Wired and Wireless Communication
Tags: webdev, learning, network, networking
Published: 2023-09-07 16:31:50

## Table of Contents
- [Introduction](#introduction)
- [Wired Communication](#wired-communication)
  - [Twisted Pair Cable](#twisted-pair-cable)
  - [Co-axial Cable](#co-axial-cable)
  - [Fiber Optic Cable](#fiber-optic-cable)
  - [Ethernet](#ethernet)
  - [Wires](#wires)
- [Wireless Communication](#wireless-communication)
  - [Radio Frequency Communication](#radio-frequency-communication)
    - [Wifi](#wifi)
    - [Bluetooth](#bluetooth)
    - [Mobile Networks](#mobile-networks)
  - [Microwave Communication](#microwave-communication)
  - [Infrared Communication](#infrared-communication)
  - [Lightwave Communication](#lightwave-communication)
  - [Satellite Communication](#satellite-communication)
  - [Near Field Communication (NFC)](#near-field-communication)

## Introduction
Communication technologies have evolved significantly over the years, enabling us to connect and share information across vast distances. This guide provides an overview of both wired and wireless communication technologies, their types, and how they work.

## Wired Communication
Wired communication refers to the transmission of data over a wire-based communication technology. Examples include telephones, cable television, and internet broadband. **"Wired communications is any type of movement of data between or among devices using a wired connection."**

**We will discuss some methods and ways for wired communication:**

### Twisted Pair Cable 
Twisted pair cables are a type of wiring in which **two conductors are twisted together for the purposes of canceling out electromagnetic interference (EMI) from external sources**. They are widely used in different kinds of data and voice communication applications, including **telephone** and **network cabling** such as **Ethernet**.

### Co-axial Cable
Co-axial cable is a type of cable that has an **inner conductor surrounded by a tubular insulating layer, surrounded by a tubular conducting shield**. It is used as a transmission line for **radio frequency signals**, in applications such as connecting **radio transmitters** and **receivers** with their antennas, **computer network connections**, and distributing **cable television signals**.

### Fiber Optic Cable
Fiber optic cables are cables that contain several strands of glass fibers, where the diameter of each strand is slightly thicker than a human hair. The glass fiber core is surrounded by a layer called cladding which is again covered by an outer protective layer. Fiber optic cables are used for high-speed data transmission.

### Jumper wires
These are electrical wires or group of wires in a cable with a connector or pin at each end, which is normally used to interconnect the components of a breadboard or other prototype or test circuit, internally or with other equipment or components, without soldering.

### TX/RX
These are used in serial communication, which is the process of sending data one bit at a time, sequentially, over a communication channel or computer bus. TX stands for transmit and RX stands for receive. Also, **USB** is considered to use TX/RX communication protocol.
  

## Wireless Communication 
Wireless communication is the transfer of information between two or more points that are not connected by an electrical conductor. It encompasses various types of fixed, mobile, and portable applications, including two-way radios, cellular telephones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), and wireless networking.

### Radio Frequency Communication 
Radio frequency (RF) is a rate of oscillation in the range of about 3 kHz to 300 GHz, which corresponds to the frequency of radio waves, and the alternating currents which carry radio signals.

#### 1. Wifi 
Wi-Fi is a wireless networking technology that uses radio waves to provide wireless high-speed Internet and network connections. Wi-Fi networks are based on the IEEE 802.11 standards. A Wi-Fi network can be used to connect computers to each other, to the internet, and to wired networks. Wi-Fi networks operate in the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands, with either single-band or dual-band routers. Wi-Fi allows for high-speed data transfers, enables a device to connect to the internet, and provides connectivity to other devices in the network. Wi-Fi has various security protocols including WEP, WPA, and WPA2 that encrypt the data sent over the network to protect the user's privacy.

#### 2. Bluetooth 
Bluetooth is a wireless technology standard used for exchanging data between fixed and mobile devices over short distances.

#### 3. Mobile Networks 
Mobile networks are communication networks where the last link is wireless. The network is distributed over land areas called cells, each served by at least one fixed-location transceiver, known as a cell site or base station.

### Microwave Communication
Microwave communication is the transmission of information or energy by microwave radio waves. It is used in point-to-point communication links, wireless networks, and satellite communications.

### Infrared Communication 
Infrared communication is a method of wireless communication used to transmit data over short distances (up to a few meters) using infrared light signals.

### Lightwave Communication 
Lightwave communication uses light waves to transmit data. It is commonly used in fiber-optic communications, where it allows for the transmission of large amounts of data over long distances.

### Satellite Communication 
Satellite communication is a type of wireless communication that uses satellites to provide communication links between various points on Earth.

### Near Field Communication (NFC) 
Near Field Communication (NFC) is a set of communication protocols that enable two electronic devices, one of which is usually a portable device such as a smartphone, to establish communication by bringing them within 4 cm (1.6 in) of each other.

## Conclusion
This guide provides a basic understanding of the various types of communication technologies. In the next section, we will delve deeper into network and internet technologies, exploring how they leverage these communication types to provide connectivity and services.

## References
- Geeksforgeeks

## Credits