English: I'd like to thank the Deputy Minister for his statement. As Russell George said, it was very useful indeed to have Lord Burns attend the committee so we had an opportunity as committee members to explore some of the ideas with him directly. I want to offer the Deputy Minister Plaid Cymru's support for this approach, and to say that we are pleased that he has been able to accept the recommendations. I'm looking forward to studying the line-by-line response, because the Deputy Minister knows as well as I do that accepting in principle doesn't always mean that we can actually get it done. So, we'll need to look at that a little bit carefully I think, but very much welcome the approach. Can I just ask a little bit more about delivery of this? Now, the Deputy Minister is quite right when he talks about induced demand, and we know that, if this road had been built, it would have been filled up in a matter of a couple of years, whereas what we're talking about here is longer-term change. There will be challenges there. I think we would accept what the Deputy Minister has said about the need, when good alternatives are in place, for disincentives for people to carry on using private cars to come into play, though I am relieved to hear the Deputy Minister say that we need to start with the positive incentives by making public transport more accessible, making it feel safer, making it easier for people to use. I'm concerned that one of the big challenges to delivery is going to be the situation of the non-devolved parts of the rail network. Now, this afternoon's conversation is not perhaps the place to have the conversation about the missed opportunity when Welsh Government could have asked for the full devolution and didn't, but, in the context of today's discussion, this does present some real challenges. The Deputy Minister is right to say that Wales has been short-changed massively in terms of capital spending by this UK Government. I think the First Minister was right when he told us earlier this afternoon that we can't trust the Tories. But, in terms of delivering this particular set of outcomes, I'd like to ask the Deputy Minister this afternoon how those initial discussions with UK Government that he and his officials have been having are progressing. It's early days to say, of course, but does he get the sense that they understand the importance, and indeed the urgency, of delivering for the people of south-east Wales, and, indeed, beyond, because, of course, that congestion in the south-east has an effect beyond the south-east itself? So, does he perceive that lack of power over rail infrastructure is going to be an issue in terms of delivering on this set of recommendations? With regard to the shorter term work that he's talked about in terms of active travel and the bus network, is he confident that Welsh Government has got sufficient power to be able to ensure that this happens with regard to buses? Of course, with Newport Bus themselves, they are still controlled, as I understand it, by the local authority, so that will be relatively straightforward. But there are other bus services that go in and out of Newport, particularly those bus services that serve Valley communities - they're not all under direct local authority control. So, I wonder: does the Deputy Minister feel that the next Government may need to return to bus legislation, and may need to take that bus legislation perhaps further than was planned in the draft that we were looking at before COVID hit, to ensure that there are sufficient powers? And the Deputy Minister did talk about governance in response to Russell George, and indeed mentioned that in his own statement. Has he given consideration as to how the UK Government will fit in to those governance mechanisms, as he begins to roll out the bigger infrastructure projects around rail? Because it seems to me that it's very important that there is some mechanism whereby, once agreements are reached, those agreements can be monitored. And does he see that as coming within the remit of the unit that he speaks about and the independent chair? And finally, can he give us a sense this afternoon of when he thinks people in the Newport area will begin to see some of these changes? I'm a lot less sceptical than Russell George appears to be, and I think the intentions here are solid, and we've got good evidence from the Burns commission as to why these changes should be brought about. But I know that the Deputy Minister will understand the frustrations of people most directly affected, and indeed of the surrounding communities who get affected by the knock-on effects. So, can he give us some indication as to when he thinks people will begin to feel some changes on the ground as a result of this work, understanding, of course, that the bigger infrastructure works will take longer?
Welsh: Fe hoffwn i ddiolch i'r Dirprwy Weinidog am ei ddatganiad. Fel y dywedodd Russell George, roedd yn fuddiol iawn cael Arglwydd Burns yn bresennol yn y pwyllgor ac fe gawsom ni, aelodau'r pwyllgor, gyfle felly i archwilio rhai o'r syniadau gydag ef yn uniongyrchol. Rwy'n dymuno rhoi i'r Dirprwy Weinidog gefnogaeth Plaid Cymru i'r dull hwn, a dweud ein bod ni'n falch ei fod wedi gallu derbyn yr argymhellion. Rwy'n edrych ymlaen at astudio'r ymateb fesul llinell, oherwydd mae'r Dirprwy Weinidog yn gwybod cystal â minnau nad yw derbyn mewn egwyddor bob amser yn golygu y gallwn ni wneud hynny mewn gwirionedd. Felly, fe fydd angen inni edrych ar hynny gyda rhywfaint o ofal rwy'n credu, ond rwyf i'n croesawu'r dull yn fawr iawn. A gaf i ofyn ychydig mwy am gyflawni hyn? Nawr, mae'r Dirprwy Weinidog yn llygad ei le pan fo'n sôn am annog y galw, ac fe wyddom ni, pe bai'r ffordd hon wedi cael ei hadeiladu, fe fyddai'n orlawn ymhen ychydig flynyddoedd, ond yr hyn yr ydym ni'n sôn amdano yma yw newid tymor hwy. Mae yna heriau yn hyn o beth. Rwy'n credu y byddem ni'n derbyn yr hyn a ddywedodd y Dirprwy Weinidog am yr angen, pan fydd dewisiadau amgen da ar waith, i weld anghymhellion yn dod i rym o ran pobl yn gallu parhau i ddefnyddio ceir preifat, er fy mod i'n falch o glywed y Dirprwy Weinidog yn dweud bod angen i ni ddechrau gyda'r cymhellion cadarnhaol drwy wneud trafnidiaeth gyhoeddus yn fwy hygyrch, gan wneud i deithio ar drafnidiaeth gyhoeddus deimlo'n fwy diogel, gan ei gwneud hi'n haws i bobl ei defnyddio. Rwy'n pryderu mai un o'r heriau mawr o ran cyflawni fydd y sefyllfa gyda rhannau o'r rhwydwaith rheilffyrdd nad ydyn nhw wedi eu datganoli. Nawr, efallai nad y drafodaeth y prynhawn yma yw'r cyfle priodol i gael y drafodaeth am y cyfle a gollwyd pan allai Llywodraeth Cymru fod wedi gofyn am ddatganoli llawn ond ni wnaeth felly, ond, yng nghyd-destun y drafodaeth heddiw, mae hyn yn cyflwyno rhai heriau gwirioneddol. Mae'r Dirprwy Weinidog yn iawn i ddweud bod Cymru wedi cael bargen wael ofnadwy o ran gwariant cyfalaf gan Lywodraeth y DU. Rwy'n credu bod y Prif Weinidog yn iawn pan ddywedodd ef wrthym yn gynharach y prynhawn yma na allwn ni ymddiried yn y Torïaid. Ond, o ran cyflawni'r gyfres benodol hon o ganlyniadau, fe hoffwn i ofyn i'r Dirprwy Weinidog y prynhawn yma pa lwyddiant sydd wedi bod gyda'r trafodaethau cychwynnol hynny y mae ef a'i swyddogion wedi bod yn eu cael gyda Llywodraeth y DU. Mae'n gynnar iawn i ddweud, wrth gwrs, ond a yw'n teimlo eu bod nhw'n deall pwysigrwydd a gwir frys yr angen i gyflawni ar gyfer pobl y de-ddwyrain, ac, yn wir, y tu hwnt i hynny, oherwydd, wrth gwrs, mae tagfeydd yn y de-ddwyrain yn cael effaith y tu hwnt i'r de-ddwyrain ei hun? Felly, a yw ef yn credu y bydd diffyg pŵer dros seilwaith y rheilffyrdd yn broblem o ran cyflawni'r gyfres hon o argymhellion? O ran gwaith yn y tymor byrrach y mae ef wedi sôn amdano o ran teithio llesol a'r rhwydwaith bysiau, a yw ef yn hyderus bod gan Lywodraeth Cymru ddigon o bŵer i allu sicrhau bod hyn yn digwydd gyda bysiau? Wrth gwrs, gyda Newport Bus eu hunain, maen nhw'n parhau i gael eu rheoli, yn ôl a ddeallaf i, gan yr awdurdod lleol, ac felly fe fydd hynny'n gymharol syml. Ond mae yna wasanaethau bws eraill sy'n mynd i mewn ac allan o Gasnewydd, yn enwedig y gwasanaethau bysiau hynny sy'n gwasanaethu cymunedau'r Cymoedd - nid ydyn nhw i gyd dan reolaeth uniongyrchol awdurdodau lleol. Felly, tybed: a yw'r Dirprwy Weinidog yn teimlo y gallai fod angen i'r Llywodraeth nesaf fynd yn ôl at y ddeddfwriaeth bysiau, ac efallai y bydd angen iddi fynd â'r ddeddfwriaeth bysiau honno ymhellach efallai nag a gynlluniwyd yn y drafft yr oeddem ni'n ei ystyried cyn i COVID daro, ar gyfer sicrhau fod yna ddigon o bwerau ar gael? Ac fe soniodd y Dirprwy Weinidog am lywodraethu mewn ymateb i Russell George, ac yn wir fe soniodd am hynny yn y datganiad ei hunan. A yw ef wedi ystyried beth fydd swyddogaeth Llywodraeth y DU gyda'r mecanweithiau llywodraethu hynny, wrth iddo ddechrau cyflwyno'r prosiectau seilwaith mwy o gwmpas y rheilffyrdd? Oherwydd mae'n ymddangos i mi ei bod yn bwysig iawn fod yna ryw fecanwaith i allu monitro'r cytundebau hynny, pan fydd y cytundebau wedi eu gwneud. Ac a yw ef yn gweld hynny'n dod o fewn cylch gwaith yr uned y mae ef yn sôn amdani yn ogystal â'r cadeirydd annibynnol? Ac yn olaf, a wnaiff ef roi ryw syniad i ni'r prynhawn yma o ba bryd y bydd pobl yn ardal Casnewydd yn dechrau gweld rhai o'r newidiadau hyn, yn ei farn ef? Rwy'n llawer llai amheus na Russell George i bob golwg, ac rwy'n credu bod y bwriadau hyn yn rhai cadarn, ac mae gennym ni dystiolaeth dda gan gomisiwn Burns o'r rhesymau pam y dylid cyflwyno'r newidiadau hyn. Ond fe wn i fod y Dirprwy Weinidog yn deall rhwystredigaethau'r bobl sy'n cael eu heffeithio'n fwyaf uniongyrchol, ac yn wir y cymunedau cyfagos y mae'r sgil-effeithiau yn effeithio arnyn nhw. Felly, a all ef roi rhyw syniad inni pryd y mae'n credu y bydd pobl yn dechrau teimlo rhai newidiadau ar lawr gwlad o ganlyniad i'r gwaith hwn, gan ddeall, wrth gwrs, y bydd y gwaith seilwaith mwy yn cymryd rhagor o amser?