English: Thank you, Rhun, for bringing this debate forward, and whilst you do have some concerns about solar, it's fair to say, along the north Wales coast, those concerns now extend to the huge windfarm projects that are coming our way. Dirprwy Lywydd, we know that around 58,000 work in the energy and environment sectors in Wales, generating over £4.8 billion in revenue, and this sector is primed for continued expansion over the coming years. Wales currently has 86 operational windfarms, the potential to generate around 10 GW from marine energy, a mature solar energy sector, and a tidal range capable of providing significant generation opportunities along the Welsh coastline. The Marine Strategy Regulations 2010 required the Welsh Government to take the necessary measures to achieve or maintain good environmental status of marine waters by 31 December 2020, and the Minister and I know that that deadline has been missed. Marine biodiversity continues to decline. Why not reverse the trend by seeing offshore windfarms and the seabed connectors used as the basis for seabed ecosystem recovery and blue carbon sequestration? I've been undertaking some very constructive discussions with Professor Chris Baines who lives in my constituency, and he's a renowned author on such matters. He has rightly outlined that if windfarms can become - . If they're going to be there, can they become sanctuary areas with minimal seabed disturbance? And if this can be combined with proactive habitat restoration in the form of such things as artificial reef application to the turbine bases, then the wind energy infrastructure could actually make a unique and enormously positive contribution to marine recovery and carbon net zero, while subscribing to our biodiversity and conservation aims. So, Minister, could I ask, what steps are you taking to encourage the involvement of any future renewable energy developers in Welsh marine habitat regeneration projects such as this? What steps are you taking to encourage the diversion of community spend towards planting efforts, like those of seagrass meadows, which are known to capture carbon up to 35 times faster than tropical rain forests? The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds's proposal for a marine development plan would provide clarity on how much development is sustainable within Welsh seas, and where it is best placed. In reply to a written question to you, Minister, you confirmed that the Welsh Government were initiating a two-year programme of work to map potential strategic resource areas. So, with this in mind, would you update us on the progress of this mapping activity and confirm to us today a deadline for delivery? A report by Zero Waste Scotland estimated that as many as 5,613 turbines will be decommissioned between 2021 and 2050, generating between 1.25 million and 1.4 million tonnes of material. And, of course, I've raised concerns myself recently about how the turbine blades, at the moment, are not recyclable. So, in Denmark, the Re-Wind Network is repurposing these structures into various architectural elements, such as bicycle shelters and footbridges. Rotterdam has a 1,200 sq m children's playground featuring a slide tower, tunnels and ramps, all made from decommissioned wind turbine blades. What steps are you taking to produce data on the windfarm decommissioning process, Minister? And will you commit to working with new developers to introduce a requirement that sees in advance them to repurpose their equipment in a way that actually benefits our communities and, indeed, our environment? Finally, the Minister knows that the Awel y Môr, BP Morgan and Mona offshore windfarm projects are of a major concern to many. In fact, when these are developed, it has been said by many experts in the field that there will be an over-proliferation of wind turbines on the north Wales coast. Conwy County Borough Council, to date, one of their committees has now shown their true objections to the huge scheme that is the Awel y Môr scheme. It cannot be right that there is such little protection for our fishermen who, Minister - Minister - will be actually, you know, their livelihoods could be threatened by a scheme on the close horizon, just 10.6 km off the coast. We are in a nature crisis, yet there is a real risk that these schemes could have a detrimental impact on marine species, our tourism offer and, indeed -
Welsh: Diolch am gyflwyno'r ddadl hon, Rhun, ac er bod gennych rai pryderon am solar, mae'n deg dweud, ar hyd arfordir gogledd Cymru, fod y pryderon hynny bellach yn ymestyn i gynnwys y prosiectau ffermydd gwynt enfawr sydd ar y ffordd. Ddirprwy Lywydd, gwyddom fod tua 58,000 yn gweithio yn y sector ynni a'r sector amgylchedd yng Nghymru, gan gynhyrchu dros £4.8 biliwn mewn refeniw, ac mae'r sector hwn wedi'i baratoi i gael ei ehangu'n barhaus dros y blynyddoedd nesaf. Ar hyn o bryd mae gan Gymru 86 o ffermydd gwynt gweithredol, potensial i gynhyrchu tua 10 GW o ynni morol, sector ynni solar aeddfed, ac amrediad llanw sy'n gallu darparu cyfleoedd cynhyrchu sylweddol ar hyd arfordir Cymru. Roedd Rheoliadau Strategaeth Forol 2010 yn ei gwneud yn ofynnol i Lywodraeth Cymru gymryd y camau angenrheidiol i gyflawni neu gynnal statws amgylcheddol da dyfroedd morol erbyn 31 Rhagfyr 2020, a gwn na lwyddwyd i wneud hynny erbyn y dyddiad hwnnw. Mae bioamrywiaeth forol yn parhau i ddirywio. Beth am wrthdroi'r duedd drwy weld y ffermydd gwynt ar y môr a chysylltwyr gwely'r môr yn cael eu defnyddio fel sail ar gyfer adfer ecosystem gwely'r môr a dal a storio carbon glas? Rwyf wedi bod yn cynnal trafodaethau adeiladol iawn gyda'r Athro Chris Baines sy'n byw yn fy etholaeth i, ac mae'n awdur enwog ar faterion o'r fath. Mae wedi amlinellu'n briodol, os gall ffermydd gwynt ddod - . Os ydynt yn mynd i fod yno, a allant ddod yn warchodfeydd gan aflonyddu cyn lleied â phosibl ar wely'r môr? Ac os gellir cyfuno hyn ag adfer cynefinoedd yn rhagweithiol ar ffurf pethau fel gosod riffiau artiffisial ar waelod y tyrbinau, gallai'r seilwaith ynni gwynt wneud cyfraniad unigryw a chadarnhaol tu hwnt i adferiad morol a charbon sero-net, tra'n cydymffurfio â'n nodau bioamrywiaeth a chadwraeth. Felly, Weinidog, a gaf fi ofyn pa gamau a gymerir gennych i annog datblygwyr ynni adnewyddadwy yn y dyfodol i gymryd rhan mewn prosiectau o'r fath i adfywio cynefinoedd morol Cymru? Pa gamau a gymerir gennych i annog dargyfeirio gwariant cymunedol tuag at ymdrechion plannu, fel rhai dolydd morwellt, y gwyddys eu bod yn dal carbon hyd at 35 gwaith yn gyflymach na choedwigoedd glaw trofannol? Byddai argymhelliad y Gymdeithas Frenhinol er Gwarchod Adar ar gyfer cynllun datblygu morol yn rhoi eglurder ynghylch faint o ddatblygiad sy'n gynaliadwy ym moroedd Cymru, a lle sydd orau i'w leoli. Wrth ateb cwestiwn ysgrifenedig i chi, Weinidog, fe wnaethoch gadarnhau bod Llywodraeth Cymru yn dechrau rhaglen waith ddwy flynedd i fapio adnoddau strategol posibl. Felly, gyda hyn mewn golwg, a wnewch chi roi'r wybodaeth ddiweddaraf i ni am gynnydd y gweithgaredd mapio hwn a chadarnhau dyddiad ar gyfer cyflawni i ni heddiw? Amcangyfrifodd adroddiad gan Zero Waste Scotland y bydd cynifer â 5,613 o dyrbinau yn cael eu datgomisiynu rhwng 2021 a 2050, gan gynhyrchu rhwng 1.25 miliwn ac 1.4 miliwn tunnell o ddeunydd. Ac wrth gwrs, rwyf wedi mynegi pryderon fy hun yn ddiweddar ynglŷn â sut na ellir ailgylchu llafnau'r tyrbin ar hyn o bryd. Felly, yn Nenmarc, mae'r Re-Wind Network yn addasu'r strwythurau hyn yn wahanol elfennau pensaernïol, megis llochesi beiciau a phontydd troed. Mae gan Rotterdam faes chwarae 1,200 metr sgwâr i blant sy'n cynnwys tŵr sleidiau, twnelau a rampiau, a'r cyfan wedi'i greu o lafnau tyrbinau gwynt a ddatgomisiynwyd. Pa gamau a gymerir gennych i gynhyrchu data ar y broses o ddatgomisiynu ffermydd gwynt, Weinidog? Ac a wnewch chi ymrwymo i weithio gyda datblygwyr newydd i gyflwyno gofyniad yn galw arnynt i ymrwymo ymlaen llaw i addasu eu hoffer at ddibenion gwahanol mewn ffordd sydd o fudd i'n cymunedau, a'n hamgylchedd yn wir? Yn olaf, mae'r Gweinidog yn gwybod bod prosiectau ffermydd gwynt ar y môr Awel y Môr, BP Morgan a Mona yn peri pryder mawr i lawer. Yn wir, pan ddatblygir y rhain, dywedodd sawl arbenigwr yn y maes y bydd gormod o dyrbinau gwynt ar arfordir gogledd Cymru. Hyd yma, mae un o bwyllgorau Cyngor Bwrdeistref Sirol Conwy wedi dangos eu gwir wrthwynebiadau i gynllun enfawr Awel y Môr. Ni all fod yn iawn fod cyn lleied o ddiogelwch i'n pysgotwyr a fydd, Weinidog - mewn gwirionedd, wyddoch chi, gallai eu bywoliaeth gael ei bygwth gan gynllun ar y gorwel agos, 10.6 km yn unig oddi ar yr arfordir. Rydym mewn argyfwng natur, ac eto mae perygl gwirioneddol y gallai'r cynlluniau hyn gael effaith andwyol ar rywogaethau morol, ein cynnig twristiaeth, ac yn wir -