English: The 1,800 tutors that the Member mentioned: 1,000 of them are already recruited by local authorities as a result of the funding that we provided earlier last year, when we provided further funding. Local authority colleagues have begun immediately to add to that recruitment, and, with the £19 million that my colleague Jeremy Miles announced just a couple of weeks ago, they will have the confidence of knowing that those staff will be paid for by the Welsh Government to do the job that we have asked them to do. The reform of the school day and the school term is a fundamental change, in my view, not a matter just of responding to the pandemic. It's very much an issue on which I will hope to work with others in this Chamber, including the Member's own party, if there are ideas and possibilities that he'd like to contribute to that. He'll know that the pattern of the school year in Wales is still the pattern that was established at the end of the nineteenth century, and reflects an agricultural economy. Even when I was growing up in Carmarthen, the autumn half term, Llywydd, was known as potato week, and that's because I and others were sent out to collect potatoes on the farm during it. We need an approach to the school year and the school day that reflects the needs of a modern economy and contemporary Wales. We'll do that in partnership; there are a lot of people we will need to take with us on that journey, and, where there are Members in this Chamber and political parties who wish to make a contribution to it, then I'm very, very open to exploring that together to get a form of education that best suits today's needs. The way to close the wage gap in Wales, Llywydd, is by improving productivity, and the Resolution Foundation, in a report that it published towards the end of the last term, said that Wales was the only part of the United Kingdom where there had been significant productivity gains in recent years. Now, we need to work from the help that that gives us. We need to work with our colleagues in private businesses, so that they put the investment in place that will allow those businesses to become more productive, because productivity is the key to a better-paid economy and it's central to our thinking about it. I'm a First Minister, not a soothsayer, Llywydd, and I'm not going to make guesses of what figures will look like five years from now. On house building, the 20,000 social rented homes are the total number of rented homes at that social rented level that we expect to be created in this Senedd term, but it's certainly not the whole number of homes we expect to see built in Wales, which will be well more than that. And on empty homes, we will of course continue the successful work that began in the Valleys taskforce, with a significant amount of investment and hundreds of homes brought back into beneficial use as a result. I think we've learnt a formula there, and our ambition will be to extend that formula to other parts of our country. The reform of council tax came up in questions earlier, Llywydd; it will not be easy to bring about, because any such reform, as I said, creates losers as well as winners, but the current form of council tax is too regressive, it's too unfair; it puts an unfair burden on the least well-off in our society to pay for the services from which we all benefit, and, using the work of the Institute for Fiscal Studies that was published towards the end of the last Senedd term, we will move forward with reform. There'll be no changes to the voting system in local government next year, but the Act that this Senedd put on the statute book now allows local authorities to choose the electoral system that they think most reflects the needs and wishes of their own populations. And of course, there are parties in this Chamber who support different methods of election, and, where they're in charge, they'll now be able to make different choices if they wish to do so. Forty-five thousand homes protected from flooding is the largest number that will ever have been protected during any Senedd term. So, it is not a small ambition, and I won't delay the discussion this afternoon, Llywydd, only to say that the rationale by which those homes have been identified, and the projects that are proposed, come through all local authorities and NRW colleagues, and are then endorsed and funded by the Welsh Government. Finally, to the standing commission, its work will be available to all political parties and to all the different efforts that are made to fashion a future for the United Kingdom that allows the United Kingdom to go on succeeding. And whether that is the work of the select committees in the House of Lords and the House of Commons, who are currently involved in this work; whether it is work carried out in conversations with the UK Government, where we are still hopeful that we will conclude the inter-governmental review before many more weeks go by; or whether it is the work that Gordon Brown will be overseeing for the Labour Party, it is absolutely right that there is a commission here in Wales that brings together opinion from across Wales, within political parties and beyond, that fosters a proper debate here in Wales about our constitutional future, and makes sure that when other and wider debates are taking place, there is an authoritative source of advice that can be drawn on to make sure that the voice of Welsh people is properly heard in whatever forum that discussion may be being carried out.
Welsh: Soniodd yr Aelod am 1,800 o diwtoriaid: mae 1,000 ohonyn nhw wedi cael eu recriwtio eisoes gan awdurdodau lleol o ganlyniad i'r cyllid a ddarparwyd gennym ni'n gynharach y llynedd, pan wnaethom ddarparu cyllid pellach. Mae cydweithwyr mewn awdurdodau lleol wedi dechrau ychwanegu at y recriwtio hwnnw ar unwaith, a chyda'r £19 miliwn a gyhoeddodd fy nghyd-Aelod Jeremy Miles ychydig wythnosau yn ôl, fe fydd yr hyder ganddyn nhw o wybod y bydd Llywodraeth Cymru yn talu am y staff hynny i wneud y gwaith yr ydym ni wedi gofyn iddyn nhw ei wneud. Mae diwygio'r diwrnod ysgol a thymor yr ysgol yn newid sylfaenol, yn fy marn i, ac nid mater o ymateb i'r pandemig yn unig mohono. Mae hwn yn fater yr wyf i'n gobeithio gweithio arno gydag eraill yn y Siambr hon, gan gynnwys plaid yr Aelod ei hunan, pe byddai syniadau a phosibiliadau yr hoffai eu cyfrannu at hynny. Mae e'n gwybod mai patrwm y flwyddyn ysgol o hyd yng Nghymru yw'r patrwm a sefydlwyd ar ddiwedd y bedwaredd ganrif ar bymtheg, sy'n adlewyrchu'r economi amaethyddol. Hyd yn oed pan oeddwn i'n tyfu i fyny yng Nghaerfyrddin, yr enw oedd gennym ar gyfer hanner tymor yr hydref, Llywydd, oedd wythnos tatws, a hynny am fy mod i fel eraill yn cael eu hanfon allan i gasglu tatws ar y fferm yn ystod y gwyliau. Mae angen dull arnom o weithredu'r flwyddyn ysgol a'r diwrnod ysgol sy'n adlewyrchu anghenion economi fodern a Chymru gyfoes. Fe fyddwn ni'n gwneud hynny mewn partneriaeth; mae llawer o bobl y bydd angen inni weithio gyda nhw ar y daith honno, ac os oes Aelodau yn y Siambr hon a phleidiau gwleidyddol yn dymuno bod â rhan yn y gwaith, rwy'n fwy na pharod i gydweithio i ddod o hyd i ffurf ar addysg sy'n fwyaf addas ar gyfer anghenion heddiw. Y ffordd o gau bwlch cyflogau yng Nghymru, Llywydd, yw drwy wella cynhyrchiant, ac fe ddywedodd y Resolution Foundation, mewn adroddiad a gyhoeddodd tua diwedd y tymor diwethaf, mai Cymru oedd yr unig ran o'r Deyrnas Unedig lle bu cynnydd sylweddol mewn cynhyrchiant yn ystod y blynyddoedd diwethaf. Nawr, mae angen inni weithio o'r cymorth y mae hynny'n ei roi inni. Mae angen gweithio gyda chydweithwyr mewn busnesau preifat, fel eu bod nhw'n rhoi'r buddsoddiad ar waith a fydd yn caniatáu i'r busnesau hynny fod yn fwy cynhyrchiol. Oherwydd cynhyrchiant yw'r allwedd i economi sy'n talu'n well ac mae'n ganolog i'n hamgyffrediad ni o hynny. Prif Weinidog wyf i, nid proffwyd, Llywydd, ac nid wyf am ddyfalu sut olwg fydd ar y ffigurau ymhen pum mlynedd eto. O ran adeiladu tai, yr 20,000 o gartrefi rhent cymdeithasol yw cyfanswm nifer y cartrefi rhent ar y lefel rhentu cymdeithasol y disgwyliwn iddynt gael eu codi yn y tymor Seneddol hwn. Ond yn sicr nid dyma gyfanswm y cartrefi yr ydym ni'n disgwyl eu gweld nhw'n cael eu hadeiladu yng Nghymru, a fydd yn llawer mwy na hynny. Ac o ran cartrefi gwag, fe fyddwn ni, wrth gwrs, yn parhau â'r gwaith llwyddiannus a ddechreuwyd yn Nhasglu'r Cymoedd, gyda swm sylweddol o fuddsoddiad a channoedd o gartrefi yn cael eu defnyddio'n fuddiannol o ganlyniad i hynny. Rwy'n credu ein bod ni wedi dysgu fformiwla yno, a'n huchelgais fydd ymestyn y fformiwla honno i rannau eraill o'n gwlad ni. Fe godwyd diwygio'r dreth gyngor mewn cwestiynau yn gynharach, Llywydd; nid peth hawdd fydd cyflwyno hynny, oherwydd mae unrhyw ddiwygiad o'r fath, fel y dywedais i, yn peri i rai fod ar eu colled ac eraill ar eu hennill, ond mae ffurf bresennol y dreth gyngor yn rhy anflaengar, ac mae'n rhy annheg; mae'n rhoi baich annheg ar y rhai lleiaf abl yn ein cymdeithas i dalu am y gwasanaethau yr ydym ni i gyd yn elwa arnyn nhw, a chan ddefnyddio gwaith y Sefydliad Astudiaethau Cyllid a gyhoeddwyd tua diwedd y tymor Seneddol diwethaf, rydym ni am symud ymlaen gyda'r diwygio. Ni fydd unrhyw newidiadau i'r system bleidleisio o ran llywodraeth leol yn ystod y flwyddyn nesaf, ond mae'r Ddeddf a roddodd y Senedd hon ar y llyfr statud yn caniatáu i awdurdodau lleol ddewis y system etholiadol erbyn hyn a fydd, yn eu barn nhw, yn adlewyrchu anghenion a dymuniadau eu poblogaethau nhw eu hunain yn fwyaf effeithiol. Ac wrth gwrs, mae pleidiau yn y Siambr hon sy'n cefnogi gwahanol ddulliau o bleidleisio, ac os mai nhw sy'n arwain yn y mannau hynny, fe fydden nhw'n gallu gwneud dewisiadau gwahanol nawr yn hynny o beth pe byddent yn dymuno gwneud felly. Pedwar deg a phump o filoedd o gartrefi yn cael eu diogelu rhag llifogydd yw'r rhif mwyaf a ddiogelwyd erioed yn ystod unrhyw dymor Seneddol. Felly, nid uchelgais bach mohono, ac nid wyf am ohirio'r drafodaeth y prynhawn yma, Llywydd, dim ond dweud bod y rhesymeg o ran nodi'r cartrefi hynny, a'r prosiectau a gynigir, yn dod trwy gyfrwng pob awdurdod lleol a chydweithwyr Cyfoeth Naturiol Cymru, ac yna'n cael cymeradwyaeth a chyllid gan Lywodraeth Cymru. Yn olaf, ynglŷn â'r comisiwn sefydlog, fe fydd gwaith y comisiwn ar gael i bob plaid wleidyddol ac i'r holl ymdrechion amrywiol a wneir i saernïo dyfodol i'r Deyrnas Unedig sy'n caniatáu i'r Deyrnas Unedig barhau i brofi llwyddiant. Ac er bod hwnnw'n waith i'r pwyllgorau dethol yn Nhŷ'r Arglwyddi a Thŷ'r Cyffredin, sy'n ymwneud â'r gwaith hwn ar hyn o bryd; ac er ei fod yn waith a wneir mewn sgyrsiau â Llywodraeth y DU, lle'r ydym ni'n dal i obeithio y byddwn yn cwblhau'r adolygiad rhynglywodraethol cyn i lawer mwy o wythnosau fynd heibio; neu'n waith y bydd Gordon Brown yn ei oruchwylio ar ran y Blaid Lafur, mae'n gwbl briodol fod yna gomisiwn yma yng Nghymru hefyd sy'n dwyn ynghyd farn o bob rhan o Gymru, o fewn pleidiau gwleidyddol a thu hwnt, sy'n meithrin dadl briodol yma yng Nghymru ynglŷn â'n dyfodol cyfansoddiadol ni, ac yn sicrhau, pan fydd dadleuon eraill ac ehangach yn cael eu cynnal, fod yna ffynhonnell awdurdodol o gyngor y gellir ei defnyddio i sicrhau bod llais pobl Cymru yn cael ei glywed mewn ffordd briodol ym mha fforwm bynnag y cynhelir y drafodaeth honno.