teleren/devto huggingface dataset:
Linux Booting process
Tags: linux
Published: 2024-04-22 09:59:16

First of all, once a user turn the power on, the BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) is loaded from the ROM embedded on the motherboard. BIOS is responsible for initializing hardware such as screens, keyboard and testing the memory.
BIOS is not a part of OS (Operating System), but a component of hardware. After BIOS completes its tasks, the system control is passed to boot loader, which is responsible for loading and initializing operating system.
For BIOS/MBR system, the boot loader is stored in the boot sector, also known as MBR (Master Boot Record), which is the first sector of a disk, while for EFI ((Unified) Extensible Firmware Interface) system, the boot loader is stored in a partition of a storage (usually SSD or HDD), which is called ESP (EFI System Partition).
There are several boot loaders can be used
- GRUB (GRand Unified Boot loader) for most of the Linux system
- ISOLINUX for booting Linux system from removable disk
- DAS U-Boot for booting Linux system in embedded devices

At the beginning of tasks the boot loader will do, the boot loader prompts the user to choose options for booting Linux or even alternative operating systems. In case of booting Linux, the boot loader is responsible for loading the kernel image and the initial RAM disk or filesystem (contains critical files and device drivers necessary for starting the system) into memory.

The boot loader is executed on the two distinct stage.
At the first stage, for BIOS/MBR system, the boot loader looks up partition table and finds a bootable partition. Once it finds a bootable partition, then it finds and loads the second stage boot loader, such as GRUB. For EFI/UEFI system, UEFI firmware reads the Boot Manager data which describes which UEFI application is to be launched and which partition the EFI exists. The UEFI firmware launches UEFI application, GRUB for instance, as defined in the boot entry in the firmware's boot manager. EFI/UEFI method is more versatile than the old BIOS/MBR method.
At the second stage, the GRUB allows the user to choose which operating system or kernel to be launched. Once an OS or kernel is selected, GRUB loads kernel on the memory and passes control to it. The kernel is usually compressed such that the first thing the kernel should do is uncompressing itself. And then, the kernel will analyze and check the state of hardware, and initialize hardware driver built into the kernel.

[TODO]
Music Monday — What are you listening to? (Music Videos Edition)
Tags: watercooler, discuss, music
Published: 2024-04-22 10:20:00

_cover image source: [Giphy](https://giphy.com/gifs/mtv-mtv-logo-Zopn2Ou2WBOmI)_

**Continuing our visual voyage through music, I wanna turn our attention to music videos. Music videos came to vogue in the MTV era and really transformed the way we consume music. In some ways, it pulled the attention away from the music itself and put it more on the surrounding visuals. Some folks used the new medium to further accent and even elevate their art, telling stories that capture the essence of the song. Others kept the videos simple — just a band on a stage playing their instruments — using it as an opportunity to show off their skills and highlight the musicians. And still others took it as a chance to show off their amazing dancing, good looks, or wild styles! In any case, music videos caught on big time and haven't really waned since... like album art, the music video was birthed because of the particular technology at the time and then became a staple of the industry. Today, MTV seems to care less and less about music videos... luckily, there are places like YouTube where you can dig up music videos on demand. Because these places are easy enough to post to and build an audience, you even get some artists who prioritize creating music videos and posting them online... this occasionally leads to some super creative content that likely wouldn't have made it through a major label and marketing team. Anywho, I realize I could probably wax on and on about music videos, but I'll wrap it up so we can get to sharing. As always, feel free to step outside the guidelines and share whatever music interests ya. BTW, if you're gonna share something that is NSFW, please be polite and leave some sort of warning. Thanks y'all!**

![Michael Jackson from the music video Thriller sitting in a movie theater and snacking on popcorn while grinning a huge grin.](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/ng6cfzc7eh1q1o4ucsel.gif)

***

## How we do 

In this weekly series, folks can chime in and drop links to whatever it is they've been listening to recently + browse others' suggestions. You can follow the suggested genre if you'd like, but don't feel confined to it; you're free to suggest whatever you wanna. 🙌  

If you're interested in having other discussions about music, consider following the aptly named [#music discussions](https://dev.to/music-discussions) organization.

{% embed https://dev.to/music-discussions %}  

***

Y'all ready to watch some music videos? 🍿

_Note: you can embed a link to your song using the following syntax `{% embed https://... %}`. This should work for most common platforms!_

Looking forward to listening to y'all's suggestions! 🎶

***

**🚨_p.s. Check out @rachelfazio's sister series to Music Monday, called [Podcast Palooza](https://dev.to/rachelfazio/series/26422)!_🚨**
LLM Token Pricing, LLM Tokenomics
Tags: llm, pricing
Published: 2024-04-22 10:16:14

In our latest [post](https://llm.extractum.io/static/blog/?id=llm-token-pricing), we examine the cost of LLM tokens, affordable LLM hosting options (considering both LLM and embedding models), and comparison with proprietary services.


![LLM Tokenomics](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/n9b1vh2r1fzeqqdw5lfv.png)

Stay tuned!
Elevate Your Remote Team's Efficiency with Leiga's AI-Powered Screen Recording Tools
Tags: ai, productivity, collaboration
Published: 2024-04-22 10:13:54

In the ethos of project management, efficiency and clear communication with distributed teams are paramount. Leiga's AI Screen Recording function is designed with these core principles in mind, offering a streamlined solution to plan work asynchronously, bolster communication, and enhance the efficiency of remote teams.

![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/0s3jukpcm0idbqlznd0t.png)

**Planning Asynchronously with Precision**

Efficient Asynchronous planning requires tools that offer clarity and context without the need for real-time interaction. Leiga's screen recording feature empowers users to share actionable content directly within tasks. It allows team members, regardless of time zones or schedules, to view, understand, and act on information at their convenience, mitigating the delays that often hinder project momentum.

**Enhanced Efficiency for Distributed Teams**

Distributed teams often face the challenge of keeping all members aligned. Leiga’s easy-to-use screen recording bridges this gap, enabling users to visually convey their message as if they were presenting in person. This method of sharing ideas and showcasing bugs expedites troubleshooting and helps maintain the pace of work, crucial for the productivity of teams spread across different locations.

**Streamlined Management of Team Communication**

The AI transcription capability coupled with Leiga's screen recording consolidates the essence of communication within the platform. Team members receive not just visually detailed reports but also transcribed texts, which are crucial for those who prefer or require written documentation. Additionally, the intelligent suggestion system presents team members with potential next steps, ensuring everyone remains proactive.

Together, these features position Leiga's AI Screen Recording as a powerhouse tool for project management in the modern workplace. It redefines team interaction, enabling users to navigate and thrive in an environment where collaboration is key, but physical presence is optional.

By leveraging Leiga for your project management needs, you can elevate your team to new heights of productivity and collaborative success, even when they are worlds apart. Experience the integration of innovative technology and user-centric design with Leiga, and transform the way your team tackles projects—one screen recording at a time.
Implementing Multilingual Support in Next.js with next-i18next
Tags: nextjs, i18n, webdev, programming
Published: 2024-04-22 10:00:35


At [itselftools.com](https://itselftools.com), we've built over 30 robust applications using Next.js and Firebase, accumulating a wealth of development insights. Today, we're sharing how to implement multilingual support in your Next.js applications using the `next-i18next` package. This approach enhances user experience by catering content in various languages, crucial for global reach.

## Understanding the Code Snippet

Here's a closer look at the code snippet involved in setting up `next-i18next`:

```javascript
import { nextI18NextMiddleware } from 'next-i18next/serverSideTranslations'
import NextI18Next from 'next-i18next'
const nextI18n = new NextI18Next({ defaultLanguage: 'en', otherLanguages: ['de'] })
export const getServerSideProps = async ({ req, res }) => {
    await nextI18NextMiddleware(req, res, nextI18n)
    return { props: { ...await serverSideTranslations(req.locale, ['common', 'footer']) } }
}
```

### Step-by-Step Breakdown

1. **Importing Modules:** The `nextI18NextMiddleware` and `NextI18Next` are imported to facilitate internationalization.

2. **Initializing nextI18Next:** `NextI18Next` is instantiated with English as the default language and German as another option. This sets the foundation for translating content based on user preference/language setting.

3. **getServerSideProps Function:** This async function is crucial for server-side rendering in Next.js. The middleware `nextI18NextMiddleware` is applied to the request and response objects, ensuring the translations are loaded as per the incoming request’s locale.

4. **Returning Translations:** The final return from `getServerSideProps` includes the translated strings needed for the page, specifically from 'common' and 'footer' namespaces. This makes these translations available as props in your Next.js page components.

## Practical Use and Benefits

Utilizing `next-i18next` not only simplifies managing translations but also automates a lot of the language switching complexities. This setup ensures that your application can serve a wider audience by adapting to their language preferences, which is key for international applications.

## Conclusion

Implementing multilingual support in your Next.js applications through `next-i18next` enhances accessibility and user experience. To see these techniques applied in real-world applications, visit our projects like [Online Archive Extractor](https://online-archive-extractor.com), [Online Image Compressor](https://online-image-compressor.com), and [OCR Free](https://ocr-free.com). These tools demonstrate effective multilingual implementation enhancing user engagement across different regions.

Leveraging `next-i18next` effectively will position your Next.js applications to operate globally with ease, reaching a broader, more diverse audience.
Active Directory (AD) vs Azure Active Directory (AAD)
Tags: microsoft, beginners, devops, python
Published: 2024-04-22 10:00:00

# Definition

### Active Directory (AD):

Active Directory is a Microsoft technology used to manage computers and other devices on a network. It is a primary feature of Windows Server, an operating system that runs both local and Internet-based servers. AD allows network administrators to create and manage domains, users, and objects within a network, providing a way to organize a large number of users into logical groups and subgroups, while providing access control at each level.

### Azure Active Directory (AAD):

Azure Active Directory, now known as Microsoft Entra ID, is a cloud-based identity and access management solution from Microsoft that helps organizations secure and manage identities for hybrid and multicloud environments.

# Differences

While AD and AAD share some basic identity management capabilities, they serve very different purposes. AD is meant for internal networks, managing traditional on-premises infrastructure and applications. In contrast, AAD is designed to support web-based services that use RESTful interfaces for Office 365, Google Apps, etc., and uses different protocols for working with these services (SAML, OAuth 2.0.)

# Use Cases in Companies

AD is typically used for:

- Organizing users and computers within an on-premises network.
- Authenticating and authorizing access to network resources.
- Managing policies and permissions through Group Policy.

AAD is commonly used for:

- Managing user identities and access to cloud applications.
- Implementing single sign-on (SSO) across multiple services.
- Enhancing security with multi-factor authentication (MFA) and conditional access policies.

# Accessing AD and AAD with Python

Both AD and AAD can be accessed using Python. 

For AAD, Microsoft provides the Microsoft Authentication Library (MSAL) for Python, which allows you to sign in users or apps with Microsoft identities and obtain tokens to call Microsoft APIs such as Microsoft Graph or your own APIs registered with the Microsoft identity platform

For AD, while there isn't a direct SDK, you can interact with it using various Python libraries that handle LDAP protocols, which AD uses for directory services.

---
## Explore more

{% embed https://dev.to/luca1iu %}

Thank you for taking the time to explore data-related insights with me. I appreciate your engagement.

{% cta https://www.linkedin.com/in/lucaliu-data %} 🚀 Connect with me on LinkedIn {% endcta %}

{% cta https://twitter.com/Luca_DataTeam %} 🎃 Connect with me on X {% endcta %}
Cost-Effective Solutions: How Mobile Car Repair Can Save You Money in Dubai
Tags: mobilecarrepair, mobilecarservicedubai
Published: 2024-04-22 09:58:43


![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/xek0aty20nsutuqa1cs9.jpg)In a city as vibrant and bustling as Dubai, efficient transportation is crucial for both residents and visitors. However, encountering car issues can be a significant inconvenience and expense. That's where Mobile Car Repair services come in, offering cost-effective solutions to keep your vehicle running smoothly while saving you money in the process.

Convenience at Your Doorstep
With Mobile Car Repair services, gone are the days of waiting in long queues at traditional repair shops or dealing with the hassle of arranging for your vehicle to be towed. Our team brings the [workshop to your doorstep](https://www.snashcarsme.com/services/car-service), providing on-the-spot repairs and maintenance at a time and location that suits you best. Whether you're at home, work, or even stuck on the side of the road, our technicians are just a phone call away, ready to diagnose and fix your car issues promptly.

Eliminating Overhead Costs
One of the significant advantages of Mobile Car Repair services is the elimination of overhead costs associated with traditional repair shops. By operating without a physical storefront, we can offer competitive pricing and pass on the savings directly to our customers. Say goodbye to inflated service fees and unexpected charges – with Mobile Car Repair, you only pay for the services you need, without any hidden costs or surprises.

Preventive Maintenance for Long-Term Savings
Regular maintenance is key to extending the lifespan of your vehicle and minimizing the need for costly repairs down the line. With Mobile Car Repair services, we take a proactive approach to preventive maintenance, helping you identify and address potential issues before they escalate into major problems. From oil changes to brake inspections, our technicians ensure your vehicle remains in optimal condition, saving you money on expensive repairs and replacements in the future.

Quality Workmanship, Guaranteed
When it comes to car repairs, quality workmanship is non-negotiable. At Mobile Car Repair, we take pride in the expertise and professionalism of our technicians. With years of experience in the automotive industry, our team is equipped to handle a wide range of repairs and maintenance tasks with precision and efficiency. Plus, we stand behind the quality of our workmanship with comprehensive warranty coverage, giving you added peace of mind and assurance that your vehicle is in good hands.

Conclusion
In conclusion, Mobile Car Repair services offer a cost-effective and convenient solution to your car repair and maintenance needs in Dubai. From on-the-go repairs to preventive maintenance, we are committed to saving you time and money while ensuring your vehicle remains in top-notch condition. Say goodbye to expensive repair bills and hello to hassle-free car care with Mobile Car Repair.
Assisting an HRTech Startup with Customization for VIP Clients
Tags: hrtech, frontend, ruby, react
Published: 2024-04-22 09:53:38

In 2022, a startup approached Evrone seeking assistance in developing a Custom HR Management System to automate HR tasks. Evrone provided backend and frontend developers skilled in HR process automation. Despite confidentiality constraints, Evrone played a crucial role in developing tailored HR workflows, integrating systems, and implementing features like auto-enrollment, authentication, NPS surveys, filtering, group pages, and chats. They also focused on establishing Agile processes for effective project management. Evrone's expertise ensures clients receive comprehensive support and advice, making them an invaluable outstaff team.

[Read the full case study here.](https://evrone.com/cases/resolvhr)
Upload Project ke gitHub with VSCode
Published: 2024-04-22 09:51:44

GitHub adalah platform pengembangan perangkat lunak berbasis web yang memungkinkan pengguna untuk menyimpan, mengelola, dan berkolaborasi dalam proyek perangkat lunak menggunakan sistem kontrol versi Git. 

Dengan GitHub, pengguna dapat membuat repositori (repos) untuk menyimpan kode program, mengelola berbagai versi dari kode tersebut, melacak perubahan yang dilakukan oleh kontributor, serta berkolaborasi dengan tim dalam pengembangan perangkat lunak. 

Pertama: Unduh dan instal Git [link;](https://git-scm.com/downloads)

Kedua: Daftar untuk akun GitHub. [Langkahnya](https://learn.microsoft.com/id-id/visualstudio/version-control/git-create-github-account?view=vs-2022)


![Image description](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/0vhwwuv488s733w1k03p.JPG)

Kemudian periksa konfigurasinya dengan perintah:

```
git config --list
```

##Cara Membuat Repositori Baru dalam Proyek

Perintah git init nama-dir digunakan untuk membuat repositori Git baru dengan nama direktori yang disediakan. Ini akan membuat direktori baru dengan nama yang ditentukan (jika belum ada) dan menginisialisasi repositori Git di dalamnya. Setelah inisialisasi, Anda dapat mulai menambahkan file, melakukan komit, dan bekerja dengan repositori tersebut menggunakan perintah Git lainnya.

```
git init CssCheatSheet
```
SEO Services
Published: 2024-04-22 09:51:11

---
title: SEO Services
published: true
description: Experience unparalleled website growth with Glorywebs' expert SEO services. Our tailored strategies ensure maximum visibility and traffic, driving your business towards success. Trust our dedicated team to optimize your online presence and achieve top search engine rankings. With proven techniques and meticulous attention to detail, we help you stand out in a competitive digital landscape. Elevate your brand's visibility, attract more visitors, and boost conversions with Glorywebs' comprehensive SEO solutions. Partner with us to unlock the full potential of your website and dominate search engine results like never before. 
tags: 
# cover_image: https://direct_url_to_image.jpg
# Use a ratio of 100:42 for best results.
# published_at: 2024-04-22 09:48 +0000
---
Tenda AC1200 Smart Dual-Band Wi-fi Router
Published: 2024-04-22 09:43:39

With Gigabit speeds compliant with IEEE802.11ac， AC6 v5.0 offers throughput as high as 1167Mbps. The latest features, including beamforming+ technology and MU-MIMO, power them. With the 28nm CPU, independent power amplifiers, and four 6dBi high-gain antennas, you will have an uninterrupted gaming experience and 4K video streaming. AC6 v5.0 has excellent eco credentials too. With a power-saving function, app-based management and migrating PPPoE user credentials allow for a more innovative and eco-friendly digital life.
Meet 3 New ODBC Drivers for Microsoft Access, Airtable, and ServiceNow
Tags: odbc, odbcdriver, devart
Published: 2024-04-22 09:34:59

Devart, a recognized vendor of world-class data connectivity solutions for various data connection technologies and frameworks, released 3 new ODBC Drivers for [Microsoft Access](https://www.devart.com/odbc/access/?utm_source=medium&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=pr_3newodbc), [Airtable](https://www.devart.com/odbc/airtable/?utm_source=medium&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=pr_3newodbc), and [ServiceNow](https://www.devart.com/odbc/servicenow/?utm_source=medium&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=pr_3newodbc). 

Now the ability to transfer data from Microsoft Access databases is much more streamlined, efficient, and robust, even for MacOS and Ubuntu. 

Users can store, organize, and collaborate on data using their preferred applications with ODBC Driver for Airtable.

Users of ServiceNow can easily set up, manage, automate, and structure inventory and chain operations.

**The list of the features:**

- Windows 32-bit and 64-bit are supported.
- Linux 32-bit and 64-bit are supported for Microsoft Access.
- macOS 64-bit and ARM (Apple Silicon M1 and M2) are supported for Microsoft Access.
- Seamless connectivity.
- Real-time data access.
- Customizable queries.
- Easy setup.

To learn more about the recent release and download new products, visit: 
https://blog.devart.com/new-odbc-beta-drivers-for-microsoft-access-airtable-and-servicenow-now-available.html

**Devart ODBC Drivers** are high-performance connectivity solutions with enterprise-level features for accessing the most popular database management systems and cloud services from ODBC-compliant reporting, analytics, BI, and ETL tools on 32-bit and 64-bit Windows, macOS, and Linux. Our ODBC drivers fully support standard ODBC API functions and data types to enable easy access to live data from anywhere.

**About Devart** 
 
Devart is one of the leading developers of database tools and administration software, ALM solutions, data providers for various database servers, data integration, and backup solutions. The company also implements Web and Mobile development projects. 
For additional information about Devart, visit https://www.devart.com/.
Tenda Routers
Published: 2024-04-22 09:32:48

**Tenda Pakistan** serves as more than just an online platform; it acts as your gateway to reliable networking solutions in Pakistan. With a commitment to excellence, we offer an extensive array of Tenda routers and Tenda Wireless Devices, which set the benchmark for quality and innovation in the industry. Our [Tenda Routers](https://tenda.com.pk/) are designed to cater to diverse needs. Moreover, we are providing unparalleled wireless connectivity and high-speed internet access for both homes and businesses.
mongodb常见操作
Published: 2024-04-22 09:29:52

- 进入mongodb容器:  `docker exec -it mongodb bash`

- 连接数据库:
进入bin文件夹然后执行`mongosh db_name -u ... -p ...`

- 创建root用户:

```
db.createUser({ 'user' : 'root', 'pwd' : '123123', 'roles':[ {role:'root',db:'admin'}  ]})
```