the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
visited Robson's home.
He offered Robson a contract to play professional football.
Robson signed the contract and moved to London.
Club football
Robson played in his first professional football game for Fulham F.C. in 1950.
He spent six years at the club before moving to West Bromwich Albion for £25,000.
He played for Albion for six years.
During that time, he played in nearly 250 games, scoring over 50 goals.
Albion said no when Robson asked for a bigger salary, and he moved back to Fulham.
Fulham sold some important players after Robson came back to the team.
This led Robson to think he would not win any trophies.
He left Fulham in 1967 and joined the Vancouver Royals in Canada as both a player and a manager.
However, he had to share the management role with someone else.
Robson did not like this and moved back to England in 1968.
He started to manage Fulham.
International football
Robson was selected for England while at West Bromwich Albion.
He played for England in the 1958 FIFA World Cup.
He was selected for the 1962 FIFA World Cup.
Due to injury in a friendly against Chile, Robson had to leave from the squad.
In total, he played 20 times for his country.
Managerial career
Early club management
Robson started his career as a manager at Fulham F.C.  The team were relegated in his first season there.
Robson was sacked the following season.
In 1969 he became manager of Ipswich Town F.C.  However he won no major competitions or trophies during his first four years in charge.
In 1973 Ipswich won the Texaco Cup.
Over the next nine seasons in the First Division, only once did Ipswich finish lower than the sixth place .
This was the 1977–78 season however the club then went on to win the FA Cup, beating Arsenal F.C. 1–0 at Wembley.
Three years later, Robson led Ipswich to victory in the UEFA Cup.
The club beat Dutch team AZ Alkmaar 5–4 over two games.
Robson moved on to manage the England national football team in 1982.
England national team
Robson managed the England team 95 times, with 47 victories.
In the 1986 FIFA World Cup in Mexico, he led the team to the quarter-finals where they lost to Argentina 2–1.
Both Argentina goals were scored by Diego Maradona, including the famous "Hand of God" goal.
Four years later, in the 1990 FIFA World Cup, Robson led England into the semi-finals.
This time they lost to West Germany in a penalty shoot-out.
After this World Cup, Robson's contract was not extended by the Football Association.
European club management
Robson joined Dutch club P.S.V. Eindhoven in 1990.
They won the league in his first two seasons.
However, they did not win any European competitions and in 1992 Robson lost his job.
Robson joined Portuguese club Sporting Clube de Portugal in July 1992.
He led them to third place in the league in his first season.
Defeat in Europe meant Robson lost his job again, in December 1994.
He was quickly offered the manager's job by F.C. Porto.
He led the team to victory in the Portuguese Cup and they won the league for two seasons in a row.
In the summer of 1996, Robson became manager at FC Barcelona.
In his short time at the club, he signed Ronaldo and led the club to win the Spanish Cup, Spanish Super Cup and European Cup Winners' Cup.
The next season Robson took a more administrative position before going back to Holland to manage P.S.V. Eindhoven for one season.
The next year,  Robson went back to England to work for the Football Association.
Soon after his return, Newcastle United F.C. manager Ruud Gullit left, and Robson took the manager's job at St James' Park.
He managed the club until 2004 without winning any major trophies or competitions.
International consultant
On 13 January 2006, Steve Staunton was selected as manager of the Republic of Ireland national team.
Robson was named in a support role as "International Football Consultant".
Because of health problems, Robson left this position on 17 November 2007.
Life outside football
Robson was married to his wife Elsie from 1955 until his death.
They had three sons: Andrew, Paul and Mark.
In 1991, Robson was diagnosed with colorectal cancer, from which he recovered the following year.
His ill health affected his work.
While at Porto, for example, Robson suffered from malignant melanoma.
This meant he missed the first months of the 1995–96 season.
He had many operations, including one in 2006 for a brain tumour.
On 17 October 2006, Robson was given the all-clear.
He was set to complete his contract as consultant to the Irish team.
In May 2007, he was diagnosed with lung cancer.
He died of lung cancer on 31 July 2009 at his Durham home.
Robson was in some advertisements, including Carlsberg's "Best Pub Side" television advertisement.
He also worked on ITV during the 2002 World Cup and the 2004 European Championship.
He also wrote a weekly column for The Mail on Sunday.
Bobby Robson was given several honours for his work in football.
In 1990, after his eight years as England manager, he was awarded a CBE.
In 2002, he was knighted.
Both awards were for services to football.
That year he was awarded the freedom of Newcastle upon Tyne.
He also received the UEFA President's Award for 'services to football'.
He was inducted into the English Football Hall of Fame in 2003.
In 2005, Robson was made an Honorary Freeman of Newcastle.
Robson said, in his autobiography, it was "the proudest moment of my life".
Robson also won the 1992 Football Writers' Association Tribute Award for an "outstanding contribution to the national game".
In 2001 he was awarded the British Sports Writers' Association Pat Besford Trophy for Outstanding Achievement.
In 2005, he received a lifetime achievement award from the Sports Coach UK Awards.
He also received the Eircom International Personality of the Year in 2006.
On 9 December 2007, Robson received the BBC Sports Personality of the Year Lifetime Achievement Award.
In May 2008 was the 30th anniversary celebrations of Ipswich Town's 1978 FA Cup win.
During this, Robson was granted the Freedom of Ipswich by the Lady Mayor.
On 8 December 2008, he was given the Freedom of the City of Durham.
Playing career statistics
|1950/51||rowspan="6"|Fulham||rowspan="2"|First Division||1||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||1||0
|1951/52||16||3||0||0||colspan="2"|-||16||3
|1952/53||rowspan="4"|Second Division||35||19||1||0||colspan="2"|-||36||19
|1953/54||33||13||1||1||colspan="2"|-||34||14
|1954/55||42||23||1||0||colspan="2"|-||43||23
|1955/56||25||10||2||0||colspan="2"|-||27||10
|1955/56||rowspan="7"|West Bromwich Albion||rowspan="7"|First Division||10||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||10||1
|1956/57||39||12||2||1||colspan="2"|-||41||13
|1957/58||41||24||7||3||colspan="2"|-||48||27
|1958/59||29||4||1||1||colspan="2"|-||30||5
|1959/60||41||6||3||0||colspan="2"|-||44||6
|1960/61||40||5||1||0||colspan="2"|-||41||5
|1961/62||39||4||4||0||colspan="2"|-||43||4
|1962/63||rowspan="5"|Fulham||rowspan="5"|First Division||34||1||2||0||2||1||38||2
|1963/64||39||1||2||0||1||0||42||1
|1964/65||42||1||2||0||3||1||47||2
|1965/66||36||6||0||0||3||0||39||6
|1966/67||41||0||3||0||3||0||47||0
|1957||1||2
|1958||4||0
|1959||0||0
|1960||6||0
|1961||8||2
|1962||1||0
Total||20||4
Performance by club
Managerial honours
Time On The Grass, Bobby Robson, (Arthur Barker 1982), .
Bobby Robson: An Autobiography, Bobby Robson, (Hutchinson 1990), .
Football Against the Enemy, (Chapter 11), Simon Kuper, (Orion Publishing Group 1996), .
High Noon: A Year at Barcelona, Steve Dickson, (Virgin Books 1997), .
Bobby Robson: An Englishman Abroad, Bobby Robson with Bob Harris, (Macmillan Publishers 1998), .
Sir Bobby Robson: Living the Game, Bob Harris, (Weidenfeld & Nicolson 2004), .
Sportspeople from County Durham
The subfamily Deomyinae consists of four genera of mouse-like rodents.
These were placed in the subfamilies Murinae and Dendromurinae until very recently.
They are sometimes called Acomyinae, particularly in references that predate the discovery that the link rat, Deomys ferugineus, is part of the clade.
Deomyinae is the older and more appropriate name.
Deomyines share no morphological characteristics that can be used to separate them from other muroids.
Subtle aspects of the third upper molar have been suggested, though.
This subfamily is united solely on the basis of shared genetic mutations.
These conclusions have demonstrated good statistical support using nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, as well as DNA-DNA hybridization.
Because of the lack of physical characteristics that supportthis group, it is very possible that the subfamily as it is currently recognized could grow bigger.
Many of the genera currently placed in Murinae or Dendromurinae have never been included in a molecular phylogenetic analysis.
There are potential surprises awaiting when they are.
The spiny mice, Acomys spp.
are also found in Asia.
List of Genera
Subfamily Deomyinae
Genus Acomys - spiny mice
Genus Deomys - link rat
Genus Lophuromys - brush-furred mice
Genus Uranomys - Rudd's mouse
Chevret, P., C. Denys, J.-J. Jaeger, J. Michaux, AND F. M. Catzeflis.
The term spiny mouse refers to any species of rodent within the genus Acomys.
They are usually called spiny mice in English.
They look like mice of the genus Mus.
Spiny mice are small mammals with bare, scaled tails.
Their coats have unusually stiff guard hairs that work the same way as the spines of a hedgehog.
These stiff hairs are why they are called the spiny mouse.
Even though they look like members of the genus Mus, scientists thhink that the African spiny mice may be more closely related to gerbils than to common mice.
Spiny mice as exotic pets
African spiny mice originated in the deserts of Africa.
They are often kept as exotic pets in other parts of the world, particularly Western nations such as the United States.
In the pet trade, they are commonly called Egyptian spiny mice or, more simply, spiny mice.
Though these animals are like pet mice and rats, the tail of a spiny mouse is much more delicate.
The spiny mouse should never be picked up by its tail and should be handled with care to avoid a degloving injury.
Because of their desert origin, spiny mice need warm temperatures and should be kept around 80 degrees Fahrenheit.
These animals are very social and should always be housed in groups when possible.
As spiny mice are prone to obesity (getting too fat), it is important to provide a big space and a complex environment to encourage exercise.
They need constant attention and should NEVER be housed in a cage smaller than 4X4 ft.
Gestation length is between 38 and 42 days.
Litters are normally 2 to 3 pups, but females may have up to 6 pups in a single litter.
Other females within the social group may help in the birthing process and look after the pups.
Pups are born with their eyes open and covered in fur.
They will begin to leave the nesting area at about 3 days of age.
Pups are weaned around 5 to 6 weeks and reach sexual maturity at about 6 to 9 weeks.
A female can become pregnant at any time in the year and may have up to 12 litters in a year.
Spiny mice can live for 4 to 5 years.
List of Rodent/Lagomorph Scientific Names  - Includes several species of African spiny mouse
Anglicanism is a denomination within Christianity.
It is made up of the Church of England and the Anglican Communion (a group of Anglican churches from many other countries).
The term Anglicanism includes those who have accepted the English Reformation as embodied in the Church of England or in the offshoot Churches in other countries that have followed closely to its doctrines and its organisation.
In the English Reformation, the English Church kept the early Catholic ministry of bishops, priests, deacons, and most of the doctrine and liturgy.
The event that led to the Anglican Church was the outright rejection of the Pope.
This meant they also rejected the Catholic Church as an organisation.
It is sometimes seen as being the middle way between Roman Catholicism and Protestantism.
That is why it is not always thought of as Protestantism.
The term Anglican comes from the phrase ecclesia anglicana.
This is a Medieval Latin phrase dating to at least 1246.
It means 'the English Church'.
The noun Anglican is used to describe the people, institutions, churches, traditions and ideas developed by the state established Church of England and the Anglican Communion, a theologically broad and often divergent affiliation of thirty-eight provinces that are in communion with the Archbishop of Canterbury.
Anglicans can have many different beliefs.
For example, there are a range of beliefs about Holy Communion.
Some Anglicans believe that the bread and wine becomes the actual Body and Blood of Christ.
Other Anglicans think that Holy Communion is about remembering the life of Jesus Christ and his death on the Cross.
The first ('High Church') is in the minority.
It is similar to the belief of Roman Catholicism and Orthodoxy.
The second (the majority 'Low Church') is like the belief of most Protestants.
It is fundamentally a Protestant church because the Bible is the source of authority, not the Pope.
The name Anglican for this Church comes from the Latin word for English because the Church started in England.
In the British Isles, Anglicanism has been the official or State religion in all parts at one time or another.
Anglican Church leaders, and the State, worked together in what is called the alliance of Throne and Altar or Church and State.
Together, they tried to make the Anglican denomination as broad and welcoming as possible to a wide range of Christian believers.
Origin in Britain
When Henry VIII wanted to divorce from Catherine of Aragon, the Pope refused to divorce him.
As a result, King Henry split from the Roman Catholic Church and started the Church of England.
The English Parliament, through the Act of Supremacy, declared King Henry VIII to be the "Supreme Head of the Church of England" in order to fulfill the "English desire to be independent from continental Europe religiously and politically."
This act said that the king, not the pope was the head of the Church of England.
With this act, Henry VIII was not only free to divorce his wife and remarry, he also made England free from the interference of the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church.
Although now separate from Rome, the English Church, at this point in history, continued to maintain the Roman Catholic theology on many things, such as the sacraments.
Over time the Church of England was reformed even more, in what is known as the English Reformation, which it gained a number of characteristics which has finally formed the modern day Anglican Communion.
In the British Isles, and early British colonies, this was done to try to defeat both the followers of the Roman Catholic Church and all the kinds of Protestants too by including their best ideas, traditions, and practices in the Anglican Church.
Now, the only place in the United Kingdom where Anglicanism is still the official religion is England, where the monarch, Queen Elizabeth II is the Supreme Governor on Earth of the Church of England.
The effective government of the Church is by the Archbishop of Canterbury, and the legal Church Parliament known as the General Synod.
Spread of Influence
In the rest of the world, Anglicanism was spread by overseas colonisation, settlement, and missionary work.
It functions there as an ordinary denomination of Christianity without special status.
Anglicans around the world join together in a group of national churches in countries where there are Anglican Churches to make the world-wide Anglican Communion.
There are more than 80 million Anglicans in the world today.
Most live in Africa and Asia and are not of British ethnic heritage anymore.
The Anglican Communion is struggling today with questions about the role of women and gay people in the Church.
As the Anglican Communion deals with these serious issues, some have split into liberal and conservative groups.
Already, there are Anglicans who have broken from the main Churches to form their own separate groups of believers.
Some use the term Anglican combined with the word Catholic, Christian, Reformed, or Episcopal.
At the same time, leaders from the Anglican Communion hold talks with the Roman Catholic and Orthodox Churches to try to work toward Christian unity.
At times, there has been some progress.
Also, the Anglican and Lutheran Churches have agreed to a high level of shared beliefs, leadership, and practices called intercommunion.
Movements and denominations
Prominent Anglican Thinkers
Hein, David, ed. (
1991) Readings in Anglican Spirituality.
Cincinnati: Forward Movement.
Anglican Communion - The official site of the Anglican Communion.
What it means to be an Anglican: Official Church of England site
Anglican Historical Texts
Anglicans Online - An unofficial site of the Anglican Communion.
One of the biggest resources of Anglicanism in the world.
Anglicanism: ReligionFacts.com  - Articles on Anglican history, ritual, and organisation, plus an image gallery of people and places.
Khayyam, Iran
Mohammed Zahur Khayyam (20th century), Indian music composer
Kerry Thornley (1938-1998), co-founder of Discordianism, who wrote as Omar Khayyam Ravenhurst
Omar Khayyám (1048-1131), Persian poet, mathematician, philosopher and astronomer
Omar Khayam (born 1983),British protester who dressed as a Suicide bomber
The Cumshots is a heavy metal band from Norway.
The band was formed in 1999 by Kristopher Schau and Ole Petter Andreassen.
The pocket gophers are burrowing rodents of the family Geomyidae.
These are the "true" gophers.
Several ground squirrels of the family Sciuridae are often called gophers as well.
They are not true gophers,though.
The name "pocket gopher" on its own is used for a number of subspecies of the family.
Pocket gophers, despite being largely a pest, are a symbol of the U.S. state of Minnesota, sometimes called "the Gopher State".
Gophers are heavily built, and most are moderately large.
They usually  weigh a few hundred grams.
A few species reach weights approaching 1 kg.
Most gophers have brown fur which often closely matches the color of the soil in which they live.
Their most characteristic feature is their large cheek pouches.
The pocket in their name comes from these pouches.
These pouches are fur-lined, and can be turned inside out.
They extend from the side of the mouth well back onto the shoulders.
They have small eyes and a short, hairy tail which they use to feel around tunnels when they walk backwards.
All pocket gophers are burrowers.
They are larder hoarders, and their cheek pouches are used for transporting food back to their burrows.
Gophers can collect large hoards.
Their presence is unambiguously announced by the appearance of mounds of fresh dirt about 20 cm in diameter.
These mounds will often appear in vegetable gardens, lawns, or farms, as gophers like moist soil.
They also enjoy feeding on vegetables.
For this reason, some species are considered agricultural pests.
They may also damage trees in forests.
Although they will attempt to flee when threatened, they may attack other animals, including cats and humans, and can inflict serious bites with their long, sharp teeth.
There has been much debate among taxonomists about which races of pocket gopher should be recognised as full species.
There are about 37 species in six genera.
Article on the Animal Diversity Web site
eNature flashcard with image (southeastern pocket gopher)
eNature flashcard with image (western pocket gopher)
Although they do not look similar, gophers are joined with kangaroo rats into a common superfamily.
This is widely agreed.
Overall morphology, the fossil record, sequence analysis, and biogeography all support this relationship.
Modern geomyoids are mostly restricted to North America, but some have extended their range into South America since the Great American Interchange.
Fossil taxa are known from throughout Laurasia.
Relation to other rodents
McKenna, Malcolm C. and Bell, Susan K. 1997.
Classification of Mammals above the species level.
The family of rodents that include kangaroo rats, kangaroo mice and rock pocket mice is the Heteromyidae family.
Most heteromyids live in complex burrows in the deserts and grasslands of western North America.
Some species within the Heteromys and Liomys genera are also found in forests and can be found down as far as northern South America.
They feed mostly on seeds and other plant parts, which they carry in their cheek pouches to their burrows.
Family Heteromyidae
Subfamily Heteromyinae
Genus Heteromys
Genus Liomys
Subfamily Dipodomyinae - Kangaroo rats and mice
Genus Dipodomys - Kangaroo rat
Genus Microdipodops - Kangaroo mouse
Subfamily Perognathinae - Pocket mice
Genus Perognathus - Silky pocket mouse
Genus Chaetodipus - Pocket mouse (uncertain where to put it)
Alexander, L. F. and B. R. Riddle.
Phylogenetics of the New World rodent family Heteromyidae.
Journal of Mammalogy, 86:399-379.
http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Heteromyidae.html
A kangaroo mouse is either one of the two species of jumping mouse (genus Microdipodops) native to the deserts of the Southwestern United States.
Most of them can be found in the state of Nevada.
The name "kangaroo mouse" refers to the species' extraordinary jumping ability, as well as its habit of bipedal locomotion.
The two species are:
Pale Kangaroo Mouse - Microdipodops pallidus
Dark Kangaroo Mouse - Microdipodops megacephalus
Both species of kangaroo mouse live in sandy desert ecosystems.
They forage for seeds and vegetation amongst the scrub brush of their native habitat.
The Dark Kangaroo Mouse is also known to feed occasionally on insects and carrion.
Interestingly, the mouse never drinks water, instead deriving it metabolically from the foods it eats.
The kangaroo mouse collects food and maintains large stocks in their burrows.
These burrows are excavated to a length of between 3 and 8 feet (1 to 2.5 meters).
The burrow, the entrance to which the mouse covers during daylight hours, is also used to raise litters of between 2 and 7 young.
The Pale Kangaroo Mouse burrows only in fine sand, while the Dark Kangaroo Mouse prefers fine, gravelly soils but may also burrow in sand or sandy soil.
Kangaroo mice are nocturnal, and are most active in the two hours following sunset.
They are believed to hibernate during cold weather.
Kangaroo mice in pop culture
In Frank Herbert's classic science fiction series Dune, the protagonist Paul Atreides acquires the name Muad'Dib, which in the Fremen language of Chakobsa  means kangaroo mouse.
On the planet Arrakis, kangaroo mice are known as "instructor-of-boys,"  due to their great survival abilities.
Brylski, P. "Pale Kangaroo Mouse" .
California Department of Fish and Game.
Retrieved July 9, 2005.
Brylski, P. "Dark Kangaroo Mouse" .
"Microdipodops" (TSN 180251).
Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
Retrieved July 13, 2005.
The silky pocket mouse (Perognathus flavus) is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae.
Like other members of the heteromyid family, they are more closely related to pocket gophers than to true mice.
The silky pocket mice are small animals with soft fur, long tails, and small feet compared to other heteromyids.
They have long claws which they use for digging burrows and sifting sandy substrates for seeds.
They have also been found to steal seeds from kangaroo rats' dens.
They are not true hibernators, but will go into torpor and stay in their burrows for extended periods of time.
Duff, A. and A. Lawson.
Mammals of the World A Checklist.
Nowak, Ronald M. 1999.
Walker's Mammals of the World, 6th edition.
Johns Hopkins University Press, 1936 pp.
Chaetodipus is a genus of pocket mouse.
Like other members of their family such as pocket mice in the genus Perognathus, they are more closely related to pocket gophers than to true mice.
Members of this genus range in size from 80–125 mm (head and body) and weigh 15-47 grams (Nowak, 1999).
Unlike the silky pocket mice (genus Perognathus), most species of the genus Chaetodipus have harsh pelage with some bordering on spiny hair.
They tend to be found in arid habitats where they feed on seeds, vegetation, and insects (Nowak, 1999).
Females give birth to a litter of 2-9 young after a gestation period of just under a month.
The longest recorded lifespan is 8 years and 4 months (Nowak, 1999).
Sometimes members of the genus Chaetodipus are placed in the genus Perognathus.
Patton, J. L. 2005.
Family Heteromyidae.
844–858 in Mammal Species of the World a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference.
Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.
Zarbon (ザーボン, Zābon) is a character in Dragonball Z.
Zarbon is a powerful warrior who values beauty and his looks above all else.
He first shows up in the Namek saga, and is shown to be one of Frieza's top two henchmen.
Little is known about the character other than his pride, and his long history with Vegeta.
His long, green braided hair, tiara and earrings might mean he was a high-class prince.
He also wears a very long cape as well as leg and arm-warmers.
Along with his choice of clothing, he wears the common armor that most of Frieza's men have, including the shoulder pads and a blue scouter.
He is very vain and he considers himself to be of high standard.
Zarbon has the ability to transform into a reptilian beast.
With brute strength and ferocity, his second form is much uglier than his first form.
Upon transforming, his size increases as well as his muscular build and his skin becomes covered with what appear to be scales, like a reptile.
It's clear that he finds this transformation ugly, as it not only offends his general love of beauty but also takes away his attractive form.
In essence, he is both a beauty and a beast.
In a speculative storyline written for the made-for-television Dragon Ball Z Special 1: Bardock- The Father of Goku set before the events of the Dragonball series, Zarbon appears to have acted primarily as Frieza's advisor.
It was Zarbon who is shown to have advised Frieza that it would be wise to wipe out the entire Saiyan race before they posed a threat.
He is depicted as being beside Frieza as the latter killed King Vegeta and destroyed Planet Vegeta.
Zarbon is first seen in the anime and manga when he accompanies Lord Frieza and Dodoria to the Planet of Namek in search of the Dragonballs, which Frieza desires so that he can wish for immortality.
Zarbon helps in the collection of most of the Dragonballs, mercilessly slaughtering Namekians who seek to keep the Dragonballs hidden.
After Vegeta, and the separate group of Gohan, Krillin, and Bulma show up, there are some scuffles that leave Dodoria dead.
Zarbon is the only remaining top henchman of Frieza, and is sent to find another Namekian village, but instead comes face to face with Vegeta.
Vegeta overpowers him at first, but when Zarbon realizes his life is threatened, he surprises Vegeta by transforming into his significantly more powerful -- and ugly -- form.
This allows him to easily beat Vegeta, who he leaves for dead.
After returning to Frieza, he is ordered to go back and retrieve Vegeta because he had hidden a Dragonball.
Zarbon does this, bringing Vegeta to Frieza's medics for treatment of his wounds.
However, Vegeta soon escapes with Frieza's dragonballs after being healed.
Ordered to find the Saiyan Prince or face death himself, Zarbon again sets out in search of Vegeta.
This time the Prince finds him, and the two battle while Krillin and Bulma look on.
Zarbon eventually transforms, but his power is not enough to defeat a healed Vegeta, and he is killed in the battle.
Appearances in other media
Zarbon has appeared as a playable character in numerous video games, some of which include Dragon Ball Z: Budokai Tenkaichi, Dragon Ball Z: Budokai, and Ultimate Battle 22.
In Dragon Ball Z: Super Sonic Warriors 2, he is a support-type character.
He is not only a playable character in Dragon Ball Z: Budokai Tenkaichi 2 but he has his own storyline (A What-if scenario added to the game to show Zarbon's love for his own beauty) in the main story mode of the game entitled "Beautiful Treachery."
Upon hearing of the power of the Dragon Balls, he hatches a plan to steal them and wish for eternal beauty.
This plan mainly revolves around forcing Krillin to assist him, killing Dodoria, and distracting Frieza with a surprise visit from his brother, Cooler.
He even gets to fight alongside Goku when his plan goes wrong.
In the end, the battle between Frieza and Cooler destroys the planet, tragically taking Zarbon, despite the effects of his wish, with it.
In an issue of Beckett Anime, a Beckett magazine publication, Zarbon was voted as one of the top five greatest henchmen of all anime, and was the only character from Dragon Ball Z on the list.
Dragonball Z manga and anime
Dragon Ball Z Special 1: Bardock- The Father of Goku
en:List of Dragon Ball characters#Zarbon
es:Anexo:Personajes de Dragon Ball#Zarbon
fr:Aliens de Dragon Ball#Zabon
pl:Lista postaci występujących w Dragon Ball#Zarbon
Dodoria (ドドリア, Dodoria) is a character in Dragonball Z.
Dodoria is a large, round alien warrior, appearing to be overweight by human standards.
He has protruding spikes on his arms and head.
He also wears the common armor that most of Lord Frieza's men have, including the shoulder pads and a green scouter.
Before the events of Dragon Ball Z, Dodoria was always by Frieza's side along with Zarbon.
He witnessed the killing of King Vegeta and the destruction of planet Vegeta.
Before the destruction of Planet Vegeta, he and a group of his elites were sent to eradicate Bardock and his team of fighters.
He was successful in killing most of the team, but left Bardock alive after using a powerful mouth blast on him.
Both Frieza and Zarbon looked down upon him for carelessly leaving him alive.
Dodoria accompanied his master Frieza and his comrade in battle, Zarbon, to the green Planet Namek in search of the Namek Dragonballs.
While searching in a village for a Dragonball, Dodoria killed a few villagers, but before he could kill Dende, he was attacked by Krillin and Gohan.
He pursued them, but they escaped after Krillin used a blinding attack called Solar Flare.
Dodoria then launched an attack over a large area, which lead him to believe that he had killed them.
On his way back, he was ambushed by Vegeta who easily overpowered him.
Dodoria tried to bargain with Vegeta by telling him the secret of the destruction of Planet Vegeta, but he did not care.
Vegeta killed him during his attempted escape.
He only cameos again during the movie Fusion Reborn and in the Super Android 17 Saga when people from Hell are able to escape.
He is killed again both times.
In addition he also loses his scouter while searching for Vegeta.
Dodoria uses his brute force to overwhelm his opponents.
He has the generic powers that many other Dragon Ball characters share, including the ability to throw numerous exceptionally powerful rapid blasts.
He can also emit blasts from his mouth as well, most commonly known as mouth blasts.
The most noticeable trait that Dodoria has is his ability to throw his weight around.
He is extremely fast in spite of his weight.
He can perform multiple spins and aerial strikes regardless of his size.
Video game appearances
Dodoria has appeared as a playable character in many video games, some of which include Dragon Ball Z: Budokai, Dragon Ball Z: Budokai Tenkaichi, and Dragon Ball Z: Budokai Tenkaichi 2.
He is also in Dragon Ball Z: Super Sonic Warriors 2 but only as a support-type character.
Everything here comes exactly from the English dubs, not the manga
es:Anexo:Personajes de Dragon Ball#Dodoria
fr:Aliens de Dragon Ball#Dodoria
pl:Lista postaci występujących w Dragon Ball#Dodoria
fi:Luettelo Dragon Ballin hahmoista#Dodoria
Perognathinae is a subfamiliy of rodents.
It contains the silky pocket mouse and the pocket mouse
Frieza (フリーザ, Furīza) is a fictional character and first major villain in the Dragon Ball manga and Dragon Ball Z.
Frieza is one of the strongest aliens in Dragon Ball Z. He enjoys invading other planets.
Frieza is a very mean person who thinks he is very strong.
He has destroyed planets, without mercy.
He will even kill his own servants if he wishes to.
Frieza is always trying to get more power.
Because of this, he ends up fighting the heroes of Dragon Ball Z so he can get the Dragon Balls.
The Dragon Balls are magical balls that can grant wishes to whoever collects all 7.
Name pun and debate
Frieza's name is a pun on all things relating to the cold, with family members introduced later following his example.
As his name ends in a short "a" vowel (rather than the long "ā" which usually signifies "er" in kana spellings on English words), the character's name is typically spelled with an "a" at the end (as opposed to "Freezer").
However, during FUNimation's dubbing of Dragon Ball Z, the English writers went with the spelling of "Frieza".
This has led to some conjecture over it: U.S. released video games and the English dub use "Frieza", while the Japanese language subtitles on FUNimation's DVDs and the Viz translation of the manga uses "Freeza."
Planet Namek takeover
Frieza spies on Vegeta during his mission on Earth and learns that there are Dragon Balls on Planet Namek.
He wants to get them and wish for Immortality, so Frieza and his soldiers try and steal the Dragon Balls from the Namekians.
After Cui, Dodoria and Zarbon; three of Frieza's soldiers, are beaten by Vegeta, he sends the Ginyu Force, his strongest men, to get the Dragon Balls and destroy the Saiyan enemy.
They almost win, but Goku comes to Namek and quickly defeats them.
While trying to learn how to summon Porunga, the namekian dragon, Frieza is confronted by Nail, the strongest of the Namek warriors.
Frieza defeats Nail effortlessly, leaving him to die after discovering that dende has ran to the Z-fighters to tell Krillin and Gohan how to use the dragon balls.
Enraged, the great tyrant follows in pursuit of the heroes only to be faced with a much more powerful Vegeta who is now capable of matching Frieza's current strength.
Spurred on by Vegeta, Frieza unveils his second form, allowing him to defeat Vegeta and critically injure Krillin, taunting Gohan with his friend's limp body.
Before he can finish them off, Piccolo joins the battle - roughly even in abilities to Frieza, thanks to a splendid fusion with the dying Nail.
The heroes are able to regroup, Dende healing them one after another.
Frieza himself is seriously wounded for the first time: Krillin is able to chop off a portion of his tail using a Destructo Disk.
Having difficulty contending with Piccolo, Frieza again transformed, unlocking more of his power and enabling him to lay waste to his opponent.
Finally he unveiled his true form, stressing that he intended to give his foes the pleasure of observing it before they died.
As his first act, Frieza murders Dende, who had been healing the heroes, before brutally beating Vegeta.
Just as Frieza was about to slay Vegeta, the healed Goku arrives on the battlefield, ready to fight Frieza.
Vegeta, believing (incorrectly) that Goku had finally become a full-fledge Super Saiyan, taunts Frieza, even though, he, Vegeta, is too badly beaten to even stand.
Frieza, proud of his past accomplishments, smirks before sending a Death Beam through the Saiyan Prince's heart.
Teetering on the brink of death, Vegeta is able to tell the newly healed Goku of Frieza's genocide of the Saiyan race, imploring him to take revenge on behalf for all Saiyans.
As Vegeta finishes his plea to Goku, he dies.
Goku, saddened by Vegeta's death, buries him and vows to finish Frieza.
Goku and Frieza then spar, with Frieza realizing that his opponent is the son of the Saiyan that gave him such trouble years before.
Goku and Frieza are an even match for a while, until Frieza reveals that he had only been fighting at a mere fraction of his full power.
Frieza then increases to 50%, and easily gains the upper hand against Goku, with Goku struggling to keep up.
Believing the warlord dead, the heroes take the time to relax, not noticing that Frieza had emerged from the blast's crater.
Frieza retaliates by mortally wounding Piccolo and murdering Krillin.
Already bordering on the edge of his rage, Frieza killing Krillin, pushes Goku over it, his rage exploding, causing Frieza to inadvertently create what he had always feared: A Super Saiyan.
In the ensuing battle, Frieza and Goku trade blows, but as the fight progresses, Frieza's power gradually diminishes with the repeated punishment.
In frustration, Frieza sends a Death Ball into the core of the planet, starting a chain reaction that would destroy Namek in "five minutes".
Frieza unleashes 100% of his power.
Frieza is now able to launch a huge assault against the surprised Goku, who had not expected Frieza's power to be as high as it is.
Goku and Frieza face off and eventually after a very long battle, Goku gets the battle under his control, and calls off the fight, claiming it would be pointless to continue; Frieza losing strength rapidly and Goku already having humbled the tyrant.
Humiliated, Frieza refuses to relent, attacking Goku with two Tsuibi Kienzan.
As Goku dodges the attacks, Frieza ironically becomes distracted long enough to be vivisected by his own attack.
Barely clinging to life but desperate to survive, Frieza begs and begs for mercy, which Goku hesitantly provides.
Frieza's arrogance refuses to allow him to be beaten and saved by a Saiyan "monkey", and he expends what little energy he has left to attack Goku.
Overcome with anger, Goku fires a Ki blast that consumes both Frieza and his attack, seemingly ending Frieza's reign over the universe.
Death of a great tyrant
Unbeknownst to Goku, Frieza survived the destruction of Namek.
Able to do nothing more than breathe, Frieza floated in the planet's debris, kept company only by his thoughts of how the universe's conqueror had been thoroughly beaten by a Saiyan.
His father, King Cold, had crews search the area, not believing his son to have been killed by something as insignificant as the explosion of a planet.
What could be found of Frieza was salvaged, his missing limbs and face reconstructed with cybernetic enhancements.
Scarred and bitter - though feeling stronger than he had before.
Frieza's first thought upon rehabilitation is revenge on those who sullied him.
Frieza beats Goku to Earth.
Despite his ill intentions towards Earth and all who lived there, Frieza notes "It's a good planet" on first viewing.
Frieza orders his henchmen to find and slaughter its inhabitants, with Frieza keen on killing his enemy's friends himself.
However, his army is torn apart by the blade-wielding fighter Future Trunks.
Frieza dismisses his challenger as an insolent child, and pays him almost no heed until the boy reveals himself as another Super Saiyan.
Dumbstruck, Frieza makes several different efforts to kill Trunks, each of which is parried easily.
He then plays his trump card in the form of a Death Ball ten times the size of the one that destroyed Planet Namek.
Even this is nonchalantly brushed away, until a mortified Frieza causes it to detonate with another shot of ki.
Thinking him to be destroyed by the assault, both the father and son are stunned when Trunks fires the Burning Attack out of nowhere.
Fuming, Frieza becomes oblivious to his opponent's position, and is surprised and sliced in half by the Saiyan youth before being cut to pieces and blown to dust.
In Dragon Ball GT, he teams up with Cell to act as a distraction for Goku while a horde of villains from the Z-Fighters' past escape Hell.
Frieza traps Goku in the next world, but even allied with Cell, he is eventually defeated and remains in Hell.
Forms and transformations
Over time, Frieza's power became so great that his body could not comfortably contain it, and a series of physical transformations were developed that limit his actual strength While changing shape from his "first-form", each alteration builds on the previous.
In all, Frieza demonstrated four transformed states, each with increasing power (some larger than others and each resulting in different physical attributes).
In his first form, Frieza is a relatively short humanoid, albeit with a large chestnut-shaped skull with two horns.
He also has a tail with a spiked end, as well as having three talon-like toes.
He wears the same upper-body armor that many of his subordinates (including the Saiyans) are shown to wear, and while traveling, often gives the appearance of weakness by exclusively using his hoverchair for transportation, leaving his henchmen to do his "dirty work".
His second form is similar in appearance to the first, except much larger, both in height and muscle mass, Frieza claiming to have nearly doubled his power in this state.
He also grows longer horns, which now instead of protruding sideways from his skull curve sharply upwards into near right angles.
His armor cannot contain his form and shatters, leaving him with a new, white natural armor covering his chest and shoulders.
In this form, he somewhat resembles his father King Cold.
Third form
Frieza's third form is again more brutish, with an extremely elongated skull.
His facial features contort and change, with his nose melding into his mouth to form a crude beak.
His original horns recede, and more now erupt in pairs along the length of his head.
He walks and stands with a slight hunch, as if the strain of supporting his head was too much for even Frieza's own body to bear.
This form vaguely resembles a Xenomorph from the Alien movies.
Drastically differing from his previous transformations, in his final form Frieza instead regresses, becoming shorter and less bulky, his horns and spikes disappear and his physique becomes streamlined.
His skin becomes pure, solid white with purple sections on his head, shoulders, forearms, chest and shins.
100% power
Frieza is also able to attain 100% power, greatly increasing his muscle mass.
At 100% this is literally the peak of Frieza's strength and the maximum amount of power his body can output; his muscle mass becomes engorged compared to his previously sleek frame.
However, due to the strain on his body he can not fight at full capacity for long, slowly weakening whether he is dealing or receiving damage.
Mecha Frieza
Physically ruined while caught in the Planet Namek's explosion after his defeat, what remained of the still-living Frieza was salvaged and rebuilt with cybernetic enhancements by scientists under the order of King Cold.
The whole of the lower half of his body and right side of his face are replaced, with scarring and metal accouterments covering what little was left of his organic self.
These enhancements allowed him to exceed the limits of power imposed by his fully organic form, though how much more powerful it made him is unknown.
Techniques and special abilities
Like almost all Dragon Ball Z characters, Frieza is able to fly through use of pushing ki off the ground.
An attack used by Frieza.
A spark of ki lights on the index finger, and once enough energy is gathered this spark may grow to the size of a small moon.
When ready, this "Death Ball" is thrown towards the target.
Typically this attack is used to destroy planets or as a last-ditch effort to kill an opponent.
Frieza can use a more powerful larger version called the Supernova.
Daichiretsuzan ("Great Earth Cutting Row")
A powerful, very long and invisible blade-like energy beam Frieza creates with two of his fingers; it can slice through anything, as stated by Frieza.
While it is not named in the English dub of the anime, the name given in the Dragon Ball Z: Budokai game series is Death Wave.
Frieza's favored killing technique.
He extends his right arm and fires a small, bullet-like beam of ki from his index finger, which barrels down and pierces an opponent.
Able to be fired exceedingly quickly while maintaining precise aim.
Frieza murders both Dende and Vegeta in this fashion, also heavily wounding Piccolo.
Called Death Beam in the U.S. releases of recent Dragon Ball Z video games.
Hokaku Kon Dan ("Imprisonment Ball")
A special attack used on Goku, where he captures his opponent in a ball of energy they can not break out of.
Frieza can manipulate this ball as much as he wants, but it explodes as soon as it touches any surface other than Frieza himself.
Precise laser-like beam shot from the eyes.
Mild potency, but fast and able to nullify lesser attacks and small projectiles, as well as destroy weaker opponents and obstacles.
Used by Frieza to enter the hut of the Namekian elder Guru while seeking the Dragon Balls and in battle with Goku.
Frieza can lift or move large objects through the air with his mind.
Used by Frieza in his fight with Goku.
Tsuibi Kienzan("Following Energy Circle Slicer")
Similar to the normal Kienzan (most commonly used by Krillin), Frieza's are faster, a different color (purple), and can be controlled remotely.
Frieza creates two of these to hound Goku until he's sliced in half by his own attack.
Called the Energy Disc or "Destructo Disc" in the English version.
Dragon Ball Z: Budokai Tenkaichi 2 names this attack the "Death Saucer."
Transformation (Henshin)
This is Frieza's ability to morph himself from a weaker state to a more powerful one.
These transformations were originally a containment of his true power, with his actual form being what's commonly referred to as "final".
In all Frieza demonstrated three transformations and four altered states, overlooking his bulk at 100% power and cyborg augmentation.
Yubisaki kara no Shogekiha ("Shockwave blast from the finger")
A fairly weak, but incredibly fast burst which explodes at a location Frieza points to.
He uses this ability many times in rapid succession to quickly defeat Piccolo after transforming into this third form.
It is called Crazy Finger Beam in the Dragon Ball Z: Budokai games.
A powerful push attack used by Frieza at 70% power.
Frieza will put both his arms out and the put his palms out in front of him, blasting his opponent away.
Ryusei Nakao
Pauline Newstone
Linda Chambers-Young
Not Jeice
Carlos Campanile
Philippe Ariotti
Joaquim Monchique
Movies and specials
Frieza appears in the following Dragon Ball Z movies and television specials:
During the TV Special, Frieza mulls over the Saiyans' increasing power until Zarbon advises his master to eliminate Bardock and his team.
In the end, Frieza is challenged by Bardock himself, who survived the onslaught and wants revenge for the death of his crew.
Bardock fires a ki attack at Frieza, who makes a huge energy ball and cancels out Bardock's attack.
Frieza then sends the ball straight into the core of the Planet Vegeta, wiping out almost the entire Saiyan race and many of his own henchmen.
Frieza only appears in a flashback during the prologue of the movie, destroying Planet Vegeta.
Cooler watches him from his spaceship and scolds his brother for not seeing the escaping spacepod containing baby Kakarrot/Goku.
When Janemba appears, the dead are revived and they all escape to Earth, under Frieza's command.
Frieza confronts Gohan and Videl, and immediately recognizes Gohan as Goku's son.
Deciding the boy should pay for his father's "sins", Frieza sends his army of villains (Zarbon, Jeice, Burter, Bojack, Cooler, Paragus, Recoome, Salza, etc.)
to attack the couple, but Gohan flies through them all and silences him by punching Frieza in the stomach and blowing him away with an energy shot to the gut.
His terrified minions quickly disperse.
In addition, Frieza's destruction of Planet Vegeta is shown from another point of view in Burn Up!!
A Close, Intense, Super-Fierce Battle (DBZ Movie #8) and the mercenaries from Super Deciding Battle for the Entire Planet Earth (DBZ Movie #3) believe they would be strong enough to challenge Frieza after eating the fruit of the Tree of Might.
He also appears in footage from the Famicom game (and later Playdia remake) Plan to Eradicate the Saiyans.
In it Frieza seems to be somehow resurrected, with he and past villains Cooler, Tullece, and Lord Slug attacking Goku and his friends.
Once it's revealed these are merely ghost-warriors meant to distract the heroes, however, the false Frieza and his allies are easily dealt with.
All games are listed in chronological order of release.
Dragon Ball Z II: Gekigami Frieza (NES) in First and Final Form
Dragon Ball Z: Barcode Battler (NES) Playable in First and Final Form
Dragon Ball Z Gaiden: Saiyajin Zetsumetsu Keikaku (NES) in Final Form
Dragon Ball Z: Supa Saiyajin Densetsu (SNES) in First and Final Form
Dragon Ball Z: Super Butoden (SNES) Playable in Mecha Form
Dragon Ball Z: Buyuu Retsuden (Sega Mega Drive) Playable in Final Form
Dragon Ball Z: Idainaru Goku Densetsu (TurboGrafx) in Final Form
Dragon Ball Z: Goku Gekitouden (Game Boy) Playable in First and Final Form