Don't Get Stuck in the Differential: Understanding Your Differential Electronic Module
Tags: differentialelectronicmodule
Published: 2024-05-16 11:30:38

Tendons thrust into the ground, pull away, and then thrust again. If you are the driver of a car with all-wheel-drive (AWD), you will have noticed this phenomenon when you drive in rain or snow. There is an extra bit of grip on the road, thanks to the AWD system. But what makes this ingenious piece of engineering tick? It is the humble and hard-working[ Differential Electronic Module ](https://www.sinspeed.co.uk/category/dpf-removals/)(DEM).
 This often-overlooked component is critical to your car’s AWD performance, and if you understand how it works, you can learn to appreciate it and identify problems—so buckle up![ Differential electronic module.](https://www.sinspeed.co.uk/category/dpf-removals/)

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## What is a Differential Electronic Module (DEM)?
 The DEM (differential electrical module) is the electronic controller that regulates your car’s AWD by way of the differential, a gear set that allows the wheels on the same axle to rotate at different speeds (necessary for cornering). In all driving conditions, the DEM in your AWD system controls the split of torque between the front and rear wheels, increasing traction and handling.
Consider the DEM to be an orchestra's AWD conductor. It collects inputs from the wheel speed sensors and steering angle sensors, evaluates them, and then commands the hydraulic pump and clutch in the differential to spread the amplification of torque to each wheel to optimise your car’s stability and control.
DEM: The Mastermind of AWD Performance
Here are some of the DEM's primary functions and the reasons a comfortably stable AWD drive requires them.
 Torque Distribution: The DEM utilises information from the vehicle sensors that continuously assess driving conditions and provide real-time information about the conditions to the DEM. Based on this information, the DEM dynamically determines the optimum torque split between the front and rear axles. For instance, in snow-covered conditions, the DEM might suggest a torque division that would send more torque to the rear axle.
 Better Handling: By more evenly apportioning torque through the corners, the DEM reduces understeer (front wheels getting out of grip) and oversteer (rear wheels getting out of grip), improving overall driver control and security. 
 Increased stability: By changing the traction at each wheel, the DEM helps the vehicle maintain grip on uneven surfaces or pull out of sudden evasive manoeuvres.
Fuel Efficiency: In some cases, it can improve the distribution of torque to the wheels to minimize power loss and, therefore, increase fuel mileage. For example, driving on dry pavement and employing all four wheels to apply traction to the road (which front-wheel-drive vehicles generally do anyway) will diminish fuel economy. So, if the DEM determines the road is dry and fully trafficked, it may offer more power to the front wheels, which handle the brunt of this type of traction.
What are the signs of a defective differential electronic module?
 Often, one component of our defence system is particularly vulnerable: our default emotion machine, or DEM. Over time, our default emotion machine (DEM) can become worn or even broken, revealing your true self, which is kind and caring—until a DEM ensnares your true self within its twisted manipulations. Occasionally, your DEM may sustain damage, fall victim to deception, or become trapped in the incorrect path. Here are two possible indicators that can point your way:
Most vehicles now have an AWD warning light that will illuminate if the DEM detects an AWD system failure.
 Lower Traction: If you notice a significant loss of traction, especially when the ground is slippery, you might be suffering from a bad DEM.
 Unusual sounds: If you hear grinding or clunking noises from the differential, the most likely culprit is the DEM-controlled hydraulic pump or clutch.
Jerky or erratic handling: If you notice your car starting to jerk and wiggle during turns or acceleration, a faulty DEM may be unable to handle torque distribution correctly.
Taking care of your differential electronic module is important.
 The DEM is a complex device, but here are a few simple ways to keep it running: 
 Preventative Maintenance: And keeping up with the manufacturer’s recommended maintenance schedule (which likely includes inspection and service of the individual AWD system components) can mitigate a great deal of DEM issues. 
 Avoiding Harsh Driving: How you drive can affect the AWD system and DEM; off-roading, driving in wet grass, or aggressive manoeuvres can cause extra stress on functions that impact the overall AWD system, including the DEM. Driving gently can help prolong the performance of the components.
Warning Signs: If you see a warning light or notice any strange behavior with your AWD, address it immediately to avoid costly repairs.

#### Conclusion:
 The Differential Electronic Module: A Silent Guardian
Yes, the DEM is a simple black box. But without it, your AWD vehicle can’t keep gravel between the tyres and under the bonnet. Understanding the function of the differential electronic module and being aware of possible problems will allow you to appreciate it and take measures to ensure it keeps working correctly. Indeed, if it malfunctions, you may find yourself halted. Driving in inclement weather is often enjoyable, but it can also be dangerous. The differential electronic module can make a trip safer—and maybe even a bit more fun. Next time you take a snowy road by surprise, think of the differential electronic module working quietly under the hood that makes it possible.