the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_embeddings huggingface dataset:
Dean Martin 
 In early 1987, his son Dean Paul ("Dino") Martin was in the United States Air Force, and his airplane crashed during a mission.
Dean Martin 
 She encouraged him not to worry about dying, and to think about his parents, and their son Dean Paul, waiting for him.
Dean Martin 
 Martin died in Beverly Hills, California over the Christmas holidays in 1995, watching television in bed.
Racial segregation 
 For example, until 1964, it was still legal to separate white and African-American people in some states.
Racial segregation 
 In South Africa, from the 1940s until the 1990s, a system called apartheid kept white and black South Africans separate.
Racial segregation 
 As a United States Supreme Court judge said in a case about segregation in schools: "separate facilities are [always] unequal."
Racial segregation 
 They helped a lot by speaking up for their side, even though they knew that they would get in trouble.
Racial segregation 
 Rosa Parks made every black person stop using the buses until the bus company ran out of money (most of their money came from black people).
Racial segregation 
 When the Anglo-Saxons arrived in England in the 4th century, they may have created an "apartheid-like society," according to some historians.
Racial segregation 
 Some historians say Anglo-Saxons were much richer and had a higher social status than Celtic Britons.
Racial segregation 
 From the early 1800s to the late 1980s, the Australian government took many Aboriginal children away from their families.
Racial segregation 
 However, the government had decided to force Aboriginal children to "assimilate" into Australian society.
Racial segregation 
 There, they were forced to learn Christianity, leave behind their Aboriginal culture, become a part of white society, and marry white people.
Racial segregation 
 The goal of this program was to "breed out" Aboriginal traits so that they no longer existed in Australia.
Racial segregation 
 This policy kept non-white people from immigrating to Australia by making immigration tests too hard to pass.
Racial segregation 
 The goal of this policy was to get the Aborigines off their lands, because white settlers wanted to use them.
Racial segregation 
 At the time, some people called the situation "apartheid," and even suggested that the Australian government's policies inspired the apartheid program in South Africa.
Racial segregation 
 Their goal was to prevent English settlers in Ireland from mixing with the Irish people or becoming too much like the Irish.
Racial segregation 
 The laws made it illegal the English to marry native Irish people, have Irish children, adopt Irish children, use Irish names or clothes, or speak anything but English.
Racial segregation 
 For example, Arab and Berber Algerians were allowed to apply for French citizenship (which would give them the right to vote and other rights) only if they abandoned their Muslim religion and culture.
Racial segregation 
 Algerian Muslims were not willing to go along with this "system of apartheid," and this system was one of the main causes of the Algerian War in 1954.
Racial segregation 
 In fifteenth-century north-east Germany, "Wendish" (Slavic) people were not allowed to join some guilds.
Racial segregation 
 In 1935, after the Nazi Party had taken control of the German government, they passed the Nuremberg Laws.
Racial segregation 
 At first, the laws were mostly meant to keep "Aryans" from mixing with Jewish people (who the Nazis viewed as an inferior race).
Racial segregation 
 To keep German blood "pure," after World War II began, the Nazis made it illegal for any non-German to marry or have sex with a German person.
Racial segregation 
 For example, the different groups were allowed different amounts of food; and were only allowed to live in certain places and use certain public transportation.
Racial segregation 
 During the 1930s and 1940s, the Nazis made Jews wear yellow ribbons or stars of David with the word "Jude" ("Jew") on them.
Racial segregation 
 For example, Jewish doctors were not allowed to treat Aryan patients; Jewish professors were not allowed to teach Aryan students.
Racial segregation 
 Jews were not allowed to use any public transportation, besides the ferry; ride bicycles; or ride in cars.
Racial segregation 
 They also killed millions of Slavic people (including Ukrainian, Soviet, and Polish people), because they saw Slavs as an inferior race.
Racial segregation 
 Also, between 1939 and 1945, at least 1.5 million Polish people were deported to Nazi Germany for forced labour.
Racial segregation 
 However, Polish people and other Eastern Europeans who the Nazis viewed as racially inferior were treated much worse.
Racial segregation 
 They were forced to wear a cloth tag on their clothing with the letter "P" on it, which showed that they were Polish.
Racial segregation 
 During the Tang Dynasty, the Han Chinese passed several laws that segregated non-Chinese people from Chinese people.
Racial segregation 
 In 779, the Tang Dynasty made a rule which forced Uighurs to wear their traditional ethnic clothing, not Chinese clothing.
Racial segregation 
 In 836, when Lu Chun was appointed governor of Canton, he was disgusted to find Chinese living with foreigners and marrying them.
Racial segregation 
 The law specifically banned Chinese from forming relationships with "Dark peoples" or "People of color."
Racial segregation 
 Under pressure from the Nazis, the regime passed several laws that said the Italian Empire would now practice segregation.
Racial segregation 
 They called these laws the 'provvedimenti per la difesa della razza' (norms for the defence of the race).
Racial segregation 
 For example, Rita Levi-Montalcini, who would later win the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, was told she could no longer work at her university.
Racial segregation 
 For example, Enrico Fermi, who worked on the first nuclear reactor and won the Nobel Prize for Physics, left the country. (
Racial segregation 
 Many other well-known scientists, physicists, mathematicians, and other scholars lost their jobs or left Italy because of the race laws.
Racial segregation 
 Albert Einstein resigned from his honorary membership at the Accademia dei Lincei, an Italian science academy, to protest the race laws.
Racial segregation 
 After 1943, when Northern Italy was occupied by the Nazis, Italian Jews were taken to Nazi concentration camps and death camps.
Racial segregation 
 For centuries, Jews in Europe were often forced to live in segregated ghettos and shtetls (small towns where mostly Jews lived).
Racial segregation 
 In 1204, the Pope ordered Jews to segregate themselves from Christians and to wear clothing that marked them as Jews.
Racial segregation 
 In the Russian Empire, starting in the 1790s, Jews were only allowed to live in the Pale of Settlement.
Racial segregation 
 This was the Western frontier of the Russian Empire, about where Poland, Lithuania, Belarus, Moldova, and Ukraine are today.
Racial segregation 
 When Spanish people came to the Americas and made Latin American countries into colonies, they created a caste system based on race.
Racial segregation 
 They came up with fifteen different categories of people based on their race mixtures, including categories like "mulatto" and "mestizo".
Racial segregation 
 People who were "whiter" or more "Spanish" had a higher social status than people who were "darker" or more Native American.
Racial segregation 
 People who were "darker" were treated as inferior and faced discrimination  for example, they had to pay higher taxes than "whiter" people.
Racial segregation 
 Usually, when they won their independence from Spain, most Latin American countries made laws against caste systems.
Racial segregation 
 Throughout the rest of the 1800s, the South African colonies passed laws that limited these worker's rights and freedoms.
Racial segregation 
 In 1894 and 1905, the government passed laws saying that "Indians" and 'blacks" had no right to vote.
Racial segregation 
 Other laws discriminated against non-whites, but were not as bad as the apartheid laws that would come within the next 50 years.
Racial segregation 
 The Population Registration Act (1950), which put South Africans into four racial categories: "black," "white," "Coloured" (mixed-race), and "Indian" (South Asians from the former British India).
Racial segregation 
 People had to register with the government and get identification cards that said what racial group they were in.
Racial segregation 
 The Reservation of Separate Amenities Act (1953), which created separate public places, like hospitals, universities, and parks, for the different races
Racial segregation 
 Under these apartheid laws, between 1960 and 1983, 3.5 million non-white South Africans were forced to leave their homes and move into segregated neighborhoods.
Racial segregation 
 Since "Indians" and "blacks" had not been allowed to vote for decades, this meant that whites were the only people in South Africa who were allowed to vote.
Racial segregation 
 As early as 1949, the youth wing of the African National Congress (ANC) suggested fighting against racial segregation using many different strategies.
Racial segregation 
 They included protests by the Black Consciousness Movement; student protests; labor strikes; and church group activism.
Racial segregation 
 In 1991, the Abolition of Racially Based Land Measures Act was passed, reversing laws about racial segregation, including the Group Areas Act.
Racial segregation 
 South Africa had its first multiracial elections (where non-whites were allowed to be candidates in 1994.
Racial segregation 
 Mandela and de Klerk were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993 for working together to end apartheid.
Racial segregation 
 The United States has a long history of racial segregation, starting when the first European settlers came to North America.
Racial segregation 
 First through slavery, then through racist laws, and then through racist attitudes, African-American people in the United States have faced segregation for centuries.
Racial segregation 
 For example, during World War II, the President of the United States, Franklin D. Roosevelt, ordered almost the entire Japanese-American population to be segregated in internment camps.
Racial segregation 
 Thanks to movements like the Civil Rights Movement, segregation is now against the law in the United States.
Racial segregation 
 It started in its occupation of the West Bank; the term apartheid in this context refers to apartheid in international law.
Racial segregation 
 Also includes the pattern of Israeli settlements, separate roads for Israeli and Palestinian people, Israeli military checkpoints, marriage law, the West Bank barrier, the use of Palestinians for cheaper labour, the Palestinian West Bank land exclaves, inequality in infrastructure, legal rights (e.g. "Enclave law"), and inequality of access to land and resources between Palestinians and Israeli settlers.
Racial segregation 
 It is argued that, like South Africa, Israel may be classified as a settler colonial society, in violation of international law.
Chuck Berry 
 Charles Edward Anderson "Chuck" Berry (October 18, 1926 – March 18, 2017) was an American singer, guitarist and songwriter.
Chuck Berry 
 In 1957 he joined the Everly Brothers, Buddy Holly and other popular musicians on a tour around the United States.
Chuck Berry 
 "Maybellene" (1955), "Roll Over Beethoven" (1956), "Rock and Roll Music" (1957) and "Johnny B. Goode" (1958) were massive hits.
Chuck Berry 
 Berry has influenced many music artists, like The Beatles, The Rolling Stones, The Beach Boys, and Bob Dylan.
Chuck Berry 
 Berry tried to help an Apache waitress cross the US-Canadian border, but was caught by police and charged for prostitution.
Chuck Berry 
 Berry was a favorite with The Beatles, The Rolling Stones and The Beach Boys, who adapted and recorded a number of his songs.
Chuck Berry 
 Berry died at his home in Wentzville, Missouri on March 18, 2017 from a congestive heart failure, aged 90.
Nagamaki 
 It was introduced and used primarily during the Kamakura (1192 - 1333), Nanbokucho (1334 - 1392) and early Muromachi (1392 – 1573) periods.
Nagamaki 
 It looks similar to a traditional naginata, but the main difference was that the handle (tsuka) of the nagamaki was not constructed of wood; it was made more like a katana handle.
Nagamaki 
 The nagamaki handle was wrapped with cords in criss-crossed manner, very similar to the wrapping that is made on katana.
Nagamaki 
 Unlike the naginata, the hands did not change when handling the weapon and the right hand was always the closest to the blade.
Nagamaki 
 While handling nagamaki not too many sliding actions on the handle were performed as it was in naginata's case, where you use the entire length of the shaft.
Nagamaki 
 Still, it required more time and materials to create a nagamaki than a spears or a naginata sword, this is why it was not so widely spread.
Nagamaki 
 It appears to be like a long katana-shaped glaive but straighter and thinner, with a very long handle.
Naginata 
 It is said naginata have first been used in China in around 3 B.C. The first source it was mentioned in was the Kojiki (A Record of Ancient Matters, 712).
Naginata 
 Later, it is shown in the paintings of battlefield scenes made during the Tengyo no Ran (Tengyo Insurrection), in 936 A.D. The sword was used and improved during the Nara period (approx.
Naginata 
 Around the 1400's A.D. this weapon was no more used by monks because the temples were no longer a target.
Naginata 
 Still, naginata was most commonly used when the samurai was too young to handle a full length katana and when he was mostly an archer.
Naginata 
 It became the symbolic weapon of samurai women, who trained for self-defense, defense of their children, and for  building virtue.
Naginata 
 The fashion developed further and there were samurai families who hung naginata in important places of their houses.
Naginata 
 Thus, when the crops and lands of the farmers were under attack they defended it with their farming tools, which proved to be effective weapons and were later improved..
Naginata 
 The Chinese theory is based on the idea that Chinese halberds were brought to Japan during early migrations, (around 200 B.C.).
Naginata 
 Most of the weaponry experts believe that even if the Chinese invented the weapon, but it was improved by the Japanese.
Naginata 
 This theory affirms that the naginata development was far later than the appearance of metal in Japan from the Asian continents (around 200 B.C.).
Naginata 
 The naginata was meant for foot soldiers to use; whereas the military elite (samurai) used the katana sword.
Naginata 
 During the Edo period (1600-1800 AD), Japanese women were taught to handle the naginata by the age of 18.
Naginata 
 Usually, it was sweeping and circular motion, because it was inconvenient to use striking methods like with a traditional sword.
Naginata 
 In order to use the naginata well, the handler has to quickly change hand positions along the length of the shaft.
Naginata 
 The sword is very well balanced and weighted which makes it possible for women and children to use it.
Naginata 
 Today Naginata is a combat system that teaches respect, patience, etiquette, self-confidence, and self-control.
Naginata 
 When into this art, discipline and concentration are needed to reach the grace and effectiveness of the movements.
Naginata 
 Naginata went through the influence of westernization after the Meiji Restoration (1868-1912), when the value of martial arts dropped, and survived till the Showa period (1912 – 1926), when naginata became a part of the public school system.
Naginata 
 Despite the differences between these schools, the Naginata martial art has at its base the art of wielding one of the most original weapons and their goal is to develop the traditional etiquette and spiritual training of a person.
Ainu language 
 In the 19th century, Ainu was spoken in Ezo (including Hokkaidō Island and the southern part of Chishima Islands), the southern part of Karapto (Sakhalin) and the northern part of Chishima Islands (Kuril Islands).
Ainu language 
 The dialects were so different from one another that a speaker of one dialect could not understand a speaker of another dialect.
Ainu language 
 Ainu phrases have left-branching structures: the word for a property is before the word for a person or thing.
Ainu language 
 In the Ainu perspective of the world, all goes well and human being can also be happy if ainu and kamuy help each other.
Ainu language 
 The Ainu language is classificated as language isolate, although there exist several theories about a genetic relation.
Ainu language 
 Some linguists suggest a relation to Altaic languages while others suggest a link to Indo-European languages.
Saurischia 
 Saurischians ('lizard-hipped') and the ornithischians ('bird-hipped') have differences in the ways bones in the hip are put together.
Saurischia 
 All carnivorous dinosaurs (the theropods) are saurischians, and so are the sauropods like Diplodocus and Brachiosaurus.
Saurischia 
 Birds are direct descendants of a group of theropod dinosaurs, so they are a sub-clade of saurischian dinosaurs in modern classification.
Stethoscope 
 The sound-detecting device has a thin plastic sheet on one side and a bell shape with a hole in on the other.
Stethoscope 
 Rene Theophile Hyacinthe Laënnec (1781-1826) was a French physician who, in 1816, invented the stethoscope.
Stethoscope 
 Using this new instrument, he investigated the sounds made by the heart and lungs and determined that his diagnoses were supported by the observations made during autopsies.
Passion bearer 
 In Russian Orthodox Christianity, a passion bearer is someone who faces their death in a Christian or Christ-like way.
Passion bearer 
 They were not killed because of their religion, unlike martyrs, but they love God and show good virtues.
Tile 
 A tile is a manufactured piece of hard-wearing material such as ceramic, stone, porcelain, metal or even glass.
Tile 
 At the end of the 20th century, the technology of porcelain and glass tiles advanced, making them cheaper.
Tile 
 Roof tiles are designed mainly to keep out rain, and are traditionally made from locally available materials such as clay or slate.
Tile 
 Modern materials such as concrete and plastic are also used and some clay tiles have a waterproof glaze.
Tile 
 Fired roof tiles are found as early as the 3rd millennium BC in the  House of the tiles in Lerna, Greece.
Porcelain 
 There is a distinction between hard-paste porcelain, fired at 1400 degrees Celsius, and soft-paste porcelain, fired at 1200 oC. Bone china is soft-paste porcelain made from bone ash and kaolinite.
Porcelain 
 Porcelain manufactured during the Tang Dynasty (618–906 AD) was exported to the Islamic world, where it was highly prized.
Porcelain 
 Porcelain items in the sense that we know them today could be found in the Tang Dynasty, and archaeological finds have pushed the dates back to as early as the Han Dynasty (206 BC – 220 AD).
Porcelain 
 In 1712, many of the Chinese porcelain secrets were revealed in Europe by the French Jesuit father Francois Xavier d'Entrecolles, and published in Lettres édifiantes et curieuses de Chine par des missionnaires jésuites.
Porcelain 
 Early in the 16th century, Portuguese traders returned home with samples of kaolin clay, which they discovered in China to be essential in the production of porcelain wares.
Porcelain 
 However, the Chinese techniques and composition used to manufacture porcelain were not yet fully understood.
Porcelain 
 In the German state of Saxony, the search concluded in 1708 when Ehrenfried von Tschirnhaus produced a hard, white, translucent type of porcelain with  kaolin clay and alabaster, mined from a Saxon mine in Colditz.
Porcelain 
 Von Tschirnhaus and his assistant Johann Friedrich Böttger were employed by Augustus the Strong and worked at Dresden and Meissen in Saxony.
Porcelain 
 A workshop note records that the first specimen of hard, white and vitrified European porcelain was produced in 1708.
Porcelain 
 At the time, the research was still being supervised by Tschirnhaus, who died in October of that year.
Porcelain 
 The Vincennes porcelain factory was established in 1740, and moved later to larger premises in Sèvres.
Porcelain 
 Vincennes soft-paste was whiter and more perfect than any of its French rivals, which put Vincennes/Sèvres porcelain in the leading position in France.
Porcelain 
 The first soft-paste in England was demonstrated by Thomas Briand to the Royal Society in 1742, and is believed to have been based on the Saint-Cloud formula.
Porcelain 
 In the twenty-five years after Briand's demonstration, half a dozen factories were founded in England to make soft-paste table-wares and figures.
Porcelain 
 International Ceramic Directory - providing you with links to ceramic artists, backstamps, manufacturers, historical sites and more
Kiln 
 A kiln is a thermally insulated chamber or oven in which a controlled temperature regime is produced.
Kiln 
 Young International Woodfirer Association, an international association of people building and using woodfired kilns
Mettā 
 The Path of Unlimited Friendliness  - a translation of the Karaniya  Metta Sutta by Dharmachari Ratnaprabha
Oxide 
 An oxide is a chemical compound containing at least one oxygen atom and at least one atom of one other element.
Oxide 
 Oxides can be made when elements are oxidized by air (when oxygen in the air reacts with the element).
Proposal 
 It is usually used when someone suggests an idea of marriage, when they ask the person they like to marry them.
Versailles, Yvelines 
 This city is very important for the History of France because it was formerly the capital of the kingdom of France.
Versailles, Yvelines 
 Versailles is made world-famous by the Palace of Versailles (Château de Versailles), where Louis XIV, Louis XV and Louis XVI lived.
Major 
 Major is a rank that is given for a mid-level command officer (higher than the rank of Captain and lower than the rank of Lieutenant Colonel).
Sibling 
 Full-Siblings (Full Brothers/Full Sisters or Brothers/Sisters): These types of siblings have both the same father and mother and are the most common type of siblings found.
Sibling 
 Identical twins have exactly the same genes; fraternal twins are no more similar than regular siblings.
Sibling 
 Often, twins with a close relationship will develop a twin language from infanthood, a language only shared and understood between the two.
Sibling 
 They knew that past studies suggested that genetics played a larger role in one's personality in the earlier years of their life.
Sibling 
 They gathered subjects with a mean age of 59, who included 99 pairs of identical twins, and 229 pairs of fraternal twins who were all reared apart.
Sibling 
 They also gathered twins who were reared together: 160 pairs of identical twins, and 212 pairs of fraternal twins.
Sibling 
 They studied the most heritable traits in regard to personality, which are emotionality, activity level and sociability; also known as EAS.
Sibling 
 This study found that identical twins resembled each other twice as much as fraternal twins, due to genetic factors.
Sibling 
 Furthermore, environment influences personality substantially; however, it has little to do with whether they are reared together or apart.
Sibling 
 This study also suggests that heritability is substantial, but not as substantial as for younger subjects; it has less significance later on in life.
Sibling 
 Half-Siblings (Half-brothers/Half-sisters): These types siblings have only one parent that is the same.
Sibling 
 Those with the same mother, but different father are called uterine half-siblings or maternal half-brothers/half-sisters and those with the same father, but different mother are called agnate half-siblings or paternal half-brothers/half sisters.
Sibling 
 Step Siblings (Stepbrothers/Stepsisters): These types of siblings have different fathers and mothers, but one of their parents is married to a parent of the other one.