the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_embeddings huggingface dataset:
Mandaeism 
 Dualism: a cosmic Father and Mother, Light and Darkness, Right and Left, syzygy in cosmic and microcosmic form.
Mandaeism 
 The soul is portrayed as an exile, a captive: her home and origin is the supreme Entity to which she eventually returns.
Mandaeism 
 A saviour spirit or saviour spirits which assist the soul on her journey through life and after it to 'worlds of light'.
Mandaeism 
 'Mysteries', i.e. sacraments to help and purify the soul, to ensure her rebirth into a spiritual body, and her ascent from the world of matter.
Mandaeism 
 These are often adaptations of existing seasonal and traditional rites to which an esoteric interpretation is attached.
Mandaeism 
 In the case of the Naoreans this interpretation is based on the Creation story (see 1 and 2), especially on the Divine Man, Adam, as crowned and anointed King-priest.
Mandaeism 
 Great secrecy is enjoined upon initiates; full explanation of 1, 2, and 8 is reserved for those considered able to understand and preserve the gnosis.
Mandaeism 
 Mandaeans believe in marriage and procreation, and in the importance of leading an ethical and moral lifestyle in this world.
Mandaeism 
 They look forward to a future liberated from the influence of the Torah, which they consider to be evil in origin.
Mandaeism 
 While they agree with other gnostic sects that the world is a prison governed by the planetary archons, they do not view it as a cruel and inhospitable one.
Mandaeism 
 The Genzā Rabbā is divided into two halves — the Genzā Smālā or "Left Ginza" and the Genzā Yeminā or "Right Ginza".
Mandaeism 
 A scribe might join two letters in a certain way, or he might do the dots on those letters that have them in a special way.
Mandaeism 
 That way he was able to show that the copying of that text goes back to the to the late 2nd or early 3rd century AD.
Mandaeism 
 These special marks show that the Mandaeans existed during the late Arsacid period at the very latest.
Mandaeism 
 According to this legend, the Mandaeans left Palestine after the destruction of Jerusalem in the 1st century AD and settled inside the Arsacid empire.
Mandaeism 
 Although the Ginza continued to evolve under the rule of the Sassanians and the Islamic empires, few textual traditions can lay claim to such extensive continuity.
Mandaeism 
 Other important books include the Qolastā, the "Canonical Prayerbook of the Mandaeans," which was translated by E.S. Drower.
Mandaeism 
 One of the most important works of Mandaean scripture is the Draša d-Iahia "the Book of John the Baptist".
Mandaeism 
 There are also many other religious texts such as ritual commentaries, which are generally only consulted by the members of the priesthood.
Mandaeism 
 The language in which the Mandaean religious literature was originally written is known as Mandaic, and is a member of the Aramaic family of dialects.
Mandaeism 
 Iahia or Iuhana "John the Baptist" has a special status, higher than his role in Christianity and Islam.
Mandaeism 
 Mandaeans maintain that Jesus was a mšiha kdaba "false messiah" who changed the teachings given to him by John.
Mandaeism 
 The Mandaic word k(a)daba, however, comes  from two roots: the first root, meaning "to lie," is the one traditionally given to Jesus; the second, meaning "to write," might provide a second meaning, that of "book".
Mandaeism 
 Some Mandaeans, who are motivated perhaps by an ecumenical spirit, maintain that Jesus was not a "lying Messiah" but a "book Messiah".
Mandaeism 
 Likewise, the Mandaeans believe that Abraham, Moses, and Muhammad were false prophets, but recognize other prophetic figures from the monotheistic traditions, such as Adam, his sons Hibil (Abel) and Šitil (Seth), and his grandson Anuš (Enosh), as well as Nuh (Noah), his son Sam (Shem) and his son Ram (Aram).
Mandaeism 
 [T]hose amongst the community who possess secret knowledge are called Nauraiia - Naoreans (or, if the heavy '' is written as 'z', Nazorenes).
Mandaeism 
 Even then he has not attained to true enlightenment, for this, called 'Nairuta', is reserved for a very few.
Mandaeism 
 Those possessed of its secrets may call themselves Naoreans, and 'Naorean' today indicates not only one who observes strictly all rules of ritual purity, but one who understands the secret doctrine.
Mandaeism 
 There are three grades of priesthood in Mandaeism: the tarmidia "disciples" (Neo-Mandaic tarmidānā), the ganzibria "treasurers" (from Old Persian ganza-bara "id.", Neo-Mandaic ) and the rišamma "leader of the people."
Mandaeism 
 At the moment, the highest office currently occupied is that of the , a title which appears first in a religious context in the Aramaic ritual texts from Persepolis (ca.
Mandaeism 
 3rd c. BCE) and which may be related to the kamnaskires (Elamite <qa-ap-nu-iš-ki-ra> kapnuskir "treasurer"), title of the rulers of Elymais (modern Khuzestan) during the Hellenistic age.
Mandaeism 
 Traditionally, any  who baptizes seven or more  may qualify for the office of rišamma, though the Mandaean community has yet to rally as a whole behind any single candidate.
Mandaeism 
 In 1831, an outbreak of cholera devastated the region and eliminated most if not all of the Mandaean religious authorities.
Mandaeism 
 Two of the surviving acolytes (šgandia), Yahia Bihram and Ram Zihrun, reestablished the priesthood on the basis of their own training and the texts that were available to them.
Mandaeism 
 According to the Fihrist of ibn al-Nadim, Mani, the founder of Manichaeism, was brought up within the Elkasaites (Elcesaites or Elchasaite) sect.
Mandaeism 
 Mandaean scholar Säve-Söderberg showed that Mani's Psalms of Thomas were closely related to Mandaean texts.
Mandaeism 
 Other groups which have been identified with the Mandaeans include the "Nasoraeans", described by Epiphanius, and the Dositheans, mentioned by Theodore Bar Kōnī in his Scholion.
Mandaeism 
 Ibn al-Nadim also mentions a group called the Mughtasila, "the self-ablutionists," who may be identified with one or the other of these groups.
Mandaeism 
 It is difficult to say if groups such as the Elkasaites, the Mughtasila, the Nasoraeans, and the Dositheans are related to the Mandaeans or to one another.
Mandaeism 
 In Iran, Mandeans do not have a problem with violence, but they are prohibited from fully participating in civil life because of  Gozinesh Law.
Mandaeism 
 This law and other gozinesh provisions  require a religious screening for people who want to  access employment, education, and a range of other areas.
Mandaeism 
 These laws are regularly applied to discriminate against religious and ethnic groups that are not officially recognized, such as the Mandaeans.
Mandaeism 
 In 2007,  only about 5,000 to 7,000 remain there; over 80% of Iraqi Mandaeans were refugees in Syria and Jordan.
Mandaeism 
 There are small Mandaean populations in Australia (c. 3,500 as of 2006), Canada, the USA (c. 1,500), the UK (c. 1,000) and Sweden (c. 5,000).
Mandaeism 
 The current status of the Mandaeans has prompted a number of American intellectuals and civil rights activists to call for their government to extend refugee status to the community.
Mandaeism 
 In 2007, the  New York Times ran an op-ed in which Swarthmore professor Nathaniel Deutsch called for the Bush administration to take immediate action to preserve the community:
Mandaeism 
 Mandaean Association Union - The Mandaean Association Union is an international federation which strives for unification of Mandaeans around the globe.
Mandaeism 
 Mandaean World- Information on the Mandaeans including history, the Mandaic language and Literature.
Mandaeism 
 Mandaean scriptures: Ginza Rba and Haran Gawaitha texts and fragments—Take note the book titled Ginza Rba is not the Ginza Rba but is instead "The Canonical Prayerbook of the Mandaeans" as translated by E.S Drower.
Mandaeism 
 Gnostic John the Baptizer: Selections from the Mandæan John-Book: This is the complete 1924 edition of G.R.S. Mead's classic study of the Mandæan John-Book (in The Gnosis Archive collection - www.gnosis.org).
Mandaeism 
 Fragments of a Faith Forgotten by G.R.S. Mead a complete version (with old and new errors), contains information on Mani, Manichaeism, Elkasaites, Nasoraeans, Sabians and other gnostic groups.
Substitution box 
 In block ciphers, the S-Boxes are used to make the relation between the key and the ciphertext (coded text) difficult to understand–Shannon's property of confusion.
Substitution box 
 In general, an S-Box takes some number of input bits, m, and transforms them into some number of output bits, n: an m×n S-Box can be implemented as a lookup table with 2m words of n bits each.
Substitution box 
 Fixed tables are normally used, as in the Data Encryption Standard (DES), but in some ciphers the tables are generated dynamically from the key; e.g. the Blowfish and the Twofish encryption algorithms.
Substitution box 
 Given a 6-bit input, the 4-bit output is found by selecting the row using the outer two bits, and the column using the inner four bits.
Substitution box 
 For example, an input "011011" has outer bits "01" and inner bits "1101"; the corresponding output would be "1001".
Substitution box 
 The 8 S-Boxes of DES were the subject of intensive studies for many years cause of a concern that a method of bypassing the DES cipher to obtaining access to the plaintext–a vulnerability (susceptibility) known only to its designers–might have been planted (inserted) in the cipher.
Substitution box 
 In 1994, the S-Box design criteria were finally published by its designers after the public rediscovery of differential cryptanalysis, showing that they had been carefully tuned the design to increase resistance against differential cryptanalysis attacks.
Substitution box 
 Other research had already indicated that even a very small modification to one of the 8 S-Box used by the DES could weaken it very much.
Substitution box 
 The design of good S-Boxes was the subject of a great amount of research; now much more is understood about their use in block ciphers than when the DES S-Boxes were released.
Martigues 
 It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.
Meyrargues 
 Meyrargues is a commune in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in south France.
Meyreuil 
 It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.
Miramas 
 It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.
Mollégès 
 It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.
Mouriès 
 It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.
Noves 
 It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.
Orgon 
 It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.
Paradou 
 It is found in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.
Pélissanne 
 It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.
Les Pennes-Mirabeau 
 It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.
La Penne-sur-Huveaune 
 It is in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.
Peynier 
 It is found in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.
Peypin 
 It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.
Peyrolles-en-Provence 
 It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.
Plan-de-Cuques 
 It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.
Plan-d'Orgon 
 It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.
Confusion and diffusion 
 Confusion and diffusion were identified by Claude Elwood Shannon in his paper, "Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems" published in 1949.
Confusion and diffusion 
 Confusion refers to making the relationship between the key and the ciphertext as complex and as involved as possible
Confusion and diffusion 
 Diffusion refers to the property that redundancy in the statistics of the plaintext is "dissipated" in the statistics of the ciphertext.
Confusion and diffusion 
 In a cipher with good diffusion, flipping an input bit should change each output bit with a probability of one half (this is termed the Strict Avalanche Criterion).
Confusion and diffusion 
 Substitution (a rule for replacing plaintext symbols by another) has been identified as a mechanism for primarily confusion (see S-box); on the other hand transposition using P-box (rearranging or swapping the order of symbols) is a technique for diffusion, although other mechanisms are also used in modern practice, such as linear transformations (e.g. in AES).
Confusion and diffusion 
 Product ciphers use alternating substitution and transposition phases (rounds) to achieve both confusion and diffusion respectively.
Confusion and diffusion 
 Claude E. Shannon, "Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems", Bell System Technical Journal, vol.28-4, page 656–715, 1949.
Port-de-Bouc 
 It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.
Port-Saint-Louis-du-Rhône 
 It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.
Puyloubier 
 It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.
Rognac 
 It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.
Rognonas 
 It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.
La Roque-d'Anthéron 
 It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.
Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems 
 Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems is a paper published by Claude Shannon discussing cryptography from the viewpoint of information theory.
Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems 
 It is also a proof that all theoretically unbreakable (un-crack-able) ciphers must have the same requirements as the one-time pad encryption algorithm.
Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems 
 Shannon published an earlier version of this research in the classified report A Mathematical Theory of Cryptography, Memorandum MM 45-110-02, Sept. 1, 1945, Bell Laboratories.
Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems 
 In 1948, Shannon published his great paper "A Mathematical Theory of Communication" which is considered one of the founding works of the field of information theory.
Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems 
 Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems", Bell System Technical Journal, vol.28(4), page 656–715, 1949.
Come as You Are (Nirvana song) 
 It was the second single from their second album, Nevermind, the first was the enormously popular "Smells Like Teen Spirit".
Come as You Are (Nirvana song) 
 It has a lot of random scenes, such as Kurt Cobain sitting on a chandelier hanging from a ceiling, a handgun floating in a swimming pool, and a baby swimming in that pool (a reference to the cover art of Nevermind.)
Come as You Are (Nirvana song) 
 After the single was released, the English post-punk band Killing Joke became angry at Nirvana for supposedly ripping off their song "Eighties".
Come as You Are (Nirvana song) 
 Nirvana thought that "Smells Like Teen Spirit", the previous single from Nevermind, would not be very popular, and that "Come as You Are" would be a big hit.
Come as You Are (Nirvana song) 
 However, "Smells Like Teen Spirit" became the band's most famous song and one of the most famous songs ever, even though Come as You Are was also popular.
Come as You Are (Nirvana song) 
 The show contained mostly their unpopular songs and covers of other artists' songs; "Come as You Are" was the only hit they played.
International Data Encryption Algorithm 
 In cryptography, the International Data Encryption Algorithm (IDEA) is a block cipher designed by Xuejia Lai and James Massey of ETH Zurich in 1991.
International Data Encryption Algorithm 
 IDEA very like an earlier cipher called Proposed Encryption Standard (PES), but with some improvements.
International Data Encryption Algorithm 
 IDEA was used in Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) v2.0 after the cipher used in v1.0, BassOmatic, was found to be breakable.
International Data Encryption Algorithm 
 It contains a series of eight identical transformations (rounds) and one output transformation (the half-round).
International Data Encryption Algorithm 
 IDEA derives much of its security by interleaving operations from different groups — modular addition and multiplication, and bitwise eXclusive OR (XOR) — which are chosen to be "algebraically incompatible".
International Data Encryption Algorithm 
 Each of the eight round uses six sub-keys, while the half-round uses four; for a total of 52 sub-keys.
International Data Encryption Algorithm 
 The first eight sub-keys are extracted directly from the 128-bit key, with K1 being the lowest sixteen bits and K8 is the highest sixteen bits; further groups of eight keys are created by rotating the main key left 25 bits after the creation of the previous group; six rotations generate all sub-keys.
International Data Encryption Algorithm 
 The designers analyzed IDEA to measure its strength against differential cryptanalysis and concluded that it is unsusceptible only under certain assumptions.
International Data Encryption Algorithm 
 As of 2007, the best attack which applies to all keys can break IDEA if reduced to 6 rounds (the full IDEA cipher uses 8.5 rounds).
International Data Encryption Algorithm 
 In 1996, Bruce Schneier wrote about IDEA, "In my opinion, it is the best and most secure block algorithm available to the public at this time." (
International Data Encryption Algorithm 
 However, by 1999 he was no longer recommending IDEA due to the availability of faster cryptographic algorithms, some progress in its cryptanalysis, and the issue of patents.
International Data Encryption Algorithm 
 Hüseyin Demirci, Erkan Türe, Ali Aydin Selçuk, A New Meet in the Middle Attack on The IDEA Block Cipher, 10th Annual Workshop on Selected Areas in Cryptography, 2004.
International Data Encryption Algorithm 
 Xuejia Lai and James L. Massey, A Proposal for a New Block Encryption Standard, EUROCRYPT 1990, pp389–404
International Data Encryption Algorithm 
 Xuejia Lai and James L. Massey and S. Murphy, Markov ciphers and differential cryptanalysis, Advances in Cryptology — Eurocrypt '91, Springer-Verlag (1992), pp17–38.
International Data Encryption Algorithm 
 Eli Biham, Orr Dunkelman, Nathan Keller, A New Attack on 6-round IDEA, Fast Software Encryption Workshop, 2007.
2008 Yemen floods 
 The Yemeni governorates of Hadhramaut, Lahij, Al Mahrah and Ta'izz were affected the worst by the floods, and most of the deaths were in Hadhramaut.
2008 Yemen floods 
 Before the flooding was several days of rain starting on October 23, as the remains of a tropical cyclone moved over the area.
2008 Yemen floods 
 Rain continued, with weather systems coming in from neighbouring Saudi Arabia and northern Somalia, causing severe flooding in some areas of Yemen.
2008 Yemen floods 
 Thousands of families fled Hadhramaut alone; many schools were used as evacuee shelters, but these could only hold 10% of the affected.
2008 Yemen floods 
 Search and rescue teams said that the number of deaths may increase due to the likelihood of people trapped in flooded houses.
2008 Yemen floods 
 The Yemeni government promised to supply tents as a means of emergency shelter, along with other emergency supplies, with six transport aircraft loaded with supplies taking off from Sanaa on Saturday and more scheduled for later.
2008 Yemen floods 
 President Ali Abdullah Saleh ordered the creation of a committee to provide aid to affected civilians.
2008 Yemen floods 
 However, several residents in the city of Shibam say that government assistance and support, if any, is low.
2008 Yemen floods 
 The Organisation of the Islamic Conference declared the situation a "national catastrophe" and started a drive on Saturday to collect funds for the relief of flood victims.
2008 Yemen floods 
 Yemeni president Ali Abdullah Saleh said, "The damages... are great and the catastrophe is also great."
2008 Yemen floods 
 Along with deaths, about 730 homes were destroyed, along with businesses and other building projects.
2008 Yemen floods 
 The severe thunder of the thunderstorms resulted in at least nine deaths from lightning in the Al Mahrah, Ta'izz and Lahij governorates.
Alexander Ramsey 
 Ramsey was elected from Pennsylvania as a Whig to the U.S. House of Representatives and served in the 28th and 29th congresses from March 4, 1843 to March 3, 1847.
Alexander Ramsey 
 He served as the first Territorial Governor of Minnesota June 1, 1849 to May 15, 1853 as a member of the Whig Party.
Alexander Ramsey 
 Ramsey was elected the second Governor of Minnesota after statehood and served from January 2, 1860 to July 10, 1863.
Alexander Ramsey 
 Ramsey is credited with being the first Union governor to commit troops during the American Civil War (he happened to be in Washington, D.C. when fighting broke out).
Alexander Ramsey 
 He resigned the governorship to become a U.S. Senator, having been elected to that post in 1863 as a Republican.
Alexander Ramsey 
 He was re-elected in 1869 and held the office until March 3, 1875, serving in the 38th, 39th, 40th, 41st, 42nd, and 43rd congresses.
Alexander Ramsey 
 Alexander Ramsey Park, located in Redwood Falls, Minnesota, is the largest municipal park in Minnesota.
Alexander Ramsey 
 Ramsey County, Minnesota, Ramsey County, North Dakota, the city of Ramsey, Minnesota, the city of Ramsey, Illinois, Ramsey Park in Stillwater, Minnesota, and Alexander Ramsey Elementary School in Montevideo, Minnesota are also named for him.
Lounge Act 
 It was the ninth song on their second studio album, Nevermind, which is credited with bring grunge music to the mainstream.
Lounge Act 
 The song is much like the post-grunge songs that were very popular starting in the mid-1990s, after Nirvana broke up.
Lounge Act 
 The title "Lounge Act" came from when the band thought it sounded like a song they would play in a lounge.
Hurricane Dean 
 Dean moved west-northwest from the eastern Atlantic Ocean through the Saint Lucia Channel and into the Caribbean Sea.
Hurricane Dean 
 It became into a very strong hurricane, reaching Category 5 status on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale before moving south of Jamaica on August 20.
Hurricane Dean 
 It moved across the peninsula and entered the Bay of Campeche, as a weakened storm, but still a hurricane.
Hurricane Dean 
 It strengthened for a short time before making a second landfall in Veracruz near Tecolutla, Mexico, on August 22.
Hurricane Dean 
 Dean slowly moved to the northwest, weakening into a low pressure area which dissipated over the southwestern United States.
Hurricane Dean 
 The hurricane's strong winds, waves, rains and storm surge caused over 45 deaths across ten countries and caused estimated damages of US$1.5 billion.
Hurricane Dean 
 First impacting the islands of the Lesser Antilles, Dean's path through the Caribbean severely damaged agricultural crops, especially those of Martinique and Jamaica.
Hurricane Dean 
 When it reached  Mexico, Hurricane Dean was a Category 5 storm, but it missed large cities and its exceptional Category 5 strength landfall caused no deaths and less damage than in the Caribbean islands it passed as a Category 2 storm.
Hurricane Dean 
 Because of the damage, the name Dean was retired, and will not be used again for a tropical cyclone.