the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_embeddings huggingface dataset:
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology, or S.M.A.R.T. is a system to watch computer hard disks to help stop the risk of failures.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 Examples for this is the failure of an electronic component, or sudden mechanical failure, perhaps because of bad handling.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 This is like a thermometer in a vehicle that can alert the driver to do something before serious damage occurs, for example because the engine is too hot.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 These may include increased heat output, a more noisy drive, problems with reading or writing data and a big increase in the number of damaged disk sectors.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 At the time of the warning, there is usually still time to do certain things to prevent data loss, for example copying the data to a different drive.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 Approximately 30% of failures can be predicted by S.M.A.R.T. Work at Google on over 100,000 drives has shown little overall predictive value of S.M.A.R.T. status as a whole.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 The study suggests that certain sub-categories of information which some S.M.A.R.T. implementations track do correlate with actual failure rates.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 In the 60 days after the first scan error on a drive, the drive is 39 times more likely to fail on average than it would have been had no such error occurred.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 Also, first errors in reallocations, offline reallocations and probational counts are strongly correlated to higher probabilities of failure.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 PCTechGuide's page on S.M.A.R.T. commented in 2003 that the technology had gone through three phases:
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 The industry's first hard disk monitoring technology was introduced by IBM in 1992 in their IBM 9337 Disk Arrays for AS/400 servers using IBM 0662 SCSI-2 disk drives.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 It was measuring several key device health parameters and evaluating them within the drive firmware.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 Communications between the physical unit and the monitoring software were limited to a binary result – namely, either "device is OK" or "drive is likely to fail soon".
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 Later, another variant, which was named IntelliSafe, was created by computer manufacturer Compaq and disk drive manufacturers Seagate, Quantum, and Conner.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 The disk drives would measure the disk’s "health parameters", and the values would be transferred to the operating system and user-space monitoring software.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 Each disk drive vendor was free to decide which parameters were to be included for monitoring, and what their thresholds should be.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 It was supported by IBM, by Compaq's development partners Seagate, Quantum, and Conner, and by Western Digital, who did not have a failure prediction system at the time.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 A "threshold exceeded" value is intended to indicate that there is a relatively high probability that the drive will not be able to honour its specification in the future – that is, the drive is "about to fail".
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 The predicted failure may be catastrophic or may be something as subtle as the inability to write to certain sectors, or perhaps slower performance than the manufacturer's declared minimum.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 Alternatively, if a drive has experienced problems in the past, but the sensors no longer detect such problems, the SMART status may, depending on the manufacturer's programming, suggest that the drive is now sound.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 One way that unreadable sectors may be created, even when the drive is functioning within specification, is through a sudden power failure while the drive is writing.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 In order to prevent this problem, modern hard drives will always finish writing at least the current sector immediately after the power fails (typically using rotational energy from the disk).
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 Also, even if the physical disk is damaged at one location, such that a certain sector is unreadable, the disk may be able to use spare space to replace the bad area, so that the sector can be overwritten.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 SMART Attributes were included in some drafts of the ATA standard, but were removed before the standard became final.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 The meaning and interpretation of the attributes varies between manufacturers, and are sometimes considered a trade secret for one manufacturer or another.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 The error log records information about the most recent errors that the drive has reported back to the host computer.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 Examining this log may help one to determine whether computer problems are disk-related or caused by something else.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 A drive supporting SMART may optionally support a number of self-test or maintenance routines, and the results of the tests are kept in the self-test log.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 The self-test routines may be used to detect any unreadable sectors on the disk, so that they may be restored from back-up sources (for example, from other disks in a RAID).
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 Although an industry standard among most major hard drive manufacturers, there are some remaining issues and much proprietary "secret knowledge" held by individual manufacturers as to their specific approach.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 From a legal perspective, the term "S.M.A.R.T." refers only to a signalling method between internal disk drive electromechanical sensors and the host computer.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 Hence, a drive may be claimed by its manufacturers to include S.M.A.R.T. support even if it does not include, say, a temperature sensor, which the customer might reasonably expect to be present.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 Moreover, in the most extreme case, a disk manufacturer could, in theory, produce a drive which includes a sensor for just one physical attribute, and then legally advertise the product as "S.M.A.R.T. compatible".
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 Depending on the type of interface being used, some S.M.A.R.T.-enabled motherboards and related software may not communicate with certain S.M.A.R.T.-capable drives.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 For example, few external drives connected via USB and Firewire correctly send S.M.A.R.T. data over those interfaces.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 With so many ways to connect a hard drive (SCSI, Fibre Channel, ATA, SATA, SAS, SSA, and so on), it is difficult to predict whether S.M.A.R.T. reports will function correctly in a given system.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 Even on hard drives and interfaces that support it, S.M.A.R.T. information may not be reported correctly to the computer's operating system.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 Some disk controllers can duplicate all write operations on a secondary "back-up" drive in real time.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 However, many programs which are designed to analyze changes in drive behaviour and relay S.M.A.R.T. alerts to the operator do not function properly when a computer system is configured for RAID support.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 Generally this is because, under normal RAID operational conditions, the computer is not permitted by the RAID subsystem to 'see' (or directly access) individual physical drives, but may access only logical volumes instead.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 On the Windows platform, many programs designed to monitor and report S.M.A.R.T. information will function only under an administrator account.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 At present, S.M.A.R.T. is implemented individually by manufacturers, and while some aspects are standardized for compatibility, others are not.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 Each drive manufacturer defines a set of attributes, and sets threshold values beyond which attributes should not pass under normal operation.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 Each attribute has a raw value'', whose meaning is entirely up to the drive manufacturer (but often corresponds to counts or a physical unit, such degrees Celsius or seconds), and a normalized value, which ranges from 1 to 253 (with 1 representing the worst case and 253 representing the best).
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 Manufacturers that have supported at least one S.M.A.R.T. attribute in various products include:  Samsung, Seagate, IBM (Hitachi), Fujitsu, Maxtor, Toshiba, Western Digital and ExcelStor Technology.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 Threshold Exceeds Condition (TEC) is a supposed date when a critical drive statistic attribute will reach its threshold value.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 Prognosis of this date is based on the factor "Speed of attribute change"; how many points each month the value is decreasing/increasing.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 This factor is calculated automatically at any change of S.M.A.R.T. attributes for each attribute individually.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology 
 Note that TEC dates are not guarantees; hard drives can and will either last much longer or fail much sooner than the date given by a TEC.
Montourtier 
 On 1 January 2019, the commune was unified with Montsûrs-Saint-Céneré, Deux-Évailles and Saint-Ouën-des-Vallons, and the new municipality took the name of Montsûrs.
Montsûrs 
 On 1 January 2017, it was merged with Saint-Céneré and formed the short-lived commune Montsûrs-Saint-Céneré.
Montsûrs 
 Montsûrs-Saint-Céneré was merged with Deux-Évailles, Montourtier and Saint-Ouën-des-Vallons on 1 January 2019, and the new commune took the name of Montsûrs.
Predictive Failure Analysis 
 Predicive failure analysis is a technology developed by IBM to monitor the likelihood of a hard disk failure.
Parallel ATA 
 Parallel ATA is a way to connect storage devices, such as Hard disks, solid-state drives, and CD-ROM drives inside personal computers.
Parallel ATA 
 It is an evolution of the AT Attachment Interface, which was itself evolved in several stages from Western Digital's original Integrated Drive Electronics interface.
Parallel ATA 
 As a result, many near-synonyms for ATA/ATAPI and its previous incarnations exist, including abbreviations such as IDE which are still in common informal use.
Parallel ATA 
 With the market introduction of Serial ATA in 2003, the original ATA was retroactively renamed Parallel ATA (PATA).
Parallel ATA 
 Because of this length limit the technology normally appears as an internal computer storage interface.
Parallel ATA 
 Older computers based on Parallel ATA are still widely-used in embedded and industrial applications.
Serial Attached SCSI 
 Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) is a technology  designed to move data to and from computer storage devices such as hard drives and tape drives.
Serial Attached SCSI 
 At present it is slightly slower than the final parallel SCSI implementation, but in 2009 it will double its present speed to 6 Gbit/s. This will permit much higher speed data transfers.
Serial Attached SCSI 
 These drives may be connected to SAS backplanes (controllers), but SAS drives can not be connected to SATA backplanes.
Serial Attached SCSI 
 The SAS protocol is developed and maintained by the T10 technical committee of the International Committee for Information Technology Standards (INCITS) and promoted by the SCSI Trade Association (SCSITA).
Serial Attached SCSI 
 If one initiator is connected to one target,  there is no opportunity for contention;  with parallel SCSI,  even this situation could cause contention.
Serial Attached SCSI 
 SAS supports up to 16,384 devices through the use of expanders while Parallel SCSI is limited to 8, 16, or 32 devices (including the SCSI controller) on a single channel.
Serial Attached SCSI 
 The speed is realized on each initiator-target connection, hence higher throughput whereas in parallel SCSI the speed is shared across the entire multidrop bus.
Serial Attached SCSI 
 SATA devices are uniquely identified by their port number connected to the Host bus adapter while SAS devices are uniquely identified by their World Wide Name (WWN).
Serial Attached SCSI 
 Most SAS drives provide Tagged Command Queuing, while most newer SATA drives provide Native Command Queuing, each of which has its pros and cons.
Serial Attached SCSI 
 However, this advantage could also be moot, as most such devices have also found alternative paths via such buses as USB, IEEE 1394 (FireWire), and Ethernet.
Serial Attached SCSI 
 Some port multiplier manufacturers have implemented multipath I/O leveraging port multiplier hardware.
Serial Attached SCSI 
 SATA is marketed as a general-purpose successor to Parallel ATA and is now common in the consumer market, while the more expensive SAS is marketed for critical server applications.
Serial Attached SCSI 
 SAS error recovery and reporting utilize SCSI commands which have more functionality than the ATA SMART commands used by SATA drives.
Serial Attached SCSI 
 SAS uses higher signaling voltages (800-1600 mV TX, 275-1600 mV RX) than SATA (400-600 mV TX, 325-600 mV RX).
Serial Attached SCSI 
 Because of its higher signaling voltages, SAS can use cables up to 8 m (25 ft) long, SATA is limited to 1 m (3 ft).
Serial Attached SCSI 
 The SAS connector is much smaller than traditional parallel SCSI connectors allowing for the small  drives.
Serial Attached SCSI 
 SAS supports point data transfer speeds up to 3 Gbit/s, but is expected to reach 12 Gbit/s by the year 2012.
All the Greatest Hits 
 The album also includes 3 new songs: "The Heart Never Lies", "The Way You Make Me Feel" and "Don't Wake Me Up".
The Judas Kiss 
 "The Judas Kiss" is the fourth single off the album by rock band Metallica off their ninth studio album Death Magnetic.
Death Magnetic 
 The album was released September 12, 2008 with the hits The Day That Never Comes, Cyanide, My Apocalypse, The Unforgiven III, and The Judas Kiss.
Death Magnetic 
 Rick Rubin won "Producer of the Year, Non-Classical" for his work on Death Magnetic, as well as other albums this past year.
Death Magnetic 
 The album won two Grammys for "Best Metal Performance" and "Best Recording Package" at the 51st Grammy Awards on February 8, 2009.
Tagged Command Queuing 
 Tagged Command Queueing (TCQ) is a technology that allows to send multiple read and write requests to a hard drive simultaneously.
Tagged Command Queuing 
 ATA TCQ is not identical in function to the more efficient Native Command Queuing (NCQ) used by SATA drives.
Tagged Command Queuing 
 In order to boost performance, it had to decide the order of the requests based on its own, possibly incorrect, idea of what the hard drive was doing.
Tagged Command Queuing 
 With TCQ, the drive can make its own decisions about how to order the requests (and in turn relieve the operating system from having to do so).
Tagged Command Queuing 
 The result is that TCQ can improve the overall performance of a hard drive if it is implemented correctly.
Tagged Command Queuing 
 For efficiency the sectors should be serviced in order of proximity to the current head position, rather than in the order received.
Tagged Command Queuing 
 The queue is constantly receiving new requests and fulfilling and removing existing requests, and re-ordering the queue according to the current pending read/write requests and the changing position of the head.
Tagged Command Queuing 
 The exact reordering algorithm may depend upon the controller and the drive itself, but the host computer simply makes requests as needed, leaving the controller to handle the details.
Tagged Command Queuing 
 This queuing mechanism is sometimes referred to as "elevator seeking", as the image of a modern elevator in a building servicing multiple calls and processing them to minimise travel illustrates the idea well.
Tagged Command Queuing 
 If the buttons for floors 5, 2, and 4 are pressed in that order with the elevator starting on floor 1, an old elevator would go to the floors in the order requested.
Tagged Command Queuing 
 A modern elevator processes the requests to stop at floors in the logical order 2, 4, and 5, without unnecessary travel.
Tagged Command Queuing 
 Non-queueing disk drives service the requests in the order received, like an old elevator; queueing drives service requests in the most efficient order.
Tagged Command Queuing 
 This may improve performance slightly in a system used by a single user, but really comes into its own in a system with many users, making requests all over the disk surface.
Native Command Queuing 
 Native Command Queuing (NCQ) is a technology designed to increase performance of SATA hard disks on computers.
Native Command Queuing 
 It can do this under certain situations by allowing the individual hard disk to internally optimize the order in which it executes the read and write requests it received.
Native Command Queuing 
 This can reduce the amount of unnecessary drive head movement and resulting in better performance (and slightly decreased wear of the drive) for workloads where multiple read/write requests are outstanding at the same time.
Native Command Queuing 
 However, the current (as of 2004) technology actually slows down HD access in certain applications, like games and sequential reads and writes, because of the added latency induced by NCQ logic.
Native Command Queuing 
 ATA's attempt at integrating TCQ was constrained by the requirement that ATA host bus adapters use ISA bus device protocols to interact with the operating system.
Native Command Queuing 
 The resulting high CPU overhead and negligible performance gain contributed to a lack of market acceptance for TCQ.
Native Command Queuing 
 NCQ differs from PATA TCQ in that the command re-ordering is performed by the drive rather than the operating system, and each command is equal in importance.
Native Command Queuing 
 This is preferable since the drive has the most knowledge of its performance characteristics, and is able to take rotational position into account.
Native Command Queuing 
 NCQ and PATA TCQ have a maximum queue length of 32 in-flight commands (31 in practice), while SCSI TCQ has a maximum queue length of 264 in-flight commands.
Native Command Queuing 
 For NCQ to be enabled, it must be supported and enabled in the SATA host bus adapter and in the hard drive itself.
Native Command Queuing 
 The appropriate device driver must be loaded into the operating system to enable NCQ on the host bus adapter.
Native Command Queuing 
 Many newer chipsets support the Advanced Host Controller Interface (AHCI), which should allow a generic driver supplied by the operating system to control them and enable NCQ.
Native Command Queuing 
 Unfortunately, Windows XP requires the installation of a vendor-specific driver even if AHCI is present on the host bus adapter.
Serial Storage Architecture 
 IBM produced a number of drives with this standard, but today, it has been largely replaced by the Fibre Channel architecture.
Fibre Channel 
 Fibre Channel, or FC is an architecture (and a set of protocols to attach disk drives to computers, like in a Storage Area Network.
Fibre Channel 
 This is enough to support data transfer rates of up to 800 MBit/s. Fibrechannel permits connecting the same disk subsystem to several computers.
Fibre Channel 
 Arbitrated Loop: All the devices are connected in a logical bus topology (shown on the right in the picture above).
Saint-Céneré 
 On 1 January 2019, the commune was unified with Deux-Évailles, Montourtier and Saint-Ouën-des-Vallons, and the new municipality took the name of Montsûrs.
Saint-Georges-sur-Erve 
 Saint-Georges-sur-Erve is a commune in Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in  northwest France.
Saint-Ouën-des-Vallons 
 On 1 January 2019, the commune was unified with Montsûrs-Saint-Céneré, Deux-Évailles and Montourtier, and the new municipality took the name of Montsûrs.
Saint-Pierre-des-Nids 
 It is to be found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Saulges 
 In Saulges, there is also a prehistoric canyon which is 1.8 million years old and 20 different prehistoric caves.
Middle Franconia 
 Middle Franconia (, ; Main-Franconian: Middlfrangng) is a government region in the Free State of Bavaria.
Carly Colón 
 Carlos Edwin "Carly" Colón, Jr. (born on February 21 1979) is a Puerto Rican professional wrestler better known internationally by his ring name Carlito.
Carly Colón 
 He was best known for his time that he spent with World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) where he won the Intercontinental Championship, the United States Championship and the World Tag Team Championship and WWE Tag Team Championship with his brother Primo.
Carly Colón 
 He is also a Canadian citizen since the new citizenship laws went into effect in Canada on April 18, 2009, which automatically gave him citizenship as well as citizenship (retroactive to date of birth) to all individuals born outside of Canada in the first generation born abroad to a Canadian parent (he was born in the first generation abroad – Puerto Rico – to a Canadian mother).
NBA All-Star Game 
 The NBA All-Star Game is an NBA game in which the best players in the Eastern Conference play with the best players in the Western Conference.
National Hockey League All-Star Game 
 The National Hockey League All-Star Game is an exhibition ice hockey game that traditionally marks the midway point of the National Hockey League's regular season.
Biblical manuscript 
 They vary in size from tiny scrolls containing individual verses of the Jewish scriptures to huge polyglot codices containing both the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh) and the New Testament, as well as other works.
Biblical manuscript 
 The Aleppo Codex (c. 920 AD) and Leningrad Codex (c. 1008 AD) were the oldest Hebrew language manuscripts of the Tanakh.
Biblical manuscript 
 The 1947 find at Qumran of the Dead Sea scrolls pushed the manuscript history of the Tanakh back a millennium from the two earliest complete codices.
Biblical manuscript 
 Before this discovery, the earliest extant manuscripts of the Old Testament were in Greek in manuscripts such as Codex Vaticanus and Codex Sinaiticus.
Biblical manuscript 
 Every book of the Tanakh is represented except for the Book of Esther; however, most are fragmentary.
Biblical manuscript 
 Notably, there are two scrolls of the Book of Isaiah, one complete (1QIsa), and one around 75% complete (1QIsb).
Biblical manuscript 
 There are over 5,800 complete or fragmented Greek manuscripts, 10,000 Latin manuscripts and 9,300 manuscripts in various other ancient languages, such as Syriac, Slavic, Gothic, Ethiopic, Coptic and Armenian.
Biblical manuscript 
 The dates of these manuscripts range from about 125 AD (the Ryland manuscript, P52; containing fragments of the oldest copy of John) to the introduction of printing in Germany in the 15th century.