the-coorporation/the_squad_qg huggingface dataset:
Until 1998, the network carried a variety of American programs in addition to its core Canadian programming, directly competing with private Canadian broadcasters such as CTV and Global. Since then, it has restricted itself to Canadian programs, a handful of British programs, and a few American movies and off-network repeats. Since this change, the CBC has sometimes struggled to maintain ratings comparable to those it achieved before 1995, although it has seen somewhat of a ratings resurgence in recent years. In the 2007-08 season, hit series such as Little Mosque on the Prairie and The Border helped the network achieve its strongest ratings performance in over half a decade.

Questions:
In what year did the network end American programming?
Which recent (2007-2008) shows helped the network regain popularity?
What foreign programming is shown on the CBC after 1998?
Until recently, in most critical writing the post-punk era was "often dismissed as an awkward period in which punk's gleeful ructions petered out into the vacuity of the Eighties". Contemporary scholars have argued to the contrary, asserting that the period produced significant innovations and music on its own. Simon Reynolds described the period as "a fair match for the sixties in terms of the sheer amount of great music created, the spirit of adventure and idealism that infused it, and the way that the music seemed inextricably connected to the political and social turbulence of its era". Nicholas Lezard wrote that the music of the period "was avant-garde, open to any musical possibilities that suggested themselves, united only in the sense that it was very often cerebral, concocted by brainy young men and women interested as much in disturbing the audience, or making them think, as in making a pop song".

Questions:
How did most critical writing treat the post-punk era, until recently?
What do contemporary scholars feel the post-punk period contributed in hindsight?
What did Simon Reynolds describe the era of post-punk as a match for in terms of great music created?
Who wrote that the music of the post-punk era was avant-garde?
What were the post-punk era artists more interested in doing to their audiences than in entertaining them with pop songs?
What era was usually dismissed as merely an awkward phase of music?
What do comtemporary scholars think that post-punk actually did for music?
Who said that the post-punk movement rivaled the Sixties in the shear amount of great music produced?
Which critic said that the post-punk period was open to any possibilities as far as music went?
What did Nicholas Leonard say united post-punk?
Until recently, in the absence of prior agreement on a clear and precise definition, the concept was thought to mean (as a shorthand) 'a division of sovereignty between two levels of government'. New research, however, argues that this cannot be correct, as dividing sovereignty - when this concept is properly understood in its core meaning of the final and absolute source of political authority in a political community - is not possible. The descent of the United States into Civil War in the mid-nineteenth century, over disputes about unallocated competences concerning slavery and ultimately the right of secession, showed this. One or other level of government could be sovereign to decide such matters, but not both simultaneously. Therefore, it is now suggested that federalism is more appropriately conceived as 'a division of the powers flowing from sovereignty between two levels of government'. What differentiates the concept from other multi-level political forms is the characteristic of equality of standing between the two levels of government established. This clarified definition opens the way to identifying two distinct federal forms, where before only one was known, based upon whether sovereignty resides in the whole (in one people) or in the parts (in many peoples): the federal state (or federation) and the federal union of states (or federal union), respectively. Leading examples of the federal state include the United States, Germany, Canada, Switzerland, Australia and India. The leading example of the federal union of states is the European Union.

Questions:
Before new research, what was the definition of federalism? 
After new research, what was the final definition of federalism? 
When was federalism put into place? 
What is the difference between multi-level political forms and federalism? 
What is an example of a federal union?
Until the 1970s most of the larger pubs also featured an off-sales counter or attached shop for the sales of beers, wines and spirits for home consumption. In the 1970s the newly built supermarkets and high street chain stores or off-licences undercut the pub prices to such a degree that within ten years all but a handful of pubs had closed their off-sale counters, which had often been referred to colloquially as the jug and bottle.

Questions:
In what decade did pubs tend to cease selling alcohol for off-premises drinking?
What was the name of the counter where pubs traditionally sold alcohol to drink at home?
What was a colloquial term for the off-sales counter?
Along with high street chain stores and off-licenses, what stores undercut pub alcohol sales in the 1970s?
Until the Church Building Act of 1818, the period saw relatively few churches built in Britain, which was already well-supplied, although in the later years of the period the demand for Non-conformist and Roman Catholic places of worship greatly increased. Anglican churches that were built were designed internally to allow maximum audibility, and visibility, for preaching, so the main nave was generally wider and shorter than in medieval plans, and often there were no side-aisles. Galleries were common in new churches. Especially in country parishes, the external appearance generally retained the familiar signifiers of a Gothic church, with a tower or spire, a large west front with one or more doors, and very large windows along the nave, but all with any ornament drawn from the classical vocabulary. Where funds permitted, a classical temple portico with columns and a pediment might be used at the west front. Decoration inside was very limited, but churches filled up with monuments to the prosperous.

Questions:
What act spurred to building of new churches in Britain?
The later years of the period saw the demand for which places of worship increase?
What were Anglican churches internally designed for?
What were common in new churches?
Churches filled up with monuments to what?
Up to 1990, English, German and Afrikaans were official languages. Long before Namibia's independence from South Africa, SWAPO was of the opinion that the country should become officially monolingual, choosing this approach in contrast to that of its neighbour South Africa (which granted all 11 of its major languages official status), which was seen by them as "a deliberate policy of ethnolinguistic fragmentation." Consequently, SWAPO instituted English as the sole official language of Namibia though only about 3% of the population speaks it as a home language. Its implementation is focused on the civil service, education and the broadcasting system. Some other languages have received semi-official recognition by being allowed as medium of instruction in primary schools. It is expected of private schools to follow the same policy as state schools, and "English language" is a compulsory subject. As in other postcolonial African societies, the push for monolingual instruction and policy has resulted in a high rate of school drop-outs and of individuals whose academic competence in any language is low.

Questions:
German, English, and Afrikaans were the official languages until when in Namibia?
SWAPO thought Namibia should have what type of official language?
What is the primary language of Namibia, as SWAPO instituted?
How many Namibian's speak English?
There was a high rate of what due to monolingual instruction?
Up until the mid-14th century, Europe had experienced steadily increasing urbanisation. Cities were also decimated by the Black Death, but the role of urban areas as centres of learning, commerce and government ensured continued growth. By 1500, Venice, Milan, Naples, Paris and Constantinople each probably had more than 100,000 inhabitants. Twenty-two other cities were larger than 40,000; most of these were in Italy and the Iberian peninsula, but there were also some in France, the Empire, the Low Countries, plus London in England.

Questions:
Which European cities likely had populations greater than 100,000 in 1500?
How many other cities had populations larger than 40,000 by 1500?
What event decimated urban populations in the 14th century?
Which English city had a population greater than 40,000 in 1500?
Uranium is a chemical element with symbol U and atomic number 92. It is a silvery-white metal in the actinide series of the periodic table. A uranium atom has 92 protons and 92 electrons, of which 6 are valence electrons. Uranium is weakly radioactive because all its isotopes are unstable (with half-lives of the six naturally known isotopes, uranium-233 to uranium-238, varying between 69 years and 4.5 billion years). The most common isotopes of uranium are uranium-238 (which has 146 neutrons and accounts for almost 99.3% of the uranium found in nature) and uranium-235 (which has 143 neutrons, accounting for 0.7% of the element found naturally). Uranium has the second highest atomic weight of the primordially occurring elements, lighter only than plutonium. Its density is about 70% higher than that of lead, but slightly lower than that of gold or tungsten. It occurs naturally in low concentrations of a few parts per million in soil, rock and water, and is commercially extracted from uranium-bearing minerals such as uraninite.

Questions:
What is uranium's symbol on the Periodic Table of Elements?
What is the atomic number of uranium?
What color is uranium?
Of what series in the Periodic Table of Elements is uranium a part?
How many valence electrons are contained in an atom of uranium?
Uranium metal reacts with almost all non-metal elements (with an exception of the noble gases) and their compounds, with reactivity increasing with temperature. Hydrochloric and nitric acids dissolve uranium, but non-oxidizing acids other than hydrochloric acid attack the element very slowly. When finely divided, it can react with cold water; in air, uranium metal becomes coated with a dark layer of uranium oxide. Uranium in ores is extracted chemically and converted into uranium dioxide or other chemical forms usable in industry.

Questions:
What non-metal elements does uranium notably not react to?
Along with nitric acids, what acids dissolve uranium?
What coats uranium metal in air?
What is a notable form uranium ore is converted into after extraction?
What reacts with finely divided uranium?
Uranium-235 was the first isotope that was found to be fissile. Other naturally occurring isotopes are fissionable, but not fissile. On bombardment with slow neutrons, its uranium-235 isotope will most of the time divide into two smaller nuclei, releasing nuclear binding energy and more neutrons. If too many of these neutrons are absorbed by other uranium-235 nuclei, a nuclear chain reaction occurs that results in a burst of heat or (in special circumstances) an explosion. In a nuclear reactor, such a chain reaction is slowed and controlled by a neutron poison, absorbing some of the free neutrons. Such neutron absorbent materials are often part of reactor control rods (see nuclear reactor physics for a description of this process of reactor control).

Questions:
What isotope of uranium was the first to be found fissile?
How many nuclei does uranium-235 usually divide into when bombarded with slow neutrons?
When a nuclear chain reaction in uranium-235 doesn't result in a burst of heat, what does it result in?
What is used to slow a chain reaction in a nuclear reactor?
What does a neutron poison absorb?
Valencia was founded as a Roman colony in 138 BC. The city is situated on the banks of the Turia, on the east coast of the Iberian Peninsula, fronting the Gulf of Valencia on the Mediterranean Sea. Its historic centre is one of the largest in Spain, with approximately 169 hectares; this heritage of ancient monuments, views and cultural attractions makes Valencia one of the country's most popular tourist destinations. Major monuments include Valencia Cathedral, the Torres de Serrans, the Torres de Quart, the Llotja de la Seda (declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1996), and the Ciutat de les Arts i les Ciències (City of Arts and Sciences), an entertainment-based cultural and architectural complex designed by Santiago Calatrava and Félix Candela. The Museu de Belles Arts de València houses a large collection of paintings from the 14th to the 18th centuries, including works by Velázquez, El Greco, and Goya, as well as an important series of engravings by Piranesi. The Institut Valencià d'Art Modern (Valencian Institute of Modern Art) houses both permanent collections and temporary exhibitions of contemporary art and photography.

Questions:
When was Valencia's founding?
On what river is Valencia located?
How big is Valencia's historic centre?
What Valencian museum contains pieces by Velazquez and other famous artists?
What Valencian museum has a photography collection?
Various cases for rape, physical abuse and murder were prosecuted in court. Women, although usually having fewer rights by custom, were allowed to level civil and criminal charges against men. While suspects were jailed, convicted criminals were never imprisoned. Instead, punishments were commonly monetary fines, periods of forced hard labor for convicts, and the penalty of death by beheading. Early Han punishments of torturous mutilation were borrowed from Qin law. A series of reforms abolished mutilation punishments with progressively less-severe beatings by the bastinado.

Questions:
What type of torture was acquired from Qin law?
What eventually replaced torturous mutilation as a type of punishment?
What type of extreme punishment was likely to be laid upon those who committed the harshest of crimes?
What could a criminal in this era expect not to happen if he was convicted of a crime?
What did women commonly have less of?
Very few early Byzantine mosaics survived the Iconoclastic destruction of the 8th century. Among the rare examples are the 6th-century Christ in majesty (or Ezekiel's Vision) mosaic in the apse of the Church of Hosios David in Thessaloniki that was hidden behind mortar during those dangerous times. Nine mosaic panels in the Hagios Demetrios Church, which were made between 634 and 730, also escaped destruction. Unusually almost all represent Saint Demetrius of Thessaloniki, often with suppliants before him.

Questions:
How many Byzantine mosaics survived past the 8th century?
The mosaic in the church in Thessaloniki is know as what?
Why was Christ in majesty protected from the iconoclastic destruction?
When were the panels in the Hagios Demetrios Church created?
What is common about the surviving mosaics from the 7th-9th centuries?
Victoria married her first cousin, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, in 1840. Their nine children married into royal and noble families across the continent, tying them together and earning her the sobriquet "the grandmother of Europe". After Albert's death in 1861, Victoria plunged into deep mourning and avoided public appearances. As a result of her seclusion, republicanism temporarily gained strength, but in the latter half of her reign her popularity recovered. Her Golden and Diamond Jubilees were times of public celebration.

Questions:
Who did Victoria marry?
What is her nickname that she was given because her children married into royal families across the continent?
What year did Prince Albert die?
How many children did she have?
In the later half of her reign, what happened to her popularity?
How many children did Queen Victoria and Prince Albert have?
What was the year of Alberts death?
Queen Victorias Golden and Diamond jubilees were a time of public what?
What was the name the first cousing that Victoria married?
What was the nickname given to Queen Victoria because all of her children married into noble families?
What was the name of the first cousin that Queen Victoria was married to?
Whatyear did Victoria marry Prince Albert?
How many children did Victoria and Albert have?
What year did Prince Albert die?
Due to Victorias mourning over Alberts death, what political party gained strength?
When did Queen Victoria get married?
What was the name of Victoria's husband?
What was Queen Victoria's nickname?
When did republicanism gain strength during Queen Victoria's reign?
How many children did Queen Victoria and Prince Albert have?
Who did Victoria marry?
When were Victoria and Prince Albert married?
How many children did Victoria and Prince Albert have?
What was Victoria's unofficial title?
When did Prince Albert die?
Victoria turned 18 on 24 May 1837, and a regency was avoided. On 20 June 1837, William IV died at the age of 71, and Victoria became Queen of the United Kingdom. In her diary she wrote, "I was awoke at 6 o'clock by Mamma, who told me the Archbishop of Canterbury and Lord Conyngham were here and wished to see me. I got out of bed and went into my sitting-room (only in my dressing gown) and alone, and saw them. Lord Conyngham then acquainted me that my poor Uncle, the King, was no more, and had expired at 12 minutes past 2 this morning, and consequently that I am Queen." Official documents prepared on the first day of her reign described her as Alexandrina Victoria, but the first name was withdrawn at her own wish and not used again.

Questions:
On what date did Victoria turn 18?
On what date did William IV die?
How old was William IV when he died?
What is the name given to Victoria on official documents?
What was the exact time that Victorias Uncle, the King, died?
When did Victoria turn 18?
When did Victoria become Queen upon William IV's death? 
What name was Victoria referred to as on only the first day of her reign?
How old was Victoria's Uncle, King Willaim on his death? 
Who informed Victoria of her Uncle's passing and that she was now to become Queen of England? 
What caused Victoria to become the Queen of the United Kingdom?
Who came to tell Victoria that she was to be Queen of the United Kingdom?
What name did the first official documents of Victoria's monarchy have her listed as?
How old was William IV when he died?
Where did she receive the news that she was to be queen?
Victoria was the daughter of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, the fourth son of King George III. Both the Duke of Kent and King George III died in 1820, and Victoria was raised under close supervision by her German-born mother Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. She inherited the throne aged 18, after her father's three elder brothers had all died, leaving no surviving legitimate children. The United Kingdom was already an established constitutional monarchy, in which the sovereign held relatively little direct political power. Privately, Victoria attempted to influence government policy and ministerial appointments; publicly, she became a national icon who was identified with strict standards of personal morality.

Questions:
What year did Victorias Father die?
What year did King George III die?
What nationality was Queen Victorias mother?
How old was Victoria when she inherited the throne?
What was the name of Victoria's father? 
When did the Duke of Kent die? 
What was Victoria's mother's name?
At what age did Victoria inherit the throne, upon the death of her father's three eldest brothers?
Who was Victoria's father?
Who raised Victoria?
When did Victoria inherit the throne of England?
Why did Victoria inherit the throne?
What kind of government did England have at the time?
Victoria's father was Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, the fourth son of the reigning King of the United Kingdom, George III. Until 1817, Edward's niece, Princess Charlotte of Wales, was the only legitimate grandchild of George III. Her death in 1817 precipitated a succession crisis that brought pressure on the Duke of Kent and his unmarried brothers to marry and have children. In 1818 he married Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, a widowed German princess with two children—Carl (1804–1856) and Feodora (1807–1872)—by her first marriage to the Prince of Leiningen. Her brother Leopold was Princess Charlotte's widower. The Duke and Duchess of Kent's only child, Victoria, was born at 4.15 a.m. on 24 May 1819 at Kensington Palace in London.

Questions:
Who was the reigning King of the United Kingdom until 1817?
Who was the only grandchild of George iii until 1817?
What year did Princess Charlotte of Wales die?
Who did the Duke of kent marry in 1818?
Who was Queen Victorias father?
Who was the only legitimate grandchild of George III?
Who did Prince Edward marry in 1818 in the hopes of producing a child?
Who was Princess Victoria widowed from?
What time was Queen Victoria born on May 24, 1819?
Who was Princess Charlotte married to until her death? 
Who are Queen Victoria's mother and father?
When was Queen Victoria born?
What was Queen Victoria's father's official title?
What was Queen Victoria's mother's official title?
Who were Princess Victoria's children from her previous marriage?
Vinson Massif, the highest peak in Antarctica at 4,892 m (16,050 ft), is located in the Ellsworth Mountains. Antarctica contains many other mountains, on both the main continent and the surrounding islands. Mount Erebus on Ross Island is the world's southernmost active volcano. Another well-known volcano is found on Deception Island, which is famous for a giant eruption in 1970. Minor eruptions are frequent and lava flow has been observed in recent years. Other dormant volcanoes may potentially be active. In 2004, a potentially active underwater volcano was found in the Antarctic Peninsula by American and Canadian researchers.

Questions:
What is the highest peak in Antarctica?
How high is the Antarctic mountain Vinson Massif?
In what mountainous area of Antarctica is Vinson Massif?
What is the Earth's most southern volcano?
What type of volcano was located in 2004 by researchers?
Vocalization markers indicating specific vowel sounds were introduced into the Arabic language by the end of the 9th century. The first Quranic manuscripts lacked these marks, therefore several recitations remain acceptable. The variation in readings of the text permitted by the nature of the defective vocalization led to an increase in the number of readings during the 10th century. The 10th-century Muslim scholar from Baghdad, Ibn Mujāhid, is famous for establishing seven acceptable textual readings of the Quran. He studied various readings and their trustworthiness and chose seven 8th-century readers from the cities of Mecca, Medina, Kufa, Basra and Damascus. Ibn Mujahid did not explain why he chose seven readers, rather than six or ten, but this may be related to a prophetic tradition (Muhammad's saying) reporting that the Quran had been revealed in seven "ahruf" (meaning seven letters or modes). Today, the most popular readings are those transmitted by Ḥafṣ (d.796) and Warsh (d. 812) which are according to two of Ibn Mujahid's reciters, Aasim ibn Abi al-Najud (Kufa, d. 745) and Nafi‘ al-Madani (Medina, d. 785), respectively. The influential standard Quran of Cairo (1924) uses an elaborate system of modified vowel-signs and a set of additional symbols for minute details and is based on ʻAsim's recitation, the 8th-century recitation of Kufa. This edition has become the standard for modern printings of the Quran.

Questions:
The absence of which language feature made early Quranic recitation more diverse?
Which Baghdad scholar identified justified seven different Quranic readings?
Which recitation is the original basis of the Quran of Cairo?
Which century produced the seven readings selected by Ibn Mujāhid?
Which city corresponds to Asim's recitation of the Quran?
Walking is a popular recreational activity in London. Areas that provide for walks include Wimbledon Common, Epping Forest, Hampton Court Park, Hampstead Heath, the eight Royal Parks, canals and disused railway tracks. Access to canals and rivers has improved recently, including the creation of the Thames Path, some 28 miles (45 km) of which is within Greater London, and The Wandle Trail; this runs 12 miles (19 km) through South London along the River Wandle, a tributary of the River Thames. Other long distance paths, linking green spaces, have also been created, including the Capital Ring, the Green Chain Walk, London Outer Orbital Path ("Loop"), Jubilee Walkway, Lea Valley Walk, and the Diana, Princess of Wales Memorial Walk.

Questions:
What river is a tributary of the River Thames?
What is the London Outer Orbital Path commonly referred as?
What walking path was created as a tribute to a member of the Royal Family who died prematurely?
Which walking path follows the route of the body of water for which it is named?
What recent improvements has served to enhance the walking experience?
Washington University School of Law offers joint-degree programs with the Olin Business School, the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, the School of Medicine, and the School of Social Work. It also offers an LLM in Intellectual Property and Technology Law, an LLM in Taxation, an LLM in US Law for Foreign Lawyers, a Master of Juridical Studies (MJS), and a Juris Scientiae Doctoris (JSD). The law school offers 3 semesters of courses in the Spring, Summer, and Fall, and requires at least 85 hours of coursework for the JD.

Questions:
With what schools does the Washington University School of Law offer joint-degree programs? 
What LLM degree programs are offered by the Washington University School of Law?
How many semesters of courses are offered by Washington University School of Law?
How many hours of coursework are required to obtain a JD at the Washington University School of Law?
During what seasons are courses offered at the Washington University School of Law?
Washington University has over 300 undergraduate student organizations on campus. Most are funded by the Washington University Student Union, which has a $2 million plus annual budget that is completely student-controlled and is one of the largest student government budgets in the country. Known as SU for short, the Student Union sponsors large-scale campus programs including WILD (a semesterly concert in the quad) and free copies of the New York Times, USA Today, and the St. Louis Post-Dispatch through The Collegiate Readership Program; it also contributes to the Assembly Series, a weekly lecture series produced by the University, and funds the campus television station, WUTV, and the radio station, KWUR. KWUR was named best radio station in St. Louis of 2003 by the Riverfront Times despite the fact that its signal reaches only a few blocks beyond the boundaries of the campus. There are 11 fraternities and 9 sororities, with approximately 35% of the student body being involved in Greek life. The Congress of the South 40 (CS40) is a Residential Life and Events Programming Board, which operates outside of the SU sphere. CS40's funding comes from the Housing Activities Fee of each student living on the South 40.

Questions:
How many student organizations does Washington University have on campus?
How are most student organizations at Washington University funded?
What is the amount of the Washington University Student Union annual budget?
How many fraternities are located at Washington University?
What percentage of students are involved in Greek life at Washington University?
Washington University's North Campus and West Campus principally house administrative functions that are not student focused. North Campus lies in St. Louis City near the Delmar Loop. The University acquired the building and adjacent property in 2004, formerly home to the Angelica Uniform Factory. Several University administrative departments are located at the North Campus location, including offices for Quadrangle Housing, Accounting and Treasury Services, Parking and Transportation Services, Army ROTC, and Network Technology Services. The North Campus location also provides off-site storage space for the Performing Arts Department. Renovations are still ongoing; recent additions to the North Campus space include a small eatery operated by Bon Appétit Management Company, the University's on-campus food provider, completed during spring semester 2007, as well as the Family Learning Center, operated by Bright Horizons and opened in September 2010.

Questions:
Where is Washington University's north campus located?
When was the building and property for the north campus of Washington University acquired? 
What previously occupied the building used at the north campus of Washington University?
For what department does the north campus location of Washington University provide off-site storage? 
Who is Washington University's food provider on campus?
Watch Tower Society publications have claimed that God has used Jehovah's Witnesses (and formerly, the International Bible Students) to declare his will and has provided advance knowledge about Armageddon and the establishment of God's kingdom. Some publications also claimed that God has used Jehovah's Witnesses and the International Bible Students as a modern-day prophet.[note 5] Jehovah's Witnesses' publications have made various predictions about world events they believe were prophesied in the Bible. Failed predictions have led to the alteration or abandonment of some doctrines. Some failed predictions had been presented as "beyond doubt" or "approved by God".

Questions:
Who do Watch Tower Society publications claim God has used?
What does God use Jehovah's Witnesses for?
What has God provided to Jehovah's Witnesses?
What have various Jehovah's Witnesses' publications made predictions about?
What had some of the failed predictions of Jehovah's Witnesses been presented as?
Westminster Abbey, formally titled the Collegiate Church of St Peter at Westminster, is a large, mainly Gothic abbey church in the City of Westminster, London, located just to the west of the Palace of Westminster. It is one of the most notable religious buildings in the United Kingdom and has been the traditional place of coronation and burial site for English and, later, British monarchs. Between 1540 and 1556 the abbey had the status of a cathedral. Since 1560, however, the building is no longer an abbey nor a cathedral, having instead the status of a Church of England "Royal Peculiar"—a church responsible directly to the sovereign. The building itself is the original abbey church.

Questions:
What is the formal name of Westminster Abbey?
Where is Westminster Abbey located?
When was Westminster Abbey a cathedral?
What has been the status of Westminster Abbey since 1560?
When Emperor Haile Selassie unilaterally dissolved the Eritrean parliament and annexed the country in 1962, the Eritrean Liberation Front (ELF) waged an armed struggle for independence. The ensuing Eritrean War for Independence went on for 30 years against successive Ethiopian governments until 1991, when the Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF), a successor of the ELF, defeated the Ethiopian forces in Eritrea and helped a coalition of Ethiopian rebel forces take control of the Ethiopian Capital Addis Ababa.

Questions:
Who dissolved the Eritrean parliament in 1962?
What does the acroynm ELF stand for?
Who waged an armed struggle for independence in 1962 after Eritrea was annexed?
How long did the Eritrean War for Independence last?
What is the acronym for Eritrean People's Liberation Front?
When John's elder brother Richard became king in September 1189, he had already declared his intention of joining the Third Crusade. Richard set about raising the huge sums of money required for this expedition through the sale of lands, titles and appointments, and attempted to ensure that he would not face a revolt while away from his empire. John was made Count of Mortain, was married to the wealthy Isabel of Gloucester, and was given valuable lands in Lancaster and the counties of Cornwall, Derby, Devon, Dorset, Nottingham and Somerset, all with the aim of buying his loyalty to Richard whilst the king was on crusade. Richard retained royal control of key castles in these counties, thereby preventing John from accumulating too much military and political power, and, for the time being, the king named the four-year-old Arthur of Brittany as the heir to the throne. In return, John promised not to visit England for the next three years, thereby in theory giving Richard adequate time to conduct a successful crusade and return from the Levant without fear of John seizing power. Richard left political authority in England – the post of justiciar – jointly in the hands of Bishop Hugh de Puiset and William Mandeville, and made William Longchamp, the Bishop of Ely, his chancellor. Mandeville immediately died, and Longchamp took over as joint justiciar with Puiset, which would prove to be a less than satisfactory partnership. Eleanor, the queen mother, convinced Richard to allow John into England in his absence.

Questions:
When did Richard become king?
Who took over as joint justiciar with Puiset after Mandeville died?
Who convinced Richard to allow John to join into England?
When World War I broke out leading to confrontation between the Ottoman Empire and the Russian Empire in the Caucasus and Persian Campaigns, the new government in Istanbul began to look on the Armenians with distrust and suspicion. This was because the Imperial Russian Army contained a contingent of Armenian volunteers. On 24 April 1915, Armenian intellectuals were arrested by Ottoman authorities and, with the Tehcir Law (29 May 1915), eventually a large proportion of Armenians living in Anatolia perished in what has become known as the Armenian Genocide.

Questions:
What instigated conflict between the Ottoman and Russian Empire?
When did the Tehcir Law come to fruition?
Where did the Armenian Genocide occur?
Which army had a group of Armenian volunteers fighting for them?
When World War II started in 1939, it divided the world into two alliances—the Allies (the United Kingdom and France at first in Europe, China in Asia since 1937, followed in 1941 by the Soviet Union, the United States); and the Axis powers consisting of Germany, Italy and Japan.[nb 1] During World War II, the United States, United Kingdom, and Soviet Union controlled Allied policy and emerged as the "Big Three". The Republic of China and the Big Three were referred as a "trusteeship of the powerful"  and were recognized as the Allied "Big Four" in Declaration by United Nations in 1942. These four countries were referred as the "Four Policemen" of the Allies and considered as the primary victors of World War II. The importance of France was acknowledged by their inclusion, along with the other four, in the group of countries allotted permanent seats in the United Nations Security Council.

Questions:
When did World War II start?
How many groups were involved in conflict of World War II?
Who made up the Axis powers?
Who were the winners of World War II?
The winners of World War II along with France were allotted permanent seats for what organization?
When a USB device is first connected to a USB host, the USB device enumeration process is started. The enumeration starts by sending a reset signal to the USB device. The data rate of the USB device is determined during the reset signaling. After reset, the USB device's information is read by the host and the device is assigned a unique 7-bit address. If the device is supported by the host, the device drivers needed for communicating with the device are loaded and the device is set to a configured state. If the USB host is restarted, the enumeration process is repeated for all connected devices.

Questions:
What is started when a USB is first connected to a host?
What does the enumeration process start by doing?
What id the data rate determined during?
When is the device assigned a unique 7-bit address?
What happens whenever a USB host is restarted?
When a person is non-verbal and cannot self-report pain, observation becomes critical, and specific behaviors can be monitored as pain indicators. Behaviors such as facial grimacing and guarding indicate pain, as well as an increase or decrease in vocalizations, changes in routine behavior patterns and mental status changes. Patients experiencing pain may exhibit withdrawn social behavior and possibly experience a decreased appetite and decreased nutritional intake. A change in condition that deviates from baseline such as moaning with movement or when manipulating a body part, and limited range of motion are also potential pain indicators. In patients who possess language but are incapable of expressing themselves effectively, such as those with dementia, an increase in confusion or display of aggressive behaviors or agitation may signal that discomfort exists, and further assessment is necessary.

Questions:
What become critical when a person is non-verbal? 
What can be monitored as pain indicators?
Facial grimacing and guarding indicate what?
What type of social behavior might patients experiencing pain exhibit?
How can patients with dementia indicate discomfort exists?
When an electromagnetic wave strikes a plane surface such as the ground, part of the wave is transmitted into the ground and part of it is reflected, according to the Fresnel coefficients. If the ground is a very good conductor then almost all of the wave is reflected (180° out of phase), whereas a ground modeled as a (lossy) dielectric can absorb a large amount of the wave's power. The power remaining in the reflected wave, and the phase shift upon reflection, strongly depend on the wave's angle of incidence and polarization. The dielectric constant and conductivity (or simply the complex dielectric constant) is dependent on the soil type and is a function of frequency.

Questions:
what is reflected and transmitted into the ground when a plane surface is struck?
Who proposed this theory?
Is the ground has a great conductor, how much of the wave will be reflected?
What depends on the polarization and waves angle?
When home prices declined in the latter half of 2007 and the secondary mortgage market collapsed, IndyMac was forced to hold $10.7 billion of loans it could not sell in the secondary market. Its reduced liquidity was further exacerbated in late June 2008 when account holders withdrew $1.55 billion or about 7.5% of IndyMac's deposits. This “run” on the thrift followed the public release of a letter from Senator Charles Schumer to the FDIC and OTS. The letter outlined the Senator’s concerns with IndyMac. While the run was a contributing factor in the timing of IndyMac’s demise, the underlying cause of the failure was the unsafe and unsound manner in which the thrift was operated.

Questions:
What was the value of loans IndyMac was forced to hold when the secondary mortgage market collapsed in late 2007?
How much in deposits did account holders withdraw from IndyMac in late June 2008?
What percent of IndyMac's deposits were withdrawn by account holders in late June 2008?
Who is the Senator that released a letter to the FDIC and OTS that prompted a "run" on IndyMac?
What was the underlying cause of the failure on IndyMac?
When the GHMC was created in 2007, the area occupied by the municipality increased from 175 km2 (68 sq mi) to 650 km2 (250 sq mi). Consequently, the population increased by 87%, from 3,637,483 in the 2001 census to 6,809,970 in the 2011 census, 24% of which are migrants from elsewhere in India,:2 making Hyderabad the nation's fourth most populous city. As of 2011[update], the population density is 18,480/km2 (47,900/sq mi). At the same 2011 census, the Hyderabad Urban Agglomeration had a population of 7,749,334, making it the sixth most populous urban agglomeration in the country. The population of the Hyderabad urban agglomeration has since been estimated by electoral officials to be 9.1 million as of early 2013 but is expected to exceed 10 million by the end of the year. There are 3,500,802 male and 3,309,168 female citizens—a sex ratio of 945 females per 1000 males, higher than the national average of 926 per 1000. Among children aged 0–6 years, 373,794 are boys and 352,022 are girls—a ratio of 942 per 1000. Literacy stands at 82.96% (male 85.96%; female 79.79%), higher than the national average of 74.04%. The socio-economic strata consist of 20% upper class, 50% middle class and 30% working class.

Questions:
What was the area of Hyderabad before the GHMC?
What was the population of Hyderabad in the 2011 census?
What was the population density in Hyderabad in 2011?
How many females were in Hyderabad for the 2011 census?
What is the literacy rate of Hyderabad?
When the board has no embedded components it is more correctly called a printed wiring board (PWB) or etched wiring board. However, the term printed wiring board has fallen into disuse. A PCB populated with electronic components is called a printed circuit assembly (PCA), printed circuit board assembly or PCB assembly (PCBA). The IPC preferred term for assembled boards is circuit card assembly (CCA), and for assembled backplanes it is backplane assemblies. The term PCB is used informally both for bare and assembled boards.

Questions:
What's the more appropriate, but mostly unused, name for a printed circuit board when it doesn't have embedded components?
What's the abbreviation for a printed wiring board?
What would we call a printed circuit board with embedded electronics, abbreviated PCA?
What organization likes the term "circuit card assembly" for boards that have already been assembled?
What abbreviation would the IPC use for an assembled circuit board?
When war broke out between France and its rivals, Russian and Austrian forces invaded Switzerland. The Swiss refused to fight alongside the French in the name of the Helvetic Republic. In 1803 Napoleon organised a meeting of the leading Swiss politicians from both sides in Paris. The result was the Act of Mediation which largely restored Swiss autonomy and introduced a Confederation of 19 cantons. Henceforth, much of Swiss politics would concern balancing the cantons' tradition of self-rule with the need for a central government.

Questions:
During the Helvetic Republic, which forces invaded Switzerland when war broke out between France and its rivals?
Who refused to fight alongside the Helvetic Republic when it was invaded by the Russians and Austrians?
What Act was the result of a meeting of Swiss politicians organized by Napolean?
What was the Act of Mediation responsible for restoring?
How many cantons were introduced as a Confederation by the Act of Mediation?
Wherever the Magisterial Reformation, which received support from the ruling authorities, took place, the result was a reformed national Protestant church envisioned to be a part of the whole invisible church, but disagreeing, in certain important points of doctrine and doctrine-linked practice, with what had until then been considered the normative reference point on such matters, namely the Papacy and central authority of the Roman Catholic Church. The Reformed churches thus believed in some form of Catholicity, founded on their doctrines of the five solas and a visible ecclesiastical organization based on the 14th and 15th century Conciliar movement, rejecting the papacy and papal infallibility in favor of ecumenical councils, but rejecting the latest ecumenical council, the Council of Trent. Religious unity therefore became not one of doctrine and identity but one of invisible character, wherein the unity was one of faith in Jesus Christ, not common identity, doctrine, belief, and collaborative action.

Questions:
The Reformed churches based their beliefs about ecclesiastical organization on what movement?
Who supported the Magisterial Reformation?
What are the doctrines of the Reformed churches called?
What ecumenical council did the Reformed churches reject?
What type of character became central to religious unity in Reformed churches?
While LEDs have the advantage over fluorescent lamps that they do not contain mercury, they may contain other hazardous metals such as lead and arsenic. Regarding the toxicity of LEDs when treated as waste, a study published in 2011 stated: "According to federal standards, LEDs are not hazardous except for low-intensity red LEDs, which leached Pb [lead] at levels exceeding regulatory limits (186 mg/L; regulatory limit: 5). However, according to California regulations, excessive levels of copper (up to 3892 mg/kg; limit: 2500), lead (up to 8103 mg/kg; limit: 1000), nickel (up to 4797 mg/kg; limit: 2000), or silver (up to 721 mg/kg; limit: 500) render all except low-intensity yellow LEDs hazardous."

Questions:
What substance does fluorescent lamps contain?
What dangerous metal can LEDs contain?
Which LEDs are considered dangerous by a 2011 study?
According to a California study, what harmful metal is in most LEDs?
What LEDs are considered safer than any other?
While Paris has some of the richest neighbourhoods in France, it also has some of the poorest, mostly on the eastern side of the city. In 2012, 14 percent of households in the city earned less than €977 per month, the official poverty line. Twenty-five percent of residents in the 19th arrondissement lived below the poverty line; 24 percent in the 18th, 22 percent in the 20th and 18 percent in the 10th. In the city's wealthiest neighbourhood, the 7th arrondissement, 7 percent lived below the poverty line; 8 percent in the 6th arrondissement; and 9 percent in the 16th arrondissement.

Questions:
What percentage of households earned less than 977 per month?
WHat percentage of people in the 19th arrondissement lived below the poverty line?
What percentage of people lived below the poverty line in Paris' wealthiest neighborhood?
While highly effective, the requirement for injection limited the use of norepinephrine[clarification needed] and orally active derivatives were sought. A structurally similar compound, ephedrine, was identified by Japanese chemists in the Ma Huang plant and marketed by Eli Lilly as an oral treatment for asthma. Following the work of Henry Dale and George Barger at Burroughs-Wellcome, academic chemist Gordon Alles synthesized amphetamine and tested it in asthma patients in 1929. The drug proved to have only modest anti-asthma effects, but produced sensations of exhilaration and palpitations. Amphetamine was developed by Smith, Kline and French as a nasal decongestant under the trade name Benzedrine Inhaler. Amphetamine was eventually developed for the treatment of narcolepsy, post-encepheletic parkinsonism, and mood elevation in depression and other psychiatric indications. It received approval as a New and Nonofficial Remedy from the American Medical Association for these uses in 1937 and remained in common use for depression until the development of tricyclic antidepressants in the 1960s.

Questions:
Who developed Amphetamine?
What are common side effects of Amphetamine?
When were tricyclic antidepressants developed?
What were some uses for Amphetamine?
Who synthesized Amphetamine for asthma?
Ephedrine was used as an oral medicine for what illness?
In what year was amphetamine first tested on asthma patients?
What was the trade name of amphetamine as a nasal decongestant?
In what year did the American Medical Association approve amphetamine for medical use?
In what decade were tricyclic antidepressants created?
While most of mainland Greece and the Aegean islands was under Ottoman control by the end of the 15th century, Cyprus and Crete remained Venetian territory and did not fall to the Ottomans until 1571 and 1670 respectively. The only part of the Greek-speaking world that escaped long-term Ottoman rule was the Ionian Islands, which remained Venetian until their capture by the First French Republic in 1797, then passed to the United Kingdom in 1809 until their unification with Greece in 1864.[page needed]

Questions:
The Ottomans controlled what islands b y the end of the 15th century?
The Venetians had control of which two islands in the 15th century?
The Ottomans took which islands from the Venetians?
In what year were the Ionian Islands captured by the French?
Who gained control of the Ionian Islands in 1809?