the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_embeddings huggingface dataset:
Germaine Tailleferre 
 Germaine Tailleferre (born Saint Maur Des Fossés, France, 19 April 1892; died Paris, 7 November 1983) was a French composer.
Germaine Tailleferre 
 When she was grown up she changed her last name to "Tailleferre" just to annoy her father because he had refused to let her study music.
Germaine Tailleferre 
 She studied piano with her mother at home, composing short works of her own and then began studying at the Paris Conservatoire.
Germaine Tailleferre 
 In 1923 Tailleferre began to spend a great deal of time with Maurice Ravel at his home in Monfort-L'Amaury.
Germaine Tailleferre 
 Tailleferre wrote many of her most important works during the 1920s, including her 1st Piano Concerto, The Harp Concertino, the Ballets "Le Marchand d'Oiseaux" (the most often performed ballet in the repertoire of the Ballets Suédoises during the 1920s) and "La Nouvelle Cythère" which Diaghilev had asked her to write for his ballet company.
Germaine Tailleferre 
 In the 1930s she composed the Concerto for Two Pianos, Choeurs, Saxophones and Orchestra, the Violin Concerto, the Operas "Zoulaïna" and "Le Marin de Bolivar", and her masterwork, "La Cantate de Narcisse", which she wrote with Paul Valéry.
Germaine Tailleferre 
 After the war, in 1946, she returned to her home in France where she composed a lot more music, much of which was not published until after her death.
Cladistics 
 A clade (Greek = branch) is a group of organisms with a common ancestor and all its descendants (and nothing else).
Cladistics 
 Birds, dinosaurs, crocodiles, and all other descendants (living or extinct) of their most recent common ancestor form a clade.
Cladistics 
 In the terms of biological systematics, a clade is a single branch on the tree of life, a monophyletic group.
Cladistics 
 Biological classification needs such a natural group of organisms to be put together and given a taxonomic name.
Cladistics 
 The term clade was introduced in 1958 by Julian Huxley, cladistic by Cain and Harrison in 1960, and cladist (for an adherent of Hennig's school) by Mayr in 1965.
Cladistics 
 From the time of his original formulation until the end of the 1980s cladistics remained a minority approach to classification.
Cladistics 
 Computers made it possible to process large quantities of data about organisms and their characteristics (traits).
Cladistics 
 At about the same time the development of effective sequence analysis techniques made it possible to apply cladistic methods of analysis to biochemical and molecular features of organisms as well as to anatomical ones.
Cladistics 
 For some decades in the mid to late twentieth century, a commonly used methodology was numerical taxonomy.p221 This made no attempt to resolve phylogeny, only similarities.
Cladistics 
 The weakness of this approach was that it left out the connection between classification and evolution.
Cladistics 
 Phylogenetic nomenclature is a way of giving names to the groups (clades) that have been decided on by cladistic methods.
Cladistics 
 In evolutionary biology, the term monophyletic refers to a group of organisms descended from its most recent common ancestor.
Cladistics 
 In cladistics, by contrast, a monophyletic group is a group consisting of all the inferred descendants of an ancestral species.
Cladistics 
 In cladistics, a group that includes only some of the descendants of the ancestral species is not monophyletic but paraphyletic.
Cladistics 
 Therefore, the elements of a paraphyletic group must be rearranged so that they do form one or several clades.
Kimbo Slice 
 Kevin Ferguson also known as Kimbo Slice (February 8, 1974 – June 6, 2016) was a Bahamian-born American mixed martial arts fighter.
Pangaea 
 The collisions between continental plates formed the greatest mountain ranges in the history of the Phanerozoic eon.
Pangaea 
 The mountain building included the Caledonian orogeny, the Alleghenian orogeny and the Variscan orogeny.
Pangaea 
 The low mountains of Scotland, Scandinavia and eastern North America are the ground-down remains of these vast events.
Pangaea 
 It broke into supercontinents Laurasia and Gondwana before each of these broke into the current continents.
Pangaea 
 The second major phase in the break-up of Pangaea began in the Lower Cretaceous (150–140 Ma), when Gondwana separated into multiple continents (Africa, South America, India, Antarctica, and Australia).
Pangaea 
 The third major and final phase of the break-up of Pangaea occurred in the early Cenozoic (Paleocene to Oligocene).
Pangaea 
 Laurasia split when North America (also called Laurentia) broke free from Eurasia, opening the Norwegian Sea about 60–55 Ma.
Pangaea 
 The Variscan collage and orogeny (480-290 mya) and the tectonic definition of the Armorica microplate: a review.
Pangaea 
 Continental break-up and collision in the Neoproterozoic and Palaeozoic - a tale of Baltica and Laurentia.
Fatah 
 The political part of the party is not considered a terrorist group by any country, but its military part, the al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades is considered a terrorist group.
Fatah 
 Fatah says that the Brigades are not a part of the party but Israel says that Fatah supports the al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades.
Fatah 
 Leaders of the brigades, and other members have said they are a military group that is a part of Fatah.
Hessischer Rundfunk 
 The Hessischer Rundfunk (HR) is a German television and radio broadcasting company based in Frankfurt am Main in the State of Hesse.
Hessischer Rundfunk 
 The HR produces the regional television service HR Fernsehen  (which used to be called HR Fernsehen ) and six regional radio channels.
Al Anbar Governorate 
 The name of the province is from the Arabic , ’Anbār, and means "granaries," as this region was the primary entrepot on the western borders of Lakhmid Kingdom.
Al Anbar Governorate 
 The famous Sunni theologian Abu Hanifa an-Nu‘man, who developed Hanafi, one of the Sunni Madh'habs (schools of thought) is associated with this region.
Al Anbar Governorate 
 The Euphrates River flows diagonally from the north to the southeast, passing through six of the eight districts; Al-Qa'im, Anah, Haditha, Hīt, Ramadi, Fallujah, Abu Ghraib, Ar Rutba, forms the majority of the Governorate's area, occupying the large desert area in the southwest.
Al Anbar Governorate 
 There are an estimated 20 million weapons in Al Anbar, opposed to an estimated population of 2 million, according to official reports, a ratio of ten firearms for every citizen.
Al Anbar Governorate 
 The arms included mortars, surface-to-air missiles, anti-tank shells, rocket-propelled grenades as well as large quantities of mines, explosives and ammunition.
Al Anbar Governorate 
 The Iraqi resistance were widely considered to be stronger in this province than in any other in Iraq, and hostility toward Against American forces.
Al Anbar Governorate 
 In late 2004 to 2007, a series of operations by US forces, was not successful in driving resistance from Anbar.
Al Anbar Governorate 
 Additionally, in early 2006, several clans—some including resistance groups raids against Americans forces in the area, the increase of sectarian violence in baghdad(that pushed many of the Sunni Dulaimi clans back into alliances with militants) and the continued resistance control of several cities in Anbar showed that fighting in the region was far from over.
Al Anbar Governorate 
 Reports in March 2006 suggested that the Anbar capital Ramadi had largely fallen under resistance control along with most of the region, as a result the US sent an additional 3,500 Marines to re-establish control of the region.
Al Anbar Governorate 
 The Iraq war website icasualties has reported that 1,842 Iraqi soldier and 2220 US Soldier and 7542 Mercenary were killed in action in Anbar province between the start of 2004 and the end of February 2006.
Al Anbar Governorate 
 Anbar, with Ramadi and Haditha and Hit and Al Qa'im and Fallujah in particular, is known for its inhabitants' strong tribal
Al Anbar Governorate 
 According to statistics of the Ministry of Commerce in 1999, there about million and half million inhabitants in seven major Cities in Al Anbar province.
Al Anbar Governorate 
 According to the former regime in 2003 just the city of Fallujah (600 thousand) and Ramadi (700 thousand) exceed million and three hundred thousand people.
Al Anbar Governorate 
 According to the election for the council governorate on January 30, 2005, The largely Sunni province is one of the most violent Against the occupation in Iraq and turnout was very low.
Al Anbar Governorate 
 According to The UN statistics in 2003 the Population of Al Anbar is 1,230,169, Ramadi (444,582), Fallujah (425,774), Al-Qaim (116,129), Hit (105,825), Haditha (75,835), Anah (37,211), Ar Rutba (24,813).
Al Anbar Governorate 
 But The governor of Al Anbar Mamoun Sami Rashid Alwani says "The UN statistics are Incorrect and just included 7 major Cities from 80 cities and towns in Al Anbar" It continues, "We know our country more than strangers And Al Anbar Population about more than 3 million citizen".
Al Anbar Governorate 
 Number of the Population is unknown, and there are no precise statistics Include all of the cities and towns and villages and the people of Al Anbar, just in the city of Abu Ghraib eastern Al Anbar There between 750,000 and 1.5 million inhabitants.
Al Anbar Governorate 
 after the occupation The population of Al Anbar province Increase because of the sunni immigrants from Baghdad and southern Iraq, Whom are more than million people, and some areas in Al Anbar Decreased such as Fallujah and Ramadi.
Al Anbar Governorate 
 (Captain Patriquin USA, and Major Rachel McLung USMC were both Killed by an IED, while escorting press in Anbar (one of whom was Oliver North)
Coruscant 
 It has been the capital of the Galaxy for many years, and during that time, the planet has become one big city.
Digital Video Broadcasting 
 Digital Video Broadcasting (often shortened to DVB) is a series of standards for sending digital content, like Television using digital technology.
Digital Video Broadcasting 
 Compression of the data stream allows carrying several video channels in one analog television channel.
Linguine 
 The name means "little tongues" in Italian - the word being derived from Latin lingua "tongue" with the suffix -ine which indicates that an item is smaller or lesser.
Egg (food) 
 Most eggs that are eaten by humans, including bird eggs and turtle eggs, have a protective, oval eggshell, the albumen (egg white), the vitellus (egg yolk), and various thin membranes, that are layers like skin.
Egg (food) 
 Smaller eggs such as quail eggs are sometimes used as a gourmet ingredient, as are the largest bird eggs, from ostriches.
Egg (food) 
 This is because eggs have to be kept cool before they are sold, and the cold stops the young inside from starting to grow.
Egg (food) 
 This is because the egg may be contaminated with bacteria (like salmonella) that could cause illness.
Egg (food) 
 In most of the United States, eggs are generally white; while in the northeast of that country and in the United Kingdom, eggs are generally light-brown.
Egg (food) 
 People in Brazil and Poland prefer brown or reddish eggs, because white eggs are thought of as "industrial", that is, for use in commercial bakeries.
Egg (food) 
 The reason some people prefer one colour of egg and other people prefer a different colour is probably because of what the colours are linked with in their minds.
Leitmotif 
 A leitmotif (pronounced , “LITE-mow-teef”) (also spelled leitmotiv), is a German word meaning leading motif.
Leitmotif 
 The leitmotif helps to make the story dramatic and bind it together, because it makes the music easier to understand.
Leitmotif 
 For example, a leitmotif might be played before a character comes onstage, so the audience will know who is coming before the actor can be seen.
Leitmotif 
 Three examples of leitmotifs from Wagner's Ring Cycle  Der Ring des Nibelungen  are: the leitmotif for the chief god Wotan (a person), the leitmotif for the Tarnhelm, the invisibility helmet, (a thing), and the leitmotif for the Renunciation of Love (an idea).
Leitmotif 
 For example: the first four notes of Beethoven's Fifth Symphony are used like a leitmotif during the whole symphony.
Leitmotif 
 Hector Berlioz wrote a symphony called Symphonie Fantastique which has a tune which he called idée fixe (“fixed idea”) to represent the love between the two characters.
Leitmotif 
 Some people, such as Eduard Hanslick, who did not like Wagner’s music, thought that Wagner’s use of leitmotifs made the music too simple.
Leitmotif 
 Claude Debussy said the use of leitmotifs in operas was like having a world where crazy people would always use "visiting cards" to introduce themselves and then start singing their names to be sure everyone knew what was going on.
Leitmotif 
 Many other composers used leitmotifs in a similar way to Wagner, e.g. Richard Strauss in his operas, Elgar in his oratorios The Kingdom and The Apostles or Alban Berg in his opera Lulu.
Pointe shoes 
 In normal flat ballet shoes, the toe construction does not provide this support for the dancer's body weight.
Pointe shoes 
 Mid-18th century dancer Marie Camargo of the Paris Opéra Ballet was the first to wear a non-heeled shoe, enabling her to perform leaps that would have been difficult, if not impossible, in the old shoes.
Pointe shoes 
 The first dancers to rise up on their toes did so with the help of an invention by Charles Didelot in 1795.
Pointe shoes 
 His 'flying machine' lifted dancers upward, allowing them to stand on their toes before leaving the ground.
Pointe shoes 
 This lightness and ethereal quality was well received by audiences and, as a result, choreographers began put more pointework into their pieces.
Pointe shoes 
 When Marie Taglioni first danced La Sylphide en pointe, her shoes were nothing more than modified satin slippers.
Pointe shoes 
 Because the shoes of this period offered no support, dancers would pad their toes for comfort and rely on the strength of their feet and ankles for support.
Pointe shoes 
 The birth of the modern pointe shoe may be due to the early 20th century Russian ballerina Anna Pavlova, who was one of the most famous and influential dancers of her time.
Pointe shoes 
 Pavlova's feet had particularly high archs, which left her vulnerable to injury when dancing en pointe.
Pointe shoes 
 To help this problem, she would put tough leather soles into her shoes for extra support, and would flatten and harden the toe area to form a box.
Pointe shoes 
 While this practice made dancing en pointe easier for her, it was regarded by her rivals as 'cheating'.
Pointe shoes 
 This is usually because they are not strong enough, as going en pointe means one has to have enough strength.
Pointe shoes 
 But the basic pre-pointe class may still be useful for young dancers who later move into, for example, stage dancing.
Pointe shoes 
 The bones and growth plates in the feet are usually not fully hardened and developed before that age.
Pointe shoes 
 Serious foot deformities can result from starting pointe too early, even if the student is strong and skillful.
Pointe shoes 
 Attempting to dance en pointe before the feet and toes are fully grown can cause career-ending damage that will prevent dancing en pointe for a lifetime.
Pointe shoes 
 Top ballet schools have specialist orthopaedic consultants, and foot X-rays are an obvious and necessary safeguard before pointe work begins.
Pointe shoes 
 Male dancers may wear them for a comic effect in unorthodox roles such as the Ugly Stepsisters in Cinderella, or Bottom in A Midsummer Night's Dream.
Pointe shoes 
 The all-male dance troupe Les Ballets Trockadero de Monte Carlo have dance programs with choreography entirely on pointe.
Pointe shoes 
 This is one element of spectacle for the audience to demonstrate how the physical demands of classical ballet combine the artistic and the athletic.
Pointe shoes 
 Also, when the pointe shoes are "dead" (too soft to dance in any more), the shoes will need to be replaced.
Pointe shoes 
 Professional dancers wear out pointe shoes much more quickly; a new pair may wear out in a single performance.
Pointe shoes 
 A soloist or principal dancer will have her shoes specially hand-made to her needs, and may get through several in a single performance.
Pointe shoes 
 Dancers' feet take a terrific battering, and few end their careers without having some damage to their feet.
Pointe shoes 
 The toe box allows the dancer to feel a pointe, while the insole and outsole work together to give the resistance for developing foot and ankle strength.
Pointe shoes 
 Demi-pointe is often used in modern dance, because choreography in modern dance most often asks for balance on the ball of the foot, which is what those shoes are made for.
Kirkuk Governorate 
 Kirkuk Governorate ( ,  Parêzgay Kerkûk,  , ) or Kirkuk Province is a governorate in northern Iraq, with an area of .
Provinces of Iraq 
 also the Iraqi Constitution has recognized only one autonomous federal region inside Iraq, the name of the region is Iraqi Kurdistan Region, this region consists of the three provinces of Dahuk ( دهوك ), Arbil ( اربيل ) and As-Sulaymaniyyah (السليمانية )
Licchavi 
 Licchavi (also Lichchhavi, Lichavi) was an ancient republic that existed in what is now Bihar state of India before the birth of Mahavira (b. 599 BC).
Licchavi 
 Early Buddhist legends tell that Licchavi was a ruling family during Gautama Buddha's time in India, but links to the Nepalese kingdom are speculative.
Licchavi 
 The language of Licchavi inscriptions is Sanskrit, and the particular script used is closely related to official Gupta scripts.
Licchavi 
 "Nepal: The Early Kingdom of the Licchavis, 400-750", Library of Congress Countryreports.org (September, 1991)
Licchavi 
 Vajrācārya, Gautamavajra, "Recently Discovered Inscriptions of Licchavi, Nepal", Kailash - Journal of Himalayan Studies, Volume 1, Number 2, 1973. (
Republicanism 
 Republicanism is the ideology of governing a nation as a republic with an emphasis on liberty and the civic virtue practiced by citizens.
Republicanism 
 More broadly, it refers to a political system that protects liberty, especially by incorporating a rule of law that cannot be arbitrarily ignored by the government.
Republicanism 
 Much of the literature deals with the issue of what sort of values and behavior by the citizens is necessary if the republic is to survive and flourish; the emphasis has been on widespread citizen participation, civic virtue, and opposition to corruption.
Saber–toothed cat 
 The sabertoothed cats or sabretooth cats are some of the best known and most popular extinct animals.
Saber–toothed cat 
 The Nimravids were a basal group in the Feliformia, lasting from the Eocene to the later Miocene epochs.
Saber–toothed cat 
 They used to be called "marsupial sabre-tooths", but they belong to a sister-group to the marsupials.
Saber–toothed cat 
 The Machairodontinae: a subfamily of the Felidae, lived from the Miocene to the Pleistocene (23 million years ago to 11,000 years ago).
Saber–toothed cat 
 This would explain their widespread occurrence in the Miocene, when much of the land was covered with woodland.
Saber–toothed cat 
 Apart from the canine teeth, their adaptations included strength in the forelimbs (more so than present-day large cats).
Saber–toothed cat 
 They hung on round the prey's neck, gripping and slashing the underside of the throat with their canine teeth.
Saber–toothed cat 
 Some have larger teeth, some had smaller dagger-like teeth, some had smooth thick teeth, others had blade-like teeth, sometimes with serrated edges.
Saber–toothed cat 
 Ewer remarks that this must show that there were variations in killing method, and in the type of prey, but we know little about this.
Saber–toothed cat 
 The extinctions followed climate change, as the world cooled and grassland took over from woodland in the Pliocene and Pleistocene.
Jerry Hsu 
 He won an award for best video part by Transworld Skateboarding Magazine and a reader's choice award for his work in the video.
Barnes & Noble 
 It operates mostly through its Barnes & Noble Booksellers chain of bookstores which is based in lower Fifth Avenue in Lower Manhattan, New York City.
Barnes & Noble 
 Barnes & Noble also operated the chain of small B. Dalton Booksellers stores in malls until they announced the liquidation of the chain.
Barnes & Noble 
 Video games and related items were sold in the company's GameStop retail outlets until October 2004.
Barnes & Noble 
 As of October 2009, the company operates 777 stores in all 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia.
Barnes & Noble 
 It also has 636 college bookstores, which serves nearly 4 million students and 250,000 faculty members across the country.
Barnes & Noble 
 Barnes & Noble began in 1873 when Charles Barnes opened a book-printing business in Wheaton, Illinois.
Barnes & Noble 
 Their first true bookstore was set up by his son, William, with G. Clifford Noble, in 1917 in New York City.
Barnes & Noble 
 The original bookstore was at 31 West 15th St., and opened during World War I. In 1932, at the height of the Great Depression, the bookstore was moved to its current location on 18th Street and Fifth Avenue.
Barnes & Noble 
 It first began selling books online in the late 1980s, but the company’s website was not launched until May 1997.
Barnes & Noble 
 After getting his start in the buying and merchandising departments, he became general manager and vice president of the company’s direct mail division.
Barnes & Noble 
 In addition to his career at Barnes & Noble, Riggio serves on the board of directors of the National Book Foundation, Association for the Help of Retarded Children and the National Down Syndrome Society.
Barnes & Noble 
 It reprints non-copyrighted titles or gets the American or English language rights from another publisher.
Barnes & Noble 
 In addition, Barnes & Noble pays for reprint anthologies and omnibus editions using in-house editors.
Barnes & Noble 
 Barnes & Noble began to publish books during the 1980s, when they started reissuing out-of-print titles.
Barnes & Noble 
 One of these titles, The Gentle Art of Verbal Self-Defense by Suzette Haden Elgin, has sold over 250,000 copies.
Barnes & Noble 
 The reissued edition of The Columbia History of the World by John Garrity has sold over 1 million copies.
Barnes & Noble 
 This expansion was helped by the company’s purchase of SparkNotes, an educational website and publishing company.
Barnes & Noble 
 Further expansions of the company’s publishing business include the purchase of how-to publisher Sterling Publishing in 2003 and the launch of Quamut in 2008.
Barnes & Noble 
 From around 1992 through early 2003, Barnes & Noble released a series of literary classics for adults and children under the imprint Barnes & Noble Classics Collection.
Barnes & Noble 
 Originally available only in hardcover, most titles came in a black or cream-colored dustjacket edition.
Barnes & Noble 
 In 2003, Barnes & Noble redesigned and expanded its line of literature classics, releasing books in hardcover, trade paperback and mass-market editions.
Barnes & Noble 
 The first store to feature a café serving Starbucks beverages was in Springfield, New Jersey in 1993.
Barnes & Noble 
 The cafes serve Starbucks beverages, Harney & Sons or Tazo Tea, FIJI Bottled Water, bakery goods from The Cheesecake Factory, candy from Godiva Chocolatiers, sandwiches and other specialty products.
Barnes & Noble 
 Although the cafés are owned and operated by Barnes & Noble, servers follow Starbucks' standards in beverage preparation.
Barnes & Noble 
 In 2004, Barnes & Noble began offering Wi-Fi in the café area of selected stores, using the AT&T FreedomLink network.
Barnes & Noble 
 The tasks of these managers include organizing in-store events, such as author appearances, children’s storytimes and book groups.
Barnes & Noble 
 Community relations managers work closely with local schools and groups for the promotion of literacy and the arts.