The React Tower of Babel: Navigating Complexity in Javascript Web Development
Tags: react, webdev, javascript, nextjs
Published: 2024-04-02 05:44:36

Rumblings of discontent have once again surfaced about the current state of Javascript (JS) development, particularly within the React ecosystem. For a web developer like me, who's been smitten with JS since the [GeoCities](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GeoCities) days, this is kind of exciting as it is a chance to revisit and analyze the landscape.  Over the years, building and maintaining web projects has given me a front-row seat to JS's humble beginnings and remarkable growth into an ever-expanding global ecosystem.

But with this growth has come growing complexity and [concerns](https://macwright.com/2024/01/03/miffed-about-react) from a large developer community. As someone deeply invested in the JS story (both emotionally and financially!), these rumblings naturally grab my attention – and that of many fellow JS developers.

This piece delves into these anxieties surrounding JS development, particularly those stemming from the React ecosystem. Drawing on my experience, I'll offer my perspective on the issues and potential solutions.

TLDR; Don’t worry. Plan.

## The Ever-Expanding World of JavaScript Web Dev

![JavaScript is a global language](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/ltnpvmwrkv478u820ruk.jpeg)


Javascript's journey began in 1995 as a browser scripting language, then became the foundation for popular libraries like jQuery. [Node.js in 2009](https://youtu.be/SfWPqr04srM?si=vemGj-sm4ig6KU5F) propelled JS beyond the browser, and the modern era saw an explosion of front-end frameworks and libraries (Angular, Vue, Svelte, [React](https://youtu.be/gmp0istg5xo?si=UJX4aHhBz5aTZQ6u)). With React Native and Electron, JS expanded to mobile and desktop. Now, frameworks like Next.js and Remix hint at a merging of back-end and front-end development, with a return to server-side rendering, reminiscent of the pre-React era dominated by PHP.

This rapid growth, particularly within the React ecosystem, has led to a vast array of tools and frameworks. While this offers developers flexibility, it can also be overwhelming. The lack of clear direction from React, with its various contributors and competing philosophies, can leave developers, especially newcomers, questioning the "best" path forward. Choosing the right tools becomes a time-consuming effort, further compounded by the complex interdependencies within the ecosystem.

This complexity,  which I liken to a "Tower of Babel," fuels [anxieties](https://dev.to/matfrana/react-where-are-you-going-5284) about a growing sense of ["weirdness"](https://youtu.be/oQiEZ8adag0?si=7K_eDSD11K71flv-) and ["complexity."](https://javascript.plainenglish.io/react-js-is-just-a-dependency-in-the-2024-faaf0318da6d) There's a yearning for a simpler, more straightforward approach to JS development, a sentiment echoed in recent articles highlighting these anxieties.

## Concerns about Centralization

### Is React getting too cozy with Vercel?
Vercel's been on fire lately. They're the main contributor to Next.js, the top React framework, and they’ve got their own hosting that works like a charm with Next.js apps. But deploying those apps anywhere else? Not exactly a breeze.

This tight bond between Vercel and Next.js has some developers feeling uneasy. Vercel's been working super close with the React team at Meta, and they've even brought on some key React contributors. It's almost like Vercel gets to peek at secret features (like React Server Components) before they're ready for everyone else in the core React library. This favoritism towards Next.js has some worried that Vercel might hold too much sway over React's future.

While tight integration of hosting and frameworks isn't entirely new, the level of seamlessness between Vercel and Next.js is unique. The tight integration is unprecedented in recent memory for the React ecosystem, and the developer community is [understandably wary](https://blog.cassidoo.co/post/annoyed-at-react/).  This "golden child" treatment for Next.js could leave other frameworks and deployment options out in the cold. Could this cozy relationship between Vercel and Next.js stifle innovation by making it harder for other frameworks and deployment tools to compete?

### Silver Linings of Open Source Collaboration with Corporations
While private companies in open source can be concerning, their contributions have been instrumental in JS web development's success. Google's investment in the V8 engine dramatically improved JS app performance. Airbnb's contributions to React Native libraries and Facebook's financial backing for React itself are prime examples. Similarly, Joyent's initial backing for Node.js and Expo's contributions to React Native showcase the positive impact private companies can have.
The key lies in striking a balance. While stable, popular frameworks offer benefits, a healthy ecosystem thrives on diverse, competing solutions that drive innovation. Strong open-source communities and open collaboration alongside measured private investment have been instrumental in driving JS web dev forward in the past. Maintaining this balance will ensure a future for JS development that is both innovative and stable.

## Why a Buffet of Frameworks is a Good Thing
### Competition Breeds Innovation
The tight relationship between Vercel and Next.js is definitely a head-scratcher for some developers. But before we get too worried, let's not forget the big advantage of having a smorgasbord of frameworks in the JavaScript world: choice.
The wide array of choice creates healthy competition. Frameworks have to constantly improve and offer unique features to stand out. Think about it like smartphone brands – each one innovates with new features and functionalities to win over users. It's the same principle here. Diverse frameworks push each other to be better, offering more options and better tools for developers in the long run.

### The Right Tool for the Job
Think of it this way: it's not just a confusing mess of options, but a giant toolbox. Each framework offers a specific set of tools, and developers get to pick the perfect one for the job at hand. React is a powerful tool in this toolbox, but it's not the only hammer.

![The available toolbox of JS libraries and frameworks is vast](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/54nse6wic4577z6acp18.png)


Building a simple landing page with a small team? A rapid prototyping framework might be perfect. But a complex financial app needs something more robust, secure, and backed by a big community. The beauty of the JS ecosystem is that it caters to these different needs, and that includes the option to explore frameworks entirely outside the React world.  Remember, React isn't a sacred cow –  if its future direction doesn't align with your project's needs, there are plenty of other excellent options available.

## A Healthy Future for JavaScript
The current concerns surrounding the JavaScript ecosystem are signs of a healthy, engaged developer community. Sure, there are worries about control and complexity, but JavaScript's history shows us that working together and building new ideas will win out again. JS developers, please keep voicing your concerns – we need them; nay, we thrive on them!

While the vast array of tools and frameworks can feel overwhelming, it empowers developers with unmatched choice for their projects. The key for JavaScript's future is finding a balance between reliable, popular frameworks and keeping the space open for fresh ideas and new tools. Ultimately, fostering a healthy balance between stability, innovation, and a thriving open-source community will ensure JavaScript remains a powerful and versatile language for shaping the web of tomorrow.

*This conversation is far from over.*  As JavaScript's ecosystem continues to evolve, so too will the discussions surrounding it. Even with decades of experience, one developer's view is limited; thus I'm always interested in hearing different perspectives. I'm happy to hear other thoughts on the points raised here, or entirely different perspectives on the state of web development in the JavaScript ecosystem today.

_N.B: Note of thanks to the team that does the actual [babel/core](https://www.npmjs.com/package/@babel/core) package that I and others have heavily relied on in many projects. In titling this I thought about what a fitting name this project has and how helpful it has been in keeping us building._


### Appendix
- [React where are you going](https://dev.to/matfrana/react-where-are-you-going-5284)
- [Miffed about react](https://macwright.com/2024/01/03/miffed-about-react)
- [Kind of annoyed at React](https://blog.cassidoo.co/post/annoyed-at-react/)
- [React’s getting a bit weird](https://youtu.be/oQiEZ8adag0?si=7K_eDSD11K71flv-)
- [React JS is just a dependency in 2024](https://javascript.plainenglish.io/react-js-is-just-a-dependency-in-the-2024-faaf0318da6d)
- [The decline of react](https://gomakethings.com/the-decline-of-react/)
- [Concatenating text](https://johan.hal.se/wrote/2024/01/24/concatenating-text/) 
- [React is just weakness leaving your codebase](https://dev.to/begin/removing-react-is-just-weakness-leaving-your-codebase-4pin)
- [Node.js documentary](https://youtu.be/SfWPqr04srM?si=vemGj-sm4ig6KU5F)
- [ReactJS documentary](https://youtu.be/gmp0istg5xo?si=UJX4aHhBz5aTZQ6u)
- [Babel Core](https://www.npmjs.com/package/@babel/core)
- [GeoCities](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GeoCities)