Working with Footnotes and Endnotes in Word in Java
Tags: java, word, footnotes, endnotes
Published: 2021-05-12 08:05:44

---
title: Working with Footnotes and Endnotes in Word in Java
published: true
description: This article elaborates how to add, format and remove footnotes and endnotes in a Word document programmatically in Java.
tags: Java, Word, footnotes, endnotes
//cover_image: https://direct_url_to_image.jpg
---

Footnotes and endnotes are commonly used to add supplemental information to the body text in Word documents. In this article, I am going to elaborate how to work with footnotes and endnotes, particularly, add, format and remove footnotes and endnotes in a Word document programmatically using [Free Spire.Doc for Java API](https://www.e-iceblue.com/Introduce/free-doc-for-java.html).

##Add Dependencies##

First of all, you need to add needed dependencies for including Free Spire.Doc for Java into your Java project. There are two ways to do that.

If you use maven, you need to add the following code to your project’s pom.xml file.
```java
<repositories>  
        <repository>  
            <id>com.e-iceblue</id>  
            <name>e-iceblue</name>  
            <url>http://repo.e-iceblue.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>  
        </repository>  
</repositories>  
<dependencies>  
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>e-iceblue</groupId>  
        <artifactId>Spire.Doc.free</artifactId>  
        <version>3.9.0</version>  
    </dependency>  
</dependencies>
```
For non-maven projects, download Free Spire.Doc for Java pack from [this website](https://www.e-iceblue.com/Download/doc-for-java-free.html) and add Spire.Doc.jar in the lib folder into your project as a dependency.

##Add Footnotes and Endnotes##

The **appendFootnote** method in **Paragraph** class provided by Free Spire.Doc for Java API is used for adding footnotes and endnotes. You can either add footnotes and endnotes to newly added text or add to existing text. In the following examples, I will show you how to add and format footnotes and endnotes using this API.

a. Add footnotes 

In the following code, you will see how to add footnotes to a particular text in a Word document.
```java
import com.spire.doc.*;
import com.spire.doc.documents.Paragraph;
import com.spire.doc.documents.TextSelection;
import com.spire.doc.fields.Footnote;
import com.spire.doc.fields.TextRange;

import java.awt.*;

public class AddFootnotes {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //Create a Document instance
        Document document = new Document();
        //Load a Word document
        document.loadFromFile("FootnoteExample.docx");

        //Find a particular text
        TextSelection selection = document.findString("Sample", false, true);

        //Add a footnote to the text
        TextRange text = selection.getAsOneRange();
        Paragraph paragraph = text.getOwnerParagraph();
        int index = paragraph.getChildObjects().indexOf(text);
        Footnote footnote = paragraph.appendFootnote(FootnoteType.Footnote);
        paragraph.getChildObjects().insert(index + 1, footnote);

        //Set Character format for the footnote content
        text = footnote.getTextBody().addParagraph().appendText("This is a footnote");
        text.getCharacterFormat().setBold(true);
        text.getCharacterFormat().setFontName("Arial");
        text.getCharacterFormat().setFontSize(11);
        text.getCharacterFormat().setTextColor(new Color(255, 140, 0));

        //Set Character format for the footnote separator
        footnote.getMarkerCharacterFormat().setFontName("Arial");
        footnote.getMarkerCharacterFormat().setFontSize(14);
        footnote.getMarkerCharacterFormat().setTextColor(new Color(0, 0, 139));

        //Save the document
        document.saveToFile("AddFootnote.docx", FileFormat.Docx_2013);
    }
}
```
**Result:**
![Add Footnote](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/0d9bd9zn6sh8mjpppyqm.png) 

b. Add endnotes

Adding endnotes to a particular text is similar with the above code. The following code introduces how to add endnotes to newly added text.
```java
import com.spire.doc.*;
import com.spire.doc.documents.BuiltinStyle;
import com.spire.doc.documents.Paragraph;
import com.spire.doc.fields.Footnote;
import com.spire.doc.fields.TextRange;

import java.awt.*;

public class AddEndNotes {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //Create a Document instance
        Document doc = new Document();
        //Add a section
        Section section = doc.addSection();
        //Add a paragraph
        Paragraph paragraph = section.addParagraph();
        //Add text to the paragraph
        paragraph.appendText("Microsoft Word is a word processor designed by Microsoft.");
        paragraph.applyStyle(BuiltinStyle.Heading_1);

        //Add an endnote to the paragraph
        Footnote endnote = paragraph.appendFootnote(FootnoteType.Endnote);
        //Add text to the endnote
        TextRange text = endnote.getTextBody().addParagraph().appendText("This is an endnote");

        //Set character format for the endnote content
        text.getCharacterFormat().setBold(true);
        text.getCharacterFormat().setFontName("Arial");
        text.getCharacterFormat().setFontSize(11);
        text.getCharacterFormat().setTextColor(new Color(255, 140, 0));

        //Set character format for the endnote separator
        endnote.getMarkerCharacterFormat().setFontName("Arial");
        endnote.getMarkerCharacterFormat().setFontSize(14);
        endnote.getMarkerCharacterFormat().setTextColor(new Color(0, 0, 139));

        //Save the document
        doc.saveToFile("AddEndnote.docx", FileFormat.Docx_2013);
    }
}
```
**Result:**
![Add Endnote](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/pqk7g3psg9yw5stk406c.png) 
##Remove Footnotes and Endnotes##

Below are the main steps and code to remove footnotes and endnotes from a Word document:

Step 1. Get the section in the document.
Step 2. Loop through the paragraphs in the section.
Step 3. Loop through the child objects in the paragraph and detect if the object is footnote.
Step 4. If yes, remove the object.

```java
import com.spire.doc.*;
import com.spire.doc.documents.Paragraph;
import com.spire.doc.fields.Footnote;
import com.spire.doc.fields.ParagraphBase;

public class RemoveFootnotesAndEndnotes {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Document document = new Document();
        document.loadFromFile("AddFootnote.docx");
        Section section = document.getSections().get(0);

        //Loop through the paragraphs in the section and find the footnote or endnote
        for (int i = 0; i < section.getParagraphs().getCount(); i++)
        {
            Paragraph para = section.getParagraphs().get(i);
            int index = -1;
            for (int j = 0, cnt = para.getChildObjects().getCount(); j < cnt; j++)
            {
                ParagraphBase pBase = (ParagraphBase)para.getChildObjects().get(j);
                if (pBase instanceof Footnote)
                {
                    index = j;
                    break;
                }
            }

            if (index > -1)
                //Remove the footnote or endnote
                para.getChildObjects().removeAt(index);
        }

        //Save the document
        document.saveToFile("Result.docx", FileFormat.Docx_2013);
    }
}
```
**Result**:
![Remove Footnote or Endnote](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/lep94kci0ijxzfeuyij9.png)