the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_embeddings huggingface dataset:
Pablo Neruda 
 Neruda had a number of siblings, he had a sister that was stillborn when he was 3 or 4 years old and from his father's second marriage, a stepbrother, Ricardo Reyes Candia, and a stepsister, Laura Reyes Candia, - both children from his "mother" Trinidad Candia and his father DonReyes.
Pablo Neruda 
 Some of Neruda’s dog and also Tierney poetry is very difficult to understand because they are about events of World history such as the colonization of America, the Spanish Civil War, Nazi Germany and other conflicts.
Pablo Neruda 
 In some of his poetry Neruda tends to link historical events from different eras (periods of history) and different parts of the world into one major conflict as in his Canto General (1950).
Pablo Neruda 
 But Neruda also wrote poetry that can be easily appreciated by all, such as his odes which Neruda wrote on all sorts of common things, such onions, lemons, and the common cat.
Pablo Neruda 
 Neruda was very concerned in how his poetry sounded, he liked rhythm and many claim he had a “musical intelligence” i.e. he wrote with music in his mind.
Pablo Neruda 
 He would record many of his poems on a tape recorder and many of his recordings were sold like records in the Spanish speaking world.
Pablo Neruda 
 Many academics and scholars consider Neruda to be one of the most important and widely read poets of the 1900s.
Pablo Neruda 
 This is probably because Neruda wrote poems on all sorts of topics, appealing to people of all ages and interests: poems about love, on historical events (like wars), he wrote about native people, about nature and about simple things.
Pablo Neruda 
 He had one of the largest collections of seashells in the world and collected bottles, model ships, water taps - among other odd objects.
Pablo Neruda 
 Many of Neruda’s poems have been used in movies and in music, such as in the classical music of the Greek composer Mikis Theodorakis, and in the movies, such as "Il Postino" or "Patch Adams".
Pablo Neruda 
 Many famous people have also recorded narrations (spoken word) of his poems, such as Julia Roberts, Madonna, Andy Garcia, and Glen Close.
Nanjing Massacre 
 The Nanjing Massacre was a massacre (an unjust killing of many people) that happened in Nanjing, China, in December of 1937 and January of 1938.
Nanjing Massacre 
 It was part of the Second Sino-Japanese War, which was the part of World War II between China and Japan.
Nanjing Massacre 
 The Japanese Army reached Nanjing on 13 December 1937 and began killing thousands upon thousands of men and boys and raping thousands upon thousands of women and girls.
Nanjing Massacre 
 Some Japanese claim the fighting in Nanjing was the same or not much worse than fighting in other places and in other wars.
Nanjing Massacre 
 There is a lot of evidence from the Chinese, from outsiders who were there, from outsiders who have studied it, and from the Japanese themselves that things were much worse.
Nanjing Massacre 
 There were many, many war crimes: soldiers without weapons were killed; people who were not soldiers were killed; many were tortured (hurt very badly), mutilated (hurt ways that can never be fixed), or killed in very cruel ways; many were raped (forced to have sex) or forced to work and treated like things.
Nanjing Massacre 
 We have the orders from the soldier's leaders telling them to do these kinds of things and not to follow rules against them.
Nanjing Massacre 
 The Nanjing Massacre was so bad that some even think of it as a kind of genocide (trying to wipe out an entire group of people).
Nanjing Massacre 
 The memory of the Nanjing Massacre—and anger at attempts to deny that it happened or to honor the soldiers who led it at the Yasukuni Shrine in Tokyo—still cause difficulty between the Chinese and Japanese governments and between Chinese and Japanese people.
Nanjing Massacre 
 The name of Nanjing has not changed: it was  then and now, but people have changed the way they spell the sounds of Chinese names using the Latin alphabet. "
Nanjing Massacre 
 Nanking" was the Postal Map spelling, which usually tried to spell words the way local people said them around the year 1900. "
Nanjing Massacre 
 The Mandarin Chinese name for the Nanjing Massacre is the Nánjīng Dàtúshā, which means the same thing. (
Nanjing Massacre 
 Part-by-part, dàtúshā could mean "a big butchering and killing" but, taken all together, it is just the Chinese word for "massacre".)
Nanjing Massacre 
 It is written  in traditional Chinese writing and  in the easier Chinese writing now used by mainland China and Singapore.
Nanjing Massacre 
 The Japanese can use similar names but often prefer to call it the Nankin Jiken, which just means "The Thing that Happened in Nanjing".
Nanjing Massacre 
 During the six weeks of the Nanjing massacre, the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) massacred between 40,000 and 300,000 people.
Nanjing Massacre 
 It is difficult to know exactly how many people were killed in this mass murder, because the IJA burnt many bodies, buried others in mass graves, and dumped others in the Yangtze River.
Nanjing Massacre 
 However, historians agree that the Imperial Japanese Army began massacring Chinese civilians the day they entered Nanjing.
Nanjing Massacre 
 On that day, John Rabe, a German businessman, wrote in his diary: "We come across corpses every 100 to 200 yards.
Nanjing Massacre 
 For the entire six weeks of the Massacre, the Imperial Japanese Army kept killing Chinese civilians.
Nanjing Massacre 
 Another ex-soldier named Nagatoni admitted that Japanese soldiers tortured people to death by doing things like:
Nanjing Massacre 
 In the film, former IJA soldiers admit that they often raped Chinese women and massacred Chinese civilians.
Nanjing Massacre 
 However, out of the 250 former soldiers that Matsuoka interviewed, only three felt bad about what they had done.
Nanjing Massacre 
 During the Massacre, the Japanese soldiers raped about 20,000 women  including children and the elderly.p.
Nanjing Massacre 
 Right after they raped the women, the Japanese soldiers would often kill them, sometimes by mutilating their sex organs.
Nanjing Massacre 
 One survivor of the massacre said that sons were forced to rape their mothers, and fathers were forced to rape their daughters.
Nanjing Massacre 
 One group of soldiers gang-raped a pregnant woman, who gave birth only a few hours later (the baby did not seem to be hurt).
Nanjing Massacre 
 Starting in 1931, an international law called the Third Geneva Convention said it was illegal to treat prisoners of war in certain ways.
Nanjing Massacre 
 However, in August 1937, Hirohito, the Emperor of Japan, had decided that neither he nor the army would not follow any international laws about how Chinese prisoners of war had to be treated.
Nanjing Massacre 
 Without any trials, the IJA took many of these young men to the Yangtze River and killed them with machine guns.
Nanjing Massacre 
 According to confessions made by former IJA soldiers, on December 13 and 14, 1937, a unit of IJA soldiers had taken 14,777 Chinese prisoners of war.
Nanjing Massacre 
 In their confessions, the former IJA soldiers said their military leaders had ordered them to do this.
Nanjing Massacre 
 Over the six weeks of the massacre, the IJA killed a total of about 30,000 Chinese prisoners of war.p.
Nanjing Massacre 
 Because the Imperial Japanese Army was so much stronger than the Chinese soldiers and civilians in Nanjing, the Chinese could not fight back.
Nanjing Massacre 
 To try Japan's leaders for war crimes and crimes against humanity, they created the International Military Tribunal for the Far East (IMTFE).
Nanjing Massacre 
 As of 2014, Japan still honored fourteen "Class A" war criminalsincluding the three who were in charge of the Nanjing Massacreat a national shrine.
Nanjing Massacre 
 There is a lot of proof that the Nanjing Massacre happened the way most historians and survivors say it did.
Nanjing Massacre 
 Letters, diaries, and memories from people, like doctors and missionaries, who stayed to try to help
Nanjing Massacre 
 For example, American missionary John Magee stayed in Nanjing so he could record what was happening on film and with photographs
Neoliberalism 
 Originally the term was used by a group of liberals who helped shape social market economy in the mid 20th century.
Neoliberalism 
 Classic liberalism characterized by free market trade, deregulation of financial markets, mercantilism and the shift away from state welfare provision.
Neoliberalism 
 Alexander Rustow was the first economist to develop this concept, looking after a Social Democracy system rather than a Laissez Faire Capitalist Society.
Neoliberalism 
 In the application of neoliberal ideals, the state might also intervene and regulate, for example, to prevent exploitation, or to ensure social fairness and equality.
Neoliberalism 
 Neoliberalism is antithetical to the protection of group - rather than individual - interests, for example, that might be achieved through lobbying of groups, or state interventions that protect national interests via tariffs or subsidies.
Neoliberalism 
 Since the 1990s the term has been consistently used in academia to imply the move from welfare state to laissez faire economic management, particularly associated with the promotion of free market ideals in the late 1980s by Margaret Thatcher in the UK and Ronald Reagan in the US.
Cartel 
 In economics, a cartel is a group of formerly independent companies who overtly agree to work together.
Cartel 
 Cartels usually occur in oligopolies, where there are a small number of players that control the majority of supply in a market.
Cartel 
 Besides the sellers' cartel just described, buyers may also form cartels to suppress the price of a purchased input.
Cartel 
 In bid rigging potential suppliers form an agreement as to which of them will win a supply contract at a price above the competitive price and, if one of them wins, then agree to a rule for sharing the extra profits among themselves.
Cartel 
 People of the same trade seldom meet together, even for merriment and diversion, but the conversation ends in a conspiracy against the public, or in some contrivance to raise prices.
Cartel 
 A survey was done of hundreds of published economic studies and legal decisions of antitrust authorities.
Cartel 
 Private international cartels (those with participants from two or more nations) had an average price increase of 28%.
Cartel 
 In general, cartel agreements are difficult to negotiate because potential members typically have different ideal collusive prices.
Cartel 
 Once formed, cartels tend to be economically unstable, primarily because there is a profit incentive for members to cheat by selling at below the agreed price or selling more than the production quotas set by the cartel (see also game theory).
Cartel 
 Cheating on prices is difficult for cartel members to observe, so more successful cartels often agree to fix their market quotas, share verifiable information about those shares, and agree in advance on some mechanism to punish members that exceed their quotas.
Cartel 
 This has caused many cartels that attempt to set product prices to be unsuccessful in the long term.
Cartel 
 Empirical studies of 20th century cartels have determined that the mean duration of discovered cartels is from 5 to 8 years.
Cartel 
 However, once a cartel is broken, the incentives to form the cartel return and the cartel may be re-formed.
Cartel 
 Publicly-known cartels that do not follow this cycle include the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC).
Cartel 
 When the agreement to control price is sanctioned by a multilateral treaty or protected by national sovereignty, no antitrust actions may be initiated.
Cartel 
 Examples of such price fixing include oil whose price is partly controlled by the supply by OPEC countries.
Cartel 
 Also international airline tickets have prices fixed by agreement with the IATA, a practice for which there is a specific exception in antitrust law.
Cartel 
 International price fixing by private entities can be prosecuted under the antitrust laws of more than 100 countries.