English: Diolch, Llywydd. I'd like to thank Members and, of course, the Deputy Minister for their contributions today. I have to say that I worry that we might miss an opportunity here. I note the Government's amendment removes the call for a pilot here in Wales, and I appreciate what the Deputy Minister has just said in terms of backing an evidence-based approach. Well, I would say one way of collecting evidence is to do our own pilot. Let's have the ambition to do it ourselves. That is a missed opportunity, I think. We have nothing to lose in pursing a four-day work week, and I would hope that Members would agree that, at the very least, we should trial it here in Wales. We've heard from several Members here today about the benefits to society that a four-day work week could bring. For example, it will improve workers' mental health and well-being, as Carolyn Thomas highlighted; it will promote gender equality, as Sioned Williams highlighted; and it will come with environmental benefits, as Mabon ap Gwynfor highlighted, through the associated reduction in commuting times. Is it a silver bullet? Well, Sioned and Jack have already answered this question for us: no, it's not a silver bullet. And, as Jack actually touched on, this is part of a progressive package of policies such as universal basic income, for example. But I would also note the Conservative amendment. I hope I have got the wrong end of the stick here, but to me, it seems that, by deleting references to international trials, the Conservatives are burying their heads in the sand here. Those international examples show us how a four-day work week trial can work - there's tangible evidence there for us to look at. To ensure, for example, that wages do not fall as working hours are reduced, Governments will need to legislate so that productivity gains from advances in fields like automation are distributed amongst the workforce rather than benefiting solely the profit margins of big businesses. And those international trials have shown us how this can work. In terms of reserved powers, which Joel James and Gareth Davies both touched on here, over employment, that isn't the whole picture. The Deputy Minister, Jane Dodds and Hefin David touched on this. The hours of many public sector employees fall under the devolved powers of Wales, and in many regions, the public sector accounts for over 25 per cent of employment. So, Wales could use the public sector as a 'pioneer' and start by trialling a four-day work week there. There is also an opportunity to use Wales's fair work Act and incentivise shorter working weeks by building it into procurement strategy, which is all above board according to section 60 of the Wales Act 2006, or so I'm told by someone who knows a lot more about this than I. The size of the sector, of course, means that it can influence working hours in other sectors too. And of course, third sector organisations can also lead by example. COVID-19 has caused a pivot in working practices, with evidence suggesting that compressing the working week with a small reduction in work hours is having multiple benefits. Plaid Cymru's 2021 Senedd election manifesto stated: 'Explore opportunities for promoting a shorter working week and a better work-life balance.' A four-day work week is one of those opportunities, and I look forward to this debate going beyond this Chamber. A number of Members have already mentioned Jack Sargeant's event, scheduled tomorrow. For those who aren't convinced, I would implore you to go to that event, hear out the debates. And, of course, I would reference, as well, something that the TUC General Secretary, Frances O'Grady has said on a four-day work week, and I quote: 'In the nineteenth century, unions campaigned for an eight-hour day. In the twentieth century, we won the right to a two-day weekend and paid holidays. So, for the twenty-first century, let's lift our ambition again.' She believes that, in this century, we can win a four-day working week, with decent pay for everyone. And I wholeheartedly agree with that sentiment. For those who aren't convinced yet, no doubt there were those who were not convinced by the benefits of having a weekend, as I mentioned earlier. So, keep an open mind. Come join us.
Welsh: Diolch, Lywydd. Hoffwn ddiolch i'r Aelodau, ac wrth gwrs, i'r Dirprwy Weinidog am eu cyfraniadau heddiw. Rhaid imi ddweud fy mod yn poeni y gallem golli cyfle yma. Nodaf fod gwelliant y Llywodraeth yn cael gwared ar yr alwad am gynllun peilot yma yng Nghymru, ac rwy'n deall yr hyn y mae'r Dirprwy Weinidog newydd ei ddweud ynglŷn â chefnogi dull sy'n seiliedig ar dystiolaeth. Wel, byddwn yn dweud mai un ffordd o gasglu tystiolaeth yw gwneud ein cynllun peilot ein hunain. Gadewch inni gael yr uchelgais i'w wneud ein hunain. Mae hwnnw'n gyfle a gollwyd yn fy marn i. Nid oes gennym unrhyw beth i'w golli wrth fynd ar drywydd wythnos waith pedwar diwrnod, a byddwn yn gobeithio y byddai'r Aelodau'n cytuno, fan lleiaf, y dylem ei dreialu yma yng Nghymru. Rydym wedi clywed gan sawl Aelod yma heddiw am y manteision i gymdeithas y gallai wythnos waith pedwar diwrnod eu cynnig. Er enghraifft, bydd yn gwella iechyd meddwl a lles gweithwyr, fel y nododd Carolyn Thomas; bydd yn hyrwyddo cydraddoldeb rhywiol, fel y nododd Sioned Williams; a daw â manteision amgylcheddol yn ei sgil, fel y nododd Mabon ap Gwynfor, drwy'r gostyngiad cysylltiedig mewn amseroedd cymudo. A yw'n ateb i bob dim? Wel, mae Sioned a Jack eisoes wedi ateb y cwestiwn hwnnw: na, nid yw'n ateb i bob dim. Ac fel y soniodd Jack mewn gwirionedd, rhan o becyn cynyddol o bolisïau ydyw, megis incwm sylfaenol cyffredinol, er enghraifft. Ond hoffwn nodi gwelliant y Ceidwadwyr hefyd. Gobeithio fy mod wedi cael pethau o chwith yma, ond i mi, mae'n ymddangos bod y Ceidwadwyr, drwy ddileu cyfeiriadau at dreialon rhyngwladol, yn claddu eu pennau yn y tywod. Mae'r enghreifftiau rhyngwladol hynny'n dangos inni sut y gall treial wythnos waith pedwar diwrnod weithio - mae tystiolaeth bendant yno inni edrych arni. Er mwyn sicrhau, er enghraifft, nad yw cyflogau'n gostwng wrth i oriau gwaith gael eu lleihau, bydd angen i Lywodraethau ddeddfu fel bod enillion cynhyrchiant o ddatblygiadau mewn meysydd fel awtomeiddio yn cael eu dosbarthu ymhlith y gweithlu yn hytrach na chwyddo elw busnesau mawr yn unig. Ac mae'r treialon rhyngwladol hynny wedi dangos inni sut y gall hyn weithio. Ar fater pwerau a gadwyd yn ôl ym maes cyflogaeth, y cyfeiriodd Joel James a Gareth Davies ato, nid dyna'r darlun cyfan. Cyfeiriodd y Dirprwy Weinidog, Jane Dodds a Hefin David at hyn. Mae oriau llawer o weithwyr yn y sector cyhoeddus yn dod o dan bwerau datganoledig Cymru, ac mewn llawer o ranbarthau, mae 25 y cant o gyflogaeth yn y sector cyhoeddus. Felly, gallai Cymru ddefnyddio'r sector cyhoeddus fel 'sector arloesi' a dechrau drwy dreialu wythnos waith pedwar diwrnod yno. Mae cyfle hefyd i ddefnyddio Deddf gwaith teg Cymru a chymell wythnosau gwaith byrrach drwy ei gynnwys yn y strategaeth gaffael, sy'n hollol iawn i'w wneud yn ôl adran 60 o Ddeddf Cymru 2006, neu felly mae rhywun sy'n gwybod llawer mwy na fi am hyn yn ei ddweud wrthyf. Mae maint y sector, wrth gwrs, yn golygu y gall ddylanwadu ar oriau gwaith mewn sectorau eraill hefyd. Ac wrth gwrs, gall sefydliadau'r trydydd sector hefyd arwain drwy esiampl. Mae COVID-19 wedi achosi newid i arferion gwaith, gyda thystiolaeth yn awgrymu bod cywasgu'r wythnos waith gyda gostyngiad bach mewn oriau gwaith yn fanteisiol mewn sawl ffordd. Roedd maniffesto Plaid Cymru ar gyfer etholiad y Senedd yn 2021 yn datgan: 'archwilio cyfleoedd i hyrwyddo wythnos weithio fyrrach a chydbwysedd gwell rhwng bywyd a gwaith.' Mae wythnos waith pedwar diwrnod yn un o'r cyfleoedd hynny, ac edrychaf ymlaen at weld y ddadl hon yn mynd y tu hwnt i'r Siambr. Mae nifer o Aelodau eisoes wedi sôn am ddigwyddiad Jack Sargeant a drefnwyd ar gyfer yfory. I'r rhai nad ydynt wedi'u hargyhoeddi, byddwn yn erfyn arnoch i fynd i'r digwyddiad hwnnw i wrando ar y dadleuon. Ac wrth gwrs, rwyf am gyfeirio, hefyd, at rywbeth y mae Ysgrifennydd Cyffredinol y TUC, Frances O'Grady, wedi'i ddweud am yr wythnos waith pedwar diwrnod, ac rwy'n dyfynnu: 'Yn y bedwaredd ganrif ar bymtheg, ymgyrchodd undebau am ddiwrnod wyth awr. Yn yr ugeinfed ganrif, enillasom yr hawl i benwythnos deuddydd o hyd a gwyliau â thâl. Felly, ar gyfer yr unfed ganrif ar hugain, gadewch i ni godi ein huchelgais eto.' Mae'n credu, yn y ganrif hon, y gallwn ennill wythnos waith pedwar diwrnod, gyda thâl gweddus i bawb. Ac rwy'n cytuno'n llwyr â'r awydd hwnnw. I'r rhai nad ydynt wedi'u hargyhoeddi eto, mae'n siŵr bod yna rai nad oeddent wedi'u hargyhoeddi gan fanteision cael penwythnos, fel y soniais yn gynharach. Felly, cadwch feddwl agored. Ymunwch â ni.