Why You Should Try Theme UI
Tags: css, react, typescript, nextjs
Published: 2021-01-19 12:30:17

Today, we have a bunch of technologies to create interactive UI in React. But, the library that I work recently open my eyes to a easy way of UI engineering and Design management, Theme UI.

In my case, I mostly used it with [Next.js](https://nextjs.org/) and Typescript, but it's possible to use with CRA and [Gatsby](https://theme-ui.com/packages/gatsby-plugin/).

Theme UI provide us components, theming and the **sx**  prop.

# Theming

Theme UI works with **ThemeProvider**. It's possible to use a different provider anywhere we want, but in the mostly case there's a global ThemeProvider that wrap the entire App.

The **ThemeProvider**  has a required prop, **theme**. That prop expect an object that you can include custom colors, typography, layout values and custom style variants, (e.g **button.primary**, **input.error**).

```js
// example theme.ts
export default {
  fonts: {
    body: "system-ui, sans-serif",
    heading: '"Avenir Next", sans-serif',
    monospace: "Menlo, monospace",
  },
  colors: {
    text: "#000",
    background: "#fff",
    primary: "#33e",
  },
  styles: {
    colors: {
      background: "#fff",
      primary: "#e1c539",
      black: "#262626",
      lightGray: "#e8e8e8",
      mediumGray: "#c2c4c4",
      darkGray: "#50515F",
    },
    button: {
      primary: {
        backgroundColor: "primary",
      },
      secondary: {
        backgroundColor: "mediumGray",
      },
    },
  },
};

``` 

A great way to architect that is encapsulate the **ThemeProvider** in a provider file.

```tsx
import React from "react";
import { ThemeProvider } from "theme-ui";
import theme from "./theme";

type ProviderProps = {
  children?: React.ReactNode;
};

const Provider = ({ children }: ProviderProps) => {
  return (
    <ThemeProvider theme={theme}>
      {children}
    </ThemeProvider>
  );
}

export default Provider;
``` 

Now, just wrap your app in that provider. In Next.js, it's necessary to wrap the **Component** prop of  **_app** file.

```tsx
import React from 'react';
import ThemeProvider from '../styles/provider';
import { AppPropsType } from 'next/dist/next-server/lib/utils';

const App = ({ Component, pageProps }: AppPropsType) => {
  return (
    <ThemeProvider>
      <Component {...pageProps} />
    </ThemeProvider>
  );
};

export default App;
``` 

For complete how-to-implement the theme object, take a look at  [Theming Doc](https://theme-ui.com/theming).

# Components

Theme UI provide a lot of built-in UI components. That is, an abstraction of components necessary for the construction of a UI. Forgot about HTML tags, the Theme UI purpose is make you think that your page is a canvas.

```tsx
import React from "react";
import { Box, Flex, Text, Button } from "theme-ui";

const Example = () => {
  return (
    <Box p={4} bg="highlight">
      <Flex
        sx={{
          alignItems: "center",
        }}
      >
        <Text as="h2">Components</Text>
        <Button ml="auto">Beep</Button>
      </Flex>
    </Box>
  );
};

``` 

The components accepts layout props (e.g **padding or p**, **margin or m**, **color**, etc) and the default props: **as** (used for set the underlying HTML tag), **variant** (set the a predefined style) and **sx**.

# The **sx** Prop

That's the Golden eggs chicken. The **sx** Prop let you style inline any JSX element you want. 

Unlike React default inline **style** prop, with the **sx** it is possible to use values from your theme, reponsive values (**width: ['100%', '50%', '25%']**), media queries and CSS pseudo-class (e.g **:hover**, **:active**).

```tsx
import React from "react";
import { Box, Text } from "theme-ui";

const Example = () => {
  return (
    <Box
      sx={{
        padding: 3,
        bg: "primary",
        "&:hover": {
          bg: "highlight",
          cursor: "pointer",
        },
      }}
    >
      <Text
        as="h1"
        sx={{
          color: "black",
        }}
      >
        Hello
      </Text>
    </Box>
  );
};
``` 
# Dark mode

Dark mode it's the most expected feature from every UI that is used, in Theme UI was not different. 

To apply the dark mode it is quite simple and fast, just add Dark Mode colors on mode objects, in the style:

```ts
// style.ts
{
  colors: {
    text: '#000',
    background: '#fff',
    primary: '#07c',
    modes: {
      dark: {
        text: '#fff',
        background: '#000',
        primary: '#0cf',
      }
    }
  }
}
``` 
...and set with Color Modes hook provided.

```tsx
import React from "react";
import { Box, Text, Button, useColorMode } from "theme-ui";

export default (props) => {
  const [colorMode, setColorMode] = useColorMode();

  return (
    <Box as="header">
      <Button
        onClick={() => {
          setColorMode(colorMode === "default" ? "dark" : "default");
        }}
      >
        Dark Mode {colorMode === "default" ? "Dark" : "Light"}
      </Button>
    </Box>
  );
};
``` 

# Conclusion

Theme UI is a great alternative for your CSS-in-JS. I like it because I can do everything I want without work with any native CSS or other UI lib that is too much opinative.

With the sx prop, it's no more necessary to use Styled Components and that makes the code cleaner and more understandable. Also, the components purpose makes build the UI quick and easy.

Because all that, I really think you should try Theme UI.

Thanks for reading!

cya :)

## References

 [Theme UI Documentation
](https://theme-ui.com/)