Switch Case in different ways
Tags: javascript, programming, learning
Published: 2023-12-08 03:36:23

## Introduction

In the vast landscape of programming, effective decision-making is a fundamental skill. One powerful tool at our disposal is the `switch` statement, a versatile construct that allows us to navigate through multiple execution paths based on the value of an expression. In this blog, we'll delve into the different levels of writing switch case in JavaScript, exploring its syntax, applications, pros, cons and further more.

While I'm exploring the switch case in `JavaScript`, it's crucial to note that this concept transcends language boundaries. So, try to understand the core concept rather than `dwelling on language boundaries`. And consider that, It is not a beginner guide, so I assume that you know basics of switch statement. 

> _It's essential to clarify that I am not a seasoned professional or any expert. Rather, I'm here to share my thoughts and experiences, offering insights into various approaches without taking sides._

See all examples [here](https://stackblitz.com/edit/stackblitz-starters-wuiazu?file=.vscode%2Fsettings.json)

### _Level 1_ : `Basic Syntax`
```javascript
switch (value) {
  case 'value_1':
    // Code to be executed if expression === value_1
    break;
  case 'value_2':
    // Code to be executed if expression === value_2
    break;
  // ... continue for other cases
  default:
  // Code to be executed if no case matches the expression
}
```
_example [here](https://stackblitz.com/edit/stackblitz-starters-wuiazu?file=examples%2F1_Basic_syntax.js)_

#### Pros: 

- `Readability`: The syntax is easy to read and understand, making it suitable for beginners and scenarios where simplicity is key.

- `Explicit Default Case`: The default case allows for handling scenarios where none of the specified cases match the expression.

#### Cons: 
- `Verbosity with Many Cases`: As the number of cases increases, the code can become verbose and harder to maintain.

- `Fall-Through Risk`: Forgetting to include a break statement after each case can lead to unintended fall-through behavior, executing multiple cases.

- `Limited Expressiveness`: In more complex scenarios, the basic syntax may not offer the expressiveness needed for intricate decision-making.

### _Level 2_ : `Function Encapsulation`

```javascript
const mySwitchFunction = (value) => {
  switch (value) {
    case 'value_1':
      // Code to be executed if expression === value_1
      break;
    case 'value_2':
      // Code to be executed if expression === value_2
      break;
    // ... continue for other cases
    default:
    // Code to be executed if no case matches the expression
  }
};
```
_example [here](https://stackblitz.com/edit/stackblitz-starters-wuiazu?file=examples%2F2_Function_Encapsulation.js)_

#### Pros:
- `Modularity`: Encapsulating the switch case logic promotes modular code design, making it easier to understand and maintain.

- `Reusable Code`: The function can be reused across different parts of your application, reducing code duplication.

- `Clear Function Purpose`: The function name conveys its purpose, enhancing code readability and maintainability.

#### Cons:
- `Function Overhead`: In simple scenarios, introducing a function may seem like an unnecessary abstraction.

- `Additional Code`: While the function enhances organization, it adds a layer of abstraction, leading to slightly more code.

### _Level 3_ : `Object Mapping`
```javascript
const mySwitchObject = {
  value_1: () => {
    // Code to be executed if expression === value_1
  },
  value_2: () => {
    // Code to be executed if expression === value_2
  },
  // ... continue for other cases
  default: () => {
    // Code to be executed if no case matches the expression
  },
};

const mySwitchFunction = (value) => {
  const selectedCase = mySwitchObject[value] || mySwitchObject.default;
  selectedCase();
};

mySwitchFunction("someValue")
```
_example [here](https://stackblitz.com/edit/stackblitz-starters-wuiazu?file=examples%2F3_Object_Mapping.js)_

#### Explanation
I transformed the switch statement into object mapping, associating each case value with a function for brevity and clarity. This approach improves code readability and scalability, dynamically selecting case functions. However, it may introduce slight function overhead and is optimal for straightforward, well-defined logic rather than complex conditions. The choice depends on the specific needs of the code.

#### Pros: 
- `Conciseness`: Object mapping reduces code verbosity by consolidating the switch case logic into a single object. Each key-value pair represents a case.

- `Scalability`: Adding or modifying cases is straightforward by updating the mySwitchObject without altering the switch function.

- `Dynamic Selection`: The dynamic selection of case functions based on the input value allows for flexibility and adaptability.

#### Cons:
- `Limited Conditions`: Object mapping may not be suitable for complex conditions that involve dynamic or varied logic. It works best when case values have a direct mapping to outcomes.

- `Function Overhead`: Each case is represented by a function, which may introduce a slight overhead. In scenarios where the logic is minimal, this approach might seem like an unnecessary abstraction.

- `Memory Usage`: The object mapping approach creates functions for each case, potentially using more memory than a traditional switch statement, especially if there are numerous cases.

- `Error Handling`: The approach assumes that case functions are well-defined, and errors might be more challenging to trace compared to a switch statement.

## Final Thoughts:

As I share these insights, it's vital to emphasize that I don't take a definitive stance on which approach is superior. Each level has its merits and considerations, and the choice depends on the context of your specific use case. Remember, I'm not a pro; I'm simply sharing my journey and thoughts. The goal is to encourage exploration, experimentation, and continuous learning in the ever-evolving landscape of programming. 

_> Happy coding!_