the-french-artist/wikipedia_20220301.simple_sentence_embeddings huggingface dataset:
History of Tamil Nadu 
 According to Iraiyanar Agapporul, a  3rd/5th century CE annotation on the Sangam literature, the Tamil country extended southwards beyond the natural boundaries of the Indian peninsula comprising of 49 ancient nadus (divisions).
History of Tamil Nadu 
 The Sangam legends also added to the antiquity of the Tamil people by claiming tens of thousands of years of continuous literary activity during three Sangams.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 The prehistoric period during which the Palaeolithic civilisations existed in the Tamil Nadu region has been estimated to span the period from about 50,000 BCE until around 3000 BCE.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 For most part of the lower Palaeolithic stage, humans lived close to river valleys with sparse forest cover or in grassland environments.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 The population density was very low and so far only two localities of this lower Palaeolithic culture have been found in south India.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 Archaeological research has uncovered evidence of fossil remains of animals and primitive stone implements around the northern Tamil Nadu that could be dated to belong to around 300,000 BCE.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 Humans in South India, belonging to the species of Homo erectus, lived in this primitive 'old stone age' (Palaeolithic) for quite a long time, using only crude implements such as hand axes and choppers and subsisting on food he hunted and gathered instead of actively growing it according to his needs.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 The ancestor of modern humans (Homo sapiens sapiens) who appeared around 50,000 years ago was more developed and could fabricate thinner flake tools and blade-like tools using a variety of stones.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 The Neolithic humans lived mostly on small flat hills or on the foothills in small, more or less permanent settlements but for periodical migration for grazing purposes.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 The Iron Age culture in peninsular India is marked by Megalithic burial sites, which are found in several hundreds of places.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 Ancient Tamil Nadu contained three monarchical states, headed by kings called Ventar and several tribal chieftaincies, headed by the chiefs called by the general denomination Vel or Velir.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 During the third century BCE, the Deccan was part of the Mauryan kingdom, and from the middle of the first century BCE to second century CE the same area was ruled by the Satavahana dynasty.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 The names of the three dynasties, Cholas, Pandyas, and Keralaputras or Cheras  are mentioned in the Pillars of Ashoka (inscribed 273–232 BCE) inscriptions, where they are mentioned among the kingdoms, which though not subject to Ashoka, were on friendly terms with him.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 Pandyas ruled initially from Korkai, a sea port on the southernmost tip of the Indian peninsula, and in later times moved to Madurai.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 Pandyas are also mentioned in Sangam Literature, as well as by Greek and Roman sources during this period.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 The early Pandyas went into obscurity at the end of the third century CE during the incursion of the Kalabhras.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 The kingdom of the Cheras comprised of the modern state of Kerala, along the western or Malabar Coast of southern India.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 After the close of the Sangam era, from about 300 to about 600 CE, there is an almost total lack of information regarding occurrences in the Tamil land.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 These people are described in later literature as 'evil rulers' who overthrew the established Tamil kings and got a strangle hold of the country.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 Jainism and Buddhism, took deep roots in the society, giving birth to a large body of ethical poetry.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 Writing became very widespread and vatteluttu evolved from the Tamil-Brahmi became a mature script for writing Tamil.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 The medieval period of the history of the Tamil country saw the rise and fall of many kingdoms, some of whom went on to the extent of empires, exerting influences both in India and overseas.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 The Hindu sects Saivism and Vaishnavism became more dominant, with temples being built and Dravidian architecture being supported by empires replacing the significance of Nastik Jainism and Buddhism of the previous era.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 Some of the output of villages throughout the kingdom was given to temples that reinvested some of the wealth accumulated as loans to the settlements.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 The seventh century Tamil Nadu saw the rise of the Pallavas under Mahendravarman I and his son Mamalla  Narasimhavarman I. The Pallavas were not a recognised political power before the second century.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 After the fall of the Satavahanas, they began to get control over parts of Andhra and the Tamil country.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 The Pallavas were at their finest during the reigns of Narasimhavarman I and Pallavamalla Nandivarman II.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 During the sixth and the seventh centuries, the western Deccan saw the rise of the Chalukyas based in Vatapi.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 The Pallavas had the more difficult existence of the two as they had to fight on two fronts - against the Pandyas as wells as the Chalukyas.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 After some decades of expansion, the Pandya kingdom was large enough to pose a serious threat to the Pallava power.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 The Pandya power continued to grow under Srimara and encroached further into the Pallava territories.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 Around 850 rose Vijayalaya, made use of an opportunity arising out of a conflict between Pandyas and Pallavas, captured Thanjavur and eventually established the imperial line of the medieval Cholas.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 He invaded Pallava kingdom in 903  and killed the Pallava king Aparajita in battle, ending the Pallava reign.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 However towards the end of his reign he suffered several reverses by the Rashtrakutas who had extended their territories well into the Chola kingdom.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 The Cholas went into a temporary decline during the next few years due to weak kings, palace intrigues and succession disputes.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 The British East India Company built a 'factory' (warehouse) at Armagaon (Durgarazpatnam), a village around 35 miles North of Pulicat, as the site in 1626.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 The conflict between the British and the French had as result in 1765 the Emperor of Delhi issued a firman (decree) recognizing the British possessions in southern India.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 Although the Company was becoming increasingly bold and ambitious in putting down resisting states, it was getting clearer day by day that the Company was incapable of governing the vast expanse of the captured territories.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 The next few decades were of rapid growth and expansion in the territories controlled by the English.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 The Anglo-Mysore Wars of 1766 to 1799, the Anglo-Maratha Wars of 1772 andPolygar Wars of 1800-1805 Dheeran chinnamalai,the Tamil king won three polygar wars against Britishers and at last he was hanged along with his two brothers.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 Then Britishers took entire control of Tamil Nadu by settling east India company after the death of chinnamalai the brave Tamil king.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 The discontent in the various districts of the company territories exploded in 1857 into the Sepoy war.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 Although the rebellion had a huge impact on the state of the colonial power in India, Tamil Nadu was mostly unaffected by it.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 Failure of the summer monsoons and administrative shortcomings of the Ryotwari system resulted in a severe famine in the Madras Presidency during 1876 - 1877.The government  instituted a famine insurance grant, setting aside 1.5 million Rupees.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 Other civic works such as canal building and improvements in roads and railway were also undertaken to minimise effects of any future famines.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 The growing desire for independence began to gradually gather pace in the country and its influence in Tamil Nadu generated a number of volunteers to the fight against the British colonial power in the struggle for Independence.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 In 1916 Dr. T.M. Nair and Rao Bahadur Thygaraya Chetty released the Non-Brahmin Manifesto sowing the seeds for the Dravidian movements.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 There had always been an atmosphere of mutual respect and peaceful coexistence between all religions in Tamil Nadu.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 Ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka during the 1970s and the 80s saw large numbers of Sri Lankan Tamils fleeing to Tamil Nadu.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 The domination of the Congress Party after 1947 gave way to the Dravidian populist mobilisation in the 1960s.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 The most recent phase saw the fragmentation of the Dravidian political parties and led to the advent of political alliances and coalition governments.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 Theeran Chinnamanlai Gounder by Pulavar S. Rasu, Samba Publications, 152 Peters Road, Chennai, India 600 086, 1996.
History of Tamil Nadu 
 Knogu Nattu Lion Singham Theeran Chinnamalai by Kavignar Magudam Manickam, Sakunthla Publications, Rangoli Graphics, 329 E.V.N.Road, Erode, TH, India 638 009, year 2001.
Leo Fender 
 Clarence Leonidas Fender (August 10, 1909 – March 21, 1991) also known as Leo Fender, was an American instrument maker.
Leo Fender 
 All of these instruments (the Telecaster, Stratocaster, Precision Bass, and the Jazz Bass) became popular.
Leo Fender 
 Many rock and pop music bands from the 1960s to the 2000s use these electric guitars and electric bass guitars.
Fret 
 A fret is a thin strip of varying materials (most commonly metal, but occasionally gut or nylon) found on string instruments.
Fret 
 The frets help the musician playing the instrument to know where to place their fingers on the instrument.
Fret 
 On historical instruments and some non-European instruments, pieces of string tied around the neck are frets.
Fret 
 On instruments such as guitars, each fret marks one semitone in the standard western system where one octave is divided into twelve semitones.
Amplifier 
 Electronic amplifiers make a signal from a radio or electric musical instrument (such as an electric guitar or an electric bass guitar) louder and stronger.
Amplifier 
 Example: A-class amplifier takes more current without signal than B-class amplifier but A-class amplifier have smaller distortion.
Amplifier 
 Electronic amplifiers make a signal from the radio or electric instrument louder and stronger by using transistors or vacuum tubes.
Amplifier 
 Once the signal from the radio or electric instrument has been made louder and stronger, the signal needs to be connected to a loudspeaker so that people can hear it.
Loudspeaker 
 A loudspeaker, which is also called a loud-speaker or speaker, is an item that is used to create the sound in radios, television sets, and electric musical instrument amplifier systems.
Loudspeaker 
 Loudspeakers use both electric and mechanical principles to convert an electrical signal from a radio, television set or electric musical instrument into sound.
Loudspeaker 
 For a loudspeaker to produce sound, the signal from the radio, television set, or electric musical instrument needs to be connected to an electronic amplifier.
Loudspeaker 
 Loudspeakers are usually built by using a stiff paper cone, a coil of thin copper wire, and a circular magnet.
Loudspeaker 
 Some loudspeakers are designed for lower-pitched sounds, such as woofer loudspeakers or subwoofer loudspeakers.
Loudspeaker 
 Other loudspeakers, which are called tweeters, are designed to reproduce high-pitched sounds (such as the sound of a whistle or a bird singing).
Loudspeaker 
 Loudspeakers for electric musical instruments are usually much stronger and heavier than loudspeakers for radios or television sets.
Loudspeaker 
 Bell invented the loudspeaker because he needed a device that would amplify sound for the telephone.
Loudspeaker 
 In 1878, the inventor Werner von Siemens from Germany patented an improved type of electrodynamic loudspeaker which did not yet include an amplifier.
Wałbrzych 
 Wałbrzych (pronounce:  ['vawbʒix], German: Waldenburg) is a town in southwestern Poland in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship.
Organ trio 
 Usually a jazz organ trio consists of a Hammond organ player, a drummer, and either a jazz guitarist or a saxophone player.
Organ trio 
 Important organ trio leaders from the 1950s were organists such as  Jimmy McGriff, Jimmy Smith, and Jack McDuff.
Organ trio 
 The word "organ trio" is also used to refer to the type (or "genre") of music played by organ trios from the 1950s and 1960s.
Organ trio 
 This would usually mean that they want to listen to music by Jimmy McGriff, Jimmy Smith, Jack McDuff, or other well-known organ trio leaders.
Hegemony 
 This might be direct dominance, such as through military might, but may be indirect dominance, such as when a nation can dictate the terms of trade to its advantage.
Hegemony 
 The term is Greek, and was first used about the influence of a great city over the cities which were allied to it.
Hegemony 
 Examples are the  Peloponnesian League of Sparta (6th to 4th centuries BC); the short-lived Delian League of Classical Athens.
Hegemony 
 A hegemonic relationship is usually described as less than an empire, but more than a regional power.
Hegemony 
 This means a hegemon may not actually take control of other nations, but has the power to greatly influence what they do.
James Callaghan 
 Leonard James "Jim" Callaghan, Baron Callaghan of Cardiff,  (; 27 March 1912 – 26 March 2005) was a British Labour politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (UK) from 1976 to 1979.
James Callaghan 
 Born in the 1910s, Callaghan was an old-style socialist, lacking any higher education, and served as Member of Parliament (MP) for a Cardiff constituency.
James Callaghan 
 He is the only person to have held all three leading UK Cabinet positions (Chancellor, Home Secretary and Foreign Secretary), prior to their premiership.
James Callaghan 
 He was never expected to reach the premiership, having taken a back seat to the younger and more charismatic Harold Wilson for many years.
James Callaghan 
 However, when Wilson unexpectedly announced his retirement in 1976, Callaghan was the most experienced candidate to replace him.
James Callaghan 
 His time as prime minister was one of more open government but the electorate was dissatisfied with his relaxed response to high inflation and more industrial unrest, and replaced Labour with a Conservative government under Margaret Thatcher.
James Callaghan 
 Callaghan resigned as Leader of the Labour Party shortly afterwards, but remained an MP for some years before being sent to the House of Lords as Baron Callaghan of Cardiff.
Fulgencio Batista 
 Fulgencio Batista y Zaldívar (January 16, 1901 – August 6, 1973) was the military leader of Cuba from 1933 to 1940.
Fulgencio Batista 
 He was a farm worker from eastern Cuba, and moved to Havana where he became a stenographer and a sergeant in the Army.
Fulgencio Batista 
 His authoritarian government during this time caused opposition despite his attempt to placate critics with a 'show' election in 1954 were he ran without opposition.
Fulgencio Batista 
 Batista fled Cuba on January 1, 1959 and went to the Dominican Republic before moving on to Portugal, and finally to Spain where he died of a heart attack in 1973.
Sock puppet 
 Most sock puppets have some fabric or plastic facial features added to the sock, such as eyes or a mouth.
Sock puppet 
 People often present them on special stages that show sock puppets without showing the puppeteers (the people who use sock puppets) themselves.
Sock puppet 
 Ventriloquist and puppeteer Shari Lewis delighted children with her lovable sock puppets 'Lamb Chop', 'Charlie Horse' and 'Hush Puppy'.
Sock puppet 
 1950s TV sock puppets 'Kukla' and 'Ollie' appeared with a real person, Fran, who appeared in front of the stage in the long-running program Kukla, Fran and Ollie.
Smoke 
 Smoke is a cloud of very small, solid particles that is made when something is burned with a flame, such as wood or paper.
Smoke 
 Smoke can be bad because if it goes into the lungs of a person, it can hurt their lungs or even kill them (for example, in a house fire).
Smoke 
 Most people think that they are always able to see smoke, but people cannot see some types of smoke: they are invisible.
Smoke 
 When people smoke tobacco in cigars or cigarettes, they are burning the tobacco and inhaling the smoke.
Smoke 
 Factories and power plants produce large amounts of smoke into the atmosphere which pollutes the air.
Smoke 
 Eventually the toxic chemicals in smoke fall to the ground, and then they pollute the soil and the water.
Smoke 
 When the air, soil and water are polluted with toxic chemicals, the chemicals also get absorbed by plants and animals (including humans).
Friedrich Kellner 
 August Friedrich Kellner (born February 1, 1885 in Vaihingen an der Enz, Germany, died November 4, 1970 in Lich) was a German social democrat.
Friedrich Kellner 
 “I could not fight the Nazis in the present, as they had the power to still my voice, so I decided to fight them in the future.
Friedrich Kellner 
 August Friedrich Kellner was born on February 1, 1885 in Vaihingen, a town next to the Enz River and not far from Heidelberg.
Friedrich Kellner 
 He was the only child of Georg Friedrich Kellner, a baker from the village of Arnstadt in Thuringia, and Barbara Wilhelmine Vaigle from Bissingen.
Friedrich Kellner 
 Kellner was loyal to the Kaiser’s regime, but still he welcomed the birth of the German democracy after the war.
Friedrich Kellner 
 He became a political organizer  for the leading political party, the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD).
Friedrich Kellner 
 From those first days of the Weimar Republic, he spoke out against the danger of extremists, against Communists and the National Socialists (the Nazis).
Friedrich Kellner 
 Kellner would show his opposition at rallies by holding Adolf Hitler’s book, Mein Kampf, above his head.
Friedrich Kellner 
 So two weeks before Hitler became Chancellor, Kellner took his wife and son into the country for safety.
Friedrich Kellner 
 The Kellners were warned by the Nazi leaders that they would suffer the same fate as their neighbors if they continued their resistance.
Friedrich Kellner 
 Kellner was told he and his wife would be sent to a concentration camp if he continued to be a "bad influence" on the people of Laubach.
Friedrich Kellner 
 A report written by the district Nazi leader, Hermann Engst, shows that authorities were planning to punish Kellner at the end of the war.
Friedrich Kellner 
 Because he could not continue to speak out openly, Kellner wrote down his thoughts in a secret diary.
Friedrich Kellner 
 He wanted his son, and the coming generations, to know that democracy must not give in to dictatorships.
Friedrich Kellner 
 In the diary, he warns everyone to resist tyrants and terrorism, and to not believe in their propaganda.
Friedrich Kellner 
 He warns everyone to resist any ideology that would take away their personal freedoms, and he warns everyone to turn away from any belief that ignores the sanctity of human life.
Friedrich Kellner 
 He watched as naked Jewish men and women were placed in front of a long deep ditch and, upon the order of the SS, were shot by Ukrainians in the back of their heads and they fell into the ditch.
Friedrich Kellner 
 Then the ditch was filled with dirt even as he could hear screams coming from people still alive in the ditch.
Friedrich Kellner 
 These inhuman atrocities were so terrible that some of the Ukrainians, who were used as tools, suffered nervous breakdowns.
Friedrich Kellner 
 All the soldiers who had knowledge of these bestial actions of these Nazi sub-humans were of the opinion that the German people should be shaking in their shoes because of the coming retribution.
Friedrich Kellner 
 But because ninety percent of the German population is guilty, directly or indirectly, for the present situation, we can only say that those who travel together will hang together.”
Friedrich Kellner 
 At war’s end, Kellner helped to establish the SPD in Laubach, and he became the regional party chairman.
Friedrich Kellner 
 Friedrich Kellner was the chief justice inspector and administrator of the courthouse in Laubach until 1947.
Friedrich Kellner 
 In 2007, the Canadian film company, CCI Entertainment of Toronto, made a documentary film about both Friedrich Kellner and his grandson Robert Scott Kellner.
1996 Summer Olympics 
 The 1996 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXVI Olympiad, were held in Atlanta, United States from July 19 to August 4.
1984 Summer Olympics 
 The 1984 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXIII Olympiad, were held in Los Angeles, United States from July 28 to August 12.
1932 Summer Olympics 
 The 1932 Summer Olympics, officially known as Games of the X Olympiad, were held in Los Angeles, United States.
1932 Summer Olympics 
 Despite this snub, the games were thought to be a success because the LA Olympics did not end up in debt.
1992 Summer Olympics 
 The 1992 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXV Olympiad, were celebrated in Barcelona, Spain from 25 July to 9 August.
1988 Summer Olympics 
 The 1988 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXIV Olympiad, were held in Seoul, South Korea from September 17 to October 2.
Charles Aznavour 
 Charles Aznavour (22 May 1924 – 1 October 2018) was an Armenian-French singer, songwriter and actor.
Charles Aznavour 
 He was one of France's most popular and long lasting singers, and also one of the most well-known French singers in other countries.
Charles Aznavour 
 He appeared in more than 60 movies and written more than 1000 songs (including 150 in English, 100 in Italian, 70 in Spanish, and 50 in German).
Charles Aznavour 
 Aznavour was born as Shahnour Vaghinag Aznavouryan in Paris, the son of Armenian immigrants Michael Aznavouryan & Knar Baghdasaryan.
Charles Aznavour 
 His big break came when the singer Edith Piaf heard him sing and arranged to take him with her on tour in France and to the USA.
Charles Aznavour 
 Aznavours voice is shaded towards the tenor range, but possesses the low range and coloration more typical of a baritone, contributing to his unique sound.
Charles Aznavour 
 On 1 October 2018 it was announced that Aznavour had died at his home in the village of Mouriès in the south of France at the age of 94.
Charles Aznavour 
 1989: Charles Aznavour Armenia 1989 Armenfilm ( Gyumri, Leninakan,Nostradamus, General Andranik, Sumgayit, Karabagh)
Pallava dynasty 
 The Pallavas dynasty rose in Tamil Nadu (South India) during the seventh century under Mahendravarman I and his son Mamalla Narasimhavarman I. The Pallavas were not a recognised political power before the second century.
Pallava dynasty 
 After the fall of the Satavahanas, they began to get control over parts of Andhra and the Tamil country.
Pallava dynasty 
 The Pallavas were at their finest during the reigns of Narasimhavarman I and Pallavamalla Nandivarman II.
Pandya dynasty 
 Pandyas were one of the three ancient Tamil kingdoms (Chola and Chera being the other two) who ruled the Tamil country from pre-historic times until end of the 15th century.
Pandya dynasty 
 They ruled initially from Korkai, a sea port on the southern most tip of the Indian peninsula, and in later times moved to Madurai.
Rockabilly 
 Rockabilly is an early type of rock and roll music which developed in the 1950s in the United States.
Rockabilly 
 Many parents of teenagers did not like rockabilly music, because rockabilly music had lyrics which talked about rebelling against rules, sex and drinking alcohol.
Rockabilly 
 Rockabilly singers often use a wide range, with high notes and many shouts like “go man go” and "yeah!"