English: Llywydd, I think it's strange how often, in fact, pizza has played a part in the history of the National Assembly for Wales. Any time now, an earnest PhD student will be looking to interview Members here on the significance of pepperoni in the history of devolution. But they'll do so because, in that very earliest period, my recollection, coming here in the spring of the year 2000, was that the survival of the institution was by no means guaranteed, that it seemed a place on a knife edge. Everything that I say about the 20-year history that has followed is based on my view that the fact that this institution is now a taken-for-granted part of the political landscape here in Wales is in and of itself an achievement, which, this time 20 years ago, nobody could have felt so confident about. So, I want to begin with five points that I think those who were involved in those earlier days - . If you'd told them then that this was going to happen over 20 years, they'd have thought that all of these things were a pleasant surprise. I think if you'd said to people 20 years ago that, at this point in our history, the National Assembly for Wales would be a Parliament with full law-making powers, that those law-making powers had been endorsed in a second referendum and that that referendum had been absolutely conclusively won, those people who famously spent their time debating the smaller Egyptian potato Order would, I think, have been very pleasantly surprised to know about the range and depth of responsibilities that within that 20-year period had coalesced around this National Assembly. I think, back in 1999, people would have been surprised if they had learned that within just two decades this National Assembly would be exercising entirely new fiscal responsibilities, not for the first time in 20 years, but, as we know, for the first time in 800 years here in Wales, that that 'pocket money Parliament' charge that used to be levelled at the National Assembly during the first decade - that we were a body that was given money by somebody else to spend but had no responsibility for raising that money - within 20 years, that would have come to an end and that £5 billion-worth of taxation that is raised here in Wales is raised because of decisions that are made every year here on the floor of this National Assembly. And I certainly think, in my third point, that if you had said to people in 1999 that levels of economic inactivity in Wales within 20 years would be lower than the rest of the United Kingdom, people would find that very hard to believe, because 1999 coincided with the peak levels of economic inactivity here in Wales, and the gap between economic inactivity here and the rest of the United Kingdom was at its widest. I think if people had thought that, in 20 years, not only that gap had been eliminated, but that it had even gone into a position where we were better than the rest of United Kingdom, people would have been very pleasantly surprised. And I think, in my fourth point, that if you had described the significant cultural shifts that had happened in only two decades, it would have been hard to persuade people in 1999 that all these things could have happened as well. If you'd told people then that smoking would have disappeared from enclosed public places everywhere in Wales - because, in 1999 people smoked everywhere. They smoked in enclosed rooms. They even smoked in restaurants. They smoked where children were present. And today that would be shocking if you saw it here in Wales, only 20 years later.
Welsh: Llywydd, rwy'n credu ei bod yn rhyfedd pa mor aml, mewn gwirionedd, y mae pizza wedi chwarae rhan yn hanes Cynulliad Cenedlaethol Cymru. Yn fuan, bydd myfyriwr doethuriaeth o ddifrif yn ceisio cyfweld ag Aelodau yma i drafod arwyddocâd pepperoni yn hanes datganoli. Ond byddant yn gwneud hynny oherwydd, yn y cyfnod cynharaf oll hwnnw, fy atgof i o ddod yma yng ngwanwyn y flwyddyn 2000, oedd bod llwyddiant y sefydliad yn bell o fod yn sicr, a'i fod yn ymddangos bod y lle yn y fantol. Mae popeth rwy'n ei ddweud am yr 20 mlynedd a ddilynodd wedi'i seilio ar fy marn i fod y ffaith bod y sefydliad hwn yn rhan o ddarlun gwleidyddol Cymru a gymerir yn ganiataol erbyn hyn, yn gyflawniad ynddo'i hun, ac ni fyddai neb, 20 mlynedd yn ôl, wedi teimlo mor hyderus am hyn. Felly, hoffwn i ddechrau gyda phum pwynt rwy'n credu y byddai'r rhai hynny a fu'n gysylltiedig yn y dyddiau cynnar hynny - . Pe byddech wedi dweud wrthyn nhw bryd hynny y byddai hyn yn digwydd dros 20 mlynedd, bydden nhw wedi meddwl bod yr holl bethau hyn yn syndod dymunol. Rwy'n credu, pe byddech chi wedi dweud wrth bobl 20 mlynedd yn ôl, y byddai Cynulliad Cenedlaethol Cymru, ar yr adeg hon yn ein hanes ni, yn Senedd a chanddo bwerau deddfu llawn, fod y pwerau deddfu hynny wedi'u cymeradwyo mewn ail refferendwm a bod y refferendwm hwnnw wedi'i ennill yn gwbl bendant, byddai'r bobl hynny a oedd yn enwog am dreulio'u hamser yn dadlau'r Gorchymyn Tatws o'r Aifft llai, rwy'n credu, wedi eu synnu'n fawr iawn o gael gwybod am ystod a dyfnder y cyfrifoldebau a oedd wedi'u huno yn yr 20 mlynedd hynny o ran y Cynulliad Cenedlaethol hwn. Rwy'n credu, yn ôl ym 1999, y byddai pobl wedi synnu pe byddent wedi dysgu y byddai'r Cynulliad Cenedlaethol hwn, o fewn dau ddegawd, yn arfer cyfrifoldebau cyllidol cwbl newydd, nid am y tro cyntaf mewn 20 mlynedd, ond, fel y gwyddom ni, am y tro cyntaf mewn 800 mlynedd yma yng Nghymru, fod y tâl 'Senedd arian poced' hwnnw a fyddai'n cael ei godi ar y Cynulliad Cenedlaethol yn ystod y degawd cyntaf - ein bod yn gorff y rhoddwyd arian iddo gan rywun arall i'w wario ond heb unrhyw gyfrifoldeb dros godi'r arian hwnnw - o fewn 20 mlynedd, y byddai hynny wedi dod i ben a bod y £5 biliwn o drethiant a godir yma yng Nghymru yn cael ei godi oherwydd penderfyniadau sy'n cael eu gwneud bob blwyddyn yma ar lawr y Cynulliad Cenedlaethol hwn. Rwy'n sicr yn credu, yn fy nhrydydd pwynt, pe byddech wedi dweud wrth bobl ym 1999 y byddai lefelau anweithgarwch economaidd yng Nghymru o fewn 20 mlynedd yn is na gweddill y Deyrnas Unedig, y byddai pobl yn ei chael yn anodd iawn credu hynny. Oherwydd roedd 1999 yn cyd-daro â'r lefelau uchaf o anweithgarwch economaidd yma yng Nghymru, ac roedd y bwlch rhwng anweithgarwch economaidd yma a gweddill y Deyrnas Unedig ar ei fwyaf. Rwy'n credu pe byddai pobl wedi meddwl, mewn 20 mlynedd, yn fwy na dileu'r bwlch hwnnw, y byddai hyd yn oed wedi troi'n sefyllfa lle'r oeddem i fod yn well na gweddill y Deyrnas Unedig, y byddai pobl wedi cael eu synnu'n fawr iawn ar yr ochr orau. Ac rwy'n credu, yn fy mhedwerydd pwynt, pe byddech wedi disgrifio'r newidiadau diwylliannol sylweddol a oedd wedi digwydd mewn dau ddegawd, y byddai wedi bod yn anodd argyhoeddi pobl ym 1999 y gallai'r holl bethau hyn fod wedi digwydd hefyd. Pe byddech wedi dweud wrth bobl bryd hynny y byddai ysmygu wedi diflannu o fannau cyhoeddus caeedig ym mhob man yng Nghymru - oherwydd, ym 1999 roedd pobl yn ysmygu ym mhob man. Roedden nhw'n ysmygu mewn ystafelloedd caeedig. Roedden nhw hyd yn oed yn ysmygu mewn bwytai. Roedden nhw'n ysmygu lle'r oedd plant yn bresennol. A heddiw, pe byddech yn gweld hynny'n digwydd yma yng Nghymru byddai'n frawychus, dim ond 20 mlynedd yn ddiweddarach.