the-coorporation/the_squad_qg huggingface dataset:
Between 1631 and 1890, the city tripled its area through land reclamation by filling in marshes, mud flats, and gaps between wharves along the waterfront. The largest reclamation efforts took place during the 19th century; beginning in 1807, the crown of Beacon Hill was used to fill in a 50-acre (20 ha) mill pond that later became the Haymarket Square area. The present-day State House sits atop this lowered Beacon Hill. Reclamation projects in the middle of the century created significant parts of the South End, the West End, the Financial District, and Chinatown. After The Great Boston Fire of 1872, workers used building rubble as landfill along the downtown waterfront. During the mid-to-late 19th century, workers filled almost 600 acres (2.4 km2) of brackish Charles River marshlands west of Boston Common with gravel brought by rail from the hills of Needham Heights. The city annexed the adjacent towns of South Boston (1804), East Boston (1836), Roxbury (1868), Dorchester (including present day Mattapan and a portion of South Boston) (1870), Brighton (including present day Allston) (1874), West Roxbury (including present day Jamaica Plain and Roslindale) (1874), Charlestown (1874), and Hyde Park (1912). Other proposals, for the annexation of Brookline, Cambridge, and Chelsea, were unsuccessful.

Questions:
What was used to fill a mill pond that became the Haymarket Square?
What sits on Beacon Hill today?
What famous disaster happened in Boston in 1872?
What was the rubble from the Great Boston Fire used for?
Between 1791 and 1833, Saint Helena became the site of a series of experiments in conservation, reforestation and attempts to boost rainfall artificially. This environmental intervention was closely linked to the conceptualisation of the processes of environmental change and helped establish the roots of environmentalism.

Questions:
The roots of what were established on Saint Helena?
What did scientists attempt to boost artificially on Saint Helena?
The environmental intervention was linked to the conceptualization of what process?
Between 1815 and 1914, a period referred to as Britain's "imperial century" by some historians, around 10,000,000 square miles (26,000,000 km2) of territory and roughly 400 million people were added to the British Empire. Victory over Napoleon left Britain without any serious international rival, other than Russia in central Asia. Unchallenged at sea, Britain adopted the role of global policeman, a state of affairs later known as the Pax Britannica, and a foreign policy of "splendid isolation". Alongside the formal control it exerted over its own colonies, Britain's dominant position in world trade meant that it effectively controlled the economies of many countries, such as China, Argentina and Siam, which has been characterised by some historians as "Informal Empire".

Questions:
How many square miles of territory were added to the British Empire between 1815 and 1914?
How many people were added to the British Empire between 1815 and 1914?
Who was Britain's last serious rival after Napoleon?
What was the period of Britain acting as the world's police called?
Britain's dominant position in world trade over some countries' economies has been called what?
Between 1832 and 2002 the currency of Greece was the drachma. After signing the Maastricht Treaty, Greece applied to join the eurozone. The two main convergence criteria were a maximum budget deficit of 3% of GDP and a declining public debt if it stood above 60% of GDP. Greece met the criteria as shown in its 1999 annual public account. On 1 January 2001, Greece joined the eurozone, with the adoption of the euro at the fixed exchange rate ₯340.75 to €1. However, in 2001 the euro only existed electronically, so the physical exchange from drachma to euro only took place on 1 January 2002. This was followed by a ten-year period for eligible exchange of drachma to euro, which ended on 1 March 2012.

Questions:
What was the currency of Greece until 2002?
What did Greece sign to apply to join the eurozone?
How many convergence criteria were there in the treaty?
When did the physical exchange of the drachma to euro take place?
When did the ten-year period for eligible exchange of the drachma to euro end?
Between 1836 and 1842 Victorian Aboriginal groups were largely dispossessed[by whom?] of their land. By January 1844, there were said to be 675 Aborigines resident in squalid camps in Melbourne. The British Colonial Office appointed five Aboriginal Protectors for the Aborigines of Victoria, in 1839, however their work was nullified by a land policy that favoured squatters to take possession of Aboriginal lands. By 1845, fewer than 240 wealthy Europeans held all the pastoral licences then issued in Victoria and became a powerful political and economic force in Victoria for generations to come.

Questions:
Between what year's did Victorian aboriginal groups dispossessed?
In 1844 how many Aborigines resident in squalid camps in Melbourne?
Who appointed five Aboriginal Protectors for the Aborigines of Victoria in 1839?
Who were the people that were power political and economic force in Victoria in 1845?
How many Aborigines were said to be resident in squalid camps in Melbourne in January 1844?
How many Aboriginal Protectors for the Aborigines of Victoria were appointed in 1839?
By what year did fewer than 240 wealthy Europeans hold all the pastoral licenses?
During what years were Victorian Aboriginal groups largely displaced from their land?
Between 1847 and 1850, when Blore was building the new east wing, the Brighton Pavilion was once again plundered of its fittings. As a result, many of the rooms in the new wing have a distinctly oriental atmosphere. The red and blue Chinese Luncheon Room is made up from parts of the Brighton Banqueting and Music Rooms with a large oriental chimney piece sculpted by Richard Westmacott. The Yellow Drawing Room has wallpaper supplied in 1817 for the Brighton Saloon, and a chimney piece which is a European vision of how the Chinese chimney piece may appear. It has nodding mandarins in niches and fearsome winged dragons, designed by Robert Jones.

Questions:
Where did many of the fittings for the new east wing come from?
When was the new east wing built?
What is the theme for the new east wing?
The red and blue Chinese Luncheon Room has what as a main feature?
Who designed the chimney piece in The Yellow Drawing Room?
What was Blore building between 1847 and 1850?
Many rooms in the new east wing are in what style?
Parts of the Brighton Banqueting and Music Rooms from Brighton Pavilion make up which Buckingham Room?
Between 1853 and 1870, the Emperor Napoleon III and the city's first director of parks and gardens, Jean-Charles Alphand, created the Bois de Boulogne, the Bois de Vincennes, Parc Montsouris and the Parc des Buttes-Chaumont, located at the four points of the compass around the city, as well as many smaller parks, squares and gardens in the Paris' quarters. Since 1977, the city has created 166 new parks, most notably the Parc de la Villette (1987), Parc André Citroën (1992), and Parc de Bercy (1997). One of the newest parks, the Promenade des Berges de la Seine (2013), built on a former highway on the Left Bank of the Seine between the Pont de l'Alma and the Musée d'Orsay, has floating gardens and gives a view of the city's landmarks.

Questions:
Who was Paris' first director of parks and gardens?
How many new parks have been created in Paris since 1977?
WHen was the Parc de la Villette created?
What park has floating gardens?
When was the Promenade des Berges de la Seine built?
Between 1872 and 1905, a series of protests took place in response to the sale of concessions to foreigners by Nasser od Din and Mozaffar od Din shahs of Qajar, and led to the Iranian Constitutional Revolution. The first Iranian Constitution and the first national parliament of Iran were founded in 1906, through the ongoing revolution. The Constitution included the official recognition of Iran's three religious minorities, namely Christians, Zoroastrians, and Jews, which has remained a basis in the legislation of Iran since then.

Questions:
When did a series of protests over foreign concessions sales in Iran occur?
What resulted from the series of protests in Iran over foreign concessions sales?
The first national parliament of Iran was founded in what year?
The first Constitution of Iran was founded in what year?
The Iranian Constitution did what for Christians, Jews, and Zoroastrians in Iran?
Between 1892, when Harvard and Yale met in one of the first intercollegiate debates, and 1909, the year of the first Triangular Debate of Harvard, Yale, and Princeton, the rhetoric, symbolism, and metaphors used in athletics were used to frame these early debates. Debates were covered on front pages of college newspapers and emphasized in yearbooks, and team members even received the equivalent of athletic letters for their jackets. There even were rallies sending off the debating teams to matches. Yet, the debates never attained the broad appeal that athletics enjoyed. One reason may be that debates do not have a clear winner, as is the case in sports, and that scoring is subjective. In addition, with late 19th-century concerns about the impact of modern life on the human body, athletics offered hope that neither the individual nor the society was coming apart.

Questions:
In what year was the first debate between Harvard, Yale, and Princeton?
When was the first debate between Harvard and Yale?
How were debates shown to the college students?
What did members of the debate team get for their service?
Why do debates not have a distinct winner?
Between 1925 and 1940, philanthropic foundations, especially ones connected with the Rockefellers, contributed about $7 million to support the Yale Institute of Human Relations and the affiliated Yerkes Laboratories of Primate Biology. The money went toward behavioral science research, which was supported by foundation officers who aimed to "improve mankind" under an informal, loosely defined human engineering effort. The behavioral scientists at Yale, led by President James R. Angell and psychobiologist Robert M. Yerkes, tapped into foundation largesse by crafting research programs aimed to investigate, then suggest, ways to control, sexual and social behavior. For example, Yerkes analyzed chimpanzee sexual behavior in hopes of illuminating the evolutionary underpinnings of human development and providing information that could ameliorate dysfunction. Ultimately, the behavioral-science results disappointed foundation officers, who shifted their human-engineering funds toward biological sciences.

Questions:
How much did  philanthropic foundations donate between 1925 and 1940?
What was the $7 million used for?
What animals sexual behavior did Yerkes study?
Who were the behavioral scientists in charge of the research?
What was the goal of the behavioral research?
Between 1941 and 1946, the left-wing British historian E.H. Carr was Assistant Editor. Carr was well known for the strongly pro-Soviet tone of his editorials. In December 1944, when fighting broke out in Athens between the Greek Communist ELAS and the British Army, Carr in a Times editorial sided with the Communists, leading Winston Churchill to condemn him and that leader in a speech to the House of Commons. As a result of Carr's editorial, The Times became popularly known during that stage of World War II as the threepenny Daily Worker (the price of the Daily Worker being one penny).

Questions:
Between 1941 and 1946, which left-wing British historian was Assistant Editor for The Times?
The Assistant Editor of The Times in 1941-1946 strongly supported what stance?
Which side did The Times support in the fighting that broke out in Athens in 1944?
Which major political figure condemned The Times in 1944 for not supporting the British Army?
During World War II, The Times was nicknamed what in 1944?
Between 1945 and 1989, the share of ethnic Estonians in the population resident within the currently defined boundaries of Estonia dropped to 61%, caused primarily by the Soviet programme promoting mass immigration of urban industrial workers from Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus, as well as by wartime emigration and Joseph Stalin's mass deportations and executions.[citation needed] By 1989, minorities constituted more than one-third of the population, as the number of non-Estonians had grown almost fivefold.

Questions:
What period did the amount of ethnic Estonians drop by 61%?
What trend caused the drop of ethnic Estonians?
Who ordered large scales of deportations and executions?
What year did minorities in Estonia make up more than a third of the country?
Between 1948 and 1958, the Jewish population rose from 800,000 to two million. Currently, Jews account for 75.4% of the Israeli population, or 6 million people. The early years of the State of Israel were marked by the mass immigration of Holocaust survivors in the aftermath of the Holocaust and Jews fleeing Arab lands. Israel also has a large population of Ethiopian Jews, many of whom were airlifted to Israel in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Between 1974 and 1979 nearly 227,258 immigrants arrived in Israel, about half being from the Soviet Union. This period also saw an increase in immigration to Israel from Western Europe, Latin America, and North America.

Questions:
What years did the Jewish population rise from 800,000 to two million?
What is the population of Israel?
Between 1974 and 1979, how many immigrants arrived in Israel?
Between 1949 and the 1980s, telephone communications in Greece were a state monopoly by the Hellenic Telecommunications Organization, better known by its acronym, OTE. Despite the liberalization of telephone communications in the country in the 1980s, OTE still dominates the Greek market in its field and has emerged as one of the largest telecommunications companies in Southeast Europe. Since 2011, the company's major shareholder is Deutsche Telekom with a 40% stake, while the Greek state continues to own 10% of the company's shares. OTE owns several subsidiaries across the Balkans, including Cosmote, Greece's top mobile telecommunications provider, Cosmote Romania and Albanian Mobile Communications.

Questions:
Who ran the phones in Greece between 1949 and the 1980s?
What was the Hellenic Telecommunications Organization better known by the acronym of?
When did the liberalization of the telephone communications in Greece happen?
What company has a 40% stake in OTE?
How many shares of OTE does the Greek state own?
Between 1963 and 1965, there was a "downtown boom" that led to the construction of more than 700 buildings in the city. In 1968, Virginia Commonwealth University was created by the merger of the Medical College of Virginia with the Richmond Professional Institute. In 1970, Richmond's borders expanded by an additional 27 square miles (70 km2) on the south. After several years of court cases in which Chesterfield County fought annexation, more than 47,000 people who once were Chesterfield County residents found themselves within the city's perimeters on January 1, 1970. In 1996, still-sore tensions arose amid controversy involved in placing a statue of African American Richmond native and tennis star Arthur Ashe to the famed series of statues of Confederate heroes of the Civil War on Monument Avenue. After several months of controversy, the bronze statue of Ashe was finally completed on Monument Avenue facing the opposite direction from the Confederate Heroes on July 10, 1996.

Questions:
When did the so-called downtown boom in Richmond end?
About how many structures were built in Richmond during the downtown boom?
What combined with the Richmond Professional Institute to form Virginia Commonwealth University?
In what direction did Richmond's borders expand in 1970?
People of what county did not want to join Richmond circa 1970?
Between 1975 and 2009, Olympic Airways (known after 2003 as Olympic Airlines) was the country’s state-owned flag carrier, but financial problems led to its privatization and relaunch as Olympic Air in 2009. Both Aegean Airlines and Olympic Air have won awards for their services; in 2009 and 2011, Aegean Airlines was awarded the "Best regional airline in Europe" award by Skytrax, and also has two gold and one silver awards by the ERA, while Olympic Air holds one silver ERA award for "Airline of the Year" as well as a "Condé Nast Traveller 2011 Readers Choice Awards: Top Domestic Airline" award.

Questions:
What was Olympic Airways known as after 2003?
What was Olympic Airlines relaunched as in 2009?
What airlines was award the "Best regional airline in Europe" award by Skytrax?
What does Olympic Air hold a silver ERA award for?
What year did Olympic Air receive an award as Top Domestic Airline?
Between 1985 and 2015, Israel sent 24 delegations of IDF search and rescue unit to 22 countries. In Haiti, immediately following the 2010 earthquake, Israel was the first country to set up a field hospital capable of performing surgical operations. Israel sent over 200 medical doctors and personnel to start treating injured Haitians at the scene. At the conclusion of its humanitarian mission 11 days later, the Israeli delegation had treated more than 1,110 patients, conducted 319 successful surgeries, delivered 16 births and rescued or assisted in the rescue of four individuals. Despite radiation concerns, Israel was one of the first countries to send a medical delegation to Japan following the earthquake and tsunami disaster. Israel dispatched a medical team to the tsunami-stricken city of Kurihara in 2011. A medical clinic run by an IDF team of some 50 members featured pediatric, surgical, maternity and gynecological, and otolaryngology wards, together with an optometry department, a laboratory, a pharmacy and an intensive care unit. After treating 200 patients in two weeks, the departing emergency team donated its equipment to the Japanese.

Questions:
How many delegations of IDF search and rescue units between 1985 and 2015?
How many doctors did Israel send to Haiti?
How many patients did Israeli doctors treat in Japan?
Between 1993 and 1996, the FBI increased its counter-terrorism role in the wake of the first 1993 World Trade Center bombing in New York City, New York; the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; and the arrest of the Unabomber in 1996. Technological innovation and the skills of FBI Laboratory analysts helped ensure that the three cases were successfully prosecuted. Justice Department investigations into the FBI's roles in the Ruby Ridge and Waco incidents were found to be obstructed by agents within the Bureau. During the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia, the FBI was criticized for its investigation of the Centennial Olympic Park bombing. It has settled a dispute with Richard Jewell, who was a private security guard at the venue, along with some media organizations, in regard to the leaking of his name during the investigation.

Questions:
When did the FBI increase it's counter-terrorism role?
What prompted the FBI increase in counter-terrorism?
Where was the World Trade Center?
When was Oklahoma city bombed?
What did agents within the FBI do to investigations of the agency?
Between 1996 and 2004, the population of the city increased by 4.9 per cent—the tenth biggest increase in England. In 2005 the Government Statistics stated that Southampton was the third most densely populated city in the country after London and Portsmouth respectively. Hampshire County Council expects the city's population to grow by around a further two per cent between 2006 and 2013, adding around another 4,200 to the total number of residents. The highest increases are expected among the elderly.

Questions:
By what percentage did the population of Southampton increase from 1996 to 2004?
What's the only other city in England besides Portsmouth more densely populated than Southampton?
What organization anticipated an additional 2% population growth from 2006 to 2013?
What age segment of the population of Southampton is projected to increase the most?
How many more residents would Southampton have if the population grew by 2%, as the council expected?
Between 1999 and 2006, Bicycling magazine named Boston three times as one of the worst cities in the US for cycling; regardless, it has one of the highest rates of bicycle commuting. In 2008, as a consequence of improvements made to bicycling conditions within the city, the same magazine put Boston on its "Five for the Future" list as a "Future Best City" for biking, and Boston's bicycle commuting percentage increased from 1% in 2000 to 2.1% in 2009. The bikeshare program called Hubway launched in late July 2011, logging more than 140,000 rides before the close of its first season. The neighboring municipalities of Cambridge, Somerville, and Brookline joined the Hubway program in summer 2012.

Questions:
Bicycling magazine named Boston one of the worst cities in the US for what?
What magazine put Boston on its Future best City For Biking list?
What is the name of the bike share program in Boston?
What year did Hubway launch?
How many rides did Hubway log in its first year?
Between 2000 and 2004 an average of 478 crimes were reported each day in Mexico City; however, the actual crime rate is thought to be much higher "since most people are reluctant to report crime". Under policies enacted by Mayor Marcelo Ebrard between 2009 and 2011, Mexico City underwent a major security upgrade with violent and petty crime rates both falling significantly despite the rise in violent crime in other parts of the country. Some of the policies enacted included the installation of 11,000 security cameras around the city and a very large expansion of the police force. Mexico City has one of the world's highest police officer-to-resident ratios, with one uniformed officer per 100 citizens.

Questions:
How many crimes occurred around the turn of the latest century? 
Why might more than 500 crimes have occurred each day at the turn of the century instead of the officially reported number?
What Mexican mayor tried to crack down on crime immensely? 
What is one way the city tried to combat crime?
What is the ratio of cops to citizens in Mexico City?
Between 2005 and 2006, Queen + Paul Rodgers embarked on a world tour, which was the first time Queen toured since their last tour with Freddie Mercury in 1986. The band's drummer Roger Taylor commented; "We never thought we would tour again, Paul [Rodgers] came along by chance and we seemed to have a chemistry. Paul is just such a great singer. He's not trying to be Freddie." The first leg was in Europe, the second in Japan, and the third in the US in 2006. Queen received the inaugural VH1 Rock Honors at the Mandalay Bay Events Center in Las Vegas, Nevada, on 25 May 2006. The Foo Fighters paid homage to the band in performing "Tie Your Mother Down" to open the ceremony before being joined on stage by May, Taylor, and Paul Rodgers, who played a selection of Queen hits.

Questions:
Between what years did Queen and Paul Rodgers first embark on a world tour?
Where was the first leg of Queen's mid 2000s tour with Paul Rodgers?
What is the name of Queen's drummer?
Where did Queen receive the inaugural VH1 Rock Honors?
Between 2005 and 2011, Greece has had the highest percentage increase in industrial output compared to 2005 levels out of all European Union members, with an increase of 6%. Eurostat statistics show that the industrial sector was hit by the Greek financial crisis throughout 2009 and 2010, with domestic output decreasing by 5.8% and industrial production in general by 13.4%. Currently, Greece is ranked third in the European Union in the production of marble (over 920,000 tons), after Italy and Spain.

Questions:
What did Greece have the highest percentage increase in between 2005 and 2011?
What was the increase of Greece's industrial output between 2005 and 2011?
What did the industrial production in Greece fall by due to the financial crisis?
What is Greece ranked in the EU in the production of marble?
How many tons of marble does Greece produce?
Between 2007 and 2013, Estonia receives 53.3 billion kroons (3.4 billion euros) from various European Union Structural Funds as direct supports by creating the largest foreign investments into Estonia ever. Majority of the European Union financial aid will be invested into to the following fields: energy economies, entrepreneurship, administrative capability, education, information society, environment protection, regional and local development, research and development activities, healthcare and welfare, transportation and labour market.

Questions:
How much money did Estonia receive from European Union Structural Funds between 2007 and 2013?
What year was the start of investments from the European Union Structural Funds?
What year was the end of investments from the European Union Structural Funds?
Between 301 and 219 BCE the Ptolemies ruled Judea in relative peace, and Jews often found themselves working in the Ptolemaic administration and army, which led to the rise of a Hellenized Jewish elite class (e.g. the Tobiads). The wars of Antiochus III brought the region into the Seleucid empire; Jerusalem fell to his control in 198 and the Temple was repaired and provided with money and tribute. Antiochus IV Epiphanes sacked Jerusalem and looted the Temple in 169 BCE after disturbances in Judea during his abortive invasion of Egypt. Antiochus then banned key Jewish religious rites and traditions in Judea. He may have been attempting to Hellenize the region and unify his empire and the Jewish resistance to this eventually led to an escalation of violence. Whatever the case, tensions between pro and anti-Seleucid Jewish factions led to the 174–135 BCE Maccabean Revolt of Judas Maccabeus (whose victory is celebrated in the Jewish festival of Hanukkah).

Questions:
What was the Jewish elite class called?
Judea was brought into the Seleucid empire by which leader?
When did Jerusalem fall to Antiochus III?
What victorious uprising is celebrated in the Jewish festival Hanukkah?
What years were the Maccabean Revolt of Judas Maccabeus?
Between 64 and 104 major aftershocks, ranging in magnitude from 4.0 to 6.1, were recorded within 72 hours of the main quake. According to Chinese official counts, "by 12:00 CST, November 6, 2008 there had been 42,719 total aftershocks, of which 246 ranged from 4.0 MS to 4.9 MS, 34 from 5.0 MS to 5.9 MS, and 8 from 6.0 Ms to 6.4 MS; the strongest aftershock measured 6.4 MS." The latest aftershock exceeding M6 occurred on August 5, 2008.

Questions:
How many aftershocks were there?
When were the aftershocks recorded?
When did the latest magnitude 6 aftershock occur?
How many aftershocks were there within 72 hours?
What do the Chinese say is the total number of shocks after the quake?
What did the strongest aftershock measure?
How many shocks ranged from 4.0 MS to 4.9 MS?
At what date did the most recent aftershock above 6 MS occur?
Between 7 September 1940 and 21 May 1941, 16 British cities suffered aerial raids with at least 100 long tons of high explosives. Over a period of 267 days, London was attacked 71 times, Birmingham, Liverpool and Plymouth eight times, Bristol six, Glasgow five, Southampton four, Portsmouth and Hull three and a minimum of one large raid on eight other cities. This was a result of a rapid escalation starting on 24 August 1940, when night bombers aiming for RAF airfields drifted off course and accidentally destroyed several London homes, killing civilians, combined with the UK Prime Minister Winston Churchill's retaliatory bombing of Berlin on the following night.[clarification needed]

Questions:
What was the beginning date of the aerial raids on Great Britain?
How many days did the aerial raids on Great Britain last?
How many times was London attacked?
Who was the UK Prime Minster at the time of the aerial raids?
What city did Winston Churchill bomb in retaliation for the killing of civilians?
Between AD 300 and 1300 in the northern part of the state along the wide, fertile valley on the San Miguel River the Casas Grandes (Big Houses) culture developed into an advanced civilization. The Casas Grandes civilization is part of a major prehistoric archaeological culture known as Mogollon which is related to the Ancestral Pueblo culture. Paquime was the center of the Casas Grandes civilization. Extensive archaeological evidence shows commerce, agriculture, and hunting at Paquime and Cuarenta Casas (Forty Houses).

Questions:
In which region of the state did culture develop?
To what does Casas Grandes translate in English?
Which prehistoric culture did Casas Grandes stem from?
What city was the center of the Casas Grandes civilization?
To what does Cuarenta Casas translate in English?
Between April 1877 and February 1878, she threatened five times to abdicate while pressuring Disraeli to act against Russia during the Russo-Turkish War, but her threats had no impact on the events or their conclusion with the Congress of Berlin. Disraeli's expansionist foreign policy, which Victoria endorsed, led to conflicts such as the Anglo-Zulu War and the Second Anglo-Afghan War. "If we are to maintain our position as a first-rate Power", she wrote, "we must ... be Prepared for attacks and wars, somewhere or other, CONTINUALLY." Victoria saw the expansion of the British Empire as civilising and benign, protecting native peoples from more aggressive powers or cruel rulers: "It is not in our custom to annexe countries", she said, "unless we are obliged & forced to do so." To Victoria's dismay, Disraeli lost the 1880 general election, and Gladstone returned as prime minister. When Disraeli died the following year, she was blinded by "fast falling tears", and erected a memorial tablet "placed by his grateful Sovereign and Friend, Victoria R.I."

Questions:
Who did Victoria try to convince Disraeli  to act against during the Russo-Turkish war?
What impact did Victorias threats have on the impact of the Russo=Turkish war?
What Disraeli policy did Victoria endorse?
Who lost the Disraeli general election in 1880?
Who returned as prime minister when Disraeli lost the general election in 1880?
What caused Queen Victoria to threaten to abdicate five times? 
What ended the Russo-Turkish War?
Why did Queen Victoria want to take over other countries? 
Who was elected Prime Minister after Disareli lost the election in 1880?
To whom did Queen Victoria dedicate a memorial after his death for grateful service? 
What position did Victoria take on how to be a successful and top notch power?
Who won the 1880 general election?
What conflicts can be attributed to Disraeli's stance on foreign policy?
What did Victoria place to memorialize Disraeli?
Between January and May 1673, the Dutch East India Company forcibly took the island, before English reinforcements restored English East India Company control. The company experienced difficulty attracting new immigrants, and sentiments of unrest and rebellion fomented among the inhabitants. Ecological problems, including deforestation, soil erosion, vermin and drought, led Governor Isaac Pyke to suggest in 1715 that the population be moved to Mauritius, but this was not acted upon and the company continued to subsidise the community because of the island's strategic location. A census in 1723 recorded 1,110 people, including 610 slaves.

Questions:
What did the English East India Company have difficulty attracting?
What problems lead to a suggesting to relocate the population?
What was the name of the governor who suggested relocating the population of Saint Helena?
What was the location that was suggested the population be moved too?
How many slaves were on the island in 1723?
Between October 14–16, 1964, Leonid Brezhnev and a small cadre of high-ranking Communist Party officials, deposed Khrushchev as Soviet government leader a day after Voskhod 1 landed, in what was called the "Wednesday conspiracy". The new political leaders, along with Korolev, ended the technologically troublesome Voskhod program, cancelling Voskhod 3 and 4, which were in the planning stages, and started concentrating on the race to the Moon. Voskhod 2 would end up being Korolev's final achievement before his death on January 14, 1966, as it would become the last of the many space firsts that demonstrated the USSR's domination in spacecraft technology during the early 1960s. According to historian Asif Siddiqi, Korolev's accomplishments marked "the absolute zenith of the Soviet space program, one never, ever attained since." There would be a two-year pause in Soviet piloted space flights while Voskhod's replacement, the Soyuz spacecraft, was designed and developed.

Questions:
Korolev died on what date?
Between Second and Third Avenues, 21st Street is alternatively known as Police Officer Anthony Sanchez Way. Along the northern perimeter of Gramercy Park, between Gramercy Park East and Gramercy Park West, 21st Street is known as Gramercy Park North.

Questions:
Which Street is also known as Police Officer Anthony Sanchez Way?
What is 21st Street known as along the northern perimeter of Gramercy Park?
Between what avenues is 21st Street known by Police Officer Anthony Sanchez Way?
Which police officer does a section of 21st Street refer to?
Between the 16th century and 19th century, the traditional Armenian homeland composed of Eastern Armenia and Western Armenia came under the rule of the Ottoman and successive Iranian empires, repeatedly ruled by either of the two over the centuries. By the 19th century, Eastern Armenia had been conquered by the Russian Empire, while most of the western parts of the traditional Armenian homeland remained under Ottoman rule. During World War I, Armenians living in their ancestral lands in the Ottoman Empire were systematically exterminated in the Armenian Genocide. In 1918, after the Russian Revolution, all non-Russian countries declared their independence from the Russian empire, leading to the establishment of the First Republic of Armenia. By 1920, the state was incorporated into the Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, and in 1922 became a founding member of the Soviet Union. In 1936, the Transcaucasian state was dissolved, transforming its constituent states, including the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic, into full Union republics. The modern Republic of Armenia became independent in 1991 during the dissolution of the Soviet Union.

Questions:
Which two empires ruled Armenia between the 16 and 19th Century?
Who took over Eastern Armenia in the 19th century?
When did the Armenian Genocide occure?
When did Armenia become part of the Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic?
When did Armenia gain its independence?
Between the 1992–93 season and the 2012–13 season, Premier League clubs had won the UEFA Champions League four times (as well as supplying five of the runners-up), behind Spain's La Liga with six wins, and Italy's Serie A with five wins, and ahead of, among others, Germany's Bundesliga with three wins (see table here). The FIFA Club World Cup (or the FIFA Club World Championship, as it was originally called) has been won by Premier league clubs once (Manchester United in 2008), and they have also been runners-up twice, behind Brazil's Brasileirão with four wins, and Spain's La Liga and Italy's Serie A with two wins each (see table here).

Questions:
How many times have Premier League teams have won the Champions League since 1992-2013?
How many times has the Premier League won the World Cup (FIFA Club) during that same time period?
How many times have Premier League teams been runners up in the World Cup?
How many times did Premier League clubs win the Champions League between 1992 and 2013?
How many runners up in the Champions League were from the Premier League between 1992 and 2013?
Which league had the most Champions League wins between 1992 and 2013?
Which league had the second most Champions League wins between 1992 and 2013?
Which league had only three Champions League wins between 1992 and 2013?
Between the 5th and 8th centuries, new peoples and individuals filled the political void left by Roman centralised government. The Ostrogoths settled in Italy in the late 5th century under Theoderic (d. 526) and set up a kingdom marked by its co-operation between the Italians and the Ostrogoths, at least until the last years of Theodoric's reign. The Burgundians settled in Gaul, and after an earlier realm was destroyed by the Huns in 436 formed a new kingdom in the 440s. Between today's Geneva and Lyon, it grew to become the realm of Burgundy in the late 5th and early 6th centuries. In northern Gaul, the Franks and Britons set up small polities. The Frankish Kingdom was centred in north-eastern Gaul, and the first king of whom much is known is Childeric (d. 481).[G] Under Childeric's son Clovis (r. 509–511), the Frankish kingdom expanded and converted to Christianity. Britons, related to the natives of Britannia — modern-day Great Britain — settled in what is now Brittany.[H] Other monarchies were established by the Visigoths in Iberia, the Suevi in north-western Iberia, and the Vandals in North Africa. In the 6th century, the Lombards settled in northern Italy, replacing the Ostrogothic kingdom with a grouping of duchies that occasionally selected a king to rule over them all. By the late 6th century this arrangement had been replaced by a permanent monarchy.

Questions:
In what century did the Ostrogoths arrive in Italy?
What Ostrogothic leader led his people into Italy?
Who destroyed the Burgundian kingdom in 436?
In what part of Europe did the Burgundians settle?
Who was the first notable king of the Franks?
Between the 8th and 18th centuries, the use of glazed ceramics was prevalent in Islamic art, usually assuming the form of elaborate pottery. Tin-opacified glazing was one of the earliest new technologies developed by the Islamic potters. The first Islamic opaque glazes can be found as blue-painted ware in Basra, dating to around the 8th century. Another contribution was the development of stone-paste ceramics, originating from 9th century Iraq. Other centers for innovative ceramic pottery in the Old world included Fustat (from 975 to 1075), Damascus (from 1100 to around 1600) and Tabriz (from 1470 to 1550).

Questions:
What type of ceramic art was popular from the 8th to the 18th century in the art of Islam?
Which ceramic glazing was developed by those potters which were Islamic?
Where would one find the earliest examples of opaque glazes in the Muslim world?
Around when were the first opaque glazes developed?
Where were stone-paste ceramics invented?
Between the German invasion of Poland on 1 September 1939 and the Anglo-French declaration of War against the German Reich on 3 September 1939, the entire city (a total of 120,000 people) was evacuated, like other border towns as well. Until the arrival of the Wehrmacht troops mid-June 1940, the city was, for ten months, completely empty, with the exception of the garrisoned soldiers. The Jews of Strasbourg had been evacuated to Périgueux and Limoges, the University had been evacuated to Clermont-Ferrand.

Questions:
Who invaded Poland on 1 September 1939? 
How many people were evacuated during the invasion?
What troops arrived in mid-June 1940?
How long was the city completely empty?
Where was the University evacuated?
Between the third and fourth sessions the pope announced reforms in the areas of Roman Curia, revision of Canon Law, regulations for mixed marriages involving several faiths, and birth control issues. He opened the final session of the council, concelebrating with bishops from countries where the Church was persecuted. Several texts proposed for his approval had to be changed. But all texts were finally agreed upon. The Council was concluded on 8 December 1965, the Feast of the Immaculate Conception.

Questions:
What did Paul VI enact between the third and fourth ecumenical sessions?
What does the Catholic church considered "mixed" in a "mixed marriage"?
What is celebrated in the Catholic calendar the 8 of December? 
In what year was Paul Vi's final counsel session?
With whom did Paul VI celebrate surviving persecution in other countries?
Between two thirds and three quarters of the population live in urban areas. Switzerland has gone from a largely rural country to an urban one in just 70 years. Since 1935 urban development has claimed as much of the Swiss landscape as it did during the previous 2,000 years. This urban sprawl does not only affect the plateau but also the Jura and the Alpine foothills and there are growing concerns about land use. However, from the beginning of the 21st century, the population growth in urban areas is higher than in the countryside.

Questions:
How much of the Swiss population live in urban areas?
From the beginning of the 21st century, how does the population growth in urban areas compare to the countryside?
How many years did it take Switzerland to go from a largely urban country to a rural one?
Bewick then describes an experiment which succeeded in keeping swallows alive in Britain for several years, where they remained warm and dry through the winters. He concludes:

Questions:
Who describes an experiment with swallows?
Where did this experiment take place?
How did the experiment succeed?
How long did the birds stay alive?
Beyoncé Giselle Knowles was born in Houston, Texas, to Celestine Ann "Tina" Knowles (née Beyincé), a hairdresser and salon owner, and Mathew Knowles, a Xerox sales manager. Beyoncé's name is a tribute to her mother's maiden name. Beyoncé's younger sister Solange is also a singer and a former member of Destiny's Child. Mathew is African-American, while Tina is of Louisiana Creole descent (with African, Native American, French, Cajun, and distant Irish and Spanish ancestry). Through her mother, Beyoncé is a descendant of Acadian leader Joseph Broussard. She was raised in a Methodist household.

Questions:
Beyonce's younger sibling also sang with her in what band?
Where did Beyonce get her name from?
What race was Beyonce's father?
Beyonce's childhood home believed in what religion?
Beyonce's father worked as a sales manager for what company?
Beyonce's mother worked in what industry?
What younger sister of Beyonce also appeared in Destiny's Child?
Beyonce is a descendent of what Arcadian leader?
What company did Beyoncé's father work for when she was a child?
What did Beyoncé's mother own when Beyoncé was a child?
What is the name of Beyoncé's younger sister?
Beyoncé is a descendant of which Acadian leader?
Beyoncé was raised in what religion?
Beyoncé Giselle Knowles-Carter (/biːˈjɒnseɪ/ bee-YON-say) (born September 4, 1981) is an American singer, songwriter, record producer and actress. Born and raised in Houston, Texas, she performed in various singing and dancing competitions as a child, and rose to fame in the late 1990s as lead singer of R&B girl-group Destiny's Child. Managed by her father, Mathew Knowles, the group became one of the world's best-selling girl groups of all time. Their hiatus saw the release of Beyoncé's debut album, Dangerously in Love (2003), which established her as a solo artist worldwide, earned five Grammy Awards and featured the Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles "Crazy in Love" and "Baby Boy".

Questions:
When did Beyonce start becoming popular?
What areas did Beyonce compete in when she was growing up?
When did Beyonce leave Destiny's Child and become a solo singer?
In what city and state did Beyonce  grow up? 
In which decade did Beyonce become famous?
In what R&B group was she the lead singer?
What album made her a worldwide known artist?
Who managed the Destiny's Child group?
In what city did Beyonce grow up?
What was the name of Beyonce's first solo album?
On what date was Beyonce born?
What is Beyonce's full name?
When did Beyoncé rise to fame?
What role did Beyoncé have in Destiny's Child?
What was the first album Beyoncé released as a solo artist?
When did Beyoncé release Dangerously in Love?
How many Grammy awards did Beyoncé win for her first solo album?
What was Beyoncé's role in Destiny's Child?
What was the name of Beyoncé's first solo album?
When did Beyoncé release her first solo album?
Beyoncé and her mother introduced House of Deréon, a contemporary women's fashion line, in 2005. The concept is inspired by three generations of women in their family, the name paying tribute to Beyoncé's grandmother, Agnèz Deréon, a respected seamstress. According to Tina, the overall style of the line best reflects her and Beyoncé's taste and style. Beyoncé and her mother founded their family's company Beyond Productions, which provides the licensing and brand management for House of Deréon, and its junior collection, Deréon. House of Deréon pieces were exhibited in Destiny's Child's shows and tours, during their Destiny Fulfilled era. The collection features sportswear, denim offerings with fur, outerwear and accessories that include handbags and footwear, and are available at department and specialty stores across the US and Canada.

Questions:
House of Dereon became known through Beyonce and which of Beyonce's relatives?
Beyonce's grandma's name was?
Beyonce's family's company name is what?
What types of garments are sold by Beyonce's clothing line?
Which two countries can you purchase Beyonce's clothing line?
Who partnered with Beyonce to start the clothing line, Dereon?
When did Beyonce and her mother start Dereon?
Who was the business named for in Beyonce's family?
Where were items from the clothing line displayed?
Who shares in the House of Deréon fashion line introduction with Beyoncé?
What is the name of the House of Deréon junior collection?
Beyoncé and husband Jay Z are friends with President Barack Obama and First Lady Michelle Obama. She performed "America the Beautiful" at the 2009 presidential inauguration, as well as "At Last" during the first inaugural dance at the Neighborhood Ball two days later. Beyoncé and Jay Z held a fundraiser at the latter's 40/40 Club in Manhattan for Obama's 2012 presidential campaign which raised $4 million. Beyoncé uploaded pictures of her paper ballot on Tumblr, confirming she had voted in support for the Democratic Party and to encourage others to do so. She also performed the American national anthem at his second inauguration, singing along with a pre-recorded track. She publicly endorsed same sex marriage on March 26, 2013, after the Supreme Court debate on California's Proposition 8. In July 2013, Beyoncé and Jay-Z attended a rally in response to the acquittal of George Zimmerman for the shooting of Trayvon Martin.

Questions:
Beyonce and Jay-Z went to a rally for the acquittal of whom?
Beyonce sang which song during the 2009 presidential inauguration?
How much did Beyonce raise for Obama at the 40/40 Club?
What did she endorse on March 26, 2013?
What did they attend in July 2013?
What did she sing at the 2009 Presidential Inauguration?
What song did Beyoncé perform at the 2009 inauguration of Obama?
What song did Beyoncé perform at the first inaugural dance for the Obamas.
What social media platform did Beyoncé upload a picture of her paper ballot on?
When did Beyoncé endorse on March 26, 2013?
Beyoncé announced a hiatus from her music career in January 2010, heeding her mother's advice, "to live life, to be inspired by things again". During the break she and her father parted ways as business partners. Beyoncé's musical break lasted nine months and saw her visit multiple European cities, the Great Wall of China, the Egyptian pyramids, Australia, English music festivals and various museums and ballet performances.

Questions:
Beyonce would take a break from music in which year?
Which year did Beyonce and her father part business ways?
Which famous landmark did Beyonce see in China?
In what year did Beyonce have her hiatus?
Who inspired this hiatus?
When did she stop using her father as a manager?
How long did the hiatus last?
What did Beyoncé announce in January 2010?
Who suggested the hiatus for Beyoncé?
Who did Beyoncé part ways with during her hiatus?
How long did her hiatus last?