the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_embeddings huggingface dataset:
Luria–Delbrück experiment 
 Luria and Delbrück proposed that these results could be explained by the occurrence of a constant rate of random mutations in each generation of bacteria growing in the initial culture tubes.
Screen Actors Guild 
 The Screen Actors Guild (SAG) is an American labor union representing over 200,000 film and television principal performers and background performers worldwide.
Screen Actors Guild 
 According to SAG's Mission Statement, the Guild was created to negotiate and enforce reasonable salaries, benefits, and working conditions for its performers; collect compensation for exploitation of recorded performances by its members, and provide protection against unauthorized use of those performances; and preserve and expand work opportunities for its members.
Screen Actors Guild 
 The Guild was founded in 1933 in an effort to end exploitation of actors in Hollywood who were being forced into oppressive multi-year contracts with the major movie studios that did not include restrictions on work hours or minimum rest periods, and often had clauses that automatically renewed at the studios' discretion.
Screen Actors Guild 
 These contracts were notorious for allowing the studios to dictate the public and private lives of the performers who signed them, and most did not have provisions to allow the performer to end the deal.
Screen Actors Guild 
 In addition to its main offices in Hollywood, SAG also maintains local branches in several major US cities, including:  Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Dallas, Denver, Detroit, Honolulu, Houston, Las Vegas, Miami, Nashville, New York City, Philadelphia, Phoenix, Portland, Salt Lake City, San Diego, San Francisco, Seattle, and Washington DC.
Screen Actors Guild 
 Since 1995, the guild has annually awarded the Screen Actors Guild Awards, which are considered an indicator of success at the Academy Awards.
Screen Actors Guild 
 The membership of the Screen Actors Guild voted to merge with the American Federation of Television and Radio Artists on March 30, 2012.
Screen Actors Guild Award 
 A Screen Actors Guild Award is an award given by the Screen Actors Guild (SAG) to recognize outstanding performances by its members.
Screen Actors Guild Award 
 The statuette given, a nude male figure holding both a mask of comedy and a mask of tragedy, is called "The Actor".
Screen Actors Guild Award 
 It is 16 inches tall, weighs over 12 pounds, cast in solid bronze, and produced by the American Fine Arts Foundry in Burbank, California.
Screen Actors Guild Award 
 Nominations for the awards come from 4200 randomly selected members of the union, with the full membership (120,000 as of 2007) available to vote for the winners.
Screen Actors Guild Award 
 The second SAG awards aired live from the Santa Monica Civic Auditorium, while later awards have been held at the Shrine Exposition Center.
Machair 
 Machair or machar is a Gàidhlig (Scottish Gaelic) word used to describe a fertile low-lying grassy plain found on some of the north-west coastlines of Ireland and Scotland, in particular the Outer Hebrides.
Machair 
 There are machairs in the Isle of Skye, The Isle of Barra, the Isle of Harris and all throughout the west coast and islands.
Max Delbrück 
 Max Ludwig Henning Delbrück (September 4, 1906 – March 9, 1981) was a German-American biophysicist and Nobel laureate.
Max Delbrück 
 Delbrück was one of the most influential people in the movement of physical scientists into biology during the 20th century.
Max Delbrück 
 Delbrück's big idea was to explore genetics by means of the bacteriophage viruses which infect bacteria.
Max Delbrück 
 In 1937, he moved to the United States to pursue his interests in biology, taking up research in the Biology Division at Caltech on genetics of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster.
Max Delbrück 
 While at Caltech Delbrück became acquainted with bacteria and their viruses (bacteriophage or 'phage').
Max Delbrück 
 Delbrück remained in the US during World War II, teaching physics at Vanderbilt University in Nashville while pursuing his genetic research.
Max Delbrück 
 In 1942, he and Salvador Luria of Indiana University demonstrated that bacterial resistance to virus infection is caused by random mutation and not adaptive change.
Max Delbrück 
 This research, known as the Luria-Delbrück experiment, was also significant for its use of mathematics to make quantitative predictions for the results to be expected from alternative models.
Max Delbrück 
 For that work, they were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1969, sharing it with Alfred Hershey.
Max Delbrück 
 During the 1940s Delbrück developed a course in bacteriophage genetics at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory to encourage interest in the field.
Salvador Luria 
 Salvador Edward Luria (Turin, Italy, August 13, 1912 – Lexington, Massachusetts, February 6, 1991) was an Italian microbiologist.
Salvador Luria 
 He won the 1969 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his pioneering work with Max Delbrück and Alfred Hershey on phages in molecular biology.
Salvador Luria 
 Luria was born Salvatore Edoardo Luria in Turin, Italy to an influential Italian Sephardic Jewish family.
Salvador Luria 
 In Rome, he was introduced to Max Delbrück's theories on the gene as a molecule and began to formulate methods for testing genetic theory with bacteriophages, which are viruses that infect bacteria.
Salvador Luria 
 In 1938, he received a fellowship to study in the United States, where he intended to work with Delbrück.
Salvador Luria 
 Soon after Luria received the award Benito Mussolini's fascist regime banned Jews from academic research fellowships.
Salvador Luria 
 Without funding sources for work in the U.S. or Italy, Luria left his home country for Paris, France in 1938.
Salvador Luria 
 As the Nazi German armies invaded France in 1940, Luria fled on bicycle to Marseilles where he received an immigration visa to the United States.
Salvador Luria 
 With the help of physicist Enrico Fermi, whom he knew from his time at the University of Rome, Luria received a fellowship at Columbia University.
Salvador Luria 
 He soon met Delbrück and Hershey, and they collaborated on experiments at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory and in Delbrück's lab at Vanderbilt University.
Salvador Luria 
 His famous experiment with Delbrück in 1943, known as the Luria-Delbrück experiment, demonstrated that inheritance in bacteria follows Darwinian rather than Lamarckian principles and that mutant genes occurring randomly can still give viral resistance without the virus being present.
Salvador Luria 
 The idea that natural selection affects bacteria has profound consequences, for example, it explains how bacteria develop antibiotic resistance.
Salvador Luria 
 His first graduate student was James D. Watson, who went on to discover the structure of DNA with Francis Crick.
Salvador Luria 
 While investigating how a culture of E. coli was able to stop the production of phages, Luria discovered that specific bacterial strains produce enzymes that cut DNA at certain sequences.
Salvador Luria 
 These enzymes became known as restriction enzymes and developed into one of the main molecular tools in molecular biology.
Maya calendar 
 The Maya calendar is a system of calendars and almanacs used in the Maya civilization of pre-Columbian Mesoamerica, and in some modern Maya communities in highland Guatemala.
Maya calendar 
 It shares many aspects with calendars employed by other earlier Mesoamerican civilizations, such as the Zapotec and Olmec, and contemporary or later ones such as the Mixtec and Aztec calendars.
Maya calendar 
 Although the Mesoamerican calendar did not originate with the Maya, their subsequent extensions and refinements of it were the most sophisticated.
Maya calendar 
 Along with those of the Aztecs, the Maya calendars are the best-documented and most completely understood.
Maya calendar 
 There are three main Maya calendars: the 260 day ritual calendar called Tzolk'in, the 365 day Haab''', and the Long Count''.
Maya calendar 
 Approximately 52 years pass before the Haab and Tzolkin calendars converge and are back in the same alignment.
Maya calendar 
 The Tzolk'in is still in use today by the Ixil, Kek'chi and Quiche peoples of the Guatemalan highlands.
Maya calendar 
 Going from right to left, the units are: kin (1 day), uinal (20 kin = 20 days), tun (18 uinal = 360 days), katun (20 tun = approximately 20 years), baktun (20 katun  =394 years).
Maya calendar 
 The Maya then added five days to the calendar after the last month, Cumku, ends, in order to make the year 365 days long.
Maya calendar 
 A common myth about the Maya calendar was that it predicted that the world would end on December 21, 2012.
Maya calendar 
 Unfortunately, because they lacked speech, the birds and animals were unable to pay homage to the gods and were destroyed.
Maya calendar 
 In the second and third Ages the gods created humans of mud and then wood, but these also failed to please and were wiped out.
Maya calendar 
 The "zero date" 13.0.0.0.0 on the Long Count was when, according to the Maya, the third world ended and the fourth one, the current world, began.
Maya calendar 
 There is no evidence that the Long Count would end on 13.0.0.0.0 or that the Maya believed that this would be the date of the apocalypse.
Maya calendar 
 Still, a variety of popular books and movies have contributed to the publicity surrounding the Maya calendar's supposed prediction of the end of the world in 2012.
Mexican coat of arms 
 The flag of Mexico contains a coat of arms which is derived from an Aztec symbol depicting an eagle with a snake in its mouth.
Mexican coat of arms 
 In the early 14th century, the Mexica people were a wandering tribe  looking for a permanent settlement in modern day central Mexico.
Mexican coat of arms 
 They survived by hunting and gathering and were often hired to fight as mercenaries for the city-states scattered throughout the region.
Mexican coat of arms 
 According to legend, their god, Huitzilopochtli, told them to establish a city of their own at a site where they would find an eagle eating a snake on top of a cactus.
Mexican coat of arms 
 The legend relates that the people saw the eagle on a small, swampy island in the middle of the shallow Texcoco lake.
Mexican coat of arms 
 The Mexica invented a resourceful system of gardening, called chinampas, which allowed them to grow small gardens, eventually drying out the lake.
Mexican coat of arms 
 That city, which they called Tenochtitlan, became the capital of the Aztec Empire, which dominated central Mexico until its destruction by Spanish Conquistadores led by Hernando Cortes.
Mexican coat of arms 
 After winning its independence from Spain in 1810, the newly created nation of Mexico–whose capital was built on the ruins of Tenochtitlan–adopted the symbol of the eagle and the snake to commemorate its Aztec heritage.
San Lorenzo Tenochtitlan 
 San Lorenzo Tenochtitlan started out as an agricultural and population center for the Olmec civilization, which inhabited a region of what is today southeastern Mexico.
San Lorenzo Tenochtitlan 
 The main reason San Lorenzo flourished at such an early period is its location within the Coatzacoalcos flood plain, which provided fertile land for farming.
San Lorenzo Tenochtitlan 
 Thus, the settlement of San Lorenzo follows the pattern of settlement of the world’s very first urban centers, which emerged in the fertile river valleys of Mesopotamia.
San Lorenzo Tenochtitlan 
 Because of the high farming value of the surrounding land, San Lorenzo ranked as the Olmecs’ most populous settlement from 1200-900 BC.
San Lorenzo Tenochtitlan 
 For unknown reasons, many people migrated out of San Lorenzo in 800 BC to the nearby city of La Venta.
San Lorenzo Tenochtitlan 
 However, San Lorenzo was repopulated in 600 BC, when it became a center for Olmec ritual sacrifices until the population faded away in 400 BC along with the Olmec civilization.
San Lorenzo Tenochtitlan 
 Today, San Lorenzo remains a significant archaeological site because the artifacts found there–including the famous Colossal Heads and jade masks–shed some light on Olmec culture and its profound influence on later Mesoamerican civilizations, such as the Aztec and Maya.
Terrace farming 
 Terrace farming (also called step farming) is a method of farming that consists of different "steps" or terraces that were developed in various places around the world.
Terrace farming 
 When it rains, instead of washing away all of the nutrients in the soil, the nutrients are carried down to the next level.
Sapa Inca 
 According to legend, the first Sapa Inca, Manco Cápac (c. 1200 CE- 1230) was the son of the sun god, Inti.
Sapa Inca 
 Manco Cápac became Sapa Inca by founding the city of Cuzco after he was sent on a quest by a god to find a good location for a city and build one.
Sapa Inca 
 Another privilege that he had was that he was allowed to (and usually would) marry his sister even though it was prohibited for common people.
Sapa Inca 
 The Inca Empire reached its height under Huayna Capac (1493–1527) when it stretched from modern day Argentina to Ecuador, although Tupac Inca Yupanqui (1471-1493) was responsible for expanding much of the empire to those borders.
Sapa Inca 
 He was killed by the invading Spaniards in 1533 and after that there were several Sapa Inca who were installed by the Spanish.
STS-1 
 The paint was put to protect the external tank from ultraviolet light when it was standing on the launch pad.
Omar Hassan Ahmad al-Bashir 
 In October 2004, Omar's government negotiated an end to the second Sudanese civil war, one of the longest-running and deadliest wars of the 20th century.
Omar Hassan Ahmad al-Bashir 
 However, there has been a violent conflict in Darfur that has resulted in a death toll between 200,000 and 400,000.
Omar Hassan Ahmad al-Bashir 
 During his presidency, there have been several violent struggles between the rebel groups such as the Sudanese Liberation Army (SLA) and the Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) in the form of warfare in the Darfur region.
Omar Hassan Ahmad al-Bashir 
 The civil war has resulted in over 2.5 million people being displaced, and the relations between Sudan and Chad are at a crisis.
Regression (psychology) 
 It means the act of reversing the ego into an earlier state which allows one to avoid dealing with impulses in a mature manner.
Regression (psychology) 
 A common example of regression is “curling up into a ball” (also known as the fetal position) when stressed, ill, or wounded.
Displacement (psychology) 
 Example: the mind redirects thoughts, emotions, desires from an object or person felt to be dangerous or unacceptable to an object or person felt to be safe or acceptable.
Displacement (psychology) 
 More generally, the substitute of one response by another, when the original response is blocked: displaced aggression.
Ego depletion 
 Ego depletion is the idea that people get tired of making decisions because it is a neuro-chemical process that requires energy.
Central dogma of molecular biology 
 The central dogma of molecular biology is a phrase by Francis Crick, who proposed the double helix structure of DNA.
Central dogma of molecular biology 
 It means that information passes from DNA to proteins via RNA, but proteins cannot pass the information back to DNA.
Central dogma of molecular biology 
 3 special transfers (known to occur, but only under specific conditions in case of some viruses or in a laboratory), and
Central dogma of molecular biology 
 The general transfers describe the normal flow of biological information: DNA can be copied to DNA (DNA replication),  DNA information can be copied into mRNA, (transcription), and proteins can be synthesized using the information in mRNA as a template (translation).
Central dogma of molecular biology 
 This is the principle that hereditary information moves only from genes to body cells, and never in reverse.
Ubar 
 According to Nicolas Clapp, this probably is the lost city Iram of the Pillars the Qu'ran talks about.
Daniel Catán 
 Daniel Catán Porteny (3 April 1949 in Mexico City - 9 April 2011 in Austin, Texas) was a Mexican opera composer of Jewish descent.
Daniel Catán 
 He was working at the University of Texas at Austin on a new opera based on the Frank Capra movie, Meet John Doe.
Rick Perry 
 On December 13, 2016, then-President-elect Donald Trump nominated Perry to serve as United States Secretary of Energy during his administration.
Rick Perry 
 In 1984, Perry was elected to the Texas House of Representatives as a Democrat from district 64, which included his home county of Haskell.
Rick Perry 
 He served on the House Appropriations and Calendars committees during his three two-year terms in office.
Rick Perry 
 In 1990, as a newly Republican, Perry challenged Jim Hightower, the incumbent Democratic Agriculture Commissioner.
Rick Perry 
 In April 1993, Perry, while serving as Texas agriculture commissioner, expressed support for the effort to reform the nation's health care, describing it as "most commendable".
Rick Perry 
 In 1998, Perry chose not to seek a third term as Agriculture Commissioner, running instead for Lieutenant Governor to succeed the retiring Democrat Bob Bullock.
Rick Perry 
 Perry assumed the office of governor on December 21, 2000, following the resignation of George W. Bush – who was preparing to become President of the United States.
Rick Perry 
 In the 2001 legislative session, Perry set a record for his use of the veto, rejecting 82 acts, more than
Rick Perry 
 any other governor in any single legislative session in the history of the state since Reconstruction.
Rick Perry 
 As of September 18, 2014, there have been 278 executions since Perry first took office in December 2000.
Rick Perry 
 He was accused of threatening a Democratic District Attorney who had been convicted of drunk driving to resign by threatening to veto funding for state public corruption prosecutors.
Rick Perry 
 The indictment received some support and also wide criticism from all sides of the political parties, and editorial criticism from major US newspapers.
Rick Perry 
 He was a frontrunner for the nomination during the first month of his campaign, but he did not do well in many of the debates.
Rick Perry 
 On June 4, 2015, Perry officially announced his bid with a new web site and a press conference at Addison Airport outside Dallas, Texas.
Rick Perry 
 Perry has been mentioned as a possible challenger to U.S. Senator and fellow 2016 Republican presidential candidate Ted Cruz in 2018.
Rick Perry 
 Speculation about Cruz being challenged in the Republican primary arose during the 2016 Republican National Convention, when Cruz refused to endorse Donald Trump, the eventual Republican presidential nominee, whom Perry had endorsed after Cruz suspended his campaign.
Rick Perry 
 In a poll conducted from August 12 to 14 of that year by Public Policy Polling, Perry had a 46%-37% lead over Cruz.
Rick Perry 
 On December 12, 2016, multiple sources reported that Perry is to be nominated by President-elect of the United States Trump to serve as Secretary of the United States Department of Energy.
Rick Perry 
 His nomination was approved by a 16-7 vote from the United States Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources on January 31, 2017.
Rick Perry 
 A July 25, 2019 telephone call between Trump and Ukraine president Volodymyr Zelensky led in September to a whistleblower complaint and an impeachment inquiry against Trump.
Rick Perry 
 Two weeks after the inquiry was launched, Trump claimed in a conference call with Congressional Republican leaders that he had only made the telephone call at Perry's urging.
Rick Perry 
 On August 30, 2016, Perry was announced as one of the celebrities who would compete on season 23 of Dancing with the Stars.
Jerry Jones 
 Jerral "Jerry" Wayne Jones (born October 13, 1942 in Los Angeles, California) is the owner and general manager of the Dallas Cowboys in the NFL.
Texas Motor Speedway 
 Its layout is similar to the track layout of Atlanta Motor Speedway and Charlotte Motor Speedway (which used to be known as Lowe's Motor Speedway).
Texas Motor Speedway 
 An asterisk (*) indicates that the race was extended beyond the scheduled distance due to the green-white-checker finish rule
Whataburger 
 The restaurant chain was completely on portable stands until the first permanent store was built in 1961.
Monday Night Football 
 ESPN Monday Night Football is a television show about the NFL which is broadcast on the channel ESPN and is on every Monday during the NFL season.
The Human League 
 Philip Oakey, the band's singer, is the only Human League member that has been with the band since it started.
The Human League 
 Some of The Human League's hit songs are "Don't You Want Me", "Keep Feeling Fascination", "The Lebanon" and "Human".
20/20 (American TV program) 
 20/20 is recently hosted by Chris Cuomo and Elizabeth Vargas, currently hosted by David Muir and Amy Robach.
Mesoamerican ball game 
 The Mesoamerican ball game is a sport that people in Mesoamerica have played since about 1,400 B.C.E.  It was the first team sport in history, as far as historians know.
Mesoamerican ball game 
 In some parts of Mexico, indigenous people still play a more modern version of the game, called ulama.
Mesoamerican ball game 
 This means that people have played the Mesoamerican ballgame for over 3,400 years  longer than any other sport in history.
Mesoamerican ball game 
 Since getting the ball through the hoop was uncommon, a team could also score points by hitting one of six markers alongside the edges of the court.
Mesoamerican ball game 
 In Aztec culture, for example, the game was meant to represent the combat that happened every day on the "ball court" in the underworld, where the sun fought with the night to get across.p.
Mesoamerican ball game 
 Sometimes, the Mayans would make prisoners of war play the game, and would sacrifice them if they lost.
Mesoamerican ball game 
 The Aztecs also sacrificed losing teams (or, according to some historians, winning teams) after some games.
Mesoamerican ball game 
 The ancient Aztecs believed that without human sacrifice, the sun would stop and the earth would be plunged into darkness.
Mesoamerican ball game 
 Sometimes, ancient Aztecs would decorate the ball court with the skulls of people who had been sacrificed.
Mesoamerican ball game 
 In the different versions of the game, players may use their hips, forearms, or paddles to hit the ball.
Hit the Road, Jack 
 In standard English, the words could be "Hit the road, Jack, and don't come back again" or "Hit the road, Jack, and don't come back anymore"
Olaf Scholz 
 Olaf Scholz (; born ) is a German politician, and has been Chancellor of Germany since 8 December 2021.
Olaf Scholz 
 From 2018 until 2021, Scholz was the Vice Chancellor of Germany and Federal Minister of Finance during the Angela Merkel cabinet.
Olaf Scholz 
 Scholz was born on June 14, 1958, in Osnabrück, Lower Saxony, but grew up Hamburg's Rahlstedt district.
Olaf Scholz 
 He began studying law at the University of Hamburg in 1978 as part of a one-stage legal training course.
Olaf Scholz 
 From May to October 2001, he was Minister of the Interior (Innensenator) of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg and from 2002 to 2004 he was general secretary of the SPD.
Olaf Scholz 
 In 2005 Scholz was elected a member of the sixteenth Bundestag, and succeeded Franz Müntefering as Minister of Labour and Social Affairs, when the latter left office in 2007.
Olaf Scholz 
 On 20 February 2011, the Social Democrats led by Scholz won the Hamburg state election, 2011 with 48.3% of the votes, resulting in 62 out of 121 seats in the Hamburg Parliament.
Olaf Scholz 
 Scholz resigned as a member of the seventeenth Bundestag on 11 March 2011 shortly after his election as First Mayor.
Olaf Scholz 
 After the 2017 federal election, the CDU, CSU and SPD agreed to continue a coalition, Scholz was accepted by all parties as Federal Minister of Finance.
Olaf Scholz 
 Within his first months in office, Scholz became one of Germany's most popular politicians, reaching an approval rating of 50 percent.