English: Diolch, Dirprwy Lywydd. Can I apologise for so many amendments? But thank you for selecting them. But, of course, we wanted to show respect to the original motion, which had a lot of information in it. Perhaps less a portmanteau motion and more of a packing trunk, which is going to take rather a number of burly stevedores to lift it off the ground, so I hope we've all been eating our spinach to get through this one. Siân, we really do share some of your concerns about the future of education, and that's why we look forward to the new curriculum and some of the other Government reforms, with hope, but no little trepidation. But there is a difference, I think, between much-needed innovation, and recklessness. The emergency action taken as a result of the tumultuous summer that we've had shouldn't have any status as proof of the worth of an exam-free way forward. We've gritted our teeth and accepted that the continuing disruption to pupils' education may well warrant a narrowing of the syllabus, but that is precisely to allow for exams to proceed without diminishing their robustness. However, we also recognise that the Welsh Government response to COVID could introduce a tipping point, beyond which preparing for exams in a way that is fair to everyone could become impossible. And so I regret that secondary schools are not fully open during this national lockdown. Every single council leader wanted them open, as we heard earlier, and the decision potentially brings that tipping point a little nearer, at the same time as taking no account of the other cumulative effects of prolonged school absence. On October 15, just 83.7 per cent of pupils were attending school; this is the result, in part, of these huge school groups being sent home - that has to stop. We already know that Welsh children received less tuition during lockdown than children elsewhere in the UK, and we've all heard the voices of families, and you'll have heard the voice of the Children's Commissioner for Wales. So, I really hope this tipping point doesn't actually come, but should Welsh schools need to switch to a plan B, the judgment as to when to do that should be based on testimony from teachers and young people, not just Qualifications Wales, but made in that time frame referred to in the amendment. Schools like businesses need certainty; that's my point on this. But certainty is not the same as throwing in the towel as the SNP has done by scrapping exams. We are very interested in bringing exams up to date and able to capture the best from our young people, by recognising that we don't all learn in the same way, and that's what our amendment 4 is about, and you'll notice that it makes specific reference to vocational courses and qualifications. Because Qualifications Wales may well be working on new versions of these, made in Wales, but the new curriculum - the outset is about flexibility to match aptitude, and so pupils will need a right to access courses outside school and try for recognised qualifications, which may not have been made in Wales, at least in this medium term. And they should have that right until they're 18. I think you're right, Plaid, to raise the issue of apprenticeships, but I think this one deserves a debate on its own, to be honest, and a detailed response from the economy Minister, hence our amendment to this motion on that. But we have no intention of putting Welsh pupils at a disadvantage as compared to their peers elsewhere, and that does include England. We need to overcome the disadvantage, which is already there, by raising standards, before we quarrel about how to prove that those standards have been raised. Moving on, I wonder if I could just invite Members to accept our amendment on the Driver case, on the grounds of sheer simplicity? Things have moved on since the deselection of amendment 10, but could I also invite you to consider the view of the Welsh Language Commissioner that, if we are to have young people leaving school proficient in at least two languages, the teaching workforce needs to be equipped to deliver this? And we know that we are struggling to get teachers who can teach Welsh and teach through the medium of Welsh, and however well these skills become embedded in teachers' training in the future, it's the current workforce that will be delivering the new curriculum. Many are going to need maximum support to do this with confidence, and any targets and any new Deddf addysg will be any empty aspiration if our teachers don't have the means of complying. A supportive continuum needs to accompany the curriculum to help anxious teachers get started on this, before they become more anxious about a Bill that is inevitably going to be more about the stick than the carrot. Finally, Dirprwy Lywydd, well done Minister for making some modest progress on 'Mind over matter' recommendations. Health certainly needs to pick up pace on this as well, and I'm hoping that that will be reflected in the decision today. Members will know that we support other points in the motion, but I think considerable support for a higher profile for mental health in the education system as we move forward is pretty essential, not in the curriculum, and for teachers and educators as well as those who are being educated. Thank you.
Welsh: Diolch, Ddirprwy Lywydd. A gaf fi ymddiheuro am gynifer o welliannau? Ond diolch am eu dewis. Ond wrth gwrs, roeddem am ddangos parch at y cynnig gwreiddiol, a oedd â llawer o wybodaeth ynddo. Efallai'n llai o gynnig portmanto a mwy o gist ddillad, sy'n mynd i alw am nifer o lwythwyr cyhyrog i'w chodi oddi ar y ddaear, felly rwy'n gobeithio ein bod i gyd wedi bod yn bwyta ein sbigoglys i ddod drwy hon. Siân, rydym yn sicr yn rhannu rhai o'ch pryderon am ddyfodol addysg, a dyna pam ein bod yn edrych ymlaen at y cwricwlwm newydd a rhai o ddiwygiadau eraill y Llywodraeth, gyda gobaith, ond gyda chryn dipyn o anesmwythyd hefyd. Ond mae gwahaniaeth, rwy'n meddwl, rhwng arloesi mawr ei angen, a bod yn ddiofal. Ni ddylai'r camau brys a gymerwyd o ganlyniad i'r haf cythryblus a gawsom gael unrhyw statws fel prawf o werth ffordd ymlaen heb arholiadau. Rydym wedi ymwroli a derbyn y gallai'r tarfu parhaus ar addysg disgyblion gyfiawnhau culhau'r maes llafur, ond holl bwynt gadael i hynny ddigwydd fyddai er mwyn caniatáu i arholiadau fynd rhagddynt heb leihau eu trylwyredd. Fodd bynnag, rydym hefyd yn cydnabod y gallai ymateb Llywodraeth Cymru i COVID gyflwyno sefyllfa ddi-droi'n-ôl, a allai olygu bod paratoi ar gyfer arholiadau mewn ffordd sy'n deg i bawb yn amhosibl. Ac felly mae'n ofid i mi nad yw ysgolion uwchradd ar agor yn llawn yn ystod y cyfyngiadau cenedlaethol hyn. Roedd pob arweinydd cyngor am iddynt agor, fel y clywsom yn gynharach, ac mae'n bosibl y bydd y penderfyniad yn dod â'r sefyllfa ddi-droi'n-ôl honno ychydig yn nes, ar yr un pryd â methiant i ystyried effeithiau cronnol eraill absenoldeb estynedig o'r ysgol. Ar 15 Hydref, dim ond 83.7 y cant o ddisgyblion oedd yn mynychu ysgol; dyma ganlyniad, yn rhannol, grwpiau ysgol enfawr yn cael eu hanfon adref - rhaid i hynny ddod i ben. Rydym eisoes yn gwybod bod plant Cymru wedi cael llai o hyfforddiant yn ystod y cyfyngiadau na phlant mewn rhannau eraill o'r DU, ac rydym i gyd wedi clywed lleisiau teuluoedd, ac fe fyddwch chi wedi clywed llais Comisiynydd Plant Cymru. Felly, rwy'n gobeithio'n fawr nad yw'r sefyllfa ddi-droi'n-ôl hon yn dod mewn gwirionedd, ond os bydd angen i ysgolion Cymru newid i gynllun B, dylai gwneud penderfyniad ynglŷn â pha bryd i wneud hynny fod yn seiliedig ar dystiolaeth gan athrawon a phobl ifanc, nid Cymwysterau Cymru yn unig, ond wedi'i wneud o fewn y ffrâm amser y cyfeirir ati yn y gwelliant. Mae angen sicrwydd ar ysgolion fel ar fusnesau; dyna fy mhwynt ar hyn. Ond nid yw sicrwydd yr un fath â rhoi'r gorau i ymdrechu fel y mae'r SNP wedi'i wneud drwy gael gwared ar arholiadau. Mae gennym ddiddordeb mawr mewn diweddaru arholiadau a gallu cael y gorau gan ein pobl ifanc, drwy gydnabod nad ydym i gyd yn dysgu yn yr un ffordd, a dyna yw ein gwelliant 4, a byddwch yn sylwi ei fod yn cyfeirio'n benodol at gyrsiau a chymwysterau galwedigaethol. Gan ei bod yn ddigon posibl fod Cymwysterau Cymru'n gweithio ar fersiynau newydd o'r rhain wedi'u llunio yng Nghymru, ond y cwricwlwm newydd - mae'r cychwyn yn ymwneud â hyblygrwydd i gyfateb i allu, ac felly bydd angen hawl i ddisgyblion allu cael mynediad at gyrsiau y tu allan i'r ysgol a cheisio am gymwysterau cydnabyddedig nad ydynt wedi'u gwneud yng Nghymru o bosibl, yn y tymor canolig hwn o leiaf. A dylent gael yr hawl honno nes eu bod yn 18 oed. Credaf eich bod yn iawn, Blaid Cymru, i godi mater prentisiaethau, ond credaf fod hynny'n haeddu dadl ar wahân a dweud y gwir, ac ymateb manwl gan Weinidog yr economi, a dyna'r rheswm dros ein gwelliant i'r cynnig ar hynny. Ond nid oes gennym unrhyw fwriad o roi disgyblion Cymru dan anfantais o'u cymharu â'u cyfoedion mewn mannau eraill, ac mae hynny'n cynnwys Lloegr. Mae angen inni oresgyn yr anfantais sydd yno eisoes drwy godi safonau cyn inni gweryla ynglŷn â sut i brofi bod y safonau hynny wedi'u codi. Gan symud ymlaen, tybed a gaf fi wahodd yr Aelodau i dderbyn ein gwelliant ar achos Driver, ar sail symlrwydd llwyr? Mae pethau wedi symud ymlaen ers dad-ddethol gwelliant 10, ond a gaf fi eich gwahodd hefyd i ystyried barn Comisiynydd y Gymraeg sy'n nodi, os ydym am gael pobl ifanc yn gadael yr ysgol yn fedrus mewn o leiaf ddwy iaith, fod angen i'r gweithlu addysg fod yn gymwys i gyflawni hynny? A gwyddom ein bod yn ei chael hi'n anodd cael athrawon sy'n gallu addysgu Cymraeg ac addysgu drwy gyfrwng y Gymraeg, ac ni waeth pa mor dda y mae'r sgiliau hyn yn cael eu hymgorffori mewn hyfforddiant i athrawon yn y dyfodol, y gweithlu presennol fydd yn cyflwyno'r cwricwlwm newydd. Bydd angen y cymorth mwyaf posibl ar lawer ohonynt i allu gwneud hyn yn hyderus, a bydd unrhyw dargedau ac unrhyw Ddeddf addysg newydd yn uchelgais gwag os nad oes gan ein hathrawon fodd o gydymffurfio. Mae angen cael continwwm cefnogol i gyd-fynd â'r cwricwlwm er mwyn helpu athrawon pryderus i ddechrau ar hyn, cyn iddynt fynd yn fwy pryderus am Fil sy'n anochel o ymwneud mwy â'r ffon na'r abwyd. Yn olaf, Ddirprwy Lywydd, da iawn, Weinidog, am wneud cynnydd cymedrol ar argymhellion 'Cadernid Meddwl'. Yn sicr, mae angen i iechyd gyflymu ar hyn hefyd, ac rwy'n gobeithio y bydd hynny'n cael ei adlewyrchu yn y penderfyniad heddiw. Bydd yr Aelodau'n gwybod ein bod yn cefnogi pwyntiau eraill yn y cynnig, ond credaf fod cryn gefnogaeth i broffil uwch i iechyd meddwl yn y system addysg wrth inni symud ymlaen yn eithaf hanfodol, nid yn y cwricwlwm, ac i athrawon ac addysgwyr yn ogystal â'r rhai sy'n cael eu haddysgu. Diolch.