the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_embeddings huggingface dataset:
Electromagnetism 
 On the other hand, magnets sitting still can only push on moving charges, but moving magnets can push on any electric charges.
Electromagnetism 
 What's more, Maxwell's studies showed that light could be described as a ripple in the electromagnetic field.
Electromagnetism 
 However, Maxwell's work did not agree with classical mechanics, the description of forces and motion originally developed by Newton.
Electromagnetism 
 This was a problem because in classical mechanics, velocities are "additive"-- if a person A on a train moving at speed X throws a ball with speed Y, then a person B on the ground sees the ball moving with speed X+Y. According to Maxwell, if person A turns on a flashlight, they will see the light moving away from them at speed c. But person B on the ground must also see the light moving at speed c, not c+X. This led to the development of the theory of special relativity by Einstein, which explained how the speed of light could be the same for everyone, and why classical mechanics does not work for things moving very fast.
Electromagnetism 
 Albert Einstein's work with the photoelectric effect and Max Planck's work with blackbody radiation did not work with the traditional view of light as a continuous wave.
Electromagnetism 
 This development led to the development of quantum electrodynamics which was developed by Richard Feynman and Julian Schwinger.
Electromagnetism 
 Photons also make up all other types of electromagnetic radiation such as gamma rays, X-rays, and UV rays.
Electromagnetism 
 Using his theory for the photoelectric effect, Einstein said that light existed in small "packets" or parcels which he called photons.
Electromagnetism 
 Photons are also known as messenger particles in physics because these particles often carry messages between objects.
Electromagnetism 
 Photons send messages saying "come closer" or "go away" depending on the charges of the objects that are being looked at.
Electromagnetism 
 Fundamental electromagnetic interactions occur between any two particles that have an electric charge.
Electromagnetism 
 Electromagnetic decay processes can often be recognized by the fact that they produce one or more photons (also known as gamma rays).
Electromagnetism 
 They proceed less rapidly than strong decay processes with comparable mass differences, but more rapidly than comparable weak decays.
Bill Oddie 
 William Edgar (Bill) Oddie OBE (born 7 July 1941) is a British comedian, actor, writer and television personality.
Bill Oddie 
 Oddie says that he does not remember her living at home because she spent a lot of her life in mental hospitals.
Toe 
 Humans, and other animals that walk on the soles of their feet, are plantigrade; hoofed animals are unguligrade.
Toe 
 In humans, the bones of each toe continue all the way to the heel, although in from the base of the toes they come together in the body of the foot.
Toe 
 The toes, especially the big toe, play an essential role in walking, although a loss of the smallest toe will not affect the way people move.
Newton's laws of motion 
 If a body is at rest it remains at rest or, if it is in motion, it moves with uniform velocity, until it is acted on by a net force.
Newton's laws of motion 
 Alternatively, everybody in this universe will be in state of rest or uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force or otherwise.
Newton's laws of motion 
 A uniform velocity means that an object moves at a constant speed without changing direction (i.e. in a straight line).
Newton's laws of motion 
 Although gravity is acting on the table, pulling it down, there is a reaction force from the ground which is pushing it back.
Newton's laws of motion 
 A ball rolling down a slope is also affected by friction, but the effect of the force of gravity is stronger than the friction, so there is a net force acting in the direction in which the ball is moving.
Newton's laws of motion 
 In a place without the forces of friction, air resistance and gravity (e.g. in outer space) a moving object would keep on moving in a straight line if there were no force to slow it down or change its direction.
Newton's laws of motion 
 For a particle of mass , the net force  on the particle is equal to the mass  times the particle's acceleration  :
Newton's laws of motion 
 Newton's second law states that acceleration of a particle is dependent on the forces acting upon the particle and the particle's mass.
Newton's laws of motion 
 It's also started that the rate of change of momentum of a body is directly proportional to applied force and takes place in the direction in which the force act.
Newton's laws of motion 
 where  is the mass of the particle and  is the local gravitational acceleration (not to be confused with G, the universal gravitational constant), roughly equal to 9.8 meters per second2 (32 feet per second2) on Earth.
Newton's laws of motion 
 For a particle of mass , the net force  on the particle is equal to the time derivative of the particle's momentum :
Newton's laws of motion 
 This is best understood with billiard balls, where you can easily see the action/reaction pairs of forces.
Newton's laws of motion 
 The direction of the force on the first object is opposite to the direction of the force on the second object.
Newton's laws of motion 
 Since forces result from mutual interactions, the water must also be pushing the fish forwards, propelling the fish through the water.
Newton's laws of motion 
 The size of the force on the water equals the size of the force on the fish; the direction of the force on the water (backwards) is opposite the direction of the force on the fish (forwards).
Newton's laws of motion 
 The size of the force on the road equals the size of the force on the wheels (or car); the direction of the force on the road (backwards) is opposite the direction of the force on the wheels (forwards).
Fencing 
 In the olden times when two people argued they fenced the first one to draw blood was wrong and the person would be dead, so the person that won would claim the dead person's house and belongings.
Fencing 
 The foil is a light and easy to bend weapon, first made in mid 17th century as a weapon for practice. '
Fencing 
 To score a hit, the push-button on the end of the weapon must remain fully down for 2-10 milliseconds, and must arrive (hit) with a force of at least 7.35 newtons.
Fencing 
 The sabre is the "cutting" weapon, with a curved guard (to protect the hand) and a triangular blade.
Fencing 
 However, in modern electric scoring, a touch with any part of the sabre, (point, flat or edge, as long as it is on target) will count as a hit.
Fencing 
 Also, a jacket, short pants and a sort of half-a-shirt (called an underarm protector or plastron), all of white fabric.
Administrator 
 They make decisions, organize the people who work there and make sure that things are working alright and there are no problems.
Administrator 
 An administrator is also the person in charge of some of the small territories of the United Kingdom,  for example Ascension Island and the British Antarctic Territory which are too small to run their own government.
Geneva Conventions 
 Some parts of the four Geneva Conventions say that all countries who signed must create national laws to make violations of the Geneva Conventions a crime.
Geneva Conventions 
 First Geneva Convention "for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick in Armed Forces in the Field" (first adopted in 1864, last revision in 1949).
Geneva Conventions 
 It basically says that the medical teams on the battlefield must help anyone who is injured, not just people from their own side.
Geneva Conventions 
 Second Geneva Convention "for the Amelioration of the Condition of Wounded, Sick and Shipwrecked Members of Armed Forces at Sea" (first adopted in 1949, came after looking over the 1907 Hague Convention X).
Geneva Conventions 
 Third Geneva Convention "relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War" (started in 1929, last revision in 1949).
Geneva Conventions 
 They said that some of the Taliban fighters they captured in Afghanistan were not prisoners of war, but illegal combatants, so they did not have these rights.
Geneva Conventions 
 Fourth Geneva Convention "relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War" (first adopted in 1949, based on parts of the 1907 Hague Convention IV).
Geneva Conventions 
 When there is a war, the people who do not take part in the war (they are called civilians) must be protected in some ways.
Geneva Conventions 
 Protocol I (1977): Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts.
Geneva Conventions 
 Protocol II (1977): Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and about the Protection of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts.
Geneva Conventions 
 Protocol III (2005): Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Adoption of an Additional Distinctive Emblem.
Geneva Conventions 
 This is about the introduction of the red diamond, as a symbol of the Red Cross that is free of religious connotations.
Geneva Conventions 
 After the First Convention was agreed, the International Committee of the Red Cross was founded in 1863.
Geneva Conventions 
 Usually, people refer to all four conventions as the "Geneva Conventions of 1949" or simply the "Geneva Conventions".
Geneva Conventions 
 Later conferences have added text that makes it illegal to use certain kinds of warfare, like chemical warfare.
Geneva Conventions 
 Clara Barton was important in campaigning for the United States to agree to the First Geneva Convention.
Geneva Conventions 
 Texts of the Conventions Source: ICRC 1949 Conventions and 1977 Protocols Source: Society of Professional Journalists
Geneva Conventions 
 United Nation's Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights - International Human Rights Instruments
Geneva Conventions 
 list of states which have signed the Geneva conventions (1929 and 1949) and additional protocols (1977) (documents in French) — Switzerland is currently the depositary of approximately 60 international treaties and lists of the states parties to each of these treaties (in French).
Geneva Conventions 
 Geneva Conventions depository overview in English (.PDF)  created from the Swiss archives by Advocacy & Intelligence Index For POWs-MIAs Archives
International law 
 Private International Law is when there is a conflict between two or more countries that broke a certain law based on the countries' law.
International law 
 In recent years, people have also seen international organizations like the United Nations use international law.
Hague Convention 
 Along with the Geneva conventions, they are among the first treaties to speak about war crimes and the laws of war.
The Hague 
 The Hague (with capital T; Dutch: also called , commonly ) is the third-largest city in the Netherlands, after Amsterdam and Rotterdam.
The Hague 
 The Hague is the location of the Binnenhof, the building where the national government of the Netherlands meets.
The Hague 
 Built in the 13th century, the Binnenhof is the home of the "Eerste Kamer" (literally "First Chamber") or "Senaat", and the "Tweede Kamer" (literally "Second Chamber").
The Hague 
 All foreign embassies and government ministries of the country are in the city, as well as the Hoge Raad der Nederlanden (The Supreme Court) and many lobbying organisations.
The Hague 
 All of this is unusual for a country, because The Hague is not the capital of the Netherlands, which is Amsterdam.
The Hague 
 Besides the buildings used by the government, the International Court of Justice of the United Nations is based in the Peace Palace, which is also in The Hague and often referred to as "The Hague" by metonymy.
The Hague 
 It is only an hour away from Amsterdam, Utrecht, and Amsterdam Airport Schiphol by train (most of which are run by Nederlandse Spoorwegen) and with its two train stations, is easy to get to from many places in the Netherlands and all around Europe.
S.A.S. 
 It was founded in 1941 to attack behind the German line of defence in North Africa, in World War II.
S.A.S. 
 The British Ministry of Defence (MOD) rarely speaks of the SAS and mission details are never released until much later.
S.A.S. 
 The SAS is thought of all over the world as one of the best, if not the best Special Operations organisations.
S.A.S. 
 The hardest part of this is intense interrogation (questioning while under torture) which the trainees must go through.
S.A.S. 
 For example, the U.S. Army's Delta Force was founded due in large part to Charles Beckwith, a U.S. Army special operations officer, serving as an exchange officer with the SAS.
Kookaburra Sport 
 Kookaburra Sport is an Australian company named after an Australian bird related to the kingfisher, which eats snakes and is, therefore, very valuable to the Australians.
Lancashire 
 A big attraction in Lancashire is Blackpool, an English seaside resort, which has a theme park called Blackpool Pleasure Beach.
Lancashire 
 It has the second largest rollercoaster in Europe ("The Big One") and Blackpool Tower, a tower which was made to look like the Eiffel Tower in Paris.
Lancashire 
 Lancashire has market towns (like Chorley) and small villages (like Bretherton, Croston and Eccleston).
Lancashire 
 A famous food from Lancashire is "Lancashire Hot pot" which is made of meat, onion or other vegetables and potatoes.
Church of England 
 Catholic because it views itself as a part of the universal church of Jesus Christ in unbroken continuity with the early apostolic church.
Church of England 
 This is expressed in its emphasis on the teachings of the early Church Fathers, as in the Apostles' Creed, Nicene Creed and Athanasian Creed.
Church of England 
 Reformed because it has been shaped by the doctrinal ideas of the 16th-century Protestant Reformation, in particular by the Thirty-Nine Articles and the Book of Common Prayer.
Church of England 
 Henry VIII was married to Catherine of Aragon, but asked the Pope to annul the marriage (say that it was a mistake and that Henry and Catherine were never really married).
Church of England 
 He wanted to annul the marriage because he wanted a male heir to his throne and Catherine could not produce one.
Church of England 
 When the annulment was refused, Henry VIII used his position as King to break the Church away from the Roman Catholic Church.
Church of England 
 This established the independence of the Church of England, sometimes called the Anglican (English) Church.
Church of England 
 The Oxford Movement brought some Catholic beliefs and practices back into the church in the 19th century.
Tense (grammar) 
 They are formed by adding "helping words" or "auxiliary words", such as be and have, before the verb.
Tense (grammar) 
 For example, "I give", "I have given", "I am giving", and "I have been giving" are all in present tense, but have different meanings.
Blackpool Tower 
 These include the tower itself, the Golden Mile, which is a row of arcades, the Irish Sea and beach, and Pleasure Beach Blackpool (a theme park).
Blackpool Tower 
 The oldest part of the building is the old aquarium which was part of Dr Cockers' Menagarie and Aquarium since the 1870s.
Blackpool Tower 
 The tower was bought by Blackpool Council in 2010 and is now run by Merlin Entertainments for Blackpool Council.
Blackpool Tower 
 Since Merlin Entertainments started running the tower, the building has been repaired and new attractions have been added.
Blackpool Tower 
 Attractions at the tower include the Blackpool Dungeon, the Blackpool Tower Eye, the Blackpool Tower Circus, the Blackpool Tower Ballroom and Jungle Jim's.
Theme park 
 A theme park or amusement park is a place with attractions made up of rides, such as roller coasters and water rides.
Theme park 
 They usually contain a selection of different types of rides, along with shops, restaurants and other entertainment outlets.
Theme park 
 Many are themed to a particular area; there are water parks, parks modeled after toys, parks modeled after movies or types of movies, usually adventure or action.
Theme park 
 The period from the 1950s through the 1970s brought about a core era for growth in the contemporary theme park industry, as a strong American middle class was being established and personal transportation became a common good.
Theme park 
 The baby boom following the second World War guaranteed a large number of families seeking to spend time together, and expanding labor rights allow for more free time to do just that.
Theme park 
 Finally, long-distance travel options and new forms of transportation, such as passenger air travel, grew in importance, making new destinations accessible.
Theme park 
 This mix of ideal economic conditions, combined with innovations during the time period, formed a perfect foundation on which to build the modern theme park concept to be developed.
Theme park 
 A similar “perfect storm” unfolded in Europe, with new innovations and attractions reshaping pleasure gardens and driving new experiences.
Theme park 
 Unique offerings were key to transporting families to worlds of imagination and wonder, but also to attracting audiences from further away.
Theme park 
 The sheer concept of theme parks was born out of a combination of three early traditions: traveling fairs, pleasure gardens, and world fair exhibits.
Theme park 
 Back in the day, the decision of going to a theme park was equivalent to an out of city trip, where people dressed the part.
Theme park 
 Men wore suits and ties, and women were always spotted in heels, as opposed to now, when people have ditched all that for comfortable clothes and sneakers.
Theme park 
 The evolution of theme parks has been progressive – wooden roller coasters have turned into steel ones, with more safety elements added to all rides.
Kookaburra 
 Laughing Kookaburra (Dacelo novaeguineae) – Native to eastern mainland Australia, introduced to Tasmania, Flinders Island, Kangaroo Island and Western Australia.
Kookaburra 
 Some were also introduced to New Zealand between 1866 and 1880; but only those that were freed by Sir George Grey on Kawau Island are still there today.
Kookaburra 
 Spangled Kookaburra (Dacelo tyro) – Found only on the Aru Islands and Trans Fly savanna and grasslands of southern New Guinea.
Kookaburra 
 Rufous-bellied Kookaburra (Dacelo gaudichaud) – Widely distributed through forests of lowland New Guinea and has also been seen on Saibai Island in Queensland.
Kookaburra 
 Kookaburras usually eat small animals: small mammals (like mice), insects, small birds, lizards and snakes.
Poll tax 
 In the last few years of Margaret Thatcher's reign as British Prime minister, she received heavy opposition and mass riots were held when she tried to have poll tax used as the tax system.
Bonn 
 Bonn was the choice of Konrad Adenauer, a former Cologne Mayor and the first Chancellor of West Germany after World War II, who came from that area.
Bonn 
 Frankfurt am Main had most of the needed facilities already, so using Bonn meant spending about 95 Million DM to building new roads and building.
Bonn 
 However, Frankfurt am Main had been an important city during the war, and choosing Bonn was to symbolise a new start for the new Germany.
Bonn 
 Because of its relatively small size for a capital city, Bonn was sometimes jokingly called the Bundesdorf (Federal Village).
Bonn 
 The Federal President had already decided to make Schloß Bellevue in Berlin his main official residence.
Bonn 
 Next to the market place is the Old Town Hall, built in 1737 in Rococo style, under the rule of Clemens August of Bavaria.
Bonn 
 Close by is the Kurfürstliches Schloss, which has been built as a residence of the prince-elector, and nowadays is the main building of the University of Bonn.
Bonn 
 The Poppelsdorfer Allee, an alley flanked by chestnut trees, connects the Kurfürstliches Schloss with the Poppelsdorfer Schloss, a palace that was built as a resort to prince-electors in the first half of the 18th century.
Bonn 
 The three highest buildings in the city are the radio mast of WDR in Bonn-Venusberg (180 m), the headquarters of the Deutsche Post called Post Tower (162.5 m) and the former building for the German members of parliament Langer Eugen (114.7 m) which nowadays is the new location of the UN-Campus.
Bonn 
 Post Tower, the tallest building in the state North Rhine-Westphalia, housing the headquarters of the Deutsche Post AG
Bonn 
 Langer Eugen, since 2006 the centre of the United Nations Campus, formerly housing the offices of the members of the German parliament
Bonn 
 Kunst- und Ausstellungshalle der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Art and Exhibition Hall of the Federal Republic of Germany) showing the Guggenheim Collection in 2006-2007
Bonn 
 Haus der Geschichte der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Museum of the History of the Federal Republic of Germany)
Bonn 
 The Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn (University of Bonn) is one of the largest universities in Germany
Bonn 
 Bonn Universities are located mainly in downtown Bonn, but some buildings are spread throughout the city.
Bonn 
 In the very south of the city on the border to Wachtberg and Rhineland-Palatinate is the extinct volcano Rodderberg
Copa Libertadores 
 CONMEBOL Libertadores or Copa Libertadores (Libertadores Cup) is a football competition between the best club teams in South America.
Copa Libertadores 
 Libertadores starts in January with the worst classified team of each country playing for to be a part of the "Main Draw".
Copa Libertadores 
 The better qualified clubs in the Main Draw take advantage of playing the second game of each round of the playoffs at home.
Copa Libertadores 
 Unlike European club competitions, the Copa Libertadores, in the past, did not use extra time or away goals to decide a tie.
Copa Libertadores 
 Starting with the 2005 event, CONMEBOL began to use the away goals rule, with the extra time used only in the final matches.
Longbow 
 Archers (longbowmen) would usually have a second weapon, often a battle-axe, for close-quarter fighting.
Longbow 
 The flat side of the bow facing the target was flexible sapwood while the belly (facing the archer) was round and made of strong heartwood (from the center of a tree).
Longbow 
 In AD 633 Offrid, son of Edwin, king of Northumbria, was killed by an arrow shot from a Welsh longbow.
Longbow 
 This was during a battle between the Welsh and the Mercians — more than five centuries before any record of its use in England.
Longbow 
 They were used to great effect in the civil wars of the period and against the French in the Hundred Years' War (with notable success at the battles of Crécy (1346), Poitiers (1356) and Agincourt (1415).
Longbow 
 A longbow has practical advantages compared to a modern recurve or compound bow; it is usually lighter, quicker to prepare for shooting, and shoots more quietly.
Longbow 
 However, other things being equal, the modern bow will shoot a faster arrow more accurately than the longbow.
African Union 
 The African Union (AU) is an supranational organization consisting of fifty-five African member countries.
African Union 
 Founded in Durban on 9 July 2002, the AU was formed as a replacement to the Organization of African Unity (OAU) and the African Economic Community (AEC).
African Union 
 The current Chairperson of the African Union is President of Senegal Macky Sall since February 5, 2022.
African Union 
 The AU, in the future, aims to have a single currency and a single integrated defense force, as well as other institutions of state, including a cabinet for the AU Head of State.
African Union 
 The purpose of the organization is to help secure the continent's democracy, human rights, and a sustainable economy, especially by bringing an end to conflict between African nations and creating an effective common market.
Bastille 
 At first it was just the Saint-Antoine gate, but from 1370–1383, this gate was made bigger and became a fortress.
Bastille 
 In the 1400s, these were blocked up, and a new city gate was built to the north on the present day rue de la Bastille.