English: So, what's wrong with the Welsh Government's approach at the moment? Well, we can look at a selection of its strategies and policies around agriculture, food and drink, and there's a plethora of them: we have 'Food for Wales, Food from Wales: Food Strategy for Wales', the food and drink action plan, the strategic action plan for the Welsh red meat industry, the horticulture strategic action plan, the dairy sector strategy, the food tourism action plan for Wales, the Wales seafood strategy, et cetera. All well and good, of course, in their own right; they all set out important objectives and actions. But where, or at what point, do they all come together? Where is the alignment that ultimately and collectively provides a coherent national policy? The former Minister for Natural Resources and former Deputy Minister for Farming and Food asked the Public Policy Institute for Wales to provide advice on whether the Welsh Government's food strategy was sufficiently comprehensive and up to date, and the review made a number of recommendations, which I'm afraid appear to have been largely ignored. In the report, they conclude that - and I quote - 'Weaknesses and blockages in the governance of food policy in Wales since 2010, coupled now with a greater understanding on the interconnected vulnerabilities which underpin sustainable food systems, mean that there is an urgent need to develop a fresh and clear vision and strategy for the food system in Wales.' And of course, that doesn't just mean rewriting the food and drink strategy; it needs to go much wider and it needs to go much deeper than that. So, Plaid Cymru is calling for the Welsh Government to establish a cross-sector food system commission. We're adding our voice to those calling for this commission to be tasked with developing a road map towards a food system that's fit for future generations. That was, of course, as Members will be aware, I'm sure, a key demand of the significant work commissioned by the WWF on this, supported by the Food Policy Alliance Cymru and others, who want the proposed road map to specifically consider six priorities. Firstly, there's access to food, and that Wales becomes the first nation to eliminate the need for foodbanks, and that everyone in Wales has dignified access to the food they need to live a healthy life. And that leads to the second priority, of course, which is food for public health, building on the Welsh Government's strategy to promote healthy and balanced diets by ensuring its recommended vegetable consumption is actually produced sustainably in Wales, meaning of course a big increase in domestic horticulture and the growing of vegetables in Wales. Next is the need for a net-zero-carbon food system, which is self-explanatory, as is the need to adopt more agroecological principles across the whole food system, in order to halt and reverse the loss of nature, and of course to increase climate resilience. Achieving sustainable seafood is another of the priorities outlined, setting catch limits that enable fish stocks to be restored and maintained above biomass levels that deliver the maximum sustainable yield, and finally a priority around creating sustainable food sector jobs and livelihoods; everyone who earns their living within the food system should receive or be able to receive at least the living wage or a fair return for their work, and work, of course, that is also free from exploitative practices. If the pandemic has taught us anything, it's that just as we should never again take for granted our health and care workers, neither should we ever again take for granted those who produce and supply the food we eat. COVID-19 has really underscored the value of having an indigenous primary production base, particularly of course in a world where supply chains are so complex, operating on a just-in-time basis and quite easily disrupted, as they have been in recent times and even before the imminent end of the Brexit transition period. Insulating those supply chains from shocks presents a real challenge, and one way to achieve this is through shortening our supply chains, meaning increased local processing. And more local processing has a huge role to play in helping create a more sustainable food system in Wales. The reality, though, is that recent AHDB statistics suggest that Wales has the capacity to process less than half of the milk that we produce. Most of the milk produced in Wales, one of the biggest milk fields in Europe, is taken out of Wales to be processed. Millions of gallons of liquid milk are shipped out every year, and hundreds of thousands of tonnes of dairy produce shipped back in. Well, how many food miles does that represent, I wonder? And a review of the beef sector in Wales in 2014 found that 72 per cent of Welsh cattle were slaughtered outside of Wales. Of British sheep, 31 per cent are bred in Wales, but only 24 per cent are slaughtered in Wales. So, all of this represents value lost, income lost and jobs lost to the Welsh economy, let alone, of course, the huge carbon emissions cost that comes with it. This really has to change. Now, the obvious solution to this is to increase Welsh processing capacity across the board, meaning not only halting but reversing trends regarding the number of small abattoirs in Wales, which has halved over the past 25 years. I think only around 18 still exist, and for dairy processing, living as I do in north-east Wales, of course, we've seen just in the last couple of years how we've lost Arla in Llandyrnog, Tomlinsons in Wrexham - major milk processors here in north-east Wales. So, reversing the loss of this provision would be a positive move for the communities who live and work in rural areas, it would be good for animal welfare as well, of course, in that you're not moving as many animals around the country, it would be good for tackling climate change, and good for the rural economy. That, of course, is the well-being economics lens I mentioned earlier - the new world view that I thought the Well-being of Future Generations (Wales) Act 2015 was supposed to embed in Welsh public policy. Now, my colleagues will expand on other aspects that need to be addressed in this debate, such as the role of public procurement, the importance of buying local food, the role of food in the green recovery, food poverty and the health impacts of food, and I'll address the amendments tabled by the other parties in my closing remarks after listening to the contributions of others. In normal circumstances, of course, this week many of us would have attended the Royal Welsh winter fair, one of the finest prime stock shows in Europe, drawing crowds from far and wide to enjoy two days packed full of competitions, festivities, Christmas shopping and, of course, a wonderful showcase for the best that we have to offer in terms of Welsh food. But there are, of course, systemic problems within the wider food system in Wales that urgently need addressing. Too many people in Wales can't afford access to a healthy diet. The food system has negative impacts on the environment, on public health, and on our economic well-being, and all of this is hindering our ability to prosper as a nation. The Welsh Government needs to urgently bring forward a more coherent approach to food policy in Wales. I look forward to hearing contributions from all sides of the Chamber. Diolch.
Welsh: Felly, beth sydd o'i le ar ddull gweithredu Llywodraeth Cymru ar hyn o bryd? Wel, gallwn edrych ar ddetholiad o'i strategaethau a'i pholisïau ynghylch amaethyddiaeth, bwyd a diod, a cheir llu ohonynt: mae gennym 'Bwyd i Gymru, Bwyd o Gymru: Strategaeth Fwyd i Gymru', y cynllun gweithredu bwyd a diod, cynllun gweithredu strategol diwydiant cig coch Cymru, cynllun gweithredu strategol garddwriaeth, strategaeth y sector llaeth, cynllun gweithredu twristiaeth bwyd Cymru, strategaeth bwyd môr Cymru, ac yn y blaen. Maent i gyd yn iawn yn eu hawl eu hunain wrth gwrs; maent i gyd yn nodi amcanion a chamau gweithredu pwysig. Ond ble, neu ar ba bwynt, y dônt i gyd at ei gilydd? Ble mae'r aliniad sydd yn y pen draw ac ar y cyd yn darparu polisi cenedlaethol? Gofynnodd y cyn Weinidog Cyfoeth Naturiol a'r cyn Ddirprwy Weinidog Ffermio a Bwyd i Sefydliad Polisi Cyhoeddus Cymru roi cyngor ynglŷn ag a oedd strategaeth fwyd Llywodraeth Cymru yn ddigon cynhwysfawr a diweddar, a gwnaeth yr adolygiad nifer o argymhellion, ac mae'n ymddangos, yn anffodus, fod y rheini wedi'u hanwybyddu i raddau helaeth. Yn yr adroddiad, dônt i'r casgliad - ac rwy'n dyfynnu - Mae gwendidau a rhwystrau yn y modd y llywodraethwyd polisi bwyd yng Nghymru ers 2010, ynghyd â gwell dealltwriaeth bellach o'r gwendidau rhyng-gysylltiedig sy'n sail i systemau bwyd cynaliadwy, yn golygu bod angen dybryd i ddatblygu gweledigaeth a strategaeth newydd a chlir ar gyfer y system fwyd yng Nghymru. Ac wrth gwrs, mae hynny'n golygu mwy nag ailysgrifennu'r strategaeth bwyd a diod; mae angen iddo fynd yn llawer ehangach ac yn llawer dyfnach na hynny. Felly, mae Plaid Cymru yn galw ar Lywodraeth Cymru i sefydlu comisiwn system fwyd traws-sector. Rydym yn ychwanegu ein llais at y rhai sy'n galw am i'r comisiwn hwn gael y dasg o ddatblygu cynllun tuag at system fwyd sy'n addas ar gyfer cenedlaethau'r dyfodol. Fel y gŵyr yr Aelodau rwy'n siŵr, roedd hwnnw'n un o alwadau allweddol y gwaith sylweddol a gomisiynwyd gan y WWF ar hyn, gyda chefnogaeth Cynghrair Polisi Bwyd Cymru ac eraill, sydd am i'r cynllun arfaethedig ystyried chwe blaenoriaeth yn benodol. Yn gyntaf, fod bwyd yn hygyrch, a bod Cymru'n dod yn wlad gyntaf i ddileu'r angen am fanciau bwyd, a bod gan bawb yng Nghymru fynediad urddasol at y bwyd sydd ei angen arnynt i fyw bywyd iach. Ac mae hynny'n arwain at yr ail flaenoriaeth wrth gwrs, sef bwyd ar gyfer iechyd y cyhoedd, gan adeiladu ar strategaeth Llywodraeth Cymru i hyrwyddo deietau iach a chytbwys drwy sicrhau bod y llysiau a argymhellir ganddo i'w bwyta yn cael eu cynhyrchu'n gynaliadwy yng Nghymru, sy'n golygu cynnydd mawr mewn garddwriaeth ddomestig a thyfu llysiau yng Nghymru. Nesaf mae'r angen am system fwyd carbon sero-net, sy'n hunanesboniadol, fel y mae'r angen i fabwysiadu egwyddorion mwy amaethecolegol ar draws y system fwyd gyfan, er mwyn atal a gwrthdroi colledion natur, ac wrth gwrs i gynyddu gallu i wrthsefyll newid hinsawdd. Mae sicrhau bwyd môr cynaliadwy yn un arall o'r blaenoriaethau a amlinellir, a phennu terfynau ar gyfer daliadau sy'n galluogi i stociau pysgod gael eu hadfer a'u cynnal uwchben lefelau biomas sy'n darparu'r cynnyrch cynaliadwy mwyaf posibl, ac yn olaf blaenoriaeth i greu swyddi a bywoliaeth gynaliadwy yn y sector bwyd; dylai pawb sy'n ennill eu bywoliaeth o fewn y system fwyd dderbyn neu allu derbyn o leiaf y cyflog byw neu elw teg am eu gwaith, a gwaith sydd hefyd yn rhydd o arferion camfanteisiol wrth gwrs. Un wers y mae'r pandemig wedi'i dysgu i ni yw na ddylem byth eto gymryd ein gweithwyr iechyd a gofal yn ganiataol, ac ni ddylem ychwaith gymryd y rhai sy'n cynhyrchu ac yn cyflenwi'r bwyd a fwytawn yn ganiataol. Mae COVID-19 wedi tanlinellu gwerth cael sylfaen gynhyrchu sylfaenol frodorol, yn enwedig mewn byd lle mae cadwyni cyflenwi mor gymhleth wrth gwrs, yn gweithredu ar sail mewn union bryd ac eithaf hawdd tarfu arnynt, fel y gwelwyd yn ddiweddar a hyd yn oed cyn diwedd cyfnod pontio Brexit. Mae gwarchod y cadwyni cyflenwi hynny rhag ergydion yn her wirioneddol, ac un ffordd o gyflawni hyn yw drwy fyrhau ein cadwyni cyflenwi, sy'n golygu mwy o brosesu lleol. Ac mae gan fwy o brosesu lleol rôl enfawr i'w chwarae yn helpu i greu system fwyd fwy cynaliadwy yng Nghymru. Y realiti, serch hynny, yw bod ystadegau diweddar AHDB yn awgrymu nad oes gan Gymru gapasiti i brosesu hanner y llaeth a gynhyrchwn. Mae'r rhan fwyaf o'r llaeth a gynhyrchir yng Nghymru, un o'r meysydd llaeth mwyaf yn Ewrop, yn cael ei gludo allan o Gymru i'w brosesu. Caiff miliynau o alwyni o laeth hylif ei gludo allan bob blwyddyn, ac mae cannoedd o filoedd o dunelli o gynnyrch llaeth yn cael ei gludo'n ôl i mewn. Wel, faint o filltiroedd bwyd yw hynny, tybed? A chanfu adolygiad o'r sector cig eidion yng Nghymru yn 2014 fod 72 y cant o wartheg Cymru wedi'u lladd y tu allan i Gymru. Caiff 31 y cant o ddefaid Prydain eu magu yng Nghymru, ond dim ond 24 y cant sy'n cael eu lladd yng Nghymru. Felly, mae hyn i gyd yn golli gwerth, colli incwm a swyddi i economi Cymru, heb sôn am y gost enfawr ar ffurf allyriadau carbon a ddaw yn sgil hynny. Mae'n rhaid i hyn newid. Nawr, yr ateb amlwg i hyn yw cynyddu capasiti prosesu Cymru yn gyffredinol, sy'n golygu nid yn unig atal ond gwrthdroi tueddiadau o ran nifer y lladd-dai bach yng Nghymru, sydd wedi haneru dros y 25 mlynedd diwethaf. Rwy'n credu mai dim ond tua 18 sy'n dal i fodoli, ac ar gyfer prosesu llaeth, rwy'n byw yng ngogledd-ddwyrain Cymru wrth gwrs, ac rydym wedi gweld yn ystod yr ychydig flynyddoedd diwethaf sut rydym wedi colli Arla yn Llandyrnog, Tomlinsons yn Wrecsam - proseswyr llaeth mawr yma yng ngogledd-ddwyrain Cymru. Felly, byddai gwrthdroi colli'r ddarpariaeth hon yn gam cadarnhaol i'r cymunedau sy'n byw ac yn gweithio mewn ardaloedd gwledig, byddai'n dda i les anifeiliaid hefyd wrth gwrs, gan nad ydych yn symud cymaint o anifeiliaid o amgylch y wlad, byddai'n dda ar gyfer mynd i'r afael â newid hinsawdd, ac yn dda i'r economi wledig. Dyna, wrth gwrs, yw'r lens economeg llesiant a grybwyllais yn gynharach - yr olwg fyd-eang newydd y credwn fod Deddf Llesiant Cenedlaethau'r Dyfodol (Cymru) 2015 i fod i'w hymgorffori ym maes polisi cyhoeddus Cymru. Nawr, bydd fy nghyd-Aelodau'n ymhelaethu ar agweddau eraill y mae angen mynd i'r afael â hwy yn y ddadl hon, megis rôl caffael cyhoeddus, pwysigrwydd prynu bwyd lleol, rôl bwyd yn yr adferiad gwyrdd, tlodi bwyd ac effeithiau bwyd ar iechyd, a byddaf yn mynd i'r afael â gwelliannau a gyflwynwyd gan y pleidiau eraill yn fy sylwadau cloi ar ôl gwrando ar gyfraniadau pobl eraill. Mewn amgylchiadau arferol, wrth gwrs, yr wythnos hon byddai llawer ohonom wedi mynychu ffair aeaf Sioe Frenhinol Cymru, un o'r sioeau stoc gorau yn Ewrop, sy'n denu torfeydd o bell ac agos i fwynhau dau ddiwrnod yn llawn cystadlaethau, dathliadau, siopa Nadolig a chyfle gwych i arddangos y bwyd gorau sydd gennym i'w gynnig o Gymry wrth gwrs. Ond ceir problemau systemig o fewn y system fwyd ehangach yng Nghymru sy'n galw am sylw ar frys. Ceir gormod o bobl yng Nghymru na allant fforddio bwyta deiet iach. Mae'r system fwyd yn cael effaith negyddol ar yr amgylchedd, ar iechyd y cyhoedd, ac ar ein lles economaidd, ac mae hyn i gyd yn llesteirio ein gallu i ffynnu fel cenedl. Mae angen i Lywodraeth Cymru gyflwyno polisi bwyd mwy cydlynol yng Nghymru a hynny ar frys. Edrychaf ymlaen at glywed cyfraniadau o bob ochr i'r Siambr. Diolch.