel, French basketball player
1990 – Alex Pettyfer, English actor
1991 – Amanda Michalka, American actress and singer
1991 - Royce White, American basketball player
1992 - Sadio Mané, Senegalese footballer
1992 - Daisy Ridley, English actress
1994 - Nerlens Noel, American basketball player
1996 - Emily Rose Everhard, American actress
1996 - Loïc Nottet, Belgian singer
2007 – Princess Ariane of the Netherlands
879 – Louis the Stammerer, king of the West Franks (b. 846)
948 - Hugh of Italy
1216 - Eric X of Sweden (b. 1180)
1533 – Frederick I of Denmark (b. 1471)
1585 – Pope Gregory XIII (b. 1502)
1599 – Gabrielle d'Estrée, mistress of King Henry IV of France (b. 1571)
1646 - Santino Solari, Swiss architect and sculptor (b. 1576)
1756 - Giacomo Antonio Perti, Italian composer (b. 1661)
1786 - John Byron, English admiral and politician (b. 1723)
1813 – Joseph-Louis Lagrange, mathematician (b. 1736)
1821 - Patriarch Gregory V of Constantinople (b. 1746)
1823 - Karl Leonhard Reinhold, Austrian philosopher (b. 1757)
1862 – W.H.L. Wallace, Union brigadier general (b. 1821)
1871 - Lucio Norberto Mansilla, Argentine general and politician (b. 1789)
1882 – Dante Gabriel Rossetti, British poet, painter (b. 1828)
1904 - Isabella II of Spain (b. 1830)
1909 – Algernon Charles Swinburne, English poet (b. 1909)
1919 – Emiliano Zapata, Mexican revolutionary (b. 1879)
1920 - Moritz Cantor, German mathematician (b. 1829)
1931 – Khalil Gibran, Lebanese poet and painter (b. 1883)
1938 - Joe "King" Oliver, American jazz cornet player and bandleader (b. 1885)
1939 – Alfredo Panzini, Italian writer (b. 1863)
1945 – Charles Nordhoff, writer (b. 1887)
1954 – Auguste Lumière, French movie pioneer (b. 1862)
1955 - Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, French priest and philosopher (b. 1881)
1958 - Chuck Willis, American singer-songwriter (b. 1928)
1960 - André Berthomieu, French director and screenwriter (b. 1903)
1962 – Michael Curtiz, director (b. 1886)
1962 – Stuart Sutcliffe, British musician (The Beatles) (b. 1940)
1965 – Linda Darnell, actress (b. 1923)
1966 – Evelyn Waugh, English writer (b. 1903)
1968 – Gustavs Celmins, Latvian politician (b. 1899)
1969 – Harley J. Earl, American automobile designer
1975 – Josephine Baker, American dancer (b. 1906)
1975 – Marjorie Main, actress (b. 1890)
1979 – Nino Rota, Italian composer (b. 1911)
1980 – Kay Medford, American actress (b. 1914)
1986 – Linda Creed, American songwriter (b. 1948)
1991 – Kevin Peter Hall, American actor (b. 1955)
1991 – Natalie Schafer, American actress (b. 1900)
1992 – Sam Kinison, American comedian (b. 1953)
1992 - Peter D. Mitchell, British biochemist (b. 1920)
1993 – Chris Hani, South African activist (b. 1942)
1994 – Sam B. Hall, American politician (b. 1924)
1995 – Morarji Desai, Indian activist and politician, Prime Minister of India (b. 1896)
1995 – Guenther Guillaume, German spy (b. 1927)
1997 – Michael Dorris, American writer (b. 1945)
1998 - Archbishop Seraphim of Athens (b. 1913)
1999 – Heinz Fraenkel-Conrat, biochemist (b. 1910)
2000 – Peter Jones, comedian and scriptwriter (b. 1920)
2000 – Larry Linville, American actor (b. 1939)
2002 – Yuji Hyakutake, Japanese astronomer (b. 1950)
2003 – Little Eva, American singer (b. 1943)
2007 - Dakota Staton, American singer (b. 1930)
2010 – Dixie Carter, American actress (b. 1939)
2010 - Deaths in the 2010 Polish Tu-154 plane crash:
Ryszard Kaczorowski, Polish politician (b. 1919)
Lech Kaczynski, President of Poland (b. 1949)
Maria Kaczynska, First Lady of Poland (b. 1942)
Anna Walentynowicz, Polish activist (b. 1929)
Janusz Zakrzenski, Polish actor (b. 1936)
Jerzy Szmajdzinski, Polish politician (b. 1952)
2012 - Raymond Aubrac, French resistance activist (b. 1914)
2013 - Robert Edwards, British Nobel Prize-winning physiologist and IVF pioneer (b. 1925)
2014 - Dominique Baudis, French journalist and politician (b. 1947)
2014 - Jim Flaherty, Canadian politician (b. 1949)
2014 - Sue Townsend, English writer (b. 1946)
2014 - Joe Dini, American politician (b. 1929)
2014 - Justin Marie Bomboko, Congolese politician (b. 1928)
2014 - Anatoly Sukhorukov, Russian physicist (b. 1935)
2015 - Richie Benaud, Australian cricketer and commentator (b. 1930)
2015 - Peter Walsh, Australian politician (b. 1935)
2015 - Ray Graves, American football player and coach (b. 1918)
2015 - Jin Youzhi, Chinese royal (b. 1918)
2015 - Judith Malina, German-American actress (b. 1926)
2015 - Jim Mutscheller, American football player (b. 1930)
2016 - Howard Marks, British drug smuggler and author (b. 1945)
2016 - Louis Gladstone, American politician (b. 1927)
2017 - Arnold Clark, Scottish businessman (b. 1927)
2017 - J. Geils, American guitarist (b. 1946)
2017 - Linda Hopkins, American actress and singer (b. 1924)
2017 - Larry Sharpe, American professional wrestler (b. 1951)
2017 - Bab Christensen, Norwegian actress (b. 1928)
2017 - Dennis F. Kinlaw, American academic (b. 1922)
2017 - Kirill Kovaldzhi, Russian author, poet and critic (b. 1929)
2018 - F'Murr, French comic artist (b. 1946)
2018 - John Lambie, Scottish footballer (b. 1941)
2018 - Li Yaowen, Chinese general and politician (b. 1918)
2019 - Werner Bardenhewer, German priest and humanitarian (b. 1929)
2019 - Earl Thomas Conley, American country singer-songwriter (b. 1941)
2019 - Irwin L. Jacobs, American investor and businessman (b. 1941)
2019 - Estrella Zeledón Lizano, First Lady of Costa Rica (b. 1929)
672 – Adeodatus II is elected Pope.
1689 – William III and Mary II are crowned as joint monarchs of Scotland, England and Ireland.
1713 - War of the Spanish Succession - Treaty of Utrecht.
1775 – Germany's last witchcraft execution takes place.
1814 – Napoleon Bonaparte abdicates as Emperor of France, and is exiled on the island of Elba.
1856 - Battle of Rivas in Costa Rica: Juan Santamaria burns down the hostel where William Walker's filibusters are holed up.
1868 – Former Shogun Tokugawa Yoshinobu surrenders Edo Castle to Imperial forces, ending the Tokugawa Shogunate in Japan.
1909 - The city of Tel Aviv in present-day Israel is founded.
1912 – The RMS Titanic leaves Queenstown, Ireland, bound for New York City.
This was its last stop before its sinking.
1919 - The International Labour Organization is founded.
1921 - Emir Abdullah establishes the first centralized government the newly created British protectorate of Transjordan.
1945 – Buchenwald Concentration Camp is liberated.
1951 – General Douglas MacArthur is relieved of his duties by US President Harry S. Truman.
1951 – The Stone of Scone, on which Scottish monarchs were crowned, is found in Arbroath, after it had been taken from Westminster Abbey by Scottish nationalist students.
It is later officially returned to Scotland in 1996.
1954 – April 11, 1954 is allegedly the most boring day of the 20th century.
1955 - The Air India Kashmir Princess aircraft is bombed and crashes in a failed assassination attempt on Zhou Enlai by the Kuomintang.
1957 - The United Kingdom agrees to Singaporean self-rule.
1961 – Nazi war criminal Adolf Eichmann is put on trial.
1965 - 56 tornadoes hit six Midwestern US States, killing 256 people.
1968 – German activist Rudi Dutschke is shot.
This indirectly leads to his death of an epileptic fit in 1979.
1970 – Apollo 13 launches with astronauts James Lovell, John Swigert and Fred Haise on board.
1976 - The Apple I is created.
1979 – Tanzanian troops enter Kampala, as Ugandan dictator Idi Amin flees.
1981 – Brixton riot One of three riots in Brixton, London happened on this day.
1983 - Richard Attenborough's movie Gandhi wins eight awards at the 54th Academy Awards.
1985 – Albania's head of state Enver Hoxha dies, and is succeeded by Ramiz Alia.
1987 - The London Agreement is secretly signed between Israels then-foreign minister Shimon Peres and King Hussein of Jordan.
1989 - Ron Hextall becomes the first goaltender in NHL history to score a goal in the play-offs.
1996 - A fire at Düsseldorf Airport in Germany kills 17 people.
2001 – In an association football match, Australia beats American Samoa 31-0, setting a record for an international match in the sport.
2002 – Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez is briefly removed from office in a US-backed coup, but is soon reinstated.
2006 – Italian crime boss Bernardo Provenzano is arrested.
2006 - President of Iran Mahmoud Ahmadinejad announces that his country has enriched uranium.
2006 - Ehud Olmert officially becomes Prime Minister of Israel, as Ariel Sharon is unable to continue in this role after a stroke three months earlier.
2007 – A terrorist bombing occurs in Algiers.
2011 – In Ivory Coast, the political crisis comes to an end after Laurent Gbagbo is arrested in Abidjan, with Alassane Ouattara becoming the next President.
2011 - The Minsk Metro is bombed, killing 15 people.
2012 – Two earthquakes, including one of magnitude 8.2, strike off Sumatra, causing a tsunami alert.
2018 - An Algerian military plane crashes shortly after take-off, killing 257 people.
2019 - India's 2019 general election begins; lasting over six weeks, it is the world's biggest democratic process.
2019 - Ecuador removes the asylum it gave to WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange at its embassy in London, leading to his arrest after seven years spent there.
2019 - President of Sudan Omar al-Bashir is removed from power by the military, after a series of protests against his rule.
146 – Septimius Severus, Roman Emperor (d. 211)
1184 - William of Winchester, Duke of Lüneburg (d. 1213)
1348 - Andronikos IV Palaiologus, Emperor of the Byzantine Empire (d. 1385)
1357 – King John I of Portugal (d. 1433)
1370 - Frederick I, Elector of Saxony (d. 1428)
1373 – Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March (d. 1398)
1492 – Margaret of Navarre, Queen of Navarre and writer (d. 1549)
1493 - George I, Duke of Pomerania (d. 1531)
1568 – Marin Getaldić, Croatian physicist and astronomer (d. 1626)
1592 - John Eliot, English statesman (d. 1632)
1715 - John Alcock, English organist and composer (d. 1806)
1723 – Franz Anton Bustelli, porcelain moulder (d. 1763)
1749 - Adelaide Labille-Guiard, French painter (d. 1803)
1755 – James Parkinson, English physician (d. 1824)
1770 – George Canning, shortest-serving Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1827)
1790 - George Rockingham Gilmer, Governor of Georgia (d. 1859)
1794 - Edward Everett, 16th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1865)
1798 - Macedonio Melloni, Italian physicist (d. 1854)
1806 - Pierre Guillaume Frédéric Le Play, French engineer and social reformer (d. 1882)
1806 - George Thorn Sr.,
Australian politician (d. 1876)
1810 – Sir Henry Creswicke Rawlinson, soldier and orientalist (d. 1895)
1819 – Charles Hallé, pianist and conductor (d. 1895)
1822 - James Esmond, Irish-Australian gold prospector and miner (d. 1890)
1824 - Johanna von Puttkamer, wife of Otto von Bismarck (d. 1894)
1825 – Ferdinand Lassalle, German politician (d. 1864)
1827 - Mahatma Jyotirau Phule, Indian social reformer (d. 1890)
1832 - Helena Scott, Australian artist and naturalist (d. 1910)
1837 - Marshall Burdekin, Australian politician, Treasurer of New South Wales (d. 1886)
1845 - Thomas O'Callaghan, Australian police officer (d. 1931)
1856 - Sydney Smith, Australian politician (d. 1934)
1856 - Arthur Shrewsbury, English cricketer (d. 1903)
1862 – Charles Evans Hughes, American jurist and politician, United States Secretary of State (d. 1948)
1862 - William Wallace Campbell, American astronomer (d. 1938)
1864 - Johanna Elberskirchen, German feminist (d. 1943)
1866 - Bernard O'Dowd, Australian poet, activist, lawyer and journalist (d. 1953)
1869 – Kasturba Gandhi, Indian activist and pacifist (d. 1944)
1869 – Gustav Vigeland, Norwegian sculptor (d. 1943)
1871 - Gyula Kellner, Hungarian athlete (d. 1946)
1874 - David Murray Anderson, British Governor and naval officer, 66th Governor of Newfoundland and 28th Governor of New South Wales (d. 1936)
1876 - Ivane Javakishvili, Georgian historian (d. 1940)
1879 - Bernhard Schmidt, Estonian-German astronomer (d. 1935)
1883 – Hozumi Shigeto, Japanese writer (d. 1951)
1889 – Nick LaRocca, jazz musician (d. 1961)
1890 - Rachele Mussolini, Italian writer and wife of Benito Mussolini (d. 1979)
1893 – Dean Acheson, United States Secretary of State (d. 1971)
1894 - Frank Berryman, Australian army officer and general (d. 1981)
1896 – Wieland Herzfelde, publisher and writer (d. 1989)
1898 - Robert Monahan, Australian lawyer and judge (d. 1975)
1899 - Norman Nock, Australian businessman and politician, 63rd Lord Mayor of Sydney (d. 1990)
1900 – Sándor Márai, Hungarian writer (d. 1989)
1901 - Arnold Matters, Australian operatic baritone (d. 1990)
1903 - Hazel Claire Weekes, Australian physician and health writer (d. 1990)
1904 - Cyril Pearl, Australian journalist, editor, author, social historian and television personality (d. 1987)
1906 – Dale Messick, American cartoonist (d. 2005)
1906 - Masaru Ibaka, Japanese businessman (d. 1997)
1908 – Leo Rosten, humorist, writer (d. 1997)
1910 – António de Spínola, Portuguese politician (d. 1996)
1911 – Leopold Hawelka, Austrian cafetier (d. 2011)
1911 – Stanislawa Walasiewicz, Polish-American runner (d. 1980)
1913 – Oleg Cassini, French-American fashion designer (d. 2006)
1914 - Norman McLaren, Scottish-Canadian animator, director and producer (d. 1987)
1914 - Robert Stanfield, 17th Premier of Nova Scotia (d. 2003)
1916 – Alberto Ginastera, Argentine composer (d. 1983)
1918 - Jean-Claude Servan-Schreiber, French journalist and politician (d. 2018)
1919 - Raymond Carr, English historian (d. 2015)
1920 - Emilio Colombo, 40th Prime Minister of Italy (d. 2013)
1920 – Marlen Haushofer, writer (d. 1990)
1925 - Yuriy Lituyev, Russian hurdler (d. 2000)
1925 - George Shuffler, American musician (d. 2014)
1926 - David Manker Abshire, former United States Ambassador to NATO (d. 2014)
1928 – Ethel Kennedy, wife of Robert F. Kennedy
1928 - Edwin Pope, American journalist (d. 2017)
1930 – Anton LaVey, founder of the Church of Satan (d. 1997)
1930 - Nicholas F. Brady, 68th United States Secretary of the Treasury
1931 - Koichi Sugiyama, Japanese composer
1931 - Sergio Sebastiani, Italian cardinal
1931 – Johnny Sheffield, American actor (d. 2010)
1932 – Joel Grey, singer, actor, and dancer
1933 – Tony Brown, American journalist, broadcaster
1934 - Mark Strand, Canadian-American poet (d. 2014)
1935 – Richard Berry, American singer and composer (d. 1997)
1937 - Jill Gascoine, British actress and novelist
1938 – Kurt Moll, German bass (d. 2017)
1939 – Louise Lasser, American actress
1941 - Wang Jun, Chinese business executive (d. 2019)
1941 - D. Babu Paul, Indian civil servant (d. 2019)
1941 - Shirley Stelfox, English actress (d. 2015)
1942 - Anatoly Berezovoy, Russian cosmonaut (d. 2014)
1944 – John Milius, American director and writer
1944 - Nicoletta, French singer
1945 - John Krebs, Baron Krebs, English zoologist and academic
1945 - Winston Peters, New Zealand politician, Deputy prime minister of New Zealand
1946 - Chris Burden, American sculptor, illustrator and academic (d. 2015)
1946 – Bob Harris, British disc jockey and presenter
1947 – Peter Riegert, American actor
1947 – Meshach Taylor, American actor (d. 2014)
1949 – Bernd Eichinger, German movie producer (d. 2011)
1950 - Bill Irwin, American actor
1951 – Doris McGowen Beck Angleton, American socialite (d. 1997)
1951 – James Patrick Kelly, American writer
1953 – Andrew Wiles, British mathematician
1953 – Guy Verhofstadt, former Prime Minister of Belgium
1954 – Abdullah Atalar, Turkish academic
1955 - Rohini Hattangadi, Indian actress
1955 – Kevin Brady, American politician
1955 - Michael Ray Richardson, American basketball player
1955 – Julie Czerneda, writer
1955 – Michael Callen, American singer and songwriter (d. 1993)
1955 - Piers Sellers, British astronaut (d. 2016)
1957 - Richard Sevigny, Canadian ice hockey player
1957 – Marina Fitch, writer
1958 – Stuart Adamson, British musician (Big Country) (d. 2001)
1958 – Luísa Diogo, former Prime Minister of Mozambique
1958 - Peter Skipper, English footballer (d. 2019)
1959 - Pierre Lacroix, Canadian ice hockey player
1960 – Jeremy Clarkson, English journalist and television presenter
1961 – Doug Hopkins, American musician (d. 1993)
1961 - Vincent Gallo, American actor, singer, director, producer and screenwriter
1964 - John Cryer, English journalist and politician
1965 - Corri Wilson, Scottish politician
1966 – Lisa Stansfield, English singer
1966 – Mason Reese, American actor
1968 – Sergey Lukyanenko, Russian science fiction writer
1969 - Caren Miosga, German news presenter
1969 - Cerys Matthews, Welsh singer
1969 - Oriol Junqueras, Catalan politician, historian and academic
1970 - Trevor Linden, Canadian ice hockey player
1970 – Whigfield, Danish singer
1971 – Oliver Riedel, German musician (Rammstein)
1972 - Balls Mahoney, American professional wrestler (d. 2016)
1972 – Jason Varitek, American baseball player
1973 - Jennifer Esposito, American actress
1974 - Mario Cantaluppi, Swiss footballer
1974 - Tricia Helfer, Canadian model and actress
1974 - Zoe Lucker, British actress
1974 – Trot Nixon, American baseball player
1976 – Antonio Pacheco, Uruguayan footballer
1978 - Tom Thacker, Canadian singer and musician
1979 - Nazanin Afshin-Jam, Iranian-Canadian model and singer
1979 - Malcolm Christie, English footballer
1980 – Keiji Tamada, Japanese footballer
1981 - Alessandra Ambrosio, Brazilian model and actress
1981 - Matt Ryan, Welsh actor
1982 – Ian Bell, English cricketer
1982 - Peeter Kümmel, Estonian skier
1983 - Jennifer Heil, Canadian skier
1984 – Nikola Karabatic, French handball player
1984 - Kelli Garner, American actress
1984 - Monica May, American actress
1986 - Dai Greene, Welsh athlete
1987 – Joss Stone, English singer
1987 - Lights, Canadian musician, singer and songwriter
1988 - Leland Irving, Canadian ice hockey player
1989 - Zola Jesus, American singer-songwriter and producer
1990 – Shohei Otsuka, Japanese footballer
1991 – Thiago Alcántara, Italian footballer
1991 - James Magnussen, Australian swimmer
1991 - Erina Mano, Japanese singer and actress
1994 - Duncan Laurence, Dutch singer
1994 – Dakota Blue Richards, English actress
1996 - Dele Alli, English footballer
1998 - Oliver Dillon, English actor
2000 - Morgan Lily, American actress
678 - Pope Donus
714 - Guthlac of Crowland, English saint
1034 – Romanus III, Byzantine Emperor (b. 968)
1165 – King Stephen IV of Hungary (b. 1133)
1240 – Llywelyn the Great, King of Gwynedd
1447 - Henry Beaufort, English bishop and cardinal (b. 1375)
1771 – George Canning, Sr.,
father of George Canning (b. 1736)
1783 - Nikita Ivanovich Panin, Polish-Russian politician (b. 1718)
1798 - Karl Wilhelm Ramler, German poet (b. 1725)
1856 – Jose Santamaria, Costa Rican national hero (b. 1831)
1873 - Edward Canby, American general (b. 1817)
1875 - Andrew Jackson Hamilton, 12th Governor of Texas (b. 1815)
1884 – Charles Reade, English writer (b. 1814)
1890 – Joseph Merrick, British man who was often referred to as the Elephant Man (b. 1862)
1894 - Constantin Lipsius, German architect (b. 1832)
1903 - Gemma Galgani, Italian mystic and saint (b. 1878)
1906 - James Anthony Bailey, American businessman (b. 1847)
1906 - Francis Pharcellus Church, American journalist and publisher (b. 1809)
1908 - Henry Bird, English chess player and author (b. 1829)
1916 - Richard Harding Davis, American author (b. 1864)
1918 - Otto Wagner, Austrian architect (b. 1841)
1921 – Augusta Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein, Empress of Germany and Queen of Prussia (b. 1858)
1926 - Luther Burbank, American botanist and horticulturist (b. 1849)
1934 - John Collier, English painter (b. 1850)
1950 – Bainbridge Colby, United States Secretary of State (b. 1869)
1953 - Kid Nichols, American baseball player and manager (b. 1869)
1954 - Paul Specht, American violinist and bandleader (b. 1895)
1958 - Marcel Pilet-Golaz, Swiss politician (b. 1889)
1958 - Konstantin Yuon, Russian painter (b. 1875)
1967 - Donald Sangster, 2nd Prime Minister of Jamaica (b. 1911)
1970 – John O'Hara, American writer (b. 1905)
1977 – Jacques Prévert, French poet (b. 1900)
1983 - Dolores del Rio, Mexican actress (b. 1904)
1985 – Enver Hoxha, Albanian political leader (b. 1908)
1987 – Primo Levi, Italian writer and chemist (b. 1919)
1990 - Ivan-Lo Johansson, Swedish writer (b. 1900)
1992 - Eve Merriam, American playwright, director and poet (b. 1916)
1997 – Wang Xiaobo, Chinese writer (b. 1952)
2001 - Harry Secombe, Welsh actor and comedian (b. 1921)
2005 – Lucien Laurent, French footballer (b. 1907)
2006 – Proof, American rapper (b. 1973)
2006 - June Pointer, American singer (Pointer Sisters) (b. 1953)
2007 – Kurt Vonnegut, American writer (b. 1921)
2009 - Gerda Gilboe, Danish actress (b. 1914)
2012 – Ahmed Ben Bella, 1st President of Algeria (b. 1918)
2014 - Edna Doré, English actress (b. 1921)
2014 - Jesse Winchester, American singer-songwriter, guitarist and producer (b. 1944)
2014 - Nandu Bhende, Indian musician (b. 1955)
2014 - Rolf Brem, Swiss sculptor, illustrator and graphic artist (b. 1926)
2014 - Bill Henry, American baseball player (b. 1927)
2014 - Myer S. Kripke, American rabbi (b. 1914)
2015 - Janusz Kurczab, Polish fencer (b. 1937)
2015 - Sheila Kitzinger, British childbirth activist (b. 1929)
2015 - Charlie Beasley, American basketball player (b. 1945)
2016 - Ed Snider, American sports executive (b. 1933)
2016 - Emile Ford, Saint Lucian singer and sound engineer (b. 1937)
2016 - Anne Gould Hauberg, American arts patron (b. 1917)
2017 - Dorothy Mengering, American television personality (b. 1921)
2017 - Margit Schumann, German luger (b. 1952)
2017 - Michael Ballhaus, German cinematographer (b. 1935)
2018 - Karen Dawisha, American political scientist and writer (b. 1949)
2018 - Mitzi Shore, American comedy club owner (b. 1930)
2018 - Zola Skweyiya, South African politician (b. 1942)
2018 - Patrick F. McManus, American columnist and writer (b. 1933)
2018 - Jean-Claude Servan-Schreiber, French journalist and politician (b. 1918)
2019 - Ian Cognito, English comedian (b. 1958)
2019 - Stanley Plumly, American poet (b. 1939)
2019 - Dmitri Savitski, Russian novelist (b. 1944)
International Day of Rowing
International Day of Parkinson's disease Awareness
238 - Gordian II loses the Battle of Carthage against Numidian forces loyal to Maximus Thrax and is killed.
His father, Gordian I, commits suicide.
240 - Shapur I is crowned as King of the Sasanian Empire.
467 – Anthemius becomes Emperor of the West Roman Empire.
627 - King Edwin of Northumbria is converted to Christianity by Bishop Paulinus of York.
1204 - Crusaders of the Fourth Crusade breach the walls of Constantinople (present-day Istanbul) and enter the city, which they completely occupy the following day.
1557 – The city of Cuenca, in Ecuador, is founded.
1606 – The Union Flag is adopted as the flag of the two united Kingdoms of Scotland and England.
1633 – Galileo Galilei's trial before the inquisition begins.
1831 - Soldiers marching on the Broughton Suspension Bridge in Manchester cause it to collapse.
1861 – The American Civil War begins when Fort Sumter, South Carolina, is attacked.
1865 – American Civil War: Mobile, Alabama falls to the Union Army.
1877 – The United Kingdom annexes Transvaal.
1917 - World War I: Canadian forces successfully complete the taking of Vimy Ridge from the Germans.
1927 - Chiang Kai-shek orders Communist Party of China members to be executed in Shanghai, ending the First United Front.
1928 - The Bremen, a German Junkers W33 type aircraft, takes off for the first successful transatlantic aeroplane flight from east to west.
1934 – The strongest wind gust, outside of Antarctica or not within a tornado, is measured at Mt. Washington, New Hampshire, at 231 miles per hour (372 kilometres per hour).
1935 - First flight of the Bristol Blenheim aircraft.
1937 – Frank Whittle ground-tests the first jet engine to power an aircraft.
1945 – US President Franklin Roosevelt dies.
Harry S. Truman is sworn in as his successor.
1946 - The last French troops leave Syria.
1954 – Bill Haley and His Comets record their hit song Rock Around the Clock.
1955 - The polio vaccine developed by Jonas Salk is declared safe and effective.
1961 – Yuri Gagarin is the first cosmonaut in space, sent by the U.S.S.R on Vostok 1.
1963 - Soviet nuclear-powered submarine K-33 collides with the Finnish merchant navy vessel M/S Finnclipper in the Danish straits.
1968 - A day after the attack on student activist Rudi Dutschke, protests and riots erupt across several cities in West Germany.
1970 - Soviet submarine K-8, carrying four nuclear torpedoes, sinks in the Bay of Biscay near France and Spain four days after a fire on board.
1980 – Terry Fox starts his Marathon of Hope across Canada in St. John's, Newfoundland.
1980 – In Liberia, Samuel K. Doe takes power in a coup, in which President William Tolbert is killed.
1981 – Space Shuttle Columbia is launched.
1992 – Disneyland Paris opens, as Euro Disneyland.
1998 – A magnitude 5.6 earthquake hits Slovenia.
2002 - In a US-backed military coup in Venezuela, President Hugo Chávez is replaced as Head of State by Pedro Carmona.
After 36 hours, Chavez is reinstated as President.
2002 – A female suicide bomber detonates herself in Jerusalem, killing 7 people and injuring 104.
2007 – A suicide bomber attacks the Iraqi parliament.
2009 – Zimbabwe abandons the Zimbabwean dollar as its official currency, after a severe economic crisis in the country.
2010 - A train crash near Merano, Italy, kills 9 people, after running into a landslide.
2014 - A wildfire ravages the Chilean city of Valparaiso, killing 16 people, displacing nearly 10,000, and destroying over 2,000 homes.
599 BC – Mahavira, Indian founder of Jainism (d. 527 BC)
812 – Muhammad at-Taqi, Arabian Shia Imam (d. 835)
1116 - Richeza of Poland, Queen of Sweden (d. 1156 or after)
1432 - Anne of Austria, Landgravine of Thuringia (d. 1462)
1484 – Antonio da Sangallo the Younger, Italian architect (d. 1546)
1500 – Joachim Camerarius, German classical scholar (d. 1574)
1526 – Muretus, French humanist (d. 1585)
1550 – Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford, English politician (d. 1604)
1577 – King Christian IV of Denmark (d. 1648)
1710 - Caffarelli, Italian opera singer (d. 1783)
1713 – Guillaume Thomas François Raynal, French writer (d. 1796)
1716 - Felice Giardini, Italian composer and violinist (d. 1796)
1722 – Pietro Nardini, Italian composer (d. 1793)
1724 – Lyman Hall, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (d. 1790)
1726 – Charles Burney, English music historian (d. 1814)
1748 – Antoine Laurent de Jussieu, French botanist (d. 1836)
1777 – Henry Clay, American statesman and five-time Presidential candidate (d. 1852)
1792 - John Lambton, 1st Earl of Durham, English statesman (d. 1840)
1794 - Germinal Pierre Dandelin, Belgian mathematician (d. 1847).
1796 - George N. Briggs, 19th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1861)
1799 – Henri Druey, Swiss Federal Councilor (d. 1855)
1801 - Joseph Lanner, Austrian composer and conductor (d. 1843)
1823 – Alexandr Ostrovsky, Russian dramatist (d. 1886)
1828 - Charles Foster, Governor of Ohio and United States Secretary of the Treasury (d. 1904)
1839 – Nikolai Przhevalsky, Russian explorer (d. 1888)
1851 - Edward Walter Maunder, English astronomer (d. 1928)
1852 - Ferdinand von Lindemann, German mathematician (d. 1939)
1856 – William Martin Conway, English art critic and mountaineer (d. 1937)
1866 - Princess Viktoria of Prussia (d. 1929)
1869 – Henri Désiré Landru, French serial killer (d. 1922)
1871 – Ioannis Metaxas, Greek general and dictator (d. 1941)
1874 - William B. Bankhead, American politician (d. 1940)
1879 - Fred H. Brown, Governor of New Hampshire (d. 1955)
1883 - Imogen Cunningham, American photographer (d. 1976)
1883 - Dally Messenger, Australian rugby player (d. 1959)
1884 – Otto Fritz Meyerhof, German doctor, won the 1922 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1951)
1884 - Tenby Davies, Welsh runner (d. 1932)
1885 - Robert Delaunay, French artist (d. 1941)
1887 – Harold Lockwood, American silent movie actor (d. 1918)
1888 – Heinrich Neuhaus, Soviet pianist (d. 1964)
1892 – Johnny Dodds, American jazz clarinetist (d. 1940)
1893 – Robert Harron, American actor (d. 1920)
1894 – Francisco Craveiro Lopes, President of Portugal (d. 1964)
1898 – Lily Pons, American soprano (d. 1976)
1902 – Louis Beel, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (d. 1977)
1903 – Jan Tinbergen, Dutch economist (d. 1994)
1907 - Zawgyi, Burmese poet, author and academic (d. 1990)
1908 - Ida Pollock, British writer (d. 2013)
1910 - Gillo Dorfles, Italian art critic, painter and philosopher (d. 2018)
1911 - Mahmoud Younis, Egyptian engineer (d. 1976)
1912 - Hamengkubuwono IX, 2nd Vice president of Indonesia (d. 1988)
1912 - Hound Dog Taylor, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1975)
1913 - Keiko Fukuda, Japanese judoka (d. 2013)
1914 – Adriaan Blaauw, Dutch astronomer (d. 2010)
1914 - Armen Alchian, American economist (d. 2013)
1914 - Gretel Bergmann, German athlete (d. 2017)
1916 - Movita Castaneda, American actress and singer (d. 2015)
1916 - Beverly Cleary, American author
1917 - Robert Manzon, French racing driver (d. 2015)
1917 - Vinoo Mankad, Indian cricketer (d. 1978)
1919 - Billy Vaughn, American musician and bandleader (d. 1991)
1922 - Simon Kapwepwe, 2nd Vice president of Zambia (d. 1980)
1923 – Ann Miller, American actress and dancer (d. 2004)
1923 - Eddie Turnbull, Scottish footballer (d. 2011)
1924 – Raymond Barre, Prime Minister of France (d. 2007)
1925 – Oliver Postgate, British animator, puppetteer and writer (d. 2008)
1926 - Jane Withers, American actress
1927 - Alvin Sargent, American screenwriter (d. 2019)
1928 – Hardy Krüger, German actor
1928 - Elspet Gray, Scottish actress (d. 2013)
1929 – Luis Vigoreaux, Puerto Rican TV and radio personality (d. 1983)
1930 - John Landy, Australian athlete and politician, 26th Governor of Victoria
1930 - Bryan Magee, British philosopher
1931 - Chico Anysio, Brazilian actor, comedian, writer and composer (d. 2012)
1932 – Tiny Tim, American musician (d. 1996)
1932 - Jean-Pierre Marielle, French actor (d. 2019)
1933 – Montserrat Caballé, Catalan-Spanish operatic soprano (d. 2018)
1934 - Michael Grzimek, German moviemaker and zoologist (d. 1959)
1936 – Charles Napier, American actor (d. 2011)
1936 - Tony Earl, 41st Governor of Wisconsin
1936 - Kennedy Simmonds, 1st Prime Minister of Saint Kitts and Nevis
1937 - Dennis Banks, American teacher, activist and author (d. 2017)
1937 - Igor Volk, Soviet-Ukrainian cosmonaut (d. 2017)
1940 – Enayat Michael Ali, Trinidadian professional cricketer
1940 - John Hagee, American pastor and theologian
1940 – Herbie Hancock, American musician
1941 – Bobby Moore, English footballer (d. 1993)
1942 – Jacob Zuma, former President of South Africa
1942 - Carlos Reutemann, Argentine racing driver and politician
1943 - Sumitra Mahajan, Indian politician
1944 - Lisa Jardine, English historian, author and academic (d. 2015)
1944 - John Kay, German-Canadian singer-songwriter, guitarist and producer
1945 – Lee Jong-Wook, South Korean Director-General of the WHO (d. 2006)
1946 – George Robertson, Baron Robertson of Port Ellen, former Secretary-General of NATO
1946 – Ed O'Neill, American actor
1947 - Martin Brasier, English palaeobiologist and astrobiologist (d. 2014)
1947 - Alex Briley, American singer (Village People)
1947 - Woody Johnson, American businessman and philanthropist
1947 - Dan Lauria, American actor
1947 – David Letterman, American comedian and TV host
1947 – Tom Clancy, American writer (d. 2013)
1948 – Joschka Fischer, German politician
1948 – Marcello Lippi, Italian football manager
1948 – Jeremy Beadle, British television presenter (d. 2008)
1948 - Lois Reeves, American singer
1949 - Scott Turow, American writer
1950 – Joyce Banda, former President of Malawi
1950 – David Cassidy, American singer and actor (d. 2017)
1950 – Maia Danziger, American actress
1950 - Flavio Briatore, Italian businessman
1950 - Larry Kemp, Film editor
1954 - John Faulkner, Australian politician
1954 – Jon Krakauer, American writer and mountaineer
1955 – Viktor Arnar Ingólfsson, Icelandic writer
1956 – Andy Garcia, American actor
1956 – Herbert Grönemeyer, German singer and actor
1956 – Walter Salles, Brazilian movie director
1957 – Vince Gill, American Country singer
1957 - Adam Parfrey, American novelist, editor and publisher (d. 2018)
1958 - Ginka Zagorcheva, Bulgarian hurdler
1958 - J. Alexander, American television personality
1959 - Jackson Carlaw, Scottish politician
1960 - Dennis Bateman, American voice actor
1961 – Lisa Gerrard, Australian musician
1965 - Kim Bodnia, Danish actor
1967 - Mellow Man Ace, American rapper
1968 – Adam Graves, Canadian ice hockey player
1968 - Alicia Coppola, American actress
1970 – Nick Hexum, singer and guitarist
1971 – Nicholas Brendon, actor
1971 – Shannen Doherty, American actress
1973 – Christian Panucci, Italian footballer
1974 – Sylvinho, Brazilian footballer
1974 - Marley Shelton, American actress
1976 - Olga Kotlyarova, Russian runner
1977 – Giovanny Espinoza, Ecuadorean footballer
1978 – Guy Berryman, British musician (Coldplay)
1979 – Claire Danes, American actress
1979 – Mateja Kezman, Serbian footballer
1979 - Jennifer Morrison, American actress
1980 – Brian McFadden, Irish singer (Westlife)
1981 - Nicolas Burdisso, Argentine footballer
1981 - Grant Holt, English footballer
1982 - Gary Caldwell, Scottish footballer
1982 – Riley Smith, model and actor
1983 - Jelena Dokic, Serbian-Australian tennis player
1985 - James Alexandrou, British actor
1985 - Olga Seryabkina, Russian singer-songwriter
1986 - Lorena, Spanish singer
1986 - Marcel Granollers, Spanish tennis player
1987 - Brooklyn Decker, American model and actress
1987 – Brendon Urie, American singer of Panic!
at the Disco
1988 - Ricardo Gabriel Alvarez, Argentine footballer
1989 - Miguel Angel Ponce, Mexican footballer
1989 - Travis Tatum Mill, American singer
1990 - Francesca Halsall, British swimmer
1994 – Saoirse Ronan, Irish actress
1994 - Airi Suzuki, Japanese actress and singer
1996 - Elizaveta Kulichkova, Russian tennis player
1997 - Katelyn Dhashi, American gymnast
2000 – Suzanna von Nathusius, Polish actress
45 BC – Gnaeus Pompeius, Roman general
65 – Seneca the Younger, Roman philosopher, statesman and dramatist
238 – Gordian I, Roman Emperor
238 – Gordian II, Roman heir
352 - Pope Julius I
434 - Archbishop Maximianus of Constantinople
1125 - Vladislaus I of Bohemia (b. 1065)
1550 - Claude, Duke of Guise (b. 1496)
1555 – Juana of Castile, wife of Philip I of Castile (b. 1479)
1675 - Richard Bennett, British Governor of Virginia (b. 1609)
1684 - Nicola Amati, Italian instrument maker (b. 1596)
1782 – Metastasio, Italian poet and librettist (b. 1698)
1788 - Carlo Antonio Campioni, French composer (b. 1719)
1817 – Charles Messier, French astronomer (b. 1730)
1872 - Nikolaos Mantzaros, Greek composer (b. 1795)
1878 - William H. Tweed, American politician (b. 1823)
1898 - Elzéar-Alexandre Taschereau, Canadian cardinal (b. 1820)
1912 – Clara Barton, American nurse (b. 1821)
1933 - Adelbert Ames, American general and politician (b. 1835)
1938 - Feodor Chaliapin, Russian opera singer (b. 1873)
1945 – Franklin Roosevelt, 32nd President of the United States (b. 1882)
1968 – Heinrich Nordhoff, German automobile engineer (b. 1899)
1971 – Igor Tamm, Russian physicist (b. 1895)
1975 - Josephine Baker, American dancer, singer and actress (b. 1906)
1980 – William Tolbert, President of Liberia (b. 1913)
1981 – Joe Louis, American boxer (b. 1914)
1981 - Prince Yasuhiko Asaka, of Japan (b. 1887)
1988 - Alan Paton, South African author (b. 1903)
1989 - Abbie Hoffman, American activist (b. 1936)
1989 – Sugar Ray Robinson, American boxer (b. 1921)
1997 - George Wald, American neurologist (b. 1906)
1999 – Boxcar Willie, American musician (b. 1931)
1999 - Marion Pruett, American spree killer (b. 1949)
2001 - Harvey Ball, American illustrator (b. 1921)
2006 – Rajkumar, Indian movie actor and singer (b. 1929)
2008 – Patrick Hillery, President of Ireland (b. 1923)
2008 - Jerry Zucker, Israeli-American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1949)
2009 - Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, American academic scholar (b. 1950)
2009 – Marilyn Chambers, American pornographic actress (b. 1952)
2010 – Werner Schroeter, German movie director (b. 1945)
2014 - Brita Koivunen, Finnish singer (b. 1931)
2014 - Fred Ho, American musician, composer, playwright, writer and activist (b. 1957)
2014 - Hal Smith, American baseball player (b. 1931)
2015 - André Mba Obame, Gabonese politician (b. 1957)
2015 - Patrice Dominguez, French tennis player (b. 1950)
2015 - Alfred Eick, German U-boat commander (b. 1916)
2016 - Hector A. Cafferata, Jr., American soldier (b. 1929)
2016 - Paul Carey, American radio broadcaster (b. 1928)
2016 - Gianroberto Casaleggio, Italian entrepreneur (b. 1954)
2016 - Pedro de Felipe, Spanish footballer (b. 1944)
2016 - David Gest, American television personality (b. 1953)
2016 - Anne Jackson, American actress (b. 1925)
2016 - Balls Mahoney, American professional wrestler (b. 1972)
2016 - Arnold Wesker, English playwright (b. 1932)
2017 - Akhilesh Das, Indian politician, Mayor of Lucknow (b. 1961)
2017 - Charlie Murphy, American comedian (b. 1959)
2017 - Sheila Abdus-Salaam, American judge (b. 1952)
2017 - Tom Coyne, American music engineer (b. 1954)
2017 - Wayne Hardin, American football player (b. 1926)
2017 - Toby Smith, British keyboardist (b. 1970)
2018 - Brij Bhushan Kabra, Indian musician (b. 1937)
2018 - John Melcher, American politician (b. 1924)
2018 - Sergio Pitol, Mexican novelist and politician (b. 1933)
2018 - Deborah Coleman, American blues singer-songwriter (b. 1956)
2018 - Bob Pickens, American wrestler and football player (b. 1943)
2019 - Ivor Broadis, English footballer (b. 1922)
2019 - Dina, Portuguese singer (b. 1956)
2019 - Forrest Gregg, American football player (b. 1933)
2019 - Tommy Smith, English footballer (b. 1945)
2019 - Georgia Engel, American actress (b. 1948)
Cosmonauts' Day (Russia), celebrating Yuri Gagarin's space flight in 1961
1111 – Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor is crowned.
1204 – Constantinople falls to the crusaders of the Fourth Crusade, temporarily ending the Byzantine Empire.
1598 – Henry V of France issues the Edict of Nantes, allowing religious freedom for Huguenots.
The edict is repealed in 1685.
1742 - George Frideric Handel's oratorio Messiah has its world premiere in Dublin, Ireland.
1749 - A cyclone off Southeast India sinks British ships HMS Pembroke and HMS Namur, killing 850 people.
Only 14 survive.
1777 - American Revolutionary War; American forces are ambushed and defeated  in the Battle of Bound Brook, New Jersey.
1796 - The first elephant ever seen in the United States arrives from India.
1829 – Roman Catholics in the United Kingdom are granted the right to vote and are allowed to sit in parliament.
1849 – Hungary becomes a Republic.
1861 – American Civil War: Fort Sumter, South Carolina, surrenders to Confederate forces.
1868 - The Abyssynian War ends as British and Indian troops capture Maqdala.
1870 - New York City's Metropolitan Museum of Art is founded.
1873 - The Colfax Massacre, in which over 60 African Americans are murdered, takes place in Colfax, Louisiana.
1904 – The Russian battleship Petropavlovsk of the Russian Pacific Fleet hits a Japanese mine and sinks.
The painter Vasily Vereshchagin is among those who are killed in the incident.
1909 - The Turkish military reverses the Ottoman countercoup of 1909 to force the overthrow of Sultan Abdul Hamid II.
1919 - Establishment of the Provisional Government of Korea.
1919 - Jallianwala Bagh massacre: British troops gun down at least 379 unarmed demonstrators in Amritsar, India.
1,200 are injured.
1934 – While still under construction, the railway bridge in Saratov, Russia, collapses, killing 150 people.
1941 – The USSR and Japan sign a pact of neutrality.
1943 – The Thomas Jefferson Memorial is dedicated in Washington, DC.
1943 - World War II: The discovery of mass graves of Polish prisoners of war killed by Soviet forces in the Katyn massacre is announced.
This causes a rift between the Polish Government-in-exile (based in London) and the Soviet Union, which denies responsibility.
1944 – The USSR and New Zealand establish diplomatic relations.
1945 - World War II: German troops kill over 1,000 political and military prisoners in Gardelegen, Germany.
1945 - World War II: Soviet and Bulgarian forces capture Vienna.
1948 - Hadassah medical convoy massacre: In an ambush, 79 Jewish doctors, nurses and medical students from Hadassah Hospital and a British soldier are massacred by Arabs in Sheikh Jarra near Jerusalem.
1960 - The US launches Transit 1-B, the world's first satellite navigation system.
1964 – Sidney Poitier becomes the first African American to win a Best Actor Oscar.
1970 – Houston, we've had a problem: An oxygen tank aboard Apollo 13 explodes, causing major damage, and putting the crew at risk.
They safely return to Earth.
1972 - The Universal Postal Union decides to recognize the People's Republic of China instead of the Republic of China.
1975 – At least 17 people are killed in a gun battle between Palestinian Guerrillas and Christian militants in Beirut.
1984 – India annexes territory beyond the Line of Control.
1986 – Pope John Paul II becomes the first Pope to visit a Jewish place of worship when he visits a synagogue in Rome.
1987 – Portugal agrees to return Macau to China's control in 1999.
1992 – In the United Kingdom, the leader of the Labour Party, Neil Kinnock, announces his resignation.
1992 – Chicago is flooded.
1997 – Tiger Woods becomes the youngest golfer to win the US Masters tournament.
2002 – Armenian anti-government protests are violently crushed.
2003 – The National Library in Baghdad is set on fire, with many historical documents being lost.
2013 - Amsterdam's Rijksmuseum is officially re-opened after a decade-long restoration.
2014 - A bus crash in Veracruz, Mexico, kills 36 people.
2017 - The United States drops its biggest-ever non-nuclear bomb in eastern Afghanistan.
1506 - Peter Faber, French theologian (d. 1546)