The Life Cycle of Technology
Tags: productivity, technology, lifecycle
Published: 2023-08-12 05:49:00

In this post, we are going to take a look at the life cycle of technology by having a brief look at the different stages a particular technology goes through in it's life time.

I came across this concept from a book of Ray Kurzweil, called `The Age of Spiritual Machines: When Computers Exceed Human Intelligence`


> “Technologies fight for survival, evolve, and undergo their own characteristic life cycle.”
> -- Ray Kurzweil

According to Kurzweil, there are 7 stages in the life cycle of a technology. They are:
- Precursor
- Invention
- Development
- Maturity
- Pretenders
- Obsolescence
- Antiquity

Let's take a brief look at each of the stages.

## Precursor
During the precursor stage, the essential prerequisites of a technology are present, and visionaries might contemplate the convergence of these components. Nevertheless, we do not equate envisioning with the act of inventing, even if these visions are documented.


![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/z43ox796ye1g8r7qv5nh.jpg)

The precursor stage of technology is akin to a realm of potential and imagination, where the seeds of innovation are first sown. Here, the essential elements and requirements of a new concept converge, inviting dreamers to envision the possibilities. However, it's important to note that while these dreams may be documented, the precursor stage is distinct from the actual act of invention, serving as a vital incubation period before the tangible journey of creation begins.

Leonardo Da Vinci drew convincing pictures of airplanes and automobiles, but he is not considered to have invented either


![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/nr3bfqcrv97dk9802q7v.jpg)


## Invention


The phase of invention stands out prominently in our culture, representing a succinct period comparable, in certain aspects, to the culmination of labor in childbirth. During this phase, the inventor melds curiosity, scientific acumen, unwavering resolve, and often a touch of flair, skillfully amalgamating techniques in a novel manner to give birth to a fresh technology.

![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/xq9f8lzole9e0e40mesy.jpg)


## Development

Following that is the development phase, wherein the invention finds itself sheltered and nurtured by devoted custodians (who might encompass the initial creator). Frequently, this phase holds greater importance than the act of invention itself, entailing supplementary crafting that can carry more profound implications than the original creation. Numerous tinkers had meticulously crafted manually adjusted motor vehicles, yet it was Henry Ford's pioneering introduction of mass production that paved the way for automobiles to establish themselves and thrive.

![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/xs86ael4b8vs3e2rdn87.jpg) 

The development phase of technology embodies a pivotal transition from concept to reality. Guided by dedicated guardians, which may include the original inventor, this stage sees the nurturing and protection of the nascent innovation. Often surpassing the significance of its initial invention, development involves meticulous refinement and additional creation, elevating the technology's potential impact. Just as Henry Ford's mass production revolutionized automobiles, this phase can lead to transformative breakthroughs, propelling the technology towards its destined place in society.

## Maturity
The fourth phase is the state of maturity. While it continues to undergo development, the technology has now acquired its own existence and stands as a self-reliant and entrenched component of the society. It might become so intricately woven into the tapestry of daily life that numerous onlookers perceive it as a lasting fixture, seemingly destined to endure indefinitely.

In the maturity stage of technology, while its integration and acceptance are widespread, several side effects can emerge:

1. **Dependency:** Over-reliance on mature technology can lead to a sense of dependency, making it challenging to adapt to alternatives or new advancements.

2. **Stagnation:** As technology matures, there might be a slowdown in innovation and creativity, potentially hindering further progress.

3. **Security Concerns:** Older technologies can become vulnerable to security breaches as they may not be equipped to handle modern cybersecurity threats.

4. **Environmental Impact:** Mature technologies might be less energy-efficient or environmentally friendly compared to newer, more sustainable alternatives.

5. **Economic Inertia:** Overemphasis on established technology could discourage investment in emerging sectors, stalling economic growth and diversification.

6. **Cultural Shifts:** The integration of mature technology can reshape societal norms and behaviors, leading to potential ethical or cultural challenges.

7. **Job Displacement:** Mature technologies reaching their peak could lead to job displacement in certain sectors, requiring reskilling or adaptation by the workforce.

8. **Obsolescence:** As newer technologies emerge, older ones might become obsolete, posing challenges for maintenance, support, and compatibility.

9. **Waste Generation:** Mature technologies can contribute to electronic waste and disposal issues as newer, more efficient options replace them.

10. **Health Concerns:** Long-term use of certain mature technologies could lead to health concerns, as more data becomes available about potential risks.

It's important to note that while these side effects exist, they might not be universal or severe in all cases. The impact of technology in the maturity stage varies depending on the specific context and the measures taken to mitigate potential negative outcomes.

## Pretenders
In this scenario, a newcomer emerges with the potential to overshadow the more established technology. Its devotees prematurely forecast its triumph. Despite offering certain unique advantages, upon closer examination, the emerging technology is discovered to lack a crucial aspect of functionality or excellence. As it inevitably falls short of displacing the established norm, proponents of the tried-and-true approach interpret this as confirmation that the original method is destined for perpetual existence. However, this triumph for the aging technology typically proves to be fleeting.

## Obsolescence
Not long after, it's customary for yet another emerging technology to effectively relegate the original technology to the realm of obsolescence. During this phase of its lifecycle, the technology experiences a gradual descent into decline, as its initial purpose and functionality are overshadowed by a more dynamic contender. This period, constituting approximately 5 to 10 percent of the overall lifecycle, ultimately gives way to the era of antiquity.

## Antiquity
The final resting ground for a technology is antiquity.
The antiquity of technology marks the culmination of its journey, a testament to the evolution of human ingenuity. In this revered era, once-revolutionary innovations become relics of the past, offering glimpses into the foundations upon which modern advancements were built. As we reflect on these ancient marvels, we gain insight into the remarkable progression of knowledge and the enduring legacy of creativity that has shaped our world. 


## References
- https://www.onlydeadfish.co.uk/only_dead_fish/2016/05/the-lifecycle-of-a-technology.html
- https://www.technologyreview.com/2004/05/01/232904/kurzweils-rules-of-invention/