teleren/devto huggingface dataset:
Korelasi antara Black Box Testing, TDD dan BDD
Tags: testing, development, qa
Published: 2024-07-10 06:47:20

## Black Box Testing
Black box testing adalah metode pengujian perangkat lunak di mana penguji tidak mengetahui struktur internal atau implementasi dari aplikasi yang diuji. Fokusnya adalah pada input dan output dari sistem, bukan bagaimana sistem tersebut bekerja di dalamnya. Pengujian ini bertujuan untuk memvalidasi fungsionalitas aplikasi berdasarkan persyaratan yang telah ditentukan.

**Ciri-ciri Black Box Testing**:
**Tidak perlu tau detail implementasi**: Penguji tidak perlu tahu bagaimana kode ditulis atau bagaimana logika internal bekerja.
**Fokus pada fungsionalitas**: Penguji mengevaluasi apakah aplikasi berfungsi sesuai dengan spesifikasi dan persyaratan.
**Berdasarkan spesifikasi**: Pengujian dilakukan dengan mengacu pada dokumen spesifikasi dan kebutuhan bisnis.

## Test-Driven Development (TDD)
Test-Driven Development (TDD) adalah pendekatan pengembangan perangkat lunak di mana pengembang menulis tes otomatis sebelum menulis kode yang diujinya. Proses ini melibatkan siklus berulang yang dikenal sebagai **“Red-Green-Refactor”**:

**Red**: Menulis tes yang gagal karena fitur belum diimplementasikan.
**Green**: Menulis kode minimal yang membuat tes berhasil.
**Refactor**: Merapikan kode dengan tetap memastikan bahwa semua tes tetap berhasil.
Dalam konteks TDD, black box testing dapat digunakan untuk menulis tes yang berfokus pada perilaku fungsional dari komponen aplikasi tanpa memperhatikan implementasi detailnya. Dengan demikian, TDD membantu memastikan bahwa setiap unit kode berfungsi sesuai harapan sebelum melanjutkan pengembangan lebih lanjut.

## Behavior-Driven Development (BDD)
Behavior-Driven Development (BDD) adalah pendekatan pengembangan perangkat lunak yang mengembangkan TDD dengan lebih menekankan kolaborasi antara tim Dev, tim QA dan Product Owner. BDD menggunakan bahasa yang lebih mudah dimengerti oleh semua pihak untuk menulis spesifikasi tes, sering kali dalam bentuk **Given-When-Then**.

## Given-When-Then:
**Given**: Keadaan awal sebelum aksi dilakukan.
**When**: Aksi atau peristiwa yang memicu suatu perilaku.
**Then**: Hasil atau reaksi yang diharapkan dari aksi tersebut.

BDD menggabungkan black box testing dalam cara penulisan spesifikasi yang fokus pada perilaku sistem berdasarkan persyaratan bisnis tanpa perlu memahami detail implementasi teknisnya. Tes BDD sering kali ditulis dalam bahasa yang mudah dimengerti oleh orang-orang non-teknis.

## Hubungan antara Black Box Testing, TDD, dan BDD
jika dilihat dari pendekatan yang digunakan ketika mengetes sistem dengan TDD dan BDD maka dapat dikatakan bahwa keduanya merupakan implementasi dari Black Box Testing.
AI Financial Navigator 4.0: Revolutionizing Investment Strategies
Tags: aifinancialnavigator
Published: 2024-07-10 06:52:11

**AI Financial Navigator 4.0: Revolutionizing Investment Strategies**
Back in 2018, Cillian Miller began refining an artificial intelligence trading system built upon the robust framework of quantitative trading. As scholars, tech savants, and experts rallied under his leadership, the DB Wealth Institute birthed 'AI Financial Navigator 1.0'. This system enhanced the quirks of quantitative models, making them swifter, smarter, more efficient.

![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/j481huw16pzeov2upd2d.jpg)
AI Financial Navigator 1.0 thrived on rules and pattern matching, incorporating knowledge-based reasoning and expert systems. Yet, its prowess faltered when facing complex, nebulous issues. Eager to transcend these limits, the expert team at DB Wealth Institute sought novel approaches, evolving into the machine learning marvels of AI Financial Navigator 2.0. This iteration learned from vast data troves, using deep learning to delve deeper, building multilayer neural networks to unearth sophisticated insights, sparking breakthroughs aplenty.
Building on this foundation, AI Financial Navigator 3.0 introduced enhanced perception and adaptability. It could sense the world through data, adjusting its actions and decisions based on this influx, becoming a versatile aide in our ever-shifting reality.
Now, behold AI Financial Navigator 4.0, where AI's prowess spans the entire financial sector, merging with the Internet of Things, cloud computing, and big data to craft intelligent solutions. This era features a quartet of systems: the Trading Signal Decision System, Ai Programmatic Trading System, Investment Strategy Decision System, and Expert and Investment Advisory System - each a titan in the realm of trade and investment.
Looking forward, these systems promise profound investment outcomes:
1. The Trading Signal Decision System sharpens our instincts, signaling buy-sell points with over 90% accuracy.
2. The Ai Programmatic Trading System, once parameters are set, autonomously executes trades, ensuring stable profits.
3. The Investment Strategy Decision System analyzes mainstream market investments through big data, providing precise strategies for emerging opportunities.
4. The Expert and Investment Advisory System, powered by renowned investment gurus, guides elite clients and future funds in strategic investment planning.
The fusion of artificial intelligence with blockchain is poised to transform lifestyles. United with the collective expertise of DB Wealth Institute, the AI Financial Navigator 4.0 investment system is set to shatter the confines of traditional investment, heralding a new era of financial mastery.
Design Patterns in C#: Modern and Easy Singletons
Tags: designpatterns, csharp, dotnet, tutorial
Published: 2024-07-10 06:58:00

In this video, we dive deep into design patterns in programming with a focus on the Singleton Design Pattern in C#. Understanding design patterns is crucial for writing clean code and adhering to design principles. The Singleton Pattern, one of the most popular Gang of Four design patterns, ensures a class has only one instance and provides a global point of access to it.

**We’ll cover:**

- What is the Singleton Design Pattern and why it's important
- How to implement the Singleton Pattern in C#
- Key concepts like lazy initialization, lazy loading, and dotnet lazy async
- Practical examples of singleton c# implementation
- Lazy initialization in C# and its benefits

Whether you're a beginner or an experienced developer, this video will help you understand the Singleton Design Pattern and how to apply it effectively in your projects. Enhance your software design pattern skills with real-world examples and best practices.

{% embed https://youtu.be/OBlLuIPsOpI?si=clzRe-qEjSwpwG4H %}

Don’t forget to like, share, and subscribe for more content on C# design patterns and design patterns in C#!
Bridging Buyers and Sellers: The Role of Market-Making Bots
Tags: marketmakingbot, cryptomarketmakingbot
Published: 2024-07-10 06:59:27


Imagine you're at a bustling farmers' market, and there are stalls everywhere. Now, think of each stall as a cryptocurrency exchange, and the fruits and vegetables are different cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, Ethereum, and so on.

A **market-making bot** that will be developed by Crypto Market Making Bot Development Company is like a super-smart stall owner who knows how to keep the market lively and balanced. Its main job is to buy and sell crypto at just the right times to make sure there's always enough supply and demand, which helps keep prices stable.

In **[Market Making Bot Development](https://www.clarisco.com/crypto-market-making-bot-development)**, developers focus on building bots that can place two kinds of orders on the exchange – bid orders (buy orders) and ask orders (sell orders).

Here’s how it works: The bot places two kinds of orders on the exchange – bid orders (buy orders) and ask orders (sell orders). Think of bid orders as the bot saying, “I’ll buy apples for $1 each,” and ask orders as “I’ll sell apples for $1.10 each.” The bot does this for many different cryptos at once, constantly adjusting its prices based on market conditions.

The cool thing about these bots is their speed and efficiency. They can analyze massive amounts of market data in real time, something that would be impossible for a human to do. They look at things like current prices, trading volumes, and order books to decide the best prices to buy and sell.

The goal of the market-making bot is to make small profits on the difference between the buy and sell prices, known as the spread. So, if the bot buys Bitcoin for $30,000 and sells it for $30,100, it makes a $100 profit. By doing this hundreds or thousands of times a day, those small profits add up.

But it’s not just about making money. These bots also play a crucial role in keeping the market liquid. Liquidity means there are always enough buyers and sellers, so trades can happen quickly without causing big price changes. This is super important because it makes trading smoother and more reliable for everyone.

Of course, running a market-making bot isn’t without its challenges. Because of its extreme volatility, prices in the cryptocurrency market can fluctuate greatly. The bot has to be smart enough to adapt to sudden changes and avoid getting caught in large price drops or spikes. Plus, it needs to manage risks like slippage (when prices change before an order is filled) and market manipulation.

**[Crypto Market Maker Bot Development](https://www.clarisco.com/crypto-market-making-bot-development)** is an evolving concept nowadays. In a nutshell, a Crypto Market Making Bot is like a tireless, super-smart trader that helps keep the market moving smoothly while making small profits along the way.
Demystifying the AI Black Box: Anthropic’s Breakthrough in Understanding AI
Published: 2024-07-10 07:06:14

Anthropic AI Black Box: Large language models (LLMs) have taken the world by storm, churning out everything from captivating poems to realistic code. But for all their impressive feats, these marvels of AI have remained shrouded in secrecy. Until now.

## Frontier AI: Pushing the Boundaries

Imagine the cutting edge of artificial intelligence. Not your smartphone assistant, but models that break new ground, pushing the very limits of what’s possible. This is the realm of frontier AI Black Box, characterized by cutting-edge research, advanced capabilities, and the potential to revolutionize various fields.

Yet, a major hurdle has plagued these advancements: a lack of transparency. LLMs, despite their brilliance, have been opaque, their inner workings a baffling black box.

## Mechanistic Interpretability: Unveiling the Secrets Within

This is where mechanistic interpretability steps in. It’s the detective work of AI, the quest to understand how these complex models tick. By peering inside the machinery, researchers hope to predict and ultimately steer AI Black Box behavior. It’s about identifying the hidden gears and levers that drive these powerful systems.

## Anthropic AI Black Box: A Pioneer in Transparency

Anthropic, a prominent player in the AI Black Box game, has made a groundbreaking discovery. Their research offers a glimpse into the mysterious workings of LLMs, illuminating the intricate dance of data processing and output generation. This newfound understanding is critical for guiding AI development and preventing potential pitfalls.

## The Art of Data Compression: The Core of LLM Intelligence

At the heart of LLMs lies a fascinating concept: data compression. These models are masters of distilling vast amounts of information into a compact, usable form. It’s not just about efficiency; it’s a sign of intelligence. By grasping the essence of information, LLMs can produce remarkably relevant outputs, all without resorting to rote memorization.

Read full blog by click on this link - https://hyscaler.com/insights/anthropic-cracks-ai-black-box/
🚀 Enhance Your Laravel Projects with Effective Test Cases! 🚀
Tags: laravel, php, testing, codequality
Published: 2024-07-10 07:09:25

**In the fast-paced world of web development, ensuring the reliability and quality of your applications is crucial. Writing effective test cases in Laravel not only helps catch bugs early but also makes your codebase more maintainable and robust. Here are some tips to get you started:**

-  **Start with Feature Tests**: Laravel's feature tests allow you to test entire routes or controllers. They are great for ensuring your application behaves as expected from a user's perspective.

```
public function test_home_page_loads_correctly()
{
    $response = $this->get('/');
    $response->assertStatus(200);
    $response->assertSee('Welcome to Laravel');
}

```

-  **Utilize Factory and Seeder Classes**: Use Laravel's factories and seeders to generate test data. This ensures your tests are reliable and can be easily reproduced.

```
public function test_user_creation()
{
    $user = User::factory()->create();
    $this->assertDatabaseHas('users', ['email' => $user->email]);
}

```

- **Leverage PHPUnit Assertions**: Laravel's testing suite extends PHPUnit, offering powerful assertions for your test cases.

```
public function test_post_creation()
{
    $response = $this->post('/posts', [
        'title' => 'Test Post',
        'body' => 'This is a test post.',
    ]);
    $response->assertStatus(201);
    $this->assertDatabaseHas('posts', ['title' => 'Test Post']);
}

```
- **Mocking and Stubbing**: Laravel makes it easy to mock objects and stub methods using the built-in Mockery library. This is particularly useful for isolating the unit under test.

```
public function test_service_method_called()
{
    $mock = Mockery::mock(Service::class);
    $mock->shouldReceive('method')->once()->andReturn(true);
    $this->app->instance(Service::class, $mock);

    $response = $this->get('/some-endpoint');
    $response->assertStatus(200);
}

```
- **Automate with CI/CD**: Integrate your test suite with a Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) pipeline. This ensures your tests run automatically with each code change, maintaining code quality and reducing manual testing effort.

Writing test cases might seem daunting initially, but it pays off by catching bugs early and providing confidence in your code. Start incorporating these best practices in your Laravel projects and watch the quality of your codebase improve! 🌟
Learn How To Build Library Management System With Charts From Scratch Using React (Video Tutorial)
Tags: react, javascript
Published: 2024-07-10 07:14:44

{% embed https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pzHLYs-e3eI %}

In this 1+ hour video tutorial, you will learn to build a [library management system](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HHAr_NlsDFY) application from scratch using React, Supabase, Shadcn/ui, and React Query.

## What's Included

This application includes the following screens:

1. Dashboard - To see a list of all books with filter and pagination functionality
    
2. Add Book - A way to add a new book
    
3. Students List - To see a list of all students with filter and pagination functionality
    
4. Add Student - A way to add a new student
    
5. Issue Book - A way to assign a new book to a student (a maximum of 10 books can be issued to each student)
    
6. Return Book - A way to return an already issued book from a student
    
7. Student Analytics - A way to see a list of all books assigned to students searchable by student ID
    
8. Books Chart - A bar chart showing books assigned to students that are searchable by student ID. The chart shows how many books are issued per month and the list of books issued, on click on each bar from the bar chart
    
9. Forgot password. - A way to reset the password if ever forgotten
    

## Technologies Used

For this application, we're using:

1. React for building Frontend
    
2. [Supabase](https://supabase.com/) is a database for storage and authentication - available for free
    
3. [Shadcn/ui](https://ui.shadcn.com/) library which is the most popular and highly customizable component library that uses [Tailwind CSS](https://tailwindcss.com/) for styling
    
4. [TanStack Query ( React Query )](https://tanstack.com/query/latest) - The most popular React library for implementing caching to avoid fetching data on every page visit
    

> As we're using React, we don't have to worry about hosting as we can host on any hosting provider like Netlify, Vercel, AWS or any of your favorite hosting providers.

As we're using the [Shadcn/ui](https://ui.shadcn.com/) library, we can also easily customize the application to the theme or colors of our choice.

## Thanks for Reading!

Want to stay up to date with regular content regarding JavaScript, React, and Node.js? [Follow me on LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/in/yogesh-chavan97/).

* My Courses: [https://courses.yogeshchavan.dev/](https://courses.yogeshchavan.dev/)
    
* My Blog: [https://blog.yogeshchavan.dev/](https://blog.yogeshchavan.dev/)
    
* My LinkedIn: [https://www.linkedin.com/in/yogesh-chavan97/](https://www.linkedin.com/in/yogesh-chavan97/)
    
* My GitHub: [https://github.com/myogeshchavan97/](https://github.com/myogeshchavan97)
Seeking a Proven React Template for an E-commerce Website
Published: 2024-07-10 07:17:21

Hello,

I'm looking for a tried-and-tested React template for an e-commerce platform focused on buying, selling, and trading. If anyone has experience with React templates that have been used successfully in commercial websites, please share your experiences.

I need a template that is easy to work with and supports features like complete product management, financial transactions, and communication between buyers and sellers.

If you could also share links to websites that have been created using this template, it would be extremely helpful.

Thank you!
Understanding 'any', 'unknown', and 'never' in TypeScript
Tags: webdev, typescript, javascript, programming
Published: 2024-07-10 07:32:28

TypeScript offers a robust type system, but certain types can be confusing, namely `any`, `unknown`, and `never`. Let's break them down for better understanding.

## The `any` Type
The `any` type is the simplest of the three. It essentially disables type checking, allowing a variable to hold any type of value. For example:

``` ts
let value: any;
value = 42;             // number
value = "Hello";        // string
value = [1, 2, 3];      // array
value = () => {};       // function
value = { key: "val" }; // object
value = new Date();     // date
```

In all these cases, TypeScript does not raise any errors, allowing us to perform any operation on the variable without type constraints. This can be useful when migrating a JavaScript project to TypeScript. However, relying on `any` negates the benefits of type safety, making it a poor choice in most cases. Instead, consider using unknown.

## The `unknown` Type
The `unknown` type is safer than `any` because it requires type checks before performing operations. It represents the set of all possible values, but with type safety enforced.

```ts
let value: unknown;
value = 42;
value = "Hello";

// To perform operations, we need to narrow down the type
if (typeof value === "number") {
  console.log(value + 1); // TypeScript knows value is a number here
}

```
Using `unknown` is beneficial for functions that accept any type of input, like logging functions, as it enforces type checks before proceeding with operations.

## The `never` Type
The `never` type represents the empty set of values, indicating that something should never occur. No value can be assigned to a `never` type, making it useful for exhaustive checks and representing unreachable code.

```ts
type User = { type: "admin" } | { type: "standard" };

function handleUser(user: User) {
  switch (user.type) {
    case "admin":
      // handle admin
      break;
    case "standard":
      // handle standard
      break;
    default:
      const _exhaustiveCheck: never = user;
      // This ensures all cases are handled
  }
}

```
If a new user type is added, TypeScript will raise an error, ensuring that all cases are addressed, making `never` invaluable for maintaining exhaustive checks in your code.

## Conclusion
Understanding `any`, `unknown`, and `never` enhances TypeScript's type safety. Use `any` sparingly, preferring `unknown` for safer type checks, and leverage `never` for exhaustive checks and unreachable code. These types, when used correctly, make TypeScript a powerful tool for building reliable applications.
Happy coding!
Shopify Theme Development Company
Tags: mobile, development, softwaredevelopment
Published: 2024-07-10 07:23:58



![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/0gwgsngtnvrnav2a3408.png)
Transform your online store with custom Shopify themes! Our infographic explores the benefits and features that enhance performance, user experience, and security. Dive into the world of scalable, mobile-optimized themes tailored for your business needs. Learn more: https://mobisoftinfotech.com/services/shopify/theme-development
JS Introduction
Tags: javascript, programming, webdev, beginners
Published: 2024-07-10 07:24:15

1. **JavaScript** was created by **Brendan Eich** in **1995**. He developed it while working at **Netscape Communications Corporation**. The language was initially called **Mocha**, then renamed to **LiveScript**, and finally to **JavaScript**. The first version of JavaScript was included in **Netscape Navigator 2.0**, which was released in **December 1995**.

2. A computer program is a list of **instructions** to be **executed** by a computer. In a programming language, these programming instructions are called **statements**. A **JavaScript program** is a list of **programming statements**. 

3. JavaScript **statements** are composed of **Values**, **Operators**, **Expressions**, **Keywords**, and **Comments**.

4. An **expression** is a combination of **values**, **variables**, and **operators**, which computes to a value The computation is called an evaluation. 
 
5. The JavaScript syntax defines **two types** of **values**- 
**Fixed values** (**Literals**) and **Variable values** **(Variables)**

6. JavaScript can **display** data in different ways - 
    **innerHTML, document.write(), window.alert(), console.log(), window.print()**

7. **var** = Declares a variable. 
   **let** = Declares a block variable.
   **const** = Declares a block constant.

8. **if** = Marks a block of statements to be executed on a condition.
 **switch** = Marks a block of statements to be executed in different cases.
**for** = Marks a block of statements to be executed in a loop.
**function** = Declares a function.
**return** = Exits a function.
**try** = Implements error handling to a block of statements. 

9. JavaScript uses the keywords **var**, **let** and **const** to declare variables. **Arithmetic operators** ( + - * / ) to compute values. 
**Assignment operator** ( = ) to assign values to variables. 

10.  // **Single Line Commnet**
    /*
        **Multi Line
        Comments**
    */
Speed Gate Turnstile for Efficient Passenger Processing at Major KSA Airports
Tags: turnstile, accesscontrol, speedgates, technology
Published: 2024-07-10 07:24:31

A speedy and efficient processing of passengers is essential to ensure smooth operation at large airports across the KSA including Riyadh International Airport, Jeddah International Airport and Dammam International Airport. [Speed Turnstiles](https://www.expediteiot.com/smart-turnstile-system-in-saudi-qatar-and-oman/) are a crucial element in the management of passenger flow improving security, as well as making travel easy.