What is Cross Browser Compatibility and Why is it Important?
Tags: crossbrowsercompatibility, testing, testgrid
Published: 2024-03-18 13:53:33

Browser compatibility is a term that refers to the ability of a specific website and application to be fully functional on different browsers. In this modern digital world, businesses rely heavily on their online presence to attract and retain customers, so websites should be accessible across different devices and browsers to ensure a seamless user experience.

Different browsers should be compatible with the website’s HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. In this article, we’ll discuss the importance of cross-browser compatibility, exploring the common issues, best practices, and emerging trends in this field.

## What Is Browser Compatibility Testing
 
Browser compatibility testing is a type of non-functional testing, which ensures that all functions are working properly on different browsers, like Microsoft Edge, Google Chrome, Safari, etc. As all browsers have their own configuration and code interpretation, browser compatibility ensures application uniformity  those. However, due to compatibility issues, websites may react differently on different browsers and at this point, testing of the browser compatibility takes a crucial role to ensure flawless user experience.

## How Browser Compatibility Works?

There are multiple web browsers available in the market and each of them has its rendering engine and interpretation of web technologies, ensuring that your web browser works consistently across them can be a complex task. This can be done by using web standards, which are agreed-upon guidelines for how web pages should be coded. When a browser encounters a web page that is coded according to web standards, it should be able to render the page correctly, regardless of the browser’s own implementation of those standards.

Each browser has its own rendering engine, which interprets HTML, CSS, and JavaScript code and renders it into a visual representation that users can interact with. For example, Google Chrome uses Blink, Mozilla Firefox uses Gecko, while Safari uses WebKit.

To ensure cross-browser compatibility, web developers and designers must test their websites across different browsers to identify and fix any discrepancies or bugs. They can also use tools and frameworks that help streamline the process of testing and ensuring compatibility across different browsers.

## Common Cross Browser Compatibility Issues to Avoid?

To ensure a smooth cross-browser experience, you need to know about the most common cross-browser compatibility issues related to the development.

**Different CSS rendering:** Different browsers take CSS rules differently. It leads to an inconsistent layout, unnecessary spaces, and front rendering. To avoid these types of glitches developers need to rely on the standard CSS compliant for a consistent rendering.

**Compatibility with JavaScript:** The behavior of JavaScript may vary across different browsers. Even today, some latest JavaScript features are not supported by older browsers or require polyfills or transpilers to work.

**Bypass the unsupported HTML5 and CSS3 features:** Sometimes many browsers do not support the latest HTML5 and CSS3 features. Using unsupported features can result in broken layouts or missing functionality in certain browsers. To prevent this, research and understand which HTML5 and CSS3 features are supported in your target browsers.

Touch and gesture issues – Mobile browsers handle touch and gesture events differently, which can impact the usability of touch-friendly websites.

**Browser-specific bugs:** Some browsers may contain some bugs which can create a major fault in the future. So, it is really important to remove those bugs to sustain the best user experience.
Best practices to achieve cross-browser compatibility

The main goal of the cross-browser compatibility testing is to mark and address the bugs and errors when users visit your website from different applications.  It is crucial to ensure that your website or web application functions correctly and appears consistently across different web browsers and versions. 

**Here are some key considerations –**

**Define the Browser and Device Matrix:** You need to identify the targeted browser versions by considering their working on different devices and platforms. You also need to create a matrix to list all the targeted browsers and their various versions that your target audience is likely to use.

**Framework Encapsulation:** Using a framework to encapsulate your code is a great way to start developing a website. Frameworks provide many advantages, including being optimized for cross-browser issues and automatically creating responsive elements. By using a framework, developers can focus on the functionalities while leaving the cross-browser compatibility issues to the framework.

**Using automation testing tools:** Automation testing tools like Selenium, Cypress, and TestGrid can significantly speed up the cross-browser compatibility testing process. These tools test the websites across various browsers simultaneously, without the need for manual intervention.

**Develop a channel for code validation:** This step deals with the W3C standards. A well validated code makes the website compatible and minimizes the risk of issues arising due to syntax errors or non-standard practices.

**Retest and regression:** Adding a [retest and regression testing](https://testgrid.io/blog/difference-between-retesting-and-regression-testing/) channel helps the development to fix the compatibility issues. Whenever changes or updates are introduced, retesting the website across the defined browser and device matrix helps to identify and address any potential compatibility problems early on.	

		
**Set up some feedback loops:** Set up some feedback loops to ensure that your website works well across different browsers and devices. Encourage user feedback through a “Report a Bug” button and respond promptly to user reports. User feedback acts as a real-world validation mechanism, helping you identify and rectify hidden compatibility challenges.


## Conclusion

As the digital world evolves and updates continuously, with new versions and devices becoming outdated, cross browser testing is essential to ensure that websites and web applications work as intended for all users. Here in this article today, we have learned about browser compatibility and its importance with the issues related to it. Cross-browser compatibility is an ongoing challenge, but with the right approach and best practices, we can make it more diverse and dynamic in the future.
This blog is originally published at [TestGrid](https://testgrid.io/blog/what-is-browser-compatibility/)