teleren/devto huggingface dataset:
And Finally for now can we once some thing regarding manual testing
Tags: beginners, tutorial, testing, automation
Published: 2023-09-03 17:20:03

## Manual testing:
	It is a software testing process in which test cases are executed manually without using any automated tool. Here all the test cases are manually executed by the tester in the end user perspective. The difference between the actual output and the expected output is termed as defect and the test report is also prepared manually. Manual testing is done before the automation testing. And as the tester gets familiar with the application in the end user perspective, it will be useful for the tester to check all the bugs and end user’s difficulty and is also useful to write automation testing scripts.

## Types of manual testing:
1.	White box testing: done by developer and the code is visible is so called a white box. Checks whether the cod is written as per the standard or not.
2.	Black Box testing: Done by test engineer and the code is not visible so called as Black box. Checks the functionality.
3.	Grey Box testing:  combination of both white box and black box. It requires requirement document to write test cases.
Some of the **_tools_** used by the manual testers for manual testing are: 
•	Jira
•	Jmeter
•	Mantis
Drawbacks of manual testing:
1.	It needs large number of human resources and hence needs more money resource also.
2.	It is a time-consuming process.
3.	Tester develops test cases based on their skills and experience. There is no evidence that they have covered all functions or not.
4.	Test cases cannot be used again. Need to develop separate test cases for each new software.
5.	It does not provide testing on all aspects of testing.

## Some examples in support of my answer
1.	Need more resources: As this involves manually testing , IT companies need skilled and trained software testers which cost them extra man power and extra cost for the support of that man power.
2.	Time consuming:  As the tester need to execute each test cases manually it requires more time.
•	Regression testing: It is not practically possible to make regression testing again and again with full perfection after each time modification is made in the program.
3.	Test case efficiency: In some cases if testers overlook some test cases, or mis interoret results, or make mistake while executing test cases, the efficiency of the test case may in question.
•	Constraints: Due to time constraints and resource constraints it is not possible to check each and every test cases as expected so as to ensure the application is bug free.
4.	 Test case not reusable:  As the testers need to write again and again some same kind of work they may loss interest. And make mistake even when recreating test cases. It needs more time to test.
5.	All aspects of testing: not possible to perform extensive load testing and performance testing in a level of the market demand.
•	Load testing, stress testing: Practically it is impossible to simulate real world level load and stress level within company by using manual testing.
Azure Devops Workflow
Published: 2023-09-03 17:11:40

"Embracing the beauty of an organized #AzureDevOps workflow! 🌟 From commits to releases, every step matters. 🖥️ Let's build software like pros! #DevOps #CodingJourney #EfficiencyMatters
![Azure DevOps description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/4hs4at70yzh85hj0q7m4.png)
React Native Developers Attention !!
Tags: reactnative, mobile, react, redux
Published: 2023-09-03 17:04:32

### Hi there! 🚀

Let me introduce you to Playwise Esports – your future gaming oasis! 🎮 We're building the ultimate social media platform for gamers where they can connect, compete in tournaments, win cash prizes and in-game items, find like-minded gamers with matching skill levels, check out leaderboards, earn in-app tokens, and much more.

Now, we're on the lookout for a talented React Native developer to help us create top-notch, production-ready mobile applications that will take Playwise to new heights.

📱 Check out our current apps:

iOS app:  https://apple.co/3U2RNKL
Android app:  https://bit.ly/3SpWyO7


If you're passionate about gaming, esports, and want to be a key player in making Playwise the world's best esports platform, reach out to me via DM. We're even open to discussing equity as a way to collaborate and make a significant impact on the gaming community. Let's chat!
SQLDatabase and SQLDatabaseChain for other Forms of Tabular Data
Tags: langchain
Published: 2023-09-03 17:03:53

https://python.langchain.com/docs/use_cases/sql says:

You can load tabular data from other sources other than SQL Databases. For example:

Loading a CSV file ...

However, SQLDatabaseChain.from_llm(llm, db, verbose=True) only take a SQL db as input. How can we use SQLDatabaseChain with other forms of tabular data?
Flutter importance in app development
Published: 2023-09-03 16:46:18

Flutter is an open-source UI software development toolkit created by Google. It has gained significant importance in app development for several reasons:

1. **Cross-Platform Development:** One of the most prominent advantages of Flutter is its ability to build natively compiled applications for mobile, web, and desktop from a single codebase. This significantly reduces development time and effort compared to writing separate codebases for each platform.

2. **Fast Development:** Flutter offers a hot-reload feature, which allows developers to see the results of their code changes almost instantly. This speeds up the development and debugging process.

3. **Rich Set of Widgets:** Flutter provides a comprehensive set of customizable widgets that are visually appealing and provide a consistent look and feel across platforms. This makes it easier to create visually stunning and responsive user interfaces.

4. **Performance:** Flutter compiles to native ARM code, resulting in high-performance applications. It also supports GPU-accelerated graphics, making it suitable for graphics-intensive applications.

5. **Expressive UI:** Flutter allows developers to create complex and custom UI designs easily. It doesn't rely on the native components of the platform, giving developers more control over the look and behavior of their applications.

6. **Community and Ecosystem:** Flutter has a rapidly growing and active community of developers, which means access to a wealth of resources, libraries, and plugins. This community-driven ecosystem accelerates development and problem-solving.

7. **Single Codebase:** Flutter's single codebase approach simplifies maintenance and updates since changes need to be made only once for all target platforms. This reduces the chances of platform-specific bugs and inconsistencies.

8. **Open-Source:** Being open-source means that Flutter is continuously improving and evolving. The community can contribute to its development, ensuring that it stays up-to-date with the latest technologies and trends.

9. **Integration:** Flutter supports integration with various back-end technologies, making it versatile for a wide range of application types, from simple mobile apps to complex, data-driven applications.

10. **Cost-Efficiency:** Developing with Flutter can be more cost-effective than maintaining separate codebases for each platform, as it reduces development and maintenance overhead.

11. **Popular Framework:** Flutter has gained popularity in the developer community and has been adopted by many organizations for their app development projects. This means a growing pool of skilled Flutter developers and more opportunities for collaboration.

While Flutter offers many benefits, it's essential to consider your project's specific requirements and constraints before choosing a development framework. Factors like the target audience, project complexity, and existing technology stack should be taken into account when evaluating the importance of Flutter in your app development efforts.
Let we discuss about some topics like 1) Boundary Value Analysis 2) Decision Table Testing 3) Use Case Testing 4) LCSAJ Testing
Published: 2023-09-03 16:43:59


Boundary Value Analysis 
	It is one of the functional testing. It is based on testing the boundary values of valid and invalid partitions. Boundaries are values where testing is likely to yield defects.
 For each variable we check-
1)	Minimum value.
2)	Just above the minimum.
3)	Nominal Value.
4)	Just below Max value.
5)	Max value.
For example:
If the valid input is between 1 to 10. Then the boundary values are 0,1,2 and 9,10,11.
Limitations:
•	It is useful when the product is under test.
•	BVA is quite rudimentary.
Decision Table Testing
	This technique is used if we have more conditions and we have to perform action based on the conditions at that moment.

	The decision table have four parts they are.
	Stubs	Entries
Condition	C1
C2
C3	
Rule
Action	A1
A2
A3	
Outputs
1.	Condition stubs.
2.	Action stubs
3.	Condition Entries.
4.	Action Entries.

	
For example:
	Condition:
		1. Account has to be approved.
		2. OTP to be matched
		3. Sufficient amount to be present in the account
	Action:
		1. Transfer money.
		2. Show alert message “insufficient account balance”
		3. Block if any suspicious activity.
		TC1	TC2	TC3	TC4	TC5
Condition 1	Account already approved	T	T	T	T	F
Condition 2	OTP Matched	T	T	F	F	x
Condition 3	Sufficient money	T	F	T	F	x
Action 1	Transfer money	Execute				
Action 2	Show insufficient money alert message		Execute			
Action 3	Block the transaction			Execute	Execute	x

Use Case Testing
	It is a Black box testing.Use Case is a tool for defining the required user interaction. It depends on the user interaction and the response of the system to the user’s action. It is mainly user- oriented.  It tests the functional requirement of the system. It usually helps to uncover the integration defects, due to the incorrect interaction between different components.
Use case testing is generally produced from the SRS document. If specific User interaction scenario missed in the SRS document, probably the same be missed in the test case also.
For example:
1.	User - Enters the mail Id.
2.	System – Validates the mail id.
3.	User – Enters the password.
4.	System – Validates the Password.
5.	System – Enter in to respective user mail.

Linear code sequence and jump (LCSAJ) Testing:
	It is a white box testing used to test code coverage. Means what percentage of code is executed with the existing test cases.
It has three components they are 
1)	Start of the segment.
2)	End of the segment.
3)	Target line 
The code usually executes from the start of the segment to the end of the segment and then the control flow breaks the sequential execution and jumps to the target line to transfer the control flow.
For example:
LCSAJ Number	Starting of the segment	Ending of the segment	Target line to transfer control flow
1	4	9	11
2	4	13	7
3	7	10	15
4	7	13	7
5	11	13	7
	
100% LCSAJ coverage means the test data covers all the above LCSAJs in the table.
And line density means number of times the a line number appears in LCSAJs.
Java Spring Boot: log sql query more efficiently
Published: 2023-09-03 16:03:31


## Problem
- Default SQL Log
```bash
spring.jpa.show-sql=true
```

![Default jpa query](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/hq2e7u30zskok2l2ru4s.png)

- But sometimes we need logs with more information such as params, batch batch,... like this one.

![Improved](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/59y2t2d5ynl785wxqz6c.png)

## Solution

- Step 1. Add lib
```xml
<dependency>
    <groupId>net.ttddyy</groupId>
    <artifactId>datasource-proxy</artifactId>
    <version>1.4.1</version>
</dependency>
```

- Step 2. Add this class
```java
// ...your package name

import java.lang.reflect.Method;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInterceptor;
import org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInvocation;
import org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanPostProcessor;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils;

import net.ttddyy.dsproxy.listener.logging.SLF4JLogLevel;
import net.ttddyy.dsproxy.support.ProxyDataSourceBuilder;

@Component
public class DatasourceProxyBeanPostProcessor implements BeanPostProcessor {

    @Override
    public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(final Object bean, final String beanName) throws BeansException {
        return bean;
    }

    @Override
    public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(final Object bean, final String beanName) throws BeansException {
        if (bean instanceof DataSource) {
            ProxyFactory factory = new ProxyFactory(bean);
            factory.setProxyTargetClass(true);
            factory.addAdvice(new ProxyDataSourceInterceptor((DataSource) bean));
            return factory.getProxy();
        }
        return bean;
    }

    private static class ProxyDataSourceInterceptor implements MethodInterceptor {
        private final DataSource dataSource;

        public ProxyDataSourceInterceptor(final DataSource dataSource) {
            super();
            this.dataSource = ProxyDataSourceBuilder
                    .create(dataSource)
                    .countQuery()
                    .logQueryBySlf4j(SLF4JLogLevel.INFO)
                    .build();
        }

        @Override
        public Object invoke(final MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable {
            Method proxyMethod = ReflectionUtils.findMethod(dataSource.getClass(), invocation.getMethod().getName());
            if (proxyMethod != null) {
                return proxyMethod.invoke(dataSource, invocation.getArguments());
            }
            return invocation.proceed();
        }
    }
}
```

## Refs
- This code is copied from the source https://github.com/galovics/datasource-proxy-spring-boot
Matplotlib Tutorial #2: Create a Plot
Tags: datascience, python, beginners, tutorial
Published: 2023-09-03 16:03:23

{% embed https://youtu.be/nWDHoCUBynQ %}

In this blog, I will show you how to create a simple plot in Matplotlib.

---

## Plot

Matplotlib has provided a method called `plot` from `pyplot`. This method requires two arguments, which are the collection of x-points and y-points respectively. Let me show you how to use it.

First of all, you have to import the required packages
```python
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
```

Next, create two arrays that define the points in the x and y coordinates
```python
xpoints = np.array([0, 6])
ypoints = np.array([0, 255])
```

I have defined two points from the above code: (0, 0) and (6, 255).
Then, plot `xpoints` and `ypoints` into the Matplotlib
```python
plt.plot(xpoints, ypoints)
plt.show()
```

The above code will show the following output

![Matplotlib plot](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/9f0nyua44qd7mgba4cxs.png)

---

Congratulations, you have just created a plot in Matplotlib. Thank you for reading this blog, and have a great day!
Gradient Border
Tags: css, frontend
Published: 2023-09-03 15:48:08

**Create a Border Gradient with HTML and CSS **

Finding trick to create a border Gradient with radius for your project? Use this code to achieve that. 

![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/rjeqx9niwc3vxww6yfbo.jpeg)


![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/c1redo5gvu2yc36ls7ak.jpeg)
Matplotlib Tutorial #1: Introduction
Tags: datascience, python, beginners, tutorial
Published: 2023-09-03 15:46:20

{% embed https://youtu.be/9Y0qqKu2M_w %}

Hi everyone, welcome my Matplotlib Tutorial Series! I would like to start this series with a little introduction to Matplotlib.

---

## What is Matplotlib
According to the official documentation, Matplotlib is a comprehensive library for creating static, animated, and interactive visualizations in Python.

The following are the things that you can create with Matplotlob:

![Matplotlib figures](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/tgttapv8utblsww9pvtt.png)

## Prerequisites
To follow this series, you should know:

* Basic of Python Programming Language
* Basic of Mathematics
* Basic of NumPy, you can see my NumPy tutorial series at [https://dev.to/tech_plygrnd/series/24331](https://dev.to/tech_plygrnd/series/24331)

## Tools
You can use Kaggle to follow along with this series. Kaggle is the world's largest data science community with powerful tools and resources to help you achieve your data science goals. Provide many tools to run data science project, including a tool to run NumPy. Kaggle is free and you can sign up at https://www.kaggle.com/

---

Thank you for reading this post and I hope you have a nice day!
Understanding Human-Computer Interaction
Published: 2023-09-03 15:46:14

In today's fast-paced digital landscape, Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), or Interaksi Manusia dan Komputer (IMK) as it is known in Indonesian, has become an increasingly critical subject matter. This scientific discipline explores how humans engage with computer technology, including software, hardware, and user interfaces. This article delves into the definition, core concepts, and the growing relevance of HCI in our modern digital world.

[What is Human-Computer Interaction (HCI)?](https://jalansenja.com/pengertian-interaksi-manusia-dan-komputer/)
Human-Computer Interaction studies the way humans interact with computer technology. This encompasses User Interface (UI) design, User Experience (UX), and the psychological and behavioral aspects that come into play when people use such technology.

Person holding a black iPad with a green plant

HCI plays a crucial role in ensuring that computer technology is both effective and efficient for human use.

The Importance of HCI in Tech Development
A strong understanding of HCI is vital in the development of software and hardware solutions. The primary goal is to create intuitive and user-friendly interfaces. This not only makes the technology more marketable but also delivers a satisfying user experience.

Key Concepts in HCI
User Interface (UI): This is the first element users encounter and interact with when using computer technology. A well-designed interface is vital for a smooth user experience.

User Experience (UX): UX encompasses the overall experience users have when using a product or service. This includes visual design, responsiveness, and ease of navigation.

Usability: Usability measures how easily a product or website can be used by consumers. High usability often correlates with success.

Human-Computer Interaction: This involves all aspects of the interaction between humans and computers, including input, output, and system response to user actions.

Modern tech devices

The Growing Relevance of HCI in Today's Digital World
As our world becomes increasingly digital—thanks to the rise of mobile apps, social media platforms, and smart devices—HCI takes on greater importance. Implementing HCI principles in mobile app development, for example, can boost the app's appeal and utility. Users are more likely to choose and stick with apps that offer a pleasing and easy-to-use experience.

Conclusion
Human-Computer Interaction is a critical discipline in today's tech-savvy world. By understanding how humans interact with computer technology, we can create better, more user-friendly products and services.

In this digital age, the significance of HCI continues to grow and will keep evolving with technological advancements. Let's continue to understand and apply HCI principles in the development of future technologies.

source : [https://jalansenja.com/pengertian-interaksi-manusia-dan-komputer/#google_vignette](https://jalansenja.com/pengertian-interaksi-manusia-dan-komputer)
Advance Tables using only HTML CSS and JavaScript
Tags: codepen, webdev, javascript, opensource
Published: 2023-09-03 15:41:43

<p>Advance tables made using HTML, CSS and JavaScript the tables have also advance filter table inspired from datatables.js but here in this I have not used datatable library I have only used custom script.</p>

{% codepen https://codepen.io/Sonic-AI/pen/abPmZqK %}
Introducing Stack UI
Tags: ui, ux, webdev, opensource
Published: 2023-09-03 15:40:36

It's a Free and Open UI library consisting of freeform UI components and elements and you don't need documentation or any methods to install it.

This allows you to directly access the code right from the platform and it helps you choose the components and elements that only you want in your project. Which gets rid of all unnecessary code and improves performance.

Since you can directly access the code you have full control over the UI component and you can modify it however you want.

Feel free to use this in your projects and do give me a feedback! If you like the project then bookmark it and you will get to see more fun updates.

Also a quick update: On 20th August 2023 I launched Stack UI 1.0 with initial response and feedback now I am introducing Stack UI 1.5

**Link -** https://stackui.co
**Do Support -** https://www.patreon.com/StackUI

![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/bstpaht5x12b985s1w6p.png)
Should you write pseudocode?
Tags: webdev, beginners, productivity, discuss
Published: 2023-09-03 15:39:01


In my early days of learning web dev I would literally just go in straight up and start writing the first thing thats on my mind.Did it work for me? yes. Was it the best approach? No. Sometimes I would get stuck and spend hours on a basic issue mostly because I became burnt out.
After having one of my biggest code choke I resorted to writing pseudocode and  I'm proud to say it's the best and smoothest coding experience. I currently love to spend an average of an hour developing pseudocode. 

My favourite resource is [resource](https://pseudoeditor.com)
Useful NPM Tips and Tricks for Developers
Published: 2023-09-03 15:26:07

NPM, short for Node Package Manager, is a widely-used tool for managing JavaScript packages in a project. It allows developers to install and update packages, as well as manage dependencies and scripts. NPM comes bundled with Node.js, so if you have Node installed on your machine, you automatically have access to NPM as well.
[Read more...](https://amlogy.com/npm-tips-trick/)
What's the most challenging coding problem you've encountered, and how did you overcome it? 😮
Tags: watercooler, discuss, programming, codenewbie
Published: 2023-09-03 14:42:25

So What Was The Biggest Problem You've Encountered While Doing Coding? 😶


Let Everybody Know In Comments! 🤔❤

(Hit a Follow To Me ~ Its a Small Promotion 🤣✋🏻)