the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_embeddings huggingface dataset:
Rudolf Vrba 
 Rudolf "Rudi" Vrba (September 11, 1924 – March 27, 2006), was a Professor in the Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics at the University of British Columbia in Canada.
Rudolf Vrba 
 After escaping, he passed information to the Allies who were fighting the Axis Powers during the Second World War.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 Auschwitz II (Birkenau) was the largest extermination camp (death camp) run by Nazi Germany during The Holocaust.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 These camps were established because there were too many Polish prisoners and not enough room in "local" prisons to hold them in.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 In German, Auschwitz was called Konzentrationslager Auschwitz (KZ Auschwitz), which means "Auschwitz concentration camp."
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 The Schutzstaffel (SS), led by Heinrich Himmler, ran the death camps and concentration camps in Nazi Germany.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 However, historians estimate that between 1940 and 1945, the Nazis sent at least 1.3 million people to Auschwitz.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 Usually, the SS put all children, most women, all elderly people, people who looked sick, and people who looked like they could not work in this group.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 They called this poison gas Zyklon B. This gas was a very efficient way of killing the prisoners, and could kill everyone exposed to it within 20 minutes.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 I]n [the SS guards'] rapid and summary choice each one of us had been judged capable or not of working usefully for the [Third] Reich.... [W]e know that of our [group] no more than ninety-six men and twenty-nine women entered the [camps], and that of all the others, more than five hundred in number, not one was living two days later…
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 We saw them for a short while as an obscure mass at the other end of the platform; then we saw nothing more.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 They worked at Auschwitz I; at an IG Farben factory at Auschwitz III; and at munitions factories in the sub-camps.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 Records say that between 1940 and 1945, about 405,000 people worked as slave laborers, and about 84% of them (340,000) died.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 The SS would send these people to the camp "hospital" so Mengele could do medical experiments on them.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 Kapos and Sonderkommandos made it possible for a small number of SS guards to control tens of thousands of prisoners at Auschwitz.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 [W]e had to line up in five rows... [SS guard] Frizsch announced: "This is Auschwitz Concentration Camp... Any resistance or disobedience will be ruthlessly punished.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 From 1940-1941, at any time, there were between 13,000 and 16,000 prisoners in Auschwitz I. By 1942, there were 20,000.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 Most of these prisoners were not Jewish, because most of the Jewish prisoners were sent to Auschwitz II.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 At Auschwitz, the prisoners had to put marks on their uniforms to show why they were sent to Auschwitz.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 For example, Jewish prisoners had to sew two yellow triangles onto their clothes, in the shape of a Star of David.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 Starvation cells: The SS would lock prisoners into these rooms, and did not give them any water or food.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 The SS would leave prisoners hanging like this for hours or days, sometimes until the prisoners died.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 The SS tried killing prisoners with Zyklon B for the first time at Auschwitz I, on 3rd September 1941.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 In their first test, the SS used Zyklon B on 600 prisoners of war from the Soviet Union and about 250 Polish people.p.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 88 When the gas killed these prisoners, the SS realized that they could kill people much more quickly with Zyklon B than they could by shooting them.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 After 1942, they made the gas chamber an air-raid shelter for the SS to hide in if Allied planes were dropping bombs nearby.pp.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 From about March 1941 to January 1945, Nazi Dr. Carl Clauberg did medical experiments on many women at Auschwitz.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 As part of this plan, the Nazis sterilized many people so they could not have children who were not "Aryan.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 Prisoners who were important to the Nazis, like kapos and chefs, were allowed to use the brothel as a reward.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 Johanna Langefeld, Maria Mandel, and Elisabeth Volkenrath were in charge of the women prisoners at Auschwitz.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 Criminal Joseph Mengele did medical experiments on many prisoners, especially twins, dwarves, and people with physical disabilities.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 They tried to help prisoners who were sick or hurt, but they had no medications or medical supplies, not even clean bandages or running water.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 If patients did not get better quickly, Mengele sent them to the gas chambers, or Nazi doctors killed them by injecting them with phenol.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 At Monowitz and the 48 subcamps around it, prisoners worked as slaves in the IG Farben factory and factories that made weapons for the German Army.p.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 By October 1942, prisoners had been forced to build the Monowitz camp, so slave workers could live there.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 This made Monowitz the first concentration camp in history to be paid for and built by a private company.p.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 Seven out of every ten of these prisoners (about 25,000) died from starvation, disease, and being forced to work so hard.pp.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 Often they threatened prisoners by saying they would be sent to the gas chambers if they did not work harder.p.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 56 Every month, 20% of the slave workers at the factory (one out of every five) died or were sent to the gas chambers.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 People still argue about what the Allies could have done to save more of the prisoners at Auschwitz.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 The communist governments of the Soviet Union and Poland said that 4 million people died at Auschwitzpp.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 Rudolf Höss said that 2.5 million to 3 million people died there Later he wrote that he made a mistake, saying "the figure of two and a half million [is] far too high."
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 In 1983, French scholar George Wellers was one of the first people to use the Nazis' records about deportations to estimate the number killed at Auschwitz.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 Around the same time, Franciszek Piper used records of train arrivals and deportations to calculate 1.1 million Jewish deaths; 140,000-150,000 Polish deaths; and 23,000 Roma deaths.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum says that these are "the best estimates of the number of victims" at Auschwitz between 1940 and 1945:
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 A few years after World War II ended, the government of Poland decided to rebuild Auschwitz and put a museum there.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 When people were sent to Auschwitz, the Nazis told them they were just going to another place to live.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 These include fake shower heads for the gas chambers; cans of Zyklon B; the door of one of the gas chambers; and a crematorium.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 Later, people scattered the ashes of Auschwitz's victims between the huts where the prisoners lived.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 In 1979, the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Association (UNESCO) made Auschwitz a World Heritage Site.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 When three men escaped from Auschwitz, the SS chose ten other prisoners to be starved to death as revenge.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 When one of those prisoners started to cry about his family, Kolbe volunteered to be killed in his place.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 On 27 January 2005, the European Parliament marked the anniversary of Auschwitz's liberation with a minute of silence.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 The European Parliament also passed a resolution saying that the murder of about 1.5 million people at Auschwitz's camps was terrible.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 The Parliament said they passed the resolution partly because of “the disturbing rise in antisemitism, and especially antisemitic incidents, in Europe, and for learning anew the wider lessons about the dangers of victimizing people on the basis of race, ethnic origin, religion, social classification, politics or sexual orientation."
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 After World War II, the communist governments of the Soviet Union and Poland put up a memorial sign at Auschwitz.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 After the fall of the communist government in Poland in 1989, the sign was changed to say that 1.1 million people died there.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 People who try to deny the Holocaust use this difference to claim that the Holocaust was propaganda.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 However, the Holocaust is a fact of history, and the SS killed at least 1.1 million people at Auschwitz.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 Starting in 1989, the Polish government and media argued that it was not fair to use the name "Polish death camps" to describe the Auschwitz camps.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 73 In 2006, the Polish government asked UNESCO to change the name of the World Heritage Site at Auschwitz.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 They wanted UNESCO to change the name from "Auschwitz Concentration Camp" to "Former Nazi German Concentration Camp Auschwitz-Birkenau".
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 The Polish government thought this would avoid misleading the public and would show that Nazi Germany ran the camp, not Poland.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 In 2007, UNESCO agreed, and changed the site's name to "Auschwitz Birkenau: German Nazi Concentration and Extermination Camp (1940-1945)."
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 They did this because the President of Iran, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, has denied the Holocaust, and even said that it is "a myth."
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 In 1984, the Carmelites opened a convent near Auschwitz I. Jewish groups protested, and the Carmelites removed the convent in 1993.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 In 1987, after Pope John Paul II beatified Edith Stein, Catholic people put up a cross near the gas chamber.
Auschwitz concentration camp 
 Virtual Reality panoramas of Auschwitz and Birkenau (Interactive Virtual Reality panoramas of Auschwitz and Birkenau)
Savukoski 
 Savukoski (Inari Sami: Suovâkuoškâis, Northern Sami: Suovvaguoika) is a Finnish municipality in the Province of Lapland.
Savukoski 
 The villages in Savukoski include Kuosku, Martti, Nousu, Seitajärvi, Savukoski, Tanhua, Lunkkaus, Viitaranta, Värriö, Rovala and Ruuvaoja.
Savukoski 
 One third of area is national parkland: Urho Kekkonen National Park, Värriö Strict Nature Reserve and Maltio Strict Nature Reserve.
Friedrich Dürrenmatt 
 Friedrich Dürrenmatt (January 5, 1921 in Konolfingen, canton of Bern; † December 14, 1990 in Neuchâtel) was a writer and philosopher from Switzerland.
Friedrich Dürrenmatt 
 He went to school until 1941, afterwards he studied philosophy, sciences (deep point physics) and German literature at the University of Bern.
Friedrich Dürrenmatt 
 The financial situation of the family got better, when Dürrenmatt began to write radio dramas and crime fiction.
Common wombat 
 It is found the mountains and hills of southeast Australia, Tasmania, and Flinders Island in Bass Strait.
Common wombat 
 It is covered in a very rough and coarse fur which can be anywhere from black to silver grey, from dark brown to sandy brown.
Common wombat 
 The young wombats are tiny, about two cm long, when they are born after a gestation of only 21 days, and move into the mother's pouch.
Common wombat 
 Unlike a kangaroo, the pouch opens backwards, which would prevent it from filling with dirt as it crawls into its burrow.
Common wombat 
 The young wombat lives in the pouch for about six months, and finally becomes independent of the mother at about 18 months of age.
Common wombat 
 The wombat will use them to mark things in its territory, so it is common to find the cubes on top of leaves, rocks, and branches.
Common wombat 
 They dig with their front feet, kick the soil backwards with their back feet, and then use their rump like a bulldozer to push the dirt out of the burrow.
Common wombat 
 Only one wombat lives in each burrow, but wombats may have up to four burrows in the area they live.
Common wombat 
 It is still common in Australia, but the areas it lives in are being reduced because of land clearing for farms.
Chimpanzee 
 The common chimpanzee is often called the chimpanzee (or "chimp"), though this can be used to refer to both species in the genus Pan: the common chimpanzee and the closely related bonobo.
Chimpanzee 
 Evidence from fossils and DNA sequencing show both species of chimpanzees are the closest living relatives to modern humans.
Chimpanzee 
 The common chimpanzee is more robust than the bonobo, weighing between  and measuring approximately  from head to tail.
Chimpanzee 
 The infant is weaned at about three years old, but usually maintains a close relationship with its mother for several more years; it reaches puberty at the age of eight to 10, and its lifespan in captivity is about 50 years.
Chimpanzee 
 The common chimpanzee lives in groups which range from 15 to 150 members, although individuals travel and forage in much smaller groups during the day.
Chimpanzee 
 The species lives in a male-dominated, strict hierarchy, so disputes can generally be settled without the need for violence.
Chimpanzee 
 Nearly all chimpanzee populations have been recorded using tools, modifying sticks, rocks, grass, and leaves and use them for acquiring honey, termites, ants, nuts, and water.
Chimpanzee 
 The species has also been found creating sharpened sticks to spear Senegal bushbabies out of small holes in trees.
Chimpanzee 
 Between 170,000 and 300,000 individuals are estimated across its range in the forests and savannahs of West and Central Africa.
Chimpanzee 
 Goodall watched a hunting group isolate a colobus high in a tree, block all possible exits, then one chimpanzee climbed up and captured and killed the colobus.
Chimpanzee 
 The others then each took parts of the carcass, sharing with other members of the troop in response to begging behaviours.
Chimpanzee 
 The chimps at Gombe kill and eat as much as one-third of the colobus population in the park each year.
Chimpanzee 
 This alone was a major scientific find which challenged previous conceptions of chimp diet and behavior.
Chimpanzee 
 "Goodall’s Gombe data have also led researchers to take a closer look at the role that hunting plays in chimp feeding habits.
Chimpanzee 
 One recent Gombe study, for instance, concluded that the 45 members of one troop ate a ton of monkey meat per year.
Chimpanzee 
 During one hunting binge, chimps killed 71 colobus monkeys in 68 days; one chimp alone killed 42 monkeys over five years.
Chimpanzee 
 Researchers have also found that lower-ranking males often trade the meat for mating privileges; such trades may help prevent inbreeding by keeping a single group of males from fathering the majority of a troop’s children".
Chimpanzee 
 Also startling, and disturbing, was the tendency for aggression and violence within chimpanzee troops.
Chimpanzee 
 Goodall observed dominant females deliberately killing the young of other females in the troop in order to maintain their dominance, sometimes going as far as cannibalism.
Chimpanzee 
 She says of this revelation, "During the first ten years of the study I had believed […] that the Gombe chimpanzees were, for the most part, rather nicer than human beings. […]
Chimpanzee 
 Then suddenly we found that chimpanzees could be brutal—that they, like us, had a darker side to their nature".
Chimpanzee 
 They were further evidence of the social similarities between humans and chimpanzees, albeit in a much darker manner.
Chimpanzee 
 Males work together when they spot a chance to make a lightning raid on an isolated male from the other group.
Chimpanzee 
 In Gombe, Tanzania, a group in the 1970s was seen to kill seven of their neighbours one by one, until all were gone.
Chimpanzee 
 It can take years for this to happen but, when it does, the remaining females and the neighbouring territory are added to the now larger group.
Chimpanzee 
 Attacks like this are carefully planned, done only when success is likely, and carried out in silence.
Chimpanzee 
 "About every two weeks, males are drawn by some unknown signal to walk very quietly, single file, into a neighbouring territory to attack a vulnerable male... the overwhelming targets are other males".249
Chimpanzee 
 "Most Brutal Chimpanzee Society Ever Discovered | Rise of the Warrior Apes"  Research workers recount their findings on YouTube.
Bonobo 
 The bonobo (Pan paniscus) is a great ape and the smaller of the two species making up the genus Pan (the other is Pan troglodytes, the common chimpanzee).
Bonobo 
 Although the name "chimpanzee" is sometimes used to refer to both species together, it is usually understood to mean the common chimpanzee, while Pan paniscus is usually referred to as the bonobo.
Bonobo 
 This may explain the lower levels of aggression in the bonobo as compared to the common chimpanzee and other apes.
Bonobo 
 Bonobos are matriarchal and a male's rank in the social hierarchy is often determined by his mother's rank.
Genoa 
 Before Italy was united into one country in the 1800s, Genoa was a republic that also included the island of Corsica.
Liguria 
 Liguria (/lɪˈɡ(j)ʊəriə/, Italian: [liˈɡuːrja]; Ligurian: Ligûria [liˈɡyːɾja]) is a region of Northern Italy.
Royal Opera House 
 The auditorium (the main part where the audience sits) is nearly the same, but all the backstage rooms are new: the dressing rooms, rehearsal rooms, office space etc.
Royal Opera House 
 The conductor ("Musical Director") of the Royal Opera House Orchestra is Antonio Pappano who is a young British conductor.
Kalahasti 
 The temple is one of the five such temples of Shiva in south India collectively known as Pancha Bootha Sthalams.
Kalahasti 
 Sri Kalahasti temple, 36 km away is famous for its Vayudeva temple, which is the only shrine of the god of wind in India.
Kalahasti 
 Constructed in the 12th century by the Chola king, Rajarajendra, Vayu is incarnated as Lord Shiva and worshipped as Kalahasteeswara.
Kalahasti 
 There is a lamp inside the inner sanctum that is constantly flickering despite the lack of air movement inside.
Kalahasti 
 The air-linga can be observed to move even when the pujaris close off the entrance to the main Deity room, which does not have any windows.
Kalahasti 
 On the south hill there is the shrine of Kannabeswara, in memory of the Sage Kannappa, who offered an eye to the Lord.
Raidas 
 Raidas refuted the prevalent Caste System of the time and stated that all people were equally cared upon by god.
Raidas 
 He also, like many contemporary Bhakti saints, refuted complex Brahminical Rituals and Sacrifices, in favour of true and complete devotion to god by means of song, dance, or japa (simple chanting of god's name).
Rishi 
 They also say that some of the rishis had great powers, and sometimes even some gods of Hindus like Indra were afraid of rishis.
Rishi 
 Sometimes, even kings and other members of the ruling families would go to them to seek advice and blessings.
Rishi 
 Sometimes these rishis and their disciples would go to the royal courts and participate in discussions there.
Vishvamitra 
 This is a Sanskrit word, and its translation is: "universal friend, that is, a friend of everybody".
Rabindranath Tagore 
 His writings greatly influenced Bengali culture during the late 19th century and early 20th century.
Rabindranath Tagore 
 His major works include Gitanjali (Song Offerings), a world-famous poetry book; Gora (Fair-Faced); Ghare-Baire (The Home and the World); and many other works of literature and art.
Rabindranath Tagore 
 Tagore was born in the city of Kolkata (Calcutta), at 6 Dwarkanath Tagore Lahne, Jorasanko Thakur Bari.
Rabindranath Tagore 
 In 1877, at the age of 16, Tagore published his first large poetry collection and wrote his first short story and dramas.
Rabindranath Tagore 
 He went to Shantiniketan (West Bengal) to build an ashram (which is like a monastery in Indian religions).
Rabindranath Tagore 
 He was very popular among readers of the Bengali language, as well as other people who knew his works through translations and reviews.
Rabindranath Tagore 
 Rabindranath's father bought a large parcel of land in Santiniketan, intending to establish a preparatory school.
Rabindranath Tagore 
 The Swedish Academy had selected him based on a small number of his translated works, and his 1912 work of poems named Gitanjali: Song Offerings.
Rabindranath Tagore 
 In 1921, Tagore and an agricultural economist named Leonard K. Elmhirst set up the Institute for Rural Reconstruction in a village named Surul, near Tagore's ashram at Shantiniketan.
Rabindranath Tagore 
 In the early 1930s, Tagore also grew more concerned about India's "abnormal caste consciousness" and differences based on castes.
Rabindranath Tagore 
 He criticized Mohandas Gandhi, one of India's leaders, for his comments about an earthquake on January 15, 1934 in Bihar.
Rabindranath Tagore 
 Gandhi had said the earthquake had happened because God wanted to punish people for practicing casteism.
Rabindranath Tagore 
 The Anglo-Irish poet William Butler Yeats wrote the preface to the English translation of Tagore's famous book Gitanjali (Song Offerings).
Rabindranath Tagore 
 Shortly after returning to India, the 63-year-old Tagore visited Peru at the invitation of the Peruvian government.
Rabindranath Tagore 
 They included Henri Bergson, Albert Einstein, Robert Frost, Mahatma Gandhi, Thomas Mann, George Bernard Shaw, H.G. Wells, Subhas Chandra Bose, and Romain Rolland.
Rabindranath Tagore 
 Tagore was mainly a poet, but his other writing includes essays, short stories, travelogues, dramas, and thousands of songs.
Rabindranath Tagore 
 These covered many subjects, including the history of India, linguistics, essays and lectures, details of his travels, and other autobiographical things.
Rabindranath Tagore 
 In this book, Tagore gives credit to his friend and mentor, Akshay Chowdhury, for influencing him in literature since he was a child.
Rabindranath Tagore 
 Akshay was the youngest son of Mihir Chandra Chowdhury, whose ancestry was linked with the Dutta Chowdhury (Chowdhuries) family of Andul.
Rabindranath Tagore 
 Akshay Chowdhury, Romesh Chandra Dutt, and Jyotiridranath Tagore were classmates at Hindu School in Kolkata.
Rabindranath Tagore 
 At times, Akshay and his wife, Sarat Kumari Chaudhurani, used to participate in long talks about literature in a garden at Thakur Bari.
Rabindranath Tagore 
 Music critic Arther Strangeways of The Observer first introduced Tagore's songs to non-Bengalis through his book The Music of Hindustan.
Rabindranath Tagore 
 The book describes Tagore Song as a "vehicle of a personality ... [that goes] behind this or that system of music to that beauty of sound which all systems put out their hands to seize."
Rabindranath Tagore 
 Rabindra Sangeet has two great works, which are now national anthems of two countries: India and Bangladesh.
Rabindranath Tagore 
 They are also influenced by musicians like Vilayat Khan, Buddhadev Dasgupta, and composer Amjad Ali Khan.
Rabindranath Tagore 
 His styles included craftwork by the Malanggan people of northern New Ireland, Haida carvings from the Pacific Northwest region of North America, and woodcuts by Max Pechstein.
Rabindranath Tagore 
 This described the life of Valmiki, a man who stopped being a robber and became a learned person, his blessing from the goddess Saraswati, and his writing of the Ramayana.