English: Thank you very much. That was a short and fruitful debate with many thoughtful contributions. Thank you, Carolyn, for tabling it and for the work you've been doing with us to help inform an approach on this to work with local authorities to try and spread good practice. You highlighted the alarming rate at which nature is being depleted and many of the practical ways that we can all try and mitigate that. You also highlighted the good work being done by our Local Places for Nature scheme, as well as the projects, as Huw Irranca-Davies mentioned, being taken forward by town councils, housing associations, schools, the NHS and so on. I won't repeat the figures or the benefits that have been highlighted by Members. I would agree with Carolyn Thomas about the possibility from our road verges - we have 29,000 miles of road verges and they have the potential to sustain an astonishing amount of wildlife. And I take Sam Kurtz's point about the example in his constituency of verges in Milton. Where highway authorities do cut verges, they are very mindful of the impact that it has on visibility and on road safety. But even beyond the immediate side of the highway where these things are issues, there's a huge amount of surrounding land, which has got great potential, and, of course, the hedges and edges in your own community, not just on farms - little scraps of land here and there where there is potential to harness wildlife. So, there is much work to be done. Carolyn has done some good work in promoting the collection of cuttings to stop the grass creating dead vegetation and smothering delicate plants, and collecting seeds. In fact, we have funded a number of local authorities to have the machinery that will allow them to collect the seeds and, in the process, support the local provenance of flowers. Having a monoculture wildflower intruder in our countryside, for the best of intentions, can, in fact, serve to stifle biodiversity, and that's not what we want. And Huw Irranca-Davies is right: having the courage to accept messiness. I'm doing it in my own front lawn, and I do feel the disapproving looks of neighbours that my hedge is a little unkempt and the lawn is looking scruffy. And I think that is one of our barriers, and I think that's one of the pieces of work Carolyn Thomas has identified, the need to educate people. It's not the council being lazy in not cutting the grass, there's a reason for doing it. But it does require, as Huw Irranca-Davies said, a mind shift, to get people to understand that nature isn't tidy, and, in fact, tidiness is an enemy of biodiversity encouragement. So, there's a big education project to be done, and we are funding a range of projects across the country. Just to name one, the one mentioned by Carolyn Thomas - it was the North Wales Wildlife Trust's Biodiversity means Business project on the Wrexham industrial estate, which has created over 600 m of wildflower verges and eight roundabouts planted with wild flowers. There are many more examples that we are funding right across Wales, and we're working closely with Plantlife and their No Mow May campaign, which we really want to embed, and understand the barriers and do practical things to encourage them. My colleague Julie James is currently conducting a biodiversity deep dive, working in collaboration with a range of stakeholders, to try and understand practical barriers and how we overcome them. But I think the key point for us to emphasise - we've mentioned in the Chamber this afternoon already the climate emergency, but every time you mention the climate emergency, we must also mention the nature emergency that runs in parallel. And there are tensions between the two, and those tensions need to be managed and worked through. I had an excellent visit with the RSPB last week to the Conwy nature reserve on the side of the A55, and saw there, in a pretty unpromising location, really, how they've created an idyll of biodiversity, but how there are tensions between our two objectives of climate and nature emergency mitigations. And I think the more we talk about it, the more we mainstream and normalise untidiness. And for once, I think we can all embrace being a bit scruffy. Diolch.
Welsh: Diolch yn fawr iawn. Roedd hon yn ddadl fer a ffrwythlon gyda llawer o gyfraniadau meddylgar. Diolch am ei chyflwyno, Carolyn, ac am y gwaith y buoch yn ei wneud gyda ni i helpu i lywio dull o weithio gydag awdurdodau lleol gyda'r nod o geisio lledaenu arferion da. Roeddech yn tynnu sylw at pa mor frawychus o gyflym y mae natur yn cael ei disbyddu a llawer o'r ffyrdd ymarferol y gallwn i gyd geisio lliniaru hynny. Roeddech hefyd yn tynnu sylw at y gwaith da a wneir gan ein cynllun Lleoedd Lleol ar gyfer Natur, yn ogystal â'r prosiectau, fel y soniodd Huw Irranca-Davies, sy'n cael eu datblygu gan gynghorau tref, cymdeithasau tai, ysgolion, y GIG ac yn y blaen. Nid wyf am ailadrodd y ffigurau na'r manteision y mae'r Aelodau wedi tynnu sylw atynt. Rwy'n cytuno â Carolyn Thomas ynglŷn â'r posibiliadau ar gyfer ein lleiniau ymylon ffyrdd - mae gennym 29,000 o filltiroedd o leiniau ymylon ffyrdd ac mae ganddynt botensial i gynnal llawer iawn o fywyd gwyllt. Ac rwy'n derbyn pwynt Sam Kurtz am yr enghraifft yn ei etholaeth o ymyl ffordd yn Milton. Lle mae awdurdodau priffyrdd yn torri lleiniau ymylon ffyrdd, maent yn ymwybodol iawn o'r effaith y mae hynny'n ei chael ar welededd ac ar ddiogelwch ffyrdd. Ond hyd yn oed y tu hwnt i'r ochr agosaf at y briffordd lle mae'r pethau hyn yn faterion sy'n codi, ceir llawer iawn o dir cyfagos sydd â photensial mawr, ac wrth gwrs, y perthi a'r ymylon caeau yn eich cymuned, nid ar ffermydd yn unig - darnau bach o dir yma ac acw lle y ceir potensial i gynnal bywyd gwyllt. Felly, mae llawer o waith i'w wneud. Mae Carolyn wedi gwneud gwaith da yn hyrwyddo casglu toriadau i atal y glaswellt rhag creu llystyfiant marw a mygu planhigion bregus, a chasglu hadau. Yn wir, rydym wedi cyllido nifer o awdurdodau lleol i gael y peirianwaith a fydd yn caniatáu iddynt gasglu'r hadau ac yn y broses, i gynnal blodau o stoc leol. Gall cael blodyn gwyllt ymwthiol ungnwd yng nghefn gwlad lesteirio bioamrywiaeth er ein bwriadau gorau, ac nid dyna rydym am ei gael. Ac mae Huw Irranca-Davies yn iawn: bod â'r dewrder i dderbyn blerwch. Rwy'n ei wneud yn fy lawnt flaen fy hun, ac rwy'n teimlo llygaid beirniadol cymdogion fod fy ngwrych ychydig yn anniben a bod y lawnt yn edrych yn flêr. Ac rwy'n credu mai dyna un o'n rhwystrau, a chredaf mai dyna un o'r darnau o waith y mae Carolyn Thomas wedi'i nodi, yr angen i addysgu pobl. Nid bod yn ddiog y mae'r cyngor wrth beidio â thorri'r glaswellt, mae rheswm dros hynny. Ond fel y dywedodd Huw Irranca-Davies, mae angen newid meddylfryd, cael pobl i ddeall nad yw natur yn daclus, ac mewn gwirionedd, fod taclusrwydd yn elyn wrth annog bioamrywiaeth. Felly, mae prosiect addysg mawr i'w wneud, ac rydym yn ariannu amrywiaeth o brosiectau ledled y wlad. I enwi un, yr un a grybwyllwyd gan Carolyn Thomas - prosiect Bioamrywiaeth a Busnes Ymddiriedolaeth Natur Gogledd Cymru ar ystad ddiwydiannol Wrecsam, sydd wedi creu dros 600 metr o leiniau ymylon blodau gwyllt ac wedi plannu blodau gwyllt ar wyth cylchfan. Rydym yn ariannu llawer mwy o enghreifftiau ledled Cymru, ac rydym yn gweithio'n agos gyda Plantlife a'u hymgyrch No Mow May, rhywbeth yr ydym yn awyddus iawn i'w ymgorffori, a deall y rhwystrau a gwneud pethau ymarferol i'w hannog. Ar hyn o bryd, mae fy nghyd-Aelod, Julie James, yn cynnal archwiliad dwfn ar fioamrywiaeth, gan weithio ar y cyd ag amrywiaeth o randdeiliaid, i geisio deall rhwystrau ymarferol a sut i'w goresgyn. Ond credaf mai'r pwynt allweddol inni ei bwysleisio - rydym wedi sôn yn y Siambr y prynhawn yma eisoes am yr argyfwng hinsawdd, ond bob tro y soniwch am yr argyfwng hinsawdd, rhaid inni hefyd sôn am yr argyfwng natur sy'n digwydd ar yr un pryd. Ac mae tensiynau rhwng y ddau, ac mae angen rheoli'r tensiynau hynny a gweithio drwyddynt. Cefais ymweliad rhagorol gyda'r RSPB yr wythnos diwethaf â gwarchodfa natur Conwy ar ochr yr A55, a gwelais yno, mewn lleoliad eithaf anaddawol mewn gwirionedd, sut y maent wedi creu hafan o fioamrywiaeth, ond sut y ceir tensiynau rhwng ein dau nod i liniaru'r argyfwng hinsawdd a'r argyfwng natur. Po fwyaf y siaradwn amdano, y mwyaf y byddwn yn prif ffrydio ac yn normaleiddio blerwch. Ac am unwaith, rwy'n credu y gallwn i gyd groesawu'r cyfle i fod braidd yn anniben. Diolch.