the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_embeddings huggingface dataset:
Plant 
 At least some plant cells contain photosynthetic organelles (plastids) which enable them to make food for themselves.
Plant 
 With sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide, the plastids make sugars, the basic molecules needed by the plant.
Plant 
 Later, in the cell cytoplasm, the sugars may be turned into amino acids for proteins, nucleotides for DNA and RNA, and carbohydrates such as starch.
Plant 
 Plants which specialise in desert areas are called xerophytes or phreatophytes, depending on the type of root growth.
Plant 
 The petals of a flower are often brightly colored and scented to attract insects and other pollinators.
Plant 
 The stigmas of these flowers are feathery and hang outside the flower to catch the pollen as it falls.
Plant 
 If by plants we mean phototrophs using chlorophyll, then cyanobacteria in stromatolites are the first fossils, 3,450 million years ago (mya) in the Archaean eon.
Plant 
 The remarkable precision is possible because the fossils were sandwiched between lava flows that could be precisely dated from embedded zircon crystals.
Plant 
 If by plants we include all types of algae, then the earliest known red algae lived 1.6 billion years ago.
Plant 
 The coal measures are a major source of Palaeozoic plant fossils, with many groups of plants in existence at this time.
Plant 
 The spoil heaps of coal mines are the best places to collect; coal itself is the remains of fossilised plants, though structural detail of the plant fossils is rarely visible in coal.
Plant 
 In the Fossil Forest at Victoria Park in Glasgow the stumps of Lepidodendron trees are found in their original growth positions.
Prediction 
 Predictions are based on the idea that two beginning positions that are like each other will have similar results.
Prediction 
 By watching something happen, it is possible to predict what will happen if something similar happens.
Prediction 
 Studying how weather happens lets people predict what the weather will be by looking at what is currently happening.
Prediction 
 This is helpful because by knowing that it is going to rain, a person can wear the right clothes for it.
Probability 
 For example, using probability, one can show that by throwing a coin up in the air and letting it land, half of the time it will land with one side facing up, and half of the time with the other side facing up.
Probability 
 Many coins have a picture of the face of a famous person on one side, and something else on the other side.
Probability 
 If we roll a die (plural: dice), then the chance that it will land on 1 is 1/6 (because there are 6 numbers on a die).
Probability 
 The chance it will land on any number between 1 and 6 is 1, because every time we roll the die, it will always land on a number between 1 and 6.
Probability 
 For example, if one rolls six dice, the chance of them getting a number more than ten is not obvious, but can be figured out using math and science.
Probability 
 One of the most interesting things about chance is that to figure out the probability that two things will both happen, one usually multiply their two probabilities together.
Probability 
 For example, suppose that one wants to know the probability of rolling two dice and getting a certain combination (it could be two 6s or a 3 then a 5, just any two).
Probability 
 The possibility of getting a 3 is one in six (⅙), and the possibility of getting a 5 is also one in six, so the chances of getting a 3 then a 5 is ⅙×⅙=⅟36.
Probability 
 The possibility of getting a 3, then a 5, and then a 2 would be ⅙×⅙×⅙=⅟216 or 0.00463, which is a much lower probability.
Probability 
 People like Jacob Bernoulli, Pierre-Simon Laplace, or Christiaan Huygens used the word probability, as described above.
Probability 
 Other people thought about frequencies; the notion of probability is usually called frequency probability.
Probability experiment 
 A coin flip is a probability experiment because chance affects whether a coin will land heads or tails when it is flipped.
Protein 
 They are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides folded into a round or fibrous shape.
Protein 
 Like other biological macromolecules (polysaccharides and nucleic acids), proteins take part in virtually every process in cells:
Protein 
 Many proteins are enzymes that catalyze (help to happen) biochemical reactions and are vital to metabolism.
Protein 
 Proteins are necessary in an animal's diets, since animals cannot make all the amino acids they need (they can make most of them).
Protein 
 The nine essential amino acids are: histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine.
Protein 
 However, eating a mixture of plants, such as both wheat and peanut butter, or rice and beans, provides all the essential amino acids needed.
Protein 
 Soy products like tofu provide all the essential amino acids—as does quinoa—but these are not the only way to get the protein humans need.
Protein 
 The scientist Jöns Jacob Berzelius gave proteins their name, but many other scientists have studied proteins.
Periodic table 
 The periodic table is the systematic and tabular arrangement of all known chemical elements in which elements having similar properties kept together.
Periodic table 
 In the table, the elements are placed in the order of their atomic numbers starting with the lowest number of one, hydrogen.
Periodic table 
 The atomic number of an element is the same as the number of protons in that particular nucleus of an atom.
Periodic table 
 Elements in a group have electrons arranged in similar ways, according to the number of valency electrons, which gives them similar chemical properties (they behave in similar ways).
Periodic table 
 For example, group 18 is known as the noble gases because they are all gases and they do not combine with other atoms.
Periodic table 
 There are two systems of group numbers; one using Arabic numerals (1,2,3) and the other using Roman numerals (I, II, III).
Periodic table 
 In 1990 the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) decided to use the new system with Arabic numerals, to replace the two old group systems that used Roman numerals.
Periodic table 
 The periodic table has been used by chemists to observe patterns and relationships between elements.
Periodic table 
 For example, elements to the bottom and far left of the table are the most metallic, and elements on the top right are the least metallic. (
Periodic table 
 The color of the number (atomic number) above the element symbol shows the state of the element at normal conditions.
Periodic table 
 List of elements: includes name, symbol, atomic number, atomic mass, group, and period; sortable by any of those
Physiology 
 In human beings, for example, the digestion of food hormones and other chemicals are made by the stomach, liver, and pancreas.
Physiology 
 By learning how the body functions normally, physiologists and physicians can better understand what happens when organs do not function normally.
Physiology 
 Studies of the circulatory system and the nervous system have helped physicians understand and treat such illnesses like heart disease, stroke, and high blood pressure.
Planet 
 Pluto used to be called a planet, but in August 2006, the International Astronomical Union decided it was a dwarf planet instead.
Planet 
 The name "planet" is from the Greek word πλανήτης (planetes), meaning "wanderers", or "things that move".
Planet 
 4,905 extrasolar planets (exoplanets) have been discovered in 3,629 planetary systems (January 2022 data).
Planet 
 Known exoplanets range in size from gas giants about twice as large as Jupiter down to just over the size of the Moon.
Planet 
 In contrast, the planets are mostly made up of larger atoms and molecules which could not have come from the Sun.
Planet 
 Those sources were atoms made in earlier supernovae explosions near the Sun's path as it moved through its part of the Milky Way.
Planet 
 The gas giants are made up of hydrogen gas like the Sun, plus (at their centres) "metallic" elements like the terrestrial planets.
Planet 
 The planets in the Solar System have names of Greek or Roman gods, except for Earth, because people did not think Earth was a planet in old times.
Political problems of China 
 Many people say the government stops people from having freedom of speech, freedom of religion and other political rights that people in other countries have.
Political problems of China 
 Hong Kong (lost to British Empire) (returned to PRC with effect from 1 July 1997 under the Sino-British Joint Declaration)
Police 
 Police are a group of people whose job is to enforce laws, help with emergencies, solve crimes and protect property.
Police 
 Police are trained in first aid and rescue, because police officers are often one of the first people to get to a place where people are sick or injured, such as a car accident, or a fire.
Police 
 A police agency may be called a police force, police department, police service, constabulary, civil guard or protective service.
Police 
 A gendarmerie is a police force that is part of the military, although its members rarely do actual military work.
Police 
 Most police forces in the United States name themselves as "[Place] Police Department", such as New York City Police Department.
Police 
 In the United States, there are some law enforcement agencies that are not called police forces but carry out similar work, such as the Federal Bureau of Investigations.
Police 
 One common type is a sheriff's office (also sheriff's department), an agency that is led by a sheriff.
Police 
 If officers are outside of their jurisdiction, another police force with jurisdiction can then use their powers.
Police 
 When someone calls the police to say that a crime is happening, they must send some police officers to arrive at the scene very quickly.
Police 
 When the police believe that someone has committed a crime, the police arrest them, take them to the police station and ask them questions.
Police 
 However, it is the prosecutors and not the police who have the final say on whether a suspect gets charged.
Police 
 Most police departments have officers in two main groups: a "patrol" group with officers who wear uniforms, and a "detective" group with officers who wear normal clothing.
Police 
 They try to find fraud, illegal drugs, and sex crimes like prostitution, human trafficking, and rape.
Police 
 In the United Kingdom, for example, patrol officers form the "uniform branch", while detectives work within the CID ("Criminal Investigation Department").
Police 
 Also in the United Kingdom, not all police officers are armed, these police officers form an "Armed Response Unit" which comes under other names in different constabularies, in the Metropolitan Police Service, it falls under SFC (Specialist Firearms Command) which all MET Armed Police fall under
Police 
 In some places, groups of police train for special jobs such as dealing with riots or dealing with highly dangerous criminals.
Police 
 For example, most policing in Australia is carried out by the six state police forces, but there is also the Australian Federal Police who police the whole country.
Police 
 The United Kingdom and Switzerland have many local police forces and several national agencies, but no actual national police force.
Police 
 In Canada, local governments can choose to either run their own police force or give the job to a bigger one.
Police 
 So most Canadian cities have their own police, while most rural areas are policed by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, which is also the national police.
Police 
 For example, Los Angeles has the Los Angeles Police Department but there are many other agencies that can work in the city.
Police 
 This includes the county-level Los Angeles Sheriff's Department, the state-level California Highway Patrol and over 100 federal (or national) law enforcement agencies.
Police 
 In the United Kingdom, New Zealand, Ireland and a few other countries, most police officers do not carry guns.
Police 
 Officers may also carry pepper spray, electric shock weapons (such as tasers), and batons for defense.
Pi 
 The number  () is a mathematical constant that is the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter.
Pi 
 Even though the diameter and circumference are different for different circles, the number pi remains constant: its value never changes.
Pi 
 Pi is also an irrational number, meaning it cannot be written as a fraction (), where 'a' and 'b' are integers (whole numbers).
Pi 
 This basically means that the digits of pi that are to the right of the decimal go forever—without repeating in a pattern, and that it is impossible to write the exact value of pi as a number.
Pi 
 A value close to pi is 3.141592653589793238462643... A common fraction approximation of pi is , which yields approximately 3.14285714.
Pi 
 While this approximation is accepted for most of its use in real life, the fraction  is more accurate (giving about 3.14159292), and can be used when a value closer to pi is needed.
Pi 
 Mathematicians have known about pi for thousands of years, because they have been working with circles for the same amount of time.
Pi 
 Civilizations as old as the Babylonians have been able to approximate pi to many digits, such as the fraction 25/8 and 256/81.
Pi 
 Most historians believe that ancient Egyptians had no concept of π, and that the correspondence is a coincidence.
Pi 
 The Babylonians were able to find that the value of pi was slightly greater than 3, by simply making a big circle and then sticking a piece of rope onto the circumference and the diameter, taking note of their distances, and then dividing the circumference by the diameter.
Pi 
 Knowledge of the number pi passed back into Europe and into the hands of the Hebrews, who made the number important in a section of the Bible called the Old Testament.
Pi 
 After this, the most common way of trying to find pi was to draw a shape of many sides inside any circle, and use the area of the shape to find pi.
Pi 
 The Greek philosopher Archimedes, for example, used a polygon shape that had 96 sides in order to find the value of pi, but the Chinese in 500  were able to use a polygon with 16,384 sides to find the value of pi.
Pi 
 The Greeks, like Anaxagoras of Clazomenae, were also busy with finding out other properties of the circle, such as how to make squares of circles and squaring the number pi.
Pi 
 In the 16th century, better and better ways of finding pi became available, such as the complicated formula that the French lawyer François Viète developed.
Pi 
 A mathematician named Lambert also showed in 1761 that the number pi was irrational; that is, it cannot be written as a fraction by normal standards.
Pi 
 Another mathematician named Lindeman was also able to show in 1882 that pi was part of the group of numbers known as transcendentals, which are numbers that cannot be the solution to a polynomial equation.
Pi 
 The properties of pi have allowed it to be used in many other areas of math besides geometry, the study of shapes.
Pi 
 This formula is sometimes written as , where r is the variable for the radius of any circle and A is the variable for the area of that circle.
Pi 
 People generally celebrate March 14 as Pi Day, because March 14 is also written as 3/14, which represents the first three numbers 3.14 in the approximation of pi.
Proper noun 
 A proper noun or proper name is a noun representing a unique thing (such as London, Jupiter, John Hunter, or Toyota), as opposed to a common noun, which represents a class of things (for example, city, planet, person or corporation).
Proper noun 
 In English, proper nouns are not normally preceded by an article or other limiting modifier (such as any or some), and are used to denote a particular person, place, or object without regard to any descriptive meaning the word or phrase may have (for example, a town called "Newtown" may be, but does not necessarily have to be, a new [recently built] town).
Proper noun 
 For example, names of days and months are considered proper names in English, but not in Spanish, French, Swedish, Slovenian or Finnish, where they are not capitalized.
Plastic 
 Many things are made of plastics, some types of wood can be made out of plastic, usually because making them to the right shape is easy and plastic, gives form to wood and other things.
Plastic 
 These plastics can be used for 3D printing, because the plastic will become soft enough to form into different shapes, and then become hard again when they cool down.
Plastic 
 Some plastics have other materials added to them, like glass, because they make the plastic stronger and stiffer.
Plastic 
 Polyethylene – tubes, bottles, shopping bags, milk jugs, body armor (made with polyethylene with especially long chains)
Plastic 
 Polyethylene terephtalate (called PET when used for bottles, and polyester when used for clothes or other materials)
Plastic 
 Polyvinyl chloride (called PVC, usually) - pipes (chemicals can make PVC softer for toys and cushions)
Product stewardship 
 That is, paying for the safe and proper disposal when you pay for the product, and relying on those who sold it to you, to dispose of it.
Product stewardship 
 The slightly more specific idea of product take-back means that the service of waste disposal is paid for at time of purchase.
Product stewardship 
 It is often applied to paint, tires, and other goods that become toxic waste if not disposed of properly.
Product stewardship 
 It is most familiar as the deposit bottle - where one pays for the loan of the bottle at the same time as one purchases what is inside it.
Product stewardship 
 The container deposit charged for a deposit bottle may be a fee to buy the bottle, separately from the fee to buy what it contains.
Product stewardship 
 If one returns the bottle, the fee is returned, and the supplier must return the bottle for re-use or recycling.
Product stewardship 
 If not, one has paid the fee, and presumably this can pay for landfill or litter control measures that dispose of say a broken bottle.
Product stewardship 
 Also, since the same fee can be collected by anyone finding and returning the bottle, it is common for people to collect these and return them as a means of surviving.
Product stewardship 
 Legal requirements vary:  the bottle itself may be considered simple property of the purchaser of the contents, or, the purchaser may have some obligation to return the bottle to some depot so it can be recycled or re-used.
Product stewardship 
 When purchasing paint or tires in many places, one simultaneously pays for the disposal of the toxic waste they become.
Product stewardship 
 In some countries, such as Germany, law requires attention to the comprehensive outcome of the whole extraction, production, distribution, use and waste of a product, and holds those profiting from these legally responsible for any outcome along the way.
Product stewardship 
 In the United States, there have been many class action suits that are effectively product stewardship liability - holding companies responsible for things the product does, which it was never advertised to do.
Product stewardship 
 Rather than let liability for these problems be taken up by the public sector or be haphazardly assigned one issue at a time to companies via lawsuits, many accounting reform efforts focus on achieving full cost accounting.
Product stewardship 
 This is the financial reflection of the comprehensive outcome - noting the gains and losses to all parties involved, not just those investing or purchasing.
Product stewardship 
 Those who advocate these measures are concerned with the later phases of product lifecycle and the comprehensive outcome of the whole production process.
Product stewardship 
 It is considered a pre-requisite to a strict service economy interpretation of (fictional, national, legal) "commodity" and "product" relationships.
Peace 
 In a larger sense, peace (or peacefulness) can mean a state of harmony, quiet or calm that is not disturbed by anything at all, like a still pond with no ripples.
Peace 
 One organization that was set up to bring peace among the nations and try to make war a thing of the past was the League of Nations after World War I.  When it did not stop World War II, it was replaced by the United Nations which tries to make the world peaceful.
Peace 
 This means that if any member is attacked or invaded by another country without attacking that country first, the other members will come to help the country that was attacked first.
Peace 
 This idea was used by the United Nations to defend both South Korea and Kuwait when they were attacked.
Peace 
 Martin Luther King, Jr. wrote in a letter he sent from the Birmingham jail that, "True peace is not merely the absence of tension: it is the presence of justice."
Peace 
 In other words, Real peace is more than just problems being gone: there must be fairness to have peace.
Peace 
 Alfred Nobel created an annual award, the Nobel Peace Prize, for the person who had done the most to bring peace to the world.
Peace 
 To get rid of suffering and get this peace, many try to follow a set of teachings called the Four Noble Truths
Peace 
 Jesus Christ (also called the "Prince of Peace" in the Book of Isaiah) said: "Peace I leave with you; my peace I give you.
Peace 
 Inner peace (or peace of mind) refers to a state of being mentally and spiritually at peace, with enough knowledge and understanding to keep oneself strong in the face of stress.
Peace 
 Peace of mind, serenity, and calmness are descriptions of a disposition free from the effects of stress.
Peace 
 In some cultures, inner peace is considered a state of consciousness or enlightenment that may be cultivated by various forms of training, such as prayer, meditation, Tai chi chuan or yoga, for example.
Peace 
 A movement that seeks to get ideals such as the ending of a particular war, minimize inter-human violence in a particular place or type of situation, often linked to the goal of achieving world peace.
Peace 
 Means to achieve these ends usually include advocacy of pacifism, non-violent resistance, conscientious objector, diplomacy, boycotts, moral purchasing, supporting anti-war political candidates, demonstrations, and lobbying to create legislation on human rights or of international law.
Peace 
 Many different theories of "peace" exist in the world of peace studies, which involves the study of conflict transformation.
Peace 
 Peace is a state of balance and understanding in yourself and between others, where respect is gained by the acceptance of differences, tolerance persists, conflicts are resolved through dialog, people's rights are respected and their voices are heard, and everyone is at their highest point of serenity without social tension.
Quebec 
 Quebec ( or ;  ) is a province in the eastern part Canada located between the Hudson Bay and the Gulf of Saint Lawrence.
Quebec 
 Unlike the other provinces, most people in Quebec speak French (Canadian French) and French is the only official language.
Quebec 
 There is a strong French-language culture, which includes French-language newspapers, magazines, movies, television and radio shows.
Quebec 
 Their culture and language, though, is different from that of France mainly because of Anglicization, having words that come from the larger English-speaking parts of Canada.
Quebec 
 The government of Quebec has its offices in the capital, Quebec City, which is one of the oldest cities in North America.
Quebec 
 The city with the most people in the province is Montreal, which is also the second-largest city in Canada.
Quebec 
 Quebec also has many companies that create products for information and communication technologies, aerospace, biotechnology, and health industries.
Quebec 
 Since Quebec is a mainly French-speaking province, most of the people there feel that it is very different from the rest of Canada, and want to keep it that way.
Quebec 
 He sailed into the St. Lawrence River in 1534 and established a colony near present-day Quebec City.
Quebec 
 Voyageurs, coureurs des bois, and Catholic missionaries used river canoes to explore the interior of the North American continent.