teleren/devto huggingface dataset:
EXTREMELY SIMPLE & LOGICAL JAVA SOLUTION BEATS 85% IN RUNTIME
Tags: leetcode, beginners, programming, tutorial
Published: 2023-06-10 22:48:46

# Intuition
The problem asks us to find the number of good pairs in an array. A good pair is defined as a pair (i, j) where `0 <= i < j < nums.length` and `nums[i] == nums[j]`. In other words, we need to count the number of occurrences of the same element in the array that have a lower index than another occurrence of the same element.

# Approach
One simple approach to solve this problem is to use nested loops to compare each pair of elements in the array and count the good pairs. The outer loop iterates over each element in the array, and the inner loop starts from the next element and compares it with the current element. If the elements are equal, we increment the count of good pairs.

# Complexity
- Time complexity: O(n^2) - The nested loops iterate over all pairs of elements in the array, resulting in a quadratic time complexity.
- Space complexity: O(1) - We are using a constant amount of extra space to store the count of good pairs.

# Code
```java
class Solution {
    public int numIdenticalPairs(int[] nums) {
        int goodPairs = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
            for (int j = i + 1; j < nums.length; j++) {
                if (nums[i] == nums[j]) {
                    goodPairs++;
                }
            }
        }
        return goodPairs;
    }
}
```

Note: This code snippet is in Java.
VS Code Snippets Extension
Tags: beginners, framework, css, webdesign
Published: 2023-06-10 22:28:47

---
title: VS Code Snippets Extension
published: true
description: A snippet extension is like a plugin for VS Code. You will get suggested code fragments while you are writing it. It is like a shortcut for coding.
tags: beginner, framework, css, webdesign
cover_image: https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/02khcqwlv7l2rd4flzru.png
# Use a ratio of 100:42 for best results.
# published_at: 2023-06-08 23:32 +0000
---

[What is a snippet extension?](#what-is-a-snippet-extension-?) • [Install Neptune Snippets](#install-neptune-snippets) • [Start with an example page](#start-with-an-example-page) • [Usage](#usage) • [Social Media](#social-media) • [Author](#author)

## What is a snippet extension?

A snippet extension is like a plugin for VS Code. You will get suggested code fragments while you are writing it. It is like a shortcut for coding.

You can get VS Code extensions on the VS Code Marketplace for free. Just download them and you can start developing even faster.

## Install Neptune Snippets

You can install Neptune CSS Snippets in the marketplace or as NPM package as well.

## Start with an example page

To start with an example page just type

```
neptune-example-page
```
Hit `Enter` and you get the boilerplate code for a simple Neptune CSS project page.

To add the CDN links use

```
nep-css-cdn
```

or

```
nep-cdn-js
```

## Usage
To use the Neptune Snippets for CSS beginn to type neptune-. If you want to use it for JavaScript type only nep- . You can find all commands in the Snippets Documentation.

## Social Media
[GitHub](https://github.com/neptune-css) | [Twitter](https://twitter.com/neptunecss) | [Instagram](https://www.instagram.com/neptune.css/) | [NPM](https://www.npmjs.com/~neptunecss)

## Author
Colin Grahm
API Testing Using Postman
Tags: webdev, programming, apigateway, aspdotnet
Published: 2023-06-10 21:58:50

Postman is a popular tool for testing APIs and making HTTP requests. It provides a user-friendly interface for sending requests, examining responses, and automating API testing workflows. Here's a step-by-step guide on how to perform API testing using Postman:

1. **Install Postman:** Download and install Postman from the official website (https://www.postman.com/downloads/) based on your operating system.

2. **Create a new request:** Launch Postman and create a new request by clicking on the "New" button in the top left corner. Choose the appropriate HTTP method (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, etc.) for your API endpoint.

3. **Specify the API endpoint:** Enter the URL of the API endpoint you want to test in the request URL field. You can also include request parameters, headers, and authentication details if required.

4. **Add request headers:** If your API requires specific headers, you can add them by clicking on the "Headers" tab in the request builder. Enter the header name and value pairs.

5. **Include request parameters:** If your API requires query parameters or request body parameters, you can add them in the "Params" or "Body" tab respectively. Choose the appropriate option and provide the parameter details.

6. **Send the request:** Once you have configured the request, click on the "Send" button to send the API request to the server. You will see the response details in the lower part of the Postman window.

7. **Analyze the response:** Postman displays the response status code, headers, and body. You can examine the response data to verify if it matches the expected behavior of the API.

8. **Handle authentication:** If your API requires authentication, you can set up authentication mechanisms like API keys, OAuth, or basic authentication in Postman. Refer to the Postman documentation for detailed instructions on setting up different types of authentication.

9. **Save and organize requests:** Postman allows you to save and organize your API requests in collections. You can create collections to group related requests and execute them in a sequence or as part of a test suite.

10. **Automate tests:** Postman provides options to automate API tests using test scripts and assertions. You can write JavaScript-based test scripts to validate the response data, check status codes, and perform other custom validations. You can also set up test suites to run a collection of tests automatically.

11. **Monitor APIs:** Postman offers monitoring capabilities to periodically check the availability and performance of your APIs. You can set up monitors to send requests at specified intervals and receive alerts for any failures or performance issues.

That's a basic overview of how to perform API testing using Postman. The tool offers many advanced features like data-driven testing, environment variables, integration with version control systems, and collaboration features. Explore the Postman documentation and tutorials to learn more about its capabilities and how to leverage them for your API testing needs.
Understanding Variables in JavaScript: let, const, and var
Tags: webdev, javascript, beginners, programming
Published: 2023-06-10 20:34:12

In JavaScript, variables are fundamental elements used for storing and manipulating data. With the introduction of ECMAScript 6 (ES6), new variable declaration keywords were introduced, namely let and const, alongside the existing var keyword. In this blog post, we will explore the differences between let, const, and var, and understand their appropriate use cases with code examples.

## The var Keyword:
The var keyword was the primary variable declaration keyword in JavaScript before ES6. It has function scope or global scope, allowing the variable to be accessed from anywhere within the function or globally.

```
function exampleFunction() {
  var x = 10;
  if (true) {
    var x = 20;
    console.log(x); // Output: 20
  }
  console.log(x); // Output: 20
}

```
In the above example, the variable x is redeclared and reassigned within the if statement, affecting its value outside the block scope as well.

## The let Keyword:
The let keyword was introduced in ES6 to address the shortcomings of var by providing block scope.

```
function exampleFunction() {
  let x = 10;
  if (true) {
    let x = 20;
    console.log(x); // Output: 20
  }
  console.log(x); // Output: 10
}

```
In this example, the variable x is declared using let inside the if statement. As a result, the value of x inside the if block remains separate from the value outside the block.

## The const Keyword:
The const keyword is also introduced in ES6 and is used for declaring constants, which are variables that cannot be reassigned.

```
function exampleFunction() {
  const PI = 3.14159;
  console.log(PI); // Output: 3.14159
  PI = 3; // Error: Assignment to constant variable
}
```
In the above example, the constant PI is assigned a value and cannot be changed afterward. If an attempt is made to reassign it, an error will occur.

**Conclusion:**

Understanding the differences between let, const, and var is crucial for writing clean and maintainable JavaScript code. While var is still valid, it's generally recommended to use let and const to benefit from block scoping and immutability. Use let when you need a mutable variable with block scope and const for variables that should remain constant throughout the program.

Remember, let, const, and var are just tools in your JavaScript toolbox. Choose the right tool for the right job!

Happy coding! 🚀🚀🚀

**Note:** The code examples provided in this blog post are simplified for the sake of illustration and may not cover all edge cases. It's recommended to consult the official JavaScript documentation for a comprehensive understanding of variable declarations.
SBOM - Software Bill of Materials
Tags: sbom, 100daystooffload, security, softwareengineering
Published: 2023-06-10 20:20:07

It's not uncommon today to use third party libraries in a software project. These third party libraries are of course doing the same thing, which can lead to a long supply chain of software packages in a project.

By using a SBOM (Software Bill of Materials) in your project you will make it easier to keep track of these dependencies.

The SBOM will enable the possibility to do vulnerability scans and license analysis of your software components. Then there is the [executive order 14028](https://www.nist.gov/itl/executive-order-14028-improving-nations-cybersecurity) which also encourage the use of a SBOM (and the reason there is a standard for this?).

So a [software bill of materials](https://ntia.gov/page/software-bill-materials) is a document that lists all the components, libraries and dependencies that is used by the project. There is some rules on what should be included in the document, and there are three standard formats today:
- [SPDX](https://spdx.dev/) - A Linux Foundation Project. Available in following formats: tag:value, RDF, JSON, XML and YAML
- [CycloneDX](https://github.com/CycloneDX) - From OWASP. Available as XML or JSON.
- [SWID tags](https://csrc.nist.gov/projects/Software-Identification-SWID) - From NIST. Available as XML.

Next step is to explore tools to generate a SBOM...
Postman API Testing Tool Introduction
Tags: webdev, azure, javascript, programming
Published: 2023-06-10 20:16:22

Postman is an API development and testing tool that simplifies the process of working with APIs (Application Programming Interfaces). It provides a user-friendly interface that allows developers to easily make requests to APIs, inspect and manipulate the responses, and test the functionality of the APIs.

With Postman, you can create and send HTTP requests to any API endpoint. It supports various HTTP methods such as GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, and more. You can specify request headers, query parameters, and request bodies to interact with the API and retrieve the desired data.

One of the key features of Postman is the ability to organize and save requests into collections. This allows you to group related requests together, making it easier to manage and share them with your team. Collections can also be exported and imported, facilitating collaboration and knowledge sharing.

Postman provides a robust testing framework that enables you to write and run automated tests for your APIs. You can define assertions to validate the response data, status codes, headers, and more. These tests can be saved as part of your collections, ensuring that your APIs are functioning correctly.

Furthermore, Postman offers a built-in documentation feature called "Postman Documentation." It allows you to generate interactive documentation for your APIs, making it easier for other developers to understand how to use your APIs. The documentation includes details about request endpoints, parameters, response formats, and examples.

Postman supports various authentication methods such as OAuth, API keys, and basic authentication, allowing you to test APIs that require authorization. It also provides options for setting up and managing environments, which helps you configure different variables and switch between different setups (e.g., development, staging, production) without manually modifying requests.

In addition to its core features, Postman offers integrations with popular development tools and services. It can be seamlessly integrated with version control systems, CI/CD pipelines, and API monitoring platforms, providing a comprehensive solution for API development and testing workflows.

Whether you are a developer, a tester, or an API provider, Postman simplifies the process of working with APIs, making it easier to build, test, and document APIs effectively. It has become a widely adopted tool in the software development industry due to its user-friendly interface, extensive feature set, and robust capabilities.
Migration Guide from Routify to SvelteKit Router
Tags: sveltekit, routify, migration
Published: 2023-06-10 20:13:39

### What is the need for migration?

* I had a few personal projects created using Svelte which I am now migrating to SvelteKit.
    
* Svelte did not provide any out-of-box navigation mechanism and hence I was forced to look out for third-party libraries.
    
* SvelteKit, on the other hand, has a built-in mechanism for routing and is constantly evolving for good. Since we have a built-in solution available now, it makes sense to adhere to it.
    

> Before we proceed ahead, I want to stress on this point that Routify is an excellent library. I have used that across many personal and professional projects and the experience has been awesome. The only reason I am migrating from Routify to SvelteKit's built-in router is just my personal opinion which is - I installed Routify only because Svelte didn't have any routing mechanism but SvelteKit does.

### Does Routify support SvelteKit?

* The current version of Routify i.e. v2.18 DOES NOT support SvelteKit.
    
* We will need to upgrade that to [v3-next](https://v3.routify.dev/) and as the name suggests, that is still in beta state.
    
* Just upgrading the package will not be sufficient, we will need to do a couple of more configurations that are specified in their [documentation](https://v3.ci.routify.dev/docs/guide/introduction). I am sure when they release a stable v3 version, they will have a migration guide (from v2 to v3) ready by then.
    

### Process of Migration

Now that we are done with the introduction, let's go through the migration process.

Read rest of the article on my [blogging site](https://blog.aakashgoplani.in/migration-guide-from-routify-to-sveltekit-router)
API Testing Steps Using Swagger
Tags: aspdotnet, webdev, azure, apigateway
Published: 2023-06-10 20:13:13

Swagger is an open-source framework that simplifies the development, design, and documentation of APIs. While it provides tools for API testing, it doesn't directly facilitate the execution of test cases or automate the testing process. However, Swagger provides a way to generate client SDKs for different programming languages based on the API specification.

To perform API testing using Swagger, you can follow these general steps:

1. Create or import an API specification: Swagger supports the OpenAPI Specification (formerly known as Swagger Specification). You can write the specification in YAML or JSON format. If you already have an existing API, you can import the specification into Swagger.

2. Design the API specification: Define the endpoints, request/response formats, parameters, and other relevant details in the API specification.

3. Generate client SDKs: Swagger provides a code generation feature to generate client SDKs for various programming languages based on the API specification. These SDKs can be used to interact with the API endpoints.

4. Write test cases: Using the generated client SDKs or your preferred programming language, write test cases that cover different scenarios and edge cases of your API. These test cases can validate the request and response structures, test the expected behavior, and verify error handling.

5. Execute test cases: Run the test cases against the API endpoints using the client SDKs. The test cases should send requests to the API and validate the responses received.

6. Analyze results: Check the test results to ensure that the API is functioning as expected. Identify any failures or issues encountered during the testing process.

It's important to note that Swagger is primarily used for API documentation and client SDK generation. For automating API testing, you may need to integrate Swagger with other testing frameworks or tools, such as Postman, Newman, or various programming language-specific testing frameworks, to execute the test cases automatically and generate detailed reports.

Additionally, there are specialized API testing tools available in the market that provide comprehensive testing features, such as test case management, test automation, reporting, and more. These tools can work in conjunction with Swagger to enhance your API testing process.
"Defer" Keyword in Golang
Tags: go, webdev, programming, beginners
Published: 2023-06-10 20:10:35

`Most of the Developers are switching to the recently developed Golang tech by Google in 2009 because of its code efficiency and less execution time as it is a compiled language.`

Will talk about an important keyword used in Golang "Defer" in this article..

_Defer is used for some bytes of code if a prior cleanup is required for the function created in Golang before its return.
With the help of "defer" keyword, we can have optimized code promoting more robust and reliable code._

**Defer makes the statement fall at a position in stack that the code after the keyword just takes execution just before the function is returned.
**
Defer Keyword contributes to enhance the code in following ways:

- Cleanup of Code
- To lock the opened results 
- Close opened files to make code reliable.

Refer the code for the same & understand the steps of execution by the summary below :

```
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"os"
)

func main() {
	file := createFile("example.txt")
	defer closeFile(file)

	writeToFile(file, "Hello, Golang!")
}

func createFile(filename string) *os.File {
	fmt.Println("Creating file:", filename)
	file, err := os.Create(filename)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	return file
}

func writeToFile(file *os.File, message string) {
	fmt.Println("Writing to file:", message)
	_, err := file.WriteString(message)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
}

func closeFile(file *os.File) {
	fmt.Println("Closing file")
	err := file.Close()
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
}

```

`In this piece of Code because of we using defer keyword the function just before returning closes the opened file and hence make no mistake & no misplace of any data.`


Defer is a keyword defined its use in the Golang Documentation.
Refer to the documentation to understand more and learn implementation: 
[](https://go.dev/tour/flowcontrol/12)
Swagger Implementation In Asp.net core Web API
Tags: aspdotnet, apigateway, azure, aws
Published: 2023-06-10 20:08:49

To implement Swagger in an ASP.NET Core Web API, you need to follow these steps:

### Step 1: Install the required NuGet packages
In your ASP.NET Core Web API project, you need to install the following NuGet packages:

```
Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Versioning
Swashbuckle.AspNetCore
```

You can install these packages using the NuGet Package Manager in Visual Studio or by running the following command in the Package Manager Console:

```bash
Install-Package Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Versioning
Install-Package Swashbuckle.AspNetCore
```

### Step 2: Configure API versioning
In the `ConfigureServices` method of your `Startup.cs` file, add the following code to configure API versioning:

```csharp
services.AddApiVersioning(options =>
{
    options.DefaultApiVersion = new ApiVersion(1, 0);
    options.AssumeDefaultVersionWhenUnspecified = true;
    options.ReportApiVersions = true;
});
```

### Step 3: Configure Swagger
In the `ConfigureServices` method of your `Startup.cs` file, add the following code to configure Swagger:

```csharp
services.AddSwaggerGen(options =>
{
    options.SwaggerDoc("v1", new OpenApiInfo { Title = "Your API", Version = "v1" });

    // Add support for XML comments
    var xmlFile = $"{Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetName().Name}.xml";
    var xmlPath = Path.Combine(AppContext.BaseDirectory, xmlFile);
    options.IncludeXmlComments(xmlPath);
});
```

### Step 4: Enable Swagger UI and Swagger JSON endpoints
In the `Configure` method of your `Startup.cs` file, add the following code to enable Swagger UI and Swagger JSON endpoints:

```csharp
app.UseSwagger();
app.UseSwaggerUI(options =>
{
    options.SwaggerEndpoint("/swagger/v1/swagger.json", "Your API v1");
    options.RoutePrefix = string.Empty; // Set the Swagger UI at the root URL
});
```

### Step 5: Add XML comments to your API controllers
In your API controller classes, add XML comments to document your API endpoints and models. You can do this by enabling XML documentation generation for your project. Right-click on your project in Visual Studio, go to Properties, and in the Build tab, enable "XML documentation file".

### Step 6: Run the application
Build and run your ASP.NET Core Web API application. You should now be able to access the Swagger UI at the root URL of your application (e.g., http://localhost:5000) and see the generated API documentation.

That's it! You have successfully implemented Swagger in your ASP.NET Core Web API. Swagger provides a user-friendly interface for exploring and testing your API endpoints.
Permission/Roles Voyager Laravel
Tags: laravel, voyager, admin, package
Published: 2023-06-10 20:08:11

Hello! There is a common issue with the Voyager Laravel admin panel where granting full access to clients can lead to them easily breaking the website by deleting pages and performing similar actions. This happens because sometimes we are forced to hardcode certain aspects. Therefore, I have created a package for flexible permission and role management. If you would like, you can check it out on [GitHub](https://github.com/SWEET1S/voyager-co-admin). If you have any other suggestions, I would be glad to hear them.