techiaith/cofnodycynulliad_en-cy huggingface dataset:
English: I thank Paul Davies for that question. In the first instance, I think I should commit to having a discussion with the Minister for economy and transport, so that I can better understand the issues that have held up that particular scheme relating to Lower Town, Fishguard and the A487.
Welsh: Diolch i Paul Davies am ei gwestiwn. I gychwyn, credaf y dylwn ymrwymo i gael trafodaeth gyda Gweinidog yr economi a thrafnidiaeth, fel y gallaf gael gwell dealltwriaeth o'r materion sydd wedi rhwystro'r cynllun penodol hwnnw ar gyfer Cwm Abergwaun a'r A487 rhag mynd yn ei flaen.
English: In the second supplementary budget, the environment, energy, and rural affairs portfolio's capital budget reduced by £10.8 million as a result of the exercise to identify those capital budgets that were likely to underspend this year due to the coronavirus crisis and could, in the first instance, be repurposed.
Welsh: Yn yr ail gyllideb atodol, gostyngodd cyllideb cyfalaf y portffolio amgylchedd, ynni a materion gwledig £10.8 miliwn o ganlyniad i'r ymarfer i nodi'r cyllidebau cyfalaf a oedd yn debygol o danwario eleni oherwydd yr argyfwng coronafeirws ac y gellid, yn y lle cyntaf, eu haddasu at ddibenion gwahanol.
English: Minister, I'm sorry, but I consider it to be quite appalling and very disappointing that you have seen fit to reduce the revenue and capital allocation for environment and rural affairs by nearly £11 million. I would like to refer to an even greater situation that is causing me and the agricultural sector some alarm. As you will know, environment, energy and rural affairs has accruing resources of £97 million. This includes income from the EU to support farmers and rural communities in Wales. Your Welsh Government's historic handling of funds for farm support is a serious failure. In fact, you may recall that the budget for the rural development plan in Wales 2014-20 was £828 million. Now, whilst I acknowledge that expenditure can be made during the three years after the programme period, the funding was purely for 2014-20. Why, then, does around £160 million still remain unspent and what steps will the Welsh Government urgently take to address this budget mismanagement and failed monitoring, to ensure that all the money is made available, and now, to all our desperate farmers? Thank you.
Welsh: Weinidog, mae'n ddrwg gennyf, ond credaf ei bod yn echrydus ac yn siomedig iawn eich bod wedi cytuno i ostyngiad o bron i £11 miliwn yn y dyraniad refeniw a chyfalaf ar gyfer yr amgylchedd a materion gwledig. Hoffwn gyfeirio at sefyllfa hyd yn oed yn waeth sy'n peri cryn bryder i mi a'r sector amaethyddol. Fel y gwyddoch, mae gan yr amgylchedd, ynni a materion gwledig adnoddau cronnus o £97 miliwn. Mae hyn yn cynnwys incwm o'r UE i gefnogi ffermwyr a chymunedau gwledig yng Nghymru. Mae ymdriniaeth hanesyddol Llywodraeth Cymru o arian ar gyfer cymorth i ffermwyr yn fethiant difrifol. Mewn gwirionedd, efallai eich bod yn cofio mai £828 miliwn oedd y gyllideb ar gyfer y cynllun datblygu gwledig yng Nghymru ar gyfer 2014-20. Nawr, er fy mod yn cydnabod y gellir gwario yn ystod y tair blynedd ar ôl cyfnod y rhaglen, roedd y cyllid hwnnw ar gyfer 2014-20 yn unig. Pam, felly, fod oddeutu £160 miliwn heb ei wario o hyd, a pha gamau y bydd Llywodraeth Cymru yn eu cymryd ar frys i fynd i'r afael â'r camreoli cyllidebol hwn a'r methiant i fonitro, er mwyn sicrhau bod yr holl arian ar gael, ac ar gael yn awr, i'n holl ffermwyr sydd cymaint o angen cefnogaeth? Diolch.
English: Thank you to the finance Minister.
Welsh: Diolch i'r Gweinidog cyllid.
English: The next item is questions to the Minister for Education, and the first question is from Andrew R.T. Davies.
Welsh: Yr eitem nesaf yw cwestiynau i'r Gweinidog Addysg, ac mae'r cwestiwn cyntaf gan Andrew R.T. Davies.
English: Thank you, Andrew. The Welsh Government is reviewing the regulations and guidance in relation to travel around the Christmas period and beyond as we continue to monitor transmission rates within Wales. It is too early to confirm any arrangements that will apply in respect of universities in the new year.
Welsh: Diolch, Andrew. Mae Llywodraeth Cymru'n adolygu'r rheoliadau a'r canllawiau mewn perthynas â theithio yn ystod cyfnod y Nadolig a thu hwnt wrth inni barhau i fonitro cyfraddau trosglwyddiad yng Nghymru. Mae'n rhy gynnar i gadarnhau unrhyw drefniadau a fydd ar waith mewn perthynas â phrifysgolion yn y flwyddyn newydd.
English: Thank you, Minister, for that reply. I appreciate universities are independent institutions, but, obviously, there was a big movement of students at the start of the academic year in September, and this will be the second opportunity for such a movement of students to be replicated, not just in Wales, but from across the United Kingdom and, indeed, international students. I heard what you said - you believe it's too early to come out with anything concrete at the moment - but can you identify any emerging themes that might need to be put in place to welcome students back in January, in particular around pastoral care? Obviously, we know that the January return does tend to have pressure points of students returning back in normal circumstances, but with the exceptionality that students face at the moment, the pastoral care of students is going to be of critical importance, and the work that Government can do to support universities, via public health et cetera, will be of critical importance, I would suggest.
Welsh: Diolch am eich ateb, Weinidog. Rwy'n derbyn bod prifysgolion yn sefydliadau annibynnol, ond yn amlwg, bu cryn dipyn o symud ymhlith fyfyrwyr ar ddechrau'r flwyddyn academaidd ym mis Medi, a hwn fydd yr ail gyfle i ailadrodd symud myfyrwyr yn y fath fodd, nid yn unig yng Nghymru, ond ym mhob rhan o'r Deyrnas Unedig, ac yn wir, myfyrwyr rhyngwladol. Clywais yr hyn a ddywedoch - rydych o'r farn ei bod yn rhy gynnar i gyhoeddi unrhyw beth pendant ar hyn o bryd - ond a allwch nodi unrhyw themâu sy'n dod i'r amlwg y gallai fod angen eu rhoi ar waith i groesawu myfyrwyr yn ôl ym mis Ionawr, yn enwedig o ran gofal bugeiliol? Yn amlwg, gwyddom fod mis Ionawr yn tueddu i arwain at bwysau wrth i fyfyrwyr ddychwelyd o dan amgylchiadau arferol, ond gyda'r sefyllfa eithriadol y mae myfyrwyr yn ei hwynebu ar hyn o bryd, bydd gofal bugeiliol i fyfyrwyr yn hollbwysig, a bydd y gwaith y gall y Llywodraeth ei wneud i gefnogi prifysgolion, drwy iechyd y cyhoedd ac ati, yn hanfodol bwysig yn fy marn i.
English: Thank you, Andrew. You asked about emerging themes; clearly, I'm determined to minimise disruption to students' education, but, obviously, we need to monitor that as part of the overall Government public health response to the pandemic. We're working very closely with our universities and our student union bodies, and many of the elements that will allow students to return home for Christmas are important elements of our planning for a return in the new year, such as staggered leaving dates for students leaving campus. Obviously, a staggered return is something that we're looking at, and the crucial role of lateral flow testing. All universities in Wales are talking part in the pilot for lateral flow testing. Clearly, we want to learn the lessons from that pilot. That testing will continue to operate into the new year, and will, therefore, aid with any plans to return students safely to campus.
Welsh: Diolch, Andrew. Fe ofynnoch chi am themâu sy'n dod i'r amlwg; rwy'n benderfynol o sicrhau cyn lleied â phosibl o darfu ar addysg myfyrwyr wrth gwrs, ond yn amlwg, mae angen inni fonitro hynny fel rhan o ymateb cyffredinol y Llywodraeth i'r pandemig yng nghyswllt iechyd y cyhoedd. Rydym yn gweithio'n agos iawn gyda'n prifysgolion ac undebau myfyrwyr, ac mae llawer o'r elfennau a fydd yn caniatáu i fyfyrwyr ddychwelyd adref ar gyfer y Nadolig yn elfennau pwysig yn ein cynlluniau ar gyfer dychwelyd yn y flwyddyn newydd, fel trefnu dyddiadau gwahanol i fyfyrwyr adael y campws. Yn amlwg, mae trefnu dyddiadau gwahanol ar gyfer dychwelyd yn rhywbeth rydym yn ei ystyried, yn ogystal â rôl hanfodol profion llif unffordd. Mae pob prifysgol yng Nghymru yn cymryd rhan yn y cynllun peilot ar gyfer profion llif unffordd. Yn amlwg, rydym am ddysgu'r gwersi o'r cynllun peilot hwnnw. Bydd y profion hynny'n parhau i gael eu cynnal yn y flwyddyn newydd, ac felly byddant yn cynorthwyo gydag unrhyw gynlluniau i sicrhau bod myfyrwyr yn dychwelyd yn ddiogel i'r campws.
English: Minister, can I commend the work that's been done in the University of South Wales, not only in terms of the innovation of the development of testing equipment that may well have commercial viability in the early new year and make a difference, but also the way in which the university has developed pastoral support for the students, certainly in the town of Pontypridd, and in Treforest, where the university is based? Following on from the last question, obviously, there have been major challenges in terms of the testing of students as they return home, and one of the concerns and one of the issues is, as students do return, and with lots of part-time students and lots of foreign students, the ability to test and to maintain control to contain the COVID pandemic, which will still be with us, is still there. What sort of measures will be in place, what conversations are taking place with, for example, the University of South Wales and other universities, and are there any funding implications that would actually assist universities to enable this to happen for the benefit of all?
Welsh: Weinidog, a gaf fi ganmol y gwaith a wnaed ym Mhrifysgol De Cymru, nid yn unig ar arloesi gyda datblygiad offer profi a allai fod yn fasnachol hyfyw yn gynnar yn y flwyddyn newydd ac a allai wneud gwahaniaeth, ond hefyd y ffordd y mae'r brifysgol wedi datblygu cefnogaeth fugeiliol i'r myfyrwyr, yn sicr yn nhref Pontypridd, ac yn Nhrefforest, lle mae'r brifysgol wedi'i lleoli? Yn dilyn y cwestiwn diwethaf, yn amlwg, wynebwyd heriau mawr o ran cynnal profion ar fyfyrwyr wrth iddynt ddychwelyd adref, ac un o'r pryderon ac un o'r materion sy'n codi wrth i fyfyrwyr ddychwelyd, a chyda llawer o fyfyrwyr rhan-amser a myfyrwyr tramor, yw a fydd y gallu i brofi a chadw rheolaeth ar y pandemig COVID yn dal i fod yno. Pa fath o fesurau fydd ar waith, pa sgyrsiau sy'n mynd rhagddynt gyda Phrifysgol De Cymru er enghraifft, a phrifysgolion eraill, ac a oes unrhyw oblygiadau cyllidol a fyddai'n cynorthwyo prifysgolion i alluogi hyn i ddigwydd er lles pawb?
English: Thank you, Mick. I would like, indeed, to put on record my thanks to universities - the University of South Wales and, indeed, all our institutions of higher education - that have worked incredibly hard over the start of this academic year to maintain quality educational experiences, to look after the welfare of their students, and to play their part in managing public health risk in the middle of a global pandemic. And I'd like to thank the students themselves, who are doing their bit to follow the rules, keeping themselves and their friends safe. We are seeing the virus incidence rates decline in most of our universities, which is very welcome and we hope that that trend will continue. We're working very closely with our vice-chancellors; indeed, I met with them all at the beginning of this week to reflect on the experiences to date and to make sure that measures are in place to see a successful end to this term and to begin to plan for a safe return in January. And clearly, we're also working with colleagues in other parts of United Kingdom, given the fact that many of our students travel in and out of Wales to England, to Scotland and to Northern Ireland. Where at all possible, we are seeking to have a common approach to managing that process.
Welsh: Diolch, Mick. Yn wir, hoffwn gofnodi fy niolch i'r prifysgolion - Prifysgol De Cymru, ac yn wir, ein holl sefydliadau addysg uwch - sydd wedi gweithio'n anhygoel o galed dros ddechrau'r flwyddyn academaidd hon i gynnal profiadau addysgol o safon, i ofalu am les eu myfyrwyr, ac i chwarae eu rhan yn rheoli'r perygl i iechyd y cyhoedd ynghanol pandemig byd-eang. A hoffwn ddiolch i'r myfyrwyr eu hunain, sy'n chwarae eu rhan drwy ddilyn y rheolau, gan gadw eu hunain a'u ffrindiau'n ddiogel. Rydym yn gweld cyfraddau'r achosion o'r feirws yn gostwng yn y rhan fwyaf o'n prifysgolion, ac mae hynny i'w groesawu'n fawr, a gobeithiwn y bydd y duedd honno'n parhau. Rydym yn gweithio'n agos iawn gyda'n his-gangellorion; yn wir, cyfarfûm â phob un ohonynt ddechrau'r wythnos hon i ystyried y profiadau hyd yn hyn ac i wneud yn siŵr fod mesurau ar waith i sicrhau diwedd llwyddiannus i'r tymor hwn ac i ddechrau cynllunio ar gyfer dychwelyd yn ddiogel ym mis Ionawr. Ac yn amlwg, rydym hefyd yn gweithio gyda'n cymheiriaid mewn rhannau eraill o'r Deyrnas Unedig, o gofio bod llawer o'n myfyrwyr yn teithio i mewn ac allan o Gymru i Loegr, i'r Alban ac i Ogledd Iwerddon. Lle bo modd, rydym yn ceisio sicrhau bod gennym ddull cyffredin o reoli'r broses honno.
English: The Welsh Government continues to work with stakeholders to ensure that support is available for supply teachers. This includes financial support, employment opportunities through the Recruit, Recover, Raise Standards programme, and funding a service to promote mental health and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Welsh: Mae Llywodraeth Cymru yn parhau i weithio gyda rhanddeiliaid i sicrhau bod cefnogaeth ar gael i athrawon cyflenwi. Mae hyn yn cynnwys cymorth ariannol, cyfleoedd cyflogaeth drwy raglen Recriwtio, Adfer a Chodi Safonau, ac ariannu gwasanaeth i hyrwyddo iechyd meddwl a lles yn ystod pandemig COVID-19.
English: I'm grateful to you, Minister, for that. I'm aware that the Welsh Government has worked hard to ensure that there is a framework of support available for supply teachers throughout the whole country and throughout the year. But the Minister will also be aware that supply teachers have had a very difficult period throughout the last year with the pandemic and the impact it's had on their ability to gain work. But this reinforces a more fundamental problem with the system of supply teachers. We know that the fragmented system of private agencies means that there is no system for supply teachers to gain adequate work through the year. It may be that the most straightforward way of ensuring that we are able to support and sustain a workforce of supply teachers is to ensure that all local authorities have a local register of supply teachers to ensure that teachers are able to find work and that schools are able to find teachers, and to do so in a more coherent and structured way.
Welsh: Rwy'n ddiolchgar i chi am hynny, Weinidog. Rwy'n ymwybodol fod Llywodraeth Cymru wedi gweithio'n galed i sicrhau bod fframwaith o gymorth ar gael i athrawon cyflenwi ledled y wlad a thrwy gydol y flwyddyn. Ond bydd y Gweinidog hefyd yn ymwybodol fod athrawon cyflenwi wedi cael cyfnod anodd iawn drwy gydol y flwyddyn ddiwethaf gyda'r pandemig a'r effaith y mae wedi'i chael ar eu gallu i gael gwaith. Ond mae hyn yn atgyfnerthu problem fwy sylfaenol gyda'r system athrawon cyflenwi. Gwyddom fod system dameidiog o asiantaethau preifat yn golygu nad oes system i athrawon cyflenwi gael gwaith digonol drwy gydol y flwyddyn. Efallai mai'r ffordd symlaf o sicrhau ein bod yn gallu cefnogi a chynnal gweithlu o athrawon cyflenwi yw sicrhau bod gan bob awdurdod lleol gofrestr leol o athrawon cyflenwi i sicrhau bod athrawon yn gallu dod o hyd i waith a bod ysgolion yn gallu dod o hyd i athrawon, a gwneud hynny mewn ffordd fwy cydlynol a strwythuredig.
English: Thank you, Alun. Can I say that supply teachers form a very important part of the education workforce in Wales? But under local management of schools, governing bodies have the flexibility to appoint and deploy supply teachers as they see fit. There is nothing, nothing at all, to prevent local authorities and schools, as the employers of teachers, working together with other key stakeholders - including perhaps regional consortia - to support a co-operative or collaborative model. The decision to operate any local authority list would rest with individual local authorities as the employers of school staff, and as I said, there is nothing to stop them from doing that now. We continue to have discussions with all of our local education authorities to ensure that they - or their individual schools, if they are using agencies - ensure that they do not undercut the framework arrangements we have in place with those agencies to pay the proper wages. I'm grateful for an undertaking by all the directors of education, via the Association of Directors of Education in Wales, that they will be taking action to ensure that schools are made aware of this responsibility and should not be looking to undercut the framework that we have put in place.
Welsh: Diolch, Alun. A gaf fi ddweud bod athrawon cyflenwi yn rhan bwysig iawn o'r gweithlu addysg yng Nghymru? Ond o dan reolaeth leol ar ysgolion, mae gan gyrff llywodraethu hyblygrwydd i benodi a defnyddio athrawon cyflenwi fel y gwelant orau. Nid oes unrhyw beth o gwbl i atal awdurdodau lleol ac ysgolion, fel cyflogwyr athrawon, rhag gweithio gyda rhanddeiliaid allweddol eraill - gan gynnwys consortia rhanbarthol, o bosibl - i gefnogi model cydweithredol. Penderfyniad i'r awdurdodau lleol unigol fel cyflogwyr staff ysgolion fyddai gweithredu unrhyw restr awdurdod lleol, ac fel y dywedais, nid oes unrhyw beth i'w hatal rhag gwneud hynny nawr. Rydym yn parhau i gael trafodaethau gyda'n holl awdurdodau addysg lleol - neu eu hysgolion unigol, os ydynt yn defnyddio asiantaethau - i sicrhau nad ydynt yn tanseilio'r trefniadau fframwaith sydd gennym ar waith gyda'r asiantaethau hynny i dalu'r cyflogau cywir. Rwy'n ddiolchgar am ymrwymiad gan yr holl gyfarwyddwyr addysg, drwy Gymdeithas Cyfarwyddwyr Addysg Cymru, y byddant yn cymryd camau i sicrhau bod ysgolion yn ymwybodol o'r cyfrifoldeb hwn ac na ddylent geisio tanseilio'r fframwaith rydym wedi'i roi ar waith.
English: Minister, I heard your opening comment about the financial support that you're affording to supply teachers. Could you just give us a little bit more detail about it? Because I've had a couple come to me raising concerns about the fact that if they've been to one school - they may have done a short-term project for a couple of weeks - they've yet to go to the new school, and then they've had to self-isolate, not because they had COVID, but because they've been in contact with somebody who is suspected of having COVID, so they had to go through the self-isolation process - they were really struggling to get any form of financial support, and were worried about what was going to happen to their income. So, if you could either outline that to us now or point me in the direction - because I have looked, and I can't find how we support the people who fall between the gaps there. Then I'd like to go and have a look at it and be able to give it to these constituents of mine.
Welsh: Weinidog, clywais eich sylw agoriadol am y cymorth ariannol rydych yn ei roi i athrawon cyflenwi. A allech roi ychydig mwy o fanylion i ni yn ei gylch? Oherwydd mae un neu ddau wedi mynegi pryderon wrthyf ynglŷn â'r ffaith, os ydynt wedi bod mewn un ysgol - efallai eu bod wedi gwneud prosiect tymor byr am wythnos neu ddwy - nid ydynt wedi dechrau yn yr ysgol newydd eto, a'u bod wedi gorfod hunanynysu, nid oherwydd eu bod wedi cael COVID, ond oherwydd eu bod wedi bod mewn cysylltiad â rhywun yr amheuir eu bod wedi cael COVID, felly bu'n rhaid iddynt fynd drwy'r broses o hunanynysu - roeddent yn ei chael hi'n anodd iawn cael unrhyw fath o gymorth ariannol, ac roeddent yn poeni am yr hyn a fyddai'n digwydd i'w hincwm. Felly, pe gallech naill ai amlinellu hynny i ni nawr neu fy nghyfeirio at y lle iawn - oherwydd rwyf wedi edrych, ac ni allaf ddeall sut rydym yn cefnogi'r bobl sy'n cwympo drwy'r rhwyd yn y ffordd honno. Hoffwn gael golwg ar hynny a rhoi'r ateb i fy etholwyr.
English: Absolutely. The Welsh Government and the National Procurement Service worked with agencies at the beginning of this pandemic to ensure that they were all able to furlough their staff under the job retention scheme. All agencies on the framework confirmed that they were able to access the scheme for eligible staff, and we understand that they did so until the end of the summer. We continue to work alongside our agencies to understand difficulties that supply teachers may be experiencing at the moment, and I will write to the Member with additional details of support that may be available in the current situation. FootnoteLink I should say that we are encouraging those who are willing to work supply to take up opportunities. Some of the enforced closures that we've seen in some of our schools have been because of an inability to find agency staff to keep schools going. I understand that people may be reluctant to take up a position in an area where they feel that COVID transmission rates are high, but we really do need supply staff to work with us and to understand the reasons they may not feel able, at this point, to take up assignments if they are available.
Welsh: Yn sicr. Gweithiodd Llywodraeth Cymru a'r Gwasanaeth Caffael Cenedlaethol gydag asiantaethau ar ddechrau'r pandemig hwn i sicrhau y gallai pob un ohonynt roi eu staff ar ffyrlo o dan y cynllun cadw swyddi. Cadarnhaodd pob asiantaeth ar y fframwaith eu bod yn gallu cael mynediad at y cynllun ar gyfer staff cymwys, ac rydym yn deall eu bod wedi gwneud hynny tan ddiwedd yr haf. Rydym yn parhau i weithio ochr yn ochr â'n hasiantaethau i ddeall yr anawsterau y gallai athrawon cyflenwi fod yn eu hwynebu ar hyn o bryd, a byddaf yn ysgrifennu at yr Aelod gyda manylion ychwanegol am gymorth a allai fod ar gael yn y sefyllfa bresennol. FootnoteLink Dylwn ddweud ein bod yn annog y rheini sy'n barod i weithio fel athrawon cyflenwi i achub ar gyfleoedd. Mae rhai o'r ysgolion sydd wedi cael eu gorfodi i gau wedi gorfod gwneud hynny oherwydd anallu i ddod o hyd i staff asiantaeth i gadw'r ysgolion ar agor. Rwy'n deall y gallai pobl fod yn amharod i gael gwaith mewn ardal lle maent yn teimlo bod cyfraddau trosglwyddiad COVID yn uchel, ond mae gwir angen staff cyflenwi arnom i weithio gyda ni ac i ddeall y rhesymau pam nad ydynt, o bosibl, yn teimlo y gallant, ar y pwynt hwn, ymgymryd ag aseiniadau os ydynt ar gael.
English: Diolch, Llywydd. Afternoon, Minister. We heard yesterday evening that Qualifications Wales have scrapped January's unit exams in ICT, English literature and Welsh literature, although other exams - not just resits - will still go ahead. I wonder if you can say why the learning of those students sitting level 2 and 3 units in health and social care is deemed less affected by school and college closures than those sitting literature and ICT.
Welsh: Diolch, Lywydd. Prynhawn da, Weinidog. Clywsom neithiwr fod Cymwysterau Cymru wedi cael gwared ar arholiadau uned mis Ionawr mewn TGCh, llenyddiaeth Saesneg a llenyddiaeth Gymraeg, er y bydd arholiadau eraill - nid arholiadau sy'n cael eu hailsefyll yn unig - yn dal i gael eu cynnal. Tybed a allwch ddweud pam yr ystyrir bod cau ysgolion a cholegau yn cael llai o effaith ar ddysgu'r myfyrwyr sy'n sefyll arholiadau uned lefel 2 a 3 mewn iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol na'r rheini sy'n sefyll arholiadau llenyddiaeth a TGCh.
English: Qualifications Wales has made a distinction between what are legacy qualifications - it's the last time that those papers were ever going to be sat; they will not be offered any longer - and those papers that will have a different opportunity to be assessed in a different way.
Welsh: Mae Cymwysterau Cymru wedi gwahaniaethu rhwng cymwysterau etifeddol - dyma'r tro olaf i'r papurau hynny gael eu sefyll; ni fyddant yn cael eu cynnig mwyach - a'r papurau hynny y bydd cyfle gwahanol iddynt gael eu hasesu mewn ffordd wahanol.