the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_embeddings huggingface dataset:
Russia 
 The President is chosen by direct election, but challenging candidates do not have access to the mass media, although they have full access to social media, internet news websites, and international media, and election results match domestic, international, and exit polling.
Russia 
 At , Russia is the largest country in the world, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area.
Russia 
 Extending from eastern Europe across the whole of northern Asia, Russia spans eleven time zones and has a wide range of environments and landforms.
Russia 
 Russia has the world's largest reserves of mineral and energy resources, and is the largest producer of oil and natural gas in the world.
Russia 
 Russia has the world's largest forest reserves, and its lakes contain about one-quarter of the world's fresh water.
Russia 
 Important issues are decided by the Federation President; lesser powers are given to the member republics.
Russia 
 According Steve White, the present government made it clear that they had no plans of making a "second edition" of the American or British political system, but rather a system that was closer to Russia's own traditions.
Russia 
 Richard Sakwa wrote that the Russian government is considered legitimate by the majority of the Russian people.
Russia 
 It seeks to deliver a set of public goods without trying to fit to extra-democratic logic to achieve them.
Russia 
 The other parties in the Duma (Russian parliament) do not criticize the government strongly, for fear of losing their places in the Duma.
Russia 
 Many opposition parties, such as the People's Freedom Party and the Other Russia, have been unable to register due to the strict rules.
Russia 
 In the 2000s the government led a war in Chechnya, and in the process, civil liberties and independent media were restricted.
Russia 
 Corruption is widespread and human rights, especially in the North Caucasus, are frequently violated.
Russia 
 In 2008 Putin's government was in a war with Georgia in a dispute over a region with many ethnic Russians.
Russia 
 The roots of Russia's history began when the East Slavs formed a group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD.
Russia 
 The Vikings and their descendants founded the first East Slavic state of Kievan Rus' in the 9th century.
Russia 
 This area served as the main force in later Russian unification and the fight against the Golden Horde from Asia.
Russia 
 Moscow slowly gained control of the regions around it and took over the cultural and political life of Kievan Rus'.
Russia 
 In the 18th century, the nation had expanded through conquest, annexation and exploration to become the Russian Empire, the third-largest empire in history.
Russia 
 In October 1917, the Bolsheviks (later called "Communists"), influenced by the ideas of Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin, took over the country and murdered the Tsar and other people who stood against them.
Russia 
 Once they took power, the Bolsheviks, under Vladimir Lenin and Leon Trotsky, created the first Marxist Communist State.
Russia 
 From the 1920s to the 1950s, Josef Stalin ruled as an absolute dictator of Soviet Russia, and destroyed anything and anyone that was against his rule, including taking the property of farmers and shopkeepers.
Russia 
 Stalin also removed, or "purged", all military personnel who were not loyal to him, and many were killed or sent to prison camps, or gulags, for many years.
Russia 
 The war lasted in Europe until May 1945, and Russia lost more than 20 million people during that time.
Russia 
 In spite of this large loss, Russia was one of the winners of the war and became a world superpower.
Russia 
 From 1922 to 1991, Russia was the largest part of the Soviet Union, or the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR).
Russia 
 Boris Yeltsin was made the President of Russia in June 1991, in the first direct presidential election in Russian history.
Russia 
 Radical changes "(shock therapy) were recommended by the United States and International Monetary Fund.
Russia 
 The privatization largely shifted control of enterprises from state agencies to individuals with inside connections in the government system.
Russia 
 Millions went into poverty, from 1.5% level of poverty in the late Soviet era to 39–49% by mid-1993.
Russia 
 Since the Chechen separatists declared independence in the early 1990s, a Chechen War was fought between the rebel groups and the Russian military.
Russia 
 Russia took responsibility for settling the USSR's external debts, even though its population made up just half of the population of the USSR at the time of its dissolution.
Russia 
 Putin stopped the Chechen rebellion quickly, but violence still occurs in the Northern Caucasus at times.
Russia 
 High oil prices and initially weak currency followed by increasing domestic demand, consumption and investments has helped the economy grow for nine straight years.
Russia 
 While many reforms made during the Putin presidency have been criticized by Western nations as un-democratic, Putin's leadership led to stability, and progress.
Russia 
 On 2 March 2008, Dmitry Medvedev was elected President of Russia, whilst Putin became Prime Minister.
Russia 
 Putin returned to the presidency following the 2012 presidential elections, and Medvedev was appointed Prime Minister.
Russia 
 The second biggest city is Saint Petersburg, which was the capital of Russia in the 18th and 19th centuries.
Russia 
 The most eastern point of Russia is Diomid island, 35 km from Chukotka (Russia) and  from Alaska (USA).
Russia 
 The population is most dense in the European part of the country, centering around Moscow and Saint Petersburg.
Russia 
 World-renowned composers of the 20th century included Alexander Scriabin, Igor Stravinsky, Sergei Rachmaninoff, Sergei Prokofiev, and Dmitri Shostakovich.
Russia 
 Russia has produced some of the greatest pianists: Anton Rubinstein, Vladimir Horowitz and Vladimir Ashkenazy are among the all-time greats.
Russia 
 The impressario Sergei Diaghilev was responsible for the development of ballet in the early 20th century with the Ballets Russes.
Russia 
 Other famous poets and writers of the 19th century were Anton Chekhov, Mikhail Lermontov, Leo Tolstoy, Nikolai Gogol (he was born in what is now Ukraine, but during his lifetime Ukraine was a part of Russia), Ivan Turgenev and Fyodor Dostoyevsky.
Russia 
 Three Russians won the Nobel Prize for Literature in the 20th century: Boris Pasternak (1958), Mikhail Sholokhov (1965) and Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn (1980).
Russia 
 Sports people to gain world fame include former tennis world number one Maria Sharapova, who has won three Grand Slam titles, and was the world's highest paid female athlete in 2008.
Russia 
 Since the 1952 Olympic Games, Soviet and later Russian athletes are in the three in gold medals collected at the Summer Olympics.
Russia 
 The 1980 Summer Olympic Games were held in Moscow while the 2014 Winter Olympics were hosted in Sochi.
Russia 
 For the 2018 Winter Olympics which were held in Pyeongchang, South Korea, a lot of athletes could not compete because the International Olympic Committee found out they had been doping.
Russia 
 Those who were not caught doping were able to play in the 2018 Olympics under the title of "Olympic Athletes from Russia", and they took home two gold medals, including one in ice hockey.
Russia 
 In the 20th century there were nine Russian World Chess Champions, more than all other nations combined.
Moscow 
 11.5 million people live there (1 October 2010), so it is Europe's biggest city, if Istanbul, which has parts of its population in Asia, is discluded.
Moscow 
 Moscow is an important political, cultural, economic, religious, financial and transportation center.
Moscow 
 Many of the buildings in Moscow, like St. Basil's Cathedral and Spasskaya Tower, are very beautiful and famous.
Moscow 
 Moscow has many scientific and educational buildings, as well as some sports complexes built for the 1980 Summer Olympics.
Moscow 
 Transport includes four international airports, nine railroad stations and the second busiest (after Tokyo) metro system in the world, which is famous for its artwork.
Moscow 
 Over time, the city has earned a variety of nicknames, most referring to its pre-eminent status in the nation: The Third Rome (Третий Рим), Whitestone (Белокаменная), The First Throne (Первопрестольная), The Forty Forties (Сорок Сороков), The Port of five seas (Порт пяти морей).
Moscow 
 It was once the capital of the Soviet Union (1918-1991), Russian Empire, Tsardom of Russia and the Grand Duchy of Moscow (1480-1703).
Moscow 
 It is the place of the Moscow Kremlin, one of the World Heritage Sites in the city, which is the home of the President of Russia.
Moscow 
 The Russian parliament (the State Duma and the Federation Council of Russia (Federation Council) and the Government of Russia also are in Moscow.
Moscow 
 In 2008 Moscow was named the world's most expensive city for non-Russian workers for the third year in a row.
Moscow 
 One is that the name might be from a very old Finnic language, in which it means "dark" and "cloudy".
Moscow 
 The first Russian reference to Moscow is from 1147 when Yuri Dolgoruki called upon the prince of Novgorod-Severski to "come to me, brother, to Moscow."
Moscow 
 Nine years later, in 1156, Prince Yuri Dolgoruki ordered the building of a wooden wall, which had to be redone many times, to go around the growing city.
Moscow 
 After the attack of 1237–1238, when the Mongols burned the city to the ground and killed its people living there, Moscow grew back and became the capital of the Vladimir-Suzdal principality (an amount of land ruled by a prince) in 1327.
Moscow 
 Moscow turned into a peaceful and rich principality, known as the Grand Duchy of Moscow, for many years and a large number of people from across Russia moved to live there.
Moscow 
 Under Ivan I the city replaced Tver as a political center of Vladimir-Suzdal and became the only collector of taxes for the Mongol-Tatar rulers.
Moscow 
 Unlike other principalities, Moscow was not divided among his sons but was passed whole to his oldest.
Moscow 
 In 1380, prince Dmitry Donskoy of Moscow led a Russian army to an important victory over the Tatars in the Battle of Kulikovo.
Moscow 
 In 1480, Ivan III finally broke the Russians free from Tatar control, allowing Moscow to become the center of power in Russia.
Moscow 
 Under Ivan III the city became the capital of an empire that would eventually include all of  Russia and other countries.
Moscow 
 In 1609 the Swedish army, led by Count Jacob De la Gardie and Evert Horn, marched from Veliky Novgorod toward Moscow to help Tsar Vasili Shuiski.
Moscow 
 During the Polish–Muscovite War (1605–1618) hetman (army commander) Stanisław Żółkiewski entered Moscow after he defeated the Russians in the Battle of Klushino.
Moscow 
 The 17th century had lots of revolutions, such as the Salt Riot (1648), the Copper Riot (1662), and the Moscow Uprising of 1682.
Moscow 
 The city stopped being Russia’s capital in 1712, after the building of Saint Petersburg by Peter the Great near the Baltic coast in 1703.
Moscow 
 The Plague of 1771 was the last big plague in central Russia, killing 100,000 people in Moscow alone.
Moscow 
 During the French invasion of Russia in 1812, the Muscovites burned the city and ran away, as Napoleon’s army was coming near to the city on 14 September.
Moscow 
 Napoleon’s army, which was very hungry and cold, had to leave and was nearly destroyed by the freezing Russian winter and some attacks by the army.
Moscow 
 After the Russian Revolution of 1917, on 12 March 1918 Moscow became the capital of the Soviet Union.
Moscow 
 During World War II (known in Russia as the Great Patriotic War), after the German invasion of the USSR, the Soviet State Defense Group and commanders of the Red Army were placed in Moscow.
Moscow 
 In 1941, 16 groups of national volunteers (more than 160,000 people), twenty-five battalions (18,500 people) and four engineering regiments were created among the Muscovites.
Moscow 
 That November, the German Army was stopped at the edge of the city and then driven off in the Battle of Moscow.
Moscow 
 Many factories were moved away, and much of the government was too, and from 20 October the city was declared to be under siege.
Moscow 
 Joseph Stalin (the leader of Russia) did not leave the city, so the general staff remained in the city as well.
Moscow 
 Even with a siege going on, the construction of the Moscow Metro system continued through the war, and by the end of the war a few new metro lines were open.
Moscow 
 On 1 May 1944, a medal For the defence of Moscow and in 1947 another medal In memory of the 800th year of Moscow were given to Moscow.
Moscow 
 In commemoration of the 20th anniversary of the victory over Nazi Germany, on 8 May 1965, Moscow became one of twelve Soviet cities awarded the title of Hero City.
Moscow 
 In 1980, Moscow hosted the Summer Olympic Games, which the United States and several other countries did not go to because of the Soviet Union's war in Afghanistan in the end of 1979.
Moscow 
 In 1991, Moscow was the scene of a failed overthrow attempt by government members opposed to Mikhail Gorbachev.
Moscow 
 Since then, the beginning of a market economy in Moscow has caused an explosion of Western-style stores, services, architecture, and lifestyles.
Canton of St. Gallen 
 The cantons Appenzell Innerrhoden and Appenzell Ausserrhoden are inside the canton St. Gallen (the canton St.Gallen sourrounds them).
Saarland 
 In 1920, the Treaty of Versailles made Saarland from parts of the Prussian Rhine Province () and the Rhine Palatinate ().
Saarland 
 In the south is France, in the north-west Luxembourg and in the north and east is Rhineland-Palatinate.
1974 
 March 3 – a Turkish Airlines DC-10 crashes outside Paris, France, killing all 346 people on board; the cause of the crash was a design flaw in the plane's rear cargo door.
1974 
 July 15- Christine Chubbock, a TV host in Sarasota, Florida commits suicide during the taping of her show live on air.
1974 
 December 19 – Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh becomes the fifth President of Ireland, in a state inauguration in Dublin Castle
Saturn (disambiguation) 
 Saturn Award, honors the top works in science fiction, fantasy, and horror in movie, television, and home video
Saturn (disambiguation) 
 Perry Saturn (born 1966), retired American professional wrestler who is best known for wrestling with WWF and Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW)
Iceland 
 Iceland (; ) is an island country in the North Atlantic, between Greenland and Norway, formerly a possession of Denmark.
Iceland 
 When Germany took over Denmark on April 9 1940, the Althing decided that Icelandic’s  should rule the country themselves, but they did not declare independence yet.
Iceland 
 British and later American soldiers occupied Iceland to prevent it from being attacked by the Germans.
Iceland 
 After World War II, Iceland became a member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), but not of the European Union.
Iceland 
 Between 1958 and 1976, there were three debates between Iceland and the United Kingdom about the rights to catch codfish.
Iceland 
 Since the 2013 election, the center-right Independence Party and Progressive Party are the biggest political parties in Iceland.
Iceland 
 Other powerful parties in Iceland include the center-left Social Democratic Alliance and Left-Green Movement.
Iceland 
 Before 2003, the constituencies were the same as regions, but this was changed because it meant that a vote in Reykjavik meant less than one in a rural area.
Iceland 
 Despite effort to diversify, particularly into the travel industry, seafood exports continue to account for nearly three-quarters of merchandise exports and approximately half of all foreign exchange earnings.
Iceland 
 Geothermal Energy produces the vast majority of Electrical Power consumed on Iceland, due chiefly to the island's position atop the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and exhibits plentiful hot water reservoirs and geysers.
Iceland 
 This has the effect of drastically reducing the price of electricity in Iceland, and has attracted several energy-intensive industries.
Iceland 
 Aluminum Smelting (The reduction of Aluminum ores to Aluminum metal) is the largest energy-intensive manufacturing sector in Iceland, and the country produced over 800,000 Metric Tonnes per Year in 2013, making it the 10th largest producer of Aluminum metal worldwide.
Iceland 
 Iceland is very geologically active and combined with large amounts of rain and snow caused by the warm waters of the gulf stream current which flow toward it, many interesting and unusual geographic features have developed which make it different from any other island so close to the Arctic Circle.
Iceland 
 Some of these features are Iceland's numerous mountains, volcanoes, hot springs, rivers, small lakes, waterfalls, glaciers, and geysers.
Iceland 
 The word geyser is, in fact, derived from Geysir, the name of a particularly famous geyser on the southern side of the island.
Iceland 
 Glaciers cover approximately 11% of the island and the largest, Vatnajökull, is up to 1 km thick and, by far, the largest glacier in Europe.
Iceland 
 Iceland, though considered to be a European country, sits partly in North America since it straddles the Mid-Atlantic Ridge which marks the boundary between the Eurasian and North American tectonic plates.
Iceland 
 The ridge runs directly through the populated Reykjavik and Thingvellir historic areas, and the tectonic activity of these plates separating is the source of the abundant geothermal energy in the region.
Iceland 
 Other important towns in Iceland are Akureyri, Kópavogur, Hafnarfjörður, Keflavík, Seyðisfjörður and Vestmannaeyjar.
Iceland 
 The language has not changed much in 1,000 years, so Icelanders are still able to read the sagas about the Vikings without many problems.
Iceland 
 Iceland has the highest birth rate in Europe, highest divorce rate and the highest percentage of women working outside their home.
Iceland 
 Children get the first name of their father (sometimes mother) with -s+son if it's a boy, and -s+dóttir if it's a girl.
Iceland 
 Jón Stefánsson's daughter Kata would not have the last name Stefánsson, she would have the name Jónsdóttir.
Iceland 
 In most countries people use to call other people by their surname, but in Iceland people call other people by their first name.
1965 
 March 7 – Bloody Sunday: Alabama State Troopers attack civil rights demonstrators as they attempt to march to the state capitol of Montgomery
1965 
 May 25 – Muhammad Ali knocks out Sonny Liston in the first round of their championship boxing rematch
1965 
 Nobel Prize in Physics shared by Sin-Itiro Tomonaga, Julian Schwinger, and Richard P. Feynman for work in the development of quantum electrodynamics
1965 
 Nobel Prize in Chemistry won by Robert B. Woodward, American chemist (for his synthetic work with natural products)
1965 
 Doctor Zhivago, starring Omar Sharif, Julie Christie, Geraldine Chaplin, Rod Steiger, and Alec Guinness
1969 
 February 3 – Yasser Arafat becomes Palestinian Liberation Organization leader at the Palestinian National Congress.
1969 
 April 9 – Around 300 students take over Harvard University, because they do not like the Vietnam War being fought.
1969 
 May 20 – National Guard helicopters spray skin-stinging powder on Vietnam War protesters in California.
1969 
 July 16–24 – The Apollo 11 mission makes Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin the first people on the Moon.
1969 
 October 15 – Hundreds of thousands of people across the US protest against the Vietnam War by not going to work.
1969 
 December 1 – The United States holds the first "draft lottery", to pick who is going to be sent to fight in Vietnam.
1969 
 Nobel Prize in Physics – Murray Gell-Mann, American physicist (for his work on the theory of elementary particles)
Saarbrücken 
 Saarbrücken (;  ; Rhine Franconian: Saarbrigge [zaːˈbʁɪɡə]; ) is a German city and a district in the state of Saarland.
Russian language 
 It is also spoken in by many people in other parts of the former Soviet Union, such as in Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Latvia, Lithuania, Turkmenistan and Estonia.
Russian language 
 Written Russian does not use the Latin alphabet that English and the West Slavic languages do - some people do however, learn to write it in Latin letters.
Russian language 
 It mostly uses the Cyrillic alphabet, whose letters, like those of Latin, came from Greek, but are different from them.
Russian language 
 The other East Slavic languages and some of the South Slavic languages use the Cyrillic alphabet as well.
Russian language 
 It is one of the six official languages of the United Nations, along with English, Spanish, French, Arabic, and Chinese.
Russian language 
 In some ways, Standard Russian was also like the Russian used in government offices in earlier centuries.
Russian language 
 The grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation of Russian became stable and were standardized at the end of the 18th century and during the 19th century.
Russian language 
 That was called the "Golden Age" of Russian literature because it was a good period for the subject, which became very famous across the world.
Russian language 
 All of Russia began to use Russian as the language of literature, education, and official communication.
Russian language 
 Standard Russian replaced them almost completely especially to talk to people from different oblasts.
Russian language 
 A man whose family name is Romanov would have a son with the family name Romanov and a daughter with the family name Romanova.
Russian language 
 If a man's name is Nikolai Alexandrovich Romanov and has a son, Aleksei, and a daughter, Anastasia, the son's full name is Aleksei Nikolaevich Romanov, and the daughter's full name is Anastasia Nikolaevna Romanova.
Russian language 
 Some examples are Glushko (a Ukrainian name), Rubinstein (a German/Jewish name) or Shevardnadze (a Georgian name).
Russian language 
 In Russian, it applies to nouns, pronouns, adjectives, numerals and participles with a set of word endings (sounds/letters attached to the ends of words) that show the grammatical roles of words in a sentence.
Russian language 
 The prepositional case is used after certain prepositions, such as "in" and "on", but other prepositions may require the use of other cases.
Russian language 
 Masculine nouns usually end in consonants, neutral nouns usually end in -o or -e, and feminine nouns usually end in -a or -я.
1978 
 January 14 – The Sex Pistols played their final show (until a 1996 reunion) at San Francisco's Winterland
1978 
 The duo of Jake & Elwood Blues (John Belushi and Dan Aykroyd) are introduced by Paul Shaffer (as Don Kirschner) and perform "Hey Bartender"
1978 
 April 26 – Ringo Starr's, Ringo, a musical version of The Prince and the Pauper airs on American television.
1978 
 May 8 – Reinhold Messner and Peter Habeler are the first humans on the Mount Everest without oxygen tanks
1978 
 August 26 – The first Canada Jam Festival is held in Ontario, featuring sets by the Doobie Brothers, the Commodores, Kansas, Dave Mason, and the Atlanta Rhythm Section
1982 
 January 15 – K.C. and the Sunshine Band's Harry Wayne Casey is seriously injured in an automobile accident in Miami, Florida.
1982 
 January 17 – Tommy Tucker, writer of "Hi Heel Sneakers", dies of carbon tetrachloride poisoning sustained while he was finishing floors in his home.
1982 
 January 21 – B.B. King donates his personal record collection, which includes nearly 7,000 rare blues records, to the University of Mississippi's Center for the Study of Southern Culture.
1982 
 February 13 – A 300-pound gravestone from the grave of Lynyrd Skynyrd singer Ronnie Van Zant is stolen from an Orange Park, Florida cemetery.
1982 
 March 5 – Comedian and Blues Brother John Belushi is found dead of an apparent drug overdose in the Chateau Marmont Hotel in Los Angeles, California.
1982 
 March 19 – Ozzy Osbourne's lead guitarist, Randy Rhoads is killed in a freak accident in Leesburg, Florida when the plane he's riding in buzzes Osbourne's tour bus and crashes into a house.