Morals, Machines and Practical Mitigations
Tags: ai, ethics, governance, strategy
Published: 2023-06-19 12:37:45

**<u>Intro</u>**:
Artificial Intelligence wave is to enable computers to think and make decisions like humans based on the observation we pass as part of decision making. Just like humans have rules and values that guide their behavior, AI also needs rules to make sure it does things in a fair and good way. We call these rules 'moral' or 'ethics'. We want AI to help people and make the world a better place, so we need to make sure it follows these rules and treats everyone fairly and equally.

<u>**Moral Machine**</u> in actions:
To emphasize the importance of factoring the moral / ethical element while augmenting human decision making, have a play with  AI [MoralMachine](https://www.moralmachine.net/) platform. The platform is designed to explore the moral dilemmas faced by autonomous vehicles and the major challenge of quantifying societal expectations about the ethical principles that should guide machine behavior. 

![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/1w7vkhfmzi1zqade2kgj.png)


Some of the research key headlines based on the responses collected across 150+ countries are as below

1. Morally believe the vehicles should operate under utilitarian principles, but prefer to buy vehicles that prioritize their own lives as passengers.
2. overreactions risk might slow the adoption. How to bring the balance
3. Lack of transparency into the underlying decision-making processes can make it difficult for people to trust

Its clear that to automate the decision making we need collective consent. By bringing together diverse perspectives, we can ensure that AI technologies are developed and deployed in a responsible and inclusive manner. 


Key **Principle** while designing AI systems

![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/c994gspzkxq8k90osvow.png)

**Core Pillars**:

![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/dndu0ak001ckvtq04m0w.png)

**Approach**:
Trustworthy AI is a socio-technological challenge, it needs to be approached holistically. 



![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/0sljap1gv5svqibh9dib.png)


**Governance Framework**:

![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/tailb7a52si1v6qzemq9.png)

**Example**: Automating Hiring System

| Principal      	| Project Risk                                                                                                                                                                                                            	| Mitigations and Requirements                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                	|
|----------------	|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------	|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------	|
| Fairness       	| 1) Historic data set may be   biased towards privileged groups, against protected classes       2) Disparate impacts, discriminatory outcomes                                                                           	| 1) Design thinking scenarios and   training provided to development team (e.g on equity or equality)      2) Supplement training data with synthetic data      3) Iteratively monitor outcomes & KPI’s of models with MRM tooling                                                           	|
| Transparency   	| 1) Stakeholders do not have   access to key information throughout model lifecycle      2) Business users not aware what AI model is optimised for                                                                      	| 1) Facts recorded and accessible   throughout model lifecycle (factsheets & governance tooling)      2) Audit framework and standards applied and information on their use   accessible                                                                                                     	|
| Explainability 	| 1) Model owners cannot explain   outcomes, Inferences are not monitored and system is black box      2) Users do not understand why hiring decisions were made      3) Candidates are not provided appropriate feedback 	| 1) Ensure knowledge of tools and   standards in development team – e.g    Explainability toolkits & SHAP Values       2) Mandatory process - applicants notified of models use and provided   feedback       3) Incorporate functionality into user interface to demonstrate   explanations 	|
| Privacy        	| 1) Breaking privacy policies and   regulation when training model      2) Damage external reputation and internal trust from employees                                                                                  	| 1) Data must be effectively   masked, obfuscated or pseudonymised  in   training and when accessed      2) Permission is requested from data owners for use in model training                                                                                                               	|



**Conclusion**:
The content above was the session educating the need of AI ethical framework for large enterprise at the [London AI summit](https://london.theaisummit.com/). The key takeaway is to have stakeholders from various backgrounds, including experts, policymakers, industry leaders, and the public, to come together and actively participate in shaping the guidelines and principles that govern AI development.