the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_embeddings huggingface dataset:
History of the Catholic Church 
 In Germany, the Reformation led to war between the Protestant Schmalkaldic League and the Catholic Emperor Charles V. The first nine-year war ended in 1555 .
History of the Catholic Church 
 However, continued tensions produced a far graver conflict, the Thirty Years' War, which broke out in 1618.
History of the Catholic Church 
 In the Netherlands, the wars of the Counter-Reformation were the Dutch Revolt and the Eighty Years' War.
History of the Catholic Church 
 In France, a series of conflicts termed the French Wars of Religion was fought from 1562 to 1598 between the Huguenots and the forces of the French Catholic League.
History of the Catholic Church 
 This ended under Pope Clement VIII, who hesitantly accepted King Henry IV's 1598 Edict of Nantes, which granted civil and religious toleration to Protestants.
History of the Catholic Church 
 In 1565, several hundred Huguenot shipwreck survivors surrendered to the Spanish in Florida, believing they would be treated well.
History of the Catholic Church 
 Although a Catholic minority in their party was spared, all of the rest were executed for heresy, with active clerical participation.
History of the Catholic Church 
 The English Reformation was based on Henry VIII's desire for annulment of his marriage with Catherine of Aragon.
History of the Catholic Church 
 The Acts of Supremacy made the English monarch head of the English church thereby establishing the Church of England.
History of the Catholic Church 
 Then, beginning in 1536, some 825 monasteries throughout England, Wales and Ireland were dissolved and Catholic churches were confiscated.
History of the Catholic Church 
 When he died in 1547 all monasteries, friaries, convents of nuns and shrines were destroyed or dissolved.
History of the Catholic Church 
 Mary I of England reunited the Church of England with Rome and persecuted Protestants during the Marian Persecutions.
History of the Catholic Church 
 This prevented Catholics from becoming members of professions, holding public office, voting or educating their children.
History of the Catholic Church 
 Executions of Catholics and dissenting Protestants under Elizabeth I, who reigned much longer, then surpassed the Marian persecutions and persisted under the following English monarchs.
History of the Catholic Church 
 Elizabeth I also executed other Penal laws were also enacted in Ireland but were less effective than in England.
History of the Catholic Church 
 In part because the Irish people associated Catholicism with nationhood and national identity, they resisted persistent English efforts to eliminate the Catholic Church.
History of the Catholic Church 
 The Council of Trent (1545–1563) became the driving-force of the Counter-Reformation, and reaffirmed central Catholic doctrines such as transubstantiation, and the need for love and hope as well as faith to attain salvation.
History of the Catholic Church 
 It did so by improving the education of the clergy and consolidating the central jurisdiction of the Roman Curia.
History of the Catholic Church 
 The criticisms of the Reformation were among factors that sparked new religious orders including the Jesuits, which became the great missionary order of later years.
History of the Catholic Church 
 Spiritual renewal and reform were inspired by many new saints like Teresa of Avila, Francis de Sales and Philip Neri.
History of the Catholic Church 
 Their writings spawned distinct schools of spirituality within the Church (Oratorians, Carmelites, Salesian), etc.
History of the Catholic Church 
 Church growth came to a halt in 1597 under the Shogun Toyotomi Hideyoshi who, in an effort to isolate the country from foreign influences, launched a severe persecution of Christians.
History of the Catholic Church 
 Despite this, a minority Christian population survived into the 19th century when Japan opened more to outside influence, and they continue to the present day.
History of the Catholic Church 
 The Council of Trent generated a revival of religious life and Marian devotions in the Catholic Church.
History of the Catholic Church 
 Pope Paul V and Gregory XV ruled in 1617 and 1622 to be inadmissible to state, that the virgin was conceived non-immaculate.
History of the Catholic Church 
 Supporting the belief that the virgin Mary, in the first instance of her conception was preserved free from all stain of original sin (aka Immaculate Conception) Alexander VII declared in 1661, that the soul of Mary was free from original sin.
History of the Catholic Church 
 The Angelus prayer was strongly supported by Pope Benedict XIII in 1724 and by Pope Benedict XIV in 1742.
History of the Catholic Church 
 Popular Marian piety was even more colourful and varied than ever before: Numerous Marian pilgrimages, Marian Salve devotions, new Marian litanies, Marian theatre plays, Marian hymns, Marian processions.
History of the Catholic Church 
 Toward the latter part of the 17th century, Pope Innocent XI saw increasing Turkish attacks against Europe as a threat for the Church.
History of the Catholic Church 
 This weakened the Church's ability to respond to gallicanist thinkers such as Denis Diderot, who challenged fundamental doctrines of the Church.
History of the Catholic Church 
 In 1685 gallicanist King Louis XIV of France issued the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes, ending a century of religious toleration.
History of the Catholic Church 
 The king threatened Pope Innocent XI with a general council and a military take-over of the Papal state.
History of the Catholic Church 
 The absolute French State used Gallicanism to gain control of virtually all major Church appointments as well as many of the Church's properties.
History of the Catholic Church 
 The anti-clericalism of the French Revolution  promoted the nationalisation of church property and attempts to establish a state-run church.
History of the Catholic Church 
 Large numbers of priests refused to take an oath of compliance to the National Assembly, leading to the Church being outlawed and replaced by a new religion of the worship of "Reason" but it never gained popularity.
History of the Catholic Church 
 In this period, all monasteries were destroyed, 30,000 priests were exiled and hundreds more were killed.
History of the Catholic Church 
 When Pope Pius VI sided against the revolution in the First Coalition, Napoleon Bonaparte invaded Italy.
History of the Catholic Church 
 To win popular support for his rule, Napoleon re-established the Catholic Church in France through the Concordat of 1801.
History of the Catholic Church 
 The church lands were never returned, however the priests and other religious were given salaries by the government, which maintained church properties through tax revenues.
History of the Catholic Church 
 The end of the Napoleonic wars, signaled by the Congress of Vienna, brought Catholic revival and the return of the Papal States to the pope; the Jesuits were restored.
History of the Catholic Church 
 The Revolution failed to destroy the Catholic Church, and Napoleon's concordat of 1801 restored its status.
History of the Catholic Church 
 The return of the Bourbons in 1814 brought back many rich nobles and landowners who supported the Church.
History of the Catholic Church 
 The result was that the number of parish clergy plunged from 60,000 in 1790 to 25,000 in 1815, many of them elderly.
History of the Catholic Church 
 On the other hand, some traditional regions held fast to the faith, led by local nobles and historic families.
History of the Catholic Church 
 However, most often played secondary political roles or had to fight the assault from republicans, liberals, socialists and seculars.
History of the Catholic Church 
 Throughout the lifetime of the Third Republic there were battles over the status of the Catholic Church.
History of the Catholic Church 
 Republicans were based in the anticlerical middle class who saw the Church as a political threat to republicanism and progress.
History of the Catholic Church 
 The Republicans detested the church for its political and class affiliations; for them, the church represented outmoded traditions, superstition and monarchism.
History of the Catholic Church 
 Napoleon's 1801 Concordat continued in operation but in 1881, the government cut off salaries to priests it disliked.
History of the Catholic Church 
 The 1882 school laws of Republican Jules Ferry set up a national system of public schools that taught strict puritanical morality but no religion.
History of the Catholic Church 
 In 1892 he issued an encyclical advising French Catholics to rally to the Republic and defend the Church by participating in Republican politics.
History of the Catholic Church 
 The Waldeck-Rousseau Ministry (1899–1902) and the Combes Ministry (1902–05) fought with the Vatican over the appointment of bishops.
History of the Catholic Church 
 Chaplains were removed from naval and military hospitals (1903–04), and soldiers were ordered not to frequent Catholic clubs (1904).
History of the Catholic Church 
 This meant that all fifty four orders were dissolved and about 20,000 members immediately left France, many for Spain.[190] In 1905 the 1801 Concordat was abrogated; Church and State were finally separated.
History of the Catholic Church 
 In the long run, however, it gained autonomy—for the State no longer had a voice in choosing bishops and Gallicanism was dead.
History of the Catholic Church 
 During First Vatican Council, some 108 council fathers requested to add the words "Immaculate Virgin" to the Hail Mary.
History of the Catholic Church 
 Many French Catholics wished that the Council declared Papal infallibility and the assumption of Mary dogma.
History of the Catholic Church 
 Controversy over this and other issues resulted in a very small breakaway movement called the Old Catholic Church.
History of the Catholic Church 
 The Industrial Revolution brought many concerns about the deteriorating conditions of urban workers.
History of the Catholic Church 
 It was set in context Catholic social teaching: it rejected socialism but advocated the regulation of working conditions.
History of the Catholic Church 
 Rerum novarum argued for the establishment of a living wage and the right of workers to form trade unions.
History of the Catholic Church 
 Unlike Leo, who addressed mainly the condition of workers, Pius XI concentrated on the ethical implications of the social and economic order.
History of the Catholic Church 
 He called for the reconstruction of the social order based on the principle of solidarity and subsidiarity.
History of the Catholic Church 
 He noted major dangers for human freedom and dignity, arising from unrestrained capitalism and totalitarian communism.
History of the Catholic Church 
 He applies them not only to workers and owners of capital, but also to other professions and all aspects of life.
History of the Catholic Church 
 Going beyond Pius XI, he also defined social teachings in other areas such as medicine, psychology, sport, television, science, law and education.
History of the Catholic Church 
 With the beginning of the space age at the end of his pontificate, Pius XII explored the social implications of space exploration and satellites asking for a new sense of community and solidarity.
History of the Catholic Church 
 Popes have always highlighted the link between the Virgin Mary as Mother of God and the full acceptance of Jesus Christ as Son of God.
History of the Catholic Church 
 Since the 19th century, they were very important for the development of mariology to explain the veneration of Mary.
History of the Catholic Church 
 Before the 19th century, Popes promulgated Marian veneration in different ways such as authorizing new Marian feast days, prayers, initiatives, the acceptance and support of Marian congregations.
History of the Catholic Church 
 Pius XII also promulgated the new feast Queenship of Mary celebrating Mary as Queen of Heaven and he introduced the first ever Marian year in 1954, a second one was proclaimed by John Paul II.
History of the Catholic Church 
 Pius IX, Pius XI and Pius XII facilitated the veneration of Marian apparitions such as in Lourdes and Fátima.
History of the Catholic Church 
 Later Popes such from John XXIII to Benedict XVI promoted the visit to Marian shrines (Benedict XVI in 2007 and 2008).
History of the Catholic Church 
 In it, over 3,000 priests were exiled or assassinated, churches desecrated, services mocked, nuns raped and captured priests shot.
History of the Catholic Church 
 In the Soviet Union following the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution, persecution of the Church and Catholics continued well into the 1930s.
History of the Catholic Church 
 In addition to the execution and exiling of clerics, monks and laymen, the confiscation of religious implements and closure of churches was common.
History of the Catholic Church 
 During the 1936–39 Spanish Civil War, the Catholic hierarchy supported Francisco Franco's rebel Nationalist forces against the Popular Front government.
History of the Catholic Church 
 After the Second World War began in September 1939, the Church condemned the invasion of Poland and the following 1940 Nazi invasions.
History of the Catholic Church 
 In the Holocaust, Pope Pius XII directed the Church hierarchy to help protect Jews and Gypsies from the Nazis.
History of the Catholic Church 
 While Pius XII has been credited with helping to save hundreds of thousands of Jews, the Church has also been accused of antisemitism.
History of the Catholic Church 
 Intended as a continuation of Vatican I, under Pope John XXIII the council developed into an engine of modernisation.
History of the Catholic Church 
 Its scope was another personal meeting with Pope John Paul II, for conversations with the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity.
History of the Catholic Church 
 The Patriarch's partial participation in the Eucharistic liturgy followed the program of the past visits of Patriarch Dimitrios (1987) and Patriarch Bartholomew I himself:
History of the Catholic Church 
 joint proclamation by the Pope and by the Patriarch of the profession of faith according to the Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed in Greek and as the conclusion,
History of the Catholic Church 
 The Patriarch did not fully participate in the Liturgy of the Eucharist involving the consecration and distribution of the Eucharist itself.
History of the Catholic Church 
 In accordance with the Catholic Church's practice of including the Filioque clause when reciting the Creed in Latin, but not when reciting the Creed in Greek, Popes John Paul II and Benedict XVI have recited the Nicene Creed jointly with Patriarchs Demetrius I and Bartholomew I in Greek without the Filioque clause.
History of the Catholic Church 
 The declaration of Ravenna in 2007 re-asserted these beliefs, and re-stated the notion that the bishop of Rome is indeed the protos, although future discussions are to be held on the concrete ecclesiological exercise of papal primacy.
History of the Catholic Church 
 With the election of Pope Benedict XVI in 2005, the Church largely saw a continuation of the policies of his predecessor, Pope John Paul II.
History of the Catholic Church 
 However, there were some notable exceptions: Benedict decentralized beatifications and reverted the decision of his predecessor regarding papal elections.
History of the Catholic Church 
 His first encyclical Deus caritas est discussed love and sex in continued opposition to several other views on sexuality.
History of the Catholic Church 
 He is the current and first Jesuit pope, the first pope from the Americas, and the first from the Southern Hemisphere.
History of the Catholic Church 
 Since his election to the papacy, he has displayed a simpler and less formal approach to the office, choosing to reside in the Vatican guesthouse rather than the papal residence.
Zainab bint Muhammad 
 Zainab bint Muhammad () (598/599—629 CE), was the eldest daughter of Muhammad and Khadija bint Khuwaili.
Zainab bint Muhammad 
 Zainab was born in 600 AD, in the 5th year of Khadija's marriage, and died in 8 AH, 629 AD, at the age of 30.
Glass ceiling 
 A glass ceiling is an idea that people use to talk about why some people don't get promotions in companies, schools, and other groups.
Glass ceiling 
 A company has a glass ceiling if it looks as if women and minorities could become leaders but they never really do.
Glass ceiling 
 That is called a glass ceiling because a new employee starting at the bottom (the "ground floor"), can see all the way up to the top of the building (leadership), but really there is a barrier in the way.
Glass ceiling 
 The metaphor was first made by feminists to talk about why it is harder for high-achieving women to get promotions than men.
Glass ceiling 
 Women of color in countries whose population is mostly white people often find the most difficulty in "breaking the glass ceiling" because they are both women and people of color, two types of people who were not liked in the past.
Glass ceiling 
 East Asian and East Asian American news outlets have made a used a metaphor taken from the original, the term "bamboo ceiling".
Glass ceiling 
 Within the same ideas of the other terms surrounding the workplace, there are similar terms about extra rules about women and their roles within organisations and how they manage their jobs as mothers.
Glass ceiling 
 These "Invisible Barriers" work as metaphors to describe the many extra things stopping women, usually when trying to become better in their career and usually while also trying to make their other parts of life better.
Glass ceiling 
 "A glass ceiling" represents something stopping women from getting high ranks in a company where people have different amounts of power, usually shown on a pyramid diagram.
Glass ceiling 
 Those women are not allowed to get promotion, especially to the very high rankings, inside their jobs.
Glass ceiling 
 Since 2001, the women working who do not work in the health and educational sector have not been seen in the high ranks a lot.
Pukhraj Bafna 
 Pukhraj Bafna is an Indian pediatrician and adolescent health consultant, known for his contributions towards tribal child and adolescent health.
Pukhraj Bafna 
 The Government of India honored Bafna in 2011, with the fourth highest civilian award of Padma Shri.
Madan Tiwary 
 He was elected to the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India from Rajnandgaon, Madhya Pradesh as a member of the Janata Party.
Belle (2013 movie) 
 Belle is a 2013 British biographical drama movie directed by Amma Asante and starring Gugu Mbatha-Raw, Tom Wilkinson, Miranda Richardson, Emily Watson, Alex Jennings, Penelope Wilton, Matthew Goode, James Norton.
Idris (prophet) 
 Idrīs (), is known to Muslims as Hazrat Idris, is the third prophet sent to mankind according to Islamic history.
Idris (prophet) 
 According to Muslim belief, he received prophethood from the Creator after Adam, the first prophet of Islam.
Viktor Kazantsev 
 Viktor Germanovich Kazantsev (; 26 February 1946 – 14 September 2021) was a Russian general and politician.
Ali Ahmed Mullah 
 Sheikh Ali Abdul Rahman Ahmed Mulla (), is the veteran muazzin (caller for prayer) at the Masjid al-Haram in Mecca, Saudi Arabia.
Ladislav Lubina 
 Ladislav Lubina (11 February 1967 – 14 September 2021) was a Czech ice hockey player and ice hockey coach.
Fred Stanfield 
 Frederic William Stanfield (May 4, 1944 – September 13, 2021) was a Canadian professional ice hockey centre.
Fred Stanfield 
 Stanfield played for the Chicago Black Hawks, Boston Bruins, Minnesota North Stars and the Buffalo Sabres.
California Institute of the Arts 
 The California Institute of the Arts (CalArts) is a private art university in Santa Clarita, California.
California Institute of the Arts 
 They have Bachelor of Fine Arts, Master of Fine Arts, Master of Arts, and Doctor of Musical Arts programs.
California Institute of the Arts 
 The school's area of education include Art, Critical Studies, Dance, Film/Video, Music, and Theater.
Do Not Disturb (1965 movie) 
 Do Not Disturb is a 1965 American romantic comedy movie directed by Ralph Levy and George Marshall and was based on the play Some Other Love by William Fairchild.
Do Not Disturb (1965 movie) 
 It stars Doris Day, Rod Taylor, Hermione Baddeley, Raquel Welch, Reginald Gardiner, Leon Askin, Britt Ekland, Dick Winslow and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Yuriy Sedykh 
 Yuriy Georgiyevich Sedykh (; ) (11 June 1955 – 14 September 2021) was a Soviet track and field athlete, who took part of the hammer throw.
Yuriy Sedykh 
 He held the world record with a throw of 86.74 m. He won two Olympic gold medals at the 1976 Summer Olympics and 1980 Summer Olympics.
Dix Hills, New York 
 Dix Hills is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) on Long Island in the town of Huntington in Suffolk County, New York, United States.
Nikah mut'ah 
 Unlike Nikāḥ, which is the other form of marriage in Islamic law, a Nikah mut'ah marriage does not last for the two people's whole lives.
Nikah mut'ah 
 She must be a Muslim, or among the People of the Book (which means Christians, Jews, and Muslims, mostly)
Nikah mut'ah 
 This is so people will now that the father of any children she has if she becomes pregnant was her husband.
Nikah mut'ah 
 Islam says that Muslim men may have only four and no more, but this only applies to Nikah-marriages.
Nikah mut'ah 
 According to Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani, the Nikah mut'ah is the only way a Muslim can marry a person of the Book who is not Muslim.
Nikah mut'ah 
 Julie Parshall writes that mut'ah is legalised prostitution allowed by the Twelver Shia authorities.
Nikah mut'ah 
 She quotes the Oxford encyclopedia of modern Islamic world to make a difference between marriage (nikah) and mut'ah.
Dominic West 
 Dominic Gerard Francis Eagleton West (born 15 October 1969) is an English actor, director and musician.
Dominic West 
 His roles as Hector Madden in The Hour (2011–2012) and as Noah Solloway in The Affair (2014–2019) earnt him Golden Globe nominations.
Dominic West 
 West won the British Academy Television Award for Best Actor for playing serial killer Fred West in Appropriate Adult (2011).
Dominic West 
 West acted in Chicago (2002), 300 (2007), Punisher: War Zone (2008), Johnny English Reborn (2011), John Carter (2012), The Square (2017) and Colette (2018).
João Martins (footballer, born 1927) 
 During his time with the club, he would win seven Primeira Liga titles and the 1954 Taça de Portugal.
João Martins (footballer, born 1927) 
 On September 4, 1955, he scored the first-ever goal of the European Cup, in a 3–3 draw against FK Partizan.
Military career of Muhammad 
 Military career of Muhammad (c. 570 – 8 June 632), Islam lasted from 622 to 632, the last ten years of his life.
Military career of Muhammad 
 He and his followers were expelled from the holy city of Mecca, controlled by the powerful Quraish tribe.
Military career of Muhammad 
 After the first battle of Badr in 624, his power gradually increased and he began to influence other tribes through diplomacy or conquest.
Nouman Ali Khan 
 He is the founder and CEO of The Bayyinah Institute for Arabic and Quranic Studies and Chief Adviser.
Nouman Ali Khan 
 The fifth edition of The Five Hundred Most Influential Muslims, a biographical dictionary of Islamic personalities, lists Noman Ali Khan as one of the most influential Muslims in the world without any ranking.
Nouman Ali Khan 
 His father than worked for the Pakistani Embassy in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, where Khan attended the Pakistani Embassy school.
Nouman Ali Khan 
 His serious training in Arabic began in the United States in 1999 under Dr. Abdus-Samie, founder and formal principal of Quran College, Faisaland, Paskistan.
Nouman Ali Khan 
 He further benefited from Dr. Abdus-Samie by internalizing his unique teaching methods and later translating his work into English for the benefit of his own students.
Nouman Ali Khan 
 Then Nouman served as a professor below assistant professor at Nassau Community College and has taught Modern Standard and Classical Arabic at various venues.