the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_embeddings huggingface dataset:
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 Countries not having the "political will" to help Rwanda (countries did not see helping Rwanda as important, and did not think they would get anything out of helping)
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 Because there was little to no news broadcasts about Rwanda, most people in the world did not know what was going on there.
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 Martin Dominque argues that world leaders may not have wanted to send troops to Africa because they had the wrong ideas about what African people are like.
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 If they thought African people were always fighting each other and always would, they would think the Rwandan genocide was no different.
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 Since the independent report came out in 1999, the UN and the United States have released documents that used to be classified.
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 Roméo Dallaire also says he tried many times to warn the United Nations that a disaster was coming in Rwanda.
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 The next day, he received a fax back from Kofi Annan, who was in charge of peacekeeping at the United Nations.
Kollam temple fire 
 On 10 April 2016 at around 3:30 am Indian Standard Time, there was an explosion and fire at the Puttingal Temple in Paravur, Kollam, Kerala, India.
Kollam temple fire 
 The temple did not have permission from Kerala Government authorities to do a competitive fireworks display.
Marie Christine de Rouvroy 
 She was a lady-in-waiting to three of the daughters of Louis XV of France and to the Countess of Provence.
Marie Christine de Rouvroy 
 Her parents were Jacques Louis de Rouvroy, Duke of Ruffec (1698-1746) and his wife Catherine Charlotte Thérèse de Gramont (1707-1755).
Marie Christine de Rouvroy 
 she was formally married to Prince Charles Maurice Grimaldi of Monaco, "Count of Valentinois" on 10 December 1749.
Marie Christine de Rouvroy 
 The wedding took place in the private chapel of the Hôtel Saint-Simon in Paris with the express permission of Louis XV.
Złotoryja 
 Złotoryja (German: Goldberg, Latin: Aurum) it's a town in southwest Poland in Lower Silesian Voivodeship.
Impuzamugambi 
 Together, these two militias killed tens of thousands of Tutsis, members of another ethnic group, in the Rwandan genocide.
Impuzamugambi 
 In 1992, two political parties that supported the Hutu president created the Impuzamugambi and the Interahamwe.
Impuzamugambi 
 One of the militias' commanders bragged that his men were so well trained that they could kill 1,000 Tutsis in 20 minutes.
Impuzamugambi 
 On April 6, 1994, Rwanda's President, Juvénal Habyarimana, and Burundi's President were in an airplane that got shot down.
Impuzamugambi 
 Within half an hour of the airplane crash, the Impuzamugambi and the Interahamwe started blocking the roads in Kigali, Rwanda's capital city.
Impuzamugambi 
 Leaders gave the militia lists of people they wanted to be killed; if one of these people stopped at a roadblock, the militia would kill them
Impuzamugambi 
 During the first few days of the genocide, the Rwandan Army and the Presidential Guard took charge of executing people in Kigali.
Impuzamugambi 
 However, the Impuzamugambi and the Interahamwe were with them, and the soldiers taught them what to do.
Impuzamugambi 
 First the soldiers would fire grenades, tear gas, and machine guns into places where Tutsis might be staying.
Impuzamugambi 
 In this way, the Rwandan army and the militias killed 20,000 people in the first five days of the genocide.
Impuzamugambi 
 According to Human Rights Watch, before April 6, the militias had only about 2,000 members, mostly in Kigali.
Impuzamugambi 
 However: "Once the genocide began and militia members began reaping the rewards of violence, their numbers [increased quickly] to between twenty and thirty thousand for the [whole] country[.]"
Impuzamugambi 
 Eventually, the Impuzamugambi and the Interahamwe grew so much that together they had 50,000 members.
Impuzamugambi 
 They encouraged, and sometimes forced, regular people to kill their Tutsi neighbors, friends, wives, or husbands.
Impuzamugambi 
 The militias massacred groups of Tutsis who were trying to hide in places like schools and churches.
Impuzamugambi 
 For example, on April 21, 1994, in the Murambi Technical School massacre, militia members killed almost 65,000 Tutsis in one day.
Impuzamugambi 
 Overall, during the genocide, between 150,000 and 250,000 women and girls were raped (though there is no way to know how many of these crimes were committed by militia, and how many by army members).
Impuzamugambi 
 After this, about two million Hutus ran away from Rwanda to Zaire (now called the Democratic Republic of the Congo).
Impuzamugambi 
 According to the BBC, "Human rights groups say the [Tutsi rebel army] killed thousands of Hutu civilians as they took power  and more after they went into [Zaire] to [follow] the [militias]."
Impuzamugambi 
 However, an international court was able to convict two of the Impuzamugambi's commanders: Hassan Ngeze and Jean Bosco Barayagwiza.
Impuzamugambi 
 In 1995, the United Nations Security Council set up the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR).
Impuzamugambi 
 In 2003, the ICTR found both Ngeze and Barayagwiza guilty of planning and leading the genocide; trying to get other people to commit genocide; and crimes against humanity.
Free France 
 These forces made a major impact on the German army by destroying railroads and attacking German units.
Prince Charles Maurice, Count of Valentinois 
 Prince Charles Maurice, Count of Valentinois (14 May 1727 – 18 January 1798) was a Monégasque prince and member of the House of Grimaldi.
Prince Charles Maurice, Count of Valentinois 
 Born at the "Hôtel Matignon" in Paris, he was the eighth child of the reigning Princess Louise Hippolyte of Monaco and her husband Prince Jacques I. His father was the Duke of Valentinois but the title was given to Charles Maurice to be used as a Count.
Prince Charles Maurice, Count of Valentinois 
 His older brother Honoré III would later become the next Prince of Monacao when their father died in 1751.
Prince Charles Maurice, Count of Valentinois 
 Married on 10 November 1749 to Marie Christine de Rouvroy the couple were married in Paris with the express permission of Louis XV of France.
Prince Charles Maurice, Count of Valentinois 
 At the age of 18 he partook in the Battle of Fontenoy For his military abilities he was awarded the Order of the Golden Fleece.
École nationale supérieure de techniques avancées 
 École nationale supérieure de techniques avancées (ENSTA ParisTech) is a renowned graduate engineering school in France.
École nationale supérieure de techniques avancées 
 Academic activities and industrial applied research are performed mainly in French and English languages.
École nationale supérieure de techniques avancées 
 Most of the 600 graduate engineer students at ENSTA ParisTech live in dedicated residential buildings nearby research labs and metro public transports.
École nationale supérieure de techniques avancées 
 Admission to the "ENSTA ParisTech engineering Programme" implemented at ENSTA ParisTech is possible after two/three year scientific undergraduate studies and requires success to either:
École nationale supérieure de techniques avancées 
 a French nationwide selective exam with numerus clausus : concours Mines-Ponts (3-year curriculum including at least 2 years in France)
École nationale supérieure de techniques avancées 
 a selective application as per Top Industrial Managers for Europe (TIME) double degrees procedures applicable in Europe (2+2-year curriculum, including 2 years in France)
École nationale supérieure de techniques avancées 
 The "ENSTA Programme" typically lasts three years and results in a master's degree, augmented with international experience.
École nationale supérieure de techniques avancées 
 Thus undergraduate studies + the ENSTA Programme account for more than a cumulated 300 ECTS credits as applicable in the European education system.
École nationale supérieure de techniques avancées 
 However, graduate students enrolled in the TIME double degree procedure are required to spend two-years at ENSTA ParisTech and spend two years in the TIME-partner institute for a total of four years resulting in a double master's degree.
Wind instrument 
 A wind instrument is a type of musical instrument where the player blows into (or over) a mouthpiece to produce sound.
Kawasaki Heavy Industries C151 
 The Kawasaki Heavy Industries C151 is a type of train used by Singapore's Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) system.
Kawasaki Heavy Industries C151 
 It is the first generation rolling stock on the MRT and is one of the five types of electric multiple units on the North South and East West Lines.
Kawasaki Heavy Industries C151 
 There is a single money trainset with four cars that was used to collect money from different stations.
Kawasaki Heavy Industries C151 
 Most of the important parts for the trains' functioning were not replaced as they were still considered in good condition.
Kawasaki Heavy Industries C151 
 However, due to what was considered one of the MRT's worst breakdowns in its history, a second upgrade was planned to replace these important parts, but the Land Transport Authority paused the upgrades as they wanted to replace the trains entirely instead.
Kawasaki Heavy Industries C151 
 The train currently has a black livery with a red stripe, similar to that of the C751B and C151A. Before upgrades, it had a white livery with red stripe, similar to the C651.
Kawasaki Heavy Industries C151 
 After the upgrades, the number of seats in a row was reduced from 9 to 7, and more grab poles and straps were installed.
El Hedim Square 
 The square was built in the years 1672-1674 after the Sultan of Morocco, Moulay Ismail, demolished half of the Old city of Meknes for his palace and the square.
Buprestidae 
 In English, they are known as jewel beetles or metallic wood-boring beetles, because of the coloring of their carapace.
Moroccan riad 
 A riad normally has two or more storeys around an Andalusian-style courtyard that contained a fountain.
Income tax in the United States 
 In the United States, people have to pay income taxes to the United States government, most state governments, and many local governments.
Income tax in the United States 
 Income taxes are based on what a person earns in one calendar year  between January 1 and December 31.
Income tax in the United States 
 In other words, the income tax rate is the part, or portion, of a person's income that the government takes.
Income tax in the United States 
 Each tax bracket includes a range of incomes  the lowest and highest amounts a person could earn to be in that tax bracket.
Income tax in the United States 
 In other words, a person in a higher income category has to pay a larger percentage of their income in taxes.
Income tax in the United States 
 However, this does not mean that a person making $415,051 is paying 39.6% of that entire $415,051 in income taxes.
Income tax in the United States 
 The first $9,275 that they earned falls into the first tax bracket ($0  $9275, which has a 10% tax rate).
Income tax in the United States 
 For example, if a person has paid to move, paid into a retirement fund, or paid student loan interest, they can take these costs off their gross income.
Income tax in the United States 
 The federal government allows each person who files taxes to take a tax deduction called a "personal exemption."
Income tax in the United States 
 When the United States Congress created tax rules in 1954, they thought a certain amount of money should not be taxed so that a person could spend that money on food, housing, and other basic needs.
Income tax in the United States 
 For example, if a person in Massachusetts pays rent to a landlord, they can deduct half of their rent (up to $3,000) from the amount of income the government can tax them on.
Income tax in the United States 
 This means that if a person spends money on certain things, and meets all the rules of the credit program, the credit can be up to 35 percent of your qualifying expenses, depending upon your adjusted gross income.
Income tax in the United States 
 For example, the Child and Dependent Care Credit is for parents who work, but have to pay over $3,000 a year for someone to take care of their children while they are working.
Income tax in the United States 
 However, if they do meet them, the federal government will take $3,000 off of their taxes, to help the parents continue to work.
Income tax in the United States 
 Every year, most people in the United States must file a report of their income from the year, their deductions, credits, and any other special tax issues.
Income tax in the United States 
 On the other hand, if a person has been paying their taxes bit by bit, the government may owe them money.
Income tax in the United States 
 Single: People file this way if they are not married and do not fit under any of the other five categories
Income tax in the United States 
 Married Filing Separately: A married couple can file two different tax returns, one for each person, if they want to pay their taxes separately
Income tax in the United States 
 Head of Household: A person can file this way if they are not married; they pay most of the costs for their home; and a certain type of relative lived with them for more than half of the past year
Income tax in the United States 
 Qualified Widower with Dependent Child: If a person's spouse died during the tax year, the person can still file a joint return, as if their spouse was still alive.
Income tax in the United States 
 If this happens, they are allowed to file their taxes using the category that will let them pay the least amount of taxes.
Income tax in the United States 
 Filing status is important because many things change based on what filing status a person files their taxes under.
Income tax in the United States 
 Here is a basic example of how a person would work out what they have to pay in taxes, based on their income, filing status, and deductions.
Income tax in the United States 
 So, to get their taxable income, the person needs to subtract their deductions from their gross income.
Income tax in the United States 
 $20,000 (gross income)  $6,300 (standard deduction)  $4,000 (personal exemption) = $9,700 taxable income
Income tax in the United States 
 Now the person can use lists of tax brackets and marginal tax rates to figure out what they owe in taxes.
Income tax in the United States 
 According to the White House, in 2014, the United States government spent people's federal income taxes on these things:
Income tax in the United States 
 These include things like paying teachers, buying books, and paying for all the other things schools need.
Income tax in the United States 
 States paid about 13% of their income tax revenues to support community colleges, state (public) universities, and vocational schools.
Income tax in the United States 
 The 2015 report found that the states spent the other half of their income tax revenues on many different things.
Income tax in the United States 
 Paying the costs needed to keep the state government working, including paying the salaries of government workers
Income tax in the United States 
 Your Tax Receipt: Understand Where and How Your Tax Dollars Are Being Spent  (from WhiteHouse.gov  based on 2014 taxes)
Gomillion v. Lightfoot 
 Gomillion v. Lightfoot, 364 U.S. 339 (1960), was a United States Supreme Court decision in which the Court ruled the redrawing of the city's electoral district boundaries to prevent blacks from voting was unconstitutional.
Gomillion v. Lightfoot 
 The unanimous Court held that it violated the Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
Gomillion v. Lightfoot 
 In 1957, the Alabama state legislature passed Act number 140 that changed the borders of the city of Tuskegee's electoral district.
Gomillion v. Lightfoot 
 It changed the square boundary of Tuskegee to an irregular 28-sided figure that eliminated all but a few of the city's 400 black voters but did not eliminate any white voters.
Gomillion v. Lightfoot 
 The petitioners Charles A. Gomillion and other black former residents of Tuskegee brought the suit against the Mayor of Tuskegee, Philip M. Lightfoot.
Gomillion v. Lightfoot 
 The District Court dismissed the case on the grounds it did not have the authority to invalidate an Act passed by the state legislature.
Gomillion v. Lightfoot 
 On 14 November 1960, the Supreme Court dismissed the ruling by the lower courts and ruled the Alabama redistricting act was unconstitutional.
Gomillion v. Lightfoot 
 He admitted that when states exercise power "wholly within the domain of state interest" they are generally protected from judicial review.
Gomillion v. Lightfoot 
 But Alabama's representatives were not able to identify "any countervailing municipal function" that this act could serve.
Gomillion v. Lightfoot 
 It was clear the irregular shaped district had only one purpose, namely, to prevent blacks from any participation in the political system of Tuskegee.
Gomillion v. Lightfoot 
 Up to this point the Court had shown it was reluctant to interfere with the States when establishing political boundaries of their cities.
Gomillion v. Lightfoot 
 However, this case served to show that states cannot deprive citizens of their voting rights which are protected by the Fifteenth Amendment.
Gomillion v. Lightfoot 
 Although the practice of gerrymandering remained an issue after this case, the Court determined it was unconstitutional when it clearly discriminated against any particular racial group.
United States v. Wong Kim Ark 
 United States v. Wong Kim Ark, , is a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court ruled that a child born in the United States to parents of Chinese descent automatically becomes a U.S. citizen by birth based on the Citizenship Clause in the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
United States v. Wong Kim Ark 
 Wong Kim Ark was born in San Francisco, California in 1873 to parents who were Chinese immigrants and who remained the subjects of the Emperor of China.
United States v. Wong Kim Ark 
 This act denied citizenship to any Chinese immigrants and did not allow any new immigrants into the United States from China until 1892.
United States v. Wong Kim Ark 
 He visited them there but returned to San Francisco and was recognized as a native-born American citizen when he re-entered the country.
United States v. Wong Kim Ark 
 He was sent to Peking, China where he waited for a chance to return to the United States where he lived.
United States v. Wong Kim Ark 
 Ark did not know at the time his situation would be used as a test case by the United States government.
United States v. Wong Kim Ark 
 The anti-Chinese sentiment at the time was trying to undermine the Fourteenth Amendment provision which made Ark a citizen in the first place.
United States v. Wong Kim Ark 
 It said “All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the state wherein they reside.”
United States v. Wong Kim Ark 
 The Chinese came to America, mined its gold, built its railways and farmed much of northern California.
United States v. Wong Kim Ark 
 But when the Panic of 1873 struck, it caused a major depression where many in the U.S. lost their jobs.
United States v. Wong Kim Ark 
 The Chinese workers, who worked for very low wages, became scapegoats and were blamed for much of the trouble.
United States v. Wong Kim Ark 
 As a part of this, Congress enacted the Chinese Exclusion Act in 1882 to try to stop Chinese immigration into the U.S.
United States v. Wong Kim Ark 
 With legal support from the Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association, Ark sued the U.S. government.
United States v. Wong Kim Ark 
 The argument against Ark was his parents were subjects of China which made Ark a subject of China as well.
United States v. Wong Kim Ark 
 Therefore, he was not, in the words of the Fourteenth Amendment, "subject to the jurisdiction" of the United States and was therefore not a U.S. citizen.
United States v. Wong Kim Ark 
 Both China and Japan held that children born to their citizens, wherever they were born, was based on their bloodline.
United States v. Wong Kim Ark 
 Chinese law stated children born to Chinese nationals were citizens of China, as long as their birth is properly registered in China.
United States v. Wong Kim Ark 
 This means they are citizens, by 'right of the soil', based on the state, territory or country in which they were born.
United States v. Wong Kim Ark 
 Lawyers for the federal government claimed that Chinese citizenship law was more important than U.S. citizenship law in this case.
United States v. Wong Kim Ark 
 In 1890 he was allowed to enter the United States as a citizen but was denied entry in 1894 on the grounds he was not a citizen.
United States v. Wong Kim Ark 
 The question was whether the government could deny citizenship to persons born in the United States in violation of the Fourteenth Amendment.
United States v. Wong Kim Ark 
 The case of United States v. Wong Kim Ark set a legal precedent for all children born in the United States, regardless of their parents' status or citizenship.
United States v. Wong Kim Ark 
 During the campaigning for the United States presidential election, 2016, the issue of children born in this country to undocumented aliens has come up again.
United States v. Wong Kim Ark 
 Because of Wong Kim Ark, a child born in the U.S. is a citizen regardless of his or her parents’ citizenship or status.
United States v. Wong Kim Ark 
 This could change by means of a Constitutional amendment, but this is a lengthy and difficult process.
Western Punjabi Wikipedia 
 It holds the 88th place in complete list of Wikipedia by articles, with 62,567 articles as of June 2021.
Light Rail Transit (Singapore) 
 Singapore already had a good MRT system when the Land Transport Authority (LTA) decided to add the LRT.
Light Rail Transit (Singapore) 
 This new system would decrease traffic jams but without the huge cost and effort needed to build more MRT lines and stations.
Light Rail Transit (Singapore) 
 Construction began in January 2000 for both the East Loop and West Loop of Sengkang LRT and Punggol LRT.
Light Rail Transit (Singapore) 
 Further LRT line projects were cancelled in 2008 as there was not enough space to build them over the ground.
Light Rail Transit (Singapore) 
 The line is in the shape of a single loop and connects with the MRT North South Line at Choa Chu Kang Station and the Downtown Line at Bukit Panjang.
Light Rail Transit (Singapore) 
 The Sengkang LRT Line opened on 18 January 2003 while the Punggol LRT Line opened on 29 January 2005.
Light Rail Transit (Singapore) 
 Each line consists of an East and West loop, with each loop of a line meeting at either Sengkang or Punggol, and both lines being joined with tracks running parallel to the North East Line below.
Light Rail Transit (Singapore) 
 The LRT lines are served by Automated People Mover rolling stocks, which were initially in a one-car formation.
Light Rail Transit (Singapore) 
 The Bukit Panjang LRT Line started having 2-car formations when there was enough C801A trains ready for service, which the Sengkang and Punggol LRT lines started having 2-car formations around 2015.
Light Rail Transit (Singapore) 
 In 2-car formations, passengers cannot walk between cars, and people can only go to the other car by departing at a station and boarding the other carriage before the train leaves.
Light Rail Transit (Singapore) 
 Bombardier Innovia APM 100 C801, the first generation of rolling stock for the Bukit Panjang LRT Line.
Light Rail Transit (Singapore) 
 Bombardier Innovia APM 100 C801A, the second generation of rolling stock for the Bukit Panjang LRT Line.
Light Rail Transit (Singapore) 
 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Crystal Mover C810, the first generation of rolling stock for the Sengkang and Punggol LRT lines.