the-coorporation/the_squad_qg huggingface dataset:
At the end of the Rigvedic period, the Aryan society began to expand from the northwestern region of the Indian subcontinent, into the western Ganges plain. It became increasingly agricultural and was socially organised around the hierarchy of the four varnas, or social classes. This social structure was characterized both by syncretising with the native cultures of northern India, but also eventually by the excluding of indigenous peoples by labelling their occupations impure. During this period, many of the previous small tribal units and chiefdoms began to coalesce into monarchical, state-level polities.

Questions:
When did the Aryan culture begin its expansion?
Into what area did the Aryan culture expand?
What were the Aryan social classes called?
What did the Aryans label as impure in the indigenous peoples in order to exclude them from certain social classes?
What groupings formed up into larger monarchical groups?
At the end of the Second Anglo-Dutch War, the English gained New Amsterdam (New York) in North America in exchange for Dutch control of Run, an Indonesian island. Several intertribal wars among the Native Americans and some epidemics brought on by contact with the Europeans caused sizable population losses for the Lenape between the years 1660 and 1670. By 1700, the Lenape population had diminished to 200.

Questions:
After what war did the English receive New Amsterdam?
How many Lenape lived in the area in 1700?
What was the name of the island the English traded to the Dutch in return for New Amsterdam?
In 1700, the Lenape Native American population had dwindled to how many?
After which war did England gain New York in exchange for Run, an Indonesian island?
At the end of the Second World War, Canada possessed the fourth-largest air force and fifth-largest naval surface fleet in the world, as well as the largest volunteer army ever fielded. Conscription for overseas service was introduced only near the end of the war, and only 2,400 conscripts actually made it into battle. Originally, Canada was thought to have had the third-largest navy in the world, but with the fall of the Soviet Union, new data based on Japanese and Soviet sources found that to be incorrect.

Questions:
Canada had which biggest army during the Second World War?
What country fell providing with more information on Canada's army size?
Which other country had a sizable naval army?
At the end of the first decade of the 21st century, downtown Tucson underwent a revitalization effort by city planners and the business community. The primary project was Rio Nuevo, a large retail and community center that has been stalled in planning for more than ten years. Downtown is generally regarded as the area bordered by 17th Street to the south, I-10 to the west, and 6th Street to the north, and Toole Avenue and the Union Pacific (formerly Southern Pacific) railroad tracks, site of the historic train depot and "Locomotive #1673", built in 1900. Downtown is divided into the Presidio District, the Barrio Viejo, and the Congress Street Arts and Entertainment District. Some authorities include the 4th Avenue shopping district, which is set just northeast of the rest of downtown and connected by an underpass beneath the UPRR tracks.

Questions:
What was the Union Pacific once known as?
What year was Locomotive #1673 made in?
What was the name of the retail and community center that took longer than a decade to build?
When did a revitalization of downtown Tucson begin?
What is Rio Nuevo?
What is the southern edge of Tucson's downtown?
What is the western edge of Tucson's downtown?
What is the northern edge of Tucson's downtown?
At the end of the last ice age, what are now the British Isles were joined to the European mainland as a mass of land extending north west from the modern-day northern coastline of France, Belgium and the Netherlands. Ice covered almost all of what is now Scotland, most of Ireland and Wales, and the hills of northern England. From 14,000 to 10,000 years ago, as the ice melted, sea levels rose separating Ireland from Great Britain and also creating the Isle of Man. About two to four millennia later, Great Britain became separated from the mainland. Britain probably became repopulated with people before the ice age ended and certainly before it became separated from the mainland. It is likely that Ireland became settled by sea after it had already become an island.

Questions:
What mainland was the British Isles once connected to?
When did the British Isles area become separated from the European continent?
When sea levels rose what occured in the British Isles area?
What happened to British Isles area when the ice melted after the last ice age?
Did Britain become populated with people again before or after the ice came to an end?
At the end of the third quarter in 2008, Florida had the highest mortgage delinquency rate in the country, with 7.8% of mortgages delinquent at least 60 days. A 2009 list of national housing markets that were hard hit in the real estate crash included a disproportionate number in Florida. The early 21st-century building boom left Florida with 300,000 vacant homes in 2009, according to state figures. In 2009, the US Census Bureau estimated that Floridians spent an average 49.1% of personal income on housing-related costs, the third highest percentage in the country.

Questions:
What was the mortgage delinquency rate in 2008 
How many vacant homes in Florida in 2009 
What percentage of  personal income was spent of Housing in florida  
Where did housing spending ranking nationally
At the end of the war, the victorious powers sought to divide up the Ottoman Empire. Signed between the Allied and Associated Powers and Ottoman Empire at Sèvres on 10 August 1920, the Treaty of Sèvres promised to maintain the existence of the Armenian republic and to attach the former territories of Ottoman Armenia to it. Because the new borders of Armenia were to be drawn by United States President Woodrow Wilson, Ottoman Armenia was also referred to as "Wilsonian Armenia." In addition, just days prior, on 5 August 1920, Mihran Damadian of the Armenian National Union, the de facto Armenian administration in Cilicia, declared the independence of Cilicia as an Armenian autonomous republic under French protectorate.

Questions:
When was the Treaty of Sevres signed?
What is another name for Ottoman Armenia?
Which US president specified the new Armenian borders?
When did Cilicia declare independence?
Who signed the Treaty of Sevres?
At the forefront of the new school of design was the aristocratic "architect earl", Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington; in 1729, he and William Kent, designed Chiswick House. This House was a reinterpretation of Palladio's Villa Capra, but purified of 16th century elements and ornament. This severe lack of ornamentation was to be a feature of the Palladianism. In 1734 William Kent and Lord Burlington designed one of England's finest examples of Palladian architecture with Holkham Hall in Norfolk. The main block of this house followed Palladio's dictates quite closely, but Palladio's low, often detached, wings of farm buildings were elevated in significance.

Questions:
Who was the "architect earl"?
When was Chiswick House designed?
What was the original building that Chiswick House design was reinterpretation?
What is 1734 design is considered one of the finest example of Palladian architecture in England, built in Norfolk?
At the foundation of the Order, the "Medal of the Order of the British Empire" was instituted, to serve as a lower award granting recipients affiliation but not membership. In 1922, this was renamed the "British Empire Medal". It stopped being awarded by the United Kingdom as part of the 1993 reforms to the honours system, but was again awarded beginning in 2012, starting with 293 BEMs awarded for the Queen's Diamond Jubilee. In addition, the BEM is awarded by the Cook Islands and by some other Commonwealth nations. In 2004, a report entitled "A Matter of Honour: Reforming Our Honours System" by a Commons committee recommended to phase out the Order of the British Empire, as its title was "now considered to be unacceptable, being thought to embody values that are no longer shared by many of the country’s population".

Questions:
What was instituted to serve as a lower award granting recipients affiliation?
What was the medal renamed as?
In what year was the Medal of the Order of the British Empire established?
When was it stopped being rewarded?
How many BEM's were awarded for the Queen's Diamond Jubilee?
At the funeral of the tenor Adolphe Nourrit in Paris in 1839, Chopin made a rare appearance at the organ, playing a transcription of Franz Schubert's lied Die Gestirne. On 26 July 1840 Chopin and Sand were present at the dress rehearsal of Berlioz's Grande symphonie funèbre et triomphale, composed to commemorate the tenth anniversary of the July Revolution. Chopin was reportedly unimpressed with the composition.

Questions:
What event were Chopin and Sand at on 26 July 1840?
What anniversary was the July Revolution that Sand and Chopin were present at a dress rehearsal for?
At whose funeral did Chopin play in 1839?
What instrument did Chopin play at  Adolphe Nourrit's funeral?
What piece did Chopin play at  Adolphe Nourrit's funeral?
Chopin attended the funeral of who in 1839?
What did Chopin play at the funeral?
What was the dress rehearsal for?
It was in commemoration of the tenth anniversary of what?
At the glass transition temperature the resin in the composite softens and significantly increases thermal expansion; exceeding Tg then exerts mechanical overload on the board components - e.g. the joints and the vias. Below Tg the thermal expansion of the resin roughly matches copper and glass, above it gets significantly higher. As the reinforcement and copper confine the board along the plane, virtually all volume expansion projects to the thickness and stresses the plated-through holes. Repeated soldering or other exposition to higher temperatures can cause failure of the plating, especially with thicker boards; thick boards therefore require high Tg matrix.

Questions:
What's the temperature at which resin softens and expands called?
Along with vias, what makes up the components of a board?
What will happen to the components when the temperature of resin goes above that of glass transition?
What do thick boards require to resist plating failure?
When resin stays below Tg, its thermal expansion is similar to that of copper and what other material?
At the heart of the city is the magnificent Rashtrapati Bhavan (formerly known as Viceroy's House) which sits atop Raisina Hill. The Secretariat, which houses ministries of the Government of India, flanks out of the Rashtrapati Bhavan. The Parliament House, designed by Herbert Baker, is located at the Sansad Marg, which runs parallel to the Rajpath. Connaught Place is a large, circular commercial area in New Delhi, modelled after the Royal Crescent in England. Twelve separate roads lead out of the outer ring of Connaught Place, one of them being the Janpath.

Questions:
Formerly known as the Viceroy's House, which large building is located at the heart of New Delhi?
The Rashtrapati Bhavan was formerly known by what name?
Connaught Place in New Delhi is modeled after what area of England?
How many roads lead out of the outer ring of Connaught Place?
At the homestead, Bell set up his own workshop in the converted carriage house near to what he called his "dreaming place", a large hollow nestled in trees at the back of the property above the river. Despite his frail condition upon arriving in Canada, Bell found the climate and environs to his liking, and rapidly improved.[N 10] He continued his interest in the study of the human voice and when he discovered the Six Nations Reserve across the river at Onondaga, he learned the Mohawk language and translated its unwritten vocabulary into Visible Speech symbols. For his work, Bell was awarded the title of Honorary Chief and participated in a ceremony where he donned a Mohawk headdress and danced traditional dances.[N 11]

Questions:
What building did Bell use as a workshop?
What did Bell call his special spot in the back of the property?
What Native American language did Bell learn?
What special status did Bell get in the Mohawk tribe?
Where was the Six Nations Reserve located?
At the inception of the Premier League in 1992–93, just eleven players named in the starting line-ups for the first round of matches hailed from outside of the United Kingdom or Ireland. By 2000–01, the number of foreign players participating in the Premier League was 36 per cent of the total. In the 2004–05 season the figure had increased to 45 per cent. On 26 December 1999, Chelsea became the first Premier League side to field an entirely foreign starting line-up, and on 14 February 2005 Arsenal were the first to name a completely foreign 16-man squad for a match. By 2009, under 40% of the players in the Premier League were English.

Questions:
Which team in 1999 had a line-up for starting that was consisted of all foreign players?
At the beginning of the Premier League how many foreign players were there for the first  round of games?
By the 2000-1 season what was the percentage of foreign players?
Which team in 2005 had all-foreign team players?
In 2009, what percent of the players were English in the Premier League?
How many of the original Premier League players in the 1992-93 season hailed from outside the UK or Ireland?
By 2000-01, what percentage of players in the Premier League were from outside the UK and Ireland?
By 2004-05, what percentage of players in the Premier League were from outside the UK and Ireland?
On which date did Chelsea host an entirely foreign starting line-up and therefore become the first team to do so?
On which date did Arsenal name a fully foreign 16-man squad for a match?
At the invitation of the United States government, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) sent a team of observers to monitor the presidential elections in 2004. It was the first time the OSCE had sent observers to a U.S. presidential election, although they had been invited in the past. In September 2004 the OSCE issued a report on U.S. electoral processes and the election final report. The report reads: "The November 2, 2004 elections in the United States mostly met the OSCE commitments included in the 1990 Copenhagen Document. They were conducted in an environment that reflects a long-standing democratic tradition, including institutions governed by the rule of law, free and generally professional media, and a civil society intensively engaged in the election process. There was exceptional public interest in the two leading presidential candidates and the issues raised by their respective campaigns, as well as in the election process itself."

Questions:
Who was called in to watch over the presidential election in 2004?
Was this the only occasion the OSCE was invited to preside over a presidential election?
What were the findings of the OSCE team?
What type of values did the OSCE determine were adhered to during the election process?
At the legislative level, a unicameral Assembleia Nacional Popular (National People's Assembly) is made up of 100 members. They are popularly elected from multi-member constituencies to serve a four-year term. The judicial system is headed by a Tribunal Supremo da Justiça (Supreme Court), made up of nine justices appointed by the president; they serve at the pleasure of the president.

Questions:
How many members compose the legislature?
Is the legislature bicameral or unicameral?
How long do members serve in the legislature?
What is the head of the judicial system?
How many justices are on the Supreme Court?
At the level of the individual, there is a large literature, generally related to the work of Jacob Mincer, on how earnings are related to the schooling and other human capital. This work has motivated a large number of studies, but is also controversial. The chief controversies revolve around how to interpret the impact of schooling. Some students who have indicated a high potential for learning, by testing with a high intelligence quotient, may not achieve their full academic potential, due to financial difficulties.[citation needed]

Questions:
Literature on how earnings and how it relates to schooling was greatly influenced by who?
This view of how schooling and earnings has sparked a lot of studies, but what else has it brought up?
What was one of the main concerns of this literature on how schooling and earnings?
At the official counting of the electoral votes on January 6, a motion was made contesting Ohio's electoral votes. Because the motion was supported by at least one member of both the House of Representatives and the Senate, election law mandated that each house retire to debate and vote on the motion. In the House of Representatives, the motion was supported by 31 Democrats. It was opposed by 178 Republicans, 88 Democrats and one independent. Not voting were 52 Republicans and 80 Democrats. Four people elected to the House had not yet taken office, and one seat was vacant. In the Senate, it was supported only by its maker, Senator Boxer, with 74 Senators opposed and 25 not voting. During the debate, no Senator argued that the outcome of the election should be changed by either court challenge or revote. Senator Boxer claimed that she had made the motion not to challenge the outcome, but to "shed the light of truth on these irregularities."

Questions:
Was there any debate about the voting process in Ohio?
What was the decision regarding the motion to re-count the votes, after each House finalized their debates?
Who was the lone supporter of the motion, from the Senate?
Why did Senator Boxer say she voted the way she did?
How many people from the House of Representatives did not vote?
At the other extreme mountainous regions can be windy, cold, and areas at elevation of 750 meters or more (same elevation as Jerusalem) will usually receive at least one snowfall each year. From May to September, rain in Israel is rare. With scarce water resources, Israel has developed various water-saving technologies, including drip irrigation. Israelis also take advantage of the considerable sunlight available for solar energy, making Israel the leading nation in solar energy use per capita (practically every house uses solar panels for water heating).

Questions:
Israel developed what?
What does Israelis take advantage of?
Who leads the nation in solar energy use?
At the outset of the Franco-Prussian War, 462,000 German soldiers concentrated on the French frontier while only 270,000 French soldiers could be moved to face them, the French army having lost 100,000 stragglers before a shot was fired through poor planning and administration. This was partly due to the peacetime organisations of the armies. Each Prussian Corps was based within a Kreis (literally "circle") around the chief city in an area. Reservists rarely lived more than a day's travel from their regiment's depot. By contrast, French regiments generally served far from their depots, which in turn were not in the areas of France from which their soldiers were drawn. Reservists often faced several days' journey to report to their depots, and then another long journey to join their regiments. Large numbers of reservists choked railway stations, vainly seeking rations and orders.

Questions:
At the start of the war, how many German troops were focused on the French frontier?
How many French troops were available to stand again the Germans?
What is the literal meaning of the Prussian word "Kreis?"
What did the French military numbers suffer from the most?
At the outset of the Korean War the CIA still only had a few thousand employees, a thousand of whom worked in analysis. Intelligence primarily came from the Office of Reports and Estimates, which drew its reports from a daily take of State Department telegrams, military dispatches, and other public documents. The CIA still lacked its own intelligence gathering abilities. On 21 August 1950, shortly after the invasion of South Korea, Truman announced Walter Bedell Smith as the new Director of the CIA to correct what was seen as a grave failure of Intelligence.[clarification needed]

Questions:
Who was appointed to be the new Director of the CIA in 1950?
What president announced the new CIA director?
Where was most of the CIA's intelligence coming from before 1950?
At the request of the pope, he created an information office for prisoners of war and refugees, which in the years of its existence from 1939 until 1947 received almost ten million (9 891 497) information requests and produced over eleven million (11.293.511) answers about missing persons. Montini was several times openly attacked by Benito Mussolini's government as a politician, and meddling in politics, but each time he found powerful defenses by the Vatican. In 1944, Luigi Maglione died, and Pius XII appointed Tardini and Montini together as heads of the State Department. Montini's admiration was almost filial, when he described Pope Pius XII:

Questions:
In what year was the office for information for prisoners and refugees founded?
How many inquiries did Mintini receive regarding missing persons ?
What was Montini accused of being by the Italian government?
With whom did Montini feel he had a brother like connection to?
What Italian Prime Minister attacked Montini for his political stances?
At the same conference, Marshall Sahlins presented a paper entitled, "Notes on the Original Affluent Society", in which he challenged the popular view of hunter-gatherers lives as "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short," as Thomas Hobbes had put it in 1651. According to Sahlins, ethnographic data indicated that hunter-gatherers worked far fewer hours and enjoyed more leisure than typical members of industrial society, and they still ate well. Their "affluence" came from the idea that they were satisfied with very little in the material sense. Later, in 1996, Ross Sackett performed two distinct meta-analyses to empirically test Sahlin's view. The first of these studies looked at 102 time-allocation studies, and the second one analyzed 207 energy-expenditure studies. Sackett found that adults in foraging and horticultural societies work, on average, about 6.5 hours a day, where as people in agricultural and industrial societies work on average 8.8 hours a day.

Questions:
Who called hunter-gathers the original affluent society?
When did Ross Sackett study time and energy for hunter-gartherer groups?
How long a day do people in other societies work?
At the same time the Empire style in France was a more grandiose wave of neoclassicism in architecture and the decorative arts. Mainly based on Imperial Roman styles, it originated in, and took its name from, the rule of Napoleon I in the First French Empire, where it was intended to idealize Napoleon's leadership and the French state. The style corresponds to the more bourgeois Biedermeier style in the German-speaking lands, Federal style in the United States, the Regency style in Britain, and the Napoleonstil in Sweden. According to the art historian Hugh Honour "so far from being, as is sometimes supposed, the culmination of the Neo-classical movement, the Empire marks its rapid decline and transformation back once more into a mere antique revival, drained of all the high-minded ideas and force of conviction that had inspired its masterpieces".

Questions:
How would the Empire style of France be characterized by comparison?
What was the origination of the Imperial Roman Style?
What was the corresponding style to Empire in Britain?
In the US, the style during this time of Neoclassical Empire was known as what?
At the same time the order found itself face to face with the Renaissance. It struggled against pagan tendencies in Renaissance humanism, in Italy through Dominici and Savonarola, in Germany through the theologians of Cologne but it also furnished humanism with such advanced writers as Francesco Colonna (probably the writer of the Hypnerotomachia Poliphili) and Matteo Bandello. Many Dominicans took part in the artistic activity of the age, the most prominent being Fra Angelico and Fra Bartolomeo.

Questions:
What historical period gave the Dominican Order a challenge?
What was it about the Renaissance that gave the Dominican Order problems?
The theologians of what German city gave the Dominican Order resistance?
What writer fused humanism with the Dominican Order teachings?
What Dominican friar celebrated the arts of the Renaissance age?
At the same time, British, French, and Soviet negotiators scheduled three-party talks on military matters to occur in Moscow in August 1939, aiming to define what the agreement would specify should be the reaction of the three powers to a German attack. The tripartite military talks, started in mid-August, hit a sticking point regarding the passage of Soviet troops through Poland if Germans attacked, and the parties waited as British and French officials overseas pressured Polish officials to agree to such terms. Polish officials refused to allow Soviet troops into Polish territory if Germany attacked; as Polish foreign minister Józef Beck pointed out, they feared that once the Red Army entered their territories, it might never leave.

Questions:
In what city did the tripartite military talks occur during the month of August?
Why did Poland deny the proposal of the Soviet Union protecting them from a German Attack?
Who did not want their country protected by the Soviet military?
At the same time, naval innovations led to a German domination of trade in the Baltic Sea and parts of Eastern Europe through the Hanseatic League. Along the trade routes, Hanseatic trade stations became centers of the German culture. German town law (Stadtrecht) was promoted by the presence of large, relatively wealthy German populations, their influence and political power. Thus people who would be considered "Germans", with a common culture, language, and worldview different from that of the surrounding rural peoples, colonized trading towns as far north of present-day Germany as Bergen (in Norway), Stockholm (in Sweden), and Vyborg (now in Russia). The Hanseatic League was not exclusively German in any ethnic sense: many towns who joined the league were outside the Holy Roman Empire and a number of them may only loosely be characterized as German. The Empire itself was not entirely German either. It had a multi-ethnic and multi-lingual structure, some of the smaller ethnicities and languages used at different times were Dutch, Italian, French, Czech and Polish.

Questions:
German's domination of trade in the Eastern Europe was credited to what?
Because of the increased trade what places became the hubs of German culture?
What was promoted due to wealth and power of the German families?
the holy roman empire due to its many different conquests was seen as what type of society?
What helped the Germans dominate trade?
What is the German work for German town law?
Was the Hanseatic league exclusively German?
What other ethnicities, besides German were part of The Empire?
At the same time, some Alsatians were in opposition to the Jacobins and sympathetic to the invading forces of Austria and Prussia who sought to crush the nascent revolutionary republic. Many of the residents of the Sundgau made "pilgrimages" to places like Mariastein Abbey, near Basel, in Switzerland, for baptisms and weddings. When the French Revolutionary Army of the Rhine was victorious, tens of thousands fled east before it. When they were later permitted to return (in some cases not until 1799), it was often to find that their lands and homes had been confiscated. These conditions led to emigration by hundreds of families to newly vacant lands in the Russian Empire in 1803–4 and again in 1808. A poignant retelling of this event based on what Goethe had personally witnessed can be found in his long poem Hermann and Dorothea.

Questions:
Which two countries sought to crush the nascent republic?
What had happened to most of the people who fled Sungau during the war when they were allowed to return home?
What was the name of the poem by Goethe?
At the same time, the political party reached its modern form, with a membership disciplined through the use of a party whip and the implementation of efficient structures of control. The Home Rule League Party, campaigning for Home Rule for Ireland in the British Parliament was fundamentally changed by the great Irish political leader Charles Stewart Parnell in the 1880s. In 1882, he changed his party's name to the Irish Parliamentary Party and created a well-organized grass roots structure, introducing membership to replace "ad hoc" informal groupings. He created a new selection procedure to ensure the professional selection of party candidates committed to taking their seats, and in 1884 he imposed a firm 'party pledge' which obliged MPs to vote as a bloc in parliament on all occasions. The creation of a strict party whip and a formal party structure was unique at the time. His party's efficient structure and control contrasted with the loose rules and flexible informality found in the main British parties; – they soon came to model themselves on the Parnellite model.

Questions:
Who was the leader of the Irish political party in the 1880s?
What did Charles Stewart Parnell change his parties name to in 1882?
Did the Irish Parliamentary Party ever adopt the Parnellite model?
At the same time, these movements were influenced by, and in some respects continued, philosophical thought within the Vedic tradition as reflected e.g. in the Upanishads. These movements included, besides Buddhism, various skeptics (such as Sanjaya Belatthiputta), atomists (such as Pakudha Kaccayana), materialists (such as Ajita Kesakambali), antinomians (such as Purana Kassapa); the most important ones in the 5th century BCE were the Ajivikas, who emphasized the rule of fate, the Lokayata (materialists), the Ajnanas (agnostics) and the Jains, who stressed that the soul must be freed from matter. Many of these new movements shared the same conceptual vocabulary—atman ("Self"), buddha ("awakened one"), dhamma ("rule" or "law"), karma ("action"), nirvana ("extinguishing"), samsara ("eternal recurrence") and yoga ("spiritual practice").[note 24] The shramanas rejected the Veda, and the authority of the brahmans, who claimed they possessed revealed truths not knowable by any ordinary human means. Moreover, they declared that the entire Brahmanical system was fraudulent: a conspiracy of the brahmans to enrich themselves by charging exorbitant fees to perform bogus rites and give useless advice.

Questions:
Movements were influenced by philosophical thought within the Vedic tradition such as what?
The movement included atomists such as what?
What is the term for agnostics?
What movement focused on the idea that the sould must be freed from matter?
At the start of John's reign there was a sudden change in prices, as bad harvests and high demand for food resulted in much higher prices for grain and animals. This inflationary pressure was to continue for the rest of the 13th century and had long-term economic consequences for England. The resulting social pressures were complicated by bursts of deflation that resulted from John's military campaigns. It was usual at the time for the king to collect taxes in silver, which was then re-minted into new coins; these coins would then be put in barrels and sent to royal castles around the country, to be used to hire mercenaries or to meet other costs. At those times when John was preparing for campaigns in Normandy, for example, huge quantities of silver had to be withdrawn from the economy and stored for months, which unintentionally resulted in periods during which silver coins were simply hard to come by, commercial credit difficult to acquire and deflationary pressure placed on the economy. The result was political unrest across the country. John attempted to address some of the problems with the English currency in 1204 and 1205 by carrying out a radical overhaul of the coinage, improving its quality and consistency.

Questions:
What happened at the start of John's reign?
How long did the inflationary pressure continue?
When did John address problems with the English currency?
How did he address the problems with the English currency?
At the start of a classic valley glacier is a bowl-shaped cirque, which has escarped walls on three sides but is open on the side that descends into the valley. Cirques are where ice begins to accumulate in a glacier. Two glacial cirques may form back to back and erode their backwalls until only a narrow ridge, called an arête is left. This structure may result in a mountain pass. If multiple cirques encircle a single mountain, they create pointed pyramidal peaks; particularly steep examples are called horns.

Questions:
On which side is a cirque opened?
Where does ice start accululating in a glacier?
What is a narrow ridge formed by two cirques eroding back to back called?
What are extremely steep cirques called?
How many sides are closed in a typical cirque?
At the start of her reign Victoria was popular, but her reputation suffered in an 1839 court intrigue when one of her mother's ladies-in-waiting, Lady Flora Hastings, developed an abdominal growth that was widely rumoured to be an out-of-wedlock pregnancy by Sir John Conroy. Victoria believed the rumours. She hated Conroy, and despised "that odious Lady Flora", because she had conspired with Conroy and the Duchess of Kent in the Kensington System. At first, Lady Flora refused to submit to a naked medical examination, until in mid-February she eventually agreed, and was found to be a virgin. Conroy, the Hastings family and the opposition Tories organised a press campaign implicating the Queen in the spreading of false rumours about Lady Flora. When Lady Flora died in July, the post-mortem revealed a large tumour on her liver that had distended her abdomen. At public appearances, Victoria was hissed and jeered as "Mrs. Melbourne".

Questions:
What health issue did Flora hastings develope that began to ruin Victorias reputation?
What was the job of lady Flora Hastings in Victorias household?
What was Flora hastings abdominal growth rumored to be?
Who was rumored to be the father of Flora Hastings "pregnancy"?
What year did Victorias reputation begin to suffer?
What lady in waiting was at the heart of a 1839 court scandal?
What was the cause of Lady Flora's death in July? 
With whom did Lady Flora consipire against Queen Victoria? 
What was Queen Victoria called after Lady Flora's death due?
Who, in Victoria's court, was accused of having a pregnancy outside of mariage?
Who was believed to be the father of Lady Flor's "baby"?
What did Victoria think of Lady Flora?
Why did Victoria hate Sir Conroy and Lady Flora?
What was actually the cause of Lady Flora's "pregnancy"?
At the time of Australia's federation on 1 January 1901, Melbourne became the seat of government of the federation. The first federal parliament was convened on 9 May 1901 in the Royal Exhibition Building, subsequently moving to the Victorian Parliament House where it was located until 1927, when it was moved to Canberra. The Governor-General of Australia resided at Government House in Melbourne until 1930 and many major national institutions remained in Melbourne well into the twentieth century.

Questions:
Where was the first federal parliament convened in 1901?
The Governor-General of Australia resided at the Government House in Melbourne until what year?
Where was the federal parliament moved after 1927?
On what date was the first federal parliament convened?
At the time of Harold Evans' appointment as editor in 1981, The Times had an average daily sale of 282,000 copies in comparison to the 1.4 million daily sales of its traditional rival The Daily Telegraph. By November 2005 The Times sold an average of 691,283 copies per day, the second-highest of any British "quality" newspaper (after The Daily Telegraph, which had a circulation of 903,405 copies in the period), and the highest in terms of full-rate sales. By March 2014, average daily circulation of The Times had fallen to 394,448 copies, compared to The Daily Telegraph's 523,048, with the two retaining respectively the second-highest and highest circulations among British "quality" newspapers. In contrast The Sun, the highest-selling "tabloid" daily newspaper in the United Kingdom, sold an average of 2,069,809 copies in March 2014, and the Daily Mail, the highest-selling "middle market" British daily newspaper, sold an average of 1,708,006 copies in the period.

Questions:
What year was Harold Evans appointed to editor of The Times?
The Times has a traditional rival with what other major British newspaper?
What is the name of the highest-selling tabloid daily newspaper in the United Kingdom?
What is the name of the highest-selling middle market British daily newspaper?
At the time of her accession, the government was led by the Whig prime minister Lord Melbourne, who at once became a powerful influence on the politically inexperienced Queen, who relied on him for advice. Charles Greville supposed that the widowed and childless Melbourne was "passionately fond of her as he might be of his daughter if he had one", and Victoria probably saw him as a father figure. Her coronation took place on 28 June 1838 at Westminster Abbey. Over 400,000 visitors came to London for the celebrations. She became the first sovereign to take up residence at Buckingham Palace and inherited the revenues of the duchies of Lancaster and Cornwall as well as being granted a civil list allowance of £385,000 per year. Financially prudent, she paid off her father's debts.

Questions:
Who was in charge of the Governemnt at the time of Victorias ascession?
What was the name of the Whig Prime minister at the time of Victorias ascession?
When was Queen Victorias coronation held?
Where was Victorias coronation held?
How many visitors came to London for Victorias coronation?
When did Victoria's coronation take place at Westminster Abbey?
Who thought that Melbourne saw Victoria as if she was his daughter? 
How many people visited London for the Coronation of Queen Victoria? 
What was Victoria's allowance upon becoming Queen? 
What Whig was prime minister during Victoria's accession? 
Who was leading the government at the time of Victoria's accension?
What kind of influence was Melbourne to Victoria?
When was Victoria's coronation?
What major accomplishment did Victoria achieve with her civil list allowance?
Where did Queen Victoria reside?
At the time of its launch, TCM was available to approximately one million cable television subscribers. The network originally served as a competitor to AMC – which at the time was known as "American Movie Classics" and maintained a virtually identical format to TCM, as both networks largely focused on films released prior to 1970 and aired them in an uncut, uncolorized, and commercial-free format. AMC had broadened its film content to feature colorized and more recent films by 2002 and abandoned its commercial-free format, leaving TCM as the only movie-oriented cable channel to devote its programming entirely to classic films without commercial interruption.

Questions:
How many subscribers had access to TCM upon it launch?
When TCM premiered, what was AMC called?
What sorts of films did American Movie Classics primarily show?
By what year was AMC showing commercials?
At the time of its release, Twilight Princess was considered the greatest entry in the Zelda series by many critics, including writers for 1UP.com, Computer and Video Games, Electronic Gaming Monthly, Game Informer, GamesRadar, IGN, and The Washington Post. It received several Game of the Year awards, and was the most critically acclaimed game of 2006. In 2011, the Wii version was rereleased under the Nintendo Selects label. A high-definition port for the Wii U, The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD, will be released in March 2016.

Questions:
What accolade did Twilight Princess receive after its release?
Under which brand was Twilight Princess for the Nintendo Wii published?
When is the HD version of Twilight Princess slated for launch?
At the time of release which episode of the Legend of Zelda series was considered the greatest entry?
How many Game of the Year awards did Twilight Princess receive?
What year was Twilight Princess the most critically acclaimed game?
What year will the game release a high-definition port for the Wii U console?
At the time of the Berlin Conference, Africa contained one-fifth of the world’s population living in one-quarter of the world’s land area. However, from Europe's perspective, they were dividing an unknown continent. European countries established a few coastal colonies in Africa by the mid-nineteenth century, which included Cape Colony (Great Britain), Angola (Portugal), and Algeria (France), but until the late nineteenth century Europe largely traded with free African states without feeling the need for territorial possession. Until the 1880s most of Africa remained unchartered, with western maps from the period generally showing blank spaces for the continent’s interior.

Questions:
What percent of the worlds population did Africa posses at the Berlin Conference?
What was Europe's perspective o Africa containing one-fifth of the worlds population?
When did European countries establish colonies in Africa?
Europe did not feel the need to posses territory in Africa until?
How did maps show Africa Before 1880?
At the time of the Roman Empire, about two thousand years ago, various tribes, which spoke Celtic dialects of the Insular Celtic group, were inhabiting the islands. The Romans expanded their civilisation to control southern Great Britain but were impeded in advancing any further, building Hadrian's Wall to mark the northern frontier of their empire in 122 AD. At that time, Ireland was populated by a people known as Hiberni, the northern third or so of Great Britain by a people known as Picts and the southern two thirds by Britons.

Questions:
The people that lived in the British Isles during the Roman Empire era spoke which language?
What was the name of the wall that the Romans built to mark their northern territory in the British Isles in 122AD?
During the Roman Empire occupation in the British Isles, what was the name of the people that lived in Ireland?
The northern area of Great Britain was populated by what native people during the Roman Empire occupation?
What was the name of the native people that lived in the southern parts of the British Isles during the Roman Empire occupation?
At the time of the fall of the Egyptian monarchy in the early 1950s, less than half a million Egyptians were considered upper class and rich, four million middle class and 17 million lower class and poor. Fewer than half of all primary-school-age children attended school, most of them being boys. Nasser's policies changed this. Land reform and distribution, the dramatic growth in university education, and government support to national industries greatly improved social mobility and flattened the social curve. From academic year 1953-54 through 1965-66, overall public school enrolments more than doubled. Millions of previously poor Egyptians, through education and jobs in the public sector, joined the middle class. Doctors, engineers, teachers, lawyers, journalists, constituted the bulk of the swelling middle class in Egypt under Nasser. During the 1960s, the Egyptian economy went from sluggish to the verge of collapse, the society became less free, and Nasser's appeal waned considerably.

Questions:
How many rich, upper class were in Egypt in 1950s?
How many middle class were in Egypt in 1950s
How many lower class were in Egypt in 1950s
What professions made up the buld on middle class under Nasser?
What direction did the Egypt economy take in the 1960s?
At the time of this entry, we were not able to identify any specific nutrition literacy studies in the U.S. at a national level. However, the findings of the 2003 National Assessment of Adult Literacy (NAAL) provide a basis upon which to frame the nutrition literacy problem in the U.S. NAAL introduced the first ever measure of "the degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions" – an objective of Healthy People 2010 and of which nutrition literacy might be considered an important subset. On a scale of below basic, basic, intermediate and proficient, NAAL found 13 percent of adult Americans have proficient health literacy, 44% have intermediate literacy, 29 percent have basic literacy and 14 percent have below basic health literacy. The study found that health literacy increases with education and people living below the level of poverty have lower health literacy than those above it.

Questions:
In which country were there no specific nutritional literacy studies on a national level that could be found?
What does the abbreviation NAAL represent?
How many Americans were found to have intermediate health literacy?
What percentage of Americans fell below the basics of health literacy?
People who had a lower health literacy rate were found to be living below what standard?
At the time of uploading a video, YouTube users are shown a message asking them not to violate copyright laws. Despite this advice, there are still many unauthorized clips of copyrighted material on YouTube. YouTube does not view videos before they are posted online, and it is left to copyright holders to issue a DMCA takedown notice pursuant to the terms of the Online Copyright Infringement Liability Limitation Act. Three successful complaints for copyright infringement against a user account will result in the account and all of its uploaded videos being deleted.

Questions:
What does the message when uploading a video ask the user not to do?
Posting a video without consent of the copyright holder is what according to youtube?
How many copyright infringements must an account have before the account is deleted?
Youtube doesn't do what to videos before they're posted?
What kind of notice must a copyright holder issue when trying to take down content?
At the time structures such as Lie algebras and hyperbolic quaternions drew attention to the need to expand algebraic structures beyond the associatively multiplicative class. In a review Alexander Macfarlane wrote: "The main idea of the work is not unification of the several methods, nor generalization of ordinary algebra so as to include them, but rather the comparative study of their several structures." In a separate review, G. B. Mathews wrote, "It possesses a unity of design which is really remarkable, considering the variety of its themes."

Questions:
What did Lie algebras and hyperbolic quaternions demonstrate a need for?
How did Alexander Macfarlane summarize the relationship between different methods in "A Treatise on Algebra" in his review?
What was G.B. Matthew's opinion of "A Treatise on Algebra"?
Lie algebras and hypobolic quanternions drew attention to the need for what?
What did reviewer GB Mathews say algebraic structures possessed? 
Reviewer Alexander Macfarlane believed that the main idea of the work is a comparative study of what?