the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_embeddings huggingface dataset:
Shear stress 
 Shear stress is relevant to the motion of fluids upon surfaces, which result in the generation of shear stress.
Shear stress 
 Also constructions in soil can fail due to shear; e.g., the weight of an earth-filled dam may cause the subsoil to collapse, like a small landslide.
Tension 
 Suspense, in a dramatic work, leaving the audience feeling uncertain and interested about the outcome of certain actions
Tension (mechanics) 
 Tension is a reaction force applied by a stretched string (rope or a similar object) on the objects which stretch it.
Tension (mechanics) 
 Tension exists also inside the string itself: if the string is made up of two parts, tension is the force which the two parts of the string apply on each other.
Tension (mechanics) 
 The amount of tension in the string determines whether it will break, as well as its vibrational properties, which are used in musical instruments.
Shear 
 Cosmic shear, an effect of distortion of image of distant galaxies due to deflection of light by matter, as predicted by general relativity (see also weak lensing and gravitational lens)
Shear 
 Shear line (locksmithing), in lockpicking, where the inner cylinder ends and the outer cylinder begins in a cylinder lock
Shear 
 Shear stress in physics, refers to a stress state that will cause shearing (see verb below) when it exceeds a material's shear strength,
Shear 
 Shearing interferometer, in optics, a simple and very common means to check the collimation of beams by observing interference
Shear 
 Shearing (physics), the deformation of a material substance in which parallel internal surfaces slide past one another,
Flow 
 Flow, another name for "flux" in physics, which is the rate at which something travels through a given cross section
Flow 
 In fluid mechanics, the word flow is often used to mean a complete description of the motion of a fluid.
Flow 
 In circulatory physiology, the word flow (e.g. of blood or lymph fluid) is commonly used as shorthand for regional flow, i.e., flow standardised to the volume or mass of a region of tissue under study (SI units: mL/s/mL or mL/s/g)
Flow 
 Flow cytometry, abbreviated "flow", in certain laboratory applications, is a technique for counting, examining and sorting microscopic particles suspended in a stream of fluid
Flow 
 Environmental flow, in ecology, the discharge or level of water necessary in a river or water source to sustain a healtly ecosystem
Flow 
 Dataflow and workflow, terms that describe the flow of data in a mostly non-linear succession of computing steps
Flow 
 Flow (mathematics), the one-dimensional (continuous, differentiable) action of a group, usually arising in the solution of differential equations
Flow 
 Flow (psychology), the feeling of complete and energized focus in an activity, with a high level of enjoyment and fulfillment (a concept popularised by the book Flow by Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi)
Flow 
 Flow (television), in television studies and programming, the sequence of television material from one element to the next
Flow 
 Flow binding system, abbreviated "flow", a US based manufacturer of proprietary snowboard bindings*flOw, a Flash game that will be available on the PlayStation 3
Flow 
 Flow, the total value of sales or purchases in an accounting period, usually a quarter or a year in economics and accounting
Flow 
 "Flow", in hip hop and poetry, a verb or noun described as the ability to start and maintain a verse of lyrics
Flow 
 "Flow", the section of a skatepark which is meant to be ridden without pushing, usually consisting of banks, hills, funboxes, etc.
I.O.U. 
 I.O.U.'s are most often only used between people that know each other very well, for example, friends.
Deformation 
 In engineering mechanics, deformation is a change in shape that is result of a force that influences the object.
Deformation 
 It can be a result of tensile (pulling) forces, compressive (pushing) forces, shear, bending or torsion (twisting).
Deformation 
 Depending on the type of material, size and shape of the object, and the forces used, various types of deformation may result.
Deformation 
 The thermoplastics and metals have moderate elastic deformation ranges while ceramics, crystals, and hard thermosetting polymers undergo almost no elastic deformation.
Deformation 
 A phenomenon only discovered in modern times is metal fatigue, which occurs primarily in ductile metals.
Deformation 
 It was originally thought that a material deformed only within the elastic range returned completely to its original state once the forces were removed.
Deformation 
 After many deformations, cracks will begin to appear, followed soon after by a fracture, with no apparent plastic deformation in between.
Deformation 
 Depending on the material, shape, and how close to the elastic limit it is deformed, failure may require thousands, millions, billions, or trillions of deformations.
Deformation 
 Metal fatigue has been a major cause of aircraft failure, especially before the process was well understood.
Deformation 
 But an object in the plastic deformation range will first have undergone elastic deformation, which is reversible, so the object will return part way to its original shape.
Deformation 
 Soft thermoplastics have a rather large plastic deformation range as do ductile metals such as copper, silver, and gold.
Deformation 
 Hard thermosetting plastics, rubber, crystals, and ceramics have minimal plastic deformation ranges.
Deformation 
 Perhaps the material with the largest plastic deformation range is wet chewing gum, which can be stretched dozens of times its original length.
Deformation 
 A break occurs after the material has reached the end of the elastic, and then plastic, deformation ranges.
Deformation 
 A popular misconception is that all materials that bend are "weak" and all those which do not are "strong".
Deformation 
 In reality, many materials which undergo large elastic and plastic deformations, such as steel, are able to absorb stresses which would cause brittle materials, such as glass, with minimal elastic and plastic deformation ranges, to break.
Deformation 
 "The mighty oak stands strong and firm before the wind, while the willow yields to the slightest breeze.
Ceramic 
 Chemically, it is an inorganic compound of  metal, non-metal or metalloid atoms held together by chemical bonds.
Ceramic 
 Up to the 1950s or so, the most important were the traditional clays, made into pottery, bricks, tiles and the like, also cements and glass.
Ceramic 
 The word ceramic can be an adjective, and can also be used as a noun to refer to a ceramic material, or a product of ceramic manufacture.
Ceramic 
 Ceramics may also be used as a singular noun referring to the art of making things out of ceramic materials.
Ceramic 
 The technology of manufacturing and usage of ceramic materials is part of the field of ceramic engineering.
Ceramic 
 The study and development of ceramics includes methods to deal with these characteristics, to accentuate the strengths of the materials and investigate novel applications.
Ceramic 
 For convenience ceramic products are usually divided into four sectors, and these are shown below with some examples:
Ceramic 
 Such items include tiles used in the Space Shuttle program, gas burner nozzles, bullet-proof vests, nuclear fuel uranium oxide pellets, bio-medical implants, jet engine turbine blades, and missile nose cones.
Ceramic 
 Ceramic materials are usually crystalline (having a repeating shape) or amorphous (no repeating shape).
Ceramic 
 Most of this type of ceramic are "II-VI semiconductors", which are a combination of an alkaline earth or Group 12 metal and a non-metal from Group 16.
Ceramic 
 But ceramic researchers focus on electrical properties that affect boundaries between individual grains.
Ceramic 
 If we take out and let it cool without applying any force to it, it will generate a large static charge.
Ceramic 
 That is because the tiny rise in temperature from a warm body entering a room is enough to produce a voltage in the crystal.
Ceramic 
 This is when we can reverse or move a stable electric polarization by applying an electrostatic field.
Ceramic 
 We use them for high-frequency loudspeakers, sonar, and atomic-force and scanning-tunneling microscopes.
Ceramic 
 We can adjust the transition temperature (the temperature at which this happens) over a wide range by changing the chemistry.
Ceramic 
 In this kind of material, current passes through the material until it reaches the transition temperature, at which point the circuit breaks and current flow stops.
Ceramic 
 We use these ceramics as self-controlled heating elements in, for example, rear-window defrosting circuits in cars.
Ceramic 
 We cannot use the material near its critical temperature because it is hard to control temperature at that range.
Ceramic 
 For this reason as well as because of how low their critical temperatures are, we use titanates as ceramic capacitors.
Ceramic 
 The glass is shaped when either fully molten, by casting, or when in a state of toffee-like viscosity, by methods such as blowing to a mold.
Ceramic 
 If later heat-treatments cause this class to become partly crystalline, the resulting material is known as a glass-ceramic.
Ceramic 
 Methods for dealing with them tend to fall into one of two categories – either make the ceramic in the desired shape, by reaction in situ, or by "forming" powders into the desired shape, and then sintering to form a solid body.
Ceramic 
 Ceramic forming techniques include shaping by hand (sometimes including a rotation process called "throwing"), slip casting, tape casting (used for making very thin ceramic capacitors, etc.),
Ceramic 
 This starts hydration reactions, which result in long, interlocking crystals forming around the aggregates.
Ceramic 
 The biggest problem with this method is that most reactions are so fast that good mixing is not possible, which tends to prevent large-scale construction.
Ceramic 
 However, small-scale systems can be made by deposition techniques, where the various materials are introduced above a substrate, and react and form the ceramic on the substrate.
Ceramic 
 This borrows techniques from the semiconductor industry, such as chemical vapour deposition, and is very useful for coatings.
Ceramic 
 Once a roughly held together object (called a "green body") is made, it is baked in a kiln, where diffusion processes cause the green body to shrink.
Ceramic 
 There is virtually always some porosity left, but the real advantage of this method is that the green body can be produced in any way imaginable, and still be sintered.
Ceramic 
 Some of the most common involve pressing the green body to give the densification a head start and reduce the sintering time needed.
Ceramic 
 Sometimes organic binders such as polyvinyl alcohol are added to hold the green body together; these burn out during the firing (at 200–350 °C).
Ceramic 
 This is particularly important in the manufacture of high performance ceramics such as those used by the billions for electronics, in capacitors, inductors, sensors, etc.
Ceramic 
 The specialized formulations most commonly used in electronics are detailed in the book "Tape Casting," by R.E. Mistler, et al.,
Ceramic 
 A comprehensive book on the subject, for mechanical as well as electronics applications, is "Organic Additives and Ceramic Processing," by D. J. Shanefield, Kluwer Publishers [Boston], 1996.
Ceramic 
 A slurry can be used in place of a powder, and then cast into a desired shape, dried and then sintered.
Ceramic 
 Indeed, traditional pottery is done with this type of method, using a plastic mixture worked with the hands.
Ceramic 
 If a mixture of different materials is used together in a ceramic, the sintering temperature is sometimes above the melting point of one minor component – a liquid phase sintering.
Ceramic 
 The ceramic knife blade will stay sharp for much longer steel will, although it is more brittle and can be snapped by dropping it on a hard surface.
Ceramic 
 Similar material is used to protect cockpits of some military airplanes, because of the low weight of the material.
Ceramic 
 They also deform less under load meaning they have less contact with the bearing retainer walls and can roll faster.
Ceramic 
 In very high speed applications, heat from friction during rolling can cause problems for metal bearings; problems which are reduced by the use of ceramics.
Ceramic 
 Ceramics are also more chemically resistant and can be used in wet environments where steel bearings would rust.
Ceramic 
 In the early 1980s, Toyota researched an adiabatic ceramic engine which can run at a temperature of over 6000 °F (3300 °C).
Ceramic 
 Ceramic engines do not require a cooling system and hence allow a major weight reduction and therefore greater fuel efficiency.
Ceramic 
 In a metallic engine, much of the energy released from the fuel must be dissipated as waste heat so it won't melt the metallic parts.
Ceramic 
 Despite all of these desirable properties, such engines are not in production because the manufacturing of ceramic parts in the requisite precision and durability is difficult.
Ceramic 
 Currently, even blades made of advanced metal alloys used in the engines' hot section require cooling and careful limiting of operating temperatures.
Ceramic 
 Turbine engines made with ceramics could operate more efficiently, giving aircraft greater range and payload for a set amount of fuel.
Ceramic 
 Hydroxyapatite, the natural mineral component of bone, has been made synthetically from a number of biological and chemical sources and can be formed into ceramic materials.
Ceramic 
 Orthopedic implants made from these materials bond readily to bone and other tissues in the body without rejection or inflammatory reactions.
Ceramic 
 Most hydroxyapatite ceramics are very porous and lack mechanical strength and are used to coat metal orthopedic devices to aid in forming a bond to bone or as bone fillers.
Ceramic 
 They are also used as fillers for orthopedic plastic screws to aid in reducing the inflammation and increase absorption of these plastic materials.
Ceramic 
 Work is being done to make strong, fully dense nano crystalline hydroxyapatite ceramic materials for orthopedic weight bearing devices, replacing foreign metal and plastic orthopedic materials with a synthetic, but naturally occurring, bone mineral.
Ceramic 
 Ultimately these ceramic materials may be used as bone replacements or with the incorporation of protein collagens, synthetic bones.
Ceramic 
 Advanced Ceramics – The evolution, classification, properties, production, firing, finishing and design of advanced ceramics
Ceramic 
 World renowned ceramics collections at Stoke-on-Trent Museum  Click on Quick Links in the right-hand column to view examples.
Ceramic 
 Lucideon Limited (formerly CERAM Research Limited and previously the British Ceramic Research Association)
Inorganic compound 
 An inorganic compound is a chemical compound that does not have carbon–hydrogen bonds that is, it is not an organic compound.
Inorganic compound 
 Sodium, chloride, and phosphate ions are essential for life, as are some inorganic molecules such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, water and oxygen.
Inorganic compound 
 Aside from these simple ions and molecules, virtually all compounds covered by biochemistry contain carbon and can be considered organic or organometallic.
Inorganic compound 
 Most compounds involving non-metallic elements, like silicon, phosphorus, chlorine, oxygen, for example water
Applied mechanics 
 Applied mechanics, also known as theoretical and applied mechanics, is a branch of the physical sciences and the practical application of mechanics.
Applied mechanics 
 Some examples of mechanical systems include the flow of a liquid under pressure, the fracture of a solid from an applied force, or the vibration of an ear in response to sound.
Applied mechanics 
 Applied mechanics, as its name suggests, bridges the gap between physical theory and its application to technology.
Mechanics 
 Mechanics is a branch of physics which looks at objects that are moved by forces (including other bodies, or forces of nature).
Mechanics 
 The discipline has its roots in ancient Greece where Aristotle studied the way bodies behaved when they were thrown through the air (e.g. a stone).
Mechanics 
 However it was Galileo, Kepler and especially Newton who laid the foundations for much of the so-called Newtonian mechanics we know today.
Mechanics 
 Mechanics is the original discipline of physics, dealing with the macroscopic world that humans perceive.
Mechanics 
 Mechanics encompasses the movement of all matter in the universe under the four forces: gravity, the strong and weak interactions, and the electromagnetic interaction.
Mechanics 
 F= Ma: the overall force acting on an object = the mass of the object multiplied by the object's acceleration.
Newton (disambiguation) 
 Newton OS,  operating systems made by Apple, for their MessagePad personal digital assistants (PDAs).
Paleobiology 
 Baron Franz Nopcsa von Felső-Szilvás started paleobiology in the late 19th century while working at the University of Vienna.
Paleobiology 
 He tried to learn how the animals lived, rather than merely put together their bones, as many geologists were doing at the time.
Central venous catheter 
 A central venous catheter (CVC) or "central line" is a catheter put in a large vein in the neck, chest, or groin when a patient needs close cardiovascular monitoring, for assessment of fluid status, and so that intravenous drugs and fluids can be given to the patient more effectively.
Central venous catheter 
 The veins most commonly used are the internal jugular vein, the subclavian vein, and the femoral vein.
Central line (disambiguation) 
 Central line (London Underground), a line northwest/west to northeast through central London, England
Macroscopic 
 When one uses macroscopic for abstract objects, one thinks of the world as we see it without any help.
Macroscopic 
 Lengths scales are called macroscopic if they fall in the range of more or less than 1 mm or up to 1 km.
Macroscopic 
 One may use the term macroscopic also for a "larger view", namely a view only available from a large perspective.
Macroscopic 
 A microscopic view could reveal a thick round skin seemingly composed entirely of cracks and fissures (as viewed through a microscope) or, further down in scale, a collection of molecules in the rough shape of a sphere.
Macroscopic 
 If one looks at a galaxy, a star is microscopic in comparison with the whole galaxy, even if it is many, many orders of magnitude larger than us.
Macroscopic 
 macroscopy can also be described as a relation between any two objects in terms of its magnification on a scale of some sort.
Macroscopic 
 A macroscopic object is something that we are able to see in plain sight through our own field of vision no matter where we are located.
Macroscopic 
 In spacetime light must also come into contact with our eyes and the object we are observing in order for it to be visible.
Naked eye 
 If something can be seen with the naked eye, it means that it can be seen without using a microscope, binoculars, glasses or a telescope.
Naked eye 
 In astronomy, a naked-eye object is something, such as a star, that the general public can see without using these tools.
Order of magnitude 
 An order of magnitude is an approximation of the logarithm of a value relative to some contextually understood reference value, usually ten, interpreted as the base of the logarithm and the representative of values of magnitude one.
Order of magnitude 
 considering the order of magnitude of values sampled from such a distribution can be more intuitive.
Order of magnitude 
 When the reference value is ten, the order of magnitude can be understood as the number of digits in the base-10 representation of the value.
Order of magnitude 
 Similarly, if the reference value is one of certain powers of two, the magnitude can be understood as the amount of computer memory needed to store the exact integer value.
Order of magnitude 
 But if one would compare the surface of an orange with that of the earth, one would say the surface of the earth is many orders of magnitude larger than that of the orange.
Order of magnitude 
 Two numbers of the same order of magnitude have roughly the same scale: the larger value is less than ten times the smaller value.
Order of magnitude 
 If numbers differ by one order of magnitude, x is about ten times different in quantity than y.  If values differ by two orders of magnitude, they differ by a factor of about 100.
Order of magnitude 
 Powers of 10, a graphic animated illustration that starts with a view of the Milky Way at 1023 meters and ends with subatomic particles at 10-16 meters.
Pinhead Gunpowder 
 Its members are Billie Joe Armstrong (singer and guitarist of Green Day), Aaron Cometbus, Bill Schneider and Jason White.
Pantheism 
 A pantheist believes that everything that exists is a part of God or that God is a part of everything that exists.
Pantheism 
 Any doctrine or philosophy that believes that the universe and everything in it is God is said to be pantheistic.
Pantheism 
 Most of the early Greek philosophers from Thales on to the Stoics believed in some sort of pantheism.
Pantheism 
 However, their majority believes that while God is in everything, there is more to God than just the universe.
Panentheism 
 To some people, this is a very confusing concept (idea) and was first created by philosophers in the early centuries AD.
Deuterium 
 This is because it is like water (H2O), but heavier because deuterium has one more neutron in its nucleus.
Deuterium 
 This is because it will dissolve the sample, like normal water, but it will not be detected by the magnet in an 1H NMR.
Boer 
 Boer (IPA: /bur/) is the Dutch word for farmer which is used to call the descendants of the Dutch farmers of Southern Africa during the 1700s, as well as those who left the Cape Colony during the 1800s to live in the Orange Free State, Transvaal and Natal.
Boer 
 They did this to escape the British rule, and the wars between the British imperial government and the native tribes on the eastern frontier.
Boer 
 Although they were not known as Afrikaners, they did not regard themselves as living in a European country.
Boer 
 The Boers later created the Boer Republics, which were defeated in the 1880-1881 and 1899–1902 Anglo-Boer wars (Anglo-Boere-oorloë).
Boer 
 After that, many Boers emigrated to other countries, but many still live in modern South Africa, Eswatini (formerly Swaziland) and Zimbabwe.
Muhammad Ali 
 Muhammad Ali (born Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr.; January 17, 1942 – June 3, 2016) was an American boxer.
Muhammad Ali 
 Because of his Islamic beliefs, Ali would not fight in the Vietnam War when the army tried drafting him.
Muhammad Ali 
 Ali was once again hospitalized on January 15, 2015 for a urinary tract infection after being found unresponsive at a guest house in Scottsdale, Arizona.
Muhammad Ali 
 On June 3, 2016, Ali died from septic shock due to respiratory problems at a Scottsdale, Arizona hospital, aged 74.
Mechanician 
 A mechanician is an engineer or a scientist working in the field of mechanics, or in engineering, applied mechanics and similar fields.
Compressive stress 
 Then materials will react with ductile behaviour (most metals, some soils and plastics) or with fracture in case of brittle materials (geomaterials, cast iron, glass, etc.).
Compressive stress 
 For example, if a cylinder is compressed under the action of the applied force, the restoring force per unit area is known as the compressive stress.
Compressive stress 
 It is one of the best stresses for chassis, so if you have a chassis report explain it well as it helps a lot.
Cambuslang railway station 
 Cambuslang railway station is a train station for the Scottish town of Cambuslang, in South Lanarkshire (near Glasgow.)
Cambuslang railway station 
 The station has a ticket office at the top, with a bridge across the track and two ramps down to each platform.
Rotation 
 If the axis of rotation is within the body, the body is said to rotate upon itself, or spin– which implies relative speed and perhaps free-movement with angular momentum.