Transitioning from Vue 3 to Svelte: Unleashing Performance with Vanilla JavaScript (my take)
Published: 2023-07-12 03:58:49

**Introduction:**
In the ever-evolving landscape of web development, staying up to date with the latest frameworks and technologies is crucial. Vue.js has gained significant popularity due to its ease of use and powerful features. Because of this, a while back I went from vanilla javascript with Jquery and a template-based system over to Vue2 and eventually Vue3. However, for those seeking even greater performance gains and a more native development experience, transitioning from Vue 3 to Svelte can be a game-changer. In my case, going from a lighthouse performance score of 85 to 100. I want to be 100% honest though, this may not be an exact apples-to-apples comparison, as with my changes, I made some fairly large refactors, such as not loading my video file in the background until the play button is invoked, or using session caching on API calls to reduce network IO. In this article, I'll explore the struggle I faced while converting from my Vue 3 homepage, written using a CDN and a sprinkling of vanilla javascript, to a Svelte-based homepage. I'll try to help uncover the challenges, benefits, and the joy of embracing vanilla JavaScript in the form of Svelte, while making comparisons along the way.

**The Appeal of Performance:**
When it comes to web development, performance is a top priority. The Virtual DOM (VDOM) approach, employed by Vue.js and React, offers great flexibility and ease of development. However, it can come at the cost of performance. Svelte, on the other hand, takes a different approach by compiling components at build time, resulting in a smaller and more efficient bundle size. This shift from a VDOM-based framework to a more native one was a major appeal for me to undertake the transition. In comparison, Angular, while highly performant, brings a heavier framework with a steeper learning curve.

**The Conceptual Struggle:**
Vue.js, React, and Angular each have their own unique paradigms, which can make transitioning between them challenging. Moving to Svelte required a conceptual shift since it follows a different approach to building components. While Vue.js and React rely on a declarative approach, Svelte embraces a more imperative approach by directly manipulating the DOM. This shift challenged me to rethink my code structure and understand Svelte's component-based architecture. However, the effort was well worth it, as I discovered the true power of a lean, framework-agnostic approach.

**Embracing Vanilla JavaScript:**
One of the key aspects of Svelte that appealed to me was its use of vanilla JavaScript. Unlike Vue.js, React, and Angular, which introduce their own abstractions and syntax, Svelte leverages the full power of JavaScript without any additional layers. This made the transition easier for someone like me, who prefers working with vanilla JavaScript. I could utilize my existing knowledge and avoid the learning curve associated with a new framework-specific syntax. While React and Angular allow using JavaScript, they still come with additional concepts and patterns to learn.

**Assembling the Webpage:**
In Vue.js, React, and Angular, the process of assembling a webpage often involves defining components, writing templates, and wiring them together using directives or JSX. Svelte simplifies this process by allowing developers to work directly with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, resulting in a more intuitive development experience. The shift from Vue's template-centric approach or JSX in React and Angular to a markup-driven approach in Svelte felt right to me. I found myself enjoying the freedom to write clean, concise code that was easily maintainable and highly performant.

**Balancing Performance and Maintainability:**
While I loved programming in a more vanilla JavaScript way, I initially felt pressure to use an assembled webpage due to the native performance gains and more maintainable code it offered. I was already using somewhat of a framework-driven approach using Vue3's application framework, but felt I was losing performance in having unminimized code, and a framework I'd have to load every time my site was visited. Svelte's compilation process eliminates the need for a runtime framework, resulting in smaller bundle sizes and faster load times. Additionally, the markup-driven approach and absence of a virtual DOM in Svelte simplified the codebase and made it more maintainable. It allowed me to focus on the core functionality of my application without the overhead of managing a complex framework or having to load multiple javascript files in order to have my site work.

**Conclusion:**
Transitioning from Vue 3 to Svelte was not without its challenges, but it was a decision I made after thorough research and consideration. As someone who prefers programming in a more vanilla JavaScript way, I explored various frameworks like Next.js, Solid, and Qwik (all of which look like great options). However, after careful evaluation, I found that the transition to Svelte felt the most intuitive for converting my JavaScript/Vue 3 homepage.

Svelte's blend of performance, simplicity, and familiarity resonated with me. The conceptual shift and the freedom to work directly with HTML, SASS (after importing the Sass library), and JavaScript made the development process more enjoyable. The native performance gains and the more maintainable codebase were significant factors that influenced my decision.

While React and Angular have their strengths and are popular choices for many developers, Svelte provided the optimal balance for my needs. It empowered me to deliver a performant website without sacrificing the simplicity and familiarity of vanilla JavaScript. Ultimately, the choice of a framework is subjective, and it's essential to thoroughly research and evaluate various options before making a decision. For me, the transition from JavaScript/Vue 3 to Svelte felt like the natural and intuitive choice, combining the performance gains, maintainability, and the joy of programming in a more familiar way.

**Footnote:**
Yes... this article was "co-published" as I used an AI to help assist in writing this up. Sometimes asking for help on expanding sentences and topics can lead to some interesting sentences and word choices that you may not ever think of. Feel free to comment in the comments on your thoughts on Svelte, React, Angular, Vue, Solid, NextJs or Qwik... Please keep it kind though. Coming from a background of mostly vanilla JS, and the bit of Angular, and Vue I've used in other projects, I feel like we are in the next round of the frontend framework wars, please dont make this thread a "battleground".