the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_split huggingface dataset:
One event was reestablishment of the Independent Treasury System.
Another important act was the reduction of tariffs.
Polk also gained Oregon territory to the 49th parallel.
The most important accomplishment of James K. Polk was westward expansion.
He acquired more than 800,000 square miles of western territory.
James K. Polk acquired this throughout the Mexican American War.
He was influenced by Andrew Jackson.
James supported Jackson’s plan to dismantle the Bank of United States and replace it with a decentralized government banking system.
James accomplished his 4 major goals throughout his presidency.
James K Polk became a private citizen at the end of his 4 years in office.
He and his wife decided to move to their Nashville home in Nashville, Tennessee because they wanted to retire and live a quiet life.
Instead of directly returning to Tennessee, the Polks decided to tour the Southern states.
Along the way he gave many speeches to the public.
Within two weeks, James’ health suffered from the strains of travel.
As the trip continued, the Polks were often forced to stop along the way to allow James to rest.
The rest did not help.
After arriving at their Nashville home, James Polk again fell ill and complained of horrible stomach pains.
This time James had a serious disease called cholera.
At the age of 53, James Knox Polk died on June 15, 1849.
On his deathbed James asked his wife to free their slaves when she died.
Sarah lived 42 more years and the Civil War freed their slaves long before she died.
He was first buried at the Nashville City Cemetery then moved to his Nashville home but was later moved to the Tennessee state capitol after his Nashville home was later sold.
He had the shortest retirement of any president, dying only three months after leaving office.
Polk's White House biography
1795 births
Deaths from infectious disease
Speakers of the United States House of Representatives
Albert Arnold "Al" Gore, Jr.  (born March 31, 1948) is a former American politician.
He was the 45th vice president of the United States under Bill Clinton from 1993 to 2001.
Before that, he was a U.S. senator and a congressman for Tennessee.
He was chosen as the Democratic nominee of the 2000 United States presidential election, but lost the electoral vote to Republican candidate George W. Bush because of Florida and the US Supreme Court ruling a 5-4 favor of Bush.
He was supposed to be president before the supreme court decision.
Gore got more votes, though.
After the election, Gore became an activist focusing on climate change.
Gore won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2007.
Albert Gore, Jr. was born at Columbia Hospital for Women in Washington, D.C. He is the second of two children.
His father, Albert A. Gore Sr.
was a Senator for Tennessee and congressman.
His mother, Pauline LaFon Gore was one of the first women to have graduated from Vanderbilt University Law School.
Gore is descended from Scots-Irish immigrants who first settled in Virginia in the mid-17th-century, and moved to Tennessee after the Revolutionary War.
At least two of these ancestors, Jacob Waggoner and Lewis Stunston, owned slaves.
Gore was brought up in both Washington and Tennessee.
His older sister was Nancy LaFon Gore, who was born in 1938, died of lung cancer in 1984.
Gore was a Representative from 1977 to 1985 and a Senator from 1985 to 1993.
In 1988 he ran for President for the first time, but lost to Michael Dukakis in the Democratic primary.
In 1993, he became Vice President to Bill Clinton.
He ran for President in 2000, but lost to George W. Bush (many people still argue this).
Even though he lost the race, Gore won in the popular vote by over 500,000 votes.
After the vice presidency
Gore is now a businessman, and runs and works for several companies, including Generation Investment Management, Google, Apple, and TV channel Current.
He is also a fighter for issues involving the environment.
He released a movie in 2006 about global warming and climate change called An Inconvenient Truth, which was based on a slide show he had given to millions of people.
In 2007, Gore won the Nobel Peace Prize which he shared with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
Potential 2016 presidential campaign
Interest in having Gore run for the 2016 Presidential election arose in 2014 and again in 2015.
Gore did not run in 2016 and has expressed no interest to run in future elections.
He currently lives in Nashville and was married to Tipper for 40 years.
In June 2010, they filed for divorce.
The Gores have 4 children and 2 grandchildren.
American war correspondents
Green thinkers
Politicians from Washington, D.C.
One day, Tommy is killed by a gang of bad boys from his home town for no reason at all.
Miss Ossie was an old lady who used to take care of Tommy from the very beginning.
When the young boy is killed, she decides to bury him in her backyard as a way to keep him around anyway.
Several years later in the 1990s, a bunch of teenagers go to Miss Ossie's house and they do something that brings Tommy back to life.
Some kind of spelling that resurrect the deformed kid.
For some reason, Tommy comes back as an angry and even more grotesque creature who wants to take revenge on the people who killed him in the past and innocent people as well.
1994 horror movies
American horror movies
It was based on a short film Lucas made in college in 1967 called Electric Labyrinth THX 1138 4EB.
1971 movies
Bats are mammals in the order Chiroptera.
Bats are nocturnal – they are active during the night, dusk, or dawn and they sleep during the day.
Most use echolocation to catch prey and to find their way about.
As nighttime animals, bats avoid direct competition with birds, few of which are nocturnal.
Bats usually live in caves or trees.
In North America and in Europe they sometimes live in people's houses or barns.
They are protected animals in the UK.
Bats are a successful group.
They are the second largest order of mammals: there are more than 1,200 species of bats.
This means that 20% of all living mammal species – one in five – are bats.
About 70% of bats are insectivores, which is the basal form of life for this group.
The common pipistrelle is a successful example.
Most of the rest are fruit-eaters (fruit bats).
A few species suck blood, and a few large ones are carnivorous.
Bats live everywhere except the Arctic, Antarctic and a few oceanic islands.
They usually roost in caves, old buildings, or trees.
Traditionally, bats are divided into two groups.
Microbats mostly use echo-location and catch insects, but just a few eat fish or drink blood.
Megabats do not echolocate, but instead eat fruit or nectar.
Most of the bats are well-known for their uncanny capability to avoid flying into dark places, and most of the bats use sound to navigate during the night.
Bachen et al says that bats can fly and find their food by listening to the outcoming echoes and sending out high-frequency squeaks even in total darkness.
Megabats (Megachiroptera)
Microbats (Microchiroptera)
The phylogenetic relationships of the different groups of bats have been the subject of much debate.
The traditional subdivision between Megachiroptera and Microchiroptera reflects the view that these groups of bats have evolved independently of each other for a long time, from a common ancestor which was already capable of flight.
The hypothesis was that flight only evolved once in mammals.
Most molecular biological evidence supports the view that bats form a single or monophyletic group.
Fossil bats
There are few fossilized remains of bats, as bats are terrestrial and light-boned.
An Eocene bat, Onychonycteris, was found in the 52-million-year-old Green River Formation in Wyoming, United States, in 2003.
It could fly, but the well-preserved skeleton showed the cochlea of the inner ear could not achieve the great hearing ability of modern bats.
This was evidence that flight in bats developed before echolocation.
The team said it lacked ear and throat features not only of echolocating bats today, but also in other known fossil species.
Fossil remains of other Eocene bats, Icaronycteris, Archaeonycteris, Palaeochiropteryx, Hassianycteris and Australonycteris all show a similar mixture of basal and derived traits, as expected by mosaic evolution.
All Eocene bats had long tails.
This feature is also found in early flying insects in the Carboniferous, in early pterosaurs and in Archaeopteryx and other dinobirds.
The tail helped to keep their flight stable, which means it kept on course, and did not dart about much.
To dart about quickly requires special advanced brains and reflexes, which later bats, birds and pterosaurs had, but early ones did not.
It requires more brains to control unstable flight than it does for stable flight.
That early bats had long tails was predicted by John Maynard Smith before any fossil early bats were found.
Onychonycteris had longer hind legs and shorter forearms, similar to climbing mammals that hang under branches such as sloths and gibbons.
This palm-sized bat had broad, short wings, suggesting it could not fly as fast or as far as later bat species.
Instead of flapping its wings continuously while flying, Onychonycteris likely alternated between flaps and glides while in the air.
Such physical characteristics suggest this bat did not fly as much as modern bats do, rather flying from tree to tree and spending most of its waking day climbing or hanging on the branches of trees.
An interesting thing about bats is that even though they can see with their eyes, they also use their ears to help them 'see' in the dark.
Because of this, they can fly into very dark places where no eye could see.
This way of sensing is called echolocation.
Echolocation means they use echoes to find where things are.
Echolocation is like sonar, which submarines and ships use to find things underwater.
This is how it works: when a bat flies, it makes lots of sounds.
We cannot hear these sounds (they are too high-pitched), but bats can hear them.
Biologists have instruments to record them, and then play them back at a lower frequency so humans can hear them.
When a bat makes its noises, the sound waves move away from the bat.
If they hit something, they bounce back to the bat (this bounce is called an echo.)
If nothing bounces back, the bat knows there is nothing in front.
They use this echolocation to catch their food, like butterflies or dragonflies.
When a bat begins its nightly exploration, it usually sends out about 10 calls per second.
From the echo they know what is in front.
When they get an echo from something good to eat, the calls increase up to 200 calls per second.
This increase of sounds is called a feeding buzz.
The bat makes a feeding buzz to sense all the quick moves of the insect it is trying to catch.
Hearing and understanding the echoes that go back to the bat takes special structures in the bat's brain.
Because of this, many scientists, doctors, and even the U.S. army study bats carefully.
The U.S. army spends hundreds of thousands of dollars every year to study echolocation in bats.
Bats also have reasonably good eyesight, and can see their prey and where they are flying if it's not too dark.
There are lots of stories about bats flying right into people, but this is not true.
They can see in the light very well, and in the dark, they can see much better than us.
So the expression "blind as a bat" is not very scientific.
Some bats use echolocation to communicate with each other to find food in groups.
Scientists from the Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior studied the bat Molossus molossus, which hunts insects in groups.
They found the bats could understand echolocation noises made by other bats and even tell which other bat in their group had made the sound, like people recognizing each other's voices.
Bat wings
Bats fly with their hands.
In fact, the name of the order of bats, Chiropetera, means 'hand-wings' in Greek.
Bat and bird wings are different.
Birds do not have long finger-like bones in their wings like bats.
Birds can not move each of their fingers, but bats can.
Because of this, bats can change their direction while flying or fly in any pattern they want: this makes it easier to catch their food.
A bat flies as if they are "swimming" through the air – pushing both wings down and backward.
A bird's wing has lots of feathers, while a bat's wing is mostly a stretchy, thin skin called a patagium.
This thin membrane of skin stretches between each finger bone, connects to the bat's ankle, and connects to the bat's tail (if it has one).
A bat folds its wings next to its body when not flying.
Bats have one claw (sometimes called a bat thumb) that sticks out of the top of the wing.
They use their "thumb" to climb and crawl.
Interestingly, bats also use their thumbs to clean their ears.
Bats' wings have a lot of maneuverability (they can change direction well) – more than a bird, in fact – but they do not have a lot of lift.
Because of this, bats usually have to climb up onto a tree or jump up into the air for the boost before they start flapping their wings.
Even though bats are very small, they live a long time.
Some bats can live forty years.
Scientists think this is because their immune systems are very good at fighting viruses.
Bats fight viruses without having inflammation in their bodies.
Doctors think inflammation causes harm to the body, so they think this could be why bats live a long time.
Because bats rest in large groups with many other bats, they can pass diseases to each other easily.
This means that over thousands of generations, viruses and other germs have placed selective pressure on bats, killing bats with weak immune systems and leaving bats with good immune systems to survive and have young.
Megabats eat fruit, nectar or pollen.
They pollinate flowers and sometimes spread their seeds.
Many tropical plants completely depend on bats.
Most microbats (7 out of 10 bat species) are insectivorous, that is, they eat insects.
Some microbats eat small vertebrate animals (small mammals or fish), blood, or even other bats.
There are only a few species of vampire bats, which eat blood from cattle.
Resting position
Most bats rest, sleep and hibernate in an upside-down position.
They hang on to branches or rocks with their feet.
To do this they have a locking mechanism on the tendons in their feet which stops them from slipping.
The energy they spend hanging on is greatly reduced.
The most obvious gain is that they can sleep without falling off.
Once the tendons are locked, the muscles in their legs and feet can relax.
Even dead bats stay hanging.
Unusual bats
Fruit bats (Pteropodidae) are the largest of the bats.
They eat fruit and can see well.
There are 166 species, all found in the Old World.
Vampire bats live in Latin America.
They are famous for only drinking blood.
The greater noctule bat lives in Europe, West Asia and North Africa and it hunts birds.
The greater bulldog bat of South America swoops low over water and grabs small fish with its claws.
The bumblebee bat, from Thailand, is the world's smallest bat, and is also one of the world's smallest mammals.
Adults grow to a length of 29-33mm, and weigh 2 grams.
The biggest known bat is the giant golden-crowned flying fox.
It has a wing span of 1.5m and weighs approximately 1.2 kg.
The Christmas Island pipistrelle is a bat whose extinction date is not known.
Bats and people
Bats in folklore and fiction
In the West, bats are associated with vampires, who are said to be able to change into bats.
Bats are also a symbol of ghosts, death and disease.
However bats are said to be lucky in some European countries, such as Poland.
The bat is used in fiction by both villains like Dracula and heroes like Batman.
Kenneth Oppel wrote a series of novels, beginning with Silverwing, which feature bats as good characters.
Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra (29 September 1547 – 23 April 1616) was a Spanish writer.
His most famous book was Don Quijote de la Mancha.
It is considered the first modern novel, and therefore Cervantes was the first novelist.
The book has been published in 65 countries.
The work is considered among the most important in all of literature.
He is sometimes called "The Prince of Satire".
Military history and captivity
Nobody knows for sure the reasons that forced Cervantes to leave Castile.
Whether he was a "student" of the same name, a "sword-wielding fugitive from justice", or fleeing from a royal warrant of arrest, for having wounded a certain Antonio de Sigura in a duel, is another mystery.<ref>'The Enigma of Cervantine Genealogy, 118</ref>
In any event, in going to Italy, Cervantes was doing what many young Spaniards of the time did to further their careers.
Rome would reveal to the young artist its ecclesiastic pomp, ritual, and majesty.
In a city teeming with ruins Cervantes could focus his attention on Renaissance art, architecture, and poetry (knowledge of Italian literature is readily discernible in his own productions) and on rediscovering antiquity.
He could find in the ancients "a powerful impetus to revive the contemporary world in light of its accomplishments".
Thus, Cervantes' continuing desire for Italy, as revealed in his later works, was in part a desire for a return to an earlier period of the Renaissance.
By 1570, Cervantes had enlisted as a soldier in a regiment of the Spanish naval elite corps, Infantería de Marina, stationed in Naples, then a possession of the Spanish crown.
He was there for about a year before he saw active service.
In September 1571 Cervantes sailed on board the Marquesa, part of the galley fleet of the Holy League, Spain, the Republic of Venice, the Republic of Genoa, the Duchy of Savoy, the Knights Hospitaller based in Malta, and others, under the command of King Philip II's illegitimate half brother, John of Austria, that defeated the Ottoman fleet on October 7 in the Gulf of Lepanto near Corinth, at great cost to both sides.
Though taken down with fever, Cervantes refused to stay below, and begged to be allowed to take part in the battle, saying that he would rather die for his God and his king than keep under cover.
He fought bravely on board a vessel, and received three gunshot wounds – two in the chest, and one which rendered his left arm useless.
In Journey to Parnassus he was to say that he "had lost the movement of the left hand for the glory of the right" (he was thinking of the success of the first part of Don Quixote'').
Cervantes always looked back on his conduct in the battle with pride; he believed that he had taken part in an event that would shape the course of European history.
1547 births
1616 deaths
Spanish writers
The first Game Boy was released in 1989.
It had a small screen, a D-pad, Start and Select keys, and an A and B button.
To play games, there were small objects called cartridges that you put into the Game Boy to play the game in the cartridge.
The game that made it popular, and the system's launch title, was Tetris.
The Game Boy had a link cable and a link port which let it connect with other Game Boys to play games in multiplayer mode.
Game Boy Pocket
After the Game Boy, Nintendo released the Game Boy Pocket, which was a smaller Game Boy more convenient to carry around.
It had a better, sharper screen and it only needed two AAA batteries instead of four AA.
The link port was smaller than the Game Boy's, so the Game Boy and Game Boy Pocket could not connect with the original connector cable; a newer model cable with double-sided ends was needed to do this.
The Game Boy Light was only released in Japan and had a front-light (the blue light used on old watches) so people could see better.
It is very rare - only about 12,000 of them were manufactured.
Because it is rare, it sells for more money than other Game Boys.
The Game Boy Color was the first Game Boy in color.
It was also able to play Game Boy cartridges, which helped it sell better.
This also helped other Game Boy models after the Game Boy Color.
It is sometimes called the GBC.
The Game Boy Advance is a handheld that had better color and smaller cartridges.
It could play more advanced games than the previous Game Boys.
It is sometimes called the GBA.
It came out in March 2001.
The Game Boy Advance SP was an improved version of the original GBA.
It has a clamshell design, which means you can fold it to make it smaller when you're not using it.
It has a front-lit screen (better than the one on the Game Boy Light), which the Game Boy Advance did not have.
It can play Game Boy and Game Boy Color games, along with the new cartridges introduced with the GBA.
A newer model, labeled the AGS-101, was released which had an even better backlight and very good contrast; some people say it is the best way to play Game Boy, Game Boy Color and Game Boy Advance games.
The Game Boy Micro is a smaller variation of the GBA.
It has a smaller link port than the Game Boy Advance.
Its backlight and contrast are as good as the 101 model of the Game Boy Advance SP.
Unlike its predecessors, it cannot play GB or GBC games.
Succesors
The Nintendo DS line is the successor to the Game Boy line.
It consists of the Nintendo DS and the Nintendo 3DS.
When Nintendo released the Nintendo DS handheld in 2004, they said it was a "third pillar" (the other two pillars were the Game Boy and the home console).
It has two screens, one of which is a touch screen.
DS games use cards in Slot 1.
Slot 2 can accept Game Boy Advance games.
A newer model, called the DS Lite, released in 2006, also plays GBA games.
But neither of them play older Game Boy or Game Boy Color games.
The DSi and DSi XL, released in 2008 and 2009, replaced the GBA slot with an SD Card.
This makes it impossible to play GBA games.
Some DS games also included extra features contained in "option paks", which were just like GBA games.
So these features could not be used on those DS games if they were played on the DSi or DSi XL.
Like the DSi and DSi XL, the 3DS line is not backwards compatible with GBA games.
However, GBC games can be downloaded through the Virtual Console.
Pope Paul VI (; ), born Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini, was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 263rd Pope from 1963 until his death in 1978.
Paul was a spiritual leader and the head of the church bureaucracy.
Montini was born in Concesio.
That is near Brescia in northern Italy.
His father was editor of a Roman Catholic newspaper.
He received degrees in civil and canon law, theology and philosophy.
Before the papacy
Montini was ordained and celebrated his first mass in 1920.
He worked in the Vatican diplomatic corps.
During World War II, he was in charge of the Vatican's work for refugees and prisoners of war.
He was made Archbishop of Milan in 1954.
Pope John XXIII made Montini a cardinal in 1958.
Cardinal Montini was elected Pope in 1963.
Pope Paul continued the Second Vatican Council which was begun by Pope John XXIII.
His first encyclical is the only one in the Vatican archives which is in the handwriting of the pope who delivered it.
Paul VI was known as the "pilgrim" pope for his numerous travels.
He was the first pope to fly in an airplane.
In 1964, Paul was the first pope to travel from Rome to the Holy Land.
He flew first to Amman in Jordan.
Then he traveled by car to Jerusalem.
In 1970, the pope visited Australia, the Phillipines, and Indonesia.
In 1975, Paul declared 1975 to be a "jubilee" year with themes of renewal and reconciliation.
In 1978, Prime Minister Aldo Moro was kidnapped in Rome.
Pope Paul VI made an offer to exchange his life for Moro's.
The offer was not accepted.
Moro was killed 55 days later.
Serafian, Michael. (
The Pilgrim.
New York: Farrar, Straus.
OCLC 386084?
Vatican webpage,  Paul VI biography
Catholic Hierarchy, Pope Paul VI
Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church,  Cardinal Montini
Paul 06
The Macao Special Administrative Region (Macau or Macao, ) is one of China's two Special Administrative Regions. (
The other one is Hong Kong).
Macau is a small city in the southern coast in China.
Like Hong Kong, Macau has a large amount of autonomy, with its own passport, currency, economic rules, and constitution.
It consists of Macau Peninsula (Aomen Bandao), Taipa Island (Dangzai Dao), Coloane Island (Luhuan Dao) and Cotai (Ludangcheng), the new reclaimed land between Taipa and Coloane.
It is very densely populated, with over half a million people living in just over 12 square miles.
Macao used to be a colony of Portugal.
Although Portuguese is an official language alongside Chinese (as a result of it being a Portuguese colony in the past), very few Macanese actually speak Portuguese; only about 0.7% speak it at home.
As a matter of fact, English is more commonly spoken, despite it not being an official language (about 2.3% speak it at home).
Cantonese is the main dialect of Chinese spoken in Macau.
However, Mandarin has also become more common since Portugal returned it to China in 1999.
Today, Macao mostly lives off of offshore gambling.
In fact, Macau generated 7 times greater gambling revenue than Las Vegas in 2013.
People in Macau also make some money from exporting clothing.
As Macau was previously a Portuguese colony, you can easily find traces of how the Portuguese culture is presented in the city.
One of them is itinerary for couples, who are intending to spend a day exploring Macau.
Economy of Macau
Macau’s economy relies on gambling.
Eighty percent of the government’s revenue  is derived from gambling.
The revenue generated by gambling  in 2019 was $36.5 billion, which is about 6 times larger than Las Vegas.
Macau has 41 casinos including several  that belong to Wynn resorts and Sands.
Macau is the only part of China where gambling is legal.
Many of the customers of casinos are wealthy Chinese.
Around 2020 Chinese new year  authorities closed down travel from China to Macau.
Visits fell eighty percent.
It is estimated by some observers that the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak will cost Macau between 5-15 percent of its gambling revenue.
Taipei City () is the capital city of the Republic of China, known by most people simply as Taiwan.
It is the largest city in Taiwan.
Its population in 2014 was about 2.7 million people.
Its mayor is Ko Wen-je.
Taipei is the political, economic, educational, and cultural center of Taiwan island, and one of the major hubs of Greater China.
Considered to be a global city, Taipei is part of a major high-tech industrial area.
Railways, Taipei Metro, high-speed rail, highways, airports, and bus lines connect Taipei with all parts of the island.
The city is served by two airports – Taipei Songshan and Taiwan Taoyuan.
Taipei is home to various world-famous architectural or cultural landmarks which include Taipei 101, Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall, Dalongdong Baoan Temple, Taipei Zoo, National Taiwan University, Hsing Tian Kong, Lungshan Temple of Manka, National Palace Museum, Presidential Office Building, Taipei Guest House, Ximending, and several night markets dispersing over the city.
Its natural features such as Maokong, Yangmingshan, and hot springs are also well known to international visitors.
In 1626, Spanish people took over and started to spread their religion.
The Dutch moved out Spanish and took over their fortresses than the Dutch started their trading business.
In 1661 Koxinga came to Taiwan and expel the Dutch.
And he started to reclaim Taiwan, used a system called Tuntian (a state-promoted method of agriculture), it successfully help Taipei to grow more food.
Taipei officially became part of the Tianxing county of China.
In 1683 Taiwan got marked as part of the Qing Dynasty.
Therefore, a lot of Chinese moved into Taipei, so there were many villages and streets formed, like the Mengjia, Shilin Street, Xikou Street and Dadaocheng.
Dadaocheng is a place that produces tea, it has an important impact on how Taipei became prosperous.
It was the biggest external trade port that .
Foreign countries started to set their business stores in Taipei.
Taipei City is divided into 12 districts.
Among the notable one is Tamsui.
When compared to other Asian cities, Taipei has "excellent" capabilities for managing air quality in the city.
Its rainy climate, location near the coast, and strong environmental regulations have prevented air pollution from becoming a substantial health issue, at least compared to cities in southeast Asia and industrial China.
However, smog is extremely common and there is poor visibility throughout the city after rain-less days.
Motor vehicle engine exhaust, particularly from motor scooters, is a source of air pollution in Taipei.
There are higher levels of fine particulate matter and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the mornings because of less air movement; sunlight reduces some pollution.
Kaohsiung (Second largest city in Taiwan)
1709 establishments
Establishments in Taiwan
1700s establishments in Asia
Robert (Bob) Chiarelli (born September 24, 1941) is a retired Canadian politician, who from 2001 to 2006 was the mayor of Ottawa.
In 2006, Chiarelli was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario, serving as the Member of Provincial Parliament for the riding of Ottawa-West-Nepean.
In the 2018 Ontario provincial election, Chiarelli was not reelected and decided he would retire from politics.
Chiarelli grew up in Ottawa, and was married to the late Carol Chiarelli.
Politicians from Ontario
A skeleton is the hard structure that protects the internal organs of a living thing.
Skeletons can be inside the body or outside the body.
In mammals, which include humans, the skeleton is made of bones.
All the bones, when they are joined together, make the "skeletal system" of a body.
The skeletal system or "skeleton" is under the skin, the muscle and the tissue of the body.
The skeleton supports the skin, muscle and tissue, and all the organs that are inside the body.
The skeleton protects important internal organs like the brain, heart and lungs.
If humans did not have a skeleton then the body would be flat as the skeleton gives the body its frame.
Creatures that have skeletons inside their bodies are mammals, birds, reptiles and fish.
A skeleton that is on the inside is called an endoskeleton.
Some creatures, called arthropods, have skeletons outside their bodies.
These are insects (like ants and bees), arachnids (spiders and scorpions), and crustaceans (sea creatures like crabs and lobsters).
These creatures all have skeletons made of hard plates or shells.
This kind of skeleton is called an exoskeleton
A new born baby has 300 bones but he was adult his bones are joint and it has 206 bones.
Bones of the head
The skull is made of a group of curved bones fitted together like a ball, which protects the brain, the eyes and the inside parts of the ears.
The bones of this part of the head, together, are called the cranium.
The skull has a top jaw, and a bottom jaw, with teeth in them.
The jaws are called the "upper" and "lower" mandibles.
The "lower mandible" is moved by strong muscles so that the teeth can bite and chew food.
There are several other small bones which make up the face.
There are also several small bones in the front and side of the neck.
The smallest bones in the body are three tiny bones inside the ear, which vibrate to help a person hear sounds.
Bones of the spine
The spine supports the head, the chest and the structure that carries the arms.
It is made of small bones called vertebrae.
The spine, all together, is called the spinal column.
It is not straight, but has curves that help to support the body, and help the person to move and bend.
One bone is a "vertebra".
More than one are "vertebrae".
The neck vertebrae are called cervical vertebrae. (
ser-vick-al ver-ta-bray)
The chest vertebrae are called thoracic vertebrae. (
thor-assic vert-ta-bray)
The vertebrae of the "lower back" are called the lumbar vertebrae.
The next vertebrae are joined together in a triangular shape called the sacrum.
The hip bones are attached to the sacrum and support it.
At the bottom of the "sacrum" are some little tail-bones.
They are called the coccyx.
On many animals the "coccyxal vertebrae" are long, making a tail that the animal can move, but on humans, apes and some other creatures, they are very short.
Bones of the pelvis
This part of the body is made of the sacrum and the two pelvic bones which are joined to it on either side.
The pelvic bones are carried by the leg bones, and they support the "spinal column".
Each pelvic bone has a strong structure for the leg bone to fit into, so that a person can stand, walk, run and jump.
Each pelvic bone spreads into a large flat plate which supports the person's "internal organs".
The pelvis of a woman spreads into a wider shape than a man's, so that when the woman is pregnant, the baby is supported by the pelvis, until it is ready to be born.
At the bottom of the pelvis is a large opening, big enough for a baby to pass through.
Bones of the chest
The chest is called the thorax, and the vertebrae that are part of it are the thoracic vertebrae.
The thorax is made up of long flat curved bones called ribs.
At the back, the ribs are joined to the vertebrae.
At the front, most of the ribs are joined to the sternum, which is often called the "breast bone".
All together, the "thorax" protects the heart, lungs and stomach.
At the top of the "thorax" is the shoulder girdle.
This is made of two thin horizontal bones at the front, joined to the "sternum".
These two bones are called the clavicles or "collar bones".
At the back of the "thorax" are two flat triangular-shaped bones called the scapulae, or "shoulder blades".
The "clavicles" and "scapulae" come together on each side to make "shoulders".
The bones of the arms fit into sockets (cup-like holes) in the "scapulae".
Bones of the limbs
Arms and legs both have a thicker bone at the top and two thinner bones at the bottom.
They both have a rotating joint at the top, and a hinge joint in the middle.
The hands and feet have lots of bones and are joined to the arms and legs by small bones with sliding parts.
Bones of the arms
The upper bone is the humerus,  so when people bang their elbow, they often say that they bumped their "funny bone".
The bone that sticks out at the elbow and runs down the outside of the arm is the ulna.
The bone that is on the thumb-side is called the radius.
Near the elbow, it is joined to the "ulna" in a way that allows it to rotate.
The "radius" and the "ulna" can twist around each other, allowing a person to turn their hand.
The small bones of the wrist are called carpals, and the bones inside the hand are called metacarpals.
The finger bones are the phalanges.
Bones of the legs
The upper bone of the leg, which is the longest bone in the body, is called the femur.
The bone at the back of the leg is called the tibia, or "shin bone".
It makes the inside ankle bone.
The thinner bone at the side of the leg is called the fibula.
It makes the outside ankle bone.
The small bones that join the foot to the leg bones and allow it to move are called the tarsals.
The bones inside the foot are the metatarsals.
The toe bones are called phalanges, like the finger bones.
The leg has another bone.
At the front of the joint where the "tibia" meets the "femur" is a small round bone like a little shield, to protect the joint.
It is called the patella.
Skeletons in culture
Skeletons as symbols
Skeletons and skulls can be seen carved on many tombs, from ancient times to the 20th century.
Skeletons or skulls are often seen in medieval and Renaissance paintings or stained glass windows, reminding people that life is short.
Skeletons or skulls were often used as a sign to frighten people.
Skeletons would be left hanging in public places, such as cross-roads or bridges to remind the people of a town that they would be punished by death if they broke the law.
Skeletons or skulls were a symbol used by pirates.
Skeletons in popular culture
There are stories where skeletons rise from the dead.
Things that come back to life are called undead.
In these stories, most skeletons are controlled by a person who brings them back to life.
These people are called necromancers.
A necromancer uses magic to make the skeleton move and act upon his/her will.
Anything related to Catalonia
Catalan people, the people of Catalonia
The GP2X is a handheld gaming console.
It uses the Linux operating system.
An operating system goes inside another system.
It helps the other system do what it needs to.
The GP2X can have music, videos, games, and pictures.
There are updates to the GP2X so it will get more things.
The GP2X can have DivX, XviD, MP3, and Ogg Vorbis.
DivX and XviD are ways to keep videos and MP3 and Ogg Vorbis can keep music.
It can also be able to emulate video games.
Emulating means you copy a system.
It can emulate systems like the Nintendo Entertainment System, Sega Master System, Turbo Grafx 16, Game Boy, Super Nintendo Entertainment System, and Genesis.
Germany, Austria and Switzerland (GP2x.de) Official distributor.
A community is a collection of living creatures that share a common habitat.
They are frequently interested in the same things.
People in human groups share some of the same values and needs, which has an impact on the group's and individuals' identities.
Despite the fact that communities are established on personal interests, each individual is unique in their own manner, which is the primary source of social variety in a community.
Upton Beall Sinclair (September 20, 1878 – November 25, 1968) was a writer of many works from the United States.
His most famous book, The Jungle from 1906, was about the American meat-packing industry.
Upton Sinclair had socialist political opinions.
Most of Sinclair's books, including The Jungle, dealt with social injustice.
He also wrote a book called Mental Radio where he claimed to have conducted telepathic experiments with his wife.
He wrote many other books.
His book The Flivver King was about the Ford Motor Company.
The Flivver King was written at the time when workers at Ford factories were trying to start a labor union.
He wrote a series (many books in a row) with Lanny Budd as the main character.
There were eleven (11) Lanny Budd books.
The Lanny Budd books were about current events in the World at the time.
He later joined the Democratic Party and ran for governor of the state of California in 1934.
He wanted California to start new businesses which would be run by the state government.
This was to help people who were unemployed (did not have jobs) because of the Great Depression.
Works by Upton Sinclair in audio format from LibriVox
The Jungle Department of American Studies, University of Virginia
The Cry for Justice: An Anthology of the Literature of Social Protest, Bartleby.com
Guide to the Upton Sinclair Collection , Lilly Library, Indiana University
Upton Sinclair, "EPIC", Virtual Museum of the City of San Francisco
writers from Maryland
19th-century American novelists
Gizmondo is a handheld video game system.
It is made by Tiger Telematics.
It has GPRS and GPS.
GPRS is used to go on the Internet, and GPS is where you can see where you are.
Some games use the Gizmondo's GPS.
It has a camera.
It can also send text (words) and multimedia (pictures and videos and music) messages, play MP3/WAV/MIDI music and WMA/MP4 video, and play games.
MP3, WAV, and MIDI are ways to keep music, and WMA and MP4 are ways to keep videos.
The Gizmondo came out in the United Kingdom in March 2005 for £229.
It came out in the USA in October 22, 2005.
Games include Agaju: the Sacred Path, Colors, and Chicane.
The Antarctic Treaty System is a set of agreements about the continent of Antarctica.
It was signed in 1959 and took effect in 1961.
So far, it has been signed by 46-48 countries.
The ATS is used for governing the continent.
The main idea of the Antarctic Treaty System (ATS) is to make sure that Antarctica is:
is used peacefully and taken care of.
is not exploited or used for animal hunting.
is not involved with military use unless for peaceful purposes.
is not owned by one group.
is not ruled by any country and/or continent.
is not used for violence e.g. testing nuclear missiles.
1950s treaties
Antarctic region
Kansas City is the biggest city in the U.S. state of Missouri.
The Kansas River and Missouri River meet one another in Kansas City.
The city has about 448,000 people, and the entire metropolitan area has about 2,000,000 people, some of whom live in the state of Kansas.
Its mayor is Sly James.
Some sports teams there are the Royals (baseball), the Chiefs (American football), and the Wizards (soccer).
Kansas City is well known for some of its barbecue restaurants, and is also an important place for business.
County seats in Missouri
Cascading Style Sheets, or CSS, is a way to change the look of HTML and XHTML web pages.
CSS was designed by the W3C, and is supported well by most modern web browsers.
The current version of CSS is CSS3.
CSS4 is available, but is split into parts.
Background -color :white
}The p refers to all HTML elements with the <p> tag.
The CSS is being used to change this element.
The color and font-size are both properties and the blue and 120% are values.
Each property has a set of possible values.
These values can be words or numbers.
To give the main Title on a page a solid red border underneath, we would apply this CSS rule to the page.
5px otherwise known as pixels, represents the thickness of the line:
}The h1 refers to all HTML elements with the <h1> tag.
The border-bottom is the property and the 5px and solid red are values.
Website about CSS3
Allah () is the common name for God in the Arabic language.
It is similar to Eloah, Hebrew name for God and Alaha, Aramaic name for God.
Muslims commonly use the word Allah for God.
Sometimes, people who speak Arabic still use the word Allah when they speak English.
In Islam, Allah is Merciful and Allah is the one who loves his followers.
In the Canaan pantheon dating back to 2000 BC, "El" or "Il" was in the position of chief.
El had such qualities as almighty, eternal, immortal, the sole ruler of everything in the earth and heaven, the creator god, the god of the covenant etc.
El was transferred to Aramaic as Eloh or Elaha, to Hebrew as Eloah, and in the New Testament, "Eli" and "Elohi" were used to mean god.
El  continues to appear in names ending with el or il; Gabri-el, Mika-el, Azrael, Israel, Israel, Yishmael , Emanuel etc.
As a common noun
In Arabic, the general word for a god is ilaah.
It can mean a specific god, or any god at all, depending on how it is used.
As a proper noun
As a proper noun, "Allah" is a name for one God.
In Arabic, the word al is an article (a word for "the"), so al-ILaah means "The God".
Usually, the word "Allah" is used by Muslims.
However, Arab Christians also call their God "Allah."
The name "Allah" is made of four letters in Arabic,  (or Alif Lam Lam Ha, from right to left, A-L-L-H), which when brought together make الله
There are many different names for God in Islam.
However, "Allah" is the most common.
It means the same thing as any of the other names.
For Muslims, "Allah" describes a single God who is all-powerful and never makes mistakes.
Muslims believe that Allah created everything, including the heavens and the Earth, simply by saying Kun Faya Kun ("Be and it is").
In Judaism
In Judaism, God is usually called YHWH and Eloah.
Both names are mentioned in the Old Testament and are one of the seven names of God in Judaism.
It can also be noted that in Judaism, Elohim is a name for God and in Islam, Allahuma is a name for God.
Since Jewish and Muslim names of God are very similar, Jews and Muslims say that they believe in the same God.
Arab Christians call their God "Allah" due to Arabic language.
In the Bible translation into Arabic, God is referred to by this name.
The word "Allah" was also used in the old Turkish translations of the Bible, e.g. 1941 version, due to Islamic hegemony on Turkish people and influence of Arabic on Turkish.
The iPod nano is a MP3 player made by Apple Inc.  It is available in 8GB and 16GB memory, in nine colours: silver, grey, purple, blue, green, yellow, orange, red, and pink.
Features (5th Generation)
There is a built-in FM receiver inside the iPod nano, and with the radio app, radio from the FM channels can be listened to.
There is also a feature called Live Pause which allows listeners to pause the radio stream, and resume it at the same place later.
The iPod nano can 'talk to you', using a feature called VoiceOver.
When the button on the headphones or the Click Wheel is held down, VoiceOver will speak the song currently playing and its artist.
This feature is available in 20 languages.
The iPod nano has a built-in pedometer.
You can create a Daily Step goal, or use the 'Always On' setting so it counts all of your steps.
Using the Nike+iPod sport kit, the iPod nano can be used as a fitness aid.
It can measure your run by fitting into the insole Nike+ shoe pocket, then it can sync it to nikeplus.com.
Nike+ is also compatible with some exercise machines.
The iPod nano includes a video camera which can be used to capture video.
You can add fifteen video effects, then upload it to YouTube, MobileMe, or Facebook with your computer.
The iPod Nano was first released on September 7, 2005.
1, 2, and 4 GB iPods were available.
The second generation iPod Nano was released on September 25, 2006.
Like the second generation iPod Mini it was available in different colors.
But unlike the Mini, the click wheel was grey for all colors except for the black iPod which had a black click wheel.
On October 13, 2006, a Product Red iPod Nano was released.
For each red iPod Nano sold a $10 donation goes to the Product Red brand.
On November 3, 2006 a red 8GB iPod Nano was released due to high demand.
The third generation iPod Nano was released on September 5, 2007.
It had a new smaller and wider design, video playback ability and a new user interface.
A 4GB iPod was released in silver while an 8GB iPod was released in silver, turquoise, mint green, black, and Product Red.
A pink 8GB iPod was also released on January 22, 2008.
On October 6, 2007 Apple released OS 1.0.2 which improved cover flow and made going throw the menu a lot quicker.
On November 28, 2007 1.0.3 was released which fixed a couple of bugs.
On January 15, 2008 1.1 came out which had support for iTunes movie hiring, music song lyrics and more bug fixes.
1.1.2 and 1.1.3 had bug fixes.
They were both released in May and July 2008.
Fourth Generation
The six old colors (silver, black, mint, turquoise, berry red and rose pink were replaced with silver, black, purple, light blue, green, yellow, orange, red and pink.
But the Product Red iPod could only be bought on the Apple website and retail stores.
An accelerometer was also added to the iPod Nano.
Because of this, you could turn the shuffle songs feature on and off by shaking it, go through the cover flow when you put the iPod on its side and look at pictures portrait or landscape.
But videos could only be watched in landscape.
Because of the accelerometer feature, the Quiz game was removed and a new Maze game was added.
Fifth Generation
The iPod Nano fifth generation was released on September 9, 2009 and had a smaller price than the last generation.
At the time the 8GB Nano was $149 and the 16GB Nano $179.
The screen was also bigger and some new colors were introduced: Silver, Black, Purple, Blue, Yellow, Orange, Product Red, Green and Pink though the yellow and Product Red iPods were only available at the Apple Website and retailers.
Sixth Generation
The sixth generation iPod Nano was released on September 1, 2010.
It was a combination of the iPod Shuffle by the size and shape and the iPod Touch by the touch screen, a sleep/wake button and the user interface and icons.
This iPod Nano however didn't have a video camera, the ability to play back videos, the voice-recorder, (though plugging in the headphones with a microphone would show a voice memos app) built in speaker and games.
But it did still have a pedometer and an FM radio.
The price for this iPod Nano was also the same GB models for the same prices as the previous generation Nano.
The seventh generation iPod Nano was released on October 12, 2012.
The shape was again similar to the fifth generation shape but it was still the same size as the sixth generation and still had a touch screen but only a single 16GB iPod Nano was released but video playback was also restored.
It was discontinued on July 27, 2017, alongside iPod Shuffle.
Proton decay is a theory where some physicists believe that radioactive decay could also be that a proton decays into two particles smaller than an atom, a pion and a positron.
So far, this has not been observed though.
Most current theories say that protons do not decay.
ja:陽子#陽子の崩壊