Backup Strategies: Preserving Data Integrity and Resilience with Regular Backups
Tags: beginners, webdev, programming, cloud
Published: 2023-08-12 11:30:00

## Introduction

Data has become one of the most important things now. Companies stored data and processed it to provide a better experience to their users. These data can be a variety of types such as personal information, authentication data, or other application-related data. As the importance of data has increased, there is also an increase in the importance of storing data.

Data can be stored on physical servers or any other cloud-based database. Sometimes, there can be issues with the database such as physical damage, overloading, security negligence, or any other incident causing a break in the normal flow of the database. Such cases can take some time to get restored or many times cause permanent damage. To tackle such scenarios, you should have a backup of the data. 

Backing up data is not a simple process of just having a copy of your production database. It involves multiple critical methods that require to preserve the data integrity and get it running whenever required.

Today, we will look into some data backup strategies you can implement in your data back process. So, let’s get started.

## Backup Frequency
![](https://paper-attachments.dropboxusercontent.com/s_81A935F36E8BBAF8F3EE9AA4E6AD5C9191B5D309B38745513D0329985D69C599_1691650066356_25106321_7015988.jpg)


Based on the data changes and criticality of the data, choose how often you need to perform data backups. When the data is the critical part of your application in the case of a social media-based application, you need to perform data backup more frequently to match the production database. In many cases, it is quite real-time to the storing in the production database. Also, systems with high changes require more frequent backups to minimize loss of data in case of any adversity.

An ideal frequency of data backups can depend on a variety of criteria few of them can be data changes, business impact, criticality of data, storage and bandwidth constraints, and performance impact. Most of the time, a 1-day data backup is enough but sometimes you require more frequently to backup the data.

## **Data Redundancy**
![](https://paper-attachments.dropboxusercontent.com/s_81A935F36E8BBAF8F3EE9AA4E6AD5C9191B5D309B38745513D0329985D69C599_1691650098542_8850059_4022440.jpg)


It is a strategy to maintain different copies of backup in different storage locations. In any case, you do not want to lose your data, if any things happen with the backup and production data, you should have another copy of the backup in different locations. The primary goal of data redundancy is to ensure data availability, reliability, and resilience in case of data loss or hardware failures. 

It is one of the methods that are practiced by most tech giants companies and even lesser-known companies. This will add an extra layer of protection to the data.

## **Offsite Backups**
![](https://paper-attachments.dropboxusercontent.com/s_81A935F36E8BBAF8F3EE9AA4E6AD5C9191B5D309B38745513D0329985D69C599_1691650141961_26432685_databaseadmin_2.jpg)


In the case of physical backups, you should have at least one copy of backups offsite, away from the primary location. This safeguards data against physical damage or loss due to disasters like fires, floods, or theft.

It will also increase the copy of your backup which means having data redundancy also being covered.

## Encryption
![](https://paper-attachments.dropboxusercontent.com/s_81A935F36E8BBAF8F3EE9AA4E6AD5C9191B5D309B38745513D0329985D69C599_1691650302312_6202729_3198965.jpg)


Encrypting the data before the backup has to be done to protect the sensitive data. In any case, these should be protected from unauthorized access. Even if it gets unauthorized access during transit or storage, these should be encrypted. So that, data will eventually become useless. 

There are various methods of encryption that you can use. Here are some of them:

- AES(Advanced Encryption Standard): It is a widely used symmetric encryption algorithm. It is known for its security and efficiency. 
- RSA(Rivest-Shamir-Adleman): It is an asymmetric encryption algorithm used for secure key exchange and digital signature. 
- TLS/SSL: Transport Layer Security(TLS) and Secure Sockets Layer(SSL) are cryptographic protocols. Both these encryption method is used for securing data while transmitting over networks. These include backup data transfer.


> Note: Symmetric encryption uses a single shared secret key to both encrypt and decrypt data. While asymmetric encryption uses a pair of related keys. These keys are public keys and private keys. The public key is used for encryption and the Private key is used for decryption.

## Version Control
![](https://paper-attachments.dropboxusercontent.com/s_81A935F36E8BBAF8F3EE9AA4E6AD5C9191B5D309B38745513D0329985D69C599_1691650412036_11119941_4671190.jpg)


You should implement version control while backing up the data. These will help you have different versions of the backup. These will allow you to recover back to a certain version when required in case of adversity. This can be very helpful if data corruption is not detected initially.

This will help in keeping the history of change which can be valuable for auditing and compliance. Also, it will help protect against loss of data due to accidental or malicious changes. Versioning thus allows precise and flexible data recovery while providing historical data insights.

## Full and Incremental Backups
![](https://paper-attachments.dropboxusercontent.com/s_81A935F36E8BBAF8F3EE9AA4E6AD5C9191B5D309B38745513D0329985D69C599_1691650503638_5928203_3024061.jpg)


Full backups involve copying all the data to the backup storage. While Incremental backups involve copying the only data that has changed since the last backups. Incremental backups can be the solution to a system that has fewer resources. 

Here is a quick comparison to understand both backup methods.

| Points           | Full                                                             | Incremental                                                                                                            |
| ---------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Backup Sizes     | larger in sizes                                                  | smaller in sizes                                                                                                       |
| Backup Frequency | less frequent, often scheduled on daily, weekly or monthly basis | more frequent, scheduled to run on daily or multiple times a day                                                       |
| Restore Time     | restoring data is faster as all data present in single backup    | restoring data requires longer time as it first restore to last full backup and then all subsequent incrmetnal backups |

The choice between these two depends on various factors. As you want to focus on performance, you can choose Incremental backups while your priority lies in faster recovery of data then Full backups are the way to go. But the best way is to combine both of them to strike a balance between data integrity and backup performance. For example, organizations may perform a full backup periodically (e.g., weekly) and supplement it with daily incremental backups to ensure comprehensive data protection and efficient use of resources.

## Performance Impact
![](https://paper-attachments.dropboxusercontent.com/s_81A935F36E8BBAF8F3EE9AA4E6AD5C9191B5D309B38745513D0329985D69C599_1691650442960_12643932_5031659.jpg)


You should take a look into the performance impact on the system while backing up the data. Data backup operations can be resource-intensive and may consume system resources such as CPU, memory, disk I/O, and network bandwidth. As a result, you should consider the performance impact of different kinds of backup strategies. It is essential to find the best performance-based strategies to back up the data. 

There are various tips that you can use to back up the data that will help you not overload the system. Here are some of them:

- **Backup Window:** In this method, backup is only done in a particular timeframe. These times are particularly chosen when the system is not at its peak. Thus allowing, the system to run even with low resources and backup can take place.
- **Backup Frequency:** As discussed earlier, you should find an ideal frequency to back up the data. This frequency should also depend on the resources that are available.
- **Network Impact:** For offsite backups or cloud backups, you should be considered the network bandwidth. Large backup files can cause network congestion. 

You can look at the table for different performance impacts based on the backup strategy you choose:

| **Backup Strategy** | **Description**                                                       | **Perfromance Impact** |
| ------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- |
| Full Backup         | involve copying all the data to the backup storage.                   | High resource usage    |
| Incremental Backup  | involve copying the only data that has changed since the last backups | Low resource usage     |
| Offsite Backup      | involves copying of backup, away from the primary location            | High resource usage    |
| Differential Backup | involves backing up of data since last last full backup               | High resource usage    |

## Conclusion

Implementing effective backups is a crucial part of preserving data integrity. It can help in various adversity such as potential data loss, hardware failures, cyberattacks, or unforeseen disasters. Thus having regular backups to the data will help in safeguarding critical information.

You can choose different backup strategies for your organization based on different criteria such as network bandwidth, storage contrarians, and others mentioned in the article. I hope this article has helped you know various strategies for efficient and effective data backups. Thanks for reading the article.

## Image Credits 

In order of their appearance:

- Image by [Freepik](https://www.freepik.com/free-vector/gradient-hard-drive-illustration_25106321.htm#query=Backup%20Frequency&position=1&from_view=search&track=ais)
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- [Image by storyset](https://www.freepik.com/free-vector/data-protection-law-illustration-concept_6202729.htm#query=encryption&position=2&from_view=search&track=sph) on Freepik
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- [Image by storyset](https://www.freepik.com/free-vector/cloud-sync-concept-illustration_5928203.htm#query=full%20backup&position=3&from_view=search&track=ais) on Freepik
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