React Conditional Rendering —  2
Tags: react, javascript, tutorial
Published: 2021-01-07 22:43:29

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We saw how a list of components is toggled based on certain conditions. In this article, different approaches will be used. The **if-else** statement and **switch statement**. You can also use the **if** statement with the **else-if** statement just like in Vanilla JavaScript. 

All Vanilla JavaScript can be used provided you are outside the **JSX** scope and the **return** keyword. That is, outside the root, parent component, and before the `return` keyword.

The example below is the code snippet in the previous article:

**App.js**
```jsx
import React from 'react';
import { useState } from 'react';
import Person from './Person/Person';
import bodyStyles from './body.module.css';

const App = () => {
  const [state, setState] = useState({
    persons: [
      { name: 'Bello', language: 'React', id: '2sdr3' },
      { name: 'Michael', language: 'Vue', id: 'de6c3' },
      { name: 'Mary', language: 'Angular', id: 'c1z3x' }
    ],
    showPersons: true
  });

  const personsToggleHandler = () => {
    const showCards = state.showPersons;
    setState((prevState) => ({
      ...prevState,
      showPersons: !showCards
    }))
  }

  const personsList = (
    <div>
      <Person
        name={state.persons[0].name}
        language={state.persons[0].language}
        id={state.persons[0].id} />
      <Person
        name={state.persons[1].name}
        language={state.persons[1].language}
        id={state.persons[1].id} />
      <Person
        name={state.persons[2].name}
        language={state.persons[2].language}
        id={state.persons[2].id} />
    </div>
  );

  return (
    <div className={bodyStyles.body}>
      <div className='Person-Container'>
        {
          state.showPersons ? personsList : null
        }
        <h3
          style={{
            textAlign: 'center',
            fontFamily: 'sans-serif'
          }}>Toggle Persons</h3>
      </div>

      <div className={bodyStyles.btns}>
        <button
          className={bodyStyles.button}
          onClick={personsToggleHandler}>Toggle Person Cards</button>
      </div>
    </div>
  );
};

export default App;
```

### If-else Statement

In React, *code outside of the JSX scope is Vanilla JavaScript*. This means we can use an alternative approach to check if a condition is true or false. Let's consider the **if-else** statement.

The code snippet below uses the if-else statement outside of the JSX scope.

```jsx
import React from 'react';
import { useState } from 'react';
import Person from './Person/Person';
import bodyStyles from './body.module.css';

const App = () => {
  const [state, setState] = useState({
    persons: [
      { name: 'Bello', language: 'React', id: '2sdr3' },
      { name: 'Michael', language: 'Vue', id: 'de6c3' },
      { name: 'Mary', language: 'Angular', id: 'c1z3x' }
    ],
    showPersons: true
  });

  const personsToggleHandler = () => {
    const showCards = state.showPersons;
    setState((prevState) => ({
      ...prevState,
      showPersons: !showCards
    }))
  }

  let personsList = '';
  if (state.showPersons) {
    personsList = (
      <div>
        <Person
          name={state.persons[0].name}
          language={state.persons[0].language}
          id={state.persons[0].id} />
        <Person
          name={state.persons[1].name}
          language={state.persons[1].language}
          id={state.persons[1].id} />
        <Person
          name={state.persons[2].name}
          language={state.persons[2].language}
          id={state.persons[2].id} />
      </div>
    )
  } else {
    personsList = '';
  }

  return (
    <div className={bodyStyles.body}>
      <div className='Person-Container'>
        {personsList}
        <h3
          style={{
            textAlign: 'center',
            fontFamily: 'sans-serif'
          }}>Toggle Persons</h3>
      </div>

      <div className={bodyStyles.btns}>
        <button
          className={bodyStyles.button}
          onClick={personsToggleHandler}>Toggle Person Cards</button>
      </div>
    </div>
  );
};

export default App;
```

### Ternary Expressions

An Expression can either be truthy or falsy after evaluation. 

The condition is evaluated if the `expression` is truthy, else ignored if it is false. It is the best alternative to **if-else** statements.

```
condition ? expression1 : expression2;
```

The code snippet in the **if-else** statement can be in form of a ternary expression as shown below:

**App.js**
```jsx
import React from 'react';
import { useState } from 'react';
import Person from './Person/Person';
import bodyStyles from './body.module.css';

const App = () => {
  const [state, setState] = useState({
    persons: [
      { name: 'Bello', language: 'React', id: '2sdr3' },
      { name: 'Michael', language: 'Vue', id: 'de6c3' },
      { name: 'Mary', language: 'Angular', id: 'c1z3x' }
    ],
    showPersons: true
  });

  const personsToggleHandler = () => {
    const showCards = state.showPersons;
    setState((prevState) => ({
      ...prevState,
      showPersons: !showCards
    }))
  }

  let personsList = false ?
    (
      <div>
        <Person
          name={state.persons[0].name}
          language={state.persons[0].language}
          id={state.persons[0].id} />
        <Person
          name={state.persons[1].name}
          language={state.persons[1].language}
          id={state.persons[1].id} />
        <Person
          name={state.persons[2].name}
          language={state.persons[2].language}
          id={state.persons[2].id} />
      </div>
    ) : state.showPersons;

  return (
    <div className={bodyStyles.body}>
      <div className='Person-Container'>
        {personsList}
        <h3
          style={{
            textAlign: 'center',
            fontFamily: 'sans-serif'
          }}>Toggle Persons</h3>
      </div>

      <div className={bodyStyles.btns}>
        <button
          className={bodyStyles.button}
          onClick={personsToggleHandler}>Toggle Person Cards</button>
      </div>
    </div>
  );
};

export default App;
```

### Switch statement
**Switch statement** is used to perform different actions based on different conditions. 

The example above uses the switch statement to perform an action based on the condition:

```jsx
import React from 'react';
import { useState } from 'react';
import Person from './Person/Person';
import bodyStyles from './body.module.css';

const App = () => {
  const [state, setState] = useState({
    persons: [
      { name: 'Bello', language: 'React', id: '2sdr3' },
      { name: 'Michael', language: 'Vue', id: 'de6c3' },
      { name: 'Mary', language: 'Angular', id: 'c1z3x' }
    ],
    showPersons: true
  });

  const personsToggleHandler = () => {
    const showCards = state.showPersons;
    setState((prevState) => ({
      ...prevState,
      showPersons: !showCards
    }))
  }

  let personsList;
  switch (state.showPersons) {
    case false:
      personsList = (
        <div>
          <Person
            name={state.persons[0].name}
            language={state.persons[0].language}
            id={state.persons[0].id} />
          <Person
            name={state.persons[1].name}
            language={state.persons[1].language}
            id={state.persons[1].id} />
          <Person
            name={state.persons[2].name}
            language={state.persons[2].language}
            id={state.persons[2].id} />
        </div>
      );
      break;
    default:
        personsList = true;

  }
  return (
    <div className={bodyStyles.body}>
      <div className='Person-Container'>
        {personsList}
        <h3
          style={{
            textAlign: 'center',
            fontFamily: 'sans-serif'
          }}>Toggle Persons</h3>
      </div>

      <div className={bodyStyles.btns}>
        <button
          className={bodyStyles.button}
          onClick={personsToggleHandler}>Toggle Person Cards</button>
      </div>
    </div>
  );
};

export default App;
``` 

{% stackblitz react-buxzhc %}

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