the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_embeddings huggingface dataset:
Tree 
 For this reason, many mythologies around the world have the concept of the World tree, a great tree that acts as an Axis mundi, holding up the cosmos, and providing a link between the heavens, earth and underworld.
Tree 
 The world tree is also an important part of Mesoamerican mythologies, where it represents the four cardinal directions (north, south, east, and west).
Tree 
 In literature, a mythology was notably developed by J.R.R. Tolkien, his Two Trees of Valinor playing a central role in his  1964 Tree and Leaf.
Tragedy 
 In theatre, a tragedy as defined by Aristotle is a play that ends badly for the hero or heroine or others.
Tragedy 
 A tragedy is usually about a person who has many good qualities, but also has one poor quality (called a "tragic flaw") that causes trouble for him, and maybe his family or friends.
Tragedy 
 Often in a tragedy, there is one possible event that the hero fears and tries to prevent, but no matter what he does, it makes this thing more and more sure to happen.
Tragedy 
 Sometimes the word tragedy is also used to mean something with a bad outcome in real life e.g. crime or death.
Taxonomy 
 The name is the same all over the world, so scientists from different places can understand each other.
Taxonomy 
 That is well agreed, but the classification of some groups is not agreed at present, and often several classifications are being discussed.
Taxonomy 
 Each species is put into a group because of what it does, how and what it eats, special body parts, and so on.
Taxonomy 
 When someone writes about a living thing and its formal scientific name, they write the genus and species name.
Taxonomy 
 On 1 January 2012, the International Botanical Congress changed to allow English (as well as Latin) for describing new plant species.
Taxonomy 
 The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature recommends choosing a language that is widely used, and that is used in the places where the species lives.
Taxonomy 
 Like traditional Linnaean classification, it uses traits to decide on the branches of the classification.
Taxonomy 
 Present-day biological classification is a mixture of the old Linnaean and the modern cladistic principles of taxonomy.
Taxonomy 
 The classifications presented in Wikipedia at present are often a compromise between the two systems.
Taxonomy 
 It is caused partly from the move from Linnaean to cladistic principles, and partly by the use of DNA sequence data in taxonomy.
Taxonomy 
 An example is: the way derived groups like birds should not be classified at the same level as the group they evolved from.
Taxonomy 
 Pages may rely on different references and different authors' opinions as to the present best arrangement.
Taxonomy 
 The following source is good on the differences between cladistic and taxonomic classification systems:
Theft 
 Theft is when one person or group takes from another persons or state any object, money, or information without permission.
Theft 
 Thieves steal things sometimes because they want to have something for themselves, or because they want to sell something for money.
Theft 
 Sometimes thieves will make plans to rob a store, bank, house, or person, and sometimes they will just see a chance to steal something and take it.
Theft 
 When thieves steal things for money, they usually pick cars, electronics, laptops, or other things they can sell easily.
United Kingdom 
 The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland or simply the United Kingdom (UK) is a sovereign country in Western Europe.
United Kingdom 
 It is a constitutional monarchy that is made up of four separate countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.
United Kingdom 
 They can be divided into four big nationalities based on the countries where they live (or where they were born or their ancestry).
United Kingdom 
 Unlike the other three countries, it is not on the island of Great Britain: it is part of the island called Ireland.
United Kingdom 
 Northern Ireland takes up about a sixth of Ireland (with the Republic of Ireland taking up the remainder).
United Kingdom 
 5.5 per cent of the population speak languages brought to the UK as a result of relatively recent immigration.
United Kingdom 
 There are also other big cities in England including Birmingham, Manchester, Liverpool, Leeds, Bristol and Newcastle upon Tyne.
United Kingdom 
 At its height in 1922, more than 458 million people lived in the British Empire, one-fifth of the Earth's population.
United Kingdom 
 The empire was sometimes called 'the empire on which the sun never sets', meaning the sun is always shining on at least one of its territories.
United Kingdom 
 Almost all countries left and became independent from the empire in the 20th century, although Britain keeps links with most countries of its former empire.
United Kingdom 
 The "UK" is a common abbreviation of United Kingdom, which derives from when its Kingdom had been United.
United Kingdom 
 The occupation was not continuous, probably because the climate was too extreme at times for people to live there.
United Kingdom 
 Archaeological remains show that the first group of modern people to live in the British Isles were hunter-gatherers after the last ice age ended.
United Kingdom 
 The Romans never took over Ireland and never fully controlled Caledonia, the land north of the valleys of the River Forth and River Clyde.
United Kingdom 
 Their northern border varied from time to time and was marked sometimes at Hadrian's Wall (in modern England), sometimes at the Antonine Wall (in modern Scotland).
United Kingdom 
 They developed from Old English, the language spoken by the Anglo-Saxons of Anglo-Saxon England, an area stretching from the River Forth to the River Tamar.
United Kingdom 
 During the Viking invasion of Britain, they set up their own kingdom in north-western England, which the Anglo-Saxons named the "Danelaw", after the Danes who lived there and controlled the land.
United Kingdom 
 Vikings from Scandinavia also controlled most of the islands which are now part of Scotland, including the Outer Hebrides, the Inner Hebrides, and the Northern Isles (the Shetland Islands and the Orkney Islands).After a long period when Anglo-Saxon England was split into various kingdoms, it was made into one kingdom by Æthelstan (Athelstan) in 945AD.
United Kingdom 
 In the 13th century, the lands of Wales were unified by force with England by the wars of Edward I of England ("Edward Longshanks").
United Kingdom 
 In 1603, when Queen Elizabeth I of England died, her closest relative was King James VI of Scotland.
United Kingdom 
 James VI and I was the first to be named "King of Great Britain", and he ordered the design of the Union Jack.
United Kingdom 
 In 1707, the Parliaments of England and Scotland agreed on the Treaty of Union, which joined the two countries into one country called the United Kingdom of Great Britain under Queen Anne with the Acts of Union 1707.
United Kingdom 
 England and Scotland kept their own laws, with English law in England and Wales and Scots law in Scotland.
United Kingdom 
 Ireland and Great Britain continued to have the same king, but Ireland did not become part of the new kingdom in 1707.
United Kingdom 
 In 1800 laws were passed in the parliaments of Great Britain and Ireland to merge the two kingdoms and their two parliaments.
United Kingdom 
 The Union Jack was changed so that the flag of Saint Patrick (a red saltire) shows Ireland to be a part of the country.
United Kingdom 
 In 1922 much of Ireland became independent from the United Kingdom as the Irish Free State (now called Ireland).
United Kingdom 
 The new Parliament of Northern Ireland set up in the 1920s stopped working in the 1970s, because of The Troubles.
United Kingdom 
 However, devolution started again with the Northern Ireland Assembly after the Belfast Agreement (the "Good Friday Agreement") in 1998.
United Kingdom 
 Devolution in Scotland and Wales started the Scottish Parliament and the Welsh Parliament the same year.
United Kingdom 
 The United Kingdom was a member state of the European Union (EU) and an older organization, the European Economic Community (EEC), from 1973 until Brexit in 2020.
United Kingdom 
 The UK also rules, usually indirectly, a number of smaller places (mostly islands) around the world, which are known as British Overseas Territories.
United Kingdom 
 Examples are Gibraltar (on the Iberian Peninsula next to the Strait of Gibraltar) and the Falkland Islands (in the south Atlantic Ocean).
United Kingdom 
 In the British Isles, the UK is made up of four different countries: Wales, England and Scotland and Northern Ireland.
United Kingdom 
 Other large cities in the UK are Birmingham, Bristol, Manchester, Liverpool, Newcastle upon Tyne, Leeds, Sheffield, Glasgow, Southampton, Leicester, Coventry, Bradford and Nottingham.
United Kingdom 
 England consists of mostly lowland terrain, with upland or mountainous terrain only found north-west of the River Tees-River Exe line.
United Kingdom 
 The upland areas include the Lake District, the Pennines, the North York Moors, Exmoor, and Dartmoor.
United Kingdom 
 The lowland areas are typically traversed by ranges of low hills, frequently composed of chalk, and flat plains.
United Kingdom 
 Scotland is the most mountainous country in the UK and its physical geography is distinguished by the Highland Boundary Fault which goes across the Scottish mainland from Helensburgh to Stonehaven.
United Kingdom 
 Rain falls throughout the year, and more on the west than the east because of its northerly latitude and the warm water from the Atlantic Ocean's Gulf Stream.
United Kingdom 
 The usually moderate prevailing winds from the Atlantic may be interrupted by Arctic air from the northeast or hot air from the Sahara.
United Kingdom 
 The people of the United Kingdom vote for a members of Parliament to speak for them and to make laws for them.
United Kingdom 
 Queen Elizabeth II is the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and is the head of state.
United Kingdom 
 Today, the Prime Minister is Boris Johnson, who is the leader of the centre-right Conservative Party.
United Kingdom 
 Scotland has its own devolved Parliament with the power to make laws on things like education, health and Scottish law.
United Kingdom 
 Northern Ireland and Wales have their own devolved legislatures which have some powers but less than the Scottish parliament.
United Kingdom 
 The Parliament of the United Kingdom is sovereign and it could end the devolved administrations at any time.
United Kingdom 
 The Parliament of the United Kingdom is the legislature, the political assembly that makes laws and decides tax.
United Kingdom 
 The British people are represented by members of parliament (MPs) in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom.
United Kingdom 
 There are some who are hereditary peers (who inherit their peerages from ancestors or other family members).
United Kingdom 
 The Church of Scotland does not have bishops, and neither Wales nor Northern Ireland has an established national church.)
United Kingdom 
 Together, the two houses make a bicameral legislature, in which the House of Commons has more power.
United Kingdom 
 As the House of Lords lost its powers, as political reforms tried to improve democracy, the House of Commons became more powerful and the prime minister started always to be a member of the House of Commons.
United Kingdom 
 After the English Civil War during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, Oliver Cromwell became Lord Protector, and the monarchy ended for a time.
United Kingdom 
 The British Isles were a republic, which Cromwell named the "Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland".
United Kingdom 
 Although the monarchy was restored after his death, the Crown slowly became the secondary power, and Parliament the first.
United Kingdom 
 The biggest parties are the Conservative Party, Labour Party, the Scottish National Party and the Liberal Democrats.
United Kingdom 
 The British parliament is in Westminster, in London, but it has power over the whole of the United Kingdom.
United Kingdom 
 Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland each have their own parliaments as well, and these have more limited powers. (
United Kingdom 
 There are also parliaments in the Isle of Man and in Jersey and Guernsey (the Channel Islands), which are all island states for which the UK has some responsibility in international law.
United Kingdom 
 The United Kingdom has one of the most advanced militaries in the world, alongside such countries such as the USA and France, and operates a large navy (Royal Navy), a sizable army, (British Army) and an air force (Royal Air Force).
United Kingdom 
 From the 18th century to the early 20th century, the United Kingdom was one of the most powerful nations in the world, with a large and powerful navy (due to the fact it was surrounded by sea, so a large navy was the most practical option).
United Kingdom 
 This status has faded in recent times, but it remains a member of various military groups such as the UN Security Council and NATO.
United Kingdom 
 It was a superpower during the 18th, 19th and early 20th century and was considered since the early 1800s to be the most powerful and influential nation in the world, in politics, economics (For it was the wealthiest country at the time.)
United Kingdom 
 Britain continued to be the biggest manufacturing economy in the world until 1908 and the largest economy until the 1920s.
United Kingdom 
 The economic cost of two world wars and the decline of the British Empire in the 1950s and 1960s reduced its leading role in global affairs.
United Kingdom 
 The United Kingdom has strong economic, cultural, military and political influence and is a nuclear power.
United Kingdom 
 The United Kingdom holds a permanent seat on the United Nations Security Council, and is a member of the G8, NATO, World Trade Organization and the Commonwealth of Nations.
United Kingdom 
 They all have laws that a broad education is required from ages five to eighteen, except for in Scotland where school departure is allowed from the age of sixteen.
United Kingdom 
 Pupils attend state funded schools (academy schools, faith schools, grammar schools, city technology colleges, studio schools) and other children attend independent schools (known as public schools).
United Kingdom 
 They are: the University of Oxford, the University of Cambridge, the University of St Andrews, the University of Glasgow, the University of Aberdeen, and the University of Edinburgh.
United Kingdom 
 The University of Cambridge, the University of Oxford, and London universities (University College London, the London School of Economics, King's College London and Imperial College London) collectively form the Golden Triangle of universities in the south-east of England.
United Kingdom 
 The organisation is run by a group of twelve governors who have been given the job by the Queen, on the advice of government ministers.
United Kingdom 
 Road traffic in the United Kingdom drives on the left-hand side of the road (unlike the Americas and most of Europe), and the driver steers from the right-hand side of the vehicle.
United Kingdom 
 The road network on the island of Great Britain is extensive, with most local and rural roads having evolved from Roman and Medieval times.
United Kingdom 
 The high speed motorway (freeway) network was mostly constructed in the 1960s and 1970s and links together major towns and cities.
United Kingdom 
 The system of rail transport was invented in England and Wales, so the United Kingdom has the oldest railway network in the world.
United Kingdom 
 At the heart of the network are five long-distance main lines which radiate from London to the major cities and secondary population centres with dense commuter networks within the regions.
United Kingdom 
 The British Rail network is partly privatized, with privately-owned train operating companies providing service along particular lines or regions, whilst the tracks, signals, and stations are owned by a Government controlled company called Network Rail.
United Kingdom 
 The system of underground railways in London, known as the Tube, has been copied by many other cities.
United Kingdom 
 Most domestic air travel in the United Kingdom is between London and the major cities in Scotland and the North of England and Belfast.
United Kingdom 
 London-Heathrow is the nation’s largest airport and is one of the most important international hubs in the world.
United Kingdom 
 Other major airports with principal international service include London-Gatwick, Birmingham, Manchester and Glasgow.
United Kingdom 
 Major languages spoken in the United Kingdom other than English include Polish (500,000 approximate number of speakers in the United Kingdom), Eastern Panjabi or Punjabi (471,000), Bengali (400,000), Urdu (400,000), Cantonese (300,000), Greek (200,000), Southwestern Caribbean Creole English (170,000).
Universe 
 It is made of many millions of billions of stars and planets and enormous clouds of gas separated by a big space.
Universe 
 They are also unsure whether the size of the Universe is infinite, meaning it’s size never ends as it has been expanding since the Big Bang.
Universe 
 They thought it had a set of celestial spheres which corresponded to the fixed stars, the Sun and various planets.
Universe 
 Over hundreds of years, better observations led to Copernicus's Sun-centred model, known as heliocentrism.
Universe 
 This was very controversial at the time, and was fought by religious authorities, most famously by the Christian church (see Giordano Bruno and Galileo).
Universe 
 Meanwhile, Isaac Newton improved the ideas of gravity and dynamics (equations) and showed how the Solar System worked.
Universe 
 In the 1900s, even better telescopes led astronomers to realize that the Solar System is in a galaxy made of billions of stars, which we call the Milky Way.
Universe 
 This started a new kind of astronomy called cosmology, in which astronomers study what these galaxies are made of and how they are spread out through so they can learn more about the history of the Universe and how it works.
Universe 
 By measuring the redshift of galaxies, cosmologists soon discovered that the Universe is expanding (see: Hubble).
Universe 
 The most used scientific model of the Universe is known as the Big Bang theory, which says the Universe expanded from a single point that held all the matter and energy of the Universe.
Universe 
 Astronomers think that the Big Bang happened about 13.73 billion years ago, making the Universe 13.73 billion years old.
Universe 
 Since then, the universe has expanded to be at least 93 billion light years, or 8.80  metres, in diameter.
Universe 
 By studying the expansion of the Universe, astronomers have also realized most of the matter in the Universe may be in a form which cannot be observed by any scientific equipment we have.
Universe 
 Just to be clear, dark matter and energy have not been observed directly (that is why they are called 'dark').
Universe 
 However, many astronomers think they must exist, because many astronomical observations would be hard to explain if they didn't.
Universe 
 This means the light will never be able to reach us here on Earth, so we will never be able to see these parts of the universe.
Universe 
 The word Universe comes from the Old French word Univers, which comes from the Latin word universum.
Universe 
 The Latin word was used by Cicero and later Latin authors in many of the same senses as the modern English word is used.
Universe 
 A different interpretation (way to interpret) of unvorsum is "everything rotated as one" or "everything rotated by one".
Universe 
 In that model, all matter was in rotating spheres centered on the Earth; according to Aristotle, the rotation of the outermost sphere was responsible for the motion and change of everything within.
Universe 
 It was natural for the Greeks to assume that the Earth was stationary and that the heavens rotated about the Earth, because careful astronomical and physical measurements (such as the Foucault pendulum) are required to prove otherwise.
Universe 
 The most common term for "Universe" among the ancient Greek philosophers from Pythagoras onwards was το παν (The All), defined as all matter (το ολον) and all space (το κενον).
Universe 
 The broadest word meaning of the Universe is found in De divisione naturae by the medieval philosopher Johannes Scotus Eriugena, who defined it as simply everything: everything that exists and everything that does not exist.
Universe 
 Time is not considered in Eriugena's definition; thus, his definition includes everything that exists, has existed and will exist, as well as everything that does not exist, has never existed and will never exist.
Universe 
 This all-embracing definition was not adopted by most later philosophers, but something similar is in quantum physics.
Universe 
 This definition says that the Universe is made of two elements: space and time, together known as space-time or the vacuum; and matter and different forms of energy and momentum occupying space-time.
Universe 
 The two kinds of elements behave according to physical laws, in which we describe how the elements interact.
Universe 
 A similar definition of the term universe is everything that exists at a single moment of time, such as the present or the beginning of time, as in the sentence "The Universe was of size 0".
Universe 
 In Aristotle's book The Physics, Aristotle divided το παν (everything) into three roughly analogous elements: matter (the stuff of which the Universe is made), form (the arrangement of that matter in space) and change (how matter is created, destroyed or altered in its properties, and similarly, how form is altered).
Universe 
 Later philosophers such as Lucretius, Averroes, Avicenna and Baruch Spinoza altered or refined these divisions.
Universe 
 For example, Averroes and Spinoza have active principles governing the Universe which act on passive elements.
Universe 
 It is possible to form space-times, each existing but not able to touch, move, or change (interact with each other.
Universe 
 An easy way to think of this is a group of separate soap bubbles, in which people living on one soap bubble cannot interact with those on other soap bubbles.
Universe 
 According to one common terminology, each "soap bubble" of space-time is denoted as a universe, whereas our particular space-time is denoted as the Universe, just as we call our moon the Moon.
Universe 
 In principle, the other unconnected universes may have different dimensionalities and topologies of space-time, different forms of matter and energy, and different physical laws and physical constants, although such possibilities are speculations.
Universe 
 According to a still-more-restrictive definition, the Universe is everything within our connected space-time that could have a chance to interact with us and vice versa.
Universe 
 According to the general idea of relativity, some regions of space may never interact with ours even in the lifetime of the Universe, due to the finite speed of light and the ongoing expansion of space.
Universe 
 For example, radio messages sent from Earth may never reach some regions of space, even if the Universe would exist forever; space may expand faster than light can traverse it.
Universe 
 It is worth emphasizing that those distant regions of space are taken to exist and be part of reality as much as we are; yet we can never interact with them, even in principle.
Universe 
 The spatial region within which we can affect and be affected is denoted as the observable universe.
Universe 
 By travelling, an observer can come into contact with a greater region of space-time than an observer who remains still, so that the observable Universe for the former is larger than for the latter.
Universe 
 Typically, the 'observable Universe' means the Universe seen from our vantage point in the Milky Way Galaxy.
Universe 
 For comparison, the diameter of a typical galaxy is only 30,000 light-years, and the typical distance between two neighboring galaxies is only 3 million light-years.