the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_embeddings huggingface dataset:
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Shadow of Chernobyl 
 It believed that by manipulating the noosphere that the more negative and destructive aspects of human consciousness, cognition, and emotion could be eliminated to create world peace and harmony.
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Shadow of Chernobyl 
 Unfortunately, in 2006 C-Consciousness's first major attempt to manipulate the Noosphere resulted in disaster.
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Shadow of Chernobyl 
 There was a massive explosion of both psychic and physical force, and the noosphere in the vicinity of the C-Consciousness lab was twisted and distorted.
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Shadow of Chernobyl 
 In much the same way that the biosphere can permanently alter the physical landscape of the earth, so manipulation of the noosphere can distort all manner of physical reality: mind over matter on a massive scale.
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Shadow of Chernobyl 
 This distortion of the noosphere powered by C-Consciousness and the machinery it was connected to created the anomalies and many of the mutants that inhabit the Zone in 2012.
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Shadow of Chernobyl 
 Desperate to correct its mistake and in order to shield itself from outside interference, especially the meddlesome "Stalkers" beginning to appear in the Zone, the C-Consciousness created an "Alien Monolith" in the center of the gutted Reactor 4, and used its ability to affect the minds of normal humans to create the "Monolith" cult, a group of heavily armed zealots whose tenets included worship of the Monolith and the prevention of "heretics" from approaching the remains of Chernobyl.
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Shadow of Chernobyl 
 They converted the Steel Yard radar facility near Pripyat into a powerful "Brain Scorcher" that would blast the mind of any unprotected human who approached too close, turning them into mindlessly aggressive zombies (while allowing C-Consciousness to select some individuals to brainwash into new members of Monolith).
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Shadow of Chernobyl 
 Finally, they used some of their agents (former Stalkers spread throughout the Zone) to disseminate stories of a "Wish Granter" at the heart of Chernobyl, ensuring that anyone who did manage to evade both the Monolith faction and the Brain Scorcher would be drawn to the Monolith and disposed of, rather than discovering the existence of the C-Consciousness lab.
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Shadow of Chernobyl 
 This lasted for several years, but the continued efforts of C-Consciousness were unable to repair the damage they had done to the Zone.
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Shadow of Chernobyl 
 In fact, the damage appeared to be getting worse, with "Blowouts" deepening the distortion of the noosphere around the Zone at irregular intervals.
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Shadow of Chernobyl 
 Still, the C-Consciousness entity persisted in its experiments, behind the shields of the Monolith and the Wish Granter myth, the Monolith faction's patrols, the Brain Scorcher, and the dangers of the Zone itself.
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Shadow of Chernobyl 
 Occasionally, though, special circumstances would require an agent, a human able to do what was needed to preserve the Zone's secrets without revealing the existence of the C-Consciousness project.
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Shadow of Chernobyl 
 In these cases, Stalkers who were tough and resourceful enough to make it to or past the Brain Scorcher would be captured, brainwashed, and sent back into the outer areas of the zone on one of the "Death Trucks."
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Shadow of Chernobyl 
 These agents were marked with the tattoo "S.T.A.L.K.E.R." This is where Strelok, the main character, enters the story.
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Shadow of Chernobyl 
 Strelok and his allies, Ghost, Fang, and Doc, were a group of Stalkers who had a particular interest in what exactly lay at the center of The Zone.
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Shadow of Chernobyl 
 At some point a few weeks before the start of the game, they managed to slip past the Brain Scorcher and all the way to the Nuclear Power Plant, finding the Monolith, an electronically locked vault door beneath the Monolith chamber (which leads to C-Consciousness), and documents hinting at the fact that the giant glowing Monolith was in fact a deliberate trap for anyone attempting to discover the secrets of the Zone.
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Shadow of Chernobyl 
 Unfortunately, they were forced to retreat, and their next attempt to penetrate into the heart of the Zone met with disaster.
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Shadow of Chernobyl 
 They had managed to obtain an electronic lockpick that would open the vault door, but this time the Monolith was ready for them and they were forced to retreat again, and their escape was further complicated by a blowout.
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Shadow of Chernobyl 
 This made for a perfect subject for the conditioning process for a human agent of the C-Consciousness entity.
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Shadow of Chernobyl 
 Ghost and Fang escaped, but Fang was seriously wounded and died before the pair made it out of Pripyat, with Ghost moving on to find "safer" work in the outer regions of the Zone.
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Shadow of Chernobyl 
 By this point, Strelok had become a serious threat to the security and secrecy of the C-Consciousness lab and the entity contained there, and it was decided that Strelok must be killed.
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Shadow of Chernobyl 
 However, due to unknown factors, C-Consciousness made a mistake: not realizing the identity of the man who had been caught in the blowout, they attempted to program him to kill Strelok, when in fact the man was Strelok.
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Shadow of Chernobyl 
 A second accident, the chance destruction of the Death Truck meant to carry this new agent back to the outer Zone, resulted in a loss of C-Consciousness control over him.
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Shadow of Chernobyl 
 The mission to kill himself led Strelok to retrace his steps through the past few weeks, tracking down his old associates and, over time, putting back together the evidence that had led him to become a danger to C-Consciousness in the first place.
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Shadow of Chernobyl 
 With the help of Doc to reveal his identity and to point him in the direction of a backup cache of documentation and another electronic lock pick, Strelok returned to Chernobyl and penetrated to the chamber under the "Monolith," destroying the projection device that created the illusion.
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Shadow of Chernobyl 
 C-Consciousness, having no other option, confronted him to offer an explanation of their actions, the nature of the Zone, and a choice: to join them, bolster their numbers, help them repair the harm they had caused and shepherd humanity's consciousness towards peace, or to face a final confrontation with the remaining forces of the Monolith Faction in an attempt to reach the heart of the real C-Consciousness Lab, in order to put a stop to their manipulations and machinations.
Desalination 
 Desalination means any process that removes the excess salt and other minerals from water in order to obtain fresh water suitable for animal consumption or irrigation.
Desalination 
 Desalination  of brackish water is done in the United States in order to meet treaty obligations for river water entering Mexico.
Desalination 
 Several Middle Eastern countries have energy reserves so great that they use desalinated water for agriculture.
Desalination 
 It uses multi-stage flash distillation, dual-purpose and it is capable of producing 300 million cubic meters of water per year.
Desalination 
 The traditional process used in these operations is vacuum distillation — essentially the boiling of water at less than atmospheric pressure, and thus a much lower temperature than normal.
Desalination 
 SDSU (San Diego State University) Center for Information Technology and Infrastructure (CITI) International Consortium of Advanced Technologies and Security
Desalination 
 Cheap Drinking Water from the Ocean - Carbon nanotube-based membranes will dramatically cut the cost of desalination
Solar energy 
 Today, it is also used to make electricity where other power supplies are not there, such as in places far away from where people live, and in outer space.
Solar energy 
 Because the Sun always gives heat and light, solar energy can be considered a renewable energy and an alternative to non-renewable resources like coila and teal.
Solar energy 
 After passing through the Earth's atmosphere, most of the Sun's energy is in the form of visible light and infrared light radiation.
Solar energy 
 Plants convert the energy in sunlight into chemical energy (sugars and starches) through the process of photosynthesis.
Solar energy 
 Humans regularly use this store of energy in various ways, as when they burn wood off fossil fuels, or when simply eating plants, fish and animals.
Solar energy 
 Solar radiation reaches the Earth's upper atmosphere with the power of 1366 watts per square meter (W/m2).
Solar energy 
 Since the Earth is round, the surface nearer its poles is angled away from the Sun and receives much less solar energy than the surface nearer the equator.
Solar energy 
 At present, solar cell panels convert, at best, about 15% of the sunlight hitting them into electricity.
Solar energy 
 The dark disks in the third diagram on the right are imaginary examples of the amount of land that, if covered with 8% efficient solar panels, would produce slightly more energy in the form of electricity than the world needed in 2003.
Solar energy 
 Solar power plants convert sunlight into electricity, either directly using photovoltaics (PV), or indirectly using concentrated solar power (CSP).
Solar energy 
 Concentrated solar power systems use lenses or mirrors and tracking systems to focus a large area of sunlight into a small beam.
Solar energy 
 Solar cooking uses the Sun as the source of energy instead of standard cooking fuels such as charcoal, coal or gas.
Solar energy 
 They are becoming widely used in areas of the developing world where deforestation is an issue, financial resources to purchase fuel are limited, and where open flames would pose a serious risk to people and the environment.
Solar energy 
 There are two basic types of active solar heating systems based on the type of fluid — either liquid or air — that is heated in the solar energy collectors. (
Solar energy 
 Liquid-based systems heat water or an antifreeze solution in a "hydronic" collector, whereas air-based systems heat air in an "air collector."
Solar energy 
 Sometimes the term solar cell is reserved for devices intended specifically to capture energy from sunlight, while the term photovoltaic cell is used when the light source is unspecified.
Solar energy 
 They have long been used in situations where electrical power from the grid is unavailable, such as in remote area power systems, Earth-orbiting satellites and space probes, consumer systems, e.g. handheld calculators or wrist watches, remote radiotelephones and water pumping applications.
Solar energy 
 of solar cells are combined in an arrangement called solar cell panel that can deliver enough electricity for practical use.
Solar energy 
 Electricity produced by solar panels can be stored in rechargeable solar batteries, which is then drawn upon when required.
Solar energy 
 Solar Energy Industries Association is the national trade association for the US solar energy industry and has information on current commercial technologies and market developments.
Solar energy 
 Direct solar U.S. Department of Energy: Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy - Thermal water splitting
Solar energy 
 Online article by scientist Jonathan G. Dorn, July 22-2008  The solar thermal power industry experienced a surge in 2007, with 100 megawatts of new capacity worldwide.
Solar energy 
 Applications of solar energy  Some different techniques to have to maximum utilization of the available solar power.
Photovoltaics 
 Photovoltaics (PVs) are arrays of cells containing a solar photovoltaic material that converts solar radiation or energy from the sun into direct current electricity.
Photovoltaics 
 Due to the growing demand for renewable energy sources, the manufacturing of solar cells and photovoltaic arrays has advanced considerably in recent years, and costs have dropped.
Photovoltaics 
 Solar photovoltaics are growing rapidly, from a small base, to a total global capacity of 130,000 MW at the end of 2013.
Photovoltaics 
 Installations may be ground-mounted (and sometimes integrated with farming and grazing) or built into the roof or walls of a building.
Photovoltaics 
 Like batteries, multiple solar panels can be connected together to produce higher voltages, for example, two 48 volt panels connected together would produce 96 volts.
Photovoltaics 
 The advantage of a higher-voltage system is that thinner wire is used, which is less expensive and easier to pull through conduit.
Photovoltaics 
 The disadvantage of a higher-voltage installation is that electric shock and arc flash become more of a hazard, so installations above 48 volts are usually only found in solar power plants or commercial buildings.
Photovoltaics 
 A photovoltaic installation typically includes an array of solar panels, an inverter, rechargeable batteries (for use at night), a charge controller (a device that prevents the batteries from over-charging), two GFCI circuit breakers (one before the inverter and one after), and interconnection wiring.
Photovoltaics 
 There is sometimes also a transformer after the inverter, which can power 240 volt heavy appliances such as a clothes dryer or oven.
Photovoltaics 
 Everything past the inverter (or transformer if there is one) is set up like a normal utility-fed installation (breaker panel, lights, outlets, switches, etc.).
Photovoltaics 
 Installations without a transformer must be labelled as such on the breaker panel to alert future electricians that 240 volt appliances can not be installed.
Photovoltaics 
 For safety reasons, DC wiring cannot be run in the same conduit as AC wiring, and DC outlets must not accept an AC plug and vice versa.
Photovoltaics 
 Photovoltaics are best known as a method for making electricity by using solar cells to change energy from the sun into a flow of electrons.
Photovoltaics 
 The first actual request of photovoltaics was to power orbiting satellites and other spacecrafts, but today the most photovoltaic modules are used for grid connected power creation.
Photovoltaics 
 In this case a tool called an inverter is required to convert the direct current to alternating current.
Photovoltaics 
 Cells require protection from the environment and are usually packaged tightly behind a glass sheet.
Photovoltaics 
 When more power is required than a single cell can give off, cells are electrically connected together to form photovoltaic modules, or solar panels.
Photovoltaics 
 A single module is enough to power an emergency telephone, but for a house or a power station the modules must be arranged in multiples as arrays.
Solar cell 
 They have long been used in situations where electrical power from the grid is unavailable, such as in remote area power systems, Earth-orbiting satellites and space probes, consumer systems, e.g. handheld calculators or wrist watches, remote radiotelephones and water pumping applications.
Solar cell 
 More recently, they are starting to be used in assemblies of solar modules connected to the electricity grid through an inverter, often in combination with net metering.
Solar cell 
 The first generation photovoltaic consists of a large-area, single layer p-n junction diode, which is capable of generating usable electrical energy from light sources with the wavelengths of sunlight.
Solar cell 
 First generation photovoltaic cells (also known as silicon wafer-based solar cells) are the dominant technology in the commercial production of solar cells, accounting for more than 86% of the solar cell market.
Solar cell 
 The second generation of photovoltaic materials is based on the use of thin-film deposits of semiconductors.
Solar cell 
 Later, the advantage of using a thin-film of material was noted, reducing the mass of material required for cell design.
Solar cell 
 Currently (2007) there are different technologies/semiconductor materials under investigation or in mass production, such as amorphous silicon, poly-crystalline silicon, micro-crystalline silicon, cadmium telluride, copper indium selenide/sulfide.
Solar cell 
 Typically, the efficiencies of thin-film solar cells are lower compared with silicon (wafer-based) solar cells, but manufacturing costs are also lower, so that a lower price in terms of $/watt of electrical output can be achieved.
Solar cell 
 Another advantage of the reduced mass is that less support is needed when placing panels on rooftops and it allows fitting panels on light materials or flexible materials, even textiles.
Solar cell 
 This allows for portable roll-up solar panels, which can fit in a backpack and be used to power cell phones or laptops in remote areas.
Solar cell 
 Third generation photovoltaics are very different from the other two, broadly defined as semiconductor devices which do not rely on a traditional p-n junction to separate photogenerated charge carriers.
Solar cell 
 These new devices include photoelectrochemical cells, Polymer solar cells, and nanocrystal solar cells.
Solar cell 
 Companies working on third generation photovoltaics include Xsunx, Konarka Technologies, Inc., Nanosolar and Nanosys.
Solar cell 
 Research is also being done in this area by the USA's National Renewable Energy Laboratory (http://www.nrel.gov/).
Solar cell 
 PVNET European Roadman for PV R&D  Ed Arnulf Jager-Waldan Office for Publications of the European Union 2004
Solar cell 
 Superefficient, Cost-Effective Solar Cell Breaks Conversion Records - 40.7 percent efficiency achieved (Scientific American, December 2006)
Solar cell 
 DIY (Do It Yourself): Nanocrystalline Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Kit Quote: "... sunlight-to-electrical energy conversion efficiency is between 1 and 0.5%..."
Alternating current 
 An alternating current (AC) is an electric current of which magnitude and direction vary, unlike direct current, whose direction remains constant.
Alternating current 
 This means that the direction of current flowing in a circuit is constantly being reversed back and forth.
Alternating current 
 The usual waveform of an AC power circuit is a sine wave, because this leads to the most efficient transmission of energy.
Alternating current 
 When one speaks of alternating current one mostly refers to the form in which electricity is delivered to businesses and residences.
Alternating current 
 The direction of the electricity switches back 60 times every second (or 50 times in some parts of the world).
Alternating current 
 In these applications, an important goal is often the recovery of information encoded (or modulated) onto the AC signal.
Alternating current 
 He invented an induction motor, new types of generators and transformers, and a system of alternating current power transmission.
Alternating current 
 William Stanley, Jr. designed one of the first practical devices to transfer AC power efficiently between isolated circuits.
Alternating current 
 Using pairs of coils wound on a common iron core, his design, called an induction coil, was an early precursor of the modern transformer.
Alternating current 
 Contributions were also made by George Westinghouse, Lucien Gaulard, John Dixon Gibbs,Wilhelm Siemens and Oliver Shallenger.
Alternating current 
 AC systems overcame the limitations of the direct current system used by Thomas Edison to distribute electricity efficiently over long distances.
Alternating current 
 Designed by Almirian Decker, it used 10,000 volt three-phase electric power which eventually became the standard method for power stations throughout the world.
Alternating current 
 DC power could be sent, but it would lose a lot of energy and you would have to put more work in it to send it great distances.
Alternating current 
 Alternating current works by switching the current many times back and forth constantly while it goes back to the source it came from.
Alternating current 
 Willam A. Meyers, History and Reflections on the Way Things Were: Mill Creek Power Plant - Making History with AC, IEEE Power Engineering Review, February 1997, Pages 22–24
Alternating current 
 The history of various frequencies and interconversion schemes in the US at the beginning of the 20th century
Direct current 
 Direct current (DC or "continuous current") is the flow of electricity in a single direction, from the negative to the positive terminals (potential, poles).
Direct current 
 The direct current always flow in the same direction, distinguishing it from the alternating current (AC).
Direct current 
 Batteries are some of the main sources of direct current (DC), but many other sources also exist such as bridge rectifiers in power supply, solar panels, etc.
Direct current 
 The first commercial electric power transmission was developed by Thomas Edison in the late nineteenth century using direct current.
Direct current 
 Today nearly all electric power distribution uses alternating current because of the advantages with transformers and transmission.
Direct current 
 For applications requiring direct current, the alternating current is typically distributed to a substation and then converted to direct current.
Direct current 
 Long after the usage of direct current had been established, physicists realized that the current was made of negative electric charges, the electrons, and that the actual flow was from the negative to the positive pole (and so-called "holes" flow in the opposite direction), but by convention, the usage of the term was never changed.
Snowmobile 
 Once you make a decision to stop a snowmobile, the distance it will take to stop will be a combination of the speed of the machine, weight of the machine and the available friction and or the mechanical damping (which will equal the effective drag factor) between the snowmobile and the surface on which it is trying to stop.
Snowmobile 
 If the surface is icy or hard-packed, the mechanical damping portion of the effective drag factor is decreased, leaving you with only the friction provided by the tread to stop.
Snowmobile 
 The correct amount and type of stud installed in an effective pattern will produce the best traction results.
The Remo Four 
 The Remo Four were a rock band from Liverpool, England, from the late 1950s and early 1960s, at the same time the Beatles were starting their musical careers.
The Remo Four 
 While the Beatles gained experience performing in Hamburg, Germany, the Remo Four played at American Air Force bases in France.
The Remo Four 
 Members of the two bands were friends, and often played at the same places back in Liverpool, or would go to watch each other perform.
The Remo Four 
 After the Beatles became famous under Brian Epstein's management, Epstein signed up the Remo Four also.
The Remo Four 
 Quickly retired from music, and the Remo Four went on to work with other singers, including Billy J. Kramer.
The Remo Four 
 The movie, Wonderwall, got little exposure, but the soundtrack album, Wonderwall Music, became a minor hit the next year.
Magnitude (mathematics) 
 The magnitude of a mathematical object is its size: a property by which it can be larger or smaller than other objects of the same kind.
Magnitude (mathematics) 
 In mathematical language one would say: It is an ordering of the class of objects to which it belongs.
Magnitude (mathematics) 
 They did not consider negative magnitudes to be meaningful, and magnitude is still primarily used in contexts in which zero is either the lowest size, or less than all possible sizes.
Magnitude (mathematics) 
 Real-world examples include the loudness of a sound (decibel), the brightness of a star, or the Richter scale of earthquake intensity.
Magnitude (mathematics) 
 Because magnitudes are often not linear, they usually cannot be added or subtract in a meaningful way.
Fraction (mathematics) 
 The top number tells us how many parts there are, and the bottom number tells us the total number of parts.
Fraction (mathematics) 
 A fraction is a mathematical expression relating two quantities or numbers, where one divides the other.