teleren/devto huggingface dataset:
Standard Windows Commands and Their Outputs
Tags: windows
Published: 2023-08-12 08:12:15

---
title: Standard Windows Commands and Their Outputs
published: true
description: Basic Windows Command Prompt commands and their outputs
tags: Windows
---

## File Operations
- `dir`: List directory contents
  ```bash
  C:\> dir
  2023-08-11  10:00 AM    <DIR>          dir1
  2023-08-11  09:58 AM                20 file1.txt
  2023-08-11  09:59 AM                30 file2.txt
  ```

- `cd`: Print working directory
  ```bash
  C:\> cd
  C:\Users\user
  ```

## Text Operations
- `type`: Display file content
  ```bash
  C:\> type file1.txt
  This is the content of file1.
  ```

- `more`: Display the beginning of a file (Windows doesn't have an exact equivalent to head, but more can be used to view the contents)
  ```bash
  C:\> more file1.txt
  First line of the file.
  ```

- `more`: Display the end of a file (Again, Windows doesn't have an exact tail equivalent, but you can scroll through with more)
  ```bash
  C:\> more file1.txt
  Last line of the file.
  ```

## System Information
- `systeminfo`: Display system information (This provides a lot of information, more than uname -a in Linux)
  ```bash
  C:\> systeminfo
  ```

- `wmic OS get FreePhysicalMemory,TotalVisibleMemorySize /Value`: Display memory usage (This is a bit more complex in Windows compared to Linux's `free`)
  ```bash
  C:\> wmic OS get FreePhysicalMemory,TotalVisibleMemorySize /Value
  ```

## Networking
- `ping`: Test network connection
  ```bash
  C:\> ping google.com
  ```

## Miscellaneous
- `echo`: Display a line of text
  ```bash
  C:\> echo Hello, World!
  Hello, World!
  ```

- `doskey /history`: Display command history (This might not capture all history like Linux's history command, but it's the closest built-in command)
  ```bash
  C:\> doskey /history
  ```
File and Directory Operations in Windows Commands
Tags: windows
Published: 2023-08-12 08:12:15

---
title: File and Directory Operations in Windows Commands
published: true
description: Basic Windows command examples for file and directory operations
tags: Windows
---
## Creating and Removing
- `echo.`: Create an empty file.
  ```bash
  C:\> echo. > newfile.txt
  ```
  mkdir: Create a new directory.
  ```bash
  C:\> mkdir new_directory
  ```

- `del`: Remove files.
  ```bash
  C:\> del file_to_remove.txt
  ```

- `rmdir`: Remove a directory (either empty or with contents).
  ```bash
  C:\> rmdir /s /q directory_to_remove
  ```

## Copying, Moving, and Renaming
- `copy`: Copy files.
  ```bash
  C:\> copy source.txt destination.txt
  ```

- `xcopy`: Copy directories.
  ```bash
  C:\> xcopy /s /i source_directory destination_directory
  ```

- `move`: Move or rename files or directories.
  ```bash
  C:\> move oldname.txt newname.txt
  ```

## Listing and Navigating
- `dir`: List directory contents.
  ```bash
  C:\> dir
  ```

- cd: Display or change the current directory.
  ```bash
  C:\> cd \path\to\directory
  ```

## File Content Viewing
- `type`: Display the entire content of a file.
  ```bash
  C:\> type file.txt
  ```

- `more`: View file content with pagination.
  ```bash
  C:\> more file.txt
  (Note: Windows doesn't have direct equivalents to `head` and `tail` commands in its basic command prompt.)
  ```

## File and Directory Information
- `dir`: Display detailed information about a file or directory.
  ```bash
  C:\> dir file.txt
  (Note: Windows doesn't have a direct equivalent to the `file` command in its basic command prompt.)
  ```

## Searching for Files
- `dir`: Search for files in a directory.
  ```bash
  C:\> dir /s /b \path\to\search\*pattern*.txt
  ```
Text Processing in Windows
Tags: windows
Published: 2023-08-12 08:12:13

---
title: Text Processing in Windows
published: true
description: 
tags: Windows
---

## Searching within Text
- `findstr`: Search for strings in files.
  - `/I`: Ignore case.
  - `/S`: Searches for matching files in the current directory and all subdirectories.
  - `/V`: Print only lines that do not contain a match.
    ```bash
    C:\> findstr "search_term" file.txt
    This line contains the search_term.
    ```
    ```bash
    C:\> findstr /I "Search_Term" file.txt
    This line contains the search_term.
    ```

## Filtering and Transforming Text
- There's no direct equivalent to `awk` in Windows, but you can use PowerShell or other scripting languages for similar tasks.

- `powershell -Command "(Get-Content file.txt) -replace 'World', 'Universe'"`: Use PowerShell to replace text.
  ```bash
  C:\> echo Hello World | powershell -Command "$input -replace 'World', 'Universe'"
  Hello Universe
  ```

## Sorting and Counting
- `sort`: Sort input.
  ```bash
  C:\> echo banana & echo apple & echo cherry | sort
  apple
  banana
  cherry
  ```
- There's no direct `uniq` equivalent in Windows, but you can use PowerShell for similar tasks.
- `find /c /v ""`: Count lines in a file.
  ```bash
  C:\> echo Hello World | find /c /v ""
  1
  ```

## Text Display
- `type`: Display the content of files.
  ```bash
  C:\> type file.txt
  This is the content of file.txt.
  ```
- There's no direct `tac` equivalent in Windows, but you can use PowerShell for similar tasks.
- `more +n`: Display content starting from the nth line. (Similar to `tail`)
  ```bash
  C:\> echo line1 & echo line2 & echo line3 | more +1
  line2
  line3
  ```
System Operations in Windows
Tags: windows
Published: 2023-08-12 08:12:11

---
title: System Operations in Windows
published: true
description: Essential Windows commands for performing system operations
tags: Windows
---

Performing system operations is a crucial part of managing a Windows system. Here are some essential commands for handling system operations.

## `tasklist`: Display currently active processes
- Basic usage:
  ```bash
  C:\> tasklist
  ```

## `taskmgr`: Real-time Process Monitoring
- Basic usage:
  ```bash
  C:\> taskmgr
  ```

This will open the Task Manager GUI where you can monitor and manage processes.

## `taskkill`: Terminate Processes
- Basic usage (using process ID):
  ```bash
  C:\> taskkill /PID [process_id]
  ```

- Terminate a process by its name:
  ```bash
  C:\> taskkill /IM [process_name]
  ```

  For example, to kill a process named "notepad.exe":
    ```bash
    C:\> taskkill /IM notepad.exe
    ```

## `shutdown`: Shutdown or restart the system
- Shutdown immediately:
  ```bash
  C:\> shutdown /s /t 0
  ```

- Reboot immediately:
  ```bash
  C:\> shutdown /r /t 0
  ```

- Shutdown with a message:
  ```bash
  C:\> shutdown /s /t 600 /c "System will shutdown in 10 minutes"
  ```

  This will shut down the system in 10 minutes and display the provided message.

Understanding these system operation commands is essential for effectively managing and maintaining a Windows system.
Permissions and Ownership in Windows
Tags: windows
Published: 2023-08-12 08:12:10

---
title: Permissions and Ownership in Windows
published: true
description: Understanding and managing permissions and ownership in a Windows system.
tags: Windows
---

In Windows, files and directories have a set of permissions that can be assigned to individual users or groups. These permissions include Read, Write, Execute, and many others.

- **Read (R):** Allows reading the file's contents.
- **Write (W):** Permits modifying the file's contents.
- **Execute (X):** Enables executing the file as a program.

## Changing File Permissions with icacls

You can use the `icacls` command to modify access permissions for files and directories.

```bash
C:\> icacls file.txt /grant John:R  # Grant read permission to John
C:\> icacls file.txt /deny John:W   # Deny write permission to John
```

## Changing File Owner with takeown
The `takeown` command lets you change the owner of files and directories.
```bash
C:\> takeown /F file.txt /A  # Change the file's owner to the Administrators group
```

## Viewing File Permissions with icacls
The `icacls` command displays file and directory access permissions, owner, and other details.
```bash
C:\> icacls file.txt
file.txt NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM:(I)(F)
         BUILTIN\Administrators:(I)(F)
         BUILTIN\Users:(I)(RX)
```

Understanding and managing permissions and ownership is crucial for maintaining security and proper access control in a Windows system.
Disk Usage Commands in Linux
Tags: linux
Published: 2023-08-12 08:12:09

---
title: Disk Usage Commands in Linux
published: true
description: 
tags: Linux
---

## `df`: Display Filesystem Disk Space Usage
The `df` command is used to display the disk space usage of mounted filesystems.

- Basic Usage:
  ```bash
  $ df
  ```

- Common Options:
  - `-h` or `--human-readable`: Display sizes in a human-readable format (K, M, G).
    ```bash
    $ df -h
    ```
  - `-T` or `--print-type`: Display filesystem types.
    ```bash
    $ df -T
    ```
  - `-a` or `--all`: Display all filesystems, including pseudo, duplicate, inaccessible filesystems.
    ```bash
    $ df -a
    ```
  - `-i` or `--inodes`: Display inode information.
    ```bash
    $ df -i
    ```

## `du`: Estimate File and Directory Space Usage
  The du command estimates disk space usage of files and directories.

- Basic Usage:
  ```bash
  $ du /path/to/directory
  ```

- Common Options:
  - `-h` or `--human-readable`: Display sizes in a human-readable format (K, M, G).
    ```bash
    $ du -h /path/to/directory
    ```

- `-s` or `--summarize`: Display only the total size of the specified directory.
  ```bash
  $ du -s /path/to/directory
  ```

- `-a` or `--all`: Display both directory and file information.
  ```**bash**
  $ du -a /path/to/directory
  ```

- `-c` or `--total`: Display the grand total.
  ```bash
  $ du -c /path/to/directory
  ```

- `--max-dept`h=N: Display information up to a depth of N directories.
  ```bash
  $ du --max-depth=1 /path/to/directory
  ```

Understanding the `df` and `du` commands is essential for monitoring disk space usage and managing file storage effectively.
Detect a substring in a string
Tags: javascript, interview, programming, coding
Published: 2023-08-12 08:09:07

**How would you write a function to detect a substring in a string?**

Example

```
function detectSubstring(string, subString) {
  return -1;
}

// console.log(detectSubstring('ggraph', 'graph')); // 1
// console.log(detectSubstring('geography', 'graph'));  // 3
// console.log(detectSubstring('digginn', 'inn')); // 4

```

**Solution 1**

```
function detectSubstring(string, subString) {
  let j = 0;
  for (let i = 0; i < string.length; i++) {
    if (string[i] == subString[j]) {
      j++;
      if (j == subString.length) {
        return i - (subString.length - 1);
      }
    } else {
      i -= j;
      j = 0;
    }
  }
  return -1;
}

// console.log(detectSubstring('ggraph', 'graph')); // 1
// console.log(detectSubstring('geography', 'graph'));  // 3
// console.log(detectSubstring('digginn', 'inn')); // 4
```

**Solution 2**

```
function detectSubstring(string, subString) {
  const substringLength = subString.length;

  for (let i = 0; i < string.length; i++) {
    let j = 0;
    while (j < substringLength && string[i + j] === subString[j]) {
      j++;
    }

    if (j === substringLength) {
      return i;
    }
  }

  return -1;
}

console.log(detectSubstring("ggraph", "graph"));
console.log(detectSubstring("geography", "graph"));
console.log(detectSubstring("digginn", "inn"));

```
Fluxactive Complete - Benefits, Results, Price, Complaints & Warnings?
Tags: webdev, javascript, beginners, programming
Published: 2023-08-12 07:50:47

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=beaQelVtsoo 
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https://colab.research.google.com/drive/19haDXOnhnAyOE-FezBc9zdoFM0XFT0dR 
https://sites.google.com/view/fluxactivecomplete-info/ 
https://lexcliq.com/fluxactive-complete-prostate-health-pills-reviews-warnings-complaints/ 
https://promosimple.com/ps/224a4/fluxactive-complete      
https://caramellaapp.com/fluxactivecompleteresult/EO4PeBUjy/fluxactive-complete 
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https://muckrack.com/fluxactive-complete-14/bio   
https://www.scoop.it/topic/fluxactive-complete-by-fluxactive-complete-136
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https://www.crunchbase.com/organization/fluxactive-complete-863c
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https://twitter.com/Fluxactive38196
(Pesonal) Logo/Image size issue for html2pdf.js on Safari browser
Tags: webdev, javascript, beginners, programming
Published: 2023-08-12 07:44:39

Last night, I work on bug that occured on iOS devices. The generated PDF file with html2pdf.js library when tested on iOS devices had certain images trimmed, despite we had set the element of the images with the size we want it to appear, and it only happened on iOS devices and tested with Safari browser.

And here's what I found : 
1. That issue occured on browser with webkit engine(i.e Safari).
2. So, If you find bug/issue that tested on Safari, you can test it with another browser with webkit engine( You didn't need to use apple's product to test).
3. Since I'm using linux, I've installed epiphany browser for testing.
4. The main cause of the bug is behavior between browser(that's built with webkit engine) and the pdf generated by html2pdf.js. (* i don't know if 'behavior' is the right word)

The solution: html2pdf.js generated pdf content as image. And on webkit engine browser, the solution I found is we need to use image/logo with the exact dimension as we want it to appear in our PDFs' contents. When we use image with bigger dimension(i haven't test with smaller ones), the content generated by html2pdf.js for webkit browser will persist its file dimension, not the dimension you have set on your code. 

So, If I wanna change the size, I will change it on the svg file not on my html code(that will be converted as PDF).

this is my first post, and I'm beginner on this field and non-native english. So, I apologize for the flawsss....
list of Sites for Free and Modern Icons
Tags: webdev, html, developer, design
Published: 2023-08-12 07:20:43

## welcome everybody 🙂🖐

Today I will share with you a group of websites that offer you free icons that you can use in website design

[**1 - icofont**](https://icofont.com/icons)
2400+ free, meticulously crafted icons

[**2 - flaticon**](https://www.flaticon.com/uicons/interface-icons)

Icon fonts for any project, big or small
Over 18,000+ SVG and web font-optimal vector-based icons available for web, iOS, and Android applications


[**3 - icons8**](https://icons8.com/line-awesome)
Swap Font Awesome for modern line icons in one line of code.

[**4 - iconscout**](https://iconscout.com/unicons)

Discover the ultimate collection of free icon fonts, SVG icons, 3D icons and animated icons with Unicons
Bring your designs to life with free icon fonts, SVG icons, 3D icons and animated icons with Unicons by IconScout. Whether you’re a designer or developer, Unicons has you covered with high-quality icons in a variety of icon styles such as line, monochrome, solid and thin line.

[**5 - boxicons**](https://boxicons.com/)

High Quality Web Icons
Simple Open Source icons carefully crafted for designers & developers

[**6 - Google fonts**](https://fonts.google.com/icons)

newest icons consolidating over 3,032 glyphs in a single font file with a wide range of design variants. Symbols are available in three styles and four adjustable variable font styles (fill, weight, grade, and optical size).


**Now we're done**
Don't forget to like and follow 🙂
Back to the Basics: print vs echo 🤜 🤛
Tags: php, webdev, programming, beginners
Published: 2023-08-12 07:03:26


print & echo or print() & echo() however you write them, are both used in php for the same purpose, printing out a value (int, bool, float, string & null). Though they both serve the same purpose there are some key differences between them. Let's explore them with an example:

📌 Print returns an integer value of 1 but echo returns nothing or void. 
For example, if we do this :

```
$name = "Oppenheimer";

$res = print $name . "\n"; # ✅ adding a new line for more readability

var_dump($res); # ✅ this gives us int(1) , which means print return an integer data type & value is 1
```

But when we try  this there is a problem :

```
$res = echo $name . "\n"; # 🚨 this gives full-on error: Parse error: syntax error, unexpected token "echo" because the return type of echo is void

Now if we want we can use the return value of print if we want but this will not come in handy for a real-life example. For the sake of example let's do this:

$quantity = 5;
$price = 10;

$total = $quantity * $price + print "The price is: {$price} \n"; # ✅ first print executes its printing command then it returns 1 which is added to the total value

echo "The total is: {$total}"; # so this gives us The total is 51
```

 📌 Echo takes multiple parameters but print does not do this. For example, let's see this code :

```
$firstName = "John";
$lastName = "Doe";
$age = 30;

echo "Name:", $firstName, " ", $lastName, ", Age:", $age; # ✅ passing multiple parameters to echo function separated by comma ( , )
```

But when we try  this there is a problem :

```
print "Name:", $firstName, " ", $lastName, ", Age:", $age; #🚨 PHP Parse error: syntax error, unexpected token "," because the print function cannot take multiple parameters
```

📌 Lastly echo is slightly faster than print because it does not return anything

 So these are some main differences between print and echo in the world of PHP. Thank you for reading.
What's Your Coding Quirk?
Tags: discuss, watercooler
Published: 2023-08-12 07:00:00

If the debuggers captured a candid shot of you coding, what quirky behavior, habit, or unusual thing would they discover?

Follow the [CodeNewbie Org](https://dev.to/codenewbieteam) and [#codenewbie](https://dev.to/t/codenewbie) for more discussions and online camaraderie!

*{% embed* https://dev.to/codenewbieteam *%}*
Lonely vs. Connected: How Do You Balance Social Interaction in Remote Settings?
Tags: discuss, carreer
Published: 2023-08-12 07:00:00

_This week we're chatting all things remote work, and we want to hear from you about your experiences, pros, cons, and advice for those transitioning or considering remote work options._

Let's dive into today's topic of conversation... 

> Remote work can present communication challenges. How do you ensure effective collaboration and avoid misunderstandings? Share your tips for clear and concise communication across remote teams.

Follow the DEVteam for more discussions and online camaraderie!

{% embed [https://dev.to/devteam](https://dev.to/devteam) %}
repeatedly add all of its digits until the result has only one digit
Tags: javascript, programming, tutorial, interview
Published: 2023-08-12 06:48:02

**We're provided a positive integer num. Can you write a method to repeatedly add all of its digits until the result has only one digit?**

Here's an example: if the input was 49, we'd go through the following steps:

Example:

```
input: 49
output: 4

// start with 49
4 + 9 = 13
1+3 = 4

```

**Solution 1**

```
function sumDigits(num) {
  function getSum(num) {
    let _num = num;
    let result = 0;
    while (_num > 0) {
      result += _num % 10;
      _num = Math.floor(_num / 10);
    }
    return result;
  }
  while (num > 9) {
    num = getSum(num);
  }
  return num
}

console.log(sumDigits(49));

```

**Solution 2**

```
function sumDigits(num) {
  while (num > 9) {
    num = num
      .toString()
      .split("")
      .reduce((a, b) => a + parseInt(b), 0);
  }
  return num;
}

console.log(sumDigits(49));
```
How can I convert my kivy program into apk file
Published: 2023-08-12 06:46:28

How can I convert my kivy program to an apk file I have already tried Google collab but facing issues again and again
 Please use this simple program which is given below:

from kivy.app import App
from kivy.uix.button import Button
from kivy.uix.label import Label
from kivy.uix.gridlayout import GridLayout
from kivy.uix.boxlayout import BoxLayout
from kivy.core.window import Window
Window.clearcolor=(1,1,1,1)
layout=GridLayout(cols=4)
layout1=BoxLayout(orientation='vertical')
label=Label(text="0",size_hint=(1,0.18),halign='right',color=(0,1,0,1),font_size='30')
layout1.add_widget(label)

class myapp(App):
			def build(self):
				lst=[['1','2','3','+'],['4','5','6','-'],['7','8','9','*'],['.','0','cl.','/']]
				for i in lst:
					for j in i:
						if j!='cl.' and j!='+' and j!='-' and j!='*' and j!='/':
							btn=Button(text=j,on_press=self.skroy,color=(0,0,0.6,1),font_size='50',background_color=(0,1,1,1))
						
							layout.add_widget(btn)
						elif j=='cl.':
							btn=Button(text=j,on_press=self.skroy2,color=(0,0,0.6,1),background_color=(0,1,1,1),font_size='40')
							layout.add_widget(btn)
						else:
							btn=Button(text=j,on_press=self.skroy,color=(0,0,0.6,1),font_size='50',background_color=(14/255,40/255,100/255,1))
							layout.add_widget(btn)
				btn1=Button(text='=',on_press=self.skroy1,size_hint=(1,0.2),color=(0,1,0.3,1),font_size='50')
				layout1.add_widget(layout)
				layout1.add_widget(btn1)
				return layout1
			def skroy(self,btn):
				if label.text=='0':
					label.text=btn.text
					if label.text=='+' or label.text=='-' or label.text=='*' or label.text=='/':
						label.text='0'
				
				
				else:
					label.text=label.text+btn.text
			def skroy2(self,btn):
				label.text='0'
			def skroy1(self,btn1):
				label.text=str(eval(label.text))
			
myapp().run()

Please help me by converting this in an apk file and share it to me
WinMatch Table Games
Published: 2023-08-12 05:01:23

[Winmatch](https://winmatch.com/) is a peer-to-peer betting exchange designed for smart bettors who want more value. Offering deep liquidity and low commissions, winmatch returns maximum value to bettors. On winmatch, bettors find better odds, a clean and easy-to-use betting interface, and helpful customer support.
Single Lonely Number
Tags: beginners, programming, javascript, interview
Published: 2023-08-12 06:34:06

**In a given array of numbers, one element will show up once and the others will each show up twice. Can you find the number that only appears once in O(n) linear time? Bonus points if you can do it in O(1) space as well.**

**Example**

```
lonelyNumber([4, 4, 6, 1, 3, 1, 3]) // 6

lonelyNumber([3, 3, 9])// 9
```

**Solution 1**

```
function lonelyNumber(nums){
    const obj={}
    for(const num of nums){
        obj[num]= (obj[num]||0)+1
    }
    for(const num in obj){
        if(obj[num]===1) return num
    }
}

console.log(lonelyNumber([4, 4, 6, 1, 3, 1, 3])); // 6
console.log(lonelyNumber([3, 3, 9])); // 9
```

**Solution 2**

```
function lonelyNumber(numbers) {
  return numbers.reduce((x, y) => x ^ y, 0);
}

console.log(lonelyNumber([4, 4, 6, 1, 3, 1, 3])); // 6
console.log(lonelyNumber([3, 3, 9])); // 9
```