the-coorporation/the_squad_qg huggingface dataset:
In the north, substantial efforts were made against Newcastle-upon-Tyne and Sunderland, which were large ports on the English east coast. On 9 April 1941 Luftflotte 2 dropped 150 tons of high explosives and 50,000 incendiaries from 120 bombers in a five-hour attack. Sewer, rail, docklands, and electric installations were damaged. In Sunderland on 25 April, Luftflotte 2 sent 60 bombers which dropped 80 tons of high explosive and 9,000 incendiaries. Much damage was done. A further attack on the Clyde, this time at Greenock, took place on 6 and 7 May. However, as with the attacks in the south, the Germans failed to prevent maritime movements or cripple industry in the regions.

Questions:
What were two large ports on the English east coast in the North?
How many bombers were used in a five-hour attack?
Sunderland saw how many incendiaries used against it on 25 April?
What was the result of the German attacks?
In the north, the Republic of Novgorod prospered because it controlled trade routes from the River Volga to the Baltic Sea. As Kievan Rus' declined, Novgorod became more independent. A local oligarchy ruled Novgorod; major government decisions were made by a town assembly, which also elected a prince as the city's military leader. In the 12th century, Novgorod acquired its own archbishop Ilya in 1169, a sign of increased importance and political independence, while about 30 years prior to that in 1136 in Novgorod was established a republican form of government - elective monarchy. Since then Novgorod enjoyed a wide degree of autonomy although being closely associated with the Kievan Rus.

Questions:
Why was the Republic of Novgorod doing so well while the Kievan Rus declined?
What happened to Novgorod when Kievan Rus began to decline?
In what year did Novgorod aquire its own archbishop?
In the original city plan, the interstate buses should also stop at the Central Station. Because of the growth of Brasília (and corresponding growth in the bus fleet), today the interstate buses leave from the older interstate station (called Rodoferroviária), located at the western end of the Eixo Monumental. The Central Bus Station also contains a main metro station. A new bus station was opened in July 2010. It is on Saída Sul (South Exit) near Parkshopping Mall and with its metro station, and it's also an inter-state bus station, used only to leave the Federal District.

Questions:
Where did Brasilia's plan want interstate buses to stop?
What is the older interstate bus station called?
Where is the older interstate bus station?
What mall is Brasilia's newest bus station near?
What street is Brasilia's newest bus station on?
In the post-apartheid era, the Constitution of South Africa has declared the country to be a "Non-racial democracy". In an effort to redress past injustices, the ANC government has introduced laws in support of affirmative action policies for Blacks; under these they define "Black" people to include "Africans", "Coloureds" and "Asians". Some affirmative action policies favor "Africans" over "Coloureds" in terms of qualifying for certain benefits. Some South Africans categorized as "African Black" say that "Coloureds" did not suffer as much as they did during apartheid. "Coloured" South Africans are known to discuss their dilemma by saying, "we were not white enough under apartheid, and we are not black enough under the ANC (African National Congress)".[citation needed]

Questions:
What did South Africa's Constitution Declare to be?
What laws did they introduce to support blacks?
Who does the term "black" people include?
Who makes the "Coloured" people feel "Not black enough"?
Who is favored more under the affirmative action policies?
In the same judgement the ECHR reviewed the judgements of several international and municipal courts judgements. It noted that International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia and the International Court of Justice had agreed with the narrow interpretation, that biological-physical destruction was necessary for an act to qualify as genocide. The ECHR also noted that at the time of its judgement, apart from courts in Germany which had taken a broad view, that there had been few cases of genocide under other Convention States municipal laws and that "There are no reported cases in which the courts of these States have defined the type of group destruction the perpetrator must have intended in order to be found guilty of genocide".

Questions:
In its preparations, what was the source of other considerations by the ECHR?
Two bodies of the United Nations agreed with what restricted provision in defining genocide?
Which country's courts were noted by the ECHR for taking a wider stance on provisions of genocide laws?
The ECHR found most states to have largely undefined definitions of group destruction, despite what factor?
A definition of what, by the States, was necessary to preserve and expand genocidal law?
In the vacuum that followed the 1889 death of Emperor Yohannes II, Gen. Oreste Baratieri occupied the highlands along the Eritrean coast and Italy proclaimed the establishment of the new colony of Italian Eritrea, a colony of the Kingdom of Italy. In the Treaty of Wuchale (It. Uccialli) signed the same year, King Menelik of Shewa, a southern Ethiopian kingdom, recognized the Italian occupation of his rivals' lands of Bogos, Hamasien, Akkele Guzay, and Serae in exchange for guarantees of financial assistance and continuing access to European arms and ammunition. His subsequent victory over his rival kings and enthronement as Emperor Menelek II (r. 1889–1913) made the treaty formally binding upon the entire territory.

Questions:
When did Emperor Yohannes II die?
What did Gen. Oreste Baratieri proclaim in the highlands along the Eritrean coast?
What was the new colony of Italia Eritrea a colony of?
When was the Treaty of Wuchale signed?
What years was the Treaty of Wuchale formally binding?
In the view of many associated with the Radical Reformation, the Magisterial Reformation had not gone far enough. Radical Reformer, Andreas von Bodenstein Karlstadt, for example, referred to the Lutheran theologians at Wittenberg as the "new papists". Since the term "magister" also means "teacher", the Magisterial Reformation is also characterized by an emphasis on the authority of a teacher. This is made evident in the prominence of Luther, Calvin, and Zwingli as leaders of the reform movements in their respective areas of ministry. Because of their authority, they were often criticized by Radical Reformers as being too much like the Roman Popes. A more political side of the Radical Reformation can be seen in the thought and practice of Hans Hut, although typically Anabaptism has been associated with pacifism.

Questions:
Which reformation was seen as not being effective enough?
What did Karlstadt call Lutheran theologians?
What is another name for magister?
What were reform movement leaders compared to?
What has been linked with pacifism?
In the wake of religious riots in Egypt, the emperor Decius decreed that all subjects of the Empire must actively seek to benefit the state through witnessed and certified sacrifice to "ancestral gods" or suffer a penalty: only Jews were exempt. Decius' edict appealed to whatever common mos maiores might reunite a politically and socially fractured Empire and its multitude of cults; no ancestral gods were specified by name. The fulfillment of sacrificial obligation by loyal subjects would define them and their gods as Roman. Roman oaths of loyalty were traditionally collective; the Decian oath has been interpreted as a design to root out individual subversives and suppress their cults, but apostasy was sought, rather than capital punishment. A year after its due deadline, the edict expired.

Questions:
Which emperor decreed that all Romans must sacrifice to traditional gods?
What religious group was exempt from sacrifices?
What oath was a requirement of the emperor's decree?
What was the Decian decree meant to root out?
What happened to the decree after a year?
In the wake of the discovery, there was much nationalistic rivalry between the French and the British over who deserved credit for the discovery. Eventually, an international consensus emerged that both Le Verrier and Adams jointly deserved credit. Since 1966, Dennis Rawlins has questioned the credibility of Adams's claim to co-discovery, and the issue was re-evaluated by historians with the return in 1998 of the "Neptune papers" (historical documents) to the Royal Observatory, Greenwich. After reviewing the documents, they suggest that "Adams does not deserve equal credit with Le Verrier for the discovery of Neptune. That credit belongs only to the person who succeeded both in predicting the planet's place and in convincing astronomers to search for it."

Questions:
What two countries argued over credit for the discovery of Neptune? 
Who ultimately deserved credit for the discovery of Neptune? 
Who questioned Adams's claim to co-discovery of Neptune? 
Who did not deserve credit to co-discovery of Neptune? 
Who predicted Neptune's place and convinced astronomer's to search for it?
In the wake of these external defeats, the Guangxu Emperor initiated the Hundred Days' Reform of 1898. Newer, more radical advisers such as Kang Youwei were given positions of influence. The emperor issued a series of edicts and plans were made to reorganize the bureaucracy, restructure the school system, and appoint new officials. Opposition from the bureaucracy was immediate and intense. Although she had been involved in the initial reforms, the empress dowager stepped in to call them off, arrested and executed several reformers, and took over day-to-day control of policy. Yet many of the plans stayed in place, and the goals of reform were implanted.

Questions:
Name an advisor to Guangxu?
What did the emperor do in response to so many defeats by the Europeans?
Who took over the policy of China?
In the year 712, Muhammad bin Qasim, an Umayyad general, sailed from the Persian Gulf into Sindh in Pakistan and conquered both the Sindh and the Punjab regions along the Indus river. The conquest of Sindh and Punjab, in modern-day Pakistan, although costly, were major gains for the Umayyad Caliphate. However, further gains were halted by Hindu kingdoms in India in the battle of Rajasthan. The Arabs tried to invade India but they were defeated by the north Indian king Nagabhata of the Pratihara Dynasty and by the south Indian Emperor Vikramaditya II of the Chalukya dynasty in the early 8th century. After this the Arab chroniclers admit that the Caliph Mahdi "gave up the project of conquering any part of India."

Questions:
When did Muhammad bin Wasim sail to Pakistan?
Along with the Punjab, what did Muhammad bin Wasim conquer?
At what battle did the Hindus of India defeat the Umayyads?
To what dynasty did Vikramaditya II belong?
Who was a notable king in this period from the Pratihara dynasty?
In the years that followed, Eisenhower increased the number of U.S. military advisors in South Vietnam to 900 men. This was due to North Vietnam's support of "uprisings" in the south and concern the nation would fall. In May 1957 Diem, then President of South Vietnam, made a state visit to the United States for ten days. President Eisenhower pledged his continued support, and a parade was held in Diem's honor in New York City. Although Diem was publicly praised, in private Secretary of State John Foster Dulles conceded that Diem had been selected because there were no better alternatives.

Questions:
How many soldiers did Eisenhower ultimately send to Vietnam?
How many days did the President of South Vietnam visit the US for in 1957?
Where was a parade held for the President of South Vietnam?
Who was Secretary of State in 1957?
According to Dulles, why was Diem made president of Vietnam?
In theism, God is the creator and sustainer of the universe, while in deism, God is the creator, but not the sustainer, of the universe. Monotheism is the belief in the existence of one God or in the oneness of God. In pantheism, God is the universe itself. In atheism, God is not believed to exist, while God is deemed unknown or unknowable within the context of agnosticism. God has also been conceived as being incorporeal (immaterial), a personal being, the source of all moral obligation, and the "greatest conceivable existent". Many notable philosophers have developed arguments for and against the existence of God.

Questions:
In what belief is God the creator and sustainer of the universe?
What does deism believe God's role in the universe is?
Which belief is that God is the universe?
Which belief system definitively believes in no Higher Power or Supreme Being?
Which belief system belives in some form of higher powwer, or something, but not organized religion?
What is God in theism?
What is God in deism?
What is monotheism?
What is atheism?
Increasing state control over the oil sector, the RCC began a program of nationalization, starting with the expropriation of British Petroleum's share of the British Petroleum-N.B. Hunt Sahir Field in December 1971. In September 1973, it was announced that all foreign oil producers active in Libya were to be nationalized. For Gaddafi, this was an important step towards socialism. It proved an economic success; while gross domestic product had been $3.8 billion in 1969, it had risen to $13.7 billion in 1974, and $24.5 billion in 1979. In turn, the Libyans' standard of life greatly improved over the first decade of Gaddafi's administration, and by 1979 the average per-capita income was at $8,170, up from $40 in 1951; this was above the average of many industrialized countries like Italy and the U.K.

Questions:
In 1979, how much did the average per capita income change for Libyans?
What decision allowed Gaddafi to move Libya closer to socialism?
How did Libya's gross domestic product increase from 1969 to 1979?
How did the RCC begin their march toward nationalization?
What company's property did Libya nationalize in December of 1971?
In what month and year was a blanket nationalization of foreign oil production proclaimed?
What was Libya's GDP in 1969?
In what year did Libya have a GDP of $24.5 billion?
What was Libya's per-capita income in 1951?
India, while remaining an active member of the Commonwealth, chose as a republic to institute its own set of honours awarded by the President of India who holds a republican position some consider similar to that of the monarch in Britain. These are commonly referred to as the Padma Awards and consist of Padma Vibhushan, Padma Bhushan and Padma Shri in descending order. These do not carry any decoration or insignia that can be worn on the person and may not be used as titles along with individuals' names.

Questions:
Who has set honours awarded by the President of India?
Who holds a republican position some consider to monarch of Britain?
What is referred to as the Padma Awards?
What does the Padma Awards consist of?
What does not carry any decoration or insignia that can be worn on the person?
Indigenous peoples in what is now the contiguous United States, including their descendants, are commonly called "American Indians", or simply "Indians" domestically, or "Native Americans" by the USCB. In Alaska, indigenous peoples belong to 11 cultures with 11 languages. These include the St. Lawrence Island Yupik, Iñupiat, Athabaskan, Yup'ik, Cup'ik, Unangax, Alutiiq, Eyak, Haida, Tsimshian, and Tlingit, who are collectively called Alaska Natives. Indigenous Polynesian peoples, which include Marshallese, Samoan, Tahitian, and Tongan, are politically considered Pacific Islands American but are geographically and culturally distinct from indigenous peoples of the Americas.

Questions:
Where are the indigenous peoples referred to as "American Indians"?
How many cultures and languages do the indigenous peoples of Alaska have?
Eyak and Tlingit are some of the peoples who are collectively called what?
Tahitian and Tongan are two examples of indigenous peoples of what descent?
How are Pacific Islands Americans distinct from the indigenous peoples of the Americas?
Indigenous peoples of Brazil make up 0.4% of Brazil's population, or about 700,000 people, even though millions of Brazilians have some indigenous ancestry. Indigenous peoples are found in the entire territory of Brazil, although the majority of them live in Indian reservations in the North and Center-Western part of the country. On January 18, 2007, FUNAI reported that it had confirmed the presence of 67 different uncontacted tribes in Brazil, up from 40 in 2005. With this addition Brazil has now overtaken the island of New Guinea as the country having the largest number of uncontacted tribes.

Questions:
How much of Brazil's population is comprised of indigenous peoples?
How many Brazillians have some indigenous ancestry?
Where do the majority of the indigenous people of Brazil live?
How many different uncontacted tribes were confirmed in Brazil in 2007?
What country has the largest number of uncontacted tribes?
Individual states and localities offer nonprofits exemptions from other taxes such as sales tax or property tax. Federal tax-exempt status does not guarantee exemption from state and local taxes, and vice versa. These exemptions generally have separate applications and their requirements may differ from the IRS requirements. Furthermore, even a tax exempt organization may be required to file annual financial reports (IRS Form 990) at the state and federal level. A tax exempt organization's 990 forms are required to be made available for public scrutiny. An example of nonprofit organization in the US is Project Vote Smart.

Questions:
What can states or cities offer to NPOs?
What form must an NPO make available to the public?
Are the state requirements to be tax exempt the same as the Federal requirements?
What financial form must be filed with both the state and federal governments each year?
What is one example of an NPO in the United States?
Industrialization is the process of social and economic change whereby a human group is transformed from a pre-industrial society into an industrial one. It is a subdivision of a more general modernization process, where social change and economic development are closely related with technological innovation, particularly with the development of large-scale energy and metallurgy production. It is the extensive organization of an economy for the purpose of manufacturing. Industrialization also introduces a form of philosophical change, where people obtain a different attitude towards their perception of nature.

Questions:
What is industrialization? 
During industrialization a human group is turned into what?
industrialization is a subdivision of what general process?
IndyMac reported that during April 2008, Moody's and Standard & Poor's downgraded the ratings on a significant number of Mortgage-backed security (MBS) bonds including $160 million of those issued by IndyMac and which the bank retained in its MBS portfolio. IndyMac concluded that these downgrades would have negatively impacted the Company's risk-based capital ratio as of June 30, 2008. Had these lowered ratings been in effect at March 31, 2008, IndyMac concluded that the bank's capital ratio would have been 9.27% total risk-based. IndyMac warned that if its regulators found its capital position to have fallen below "well capitalized" (minimum 10% risk-based capital ratio) to "adequately capitalized" (8–10% risk-based capital ratio) the bank might no longer be able to use brokered deposits as a source of funds.

Questions:
When did Moody's and Standard & Poor downgrade a significant number of IndyMac's MBS bonds?
What was the value of IndyMac's MBS bonds retained in its MBS portfolio that were downgraded in April 2008?
What was one of the agencies that downgraded a significant number of IndyMac's MBS bonds in April 2008?
If IndyMac's downgraded MBS bond ratings had been in effect at March 31, 2008, what would the bank's capital ratio have been?
What is a well capitalized ratio?
Infrared radiation is used in industrial, scientific, and medical applications. Night-vision devices using active near-infrared illumination allow people or animals to be observed without the observer being detected. Infrared astronomy uses sensor-equipped telescopes to penetrate dusty regions of space, such as molecular clouds; detect objects such as planets, and to view highly red-shifted objects from the early days of the universe. Infrared thermal-imaging cameras are used to detect heat loss in insulated systems, to observe changing blood flow in the skin, and to detect overheating of electrical apparatus.

Questions:
Along with industrial and medical, in what applications is infrared radiation used?
What technology is used by night-vision devices?
What discipline uses infrared telescopes to see through molecular clouds?
What color shift indicates that space objects date from the early days of the universe?
What devices are used to observe insulated system heat loss?
Initially PCBs were designed manually by creating a photomask on a clear mylar sheet, usually at two or four times the true size. Starting from the schematic diagram the component pin pads were laid out on the mylar and then traces were routed to connect the pads. Rub-on dry transfers of common component footprints increased efficiency. Traces were made with self-adhesive tape. Pre-printed non-reproducing grids on the mylar assisted in layout. To fabricate the board, the finished photomask was photolithographically reproduced onto a photoresist coating on the blank copper-clad boards.

Questions:
What did PCB designers used to employ on a mylar sheet?
In the old PCB design method, what was used to connect component pin pads?
What were traces originally made out of?
Designers would rub on a dry transfer of what to make the process of laying out components simpler?
What kind of metal coated the blank boards used to make PCBs?
Initially, the Turkish Cypriots favoured the continuation of the British rule. However, they were alarmed by the Greek Cypriot calls for enosis as they saw the union of Crete with Greece, which led to the exodus of Cretan Turks, as a precedent to be avoided, and they took a pro-partition stance in response to the militant activity of EOKA. The Turkish Cypriots also viewed themselves as a distinct ethnic group of the island and believed in their having a separate right to self-determination from Greek Cypriots. Meanwhile, in the 1950s, Turkish leader Menderes considered Cyprus an "extension of Anatolia", rejected the partition of Cyprus along ethnic lines and favoured the annexation of the whole island to Turkey. Nationalistic slogans centred on the idea that "Cyprus is Turkish" and the ruling party declared Cyprus to be a part of the Turkish homeland that was vital to its security. Upon realising the fact that the Turkish Cypriot population was only 20% of the islanders made annexation unfeasible, the national policy was changed to favour partition. The slogan "Partition or Death" was frequently used in Turkish Cypriot and Turkish protests starting in the late 1950s and continuing throughout the 1960s. Although after the Zürich and London conferences Turkey seemed to accept the existence of the Cypriot state and to distance itself from its policy of favouring the partition of the island, the goal of the Turkish and Turkish Cypriot leaders remained that of creating an independent Turkish state in the northern part of the island.

Questions:
Initially Turkish Cypriots favoured the continued rule of what Western power?
Who viewed themselves as a distinct ethnic group of the island of Cyprus?
What percentage of the population did Turkish Cypriots make up?
What slogan was frequently used in Turkish Cypriot protests?
Inline hockey was first played in 1995 and has also become more and more popular in the last years. The Women's inline hockey National Team participated in the 2008 FIRS World Championships. Namibia is the home for one of the toughest footraces in the world, the Namibian ultra marathon. The most famous athlete from Namibia is Frankie Fredericks, sprinter (100 and 200 m). He won four Olympic silver medals (1992, 1996) and also has medals from several World Athletics Championships. He is also known for humanitarian activities in Namibia and beyond.

Questions:
What popular sport was first played in Namibia in 1995?
Which team participated in the 2008 FIRS World Championship?
What is the toughest footrace around the world?
Who is the most famous athlete from Namibia?
What sport does the most famous Namibian athlete participate in?
Inns are buildings where travellers can seek lodging and, usually, food and drink. They are typically located in the country or along a highway. In Europe, they possibly first sprang up when the Romans built a system of roads two millennia ago.[citation needed] Some inns in Europe are several centuries old. In addition to providing for the needs of travellers, inns traditionally acted as community gathering places.

Questions:
Aside from lodging, what amenities are often offered at inns?
What road is an inn often located near?
How many thousand years ago did the Romans build their road system?
About how old are the oldest inns in Europe?
What role did inns serve other than housing travelers?
Inquiry in sociocultural anthropology is guided in part by cultural relativism, the attempt to understand other societies in terms of their own cultural symbols and values. Accepting other cultures in their own terms moderates reductionism in cross-cultural comparison. This project is often accommodated in the field of ethnography. Ethnography can refer to both a methodology and the product of ethnographic research, i.e. an ethnographic monograph. As methodology, ethnography is based upon long-term fieldwork within a community or other research site. Participant observation is one of the foundational methods of social and cultural anthropology. Ethnology involves the systematic comparison of different cultures. The process of participant-observation can be especially helpful to understanding a culture from an emic (conceptual, vs. etic, or technical) point of view.

Questions:
What is the attempt to understand other societies on their own terms?
What does accepting other cultures in their own terms moderate?
What can refer to both a methodology and the product of ethnographic research?
What is one of the foundational methods of social anthropology?
What is a needlessly complicated word which means "conceptual"?
Insects play important roles in biological research. For example, because of its small size, short generation time and high fecundity, the common fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is a model organism for studies in the genetics of higher eukaryotes. D. melanogaster has been an essential part of studies into principles like genetic linkage, interactions between genes, chromosomal genetics, development, behavior and evolution. Because genetic systems are well conserved among eukaryotes, understanding basic cellular processes like DNA replication or transcription in fruit flies can help to understand those processes in other eukaryotes, including humans. The genome of D. melanogaster was sequenced in 2000, reflecting the organism's important role in biological research. It was found that 70% of the fly genome is similar to the human genome, supporting the evolution theory.

Questions:
Insects play prominent roles in what?
What is a common insect used for research purposes?
Drosophila has helped develop principles in what kind of linkage?
Genetic systems are conserved among what?
What percent of the fly genome is similar to the human genome
Instead, it is often desired to have an antenna whose impedance does not vary so greatly over a certain bandwidth. It turns out that the amount of reactance seen at the terminals of a resonant antenna when the frequency is shifted, say, by 5%, depends very much on the diameter of the conductor used. A long thin wire used as a half-wave dipole (or quarter wave monopole) will have a reactance significantly greater than the resistive impedance it has at resonance, leading to a poor match and generally unacceptable performance. Making the element using a tube of a diameter perhaps 1/50 of its length, however, results in a reactance at this altered frequency which is not so great, and a much less serious mismatch which will only modestly damage the antenna's net performance. Thus rather thick tubes are typically used for the solid elements of such antennas, including Yagi-Uda arrays.

Questions:
What characteristic would be better if it were steady?
What characteristic of the conductor changes the amount of reactance?
What would be used to create a half wave or quarter wave dipole?
Institutes in Hyderabad include the National Institute of Rural Development, the Indian School of Business, the Institute of Public Enterprise, the Administrative Staff College of India and the Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel National Police Academy. Technical and engineering schools include the International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad (IIITH), Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani – Hyderabad (BITS Hyderabad) and Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad (IIT-H) as well as agricultural engineering institutes such as the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) and the Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University. Hyderabad also has schools of fashion design including Raffles Millennium International, NIFT Hyderabad and Wigan and Leigh College. The National Institute of Design, Hyderabad (NID-H), will offer undergraduate and postgraduate courses from 2015.

Questions:
What type of school is Raffles Millennium International?
What is the school otherwise known as IIT-H?
There is a research institute in Hyderabad known as ICRISAT, what does the acronym represent?
What type of is Wigan and Leigh College?
Integral to the story of the origin of the name "Antarctica" is how it was not named Terra Australis—this name was given to Australia instead, and it was because of a mistake made by people who decided that a significant landmass would not be found farther south than Australia. Explorer Matthew Flinders, in particular, has been credited with popularizing the transfer of the name Terra Australis to Australia. He justified the titling of his book A Voyage to Terra Australis (1814) by writing in the introduction:

Questions:
What did people once believe could not be found further south than Australia?
What explorer gave the name of Terra Australis to Australia?
What was the name of Flinders book about his trip to Australia?
When did Flinders write his book of discovery?
What event caused people to misname Antarctica?
International investment and the wealth generated by wealthy tourists explain the high standard of living on the island. St. Barthélemy is considered a playground of the rich and famous,[citation needed] especially as a winter haven, and is known for its beaches, gourmet dining and high-end designers. Most of the food is imported by airplane or boat from the US or France. Tourism attracts about 200,000 visitors every year. As a result, there is a boom in house building activity catering to the tourists and also to the permanent residents of the island, with prices as high as €61,200,000 for a beachfront villa.

Questions:
What besides investment is responsible for the high standard of living on the island?
St. Barts is considered a playground for whom?
Besides boats how does St. Barts import most of its food?
How many tourists visit St. Barts each year?
What is the highest propoerty value recorded in St. Barts?
International-level sportspeople from Hyderabad include: cricketers Ghulam Ahmed, M. L. Jaisimha, Mohammed Azharuddin, V. V. S. Laxman, Venkatapathy Raju, Shivlal Yadav, Arshad Ayub, Syed Abid Ali and Noel David; football players Syed Abdul Rahim, Syed Nayeemuddin and Shabbir Ali; tennis player Sania Mirza; badminton players S. M. Arif, Pullela Gopichand, Saina Nehwal, P. V. Sindhu, Jwala Gutta and Chetan Anand; hockey players Syed Mohammad Hadi and Mukesh Kumar; rifle shooters Gagan Narang and Asher Noria and bodybuilder Mir Mohtesham Ali Khan.

Questions:
Ghulam Ahmed and Shivlal Yadav are what kind of sportsmen?
What sport does Sania Mirza play?
Gagan Narang does what sporting activity?
Who is a notable bodybuilder from Hyderabad?
Pullela Gopichand and Saina Nehwal are known in Hyderabad for being what?
Internationally, Victoria took a keen interest in the improvement of relations between France and Britain. She made and hosted several visits between the British royal family and the House of Orleans, who were related by marriage through the Coburgs. In 1843 and 1845, she and Albert stayed with King Louis Philippe I at château d'Eu in Normandy; she was the first British or English monarch to visit a French one since the meeting of Henry VIII of England and Francis I of France on the Field of the Cloth of Gold in 1520. When Louis Philippe made a reciprocal trip in 1844, he became the first French king to visit a British sovereign. Louis Philippe was deposed in the revolutions of 1848, and fled to exile in England. At the height of a revolutionary scare in the United Kingdom in April 1848, Victoria and her family left London for the greater safety of Osborne House, a private estate on the Isle of Wight that they had purchased in 1845 and redeveloped. Demonstrations by Chartists and Irish nationalists failed to attract widespread support, and the scare died down without any major disturbances. Victoria's first visit to Ireland in 1849 was a public relations success, but it had no lasting impact or effect on the growth of Irish nationalism.

Questions:
Which two countries was Victoria trying to improve relations between?
How was the House of Orleans and the British Royal family related?
Who did Victoria stay with in Normandy?
What year did Louis Philippe visit England?
What year did Victoria first visit Ireland?
What two countries did Victoria take a large interest in improving relations between?
Queen Victoria set up meetings between The Britian royal family and what house to help improve relations between Britain and France?
What was the name of the King of Normandy that Victoria and Albert stayed with in 1843 and 1845?
Who was the first French King to visit Queen Victoria?
What year was Victorias first visit to Ireland?
Who was the first French king to visit Queen Victoria? 
What happened to Louis Philippe after the revolution in France? 
Where did Victoria and her family retreat to safety during a conflict in 1848? 
What nation was visited for the first time by Victoria in 1849?
What French family did Victoria try to foster relations with? 
What was one of Victoria's major concerns?
When was Louis Phillipe deposed?
Where did Victoria and her family go to for safety during the revolutionary scare of April 1848?
When was Osborne house purchased?
Which groups were demonstrating and trying to bring about a revolution before, ultimately, failing?
Internet Explorer 10 is included as both a desktop program and a touch-optimized app, and includes increased support for HTML5, CSS3, and hardware acceleration. The Internet Explorer app does not support plugins or ActiveX components, but includes a version of Adobe Flash Player that is optimized for touch and low power usage. Initially, Adobe Flash would only work on sites included on a "Compatibility View" whitelist; however, after feedback from users and additional compatibility tests, an update in March 2013 changed this behavior to use a smaller blacklist of sites with known compatibility issues instead, allowing Flash to be used on most sites by default. The desktop version does not contain these limitations.

Questions:
What forms is Internet Exploer 10 available as?
What limitations were put on Adobe flash to begin with?
What improvements were made to Internet Explorer?
Where can Adobe Flash now be used?
Interpreters have sometimes played crucial roles in history. A prime example is La Malinche, also known as Malintzin, Malinalli and Doña Marina, an early-16th-century Nahua woman from the Mexican Gulf Coast. As a child she had been sold or given to Maya slave-traders from Xicalango, and thus had become bilingual. Subsequently given along with other women to the invading Spaniards, she became instrumental in the Spanish conquest of Mexico, acting as interpreter, adviser, intermediary and lover to Hernán Cortés.

Questions:
What roles have interpreters occasionally played in history?
What region did La Malinche hail from?
Where were the slave-traders La Malinche was sold or given to from?
What was La Malinche essential to?
In addition to being an interpreter and adviser, what function did La Malinche serve for Hernán Cortés?
Investitures, which include the conferring of knighthoods by dubbing with a sword, and other awards take place in the palace's Ballroom, built in 1854. At 36.6 m (120 ft) long, 18 m (59 ft) wide and 13.5 m (44 ft) high, it is the largest room in the palace. It has replaced the throne room in importance and use. During investitures, the Queen stands on the throne dais beneath a giant, domed velvet canopy, known as a shamiana or a baldachin, that was used at the Delhi Durbar in 1911. A military band plays in the musicians' gallery as award recipients approach the Queen and receive their honours, watched by their families and friends.

Questions:
Where do Investitures take place?
What year was The Ballroom built?
Which room has The Ballroom replaced in terms of both use and importance?
What does the Queen stand on during Investitures?
Knighthood is given by being dubbed with what object?
What is the largest room in the palace?
The Ballroom replaced which other room in terms of importance and use?
Ion gauges are used in ultrahigh vacuum. They come in two types: hot cathode and cold cathode. In the hot cathode version an electrically heated filament produces an electron beam. The electrons travel through the gauge and ionize gas molecules around them. The resulting ions are collected at a negative electrode. The current depends on the number of ions, which depends on the pressure in the gauge. Hot cathode gauges are accurate from 10−3 torr to 10−10 torr. The principle behind cold cathode version is the same, except that electrons are produced in a discharge created by a high voltage electrical discharge. Cold cathode gauges are accurate from 10−2 torr to 10−9 torr. Ionization gauge calibration is very sensitive to construction geometry, chemical composition of gases being measured, corrosion and surface deposits. Their calibration can be invalidated by activation at atmospheric pressure or low vacuum. The composition of gases at high vacuums will usually be unpredictable, so a mass spectrometer must be used in conjunction with the ionization gauge for accurate measurement.

Questions:
What are the two types of Ion gauges?
What affects the number of ions in a gauge?
What gauge is accurate from 10-2 torr to 10-9 torr?
What must be used for accurate measurement on the composition of gases at a high vacuums?
Why does a mass spectrometer need to be used with gauge to be accurate at high vacuum gas measurement?
Iran (/aɪˈræn/ or i/ɪˈrɑːn/; Persian: Irān – ایران‎‎ [ʔiːˈɾɒːn] ( listen)), also known as Persia (/ˈpɜːrʒə/ or /ˈpɜːrʃə/), officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (جمهوری اسلامی ایران – Jomhuri ye Eslāmi ye Irān [d͡ʒomhuːˌɾije eslɒːˌmije ʔiːˈɾɒːn]), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. It is bordered to the northwest by Armenia, the de facto Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, and Azerbaijan; to the north by Kazakhstan and Russia across the Caspian Sea; to the northeast by Turkmenistan; to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan; to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman; and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. Comprising a land area of 1,648,195 km2 (636,372 sq mi), it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 18th-largest in the world. With 78.4 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 17th-most-populous country. It is the only country that has both a Caspian Sea and an Indian Ocean coastline. Iran has long been of geostrategic importance because of its central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz.

Questions:
Which country borders Iran to Iran's northwest?
What is Iran's land mass in square miles?
How many people live in Iran?
What is the unofficial name for Iran?
What is Iran's official country name?
Iran has an area of 1,648,195 km2 (636,372 sq mi). Iran lies between latitudes 24° and 40° N, and longitudes 44° and 64° E. Its borders are with Azerbaijan (611 km or 380 mi, with Azerbaijan-Naxcivan exclave, 179 km or 111 mi) and Armenia (35 km or 22 mi) to the north-west; the Caspian Sea to the north; Turkmenistan (992 km or 616 mi) to the north-east; Pakistan (909 km or 565 mi) and Afghanistan (936 km or 582 mi) to the east; Turkey (499 km or 310 mi) and Iraq (1,458 km or 906 mi) to the west; and finally the waters of the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman to the south.

Questions:
What is the size of Iran?
What latitudes does Iran lie between?
What longitudes does Iran lie between?
Where does Iran border the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman?
What does Iran border with to its north?
Iran has leading manufacturing industries in the fields of car-manufacture and transportation, construction materials, home appliances, food and agricultural goods, armaments, pharmaceuticals, information technology, power and petrochemicals in the Middle East. According to FAO, Iran has been a top five producer of the following agricultural products in the world in 2012: apricots, cherries, sour cherries, cucumbers and gherkins, dates, eggplants, figs, pistachios, quinces, walnuts, and watermelons.

Questions:
What melon is Iran a Top 5 producer in the world in 2012?
How many agricultural products in 2012 was Iran a top 5 producer in the world? Answer: 12
What type of materials is Iran a leading manufacturer of in the Middle East?
What type of appliances is Iran a leading manufacturer of in the Middle East?
What type of chemicals is Iran a leading manufacturer of in the Middle East?
Iranian scientists outside Iran have also made some major contributions to science. In 1960, Ali Javan co-invented the first gas laser, and fuzzy set theory was introduced by Lotfi Zadeh. Iranian cardiologist, Tofy Mussivand invented and developed the first artificial cardiac pump, the precursor of the artificial heart. Furthering research and treatment of diabetes, HbA1c was discovered by Samuel Rahbar. Iranian physics is especially strong in string theory, with many papers being published in Iran. Iranian-American string theorist Kamran Vafa proposed the Vafa-Witten theorem together with Edward Witten. In August 2014, Maryam Mirzakhani became the first-ever woman, as well as the first-ever Iranian, to receive the Fields Medal, the highest prize in mathematics.

Questions:
Which Iranian scientist co-invented the first gas laser?
When did Ali Javan, an Iranian scientist, co-invent the first gas laser?
Which Iranian cardiologist developed and invented the first artificial cardiac pump?
Which Iranian scientist discovered HbA1c to further treatment and research of diabetes?
In 2014, Maryam Mirzakhani became the first women ever and first Iranian to win what prestigious mathematics award?
Isabelle Stengers wrote that "Whiteheadians are recruited among both philosophers and theologians, and the palette has been enriched by practitioners from the most diverse horizons, from ecology to feminism, practices that unite political struggle and spirituality with the sciences of education." Indeed, in recent decades attention to Whitehead's work has become more widespread, with interest extending to intellectuals in Europe and China, and coming from such diverse fields as ecology, physics, biology, education, economics, and psychology. One of the first theologians to attempt to interact with Whitehead's thought was the future Archbishop of Canterbury, William Temple. In Temple's Gifford Lectures of 1932-1934 (subsequently published as "Nature, Man and God"), Whitehead is one of a number of philosophers of the emergent evolution approach Temple interacts with. However, it was not until the 1970s and 1980s that Whitehead's thought drew much attention outside of a small group of philosophers and theologians, primarily Americans, and even today he is not considered especially influential outside of relatively specialized circles.

Questions:
According to Isabelle Stengers, what are unifying factors in diverse practices (like ecology and feminism) that have become interested in Whitehead's work?
In what areas of the world has interest in Whitehead's work spread in recent decades?
What other fields have shown more recent interest in Whitehead's work?
Who was one of the first theologians to try to interact with Whitehead's ideas?
What was the basis for "Nature, Man and God"?
Islam and Judaism have a complex relationship. Traditionally Jews and Christians living in Muslim lands, known as dhimmis, were allowed to practice their religions and administer their internal affairs, but they were subject to certain conditions. They had to pay the jizya (a per capita tax imposed on free adult non-Muslim males) to the Islamic state. Dhimmis had an inferior status under Islamic rule. They had several social and legal disabilities such as prohibitions against bearing arms or giving testimony in courts in cases involving Muslims. Many of the disabilities were highly symbolic. The one described by Bernard Lewis as "most degrading" was the requirement of distinctive clothing, not found in the Quran or hadith but invented in early medieval Baghdad; its enforcement was highly erratic. On the other hand, Jews rarely faced martyrdom or exile, or forced compulsion to change their religion, and they were mostly free in their choice of residence and profession.

Questions:
What were Jews and Christians living in Muslim lands known as?
What is the per capita tax imposed on free adult non-Muslim males known as?
Which group had an inferior status under Islamic rule?
What was the disability described by Bernard Lewis as "most degrading?"
Islam is the most widely practised religion in Southeast Asia, numbering approximately 240 million adherents which translate to about 40% of the entire population, with majorities in Indonesia, Brunei, Malaysia and in Southern Philippines with Indonesia as the largest and most populated Muslim country around the world. Countries in Southeast Asia practice many different religions. Buddhism is predominant in Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Burma, Vietnam and Singapore. Ancestor worship and Confucianism are also widely practised in Vietnam and Singapore. Christianity is predominant in the Philippines, eastern Indonesia, East Malaysia and East Timor. The Philippines has the largest Roman Catholic population in Asia. East Timor is also predominantly Roman Catholic due to a history of Portuguese rule.

Questions:
Which religion is widely practiced in Southeast Asia?
What percentage of the population in Southeast Asia practice Islam?
Among the Southeast Asian countries, which country has the most populous Muslims among them?
Roman Catholic population is predominant in which Asian country?
East Timor is predominantly catholic due to which European rule's history?
Islamic architecture used mosaic technique to decorate religious buildings and palaces after the Muslim conquests of the eastern provinces of the Byzantine Empire. In Syria and Egypt the Arabs were influenced by the great tradition of Roman and Early Christian mosaic art. During the Umayyad Dynasty mosaic making remained a flourishing art form in Islamic culture and it is continued in the art of zellige and azulejo in various parts of the Arab world, although tile was to become the main Islamic form of wall decoration.

Questions:
Who conquered the Eastern Provinces of the Byzantine empire?
In Syria and Egypt, other than early Christians, who influenced their mosaic work?
What would later become the main Islamic form of wall decoration?
The Umayyad Dynasty made mosaic making do what in the Islamic culture?