the-coorporation/the_squad_qg huggingface dataset:
The team placed fifth in the Premier League automatically qualifies for the UEFA Europa League, and the sixth and seventh-placed teams can also qualify, depending on the winners of the two domestic cup competitions i.e. the FA Cup and the Capital One Cup (League Cup). Two Europa League places are reserved for the winners of each tournament; if the winner of either the FA Cup or League Cup qualifies for the Champions League, then that place will go to the next-best placed finisher in the Premier League. A further place in the UEFA Europa League is also available via the Fair Play initiative. If the Premier League has one of the three highest Fair Play rankings in Europe, the highest ranked team in the Premier League Fair Play standings which has not already qualified for Europe will automatically qualify for the UEFA Europa League first qualifying round.

Questions:
What will a fifth place Premier League team qualify for?
What places are reserved for the FA Cup and the League Cup winners?
Why is it important to have a high Fair Play ranking?
If a team already qualifies for the Champions League and they winner the FA Cup or the League Cup will another team get to qualify for the Champions League?
How many Europa League places are reserved for domestic tournament winners?
To which league is the fifth place Premier League team automatically qualified for?
The team which has the highest ranking in the Fair Play standings is guaranteed qualification for which qualifying round in the Europa League?
The team played its first games in 1876 as a founding member of the National League (NL), eventually becoming known officially as the Chicago Cubs for the 1903 season. Officially, the Cubs are tied for the distinction of being the oldest currently active U.S. professional sports club, along with the Atlanta Braves, which also began play in the NL in 1876 as the Boston Red Stockings (Major League Baseball does not officially recognize the National Association of Professional Base Ball Players as a major league.)

Questions:
When did the Chicago Cubs play their first game?
What year did the Chicago Cubs' name become official? 
What other team besides the Chicago Cubs is tied for being the oldest currently active U.S. professional sports club?
The team worked on a Wii control scheme, adapting camera control and the fighting mechanics to the new interface. A prototype was created that used a swinging gesture to control the sword from a first-person viewpoint, but was unable to show the variety of Link's movements. When the third-person view was restored, Aonuma thought it felt strange to swing the Wii Remote with the right hand to control the sword in Link's left hand, so the entire Wii version map was mirrored.[p] Details about Wii controls began to surface in December 2005 when British publication NGC Magazine claimed that when a GameCube copy of Twilight Princess was played on the Revolution, it would give the player the option of using the Revolution controller. Miyamoto confirmed the Revolution controller-functionality in an interview with Nintendo of Europe and Time reported this soon after. However, support for the Wii controller did not make it into the GameCube release. At E3 2006, Nintendo announced that both versions would be available at the Wii launch, and had a playable version of Twilight Princess for the Wii.[p] Later, the GameCube release was pushed back to a month after the launch of the Wii.

Questions:
What kind of movement interfaced with the sword in Twilight Princess?
Who provided information about the game's controls in December of 2005?
What ended up not being supported in the GameCube version of Twilight Princess?
In what year did Nintendo reveal that the two different releases of Twilight Princess were planned for launch at the same time as the Wii?
How long was the GameCube version of Twilight Princess delayed?
What magazine mentioned players would be able to use the Revolution controller?
When did Nintendo announce both versions of Twilight Princess would be available at the Wii launch?
The team's commitment to contend was complete when Green made a midseason deal on June 15 to shore up the starting rotation due to injuries to Rick Reuschel (5–5) and Sanderson. The deal brought 1979 NL Rookie of the Year pitcher Rick Sutcliffe from the Cleveland Indians. Joe Carter (who was with the Triple-A Iowa Cubs at the time) and center fielder Mel Hall were sent to Cleveland for Sutcliffe and back-up catcher Ron Hassey (.333 with Cubs in 1984). Sutcliffe (5–5 with the Indians) immediately joined Sanderson (8–5 3.14), Eckersley (10–8 3.03), Steve Trout (13–7 3.41) and Dick Ruthven (6–10 5.04) in the starting rotation. Sutcliffe proceeded to go 16–1 for Cubs and capture the Cy Young Award.

Questions:
When did Green make a deal to shore up the starting rotation?
Why did Green make a deal to shore up the starting rotation?
Who was the 1979 NL Rookie of the Year pitcher?
Where had Rick Sutcliffe been before moving to the Cubs?
The technical rules for the Japanese version of men's rhythmic gymnastics came around the 1970s. For individuals, only four types of apparatus are used: the double rings, the stick, the rope, and the clubs. Groups do not use any apparatus. The Japanese version includes tumbling performed on a spring floor. Points are awarded based a 10-point scale that measures the level of difficulty of the tumbling and apparatus handling. On November 27–29, 2003, Japan hosted first edition of the Men's Rhythmic Gymnastics World Championship.

Questions:
When were the technical rules for the Japanses version of men's rhythmic gymnastics formed?
How many apparatuses are used?
What are the types of apparatuses used?
What apparatuses do groups use?
When did Japan hold the first of the Men's Rhythmic Gymnastics World Champtionship?
The television industry developed in New York and is a significant employer in the city's economy. The three major American broadcast networks are all headquartered in New York: ABC, CBS, and NBC. Many cable networks are based in the city as well, including MTV, Fox News, HBO, Showtime, Bravo, Food Network, AMC, and Comedy Central. The City of New York operates a public broadcast service, NYCTV, that has produced several original Emmy Award-winning shows covering music and culture in city neighborhoods and city government.

Questions:
Along with ABC and NBC, what other major broadcaster is based in New York?
What is the name of the city's public television service?
What comedy channel on cable television is headquartered in New York?
What cable news channel is based in New York?
The television station, NDtv, grew from one show in 2002 to a full 24-hour channel with original programming by September 2006. WSND-FM serves the student body and larger South Bend community at 88.9 FM, offering students a chance to become involved in bringing classical music, fine arts and educational programming, and alternative rock to the airwaves. Another radio station, WVFI, began as a partner of WSND-FM. More recently, however, WVFI has been airing independently and is streamed on the Internet.

Questions:
Which television station finds its home at Notre Dame?
How many programs did NDtv feature in 2002?
Which radio station provides radio to the students of Notre Dame at 88.9 FM?
Which internet radio station of Notre Dame is served as an internet stream?
The term "Early Modern" was introduced in the English language in the 1930s. to distinguish the time between what we call Middle Ages and time of the late Enlightenment (1800) (when the meaning of the term Modern Ages was developing its contemporary form). It is important to note that these terms stem from European history. In usage in other parts of the world, such as in Asia, and in Muslim countries, the terms are applied in a very different way, but often in the context with their contact with European culture in the Age of Discovery.

Questions:
What term was created in the 1930's to separate the middle ages form the 1800's?
The 1800"s are referred to as?
What do the terms "Early Modern" and  'Modern Ages" originate from?
What are the terms "Early Modern" and "Modern Ages" used for i other countries?
What does the term "Early Modern" mean?
When was the term "Early Modern" implemented into the English language?
What time period is referred to as The Late Enlightenment?
Where do the terms "Middle Ages" and "Modern Ages" originate from?
What are the terms "Middle Ages" and "Modern Ages" used for in other countries?
The term "Enlightenment" emerged in English in the later part of the 19th century, with particular reference to French philosophy, as the equivalent of the French term 'Lumières' (used first by Dubos in 1733 and already well established by 1751). From Immanuel Kant's 1784 essay "Beantwortung der Frage: Was ist Aufklärung?" ("Answering the Question: What is Enlightenment?") the German term became 'Aufklärung' (aufklären = to illuminate; sich aufklären = to clear up). However, scholars have never agreed on a definition of the Enlightenment, or on its chronological or geographical extent. Terms like "les Lumières" (French), "illuminismo" (Italian), "ilustración" (Spanish) and "Aufklärung" (German) referred to partly overlapping movements. Not until the late nineteenth century did English scholars agree they were talking about "the Enlightenment."

Questions:
In what year was the French term Lumieres first used?
What term became the German equivalent to the French term Lumieres?
In what century did the term Enlightenment emerge in English?
What is the Italian equivalent to the French term Lumieres?
Did the terms, Enlightenment, Lumieres, Aufklarung and illuminismo refer to distinct or overlapping movements?
The term "Gothic architecture" originated as a pejorative description. Giorgio Vasari used the term "barbarous German style" in his Lives of the Artists to describe what is now considered the Gothic style, and in the introduction to the Lives he attributes various architectural features to "the Goths" whom he holds responsible for destroying the ancient buildings after they conquered Rome, and erecting new ones in this style. At the time in which Vasari was writing, Italy had experienced a century of building in the Classical architectural vocabulary revived in the Renaissance and seen as evidence of a new Golden Age of learning and refinement.

Questions:
What type of description did the term "Gothic architecture" originate as?
Who used the term "barbarous German style" to portray what is known today as the Gothic style?
Who does Vasari believe destroyed ancient buildings after they conquered Rome?
How long had Italy undergone building in a Classical architecture style at the time of Vasari?
In what period was the Classical architecture vocabulary revived?
The term "Great Plains", for the region west of about the 96th or 98th meridian and east of the Rocky Mountains, was not generally used before the early 20th century. Nevin Fenneman's 1916 study, Physiographic Subdivision of the United States, brought the term Great Plains into more widespread usage. Before that the region was almost invariably called the High Plains, in contrast to the lower Prairie Plains of the Midwestern states. Today the term "High Plains" is used for a subregion of the Great Plains.

Questions:
what is the name of the region east of the Rocky Mountains?
who brought the term great plains into widespread usage?
what year was Nevin Fenneman's study?
what was theregion called before "the great plans"?
The term "Hispanic" as an ethnonym emerged in the 20th century with the rise of migration of laborers from the Spanish-speaking countries of Latin America to the United States. Today, the word "Latino" is often used as a synonym for "Hispanic". The definitions of both terms are non-race specific, and include people who consider themselves to be of distinct races (Black, White, Amerindian, Asian, and mixed groups). However, there is a common misconception in the US that Hispanic/Latino is a race or sometimes even that national origins such as Mexican, Cuban, Colombian, Salvadoran, etc. are races. In contrast to "Latino" or "Hispanic", "Anglo" refers to non-Hispanic White Americans or non-Hispanic European Americans, most of whom speak the English language but are not necessarily of English descent.

Questions:
When did the term "Hispanic" begin being used?
What is the word "Latino" often used as a synonym for?
How are the terms Hispanic and Latino not specific?
What is common misconception in the US about what some national origins are?
Anglo can refer to non-Hispanic European Americans who speak English but are not necessarily what?
The term "Immersive app" had been used internally by Microsoft developers to refer to the apps prior to the first official presentation of Windows 8, after which they were referred to as "Metro-style apps" in reference to the Metro design language. The term was phased out in August 2012; a Microsoft spokesperson denied rumors that the change was related to a potential trademark issue, and stated that "Metro" was only a codename that would be replaced prior to Windows 8's release. Following these reports, the terms "Modern UI-style apps", "Windows 8-style apps" and "Windows Store apps" began to be used by various Microsoft documents and material to refer to the new apps. In an interview on September 12, 2012, Soma Somasegar (vice president of Microsoft's development software division) confirmed that "Windows Store apps" would be the official term for the apps. An MSDN page explaining the Metro design language uses the term "Modern design" to refer to the language as a whole.

Questions:
What does immersive app stand for?
What are apps after the introduction of Windows 8 called?
Who is Soma Somasegar?
When did Windows Store apps become the real term for the apps?
The term "Islamic education" means education in the light of Islam itself, which is rooted in the teachings of the Quran - holy book of Muslims. Islamic education and Muslim education are not the same. Because Islamic education has epistemological integration which is founded on Tawhid - Oneness or monotheism. For details Read "A Qur’anic Methodology for Integrating Knowledge and Education: Implications for Malaysia’s Islamic Education Strategy" written Tareq M Zayed  and "Knowledge of Shariah and Knowledge to Manage ‘Self’ and ‘System’: Integration of Islamic Epistemology with the Knowledge and Education" authored by Tareq M Zayed

Questions:
What is the meaning of Islamic education?
What book is the basis for education in Islamic traditions?
What types of education greatly differs from Islamic education?
What is Islamic religion traditionally considered as far as theology is concerned?
The term "Kievan Rus'" (Ки́евская Русь Kievskaya Rus’) was coined in the 19th century in Russian historiography to refer to the period when the centre was in Kiev. In English, the term was introduced in the early 20th century, when it was found in the 1913 English translation of Vasily Klyuchevsky's A History of Russia, to distinguish the early polity from successor states, which were also named Rus. Later, the Russian term was rendered into Belarusian and Ukrainian as Кіеўская Русь Kijeŭskaja Rus’ and Ки́ївська Русь Kyivs'ka Rus’, respectively.

Questions:
When was the term Kievan Rus first coined?
When did the term Kievan Rus first appear in English?
Who first translated the term Kievan Rus into english from russian?
The term "Late Middle Ages" refers to one of the three periods of the Middle Ages, along with the Early Middle Ages and the High Middle Ages. Leonardo Bruni was the first historian to use tripartite periodization in his History of the Florentine People (1442). Flavio Biondo used a similar framework in Decades of History from the Deterioration of the Roman Empire (1439–1453). Tripartite periodization became standard after the German historian Christoph Cellarius published Universal History Divided into an Ancient, Medieval, and New Period (1683).

Questions:
Along with the Late Middle Ages, what are the other two period of the Middle Ages?
When was Leonardo Bruni's "History of the Florentine People" published?
What is the name for the division of the periods of history introduced by Bruni?
Who was the author of "Decades of History from the Deterioration of the Roman Empire
What 1683 work resulted in the standard use of tripartite periodization?
The term "Moors" has been used in Europe in a broader, somewhat derogatory sense to refer to Muslims, especially those of Arab or Berber descent, whether living in North Africa or Iberia. Moors were not a distinct or self-defined people. Medieval and early modern Europeans applied the name to Muslim Arabs, Berbers, Black Africans and Europeans alike.

Questions:
What does the term "Moors" refer to?
What descent of Muslims does "Moors" refer to?
In Medieval and early Modern Europe what ethnicity were lumped together?
Where did "Moors" migrate from?
What kind of term is "Moors"?
The term "Near and Middle East," held the stage for a few years before World War I. It proved to be less acceptable to a colonial point of view that saw the entire region as one. In 1916 Captain T.C. Fowle, 40th Pathans (troops of British India), wrote of a trip he had taken from Karachi to Syria just before the war. The book does not contain a single instance of "Near East." Instead, the entire region is considered "the Middle East." The formerly Near Eastern sections of his trip are now "Turkish" and not Ottoman.

Questions:
When did the term "Near and Middle East" hold stage?
What proved to be less acceptable to a colonial point of view?
When did Captain T.C. Fowle write of a trip he had taken from Karachi to Syria?
Who were the 40th Pathans?
In the book Fowle wrote, what is the entire region considered?
The term "Sumerian" is the common name given to the ancient non-Semitic inhabitants of Mesopotamia, Sumer, by the Semitic Akkadians. The Sumerians referred to themselves as ùĝ saĝ gíg-ga (cuneiform: 𒌦 𒊕 𒈪 𒂵), phonetically /uŋ saŋ giga/, literally meaning "the black-headed people", and to their land as ki-en-gi(-r) ('place' + 'lords' + 'noble'), meaning "place of the noble lords". The Akkadian word Shumer may represent the geographical name in dialect, but the phonological development leading to the Akkadian term šumerû is uncertain. Hebrew Shinar, Egyptian Sngr, and Hittite Šanhar(a), all referring to southern Mesopotamia, could be western variants of Shumer.

Questions:
What is the common name given to the non-Semitic dwellers of Mesopotamia by the Akkadians?
What did the Sumerians refer to themselves as in their language?
How did the Sumerians refer to their land?
Shumer, an Akkadian word, could reference what type of name?
What compass point of Mesopotamia did the Hebrew Shinar refer to?
The term "alloy" is sometimes used in everyday speech as a synonym for a particular alloy. For example, automobile wheels made of an aluminium alloy are commonly referred to as simply "alloy wheels", although in point of fact steels and most other metals in practical use are also alloys. Steel is such a common alloy that many items made from it, like wheels, barrels, or girders, are simply referred to by the name of the item, assuming it is made of steel. When made from other materials, they are typically specified as such, (i.e.: "bronze wheel," "plastic barrel," or "wood girder").

Questions:
What is the name of a common alloy?
What is something on a car that sometimes is made of alloy?
Steel and other very practical metals are also named what?
The term "bacteria" was traditionally applied to all microscopic, single-cell prokaryotes. However, molecular systematics showed prokaryotic life to consist of two separate domains, originally called Eubacteria and Archaebacteria, but now called Bacteria and Archaea that evolved independently from an ancient common ancestor. The archaea and eukaryotes are more closely related to each other than either is to the bacteria. These two domains, along with Eukarya, are the basis of the three-domain system, which is currently the most widely used classification system in microbiolology. However, due to the relatively recent introduction of molecular systematics and a rapid increase in the number of genome sequences that are available, bacterial classification remains a changing and expanding field. For example, a few biologists argue that the Archaea and Eukaryotes evolved from Gram-positive bacteria.

Questions:
What would original term "bacteria" determine?
What are two main groups of prokaryotic organisms are divided into?
What groups of organisms are closely related to each other?
What domain system is commonly used nowdays to classify microorganisms?
The term "classical music" did not appear until the early 19th century, in an attempt to distinctly canonize the period from Johann Sebastian Bach to Beethoven as a golden age. The earliest reference to "classical music" recorded by the Oxford English Dictionary is from about 1836.

Questions:
When did the term "classical music" appear? 
What period is referred to as a "golden age"?
What year is the earliest reference to 'classical music'?
What book holds the earliest reference to 'classical music'?
What term did not appear until the early 19th century?
What 'age' is the period from Johann Sebastian Bach to Beethoven referred to as?
What year was the earliest reference to classical music?
In what book was the earliest reference to classical music?
The term "classical music" has two meanings: the broader meaning includes all Western art music from the Medieval era to today, and the specific meaning refers to the music from the 1750s to the early 1830s—the era of Mozart and Haydn. This section is about the more specific meaning.

Questions:
From the 1750's to the early 1830's is the era of Mozart and what other composer?
Classical music can mean all Western art music or more specifically from the 1750's to when?
The broad meaning of classical music stretches back from today to what era?
The term "domestic dog" is generally used for both of the domesticated and feral varieties. The English word dog comes from Middle English dogge, from Old English docga, a "powerful dog breed". The term may possibly derive from Proto-Germanic *dukkōn, represented in Old English finger-docce ("finger-muscle"). The word also shows the familiar petname diminutive -ga also seen in frogga "frog", picga "pig", stagga "stag", wicga "beetle, worm", among others. The term dog may ultimately derive from the earliest layer of Proto-Indo-European vocabulary.

Questions:
What is the Proto-Germanic word that "dog" may have come from?
What may be the earliest vocabulary that the word "dog" came from?
Where does the word dog originate?
Dog could also come from the original layer of what vocabulary?
The term "great power" was first used to represent the most important powers in Europe during the post-Napoleonic era. The "Great Powers" constituted the "Concert of Europe" and claimed the right to joint enforcement of the postwar treaties. The formalization of the division between small powers and great powers came about with the signing of the Treaty of Chaumont in 1814. Since then, the international balance of power has shifted numerous times, most dramatically during World War I and World War II. While some nations are widely considered to be great powers, there is no definitive list of them. In literature, alternative terms for great power are often world power or major power, but these terms can also be interchangeable with superpower.

Questions:
The term "great power" was first used on which continent?
Which treaty made the distinction of small powers and great powers a formal affair?
What year was this treaty signed?
During which two wars has the balance of power shifted the most dramatically?
What is another more modern term used in place of "great power"?
What was the formalization of the division of small powers and great powers?
During the post Napoleonic era where were the first Great Powers concentrated?
What is another term for Great Power?
During what 2 wars was the balance of power shift most dramatic?
The term "high fidelity" was coined in the 1920s by some manufacturers of radio receivers and phonographs to differentiate their better-sounding products claimed as providing "perfect" sound reproduction. The term began to be used by some audio engineers and consumers through the 1930s and 1940s. After 1949 a variety of improvements in recording and playback technologies, especially stereo recordings, which became widely available in 1958, gave a boost to the "hi-fi" classification of products, leading to sales of individual components for the home such as amplifiers, loudspeakers, phonographs, and tape players. High Fidelity and Audio were two magazines that hi-fi consumers and engineers could read for reviews of playback equipment and recordings.

Questions:
What term was coined to differentiate better sounding products in the 1920s?
What magazines provided reviews for audio equipment?
What happened in 1958 that changed the home music scene?
During what years did the term HiFi take off with engineers?
What term would be used when one said they produced perfect sound reproduction?
The term "house music" is said to have originated from a Chicago club called The Warehouse, which existed from 1977 to 1983. Clubbers to The Warehouse were primarily black and gay, who came to dance to music played by the club's resident DJ Frankie Knuckles, whom fans refer to as the "godfather of house". After the Warehouse closed in 1983, the crowds went to Knuckles' new club, The Power Plant. In the Channel 4 documentary Pump Up The Volume, Knuckles remarks that the first time he heard the term "house music" was upon seeing "we play house music" on a sign in the window of a bar on Chicago's South Side. One of the people in the car with him joked, "you know, that's the kind of music you play down at the Warehouse!", and then everybody laughed. South-Side Chicago DJ Leonard "Remix" Roy, in self-published statements, claims he put such a sign in a tavern window because it was where he played music that one might find in one's home; in his case, it referred to his mother's soul & disco records, which he worked into his sets. Farley Jackmaster Funk was quoted as saying "In 1982, I was DJing at a club called The Playground and there was this kid named Leonard 'Remix' Roy who was a DJ at a rival club called The Rink. He came over to my club one night, and into the DJ booth and said to me, 'I've got the gimmick that's gonna take all the people out of your club and into mine – it's called House music.' Now, where he got that name from or what made him think of it I don't know, so the answer lies with him."

Questions:
what club did the term 'house music' originate from?
what city was the club The Warehouse located in?
what years was the club The warehouse open?
what types of people did the club The Warehouse attract?
who was the resident DJ at The Warehouse in Chicago?
The term "modern" was coined in the 16th century to indicate present or recent times (ultimately derived from the Latin adverb modo, meaning "just now). The European Renaissance (about 1420–1630), which marked the transition between the Late Middle Ages and Early Modern times, started in Italy and was spurred in part by the rediscovery of classical art and literature, as well as the new perspectives gained from the Age of Discovery and the invention of the telescope and microscope, expanding the borders of thought and knowledge.

Questions:
What term was coined in the 16th century to indicate present time?
The term "modern" was derived from what Latin adverb?
What caused the transition between the middle ages and early modern times?
In what country did The European Renaissance start?
What two instruments were invented during The European Renaissance?
The phrase modern originated form what?
What did The European renaissance mark?
What phrase was coined in the 16th century to reference recent times?
Through what time period did The European renaissance last?
In what country did The European renaissance begin?
The term "post-punk" was first used by journalists in the late 1970s to describe groups moving beyond punk's sonic template into disparate areas. Many of these artists, initially inspired by punk's DIY ethic and energy, ultimately became disillusioned with the style and movement, feeling that it had fallen into commercial formula, rock convention and self-parody. They repudiated its populist claims to accessibility and raw simplicity, instead seeing an opportunity to break with musical tradition, subvert commonplaces and challenge audiences. Artists moved beyonds punk's focus on the concerns of a largely white, male, working class population and abandoned its continued reliance on established rock and roll tropes, such as three-chord progressions and Chuck Berry-based guitar riffs. These artists instead defined punk as "an imperative to constant change", believing that "radical content demands radical form".

Questions:
Who coined the term post-punk?
What dis the new term, post-punk, cover?
What inspired early post-punk artists?
Why did post-punk fall out of love with punk?
What did the new post-punk artists believe?
Who were the first to use the term "post-punk"?
When was "post-punk" first used to start describing artists?
What were many post-punk artists originally inspired by?
How many chords did standard punk songs typically use?
What did post-punk artists feel there was an imperative to constantly do?
The term "push-pull" was established in 1987 as an approach for integrated pest management (IPM). This strategy uses a mixture of behavior-modifying stimuli to manipulate the distribution and abundance of insects. "Push" means the insects are repelled or deterred away from whatever resource that is being protected. "Pull" means that certain stimuli (semiochemical stimuli, pheromones, food additives, visual stimuli, genetically altered plants, etc.) are used to attract pests to trap crops where they will be killed. There are numerous different components involved in order to implement a Push-Pull Strategy in IPM.

Questions:
What does IPM stand for?
How can the location and amount of insects be changed?
What is one thing that can be used to pull pests?
What is the name of the process by which pests are attracted and repelled using IPM.
The term "retro-metal" has been applied to such bands as Texas based The Sword, California's High on Fire, Sweden's Witchcraft and Australia's Wolfmother. Wolfmother's self-titled 2005 debut album combined elements of the sounds of Deep Purple and Led Zeppelin. Fellow Australians Airbourne's début album Runnin' Wild (2007) followed in the hard riffing tradition of AC/DC. England's The Darkness' Permission to Land (2003), described as an "eerily realistic simulation of '80s metal and '70s glam", topped the UK charts, going quintuple platinum. The follow-up, One Way Ticket to Hell... and Back (2005), reached number 11, before the band broke up in 2006. Los Angeles band Steel Panther managed to gain a following by sending up 80s glam metal. A more serious attempt to revive glam metal was made by bands of the sleaze metal movement in Sweden, including Vains of Jenna, Hardcore Superstar and Crashdïet.

Questions:
When did the band The Darkness break up?
The Sword, High on Fire, Witchcraft and Wolfmother are all examples of what hard rock sub-genre?
What is the title of Airbourne's debut lp?
Glam metal band Steel Panther is from what city?
What are some Swedish sleaze metal revivalist bands?
The term Appalachian refers to several different regions associated with the mountain range. Most broadly, it refers to the entire mountain range with its surrounding hills and the dissected plateau region. The term is often used more restrictively to refer to regions in the central and southern Appalachian Mountains, usually including areas in the states of Kentucky, Tennessee, Virginia, Maryland, West Virginia, and North Carolina, as well as sometimes extending as far south as northern Alabama, Georgia and western South Carolina, and as far north as Pennsylvania, southern Ohio and parts of southern upstate New York.

Questions:
What does the term Appalachian refer to?
What states comprise of the southern Appalachian mountains?
The term Ashkenazi also refers to the nusach Ashkenaz (Hebrew, "liturgical tradition", or rite) used by Ashkenazi Jews in their Siddur (prayer book). A nusach is defined by a liturgical tradition's choice of prayers, order of prayers, text of prayers and melodies used in the singing of prayers. Two other major forms of nusach among Ashkenazic Jews are Nusach Sefard (not to be confused with the Sephardic ritual), which is the general Polish Hasidic nusach, and Nusach Ari, as used by Lubavitch Hasidim.

Questions:
What is the Siddur?
The term Ashkenazi also refers to what?
The nusach Ashkenaz refers to what in Hebrew?
Two other major forms of nusach among Ashkenazic Jews are what?
Nusach Ari is used by whom?
The term British Isles is controversial in Ireland, where there are objections to its usage due to the association of the word British with Ireland. The Government of Ireland does not recognise or use the term and its embassy in London discourages its use. As a result, Britain and Ireland is used as an alternative description, and Atlantic Archipelago has had limited use among a minority in academia, although British Isles is still commonly employed. Within them, they are also sometimes referred to as these islands.

Questions:
Why is the name the British Isles disputed in Ireland?
Does the Government of Ireland use the British Isle term?
What is the alternative name that Government of Ireland uses instead of British Isles?
Does the Government of Ireland's London embassy use the name British Isles?
The term Carnival is traditionally used in areas with a large Catholic presence. However, the Philippines, a predominantly Roman Catholic country, does not celebrate Carnival anymore since the dissolution of the Manila Carnival after 1939, the last carnival in the country. In historically Lutheran countries, the celebration is known as Fastelavn, and in areas with a high concentration of Anglicans and Methodists, pre-Lenten celebrations, along with penitential observances, occur on Shrove Tuesday. In Eastern Orthodox nations, Maslenitsa is celebrated during the last week before Great Lent. In German-speaking Europe and the Netherlands, the Carnival season traditionally opens on 11/11 (often at 11:11 a.m.). This dates back to celebrations before the Advent season or with harvest celebrations of St. Martin's Day.

Questions:
When does Fastelavn occur?
The Philippines stopped celebrating Carnival after what year? 
Maslenitsa is celebrated in what type of nation?
What is the Carnival celebration known as in Lutheran countries?
When does Carnival typically begin in the Netherlands?
The term Carnival is very common in areas with a large presence of which religious sect?
What country no longer celebrates Carnival?
The Manila Carnival was dissolved after what year?
What is the Carnival known as in countries which are mostly Lutheran?
What is the name of the festival celebrated in Eastern Orthodox nations during the last week before Great Lent?
The term Cubism did not come into general usage until 1911, mainly with reference to Metzinger, Gleizes, Delaunay, and Léger. In 1911, the poet and critic Guillaume Apollinaire accepted the term on behalf of a group of artists invited to exhibit at the Brussels Indépendants. The following year, in preparation for the Salon de la Section d'Or, Metzinger and Gleizes wrote and published Du "Cubisme" in an effort to dispel the confusion raging around the word, and as a major defence of Cubism (which had caused a public scandal following the 1911 Salon des Indépendants and the 1912 Salon d'Automne in Paris). Clarifying their aims as artists, this work was the first theoretical treatise on Cubism and it still remains the clearest and most intelligible. The result, not solely a collaboration between its two authors, reflected discussions by the circle of artists who met in Puteaux and Courbevoie. It mirrored the attitudes of the "artists of Passy", which included Picabia and the Duchamp brothers, to whom sections of it were read prior to publication. The concept developed in Du "Cubisme" of observing a subject from different points in space and time simultaneously, i.e., the act of moving around an object to seize it from several successive angles fused into a single image (multiple viewpoints, mobile perspective, simultaneity or multiplicity), is a generally recognized device used by the Cubists.

Questions:
What year did the term Cubism become used more?
Which poet critic in 1911 with a group of poets accepted the term Cubism? 
The artists of Passy included which two people?
The term Hokkien (福建; hɔk˥˥kɪɛn˨˩) is itself a term not used in Chinese to refer to the dialect, as it simply means Fujian province. In Chinese linguistics, these dialects are known by their classification under the Quanzhang Division (Chinese: 泉漳片; pinyin: Quánzhāng piàn) of Min Nan, which comes from the first characters of the two main Hokkien urban centers Quanzhou and Zhangzhou. The variety is also known by other terms such as the more general Min Nan (traditional Chinese: 閩南語, 閩南話; simplified Chinese: 闽南语, 闽南话; pinyin: Mǐnnányǔ, Mǐnnánhuà; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Bân-lâm-gí,Bân-lâm-oē) or Southern Min, and Fulaohua (traditional Chinese: 福佬話; simplified Chinese: 福佬话; pinyin: Fúlǎohuà; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hō-ló-oē). The term Hokkien (Chinese: 福建話; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hok-kiàn oē;Tâi-lô:Hok-kiàn-uē), on the other hand, is used commonly in South East Asia to refer to Min-nan dialects.

Questions:
What at the main Hokkioen urban centers?
What dialects does Hokkien refer to?
Where is the term Hokkien mainly used?
What does Hokkien mean?
What division of dialects does Hokkien belong to?
In South East Asia, what term is commonly used to refer to Min-nan dialects?
Where are quanzhou and Zhangzhou located?
The term Iran derives directly from Middle Persian Ērān, first attested in a 3rd-century inscription at Rustam Relief, with the accompanying Parthian inscription using the term Aryān, in reference to Iranians. The Middle Iranian ērān and aryān are oblique plural forms of gentilic ēr- (Middle Persian) and ary- (Parthian), both deriving from Proto-Iranian *arya- (meaning "Aryan," i.e., "of the Iranians"), argued to descend from Proto-Indo-European *ar-yo-, meaning "skillful assembler." In Iranian languages, the gentilic is attested as a self-identifier included in ancient inscriptions and the literature of Avesta,[a] and remains also in other Iranian ethnic names such as Alans (Ossetic: Ир – Ir) and Iron (Ossetic: Ирон – Iron).

Questions:
What century did terms referencing Iran begin to be recorded?
What inscription referenced the term Aryan to Iranians?
What Proto-Indo-European term means "skillful assembler?"
What is attested as a self-identifier in Iranian languages?
What other term in the 3rd Century besides Aryan also refer to Iran?
The term Iranian is applied to any language which descends from the ancestral Proto-Iranian language. Iranian derives from the Persian and Sanskrit origin word Arya.

Questions:
Iranian languages are all said to be derived from which predecessor?
From what languages does the word Aryao come?
The term Muslim world, also known as Islamic world and the Ummah (Arabic: أمة‎, meaning "nation" or "community") has different meanings. In a religious sense, the Islamic Ummah refers to those who adhere to the teachings of Islam, referred to as Muslims. In a cultural sense, the Muslim Ummah refers to Islamic civilization, exclusive of non-Muslims living in that civilization. In a modern geopolitical sense, the term "Islamic Nation" usually refers collectively to Muslim-majority countries, states, districts, or towns.

Questions:
Islamic World is another way to refer to what?
When speaking of religion, what does Ummah refer to?
When speaking about culture, what does Ummah refer to?
Community, or Nation are direct translations of what word in reference to Islam?
The term Nederduits, however introduced new confusion, since the non standardised dialects spoken in the north of Germany came to be known as Niederdeutsch as well, and thus the Duits reference in the name was dropped, leading to Nederlands as designation to refer to the Dutch language. The repeated use of Neder (or "low") to refer to the Dutch language is a reference to the Netherlands' downriver location at the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta near the North Sea, harking back to Latin nomenclature, e.g. Germania Inferior. See also: Netherlands (toponymy).

Questions:
What was the new word for Dutch that still caused some confusion with the language spoken in Germany?
What does the word "Neder" translate to in English?
The Netherlands are "low" because of their placement near what delta by the North Sea?
What language started the trend of referring to the Netherlands as "Germania Inferior"?
"Nederduits" often caused people to mix up the language of the Netherlands with that spoken in what directional area of Germany?
The term air defence was probably first used by Britain when Air Defence of Great Britain (ADGB) was created as a Royal Air Force command in 1925. However, arrangements in the UK were also called 'anti-aircraft', abbreviated as AA, a term that remained in general use into the 1950s. After the First World War it was sometimes prefixed by 'Light' or 'Heavy' (LAA or HAA) to classify a type of gun or unit. Nicknames for anti-aircraft guns include AA, AAA or triple-A, an abbreviation of anti-aircraft artillery; "ack-ack" (from the spelling alphabet used by the British for voice transmission of "AA"); and archie (a World War I British term probably coined by Amyas Borton and believed to derive via the Royal Flying Corps from the music-hall comedian George Robey's line "Archibald, certainly not!").

Questions:
Which country probably coined the term air defence?
What does ADGB stand for?
What year was the ADGB created?
Who is probably the one who coined the term archie for anti-aircraft guns?
What George Robey line is believed to have started the archie nickname?
The term alloy is used to describe a mixture of atoms in which the primary constituent is a metal. The primary metal is called the base, the matrix, or the solvent. The secondary constituents are often called solutes. If there is a mixture of only two types of atoms, not counting impurities, such as a copper-nickel alloy, then it is called a binary alloy. If there are three types of atoms forming the mixture, such as iron, nickel and chromium, then it is called a ternary alloy. An alloy with four constituents is a quaternary alloy, while a five-part alloy is termed a quinary alloy. Because the percentage of each constituent can be varied, with any mixture the entire range of possible variations is called a system. In this respect, all of the various forms of an alloy containing only two constituents, like iron and carbon, is called a binary system, while all of the alloy combinations possible with a ternary alloy, such as alloys of iron, carbon and chromium, is called a ternary system.

Questions:
The matrix and the solvent are other names for what?
What is another name for solutes?
What is the name of an alloy that has  four constituents?
A five-part alloy is known as?
The term also has closely related synonyms that are employed throughout the Quran. Each synonym possesses its own distinct meaning, but its use may converge with that of qurʼān in certain contexts. Such terms include kitāb (book); āyah (sign); and sūrah (scripture). The latter two terms also denote units of revelation. In the large majority of contexts, usually with a definite article (al-), the word is referred to as the "revelation" (waḥy), that which has been "sent down" (tanzīl) at intervals. Other related words are: dhikr (remembrance), used to refer to the Quran in the sense of a reminder and warning, and ḥikmah (wisdom), sometimes referring to the revelation or part of it.

Questions:
Which term used in the Quran to indicate itself means "book"?
Which term does the Quran use to refer to itself as "scripture"?
What meaning does the Quran take when it calls itself hikmah?
What name does the Quran use for itself that means "revelation"?
The term aspiration sometimes refers to the sound change of debuccalization, in which a consonant is lenited (weakened) to become a glottal stop or fricative [ʔ h ɦ].

Questions:
Aspiration may refer to a sound change of what?
Debuccalization is when consonants are weakened to become what?
What is another term for a consonant being weakened?
The term biological diversity was used first by wildlife scientist and conservationist Raymond F. Dasmann in the year 1968 lay book A Different Kind of Country advocating conservation. The term was widely adopted only after more than a decade, when in the 1980s it came into common usage in science and environmental policy. Thomas Lovejoy, in the foreword to the book Conservation Biology, introduced the term to the scientific community. Until then the term "natural diversity" was common, introduced by The Science Division of The Nature Conservancy in an important 1975 study, "The Preservation of Natural Diversity." By the early 1980s TNC's Science program and its head, Robert E. Jenkins, Lovejoy and other leading conservation scientists at the time in America advocated the use of the term "biological diversity".

Questions:
Which scientist first used the term biological diversity?
What book first contained the term biological diversity?
What decade did the term biological diversity become common usage in science and economics?
Who introduced the term biological diversity to the scientific community?
What term was common before biological diversity?
The term can be found used in an October 1845 Massachusetts Circuit Court ruling in the patent case Davoll et al. v. Brown., in which Justice Charles L. Woodbury wrote that "only in this way can we protect intellectual property, the labors of the mind, productions and interests are as much a man's own...as the wheat he cultivates, or the flocks he rears." The statement that "discoveries are...property" goes back earlier. Section 1 of the French law of 1791 stated, "All new discoveries are the property of the author; to assure the inventor the property and temporary enjoyment of his discovery, there shall be delivered to him a patent for five, ten or fifteen years." In Europe, French author A. Nion mentioned propriété intellectuelle in his Droits civils des auteurs, artistes et inventeurs, published in 1846.

Questions:
When was the patent case Davoll et al. v. Brown ruled on?
Which court ruled on the patent case Davoll et al. v. Brown?
Who wrote that "only in this way can we protect intellectual property"?
What year did the "discoveries are property" concept appear in French law?
When did French author A. Nion mention intellectual property?
The term cardinal at one time applied to any priest permanently assigned or incardinated to a church, or specifically to the senior priest of an important church, based on the Latin cardo (hinge), meaning "principal" or "chief". The term was applied in this sense as early as the ninth century to the priests of the tituli (parishes) of the diocese of Rome. The Church of England retains an instance of this origin of the title, which is held by the two senior members of the College of Minor Canons of St Paul's Cathedral.

Questions:
At one time, Priest permanently were assigned to a church were referred to as?
How early was this term used?
The Church of England uses what term that is held by two senior members of the College of Minor Canons of St. Pauls Catherdral?
What Latin word does "cardinal" come from?
Which church still holds on to the original meaning of "cardinal" from the above Latin word?