the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_embeddings huggingface dataset:
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 
 Some of Goethe's best known poems were written during this time, like Heidenröslein, Der König in Thule, and Erlkönig.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 
 During the early period of his life, he was in love with a girl named Friederike Brion, the daughter of a pastor.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 
 His disappointment in love inspired him when writing about Werther in Die Leiden des jungen Werthers and Gretchen in his great play Faust.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 
 Die Leiden des jungen Werthers (The Sufferings of Young Werther) is a book written in the form of letters.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 
 Werther is a young man who falls passionately in love with a girl called Lotte who is married to someone else.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 
 Based on a legendary character, it tells of a man called Faust who is tired of studying and wants to have the greatest possible happiness.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 
 The devil (called Mephistopheles in the play) tells Faust he can help him to do this, but that in the end Faust must give him his soul and go with him to hell.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 
 After a time he realized that all his work on governmental duties were not giving him time for his writing.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 
 He loved the landscape and made lots of sketches, and he read the ancient poets and books on the history of art.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 
 He wrote a play in rhyme called Iphigenie auf Tauris which combines the beauty of Classicism with great poetry.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 
 The two men talked about many of their ideas and helped one another by offering criticism of their works.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 
 He wrote short works such as Hermann und Dorothea which is about life in a small German town at the time of the French Revolution.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 
 This is an example of what is called in German a “Bildungsroman” which means something like “Education novel”.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 
 It means a novel which shows a person growing up and developing his character and learning about the world.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 
 This book was a very important influence on the 19th century Romantic novel and on all German autobiographical novels ever since.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 
 Faust enters into a pact with the devil, Mephistopheles who promises him all his soul can wish for: fine living, gold, women and honour.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 
 He wrote a book called Die Wahlverwandtschaften (Elective Affinities) which is about a divorce problem.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 
 Some of his scientific ideas are used in the story as he talks about the way that two chemical compounds can break up and form new unions.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 
 Many interesting things that Goethe said were written down in a book by his friend Eckermann, who published them in a book called Conversations with Goethe.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 
 Goethe also wrote about his own life in his autobiography which he called Dichtung und Wahrheit (Poetry and Truth).
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 
 He chose the title to show that he was telling us the truth about his life, but that he had changed the order of some events to make it into a poetic book.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 
 Goethe wrote a sequel (a part which follows on) to Wilhelm Meister called Wilhelm Meisters Wanderjahre (The Years of Wilhelm Meister’s Wanderings).
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 
 They tell us about Wilhelm Meister’s relationship with society and how he has to change his ways to fit in with other people.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 
 He had started as a great Classical writer of the 18th century and finished as a young Romantic of the 19th century.
Pythagoras 
 He is known best for the proof of the important Pythagorean theorem, which is about right angle triangles.
Pythagoras 
 He started a group of mathematicians, called the Pythagoreans, who worshiped numbers and lived like monks.
Pythagoras 
 He did not agree with the government and their schooling, so he moved to Crotone and set up his own cult (little society) of followers under his rule.
Pythagoras 
 Since he worked very closely with his group, the Pythagoreans, it is sometimes hard to tell his works from those of his followers.
Pythagoras 
 They also believed the soul is immortal and goes through a cycle of rebirths until it can become pure.
Pythagoras 
 Pythagoras' most important belief was that the physical world was mathematical and that numbers were the real reality.
Pythagoras 
 He said that the length of the longest side of the right angled triangle called the hypotenuse (C) squared would equal the sum of the other sides squared.
Socrates 
 Such is the influence of Socrates that philosophers before him are called the Presocratic philosophers.
Socrates 
 Socrates was tried for his life in 399 BC, found guilty, and put to death by drinking hemlock (a herbal poison).
Socrates 
 He would pretend "I don't know anything; I'm just trying to understand what it is you are saying", or words to that effect.
Socrates 
 This is because in the discussions he uncovered some of the most basic questions in philosophy, questions which are still discussed today.
Socrates 
 Aristophanes, a person who wrote brilliant satirical comedies, wrote about him in play called The Clouds.
Socrates 
 Sometimes he stood in a trance for hours.p8 In The Clouds Socrates is a crazy person who tries to scam people out of their money.
Socrates 
 While a lot of what Plato wrote about Socrates is accepted by historians, some believe that Plato (who saw Socrates as a hero) portrayed Socrates as a greater man than he actually was.
Socrates 
 Some think that Plato was using the character of Socrates as a tool to express his own opinions rather than to accurately write about Socrates.
Socrates 
 The general view is that they are based on reality, but no doubt adjusted for the purpose of writing.
Socrates 
 Socrates' father was a sculptor, and his mother was a midwife who helped women give birth to children.
Socrates 
 He may have been a stonemason like his father, and Plato wrote that he served in the Athenian army as a hoplite (heavy infantry).
Socrates 
 We know he was influenced by an older philosopher, Archelaus, and that he talked with anyone who had interesting ideas in Athens, but beyond that nothing is known.
Socrates 
 It is said that one of Socrates' friends went to ask the  oracle at Delphi if there was anyone wiser than Socrates in Athens.
Socrates 
 After being puzzled by this, Socrates finally decided that his wisdom lay in knowing that he was ignorant.
Socrates 
 His attempts to show the citizens that some of their ideas were nonsense might help explain his unpopularity.
Socrates 
 In Plato's works, Socrates says he knows nothing, but can draw out other people's ideas just as his mother helped other women to give birth.
Socrates 
 In 399 BC, when Socrates was an old man, three citizens—Meletus, Anytus and Lycon—brought charges against Socrates.
Socrates 
 His circle had included a number of right-wing aristocrats whose ideas were now rejected by most citizens.
Socrates 
 When Socrates was put on trial, he gave a long speech to defend himself against the claims made by the Athens government.
Socrates 
 "I do not know what effect my accusers have had upon you, gentlemen, but for my own part I was carried away by them; their arguments were so convincing.
Socrates 
 When Socrates was asked to propose his punishment, Socrates said that the government should give him free dinners for the rest of his life for all the good that he did for society.
Socrates 
 He did not try to avoid death by apologizing for his actions because he thought it was morally right to stand by his principles.
Socrates 
 There are several dialogues by Plato which deal directly with the trial of Socrates and the period up to his death.
Socrates 
 In particular, Socrates explains to his friend Crito why he is not going to escape, or permit his friends to bribe the jailor.
Socrates 
 Since other people think they know something, but no one really knows anything, Socrates claimed he knew more than anyone else.
Socrates 
 People think that Socrates was a good man because he did no harm, except he asked questions about everything.
Socrates 
 However, during his life many people thought he was a bad person, because he asked those questions and because he made young people unhappy about their lives.
Socrates 
 Socrates is seen by some people as a martyr, since he willingly died to support the idea that knowledge and wisdom are very important to our lives.
Socrates 
 Before Socrates, philosophy was mainly about mathematics and answering questions about our natural world.
Socrates 
 Socrates expanded on that and added questions about ethics, politics, and epistemology to philosophy.
Dante Alighieri 
 Dante Alighieri (), known simply as Dante (, , ; c. 1265 – September 14, 1321), was a major Italian poet of the Late Middle Ages/Early Renaissance.
Dante Alighieri 
 His central work, the Commedia (Divine Comedy), is considered the greatest literary work composed in the Italian language and a masterpiece of world literature.
Dante Alighieri 
 Dante and the Divine Comedy have been a source of inspiration for artists for almost seven centuries.
Dante Alighieri 
 Dante, alongside Petrarch and Boccaccio, is known as one of "the three fountains", and is often referred to as "the Father of the Italian language".
Dante Alighieri 
 The most famous section in The Divine Comedy is the first third of it, the first 34 cantos of the poem, called Inferno, which features Dante's vision of Hell.
Dante Alighieri 
 She died when Dante was seven years old, and Alighiero soon married again, to Lapa di Chiarissimo Cialuffi.
Dante Alighieri 
 Dante had already fallen in love with another girl, Beatrice Portinari that is mentioned same in "Divine Comedy", (known also as Bice).
Dante Alighieri 
 His interests brought him to discover the Occitan poetry of the troubadours and the Latin poetry of classical antiquity (with a particular devotion to Virgil).
Dante Alighieri 
 At 18, Dante met Guido Cavalcanti, Lapo Gianni, Cino da Pistoia, and soon after Brunetto Latini; together they became the leaders of Dolce Stil Novo ("The Sweet New Style").
Dante Alighieri 
 Brunetto later received a special mention in the Divine Comedy (Inferno, XV, 28), for what he had taught Dante.
Dante Alighieri 
 According to his work, La Vita Nuova, when he was nine years old he met Beatrice Portinari, daughter of Folco Portinari, with whom he fell in love "at first sight", and apparently without even having spoken to her.
Dante Alighieri 
 He saw her frequently after age 18, often exchanging greetings in the street, but he never knew her well—he effectively set the example for the so-called "courtly love".
Dante Alighieri 
 Love for Beatrice (as in a different manner Petrarch would show for his Laura) would apparently be the reason for poetry and for living, together with political passions.
Dante Alighieri 
 He then dedicated himself to philosophical studies at religious schools like the Dominican one in Santa Maria Novella.
Dante Alighieri 
 This "excessive" passion for philosophy would later be criticized by the character Beatrice, in Purgatorio, the second book of the Divine Comedy.
Dante Alighieri 
 At the same time (November 1, 1301), Charles de Valois entered Florence with Black Guelphs, who in the next six days destroyed much of the city and killed many of their enemies.
Dante Alighieri 
 A new Black Guelph government was installed and Messer Cante dei Gabrielli di Gubbio was appointed Podestà of Florence.
Dante Alighieri 
 Dante did not pay the money, in part because he believed he was not guilty, and in part because all his needs in Florence had been stolen by the Black Guelphs.
Dante Alighieri 
 He was condemned to exile for life, and if he returned to Florence without paying the money, he could be burned at the stake.
Dante Alighieri 
 In exile he began searching the foundation for the Divine Comedy, a work in 100 cantos, divided into three books of thirty-three cantos each, with a single introductory canto.
Dante Alighieri 
 Dante saw in him a new Charlemagne who would restore the office of the Holy Roman Emperor for re-take Florence from the Black Guelphs.
Dante Alighieri 
 Mixing religion and private concerns, he invoked the worst anger of God against his city, suggesting several particular targets that coincided with his personal enemies.
Dante Alighieri 
 When Dante died at Ravenna, the custodians of the body at Ravenna put the bones in a false wall of the monastery.
Dante Alighieri 
 That tomb has been empty ever since, with Dante's body remaining in Ravenna, far from the land he loved so dearly.
Dante Alighieri 
 The front of his tomb in Florence reads Onorate l'altissimo poeta – which roughly translates as "Honour the most exalted poet".
Dante Alighieri 
 The Online Library of Liberty: Dante's Divine Comedy Italian text with English translation, Cambridge, 1918.
Dante Alighieri 
 Società Dantesca Italiana (bilingual site) manuscripts of Dante's works, images and text transcripts
Virginia Woolf 
 Adeline Virginia Woolf (; ; 25 January 1882 28 March 1941) was an English modernist writer, essayist and feminist.
Virginia Woolf 
 She had bipolar disorder in the time when few people knew this illness and most thought she was strange.
Virginia Woolf 
 In their childhood, all the Stephens children wrote diaries, but only Virginia kept it for her whole life (and after her death, lots of them were published).
Virginia Woolf 
 It was important for her when she was sexually abused, because there was no one with whom she could talk about it.
Virginia Woolf 
 After her father's death, Virginia and her brothers and sister moved to Bloomsbury, London and there they became members of the famous group of artists called Bloomsbury Group.
Virginia Woolf 
 Here Virginia met writer Leonard Woolf (1880-1969), whom she was married to from 1912 until her death.
Virginia Woolf 
 Together, they moved to Richmond, where they opened a publishing office called Hogarth House Press, which later published all of Virginia's novels and essays.
Virginia Woolf 
 When she was a teenager, she fell in love with Violet Dickinson and she wrote her lots of love letters.
Virginia Woolf 
 The youngest of Ramsays children, James, wants to go to the lighthouse, but they can't go there because of bad weather.
Virginia Woolf 
 In the next part of the book, James is ten years older and his father is taking him to the lighthouse, although he doesn't want to go there anymore.
Virginia Woolf 
 Virginia Woolf is also an author of these novels: Jacob's Room (1923), Orlando (1928) and The Waves (1931).
Virginia Woolf 
 She was a feminist and she wrote a few essays about women's position in the society, for example The Room of One's Own and Three Guineas.
Virginia Woolf 
 On 28 March 1941, Woolf drowned herself by filling her overcoat pockets with stones and walking into the River Ouse near her home.
Virginia Woolf 
 Her husband buried her cremated remains beneath an elm tree in the garden of Monk's House, their home in Rodmell, Sussex.
Virginia Woolf 
 In 1998, American writer Michael Cunningham wrote a novel in which she appeared, called The Hours (a winner of the Pulitzer award), which is best known because of the same named movie, in which the role of Virginia was played by actress Nicole Kidman.
Virginia Woolf 
 Rather better known is Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf, in which her name is used as a catch-phrase by the lead couple.
Virginia Woolf 
 Virginia Woolf collection of papers, 1882–1984 (bulk 1912–1940), held by the Henry W. and Albert A. Berg Collection of English and American Literature, New York Public Library
March 28 
 193 – Roman Emperor Pertinax was assassinated by Praetorian Guards, who then sold the throne in an auction to Didius Julianus.
March 28 
 845 – Paris is sacked by Viking raiders, probably under Ragnar Lodbrok, who collects a huge ransom in exchange for leaving.
March 28 
 1566 - The foundation stone is laid for Valletta, Malta, by Jean Parisot de Valette, Grand Master of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.
March 28 
 1795 – Partitions of Poland: The Duchy of Courland, a northern fief of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, ceased to exist and became part of Imperial Russia.
March 28 
 1834 – The United States Senate censures President Andrew Jackson for his actions in defunding the Second Bank of the United States.
March 28 
 1862 – American Civil War: Battle of Glorieta Pass – In New Mexico, Union forces succeed in stopping the Confederate invasion of New Mexico territory.
March 28 
 1889 - The Yngsjö murder occurs in Sweden, as Anna Mansdotter and her son are arrested for the crime.
March 28 
 1910 – Henri Fabre becomes the first person to fly a seaplane after taking off from a water runway near Martigues, France.
March 28 
 1915 - British passenger steamship Falaba is sunk by a German U-boat off Wales, killing 104 people, including the first American to die as a direct result of World War I.
March 28 
 1941 – World War II: Battle of Cape Matapan – In the Mediterranean Sea, British Admiral Andrew Browne Cunningham leads the Royal Navy in the destruction of three major Italian battleships and two destroyers.
March 28 
 1942 – World War II: In occupied France, British naval forces raid the German-occupied port of St. Nazaire.
March 28 
 1946 – Cold War: The United States State Department releases the Acheson-Lilienthal Report, outlining a plan for the international control of nuclear power.
March 28 
 1964 - Tsunamis from the previous day's Good Friday earthquake strike along western coasts of North America, killing 107 people in Alaska, 11 in California and 4 in Oregon.
March 28 
 1965 - An earthquake causes a dam to break near the town of El Cobre, Chile, which is flooded, killing over 200 people.
March 28 
 1969 - Greek poet Giorgos Seferis makes his famous statement on the BBC World Service against the ruling junta in Greece.
March 28 
 1978 – US Supreme Court hands down 5-3 decision in Stump v. Sparkman, 435 U.S. 349, a controversial case involving involuntary sterilization and judicial immunity.
March 28 
 1979 – In Pennsylvania, a pump in the reactor cooling system fails at Three Mile Island, resulting in the evaporation of some contaminated water causing a nuclear meltdown.
March 28 
 1979 - The British House of Commons passes a vote of no confidence against Prime Minister James Callaghan's Labour Party government.
March 28 
 1994 – In South Africa, Zulus and African National Congress supporters battle in central Johannesburg resulting in eighteen deaths.
March 28 
 1999 - Kosovo War: Serbian paramilitary and military forces kill 146 Kosovo Albanians in the Izbica Massacre.
March 28 
 2002 – The exhibit "The Italians: Three Centuries of Italian Art" opens at the National Gallery of Australia.
March 28 
 2005 – The 2005 Sumatran earthquake rocks Indonesia, and at magnitude 8.7 is the second strongest earthquake since 1965.
March 28 
 2006 – Strikes take place in France, in protest at the government proposition First Employment Contract.
March 28 
 2014 - It is announced that former Prime Minister of Norway Jens Stoltenberg will succeed Anders Fogh Rasmussen as Secretary-General of NATO on October 1 of the same year.
March 28 
 2017 - The Scottish Parliament, by a majority of 69 to 59, approves plans to hold a second referendum on Scottish independence.
March 28 
 2018 - It is revealed that North Korean leader Kim Jong-un travelled to Beijing to meet with Chinese leader Xi Jinping for talks.
March 28 
 1811 - Saint John Nepomucene Neumann, Bohemian-born American bishop and Roman Catholic saint (d. 1860)
March 28 
 1892 – Corneille Heymans, Belgian doctor, won the 1938 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1968)
March 28 
 1914 – Edmund Muskie, American politician, Governor of Maine and United States Secretary of State (d. 1996)
January 25 
 1791 – The British Parliament passes the Constitution Act of 1791, splitting the old province of Quebec into Upper and Lower Canada.
January 25 
 1858 - The Wedding March by Felix Mendelssohn is played at the marriage of Victoria, Princess Royal to Frederick of Prussia.
January 25 
 1915 - A coup led by Conservative officers removes the government of Victor Hugo de Azevedo Coutinho from power in Portugal.
January 25 
 1932 - Second Sino-Japanese War: The Chinese National Revolutionary Army begins its defence of Harbin.
January 25 
 1981 – Jiang Qing, widow of Mao Zedong, is sentenced to death, the this is later changed to life imprisonment.
January 25 
 1986 - The National Resistance Movement gets rid of the government of Tito Okello in Uganda, leading to Yoweri Museveni coming to power.
January 25 
 1990 - Avianca Flight 52, a Colombian airliner, crashes due to engine failure at Cove Neck, near New York City.
January 25 
 1995 - Russia almost launches a nuclear attack after it mistakes Black Brant II, a Norwegian research rocket, for a US Trident missile.
January 25 
 1998 - During a historic visit to Cuba, Pope John Paul II demands political reforms and the release of political prisoners, while condemning US attempts to isolate the country.
January 25 
 1998 - A suicide attack by the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam on Sri Lanka's Temple of the Tooth, kills 8 people and injures 25.
January 25 
 2004 - Hungarian footballer Miklos Feher collapses at a Primeira Liga game, and dies a few hours later.
January 25 
 2006 - Three independent observing campaigns announce the discovery of OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb, the first rocky and icy planet to be found outside the Solar System.
January 25 
 2006 - Mexican professional wrestler Juana Barraza is arrested in connection with the serial killing of at least 10 elderly women.
January 25 
 2010 – Ethiopian Airlines Flight 409 crashes into the Mediterranean Sea shortly after take-off from Rafik Hariri Airport in Beirut, Lebanon, killing all 90 people on board.
January 25 
 2013 - Exactly two years after the start of the 2011 Egyptian protests, widespread protests occur in Egypt against the Muslim Brotherhood and President Mohamed Morsi.
January 25 
 2015 - A parliamentary election is held in Greece, and is won by the left-wing SYRIZA party, whose leader Alexis Tsipras is sworn in as Prime Minister of Greece the next day.
January 25 
 The result is seen as a rejection of so-called austerity measures imposed after Greece got into economic trouble.
January 25 
 1996 - Billy Bailey, American convicted murderer, last person to be hanged to-date in the US (b. 1947)
Jane Austen 
 Austen's works criticized sentimental novels in the late 18th century, and are part of the change to nineteenth-century realism.
Jane Austen 
 Austen's stories are often comic, but they also show how women depended on marriage for social standing and economic security.
Jane Austen 
 Educated mostly by her father and older brothers, and also by her own reading, she lived with her family at Steventon.
Jane Austen 
 She once famously described her work as "the little bit (two Inches wide) of Ivory, on which I work with so fine a brush, as produces little effect after much labor".
Jane Austen 
 They were Sense and Sensibility (1811), Pride and Prejudice (1813), Mansfield Park (1814) and Emma (1815).
Jane Austen 
 Two other novels, Northanger Abbey and Persuasion, were printed in 1817 with a biographical notice by her brother, Henry Austen.
Jane Austen 
 Her sister Cassandra (to whom most of the letters were written) burned "the greater part" of the ones she kept.
Jane Austen 
 Most of the biographies written about her for 50 years after she died was by her relatives, who often described her as "good quiet Aunt Jane".
Jane Austen 
 Austen's parents, George Austen (1731–1805), and his wife, Cassandra (1739–1827), were both part of the gentry.
Jane Austen 
 She had six brothers—James (1765–1819), George (1766–1838), Edward (1767–1852), Henry Thomas (1771–1850), Francis William (Frank) (1774–1865), Charles John (1779–1852)—and one sister, Cassandra Elizabeth (1773–1845), who died without marrying.
Jane Austen 
 Jane knew sign language (she mentioned talking "with my fingers" in a letter) and could have communicated with him.