English: Although more women work part-time than men, they have less time free from work. They're more likely to be trying to stitch together several part-time jobs to try to keep their heads above water. But they are far more likely to have less free time because they fulfil unpaid roles. When the order came to work from home, I was part of a team of employees who were mothers. I can testify to the impact of the destruction of their complex key networks of support: the fragile network of schools, nurseries, child minders, members of the family, friends and so on. The vast majority of the responsibilities in terms of care fell on the shoulders of women mainly, and that which was revealed about inequality between the genders is something that we have to take action to change. Because, never mind the wage paid, research shows that women who work have provided more childcare than men on similar wages. In research by Chwarae Teg, it was demonstrated that women had to cut their working hours in order to cope with unpaid work, such as care. And the women who were most vulnerable economically and socially are affected most. But these inequalities aren't new. For decades, Governments of all colours have failed to support people's ability to meet their fundamental needs and those who are dependent on them. There is a far stronger link as well between overwork and mental health issues amongst women. Even before the pandemic, the levels of stress related to the workforce were three times as high for women. So, how would a four-day week help to tackle inequality?
Welsh: Er bod mwy o fenywod yn gweithio'n rhan-amser na dynion, mae ganddyn nhw lai o amser sy'n rhydd o waith. Maen nhw'n fwy tebygol o fod yn pwytho sawl swydd ran-amser at ei gilydd er mwyn cadw pen uwchben y dŵr. Ond maen nhw'n llawer mwy tebygol o fod â llai o amser rhydd o waith am eu bod nhw'n cyflawni rolau di-dâl. Pan ddaeth y gorchymyn i weithio gartref, roedden i'n rhan o dîm o weithwyr oedd yn famau. Rwy'n gallu tystio i effaith chwalu eu rhwydwaith cymhleth ac allweddol o gefnogaeth: y strwythur bregus o ysgolion, meithrinfeydd, gofalwyr plant, aelodau o'r teulu, ffrindiau ac yn y blaen. Fe ddisgynnodd y rhan helaeth o'r cyfrifoldebau gofal yn ddisymwth ar ysgwyddau menywod yn bennaf, ac mae'r hyn a ddadlennwyd mor glir am anghydraddoldeb rhwng y rhywiau yn rhywbeth y mae'n rhaid inni weithredu i'w newid. Achos, waeth beth fo'u cyflog, mae ymchwil yn dangos bod menywod sy'n gweithio wedi gwneud mwy o ofal plant na dynion sydd ar gyflog tebyg. Mewn ymchwil gan Chwarae Teg, fe welwyd bod menywod wedi gorfod torri eu horiau gwaith er mwyn gallu ymdopi gyda gwaith di-dâl, fel gofalu. A'r menywod mwyaf bregus yn economaidd ac yn gymdeithasol sy'n cael eu heffeithio arnynt yn bennaf. Ond dyw'r anghydraddoldebau yma ddim yn rhai newydd. Ers degawdau, mae Llywodraethau o bob lliw wedi methu â chefnogi gallu pobl i gwrdd â'u hanghenion sylfaenol a'r rhai sy'n ddibynnol arnynt. Mae yna gysylltiad llawer cryfach hefyd rhwng gorweithio a phroblemau iechyd meddwl menywod. Hyd yn oed cyn y pandemig, roedd y lefelau o straen sy'n gysylltiedig â'r gweithle deirgwaith yn uwch i fenywod. Sut felly byddai wythnos pedwar diwrnod yn helpu taclo anghydraddoldebau?