English: It is a big question, indeed. [ Laughter. ] I think it's worth noting, perhaps, to start, from the point of view of the Welsh language, that the Welsh language is one of the liveliest and most vibrant and creative minority languages in Europe. You have Catalan that has the greatest numbers, you have the Basque language that has more money, but you have the Welsh language that has more creativity and innovation associated with it. That's the characteristic of Welsh-speaking Welsh people. But when you look, then, at where they are - and we're talking about creating 1 million Welsh speakers, so it's important to look at where our Welsh speakers are at present, those people who speak Welsh on a daily basis - they tend to be in two areas, namely the post-industrial area, the Gwendraeth valley, Blaenau Ffestiniog, where there has been a reason in the past, because of employment, for people to move to those areas, even from the outside of Wales, and they become Welsh speakers anyway. So, those communities that have now declined significantly - those communities do require support, and they have, of course, received support through the structural funds. So, that's one of the areas. The other area, of course, is the rural agricultural area. There's a high percentage of Welsh speakers working in those fields. The Welsh family farm is at the heart of communities, and, of course, it's out of those that all of the services that provide services in rural areas, the organisations, the societies that flourish in those areas - they are dependent on agriculture. So, looking forward, one asks the question: how will those communities be supported? And I think, if you look at what's happening at present, you have the 'Brexit and our land' document that sets out the Welsh Government proposals for that, and there are a number of questions, perhaps, emanating from this particular document, where there is perhaps a slightly different view to the interpretation of Welsh speakers from these areas. When you consider how many people in west Wales, north Wales and mid Wales speak Welsh in this industry, the main principle - . There are five main principles in this document, and language isn't one of them. Now, there's mention made in the document of the linguistic element, and it notes that these communities have a high percentage of Welsh speakers, but it isn't a principle. There are principles with regard to conservation - that's a very strong thread - and yet language conservation isn't one of them. So, a question does arise, as we move from a situation where there is European interest in maintaining small farms - France is a classical example of that - what will happen in a situation where the influence of the United Kingdom does push towards larger farms, more efficient farms, or so it seems? But, of course, that doesn't follow - that is, there are plenty of examples in Wales of small farms that are very efficient as well. So, any change in that direction could actually undermine not only agriculture, but it could also undermine communities, society and families - a language ecosystem that has developed over the centuries. That could be undermined by this. And if we have this aim of creating 1 million Welsh speakers, then there's no point in us at the same time undermining the base of speakers that we have already, because there's no point for people to learn how to speak Welsh if people don't then use it. There's no point - it's a waste of effort. So, I think we need to be careful here that one policy doesn't militate against another.
Welsh: Mae e yn gwestiwn mawr. [ Chwerthin. ] Rydw i'n credu, efallai, ei bod hi'n werth nodi i ddechrau, o safbwynt y Gymraeg, y Gymraeg ydy un o ieithoedd lleiafrifol mwyaf bywiog Ewrop - mwyaf creadigol. Buaswn i'n dweud, mae gyda chi Gatalaneg â mwy o niferoedd, mae gyda chi'r Basgiaid sydd â mwy o arian, ond mae gyda chi'r Cymry sydd â mwy o greadigrwydd ac o ddyfeisgarwch. Dyna ydy nodwedd y Cymry Cymraeg. Ond pan ydych chi'n edrych, wedyn, ble maen nhw - ac rŷm ni'n sôn am greu 1 filiwn o siaradwyr, felly mae'n bwysig edrych lle mae ein Cymry Cymraeg ni ar hyn o bryd, y bobl hynny sy'n siarad Cymraeg bob dydd - maen nhw'n tueddi i fod mewn dwy ardal yn benodol, sef yr ardal ôl-ddiwydiannol, Cwm Gwendraeth, Blaenau Ffestiniog, lle mae yna reswm wedi bod yn y gorffennol, oherwydd gwaith, i bobl symud i'r ardaloedd hynny, hyd yn oed o'r tu allan i Gymru, a'u bod nhw'n dod yn siaradwyr Cymraeg beth bynnag. Felly, mae'r cymunedau yna sydd bellach wedi dirywio'n sylweddol - mae'r cymunedau yna angen cefnogaeth, ac maen nhw, wrth gwrs, yn cael, ac wedi cael cefnogaeth drwy'r cronfeydd strwythurol. Felly, dyna un o'r ardaloedd. Ac wedyn yr ardal arall, wrth gwrs, yw ardal amaethyddiaeth. Hynny yw, mae yna ganran uchel iawn o siaradwyr Cymraeg yn gweithio yn y meysydd hynny. Mae'r fferm deuluol Gymraeg yn rhyw fath o graidd i gymunedau, ac, wrth gwrs, allan o fanna mae'r holl wasanaethau sydd yn gwasanaethu mewn ardaloedd gwledig, yr holl gymdeithasau sy'n ffynnu yn yr ardaloedd hynny - maen nhw'n ddibynnol ar faes amaeth. Felly, o edrych ymlaen, mae rhywun yn gofyn y cwestiwn: sut mae'r cymunedau yna yn mynd i gael eu cynnal? Ac rydw i'n credu, wrth ichi edrych ar beth sy'n digwydd ar hyn o bryd, mae gyda chi'r ddogfen 'Brexit a'n Tir' sy'n gosod allan cynigion Llywodraeth Cymru ar gyfer hynny, ac mae yna nifer o gwestiynau, efallai, yn codi allan o'r ddogfen honno, lle mae yna edrych, efallai, ar ffordd rywfaint yn wahanol i'r dehongliad sydd gan Gymry Cymraeg o'r ardaloedd amaethyddol hyn. Pan ydych chi'n ystyried cymaint o bobl yng ngorllewin, gogledd a chanolbarth Cymru sy'n siarad Cymraeg yn y diwydiant hwn, mae'r brif egwyddor - . Mae yna bum prif egwyddor yn y ddogfen hon, ac nid ydy iaith yn un ohonyn nhw. Mae yna sôn yn y ddogfen am elfennau ieithyddol, ac maen nhw'n nodi bod y cymdeithasau yma â chanran uchel o siaradwyr Cymraeg, ond nid ydy hi'n egwyddor. Hynny yw, mae yna egwyddorion yma yn ymwneud â chadwraeth yn gryf, ac, eto, nid ydy cadwraeth iaith yn un ohonyn nhw. Felly, mae yna gwestiwn yn codi, wrth inni fynd o sefyllfa lle mae yna ddiddordeb Ewropeaidd mewn cadw a chynnal ffermydd bach, i bob pwrpas - Ffrainc yn enghraifft glasurol o hynny - beth fydd yn digwydd mewn sefyllfa, efallai, lle mae dylanwad y Deyrnas Gyfunol yn gwthio i gyfeiriad ffermydd mwy o faint, a mwy effeithiol, mae'n debyg? Ond, wrth gwrs, nid ydy o'n dilyn - hynny yw, mae yna ddigon o enghreifftiau yng Nghymru o ffermydd bach sy'n hynod effeithiol hefyd. Felly, mae unrhyw newid yn y cyfeiriad yna - fe allai danseilio nid yn unig, efallai, amaethyddiaeth, ond fe allai danseilio cymunedau, cymdeithas, teuluoedd - ecosystem iaith sydd wedi datblygu dros y canrifoedd. Hynny yw, gallai hynny gael ei danseilio gan hyn. Ac os ydym ni â'r nod yma o greu 1 filiwn o siaradwyr, nid oes pwynt inni ar yr un pryd danseilio'r base o siaradwyr sydd gyda ni'n barod, achos nid oes dim pwynt i bobl ddysgu siarad iaith nad ydy pobl yn ei defnyddio. Nid oes dim pwynt - hynny yw, mae'n wastraff ymdrech. Felly, rydw i'n credu bod eisiau gofalu fan hyn nad oes un polisi yn milwriaethu yn erbyn un arall.