the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_embeddings huggingface dataset:
Electric charge 
 However, if they are rubbed together and then separated, they will become able to attract each other.
Electric charge 
 If a second piece of glass is rubbed with a second piece of resin, the following things will be seen:
Electric charge 
 Bodies that are able to attract or repel things in this way are said to be 'electrified', or to be 'charged with electricity'.
Electric charge 
 When two different substances are rubbed together, an electrical charge is produced because one of them will give electrons to the other.
Electric charge 
 So the one that is more able to attract electrons will take electrons from the one that has a lower attractive force.
Electric charge 
 Things that have taken electrons are called "negatively charged", and things that have given up electrons are called "positively charged".
Argyroxiphium 
 Its members are known by the common names of silversword or greensword due to their long, narrow leaves and the silvery hairs on some species.
Argyroxiphium 
 The silversword is a noticeable, round-shaped rosette plant with rigid (swordlike), succulent leaves densely covered by silver hairs.
Argyroxiphium 
 When a plant flowers at the end of its life, it produces a spectacular flowering stalk 0.5-2.0 m (1.6-6.4 ft) tall, typically with hundreds of maroon sunflowerlike flower heads.
Argyroxiphium 
 This plant receives more attention from visitors to Haleakala National Park than any other plant or animal because of its striking appearance and restricted distribution.
Argyroxiphium 
 The strikingly beautiful Haleakala silversword has always aroused the curiosity of human visitors to Haleakala Volcano.
Argyroxiphium 
 In pre-park days, plants were often removed by travelers to Haleakala Volcano as proof that the party had reached the summit, a practice that eventually seriously affected the silversword population.
Argyroxiphium 
 Browsing by feral goats and domestic cattle was also a significant factor in the silversword decline, but it was not a species preferred by these animals.
Argyroxiphium 
 By the 1920s, silversword numbers were so depleted that the Maui Chamber of Commerce sent a petition to Washington, DC, requesting that a serious effort be made to save the species (Loope and Crivellone 1986).
Hip hop 
 It began in Jamaican American, African American, and Puerto Rican/Hispanic and Latino American urban areas in some of the larger cities of the United States.
Hip hop 
 Hip hop uses drum beats produced by a drum machine, and rapping, where the rapper or group chants or says words with a rhythm that rhymes.
Hip hop 
 Hip hop as a culture involves the music as well as a style of dressing called "urban" clothes (baggy pants, Timberland leather work boots, and oversize shirts); a dancing style called breakdancing or "B-boying"; and graffiti, a street art in which people paint pictures or words on walls.
Hip hop 
 Many of the popular hip hop musicians from the 2000s use nicknames, such as Snoop Dogg, Jay-Z, Eminem, Lil' Wayne, and 50 Cent.
Hip hop 
 The beat in the background is a simple loop that is sometimes made by the rapper themself or sometimes copied from a sample CD.
Hip hop 
 It developed in the ethnic minority urban (city) areas, as an American form of Jamaican "toasting" (chanting and rhyming with a microphone).
Hip hop 
 Some well known early rappers include: Tupac Shakur, Snoop Dogg, The Notorious B.I.G., Eminem, and Sean "P-Diddy" Combs.
Hip hop 
 During the 1990s there was a rivalry between the two big record labels "Death Row Records" and "Bad Boy Records".
Hip hop 
 Because most of the rappers who rapped for "Death Row Records" were from the West Coast of the US and most of the rappers who rapped for "Bad Boy Records" were from the East Coast, this rivalry was called "the West Coast – East Coast beef".
Hip hop 
 In 2013, the song Rap God by Eminem took the record for most words in a song; 1,560 in a little over 6 minutes, which is about 4 words per second.
Color blindness 
 During certain kinds of migraine, some people are unable to tell the difference between certain colors.
Color blindness 
 However, people who are color blind have one advantage: they are sometimes better at seeing through some types of camouflage.
Color blindness 
 This image is then carefully looked at to separate different objects, to see shapes and sometimes colors, and to link these to other kinds of information.
Color blindness 
 Parts of the thalamus and the visual cortex in the brain are involved in seeing, also seeing colors.
Color blindness 
 Color blindness can therefore also result if these areas of the brain, the optic nerve or the retina have been damaged.
Color blindness 
 That way it is possible that only a part of the visual field is affected by color blindness, but in the rest, there is no color blindness.
Color blindness 
 Most of these people do not know they are color blind, as they have little difficulty telling colors apart in most cases.
Color blindness 
 There may be nothing wrong with the eye, but the nerves that transport the information or the area in the brain that interprets it may be damaged.
Color blindness 
 People who suffer from it can only see in black, gray and white: They can perceive only differences in brightness and do not see color.
Color blindness 
 This makes it difficult to see even lights of a normal level; this means that people who suffer from it are almost blind.
Color blindness 
 It occurs almost only on the island of Pingelap, a part of the Pohnpei state in the Federated States of Micronesia.
Color blindness 
 People who suffer from this will be able to see patterns well, in normal daylight, but they will not see hues.
Color blindness 
 Deuteranopia is the most common form of color blindness; between five and ten percent of males suffer from it.
Color blindness 
 Most often, this is because they lack the receptors for long (protanopia) or medium (deuteranopia)-length light waves or because these receptors have changed their sensitivity.
Color blindness 
 Although the name is blue-yellow color blindness (tritanopia), people affected by this type of color blindness can usually tell the difference between blue and yellow.
Color blindness 
 Sometimes, people do not have problems seeing color, but their brain has trouble "telling" the color, and interprets it wrong.
Color blindness 
 It is also possible that only certain parts of the eye have color blindness; people may become color blind because of other diseases, but after the disease goes away, see normally again.
Color blindness 
 Many of the genes involved in making color vision work are on the X chromosome: they are sex linked.
Color blindness 
 This means that a male will be color blind if the single X he inherits from his mother contains the color blind version of the "color blind" gene.
Color blindness 
 A female will inherit color blindness only if she inherits two X chromosomes containing defective (mutant) color gene alleles.
Color blindness 
 In other words, a female needs to inherit "color blind" genes from both parents in order to be color blind.
Color blindness 
 Those with certain types of color blindness will see different numbers from those not affected by color blindness.
Color blindness 
 Certain color scheme generators help graphic designers see color schemes as eight types of color blind people see them.
Color blindness 
 A red-green color blind person may be unable to see the difference between colors on a map printed on paper.
Color blindness 
 In addition, some color blind people find it easier to tell the difference between colors on artificial materials, such as plastic or in acrylic paints, than on natural materials, such as paper or wood.
Color blindness 
 Thirdly, for some color blind people, color can only be distinguished if there is enough color: thin lines might appear black, but a thicker line of the same color can be seen in the correct color.
Color blindness 
 In certain cases when it is important to understand information very quickly, the visual system may drop the colors, and only work in shades of gray.
Color blindness 
 This is important to know when designing the interfaces for objects that need to be used in an emergency situation, like emergency brakes, or emergency telephones.
Color blindness 
 Because color blind people may not see the difference between colors such as red and green, some countries, such as Romania have refused to give them driving licenses.
Color blindness 
 In Romania, people have started to change the laws so that color blind people will also be able to drive legally.
Color blindness 
 They were changed to brown, blue and green/yellow to help color blind people see the difference between the "live" and "earth" wires.
Color blindness 
 The image below first shows the way that two apples look to a person with normal vision, and then the way it looks to a person with red-green color blindness.
Sopron 
 Sopron (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈʃopron]; , ; Central Bavarian: Ednburg, ) is a city of Hungary, near the western border of Hungary with Austria, at the foot of the Alps, 60 km from Vienna (in Austria) and 220 km from Budapest.
Sopron 
 In 1273 King Otakar II of Bohemia took over the castle and took the children of Sopron's noble families as hostage.
Sopron 
 In 1528 Hungary was invaded by Ottoman Turks who destroyed many parts of the city but did not take it over.
Sopron 
 But the townspeople were not happy with this and in December 1921 they voted that the city should be part of Hungary.
Sopron 
 Since that day the city has been called "Civitas Fidelissima", ("The Most Loyal Town" which in Hungarian is "A Leghűségesebb Város").
Sopron 
 The Nazis and their Hungarian allies sent the Jews of Sopron to death camps and killed nearly all of them, as well as other people who disagreed with Nazi ideas.
Sopron 
 In August 1989, in Sopron there was a big protest against the Socialist government, which was called the Pan-European Picnic.
Sopron 
 While this was happening more than 200 people who lived in East Germany (which was Socialist) escaped to the West.
Sopron 
 People who had not been allowed to travel or live in other countries were finally allowed to be free.
Sopron 
 There are many German-speaking people who live in Sopron so most street signs are written in both Hungarian and German.
Sopron 
 There are still walls and foundations from the Ancient Roman times and also building from the Middle Ages.
Sopron 
 The medieval Kecske Church ("Goat Church") was where coronations (crowning kings) and parliament took place.
Sopron 
 Many old buildings whose architecture are from the 1600s and 1700s and are in the Baroque style which often has a lot of decoration.
Sopron 
 Stornó House is one of the most well-known buildings, because of its elegant Baroque architecture, its connection with King Matthias and its interesting collection.
Sopron 
 the "Várkerület" is part of the city built where the ancient moat was; The inner row of houses follow the line of the castle wall.
Sopron 
 The Town Hall built in 1896 and the Ursuline Church is an important building in the Gothic Revival style.
Sopron 
 Sopron is popular as a holiday place because it is set in beautiful countryside where people like to walk in the hills, enjoying the pure air, the forests and mountain springs.
Sopron 
 The Löverek, is a beautiful hilly area south of the city, with forests of spruce, oaks and chestnut trees.
Sopron 
 Sopron is a wine producing region, that is one of the few in Hungary to make both red and white wines.
Sopron 
 In climate it is similar to the Burgenland wine region nearby in Austria, and several winemakers make wine in both countries.
Sumo 
 In sumo, a wrestler (rikishi) attempts to force another wrestler out of a circular ring (dohyō) 4.55 metres in diameter.
Sumo 
 Also, the rikishi try to use their skill to force an opponent to touch the ground with anything other than the soles of his feet.
Sumo 
 There are a total of 6 major professional tournaments (known as honbasho) per year, in January, March, May, July, September and November.
Sumo 
 Sumo wrestlers (rikishi) are ranked into a hierarchy based on win-loss statistics in competitive tournaments.
List of German districts 
 These consist of 295 rural districts (Landkreise), listed fully here, and 107 urban districts (Kreisfreie Städte / Stadtkreise) - cities which constitute a district in their own right.
Bremen (state) 
 This is because Bremen used to be in the Hanseatic League which was a group of cities which did a lot of trading.
Erfurt 
 Martin Luther, the father of the Reformation, lived at St. Augustine's Monastery from 1505 until 1511.
Erfurt 
 A famous philosopher and theologian called Meister Eckhart lived at the Dominican Monastery from about 1275 until 1311.
Erfurt 
 Modern day Erfurt is a transport hub for high speed trains and other German and European transport networks.
Erfurt 
 It is also thought that Johannes Gutenberg, who developed the printing press, enrolled there in 1418.
Erfurt 
 Erfurt Cathedral and the Severikirche (St. Severus Church), which overlook Domplatz, the Cathedral square.
Magdeburg 
 A demonstration of air pressure (called the Magdeburg spheres) was done here by Otto von Guericke in 1656.
Romance languages 
 The Romance languages (also sometimes called Romanic languages) are a language family in the Indo-European languages.
Romance languages 
 They started from Vulgar Latin (in Latin, "vulgar" is the word for "common" and so "Vulgar Latin" means "Common Latin").
Romance languages 
 They are called "Romance languages" because they originate from Latin, the language spoken by the Western Roman Empire.
Romance languages 
 Their grammatical inflection system has been simplified and lost most of the complex case structure of classical Latin.
Romance languages 
 The area that the Romance languages are spoken in Europe is mostly extent of the Western Roman Empire.
Romance languages 
 The Romance language family is one of the biggest in the world, and in total, there are almost a billion first and second language speakers.
Romance languages 
 Spanish is the most widely used Romance language, with Portuguese as the second and then French coming in at third.
Stellar evolution 
 Because stars can produce light and heat for millions or billions of years, scientists study stellar evolution by studying many different stars in different stages of their life.
Stellar evolution 
 The stages in a star's life are: nebula, main-sequence star, red giant and either white dwarf followed by black dwarf, neutron star or black hole.
Stellar evolution 
 When it gets hot enough, it starts to release energy through nuclear fusion, changing hydrogen to helium.
Stellar evolution 
 This causes the nuclear reaction in the middle of the star to stop and the center will start to get smaller due to the star's gravity.
Stellar evolution 
 The layer of the star just outside the center will begin to change hydrogen to helium, releasing energy.
Stellar evolution 
 The star will make much more light, sometimes as much as ten thousand times as much as it did at first.
Stellar evolution 
 Since the surface of the star will get bigger, this energy will be spread out over a much larger area.
Stellar evolution 
 Because of this, the temperature of the surface will go down and the color will change to red or orange.
Stellar evolution 
 A neutron star is created because the force of gravity is so strong that the atoms left behind would not have any electrons orbiting the nucleus of the atoms.
Stellar evolution 
 A black hole is created because gravity is so strong that even the protons and neutrons collapse in on themselves.
Stellar evolution 
 Since there is nothing we know of stronger than the force that holds atomic nuclei (the plural of 'nucleus') together, some physicists think that a black hole collapses all the way down to a mathematical point called a singularity.
Genetics 
 In the laboratory, genetics proceeds by mating carefully selected organisms, and analysing their offspring.
Genetics 
 More informally, genetics is the study of how parents pass some of their characteristics to their children.
Genetics 
 The fact that living things inherit traits from their parents has been known since prehistoric times, and used to improve crop plants and animals through selective breeding.
Genetics 
 Although he did not know the physical basis for heredity, Mendel observed that organisms inherit traits via discrete units of inheritance, now called genes.
Genetics 
 Inside each cell are long and complex molecules called deoxyribonucleic acid, known for short as DNA.
Genetics 
 People look different from each other mainly because they have different versions of the human set of genes.
Genetics 
 Examples are various important RNA molecules, and "scaffolding" bits and pieces like centromeres and telomeres.
Genetics 
 There can be several types of a single gene, which give different instructions: one version might cause a person to have blue eyes, another might cause them to have brown.
Genetics 
 Since a living thing has two copies of each gene, it can have two different alleles of it at the same time.
Genetics 
 Often, one allele will be dominant, meaning that the living thing looks and acts as if it had only that one allele.
Genetics 
 Most of the characteristics that you can see in a living thing have more than one gene which influences them.
Genetics 
 And many genes have multiple effects on the body, because their function will not have the same effect in each tissue.
Genetics 
 The whole set of genes is called the genotype, and the total effect of genes on the body is called the phenotype.
Genetics 
 We know that man started breeding domestic animals from early times, probably before the invention of agriculture.
Genetics 
 The Greeks, and most obviously Aristotle, studied living things, and proposed ideas about reproduction and heredity.
Genetics 
 Imre Festetics, who published work in German in the first part of the 19th century, was totally forgotten until recently.
Genetics 
 He described several rules of genetic inheritance in his work  Die genetische Gesätze der Natur, 1819 (The genetic law of nature).
Genetics 
 Probably the most publicized idea before Mendel was that of Charles Darwin, whose idea of pangenesis had two parts.
Genetics 
 The first, that persistent hereditary units were passed on from one generation to another, was quite right.
Genetics 
 Darwin was right about one thing: whatever happens in evolution must happen by means of heredity, and so an accurate science of genetics is fundamental to the theory of evolution.
Genetics 
 The basic rules of genetics were discovered by Imre Festetics, a landowner (17641847), and a monk named Gregor Mendel around 1865.
Genetics 
 He started his crosses with plants that bred true, and counted characters that were either/or in nature (either tall or short).
Genetics 
 Factors, later called genes, normally occur in pairs in ordinary body cells, yet separate during the formation of sex cells.
Genetics 
 We now know this is only true if the genes are not on the same chromosome, in which case they are not linked to each other.
Genetics 
 Mendel's care towards controlling experiment conditions along with his attention to his numerical results set a standard for future experiments.
Genetics 
 However, the science of genetics would not be possible today without the early work of Gregor Mendel.
Genetics 
 The facts discovered about the nucleus and cell division were essential for Mendel's work to be properly understood.
Genetics 
 1841, 1852: Robert Remak  (1815–1865), a Jewish Polish–German physiologist, was the first person to state the foundation of cell biology: that cells only derive from other cells.
Genetics 
 This was later popularized by the German doctor Rudolf Virchow (1821–1902), who used the famous phrase omnis cellula e cellula, meaning, all cells from other cells.
Genetics 
 1876: Meiosis was discovered and described for the first time in sea urchin eggs, by German biologist Oscar Hertwig (1849–1922).
Genetics 
 1883: Meiosis was described at the level of chromosomes, by Belgian zoologist Edouard van Beneden (1846–1910), in Ascaris (roundworm) eggs.
Genetics 
 1883: German zoologist Wilhelm Roux (1850–1924) realised the significance of the linear structure of chromosomes.
Genetics 
 Their splitting into two equal longitudinal halves meant each daughter cell got the same chromosome complement.
Genetics 
 1889: Dutch botanist Hugo de Vries suggests that "inheritance of specific traits in organisms comes in particles", naming such particles (pan)genes.
Genetics 
 1890: The significance of meiosis for reproduction and inheritance was described in 1890 by German biologist August Weismann (1834–1914).
Genetics 
 He noted that two cell divisions were necessary to turn one diploid cell into four haploid cells if the number of chromosomes was to be maintained.
Genetics 
 1902–1904: Theodor Boveri (1862–1915), a German biologist, in a series of papers, drew attention to the correspondence between the behaviour of chromosomes and the results obtained by Mendel.
Genetics 
 He said that chromosomes were "independent entities which keep their independence even in the resting nucleus... What comes out of the nucleus is what goes into it".
Genetics 
 1903: Walter Sutton suggested that chromosomes, which segregate in a Mendelian fashion, are hereditary units.
Genetics 
 Edmund B. Wilson (1856–1939), Sutton's teacher, was the author of one of the most famous text-books in biology, called this the Sutton–Boveri hypothesis.
Genetics 
 At this point, discoveries in cytology merged with the rediscovered ideas of Mendel to make a fusion called cytogenetics, (cyto = cell; genetics = heredity) which has continued to the present day.
Genetics 
 Both acknowledged Mendel's priority, although it is probable that de Vries did not understand his own results until after reading Mendel.
Genetics 
 Though Erich von Tschermak was originally also credited with rediscovery, this is no longer accepted because he did not understand Mendel's laws.
Genetics 
 Fisher analysed the results of the F2 (second filial) ratio and found them to be implausibly close to the exact ratio of 3 to 1.
Genetics 
 It is sometimes suggested that Mendel may have censored his results, and that his seven traits each occur on a separate chromosome pair, an extremely unlikely occurrence if they were chosen at random.
Genetics 
 In fact, the genes Mendel studied occurred in only four linkage groups, and only one gene pair (out of 21 possible) is close enough to show deviation from independent assortment; this is not a pair that Mendel studied.
Genetics 
 In turn, that usually has an effect on the organism's fitness, its ability to live and reproduce successfully.
Genetics 
 Error rates are usually very low—1 error in every 10–100 million bases—due to the "proofreading" ability of DNA polymerases.
Genetics 
 Because they rely on DNA and RNA polymerases which lack proofreading ability, they get higher mutation rates.
Genetics 
 Mutagenic chemicals increase errors in DNA replication, often by interfering with the structure of base-pairing, while UV radiation induces mutations by causing damage to the DNA structure.
Genetics 
 Chemical damage to DNA occurs naturally as well, and cells use DNA repair mechanisms to repair mismatches and breaks in DNA—nevertheless, the repair sometimes fails to return the DNA to its original sequence.
Genetics 
 In organisms which use chromosomal crossovers to exchange DNA and recombine genes, errors in alignment during meiosis can also cause mutations.
Genetics 
 Errors in crossover are especially likely when similar sequences cause partner chromosomes to adopt a mistaken alignment; this makes some regions in genomes more prone to mutating in this way.
Genetics 
 These errors create large structural changes in DNA sequence—duplications, inversions or deletions of entire regions, or the accidental exchanging of whole parts between different chromosomes (called translocation).
Genetics 
 Developed by Reginald Punnett, Punnett squares are used by biologists to determine the probability of offspring having a particular genotype.