Why Verifiable Computing Matters In The Decentralized Cloud Era?
Tags: compute, web3, decentralized, spheron
Published: 2024-04-03 09:33:34

---
title: Why Verifiable Computing Matters In The Decentralized Cloud Era?
published: true
date: 2024-02-16 05:39:26 UTC
tags: compute, web3, decentralized, spheron
canonical_url: https://blog.spheron.network/why-verifiable-computing-matters-in-the-decentralized-cloud-era
---

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The decentralized cloud is becoming popular for storing data and running applications. Companies like [Dfinity](https://dfinity.org/), [OORT](https://oort.io/), [Akash](https://akash.network/), and [Spheron Network](https://www.spheron.network/) lead this trend. They're making cloud services that are more secure and cheaper than ones like AWS and Google Cloud.

These companies are also making it easier for everyone to use decentralized apps (dApps). According to an article in [Forbes by Max (Chong) Li](https://www.forbes.com/sites/digital-assets/2023/10/31/why-verifiable-computing-matters-in-the-decentralized-cloud-era/?sh=4560e0b42a99), verifiable computing is super important for making the decentralized cloud work well. Verifiable computing is a fancy way of saying that you can check if calculations are correct without trusting who did them. This is a big deal because it keeps your data safe and makes sure it's accurate.

## Validating Computational Outsourcing: The Pursuit of Confidence

In a world where complex computational tasks are routinely outsourced to cloud servers, ensuring the accuracy of received results presents a significant challenge. Consider this scenario: you delegate an AI training task to a platform like AWS and, a week later, receive millions of neural network parameters. How can you be certain that these parameters genuinely reflect a week's worth of training and not just a day's?

The most obvious solution is replicating the task on another cloud platform, such as Google Cloud, and comparing the results. However, this approach is not only redundant but also doubles the costs. So, what's the alternative? Enter the world of verifiable computing a field dedicated to validating outsourced computational outcomes without re-executing the entire process.

## Solutions for Trusted Computing in Decentralized Networks

Researchers have been working on solutions for verifiable computing for over 40 years to ensure that computations are performed correctly and securely in decentralized networks. One approach that has emerged is based on blockchain technology and the concept of **"staking,"** or locking up cryptocurrency as collateral. This mechanism, inspired by the Proof-of-Stake consensus algorithm, allows for creating decentralized frameworks that promote trustworthy computations.

## How It Works

In these frameworks, service providers must stake a certain amount of cryptocurrency to participate in the network. If the network detects any misbehavior or a task issuer reports an issue, the staked assets are subject to penalties, effectively reducing their value. This system is similar to entrapment in criminal law, where a suspect is caught in a trap set by law enforcement.

## Verifiable computing is crucial in the decentralized cloud era for several reasons

1. **Security and Trust:** In a decentralized cloud, servers worldwide can connect, and their owners can join or leave the network freely. This fluidity requires verifying the authenticity of results without relying on a centralized authority. Verifiable computing allows users to verify the accuracy of computations without having to trust the source of the computation, ensuring that data is secure and accurate.

2. **Efficiency:** Verifiable computing is focused on validating outsourced computational outcomes without re-executing the entire process. This is more efficient than sending the same task to another cloud platform to compare results, which can be redundant and costly.

3. **Inherent Distrust:** Unlike centralized clouds, the decentralized cloud operates on inherent distrust, where trust can be established through brand loyalty or lack of alternatives. Verifiable computing helps to re-establish trust in the decentralized realm by ensuring the integrity and authenticity of the computations performed.

4. **Blockchain-based Solutions:** Emerging blockchain-based solutions, such as the Proof-of-Stake mechanism, are being explored for verifiable computing. These frameworks require service providers to 'stake' cryptocurrency when they enter the network, and penalties are applied if foul play is detected. This approach fosters an environment where trust can be re-established in the decentralized realm.

5. **Foundation for Decentralized Applications (dApps):** Verifiable computing is key to building the foundation of a decentralized cloud, which is laying the groundwork for decentralized applications (dApps), the Web3 ecosystem, and the evolving metaverse. It addresses the inherent challenges of data privacy and cost savings driving the push for decentralized cloud services.

## Conclusion

In conclusion, verifiable computing is a critical component of the decentralized cloud, enabling the validation of outsourced computational outcomes without the need for repetitive and costly processes. Verifiable computing is paving the way for the widespread adoption of decentralized cloud services, apps, and the broader Web3 ecosystem by ensuring the security, efficiency, and trustworthiness of computations.

With innovative blockchain-based solutions, such as the Proof-of-Stake mechanism, verifiable computing is poised to revolutionize computational outsourcing, promoting transparency, accountability, and confidence in the decentralized realm. As the decentralized cloud continues to grow and mature, verifiable computing will remain at its core, providing a solid foundation for the next generation of cloud computing applications and services.