the-coorporation/the_squad_qg huggingface dataset:
In February 1853, the British government of Lord Aberdeen, the prime minister, re-appointed Stratford Canning as British ambassador to the Ottoman Empire.:110 Having resigned the ambassadorship in January, he had been replaced by Colonel Rose as chargé d'affaires. Lord Stratford then turned around and sailed back to Constantinople, arriving there on 5 April 1853. There he convinced the Sultan to reject the Russian treaty proposal, as compromising the independence of the Turks. The Leader of the Opposition in the British House of Commons, Benjamin Disraeli, blamed Aberdeen and Stratford's actions for making war inevitable, thus starting the process which would eventually force the Aberdeen government to resign in January 1855, over the war.

Questions:
Who was the Prime Minister of the British Government in 1853?
Who did Aberdeen appoint the position of British ambassador to the Ottoman Empire to?
Who replaced Stratford Canning after he first resigned as British ambassador to the Ottoman Empire ?
After resigning where did Stratford Canning sail off to?
Who did Stratford Canning convince to turn down the treaty proposal?
In February 1861, secessionists in Tennessee's state government—led by Governor Isham Harris—sought voter approval for a convention to sever ties with the United States, but Tennessee voters rejected the referendum by a 54–46% margin. The strongest opposition to secession came from East Tennessee (which later tried to form a separate Union-aligned state). Following the Confederate attack upon Fort Sumter in April and Lincoln's call for troops from Tennessee and other states in response, Governor Isham Harris began military mobilization, submitted an ordinance of secession to the General Assembly, and made direct overtures to the Confederate government. The Tennessee legislature ratified an agreement to enter a military league with the Confederate States on May 7, 1861. On June 8, 1861, with people in Middle Tennessee having significantly changed their position, voters approved a second referendum calling for secession, becoming the last state to do so.

Questions:
Which Tennessee governor championed secession in February of 1861?
Which area of Tennessee was most resistant to secession?
What percentage of voters voted against secession in Tennessee's February 1861 referendum?
On which date did Tennessee enter a military alliance with the Confederacy?
Which region of Tennessee swung in favor of secession in the June 1861 referendum?
In February 1907, the Royal Dutch Shell Group was created through the amalgamation of two rival companies: the Royal Dutch Petroleum Company of the Netherlands and the "Shell" Transport and Trading Company Ltd of the United Kingdom. It was a move largely driven by the need to compete globally with Standard Oil. The Royal Dutch Petroleum Company was a Dutch company founded in 1890 to develop an oilfield in Sumatra, and initially led by August Kessler, Hugo Loudon, and Henri Deterding. The "Shell" Transport and Trading Company (the quotation marks were part of the legal name) was a British company, founded in 1897 by Marcus Samuel, 1st Viscount Bearsted, and his brother Samuel Samuel. Their father had owned an antique company in Houndsditch, London, which expanded in 1833 to import and sell sea-shells, after which the company "Shell" took its name.

Questions:
When was Royal Shell Group Created?
When was the Royal Dutch Petroleum Company founded?
When WAS the "Shell" Transport and Trading Company founded?
The Royal Dutch Shell Group was created through the merger of which two rival companies?
What was the main reason for the creation of the Royal Dutch Shell Group?
In what year was the Royal Dutch Shell Group created?
In what year was the Royal Dutch Petroleum Company founded?
Why was the Royal Dutch Petroleum Company created?
In February 1918, he was appointed Officer in Charge of Boys at the Royal Naval Air Service's training establishment at Cranwell. With the establishment of the Royal Air Force two months later and the transfer of Cranwell from Navy to Air Force control, he transferred from the Royal Navy to the Royal Air Force. He was appointed Officer Commanding Number 4 Squadron of the Boys' Wing at Cranwell until August 1918, before reporting to the RAF's Cadet School at St Leonards-on-Sea where he completed a fortnight's training and took command of a squadron on the Cadet Wing. He was the first member of the royal family to be certified as a fully qualified pilot. During the closing weeks of the war, he served on the staff of the RAF's Independent Air Force at its headquarters in Nancy, France. Following the disbanding of the Independent Air Force in November 1918, he remained on the Continent for two months as a staff officer with the Royal Air Force until posted back to Britain. He accompanied the Belgian monarch King Albert on his triumphal reentry into Brussels on 22 November. Prince Albert qualified as an RAF pilot on 31 July 1919 and gained a promotion to squadron leader on the following day.

Questions:
What position was Albert appointed at Cranwell?
Which number squadron was Albert appointed commanding officer in 1918?
What year did Albert become a RAF pilot?
Who was the king of Belgium  in 1918?
In February 1925, the Cardinal Secretary of State Pietro Gasparri summoned him to the Vatican and informed him of Pope Pius XI's decision to appoint him as the Apostolic Visitor to Bulgaria (1925–35). On 3 March, Pius XI also named him for consecration as titular archbishop of Areopolis, Jordan. Roncalli was initially reluctant about a mission to Bulgaria, but he would soon relent. His nomination as apostolic visitor was made official on 19 March. Roncalli was consecrated by Giovanni Tacci Porcelli in the church of San Carlo alla Corso in Rome. After he was consecrated, he introduced his family to Pope Pius XI. He chose as his episcopal motto Obedientia et Pax ("Obedience and Peace"), which became his guiding motto. While he was in Bulgaria, an earthquake struck in a town not too far from where he was. Unaffected, he wrote to his sisters Ancilla and Maria and told them both that he was fine.

Questions:
When did Pietro Gasparri summon him to the Vatican?
Who was the Cardinal Secretary of State in 1925?
When was he the Apostolic Visitor to Bulgaria?
When was his nomination as apostolic visitor made official?
Who was he consecrated by?
In February 1939, he received news from his sisters that his mother was dying. On 10 February 1939, Pope Pius XI died. Roncalli was unable to see his mother for the end as the death of a pontiff meant that he would have to stay at his post until the election of a new pontiff. Unfortunately, she died on 20 February 1939, during the nine days of mourning for the late Pius XI. He was sent a letter by Cardinal Eugenio Pacelli, and Roncalli later recalled that it was probably the last letter Pacelli sent until his election as Pope Pius XII on 2 March 1939. Roncalli expressed happiness that Pacelli was elected, and, on radio, listened to the coronation of the new pontiff.

Questions:
When did he hear that his mother was dying?
When did Pope Pius XI die?
When did his mother die?
Who sent him the letter informing him of his mother's death?
When was Pope Pius XII elected?
In February 1974, the British Prime Minister, Edward Heath, advised the Queen to call a general election in the middle of her tour of the Austronesian Pacific Rim, requiring her to fly back to Britain. The election resulted in a hung parliament; Heath's Conservatives were not the largest party, but could stay in office if they formed a coalition with the Liberals. Heath only resigned when discussions on forming a coalition foundered, after which the Queen asked the Leader of the Opposition, Labour's Harold Wilson, to form a government.

Questions:
When did Edward Heath ask Elizabeth to call a general election?
Where was Elizabeth when Heath advised that sh call for an election?
What did Elizabeth do after Heath adviser her?
What did Heath do after his party could not form a coalition with the Labor party?
Who did Elizabeth ask to form a government?
In February 1975, Margaret Thatcher was elected leader of the British Conservative Party. The Institute of Economic Affairs arranged a meeting between Hayek and Thatcher in London soon after. During Thatcher's only visit to the Conservative Research Department in the summer of 1975, a speaker had prepared a paper on why the "middle way" was the pragmatic path the Conservative Party should take, avoiding the extremes of left and right. Before he had finished, Thatcher "reached into her briefcase and took out a book. It was Hayek's The Constitution of Liberty. Interrupting our pragmatist, she held the book up for all of us to see. 'This', she said sternly, 'is what we believe', and banged Hayek down on the table".

Questions:
What political party was Margaret Thatcher the head of in 1975?
Who did Thatcher meet with shortly after she was elected as the head of her party?
What path was suggested as the right one for Margaret Thatcher's party by a speaker?
Which of Hayek's works did Thatcher produce at the Conservative Research Department?
In February 1981, Queen travelled to South America as part of The Game Tour, and became the first major rock band to play in Latin American stadiums. The tour included five shows in Argentina, one of which drew the largest single concert crowd in Argentine history with an audience of 300,000 in Buenos Aires and two concerts at the Morumbi Stadium in São Paulo, Brazil, where they played to an audience of more than 131,000 people in the first night (then the largest paying audience for a single band anywhere in the world) and more than 120,000 people the following night. In October of the same year, Queen performed for more than 150,000 fans on 9 October at Monterrey (Estadio Universitario) and 17 and 18 at Puebla (Estadio Zaragoza), Mexico. On 24 and 25 November, Queen played two sell out nights at the Montreal Forum, Quebec, Canada. One of Mercury's most notable performances of The Game's final track, "Save Me", took place in Montreal, and the concert is recorded in the live album, Queen Rock Montreal.

Questions:
What band was the first major band to play in Latin American stadiums?
The Game Tour of the band Queen included how many shows in Argentina?
How large was Queen's record audience in Argentina?
What was the final track on Queen's The Game?
What sold out venue did Queen play in Canada?
In February 20, 1988, after a week of growing demonstrations in Stepanakert, capital of the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast (the Armenian majority area within Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic), the Regional Soviet voted to secede and join with the Soviet Socialist Republic of Armenia. This local vote in a small, remote part of the Soviet Union made headlines around the world; it was an unprecedented defiance of republic and national authorities. On February 22, 1988, in what became known as the "Askeran clash", two Azerbaijanis were killed by Karabakh police. These deaths, announced on state radio, led to the Sumgait Pogrom. Between February 26 and March 1, the city of Sumgait (Azerbaijan) saw violent anti-Armenian rioting during which 32 people were killed. The authorities totally lost control and occupied the city with paratroopers and tanks; nearly all of the 14,000 Armenian residents of Sumgait fled.

Questions:
How many Azerbaijanis died in the Askeran clash?
When was the Askeran clash?
Who killed the two Azerbaijanis?
What was triggered by the radio broadcast of the deaths?
How many were killed in the ensuing riots?
In February 2007, Texas MP3 Technologies sued Apple, Samsung Electronics and Sandisk in eastern Texas federal court, claiming infringement of a portable MP3 player patent that Texas MP3 said it had been assigned. Apple, Samsung, and Sandisk all settled the claims against them in January 2009.

Questions:
Who sued Apple, Samsung Electronics and Sandisk in 2007?
Which court did the lawsuit take place in?
What action did the three companies being sued take?
What year did the lawsuits end?
What was the claim that the lawsuit was based on?
In February 2007, the U.S. Mint, under the Presidential $1 Coin Act of 2005, introduced a new $1 U.S. Presidential dollar coin. Based on the success of the "50 State Quarters" series, the new coin features a sequence of presidents in order of their inaugurations, starting with George Washington, on the obverse side. The reverse side features the Statue of Liberty. To allow for larger, more detailed portraits, the traditional inscriptions of "E Pluribus Unum", "In God We Trust", the year of minting or issuance, and the mint mark will be inscribed on the edge of the coin instead of the face. This feature, similar to the edge inscriptions seen on the British £1 coin, is not usually associated with U.S. coin designs. The inscription "Liberty" has been eliminated, with the Statue of Liberty serving as a sufficient replacement. In addition, due to the nature of U.S. coins, this will be the first time there will be circulating U.S. coins of different denominations with the same president featured on the obverse (heads) side (Lincoln/penny, Jefferson/nickel, Franklin D. Roosevelt/dime, Washington/quarter, Kennedy/half dollar, and Eisenhower/dollar). Another unusual fact about the new $1 coin is Grover Cleveland will have two coins with his portrait issued due to the fact he was the only U.S. President to be elected to two non-consecutive terms.

Questions:
In which year was the new $1 US Presidential coin introduced?
What does the reverse side of the new coins feature?
What is the official version of "In God We Trust" printed on the coins? 
Which inscription was eliminated due to the Statue of Liberty being added to the coin?
Which President will have two coins with his portrait on it?
In February 2007, the fourth and last satellite of the BeiDou-1 system, BeiDou-1D (sometimes called BeiDou-2A, serving as a backup satellite), was sent up into space. It was reported that the satellite had suffered from a control system malfunction but was then fully restored.

Questions:
When was the fourth satellite for the BeiDou-1 system launched?
What is the name of the fourth BeiDou-1 satellite?
What is the BeiDou-1D satellite sometimes called?
What is the purpose of the BeiDou-1D satellite?
What happened to the BeiDou-1D satellite that needed to be repaired?
In February 2010 Shell and Cosan formed a 50:50 joint-venture, Raízen, comprising all of Cosan's Brazilian ethanol, energy generation, fuel distribution and sugar activities, and all of Shell's Brazilian retail fuel and aviation distribution businesses. In March 2010, Shell announced the sale of some of its assets, including its liquid petroleum gas (LPG) business, to meet the cost of a planned $28bn capital spending programme. Shell invited buyers to submit indicative bids, due by 22 March, with a plan to raise $2–3bn from the sale. In June 2010, Royal Dutch Shell agreed to acquire all the business of East Resources for a cash consideration of $4.7 billion. The transaction included East Resources' tight gas fields.

Questions:
In what year did Shell and Cosan form a 50:50 joint venture?
What was the name of the 50:50 joint venture formed by Shell and Cosan?
Why did Shell sell some of its assets in March 2010?
How much did Shell plan to raise from the sale of its assets?
Royal Dutch Shell agreed to acquire all the business of what entity in June 2010?
In February 2012, Capello resigned from his role as England manager, following a disagreement with the FA over their request to remove John Terry from team captaincy after accusations of racial abuse concerning the player. Following this, there was media speculation that Harry Redknapp would take the job. However, on 1 May 2012, Roy Hodgson was announced as the new manager, just six weeks before UEFA Euro 2012. England managed to finish top of their group, winning two and drawing one of their fixtures, but exited the Championships in the quarter-finals via a penalty shoot-out, this time to Italy.

Questions:
In what year did Capello resign as England's football manager?
Capello resigned as England's football manager after a dispute over removing which player from team captaincy?
Who became the new manager of England's football team in May of 2012?
In which round of UEFA Euro 2012 was England eliminated?
A defeat by which team ultimately eliminated England from UEFA Euro 2012?
In February 2014, Bloomberg reported that Microsoft would be lowering the price of Windows 8 licenses by 70% for devices that retail under US$250; alongside the announcement that an update to the operating system would allow OEMs to produce devices with as little as 1 GB of RAM and 16 GB of storage, critics felt that these changes would help Windows compete against Linux-based devices in the low-end market, particularly those running Chrome OS. Microsoft had similarly cut the price of Windows XP licenses to compete against the early waves of Linux-based netbooks. Reports also indicated that Microsoft was planning to offer cheaper Windows 8 licenses to OEMs in exchange for setting Internet Explorer's default search engine to Bing. Some media outlets falsely reported that the SKU associated with this plan, "Windows 8.1 with Bing", was a variant which would be a free or low-cost version of Windows 8 for consumers using older versions of Windows. On April 2, 2014, Microsoft ultimately announced that it would be removing license fees entirely for devices with screens smaller than 9 inches, and officially confirmed the rumored "Windows 8.1 with Bing" OEM SKU on May 23, 2014.

Questions:
When did Microsoft make the existence of Windows 8.1 with Bing OEM SKU official?
When did Microsoft remove license fees on device screens less than 9 inches?
When did Windows 8 decrease the price of Windows 8 for devices that cost less than $250?
What was the benefit of Windows 8.1 with Bing?
In February 2015, YouTube announced the launch of a new app specifically for use by children visiting the site, called YouTube Kids. It allows parental controls and restrictions on who can upload content, and is available for both Android and iOS devices. Later on August 26, 2015, YouTube Gaming was launched, a platform for video gaming enthusiasts intended to compete with Twitch.tv. 2015 also saw the announcement of a premium YouTube service titled YouTube Red, which provides users with both ad-free content as well as the ability to download videos among other features.

Questions:
What did youtube announce in Feb of 2015?
what was the name of the new app youtube launched?
What platform was launched in Aug of 2015?
What is the name of the youtube feature that removes ads and allows downloading movies?
On what OS was the YouTube Kids app available?
In February 2016, West again became embroiled in controversy when he posted a tweet seemingly asserting Bill Cosby's innocence in the wake of over 50 women making allegations of sexual assault directed at Cosby.

Questions:
What celebrity knee-deep in controversy did Kanye endorse in a 2016 tweet?
What actor was Kanye defending on Twitter in February 2016?
In February 2016, it was confirmed by BBC Worldwide that Keeping Up Appearances is the corporation's most exported television programme, being sold nearly 1000 times to overseas broadcasters.

Questions:
As of early 2016, what BBC show has been sold outside of the country the most times?
How many sales of Keeping Up Appearances have been made to non-British buyers?
Who announced the status of Keeping Up Appearances as the most exported BBC show?
In February 2016, over a hundred thousand people signed a petition in just twenty-four hours, calling for a boycott of Sony Music and all other Sony-affiliated businesses after rape allegations against music producer Dr. Luke were made by musical artist Kesha. Kesha asked a New York City Supreme Court to free her from her contract with Sony Music but the court denied the request, prompting widespread public and media response.

Questions:
How many people signed a petition to boycott Sony Music in 2016?
In France during the Middle Ages, there were two Great Officers of the Crown of France with police responsibilities: The Marshal of France and the Constable of France. The military policing responsibilities of the Marshal of France were delegated to the Marshal's provost, whose force was known as the Marshalcy because its authority ultimately derived from the Marshal. The marshalcy dates back to the Hundred Years' 'War, and some historians trace it back to the early 12th century. Another organisation, the Constabulary (French: Connétablie), was under the command of the Constable of France. The constabulary was regularised as a military body in 1337. Under King Francis I (who reigned 1515–1547), the Maréchaussée was merged with the Constabulary. The resulting force was also known as the Maréchaussée, or, formally, the Constabulary and Marshalcy of France.

Questions:
Which two entities in Medieval France had police duties?
How were the Marshal and Constable of France formally classified?
What was the Marshal's force called?
What was the Constable's force called, in English?
What was the Constable's force called, in French?
Which two entities in Medieval France had police duties?
How were the Marshal and Constable of France formally classified?
What was the Marshal's force called?
What was the Constable's force called, in English?
What was the Constable's force called, in French?
In France the Cathars grew to represent a popular mass movement and the belief was spreading to other areas. The Cathar Crusade was initiated by the Roman Catholic Church to eliminate the Cathar heresy in Languedoc. Heresy was a major justification for the Inquisition (Inquisitio Haereticae Pravitatis, Inquiry on Heretical Perversity) and for the European wars of religion associated with the Protestant Reformation.

Questions:
In what country did the Cathars grow to represent a popular movement?
What was started by the Roman Catholic Church to dispense of the Cathars in Languedoc?
What was a major reason and justification for the Europian wars of religion?
In France, offshoots of Cubism developed, including Orphism, Abstract art and later Purism. In other countries Futurism, Suprematism, Dada, Constructivism and De Stijl developed in response to Cubism. Early Futurist paintings hold in common with Cubism the fusing of the past and the present, the representation of different views of the subject pictured at the same time, also called multiple perspective, simultaneity or multiplicity, while Constructivism was influenced by Picasso's technique of constructing sculpture from separate elements. Other common threads between these disparate movements include the faceting or simplification of geometric forms, and the association of mechanization and modern life.

Questions:
What were the three offshoots of Cubism formed in France?
What were the other offshoots formed in countries other than France?
Which offshoot had little in common with Cubism?
Which offshoot of cubism was influenced by Picasso?
In France, simultaneously, the towering figure of the Gothic Revival was Eugène Viollet-le-Duc, who outdid historical Gothic constructions to create a Gothic as it ought to have been, notably at the fortified city of Carcassonne in the south of France and in some richly fortified keeps for industrial magnates. Viollet-le-Duc compiled and coordinated an Encyclopédie médiévale that was a rich repertory his contemporaries mined for architectural details. He effected vigorous restoration of crumbling detail of French cathedrals, including the Abbey of Saint-Denis and famously at Notre Dame de Paris, where many of whose most "Gothic" gargoyles are Viollet-le-Duc's. He taught a generation of reform-Gothic designers and showed how to apply Gothic style to modern structural materials, especially cast iron.

Questions:
Who was the main figure of the Gothic Revival in France?
What famous French cathedral was restored and reconstructed by Viollet-le-Duc?
What modern building material did Viollet-le-Duc teach reform Gothic designers to work with?
In what fortified city in Southern France did Viollet-le-Duc recreate historical Gothic constructions?
What other famous French cathedral did Viollet-le-Duc work on?
In France, the established men of letters (gens de lettres) had fused with the elites (les grands) of French society by the mid-18th century. This led to the creation of an oppositional literary sphere, Grub Street, the domain of a "multitude of versifiers and would-be authors". These men came to London to become authors, only to discover that the literary market simply could not support large numbers of writers, who, in any case, were very poorly remunerated by the publishing-bookselling guilds.

Questions:
By what century in France had the men of letters fused with the elites?
What was the term for the oppositional literary sphere of a "multitude of versifiers and would-be-authors"?
Could the London market support the large numbers of writers that were emerging?
Were men travelling to London to become authors paid well or poorly by the publishing-bookselling guilds?
In Georgia Russian has no official status, but it's recognised as a minority language under the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities. According to estimates from Demoskop Weekly, in 2004 there were 130,000 native speakers of Russian in the country, and 1.7 million active speakers. 27% of the population was fluent in Russian in 2006, and 1% used it as the main language with family, friends or at work. Russian is the language of 9% of the population according to the World Factook. Ethnologue cites Russian as the country's de facto working language.

Questions:
How many Georgians speak Russian actively?
What convention recognizes Russian in Georgia?
How many Georgians speak Russian natively?
What percent of Georgia is fluent in Russian?
What percent of Georgia use Russian as their main language?
In Germany, groups such as Einstürzende Neubauten developed a unique style of industrial music, utilizing avant-garde noise, homemade instruments and found objects. Members of that group would later go on to collaborate with members of the Birthday Party. In Brazil, the post-punk scene grew after the generation of Brasilia rock with bands such as Legião Urbana, Capital Inicial and Plebe Rude and then the opening of the music club Madame Satã in São Paulo, with acts like Cabine C, Titãs, Patife Band, Fellini and Mercenárias, as documented on compilations like The Sexual Life of the Savages and the Não Wave/Não São Paulo series, released in the UK, Germany and Brazil, respectively.[citation needed]

Questions:
Where did some groups develop a unique style of industrial music?
What type of music included noise, homemade instruments, and randomly found objects?
What country had a post-punk scene after a generation of rock?
What type of album was The Sexual Life of the Savages?
What countries other than Brazil was Brazil's no wave music exported to?
What type of music was associated with Einstürzende Neubauten?
Where was Einstürzende Neubauten from?
How did Einstürzende Neubauten come up with their new industrial sound?
Who did members of Einstürzende Neubauten also collaborate with?
Where was Madame Satã?
In Germany, practical reference works intended for the uneducated majority became popular in the 18th century. The Marperger Curieuses Natur-, Kunst-, Berg-, Gewerkund Handlungs-Lexicon (1712) explained terms that usefully described the trades and scientific and commercial education. Jablonksi Allgemeines Lexicon (1721) was better known than the Handlungs-Lexicon, and underscored technical subjects rather than scientific theory. For example, over five columns of text were dedicated to wine, while geometry and logic were allocated only twenty-two and seventeen lines, respectively. The first edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica (1771) was modelled along the same lines as the German lexicons.

Questions:
Which work published in 1712 explained terms that usefully described the trades and scientific and commercial education?
In the Jablonski Allgemeines Lexicon (1721) how many colums of text were dedicated to wine?
Was the Jablonski Allgemeines Lexicon (1721) more dedicated to technical subjects or scientific theory?
In what year was the first edition of the Encyclopaedia Britannica published?
The Encyclopaedia Britannica was modelled along the same lines as a work from which country?
In Greece Carnival is also known as the Apokriés (Greek: Αποκριές, "saying goodbye to meat"), or the season of the "Opening of the Triodion", so named after the liturgical book used by the church from then until Holy Week. One of the season's high points is Tsiknopempti, when celebrants enjoy roast beef dinners; the ritual is repeated the following Sunday. The following week, the last before Lent, is called Tyrinē (Greek: Τυρινή, "cheese [week]") because meat is forbidden, although dairy products are not. Lent begins on "Clean Monday", the day after "Cheese Sunday". Throughout the Carnival season, people disguise themselves as maskarádes ("masqueraders") and engage in pranks and revelry.

Questions:
What is the Greece Carnival also called?
What does the Opening of the Triodion derive from?
What is one of the festival season's high points?
What types of dinners do people enjoy during the season's high point?
What do people engage in after they've disguised themselves?
In Greece, copper was known by the name chalkos (χαλκός). It was an important resource for the Romans, Greeks and other ancient peoples. In Roman times, it was known as aes Cyprium, aes being the generic Latin term for copper alloys and Cyprium from Cyprus, where much copper was mined. The phrase was simplified to cuprum, hence the English copper. Aphrodite and Venus represented copper in mythology and alchemy, because of its lustrous beauty, its ancient use in producing mirrors, and its association with Cyprus, which was sacred to the goddess. The seven heavenly bodies known to the ancients were associated with the seven metals known in antiquity, and Venus was assigned to copper.

Questions:
What was copper called in Greece?
In what area was copper first mined?
What is the Greek goddess that symbolizes copper?
What is the Roman goddess that symbolizes copper?
What property does copper have that links it to Aphrodite and Venus?
In Greece, there are 2 "Polytechnics" part of the public higher education in Greece and they confer a 5-year Diplom Uni (300E.C.T.S – I.S.C.E.D. 5A), the National Technical University of Athens and the Technical University of Crete. Also, there are Greek Higher Technological Educational Institutes (Ανώτατα Τεχνολογικά Εκπαιδευτικά Ιδρύματα – Α.T.E.I). After the N.1404/1983 Higher Education Reform Act (Ν.1404/1983 - 2916/2001 - Ν. 3549/2007 - N. 3685/2008 - N. 4009/2011) the Technological Educational Institute constitute, a parallel and equivalent with universities part of the public higher education in Greece. They confer 4-year bachelor's degree (Diplom FH) (240E.C.T.S – I.S.C.E.D. 5A).

Questions:
What's the name of the Act that changed how Greek public institutes of technology were designated?
In Greek mythology, Cerberus is a three-headed watchdog who guards the gates of Hades. In Norse mythology, a bloody, four-eyed dog called Garmr guards Helheim. In Persian mythology, two four-eyed dogs guard the Chinvat Bridge. In Philippine mythology, Kimat who is the pet of Tadaklan, god of thunder, is responsible for lightning. In Welsh mythology, Annwn is guarded by Cŵn Annwn.

Questions:
What is the name of the dog with three heads in Greek mythology?
What did Cerberus guard?
What is the name of the dog with four eyes in Norse mythology?
What is the name of the dog in Philippine mythology who is responsible for lightning?
Kimat is the dog of Tadaklan, who is the god of what?
In what mythology do two canines watch over the Chinvat Bridge?
Who is the three headed watchdog guarding Hades?
Who is the dog that guards Helheim?
Who is Tadaklan?
Who is Tadaklan's pet that is responsible for lightning?
In Han government, the emperor was the supreme judge and lawgiver, the commander-in-chief of the armed forces and sole designator of official nominees appointed to the top posts in central and local administrations; those who earned a 600-dan salary-rank or higher. Theoretically, there were no limits to his power. However, state organs with competing interests and institutions such as the court conference (tingyi 廷議)—where ministers were convened to reach majority consensus on an issue—pressured the emperor to accept the advice of his ministers on policy decisions. If the emperor rejected a court conference decision, he risked alienating his high ministers. Nevertheless, emperors sometimes did reject the majority opinion reached at court conferences.

Questions:
Who was responsible for nominations of local administrators in the government?
Was the emperor able to reject an opinion that was made by the court conference?
What did the emperor risk if he did not accept the decisions of the court conference?
Who often placed pressure on the emperor in regards to local policies?
Who was considered to be the supreme judge in Han government?
In Hellenistic Egypt, the mathematician Euclid laid down the foundations of mathematical rigor and introduced the concepts of definition, axiom, theorem and proof still in use today in his Elements, considered the most influential textbook ever written. Archimedes, considered one of the greatest mathematicians of all time, is credited with using the method of exhaustion to calculate the area under the arc of a parabola with the summation of an infinite series, and gave a remarkably accurate approximation of Pi. He is also known in physics for laying the foundations of hydrostatics, statics, and the explanation of the principle of the lever.

Questions:
Who wrote the book Elements?
What was contained within the book Elements?
Who was able to determine the the area under a parabola?
What method did Archimedes employ to determine the area under a parabola?
Which mathematical figure did Archimedes approximate?
In Hellenistic times, especially during the 3rd century BCE, as Apollo Helios he became identified among Greeks with Helios, Titan god of the sun, and his sister Artemis similarly equated with Selene, Titan goddess of the moon. In Latin texts, on the other hand, Joseph Fontenrose declared himself unable to find any conflation of Apollo with Sol among the Augustan poets of the 1st century, not even in the conjurations of Aeneas and Latinus in Aeneid XII (161–215). Apollo and Helios/Sol remained separate beings in literary and mythological texts until the 3rd century CE.

Questions:
Who was the Titan goddess of the moon?
In Hellenestic times, Greeks identified Apollo Helios as what name?
What was the name of Apollo's sister?
In Hindu mythology, Yama, the god of death owns two watch dogs who have four eyes. They are said to watch over the gates of Naraka. Hunter god Muthappan from North Malabar region of Kerala has a hunting dog as his mount. Dogs are found in and out of the Muthappan Temple and offerings at the shrine take the form of bronze dog figurines.

Questions:
In Hindu mythology, what do the two dogs who are owned by the god of death watch over?
What is the name of the god of death?
Offerings at the Muthappan Temple shrine take on what form?
Who owns two dogs with four eyes each in Hindu mythology?
What do Yama's dogs watch over?
What does Muthappan use for his hunting dog for?
Offerings left at the Muthappan Temple shrine take on what form?
In Homer's Iliad, the names Danaans (or Danaoi: Δαναοί) and Argives (Argives: Αργείοι) are used to designate the Greek forces opposed to the Trojans. The myth of Danaus, whose origin is Egypt, is a foundation legend of Argos. His daughters Danaides, were forced in Tartarus to carry a jug to fill a bathtub without a bottom. This myth is connected with a task that can never be fulfilled (Sisyphos) and the name can be derived from the PIE root *danu: "river". There is not any satisfactory theory on their origin. Some scholars connect Danaans with the Denyen, one of the groups of the sea peoples who attacked Egypt during the reign of Ramesses III (1187-1156 BCE). The same inscription mentions the Weshesh who might have been the Achaeans. The Denyen seem to have been inhabitants of the city Adana in Cilicia. Pottery similar to that of Mycenae itself has been found in Tarsus of Cilicia and it seems that some refugees from the Aegean went there after the collapse of the Mycenean civilization. These Cilicians seem to have been called Dananiyim, the same word as Danaoi who attacked Egypt in 1191 BC along with the Quaouash (or Weshesh) who may be Achaeans. They were also called Danuna according to a Hittite inscription and the same name is mentioned in the Amarna letters. Julius Pokorny reconstructs the name from the PIE root da:-: "flow, river", da:-nu: "any moving liquid, drops", da: navo "people living by the river, Skyth. nomadic people (in Rigveda water-demons, fem.Da:nu primordial goddess), in Greek Danaoi, Egypt. Danuna". It is also possible that the name Danaans is pre-Greek. A country Danaja with a city Mukana (propaply: Mycenea) is mentioned in inscriptions from Egypt from Amenophis III (1390-1352 BC), Thutmosis III (1437 BC).

Questions:
In Homer's poems who were the Greeks at odds with ?
From where did the basis of the Argos tales originate ?
What did the female descendants of Argos have to accomplish ?
What community did the Denyen live in ?
What country is spoken of in the inscriptions of a country in Northern Africa from 1390-1352 BC ?
In Hong Kong, the Supreme Court of Hong Kong (now known as the High Court of Hong Kong) was the final court of appeal during its colonial times which ended with transfer of sovereignty in 1997. The final adjudication power, as in any other British Colonies, rested with the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (JCPC) in London, United Kingdom. Now the power of final adjudication is vested in the Court of Final Appeal created in 1997. Under the Basic Law, its constitution, the territory remains a common law jurisdiction. Consequently, judges from other common law jurisdictions (including England and Wales) can be recruited and continue to serve in the judiciary according to Article 92 of the Basic Law. On the other hand, the power of interpretation of the Basic Law itself is vested in the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPCSC) in Beijing (without retroactive effect), and the courts are authorised to interpret the Basic Law when trying cases, in accordance with Article 158 of the Basic Law. This arrangement became controversial in light of the right of abode issue in 1999, raising concerns for judicial independence.

Questions:
When did Britain formally surrender sovreignty over Hong Kong?
When Hong Kong was a colony of Great Britain, which body was the highest court of appeal?
Where is the JCPC located?
When was the Court of Final Appeal established?
The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress is seated in what city?
In Iberia, the Christian states, which had been confined to the north-western part of the peninsula, began to push back against the Islamic states in the south, a period known as the Reconquista. By about 1150, the Christian north had coalesced into the five major kingdoms of León, Castile, Aragon, Navarre, and Portugal. Southern Iberia remained under control of Islamic states, initially under the Caliphate of Córdoba, which broke up in 1031 into a shifting number of petty states known as taifas, who fought with the Christians until the Almohad Caliphate re-established centralised rule over Southern Iberia in the 1170s. Christian forces advanced again in the early 13th century, culminating in the capture of Seville in 1248.

Questions:
What was the name of the Christian reconquest of Iberia from the Muslims?
How many major Christian kingdoms existed in Iberia around 1150?
Along with León, Portugal, Aragon and Castile, what major Christian kingdom existed in Iberia around 1150?
What Islamic state controlled southern Iberia until 1031?
What Islamic state controlled southern Iberia in the 1170s?
In India the majority of these schools follow the Hanafi school of thought. The religious establishment forms part of the mainly two large divisions within the country, namely the Deobandis, who dominate in numbers (of whom the Darul Uloom Deoband constitutes one of the biggest madaris) and the Barelvis, who also make up a sizeable portion (Sufi-oriented). Some notable establishments include: Al Jamiatul Ashrafia, Mubarakpur, Manzar Islam Bareilly, Jamia Nizamdina New Delhi, Jamia Nayeemia Muradabad which is one of the largest learning centres for the Barelvis. The HR[clarification needed] ministry of the government of India has recently[when?] declared that a Central Madrasa Board would be set up. This will enhance the education system of madaris in India. Though the madaris impart Quranic education mainly, efforts are on to include Mathematics, Computers and science in the curriculum. In July 2015, the state government of Maharashtra created a stir de-recognised madrasa education, receiving critisicm from several political parties with the NCP accusing the ruling BJP of creating Hindu-Muslim friction in the state, and Kamal Farooqui of the All India Muslim Personal Law Board saying it was "ill-designed"

Questions:
What group makes up a larger percentage of people in India?
What problems are arising due to the political conflicts over schools?
What is the largest school for Barelvis people in India?
What disciplines does India want to introduce to madaris?
In what year did the Indian government begin to stop recognizing madaris as schools?
In India there are many polytechnic institutes and collages that offer a polytechnic education. In India a Diploma in Engineering is a specific academic award usually awarded in technical or vocational courses e.g. Engineering, Pharmacy, Designing, etc. These Institutions offer three year diploma in engineering post Tenth class. These institutes have affiliation from state bord of technical education of respective state governments. after which one can apply for post of junior engineer or continue higher studies by appearing for exams of AMIE to become an engineering graduate.

Questions:
What's the name of the diploma awarded in India for technical or vocational coursework?
In India, Carnival is celebrated only in the state of Goa and a Roman Catholic tradition, where it is known as Intruz which means swindler while Entrudo, the appropriate word in Portuguese for Carnival. The largest celebration takes place in the city of Panjim which was part of Velha Conquista, Goa, but now is celebrate throughout the state. The tradition was introduced by the Portuguese who ruled Goa for over four centuries. On Tuesday preceding Ash Wednesday, the European Tradition of Fat Tuesday is celebrated with the partaking of eating of crepes also called as "AleBelle." The crepes are filled with freshly grated coconut and heat condensed coconut sap that sequentially converts it into a brown sweet molasses and additional heat concentration solidifies it to jaggery. The celebrations of Carnival peak for three days and nights and precede Ash Wednesday. When the legendary King Momo takes over the state. All-night parades occur throughout the state with bands, dances and floats and grand balls are held in the evenings.

Questions:
What is the only state in India in which Carnival is celebrated?
What does the Indian word "Intruz" mean?
The largest Carnival celebration takes place in which city?
What is eaten on Fat Tuesday to partake in the celebration?
What legendary king eventually takes over the state?
In India, it was reported that the Indian Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC) censored kissing scenes featuring Monica Bellucci, Daniel Craig, and Léa Seydoux. They also muted all profanity. This prompted criticism of the board online, especially on Twitter.

Questions:
Whic organization is responsible for filtering movie content in India?
Which social media site was used for complaining about the Indian censoring?
In India, the British retained the Northern Circars, but returned all the French trading ports. The treaty, however, required that the fortifications of these settlements be destroyed and never rebuilt, while only minimal garrisons could be maintained there, thus rendering them worthless as military bases. Combined with the loss of France's ally in Bengal and the defection of Hyderabad to the British as a result of the war, this effectively brought French power in India to an end, making way for British hegemony and eventual control of the subcontinent.

Questions:
What did France retain in India?
How were the French settlements changed to eliminate their military usefulness?
What French ally in the area abandoned the French?
What happened to French power in the area?
Who defected to the British?
In India, the Supreme Court of India was created on January 28, 1950 after adoption of the Constitution. Article 141 of the Constitution of India states that the law declared by Supreme Court is to be binding on all Courts within the territory of India. It is the highest court in India and has ultimate judicial authority to interpret the Constitution and decide questions of national law (including local bylaws). The Supreme Court is also vested with the power of judicial review to ensure the application of the rule of law.

Questions:
On what date was India's Supreme Court established?
What article of India's Constitution makes decisions by their Supreme Court binding on lower courts?
India's Supreme Court has ultimate power to determine interpretations of what?
When the Supreme Court ensures that lower courts have properly applied the law it is called what?
In addition to national laws, India's Supreme Court may also interpret what regulations?
In India, the legislation subjects are divided into 3 lists -Union List, State List and Concurrent List . In the normal legislation process, the subjects in Union list can only be legislated upon by central legislative body called Parliament of India, for subjects in state list only respective state legislature can legislate. While for Concurrent subjects, both center and state can make laws. But to implement international treaties, Parliament can legislate on any subject overriding the general division of subject lists.

Questions:
Into what 3 lists are legislation subjects divided in India?
What type of legislative subjects can both the central legislative body and state legislatures make laws?
What is the central legislative body in India?
In order to implement international treaties, for what subjects can the Parliament of India legislate to override the general division of subject lists?
What subjects can only be legislated by the central legislative body in India?
In India, the longest constitutional text in the history of the world has governed that country since 1950. Although the Constitution of India may have been intended to provide details that would limit the opportunity for judicial discretion, the more text there is in a constitution the greater opportunity the judiciary may have to exercise judicial review. According to Indian journalist Harish Khare, "The rule of law or rather the Constitution [is] in danger of being supplanted by the rule of judges."

Questions:
What country has the longest version of a constitution?
In what year was India's constitution drafted?
What country has the longest Constitution?
In Thailand, the length of the constitution impacts the judges chances to exercise what?
What is in position to gain control over the rule of law in Thailand?
In Indian philosophy, Yoga is among other things, the name of one of the six āstika philosophical schools. The Yoga philosophical system is closely allied with the dualism premises of Samkhya school. The Yoga school accepts the Samkhya psychology and metaphysics, but is considered theistic because it accepts the concept of "personal god", unlike Samkhya. The epistemology of the Yoga school, like the Sāmkhya school, relies on three of six prāmaṇas as the means of gaining reliable knowledge: pratyakṣa (perception), anumāṇa (inference) and śabda (āptavacana, word/testimony of reliable sources).

Questions:
Of what is yoga a part  in Indian philosophy?
To what school of Hindu philosophy is yoga aligned?
What concept does yoga accept the differentiates it from Samkhya?
How many of the six pramanas does yoga accept?
Unlike other schools of Samkhya, what attitude makes yoga different?