Introduction to Web and HTML.
Tags: webdev, javascript, programming, beginners
Published: 2023-11-16 09:27:38

_Mainly web is WWW(World Wide Web or the web) is a system interconnected with documents and other resources like URL, hyperlinks. It is accessed via the internet using web browsers like Chrome, Firefox. It allows the user to navigate web pages.
Before going to what is server, client... we need to understand how web pages are created.
web pages created with the help of HTML(hypertext markup language), CSS(cascading style sheet) and JavaScript. But CSS and JavaScript help html for styling and add functionality so we can say that HTML is first step of web pages_ 

we can say that HTML is used to create web pages.
HTML describe the structure of web pages. It means HTML specifies the hierarchical structure of content and create relationship between the different part of a document. Before going to depth in html like tag, element, attributes, title etc. we need understand how this web pages work.

Now, it's time to understand the server and client.

**what is web server?**
A web server is a software application or a hardware device that stores, processes, and serves web pages to users over the internet.

**How It works?**
When a user requests a web page, The web server processes the request and sends the resources back to the user's browser.

**where web installed?**

Web server installed on physical machine or cloud server. common Web server is Apache, Nginx, and Microsoft IIS.
most of organization prefer Cloud servers because it provide scalability, flexibility, and the ability to pay for resources on a usage basis. Popular cloud providers include Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, and Google Cloud Platform (GCP).

**How Server receive data?**
Web servers receive data through HTTP requests. When a user accesses a webpage, their browser sends an HTTP request to the web server, which responds with the requested content.

**Connection with Client**
The client (browser) and server communicate via the HTTP/HTTPS protocol. The server sends HTML, CSS, and other files, and the client renders the webpage.

**Then one question arises is why we use C-panel to Manage server why we don't use Apache, Nginx directly.**
cPanel is a web hosting control panel that simplifies server management. It provides a user-friendly interface for tasks like website configuration, file management, and email setup.
In summary, a web server processes client requests, serves web content, is installed on dedicated machines, communicates with clients via HTTP, and popular servers include Apache, Nginx, and IIS. cPanel is a control panel for simplified server management in web hosting.
Mainly C panel is provided by web hosting company Godaddy ,Hostinger, Bluehost

**Then what is the difference between ,for example,hostinger and Apache?** 
**Hostinger is a web hosting company**. It provides services that allow individuals and organizations to make their websites accessible via the World Wide Web.
**Apache, on the other hand**, is a web server software. It's one of the most widely used web servers globally. Apache is responsible for handling incoming HTTP requests from clients (such as web browsers) and serving the requested web pages or resources.
When you host your website with a service like Hostinger, behind the scenes, the hosting infrastructure uses web server software to handle requests and serve web pages. Hostinger may use a variety of web server software, and Apache is one of the popular choices.

**This all discussion regarding hosting but again one concept left that how html pages work why only index.html is written.**
"index.html" serves as the default landing page of a website. When a user visits a website without specifying a particular file or page, the web server looks for "index.html" and, if found, sends it as a response.
This file typically contains the main content and structure of the website, and it's the starting point for users exploring the site.
"index.htm," "default.html," or "home.html" might also be considered default documents.

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