the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_embeddings huggingface dataset:
Black hole 
 The place where there is a black hole can be found by tracking the movement of stars that orbit somewhere in space.
Black hole 
 Or people can find it when gas falls into a black hole, because the gas heats up and is very bright.
Black hole 
 In 2008 astronomers found evidence that a supermassive black hole of more than four million solar masses is near the Sagittarius A* part of the Milky Way galaxy.
Black hole 
 In 1783, an English clergyman named John Michell wrote that it might be possible for something to be so heavy you would have to go at the speed of light to get away from its gravity.
Black hole 
 For a small thing, like a rocket, to escape from a larger thing, like Earth, it has to escape the pull of the Earth's gravity or it will fall back.
Black hole 
 John Michell thought it was possible for something to be so big that the escape velocity would need to be faster than the speed of light, so even light could not escape.
Black hole 
 In 1796, Pierre-Simon Laplace wrote about the same idea in the first and second editions of his book Exposition du système du Monde (it was removed from later editions).
Black hole 
 Some scientists thought Michell might be right, but others thought that light had no mass and would not be pulled by gravity.
Black hole 
 A few months later, while serving in World War I, the German physicist Karl Schwarzschild used Einstein's equations to show that a black hole could exist.
Black hole 
 If the radius of a star is smaller, then light is unable to escape, and it would be a dark star, or black hole.
Black hole 
 In 1930, Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar predicted that stars heavier than the sun could collapse when they ran out of hydrogen or other nuclear fuels to burn.
Black hole 
 In 1939, Robert Oppenheimer and H. Snyder calculated that a star would have to be at least three times as massive as the Sun to form a black hole.
Black hole 
 Although the black holes are invisible (they cannot be seen), some of the matter that is falling into them is very bright.
Black hole 
 As of spring 2019, there was an image of a black hole, or rather, the things orbiting the black hole.
Black hole 
 One of the team members (Katie Bouman) made a compilation of all the images into one singular image.
Black hole 
 In 2020, Roger Penrose, Reinhard Genzel and Andrea Ghez were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for their work on the theory of black holes.
Black hole 
 These black holes may be the seeds of the supermassive black holes found in the centers of most galaxies.
Black hole 
 A distant observer sees the material falling in slowly and then stop just above the event horizon because of gravitational time dilation.
Black hole 
 Instead, the collapsing material seems to become dimmer and increasingly red-shifted, eventually fading away.
Black hole 
 Quasars are believed to be powered by gravity collecting material into supermassive black holes in the centers of distant galaxies.
Black hole 
 Light cannot escape the SBHs at the center of quasars, so the escaping energy is made outside the event horizon by gravitational stresses and immense friction on the incoming material.
Black hole 
 Several dozen nearby large galaxies, with no sign of a quasar nucleus, have a similar central black hole in their nuclei.
Black hole 
 Therefore, it is thought that all large galaxies have one, but only a small fraction are active (with enough accretion to power radiation) and so are seen as quasars.
Black hole 
 Around the tiny singularity, there is a large area where light which would normally pass by gets sucked in as well.
Black hole 
 The event horizon is the place farthest away from the middle where the gravity is still strong enough to trap light.
Black hole 
 If a black hole is surrounded by matter, the matter will form an "accretion disk" (accretion means "gathering") around the black hole.
Black hole 
 With a black hole nearby, even objects as big as a star move in a different way, usually faster than they would if the black hole was not there.
Black hole 
 When a black hole passes between us and a source of light, the light bends around the black hole creating a mirror image.
Black hole 
 A determination of the deflection of light by the Sun's gravitational field, from observations made at the total eclipse of 29 May 1919.
Black hole 
 Hawking radiation is black body radiation which is emitted by black hole, due to quantum effects near the event horizon.
Black hole 
 It is named after the physicist Stephen Hawking, who provided a theoretical argument for its existence in 1974.
Black hole 
 Hawking radiation reduces the mass and the energy of the black hole and is therefore also known as black hole evaporation''.
Black hole 
 Due to quantum fluctuations, this is when one of the particles falls in and the other gets away with the energy/mass.
Black hole 
 Because of this, black holes that lose more mass than they gain through other means are expected to shrink and ultimately vanish.
Black hole 
 Micro black holes (MBHs) are predicted to be larger net emitters of radiation than larger black holes and should shrink and dissipate faster.
Black hole 
 The no hair theorem states that a stable black hole has only three independent physical properties: mass, charge, and angular momentum.
Black hole 
 If this is true, then any two black holes that have the same values for these three properties will look the same.
Black hole 
 Similarly, the total mass inside a sphere containing a black hole can be found by using the gravitational analog of Gauss's law, far away from the black hole.
Sheffield 
 The city centre is where the River Sheaf meets the River Don, and Sheffield gets its name from the River Sheaf.
Sheffield 
 It is estimated that Sheffield has over two million trees, which is more than any city in Europe per each person.
Sheffield 
 The area of Sheffield used to be the Anglo-Saxon shire of Hallamshire, the city itself was founded later.
Sheffield 
 People in Sheffield have made cutlery for a very long time (a Sheffield-made knife is referred to in Chaucer's "Canterbury Tales", a book from the Middle Ages).
Sheffield 
 Sheffield currently has two big professional football teams, Sheffield Wednesday and Sheffield United.
Fertilizer 
 When fertilizers are offered for sale, the percentage of N, P, and K must be written on the bags or boxes, but for historcal reasons, P is shown as %P2O5 and K is shown as %K2O.
Fertilizer 
 In the UK, the elemental composition (in percentages) may also be shown alongside the mandatory  traditional system, provided the numbers are put inside square brackets.
Military 
 The military is the group or groups of people that are given power to defend something (mostly a country).
Military 
 The military protects its country by defending it from the armed forces of enemies, if there is a war.
Military 
 In some places, especially where there may be combat, a uniform often comes in a camouflage pattern which is designed to make the person hard to see in the forest or desert.
Military 
 In other countries, there are laws that some people have to be in the military, even if they do not want to be.
Military 
 The military of a country is usually divided into different branches organizations that do different kinds of work.
Military 
 There are also mercenaries, soldiers who fight just for pay and have little loyalty to whomever might hire them, and private military contractors (PMC), which are under the command of a company (civilian company).
Military 
 A warlord may have a private army, which are often no more trustworthy than common gangsters or criminals.
Military 
 In most countries of the world, young men and (in a few countries) women between 17 and 18 and of good health may be forced by the government of their country to join the military and have military training.
Military 
 The countries that do not have conscription include Australia, Bangladesh, Canada, France, Hungary, India, Italy, Japan, Malta, New Zealand, Saudi Arabia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, and the United Kingdom.
Military 
 In some countries, such as Argentina and United States, conscription is legal but is not used, at the present time.
Military 
 They have to pass physical fitness tests to show that they are well enough to do the jobs that they will have to do.
Military 
 They learn to understand the "orders" or "commands" that are given by the officers to the "troops". (
Military 
 By the time soldiers finish "boot camp", they should know enough to be a helpful person in their group.
Military 
 The camp usually finishes with a parade in which the newly trained recruits show off their marching and other skills they have learned in front of important visitors.
Military 
 Once the recruits are fully trained, they are ready to defend (protect) their country from attack, or to go to [war], if necessary.
Photosynthesis 
 It is an endothermic (takes in heat) chemical process that uses sunlight to turn carbon dioxide into sugars.
Photosynthesis 
 Some exceptions are organisms that directly get their energy from chemical reactions; these organisms are called chemoautotrophs.
Photosynthesis 
 The water is absorbed from the soil by root hair cells, which have an increased surface area for an increased uptake of water.
Photosynthesis 
 Oxygen is produced as a result of photosynthesis and released into the atmosphere through respiration.
Photosynthesis 
 All the oxygen in the atmosphere has its origin in plants (including those microorganisms which do photosynthesis)
Photosynthesis 
 It is stored in the form of starch (which is converted back to glucose for respiration in the dark).
Photosynthesis 
 Glucose can also be converted into other compounds for growth and reproduction e.g. cellulose, nectar, fructose, amino acids and fats.
Photosynthesis 
 Light-dependent reactions which need light to do work; and light-independent reactions which do not need light to do work.
Photosynthesis 
 Hydrogen, along with electrons energized by light, converts NADP into NADPH which is then used in the light-independent reactions.
Photosynthesis 
 Oxygen gas diffuses out of the plant as a waste product of photosynthesis, and ATP is synthesized from ADP and inorganic phosphate.
Photosynthesis 
 During this reaction, sugars are built up using carbon dioxide and the products of the light-dependent reactions (ATP and NADPH) and various other chemicals found in the plant in the Calvin Cycle.
Photosynthesis 
 Carbon dioxide diffuses into the plant and along with chemicals in the chloroplast, ATP, and NADPH, glucose is made and finally, transported around the plant by translocation.
Photosynthesis 
 If there is little light shining on a plant, the light-dependent reactions will not work efficiently.
Photosynthesis 
 This means that photolysis (breakdown of water by light) will not happen quickly, and therefore little NADPH and ATP will be made.
Photosynthesis 
 This shortage of NADPH and ATP will lead to the light-independent reactions not working as NADPH and ATP are needed for the light-independent reactions to work.
Photosynthesis 
 It combines with NADPH and ATP and various other chemicals (such as Ribulose Bisphosphate) to form glucose.
Photosynthesis 
 Therefore, if there is not enough carbon dioxide, then there will be a buildup of NADPH and ATP and not enough glucose will be formed.
Photosynthesis 
 All light-dependent and light-independent reactions will occur normally at average or optimum temperatures.
Photosynthesis 
 If the temperatures are too high, the enzymes become denatured and the catalysis of photosynthesis reaction stops.
Photosynthesis 
 They may have used reducing agents such as hydrogen or hydrogen sulfide as sources of electrons, rather than water.
Photosynthesis 
 Cyanobacteria appeared later, and the excess oxygen they produced contributed to the oxygen catastrophe.
Photosynthesis 
 Today, the average rate of energy capture by photosynthesis globally is approximately 130 terawatts, which is about six times larger than the current power used by human civilization.
Photosynthesis 
 Photosynthetic organisms also convert around 100–115 thousand million metric tonnes of carbon into biomass per year.
Casserole 
 A casserole is a baked dish for many different types of food, mixed together in a fluid based on liquid.
Casserole 
 Casserole is from a French word meaning "sauce-pan"; a large, deep dish used either to cook something in an oven or to serve the food cooked in it.
Casserole 
 The French word  "casserole"  had been derived from the old Provencal word, "cassa" and the Medieval Latin word, "cattia", both of these words meaning "ladle".
Casserole 
 They may be served as a main course or a side dish, and may be served in the vessel in which they were cooked.
Casserole 
 Types of casserole include ragout, hotpot, cassoulet, tajine, moussaka, lasagne, shepherd's pie, gratin, rice or macaroni timballo, and carbonnade.
Casserole 
 A popular type of casserole is green bean casserole, which has green beans, milk or cream, and fried onions.
Casserole 
 The first popular meals included French cassoulet, British pot pies, Italian lasagna, and Greek moussaka.
Flea 
 There are many species of flea such as dog fleas, cat fleas, human fleas, northern rat fleas, and the oriental rat flea.
Flea 
 During the Middle Ages, the oriental rat flea spread a bacteria that caused the bubonic plague, also known as the Black Death or Black Plague.
Terrorism 
 Terrorism is the use of fear and acts of violence in order to intimidate societies, governments or against an ideology.
Terrorism 
 Many different types of social or political organizations might use terrorism to try to achieve their goals.
Terrorism 
 The foundation of modern terrorism is the work of Sergey Nechayev, a Russian radical who developed strategies for carrying out terrorism.
Terrorism 
 Common definitions of terrorism refer to the violent acts which are intended to create fear (terror).
Terrorism 
 In some cases, the same group may be described as "freedom fighters" by its supporters and "terrorists" by its opponents.
Terrorism 
 One form of terrorism is the use of violence against noncombatants for the purpose of gaining publicity for a group, cause, or individual.
Terrorism 
 According to Memorial Institute for Prevention of Terrorism, terrorists killed 20,498 people in 2006.
Terrorism 
 Video of the ship MV Francop in the Israeli port of Ashdod: behind the bags of flour are boxes of heavy weapons and ammunition to be directed to Hezbollah.
South Africa 
 This is because the government is based in Pretoria, the parliament is in Cape Town and the Supreme Court is in Bloemfontein.
South Africa 
 They are Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Xhosa, Zulu, Swati, Setswana, Sesotho, Sesotho sa Leboa, Venda and Tsonga.
South Africa 
 In 1795, Great Britain took the Cape from the Dutch East India Company, to stop France from taking it.
South Africa 
 The British gave it back in 1803 but then annexed the Cape in 1807 when the Dutch East India Company went bankrupt.
South Africa 
 South Africa is found at the southernmost region of Africa, with a long coastline that reaches more than  and along two oceans (the South Atlantic and the Indian).
South Africa 
 It is a very populated scrubland, the Karoo, which is drier towards the northwest along the Namib desert.
South Africa 
 It is surrounded by the Atlantic and Indian Oceans on three sides, and is located in the climatically milder southern hemisphere.
South Africa 
 Because of this varied topography and oceanic influence, different parts of South Africa have different climates.
South Africa 
 There is a desert in the southern Namib in the farthest northwest and subtropical climate in the east along the Mozambique border and the Indian ocean.
South Africa 
 From the east, the land quickly rises over mountains towards the back plateau known as the Highveld.
South Africa 
 Even though South Africa is thought as semi-arid, there is a difference in climate as well as topography.
South Africa 
 The southwest has a climate similar to that of the Mediterranean with mild, moderately wet winters and hot, dry summers.
South Africa 
 The wind can sometimes be severe when passing around the Cape of Good Hope mostly gets bad for sailors, making many shipwrecks.
South Africa 
 Further east on the south coast, rainfall falls more evenly throughout the year, making a green landscape.
South Africa 
 Johannesburg, in the center of the Highveld, is at 1,740 m (5,709 ft) and gets a yearly rainfall of 740 mm (29.9 in).
South Africa 
 South Africa is ranked sixth out of the world’s 17 megadiverse countries, with more than 20,000 different kinds of plants, or about 10% of all the known species of plants on Earth, making it very rich in plant biodiversity.
South Africa 
 This is where grasses, low shrubs, and acacia trees, mostly camel-thorn and whitethorn are more common then plants.
South Africa 
 There are many species of water-storing plants like aloes and euphorbias in the very hot and dry Namaqualand area.
South Africa 
 The grass and thorn savanna turns slowly into a bush savanna towards the north-east of the country, with more thick growth.
South Africa 
 The developed part of the economy is similar to that of most nations with wealth (for example, Britain or Australia).
South Africa 
 The rest of the economy is closer to that of poor nations, such as the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
South Africa 
 The main companies in South Africa are mining (mostly for gold and diamonds), car making, and service industries, such as insurance.
South Africa 
 As for racial inequality, Statistics South Africa said that in 1995 the average white household earned four times as much as the average black household.
South Africa 
 South Africa is a nation of about 50 million people of diverse origins, cultures, languages, and religions.
South Africa 
 Statistics South Africa had five racial categories by which people could classify themselves, the last of which, "unspecified/other" drew "not needed" responses, and these results were not counted.
South Africa 
 The 2009 middle-year estimated figures for the other categories were Black African at 79.3%, White at 9.1%, Colored at 9.0%, and Asian at 2.6%.
South Africa 
 Even though the population of South Africa has grown in the past decade (mostly because of immigration), the country had an yearly population growth rate of −0.501% in 2008 (CIA est.),
South Africa 
 South Africa is home to an estimated 5 million illegal immigrants, counting about 3 million Zimbabweans.
South Africa 
 Today, the diversity in foods from many cultures is enjoyed by all and marketed to tourists who wish to taste South African food.
South Africa 
 South African food is mostly meat-based and has spawned the South African social gathering known as a braai, or barbecue.
South Africa 
 It has some of the best vineyards lying in valleys around Stellenbosch, Franschoek, Paarl and Barrydale.
South Africa 
 This is because blacks have become urbanised and Westernised, much parts of traditional culture have fallen.
South Africa 
 There are smaller but still important groups of speakers of Khoisan languages who are not in the eleven official languages, but are one of the eight other officially recognized languages.
South Africa 
 Members of middle class, who are mostly white but whose ranks are growing numbers of black, colored and Indian people, have lifestyles similar in many ways to that of people found in Western Europe, North America and Australasia.
South Africa 
 Members of the middle class often study and work from foreign countries for greater exposure to the markets of the world.
South Africa 
 This has Zion Christian (11.1%), Pentecostal (Charismatic) (8.2%), Roman Catholic (7.1%), Methodist (6.8%), Dutch Reformed (6.7%), Anglican (3.8%); members of other Christian churches accounted for another 36% of the population.
South Africa 
 Famous boxers from South Africa are Baby Jake Jacob Matlala, Vuyani Bungu, Welcome Ncita, Dingaan Thobela, Gerrie Coetzee and Brian Mitchell.
South Africa 
 Some of them are Lucas Radebe and Philemon Masinga (both were of Leeds United), Quinton Fortune (Atletico Madrid and Manchester United), Benni McCarthy (Ajax Amsterdam, F.C. Porto and Blackburn Rovers), Aaron Mokoena (Ajax Amsterdam, Blackburn Rovers and Portsmouth), Delron Buckley (Borussia Dortmund) and Steven Pienaar (Ajax Amsterdam and Everton).
South Africa 
 Famous current cricket players are Herschelle Gibbs, Graeme Smith, Jacques Kallis, JP Duminy and more.
South Africa 
 Some of them are Francois Pienaar, Joost van der Westhuizen, Danie Craven, Frik du Preez, Naas Botha, and Bryan Habana.
Andorra 
 Andorra (), officially the Principality of Andorra, is a landlocked sovereign country located in the eastern Pyrenees Mountains of Southern Europe and bordered by Spain and France.
Andorra 
 It is said that Charles the Great (Charlemagne) gave the Andorran people their country in return for fighting against the Moors.
Andorra 
 In 1607 Henry IV of France said the head of the French state and the Bishop of Urgell would be co-princes of Andorra.
Hiroshima 
 It contained 40,000 Japanese soldiers within the city's limit, and was a beehive (or center) of war industry.
Hiroshima 
 As with other Japanese cities, many of the strategic targets in Hiroshima were mixed with civilian homes and centers made of wood and paper.
Richter scale 
 His scale worked like a seismogram, measured by a particular type of seismometer at a distance of 100 kilometers (62 mi) from the earthquake.
Richter scale 
 Every increase of 1 on the Richter scale corresponds to an increase in amplitude by a factor of 10 so therefore, it is a logarithmic scale.
Day 
 It takes 24 hours for the Earth to spin once, so that is one day, including the day time and night time.
Phases of the Moon 
 The different shapes of the lit portion of the Moon that can be seen from Earth are known as phases of the Moon.
Phases of the Moon 
 A waxing crescent moon is when the Moon looks like a crescent and the crescent increases ("waxes") in size from one day to the next.
Phases of the Moon 
 The first quarter moon (or a half moon) is when half of the lit portion of the Moon is visible after the waxing crescent phase.
Phases of the Moon 
 A waxing gibbous moon occurs when more than half of the lit portion of the Moon can be seen and the shape increases ("waxes") in size from one day to the next.
Phases of the Moon 
 The full moon phase occurs when the Moon is on the opposite side of the Earth from the Sun, called opposition.
Phases of the Moon 
 A waning gibbous moon occurs when more than half of the lit portion of the Moon can be seen and the shape decreases ("wanes") in size from one day to the next.
Phases of the Moon 
 The last quarter moon (or a half moon) is when half of the lit portion of the Moon is visible after the waning gibbous phase.
Phases of the Moon 
 A waning crescent moon is when the Moon looks like a crescent and the crescent decreases ("wanes") in size from one day to the next.
Phases of the Moon 
 A second full moon in one calendar month is usually called a "blue moon" and this occurs approximately every 3 years.
Phases of the Moon 
 As Moon is exceptionally close to Earth; full Moon appears up to 7% larger and 15% brighter than a typical full moon.
Phases of the Moon 
 Traditionally any full moon that occurred in April was called a pink moon because it marked the blooming of Moss pink a wildflower.
Sphere 
 But in mathematics, a sphere is the surface of a ball, which is given by all the points in three dimensional space that are located at a fixed distance from the center.
Quantity 
 Other machines are used to measure other quantities such as temperature, speed, electric current, and so on.
Quantity 
 The one hundred centimeters on a meter stick are done this way; by marking ten equal parts, then marking ten equal parts of each of those parts.
Advertising 
 It is usually designed by an advertising agency for a  sponsor or brand and made public by various media.
Advertising 
 Advertisers influence our emotions by techniques that include stereotyping and targeting the audience: who we are.
Advertising 
 Emotions are influenced by our occupation, beliefs, personality, self esteem, lifestyle, relationships, friends, how we look and what we wear.