How to Create a Healthcare Chatbot Using NLP
Tags: webdev, javascript, beginners, programming
Published: 2023-06-04 15:56:01

Ever since its conception, chatbots have been leveraged by industries across the globe to serve a wide variety of use cases. From enabling simple conversations to handling helpdesk support to facilitating purchases, chatbots have come a long way.

If you were to put it in numbers, research shows that a whopping 1.4 billion people use chatbots today.

Without question, the chatbot presence in the healthcare industry has been booming. In fact, if things continue at this pace, the healthcare chatbot industry will reach $967.7 million by 2027.

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<p>There are several interesting applications for healthcare chatbots. If you’re curious to know more, simply give our article on <a href="https://www.kommunicate.io/blog/top-5-use-cases-of-chatbots-in-healthcare/">the top use cases of healthcare chatbots</a> a whirl.</p>
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<p>It is also important to pause and wonder how chatbots and conversational AI-powered systems are able to effortlessly converse with humans. That too in a language that is simple and easy for us to comprehend.</p>
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<p>This is where Natural Language Processing (NLP) makes its entrance.</p>
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<p>In order to understand in detail how you can build and execute healthcare chatbots  for different use cases, it is critical to understand how to create such chatbots. And this is what we intend to cover in this article.</p>
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<p>Let’s start with the most important question.</p>
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<h1>What is NLP?</h1>
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<p>Natural language - the language that humans use to communicate with each other.</p>
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<p>Programming language- the language that a human uses to enable a computer system to understand its intent. Python, Java, C++, C, etc., are all examples of programming languages.</p>
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<p>Imagine a situation where you can communicate with machines and computers without having to use such programming languages. Easy and seamless. Right?</p>
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<p>Fortunately, you don’t have to put in a lot of effort trying to imagine such a situation because NLP makes this possible.</p>
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<p>Natural language processing is a computational program that converts both spoken and written forms of natural language into inputs or codes that the computer is able to make sense of.</p>
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<p>NLP-powered chatbots are capable of understanding the intent behind conversations and then creating contextual and relevant responses for users.&nbsp;</p>
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<p>With NLP, you can train your chatbots through multiple conversations and content examples. This, in turn, allows your healthcare chatbots to gain access to a wider pool of data to learn from, equipping it to predict what kind of questions users are likely to ask and how to frame due responses.</p>
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<p>Interesting. Right?</p>
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<p>We hope that you now have a better understanding of natural language processing and its role in creating artificial intelligence systems. Let’s now move on to the more details.</p>
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<h1>How do healthcare chatbots using NLP work?</h1>
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<p>A chatbot that is built using NLP has five key steps in how it works to convert natural language text or speech into code. Let’s explore each of these steps and what it entails.</p>
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<h3>1. Tokenization</h3>
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<p>This is the process by which you can break entire sentences into either words. The name of this process is word tokenization or sentences - whose name is sentence tokenization. This is a method of data processing.&nbsp;</p>
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<p>Extract the tokens from sentences, and use them to prepare a vocabulary, which is simply a collection of unique tokens. These tokens help the AI system to understand the context of a conversation.</p>
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<h3>2. Normalizing</h3>
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<p>Imagine that you are texting your colleague. Naturally, different people have a tendency to misspell certain words, use short forms, and enter certain words in uppercase letters and others in lowercase. Essentially, there is a lot of randomness to the way different people text.</p>
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<p>Now, extrapolate this randomness to how people communicate with chatbots. Unless the system is able to get rid of such randomness, it won’t be able to provide sensible inputs to the machine for a clear and crisp interpretation of a user’s conversation. Normalization refers to the process in NLP by which such randomness, errors, and irrelevant words are eliminated or converted to their ‘normal’ version.</p>
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<p>For instance:</p>
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<p><strong>Input</strong>: cn i book an apptmnt with my dr 2day?</p>
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<p><strong>Output after normalization:</strong> Can I book an appointment with my doctor today?</p>
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<h3>3. Recognizing entities</h3>
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<p>Now that a sentence has been broken down (tokenized) and normalized, the system proceeds to understand the different <em>entities</em> in the sentence.&nbsp;</p>
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<p>Entities are nothing but categories to which different words belong to. Some examples of entities include Name, Location, Organization, etc. Recognizing entities allows the chatbot to understand the subject of conversation.</p>
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<p>For instance, take the sentence - Mary works at Mt. Sinai Medical Hospital, North Dakota.</p>
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<p>In this example, the chatbot would recognise Mary as a name, Mt. Sinai Medical Hospital as an organisation, and North Dakota as a location.</p>
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<p>Check out our guide on <a href="https://www.kommunicate.io/blog/intent-and-entities/">Intents vs. Entities</a> to learn more.</p>
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<h3>4. Dependency parsing</h3>
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<p>In natural language processing, dependency parsing refers to the process by which the chatbot identifies the dependencies between different phrases in a sentence. It is based on the assumption that every phrase or linguistic unit in a sentence has a dependency on each other, thereby determining the correct grammatical structure of a sentence.</p>
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<h3>5. Generation</h3>
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<p>This is the final step in NLP, wherein the chatbot puts together all the information obtained in the previous four steps and then decides the most accurate response that should be given to the user.</p>
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<h1>Why should you consider building an NLP-based healthcare chatbot?</h1>
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<p>One of the most important things to understand about NLP is that not every chatbot can be built using NLP. However, for the healthcare industry, NLP-based chatbots are a surefire way to increase patient engagement. This is because only NLP-based healthcare chatbots can truly understand the intent in patient communication and formulate relevant responses. This is in stark contrast to systems that simply process inputs and use default responses.</p>
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<p>You can continually train your NLP-based healthcare chatbots to provide streamlined, tailored responses. This is especially important if you plan to leverage healthcare chatbots in your patient engagement and communication strategy.&nbsp;</p>
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<p>As demand for healthcare systems grows, the only way to cut down overhead costs and increase the efficiency of patient engagement is to deploy conversational AI-powered chatbots built using NLP to act as the first point of contact between your patient and healthcare practice.</p>
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<h2>Building your healthcare chatbot using third-party bot builders</h2>
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<p>In case you don’t want to take the DIY development route for your healthcare chatbot using NLP, you can always opt for building chatbot solutions with third-party vendors.</p>
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<p>For instance, <a href="https://www.kommunicate.io/">Kommunicate</a>, a customer support automation software, enables users to build NLP-powered healthcare chatbots that are not only customized to their business requirements but also can be built with ease. Their NLP-based codeless bot builder uses a simple drag-and-drop method to build your own conversational AI-powered <a href="https://www.kommunicate.io/industries/healthcare" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">healthcare chatbot</a> in minutes.</p>
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<p>You can check it out <a href="https://www.kommunicate.io/product/kompose-bot-builder">here.</a></p>
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<p>Their powerful NLP chatbot builder provides a simple and intuitive interface on a powerful conversational AI system for you to build your healthcare chatbot with ease. In fact, you can build a bot using Kommunicate in just five easy steps. Here’s how:</p>
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<h3>1. Getting started</h3>
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<p>First, you need to sign in to Kommunicate using your email ID. Once you are logged in, open the dashboard and then navigate to ‘Bots.’ Click ‘Create A Bot,’ and that will take you to Kompose, Kommunicate’s bot builder.</p>
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![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/xb3vp6xn77pcltr29vyv.png)

Click ‘Create A Bot’ to start building your bot.

![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/j68ws3kj2vfwrvma7gdl.png)

2. Build your bot
Choose from readily available templates to start with or build your bot from scratch customized to your requirements.

![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/jcvxzqrbm3z8pdip8aq4.png)

Once you choose your template, you can then go ahead and choose your bot’s name and avatar and set the default language you want your bot to communicate in. You can also choose to enable the ‘Automatic bot to human handoff,’ which allows the bot to seamlessly hand off the conversation to a human agent if it does not recognize the user query.


![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/zpxgt94v3rgcmkrgbycl.png)

3. Compose the Welcome message
Once you’ve set up your bot, it’s time to compose the welcome message. The welcome message is basically how your bot greets a user. You can add both images and buttons with your welcome message to make the message more interactive.

![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/nguur2band2uiteosrmd.png)

5. Test your chatbot
Your chatbot is almost ready! Now all you have to do is test it.

![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/oqc991pt5hv3u60zpxrh.png)

In the chatbot preview section, you will find an option to ‘Test Chatbot.’ This will take you to a new page for a demo. 

The chatbot will then display the welcome message, buttons, text, etc., as you set it up and then continue to provide responses as per the phrases you have added to the bot.

Conclusion
Healthcare chatbots are here to stay. What we see with chatbots in healthcare today is simply a small fraction of what the future holds. 

These conversational AI-powered systems will continue to play a crucial role in interacting with patients. Some of their other applications include answering medical queries, collecting patient records, and more. And with the rapid advancements in NLP, it is inevitable that going forward, healthcare chatbots will tackle much more sophisticated use cases.

If you’d like to learn more about medical chatbots, their use cases, and how they are built, check out our latest article here.