English: The first set of amendments includes a number of options to do the same thing around the history of Wales, and I'm very keen to hear your views as to which one or two of these would best achieve our aim. We don't need to include them all, clearly. The intention of this set of amendments is to ensure that the people of Wales are aware of our past as a people, of our history as a nation, in all its rich diversity. There are key periods in the history of Wales when developments that were central in the formulation of Welsh identity took place, and learning about these key events will allow every pupil to understand how our nation was brought together by local and national events within the broader global context. Ensuring that all pupils in Wales learn about key historic events of national significance will help them to become informed citizens, with crucial cultural and political knowledge. The current approach followed by the Welsh Government in this Bill will mean that learners the length and breadth of Wales will have very different experiences of learning about Welsh history, whilst establishing a common body of knowledge on Welsh history, including black and people of colour history, as a mandatory element, would ensure consistency in terms of educating across schools in Wales, avoiding possible inconsistencies and a patchy approach to the teaching of history across the country. These amendments, too, would ensure equal access to history education, which is crucial in ensuring equality of education across Wales. Having a common body of knowledge on the history of Wales as a mandatory part of the curriculum would ensure that pupils learn about the varied and diverse history of Wales, which has in the past been ignored, with broad-reaching negative implications. And in order to assist in tackling structural inequalities and racism and to promote racial and cultural diversity, we must secure an education for all pupils on black and people of colour history. By ensuring that Welsh history has a statutory basis in the Bill, we can ensure that teachers can access the necessary information about Welsh history, providing the necessary guidance in order to support teachers and to nurture their confidence in teaching issues that could be complex, unfamiliar, but crucial, just as is the case with relationships and sexuality education. There is no assurance that crucial histories, such as the history of the Welsh language, the history of religion, the history of the LGBTQ+ community, will be taught in the curriculum either. While RSE and RVE do have mandatory status within the Bill, there is no assurance that the history of sexuality in Wales will be part of the learning experience, and children need to learn about the history of groups that have suffered and have been ignored throughout our history. We need great structural change, and just as we need to talk about healthy relationships as a cross-curricular theme in order to create change within our society and in order to create that change in the relationship between women and men, we also need to promote the identity and diversity of Wales to be a cross-curricular educational theme that deserves the same status and consistency as relationship and sexuality education. So, to conclude, Chair, the purpose of our amendments in this section is to secure consistency and equal access to education on history across Wales in order to tackle structural inequality and to promote diversity in terms of race, culture and sexuality. And the intention is to ensure that our national story has its proper status in the curriculum and is a foundation for children to learn about their history in order to support the purpose of the curriculum, namely to develop Welsh citizens who are informed and engaged. So, I move the amendments.
Welsh: Mae'r set gyntaf o welliannau yn cynnwys sawl opsiwn i wneud yr un peth o gwmpas hanes Cymru, a dwi'n agored iawn i dderbyn eich barn am ba un neu ddau o'r rhain fyddai'n cyrraedd y nod orau. Does dim angen eu cynnwys nhw i gyd, yn amlwg. Bwriad y set yma o welliannau ydy sicrhau bod pobl Cymru yn gwybod am ein gorffennol fel pobl, am ein gorffennol fel gwlad, a hynny yn ei holl amrywiaeth cyfoethog. Mae yna gyfnodau allweddol yn hanes Cymru pan fu datblygiadau a oedd yn ganolog wrth ffurfio hunaniaeth Cymru, a bydd dysgu am ddigwyddiadau allweddol yn caniatáu i bob disgybl ddeall sut cafodd ein gwlad ei llunio gan ddigwyddiadau lleol a chenedlaethol o fewn y cyd-destun ehangach byd-eang. Bydd sicrhau bod pob disgybl yng Nghymru yn cael dysgu am ddigwyddiadau hanesyddol allweddol o arwyddocâd cenedlaethol yn eu helpu nhw i ddod yn ddinasyddion gwybodus gyda gwybodaeth ddiwylliannol a gwleidyddol hanfodol. Bydd y dull presennol sy'n cael ei ddilyn gan Lywodraeth Cymru yn y Bil yma yn golygu y bydd dysgwyr ledled Cymru yn cael profiadau gwahanol iawn o ddysgu am hanes Cymru, tra byddai sefydlu corff cyffredin o wybodaeth hanes Cymru, gan gynnwys hanesion pobl dduon a phobl o liw, fel elfen orfodol, yn sicrhau cysondeb o ran addysgu ar draws ysgolion Cymru, gan osgoi anghysondeb posib ac addysgu hanes tameidiog ledled y wlad. Mi fyddai'r gwelliannau hefyd yn sicrhau mynediad cyfartal i addysg hanes, sy'n hollol hanfodol i sicrhau cydraddoldeb addysg ar draws Cymru. Mi fyddai cael corff cyffredin o wybodaeth am hanes Cymru fel rhan orfodol o'r cwricwlwm yn sicrhau bod disgyblion yn dysgu am hanes amrywiol Cymru - hanes sydd wedi ei ddiystyru yn hanesyddol, gyda goblygiadau negyddol eang i hynny. Ac er mwyn helpu mynd i'r afael ag anghyfiawnderau strwythurol a hiliaeth a hyrwyddo amrywiaeth hiliol a diwylliannol, rhaid gwarantu addysg i bob disgybl ar hanes pobl dduon a phobl o liw. Drwy sicrhau bod gan hanes Cymru sylfaen statudol yn y Bil, fe allwn ni sicrhau bod athrawon yn gallu cael gafael ar wybodaeth angenrheidiol am hanes Cymru, gan ddarparu canllawiau angenrheidiol a defnyddiol i gefnogi athrawon a meithrin eu hyder mewn addysgu pynciau a allai fod yn gymhleth, yn anghyfarwydd, ond eto yn hanfodol, yn union fel gydag addysg cydberthynas a rhywioldeb. Does yna ddim sicrwydd y bydd hanesion hollbwysig, megis hanes yr iaith Gymraeg, hanes crefydd, hanes y gymuned LGBTQ+ yn cael eu dysgu yn y cwricwlwm chwaith. Tra bod gan RSE ac RVE statws mandadol yn y Bil, does yna ddim sicrwydd y bydd hanes rhywioldeb yng Nghymru yn rhan o'r profiad dysgu, ac mae angen i blant ddysgu am hanes grwpiau sydd wedi dioddef ac wedi cael eu diystyru drwy gydol ein hanes. Mae angen newid strwythurol mawr, ac yn union fel y mae angen dysgu am berthnasoedd iach fel thema drawsgwricwlaidd, er mwyn creu newid o fewn ein cymdeithas ni ac er mwyn creu'r newid hynny yn y berthynas rhwng menywod a dynion, mae angen hefyd ddyrchafu hunaniaeth ac amrywiaeth Cymru i fod yn thema addysgol drawsgwricwlaidd sy'n haeddu'r un statws a chysondeb â pherthnasoedd iach ac addysg rhyw. Felly, i grynhoi, Cadeirydd, pwrpas ein gwelliannau ni yn yr adran yma ydy sicrhau cysondeb a mynediad cyfartal i addysg hanes ar draws Cymru er mwyn helpu mynd i'r afael ag anghyfiawnder strwythurol hanesyddol ac i helpu amrywiaeth o ran hil, diwylliant a rhywioldeb. A'r bwriad ydy sicrhau bod gan ein stori genedlaethol statws haeddiannol yn y cwricwlwm a'i bod yn sail i blant ddysgu am eu hanes er mwyn cefnogi diben y cwricwlwm, sef datblygu dinasyddion Cymreig gwybodus ac ymgysylltiedig. Felly, dwi'n symud y gwelliannau.