the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_embeddings huggingface dataset:
European Central Bank 
 The initial capital allocation key was determined in 1998 on the basis of the states' population and GDP, but the capital key has been adjusted.
European Central Bank 
 The main goal of the European Central Bank is to maintain price stability, in other words make sure inflation is below 2%.
European Central Bank 
 It is also the only bank allowed to issue euro banknotes (€), used by 16 of the 28 member states of the European Union (EU).
Friendship 
 A friend is one who admires a person's skill and helps or encourages them to make the right choices and do not get into any trouble at all.
Friendship 
 This can usually be achieved by possessing the elements of friendship, by being kind, generous, loyal, honest, and by having fun.
Friendship 
 An example of a friendship would be that of Sierra, Olivia, Emma, Langli, and Mallory in the movie Eight grade Whittier.
Clitoris 
 Penises with male urethras are used daily for urination, and can be used for sex: semen passes out of the body through the male urethra.
Clitoris 
 Rubbing or applying other consistent pressure to it is usually needed to help the female have an orgasm.
Clitoris 
 Also during arousal, touching the clitoris and other sensitive areas of the female genitals makes a woman's vagina change shape and release a lubricant.
Clitoris 
 The parts of the clitoris that can be seen from the outside are located from the clitoral junction (the point where the outer lips meet at the base of the pubic mound) to the fork (where the lower edges of the inner lips meet below the vaginal opening).
Clitoris 
 The parts of the clitoris inside the body include erectile tissue, glands, muscles, blood vessels, and nerves.
Berlin Wall 
 The Berlin Wall (German: Berliner Mauer) was a wall that separated the city of Berlin in Germany from 1961 to 1989.
Berlin Wall 
 After World War II ended, Germany was divided into four zones, one zone for each of the main Allied countries: France, the United Kingdom, the United States and the Soviet Union.
Berlin Wall 
 Its capital Berlin was also divided into four zones, so that it was an enclave, like an island inside the Soviet zone.
Berlin Wall 
 On May 8, 1949, the French, United Kingdom and US zones were made into West Germany (Federal Republic of Germany, Bundesrepublik Deutschland, BRD) and West Berlin.
Berlin Wall 
 East Germany (German Democratic Republic, Deutsche Demokratische Republik, DDR) was founded on October 7, 1949.
Berlin Wall 
 After Germany split into West and East Germany on May 8, 1949, 2.6 million East Germans left to go to West Germany.
Berlin Wall 
 To stop this, on August 13, 1961, the Communist government of East Germany built a wall separating East and West Berlin.
Berlin Wall 
 They said that West Germany refused to recognize East Germany as an independent country because they wanted to take over North-East Germany just like Hitler took over Poland.
Berlin Wall 
 In the late 1980s, Mikhail Gorbachev said that the Soviet Union would not use the Red Army to stop the people of Eastern and Middle Europe from changing their government.
Berlin Wall 
 Honecker had predicted in January 1989 that the wall would stand for a "hundred more years" if the conditions which had caused its construction did not change.
Berlin Wall 
 In November, 1989, the Central Committee of East Germany decided to make it easier for East Germans to pass through the wall.
Berlin Wall 
 A mistake by the press officer meant the border was opened several hours before it should have been.
Berlin Wall 
 Many collected souvenirs with chisels and some television stations filmed people hitting the wall with sledge hammers.
Berlin Wall 
 This image of people in West Berlin hitting the wall is often said to be East Berliners breaking out.
Berlin Wall 
 In the 28 years of its existence, between 125 and 206 people were killed when trying to cross the Berlin Wall.
Berlin Wall 
 The East Germans did not record all of the deaths, so the real number of how many people died may never be known.
Berlin Wall 
 Those people who were caught alive in an attempt to flee, had to go to jail for at least five years.
Berlin Wall 
 He was 24 years old and was shot by police, near the railway station of Berlin Friedrichstrasse, when he tried to get into the West.
Berlin Wall 
 This is unusual because the East German border police had orders to not shoot on pregnant women, children or mentally ill people.
Berlin Wall 
 This caused the wall to collapse in some areas, and more people could get through to the refugee camps that were set up on the other side.
Berlin Wall 
 was a speech made by United States President Ronald Reagan to Soviet Union leader Mikhail Gorbachev to destroy the wall.
Berlin Wall 
 By late 1989 the GDR was suffering from many problems such as a struggling economy, and large-scale protests.
Berlin Wall 
 The Hungarian regime had collapsed and  was dismantling its border fences with Austria by August 1989.
Berlin Wall 
 Since the Warsaw Pact allowed citizens to travel within the Soviet bloc, many East German tourists fled to the west via Hungary.
Berlin Wall 
 When the Hungarian government refused the GDR's demand to stop defectors, East Germany banned all travel to Hungary; prompting demonstrations and protest.
Berlin Wall 
 The Krenz regime decided to allow people to leave directly to the west through border checkpoints in East Berlin.
Berlin Wall 
 This prompted many East Germans, who learned about it broadcast from West German media, to go to the border crossings and demand to be let through immediately.
Berlin Wall 
 Border guards at each checkpoint told the people to go back home as they had no orders that the wall would open that night.
Berlin Wall 
 As time passed, the number of people arriving at the checkpoint was increasing and the guards were becoming alarmed.
Berlin Wall 
 They began taking the more aggressive people aside and stamped their passports with a special stamp that allowed them access to West Berlin however, the people were not aware that they were effectively revoking their East German citizenship and were shocked to be refused entry back into the GDR.
Berlin Wall 
 The Chief Guard of the checkpoint frantically telephoned his superiors hoping to get answers as to why so many people thought that the wall was to open.
Berlin Wall 
 By 22:45, it was clear that the outnumbered and overwhelmed border guards would not use their weapons to suppress the crowds.
Berlin Wall 
 The crowds of East Berliners were met with crowds of West Berliners in a happy scene as the Berlin wall had just fallen.
Berlin Wall 
 Many people even climbed up onto the wall by the Brandenburg Gate in protest and began to chisel away at the wall.
Berlin Wall 
 The GDR authorities responded to this initially by blasting the people with water cannons; this proved to be ineffective.
Berlin Wall 
 The fall of the wall destroyed the SED, the ruling party of the GDR, and caused many of its officials to resign.
Berlin Wall 
 The German Democratic Republic would cease to exist less than a year later; reuniting with the Federal Republic of Germany on October 3, 1990.
Berlin Wall 
 The real border was about one or two metres in front of the concrete wall, so that the whole of the wall complex was inside East Germany (only the East Berlin part of the wall was inside East Berlin).
Berlin Wall 
 After the Reunification of Germany in October 3, 1990, the Berlin Wall was demolished and taken away.
Berlin Wall 
 The East Berlin special police who guarded the wall had the order to shoot if this was necessary to stop people fleeing.
Berlin Wall 
 East German leaders such as Egon Krenz were arrested after German reunification because guards were ordered to shoot to kill.
Berlin Wall 
 However, after the Wall was built, many people were no longer able to leave East Berlin using normal border posts.
Berlin Wall 
 After the unification of Germany, border guards who had shot people were convicted by West German Courts.
Berlin Wall 
 The judges said, that some of the laws of the border police (about shooting) were against human rights.
Berlin Wall 
 A few days after the swap, a group of ecology protestors fled from the western police into East Berlin, over the Wall.
Łódź 
 There are two major football teams in Łódź: the first is called ŁKS Łódź and the second is Widzew Łódź.
Kraków 
 Kraków (Polish: Kraków; (pronounced: ); variant English spelling Cracow; in full Royal Capital City of Krakow, Polish: Królewskie Stołeczne Miasto Kraków) is one of the oldest and largest cities in Poland.
Kraków 
 Krakow is the capital of Lesser Poland Voivodeship (województwo małopolskie); before that it was the capital of Kraków Voivodship (since 14th century).
Kraków 
 During the mid-early 19th century, Krakow became an independent city-state, under the name of "The Free, Independent and Strictly Neutral City of Krakow".
Kraków 
 Pope John Paul II was raised in Krakow and was its archbishop from 1964 until he was elected as Pope in 1978.
Kraków 
 When it was later announced that the city will host World Youth Day in 2016, it will be a tribute to the late Pope who became a saint in 2014.
Portland, Oregon 
 About 538,544 people live in the city of Portland, and about 1,927,881 people live in the city's metropolitan area.
Portland, Oregon 
 Portland has the second most people of any city in the Northwest United States, after the city of Seattle.
Portland, Oregon 
 Some other nicknames of Portland are "Stumptown" (from the fact that Portland was built over a forest), and "Puddletown" (from the fact that it often rains in Portland).
Portland, Oregon 
 Some of these things are Powell's Books, Beverly Cleary (and some of her most popular fictional characters, Henry Huggins and Ramona Quimby, which also have statues in the city's Beverly Cleary Sculpture Garden for Children), and the Portland Trail Blazers basketball team.
Frame of reference 
 In physics, a frame of reference, or reference frame, is a perspective that one uses to determine if an object is moving.
Frame of reference 
 Typically the observer is at rest in the reference frame; in this context, the term is "observational frame of reference."
Frame of reference 
 For example, when you see a ball roll down a street, you can tell the ball is moving because the frame of reference is the streets, whatever may be on the side of the roads, or the Earth.
Frame of reference 
 When we walk from one side of a ship to the other, our frame of reference is the ship; whether the ship is moving is not relevant to that frame of reference.
Frame of reference 
 An inertial frame of reference is a frame that is either not moving or moving at a constant velocity.
Frame of reference 
 In other words, an inertial frame of reference has no net force acting upon it, and therefore Newton's laws of motion are observed.
Frame of reference 
 Inertial reference frames are often used in general relativity and special relativity to describe relative motion of observers or objects and the effects they will endure.
Frame of reference 
 If they are separated by a distance of 100 meters, the car in the back is moving at 10 meters per second and the car in front is moving at 5 meters per second, both relative to the ground.
Frame of reference 
 There are three obvious inertial reference frames that can be used to determine when the cars will be even with each other: one where the back car is not moving but the front car is moving backwards at 5 m/s, one where the front car is stationary and the back car is moving forward at 5 m/s, or one where the ground is not moving and the cars are moving at their given velocities.
Broadway 
 It is different from other streets in that it runs diagonally across the street grid of Manhattan, diagonally crossing newer streets.
Broadway 
 Times Square, where Broadway meets 7th Avenue and 42nd Street, is a center of entertainment and is famous for its many theaters and stage plays.
Broadway 
 One of the New York City Subway lines, the BMT Broadway Line, runs under the street in Manhattan, south of Times Square.
Schrödinger equation 
 The Schrödinger equation is a differential equation (a type of equation that involves an unknown function rather than an unknown number) that forms the basis of quantum mechanics, one of the most accurate theories of how subatomic particles behave.
Schrödinger equation 
 It defines a wave function of a particle or system (group of particles) which has a certain value at every point in space for every given time.
Schrödinger equation 
 These values have no physical meaning (in fact, they are mathematically complex), yet the wave function contains all information that can be known about a particle or system.
Schrödinger equation 
 This information can be found by mathematically manipulating the wave function to return real values relating to physical properties such as position, momentum, energy, etc.
Schrödinger equation 
 The wave function can be thought of as a picture of how this particle or system acts with time and describes it as fully as possible.
Schrödinger equation 
 The wave function can be in a number of different states at once, and so a particle may have many different positions, energies, velocities or other physical properties at the same time (i.e. "be in two places at once").
Schrödinger equation 
 However, when one of these properties is measured it has only one specific value (which cannot be definitely predicted), and the wave function is therefore in just one specific state.
Schrödinger equation 
 This is called wave function collapse and seems to be caused by the act of observation or measurement.
Schrödinger equation 
 The exact cause and interpretation of wave function collapse is still widely debated in the scientific community.
Schrödinger equation 
 where  is the square root of -1,  is the reduced Planck's constant,  is time,  is a position,  is the wave function, and  is the potential energy, an as yet not chosen function of position.
Schrödinger equation 
 Assuming that the wave function, , is separable, i.e. assuming the function of two variables can be written as the product of two different functions of a single variable:
Schrödinger equation 
 then, using standard mathematical techniques of Partial differential equations, it can be shown that the wave equation can be rewritten as two distinct differential equations
Schrödinger equation 
 where the first equation is solely dependent on time , and the second equation depends only on position , and where  is just a number.
Schrödinger equation 
 Solutions of the second equation depend on the potential energy function, , and so cannot be solved until this function is given.
Schrödinger equation 
 It can be shown using quantum mechanics that the number  is actually the energy of the system, so these separable wave functions describe systems of constant energy.
Schrödinger equation 
 Since energy is constant in many important physical systems (for example: an electron in an atom), the second equation of the set of separated differential equations presented above is often used.
Schrödinger equation 
 There are many philosophical interpretations of the wave function, and a few of the leading ideas will be considered here.
Schrödinger equation 
 The main idea, called the Born probability interpretation (named after physicist Max Born) comes from the simple idea that the wave function is square integrable; i.e.
Schrödinger equation 
 In other words, all that can be known in advance about a particle in general are probabilities, averages, and other statistical quantities associated with its physical quantities (position, momentum, etc.).
Schrödinger equation 
 Since the Born interpretation says that the actual position particle cannot be known, we can derive the following.
Schrödinger equation 
 When an observer comes and measures the position of the particle, then the superposition is reduced to a single possible wave function. (
Schrödinger equation 
 This idea that a particle's position cannot exactly be known, and that a particle exists in multiple positions simultaneously gives rise to the Uncertainty principle.
Schrödinger equation 
 This principle can be mathematically derived from the Fourier transforms between momentum and position as defined by quantum mechanics, but we will not derive it in this article.
Schrödinger equation 
 There are various other interpretations, such as the many-worlds interpretation, and quantum determinism.
Run (island) 
 During the history of the spice trade sailors of the British East India Company of the second expedition of James Lancaster, John Davis and John Middleton who stayed in Bantam on Java first reached the Island in 1603.
Run (island) 
 The first attempt in 1660 failed due to formal constraints by the Dutch; after the second in 1665 the English traders were expelled in the same year and the Dutch destroyed the nutmeg trees.
Run (island) 
 After the second Anglo-Dutch War of 1665–1667 England and the United Provinces of the Netherlands agreed in the Treaty of Breda to the status quo: The English kept the island of Manhattan which a fleet sent by the Duke of York (the future Charles II), had occupied illegally in 1664 and renamed from New Amsterdam to New York.
Run (island) 
 The Dutch monopoly on nutmeg and mace was destroyed by the transfer of nutmeg trees to Ceylon, Singapore and other British colonies in 1817 after the capture of the main Island Bandalontor in 1810 by Captain Cole.
Run (island) 
 This led to the decline of the Dutch supremacy in the spice trade, but there are still nutmeg trees growing on Run today.
Run (island) 
 Nathaniel's Nutmeg: or the True and Incredible Adventures of the Spice Trader Who Changed the Course of History.
Shinty 
 It involves 2 teams of twelve players using a stick (known as a "caman" from Scottish Gaelic) to put a ball in the opposing team's net.
Shinty 
 It was once played over all Scotland but is now played mostly in the Scottish Highlands and Highland communities in the big Scottish cities.
Shinty 
 It has a common ancestor with the Irish game of hurling and hurlers and shinty players sometimes hold internationals.
1229 
 February 18 – The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor signs a ten-year truce with al-Kamil, regaining Jerusalem, Nazareth, and Bethlehem with neither military engagements nor support from the papacy.
1229 
 March 18 – Sixth Crusade of Emperor Frederick II ends in truce with Sultan al-Kamil and coronation of Frederick as King of Jerusalem.
1626 
 September 30 – Nurhaci, chieftain of the Jurchens and founder of the Qing Dynasty dies and is succeeded by his son Huang Taiji.
1626 
 November 18 – The new St Peter's Basilica in the Vatican is consecrated, the anniversary of that of the previous church in 326.
1626 
 Peter Minuit, director of the New Netherland colony, begins a policy of "purchasing" Manhattan from the Lenape.
1626 
 The English Parliament impeach George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham, favorite of Charles I of England.
1244 
 Dogen Zenji establishes the Eiheiji temple in Japan, in doing so founding the Soto sect of Zen Buddhism.
1253 
 A series of naval wars begins between the Italian city-states of Genoa and Venice, which will continue sporadically until 1371.
1253 
 King Henry III of England meets with English nobles and church leaders to reaffirm the validity of the Magna Carta.
1253 
 Pope Innocent IV returns to Rome, having left nine years earlier in 1244 to depose Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, and being unable to return until after Frederick's death due to the agitation throughout Europe caused by that action.
1253 
 Having rebuffed the armed forces of Conrad IV of Germany, Pope Innocent IV offers Sicily to Edmund, son of King Henry III of England.
1627 
 July 22 – English under the Duke of Buckingham invade the Ré Island in support of the Huguenots in La Rochelle.
1645 
 March 31 – Fearing the spread of the plague, Edinburgh Town Council bans all gatherings except weddings and funerals
1645 
 April 10 – Because of the plague, Edinburgh town council orders that the college graduation ceremony should be brought forward so that students can leave the city (in November 19, teaching continues in Linlithgow)
1645 
 April 23 – English Civil War: 150 Irish soldiers bound for service with King Charles, were captured at sea by parliamentarians who celebrated St George's Day by joyfully killing them all at Pembroke.
1645 
 June 14 – English Civil War: Battle of Naseby – 12,000 Royalist forces are beaten by 15,000 Parliamentarian soldiers
1645 
 September 24 – English Civil War: Parliamentarians defeated Royalist cavalry at the Battle of Rowton Heath.
1645 
 October 11 – English Civil War The re-fortification of Bourne, Lincolnshire castle against threatened Royalist attack, was begun.
1645 
 Founding of the Stolberg-Wernigerode branch of the family of counts of Stolberg and Wernigerode in Germany
1072 
 Year 1072 (MLXXII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
1263 
 October – King Alexander III of Scotland defeats the Viking armada of King Haakon IV of Norway in the Battle of Largs.
1263 
 The chieftains of the eastern part of Iceland become the last to pledge fealty to the Norwegian king, bringing a more complete end to the Icelandic Commonwealth and the Icelandic civil war.
1264 
 May 12 to May 14 – The Battle of Lewes of the Second Barons' War is fought between Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester and King Henry III of England in Sussex.
1264 
 By the end of the battle, de Montfort's forces capture both King Henry and his brother, future King Edward I, making de Montfort the "uncrowned king of England" for 15 months before Edward escapes captivity and recaptures the throne.
1264 
 June 18 – The Parliament of Ireland meets at Castledermot in County Kildare, the first definitively known meeting of this Irish legislature.
1264 
 In Spain, King James I of Aragon reconquers the cities of Orihuela in Alicante and Elx in Valencia from the Moors, ending over 500 years of Islamic rule.
1264 
 The state of Hesse gains its independence from Thuringia and becomes a free state of the Holy Roman Empire.
1264 
 In the Peerage of England, the title Baron de Ros, the oldest continuously held peerage title in England, is created by writ of summons.
1641 
 Moses Amyraut's De l'elevation de la foy et de l'abaissement de la raison en la creance des mysteres de la religion is published.
1680 
 February – the Reverend Ralph Davenant dies leaving £100 in his will to start up a new school for the poor boys of Whitechapel, in the East End.
1680 
 February 23 – Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville, French colonizer and Governor of Louisiana (died 1767)
Hierarchy 
 A hierarchy (in ; this comes from -hieros, sacred, and -arkho, rule) is a way of ranking and organizing things or people.
Hierarchy 
 Another example would be an army that might have a general, followed by colonels, corporals, and sergeants, then privates.
Hierarchy 
 In democracy this is done by educating people in the issues and then voting - in an election to choose leaders, or a referendum to actually choose one option from several.
Hierarchy 
 Competing power networks each form a political party and each offers only one leader or one option to the public, to simplify the issues to make decisions possible.
Hierarchy 
 After the decision, they typically do not fight it to the point of civil war, but wait for the next election.
Hierarchy 
 In dictatorship this is done by asking one powerful person to make the decision and then agreeing to force everyone to follow it.
Hierarchy 
 Any who will not are exiled, imprisoned, or killed, even if the decision is not very important, since the refusal to follow is taken as a challenge to the power structure itself.
Sultan 
 The word, sultana began to be used (as the feminine version of the Italian word for sultano) in the 16th century in Italy, to describe the  wife, mother, daughter, or concubine of a sultan.
Sultan 
 During the 20th century, several Sultans in the Arab world changed their title to "Malik", which means "king" in Arabic.
States and union territories of India 
 The Republic of India is divided into twenty-eight States and eight union territories, including the National Capital Territory.