the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_embeddings huggingface dataset:
Fantasy 
 Often fantasy also means that the story happens in a fictional place, a world different from our own (e.g. Middle-earth or Narnia).
Fantasy 
 Although the word fantasy is most often applied to low-tech worlds, it also can depict high tech worlds, overlapping with science fiction (science fantasy).
Materialism 
 Materialism is the philosophical belief that the world is made of material, and that there are no other types of entity (things).
Materialism 
 Many of history's materialists thinkers have found the idea of a spirit either meaningless or not scientifically proven.
Materialism 
 By definition, these thinkers are therefore also atheists, though not all atheists are materialists, and there have even been some historically important Materialist thinkers who believe in a Pantheist idea of God (such as Baruch Spinoza and Friedrich Engels).
Materialism 
 Modern philosophical materialists extend the definition to include other basic entities proven by science, such as energy, forces, and the curvature of space.
Materialism 
 Matter and energy are known to be interchangeable, and much else, such as gravity, is caused by matter.
Northern Cyprus 
 Northern Cyprus (), officially the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC; , KKTC), is a de facto state in the northern half of the island of Cyprus.
Northern Cyprus 
 It is internationally recognised as part of the Republic of Cyprus and only Turkey recognises it as a separate state.
Northern Cyprus 
 Turkey is the only country which recognizes the territory as an independent republic despite the international sanctions and embargos in place.
Northern Cyprus 
 In 1923, by the Treaty of Lausanne Turkey gave up the island to the British Empire which in 1925 converted it to a crown colony.
Northern Cyprus 
 In 1974, in response to a growing conflict with Greece, the Turkish army invaded and occupied Cyprus.
Northern Cyprus 
 The move drew international condemnation and Northern Cyprus remains unrecognized by the United Nations.
Northern Cyprus 
 Since 1974, the United Nations has established a ceasefire line between Turkish Cypriots and Greek Cypriots.
Northern Cyprus 
 The ''Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus'' was formed in 1983 and Rauf Denktash became the first president.
Northern Cyprus 
 Northern Cyprus, despite its international pariah status, stands out amongst other "frozen conflict" zones as having a relatively stable and democratic form of government with high levels of political freedom and civic engagement in the political process.
New Caledonia 
 New Caledonia (; popular name: Le caillou) () is a "sui generis collectivity" (in practice an overseas territory) of France, made up of a main island (Grande Terre) and several smaller islands.
New Caledonia 
 A referendum was held in November 2018 to see if New Caledonia should declare independence from France.
Dam 
 A dam is a large wall or barrier that blocks or stops the flow of water, forming a reservoir or a lake.
Dam 
 Most dams have a section called a spillway or weir over which, or through which, water flows, either sometimes or always.
Dam 
 The arched wall is a very strong shape which helps the wall to withstand the huge weight of the water.
Dam 
 Some countries build dams to control the flow of water in the downstream river systems, and prevent flooding.
David Beckham 
 Since his move from Manchester United F.C. to Real Madrid in 2003, he has been the highest paid footballer in the world.
David Beckham 
 He grew up in the Manchester football youth system along with Ryan Giggs, Nicky Butt, Phil Neville, Gary Neville and Paul Scholes who all turned out to be famous footballers.
David Beckham 
 After leaving Manchester United, he signed a four-year contract with Real Madrid which ended in June 2007.
David Beckham 
 He was loaned out to AC Milan of Italy for the 2008-09 and the 2009-10 seasons before joining the Galaxy again.
David Beckham 
 He was dropped from the England team after giving up his England captaincy, but regained his place in the England squad when Fabio Capello became the England manager in 2008.
David Beckham 
 The couple have three sons: Brooklyn Joseph Beckham (born 4 March 1999 in London), Romeo James Beckham (born 1 September 2002 in London), and Cruz David Beckham (born 20 February 2005 in Madrid, Spain), and a daughter Harper Beckham (born 2 July 2011).
Sonata 
 A sonata is a piece of music for one instrument or one instrument with another instrument accompanying.
Sonata 
 A composer could call any solo instrumental piece “sonata” if he or she wants to, but usually a sonata is quite a long piece with several movements.
Sonata 
 In the Baroque period (17th and early 18th centuries) many composers like Arcangelo Corelli wrote sonatas with several movements.
Sonata 
 There were two types: “sonata da camera” (“room sonata” i.e. “chamber sonata”) which were for playing in people’s homes, and “sonata da chiesa” (“church sonata”) which were for being played in churches.
Sonata 
 By the time we come to the Classical period sonatas have become longer pieces with three or four movements.
Sonata 
 If there were four movements the extra one would be a minuet and trio or a scherzo, either before or after the slow movement.
Sonata 
 Many composers in the Romantic period wrote sonatas, for example: Brahms wrote piano sonatas as well as sonatas for violin and piano, cello and piano, and clarinet and piano.
Sonata form 
 It has been used in several pieces since the Classical period (from the middle of the 18th century onwards).
Sonata form 
 Listening to  pieces of music in sonata form will help to understand it fully and it is helpful to know something about the different keys.
Sonata form 
 In the Baroque period composers like Bach and Handel wrote pieces with dance movements such as minuets.
Sonata form 
 The two sections were often the same length, and were separated by a double bar line which meant that each section was repeated.
Sonata form 
 The first section could modulate (change key) and then the second section would gradually modulate back again so that it sounded finished at the end.
Sonata form 
 Domenico Scarlatti wrote sonatas for harpsichord also in binary form, but long and with additional complexity.
Sonata form 
 The first section would start with a theme in the main key, and then modulate to another key for contrast.
Sonata form 
 The second section might be longer than the first second, starting off by modulating to remote keys before arriving back to repeat the main theme.
Sonata form 
 A movement in sonata form has three sections called: “exposition”, “development” and “recapitulation”.
Sonata form 
 In the exposition we hear all the main material: the first tune- or group of tunes - in the main key, then a contrasting tune or tunes in a related key (normally the “dominant” i.e. the key on the 5th note of the scale of the main key, or the relative minor).
Sonata form 
 Or in the case of a first section in a minor key, one might frequently hear the second subject or subjects in the relative major.
Sonata form 
 In the recapitulation the exposition is repeated, but it changes towards the end so that it finishes in the main key.
Sonata form 
 This way of building a piece of music was used by almost every composer from the mid 18th century onwards – well into the 20th century.
Sonata form 
 There is often a sense of development during the whole piece, not just during the so-called “development section”.
Sonata form 
 The first movement of Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony spends all the time developing the famous idea heard at the beginning: the first four notes (short-short-short-long).
Aria 
 Typically there would be full accompaniment to the solo voice in the aria although this is not the case in Purcell's Dido and Aeneas where the majority of its arias are only accompanied by the continuo part.
Aria 
 Recitative (from a word meaning: “to recite” i.e. “to tell”) was sung quickly, almost as if it were being spoken.
Aria 
 There was a main section, then a middle part, then the main section was repeated (“Da Capo” means: “back to the beginning”).
Aria 
 These are often a tune with variations, such as Handel's famous "Air with Variations" for harpsichord, also known as The Harmonious Blacksmith.
Ian McKellen 
 His work has spanned genres from serious Shakespearean and modern theatre to popular fantasy and science fiction movies.
Ian McKellen 
 In a television movie role in 1970 titled Edward II, he and his co-star, James Laurenson kissed in British television's first gay kiss.
Ian McKellen 
 Best known for his roles as Gandalf in the 2001-2003 Lord of the Rings movie trilogy, as Sir Leigh Teabing in The Da Vinci Code, and as Magneto in the X-Men series of movies.
Ian McKellen 
 He was made a CBE in 1979 and knighted in 1990 for his outstanding work and contributions to the theatre.
Ian McKellen 
 The papers of Sir Ian McKellen, actor are held by the Victoria and Albert Museum Theatre and Performance Department.
Gandalf 
 Gandalf the Grey wanted Bilbo Baggins to let him go an adventure with him and the Company of Thorin Oakenshield to take back Erebor from Smaug.
Gandalf 
 Decades later, he would help Bilbo's nephew Frodo bring the One Ring back to the fires of Mount Doom.
Gandalf 
 In The Hobbit movies, which were written as a prequel to The Lord of the Rings movies, he figures out that the Necromancer happens to be Sauron.
Viggo Mortensen 
 Viggo Peter Mortensen, Jr. (born October 20, 1958, in New York City) is an American theater and movie actor, poet, musician, photographer and painter.
Sean Astin 
 They have three daughters, Alexandra (born November 27, 1996), Elizabeth (born August 6, 2002) and Isabella (born July 22, 2005), all with the same middle name of Louise.
Ian Holm 
 Sir Ian Holm Cuthbert CBE (12 September 1931 – 19 June 2020), known professionally as Ian Holm was a  retired English actor.
Ian Holm 
 Ian Holm was born at Goodmayes Hospital in Goodmayes, Essex, He was son of James Harvey Cuthbert and his wife Jean Wilson (née Holm), The hospital was his father working there .
Ian Holm 
 He died in a London hospital on 19 June 2020 from Parkinson's disease-related problems, at the age of 88.
Luigi Boccherini 
 Luigi Boccherini (born in Lucca, 19 February 1743; died Madrid, 28 May 1805) is an Italian cellist and composer.
George Frideric Handel 
 George Frideric Handel (German (Deutsch) : Georg Friedrich Händel) (23 February 1685 – 14 April 1759) was a German composer who went to live in England when he was a young man and later became a naturalised Briton.
George Frideric Handel 
 Handel changed his name to George Frideric Handel when he became British; he removed the dots above the "a" and changed the spelling of Georg and Friedrich.
George Frideric Handel 
 Bach never left central Germany, and most of the time he was a church musician who was not well known by the general public.
George Frideric Handel 
 He wrote anthems, chamber music and orchestral music including the Water Music and Music for the Royal Fireworks.
George Frideric Handel 
 He was given a clavichord when he was seven and he used to practice it in the attic where his father could not hear him.
George Frideric Handel 
 He had a teacher called Friedrich Wilhelm Zachow who was the organist of the big church, the Marienkirche, in Halle.
George Frideric Handel 
 The next year he moved to Hamburg where he got a job as violinist and harpsichordist in the orchestra of the opera-house.
George Frideric Handel 
 Handel was becoming a good opera composer, but he wanted to learn more, so he went to Italy in 1707.
George Frideric Handel 
 He wrote sacred music (church music) and other pieces in an operatic style, e.g. Dixit Dominus (1707).
George Frideric Handel 
 In 1710 Handel became Kapellmeister (music director) to George, Elector of Hanover, who would soon be King George I of Great Britain.
George Frideric Handel 
 The Elector agreed that Handel could have an immediate leave of 12 months so that he could go to London.
George Frideric Handel 
 Handel returned to Hanover in the summer of 1711 and spent a year writing chamber and orchestral music because there was no opera in Hanover.
George Frideric Handel 
 He had a yearly income of £200 from Queen Anne (while Bach earned as little as eighty pounds in a year).
George Frideric Handel 
 He was having a lot of success, and so stayed in England instead of returning to his job in the Hanover Court.
George Frideric Handel 
 According to one story the King forgave Handel because he wrote some lovely music called Water Music which was performed on a boat on the Thames at a royal water party.
George Frideric Handel 
 George would have known that Queen Anne was about to die and he would become King of Great Britain and therefore Handel's master again.
George Frideric Handel 
 In 1724 Handel moved into a newly built house in 25 Brook Street, London, which he rented until his death in 1759, 35 years later.
George Frideric Handel 
 It was here that Handel composed some of his most famous music such as Messiah, Zadok the Priest, and Fireworks Music.
George Frideric Handel 
 In 1731 Handel was commissioned to write four anthems for the coronation ceremony of King George II.
George Frideric Handel 
 It had nothing to do with the academy which is called the Royal Academy of Music today where young students study music.
George Frideric Handel 
 Handel also worked in the management of the King's Theatres and many of his operas were performed in the Royal Opera House at Covent Garden.
George Frideric Handel 
 There was a lot of rivalry, especially with a composer called Bononcini whose music is forgotten today.
George Frideric Handel 
 It was probably this which left his right arm paralysed for a while so that he could not perform, but he made an excellent recovery after six weeks at a health spa in Aix-la-Chapelle.
George Frideric Handel 
 Surprisingly, it was not successful in London until 1750 when it was performed in aid of the Foundling Hospital Chapel.
George Frideric Handel 
 In August, 1750, on a journey back from Germany to London, Handel was seriously injured when his carriage overturned.
George Frideric Handel 
 He left £20,000 which was a lot of money for those days (Approximately 2800000 pounds today) His niece inherited most of his money.
George Frideric Handel 
 His autographs (the original copies of the music that he wrote) are now mostly in the British Museum.
George Frideric Handel 
 Handel adopted the spelling "George Frideric Handel" on his naturalization as a British subject, and this spelling is generally used in English speaking countries.
George Frideric Handel 
 The original form of his name (Georg Friedrich Händel) is usually used in Germany, but he is known as "Haendel" in France.
George Frideric Handel 
 There was another composer with a similar name, Handl, who was a Slovene and is more commonly known as Jacobus Gallus.
Richard Wagner 
 Apart from some music that he wrote as a student he wrote ten operas which are all performed regularly in opera houses today.
Richard Wagner 
 He thought that the drama (the story that is being told with all its tensions) was very important, and he chose the singers for his operas himself, so that he could train them into his way of thinking.
Richard Wagner 
 The music in his operas did not give the audience a chance to applaud after big solos as it had done in the 18th century: it continues throughout the whole act.
Richard Wagner 
 These were melodies or short musical phrases which belonged to particular characters in the opera, or to particular ideas.
Richard Wagner 
 He had more influence on other composers than anybody else in his time, largely because of his harmonies which became more and more chromatic (using lots of sharps and flats), with many changes of key.
Richard Wagner 
 He studied at the University of Leipzig, although he was not allowed to be a full student because he did not have proper school qualifications.
Richard Wagner 
 He studied the scores of Beethoven's string quartets and symphonies and he wrote his own symphony which was performed in 1833 at the famous Leipzig Gewandhaus.
Richard Wagner 
 He became the conductor of a travelling opera group and fell in love with one of the singers called Minna Planer and he married her in 1836.
Richard Wagner 
 Wagner always liked spending money, and he soon found he owed money to a lot of people, so he went away to Paris where he lived for three years.
Richard Wagner 
 He was not successful at all there, none of the French musicians showed any interest in him and he was very poor.
Richard Wagner 
 He still managed to write an opera Rienzi in 1841, and this was soon followed by Der fliegende Holländer, (The Flying Dutchman), which still remains a favourite to opera lovers today.
Richard Wagner 
 The audience did not like it much because they were used to operas like Rienzi which were written in the old way.
Richard Wagner 
 During that time he worked very hard to make opera performances better, improve the orchestra and train the singers.
Richard Wagner 
 People gradually started to understand the way that Wagner's music was telling the drama of the story.
Richard Wagner 
 After this all his operas were great successes, although there always remained some people who hated his music, e.g. the music critic Eduard Hanslick.
Richard Wagner 
 In 1848 he finished working on Lohengrin but it was not performed because he was supporting the Revolutions of 1848 in the German states, joining in the demonstrations.
Richard Wagner 
 Although he did join the fighting he was going to be arrested, so Franz Liszt helped him to escape to Switzerland.
Richard Wagner 
 They were to become the four operas known as Der Ring des Nibelungen (The Ring of the Nibelung) which, together, tell one long story.
Richard Wagner 
 The four operas which make up this famous Ring cycle are Das Rheingold (The Rhinegold), Die Walküre (The Valkyrie), Siegfried and Götterdämmerung (Twilight of the Gods).
Richard Wagner 
 Because of the political situation in Germany at the time, Wagner expected the rise of a socialist state.
Richard Wagner 
 The music used the idea of leitmotif (in English: “leading motive”), where musical ideas represent characters or emotions, and help the development and understanding of the story.
Richard Wagner 
 However, the third Act of Siegfried was not written until many years later, because he could see that at that time there was no suitable opera house to have these operas performed.
Richard Wagner 
 He fled to Stuttgart to avoid being put into prison (Germany at that time was still made up of many small countries, each with their own laws).
Richard Wagner 
 He had read the poem about the Ring of the Nibelungs (Wagner had written the words, but had not finished the music).
Richard Wagner 
 He gave him somewhere to live, and his new operas were performed in Munich: Tristan und Isolde in 1865, Die Meistersinger von Nűrnberg in 1868, Das Rheingold in 1869 and Die Walkűre in 1870.
Richard Wagner 
 There were plans for a new opera house in Munich, but it was never built because people were angry with Wagner for being in debt in spite of having lots of money from the king.
Richard Wagner 
 Another thing people did not like was that he fell in love with the wife of the man who had conducted his operas, Hans von Bülow.
Richard Wagner 
 Wagner had already left Munich in 1865, but the king still supported him, making it possible for him to live in a large house called Triebschen on Lake Lucerne.
Richard Wagner 
 He had promised the king that the four operas would be performed in Munich when they were ready, but he realized that they would need a special kind of opera house.
Richard Wagner 
 The King Ludwig also gave him a lot of money, and a lovely new house in Bayreuth which Wagner called Wahnfried (the name of the house means something like: Peace from the mad world).
Richard Wagner 
 Finally, the complete cycle of four operas was performed in August 1876 in the new opera house, the (Bayreuth Festspielhaus).
Richard Wagner 
 The third and fourth operas of the cycle, Siegfried and Götterdämmerung  were being performed for the first time.
Richard Wagner 
 By the early 20th century some composers like Arnold Schoenberg had gone even farther in making more and more complicated harmonies, and composers had to find new ways of composing.
Richard Wagner 
 His music helps the drama to be told because it develops all the time, like the music in a symphony.
Richard Wagner 
 Wagner's writings on Jews, including ‘Jewishness in Music’, corresponded to some existing anti-semitic trends of thought in Germany during the 19th century.
Richard Wagner 
 Their actions to belittle Jewish artists and involvement in anti-semetic organisations after 1914 helped prepare the ground for state-organised expulsion of Jewish artists after 1933.
Richard Wagner 
 When Hitler came to power in the 1930s he liked Wagner's music and thought that it was something typically German.
Richard Wagner 
 Wagner wrote things that freely expressed his dislike of Jewish composers, although he praised Felix Mendelssohn for his Hebrides Overture.
Richard Wagner 
 Daniel Barenboim made people in Israel angry by conducting Wagner's music at a Jerusalem festival in 2001.
A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court 
 [[File:Connecticut Yankee frontispiece by Beard.jpg|thumb|300px|An illustration of the Connecticut Yankees 1st edition.]]A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court''''' is a novel.
Excalibur 
 The sword and its name have become very widespread in popular culture, and are used in fiction and films.
Excalibur 
 The first was the one Merlin put into the stone and said that the throne will be taken by the one who will take the sword out of the stone.
Excalibur 
 Later the sword was stolen by his sister and it was the time when the scabbard (sword coverage) was lost.
Excalibur 
 In the battle of Camlann, Arthur was hurt, and he told Bedwyr (Griflet) to return the Excalibur to the lake.
Excalibur 
 The legend of Excalibur is similar to the Irish hero, Cú Chulainn, who had a sword named Caladbolg; or to Norse Legend of Sigurd.
Excalibur 
 The Clarent sword is less known because it was used for peaceful acts, whereas the Excalibur was well known because it was used to defend Camelot.
Excalibur 
 In some versions of the story of Excalibur, it is said that the sword was forged in dragon fire, though it is not commonly told of.
Excalibur 
 "No government should be based on old hags handing out swords!!"-Sir Galahad, Monty Python's, Spamalot
Georg Philipp Telemann 
 Georg Philipp Telemann (March 14, 1681  in Magdeburg - June 25, 1767 in Hamburg) was a German baroque composer.
Giovanni da Palestrina 
 Giovanni da Palestrina (born Palestrina, (c.1525 – February 2, 1594 in Rome) was a very important Italian composer of church music of his time.
Giovanni da Palestrina 
 This means that the different voices (sopranos, altos, tenors or basses) are often singing different words and different parts of the tune at the same time.
Giovanni da Palestrina 
 Many composers since have studied the way that Palestrina wrote, because this is an excellent way to learn to write contrapuntal music.
Giovanni da Palestrina 
 When he was grown up he got a job as organist and choir director at the Roman basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore.
Giovanni da Palestrina 
 He was not earning much money, but he married a lady who came from a very rich family, so he was comfortably off.
Giovanni da Palestrina 
 He was given the job of master of the Capella Juliana, the choir that sang at the services in St Peter’s, Rome.
The Prince and the Pauper 
 An illustration in The Prince and the Paupers 1st edition.]]The Prince and the Pauper''''' is a book by Mark Twain.
The Prince and the Pauper 
 The story takes place in England, in the year 1547 when the King has a glorious and much rejoiced birth of the son he awaited, Edward the fourth, after many sisters (Mary and Elizabeth)and still births.
The Prince and the Pauper 
 By chance, Prince Edward, son of King Henry VIII of England and Jane Seymor, and Tom Canty, a pauper (poor boy), find out that they look exactly the same, like identical twins.