Understanding Decorators in Python A Deep Dive
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Published: 2024-05-21 07:46:43

[Decorators ](https://nearlearn.com/python-classroom-training-institute-bangalore)are a powerful feature in Python that allow you to modify the behavior of a function that take another function as an argument and have wrapped inner function or a class method. They are often used to add "wrapping" functionality, such as logging, access control, memoization, and more. In more details, decorators are just functions that can use arguments of passed function and our decorator return this wrapper function In this deep dive, we'll explore what decorators are, how they work, and provide examples of their usage.
What is a Decorator?
A decorator is a function that takes another function and extends or alters its behavior. Decorators, functions are taken as the argument into another function and then called inside the wrapper function.Decorators are often used to abstract away repetitive tasks from the core logic of functions.
Basic Structure of a Decorator
A decorator is structural design pattern essentially a function that lets you attach new behaviors to object inside special wrapper  another function, allowing you to modify or extend the behavior of the latter. Decorator is a structural design pattern that lets you attach new behaviors to objects by placing these objects inside special wrapper objects that contain the behaviors.
To understand the basic structure of a decorator in Python, let’s break it down into its core components. A decorator is essentially a function that wraps another function or class to modify its behavior. Here’s the fundamental structure of a decorator
 Basic Components of a Decorator
1.	Decorator Function: The outer function that takes a function as an argument and returns a new function.
2.	Wrapper Function: The inner function that wraps the original function. This is where the additional behavior is defined.
3.	Return Statement: The decorator function returns the wrapper function, effectively replacing the original function with the wrapped one.




Advanced Decorator Structure
To understand the basic structure of a decorator in Python, let’s break it down into its core components. A decorator is essentially a function that wraps another function or class to modify its behavior. Here’s the fundamental structure of a decorator They specify how separate objects interact. Structural patterns are about ways to compose and layer abstractions, they are things like adapter, bridge, and composite. Decorator is a technique for composing functionality, so it goes with the structural patterns.

What are the principles of decorator?
Decorators in Python are built on several key principles. Understanding these principles helps you effectively use and create decorators .Key prininciples of the Decorator Design Pattern include the open and closed principle open for extension closed for modification they decorate .Single responsibility principle one reason to change and interface conformance decorators implement the same interface as the object they decorate. Here are the core principles
1.	Higher-Order Functions
2.	First-Class Functions
3.	Closures
4.	Function Composition
5.	DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself) Principle
6.	Separation of Concerns
7.	State Retention
The principles of decorators in Python include leveraging higher-order and first-class functions, utilizing closures, composing functions, adhering to the DRY principle, promoting separation of concerns, and enabling state retention. These principles make decorators a powerful and flexible tool for extending and modifying the behavior of functions and methods in a clean, reusable manner.
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