the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_embeddings huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 pandemic 
 In May 2020, police officers in Minneapolis, Minnesota killed an unarmed black man called George Floyd while they were arresting him.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 Other experts said some of the reasons that the protests were so big was because non-white people were being killed by COVID-19 more than white people were, because poor leadership in the COVID-19 crisis reminded them of poor leadership about racism, and because the lockdowns shut down workplaces and other things.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 African Americans are more likely to catch the virus compared to their white counterparts in the United States, and are also more likely to die from it.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 In early 2020, some people began to think that the SARS-CoV-2 may have been made on purpose in a laboratory and either released by accident or on purpose like a weapon.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 Chinese state media said COVID-19 came from the United States to China and not the other way around.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 On March 17, 2020, scientists from Columbia University and other places published a paper in Nature Medicine showing that SARS-CoV-2 was almost surely not made by humans in a laboratory.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 The scientists saw that SARS-CoV-2 did not match any of the viral backbones that already exist for virologists to use.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 Within a few weeks, it became one of the most cited scientific papers in history, meaning that other scientists were reading and using it.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 On December 31, 2019, China alerted WHO to several cases of unusual pneumonia in Wuhan, Hubei province.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 On January 20, 2020, Chinese premier Li Keqiang called for efforts to stop and control the pneumonia epidemic caused by a novel coronavirus.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 As of February 5, 2020, 24,588 cases have been confirmed, including in every province-level division of China.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 The first local transmission of the virus outside China occurred in Vietnam between family members, while the first local transmission not involving family occurred in Germany, on January 22, when a German man contracted the disease from a Chinese business visitor at a meeting. ,
COVID-19 pandemic 
 493 deaths have been attributed to the virus since the first confirmed death on January 9, with 990 recoveries.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 The first death outside China was reported in the Philippines, in a 44-year-old Chinese male on February 1.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 "The first cases of COVID-19 outside of China were identified on January 13 in Thailand and on January 16 in Japan".
COVID-19 pandemic 
 There has been testing which have showed over 6000 confirmed cases in China, some of whom are healthcare workers.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 Confirmed cases have also been reported in Thailand, South Korea, Japan, Taiwan, Macau, Hong Kong, the United States (Everett, Washington and Chicago), Singapore, Vietnam, France and Nepal.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 The World Health Organization declared that this is a Public Health Emergency of International Concern since January 30, 2020.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 Bloomberg News and other business publications have reported several plant closures, travel restrictions, and imposed quarantines as a result of this outbreak.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 As of February 10, 2020 there have been 40,235 confirmed cases reported of people infected by the virus in China.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 Also reported were 909 deaths, and 319 cases in 24 other countries, including one death, according to WHO chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 On November 14, 2020, there were 53,853,718 global COVID-19 cases and 1,311,524 deaths with cases in 217 countries and territories.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 On Feb. 4, 2020, the Seattle Times reported that Around 2020 Chinese new year authorities closed down travel from China to Macau.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 On February 6, 2020, according to Chinese authorities, a man from the United States who tested positive for the virus died.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 On February 25, 2020 the Asian Scientist Magazine reported Chinese Scientists Sequence Genome Of COVID-19
COVID-19 pandemic 
 According to the European Centre for Disease Prevention, China had the largest number of confirmed cases and deaths on March 1, 2020.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 The article praised the way China has handled this crisis, but said "draconian" measures were used to achieve success.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 The Chinese economy was greatly affected by the virus, and many factories shut down during the spike of cases in China during the early months of the pandemic.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 As of October 30, 2020, the number of cases of the virus in China were generally going down, with only 771 new cases being reported in the month of October.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 The first case of COVID-19 in the United States was detected in a man from the state of Washington on January 21, 2020.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 On February 27, 2020, US President Donald Trump appointed Vice President Mike Pence to lead the US response to COVID-19.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 Movements such as elbow bumps began replacing handshakes , as handshakes spread the virus and bacteria more.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 On March 9, 2020, there were also scattered reports that some were quarantined while their household members were not.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 On March 10, 2020, the United States Secretary of Health and Human Services, Alex Azar, said that it is was not known how many Americans tested positive for the virus.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 On March 10, 2020, the governor of New York, Andrew Cuomo, announced that the city of New Rochelle was the largest cluster of COVID-19 cases in the state.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 Among other things done to contain the virus in New Rochelle, the National Guard was sent to the city to hand out food and disinfect buildings.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 On April 3, 2020, the CDC first recommended the use of cloth face coverings by the general public to reduce the spread of the virus in places such as grocery stores and pharmacies.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 Between September to October, there was a COVID-19 outbreak at the White House, causing many officials to be diagnosed with the infection, including President Donald Trump and First Lady Melania Trump.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 On December 11, 2020, the Food and Drug Administration said doctors could give people the Pfizer vaccine.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 On December 14, 2020, the State of New York gave people the first vaccines, starting with health care workers.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 On March 6, President Trump signed a $8.3 billion emergency spending package to fight the COVID outbreak.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 On March 5, 2020, it was announced that medical costs for Washington state residents asking to be tested would be waived until May. (
COVID-19 pandemic 
 On March 9, 2020, President Trump proposed, among other measures, a payroll tax cut to help the US economy.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 On February 27, 2020, according to the EU Observer, a dozen towns in the northern regions of Lombardy and Veneto were under lockdown, with around 50,000 citizens not allowed to leave, and over 200 reported cases of COVID n Italy.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 On March 4, 2020, according to the Guardian , the Italian government has ordered the closing of all of Italy's schools and universities until 15 March, 2020
COVID-19 pandemic 
 On March 5, 2020 the Guardian reported: "Italian educational institutions close as Covid-19 deaths pass 100"
COVID-19 pandemic 
 On March 8, 2020, Al Jazeera reported that after a daily infection rate of 1,247 cases, Lombardy together with ten other areas were sealed off to try to quarantine 16 million people.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 On October 5, 2020, Italy imposed a new lockdown and set of restrictions after previously relaxing them.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 March 3, 2020 multiple Iranian government officials including deputy health minister Iraj Harirchi and vice president of women and family affairs Masoumeh Ebtekar, who served as a spokesperson during the Iran hostage crisis, had contracted COVID-19.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 On March 12, 2020, Sophie Grégoire Trudeau, the wife of Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, tested positive for coronavirus.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 On April 6, 2020, Canada’s Chief Public Health Officer, Theresa Tam, said that people should use simple cloth facemasks to help slow the spread of the virus.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 The new coronavirus strain, called the 501.V2 Variant, was first discovered in South African province Eastern Cape, KwaZulu-Natal and Western Cape.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 The first case of COVID-19 in New Zealand was detected in late February 2020 in a person in their 60s.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 Between August 25, 2021 and August 31, 2021, the whole of New Zealand had been temporarily increased to its maximum lockdown level, Level 4, due to the delta variant.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 As of September 6, 2021, all of New Zealand has dropped to Level 2, while Auckland remains at Level 4.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 On the Diamond Princess cruise ship, out of 3,711 total passengers and crew members, 621 people, or 17% of all the people on board the ship tested positive for COVID-19.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 In April, Arif Husain of the United Nations' World Food Program said that 130 million more people could go hungry, in addition to the 135 million who were already hungry before the pandemic began.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 He said that poorer countries would be more affected than rich countries because the way they move raw food from farms to cities and other places where people live is less organized and relies more on human beings than on automatic systems.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 This hunger crisis is different from crises in other years because it happened to the whole world at the same time.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 All over the world, children who ate meals at school had less access to food when the schools were shut down.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 Scientists from the University of Michigan said the pandemic was making it harder for people to find food.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 In a study published in May, they said one in seven Americans over age 50 said they had trouble getting enough food before the pandemic, and it got worse when senior centers that provided meals were closed.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 Nursing homes are group homes for old people who need medical care, for disabled people who need medical care, and for people recovering from severe sickness or injury, like stroke patients.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 Many people who live in nursing homes pay through the government program Medicaid, which pays less than Medicare or regular insurance companies.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 In June, many American nursing homes were caught throwing their regular patients out so they could make room for COVID-19 patients who could pay them more.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 United States law requires nursing homes to warn patients 30 days before kicking them out, but the nursing homes did not do this.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 Some of the nursing homes took the COVID-19 patients because state governments asked them to and they say they sent their elderly residents away because they were worried they would catch COVID-19 from the sick patients.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 Because so many governments told people to stay at home, there was less air pollution than usual for that time of year.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 The European Space Agency showed pictures taken from a satellite of China's pollution disappearing during quarantine and coming back when everyone went back to work.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 In the United States, people got less of their electricity from coal power but kept using gas and renewable power like wind and solar power.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 One team of scientists from Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg looked at air pollution information from satellites and statistics on COVID-19 deaths in Italy, France, Germany and Spain and saw that places with large amounts of nitrogen dioxide pollution had more people die from COVID-19.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 Human beings started staying at home about the same time in the spring when sea turtles like to come on land to lay their eggs.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 Turtle scientists in the United States and Thailand both reported more nests than usual on seashores in Florida and Phuket.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 They say it is because people are not coming to the beach or bringing their dogs to the beach and because there are fewer boats in the water nearby.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 With fewer cars driving down roads, salamanders, frogs, and other amphibians were able to cross them for their spring migration.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 According to citizen scientists from Big Night Maine, a group that watches amphibians, four amphibians made it across the roads alive for every one amphibian killed by cars.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 According to marine biologists in Florida, manatee deaths in April and May were 20% higher than in 2019.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 Researchers from the San Diego Zoo Global had the idea for a system that people could use to find dangerous germs before they become pandemics or even before they jump from other animals to humans.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 The scientists said that over the past eleven years it has gotten easier and easier to sequence viral genomes, and it does not have to be done by a large lab or by a government any more.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 Masks should not be placed on children under 2 years of age, people who have trouble breathing, have a respiratory or other medical condition which renders one unable to wear a mask safely, or anyone who is unable to remove the mask without help.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 Covering coughs and sneezes also reduce the risk of spreading the virus, but one can infect someone else by touching things with coughed/sneezed-in hands.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 Making sure not to share drinking glasses, cups and particularly other objects which people will drink or eat out of is important if one assumes they are infected or tested positive in the past.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 Washing eating utensils and other oral eating objects is preferable and cleaning surfaces or possessions which have been repeatedly touched is also important.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 These include, according to the Centers For Disease Control and Prevention, phones, remote controls, counters, tabletops, doorknobs, bathroom fixtures, toilets, keyboards, tablets, and bedside tables.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 Avoiding public transportation, taxis or taking rides with others can stop one's exposure to the virus.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 Rumors spread about high doses of Vitamin C preventing COVID-19, but these as of October 14, 2020, there has been no conclusive evidence to support this idea.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 However, there has been evidence pointing to the fact that dosing patients with Vitamin C, either through mouth or IV can reduce time on mechanical ventilators for seriously ill patients by 14%.Drinking tea such as black tea and green tea can inhibit the virus.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 Staying home for the holidays, having a small gathering of close friends and family members who are consistently taking measures to reduce the spread of COVID-19 and celebrating virtually through social media can prevent being infected by the virus.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 Airports, bus stations, train stations, public transport, gas stations, and rest stops are all places travelers can be exposed to catching the virus.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 Eating a healthy diet that is high in fruits and vegetables, getting rest and sleep, exercising, consuming raw honey, probiotics, garlic, mushrooms and elderberry can boost the immune system.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 Flavanols and proanthocyanidins which are chemicals found in dark chocolate, grapes and green tea may block SARS-CoV-2 proteins.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 Places you are most likely to catch the virus are churches, hair and nail salons, cruise ships, hospitals and the doctor’s office, restaurants and bars, theaters, sporting events, concert venues, buses, restrooms, elevators, the gym, airplanes, hotels, public swimming pools, nightclubs and the beach.
COVID-19 pandemic 
 clusters are groups of COVID-19 cases in which many people in the same area became infected with COVID-19
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA coronavirus which causes the disease COVID-19.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 Many early cases of this new coronavirus were linked to Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market, a large seafood and animal market in Wuhan, China.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 The genetic material of this virus showed many similarities to SARS-CoV (79.5%) and bat coronaviruses (96%).
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 Scientists did more experiments that showed the virus probably went from bats to an intermediate host, meaning another animal in between bats and humans.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 Scientists are close to sure that the original animal was a bat but not sure what the intermediate animal was.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 Some scientists think it could have been a pangolin because there are coronaviruses that live in pangolins even though they are not exactly the same as SARS-CoV-2 or the ones in bats.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 Pangolins are an endangered species and buying, selling or moving them from place to place is illegal in China and many other countries.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 But their scales are an ingredient in many traditional Chinese medicines, so they are often sold on the black market.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 Although SARS-CoV-2 began in bats, scientists noticed that the bats do not get sick and die from it.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 They think this is because the bats have very careful immune systems that fight the virus without causing inflammation.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 Scientists are still looking at SARS-CoV-2 infection in animals, but only a variant strain has been confirmed to spread to minks which has become a huge problem worldwide.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 It is also inducing fear in humans as there are cases being reported of transmission of COVID-19 from minks to humans.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 Cats, dogs and other mammals are said to at relative risk but how they can get infected is still a mystery.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 In early February 2020, the International Committee on the Taxonomy of Viruses' Coronavirus Study Group gave SARS-CoV-2 its official name, for sudden acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus number two.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 Before that, people called the virus "2019-nCoV," for "novel (new) coronavirus that appeared in 2019."
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 The study group chose this name because the new virus was so similar to another virus that was already called SARS-CoV with no number.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 First, the virus enters the cell with the help of the S protein or spike protein expressed on the surface of the virus beyond its envelope.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 The spike protein attaches to the human cell receptor hACE2 or  human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 .
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 After the attachment of the S- protein to the virus, the S protein splits into its two components- S1 head and S2 stalk .
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 The S1 head is now able to bind to the TMPRSS2 receptor which is a serine protease enzyme containing a transmembrane domain.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 The interaction of TMPRSS2 and S1 trigger the cell membrane of the human cell to merge with that of the virus leading to viral genome entry into cells via endosomes.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 The viral genome in the endosomes which convert to lysosomes is then processed by cathepsin, which is then replicated in the human cells and released after viral packaging and maturation in the cells to infect others.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 In October 2020, scientists said they had seen SARS-CoV-2 use another receptor, Neuropilin-1, to enter cells with the help of the furin cleavage site in its genome which was not found in any of its previous ancestors.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 SARS-CoV-2 can infect many kinds of cells, but it mostly infects cells in the respiratory system, such as the cells of the nose, pharynx and lungs.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 Because it is in cells inside the nose, it can spread via aerosol or droplets when people breathe, talk, cough or sneeze.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 The other, type II, produces surfactants, that help keep the lungs fluid, clean, infection free, etc.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 COVID-19 finds a way into a surfactant producing type II cell, and smothers it by reproducing COVID-19 virus within it.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 They compared them to lungs from people who died of influenza A and to lungs from people who died but not from any problem with their lungs.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 They saw the cells that made up the skins of the blood vessels in the lungs were more badly damaged in the lungs from COVID-19 patients, and there was more blood clotting.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 The most important difference the scientists saw was that the lungs had begun to grow new blood vessels.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 In February 2020, the World Health Organization announced they had chosen a name for the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2: COVID-19. "
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 They said they did not want the name to have any person, place, or animal in it, like "Wuhan," or “pangolin,” because then people might blame the disease on that place, person, or animal.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 According to the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID-19 makes people feel sick in different ways, but it usually affects the lungs.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 They often also have a fever, chills, headache, pain in their muscles, or trouble tasting or smelling things.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 According to an April 2020 study by the American Gastroenterological Association, COVID-19 can make sick people vomit or have diarrhea but this is rare.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 They said about 7.7% of COVID-19 patients threw up, about 7.8% had diarrhea and about 3.6% had pain in their stomachs.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 A study from the University of Arizona found that SARS-CoV-2 can prevent an infected person from feeling pain.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 It does this by giving off vascular endothelial growth factor-A, which binds to the human body's neuropilin receptor.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 This way, sick people do not feel pain, do not know they are sick, and spread the virus more than if they could feel pain.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 There are four parts to the virus: the spikes, a membrane, an envelope, and the virus' genetic material, or ribonucleic acid (RNA)  Each of these four parts is a different protein molecule.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 The spikes, membrane, and envelope are together called the viral envelope, or outer layer, of the virus.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 
 SARS-CoV-2 is a positive-strand RNA virus, meaning that it uses ribonucleic acid (RNA) to hold the patterns to make the proteins it needs instead of using DNA the way humans and other multicellular living things do.