Transactions Per Second (TPS)
Tags: blockchain, performance, bitcoin, ethereum
Published: 2023-11-08 13:04:42

> In&nbsp;the blockchain world, transactions per second (TPS) metrics measure the number of&nbsp;transactions a&nbsp;blockchain can process in&nbsp;a&nbsp;second.

There are 3 most common types of TPS:

1. Real-time TPS

2. Max Recorded TPS

3. Max Theoretical TPS

## Real-time TPS

Real-time TPS shows how many transactions per second the blockchain is&nbsp;processing. It&rsquo;s probably the most important of&nbsp;all three metrics because it&nbsp;is&nbsp;based on&nbsp;real-time blockchain data and can&rsquo;t be&nbsp;inflated. It&nbsp;shows the adoption level of&nbsp;the blockchain and its actual throughput.

## Max Recorded TPS

Max recorded TPS indicates the peak TPS blockchain has ever reached. It&nbsp;shows how many transactions a&nbsp;blockchain can process during times of&nbsp;high workload. Typically, it&nbsp;happens when the market is&nbsp;volatile, and a&nbsp;lot of&nbsp;people want to&nbsp;transact at&nbsp;the same time.

## Max Theoretical TPS

Max theoretical TPS shows how many transactions per second the blockchain is&nbsp;theoretically capable of&nbsp;handling. To&nbsp;calculate this metric, divide the block size measured in&nbsp;gas or&nbsp;bytes by&nbsp;the size of&nbsp;the smallest transaction possible. In&nbsp;most blockchains, the least possible transaction is&nbsp;a&nbsp;transfer of&nbsp;a&nbsp;native token.

For example, the Ethereum block size is&nbsp;30&nbsp;million gas, the block time is&nbsp;12&nbsp;seconds, and the transfer of&nbsp;Ether takes 21,000 of&nbsp;gas. It&nbsp;means each block can contain 30&nbsp;million&nbsp;/ 21,000 = 1428&nbsp;transactions. So, the maximum theoretical TPS is&nbsp;1428 transactions&nbsp;/ 12s = 119 transactions per second. Of&nbsp;course, the reality is&nbsp;often different due to&nbsp;the different block times, block sizes, and other real-world nuances.

## TPS metrics of&nbsp;the most popular blockchains

The following metrics are relevant on&nbsp;Feb&nbsp;12, 2024. For real-time TPS check out [our dashboard](https://chainspect.app/dashboard).

[Algorand](https://chainspect.app/chain/algorand) TPS is 18.02 transactions per second
[Algorand](https://chainspect.app/chain/algorand) Max TPS is 3,227 transactions per second  
[Arbitrum](https://chainspect.app/chain/arbitrum) TPS is 10.6 transactions per second
[Arbitrum](https://chainspect.app/chain/arbitrum) Max TPS is 380 transactions per second  
[Avalanche](https://chainspect.app/chain/avalanche) TPS is 2.41 transactions per second
[Avalanche](https://chainspect.app/chain/avalanche) Max TPS is 92.74 transactions per second  
[Base](https://chainspect.app/chain/base) TPS is 5.41 transactions per second
[Base](https://chainspect.app/chain/base) Max TPS is 34.52 transactions per second  
[Bitcoin](https://chainspect.app/chain/bitcoin) TPS is 8.59 transactions per second
[Bitcoin](https://chainspect.app/chain/bitcoin) Max TPS is 10.92 transactions per second  
[BNB Chain](https://chainspect.app/chain/bnb-chain) TPS is 42.42 transactions per second
[BNB Chain](https://chainspect.app/chain/bnb-chain) Max TPS is 1,731 transactions per second  
[BNB Greenfield](https://chainspect.app/chain/bnb-greenfield) TPS is 0.13 transactions per scond
[BNB Greenfield](https://chainspect.app/chain/bnb-greenfield) Max TPS is 2.25 transactions per second  
[Celo](https://chainspect.app/chain/celo) TPS is 4.39 transactions per second
[Celo](https://chainspect.app/chain/celo) Max TPS is 268 transactions per second  
[Cronos](https://chainspect.app/chain/cronos) TPS is 0.31 transactions per second
[Cronos](https://chainspect.app/chain/cronos) Max TPS is 142 transactions per second  
[Crust](https://chainspect.app/chain/crust) TPS is 0 transactions per second
[Crust](https://chainspect.app/chain/crust) Max TPS is 0.01 transactions per second  
[Ethereum](https://chainspect.app/chain/ethereum) TPS is 11.75 transactions per second
[Ethereum](https://chainspect.app/chain/ethereum) Max TPS is 62.34 transactions per second  
[Fantom](https://chainspect.app/chain/fantom) TPS is 3.2 transactions per second
[Fantom](https://chainspect.app/chain/fantom) Max TPS is 181 transactions per second  
[Gnosis Chain](https://chainspect.app/chain/gnosis) TPS is 2.36 transactions per second
[Gnosis Chain](https://chainspect.app/chain/gnosis) Max TPS is 80.9 transactions per second  
[Hedera](https://chainspect.app/chain/hedera) TPS is 1,332 transactions per second
[Hedera](https://chainspect.app/chain/hedera) Max TPS is 3,287 transactions per second  
[Integritee](https://chainspect.app/chain/integritee) TPS is 0.0006 transactions per second
[Integritee](https://chainspect.app/chain/integritee) Max TPS is 0.04 transactions per second  
[IoTeX](https://chainspect.app/chain/iotex) TPS is 0.13 transactions per second
[IoTeX](https://chainspect.app/chain/iotex) Max TPS is 223 transactions per second  
[opBNB](https://chainspect.app/chain/opbnb) TPS is 46.44 transactions per second
[opBNB](https://chainspect.app/chain/opbnb) Max TPS is 229 transactions per second  
[Optimism](https://chainspect.app/chain/optimism) TPS is 4.59 transactions per second
[Optimism](https://chainspect.app/chain/optimism) Max TPS is 32.87 transactions per second  
[Polkadex](https://chainspect.app/chain/polkadex) TPS is 0.0036 transactions per second
[Polkadex](https://chainspect.app/chain/polkadex) Max TPS is 0.45 transactions per second  
[Polkadot](https://chainspect.app/chain/polkadot) TPS is 0.15 transactions per second
[Polkadot](https://chainspect.app/chain/polkadot) Max TPS is 112 transactions per second  
[Polygon](https://chainspect.app/chain/polygon) TPS is 44.33 transactions per second
[Polygon](https://chainspect.app/chain/polygon) Max TPS is 282 transactions per second  
[Scroll](https://chainspect.app/chain/scroll) TPS is 3.01 transactions per second
[Scroll](https://chainspect.app/chain/scroll) Max TPS is 25.86 transactions per second  
[Sirius](https://chainspect.app/chain/sirius) TPS is 0.01 transactions per second
[Sirius](https://chainspect.app/chain/sirius) Max TPS is 0.02 transactions per second  
[Solana](https://chainspect.app/chain/solana) TPS is 896 transactions per second
[Solana](https://chainspect.app/chain/solana) Max TPS is 1,608 transactions per second  
[Starknet](https://chainspect.app/chain/starknet) TPS is 1.89 transactions per second
[Starknet](https://chainspect.app/chain/starknet) Max TPS is 22.87 transactions per second  
[Telos](https://chainspect.app/chain/telos) TPS is 3.2 transactions per second
[Telos](https://chainspect.app/chain/telos) Max TPS is 7.5 transactions per second  
[Tron](https://chainspect.app/chain/tron) TPS is 56.52 transactions per second
[Tron](https://chainspect.app/chain/tron) Max TPS is 236 transactions per second  
[Zeitgeist](https://chainspect.app/chain/zeitgeist) TPS is 0.0011 transactions per second
[Zeitgeist](https://chainspect.app/chain/zeitgeist) Max TPS is 0.08 transactions per second  

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