5 GPT Prompts to Level Up Your Code Learning
Tags: gpt3, programming, ai
Published: 2023-07-01 22:08:45

## Introduction
In the world of software development and learning, we often come across challenges that require expert guidance. With advanced language models like GPT, seeking assistance has become more accessible than ever. In this blog post, I will explore five useful prompts that can harness the power of GPT to aid developers and learners in various scenarios.

## 1. Asking GPT for debugging
When faced with code debugging challenges, GPT can provide step-by-step guidance to identify and resolve issues efficiently. Simply introduce yourself and your request for assistance, share your code snippet, and explain the problem you're facing. GPT will then offer expert insights and instructions to guide you through the debugging process.
### Example Prompt
please help me to debug this code like you are a senior software engineer give me step-by-step instructions on where to put what to see where problems occur, here is my code

```java

import java.util.Scanner;

public class DynamicArrayAddition {
public static void addElementToArray() {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner([System.in](http://system.in/));
    System.out.print("Enter the number of elements: ");
    int numElements = scanner.nextInt();

    int[] array = new int[numElements];

    for (int i = 0; i < numElements; i++) {
        System.out.print("Please enter element #" + (i + 1) + ": ");
        array[i] = scanner.nextInt();
    }

    System.out.println("Elements in the array:");
    for (int element : array) {
        System.out.println(element);
    }
}

public static void main(String[] args) {
    addElementToArray();
}

}
```

### Response

Certainly! Let's debug your code step-by-step and identify any potential issues. Here are the instructions:

1. First, make sure you have imported the `java.util.Scanner` class at the top of your code. It seems that you have already done that, so no changes are needed here.
2. Next, let's check the `addElementToArray` method. This method handles the user input and stores the elements in an array. It looks fine, but we should add some error handling to handle cases where the user enters invalid input.
    - Before the `int numElements = scanner.nextInt();` line, let's add a try-catch block to handle any input mismatch exception. This will ensure that if the user enters a non-integer value, the program will display an error message and exit gracefully. Modify the code as follows:
        
        ```
        try {
            System.out.print("Enter the number of elements: ");
            int numElements = scanner.nextInt();
        
            int[] array = new int[numElements];
        
            // Rest of the code remains the same
        } catch (InputMismatchException e) {
            System.out.println("Invalid input! Please enter a valid integer.");
            System.exit(1); // Exit the program with a non-zero status code
        }
        
        ```
        
3. Let's move on to the loop that reads and stores the elements in the array. Everything seems fine here, but we should handle the case where the user enters invalid input for the elements.
    - After `array[i] = scanner.nextInt();`, let's add a try-catch block to handle any input mismatch exception. This will display an error message if the user enters a non-integer value for an element. Modify the code as follows:
        
        ```
        try {
            array[i] = scanner.nextInt();
        } catch (InputMismatchException e) {
            System.out.println("Invalid input! Please enter a valid integer.");
            System.exit(1); // Exit the program with a non-zero status code
        }
        
        ```
        
4. Lastly, the code for printing the elements in the array seems correct. No changes are needed here.

Now, let's run the program and test it with different inputs. It should handle invalid input gracefully and provide the expected results.

I hope these step-by-step instructions help you debug your code effectively. If you have any further questions or encounter any issues, feel free to ask!

## 2. Asking GPT to solve a DSA problem
Data structures and algorithms problems can be complex, but GPT can assist you in breaking them down and providing a structured plan to tackle them effectively. This prompt outlines a step-by-step methodology, including verifying constraints, creating test cases, understanding the solution without code, implementing a logical solution, and analyzing time and space complexity. GPT will guide you through each step to ensure a comprehensive understanding of the problem.
### Example Prompt:

"Hi, I have a problem that needs to be solved using Java. Please follow the steps below:

Step 1: Verify the constraints and ensure a better understanding of the question.
Step 2: Write out some test cases with a visual representation. Please explain what is going on with each index in ASCII visual representation.
Step 3: Figure out a solution without code. Dry run each step and use tabular representation to better understand the solution.
Step 4: Write code based on a logical solution. Write the brute force solution first, and then go for the optimal resolution.
Step 5: Explain the code step by step. Go line by line and explain things using easy and simple English vocabulary.
Step 6: Analyze the time and space complexity.

Please follow these rules to crack the question:

- Steps 1 and 2 should be dialogue-based like interviewer and candidate.
- When creating test cases, go step by step to explain what is going on with each index in ASCII visual representation."

Given an array of integers nums and an integer target, return indices of the two numbers such that they add up to target.

You may assume that each input would have exactly one solution, and you may not use the same element twice.

You can return the answer in any order.

Example 1:

Input: nums = [2,7,11,15], target = 9
Output: [0,1]
Explanation: Because nums[0] + nums[1] == 9, we return [0, 1].
Example 2:

Input: nums = [3,2,4], target = 6
Output: [1,2]
Example 3:

Input: nums = [3,3], target = 6
Output: [0,1]

### Response

Sure! Let's follow the steps you provided to solve the problem and explain the process step by step.

Step 1: Verify the constraints and ensure a better understanding of the question.

- The problem asks us to find two numbers in the given array that add up to the target value.
- We can assume that each input will have exactly one solution.
- We cannot use the same element twice.
- The result can be returned in any order.

Step 2: Write out some test cases with a visual representation.

- Test Case 1:
    - nums = [2, 7, 11, 15], target = 9
    - Visual representation:
        
        ```
        nums = [2, 7, 11, 15]
                ↑  ↑
        ```
        
    - Explanation: The numbers at indices 0 and 1 add up to 9.
- Test Case 2:
    - nums = [3, 2, 4], target = 6
    - Visual representation:
        
        ```
        nums = [3, 2, 4]
                ↑     ↑
        ```
        
    - Explanation: The numbers at indices 1 and 2 add up to 6.
- Test Case 3:
    - nums = [3, 3], target = 6
    - Visual representation:
        
        ```
        nums = [3, 3]
                ↑  ↑
        ```
        
    - Explanation: The numbers at indices 0 and 1 add up to 6.

Step 3: Figure out a solution without code.

- We can use a brute force approach to solve this problem.
- Iterate through each element in the array and check if there is another element that adds up to the target value.
- Return the indices of the two elements if found.

Step 4: Write code based on a logical solution.

```
public int[] twoSum(int[] nums, int target) {
    for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
        for (int j = i + 1; j < nums.length; j++) {
            if (nums[i] + nums[j] == target) {
                return new int[]{i, j};
            }
        }
    }
    throw new IllegalArgumentException("No two elements add up to the target.");
}

```

Step 5: Explain the code step by step.

- The `twoSum` function takes an array of integers `nums` and an integer `target` as input.
- It iterates through each element in the array using the outer loop with variable `i`.
- For each element at index `i`, it iterates through the remaining elements using the inner loop with variable `j`.
- It checks if the sum of the current element `nums[i]` and the element at index `j` is equal to the target value.
- If a pair of elements is found that adds up to the target, it returns the indices as a new integer array `[i, j]`.
- If no two elements are found, it throws an `IllegalArgumentException` with the message "No two elements add up to the target."

Step 6: Analyze the time and space complexity.

- Time complexity: The brute force approach has a time complexity of O(n^2), where n is the length of the array `nums`. This is because we have nested loops iterating through all possible pairs of elements.
- Space complexity: The space complexity is O(1) since we are not using any additional data structures.

By following these steps, we have successfully solved the problem and explained the solution in detail.


## 3.Understanding any new concept or problem
Learning new concepts or understanding complex problems can be challenging, but GPT can help simplify them using the Feynman technique. Ask GPT to break down the concept or problem using simple language that anyone can understand. This approach will provide clarity and a solid foundation on the topic at hand.
## Example Prompt:

Hi, could you please help me understand this problem by using the Feynman technique to break it down into small pieces and explain it to me using simple language that a 6-year-old could understand? I would really appreciate your help! [here is my problem]

Given an array of integers nums and an integer target, return indices of the two numbers such that they add up to target.

You may assume that each input would have exactly one solution, and you may not use the same element twice.

You can return the answer in any order.

Example 1:

Input: nums = [2,7,11,15], target = 9
Output: [0,1]
Explanation: Because nums[0] + nums[1] == 9, we return [0, 1].
Example 2:

Input: nums = [3,2,4], target = 6
Output: [1,2]
Example 3:

Input: nums = [3,3], target = 6
Output: [0,1]

## Response

Sure! Let's break down the problem using the Feynman technique and explain it in simple language:

1. **Understanding the problem**: The problem asks us to find two numbers in a given list (array) of numbers that add up to a specific target number. We need to return the indices of these two numbers in the original list.
2. **Gather information**: We have an array of numbers (nums) and a target number. We need to find two numbers from the array that add up to the target.
3. **Simplify the problem**: Let's imagine we have a bag full of numbers written on cards. We want to find two cards from the bag that add up to a specific number that we are looking for.
4. **Think of possible solutions**: One way to solve this problem is to go through each card in the bag and check if there is another card in the bag that, when added to the current card, gives us the target number. If we find a pair of cards like that, we can remember their positions in the bag.
5. **Test the solution**: Let's take the first example given: nums = [2, 7, 11, 15] and target = 9. We start with the first card, which has the number 2. We look through the remaining cards and find that the card with number 7 can be added to 2 to get 9. So, we remember the positions of these two cards: 0 and 1. That means the answer is [0, 1].
6. **Explain the solution**: We have a list of numbers and a target number. We go through each number in the list and check if there is another number in the list that, when added to the current number, gives us the target number. If we find such a pair, we remember the positions of those numbers. Finally, we return the positions of the two numbers we found.

Let's use the second example to see how it works: nums = [3, 2, 4] and target = 6. We start with the first card, which has the number 3. We look through the remaining cards and find that the card with number 3 can be added to 3 to get 6. So, we remember the positions of these two cards: 1 and 2. That means the answer is [1, 2].

The same logic applies to the third example: nums = [3, 3] and target = 6. Here, we have two cards with the number 3. When we add them together, we get 6. So, we remember their positions: 0 and 1. The answer is [0, 1].

In summary, we need to find two numbers from a list that add up to a specific target number. We can do this by checking each number in the list and finding another number that, when added to it, gives us the target number. Finally, we return the positions of these two numbers.

## 4. Learning fundamentals
When learning a new language or concept, focusing on fundamental principles is crucial. You can request GPT's assistance in implementing a specific feature or concept, prioritizing simplicity and clarity. By understanding the fundamental principles, you can build a strong foundation for further learning.

## Example Prompt:

Hi, please help me implement [replace the name]. I'm doing this for the sake of learning, so simplicity is a top priority. Let's focus on fundamental concepts.

## Response

Certainly! Here's a simple implementation of a HashMap in Java focusing on fundamental concepts:

```
class MyHashMap<K, V> {
    private static final int DEFAULT_CAPACITY = 16;
    private Entry<K, V>[] buckets;
    private int size;

    public MyHashMap() {
        this(DEFAULT_CAPACITY);
    }

    public MyHashMap(int capacity) {
        buckets = new Entry[capacity];
        size = 0;
    }

    public void put(K key, V value) {
        int index = getIndex(key);
        Entry<K, V> entry = buckets[index];

        while (entry != null) {
            if (entry.key.equals(key)) {
                entry.value = value;
                return;
            }
            entry = entry.next;
        }

        Entry<K, V> newEntry = new Entry<>(key, value);
        newEntry.next = buckets[index];
        buckets[index] = newEntry;
        size++;
    }

    public V get(K key) {
        int index = getIndex(key);
        Entry<K, V> entry = buckets[index];

        while (entry != null) {
            if (entry.key.equals(key)) {
                return entry.value;
            }
            entry = entry.next;
        }

        return null;
    }

    public void remove(K key) {
        int index = getIndex(key);
        Entry<K, V> entry = buckets[index];
        Entry<K, V> prev = null;

        while (entry != null) {
            if (entry.key.equals(key)) {
                if (prev == null) {
                    buckets[index] = entry.next;
                } else {
                    prev.next = entry.next;
                }
                size--;
                return;
            }
            prev = entry;
            entry = entry.next;
        }
    }

    public int size() {
        return size;
    }

    private int getIndex(K key) {
        if (key == null) {
            return 0;
        }
        return Math.abs(key.hashCode()) % buckets.length;
    }

    private static class Entry<K, V> {
        private K key;
        private V value;
        private Entry<K, V> next;

        public Entry(K key, V value) {
            this.key = key;
            this.value = value;
            next = null;
        }
    }
}

```

Here's a breakdown of the key concepts used in this simple HashMap implementation:

- The `MyHashMap` class is a generic class that can hold key-value pairs of any types `K` and `V`.
- The `buckets` array is used to store the entries. Each entry is an object of the `Entry` class (which is a nested class within `MyHashMap`).
- The `size` variable keeps track of the number of entries in the HashMap.
- The `put` method is used to insert or update a key-value pair in the HashMap. It calculates the index based on the key's hash code and handles collisions by using a linked list at each index.
- The `get` method retrieves the value associated with a given key. It also calculates the index based on the key's hash code and traverses the linked list at that index to find the entry with the matching key.
- The `remove` method removes the entry associated with a given key from the HashMap. It calculates the index based on the key's hash code and traverses the linked list to find and remove the entry.
- The `size` method returns the number of entries currently stored in the HashMap.
- The `getIndex` method calculates the index based on the key's hash code, ensuring that the index falls within the valid range of the `buckets` array.
- The `Entry` class represents a key-value pair. Each entry contains the key, value,

and a reference to the next entry in case of collisions.

This simplified implementation provides a basic understanding of the underlying principles of a HashMap, but keep in mind that a production-ready HashMap implementation would require additional functionality and optimizations.

## 5. Refactoring code
Once your code is functional, it's important to ensure readability and maintainability. Ask GPT to refactor your code, specifying requirements such as proper naming conventions and adherence to language-specific standards. GPT will optimize your code, making it more readable without compromising functionality.

## Example Prompt

could you please make the code more readable? Please use proper naming conventions that accurately represent their purpose, and follow Java naming conventions for variables. Please ensure that the functionality is not affected. [here is my code]

## Response

Certainly! Here's the modified code with improved readability and adherence to Java naming conventions:

```
class MyHashMap<K, V> {
    private static final int DEFAULT_CAPACITY = 16;
    private Entry<K, V>[] buckets;
    private int size;

    public MyHashMap() {
        this(DEFAULT_CAPACITY);
    }

    public MyHashMap(int capacity) {
        buckets = new Entry[capacity];
        size = 0;
    }

    public void put(K key, V value) {
        int index = getIndex(key);
        Entry<K, V> currentEntry = buckets[index];

        while (currentEntry != null) {
            if (currentEntry.key.equals(key)) {
                currentEntry.value = value;
                return;
            }
            currentEntry = currentEntry.next;
        }

        Entry<K, V> newEntry = new Entry<>(key, value);
        newEntry.next = buckets[index];
        buckets[index] = newEntry;
        size++;
    }

    public V get(K key) {
        int index = getIndex(key);
        Entry<K, V> currentEntry = buckets[index];

        while (currentEntry != null) {
            if (currentEntry.key.equals(key)) {
                return currentEntry.value;
            }
            currentEntry = currentEntry.next;
        }

        return null;
    }

    public void remove(K key) {
        int index = getIndex(key);
        Entry<K, V> currentEntry = buckets[index];
        Entry<K, V> prevEntry = null;

        while (currentEntry != null) {
            if (currentEntry.key.equals(key)) {
                if (prevEntry == null) {
                    buckets[index] = currentEntry.next;
                } else {
                    prevEntry.next = currentEntry.next;
                }
                size--;
                return;
            }
            prevEntry = currentEntry;
            currentEntry = currentEntry.next;
        }
    }

    public int size() {
        return size;
    }

    private int getIndex(K key) {
        if (key == null) {
            return 0;
        }
        return Math.abs(key.hashCode()) % buckets.length;
    }

    private static class Entry<K, V> {
        private K key;
        private V value;
        private Entry<K, V> next;

        public Entry(K key, V value) {
            this.key = key;
            this.value = value;
            next = null;
        }
    }
}

```

In this modified code:

- Variable `entry` has been changed to `currentEntry` in the `put` and `get` methods to better reflect its purpose.
- Variable `prev` has been changed to `prevEntry` in the `remove` method for better clarity.
- The naming conventions for method parameters and local variables have been updated to follow Java naming conventions.
- Comments have been removed as the code is self-explanatory.
- The structure and logic of the code remain the same, ensuring that the functionality is not affected.

These changes should make the code more readable and easier to understand.

## Conclusion 
In conclusion, leveraging GPT for developer and learner prompts can be a valuable asset in overcoming challenges and expanding knowledge in the software development field. Whether it's seeking guidance in debugging code, solving complex problems, understanding new concepts, learning fundamentals, or refactoring code, GPT can provide step-by-step instructions and insights to help users achieve their goals. By utilizing these prompts, developers and learners can enhance their problem-solving abilities, improve code quality, and deepen their understanding of various concepts. With GPT's assistance, the journey of software development and learning becomes more accessible and rewarding.