the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_embeddings huggingface dataset:
NATO 
 The Rise and Fall of the European Defense Community: Anglo-American Relations and the Crisis of European Defense, 1950–55 Palgrave, 2000.
Felidae 
 The family is of quite recent origin: the first fossils are from the Oligocene, 25 million years ago (mya).
Felidae 
 There are 41 living species, including the domestic cat, and they are monophyletic: all descended from the same ancestor.
Felidae 
 In most species, the tail is a third or a half the length of the body, with some exceptions (the bobcat and margay).
Felidae 
 More examples of felines are the big cats – the lion, tiger, leopard, jaguar, snow leopard, clouded leopard, puma, and cheetah - and other wild cats, for example the lynx, caracal, and bobcat.
Felidae 
 There were at least 10 migrations (in both directions) from continent to continent via the Bering land bridge and Isthmus of Panama.
Felidae 
 The felids' closest relatives are the linsangs, and at one remove the group of civets, hyenas, mongooses, and Madagascar carnivores, with whom they share the Suborder Feliformia.
Felidae 
 Genetic research has provided a basis for a more concise classification for the living members of the cat family based on genotypical groupings.
Felidae 
 The last four lineages (5, 6, 7, 8) are more related to each other than to any of the first four (1, 2, 3, 4), and so form a clade within the Felinae subfamily of family Felidae.
1668 
 February 13 Lisbon – Peace Treaty between Afonso VI of Portugal and Carlos II of Spain, by mediation of Charles II of England where it is recognized the legitimity of the Portuguese monarch.
1668 
 July 25 – The magnitude 8.5 Shandong earthquake causes 43,000 to 50,000 deaths in Shandong during the Qing Dynasty, making it the largest historical earthquake in Eastern China.
1668 
 August 17 – The magnitude 8.0 North Anatolia earthquake causes 8,000 deaths in northern Anatolia, Ottoman Empire, and is the most powerful earthquake recorded in Turkey.
1668 
 Emperor Yohannes I of Ethiopia convenes a church council in Gondar, which decides to expel all Roman Catholics in Ethiopia.
Andrei Sakharov 
 Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov (Russian: Андре́й Дми́триевич Са́харов, May 21 1921 – December 14 1989), was a Soviet nuclear physicist.
Andrei Sakharov 
 Sakharov was an advocate of nuclear disarmament and civil liberties and reforms in the Soviet Union.
Andrei Sakharov 
 He graduated from college during World War II but was kept out of the Red Army to do scientific research for the government.
Andrei Sakharov 
 He asked for more freedom of religion and defended others who had spoken out and been put into jail.
Andrei Sakharov 
 After Sakharov criticized activities of the USSR's Arab allies, Arab terrorists came to his apartment and held him, his wife, and his stepson hostage for an hour.
Andrei Sakharov 
 The Communists were afraid that if something happened to him, it would give the world a bad image of the USSR.
Andrei Sakharov 
 But when Sakharov criticized the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979, they became very angry and took him to the city of Gorky.
Andrei Sakharov 
 In 1986, Mikhail Gorbachev, who agreed with Sakharov and thought there should be glasnost, let the dissident scientist return home.
Andrei Sakharov 
 Sakharov continued to call for reform, and in December 1989, he died of heart failure, at the age of 68. .
1686 
 July 17 – A meeting took place at Lüneburg between 'some evangelical Princes and Electors' and representatives of the King of Navarre, the King of Denmark and the Queen of England.
1686 
 The object of this meeting is the formation of an 'evangelical' league of defence against the Catholic League, called the 'Confederatio Militiae Evangelicae'.
1686 
 September 2 – The forces of the Holy League of 1684 liberate Buda from the Ottoman Turkish rule that leads to the end of Turkish rule in Hungary during the subsequent years.
1686 
 A group of conspirators met at Charborough House in Dorset to plan the overthrow of king James II of England by Parliamentarians and the Dutch William III of Orange-Nassau.
1st century 
 During this period Europe, North Africa and the Near East fell under increasing domination by the Roman Empire.
1st century 
 Later in the century the Julio-Claudian Dynasty, which had been founded by Augustus came to an end with the death of Nero in 68.
1st century 
 There followed the famous Year of Four Emperors, a brief period of civil war and instability, which was finally brought to an end by Vespasian, 9th Roman emperor, and founder of the Flavian Dynasty.
1st century 
 China continued to be dominated by the Han Dynasty, despite a 14-year interruption by the Xin dynasty under Wang Mang.
1st century 
 Excavated in 1893, the year of the silver wedding anniversary of Italy's King Humbert and his wife, Margherita of Savoy, who have supported archaeological fieldwork at Pompeii.
1st century 
 9: Three Roman legions were destroyed at Teutoberg Forest by Germans under the leadership of Arminius.
1st century 
 The regions of present-day Afghanistan, Pakistan and North India come under the control of the Kushans, a nomadic people forced out of northwest China by the Han Dynasty.
1st century 
 Kaundinya, an Indian Brahmin marries Soma and establishes the Pre-Angkor Cambodian Kingdom of Funan.
1st century 
 The Goths settle in northern Poland, which they called Gothiscandza, and shape the Wielbark culture.
1st century 
 July 19, 64: Great Fire of Rome, first Roman mass Persecution of Christians, earliest significant recognition of Christians in Rome.
1st century 
 Late 1st century – Cityscape, detail of a Second Style wall painting from a bedroom in the House of Publius Fannius Synistor, Boscoreale, is made.
1st century 
 The painting "Alexander the Great confronts Darius III at the Battle of Issos", detail of mosaic floor decoration from Pompeii, Italy is made.
1st century 
 Late 1st century – Mausoleum under Construction, relief from the tomb of the Haterius family, Via Labicana, Rome, is made.
1st century 
 c. Late 1st century – early 2nd century – Buddha and Attendants, from Katra Keshavdev, Mathura, Madhya Pradesh, India, is made.
1st century 
 Various inventions by Hero of Alexandria, including the steam turbine (aeolipile), water organ, and various other water-powered machines.
1st century 
 In 31, the Han Dynasty Chinese engineer and statesman Du Shi (d. 38) from Nanyang invented the first known hydraulic-powered bellows to heat the blast furnace in smelting cast iron.
1st century 
 He used a complex mechanical device that was powered by the rushing current against a waterwheel, a practice that would continue in China.
1st century 
 Although Philo of Byzantium described the saqiya chain pump in the early 2nd century BC, the square-pallet chain pump was innovated in China during this century, mentioned first by the philosopher Wang Chong around 80 AD.
1st century 
 Wang Chong also accurately described the water cycle in meteorology, and argued against the mainstream 'radiating influence' theory for solar eclipses, the latter of which was accepted by many, including Zhang Heng.
1st century 
 According to the New Testament, during the reign of Tiberius, Jesus, a Jewish religious leader from Galilee, was crucified in Jerusalem on the charge of blasphemy for claiming to be the Son of God.
1st century 
 Over the next few decades his followers, following the Great Commission, including the apostle Paul, carried his message throughout the Greek-speaking regions of Asia Minor, eventually introducing it to Rome itself.
1st century 
 Roman rulers began to persecute the new sect almost immediately (the emperor Nero accused the Christians of starting the fires that destroyed much of Rome in 64 AD), and would continue to do so for centuries, sometimes vigorously, and other times passively.
1st century 
 Christian tradition records that all of Christ's apostles except John the Evangelist suffered martyrdom.
1st century 
 One of his successors Julian the Apostate renounced it for paganism and again persecuted the Church.
1st century 
 However, by the end of the 4th century, Emperor Theodosius I proclaimed Christianity as the state religion of the Roman Empire.
Lynx 
 The color of the body is from light brown to grey and is sometimes marked with dark brown spots, especially on the legs.
Lynx 
 They weigh about 5 kg or about 11 pounds (approximately the size of a large domestic cat) and can weigh up to about 30 kg (66 pounds).
Lynx 
 They have a powerful body on short, furry legs attached to hefty feet, and a bobbed, black-tipped tail.
Lynx 
 They can be found in the some places in northern Scandinavia, in North America and also in the Himalayas.
Lynx 
 The Colorado Division of Wildlife tried to move other wild Lynx populations from Canada back to the United States.
Lynx 
 Mating takes place in the late winter and once a year the female gives birth to between two and four kittens.
Lynx 
 The young stay with the mother for one more winter, a total of around nine months, before moving out to live on their own as young adults.
Lynx 
 They feed on a wide range of animals from white-tailed deer, reindeer, roe deer, small red deer, and chamois, to smaller, more usual prey: snowshoe hares, fish, foxes, sheep, squirrels, mice, turkeys and other birds, and goats.
Shania Twain 
 Shania Twain  (born Eilleen Regina Edwards; August 28, 1965, in Timmins, Ontario, Canada) is a Canadian singer-songwriter and record producer.
Shania Twain 
 Her 1997 album Come On Over became the bestselling album of all time by a female musician in any genre and the bestselling country album of all time.
Shania Twain 
 It entered at the top of the charts in Australia, Canada, the UK, and the US, where it opened with 137,000 combined copies and streams.
Shania Twain 
 On December 20, 2010, Twain's manager said that Twain was engaged to Swiss Frédéric Thiébaud (the ex-husband of her former best friend), an executive at Nestlé.
Shania Twain 
 In September 2010, it was confirmed that Twain was to release her first biography, From This Moment On, on May 3, 2011.
Shania Twain 
 She was named the 1999 Entertainer of the Year by both the Academy of Country Music and the Country Music Association.
Shania Twain 
 The city of Timmins (in Ontario, Canada) renamed a street for her, gave her the key to the city, and built the Shania Twain Centre in her honour.
Shania Twain 
 Twain has released thirty-five singles from four studio albums, one greatest hits album, and one soundtrack album.
Dionne Warwick 
 Warwick's sister Dee Dee Warwick (1942-2008), their aunt Cissy Houston (born 1933) and cousin Whitney Houston (1963-2012) were singers.
Barenaked Ladies 
 In 1991, the band was taken off the program for a New Year's Eve concert in Toronto because someone thought the name was bad.
Nintendogs 
 They give the dogs food and drinks if a dog is good one might get to feed them a dog biscuit or a jerky treat.
Nintendogs 
 They are: Dalmatian and Friends, Chihuahua and Friends, Labrador and Friends and Dachshund and Friends.
Nintendogs 
 All breeds are unlockable in every version and a player can unlock dogs by increasing his trainer points.
Luigi 
 The first game Luigi was in was Mario Bros. (Game and Watch) (1983) as a character seen working in a factory.
Luigi 
 He later appeared playable in the 1983 arcade game Mario Bros and was played by the second character.
Luigi 
 However, he has his own games where is the main character, like Luigi's Mansion and Mario is Missing!.
Luigi 
 He also appears in many spin-offs, such as Mario Kart, Mario Party and the Super Smash Bros. series.
Luigi 
 Luigi has also been in every show of the three DiC TV series based on the Nintendo Entertainment System and Super Nintendo Entertainment System games.
Luigi 
 Nintendo called 2013 "The Year of Luigi" to mark the thirty years of the existence of the character.
Luigi 
 Similarly, games being released in 2013 bring attention to Luigi, such as Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon, Mario & Luigi: Dream Team, Dr. Luigi, and the level pack New Super Luigi U for New Super Mario Bros. U. In Super Mario 3D World a Luigi version of Mario Bros. called Luigi Bros. can be unlocked.
Luigi 
 The Nintendo designer Shigeru Miyamoto had created Mario (who used to be "Jumpman") hoping that he would be able to present the character in many different pars in future games.
Luigi 
 Miyamoto had been given ideas by the game Joust to create a game where two players can play at the same time.
Luigi 
 This was the cause of his development of the game Mario Bros. in 1983, with Luigi as the brother of Mario and the second playable character.
Luigi 
 The name Luigi is said to have been inspired by a pizza business near the head office of Nintendo of America in Redmond, Washington, called "Mario & Luigi's".
Luigi 
 Miyamoto noticed that the word ruiji means "similar" in the Japanese language, and that Luigi was designed to have the same size, shape and gameplay of Mario.
Luigi 
 In Mario Bros., Mario and Luigi were designed as Italian plumbers by Miyamoto, on the suggestion of a partner.
Luigi 
 Software limits at the time—almost the same as those that gave Mario his special look in Donkey Kong—meant the first appearance of Luigi was limited to a simple palette swap of Mario designed to be the second player.
Luigi 
 After the success of Mario Bros., Luigi was presented to a wider market in 1985 with the release of the console game Super Mario Bros. Once again his part was limited to a palette swap of Mario, acting as the second-player in almost the same way as Mario Bros. The Japan-only form of Super Mario Bros. 2 in 1986 (released in the west as Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels in the future) marked the start of the development of Luigi becoming a separate character.
Luigi 
 Luigi could now jump high up and a great distance more than his brother, at the cost of motion reaction and exactness.
Luigi 
 While this form of Super Mario Bros. 2 was released in Japan, it was thought to be too hard for the American public at the time.
Luigi 
 In 1988, as a result, an alternative release was developed to be good enough as Super Mario Bros. 2 for western players (and in the future released in Japan as Super Mario USA).
Luigi 
 The game was a conversion of Yume Kōjō: Doki Doki Panic, with the art changed to be characters and places from the Mario series.
Luigi 
 In this release, the character of "Mama", who could jump the highest, was good enough for the model for Luigi.
Luigi 
 There were appearances of Luigi being taller than Mario before - for example, in the 1988 Famicom Disk System game Famicom Grand Prix II: 3D Hot Rally and before that, in a very limited 1986 anime Super Mario Bros.: Peach-Hime Kyushutsu Dai Sakusen! (
Luigi 
 Nintendo of Japan would not change his art differences to his look within the game until the 1992 game Super Mario Kart.
Luigi 
 The appearance of Luigi from the Yume Kōjō: Doki Doki Panic version of Super Mario Bros. 2 has been used ever since, even for games made again in which he was a palette swap to start with.
Luigi 
 In Mario Kart 64, which voiced many characters for the first time, some characters had two different voices in relation to the region of the game.
Luigi 
 North American and European forms present a deep voice for Luigi, by Charles Martinet, who also voices Mario, Wario, Waluigi, and Toadsworth.
Luigi 
 The Japanese form uses a high, falsetto voice, by (then French translator at Nintendo) Julien Bardakoff.
Luigi 
 Since then, in all games but Mario Kart: Super Circuit and Super Smash Bros. Melee, Luigi has always had a medium-pitched voice.
Luigi 
 In Mario Kart: Super Circuit, Luigi's voice was the same high voice from the Japanese Mario Kart 64.
Luigi 
 In Super Smash Bros. and Super Smash Bros. Melee, Luigi's voice is based on Mario's voice (with clips taken from Super Mario 64), with a higher pitch.
RAID 
 RAID is an acronym that stands for Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks or  Redundant Array of Independent Disks.
RAID 
 Each of the methods that puts the hard disks together has some benefits and drawbacks over using the drives as single disks, independent of each other.
RAID 
 In Microsoft Windows, each hard disk will get a drive letter (starting with C:, A: or B: are reserved for floppy drives).
RAID 
 This means that people who use the computers sometimes do not know where the information is stored.(To be fair, a lot of Windows users don't know where their data is stored as well.)
RAID 
 In computing, the hard disks (which are hardware, and can be touched) are sometimes called physical drives or physical disks.
RAID 
 Therefore, to the user, both the setup with many physical disks and the setup with many logical disks will look the same.
RAID 
 The user cannot decide if a "logical disk" is the same as a physical disk, or if it simply is a part of the disk.
RAID 
 When data is read from disk, the conversion is done in the other direction: An electrical signal is made from the polarity of a magnetic field.
RAID 
 Joining several disks to get more storage capacity; sometimes lots of cheap disks are used, rather than a more expensive one.
RAID 
 This means that they store the data more often, or they store information on how to reconstruct the data.
RAID 
 When the failed disk is replaced, the data it should contain will be copied or rebuilt from the other disks of the system.
RAID 
 One of the reasons why many companies are using RAID is that the data in the array can simply be used.
RAID 
 Accessing the data during this time will also slow down the recovery process, but this is still much faster than not being able to work with the data at all.
RAID 
 Depending on the RAID level however, disks may not fail while the new disk is being prepared for use.
RAID 
 In 1978, a man called Norman Ken Ouchi, who worked at IBM, made a suggestion describing the plans for what would later become RAID 5.
RAID 
 The plans also described something similar to RAID 1, as well as the protection of a part of RAID 4.
RAID 
 They were trying to make it possible for RAID technology to recognize two hard drives instead of one.
RAID 
 They found that when RAID technology had two hard drives, it had much better storage than with only one hard drive.
RAID 
 In 1988, the different types of RAID (1 to 5), were written about by David Patterson, Garth Gibson and Randy Katz in their article, called "A Case for Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks (RAID)".
RAID 
 RAID uses a few basic ideas, which were described in the article "RAID: High-Performance, Reliable Secondary Storage" by Peter Chen and others, published in 1994.
RAID 
 Requests from the cache are not necessarily handled in the same order that they were written to the cache.
RAID 
 This makes it possible that, if the system fails, sometimes some data has not been written to the disk involved.
RAID 
 If there are two copies, one of them can fail without the data being affected (as it still is on the other copy).
RAID 
 That way, with four disks, and a stripe size of 64 kilobytes (kB), 16 kB will be written to each disk.
RAID 
 The chunk size in this example is therefore 16 kB. Making the stripe size bigger will mean a faster data transfer rate, but also a bigger maximum latency.
RAID 
 Many controllers (and also software) can put disks together in the following way: Take the first disk, till it ends, then they take the second,  and so on.
RAID 
 This is like a distant relative of RAID because the logical drive is made of different physical drives.
RAID 
 For example, JBOD could combine 3 GB, 15 GB, 5.5 GB, and 12 GB drives into a logical drive at 35.5 GB, which is often more useful than the drives alone.
RAID 
 In the diagram to the right, data are concatenated from the end of disk 0 (block A63) to the beginning of disk 1 (block A64); end of disk 1 (block A91) to the beginning of disk 2 (block A92).
RAID 
 If RAID 0 were used, then disk 0 and disk 2 would be truncated to 28 blocks, the size of the smallest disk in the array (disk 1) for a total size of 84 blocks.
RAID 
 The Mac OS X 10.4 implementation — called a "Concatenated Disk Set" — does not leave the user with any usable data on the remaining drives if one drive fails in a concatenated disk set, although the disks otherwise operate as described above.
RAID 
 Most modern hard disks have a standard called Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology (S.M.A.R.T).
RAID 
 Certain controllers allow to replace a single hard disk even before it fails, for example because S.M.A.R.T or another disk test reports too many correctable errors.
RAID 
 The setup of the disks and how they use the techniques above affects the performance and reliability of the system.
RAID 
 Therefore, RAID 0 is rarely used for important data, but reading and writing data from the disk can be faster with striping because each disk reads part of the file at the same time.
RAID 
 Since this method is symmetric, one lost data block can be rebuilt from the other data block and the checksum.
RAID 
 Overall, there will be one disk holding the checksums, so the total usable capacity will be that of all disks except for one.
RAID 
 The size of the resulting logical disk will be the size of all disks together, except for one disk which holds parity information.
RAID 
 Of course this is slower than RAID level 1, since on every write, all disks need to be read to calculate and update the parity information.
RAID 
 Except for the parity blocks, the distribution of data over the drives follows the same pattern as RAID 0.
RAID 
 Mainly because of performance problems of failed RAID 5 arrays, some database experts have formed a group called BAARF—the Battle Against Any Raid Five.
RAID 
 If the system fails while there are active writes, the parity of a stripe may become inconsistent with the data.
RAID 
 Battery-backed caches and similar techniques are commonly used to reduce the chance for this to occur.
RAID 
 Because it uses Hamming codes, RAID 2 can find out which piece of the information is wrong, and correct only that piece.
RAID 
 Because of its complexity and its need for very expensive and special hardware, RAID 2 is no longer used very much.
RAID 
 This is very similar to RAID 3, except that the parity information is calculated over larger blocks, and not single bytes.
RAID 
 RAID 6 is becoming popular because it allows an array to be rebuilt after a single-drive failure even if one of the remaining disks has one or more bad sectors.
RAID 
 Double parity RAID (also called diagonal parity RAID) uses a different polynomial for each of these parity blocks.
RAID 
 Recently, the industry association that defined RAID said that double parity RAID is a different form of RAID 6.
RAID 
 RAID 1.5 (not to be confused with RAID 15, which is different) is a proprietary RAID implementation.
RAID 
 RAID 5E, RAID 5EE and RAID 6E (with the added E for Enhanced) generally refer to different types of RAID 5 or RAID 6 with a hot spare.
RAID 
 This increases performance, but it means that a hot spare cannot be shared between different arrays.
RAID 
 It uses two or three disks, and then partitions them equally to form a combination of RAID 0, RAID 1, RAID 5 or RAID 1+0 levels.
RAID 
 It also includes a feature called RAID-Z. It avoids the problem called RAID 5 write hole  because it has a copy-on-write policy: It does not overwrite the data directly, but writes new data in a new location on the disk.
RAID 
 It avoids the need for read-modify-write operations for small writes, because it only writes full-stripes.
RAID 
 Small blocks are mirrored instead of parity protected, which is possible because the file system knows the way the storage is organised.
RAID 
 There is also RAID-Z2 which uses two forms of parity to achieve results similar to RAID 6: the ability to survive up to two drive failures without losing data.
RAID 
 RAID 0+1: Two or more RAID 0 arrays are combined to a RAID 1 array; This is called a Mirror of stripes
RAID 
 One disk of each RAID 5 can fail, but makes that RAID 5 the single point of failure; if another disk of that array fails, all the data of the array will be lost.
RAID 
 RAID 5+1: Mirror a set of RAID 5: In a situations where the RAID is made of six disks, any three can fail (without data being lost).