English: Thank you, Deputy Presiding Officer. I do welcome the opportunity provided by this debate to remember the events of Srebrenica 22 years ago. I thank Jayne, and I think all of us here today thank Jayne Bryant for bringing this to the National Assembly for Wales. It's vital that we do take time to remember this terrible genocide. As Jayne said, at least 8,372 Bosnian Muslims, boys, men and elderly were massacred by Serb forces in a systematically organised series of summary executions. I know that the Cabinet Secretary for Communities and Children is attending the Remembering Srebrenica commemoration event this evening over in the Pierhead building. I know the visits, from the feedback that we've had from Assembly Members who have attended these events and visited - they've made an indelible impact on our and your shared understanding, and it's important that you brought this to us again tonight in this short debate. The theme for this year's, commemoration is gender and genocide, remembering, in particular, the women of Srebrenica. And, of course, Joyce Watson has spoken of that as well today. It's this aspect that I want to focus on in my response. Terrible suffering was inflicted on families as a result of this atrocity. We can scarcely imagine the fear, violence and grief that the Bosnian women and girls suffered. We remember today the thousands who were raped, sexually abused or tortured, often under the eyes of others and sometimes watched by their children or their own mothers. We remember the thousands who saw their sons, husbands and fathers killed or dragged away, never to be seen again. We remember, too, the thousands who were uprooted from their homes and made destitute, and Jayne has described this horrific massacre - the horror and crime of sexual violence and raped used as a weapon. Reports show that there were over 50,000 cases of sexual abuse recorded during the Bosnian war from 1992 to 1995. For women in Bosnia and Herzegovina the legacy of the war continues to cast a long shadow. And nearly 20 years after the ending of the hostilities, women continue to fight for justice but arguably they have yet to be heard fully in a male-oriented Balkan society, and you've commented on that. There's still much to be done there to promote gender equality and women's rights, to tackle discrimination and gender-based violence, domestic abuse, enforced prostitution and trafficking in women. Those who suffered sexual abuse during the war, or experienced domestic abuse in the 20 years since, have also been very vulnerable to economic distress. Many initially returned to homes damaged or destroyed in the war and were thrust into the role of breadwinner without essential skills or an education. The threat of poverty and destitution are an ever-present danger for those suffering domestic abuse in modern-day Bosnia. Jayne, you and your colleagues provided support to the mothers of Srebrenica just by being there, by understanding, by listening and having a witness with them of their suffering, and making a clear statement. Commemorating Srebrenica is about all communities coming together to condemn the genocide that took place on our doorstep in living memory, continuing to learn the lessons and committing to do something in our own community to challenge hatred and intolerance. It's vital that the stories and experiences of victims and survivors of past atrocities are never forgotten. We've heard more today of those memories - those personal stories. I know that that will be very important in terms of taking forward your request to look at ways in which we can share that understanding, learning the lessons in our schools, with our young people and older generations. We have to remember, with violence against women in the UK increasing, it's more important than ever to unify the stories of women in order to amplify their voices and learn from the horrors inflicted on women throughout the world. Creating a more equal Wales where everyone has the opportunity to reach their full potential is a central goal for the Welsh Government, and it's vital that all women are able to achieve and prosper. Women encounter inequality in many areas, which only intensifies if they're also part of another protected group. Women from black minority ethnic communities, lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender women, elderly or disabled women all often face multiple disadvantages and can find it even harder to reach their full potential. We're fully committed to implementing the rights of the United Nations Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women. Our officials have provided a contribution to the UK's eighth periodic report, which will be submitted later this year and highlights the progress we've made in promoting the rights of women since 2013. Reducing all forms of harassment and abuse, including domestic abuse, hate crime and bullying, child-abuse and the abuse of older people, extremism and modern-day slavery is a key aim of the Welsh Government's strategic equality plan for 2016 to 2020. We are seeing considerable progress, including through the Violence against Women, Domestic Abuse and Sexual Violence (Wales) Act 2015, our tackling hate crimes and incidents framework, our Social Services and Well-being (Wales) Act 2014 and our equality and inclusion programme - not only this landmark piece of legislation, the violence against women, domestic abuse and sexual violence Act, but focusing on ways in which we can prevent violence wherever possible and to provide effective support for victims. We are making progress in delivering the measures of the Act and have committed £4.9 million to this work. The key - and we understand this, and it's really coming to the fore today as a result of your debate, Jayne - is to change attitudes so that violent behaviour is not acceptable in any circumstances, locally, nationally or internationally. It will not be tolerated in our society. We're confident that our legislation and wider work will help develop a culture that challenges abusive behaviour to create a Wales, and a world, where everyone has the right to live free of fear. I also recognise that we have to be resilient in the face of extremism, spreading hatred and fear, and strengthening our resolve to become stronger together whenever we're tested by hate crimes, striving to build a strong and diverse society where people of every race, faith and colour are valued for their character and for their actions. That means bringing people together, breaking down divisions to create well-connected communities. It means fostering tolerance and good relations between people. In this work, we can draw inspiration from the survivors of Srebrenica, and women, men and children who've had the strength to endure their ordeal, and the courage to find ways to rebuild their lives and communities. The genocide in Srebrenica should never be forgotten. Jayne has reminded us of this again today, and, of course, following in the Pierhead building tonight, we must continue to learn lessons and continue to work to end sexual violence here in Wales and around the world.
Welsh: Diolch, Dirprwy Lywydd. Rwy'n croesawu'r cyfle y mae'r ddadl hon yn ei gynnig i gofio am ddigwyddiadau Srebrenica 22 mlynedd yn ôl. Hoffwn ddiolch i Jayne, ac rwy'n credu bod pob un ohonom yma heddiw yn diolch i Jayne Bryant am ddod â hyn i Gynulliad Cenedlaethol Cymru. Mae'n hanfodol ein bod yn rhoi amser i gofio'r hil-laddiad ofnadwy hwn. Fel y dywedodd Jayne, cafodd o leiaf 8,372 o Fwslimiaid Bosniaidd, yn fechgyn, dynion a henoed eu lladd gan luoedd Serbaidd mewn cyfres wedi'u trefnu'n systematig o ddienyddiadau diannod. Gwn fod Ysgrifennydd y Cabinet dros Gymunedau a Phlant yn mynychu'r digwyddiad coffa Cofio Srebrenica heno draw yn adeilad y Pierhead. Rwy'n gwybod bod yr ymweliadau, o'r adborth a gawsom gan Aelodau'r Cynulliad sydd wedi mynychu'r digwyddiadau hyn ac wedi ymweld - maent wedi creu argraff annileadwy ar ein dealltwriaeth ni a chi ar y cyd, ac mae'n bwysig eich bod wedi cyflwyno hyn i ni eto heno yn y ddadl fer hon. Thema'r cofio eleni yw rhywedd a hil-laddiad, gan gofio'n arbennig am wragedd Srebrenica. Ac wrth gwrs, mae Joyce Watson wedi sôn am hynny heddiw hefyd. Ar yr agwedd hon rwyf am ganolbwyntio yn fy ymateb. Dioddefodd teuluoedd yn enbyd o ganlyniad i'r erchylltra hwn. Prin y gallwn ddychmygu'r ofn, y trais a'r galar a ddioddefodd y menywod a'r merched Bosniaidd. Cofiwn heddiw am y miloedd a gafodd eu treisio, eu cam-drin yn rhywiol neu eu harteithio, yn aml yng ngolwg pobl eraill, ac weithiau'n cael eu gwylio gan eu plant neu eu mamau eu hunain. Cofiwn y miloedd a welodd eu meibion, eu gwŷr a'u tadau'n cael eu lladd neu eu llusgo ymaith a neb yn eu gweld wedyn. Cofiwn hefyd am y miloedd a gafodd eu diwreiddio o'u cartrefi a'u gwneud yn amddifad, ac mae Jayne wedi disgrifio'r gyflafan erchyll hon - yr arswyd a throseddau trais rhywiol yn cael eu defnyddio fel arf. Dengys adroddiadau fod dros 50,000 o achosion o gam-drin rhywiol wedi'u cofnodi yn ystod rhyfel Bosnia rhwng 1992 a 1995. I fenywod ym Mosnia a Herzegovina mae etifeddiaeth y rhyfel yn parhau i fwrw cysgod hir. A bron i 20 mlynedd ar ôl diwedd y rhyfel, mae menywod yn parhau i ymladd dros gyfiawnder ond gellid dadlau eu bod eto i gael eu clywed yn llawn mewn cymdeithas Falcanaidd wrywaidd, ac rydych wedi gwneud sylwadau ar hynny. Mae'n dal i fod llawer i'w wneud yno i hyrwyddo cydraddoldeb rhwng y rhywiau a hawliau menywod, i fynd i'r afael â gwahaniaethu a thrais ar sail rhyw, cam-drin domestig, puteindra gorfodol a masnachu mewn menywod. Mae'r rhai a ddioddefodd gam-drin rhywiol yn ystod y rhyfel, neu a brofodd gam-drin domestig yn y 20 mlynedd ers hynny, hefyd wedi bod yn agored iawn i drallod economaidd. Ar y cychwyn, dychwelodd llawer i gartrefi wedi'u difrodi neu eu dinistrio yn y rhyfel a'u gwthio i rôl enillydd cyflog heb sgiliau hanfodol neu addysg. Mae bygythiad tlodi ac amddifadedd yn berygl hollbresennol i'r rhai sy'n dioddef cam-drin domestig ym Mosnia heddiw. Jayne, fe wnaethoch chi a'ch cyd-Aelodau ddarparu cefnogaeth i famau Srebrenica drwy fod yno, drwy ddeall, drwy wrando a chael tyst gyda hwy i'w dioddefaint, a gwneud datganiad clir. Mae coffáu Srebrenica yn ymwneud â phob cymuned yn dod at ei gilydd i gondemnio'r hil-laddiad a ddigwyddodd ar garreg ein drws o fewn cof, i barhau i ddysgu'r gwersi ac i ymrwymo i wneud rhywbeth yn ein cymuned eu hunain i herio casineb ac anoddefgarwch. Mae'n hanfodol nad yw'r hanesion a phrofiadau dioddefwyr a goroeswyr erchyllterau yn y gorffennol byth yn cael eu hanghofio. Rydym wedi clywed mwy heddiw am yr atgofion hynny - y straeon personol hynny. Rwy'n gwybod y bydd hynny'n bwysig iawn wrth fwrw ymlaen â'ch cais i edrych ar ffyrdd y gallwn rannu'r ddealltwriaeth honno, dysgu'r gwersi yn ein hysgolion, gyda'n pobl ifanc a chenedlaethau hŷn. Mae'n rhaid i ni gofio, gyda thrais yn erbyn menywod yn y DU yn cynyddu, mae'n bwysicach nag erioed inni uno hanesion menywod er mwyn i'w lleisiau gael eu clywed ac i ddysgu o erchyllterau a wnaed i fenywod ar draws y byd. Mae creu Cymru fwy cyfartal lle mae gan bawb gyfle i gyflawni eu potensial llawn yn nod canolog i Lywodraeth Cymru, ac mae'n hanfodol fod pob menyw yn gallu cyflawni a ffynnu. Mae menywod yn wynebu anghydraddoldeb mewn llawer o feysydd, sydd ond yn dwysáu os ydynt hefyd yn rhan o grŵp gwarchodedig arall. Yn aml, bydd menywod o gymunedau pobl dduon a lleiafrifoedd ethnig, menywod lesbiaidd, hoyw, deurywiol a thrawsrywiol, menywod oedrannus neu fenywod anabl i gyd yn wynebu anfanteision lluosog a gallant ei chael hi hyd yn oed yn anos cyrraedd eu potensial llawn. Rydym yn gwbl ymroddedig i weithredu hawliau Confensiwn y Cenhedloedd Unedig ar Ddileu Pob Math o Wahaniaethu yn erbyn Menywod. Mae ein swyddogion wedi darparu cyfraniad i wythfed adroddiad cyfnodol y DU a fydd yn cael ei gyflwyno yn ddiweddarach eleni ac sy'n tynnu sylw at y cynnydd a wnaethom yn hyrwyddo hawliau menywod ers 2013. Mae lleihau pob math o aflonyddu a chamdriniaeth, gan gynnwys cam-drin domestig, casineb trosedd a bwlio, cam-drin plant a cham-drin pobl hŷn, eithafiaeth a chaethwasiaeth fodern yn nod allweddol yng nghynllun cydraddoldeb strategol Llywodraeth Cymru ar gyfer 2016 i 2020. Rydym yn gweld cynnydd sylweddol, gan gynnwys drwy Ddeddf Trais yn erbyn Menywod, Cam-drin Domestig a Thrais Rhywiol (Cymru) 2015, ein fframwaith ar gyfer mynd i'r afael â throseddau a digwyddiadau casineb, ein Deddf Gwasanaethau Cymdeithasol a Llesiant (Cymru) 2014 a'n rhaglen cydraddoldeb a chynhwysiant - nid yn unig y ddeddfwriaeth nodedig hon, y Ddeddf trais yn erbyn menywod, cam-drin domestig a thrais rhywiol, ond canolbwyntio ar ffyrdd o atal trais lle bynnag y bo modd a darparu cymorth effeithiol i ddioddefwyr. Rydym yn gwneud cynnydd o ran cyflawni mesurau'r Ddeddf ac wedi ymrwymo £4.9 miliwn i'r gwaith hwn. Yr allwedd - ac rydym yn deall hyn, ac mae'n dod yn amlwg o ddifrif heddiw o ganlyniad i'ch dadl, Jayne - yw newid agweddau fel nad yw ymddygiad treisgar yn dderbyniol dan unrhyw amgylchiadau, yn lleol, yn genedlaethol neu'n rhyngwladol. Ni chaiff ei oddef yn ein cymdeithas. Rydym yn hyderus y bydd ein deddfwriaeth a gwaith ehangach yn helpu i ddatblygu diwylliant sy'n herio ymddygiad camdriniol i greu Cymru, a byd, lle mae gan bawb hawl i fyw yn rhydd o ofn. Rwyf hefyd yn cydnabod bod yn rhaid i ni fod yn wydn yn wyneb eithafiaeth, sy'n lledaenu casineb ac ofn, a chryfhau ein penderfyniad i ddod yn gryfach gyda'n gilydd pan gawn ein profi gan droseddau casineb, gan ymdrechu i adeiladu cymdeithas gref ac amrywiol lle y caiff pobl o bob hil, ffydd a lliw eu gwerthfawrogi am eu cymeriad ac am eu gweithredoedd. Mae hynny'n golygu dod â phobl at ei gilydd, gan chwalu rhaniadau i greu cymunedau â chysylltiadau da. Mae'n golygu meithrin goddefgarwch a chysylltiadau da rhwng pobl. Yn y gwaith hwn, gallwn gael ein hysbrydoli gan oroeswyr Srebrenica, a menywod, dynion a phlant sydd wedi cael nerth i ddioddef eu profiadau erchyll, a dewrder i ddod o hyd i ffyrdd i ailadeiladu eu bywydau a'u cymunedau. Ni ddylem byth anghofio'r hil-laddiad yn Srebrenica. Mae Jayne wedi ein hatgoffa ohono eto heddiw, ac wrth gwrs, i ddilyn yn adeilad y Pierhead heno, mae'n rhaid i ni barhau i ddysgu gwersi a pharhau i weithio er mwyn rhoi diwedd ar drais rhywiol yma yng Nghymru ac ar draws y byd.