the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_embeddings huggingface dataset:
Metallic bond 
 Delocalized electrons are not associated with a particular nucleus of metal, instead, they are free to move throughout the whole crystalline structure forming a "sea" of electrons.
Metallic bond 
 Metallic bonds causes many of the traits of metals, such as strength, malleability, ductility, luster, conduction of heat and electricity.
Metallic bond 
 Metals conduct heat for the same reason: the free electrons can transfer the energy at a faster rate than other substances with electrons that are fixed into position.
Metallic bond 
 There also are few non-metals that conduct electricity: graphite (because, like metals, it has free electrons), and ionic compounds that are molten or dissolved in water, which have free moving ions.
Metallic bond 
 Metal bonds have at least one valence electron which they do not share with neighboring atoms, and they do not lose electrons to form ions.
Heat conduction 
 Heat conduction (or thermal conduction) is the movement of heat from one object to another one that has different temperature when they are touching each other.
Heat conduction 
 When the cold hands touch the hot-water bottle, heat flows from the hotter object (hot-water bottle) to the colder one (hand).
Heat conduction 
 People make things with different thermal conductivity, for example cookware to heat things or insulated containers to keep hot things hot or cold things cold.
Heat conduction 
 The temperature of the material measures how fast the atoms are moving and the heat measures the total amount of energy due to the vibration of the atoms.
Heat conduction 
 The atomic picture also helps explain why conduction is more important in solids: in solids the atoms are close together and unable to move around.
Heat conduction 
 The law of heat conduction, also known as Fourier's law, means that the rate, in time, of heat transfer through a material is proportional to the negative gradient in the temperature and to the area at right angles, to that gradient, through which the heat is flowing:
Heat conduction 
 Thermal conductivity usually varies with temperature, but the variation can be small, over a significant range of temperatures, for some common materials.
Judith Weir 
 Her Christmas carol Illuminare has become very popular, but it is quite difficult and needs a good choir to pitch the notes of the dissonant chords.
Judith Weir 
 She often uses medieval history as inspiration for her music, as well as music from her native Scotland, e.g. piobaireachd, which is a kind of variation form using small intervals.
Judith Weir 
 Her operas include A Night at the Chinese Opera, The Vanishing Bridegroom, Blond Eckbert, and Armida, an opera for television.
Vassal 
 The development of the vassal, in a society that was increasingly organised around the concept of "lordship"– in French the seigneur– is one sign that Antiquity ended and the Early Middle Ages began.
Vassal 
 As the system developed in the seventh century, the vassals were gangs of freemen who subjected themselves, in some degree of formality, to the authority of a leader, from whom they could expect to be fed, clothed and armed.
Vassal 
 The etymology (where the word came from) of "vassal" is from a Celtic word gwas "boy" that meant a young male slave, with a Latinised form, vassus that appeared in Salic Law (Rouche 1987 p 429), like the way  "knight" came from the from  Old English word cniht and similar words in Frisian and Dutch, all meaning "lad" .
Vassal 
 Rouche, Michel, "Private life conquers state and society," in A History of Private Life vol I, Paul Veyne, editor, Harvard University Press 1987
Migration period 
 The migration period, or barbarian invasions or Völkerwanderung, happened in AD 300–700 in Europe, at the end of ancient history and during the Early Middle Ages.
Migration period 
 They may have been influenced by attacks of the Huns in the East and may also be connected to the Turkic migrations in Central Asia, overpopulation, or climate changes.
Migration period 
 Migrations would continue well into the Middle Ages, beyond 1000 AD, with successive waves of Slavs, Alans, Avars, Bulgars, Hungarians, Pechenegs, Cumans, and Tatars that changed the ethnic makeup of Eastern Europe.
Migration period 
 Western European historians, however, tend to stress the migrations that were most relevant to Western Europe.
San Francisco Bay Area 
 The San Francisco Bay Area, also known as the Bay Area, is a metropolitan area that goes around the San Francisco Bay in Northern California.
San Francisco Bay Area 
 The Bay Area includes cities, towns, military bases, airports, and related regional, state, and national parks.
San Francisco Bay Area 
 San Francisco is still the city people pay the most attention to, and it is the major cultural center in the region.
San Francisco Bay Area 
 This area includes Marin County and continues north into Sonoma and Napa counties and east to Solano County.
San Francisco Bay Area 
 With some exceptions, this region is quite rich: Marin County is listed as the richest in the nation.
San Francisco Bay Area 
 The City and County of San Francisco is generally placed in a category by itself in terms of geography and culture.
San Francisco Bay Area 
 It is separated by water from the north, west and east, and by a county line from its neighbor cities to the South.
San Francisco Bay Area 
 The area between the South Bay and the City and County of San Francisco is the San Francisco Peninsula, known locally as The Peninsula.
San Francisco Bay Area 
 This area includes many small cities and suburban communities in San Mateo County and the northwestern part of Santa Clara County, as well as several towns along the Pacific coast, such as Pacifica and Half Moon Bay.
San Francisco Bay Area 
 The eastern side of the bay, consisting of Alameda and Contra Costa counties, is known locally as the East Bay.
San Francisco Bay Area 
 The East Bay is split into two regions, the inner East Bay, which is on the coast of the Bay, and the outer East Bay, including the inland valleys separated from the inner East Bay by hills and mountains.
San Francisco Bay Area 
 The communities along the southern edge of the Bay are known as the South Bay, Santa Clara Valley, and Silicon Valley.
San Francisco Bay Area 
 Some tech companies in the South Bay are Intel, AMD,  Cisco Systems, Hewlett-Packard, Apple, Google, and Yahoo!,
San Francisco Bay Area 
 San Francisco Housing and Real Estate Guide  Aggregates the collective knowledge of the San Francisco real estate community.
San Francisco Bay Area 
 San Francisco Bay Area Boat Launch map A collaboratively edited index of public boat launches helping to develop a water trail network.
San Francisco Bay 
 San Francisco Bay is a shallow, productive estuary through which water draining about forty percent of California, flowing in the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers from the Sierra Nevada mountains and Central Valley, enters the Pacific Ocean.
San Francisco Bay 
 Technically, both rivers flow into Suisun Bay, which help flows through the Carquinez Strait to meet with the Napa River at the entrance to San Pablo Bay, which connects at its south end to San Francisco Bay, although the entire group of interconnected bays are often referred to as "the San Francisco Bay."
San Francisco Bay 
 San Francisco Bay lies in the US state of California and is surrounded by a region known as the San Francisco Bay Area, that is near the big cities of San Francisco, Oakland, and San Jose.
San Francisco Bay 
 The Bay covers somewhere between 400  and 1,600  square miles (1,040 to 4,160 square kilometres), depending on which sub-bays (such as San Pablo Bay), estuaries, wetlands, and so on are included in the measurement.
San Francisco Bay 
 San Francisco Bay: Portrait of an Estuary, David Sanger and John Hart, University of California Press
Ahmed Yassin 
 Ahmed Yassin (January 1, 1937 – March 22, 2004) was a spiritual leader of the militant Palestinian group Hamas.
Ahmed Yassin 
 To other members of Hamas he was a hero but he was blamed by the Israeli government for planning suicide bombings and other attacks against Israel.
Ahmed Yassin 
 He was confined to a wheelchair because he was paralyzed since age 12, he was also nearly blind and could barely hear.
Ahmed Yassin 
 He was assassinated in an airstrike in Gaza City by the Israeli Army after he left a mosque in Gaza in the early morning hours.
Field strength 
 This means that the force exerted by the field on a given object is proportional to the field strength.
Field strength 
 For the electromagnetic field, the curvature form is an antisymmetric matrix whose elements are the electric field and magnetic field: the electromagnetic tensor.
Field (physics) 
 In physics, a field means that a physical quantity is assigned to every point in space (or, more generally, spacetime).
Field (physics) 
 For example, one can model a gravitational field by a vector field where a vector indicates the acceleration a mass would experience at each point in space.
Field (physics) 
 Other examples are temperature fields or air pressure fields, which are often illustrated on weather reports by isotherms and isobars by joining up the points of equal temperature or pressure respectively.
Field (physics) 
 Newtonian gravitation: describes the gravitational force as a mutual interaction between two masses.
Field (physics) 
 Electromagnetism:  electric and magnetic fields are not only fields of force which dictate the motion of particles, but also have an independent physical reality because they carry energy.
Field (physics) 
 A field theory is a physical theory that describes how one or more physical fields interact with matter.
Gradient 
 More generally, it is a vector that points in the direction in which the function grows the fastest.
Trigonometric function 
 In mathematics, the trigonometric functions are a set of functions which relate angles to the sides of a right triangle.
Trigonometric function 
 There are many trigonometric functions, the 3 most common being sine, cosine, tangent, followed by cotangent, secant and cosecant.
Trigonometric function 
 The last three are called reciprocal trigonometric functions, because they act as the reciprocals of other functions.
Trigonometric function 
 They are functions of an angle; they are important when studying triangles, among many other applications.
Trigonometric function 
 Trigonometric functions are commonly defined as ratios of two sides of a right triangle containing the angle, and can equivalently be defined as the lengths of various line segments from a unit circle (a circle with radius of one).
Trigonometric function 
 In order to define the trigonometric functions for the angle A, start with a right triangle that contains the angle A:
Trigonometric function 
 The hypotenuse is the side opposite the right angle, also the longest side of a right-angled triangle, in this case h.
Trigonometric function 
 The adjacent side is the side that is in contact with the right angle the angle we are interested in, hence its name.
Trigonometric function 
 All triangles are taken to exist in Euclidean geometry, so that the inside angles of each triangle sum to π radians (or 180°); therefore, for a right triangle, the two non-right angles are between zero and π/2 radians.
Trigonometric function 
 Notice that strictly speaking, the following definitions only define the trigonometric functions for angles in this range.
Trigonometric function 
 We extend them to the full set of real arguments by using the unit circle, or by requiring certain symmetries and that they be periodic functions.
Trigonometric function 
 1) The sine of an angle is the ratio of the length of the opposite side to the length of the hypotenuse.
Trigonometric function 
 Note that since all those triangles are similar, this ratio does not depend on the particular right triangle that is chosen, as long as it contains the angle A.
Trigonometric function 
 2) The cosine of an angle is the ratio of the length of the adjacent side to the length of the hypotenuse.
Trigonometric function 
 3) The tangent of an angle is the ratio of the length of the opposite side to the length of the adjacent side.
Trigonometric function 
 4) The cosecant csc(A) is the multiplicative inverse of sin(A); it is the ratio of the length of the hypotenuse to the length of the opposite side:
Trigonometric function 
 5) The secant sec(A) is the multiplicative inverse of cos(A); it is the ratio of the length of the hypotenuse to the length of the adjacent side:
Trigonometric function 
 6) The cotangent cot(A) is the multiplicative inverse of tan(A); it is the ratio of the length of the adjacent side to the length of the opposite side:
Trigonometric function 
 The hyperbolic functions are like the trigonometric functions, in that they have very similar properties.
Trigonometric function 
 nanoSouffle Online Grapher  - Extensible features for graphing functions... works in just about every browser, and JavaScript is simply a plus for real-time updates, and not a requirement.
Trigonometric function 
 Trigonomic Functions - An interactive sketch showing the trigonometric functions in terms of the unit circle.
Gradient (disambiguation) 
 Pressure gradient, the difference in the exerted force per unit area in two regions next to each other
Archery 
 A person practicing archery is called an archer, and one who enjoys or is an expert at archery is sometimes called an toxophilite.
Archery 
 Classical civilizations, notably the Persians, Macedonians, Nubians, Greeks, Parthians, Indians, Japanese, Chinese, and Koreans, had large numbers of archers in their armies.
Archery 
 The Great Northwood Bowmen  Medieval Longbow Archery and re-enactment Society, re-enacting the 15th century, based in London.
John Cena 
 Cena has won the WWE Championship/WWE World Heavyweight Championship thirteen times, the World Heavyweight Championship thrice, the United States Championship five times and the World Tag Team Championship twice.
John Cena 
 He will star as Peacemaker in the 2022 movie The Suicide Squad and his own television series for HBO Max.
John Cena 
 His most famous catchphrase is "You Can't See Me" which has become a very well-known meme in Western Society.
John Cena 
 According to Ross, when he returned to Connecticut after signing Cena he walked into Vince McMahon's office and told him "I just signed your main event for WrestleMania in 5 years."
John Cena 
 Cena would eventually make his WrestleMania debut 3 years later at WrestleMania XX winning the WWE United States Championship from The Big Show, and his Main event WrestleMania debut 4 years later winning the WWE Championship, from John "Bradshaw" Layfield.
John Cena 
 He was drafted to SmackDown as the first pick in the 2011 WWE Draft, but before the end of the night, he was drafted back to Raw.
John Cena 
 He retired the next night on Raw after getting defeated by the debuting Dominik Mysterio, the son of professional wrestler Rey Mysterio.
John Cena 
 Slammy Award for Insult of the Year (2012) - To Dolph Ziggler & Vickie Guerrero: "You're the exact opposite.
John Cena 
 Slammy Award for Match of the Year (2013) - vs. The Rock for the WWE Championship at WrestleMania 29
Signal transduction 
 So, signal transduction starts with a signal to a cell receptor, and ends with a change in cell function.
Signal transduction 
 Some chemical messengers, such as testosterone, can pass through the cell membrane, and bind directly to receptors in the cytoplasm or nucleus.
Signal transduction 
 With each step of the cascade, the signal can be amplified, so a small signal can result in a large response.
Signal transduction 
 Eventually, the signal creates a change in the cell, either in the expression of the DNA in the nucleus or in the activity of enzymes in the cytoplasm.
Signal transduction 
 In bacteria and other single-cell organisms, the transduction processes a cell has limits the number of ways it can respond to its environment.
Signal transduction 
 In multicellular organisms, lots of different signal transduction processes are used to coordinate the behavior of individual cells.
Signal transduction 
 The more complex the organism, the more complex the repertoire of signal transduction processes the organism must possess.
Signal transduction 
 Thus, sensing of both the external and internal environment at the cellular level, relies on signal transduction.
Signal transduction 
 Many disease processes such as diabetes, heart disease, autoimmunity and cancer arise from defects in signal transduction pathways.
Signal transduction 
 [http://stke.sciencemag.org/ Science'''s STKE - Signal transduction knowledge environment], from Science'', published by AAAS.
Flux 
 In the study of transport phenomena (heat transfer, mass transfer and fluid dynamics), flux is defined as flow per unit area, where flow is the movement of some quantity per time.
Flux 
 Either an alternate form of Fick's law that includes the molecular mass, or an alternate form of Darcy's law that includes the density).
Flux 
 Radiative flux, the amount of energy moving in the form of photons at a certain distance from the source per steradian per second (J·m−2·s−1).
Flux 
 Also acts as a generalization of heat flux, which is equal to the radiative flux when restricted to the infrared spectrum.
Flux 
 In the field of electromagnetism, flux is usually the integral of a vector quantity over a finite surface.
Flux 
 The magnetic flux is thus the integral of the magnetic vector field over a surface, and the electric flux is defined similarly.
Flux 
 Using this definition, the flux of the Poynting vector over a specified surface is the rate at which electromagnetic energy flows through that surface.
Flux 
 Confusingly, the Poynting vector is sometimes called the power flux,  which is an example of the first usage of flux, above.
Flux (disambiguation) 
 Flux (metallurgy), a material that aids in smelting and soldering by assisting the flow of the molten metal
Flux (disambiguation) 
 Flux Magazine (US), a short-lived American music, comic book & video game magazine from the mid-1990s
Flux (disambiguation) 
 Flux Of Pink Indians, the name of a British anarcho-punk band, originally known as Flux of Pink Indians
Neuroscience 
 The nervous system is made of billions of neurons connected together and to other systems in the body.
Conversation analysis 
 CA tries to describe the structure and patterns of interaction, whether this is institutional (in the school, doctor's surgery, courts or elsewhere) or casual conversation.
Conversation analysis 
 The term “conversation” to label this disciplinary movement is misleading if read in a colloquial sense, as many have.
Conversation analysis 
 An Introduction to Conversation Analysis  (by  Discourse and Rhetoric Group,  Loughborough University)
Mark-Anthony Turnage 
 Other works include Kai, Rockaby, Blood on the Floor, Dispelling the Fears, Drowned Out and Three Screaming Popes.
Mark-Anthony Turnage 
 He has written music for the English National Opera, City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra and the Chicago Symphony Orchestra.
Hydrothermal vent 
 Deep sea organisms have no access to sunlight, so they must depend on nutrients in the  chemical deposits and hydrothermal fluids in which they live.
Hydrothermal vent 
 Compared to the surrounding sea floor, however, hydrothermal vent zones have a density of organisms 10,000 to 100,000 times greater.
Hydrothermal vent 
 Hydrothermal vent communities are able to sustain such vast amounts of life because vent organisms depend on chemosynthetic bacteria for food.
Hydrothermal vent 
 These bacteria use sulfur compounds, particularly hydrogen sulfide, a chemical highly toxic to most known organisms, to produce organic material through the process of chemosynthesis.
Hydrothermal vent 
 The chemosynthetic bacteria grow into a thick mat which attracts other organisms such as amphipods and copepods which graze upon the bacteria directly.
Hydrothermal vent 
 Larger organisms such as snails, shrimp, crabs, giant tube worms, fish, and octopus form a food chain of predator and prey relationships above the primary consumers.
Hydrothermal vent 
 The main groups of organisms around seafloor vents are worms,  gastropods, and crustaceans, with large bivalves, and 'eyeless' shrimp making up the bulk of non-microbial organisms.
Hydrothermal vent 
 Other examples of the unique fauna who inhabit this ecosystem are the gastropod Crysomallon squamiferum, a species of snail with a foot reinforced by scales made of iron and organic materials, and the 'Pompeii Worm' Alvinella pompejana, which is capable of withstanding temperatures up to 80°C (176°F).
Hydrothermal vent 
 Over 300 new species have been discovered at hydrothermal vents, many of them "sister species" to others in geographically separated vent areas.
Hydrothermal vent 
 It has been proposed that before the North American plate overrode the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, there was a single biogeographic vent region found in the eastern Pacific.
Hydrothermal vent 
 The subsequent barrier to travel began the evolutionary divergence of species in different locations.
Hydrothermal vent 
 The examples of convergent evolution seen between distinct hydrothermal vents is seen as major support for the theory of natural selection and evolution as a whole.
Hydrothermal vent 
 A species of phototrophic bacterium has been found living near a black smoker off the coast of Mexico at a depth of .
Hydrothermal vent 
 Instead, the bacteria, part of the Chlorobiaceae family, use the faint glow from the black smoker for photosynthesis.
Hydrothermal vent 
 This is the first organism discovered in nature to exclusively use a light other than sunlight for photosynthesis.
Guava 
 Now they are found in all the tropical, and in some subtropical, regions because they are edible fruits.
Guava 
 The most common guava is the apple guava (Psidium guajava): it is so common that the word 'guava' usually refers to this species.
Guava 
 In 100 g of guava are 200 mg of vitamin C, which means that guavas have five times more vitamin C than oranges.
Resting potential 
 The resting potential of a cell is the membrane potential that would be maintained if there were no action potentials, synaptic potentials, or other active changes in the membrane potential.
Resting potential 
 In most cells the resting potential has a negative value, which by convention means that there is excess negative charge inside compared to outside.
Resting potential 
 The resting potential is mostly determined by the concentrations of the ions in the fluids on both sides of the cell membrane and the ion transport proteins that are in the cell membrane.
Resting potential 
 How the concentrations of ions and the membrane transport proteins influence the value of the resting potential is outlined below.
Resting potential 
 Generation of resting membrane potential Wright, S.H., Advances in Physiology Education, 28(1-4): 139-142, 2004,
Thrust 
 When a system pushes or accelerates mass in one direction, there is a thrust (force) just as large in the opposite direction.
Thrust 
 It can be used for many kinds of vehicles and engines such as rockets, motorboats, propellers, and jet engines.
Thrust 
 A pound of thrust is how much thrust it would take to keep a one-pound object unmoving against the force of gravity on earth.
Thrust 
 A very common question is how to compare the thrust number of an airplane engine with the mechanical power of a piston engine (the kind of engine in cars and in many airplanes with propellers).
Thrust 
 A useful way to measure the power of a jet engine is to how much power the jet engine gives to the aircraft through its thrust force.
Thrust 
 Power is how much force it takes to move something over a distance, divided by the time it takes to move that distance:
Thrust 
 When the thrust of a rocket or an engine is compared to the weight, it is called the Thrust-to-weight ratio.
Thrust 
 A ratio in this case means that the thrust of the engine (in Newtons) is divided by the weight (in Newtons).
Thrust 
 The purpose of this comparison is to show how well the engine or vehicle performs, for example how much acceleration.