the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_embeddings huggingface dataset:
Congressional Apportionment Amendment 
 55, James Madison argued that the size of the House of Representatives has to balance the ability of the body to legislate with the need for legislators to have a relationship close enough to the people to understand their local circumstances, that such representatives' social class be low enough to sympathize with the feelings of the mass of the people, and that their power be diluted enough to limit their abuse of the public trust and interests.
Congressional Apportionment Amendment 
 Anti-Federalists, who opposed the Constitution's ratification, noted that there was nothing in the document to guarantee that the number of seats in the House would continue to represent small constituencies as the general population of the states grew.
Congressional Apportionment Amendment 
 They feared that over time, if the size remained relatively small and the districts became more expansive, that only well-known individuals with reputations spanning wide geographic areas could secure election.
Congressional Apportionment Amendment 
 It was also feared that those in Congress would, as a result, have an insufficient sense of sympathy with and connectedness to ordinary people in their district.
Congressional Apportionment Amendment 
 This concern was evident in the various state ratifying conventions, where several specifically requested an amendment to secure a minimum size for the House of Representatives.
Congressional Apportionment Amendment 
 Federalists, who supported the Constitution's ratification, placated those opposing its ratification by agreeing that the new government should immediately address Anti-Federalist concerns and consider amending the Constitution.
Congressional Apportionment Amendment 
 The assurance that these issues would be addressed in the First Congress was essential to the ratification of the new form of government.
Congressional Apportionment Amendment 
 An amendment establishing a formula for determining the appropriate size of the House of Representatives and the appropriate apportionment of representatives among the states was one of several proposed amendments to the Constitution introduced first in the House on June 8, 1789, by Representative James Madison of Virginia.
Congressional Apportionment Amendment 
 This, along with Madison's other proposals, was referred to a committee consisting of one representative from each state.
Congressional Apportionment Amendment 
 After emerging from committee, the full House debated the issue and, on August 24, 1789, passed it and sixteen other articles of amendment.
Congressional Apportionment Amendment 
 On September 9, 1789, the Senate approved a culled and consolidated package of twelve articles of amendment.
Congressional Apportionment Amendment 
 Changed in this amendment was the apportionment formula to be followed once the number of House members reached 100.
Congressional Apportionment Amendment 
 At the time it was sent to the states for ratification, an affirmative vote by ten states would have made this amendment operational.
Congressional Apportionment Amendment 
 However, when Kentucky attained statehood on June 1, 1792, the number climbed to twelve, and, even though Kentucky ratified the amendment that summer (along with the other eleven amendments), it was still one state short.
Congressional Apportionment Amendment 
 Eugene Martin LaVergne, a former attorney claims to have found evidence that the entire proposed Bill of Rights, including this proposed amendment, was ratified by Connecticut in 1790.
Congressional Apportionment Amendment 
 As such, Kentucky's 1792 ratification would have been sufficient for the amendment to meet the constitutional requirement to become part of the Constitution.
Congressional Apportionment Amendment 
 However, according to LaVergne the Connecticut ratification was never forwarded to Congress for action.
Congressional Apportionment Amendment 
 LaVergne argued the point in a lawsuit against a number of federal officials, but the case was dismissed.
Congressional Apportionment Amendment 
 The dismissal was summarily affirmed per curiam by the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit, ending the case.
Congressional Apportionment Amendment 
 Fourteenth Amendment, Section 2 (which modified the portion of Article I, Section 2, Clause 3 commonly known as the Three-Fifths Compromise)
Federalist No. 55 
 It was published on February 13, 1788 under the pseudonym Publius, the name under which all The Federalist Papers were published.
Federalist No. 55 
 The paper discusses critics' objections to the relatively small size of the House of Representatives (sixty-five members).
Federalist No. 55 
 In addition, he states that the small size does not put the public liberty in danger because of the checks and balances relationship the House of Representatives has with the state legislatures, as well as the fact every member is voted in by the people every two years.
IC 10 
 Edwin Hubble suspected it might belong to the Local Group of galaxies, but this was uncertain for decades.
IC 10 
 It is approaching the Milky Way at about 350 km/s. This strengthened the evidence for its being in the Local Group.
IC 10 
 Its membership in the group was finally confirmed in 1996 by measurements of its distance by observations of Cepheids.
IC 10 
 Despite its closeness, the galaxy is rather difficult to study because it lies near the galactic plane of the Milky Way.
IC 10 
 The apparent distance between IC 10 and the Andromeda Galaxy is about the same as the apparent distance between the Andromeda Galaxy and the Triangulum Galaxy, which suggests that IC 10 may belong to the M31 subgroup.
IC 10 
 It has many more Wolf-Rayet stars per square kiloparsec (5.1 stars/kpc²) than the Large Magellanic Cloud (2.0 stars/kpc²) or the Small Magellanic Cloud (0.9 stars/kpc²).
IC 10 
 The evolutionary status of the Wolf-Rayet stars suggests they all formed in a relatively short period.
IC 10 
 The galaxy produces stars at the rate of 0.04–0.08 solar masses per year, which means that the gas supply in the galaxy can last for a few billion years longer.
IC 10 
 Observations of IC 10 in the far-infrared show that the dust in this mild starburst galaxy is deficient in small grains.
IC 10 
 Perhaps small grains were destroyed by strong ultraviolet radiation in the areas around the hot luminous stars.
IC 10 
 The galaxy has a huge envelope of hydrogen gas, with an apparent size measuring 68′ × 80′, which is far larger than the apparent size of the galaxy in visible light (5.5′ × 7.0′).
IC 10 
 IC 10 is also unusual in the respect that the visible part of the galaxy seems to rotate in a different direction than the outer envelope.
The Old Man and the Sea 
 The Old Man and the Sea is a novella by Ernest Hemingway that was written in 1951 and then published in 1952.
The Old Man and the Sea 
 The work tells the story of Santiago, an old Cuban fisherman who catches a giant marlin in the Gulf Stream.
Water tank 
 Tanks were used to provide storage of water for use in many applications, drinking water, irrigation agriculture, fire suppression, agricultural farming, both for plants and livestock, chemical manufacturing, food preparation as well as many other uses.
Water tank 
 Water tank parameters include the general design of the tank, and choice of construction materials, linings.
Water tank 
 Various materials are used for making a water tank: plastics (polyethylene, polypropylene), fiberglass, concrete, stone, steel (welded or bolted, carbon, or stainless).
Water tank 
 In the 1980s, high density polyethylene rotationally molded water tanks became popular for home water storage.
History of the United States Constitution 
 The history of the United States Constitution is a history of how the government of the United States functions, its  rule of law and the rights guaranteed to its citizens.
History of the United States Constitution 
 It was signed by the delegates to the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia on September 17, 1787.
History of the United States Constitution 
 When the convention was called to meet in Philadelphia on May 25, 1787, most of the members were aware a new stronger government was necessary.
History of the United States Constitution 
 The history of the (second) Constitution of the United States begins with the history behind the creation of the Articles of Confederation, the first constitution.
History of the United States Constitution 
 The Articles of Confederation were, in effect, a loose confederation that joined together thirteen independent states to mainly deal with foreign policy.
History of the United States Constitution 
 The greatest weakness of the Articles of Confederation is that it had no direct connection to the people themselves.
History of the United States Constitution 
 The recent tyranny suffered under Britain's King George III made the new country's leaders wary of a strong central government.
History of the United States Constitution 
 Amending the Articles required a unanimous vote, which was virtually impossible with thirteen states each having their own interests.
History of the United States Constitution 
 The central government did not have the ability to negotiate trade agreements with foreign governments.
History of the United States Constitution 
 The debates lasted through the summer of 1787 and at times became so heated it threatened to end the convention prematurely.
History of the United States Constitution 
 In particular he suspected James Madison, also of Virginia, of wanting to create a new form of government.
History of the United States Constitution 
 Henry was a firm believer that the states offered the best protections for personal rights and wanted nothing to do with upsetting that arrangement.
History of the United States Constitution 
 It included Benjamin Franklin, James Wilson, Alexander Hamilton, George Mason, John Dickinson, Gouverneur Morris and George Washington.
History of the United States Constitution 
 To those who already had suspicions, the secrecy of the proceedings only confirmed what they feared.
History of the United States Constitution 
 Many of those present had already risked being hanged by the British as traitors during the revolution.
History of the United States Constitution 
 He came to Philadelphia armed with a wealth of knowledge and an idea for what the United States government should be.
History of the United States Constitution 
 His plan called for three branches of government with checks and balances to prevent any one branch from abusing their power.
History of the United States Constitution 
 After debating the Virginia plan for two weeks, William Patterson presented his plan called variously, the New Jersey Plan, the Patterson Plan and the Small State Plan.
History of the United States Constitution 
 It was very similar to the Articles of Confederation and featured a unicameral (one house) legislature.
History of the United States Constitution 
 It also was bicameral with an upper house and a legislature in which members served on their good behavior.
History of the United States Constitution 
 The new government would have an upper house, having an equal number of delegates from each state, and a lower house with representation based on population.
History of the United States Constitution 
 The executive branch would have most of the responsibilities of foreign affairs while other important powers, like ratifying treaties, would be the responsibility of the legislative branch.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 The Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution (Amendment XXVI) lowered the minimum voting age in the United States from 21 to 18.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 The United States Congress approved the amendment on March 23, 1971, and sent it to the states to be ratified.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 Within three months and eight days, the states had ratified the amendment, and it became part of the Constitution.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 To many people, it did not seem fair that the government thought these young men were old enough to fight a world war, but not old enough to vote in the country they were fighting for.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 In 1943, the Georgia state legislature passed a law lowering the voting age in the state to 18; in 1955, Kentucky did the same thing.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 In his State of the Union address in 1954, President Dwight D. Eisenhower became the first president to say publicly that he supported letting people ages 18 and older vote.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 In 1963, the President's Commission on Registration and Voting Participation made a report to President Lyndon B. Johnson.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 During the 1960s, many Americans pushed both Congress and the state legislatures to lower the minimum voting age from 21 to 18.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 During that war, many young men were drafted and sent to fight in the war before they were old enough to vote.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 Supporters argued that this was "taxation without representation"  meaning that 18- to 20-year-olds had to pay taxes, but had no say in what those taxes were or what they were spent on, because they could not vote.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 In 1967, United States Representative William St. Onge pointed out: ""To tax our 18-, 19-, and 20-year-olds without giving them the right to vote ignores the great rallying cry of our War of Independence that there [should] be 'no taxation without representation.'"
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 Similarly, in 1970, in a committee that was debating a possible Constitutional amendment to lower the voting age, Representative Thomas Railsback said: ""Our laws tax these 18-year-olds but our voting laws do not permit them representation in enacting that tax law.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 The Boston Tea Party was supposed to have been the spark that put that issue to rest in this country."
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 For example, in 1953, the popular magazine Collier's Weekly said this argument "doesn't justify giving young ladies of eighteen the right to franchise [vote]."
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 They added: "If a man if old enough to vote when he's old enough to fight, then logically the man who is too old to fight out to lose the right to vote."
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 For the soldier, youthful enthusiasm and physical endurance are [of most] importance; for the voter, maturity of judgment far outweighs other qualifications."
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 Finally, some people thought lowering the voting age was not that important for the country, and that it should be left up to each individual state.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 In 1970, United States Senators Ted Kennedy and Mike Mansfield suggested changing the Voting Rights Act of 1965 to lower the voting age in the United States.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 The Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment says that the government has to give every person "the equal protection of its laws."
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 People who supported the addition to the Voting Rights Act of 1965, like Ted Kennedy, said that by not allowing 18- to 20-year-olds to vote, the government not treating them equally by not letting them vote.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 He also worried that if the Supreme Court thought the new Voting Rights Act was unconstitutional, they could overturn it  cancel the entire law.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 However, on June 22, 1970, President Richard Nixon signed an extension (an addition) to the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 After Nixon signed the change to the Voting Rights Act, Oregon and Texas challenged the law in court.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 By this time, four states had lowered their minimum voting ages: Georgia, Kentucky, Alaska, and Hawaii.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 In Oregon v. Mitchell, the Supreme Court looked at whether the voting age changes that Congress added to the Voting Rights Act were constitutional.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 This means they looked at whether the changes agreed with the rules in the Constitution, or broke them.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 Eventually, five out of the nine judges agreed on a decision - just enough to reach the majority needed for a decision.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 The Court ruled that Congress could set a voting age for federal elections, but not state or local elections.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 This meant that for state and local elections, states could keep the voting age at 21 if they wanted to.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 However, they would have to keep two different voting registers (lists of people who had signed up to vote): one for federal elections, which would include people as young as 18, and another for state and local elections, which would only include people over age 20.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 After the Supreme Court's decision, both Congress and the states wanted to find a way to lower the minimum voting age throughout the country.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 Congress decided to propose a Constitutional amendment that would set the minimum voting age at 18 everywhere in the country.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 First of all, the states did not want to deal with the cost and difficulty of having to keep two different voting registers, so they supported the idea of a Constitutional amendment.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 Also, when they changed the Voting Rights Act, Congress had made a law about state and local elections without the states having any say.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 However, for an amendment to be added to the Constitution, two-thirds of both Houses of Congress, and then three-fourths of the state legislatures, have to agree on it.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 Congress would not be over-using its power and breaking the Constitution by making laws for the states.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 On March 10, 1971, the United States Senate voted 94–0 in support of proposing an amendment that would lower the minimum voting age to 18 everywhere in the country.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 For the Twenty-sixth Amendment to be added to the Constitution, three-fourths of the state legislatures (38 out of the 50) would have to ratify the Amendment.
Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 On July 5, 1971, President Richard Nixon held a ceremony at the White House, where he signed the Twenty-sixth Amendment just to show his support.
Tray Walker 
 He played college football at Texas Southern, and was drafted by the Ravens in the 4th round of the 2015 NFL draft.
Lothar Späth 
 From 30 August 1978 to 13 January 1991, Späth was the 5th Minister President of Baden-Württemberg and chairman of the CDU Baden-Württemberg.
Separation process 
 A separation process is a method used in science to separate two substances, that once formed a mixture.
Separation process 
 Here are examples of separation techniques: distilliation, evaporation, chromatography, filtration, fractional distillation and magnetism.
Les Tanyuk 
 Leonid (Les) Stepanovych Tanyuk (, August 7, 1938 – March 18, 2016) was a Ukrainian theatre and movie director.
Les Tanyuk 
 After 1991's Ukrainian independence Tanyuk became a multiple re-elected member of the Ukrainian parliament.
Jan Němec 
 Jan Němec: Interviews 1964–2014 (Rozhovory 1964–2014) (Camera obscura, Svatá Hora, Příbram, Czech Republic) (czech)
2012 Democratic Party presidential primaries 
 The 2012 Democratic presidential primaries and caucuses was how voters of the Democratic Party chose the candidate for the United States presidential election, 2012.
2012 Democratic Party presidential primaries 
 The incumbent president, Barack Obama, won the primaries and caucuses after easily winning 88.87% of the popular vote, and all of the states and territories.
Twenty-seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 The Twenty-seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution (Amendment XXVII) has to do with the salaries paid to members of the United States Congress.
Twenty-seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 Congress is made of two "Houses," and the members of each House serve different terms (amounts of time in office).
Twenty-seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 Members of the United States Senate serve six-year terms, and members of the United States House of Representatives serve two years each.
Twenty-seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 The Twenty-seventh Amendment says that no law can change Congresspeople's salaries until a new two-year term for Representatives starts.
Twenty-seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 As of 2022, the Twenty-seventh amendment is the last amendment that has been added to the Constitution.
Twenty-seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 The 1st United States Congress sent the suggested amendment to the states for their approval on September 25, 1789.
Twenty-seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 It was not until May 7, 1992, that enough states ratified the amendment for it to be added to the Constitution.
Twenty-seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 The ratification process had taken 202 years, 7 months, and 12 days  the longest in United States history.
Twenty-seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 On September 25, 1789, the first United States Congress gave a group of 12 amendments to the states for their approval.
Twenty-seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 Madison wanted to protect against Congresspeople being able to give themselves raises whenever they wanted to, while they were in the middle of their terms and the people could not vote them out.
Twenty-seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 However, the states did not ratify the other two amendments out of the 12  including the one on limiting pay for Congresspeople.
Twenty-seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 James Madison first proposed this amendment in the United States House of Representatives on June 8, 1789.
Twenty-seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 The proposals went next to the United States Senate, which made 26 different changes to the House's suggested amendments.
Twenty-seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 After taking out some parts of the House amendments, and combining others, the Senate approved a package of twelve suggested amendments on September 9, 1789.
Twenty-seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 Now a committee of House and Senate members had to meet to figure out a compromise and come up with amendments that they could all agree on.
Twenty-seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 After three days, they had come up with 12 suggested amendments, which they brought back to the full House and Senate.
Twenty-seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution 
 For these amendments to be added to the Constitution, three-fourths of the state legislatures would have to ratify (approve) the amendments.