English: Thank you very much, Llywydd, for this opportunity. Deputy Minister, can I say 'thank you' for your earlier answers, and for the contributions today? You were right: I did go and visit Auschwitz-Birkenau this time last week. I don't propose to talk about that in particular, except from one particular angle, which we've touched on a little bit already, and that is the necessity for our younger people to go there. It's 75 years since the liberation, as we know. Time has passed. The generations before the young people we have today - my generation, at least, born less than 20 years after the second world war - weren't told about the horrors of the Holocaust, and, in fact, as we heard from Norma Glass, a member of the Jewish community in Swansea, who was at the Pentrehafod event earlier this week - this is an older lady - she wasn't told about the events either, because people couldn't bring themselves to talk about it. That's why I too am pleased with the work of the Holocaust Educational Trust, and, of course, the willingness of survivors to talk to us. On the back of my exhortation to get as many young people to go to Auschwitz as soon as possible, I think we have to recognise that, because time has passed, we now have stories coming forward of individuals - and I stress it is individuals - thinking it's entirely appropriate, after having seen some of the awful exhibits, and having seen the ovens where people like them burned people like them, that they can stand in front of the death wall, where people like them were shot by people like them, taking selfies and making - . Ridiculous, fun-filled activities, and I wonder: do they see themselves as antisemitic when they're doing that? Because that's what I wanted to ask you about. Part of this Stand Together exhortation is about action, rather than just words, and as part of the visit I did last week - . Obviously, we had a conference alongside it, hosted by the European Jewish Association, which is the biggest association of Jewish organisations across Europe, within the EU and beyond it, and, at the conference, we heard from Ministers of state from across all the European countries that I can think of, and we were all invited to consider further legislation in our countries - and this where action rather than just words comes into what I'm about to say - to combat antisemitism. We don't have the competence for all these, and I'll go through them as quickly as possible, but the first one was to ask whether states were prepared to penalise organisations or individuals who engage in antisemitic stereotyping in the public domain. It was suggested to us that the national education bodies of all our countries appoint a special representative mandated to liaise with designated Jewish community representatives with expertise in the field of education to ensure that teaching resources are accurate, that the Holocaust is seen as the bigger picture of the Jewish nation and the Jewish story, and the contribution of Jews to public life can be adequately recognised - particularly important in Wales, where the Jewish population is small, and, as Jenny alluded to, education research on the Holocaust more widely, as far as I can tell, anyway, is not as developed as it is in Scotland and England. I recommend Dr Andy Pearce's paper on the Holocaust and the national curriculum of England after 25 years. Neither of these proposals prevents similar steps being taken to combat other type of racial or religious discrimination, of course. Then, thirdly, they called for an outright ban on the trade of Nazi memorabilia for personal profit or macabre interest, excluding legitimate historians and institutions, of course. It was a highlight of the event for me to meet Abdallah Chatila, the Lebanese Christian who spent €600,000 of his own money to take a number of Hitler's personal possessions off the market, and they're now on their way to Yad Vashem. We don't have the competence for all of this, but if standing together does mean action rather than words, I wonder if you would be prepared to make representations to the UK Government - I'm sorry the Dubs amendment has come up in this context; I don't think that was appropriate - but also think about what we can do here with the powers that we do have, whether that's through policy or through legislation. Thank you. Diolch, Llywydd.
Welsh: Diolch yn fawr iawn, Llywydd, am y cyfle hwn. Dirprwy Weinidog, a gaf i ddweud 'diolch' am eich atebion cynharach, ac am y cyfraniadau heddiw? Roeddech yn iawn: fe wnes i fynd i ymweld ag Auschwitz-Birkenau yr adeg yma yr wythnos diwethaf. Nid wyf yn bwriadu siarad am hynny'n benodol, ac eithrio un elfen benodol, yr ydym ni wedi'i chrybwyll eisoes, a dyna'r rheidrwydd i'n pobl iau fynd yno. Mae'n 75 mlynedd ers iddo gael ei ryddhau, fel y gwyddom ni. Mae amser wedi mynd heibio. Ni chafodd y cenedlaethau a ddaeth o flaen y bobl ifanc sydd gennym ni heddiw - fy nghenhedlaeth i o leiaf, a aned lai nag 20 mlynedd ar ôl yr ail ryfel byd - eu hysbysu am erchyllterau'r Holocost ac, yn wir, fel y clywsom ni gan Norma Glass, aelod o'r gymuned Iddewig yn Abertawe, a oedd yn nigwyddiad Pentrehafod yn gynharach yr wythnos hon - menyw hŷn yw hon - ni chafodd wybod am y digwyddiadau ychwaith, oherwydd ni allai pobl ddarbwyllo eu hunain i siarad am y peth. Dyna pam yr wyf innau hefyd yn falch o waith Ymddiriedolaeth Addysgol yr Holocost, ac, wrth gwrs, parodrwydd goroeswyr i siarad â ni. Yn ogystal â'm hanogaeth i gael cynifer o bobl ifanc i fynd i Auschwitz cyn gynted â phosib, rwy'n credu bod yn rhaid i ni gydnabod, oherwydd bod amser wedi mynd heibio, ein bod ni bellach yn cael straeon am unigolion - a phwysleisiaf mai unigolion ydyn nhw - sy'n meddwl ei bod yn hollol briodol, ar ôl gweld rhai o'r arddangosion erchyll, ac ar ôl gweld y ffyrnau lle bu pobl fel nhw'n llosgi pobl fel nhw, eu bod nhw'n gallu sefyll o flaen y wal farwolaeth, lle cafodd pobl fel nhw eu saethu gan bobl fel nhw, i dynnu hun-luniau a gwneud - . Gweithgareddau llawn hwyl hurt, a tybed: a ydyn nhw'n gweld eu hunain yn wrthsemitaidd pan fyddan nhw'n gwneud hynny? Oherwydd dyna'r hyn yr oeddwn am eich holi yn ei gylch. Mae rhan o'r anogiad Sefyll Gyda'n Gilydd hwn yn ymwneud â gweithredoedd yn hytrach na geiriau yn unig, ac fel rhan o'm hymweliad yr wythnos diwethaf - . Yn amlwg, cawsom gynhadledd ochr yn ochr â'r ymweliad, a gynhaliwyd gan Gymdeithas Iddewig Ewrop, sef y gymdeithas fwyaf o sefydliadau Iddewig ledled Ewrop, yn yr UE a thu hwnt, ac yn y gynhadledd, clywsom gan Weinidogion gwladol o'r holl wledydd Ewropeaidd y gallaf feddwl amdanynt, a gwahoddwyd pob un ohonom ni i ystyried deddfwriaeth bellach yn ein gwledydd - a dyma lle mae gweithredu yn hytrach na dim ond geiriau yn rhan o'r hyn yr wyf ar fin ei ddweud - i fynd i'r afael â gwrthsemitiaeth. Nid oes gennym y cymhwysedd ar gyfer pob un o'r rhain, a byddaf yn mynd drwyddynt cyn gynted â phosib, ond yr un cyntaf oedd gofyn a oedd gwladwriaethau yn barod i gosbi sefydliadau neu unigolion sy'n ymwneud â stereoteipio gwrthsemitaidd yn gyhoeddus. Awgrymwyd i ni y dylai cyrff addysg cenedlaethol ein holl wledydd benodi cynrychiolydd arbennig gyda'r cyfrifoldeb o gysylltu â chynrychiolwyr cymunedau Iddewig dynodedig sydd ag arbenigedd ym maes addysg i sicrhau bod adnoddau addysgu yn gywir, bod yr Holocost yn cael ei weld fel darlun mwy o'r genedl Iddewig a hanes yr Iddewon, ac y gellir cydnabod yn ddigonol gyfraniad Iddewon i fywyd cyhoeddus - sy'n arbennig o bwysig yng Nghymru, lle mae'r boblogaeth Iddewig yn fach, ac, fel y crybwyllwyd gan Jenny, nid yw ymchwil addysg ehangach i'r Holocost, hyd y gallaf ddweud, beth bynnag, wedi datblygu cymaint ag y mae yn yr Alban a Lloegr. Rwy'n argymell papur Dr Andy Pearce ar yr Holocost a chwricwlwm cenedlaethol Lloegr ar ôl 25 mlynedd. Nid yw unrhyw un o'r cynigion hyn yn rhwystro gweithredu tebyg i fynd i'r afael â mathau eraill o wahaniaethu hiliol neu grefyddol, wrth gwrs. Yna, yn drydydd, fe alwon nhw am waharddiad llwyr ar fasnach gofiannau'r Natsïaid am elw personol neu oherwydd diddordeb dychrynllyd, gan eithrio haneswyr a sefydliadau cyfreithlon, wrth gwrs. Uchafbwynt y digwyddiad i mi oedd cwrdd ag Abdallah Chatila, y Cristion o Libanus a wariodd €600,000 o'i arian ei hun i gymryd nifer o eiddo personol Hitler oddi ar y farchnad, ac maen nhw nawr ar eu ffordd i Yad Vashem. Nid oes gennym y cymhwysedd ar gyfer hyn i gyd, ond os yw Sefyll Gyda'n Gilydd yn golygu gweithredu yn hytrach na geiriau, tybed a fyddech yn barod i gyflwyno sylwadau i Lywodraeth y DU - mae'n ddrwg gennyf fod gwelliant Dubs wedi codi yn y cyd-destun hwn; nid wyf yn credu bod hynny'n briodol - ond i feddwl hefyd am yr hyn y gallwn ni ei wneud yma gyda'r pwerau sydd gennym ni, boed hynny drwy bolisi neu drwy ddeddfwriaeth. Diolch, Llywydd.