English: We are aware now that there are over 24,000 second homes in Wales, with almost 5,000 of them in Gwynedd, and over 4,000 are in Pembrokeshire. In 2017-18, almost 40 per cent of the homes sold in Gwynedd and a third of the homes sold on Anglesey had been sold as second homes. So, essentially, we are talking about a broader economic problem here, aren't we? Large parts of Wales, particularly those areas with the highest level of second homes, are also among the areas with the lowest levels of income and salary. So, the reality is that these are areas where the housing market doesn't represent the local economy. Of course, local authorities have means such as sections 106 and 157 to try to control the sale of homes and put in place measures to seek to balance these elements, but it's clear that they are inadequate or, for one thing, we wouldn't be having this debate today. And, therefore, I just want to spend some time looking at what other regions and countries have been doing and whether there are any lessons that we could learn in tackling some of these issues. Switzerland, of course, has very strict rules. They are at the extreme end of the spectrum. There, the home has to be located in an area that is designated as a holiday area before it can be sold as a second home, and then you need permission from the canton before you can purchase that home. In addition to that, the cantons and boroughs can set their own rules. They can limit the sale of second homes to homes that are already second homes. They can restrict the size of those second homes. They can even limit the number of second homes that any one person can own. In 2012, the people of Switzerland agreed in a referendum, as they tend to do regularly in Switzerland, to set a restriction on the number of second homes that could exist within the country. So, they have chosen a particular path. Guernsey have taken another approach. They have taken strict measures to control the housing market there. The Government there operates two housing markets: an open market for just 7 per cent of homes on the island, and the rest is restricted to local people or people who have a work permit. And there are different models in countries such as Catalonia, France, Germany, and so on and so forth. Now, closer to home of course, there is a specific set of regulations in London.
Welsh: Rŷn ni yn ymwybodol erbyn hyn fod yna dros 24,000 o ail gartrefi yng Nghymru, gyda bron i 5,000 ohonyn nhw yng Ngwynedd, ac mae yna dros 4,000 ohonyn nhw yn sir Benfro. Yn wir, yn 2017-18, roedd bron i 40 y cant o'r tai a gafodd eu gwerthu yng Ngwynedd a dros draean o'r tai a werthwyd ar Ynys Môn wedi eu gwerthu fel ail dai. Felly, yn ei hanfod, rŷn ni'n sôn am broblem economaidd mwy sylfaenol yn fan hyn onid ŷn ni? Mae rhannau helaeth o Gymru, yn enwedig yr ardaloedd sydd â'r lefelau uchaf o ail dai hefyd, wrth gwrs, ymhlith yr ardaloedd sydd â'r lefelau isaf o gyflogau ac incwm. Felly, y realiti yw bod yr ardaloedd yma yn llefydd lle dyw'r farchnad dai ddim yn adlewyrchu'r economi leol i bob pwrpas. Mae gan awdurdodau lleol ddulliau fel adrannau 106 a 157 i geisio rheoli gwerthiant tai a chyflwyno rhyw fesurau i gydbwyso'r elfennau yma, ond mae'n amlwg eu bod nhw'n annigonol neu, yn un peth, fyddem ni ddim yn cael y ddadl yma heddiw. Ac felly, dwi eisiau jest treulio ychydig o amser yn edrych ar beth mae rhai rhanbarthau a gwledydd arall wedi bod yn gwneud ac a oes yna wersi efallai y byddem ni yn gallu eu dysgu i fynd i'r afael â rhai o'r materion yma. Mae gan y Swistir reolau caeth iawn. Maen nhw reit ar begwn y sbectrwm. Yn y fanna, mae'n rhaid i'r tŷ fod wedi ei leoli mewn ardal sydd wedi ei neilltuo fel ardal gwyliau cyn bod modd ei werthu e fel ail dŷ, ac wedyn mae angen caniatâd gan y canton cyn y gallwch chi brynu'r tŷ hwnnw. Yn ogystal â hynny, mae cantons a bwrdeistrefi yn gallu gosod eu rheolau eu hunain hefyd. Maen nhw'n gallu cyfyngu gwerthiant o ail gartrefi i dai sydd eisoes yn ail gartrefi. Maen nhw'n gallu cyfyngu ar ba mor fawr, beth yw maint yr ail gartrefi yma. Maen nhw hyd yn oed yn gallu cyfyngu ar nifer yr ail gartrefi y mae hawl gan unrhyw un person i'w berchnogi. Yn 2012, fe gytunodd pobl y Swistir mewn refferendwm, fel maen nhw'n dueddol o wneud yn gyson yn y Swistir, i osod cyfyngiad ar faint o ail gartrefi oedd yn cael bod yn y wlad. Felly, maen nhw wedi dewis un llwybr. Mae Guernsey wedi edrych ar ddull arall. Maen nhw wedi cymryd camau llym i reoli'r farchnad dai yn y fanna. Mae'r Llywodraeth yno yn gweithredu dwy farchnad dai: marchnad agored ar gyfer dim ond 7 y cant o dai ar yr ynys, a'r gweddill yn farchnad gaeedig ar gyfer pobl leol neu bobl sydd â permit gwaith yn unig. Ac mae yna fodelau gwahanol mewn gwledydd fel Catalonia, yn Ffrainc, yr Almaen ac yn y blaen. Yn agosach i gartref, wrth gwrs, mae yna set benodol o reoliadau yn Llundain.