the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_embeddings huggingface dataset:
England 
 As part of the United Kingdom, the basic political system in England is a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary system.
England 
 The head of state is Queen Elizabeth II, who is officially the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
England 
 In the House of Commons which is the lower house of the British Parliament based at the Palace of Westminster, there are 532 Members of Parliament (MPs) for constituencies in England, out of the 650 total.
England 
 Although the monarchy was restored after his death, the Crown slowly became the secondary power, and Parliament the first.
England 
 Members of Parliament (called MPs) were elected, but until the early twentieth century, only men who owned property could vote.
England 
 A party with more than half the seats (a majority) forms the government; the leader of the party becomes the Prime Minister, who then appoints other ministers.
England 
 England's economy is one of the largest and most dynamic in the world, with an average GDP per capita of £28,100 or $36,000.
England 
 Usually regarded as a mixed market economy, it has adopted many free market principles, yet maintains an advanced social welfare infrastructure.
England 
 Taxation in England is quite competitive when compared to much of the rest of Europe – as of 2014 the basic rate of personal tax is 20% on taxable income up to £31,865 above the personal tax-free allowance (normally £10,000), and 40% on any additional earnings above that amount.
England 
 The economy of England is the largest part of the UK's economy, which has the 18th highest GDP PPP per capita in the world.
England 
 England is a leader in the chemical and pharmaceutical sectors and in key technical industries, particularly aerospace, the arms industry, and the manufacturing side of the software industry.
England 
 London, home to the London Stock Exchange, the United Kingdom's main stock exchange and the largest in Europe, is England's financial centre, with 100 of Europe's 500 largest corporations being based there.
England 
 London is the largest financial centre in Europe, and as of 2014 is the second largest in the world.
England 
 Manchester is the largest financial and professional services sector outside London and is the mid tier private equity capital of Europe as well as one of the growing technology hubs of Europe.
England 
 These consist of academy schools, grammar schools, foundation schools, faith schools, free schools, studio schools, university technical colleges and city technology colleges.
England 
 The most common specialist schools are performing arts schools, science schools, maths schools, business schools and technology schools.
England 
 The school curriculum aims to promote the spiritual, moral, cultural, mental and physical development of pupils.
England 
 Its purpose is to prepare them for the opportunities, responsibilities and experiences of later life.
England 
 Learning  generally covers English literature, English language, maths, science, art and design, citizenship, religious education, geography, history,  computing, design and technology, drama, ancient and modern foreign languages, business studies, food technology, music and physical education.
England 
 Many prominent people who have reached the top in their fields have been products of English higher education.
England 
 Imperial College, University College London and Manchester University are also highly rated by independent lists.
England 
 Road traffic in the United Kingdom drives on the left hand side of the road (unlike the Americas and most of Europe), and the driver steers from the right hand side of the vehicle.
England 
 The road network on the island of Great Britain is extensive, with most local and rural roads having evolved from Roman and Medieval times.
England 
 The system of rail transport was invented in England, so it has the oldest railway network in the world.
England 
 The British Rail network is part privatised, with privately owned train operating companies providing service along particular lines or regions, whilst the tracks, signals and stations are owned by a Government controlled company called Network Rail.
England 
 The system of underground railways in London, known as the Tube, has been copied by many other cities around the globe.
England 
 England is home to the largest airport and is one of the most important international hubs in the world.
England 
 The organisation is run by a group of twelve governors who have been given the job by the Queen, on the advice of government ministers.
England 
 English culture can be compared with Northern European countries, in the way that it is considered a bad thing to show off, as opposed to the US, where this is more acceptable.
England 
 In the 2018 FIFA World Cup, they came close again only to be knocked out in the semi-final, losing 2-1 to Croatia.
England 
 The counties of England are areas used for different purposes, which include administrative, geographical, cultural and political demarcation.
England 
 The historic counties of Yorkshire, Cumberland, Westmorland, Huntingdonshire and Middlesex are the five defunct ceremonial counties which were historically counties.
England 
 With their abolition as ceremonial counties, Yorkshire is divided for that purpose into the East Riding of Yorkshire, North Yorkshire, South Yorkshire and West Yorkshire, Cumberland and Westmorland were combined with a former exclave of Lancashire to form Cumbria, Huntingdonshire merged into Cambridgeshire, and the vast majority of Middlesex became part of Greater London.
England 
 A recent series of flags, with varying levels of official adoption, have been established in many of the counties by competition or public poll.
England 
 Twelve of the 51 cities in England are in metropolitan counties and their city councils are single-tier metropolitan district councils.
England 
 Outside the metropolitan counties eleven cities are unitary authorities, and fifteen have ordinary district councils, which are subordinate to their local county council.
Wales 
 Although not all Welsh people can speak Welsh, it is a real living language for about 20% of Welsh people.
Wales 
 That was eventually used for the name of all Celts and later to all people who lived in the Roman empire.
Wales 
 The Anglo-Saxons who lived in England and who spoke Old English called the people living in Wales Wælisc and the land itself Wēalas.
Wales 
 In the past, the words Wales and Welsh were used to mean anything that the Anglo-Saxons associated with the Celtic Britons.
Wales 
 That included Cornwall, Walworth, and Walton, as well as things associated with non-Germanic Europeans like walnuts.
Wales 
 After Llywelyn ap Gruffudd died in 1282, Edward I of England finished his conquest of Wales, which made it a part of England.
Wales 
 However, after he was defeated by the English, the whole of Wales was taken over by England, with the Laws in Wales Acts 1535–1542.
Wales 
 In the 16th century, the Laws in Wales Acts 1535–1542 were passed in England while Henry VIII was king there.
Wales 
 In the last three centuries the products of those rocks have transformed what was once an agricultural landscape.
Wales 
 At the start of the industrial revolution, the mining and metal industries transformed the country from an agricultural society into an industrial country.
Wales 
 This is the reason why two-thirds of the population live in South Wales, mainly in the capital Cardiff (Caerdydd), as well as Swansea (Abertawe), Newport (Casnewydd), and in the nearby valleys.
Wales 
 Now that the coal industry has become a lot smaller, Wales' economy depends mostly on the public sector, light and service industries and tourism.
Wales 
 In 2010, the Gross Value Added of Wales was £45.5 billion - £15,145 per head, 74.0% of the average for the UK, and the lowest GVA per head in Britain.
Wales 
 Liberalism in Wales, which was introduced in the early 20th century by Lloyd George, was overtaken by the growth of socialism and the Labour Party.
Wales 
 However, Welsh pride got stronger, and in 1925 Plaid Cymru was made, which was the first political party to campaign for Welsh independence.
Wales 
 In 1962, the Welsh Language Society was made to encourage the Welsh language, which had nearly disappeared during the take over by England.
Wales 
 A big change was made in 1998, when the first Government of Wales for the country since its addition to the United Kingdom under the Government of Wales Act (1998).
Wales 
 The Senedd has responsibility for a range of laws which have been devolved from the main UK government in Westminster.
Wales 
 This means the members of the Assembly can change certain laws in Wales to be different to the rest of the UK.
Wales 
 The highest mountains in Wales are in Gwynedd, in the north-west, and include Snowdon (), which is the highest peak in Wales at 1085 m (3,560 ft).
Wales 
 There are three National Parks in Wales: Snowdonia (), Brecon Beacons (), and Pembrokeshire Coast ().
Wales 
 These areas are responsible for local government services, such as education, social work, environment and roads services.
Wales 
 The list to the right of the map shows counties, unless they are marked *, meaning they are cities, or † for County Boroughs.
Wales 
 Although Wales is very close to the rest of Great Britain, and despite most people speaking English, the country has always had a distinct culture.
Wales 
 In some parts of the north and west of the country, particularly in small, rural communities, the majority of people speak Welsh.
Wales 
 From the late 19th century, Wales became famous as the "land of song", and for its Eisteddfod culture festival.
Wales 
 At many international sport events, for example the FIFA World Cup, the Rugby World Cup, and the Commonwealth Games, Wales competes on its own, as a separate country.
Wales 
 However, at most international events, such at the Olympics, Wales competes with the rest of the Great Britain, and sometimes as the United Kingdom with Northern Ireland included.
Wales 
 The A55 road is the main road along the north Wales coast, and connects Holyhead and Bangor with Wrexham and Flintshire.
Wales 
 The main road between North and South Wales is the A470 road, which goes from the capital Cardiff to Llandudno.
Wales 
 It has flights to Europe, Africa and North America and is about  southwest of Cardiff, in the Vale of Glamorgan.
Wales 
 Flights between places in Wales run between Anglesey (Valley) and Cardiff, and are operated by the Isle of Man airline called Manx2 Other internal flights operate to northern England, Scotland and Northern Ireland.
Wales 
 Trains from north to south Wales go through the English towns of Chester and Shrewsbury on the Welsh Marches Line.
Wales 
 However, the South Wales Main Line which is used by trains going from London Paddington to Cardiff and Swansea, is electric.
Wales 
 The Swansea to Cork ferry which was stopped in 2006, but then opened again in March 2010, and closed again in 2012.
Scotland 
 To the south of Scotland is England, the North Sea is to the east, the Atlantic Ocean is to the west and the Irish Sea is to the south-west.
Scotland 
 The capital city of Scotland is Edinburgh on the east coast, but the biggest city is Glasgow on the west coast.
Scotland 
 Most of the population lives in the Central Belt, an area between the Scottish Highlands and the Scottish Lowlands.
Scotland 
 Unlike most of Great Britain, most of Scotland was not part of the Roman Empire (only the southern half of Scotland -then named Caledonia- was under roman control for a century) and did not become part of Anglo-Saxon England.
Scotland 
 In that year, the king of Scotland inherited the two kingdoms of Elizabeth I, and James VI of Scotland became the first king of the whole British Isles.
Scotland 
 In 1707, the parliament of Scotland joined with the parliament of England to become the Parliament of Great Britain.
Scotland 
 Throughout its history Scotland has had its own legal system (Scots law), church (the Church of Scotland), schools, and culture.
Scotland 
 An image of a red lion "rampant" (standing on its back legs) on a gold background with a red border is the traditional coat of arms of the Scots monarchy.
Scotland 
 The mainland of Scotland makes up ⅓ of the size of the Great Britain, and is to the northwest of mainland Europe.
Scotland 
 The island of Ireland is only 30 kilometres (20 mi) from the southern part of Kintyre, Norway is 305 kilometres (190 mi) to the east and the Faroe Islands are 270 kilometres (168 mi) to the north.
Scotland 
 Scotland's land also includes several islands, including the Inner and Outer Hebrides off the west coast and the archipelagoes of Orkney and Shetland to the north of the mainland.
Scotland 
 Compared to the other areas of the islands of Great Britain and Ireland, Scotland is sparsely populated, most especially the north-western half of it.
Scotland 
 The main geographical feature that dictates this is the Highland Boundary Fault which roughly splits the country in half from the southwest to the northeast.
Scotland 
 To the north and west of the Highland Boundary Fault are the more mountainous Scottish Highlands and islands, and this half of the country contains less than 5% of the total population.
Scotland 
 To the south and east of the Highland Boundary Fault is the Scottish Lowlands, which contain the vast majority (about 75%) of the Scottish population, and 3 of the 4 biggest cities (Glasgow which is 1st, Edinburgh which is 2nd, and Dundee which is 4th).
Scotland 
 They are less densely populated than the lowlands, but still a lot more dense than the highlands and islands.
Scotland 
 Located within the central part of the lowlands is the "Central Belt", a rectangle of land roughly 88 kilometres (55 miles) from West to East and 48 kilometres (30 miles) North to South.
Scotland 
 About half of the population of Scotland lives within these roughly 4,530 square kilometres (or 1,750 square miles), which is a little more than 2% of the total land area of Scotland.
Scotland 
 This is the area between Scotland’s two largest cities - Glasgow, at the Central Belt’s Western end, and Edinburgh, at the Central Belt’s Eastern end.
Scotland 
 This area is geographically bound by two bays of water – the Firth of Clyde to the West and the Firth of Forth to the East.
Scotland 
 It is the most fertile Earth in Scotland, which is why it is so population-dense, compared to the rest of the country.
Scotland 
 The tallest mountain in Scotland is Ben Nevis, which is also the tallest mountain in the British Isles.
Scotland 
 The history of Scotland begins when humans first began to live in Scotland after the end of the last ice age.
Scotland 
 Of the Stone Age, Bronze Age, and Iron Age civilization that existed in the country, many fossils remain, but no written records were left behind.
Scotland 
 St Kilda, Heart of Neolithic Orkney and Skara Brae are all World Heritage Sites, as are the Antonine Wall and New Lanark on the mainland.
Scotland 
 Because of where Scotland is in the world and its strong reliance on trade routes by sea, the nation held close links in the south and east with the Baltic countries, and through Ireland with France and Europe.
Scotland 
 Following the Acts of Union and Industrial Revolution, Scotland grew to be one of the largest commercial, intellectual and industrial states in Europe.
Scotland 
 The Roman army left Great Britain in the 5th century, and by the time Roman military had fought many wars with the Picts.
Scotland 
 The Pictish language went extinct, and people in the 10th-century kingdom of Alba spoke the Goidelic language, Scots Gaelic.
Scotland 
 Most of the Scottish islands were ruled by the Norse (and then by Norwegians and Danes) for over four hundred years.
Scotland 
 The Wars of Scottish Independence were many military campaigns fought between Scotland and England in the late 13th and early 14th centuries.
Scotland 
 The First War (1296–1328) began with the Edward I of England's invasion of Scotland in 1296, and ended with the signing of the Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton in 1328.
Scotland 
 The Second War (1332–1357) began with the English-supported invasion of Scotland by Edward Balliol and the 'Disinherited' in 1332, and ended around 1357 with the signing of the Treaty of Berwick.
Scotland 
 The wars were part of a great national crisis for Scotland and the period became one of the most important moments in the nation's history.
Scotland 
 The wars were also important for other reasons, such as the invention of the longbow as an important weapon in medieval warfare.
Scotland 
 A series of deaths in the line of succession in the 1280s, followed by King Alexander III's death in 1286 left the Scottish crown in crisis.
Scotland 
 Edward I of England, as Margaret's great-uncle, suggested that his son (also a child) and Margaret should marry, stabilising the Scottish line of succession.
Scotland 
 In 1290 Margaret's guardians agreed to this, but Margaret herself died in Orkney on her voyage from Norway to Scotland before she was made Queen, or her wedding could take place.
Scotland 
 Because there was no clear heir to the throne anymore, the Scottish people decided to ask Edward I of England to choose their king.
Scotland 
 Robert Bruce decided to accept this decision (his grandson and namesake later took the throne as Robert I).
Scotland 
 Over the next few years, Edward I kept trying to undermine both the authority of King John and the independence of Scotland.
Scotland 
 In 1295, John, on the recommendation of his chief councillors, entered into an alliance with France.
Scotland 
 The following year William Wallace and Andrew de Moray raised an army from the southern and northern parts of the country to fight the English.
Scotland 
 Bruce went on to take the crown, but Edward's army overran the country yet again after defeating Bruce's small army at the Battle of Methven.
Scotland 
 Despite the excommunication of Bruce and his followers by Pope Clement V, his support slowly strengthened; and by 1314, with the help of leading nobles such as Sir James Douglas and the Earl of Moray, only the castles at Bothwell and Stirling were still under English control.
Scotland 
 His heir, Edward II, moved an army north to break the siege of Stirling Castle and again take control.
Scotland 
 In 1320, a letter to the Pope from the nobles of Scotland (the Declaration of Arbroath) went part of the way towards convincing Pope John XXII to overturn the earlier excommunication and cancel the various acts of submission by Scottish kings to English ones so that Scotland's independence could be recognised by other European countries.
Scotland 
 The parliament was made from an earlier council of nobility and clergy around 1235, but in 1326 representatives of the burghs—the burgh commissioners—joined them to form the Three Estates.
Scotland 
 In 1328, Edward III signed the Treaty of Northampton which declared Scottish independence under the rule of Robert the Bruce.
Scotland 
 Four years after Robert's death in 1329, England invaded Scotland yet again, looking to put the "Rightful King"—Edward Balliol, son of John Balliol—to the Scottish throne, starting the Second War of Independence.
Scotland 
 In the face of tough Scottish resistance, led by Sir Andrew Murray, attempts to secure Balliol on the throne failed.
Scotland 
 Balliol finally resigned his empty claim to the throne to Edward in 1356, before retiring to Yorkshire, where he died in 1364.
Scotland 
 The king of Scotland was the queen's heir apparent, and James VI of Scotland (son of Mary, Queen of Scots) became king of England and king of Ireland.
Scotland 
 James VI and I (from Scotland's House of Stuart) went to England to control the government, and none of Scotland's kings came to Scotland for more than one hundred years.
Scotland 
 In 1707, Scotland and England were joined in the Act of Union to make one big Kingdom, the Kingdom of Great Britain.
Scotland 
 Scots colonists emigrated throughout the empire, and a large diaspora of Scots lives throughout the world as a result.
Scotland 
 The Jacobites wanted the Roman Catholic House of Stuart, and not the Protestant House of Hanover to be kings of Britain and of Ireland.
Scotland 
 At that time the government's British Army stopped the Catholic rebellion led by Charles Edward Stuart.
Scotland 
 Scots-speakers and English-speakers moved many Gaelic speakers off lands in the Scottish Highlands, and many emigrated to the British Empire and the United States.
Scotland 
 The Scottish Parliament, Scottish Government, and the office of first minister of Scotland was set up in 1999.
Scotland 
 One first minister of Scotland, Alex Salmond, led the Scottish National Party's Scottish Government from 2007.
Scotland 
 in 2014, the Scottish independence referendum ended in a majority (55%) voting against independence from the United Kingdom.
Scotland 
 English is spoken by most people in Scotland, while only a small number, mostly in the Western Isles, speaks Scottish Gaelic.
Scotland 
 Scottish Gaelic began declining in the late Middle Ages when Scottish kings and nobles preferred English.
Scotland 
 Three of the big cities, Glasgow, Edinburgh and Dundee, have two or three big football teams, and most cities have at least one team.
Scotland 
 These two Glasgow clubs have a lot of history, and are fierce rivals, often causing fights, riots and even murders between the fans.
Scotland 
 Rangers are world record holders, having won the most amount of league titles of any football team, currently 55.
Scotland 
 Scotland were the winners of the Homeless World Cup in 2007 and are the current champions after they won in August 2011.
Scotland 
 These teams are in the Premier League right now, and usually take the most places in the top six of the league.
Scotland 
 Some other Scottish clubs include Gretna, who won three titles in a row, moving from the Third Division, to the SPL in only three seasons.
Scotland 
 The top division of Scottish Football is called the "Scottish Premier League" (or SPL), and is currently sponsored by the Clydesdale Bank, a large Scottish Bank.
Scotland 
 In 1925, 1984 and 1990, Scotland were winners of the Five Nations' Gran Slam, having beaten all four other teams - England, Wales, Ireland and France.
Scotland 
 It is unique, as Scotland is the birthplace of golf, and there are many public golf courses where people can play for small fees.
Scotland 
 Colin Montgomery is one of the best players never to have won a major championship after finishing second five times.
Scotland 
 Jim Clark was a 2-time F1 World Champion and regarded as one of the best ever with Fangio, Schumacher and Senna.
Scotland 
 Elephant Polo, registered as an Olympic sport with the Nepal Olympic Committee, was invented by Scotsman Nathan Mochan in 1983.
Scotland 
 Andy Murray, originally from Scotland, is currently the United Kingdom's best tennis player, having won singles titles at the US Open, and Wimbledon, where his 2013 win ended a 77-year wait for a British man to win the competition.
Scotland 
 Traditional Scottish musical instruments include: the bagpipe, accordion, the fiddle, the harp and tin whistle.
Northern Ireland 
 Northern Ireland (, Ulster ) is a constituent country of the United Kingdom, which is on the island of Ireland.
Northern Ireland 
 The whole island of Ireland used to be a kingdom, called the Kingdom of Ireland but after the Act of Union in the year 1800, it became part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
Northern Ireland 
 This stayed until 1922, after a civil war, when Ireland was divided into the Republic of Ireland, the sovereign state that takes up the southern part of the island, and Northern Ireland, which stayed as part of the UK.
Northern Ireland 
 About 1.8 million people live in Northern Ireland, which has the capital and largest city is Belfast.
Northern Ireland 
 The historic administrative roles of its 6 counties have since 1972 been replaced by 26 unitary authorities Counties of Northern Ireland.