Head and Neck Cancer: Risk Factors
Published: 2023-11-23 06:03:47

Cancer that develops in the cells of the head and neck, known as head and neck cancer. Head and neck cancer include the larynx (voice box), mouth, lips, throat, nose, and salivary glands. Still, the exact reason for head and neck cancer not known but there are certain risks faction that increases the chances of the cancer. It can identified by the symptoms and tests. The tests that conducted for head and neck cancer are:
•	Physical exam: - In this exam, your health care provider will check your oral and nasal cavities throat, tongue, lips, gum, and neck for lumps.
•	Endoscopy: - In this, your healthcare provider uses a thin, lighted tube to see where you facing symptoms such as a nasal cavity, voice box, throat, and other parts.
•	Imaging test: - Your healthcare will prescribe head and neck X-rays, MRIs, PET scans, and CT scans. This test creates pictures of the area where symptoms are seen.
•	Lab test: - In this, your blood sample will take to test viruses like HPV or EBV.
•	A biopsy: - Your provider will collect some tissue where symptoms are seen to examine under a microscope to check cancer cells.
Risk Factors for Head and Neck Cancer
Head and neck cancer often seen in men and people AMAB over the age of 50. Apart from this, sex and age there also the biggest risk factors involved who chew tobacco, consuming alcohol, and HPV infection. There are some risks may vary, which include:
•	Tobacco: - This is the common cause of head and neck cancer. Nearly 70-80 percent cancer directly linked to tobacco use. Using tobacco includes cigars, pipes, smoking cigarettes, chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip. In addition, common contact of secondhand smoke will increase the risk.
•	Consuming too much alcohol: - Drinking too much alcohol will make your immune system weak and increase the risk of head and neck cancer. If you have habit of drinking alcohol, then as per the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, Men and AMAB people can consume not more than two drink, and women and AFAB people can not consume more than one drink.
•	Weak immune system: - A weak immune system will increase the risks of infection and cancer. In addition, this may get weak by recent surgeries like organ or bone marrow transplants or both.
•	Radiation exposure: - Malignant or benign tumor treatment by radiation will increase the risks of salivary gland cancer. In addition, the risks are low, and there is chances are low.
•	Diet: - Consuming too much salt-containing food (like salty meat and fish) will increase the risk of nasopharyngeal cancer.
•	Poor dental hygiene: - Periodontal disease and oral cancer risks will increase if you not taking proper care of teeth and gums.
•	Genes: - If in your family anyone faces head and neck cancer then the risk will increase. But it doesn’t mean you will definitely have head and neck cancer. Your genes will make you develop more easily if you use tobacco.
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