techiaith/cofnodycynulliad_en-cy huggingface dataset:
English: That's a possibility. The problem is, we haven't yet seen a draft Bill, so what's proposed is still at a very high level in terms of what it is, and I think that a great many of these positives could be delivered, as I mentioned earlier, within the current Measure with certain changes. I do think that fundamental amendments to the current Measure are required, because the background context in terms of the legislative powers of the Assembly have made huge strides forward since 2011. The ability of the Assembly to legislate on the Welsh language is no longer restricted by the legislative competence Order process, and, indeed, one of the few areas where there are greater power to legislate as a result of the 2017 Wales Act is on the issue of the Welsh language, where the Assembly can legislate in relation to the Welsh language, even in areas that are reserved, areas that are outwith its competence, which is a very powerful implement. So, the Assembly could now legislate to impose standards on the banking sector without having to seek the consent of Westminster to do that.
Welsh: Mae'n bosibl. Y broblem yw, nid ydym wedi gweld drafft eto o Ddeddf, felly mae'r hyn sy'n cael ei gynnig yn dal i fod ar lefel uchel o gyffredinedd o ran beth yw e, ac rydw i'n credu bod modd cyflawni llawer o'r pethau da yma, fel gwnes i grybwyll gynnau, oddi mewn i'r Mesur presennol gyda rhai diwygiadau. Rydw i yn credu bod angen diwygiadau sylfaenol i'r Mesur presennol, oherwydd bod cyd-destun cefndirol pwerau deddfu'r Cynulliad Cenedlaethol wedi llamu ymlaen ers 2011. Mae gallu'r Cynulliad i ddeddfu am y Gymraeg - nid yw hi bellach wedi'i chaethiwo gan yr LCO, ac, a dweud y gwir, un o'r ychydig feysydd lle mae yna fwy o bŵer i ddeddfu yn sgil Deddf 2017 yw ym mater y Gymraeg, lle mae modd i'r Cynulliad ddeddfu mewn perthynas â'r Gymraeg, hyd yn oed mewn meysydd sydd wedi'u cadw'n ôl, meysydd sydd y tu allan i'w phŵer hi, sydd yn rym eithriadol o gryf. Felly, nawr, byddai modd i'r Cynulliad, er enghraifft - ddeddfu i osod safonau ar fanciau heb fynd yn ôl i San Steffan i ofyn am yr hawl i wneud hynny.
English: Are you of the opinion that it's possible to do that without amending the legislation?
Welsh: A ydych chi o'r farn bod modd gwneud hynny heb ddiwygio'r Ddeddf?
English: You would have to amend the legislation.
Welsh: Mae'n rhaid diwygio.
English: You would have to amend?
Welsh: Mae'n rhaid diwygio?
English: You would have to amend the legislation in order to take account of this new context. There is a need to relax the restrictions within the Measure, and because the Measure is based on the LCO, there are complex questions arising as to what extent it's possible to amend the Measure. I think it could be done, but to what extent can that be done outwith the bounds of the LCO? I don't want to pursue any red herrings here, but -
Welsh: Mae angen diwygio'r Ddeddf i gymryd ystyriaeth o'r cyd-destun yma. Mae angen llacio rhywfaint ar y rhwymau a'r rhwystrau sydd oddi mewn i'r Mesur, ac oherwydd bod y Mesur yn seiliedig ar yr LCO, mae yna gwestiynau cymhleth yn codi: i ba raddau mae modd diwygio'r Mesur - rydw i'n credu bod modd gwneud, diwygio'r Mesur - y tu allan i ffiniau'r LCO? Rydw i'n siŵr bod yna fodd gwneud hynny. Ond nid wyf i eisiau mynd am ryw ysgwarnogod cyfreithlyd, felly, ond -
English: But that is important, because there has been a great deal of ambiguity about whether it's appropriate to do that or not - whether the right is there within the current legislation to bring forward legislation that would affect the private sector. You believe that that is possible.
Welsh: Ond mae hynny'n bwysig, achos mae yna dipyn bach o amwysedd ynglŷn â ydy hi'n briodol i wneud hynny, neu ddim yn briodol. A ydy'r hawl yna, mewn ffordd, o fewn y ddeddfwriaeth bresennol i ddod â deddfwriaeth a fyddai'n effeithio ar y sector breifat? Rydych chi'n grediniol bod modd gwneud.
English: I think that's possible. The question of whether it's appropriate is another question.
Welsh: Rydw i'n credu bod modd gwneud hyn. Mae'r cwestiwn, 'A ydy o'n briodol?' yn gwestiwn gwahanol.
English: Yes - possible.
Welsh: Ie - bosib.
English: Is it possible? Yes, I think it is.
Welsh: A ydy o'n bosib? Rydw i'n meddwl ei fod o.
English: Yes, I'd say it was amending. If I were to dream, you would start again with a clean slate and create far simpler, more transparent legislation. But I accept that my dreams hold no sway on the governance of Wales - not as yet, anyway - and, therefore, we have to accept -
Welsh: Ie. Diwygio fuaswn i'n ei ddweud. Yn fy mreuddwydion, rydych chi'n dechrau eto; rydych chi'n creu Deddf llawer mwy hylaw, syml a thryloyw. Ond, o dderbyn nad fy mreuddwydion i sydd yn llywodraethu yng Nghymru - hyd yn hyn, beth bynnag - mae'n rhaid i ni dderbyn wedyn mai -
English: Thank you very much. [ Laughter. ]
Welsh: Diolch yn fawr. [ Chwerthin. ]
English: No, no, other people's dreams are far more valuable than mine. Reforming or amending the Measure in order to simplify and make things more easily facilitated along with something that would properly get to grips with education and the other promotion activities would be very valuable. You don't need to legislate for all of these things, but for some of them you do.
Welsh: Na, na, mae breuddwydion pobl eraill llawer mwy gwerthfawr. Ond mi fuasai diwygio y Mesur, neu wneud rhai diwygiadau, er mwyn symleiddio, cwtogi a hwyluso rhywfaint law yn llaw â rhywbeth sydd yn mynd i'r afael o ddifrif ag addysg ac o ddifrif â'r materion hybu eraill yn beth gwerthfawr tu hwnt. Nid oes raid deddfu ar gyfer y pethau yma i gyd, ond gyda rhai ohonyn nhw mae angen.
English: Thank you very much.
Welsh: Iawn. Diolch yn fawr iawn.
English: I would start by saying - and Huw has been working on this more than I have - that part of the process of having a language strategy in Wales is rethinking how we understand the existence and use of the Welsh language in Wales today, in the sense that I don't think it makes a great deal of sense to talk about more English-speaking or Welsh-speaking areas, because we have the density of Welsh speakers in certain areas and we do have numbers of Welsh speakers in areas that are referred to as English-speaking areas. So, our maps need to be redrawn entirely, and I think that's what the 2050 strategy does in part, namely to try to change this kind of image. We can't work on the basis of where the density of speakers is if we are to make the Welsh language an official language throughout Wales and if we want services to be provided through the medium of Welsh. So, I would start from that point, which is perhaps a slightly different point to the one that you were expecting, but I don't think that internal differentiation is as simple as it used to be and we need to adapt to that way of thinking.
Welsh: Buaswn i'n dechrau drwy ddweud - a Huw sydd wedi bod yn gweithio ar hyn yn fwy na fi - mai rhan o'r broses o gael strategaethau iaith yng Nghymru ydy ailfeddwl sut rydym ni'n deall bodolaeth a'r defnydd o'r Gymraeg yng Nghymru heddiw, yn yr ystyr nad wyf i'n meddwl ei bod hi'n gwneud llawer o synnwyr erbyn hyn i siarad am ardaloedd mwy Seisnig neu Gymreig, achos mae'r dwysedd o siaradwyr gennym ni mewn rhai ardaloedd ac mae'r niferodd gennym ni yn yr ardaloedd sydd ddim yn siarad - y mae cyfeirio atynt fel ardaloedd Seisnig. Felly, mae ein mapiau ni angen eu hailfeddwl yn gyfan gwbl, a dyna beth mae rhan o strategaeth 2050 yn trio gwneud, sef trio newid y math yma o ddelwedd. Allwn ni ddim mynd cymaint ar sail ble mae dwysedd y siaradwyr erbyn hyn os ydym ni'n gwneud y Gymraeg yn iaith swyddogol yng Nghymru gyfan ac os ydym ni eisiau i wasanaethau gael eu darparu. So, buaswn i'n dechrau fan yna, sydd, efallai, yn bwynt ychydig bach yn wahanol i beth roeddech chi'n disgwyl, ond nid wyf i'n meddwl bod gwahaniaethu'n fewnol mor syml ag yr oedd yn arfer bod ac mae angen i ni addasu i feddwl hynny.
English: Right. Thank you very much. We'll move on now to Caroline Jones. We've touched on some of these issues already, but I'm sure that you'll have more to say with regard to the international perspective.
Welsh: Iawn. Diolch yn fawr. Rwy'n symud at Caroline Jones a chwestiynau - . Rŷm ni wedi cyffwrdd â rhai o'r rhain yn barod, ond rwy'n siŵr bod gennych chi fwy i'w ddweud ynglŷn â'r safbwynt rhyngwladol.
English: We often hear about the Basque Country, and that the Basque Country is in the vanguard, and that the Basque language has made progress in terms of the number of speakers. Do you have any research on that?
Welsh: Rydym ni'n clywed yn aml am Wlad y Basg, a bod Gwlad y Basg yn arwain y ffordd, a bod yr iaith Fasgeg wedi symud ymlaen o ran nifer y siaradwyr. A oes gennych chi ymchwil ar hynny?
English: Not us personally; we do know someone who does work in this field, but we don't ourselves. But what you do have in that model, as I understand it, is that there has been that driver from Government, that there is a language unit within the Government that has driven this, and that the same person has led that unit over a long period of time. So, you have that context of political commitment, power centralised within Government, and that continuity of a long-term agenda. We have several of those characteristics in place at the moment, so perhaps we need a bit more resilience in moving towards the same direction.
Welsh: Nid ni yn bersonol; rydym ni'n adnabod rhywun sy'n gwneud, ond nid ni ein hunain, a dweud y gwir. Ond beth sydd gennych chi yn y model yna, o beth rydw i'n ei ddeall, ydy bod gyriant wedi dod o'r Llywodraeth, bod yna uned iaith o fewn y Llywodraeth sydd wedi'i yrru, a bod yr un person wedi arwain yr uned yna dros gyfnod hir. Felly, mae gennych chi'r cyd-destun o ymrwymiad gwleidyddol, canoli'r grym o fewn y Llywodraeth, ac olyniaeth yr agenda hirdymor. Mae gennym ni lawer o'r nodweddion yna mewn lle ar hyn o bryd - efallai fod angen ychydig bach mwy o ddycnwch inni symud pethau i'r un math o gyfeiriad.
English: To echo the points Elin made in terms of the comparative studies available, there are obvious gaps in the academic literature that need to be filled. In terms of some of the things that are becoming apparent, in addition to what Elin said, the point of political commitment - there is no getting around that. One can discuss technical structures in very great detail, but, in every case, one sees just how important that level of political commitment can be from the top in terms of preventing progress or hastening progress. There's a particular study by Professor Colin Williams from Cardiff University comparing some of the official language strategies that have been in place across Europe. I think it's a publication from around a decade ago, so it doesn't include some of the more recent developments in Wales, but one of the things that does emerge from that piece of work is how significant a role certain individuals have when they are in a particular post for a long period of time, and that that continuity can be very important in terms of allowing strategies to take root and to be properly implemented - that the continuity is important. Those are some of the things that emerged from the comparisons that have been done.
Welsh: I ategu'r pwyntiau yr oedd Elin yn eu gwneud o ran yr astudio cymharol sydd ar gael, mae yna fylchau amlwg o ran y llenyddiaeth academaidd sydd â lle i'w llenwi. O ran rhai pethau sydd yn dod yn amlwg, yn ychwanegol at beth oedd Elin yn ei ddweud, mae'r pwynt o ymrwymiad gwleidyddol - nid oes dim osgoi hwnnw. Gall rhywun drafod strwythurau technegol yn fanwl iawn, ond, ym mhob achos, mae rhywun yn gweld pa mor bwysig mae lefel yr ymrwymiad gwleidyddol yn gallu bod o'r top o ran atal cynnydd neu'n prysuro cynnydd. Ac mae astudiaeth arbennig gan yr Athro Colin Williams o Brifysgol Caerdydd yn cymharu rhai o'r strategaethau iaith swyddogol sydd wedi bod ar waith ar draws Ewrop. Mae e'n gyhoeddiad o, rydw i'n meddwl, ryw 10 mlynedd yn ôl bellach, so nid yw e'n cynnwys rhai o'r datblygiadau mwyaf diweddar yng Nghymru, ond un o'r pethau sydd yn dod allan o'r darn yna o waith yw pa mor arwyddocaol y mae rhai unigolion allweddol yn gallu bod pan fyddan nhw mewn swydd benodol am gyfnod hir, a bod y dilyniant tymor hir yna yn gallu bod yn bwysig iawn o ran caniatáu i strategaethau wreiddio a chael eu gweithredu - bod y dilyniant yna'n bwysig. Mae'r rheini'n rhai pethau amlwg sydd yn dod allan o'r hynny o gymharu sydd i'w gael ar hyn o bryd.
English: And Canada - do you know anything about the situation there?
Welsh: A Chanada - a ydych chi'n gwybod unrhyw beth am y sefyllfa fanna?
English: Well, part of the problem when one talks of Canada, or the question, is: what parts of Canada, and what model specifically? Because what one has is a patchwork of various models. You move from the Quebec model, which, to all intents and purposes, is a monolingual territorial system that promotes French as the public language - . You have the federal model, which is a model of official bilingualism across the federal institutions of Canada; then you have a patchwork of other models across other states. What is perhaps interesting about some of the models in Canada - and it goes back to some of the original points that we made - is that they remind us that it's possible - . We in Wales have a model in relation to the Welsh language where we're trying to create official opportunities in official domains for people to use the Welsh language and then providing that broader promotion. Some of state models in Canada focus just on the official provision. That broader planning isn't really part of the discourse, because it simply focuses on the two official language communities, and we are talking about two communities that are majority languages in and of themselves. So, that dynamic of the community language planning, promoting, access to education and so on, and language transfer, which is a large part of our discussion, isn't truly part of the debate in Canada.
Welsh: Wel, rhan o'r broblem pan fydd rhywun yn sôn am Ganada, a'r cwestiwn wedyn, yw: pa ran o Ganada a pha fodel yn benodol? Achos, mewn gwirionedd, beth sydd gan rywun yw clytwaith o wahanol fathau o fodelau. Rydych chi'n mynd o'r model yn Quebec, sydd, i bob pwrpas, yn fodel tiriogaethol unieithog o hyrwyddo'r Ffrangeg fel yr iaith gyhoeddus - . Mae gennych chi y model ffederal, sydd yn fodel o ddwyieithrwydd swyddogol ar draws sefydliadau ffederal Canada; wedyn, mae yna glytwaith o fodelau gwahanol gan nifer o'r taleithiau eraill. Beth sydd efallai'n ddiddorol am rai o'r modelau yng Nghanada - mae'n mynd nôl i rai o'r pwyntiau gwreiddiol yna yr oeddem ni'n eu gwneud - yw eu bod yn ein hatgoffa ni ei bod hi'n bosib - . Rydym ni yng Nghymru â model o ymwneud â'r Gymraeg lle rydym ni'n ceisio creu'r cyfleoedd swyddogol mewn peuoedd swyddogol i bobl ddefnyddio'r Gymraeg ac wedyn yr hyrwyddo ehangach yna. Mae rhai o'r modelau taleithiol yng Nghanada yn canolbwyntio jest ar y darparu swyddogol yn y bôn. Nid yw'r adeiladwaith cynllunio ehangach yna ddim wir yn rhan o'u trafodaeth nhw, achos bod y drafodaeth yn sôn am y ddwy gymuned iaith swyddogol a'n bod ni'n sôn am ddwy gymuned sydd, i bob pwrpas, yn ieithoedd mwyafrifol yn eu hunain. So, nid yw'r deinamig yna o gynllunio iaith cymunedol, hyrwyddo, mynediad at addysg ac yn y blaen, a throsglwyddo'r iaith, sy'n rhan fawr o'n trafodaeth ni, wir yn rhan o'r drafodaeth yng Nghanada.
English: Perhaps you'd like to invite Professor Rob Dunbar of Edinburgh University to speak to you, because he's doing a specific project on language legislation and comparative models - perhaps you've already considered doing that.
Welsh: Efallai y byddwch chi'n hoffi gwahodd yr Athro Rob Dunbar o Brifysgol Caeredin i siarad efo chi, achos mae o'n gwneud project penodol ar hyn o bryd ar ddeddfwriaeth iaith, a modelau cymharol - efallai eich bod chi eisoes wedi ystyried hynny.
English: Okay. Well, thank you very much. It's good to know that we are in the vanguard in terms of linguistic planning, and long may that continue. Hopefully, there'll be more emphasis and resources given to this area, which is certainly very important to us. We have now reached the end of the session. Thank you very much to the three of you for contributing this morning. Thank you.
Welsh: Iawn. Wel, diolch yn fawr iawn. Mae'n braf gwybod ein bod ni yn arwain o ran cynlluniau ieithyddol, a hir y parhaed hynny, a gobeithio y bydd yna fwy o adnoddau, mwy o bwyslais, yn gallu cael eu rhoi ar y maes yna, sy'n sicr yn bwysig inni. Dyna ni wedi diwedd y sesiwn yma. Diolch yn fawr iawn i'r tri ohonoch chi am gyfrannu y bore yma. Diolch yn fawr iawn.
English: We'll move on, therefore, to item 4, namely the papers to note. I'll ask you to note paper 4.1, supporting and promoting the Welsh language, which provides further information from the Welsh Language Commissioner. Does anyone have any comments on that? I just had a brief comment. That paper does demonstrate what standards have been introduced to date. I think it would be useful for the committee to see what standards haven't yet been introduced, even though the inquiries and the initial work have been done and presented to the Government. There are several areas, with regard to water, trains and housing associations, where that initial work has been done but they haven't, for some reason, seen the light of day yet. So, perhaps it would be useful to ask the commissioner for information about those, too. I think that would be useful for the committee. Moving, then, to paper to note 4.2, funding for and access to music education, we have comments on the Welsh Government's response; 4.3, funding for and access to music education again, and a letter to the Chair from Making Music; and then, on the same subject, a letter to the Chair from South Powys Youth Music.
Welsh: Symudwn ni ymlaen, felly, at eitem 4, sef y papurau i'w nodi. Gwnaf ofyn ichi nodi papur 4.1, cefnogi a hybu'r Gymraeg, sydd yn cyflwyno rhagor o dystiolaeth gan Gomisiynydd y Gymraeg. A oes yna unrhyw un efo sylw ar hwnnw? Mi oedd gennyf jest sylw byr: mae'r papur yna yn dangos pa safonau sydd wedi cael eu cyflwyno erbyn hyn. Byddai fo'n ddefnyddiol i'r pwyllgor, rydw i'n meddwl, gael gweld pa safonau sydd ddim wedi cael eu cyflwyno er bod yr ymchwiliadau a'r gwaith cychwynnol wedi cael eu cyflwyno i'r Llywodraeth. Mae yna nifer o feysydd - dŵr, trenau, cymdeithasau tai - lle mae'r gwaith cychwynnol wedi'i wneud, ond nid ydyn nhw, am ryw reswm, wedi gweld golau dydd eto. Felly, efallai y byddai fo'n ddefnyddiol gofyn i'r comisiynydd am wybodaeth am y rheini hefyd. Rydw i'n credu y byddai fo'n ddefnyddiol i'r pwyllgor. Symud i bapur i'w nodi 4.2, ariannu addysg cerddoriaeth a gwella mynediad ati - sylwadau ar ymateb Llywodraeth Cymru ydy hwnnw; 4.3, ariannu addysg cerddoriaeth a gwella mynediad, llythyr at y Cadeirydd gan Making Music; ac wedyn, ar yr un un pwnc, llythyr at y Cadeirydd oddi wrth Gerddoriaeth Ieuenctid De Powys.
English: Perhaps we can discuss that in the private part of the meeting.
Welsh: Efallai medrwn ni drafod hwn yn y cyfarfod preifat yn syth wedyn.
English: Certainly, it is important that we do respond positively to the comments that have been made. Thank you very much for that. So, are you content to note those papers? Right.
Welsh: Yn sicr, mae'n bwysig ein bod ni yn ymateb yn bositif i'r sylwadau sy'n cael eu cyflwyno, rydw i'n credu. Diolch yn fawr iawn. Felly, a ydych chi'n hapus i nodi'r rheini? Iawn.
English: So, moving on to item 5, which is a motion under Standing Order 17.42 to reolve to exclude the public from the remainder of the meeting. Is everyone content for us to move into private session? Yes. Thank you.
Welsh: Felly, symudwn i eitem 5, sef cynnig o dan Reol Sefydlog i benderfynu gwahardd y cyhoedd o weddill y cyfarfod. Pawb yn hapus i ni symud i gyfarfod preifat? Iawn. Diolch yn fawr iawn.
English: Good afternoon. Could I call Members to order, please?
Welsh: Prynhawn da. A gaf fi alw'r Aelodau i drefn os gwelwch yn dda?
English: The first item on this afternoon's agenda is questions to the Cabinet Secretary for Finance. Question 1, Mark Isherwood.
Welsh: Yr eitem gyntaf ar yr agenda y prynhawn yma yw cwestiynau i Ysgrifennydd y Cabinet dros Gyllid. Cwestiwn 1, Mark Isherwood.
English: Well, Dirprwy Lywydd, amongst the decisions taken when considering preventative services, I was especially pleased to be able to restore in full the early prevention, intervention and support programme of the Welsh Government in the draft budget.
Welsh: Wel, Ddirprwy Lywydd, ymhlith y penderfyniadau a wnaed wrth ystyried gwasanaethau ataliol, roeddwn yn arbennig o falch o allu adfer rhaglen ymyrraeth gynnar, atal a chymorth Llywodraeth Cymru yn llawn yn y gyllideb ddrafft.
English: Notwithstanding that, you have repeatedly and, I believe, sincerely committed yourself to driving forward preventative approaches to health and care in Wales. Yesterday's local government provisional settlement figures show an overall 1 per cent reduction for local government, with every local authority in north Wales seeing a reduction, although seven in south Wales saw a standstill or increase, and with NHS funding, however, going up 7 per cent, rather than seeing how we could budget smarter in order to deliver more through early intervention and prevention. How, therefore, do you respond to the statements in the letter from the Welsh Local Government Association, issued to us all yesterday, signed by the WLGA leaders from all parties, in which the WLGA Conservative group leader, Peter Fox, said, 'With £370 million new monies arriving from Westminster, an imaginative approach to funding preventative services to keep people out of hospitals was needed. Instead, the Welsh Government has given the NHS a seven per cent increase and cut council budgets for the eighth year in succession.' We're not advocating a cut in NHS funding; what we're advocating is imaginative, smart, preventative budgets that keep the pressure off health services by the two working better together.
Welsh: Er hynny, dro ar ôl tro, rydych wedi ymrwymo eich hun, yn ddiffuant rwy'n credu, i hyrwyddo dulliau ataliol mewn iechyd a gofal yng Nghymru. Roedd ffigurau dros dro'r setliad llywodraeth leol ddoe yn dangos gostyngiad cyffredinol o 1 y cant ar gyfer llywodraeth leol, gyda phob awdurdod lleol yng ngogledd Cymru yn wynebu gostyngiad, er bod saith yn ne Cymru wedi aros yr un fath neu wedi cynyddu, gyda chyllid y GIG, fodd bynnag, yn cynyddu 7 y cant, yn hytrach nag ystyried sut y gallem gyllidebu'n fwy deallus er mwyn cyflawni mwy drwy atal ac ymyrraeth gynnar. Felly, sut rydych yn ymateb i'r datganiadau yn y llythyr gan Gymdeithas Llywodraeth Leol Cymru, a ddosbarthwyd inni ddoe, ac a arwyddwyd gan arweinwyr CLlLC o bob plaid, lle roedd arweinydd grŵp Ceidwadol CLlLC, Peter Fox, yn dweud: Gyda £370 miliwn o arian newydd yn dod o San Steffan, roedd angen ymagwedd ddychmygus tuag at ariannu gwasanaethau ataliol er mwyn cadw pobl allan o'r ysbytai. Yn hytrach, mae Llywodraeth Cymru wedi rhoi cynnydd o saith y cant i'r GIG ac wedi torri cyllidebau cynghorau am yr wythfed flwyddyn yn olynol. Nid ydym yn argymell toriad yng nghyllid y GIG; yr hyn yr ydym yn ei argymell yw cyllidebau ataliol dychmygus a chraff sy'n cadw'r pwysau oddi ar wasanaethau iechyd, drwy sicrhau bod y ddau beth yn gweithio'n well gyda'i gilydd.