the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_embeddings huggingface dataset:
Coral 
 Ejection increases the polyp's chance of surviving short-term stress—they can regain algae, possibly of a different species, at a later time.
Coral 
 Each different kind of coral colony builds a different kind of skeleton, so that colonies can be shaped like a brain, a mushroom, a cabbage, or many other things.
Coral 
 With all these corals gathered together building skeletons around themselves, large coral formations are made.
Coral 
 Coral Reefs and Hard Grounds information  from the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission Fish and Wildlife Research Institute
Sweyn I of Denmark 
 Sweyn I, or Sweyn Forkbeard, (17 April 963 - 3 February 1014)  was King of Denmark from about 985-3 February 1014 and King of England from 25 December 1013-3 February 1014.
Sweyn I of Denmark 
 Sweyn invaded England many times between 990 and 1013, when his army took control of London on Christmas day.
Sweyn I of Denmark 
 Sweyn briefly became King of England until he died 40 days later on 3 February 1014 after being hurt in a fall from his horse.
Dollars trilogy 
 The Dollars trilogy, also known as The Man with No Name trilogy, refers to the three Spaghetti Westerns starring Clint Eastwood and directed by Sergio Leone:
Blue Line International 
 It has been sailing together with the passenger ship Split 1700 for several years on Blue Line's regular route.
Footballer 
 During a game, each team uses 11 players with the compulsory presences of a goalkeeper and a captain.
Footballer 
 Despite each role requests different skills and moves, every footballer has a common objective: scoring goals.
Tex Avery 
 Frederick Bean "Tex" Avery (February 26, 1908 – August 26, 1980) was an American animator, cartoonist and director.
Tex Avery 
 His had an effect on almost all of the animated cartoon series by various studios in the 1940s and 1950s.
Edgar the Atheling 
 Edgar the Aethling (or Edgar the Ætheling, c. 1051 – c. 1126) was a claimant to the throne of England in 1066 after Edward the Confessor died.<ref>"Atheling" means "prince of the royal family</ref> Edgar was a popular choice among the English, because he was English and a grandson of Edmund Ironside.
Edgar the Atheling 
 Edward the Confessor, who had no children, had promised the throne to his nephew Edward the Exile, his nearest living relative.
Edgar the Atheling 
 In 1057, the king's messengers found Edward The Exile, his wife Agatha, their two daughters and son Edgar living in Hungary.
Edgar the Atheling 
 When Edward the Confessor died Edgar was still young (15 years old) and had no experience, money or soldiers.
Edgar the Atheling 
 Royal succession in Anglo-Saxon England was determined by the Witenagemot (Witan), a council of wise men.
Edgar the Atheling 
 The first thing the Witan did was choose Edward's brother-in-law, Harold Godwinson to be the next king.
Edgar the Atheling 
 On the same day Edward, the Confessor was buried, Harold Godwinson was hurriedly crowned king at Westminster Abbey.
Edgar the Atheling 
 It was thought a second army could be raised to fight the Normans if they had a king whose name could unite England.
Edgar the Atheling 
 To make things easier for his representatives left to govern England, he took Edgar and others with him.
Edgar the Atheling 
 Along with Malcolm, Edgar took part in several military campaigns against William, now King of England.
Edgar the Atheling 
 Edgar was a direct descendant of a line of Wessex kings that the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle'' traced back to the dynasty's supposed 6th century founder, Cerdic, a descent that includes Alfred the Great.
Edgar the Atheling 
 His grandfather, great-grandfather and great-great-grandfather were all Kings of England before Cnut the Great took the crown.
Edgar of England 
 Edgar was recognized as king north of the Thames by Mercian nobles in 958, and officially took the throne when Edwy died in October 959.
Edgar of England 
 Immediately Edgar recalled Dunstan from exile and made him successively Bishop of Worcester, then of London and finally Archbishop of Canterbury.
Sauropsid 
 Sauropsids are a group of land vertebrates which includes all existing "reptiles" and birds and their fossil ancestors.
Sauropsid 
 They are one of the two groups which evolved from egg-laying amniotes in the first part of the Carboniferous period.
Sauropsid 
 Extinct sauropsids include non-avian dinosaurs, pterosaurs, plesiosaurs, ichthyosaurs, and many others.
Sauropsid 
 Clear fossil tetrapod tracks from the mid-Devonian predate previous tetrapod records by 18 million years.
Sauropsid 
 They lived in swampy habitats like shallow wetlands, coastal lagoons, brackish river deltas, and even shallow marine sediments.
Sauropsid 
 Between the lobe-finned fish tetrapods and the first amphibia and amniotes in the Middle Carboniferous lies a gap of 30 million years, with few satisfactory tetrapod fossils.
Sauropsid 
 It is not right to say "mammals evolved from reptiles" because both groups derived from early amniotes.
Conservation status 
 The conservation status of a species shows how likely it is for that species to survive now or in the future.
Conservation status 
 Many factors affect the conservation status of a species: the number remaining, the overall increase or decrease in the population over time, breeding success rates, known threats, and others.
Abstract algebra 
 The purpose of the theory of each concept is to organize the precise definition of the concept, examples of it, its substructures, the ways to relate different examples of the concept algebraically (these are called morphisms in some cases), and the concept's applications, both inside its own theory and outside in other areas of mathematics.
Abstract algebra 
 Algebras are about finding or specifying rules on how to calculate with certain mathematical formulas and expressions.
Abstract algebra 
 Quadratic and higher-degree equations and Diophantine equations - especially when Fermat's last theorem was proved led to the definition of rings, and ideals.
Abstract algebra 
 Allenby, R. B. J. T. (1991), Rings, Fields and Groups, Butterworth-Heinemann, ISBN 978-0-340-54440-2
Abstract algebra 
 Gilbert, Jimmie; Gilbert, Linda (2005), Elements of Modern Algebra, Thomson Brooks/Cole, ISBN 978-0-534-40264-8
Abstract algebra 
 Sethuraman, B. A. (1996), Rings, Fields, Vector Spaces, and Group Theory: An Introduction to Abstract Algebra via Geometric Constructibility, Berlin, New York: Springer-Verlag, ISBN 978-0-387-94848-5
Abstract algebra 
 W. Keith Nicholson (2012) Introduction to Abstract Algebra, 4th edition, John Wiley & Sons ISBN 978-1-118-13535-8 .
Geodesic 
 Paths on a sphere are also called great circles, such that in this case, two points are joined by two distinct geodesics.
Geodesic 
 A minimal geodesic (or segment) is a particular case where the geodesic joining two distant points has the shortest length.
Anarcho-syndicalism 
 Anarcho-syndicalists do not take part in indirect action, like electing a representative to a government position.
Trotskyism 
 This is a different way of seeing the ideas of Karl Marx than the way other communists like Mao Zedong and Joseph Stalin saw them.
Trotskyism 
 The biggest difference is in Trotsky's idea that there needs to be an international "permanent revolution".
Trotskyism 
 A permanent revolution is the idea that proletarian revolution needed to spread in countries worldwide, even where capitalism was not as advanced as only the proletarian revolution could carry out the tasks of the unfinished bourgeois revolutions in these countries.
Trotskyism 
 This is different to the Stalinist idea of trying to preserve a single nation's revolution from within.
Trotskyism 
 The largest Trotskyist organizations today are the  Reunified Fourth International, International Socialist Tendency, the International Communist League, and the  Committee for a Workers' International.
A Fistful of Dollars 
 A Fistful of Dollars (1964) is a Spaghetti Western movie directed by Sergio Leone and starring Clint Eastwood.
A Fistful of Dollars 
 It is the first movie in the Dollars trilogy and was the first Spaghetti Western to be released in the United States.
A Fistful of Dollars 
 The second movie in the Dollars Trilogy is For a Few Dollars More; the third is The Good, the Bad and the Ugly.
For a Few Dollars More 
 For a Few Dollars More (1965) is a Spaghetti Western movie directed by Sergio Leone and starring Clint Eastwood.
For a Few Dollars More 
 The first movie in the trilogy is A Fistful of Dollars; the third is The Good, the Bad and the Ugly.
The Good, the Bad and the Ugly 
 The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (1966) is a Spaghetti Western movie directed by Sergio Leone and starring Clint Eastwood.
The Good, the Bad and the Ugly 
 It is the third and final movie in the Dollars trilogy and was released in the United States in 1967.
Ennio Morricone 
 Ennio Morricone (November 10, 1928 – July 6, 2020) was an Italian classical composer famous for making movie scores.
XTC 
 XTC was best known in their home country of England, but they had some fame in other countries like the United States.
XTC 
 Some of XTC's other hit songs include "Making Plans For Nigel", "Senses Working Overtime", and "Are You Receiving Me".
XTC 
 The reason for that is because Andy Partridge sometimes got very nervous performing on stage in front of thousands of people.
Roh Moo-hyun 
 After retirement from Cheongwadae, he was residing in Bongha Maeul, Gimhae, Gyeongsangnam-do until death.
Kim Young-sam 
 Kim Young-sam (December 20, 1927 – November 22, 2015) was the President of the South Korea from February 25, 1993 to February 25, 1998.
Kim Young-sam 
 Kim died in a hospital in Seoul, South Korea from heart failure caused by a blood infection, aged 87.
Roh Tae-woo 
 Roh Tae-woo (4 December 1932 – 26 October 2021), was the sixth President of South Korea (1988–1993).
Roh Tae-woo 
 A member of the Hanahoi, Roh was the hand-picked successor of the ex-general and president Chun Doo-hwan.
Roh Tae-woo 
 Roh agreed to hold democratic presidential elections, making himself a candidate for the next election.
Roh Tae-woo 
 The opposition split the votes between Kim Young-sam and Kim Dae-jung (both of whom later became presidents).
Roh Tae-woo 
 Roh's rule was notable for hosting the Seoul Olympics in 1988 and for his foreign policy of nordpolitik.
Roh Tae-woo 
 In 1993, Roh's successor Kim Young-sam led an anti-corruption campaign that saw Roh and Chun Doo-hwan on trial for bribery.
Roh Tae-woo 
 The two former presidents were later charged with mutiny and treason for their part in the 1979 coup and the 1980 Gwangju Riot.
Chun Doo-hwan 
 Chun Doo-hwan (6 March 1931 – 23 November 2021) was a Korean military officer and the President of South Korea from 1980 to 1988.
Chun Doo-hwan 
 Chun was later pardoned by President Kim Young-sam on the advice of then President-elect Kim Dae-jung, who was sentenced to death by Chun some 20 years earlier.
Chun Doo-hwan 
 On 12 December 1979, in what became known as the Incident of December 12th, Chun ordered the arrest of Army Chief of Staff General Chung Sung Hwa (정승화, 鄭昇和) without authorization from then-President Choi Kyu-ha.
Chun Doo-hwan 
 By the next morning, Chun and his fellow military academy graduates Roh Tae-woo and Jeong Ho-yong were in charge of the Korean military.
Chun Doo-hwan 
 On 17 May 1980, Chun placed the entire country under martial law and disbanded the National Assembly.
Chun Doo-hwan 
 Choi resigned in August, and Chun was elected his successor by the National Conference for Unification, the South Korean electoral college, in September.
Chun Doo-hwan 
 In February 1981, Chun was elected president under a revised constitution as the candidate of the Democratic Justice Party (later renamed Democratic Republican Party).
Chun Doo-hwan 
 The 1981 constitution was less authoritarian than its 1972 predecessor, the Yushin Constitution, but still granted very broad powers to the president.
Chun Doo-hwan 
 However, there was much anger and hatred against Chun's regime by left-wing students who later became known as 386s.
Chun Doo-hwan 
 In the same month, U.S. President Ronald Reagan sent a letter to Chun in support of the creation of "democratic institutions."
Chun Doo-hwan 
 This included direct presidential elections, restoration of banned politicians including Kim Dae-jung, and other liberalizing measures.
Chun Doo-hwan 
 During Chun's visit to Rangoon, Burma (now Myanmar) in 1983, a bomb exploded at a mausoleum he was about to visit.
Chun Doo-hwan 
 While no firm evidence of North Korean involvement has been found, they are widely thought to be responsible.
Chun Doo-hwan 
 On December 16, they were also found guilty of treason and mutiny as part of their takeover of power.
Chun Doo-hwan 
 Chun died at his home in Seoul, on 23 November 2021 from cardiac arrest caused by blood cancer, aged 90.
Choi Kyu-ha 
 Choi Kyu-hah (July 16, 1919 – October 22, 2006) (also spelled Choi Kyu-ha) was the President of South Korea between 1979 and 1980.
Choi Kyu-ha 
 After the assassination of Park Chung Hee in 1979, Choi, the prime minister of South Korea at the time, took power.
Choi Kyu-ha 
 Because of the unrest of Park's authoritarian rule, Choi promised a new constitution and democratic elections (many thought that the elections led by Park were flawed).
Choi Kyu-ha 
 In December 1979, Major General Chun Doo-hwan and close allies in the military staged a military coup against Choi's government.
Choi Kyu-ha 
 In April 1980, because of increasing pressure from Chun and other politicians, Choi appointed Chun as head of the Korean Central Intelligence Agency, giving him enormous power.
Choi Kyu-ha 
 In May, Chun declared martial law and removed all trappings of civilian government, becoming the de facto ruler of the country.
Choi Kyu-ha 
 The protests in Gwangju continued, resulting in the Gwangju Massacre, where over 200 civilians were killed within five days by Chun's military.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 Pak Chŏng Hŭi (sometimes spelled: Park Chung-hee) (November 14, 1917 – October 26, 1979) was the dictator of South Korea from 1961 until he was assassinated.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 His formative years coincided with the Japanese invasion of China, starting with the Manchurian incident in 1931 and culminating in all-out war in 1937.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 He went on to teach for several years in Mungyeong, where the school has been preserved as a museum.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 Pak won admission to a two-year training program in Manchukuo, the Japanese puppet state in Manchuria.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 Pak had served as a lieutenant in the Kantogun, part of the Imperial Japanese Army, in Manchuria, fighting Mao Zedong's Chinese Communist forces.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 Although the Kantogun also carried out actions against Korean guerrillas, it's improbable that Pak participated in such action since there were no Korean guerrillas in the region at the time of his brief deployment.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 In the aftermath of Japan's defeat in World War II, under his communist elder brother's influence, Pak joined a communist group, the South Korean Workers' Party, in the American occupation zone, which later became South Korea.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 Pak was involved in a rebellion in Yeosu and Suncheon, Jeollanam-do, led by units of the new American-supported army.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 Pak was arrested and sentenced to death, but released soon after revealing the names of communist participants to the South Korean authorities.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 However; the outbreak of the Korean War enabled him to be reinstated, and he served the new country fighting against the communists.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 Syngman Rhee, the first president of the Republic of (South) Korea, was forced out of office on April 26, 1960 as an aftermath of the April 19 Movement, a student-led uprising.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 This was a short-lived period of parliamentary rule in South Korea with a figurehead president, Yun Po-son, in response to the authoritarian excesses and corruption of the Rhee administration.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 They could not agree on the composition of the cabinet and Chang attempted to hold the tenuous coalition together by reshuffling cabinet positions three times within five months.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 Meanwhile, the new government was caught between an economy that was suffering from a decade of mismanagement and corruption by the Rhee presidency and the students who had led to Rhee's ouster.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 The students were regularly filling the streets, making numerous and wide-ranging demands for political and economic reforms.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 Law and order could not be maintained because the police, long an instrument of the Rhee government, were demoralized and had been completely discredited by the public.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 Seizing the moment, then-Major General Pak Chŏng Hŭi led a bloodless military coup (called the 5.16 Revolution) on May 16, 1961, a coup largely welcomed by a general populace exhausted by political chaos.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 Although Chang resisted the coup efforts, President Yun sided with the junta and persuaded the United States Eighth Army and the commanders of various South Korean army units not to interfere with the new rulers.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 The Korean Central Intelligence Agency (KCIA) was created on June 19, 1961 to prevent a countercoup and to suppress all potential enemies domestic and international.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 It was to have not only investigative power, but also the power to arrest and detain anyone suspected of wrongdoing or harboring anti-junta sentiments.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 The KCIA extended its power to economic and foreign affairs under its first director, Colonel (retired) Kim Jong-pil, a relative of Pak and one of the original planners of the coup.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 Following pressure from the Kennedy administration in the United States, a civilian government was restored, with Pak narrowly winning the 1963 election as the candidate of the newly created Democratic Republican Party over Yun, candidate of the Civil Rule Party.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 Pak is generally credited as playing a pivotal role in the development of South Korea's economy by shifting its focus to export-oriented industrialization.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 When he came to power in 1961, South Korean per capita income was only USD 72, and North Korea was regarded as the greater economic and military power on the peninsula because North Korea was industrialized under the Japanese régime due to its geographical proximity to Manchuria and merit in terms of natural resources, and managed to rebuild after heavy bombing by the Americans during the Korean War.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 During Pak's tenure, per capita income increased twentyfold, and South Korea's rural, undeveloped economy was transformed into an industrial powerhouse.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 Even Kim Tae Jung, one of Pak's most prominent opponents during his rule, has retrospectively praised him for his role in creating the modern-day South Korea.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 The strength of Pak's leadership was evidenced by the remarkable development of industries and rise in the standard of living of average South Korean citizens during his presidency.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 Many still question Pak's judgment, however, as his 1965 normalization of diplomatic relations with Japan had been extremely unpopular and resulted in widespread unrest as memories from Japan's 35-year brutal colonization of Korea proved vivid.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 However, by normalizing relations with Japan, Pak allowed Japanese capital to flow into the country.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 These aids and loans—although criticized by many Koreans to be too meager for the 35 years of occupation by Imperial Japan—along with American aid, helped to restore the depleted capital of South Korea.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 Nonetheless, it must be noted that with North Korea's economy at the time being bigger and more vibrant than that of South Korea, Pak did not have many options or much time to negotiate for more fitting reparations and apologies.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 However, with the assistance of the KCIA, Pak's allies in the legislature succeeded in amending the Constitution to allow the current president—himself—to run for three consecutive terms.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 Just after being sworn in for his third term, Pak declared a state of emergency "based on the dangerous realities of the international situation."
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 It transferred the election of the president to an electoral college, the National Conference for Unification.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 On January 21, 1968, a team of about 10—15 North Korean spies was secretly sent to South Korea to kill Pak.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 The spies drove it towards the Blue House (the presidential residence of South Korea), where Pak was at the time.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 When the Korean military was informed of the presence of the North Koreans, they hurriedly went to protect the president.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 Armed with machine guns and grenades, the spies drove almost to the Blue House until they met South Korean soldiers.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 On August 15, 1974, a botched assassination attempt by North Korean agent Mun Se-gwang claimed his wife, Yuk Yeong-su, instead.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 After Kim shot the president to death and the leader of his guards, his agents quickly killed four more of the presidential bodyguards before the group was apprehended.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 The entire episode is usually either considered a spontaneous act of passion by an individual and that the actions of the other agents only occurred because the men felt loyalty to Kim and naturally followed his lead, or as part of a pre-arranged attempted coup by the intelligence service, , with the latter being more widely believed.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 It is alleged by supporters that despite his dictatorial rule and the high growth that occurred during his years in power, Pak did not engage in corruption and led a simple life.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 Detractors allege he was simply a brutal dictator and only brought about high growth through military control over labour.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 Being a complex man as a policy maker, many Koreans continue to hold Pak in high regard in great part due to the industrial and economic growth experienced by South Korea under his presidency.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 But there are also many who condemn Pak for the brutality of his dictatorship and for his service to the Japanese army during World War II.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 However, his supporters argue that the human rights abuse accusation is mostly fabricated or exaggerated.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 Around noon of August 8, 1973, Kim was attended a meeting with the leader of the Democratic Unification Party held in the Room 2212 of the Hotel Grand Palace in Tokyo.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 At around 13:19, Kim was abducted by a group of unidentified agents as he walked out of the room after the meeting.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 Kim was later quoted as saying that a weight had been attached to his feet aboard the boat heading toward Korea, indicating that the kidnappers had intended to drown Kim by throwing him into the sea.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 They were, however, forced to abandon this plan as the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force began a pursuit of the kidnappers' boat.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 According to some reports U.S. Ambassador Philip Habib intervened with the South Korean government to save Kim's life.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 Pak's daughter Park Geun-hye was  elected the chairwoman of the conservative Grand National Party in 2004.
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 first wife Kim Ho-nam (김호남; 1918 - 1990, m.1936 - 1945), birth one daughter, Park Jae-ok(박재옥, b.1937).
Pak Chŏng Hŭi 
 three wife Yuk Young-soo(육영수, 1926 - 1974, m.1950 - 1974, her death), birth daughter Park Geun-hye(박근혜, b.1952) and Park Geun-ryoung(박근령, b.1954), son Park Chi-man(박지만, b.1958).
Yun Poson 
 Yun Bo-seon (Korea:윤보선, August 26, 1897 – July 18, 1990) was the President of South Korea from 1960 to 1962.
Yun Poson 
 He was born in Asan, South Chungcheong province, Yun graduated from the University of Edinburgh in 1930.
Yun Poson 
 He then served as president of the Red Cross Society, before being elected to the National Assembly in 1954.
Yun Poson 
 After Rhee's government was ousted by a student-led pro-democracy uprising, Yun was elected president on August 13, 1960.