Task 2
Published: 2023-12-18 17:03:52

**Testing techniques**
    

-  Technique is a procedure or way to test the software and testing is nothing but by comparing the actual and expected results of the test case.

-  Software tesing technique is helps to design the test case in such a way that minimal steps to write test cases are involved to test faster and capture maximum functionalities of the software.

**Different types of testing techniques**

1. Boundary Value Analysis
2. Equivalence Class Partitioning
2. Desition Table Analysis
3. Use case Testing
4. Linear code sequence and jump testing(LCSAJ)

**Boundary value Analysis** 

- This testing will be used to test at the boundaries between partitions. It includes maximum, minimum, inside or outside boundary, typical values and error values.
- It is used to identify errors at boudaries of defined input values rather than the center. 
- Where the test cases are selected at the edges of the values.
It is also known as Black box testing.

for example: lets take the condition between 1 to 10

         1 ___________________________10

here,                                 
outside boundary is 0          
mininum value is    1          
inside boudary is   2          

same
inside boundary is 9
maximum boundary is  10
outside boundary is 11

 Boundary values are 0,1,2 and 9,10,11

**Equivalence Class Partitioning**

-  It divides the input data into groups or set that the system behaviour is expected to be same. 
-  It is used in range of valid inputs like 1 to 10 and 20 to 30 and grouping into ... to 0, 1 to 10, 11 to 19, 20 to 30 and 31 to ... here to reduce the testcases instead of by using the BVA use ECP.
-  In this used to identify valid and invalid cases. It is also known as Black Box Testing.
Example test cases

--- to 0 (invalid)

1 to 10 (valid)

11 to 19 (invalid)

20 to 30 (valid)

31 to ... (invalid)

**Decision Table Analysis**

- It is used to test the combination of input condition that leads to different outcomes i.e multiple inputs can result in various behaiour.
- It is also known as Black Box testing or Cause effect table
**_Example_**
**if prime user**
A user is purchasing above 3000 --> 15% discount
A user is purchasing below 3000 --> 10% discount
**if non prime user**
A user is purchasing above 3000 --> 5% discount
A user is purchasing below 3000 --> 0 discount

Here combination is 
1 - prime/non prime user
2 - price

**Use Case Testing**

- It is used to tesing the behavious of the system by using the various transition between different state.
- By giving the positive and negative input values for evaluating the system behaviour
- It is also known as Grey box tesing

Example: ATM machine

Entering crt pin  ---> allows to take case
    |
    |
incorrect pin --> error msg and againg allow to enter pin
                             |
                             |
              if correct pin allows to take case 
              if incorrect pin again error msg and the card is blocked to take card.

**Error Guessing**
     It is based on guessing the error by using the experience to guess the problematic part of test application
Example 
a= ?, b = ?
a/b 
here if the denomination is '0' it throws the error

**LCSAJ Testing**

-  In this technique is used to test the entire program from begining to end of the program if it is branches to test the branches also.
-  It is also known as White Box testing.

Example: person eligible to vote or not by using the age.

               18 & above eligible to vote

     Age        

               less than 18

                      than it is 10 to 17 

               less than 10
                      than it goes to another bran 5 to 9

i.e it is going to test branch by branch