teleren/devto huggingface dataset:
One Byte Explainer - Event loop
Tags: cschallenge, devchallenge, javascript, webdev
Published: 2024-06-14 21:03:15

Hello 👋

Let's start with **Event loop**

## One-Byte Explainer: 

The **Event Loop** is like a traffic cop for JavaScript's code, managing a lane (callback queue) where tasks wait. The cop (Event Loop) processes tasks one by one, checking the call stack and ensuring everything runs smoothly.

## Demystifying JS: Event Loop in Action

**Event Loop** manage asynchronous operations, allowing programs to continue running without getting stuck.

Let's look at a code example and its explanation:

```javascript
console.log("data"); // Output: "data" (immediately)

for (let i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
  console.log(i); // Output: 0, 1, 2, ..., 9 (immediately, one by one)
}

setTimeout(() => {
  console.log('timer operations'); // Scheduled for later execution
}, 10);  // Reliable delay of 10 milliseconds

console.log("after setTimeout"); // Placed after setTimeout for clarity
```
> setTimeout is a function in JavaScript, but it is not a built-in function of the language itself. When you call setTimeout in your JavaScript code, the browser's JavaScript engine creates a timer in the Web API.

Here is the flow for better understanding:

![flow](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/cgkzmyhzwy7frn1e9jjc.png)

1. "data" and the loop outputs from 0 to 9 are printed immediately.

2. Once the loop execution is done, the setTimeout callback is scheduled.

3. The timer starts as part of the Web API.

4. Meanwhile, the event loop keeps an eye on the callback queue for any results from asynchronous operations.

5. Synchronous operations continue, printing "after setTimeout".

6. After 10 milliseconds, the timer completes and the setTimeout callback is placed in the callback queue.

7. The event loop checks the call stack, and once it's empty, it pushes the first item in the queue to the stack for execution, printing "timer operations".

Thank you for reading , See you in the next blog

![final](https://i.giphy.com/media/v1.Y2lkPTc5MGI3NjExbTd1c2I3NGFrYmxvYnB3ZGJqMnphYWM4eDhrODd2NHp0bHk0dms3MiZlcD12MV9pbnRlcm5hbF9naWZfYnlfaWQmY3Q9Zw/lOJKLVYkNDWN8GoPoA/giphy.gif)
UI UX Designer Interview Questions..!
Tags: webdev, ui, interview, javascript
Published: 2024-06-14 20:58:38

Here are most asked questions while giving interview for UI UX Designer position :


![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/hoejsudc776nlfr84pvc.png)

**Q.1 : Tell us about yourself ?**
Ans: this answer includes a short intro of yourself and summary of your work experience and projects
Other forms this question might take:
Why are you interested in UX?
How did you get started in UX?
Tell me a little bit more about your background.

**Q.2 :  What is UX design?**
Ans : UX design stands for User Experience design. It's all about making products (like websites, apps, or even physical items) easy and enjoyable for people to use. UX designers focus on understanding how users interact with a product and then design it in a way that meets their needs and preferences. It's like making sure a road trip is smooth and fun by planning the route, making sure the car is comfy, and putting the snacks where they're easy to reach!
Other forms this question might take:
Why should we hire a UX designer?
What’s the value of UX design?
How do you define UX?

**Q.3 : Tell me about some of your favorite examples of good UX.** 
Ans : This answer contains  about a user’s experience like what a user need to experience when they visit our website or application for example:
Google Search :  Google's search engine is a classic example of excellent UX design. It's simple, fast, and incredibly effective. The search bar is prominently placed, and the results are easy to scan and understand.

**Q.4 What is the difference between UI and UX ?**
Ans:  Think of UI (User Interface) as the look and feel of a house—how the rooms are laid out, where the furniture is placed, and what colors are used on the walls. It's all about the visual design and how things appear to the user.
UX (User Experience), on the other hand, is like the overall experience of living in that house. It's not just about how it looks, but also how easy it is to move around, whether everything is convenient to use, and if it meets your needs effectively. UX focuses on how users feel and interact with the product or service as a whole

“In short, UI is about the visuals, while UX is about the overall user experience. They work together to create products or services that are both visually appealing and easy and enjoyable to use.”

Other forms this question might take:
What’s the difference between a UX designer and a graphic designer?
How is UX design different from visual design?
What sets UX apart from other design disciplines?


**Q.5 : Walk me through your work flow ?**
Ans : Show your work to the interviewer.
Is Data Science Over? What's Changed in 2024?
Tags: datascience, programming, beginners, career
Published: 2024-06-14 20:55:17

Recently, there have been thought-provoking questions about the future of data science. Let's delve into this topic and explore how the field has evolved based on current trends and advancements up to 2024.

🌐 Continuous Evolution: Technological Advancements and Emerging Tools
Instead of fading away, data science is transforming itself. By 2024, significant strides have been made in technologies like AutoML, which streamlines the development of machine learning models without necessitating extensive expertise. For instance, the application of AutoKeras for automating the creation of intricate deep learning models:

![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/sdyul5pbsottgzyahyof.png)

📉 Challenges and New Paradigms: Ethics and Data Privacy
In confronting fresh ethical challenges such as algorithmic bias and data privacy, regulatory frameworks like GDPR persist in shaping data science practices. In 2024, a focus on ethics and transparency remains paramount. Here's an example of implementing ethical practices within machine learning models:

![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/bm8upn2eig9midimigre.png)

🧠 The Role of Automation and Low-Code: Democratization of Knowledge
Despite the streamlining of certain tasks in data science through platforms for low-code development and automation, human expertise remains crucial for interpreting findings and implementing strategic insights. Here's an example of performing exploratory data analysis using Pandas and visualizing data with Matplotlib:

![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/0rnjit5ueyud1ejs69ts.png)

🚀 Conclusion: The Bright Future of Data Science
As of 2024, data science isn't facing obsolescence; instead, it is adapting and flourishing with advancements in technology, an enhanced emphasis on ethics and privacy, and more accessible knowledge. Embracing these transformations and continually evolving with the field is crucial for success.

How do you envision these changes influencing your work or future prospects in data science? Share your insights and experiences! 🔍📈💬
Random Thoughts on Implementing Reactions
Tags: opensource, integration, pidgin, purple
Published: 2024-06-14 20:48:09

I was randomly thinking of how we'd integrate stuff like Mastodon, Twitter, Facebook posts, YouTube videos, and so on into Pidgin 3. Now I'm not saying **I'm** planning on implementing these, but thinking about these helps determine how the interface should work to make them possible while still supporting traditional chat applications.

Replies/comments will be easy as they'll be built into libpurple. The protocol would just treat each post or whatever has a channel or group direct message and then everything else is business as usual.

However reactions might get weird because some of these only allow a few different reactions. For Mastodon and Twitter this is star/like, YouTube is thumbs up and thumbs down, and Facebook has it's normal 6 or whatever reactions.

Reactions are something we _need_ to have and it's a topic I haven't actually spent much time thinking about it, but it's going to be coming up soon (tm), so I've been slowly working the problem.

In traditional chat applications you can usually react with anything from the [Unicode Emoji list](https://www.unicode.org/emoji/charts/full-emoji-list.html) which would have made this whole thing easy if that were the only thing you could react with.

However, other chat networks have custom emoji that can be used as reactions too. Discord in particular makes this kind of funky because some servers won't allow custom emojis and other servers only let you use their custom emojis on their server.

With that background now, it becomes obvious that the only real way to determine what reactions are available for a given message is to ask the protocol plugin itself on a per message basis.

This means that we will have to add additional API to do this. This is anything major, and protocols that have a static list of elements, like Mastodon, Twitter, YouTube, etc will just have a simple function that can return the available reactions, where as something like Discord can go and ask the server what's available if need be.

Now that the UI knows what reactions the user can use, it can then pass it on to the protocol which will actually pass it on to the server doing what it needs to do.

We still need to figure out the exact representation reactions, which will _probably_ just be an `id, `icon-name`, and `description`, but since most reactions are repurposed emoji, we'll probably have to wait until those are sorted out before moving forward.

At any rate we now have some ideas on how to move forward here which is always a good place to be :)
P vs NP Problem
Tags: cschallenge, devchallenge, challenge, devto
Published: 2024-06-14 20:27:55

The P vs NP problem is one of the most interesting and unanswered questions in computer science. The solution learns that every problem that can be checked quickly (in polynomial time, called NP) can also be solved quickly (in multi-cycle time, called P).


![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/t2lwrqdbyrdj6bdfbtxy.png)



### The point is P and NP

1. **Class P (Time of Polygamy)**:
   - This problem can be solved efficiently - in polynomial dimension with input size.
   - Example: Sorting a list of numbers using an algorithm like QuickSort or MergeSort.

2. **Class NP (Nondeterministic Polynomial Time)**:
   - Although the solution to this problem may be complex, once given, there is a solution that can be quickly tested.
   - Example: Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) - take a tour, check if the cottage is fast, but finding a short cottage tour is difficult.

### Central question

P vs NP begs the question: If we can quickly find solutions to problems, can we also quickly find solutions to them? Is P formally equivalent to NP?

### Why does it matter?

Deciding P vs NP has profound implications:

1. **Cryptography**:
   - The security of cryptographic systems like RSA depends on the difficulty of problems like prime factorization. If P equals NP, this problem can be solved quickly, compromising the security of world data.

2. **Optimization with AI**:
   - Many complex optimization problems of logistics, scheduling and artificial intelligence are NP-complete. If P is equal to NP, it will transform this industry and allow this problem to be solved efficiently.

3. **Scientific Research**:
   - Fields such as biology (protein folding), chemistry (molecular interactions) and physics (simulation of quantum systems) are often classified as NPs. Overcoming this will effectively accelerate scientific discovery.


![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/rsnrhg549i6jwtmiexfv.png)


### Current Perspectives

Despite several decades of research, P vs NP remains unresolved. Many computer scientists think that P is not the same as NP, some problems are hard to solve, but easy to check. The issue is one of seven issues in the Millennium Prize, with a $1 million prize for clear evidence.

### The Broader Impact

Understanding that P is equal to NP is beyond theoretical curiosity. It challenges our fundamental understanding of problem solving and the limits of computing. If P equals NP, it will represent a new limit of algorithmic capabilities, capable of solving problems that are currently intractable.


### The results

The P vs NP problem is at the heart of theoretical computer science with important practical implications. The solution will not only advance our theoretical understanding, but will affect many real-world applications, from cybersecurity to scientific research. Until then, it remains a fascinating mystery that continues to inspire and challenge the brightest minds in the field.
How I Developed a Classic Snake Game Using Python and Pygame
Tags: beginners
Published: 2024-06-14 20:24:01

As a lawyer who has ventured into the exciting world of programming, I've always looked for ways to bridge my new coding skills with fun, engaging projects. That's why I decided to recreate the classic Snake game, giving me a fantastic opportunity to explore game development with Python. This post details my journey in developing the Snake game and reflects on the learning opportunities it presented.

The "Classic Snake Game" allows players to control a snake, aiming to eat apples that randomly appear on the screen. Each apple eaten increases the snake's length and the game's speed, making it progressively more challenging. The game was developed using Python and Pygame, a set of Python modules designed for writing video games.

To bring this project to life, I relied on Python for its straightforward syntax and Pygame for its ability to handle game-specific tasks like rendering graphics and playing sounds.

During the game's development, I encountered several challenges, particularly around handling game states and user input. One significant hurdle was ensuring that the game accurately detected collisions and updated the game state accordingly. I resolved this by carefully structuring the game loop and collision detection logic, which was crucial for maintaining the flow and integrity of the game.

Key Features

- Dynamic Collision Detection: The game checks for collisions not just between the snake and the apples, but also between the snake and its own body, adding complexity and challenge.
- Audio Feedback: Incorporating sound effects like a crunch when the snake eats an apple and a crash when it collides with itself, enhancing the user experience.
- Score Display and Game Over Screen: A scoreboard updates in real-time, and a game over screen offers options to restart or quit, making the game user-friendly.

This project deepened my understanding of Python programming and game development concepts. I learned the importance of managing game states and user interactions in real-time, which are critical skills in any software development field.

The "Snake Game" is in its initial phase, and there are numerous enhancements that could be implemented, such as:

- Increasing Game Complexity: Adding more levels or obstacles.
- Enhancing User Interface: Introducing custom themes and graphics to make the game visually appealing.
- Multiplayer Functionality: Allowing more than one player to compete on the same screen.

I invite everyone to check out the code on my GitHub repository (https://github.com/codecounsel/snake_game1/tree/main) and contribute suggestions for improvements or new features. Your feedback is vital in helping this project evolve!

Developing the "Snake Game" was an enriching experience that combined my passion for programming with the joy of game development. I am eager to continue enhancing the game, adding features, and improving the design. I look forward to any feedback that can help take this project to the next level!
Ebook - Do Zero ao J.A.R.V.I.S. - Criando seu Assistente Personalizado com IA e Python
Published: 2024-06-14 20:21:49

Olá mais uma vez galera Devs! 
Hoje venho trazer um e-book que elaborei junto a um bootcamp da DIO  que me apresentou todo o caminho das pedras para elaborar e-books de forma profissional e simples. Gratidão.
Neste e-book ensino o passo a passo e de forma prática como recriar o J.A.R.V.I.S., assistente pessoal do Homem de Ferro.
Sobre o projeto J.A.R.V.I.S, coloco em prática conceitos do curso da Alura com o Google sobre integração de APIs do Gemini,  além de utilizar diversos conceitos sobre Python que aprendi durante a minha jornada de desenvolvedor. 
O J.A.R.V.I.S funciona como se fosse a Alexa ou a Siri, respondendo a comandos de voz com através da biblioteca speech_recognition. Ele possui um comando de pesquisa que utiliza uma API do Google que o conecta diretamente com o Google Gemini e obtem as respostas solicitadas. O Jarvis também pode executar e abrir diversas funções em seu computador como calculadora, paint, word, excel, etc. utilizando a biblioteca OS para interagir diretamente com seu sistema operacional. Todas essas funcionalidades interagindo de forma iterativa com o usário entendo o que é dito e retornando respostas de audio.

![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/9s411cy5scv94rtdj9cn.png)

Segue link da publicação em meu LinkedIn:
https://www.linkedin.com/posts/carlos-cgs_do-zero-ao-jarvis-carlos-cgs-activity-7202264831473684480-HX9y?utm_source=share&utm_medium=member_desktop

_Vamos Disseminar os Conhecimentos e Transbordar Tudo o que Aprendemos!
_
Segue lá no GitHub: https://github.com/Carlos-CGS
Segue lá nos LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/carlos-cgs/
One Byte Explainer: Homogenous coordinates
Tags: devchallenge, cschallenge, computerscience, beginners
Published: 2024-06-14 20:21:12

*This is a submission for [DEV Computer Science Challenge v24.06.12: One Byte Explainer](https://dev.to/challenges/cs).*

## Explainer

To display a 3D scene on a 2D screen, each point needs to be projected. This can include multiple steps. Homogenous coordinates, introduced by A.F. Möbius in 1827, provide a way to combine the whole transformation pipeline into a single matrix operation.



<!-- Team Submissions: Please pick one member to publish the submission and credit teammates by listing their DEV usernames directly in the body of the post. -->

<!-- Don't forget to add a cover image to your post (if you want). -->

<!-- Thanks for participating! -->
Object Oriented Programming (OOP) Made Simple!
Tags: oop, java
Published: 2024-06-14 20:21:02

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is a way of writing computer programs that focuses on creating objects that contain both data (attributes) and functionality (methods).

Example: **Car Object**

Imagine we want to model a car in a computer program using OOP principles.

1. **Class Definition:**

- A class is like a blueprint or template for creating objects. 
For our car example, the class defines what a car is and what it 
can do.

class Car:
    def __init__(self, make, model, year):
        self.make = make
        self.model = model
        self.year = year
        self.odometer = 0  # Initial odometer reading

    def drive(self, distance):
        self.odometer += distance
        print(f"The {self.year} {self.make} {self.model} has 
        driven {distance} miles.")

- In this example:
  Car is the class that represents a car.

- __init__ method (constructor) initializes a new car object with attributes like make, model, year, and odometer.

- drive method simulates driving the car and updates the odometer.


2. **Creating Objects (Instances):**

- An object is an instance of a class. We can create multiple cars (objects) based on our Car class.

code-
  # Create instances (objects) of the car class
my_car = Car("Toyota", "Camry", 2022)
your_car = Car("Honda", "Accord", 2020)

 #use the objects (instances) 
my_car.drive(100)
your_car.drive(50)

- my_car and your_car are objects (instances) of the Car class.

- We can use the drive method on each car object to simulate driving and update their odometers.

3. **Encapsulation:**

- It means mechanism of wrapping the data and hiding the implementation details

4. **Inheritance and Polymorphism:**

- Inheritance allows us to create a new class based on an existing class, inheriting its attributes and methods. For example, we could create a ElectricCar class that inherits from Car and adds additional features like charge_battery'.

- Polymorphism allows objects to be treated as instances of their parent class. For example, both Car and ElectricCar objects can be treated as Car objects when methods like drive are called.


**Summary:**

- Class is a blueprint for creating objects.

- Object is an instance of a class.

- Attributes are data stored in objects (e.g., make, model).

- Methods are functions that operate on objects (e.g., drive).

  

**Explaining more Details about Inheritance and Polymorphism in next    article.** And if you have any doubt so please write on comments and please give me feedback!!
Thanks!
Deploying NextJS apps with PipeOps
Tags: nextjs, pipeops, hackathon, pnpm
Published: 2024-06-14 20:14:06


It's Day 2 of [**Pipeops HackOps 1.0**](https://pipeops.io/hackathon) and participants are building at full speed 🚀. Just look at the [**leaderboard**](https://pipeops.io/hackathon/leaderboard) 😮‍💨

However, PipeOps is a new platform and as such the builders are still trying to find their footing with it. In light of that here's a quick guide to deploying Next JS apps on Pipeops

- Start a new project and select Web Project as project type
![Create a new project](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/fia3umh7tjocktzct5oe.png)

![Select Web Project as project type](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/1dzmvd4745w8ymwjqvrk.png)

- Select your preferred git provider, the account/organization your project repo is on and your project repo

![Select your preferred git provider, the account/organization your project repo is on and your project repo](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/wdf993z5ip7lcmj5f8vf.png)

- Hit proceed on project summary
- In project build settings, make sure Framework is set to NextJS build method is set to Nixpack

![Framework is set to NextJS build method is set to Nixpack](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/rjuffsrcqskjepluph8e.png)
- Hit 'Deploy project' and watch the magic happen
- Your NextJS app is now live!

![The NextJS project is now live](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/5w417iifwv60jqlfropg.png)

<br>
## Troubleshooting
### Error 503
One of the more common errors participants have run into when deploying NextJS apps is the `503 Error` with their live links. This issue has been addressed by the team but here's a rundown incase you missed it 👇
In your project's build settings, change build method is to Heroku BuildPack and that should settle it.
![Build Settings with build method set to Heroku BuildPack](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/c2k9bel1gv6dflgtjf1k.png)

### pnpm
If you're a space saving weirdo (Like me 🤡) that uses pnpm, you need to make sure the following is in order
- Set Lifecycle command to `pnpm run`
![Lifecycle command in build settings set to pnpm build](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/6qfk8813gfygxn6p0abj.png)
 
- When using Heroku BuildPack, specify your pnpm version by running commands in your local environment and commit the resulting change to your `package.json` file before building
```
corepack enable

corepack use pnpm@*
```

**Note:** Terminal must be running as administrator 

### Image optimization
If you're having `Error 404` or `Error 502` when trying to load images, you probably have issues with optimization and that can easily be resolved by installing _sharp_

```
npm i sharp

pnpm add sharp
```
Thanks for reading, happy building! 

See you at the finals 🫵