the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_embeddings huggingface dataset:
Assistance of Counsel Clause 
 The Court has decided that Americans have five different rights under the Assistance of Counsel Clause:
Assistance of Counsel Clause 
 The Supreme Court case Brewer v. Williams, , answered the question of when a person's right to a lawyer begins.
Assistance of Counsel Clause 
 After any of these things happen, a person has the right to a lawyer whenever they are interrogated.
Assistance of Counsel Clause 
 In the case Escobedo v. Illinois, , the Court also decided that suspects have the right to a lawyer when they are being interrogated by the police, even if they have not been charged with a crime yet.
Assistance of Counsel Clause 
 (A grand jury cannot find someone guilty of a crime or punish anyone; they can only decide that a person should be charged with a crime.)
Assistance of Counsel Clause 
 To make sure they get a fair trial, every defendant has the right to a lawyer without a conflict of interest.
Assistance of Counsel Clause 
 If a lawyer has a conflict of interest, and it hurts their defense of their client, an appeals court will automatically cancel the defendant's conviction.
Assistance of Counsel Clause 
 If a court violates a defendant's right to counsel of their choice, and the defendant appeals, the appeals court will automatically cancel the defendant's conviction.
Assistance of Counsel Clause 
 The defendant must be given a lawyer who can try a criminal case, and can defend their client effectively.
Assistance of Counsel Clause 
 The Supreme Court explained what "ineffective assistance of counsel" means in a case called Strickland v. Washington (1984).
Assistance of Counsel Clause 
 If a defendant can prove these things to an appeals court, they have proved that their lawyer was ineffective (not effective).
Assistance of Counsel Clause 
 However, a court can rule that the defendant will not be able to give himself a good enough defense.
Rights of Englishmen 
 The Rights of Englishmen is an assumed group of rights that had its roots in the basic rights granted in the Magna Carta.
Rights of Englishmen 
 By this time colonial Englishmen felt they were entitled to certain additional rights and liberties.
Rights of Englishmen 
 This was a grievance of British colonists who believed that they were not directly represented in the British Parliament.
Rights of Englishmen 
 They believed that any laws it passed affecting the colonists (such as the Sugar Act and the Stamp Act) were illegal under the Bill of Rights 1689, and were a denial of their rights as Englishmen.
Rights of Englishmen 
 This led to the American Revolution and is expressed in the Declaration of Independence as "certain unalienable rights".
Sodomy laws in the United States 
 In 2003, in a case called Lawrence v. Texas, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that sodomy laws were unconstitutional.
Sodomy laws in the United States 
 The first sodomy laws in America were created when America was still a colony of the British Empire.
Sodomy laws in the United States 
 In the Jamestown colony (the first permanent settlement in America), sodomy could be punished by execution.
Sodomy laws in the United States 
 In the 1600s, when executions for sodomy were most common, there may have been five or ten people executed for sodomy (including bestiality)
Sodomy laws in the United States 
 From 1700 to independence in 1776, there may have been five more executions for sodomy (including bestiality)
Sodomy laws in the United States 
 Historian Anne-Marie Cusac says that about fifty people were executed in the American colonies for sexual crimes (though these crimes included rape as well as sodomy)
Sodomy laws in the United States 
 By the time the Bill of Rights was ratified in 1791, every state in the new United States had laws that treated sodomy as a crime.
Sodomy laws in the United States 
 According to the Mattachine Society, one of the oldest gay rights groups in the United States, these were the punishments for breaking sodomy laws in 1964:
Sodomy laws in the United States 
 Another seven states changed their laws to say that sodomy between heterosexual couples was not a crime.
Sodomy laws in the United States 
 In 1986, the United States Supreme Court ruled that sodomy laws were constitutional, and that states could continue to use them.
Sodomy laws in the United States 
 This ruling meant that no sodomy law in the United States was constitutional or could be used to charge a person with a crime.
Sodomy laws in the United States 
 As of 2019, a total of 15 states had not repealed their sodomy laws, even though they cannot be used any more because of Lawrence v. Texas.
Gulf War oil spill 
 The Gulf War oil spill happened in January of 1991 during the Gulf War when Iraq troops were retreating from Kuwait.
Gulf War oil spill 
 Shortly after Coalition forces (made up of 39 countries) started the air campaign against Iraq, Iraqi soldiers opened the valves at the Sea Island oil terminal.
Gulf War oil spill 
 This released between five and ten million gallons of oil into the Persian Gulf—the largest oil spill in history.
CFA franc 
 The West African CFA franc is the currency of eight countries in West Africa: Benin, Burkina Faso, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Mali, Niger, Sénégal and Togo.
CFA franc 
 CFA means Communauté Financière d'Afrique ("Financial Community of Africa") or Communauté Financière Africaine ("African Financial Community").
Veronika Marchenko 
 Marchenko started the “Mother’s Right” Foundation in 1990 to bring attention to the problem of hazing in the Soviet military.
Pancuronium bromide 
 Because of this, a person who is given enough pancuronium bromide will be completely paralyzed until the drug wears off.
Pancuronium bromide 
 In hospitals, a person who is given pancuronium bromide is then   a tube is put down their throat to pump oxygen into their lungs.
Pancuronium bromide 
 This gives the body the oxygen it needs until the medication wears off, the breathing muscles can work again, and they can breathe in oxygen on their own.
Pancuronium bromide 
 This means that pancuronium bromide is not a sedative (it will not put a person to sleep), and it does not kill pain.
Pancuronium bromide 
 If a person is given only pancuronium bromide, their brain will keep working normally even while their body is paralyzed.
Pancuronium bromide 
 It keeps the patient's body from moving, and makes it easier to put a breathing tube down their throat.
Pancuronium bromide 
 In these three countries, pancuronium bromide is one of the medicines that doctors often use for euthanasia.
Pancuronium bromide 
 In the United States, people sentenced to death by lethal injection have usually been executed using three different medications.
Pancuronium bromide 
 They say that if not enough of the sedative medicine was given, nobody would be able to tell if the prisoner was in pain, because they would be paralyzed.
Pancuronium bromide 
 However, other doctors say that if the three drugs are given correctly, lethal injection should not cause pain.
Pancuronium bromide 
 Because doctors are supposed to "do no harm", many executions are now done by people who are not doctors.
Pancuronium bromide 
 Supporters of lethal injection say that prisoners have pain when these people make mistakes, not because of the drugs themselves.
Foreign national 
 In the European Union, a person is only thought of as a foreign national if they are not a citizen of any country in the European Union.
Foreign national 
 The United States Department of Homeland Security says that a foreign national as a person "who is a citizen of any country other than the United States."
2014–15 La Liga 
 The 2014–15 La Liga season (known as the Liga BBVA for sponsorship reasons) was the 84th season of the premier association football league in Spain.
2014–15 La Liga 
 Barcelona won its 23rd title on 17 May 2015 after defeating defending champions Atlético Madrid at the Vicente Calderón Stadium.
Constitutional convention (political meeting) 
 A constitutional convention is a convention where an organization's constitution can be created, revised, or amended.
Constitutional convention (political meeting) 
 A general constitutional convention is called to create the first constitution of a political unit or to entirely replace an existing constitution.
Constitutional convention (political meeting) 
 A limited constitutional convention is restricted to revising only a limited area of the current constitution.
Constitutional convention (political meeting) 
 For example, the United States Constitutional Convention of 1787 was supposed to be limited to amending the Articles of Confederation.
Constitutional convention (political meeting) 
 The United States Constitution is silent regarding rules of how a constitutional convention would operate.
Constitutional convention (political meeting) 
 Even calls for a constitutional convention made 50 to 100 years ago on an entirely different topic might be counted towards the required 34 states needed to call a constitutional convention.
Constitutional convention (political meeting) 
 They were concerned that such a convention might make unforeseen changes in any area of the Constitution.
Constitutional convention (political meeting) 
 Those in favor of a constitutional convention may want to count Oklahoma's call for a convention anyway.
Constitutional convention (political meeting) 
 Article Five of the United States Constitution provides two ways that constitutional amendments can be proposed:
Constitutional convention (political meeting) 
 If three-fourths (75%) of the state legislatures ratify the amendment, it becomes part of the Constitution.
Constitutional convention (political meeting) 
 This is a group of people  not members of the state legislature—who would decide whether or not to ratify the amendment.
Constitutional convention (political meeting) 
 If ratifying conventions in three-fourths of the states ratify the amendment, it becomes part of the Constitution.
Constitutional convention (political meeting) 
 An organized body (when an organization already has a constitution, officers and by-laws) will usually have appointed a committee on credentials and a committee on program before the convention begins.
Constitutional convention (political meeting) 
 The committee on credentials (also called registration) checks the identity of delegates and gives each one a name badge or card as evidence they belong there.
Constitutional convention (political meeting) 
 A program committee should have copies of the program available to all delegates before the convention begins.
Convention (meeting) 
 A convention is a meeting of individuals who meet at an arranged place and time to discuss or engage in some common interest.
Convention (meeting) 
 They often include keynote speakers, vendor displays, and other information and activities of interest to the event organizers and those who attend the convention.
Convention (meeting) 
 Fan conventions usually feature displays, shows, and sales based on pop culture and guest celebrities.
Convention 
 Convention (meeting), meeting of a (usually large) group of people and/or companies who share a common interest
Convention 
 Gaming convention, has role-playing games, collectible card games, miniatures wargames, board games, video games, and the like
Ella Mitchell 
 She is best remembered for playing  Hattie Mae Pierce (Big Momma) in the 2000 comedy movie Big Momma's House.
HMS Birkenhead 
 The HMS Birkenhead was a British troopship that sank on 25 February 1852 near Cape Town, South Africa.
HMS Birkenhead 
 She was designed as a steam-powered frigate, but was converted to a troopship before being commissioned.
HMS Birkenhead 
 Many of the lifeboats could not be lowered because of poor maintenance and a thick layer of paint that kept the mechanisms from working.
HMS Birkenhead 
 The soldiers famously stood aside and allowed the women and children to get into the working lifeboats safely.
HMS Birkenhead 
 The chivalry shown by the soldiers gave rise to the "women and children first" protocol when abandoning ship.
HMS Birkenhead 
 The Birkenhead steamed out of Simon's Bay near Cape Town, South Africa on February 25, 1852 bound for Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
HMS Birkenhead 
 The ship had been built by the famous Scottish John Laird family of Birkenhead, Merseyside, England.
HMS Birkenhead 
 The ship's captain, Robert Salmond, wanted to make the trip quickly so he hugged the South African coast staying about 3 miles (4.8 km) off the shore.
HMS Birkenhead 
 That evening, everyone was resting in their hammocks below decks when the ship hit a hidden reef off a point now called "Point Danger".
HMS Birkenhead 
 Because the winches were not well maintained and clogged with paint, the two large lifeboats that could hold 150 people each could not be launched.
HMS Birkenhead 
 The order was given for the men to "stand fast" (remain where they were) allowing the women and children into the few boats available.
HMS Birkenhead 
 The schooner Lioness discovered one of the cutters the next morning and made it to the scene where they rescued as many people as they could.
HMS Birkenhead 
 It was reported in The Times newspaper that there were 643 people on board the Birkenhead, but this was an estimate as the records were lost with the ship.
HMS Birkenhead 
 The survivors included about 113 Army personnel of all ranks, 6 Royal Marines, 54 sailors, 7 women and 13 children.
Constitutional Convention 
 Constitutional convention (political meeting), a meeting of delegates to adopt a new constitution or revise an existing constitution.
Petra Herrera 
 Petra Herrera changed herself into "Pedro" Herrera and joined the revolutionary troops of Pancho Villa.
Petra Herrera 
 She decided to reveal that she was a woman, but the  revolutionary leaders would not give her a military rank.
Petra Herrera 
 Cosme Mendoza Chavira, another follower of Villa, said "Ella fue quien tomo Torreón y apago las luces cuando entraron en la ciudad" (She was the one who took Torreón and turned out the lights when they entered the city.")
Petra Herrera 
 At the end of the fighting, she asked to be a general and to continue to fight, but they only gave her a promotion to colonel.
Petra Herrera 
 Others say she died in the cross fire between the federal soldiers and the revolutionaries in Zacatecas.
Petra Herrera 
 Others say she formed her own brigade of 25,000 women and lived in a camp where men could not enter without being attacked.
Bothriolepis 
 Bothriolepis lived in environments across every continent including near-shore marine and freshwater settings.
Bothriolepis 
 Over 70 species are found across the world, but this is also typical of modern bottom dwelling species around today.
Arthrodire 
 The Arthrodires (Arthrodira) are an order of extinct armoured, jawed fishes of the class Placodermi.
Arthrodire 
 They flourished in the Devonian period before their sudden extinction, surviving for about 50 million years and living in most marine ecological niches.
Arthrodire 
 Greek for "jointed neck", the arthrodires had movable joints between armour plates surrounding the head and body.
Arthrodire 
 Lacking distinct teeth, like all placoderms, they used the sharpened edges of a bony plate as a biting surface.
Arthrodire 
 The largest member of this group, Dunkleosteus, was a true superpredator of the latest Devonian period, from 3 to 9 m in length.
Arthrodire 
 A common misconception is the arthrodires were sluggish bottom-dwellers that were outcompeted by more advanced fish.
Arthrodire 
 But during their reign, the arthrodires were one of the most diverse and numerically successful vertebrate orders of the Devonian.
Arthrodire 
 This let other fish such as sharks diversify into the vacant ecological niches during the Carboniferous period.
Captain Forever 
 In Captain Forever, the player is the pilot of a ship that can be expanded or upgraded using parts (such as blasters or boosters) found from other defeated ships.
Captain Forever 
 The game advances by defeating ships of progressive difficulty (represented by color) You lose the game after the pilot is destroyed.
Captain Forever 
 Captain Forever Remix was released in 2015 by Jarred "Farbs" Woods with Dean Tate and Brian Chan, working with Pixelsaurus games.
Captain Forever 
 Captain Forever Remix added many new parts to the ship, and, allowed for parts to be unlocked, and a series of definitive levels (represented by planets in the solar system).
Captain Forever 
 The game also styles the pilot as a young girl imagining the game, playing against her brother, the antagonist of the game.
Battle of the Atlantic 
 The Battle of the Atlantic was the longest continuous military campaign in World War II to defeat the Germans in 1945.
Battle of the Atlantic 
 The British Royal Navy repeated the blockade of Germany of World War I, and Germany repeated its attempt to blockade Britain by using U-boats.
Paris Square (Jerusalem) 
 Paris Square (, Kikar Pariz, also called France Square = Kikar Tzarfat) is a square or plaza in Jerusalem.
Paris Square (Jerusalem) 
 In 2007 the city of Paris gave Jerusalem a "French Fountain" that was built in the middle of the square.
Electromagnetic hypersensitivity 
 Electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS) is a condition where a person feels unwell, which people who have it believe it to be due to being near  electromagnetic fields.
Electromagnetic hypersensitivity 
 Other names for it include electrohypersensitivity, electro-sensitivity, and electrical sensitivity (ES).
Electromagnetic hypersensitivity 
 According to the World Health Organization, EHS is described by vague symptoms that are different in each person.
Electromagnetic hypersensitivity 
 There is no specific list of features to diagnose someone, and there is no scientific link between electromagnetic fields and how people feel.
Electromagnetic hypersensitivity 
 People who claim to have EHS blame it for headaches, fatigue, stress, sleep disturbances, skin symptoms like prickling, burning sensations and rashes, pain and ache in muscles and many other health problems.
Electromagnetic hypersensitivity 
 Although electromagnetic fields can make the body hot, people who say they have EHS say they feel sick at very low levels.
Electromagnetic hypersensitivity 
 Most experiments show that people who claim to have EHS can't correctly tell if they are near EM radiation or not, and the medical and scientific communities don't think its a real illness.
Electromagnetic hypersensitivity 
 Several double-blind experiments suggest that people who say they have EHS can't detect if electromagnetic fields are present, and are just as likely to report feeling sick after a phony exposure as they are after real exposure, making scientists think it is the nocebo effect.
Electromagnetic hypersensitivity 
 In the TV show Better Call Saul, Jimmy McGill's brother Chuck stays at home and believes he suffers from electromagnetic hypersensitivity.
Better Call Saul 
 Better Call Saul is set in 2002 and follows the story of a lawyer "Jimmy" McGill (Bob Odenkirk), six years before he appeared on Breaking Bad.
Better Call Saul 
 It has been nominated for several awards, including four Primetime Emmy Awards, three Writers Guild of America Awards, two Critics' Choice Television Awards, a Screen Actors Guild Award and a Golden Globe Award.
Better Call Saul 
 The first episode held the record for the highest-rated scripted series premiere in basic cable history.
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 The United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda (UNAMIR) was created by the United Nations Security Council in October 1993.
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 UNAMIR's goals were to help put a peace agreement into place, monitor how well it was going, and support the new government.
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 During that time, 800,000 people were killed; 2 million became refugees in other countries; another two million had to run away to different parts of Rwanda; and up to 250,000 women were raped.
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 Since the genocide, the United Nations has admitted that they failed to prevent the Rwandan genocide.
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 In a genocide, many or all people in a group are killed because of their ethnicity, religion, or political opinions.
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 In the Rwandan genocide, members of an ethnic group called the Tutsi (abatutsi) were killed because of their ethnicity.
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 However, the Hutu extremists blamed a Tutsi rebel group, and right away, they started killing Tutsis.
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 There were not many countries in the United Nations that were interested in sending peacekeeping troops to Rwanda, even before the genocide started.
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 The United States had just had soldiers tortured and killed in Somalia a year before, and did not want to get into another fight in Africa."
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 It took five months to get United Nations member countries to offer enough soldiers for this mission.
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 UNAMIR has to get its "mandate" (its powers, goals, and orders for a mission) from the United Nations Security Council.
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 At this time, UNAMIR soldiers were only allowed to shoot their weapons in self-defence, if somebody was attacking them personally.
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 They were not allowed to use their weapons or get involved to protect civilians who were being attacked.
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 Once they saw what was happening in Rwanda, the UNAMIR Commander, Roméo Dallaire, and Belgian peacekeepers asked the Security Council to give them more power and soldiers to stop the killings.
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 They and other world leaders talked about the genocide as 'just another ethnic conflict' and said these types of things would always go on in Africa.
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 After ten of its soldiers were tortured and killed trying to protect the prime minister, Belgium pulled the rest of its soldiers out of Rwanda.
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 Some members of the United Nations Security Council, like the United States, argued strongly that the UN should take all of its peacekeeping troops out of Rwanda.
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 Eventually, the Security Council decided to decrease the number of troops UNAMIR was allowed to have.
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 On April 21, 1994, as the genocide was spreading across Rwanda, the Security Council decreased the number of allowed UNAMIR troops from 2,548 to 270  a decrease of almost 90%.
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 France offered to lead a humanitarian mission in southwest Rwanda while UNAMIR was trying to gather more troops.
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 During this operation, soldiers from France and other countries set up a "safe zone" in southwest Rwanda.
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 France allowed the genocide's leaders to escape through its safe zone into Zaire, without being arrested by French troops.
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 Other countries' peacekeeping troops and some newspaper reporters say they saw French military trucks driving members of the Rwandan army into Zaire.p.
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 Together with the Ugandan army, a Tutsi rebel group called the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) fought the extremist Hutus.
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 Meanwhile, the United Nations raised $762 million to help the genocide victims and to help rebuild the country.
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 Since the end of the Rwandan genocide, many people have blamed the United Nations for failing to prevent or stop the genocide.
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 
 In 1999, Kofi Annan, the Secretary-General of the United Nations, asked for an independent report about the Rwandan genocide.