Mastering GitHub Issues: Best Practices and Pro Tips
Tags: github, coding, programming, devops
Published: 2024-03-28 13:37:02

It’s hard to imagine DevOps work without proper communication between team members. Moreover, to ensure a continuous and stable workflow DevOps needs to track the performed work, give or receive feedback, process support requests, and cooperate on tasks and ideas.

For that reason, organizations may use Jira or any other issue-tracking tool. Hovewer, the majority of DevOps who push their source code to GitHub may keep up with GitHub’s native option – [GitHub Issues](https://gitprotect.io/blog/github-issues-tracker-overview/).

In this blog post, we’ll get into the best practices for utilizing GitHub Issues and share pro tips to optimize your management skills in the context of software development.

## What you should know about GitHub Issues
As we have already mentioned, GitHub Issues are essential for managing any kind of software project within GitHub repositories. As they are pretty simple to create and adaptable to different workflow scenarios, you can use them in a repository to plan, track, and discuss your work with teammates.

![GitHub Issues](https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/z6zv499ziihyoo2hch6s.png)

**Here are the main benefits of GitHub Issues:**

_**Benefit**_ Easy integration into your workflow
**_Use Case_** Once you mention an issue and tag another issue or pull a request, they become interconnected. So, your team can easily track all the related work.

_**Benefit**_ Easy and fast issues
**_Use Case_** You can create issues using numerous methods: from a repo, an item in your task list, a comment in an already existing issue or pull request, a note of your project, a URL query, a specific line of code, or a platform you use, including GitHub Deskpot, GitHub CLI, GitHub Mobile, GraphQL and REST APIs, or even UI.

_**Benefit**_ Capable issue tracker
**_Use Case_** You can easily arrange and organize issues with your projects. if your issue is part of another larger issue, use task lists. If you need to categorize some issues, simply use labels and milestones.

_**Benefit**_ Informed tracking
**_Use Case_** To always stay informed about the state of the most recent issue, you can subscribe to it. Thus, you will get notifications about the latest updates, or by visiting your dashboard.

_**Benefit**_ Community support
**_Use Case_** Use issue forms and issue templates to assist contributors with creating issues you are interested in.

_**Benefit**_ External contributions & communication
**_Use Case_** Use @mention to draw your team member’s attention, link your issues with #, and assign issues to those who are responsible for them.

_**Benefit**_ Quick change for discussions
**_Use Case_** You can easily convert an issue into a discussion if your communication in the issue becomes too long.

## Best practices for using GitHub Issues
As we go into the best practices for using GitHub Issues, it’s important to recognize it as a versatile issue tracker, central to managing software development projects efficiently.

##1 Start with defaults for new repositories
In the initial stages of a new repository, it’s beneficial to begin with GitHub’s default issue settings. This allows for open communication and a wide range of feedback – crucial for understanding user needs and issues they encounter.

As your project grows and the nature of issues evolves, you may find the need to refine these settings to efficiently cater to the increased complexity and specificity of user reports.

##2 Encourage searching before posting new Issues
Encourage your team to search for existing issues on GitHub before reporting new ones. This approach minimizes duplicates, streamlines issue management, and saves time for both reporters and maintainers. Unlike some platforms, GitHub doesn’t suggest possible duplicates as you type, so it’s important to manually check first.

Include this practice in your repository’s **CONTRIBUTING.md** document. Clearly outline the importance of searching for existing issues and upvoting them rather than creating new ones. This not only aids in prioritization but also keeps the issue tracker organized and focused.

##3 Descriptive titles and clear goals
Implement structured issue reporting in your GitHub repository using GitHub’s template builder. Create custom templates for different issue types like a bug report or a feature request to ensure comprehensive and specific information is provided. Encourage the use of descriptive titles for each issue, aiding in quick identification and prioritization. Customize these templates to fit your team’s workflow, stored as YAML files in the **.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE directory**.

Additionally, use a **config.yml** file to guide reporters in choosing the right template and direct them to external resources if needed. This structured approach, coupled with clear and descriptive titles, significantly improves the efficiency and clarity of issue management.

##4 Document progress in comments
Regularly updating the progress or status of an issue in the comment section is crucial for maintaining transparency. This practice ensures that all stakeholders are kept informed about developments or challenges associated with the issue, promoting collaborative problem-solving and decision-making.

##5 Structured Issue reporting with templates
Structured reporting is key. Implement issue templates for different types of reports, such as bug reports and feature requests, and consider including suggested issue templates to guide contributors. This structure is particularly helpful in managing a large volume of issues, as it ensures that essential information is not overlooked.

For instance, having a dedicated template for feature requests can help in capturing essential details specific to new feature ideas.

##6 Handle vulnerability reports separately
It’s crucial to handle vulnerability reports with utmost confidentiality. Establish a separate path for reporting vulnerabilities to ensure they are managed responsibly and securely. A private reporting path is crucial for maintaining security and trust, especially in open-source projects where vulnerabilities can have widespread implications.

##7 Smart use of labels
Effectively using labels in GitHub Issues involves more than just categorization. Labels should be strategically applied to each issue to reflect its nature and status, without overcomplicating or cluttering the issue tracker. Here’s how to make the most out of labels:

- **Categorize by project areas or subsystems**: Use labels to delineate issues based on different components of your project. This helps in quickly identifying the area each issue pertains to.
- **Labels for triage and information needs**: Implement labels such as ‘to triage’ or ‘needs more info’ to mark issues that need initial assessment or additional details from the reporter. This streamlines the triage process and ensures that issues are actionable.
- **Encourage community contributions**: Labels like ‘good first issue’ and ‘help wanted’ invite community members to contribute, making them feel more involved and valued.
- **Label management**: Adopt a systematic approach by using prefixes (like ‘type:’ or ‘state:’) and consistent color schemes. This not only enhances visual clarity but also aids in quick recognition of the issue type and status.
- **Integrate labels with automated workflows**: Utilize GitHub Actions to automate label-related tasks, enhancing efficiency and ensuring that labels are consistently applied according to your project’s guidelines.
- **Balance label usage**: While labels are versatile tools, avoid overuse. Too many labels on an issue can create visual clutter and make it difficult to focus on key information. Aim for a balance that maintains clarity and effectiveness.

##8 Appropriate mentions
Mentioning users via @username is a powerful feature for drawing attention or requesting input. Each mention should be purposeful, as it triggers an email notification.

This feature, when used wisely, can bring the right people into the conversation at the right time.

##9 Deliverables and closing summary
Ensure that each issue concludes with a clear deliverable. When an issue is resolved, provide a closing summary that encapsulates the key outcomes and links to relevant documentation or results.

##10 Workflow for assigning issues
In public repositories, particularly those with contributions from external users, it’s crucial to implement a systematic approach for managing and assigning issues. Since external contributors are not familiar with your team’s internal structure, it’s ineffective to expect them to know whom to assign issues to. Therefore, for public repositories, adopt the following workflow:

1. **Regular review**: Designate team members to regularly review new issues. This step is essential for ensuring no issue is overlooked and that each one receives the attention it requires.
2. **Thoughtful assignment**: After review, assign issues to the appropriate developers. These assignments should be based on the developer’s expertise, current workload, and relevance to the issue’s content. This ensures that issues are handled efficiently and by the most suitable person.
3. **Updating contributors**: Keep the issue reporter informed about who is handling their issue and the expected timelines for resolution. This communication fosters a transparent and responsive environment, encouraging further contributions.
4. **Feedback loop**: Encourage the assigned developers to update the issue with progress reports and eventual resolution. This not only keeps the original reporter in the loop but also provides valuable information for other GitHub users who may encounter similar issues.

##11 Closing Issues properly
Properly closing issues is as important as managing them. Issues left open despite being resolved can clutter the tracker and misinform both users and developers. To avoid this, use GitHub’s special syntax in commit messages or pull request descriptions. For instance, including ‘Closes #issue_number’ in your commits or PRs can automatically close the related issue upon merging into the main branch. This practice ensures the issue tracker accurately reflects the current state of the project, keeping everyone informed about what’s been resolved or remains open.

Remember, when closing issues, it’s crucial to ensure that they are genuinely resolved and that all necessary information or follow-up actions are documented in the issue’s comments. This clarity benefits both the contributors who reported the issue and others who may encounter similar problems in the future.

##12 Prioritizing with GitHub Project Boards
GitHub Project Boards are an excellent tool for visualizing and prioritizing issues. They help in organizing tasks, tracking progress, and ensuring that critical issues are addressed promptly. Integrating these boards with detailed task lists can further improve the efficiency of issue management.

##13 Regular backup of GitHub Issues
Regularly backing up GitHub Issues is vital to prevent data loss and maintain the integrity of your project’s history. While there are some simple [GitHub backup scripts](https://gitprotect.io/blog/how-to-write-a-github-backup-script-and-why-not-to-do-it/) available for backing up Git repositories, they often focus only on the code, neglecting Issues and other metadata. These backups are crucial for preserving the complete picture of your project’s development, including discussions, decisions, and problem-solving processes captured in Issues. It’s recommended to use more robust backup solutions or services, like GitProtect.io, that automatically include Issues and other GitHub metadata into its data protection. Remember, manual scripts might require you to initiate backups periodically, so consider setting a routine or automating the process to ensure your GitHub Issues are consistently and reliably backed up.

## Advanced techniques for GitHub Issue management:

- **Custom GitHub actions**: Automate issue sorting, auto-assign tasks, and trigger workflows based on issue changes.
- **External tool integration**: Sync GitHub Issues with tools like Jira or Trello for comprehensive project tracking.
- **Utilize GitHub’s REST APIs**: Create custom dashboards, automated reports, and track issues and pull requests.
- **GitHub insights tracking**: Set custom metrics for issue resolution, pull request times, and issue frequency.
- **Community feedback loop**: Hold community calls, use GitHub Discussions, and involve the community in issue triaging.
- **Cross-Linking Issues**: Systematically link related git issues for better tracking of dependencies and discussions.
- **Prioritization on project board**s: Use GitHub Project Boards for advanced issue prioritization with custom settings and automation.

## Conclusion
To sum up, it’s clear that GitHub Issues is a vital tool in software development, offering a range of functionalities for efficient project management. This guide has laid out strategies from basic to advanced, highlighting how GitHub Issues can optimize workflows, enhance communication, and foster community engagement.

And one more thing, don’t forget about backup for added security. GitProtect offers backup and recovery options, ensuring the safety and integrity of [GitHub repositories](https://gitprotect.io/blog/github-repository-vs-project/) and all the related metadata. This addition signifies a leap towards more secure and resilient project management, enhancing the already powerful capabilities of GitHub Issues!

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