teleren/devto huggingface dataset:
PostgreSQL Memory Allocation: A Beginner's Guide
Tags: postgres, database, programming, tutorial
Published: 2023-08-16 07:53:45

Memory allocation plays a crucial role in the operation of any database system, and PostgreSQL is no exception. Just like how a chef needs an organized kitchen to prepare dishes efficiently, PostgreSQL needs memory organized in specific ways to process and manage data effectively. Let's dive into how PostgreSQL uses memory and why it matters.

## 1. How does PostgreSQL use memory?
###  a) Shared Buffers:
- What: This is a cache of disk pages that PostgreSQL uses to reduce the number of times it must read from or write to the disk.
- Why Important: Reading and writing directly to disk is slow. Shared buffers provide a space in memory for faster access, significantly speeding up operations.

###  b) WAL Buffers:
- What: Stands for Write-Ahead Logging buffers. They temporarily hold changes to data before it gets written permanently to storage.
- Why Important: This ensures data integrity. If the system crashes, PostgreSQL can use the WAL to restore the database to its last known consistent state.

###  c) Maintenance Work Mem:
- What: Memory used for maintenance operations such as vacuuming (cleaning up and optimizing database storage) and creating indexes.
- Why Important: Allocating adequate memory here ensures that maintenance operations, which are critical for long-term database health, run efficiently.

###  d) Work Mem:
- What: Used for internal operations like sorting and hashing during query processing.
- Why Important: If this is set too low, PostgreSQL might have to resort to disk-based temporary storage, slowing down query performance.

## 2. Why is Memory Allocation Important in Performance Tuning and Troubleshooting?
- Avoiding Disk Swaps: When memory is inadequately allocated, PostgreSQL might have to swap information to and from the disk more frequently. Disk operations are much slower than memory operations. Proper memory allocation can dramatically reduce these slow disk operations.

- Efficient Query Execution: Proper allocation can drastically speed up the execution of queries. For instance, if work_mem is set appropriately, sorts and hashes are done swiftly in memory.

- Troubleshooting Bottlenecks: Understanding memory usage can help pinpoint performance issues. If a certain operation is slower than expected, it's possible that there's not enough memory allocated for it, causing the system to revert to slower methods of operation.

- Preventing Crashes: Over-allocation can be just as problematic. If PostgreSQL consumes all available system memory, it could cause the system to become unresponsive or even crash.

## Conclusion:
Memory allocation in PostgreSQL isn't just about throwing more RAM at the database. It's about understanding the distinct ways PostgreSQL uses memory and fine-tuning them for your specific use case. As you delve deeper into PostgreSQL, you'll find that tweaking these settings, along with regular monitoring, can lead to significant performance gains and a smoother database experience. Happy tuning! 🐘
LAMP (Install Wordpress on Ubuntu using the terminal):
Tags: wordpress, linux, devops, php
Published: 2023-08-16 07:44:19

To install WordPress on Ubuntu using the terminal, you'll need to set up a LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP) stack, as WordPress is a PHP-based application that requires a web server and a database. Here are the steps to install WordPress:

1. **Update System Packages:**
   Open a terminal and run the following commands to update your system's package repositories and upgrade existing packages:

   ```bash
   sudo apt update
   sudo apt upgrade
   ```

2. **Install Apache Web Server:**
   Install the Apache web server by running:

   ```bash
   sudo apt install apache2
   ```

   After installation, Apache should start automatically. You can check its status using:

   ```bash
   sudo systemctl status apache2
   ```

3. **Install MySQL Database:**
   Install MySQL server and follow the prompts to set a root password:

   ```bash
   sudo apt install mysql-server
   ```

   Run the MySQL secure installation script to enhance security:

   ```bash
   sudo mysql_secure_installation
   ```

4. **Install PHP and Required Modules:**
   Install PHP and its required modules:

   ```bash
   sudo apt install php libapache2-mod-php php-mysql php-curl php-gd php-mbstring php-xml php-xmlrpc php-soap php-intl php-zip
   ```

5. **Configure Apache for PHP:**
   Enable the necessary Apache modules and restart Apache:

   ```bash
   sudo a2enmod php
   sudo systemctl restart apache2
   ```

6. **Download and Configure WordPress:**
   Navigate to your Apache web root directory:

   ```bash
   cd /var/www/html
   ```

   Download the latest WordPress release:

   ```bash
   sudo wget https://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz
   ```

   Extract the downloaded archive:

   ```bash
   sudo tar -xzvf latest.tar.gz
   ```

   Rename the WordPress directory:

   ```bash
   sudo mv wordpress your-site-name
   ```

   Set appropriate permissions:

   ```bash
   sudo chown -R www-data:www-data your-site-name
   ```

7. **Create MySQL Database and User:**
   Log in to MySQL:

   ```bash
   sudo mysql -u root -p
   ```

   Inside the MySQL shell, create a database and user for WordPress:

   ```sql
   CREATE DATABASE your_database_name;
   CREATE USER 'your_username'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'your_password';
   GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON your_database_name.* TO 'your_username'@'localhost';
   FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
   EXIT;
   ```

8. **Configure WordPress:**
   Open your web browser and navigate to your server's IP address or domain followed by the directory name where you installed WordPress (e.g., http://your_server_ip/your-site-name).

   Follow the WordPress setup instructions. Provide the database details you created earlier.

9. **Complete Installation:**
   Finish the WordPress installation through the web interface, setting up your admin account and site settings.

That's it! You've successfully installed WordPress on your Ubuntu system using the terminal.

## Try it YourSelf:
Cara Menginstal Java di Linux
Tags: java, export, bash
Published: 2023-08-16 07:37:52

Untuk menginstal Java dari berkas tar.gz, Anda perlu secara manual mengekstrak arsip tersebut, mengatur variabel lingkungan, dan mengonfigurasi sistem Anda untuk menggunakan instalasi Java yang diekstrak. Berikut adalah langkah-langkah untuk menginstal Java dari berkas tar.gz:

1. **Unduh Berkas Java Tarball:**
   Kunjungi situs resmi Oracle atau OpenJDK dan unduh arsip tar.gz Java untuk versi yang Anda inginkan. Sebagai contoh, Anda dapat mengunduh OpenJDK dari [situs AdoptOpenJDK](https://adoptopenjdk.net/).

2. **Ekstrak Arsip:**
   Buka terminal dan navigasi ke direktori di mana Anda mengunduh berkas tar.gz. Gunakan perintah berikut untuk mengekstrak arsip:

   ```bash
   tar -xzvf jdk-*.tar.gz
   ```

   Ganti `jdk-*.tar.gz` dengan nama sebenarnya dari berkas tar.gz yang diunduh.

3. **Pindahkan Folder yang Diekstrak:**
   Pindahkan folder yang diekstrak ke lokasi di mana Anda ingin menginstal Java. Sebagai contoh, Anda dapat memindahkannya ke `/opt`:

   ```bash
   sudo mv jdk-* /opt/
   ```

4. **Atur Variabel Lingkungan:**
   Anda perlu mengatur variabel lingkungan `PATH` dan `JAVA_HOME` untuk menunjuk ke instalasi Java. Buka berkas konfigurasi profil shell Anda (misalnya, `~/.bashrc`, `~/.zshrc`, atau `/etc/environment`) dan tambahkan baris berikut:

   ```bash
   export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk-*/    # Ganti dengan jalur sebenarnya
   export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
   ```

   Setelah menyimpan berkas tersebut, muat ulang profil shell Anda:

   ```bash
   source ~/.bashrc   # Atau berkas yang sesuai untuk shell Anda
   ```

5. **Verifikasi Instalasi:**
   Buka terminal baru dan verifikasi bahwa Java diinstal dengan benar:

   ```bash
   java -version
   ```

6. **Opsional: Konfigurasi Versi Java Default (Hanya Linux):**
   Jika Anda memiliki beberapa versi Java yang diinstal, Anda dapat menggunakan perintah `update-alternatives` pada sistem Linux untuk memilih versi default:

   ```bash
   sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /opt/jdk-*/bin/java 1
   sudo update-alternatives --config java
   ```

   Pilih versi Java default yang diinginkan dari daftar.

Itu dia! Anda telah berhasil menginstal Java dari berkas tar.gz. Ingat untuk mengganti `jdk-*` dengan nama sebenarnya dari folder yang diekstrak dan sesuaikan jalur sesuai preferensi instalasi Anda.
Sign your git commits, no-nonsense ! without “intro”, “why” & …
Tags: git, tutorial, signing, github
Published: 2023-08-16 07:37:34


![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/6jj7kzuc1g3oq7rajmms.png)

I’m not going into “why you should sign” and blah blah to make this post longer. Most people are here because they needed to sign their commits and they searched (mainly my self future!).

First, check your keys. Signing with SSH keys is easier because most people already do have their ssh keys & are using them to login into the github. So check the `~/.ssh/` directory for a pair of id_rsa and id_rsa.pub (or any other format of the key you have).

Second, tell the git command to use them for signing. In my case it would be:

```
git config --global gpg.format ssh
git config --global user.signingkey /home/jadi/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
```

Obviously your directory will be different and you may want to omit the --global to set the configuration only for the project you are in.

Next, sign your commits with the `-S` switch:

```
git add this_file that_file
git commit -S -m 'This is a signed commit'
```

you already have a commit and you need to sign it? use the `commit --amend -S`

Last step is adding this signing key to your github account. Go to the https://github.com/settings/keys, add the public key (so /home/jadi/.ssh/id_rsa.pub) in my case and save it as a signing key. This will lead to a verified badge near your signed commits.

Done.
Exciting news for Star Hotels!
Tags: hotel, business, softwaredevelopment
Published: 2023-08-16 07:31:01

Recently I had a Demo with Wincloudpms for one of my clients.  
I heard they Provide more than Five modules in a Single PMS. It's exciting news for Cloud [Hotel Property Management](https://www.wincloudpms.com/).


![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/x9lozpmx0t9tydeolye4.png)
How AI Tools can Increase Coding Productivity?
Tags: programming, ai, productivity
Published: 2023-08-16 07:30:09

We know that AI is here and it is not going anywhere. That's where the fear comes that it will diminish the entry-level jobs. Now, we have to wait to see what will happen eventually, but it's better to be prepared. That's where you need to learn to use AI.

I am not saying that you should start a course on Artificial Intelligence or Machine Learning. Where we need to focus is to learn how to incorporate AI Tools to increase Programming Productivity. 

**These AI-powered tools offer developers a wide range of benefits, from automating repetitive tasks to enhancing problem-solving capabilities.**

Here are 3 important AI Tools that you can use:

## 1) Bug Detection

Bugs are the biggest headache for every programmer and sometimes, it takes a lot of time to find and fix this thing. There are AI-powered static code analysis tools that can help you with identifying potential bugs smells in real-time. These tools leverage advanced algorithms to scan codebases for errors, which can help developers catch bug. This will decrease debugging time and increasing code quality.

## 2) Instant Code Generation

Sometimes, you will need some simple code instantly. Or you need a piece of code that is long and will take a long of time to write it. To solve this, you can take the help of [AI Code Generator](https://favtutor.com/ai-code-generator). These tools use GPT and Machine Learning to analyze existing codebases and generate new code snippets. You can also prompt it to write code according to your project. This way, routine coding tasks will take less time and effort.

## 3) Code Refactoring

Refactoring code for performance, maintainability, or other reasons is a critical aspect of software development. AI tools can analyze codebases to identify areas that could benefit from refactoring. They can even provide suggestions or automatically implement certain refactoring patterns, leading to cleaner and more efficient code.

Now you have all these AI tools in your hand and be a great coder in the AI century. Integrate AI tools into coding to increase your efficiency. AI-driven solutions are transforming the way we approach software development.
Optima Games - All the latest in gaming!
Tags: technology, guides, gamers, games
Published: 2023-08-16 07:29:51

Welcome to Optima Games, your quintessential portal to the world of gaming! Whether you’re a casual player looking for a quick tip, a hardcore gamer searching for an in-depth strategy, or someone in between, we've got you covered. Dive into our treasure trove of video game guides, expertly crafted to elevate your gameplay to legendary levels.

[https://optimagames.com](https://optimagames.com)
Fast Lean Pro Reviews - Fat Loss Benefits, Price, Results, Complaints & Warnings?
Tags: webdev, javascript, beginners, programming
Published: 2023-08-16 07:20:15

Together with the sins of [Fast Lean Pro Reviews](https://www.outlookindia.com/outlook-spotlight/fast-lean-pro-reviews-legit-or-scam-what-customer-have-to-says-fastlean-pro-dangers-and-risks-exposed--news-305393) holidays past morphing into New Year's settlements, you maybe be looking to create a fresh beginning for your scale. However, is your target realistic? There are several ways it could be actuated: proper nutrition, exercise and green leaf tea Fat Burner Supplement.  
[https://www.outlookindia.com/outlook-spotlight/fast-lean-pro-reviews-legit-or-scam-what-customer-have-to-says-fastlean-pro-dangers-and-risks-exposed--news-305393](https://www.outlookindia.com/outlook-spotlight/fast-lean-pro-reviews-legit-or-scam-what-customer-have-to-says-fastlean-pro-dangers-and-risks-exposed--news-305393)
Fast Lean Pro Reviews
Fast Lean Pro
Fast Lean Pro Benefits
https://www.pinterest.com/pin/976014550476622597/
https://www.instagram.com/rdsakhgta/
https://rdsakhgta.podbean.com/
https://soundcloud.com/fast-lean-pro-reviews-586075280/fastleanproinfo
https://www.scoop.it/topic/fast-lean-pro-reviews-by-fast-lean-pro-reviews-5
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/fast-lean-pro-reviews-fat-loss-results-benefits-side-pro-reviews/
https://www.crunchbase.com/event/fast-lean-pro-reviews-e6ce
https://techplanet.today/post/fast-lean-pro-reviews-fat-loss-supplement-pros-cons-results-customer-reviews
https://www.click.in/gurgaon/fast-lean-pro-reviews-fat-loss-benefits-price-results-c75-v53674145
https://medium.com/@fastleanprobuys/about
https://www.sportsblog.com/fastleanprofact/fast-lean-pro-reviews-fat-loss-results-reviews-benefits-how-does-it-work/
https://twitter.com/fastleanpr83546
Share Your Encounters with Sticky Coding Obstacles
Tags: codenewbie, beginners, discuss, career
Published: 2023-08-16 07:00:00

Have you ever faced a particularly challenging coding obstacle that seemed insurmountable? How did you approach it, and what strategies did you use to overcome it?

Follow the [CodeNewbie Org](https://dev.to/codenewbieteam) and [#codenewbie](https://dev.to/t/codenewbie) for more discussions and online camaraderie!

*{% embed* https://dev.to/codenewbieteam *%}*   

Image by <a href="https://www.freepik.com/free-vector/flat-hand-drawn-web-developers-illustration_12302679.htm#query=new%20coders&position=2&from_view=search&track=ais">Freepik</a>
Ctrl+Z to the Past: Time-Travelling to Your First Code Line
Tags: discuss, watercooler
Published: 2023-08-16 07:00:00

_We're going back to coding school with Nostalgia Bytes this week! Don't forget your TI calculators, Trapper Keepers, Lisa Frank folders, and USB drives. Each decade has its own story to tell. So get ready to relive the past and share your nostalgic memories with fellow developers!_

🤖 Time travel back to your first line of code: What would your past self say to your present self?

Follow the DEVteam for more discussions and online camaraderie!

{% embed [https://dev.to/devteam](https://dev.to/devteam) %}
Is knowing half the battle?
Tags: psychology, learning, discuss
Published: 2023-08-16 06:55:38

Science shows that it's [often not true](https://www.hbs.edu/ris/Publication%20Files/21-084_436ebba8-c832-4922-bb6e-49d000a77df3.pdf).

This is known as _G.I. Joe fallacy_ and is considered a psychological bias.

We know optical illusions, but they still trick our eyes; we know the .99 price tricks in the shops, but they still impact our behavior.

Knowing itself doesn't necessarily change our behavior. It may be worthless if we don't act on that new knowledge. If we don't deal with our habits and emotions which are a huge inertia.

So if You think You've learned something, but Your behavior didn't change, did You actually learn anything at all?
PAT TASK-4
Published: 2023-08-16 06:52:14

**What is manual testing**
Manual testing is a testing process that is carried out manually in order to find defects without the usage of tools or automation scripting. A test plan document is prepared that acts as a guide to the testing process in order to have the complete test coverage. At several stages of the software development life cycle, including unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and acceptance testing, manual testing can be carried out.

**Benefits of manual testing **
a)Human Intelligence: Manual testing requires human intelligence to develop test cases, identify faults, and judge the overall product quality. 

b)Adaptability: Manual testing is adaptable and can be utilized in a range of testing scenarios. Testers are able to modify test cases, as opposed to automated testing, which cannot be modified to meet changing software needs.

c)Cost-Effective: Manual testing is cost-effective, especially for small-scale projects or when there is no clear understanding of the system requirements.

**Drawbacks of manual testing**
a)Time-consuming: Manual testing requires time since test cases must be executed manually. Complex software program testing could take some time. 

b)Human Error: Human errors can happen when testing is done manually. By failing to test particular scenarios or by making mistakes when executing test cases, testers may come up with erroneous results. 

c)Expensive: Manual testing can be expensive, particularly for big projects or when frequent releases are required. It can raise testing costs because it calls for a sizable amount of resources, such as employees, time, and equipment.
PAT TASK-3
Published: 2023-08-16 06:41:11

**Functional Testing**
a) It is use to check the functionality of the software.
b) It validates the functional aspects of software.
c) It focuses on user requirement.
d) It can be easily done manually.
d) Types: Unit testing, Integration testing, System testing, UAT testing, Regression testing.

**Non Functional Testing**
a) It checks the performance of functionality of software.
b) It validates non functional aspects of the software.
c) It focuses on user expectation.
d) It requires automation.
d) Types: load test, stress test, spike test, volume test.
Getting Started with the .NET MAUI Popup Control
Tags: dotnet, csharp, dotnetmaui
Published: 2023-08-16 06:31:43

Learn how to create and configure the Syncfusion .NET MAUI Popup control in a .NET MAUI project using Visual Studio 2022. This control allows you to display an alert message with customized buttons or place any view you want inside a popup. You can also customize the popup's looks and functions. 

In this video, you will learn how to add the .NET MAUI Popup control to a .NET MAUI app and customize the position of the popup. I will also show you how to enable the footer button, close icon, and disable the header. Additionally, I will demonstrate how to customize the message and button text, as well as the appearance of the header, content, and footer. 

The .NET MAUI Popup can work like a special window that stops you from using the app until you close it. You can make it appear in different spots depending on the requirement of the application. These popups are split into parts: the header and the body part. You can change these by using a template. The popup lets you show information and messages. 

**Product overview**: https://www.syncfusion.com/maui-controls/maui-popup

**Tutorial videos**: https://www.syncfusion.com/tutorial-videos

**Download the getting started example from GitHub**: https://github.com/syncfusion/maui-demos/tree/master/MAUI/Popup/SampleBrowser.Maui.Popup/Samples/Popup/GettingStarted

{% youtube HTk6JAGP-qE %}
PAT TASK-2
Published: 2023-08-16 06:21:53

**BOUNDARY VALUE ANALYSIS**
Boundary value analysis is a type of black box or specification based testing technique in which tests are performed using the boundary values.
Boundary values are validated against both the valid boundaries and invalid boundaries.
EXAMPLE:
An exam has a pass boundary at 50 percent, merit at 75 percent and distinction at 85 percent. The Valid Boundary values for this scenario will be as follows:
49,50 for pass
74,75 for merit
84,85 for distinction

**USE CASE TESTING**
Use Case Testing is a functional black box testing technique that helps testers to identify test scenarios that exercise the whole system on each transaction basis from start to finish. Use Cases capture the interactions between 'actors' and the 'system'.

**LCSAJ TESTING**
LCSAJ stands for Linear Code Sequence and Jump, a white box testing technique to identify the code coverage, which begins at the start of the program or branch and ends at the end of the program or the branch.
100% LCSAJ means 100% Statement Coverage
100% LCSAJ means 100% Branch Coverage

**DECISION TABLE TESTING**
Decision table testing is a software testing technique used to test system behavior for different input combinations. This is a systematic approach where the different input combinations and their corresponding system behavior are captured in a tabular form.