English: One thing is very clear: being a mother leads to a financial penalty, creating inequality in relation to wages on the basis of gender, and that inequity refuses to budge. The wages of fathers, nevertheless, do not appear to be generally affected by raising children. There are practical steps that can be taken and the committee does note flexible working and childcare as two specific items to address. Those should go hand in hand with a culture change, and an enormous one, in order to create a far-reaching and complete change. And as the committee chair has noted, education has a prominent role to play in that, and I do look forward to seeing the new curriculum and how it works in relation to relationships and sex education. The need for this cultural shift is very clearly seen when we discuss flexible working, which, of course, includes job sharing, and it is a subject that I have raised in this Chamber many times. In responding to the report, the Welsh Government states that they accept the principle of flexible working for their staff, but, in the committee, the Cabinet Secretary for the Economy and Transport told us that only a quarter of Government staff do work on the basis of flexible working. Now, that is not unique to the Government; it is likely to be true of organisations throughout Wales. But it is possible, perhaps, to do something in theory - that is, working flexibly in theory - but that does not translate into being something that happens on the ground. Now, I am a strong believer that a Government needs to lead by example. Therefore, I would suggest that the Welsh Government should undertake a piece of work to find out why so few of their staff choose to work flexibly. What are the barriers to progressing and doing something that people have the right to do? What holds people back? And, therefore, trying to find some these barriers, which, more than likely, affect men as well as women - what are the obstacles that hold people back? Having found that information, perhaps we will be able to move to a position where flexible working is something that is a much more natural part of the Welsh workforce. And what about that proposal as a focus for the First Minister's ambition to have a feminist Government? I see that 12 recommendations have been made on job sharing and part-time working in the senior civil service and I would like to hear a little more about how that work is being undertaken. Have these recommendations that have been made been accepted and are they fully implemented by now? In the field of education, I'm disappointed that the Government does not believe that it can reform payments or allowances in relation to teaching and learning, for those to be shared by two or more members of staff. Now, the committee has noted that women in the teaching profession face many obstacles and I don't understand the rationale for rejecting these recommendations. There was a recommendation for a reform of the payments, but what we hear from the Government is an explanation that the current system doesn't allow them to do that. Well, that was the precise point of putting this recommendation forward - namely to create a change within the system. I just wanted to turn, finally, to childcare, and the committee's recommendations, which are intended to improve the childcare policy that the Government is currently introducing. Well, those recommendations have been rejected, and this is the second committee to come to similar views, but it appears that the Government is determined to stick to this deficient policy. Part of the reasoning that is offered for doing so is that a childcare offer was a crucial part of the Labour manifesto, and a central part of the programme for government. Well, in my view, rejecting a recommendation because of a manifesto commitment is not a sign of a mature approach towards scrutiny work, and there is substantial evidence by now that the Government's policy is wrong. The view of experts is clear, the view of the children's commissioner is clear, and yet the Government continues along a route that will create a childcare system that will not be fit for purpose. I will end with that. Many of the committee's recommendations have been accepted, and I do look forward to returning to this very important subject, and seeing great progress next time.
Welsh: Mae yna un peth yn hollol amlwg: mae bod yn fam yn arwain at gosb ariannol gan greu anghyfartaledd cyflogau ar sail rhywedd a'r anghyfartaledd yna yn gwrthod shifftio. Nid ydy enillion tadau, ar y llaw arall, ddim yn cael eu heffeithio yn gyffredinol gan fagu plant. Mae yna gamau ymarferol y gellid eu cymryd ac mae'r pwyllgor yn nodi gweithio hyblyg a gofal plant fel dau fater penodol y mae angen mynd i'r afael â nhw. Law yn llaw â hynny, mae angen creu newid diwylliannol anferth er mwyn creu newid pellgyrhaeddol a llawn. Fel mae Cadeirydd y pwyllgor wedi ei grybwyll, mae gan y byd addysg rôl amlwg iawn i chwarae yn hynny ac rydw i'n edrych ymlaen at weld y cwricwlwm newydd yn gwreiddio yn y maes perthnasau a rhyw. Mae'r angen am y newid diwylliannol yma i'w weld yn reit glir pan rydym yn trafod gweithio'n hyblyg, sydd, wrth gwrs, yn cynnwys rhannu swyddi, ac yn bwnc rydw i wedi ei godi yn fan hyn sawl gwaith. Wrth ymateb i'r adroddiad, mae Llywodraeth Cymru yn dweud eu bod yn derbyn yr egwyddor o weithio hyblyg ar gyfer eu staff. Ond yn y pwyllgor mi ddywedodd yr Ysgrifennydd Cabinet dros yr Economi a Thrafnidiaeth mai dim ond chwarter o staff y Llywodraeth sydd yn gweithio ar sail polisïau gweithio'n hyblyg. Nid ydy hynny'n unigryw i'r Llywodraeth; mae'n debyg ei fod yn wir ar draws sefydliadau yng Nghymru. Hynny yw, mae modd, efallai, gwneud rhywbeth mewn theori - gweithio'n hyblyg mewn theori - ond nid ydy o wedyn yn trosglwyddo i rywbeth sydd yn digwydd ar lawr gwlad. Rŵan, rydw i'n gredwr cryf bod angen i Lywodraeth arwain drwy esiampl. Ac, felly, rydw i'n awgrymu bod Llywodraeth Cymru yn gwneud darn o waith i ganfod pam fod cyn lleied o'u staff nhw yn dewis gweithio'n hyblyg. Beth ydy'r rhwystrau rhag symud ymlaen i wneud yr hyn mae gan bobl yr hawl i wneud? Beth sy'n dal pobl yn ôl? Ac o ganfod rhai o'r rhwystrau yma, sydd, mae'n debyg, yn wir i ddynion yn ogystal â merched - beth ydy'r rhwystrau sydd yn dal pobl yn ôl? Ac o ganfod hynny, efallai y gwnawn ni symud tuag at sefyllfa lle mae gweithio'n hyblyg yn llawer mwy naturiol fel rhan o fywyd y gweithlu yng Nghymru. A beth am gynnig hynny fel ffordd dda iawn o roi ffocws i ddyhead y Prif Weinidog i greu Llywodraeth ffeministaidd? Rydw i'n deall bod yna grŵp o weision sifil wedi gwneud 12 o argymhellion ar rannu swyddi a gweithio'n rhan amser yn y gwasanaeth sifil uwch. Buaswn i'n licio clywed mwy am sut mae'r gwaith yna yn mynd ymlaen. A ydy'r argymhellion yma wedi cael eu derbyn? Ac a ydyn nhw'n cael eu gweithredu yn llawn erbyn hyn? Yn y maes addysg, rydw i'n siomedig nad ydy'r Llywodraeth yn meddwl y gall hi ddiwygio taliadau neu lwfansau addysgu a dysgu er mwyn caniatáu i gyfrifoldebau gael eu rhannu rhwng dau neu ddwy aelod o staff. Mae'r pwyllgor wedi nodi bod menywod yn y proffesiwn dysgu yn wynebu llawer o rwystrau ac nid wyf yn deall y rhesymeg dros wrthod yr argymhelliad yma. Roedd yr argymhelliad yn galw am ddiwygio'r taliadau, ond beth gawn ni gan y Llywodraeth ydy esboniad nad ydy'r system bresennol yn caniatáu hynny. Wel, dyna'r union bwynt o roi'r argymhelliad ymlaen - er mwyn creu newid o fewn y system. A jest i droi, ar y diwedd fel hyn, at ofal plant. Ac mae argymhellion y pwyllgor, sydd â'u bwriad o wella'r polisi gofal plant y mae'r Llywodraeth wrthi'n ei gyflwyno ar hyn o bryd - mae'r argymhellion yma wedi cael eu gwrthod. A dyma'r ail bwyllgor i ddod i ganlyniadau tebyg ond, eto, mae'n ymddangos bod y Llywodraeth yn benderfynol o lynu at y polisi diffygiol. A rhan o'r rheswm sy'n cael ei gynnig dros wneud hynny ydy bod y cynnig gofal plant yn rhan greiddiol o faniffesto'r Blaid Lafur, ac yn nodwedd ganolog o'r rhaglen ar gyfer llywodraeth. Wel, yn fy marn i, nid ydy gwrthod argymhelliad oherwydd ymrwymiad maniffesto ddim yn arwydd o agwedd aeddfed tuag at waith craffu, ac mae yna dystiolaeth sylweddol erbyn hyn bod polisi'r Llywodraeth yn anghywir. Mae barn yr arbenigwyr yn glir, mae barn y comisiynydd plant yn glir, ac eto mae'r Llywodraeth yn parhau ar hyd llwybr a fydd yn creu system gofal plant na fydd yn addas i bwrpas. Rwy'n tawelu efo hynny. Mae llawer o argymhellion eraill y pwyllgor wedi cael eu derbyn, ac rwyf yn edrych ymlaen rŵan at ddod yn ôl at y pwnc pwysig yma, ac i weld mwy o gynnydd y tro nesaf.