English: First, I'd just like to pay a personal tribute to Kirsty Williams for her persistence in campaigning for the pupil development grant, because this is something that she was doing in the last Assembly as well as in this Assembly. I think that it is an instrument for ensuring that we have some attempt at levelling up the opportunities for students from poorer backgrounds. So, rather than making a cheap political point, I think we should acknowledge the successes. I absolutely agree with you that the greatest impact is going to be in the early years, and I wondered how much attention you pay to the outcomes from those children who benefit from the Flying Start programme in terms of their readiness to start in nursery school - the numbers of words they speak and their motor skills and all that. Because it seems to me that if that is working well, then, there is an argument for ensuring that all children have those opportunities who don't have those benefits from parents who can buy them whatever occurs to them. I was particularly happy yesterday to learn about the gardening club at Springwood Primary School in my constituency, which is in Llanedeyrn, for years 1 and 2 students. Because, for those who don't have a garden or access to a garden themselves, there's a huge benefit for children from the after-school provision, which is the enrichment programme that it's really important that all schools can offer. Because that levelling up simply won't exist if we don't have music clubs, or gardening clubs or sports opportunities for the very young who can't take themselves off to those things. The free swimming entitlement that the Welsh Government pays for, it seems to me, is one of the best kept secrets, I'm afraid, by our leisure centres, certainly in Cardiff. It is hugely difficult to find out when these things are taking place, and the people who really need the free swimming are simply not being properly informed about it, so I think there's a real barrier there. I appreciate it may not be in your portfolio, but it's something that one of the committees needs to do some sort of evaluation on. I also very much appreciate the consultation you've done on school uniforms, because we don't want school uniforms to be expensive items; they need to be hard-wearing, value for money, and then we need to encourage schools to have an exchange programme so that they can be passed on, because some children grow like beanstalks and they're practically new when they've grown out of them. So, as part of our climate emergency things, this is a really important issue - to ensure that little-worn items are reused in the right place. On the period products, how much guidance is being given to institutions to think about reusable products? Because, mooncups are not for children when they first start their periods, but, in FE colleges, it'd be hugely important that they then know that they've got them for 15 years. So, that seems to me much more important than just something as a temporary stopgap. I hope that the revised evaluation and improvement framework, which places importance on the value added by schools for each pupil, is going to put a stop to those schools - and they do exist, in my constituency - where pupils are excluded because they are needing extra help or their attainment isn't going to be in the top, or they're not going to be high attainers. It seems to me it's absolutely vital that all schools will value every single child and ensure that they progress to the extent of their ability. Lastly, I think the 35 per cent increase in part-time students, half of whom qualify for the maximum amount, is a huge achievement and I just want to congratulate you on that.
Welsh: Yn gyntaf, hoffwn i dalu teyrnged bersonol i Kirsty Williams am ei dyfalbarhad wrth ymgyrchu dros y grant datblygu disgyblion, oherwydd mae hyn yn rhywbeth yr oedd yn ei wneud yn y Cynulliad diwethaf yn ogystal ag yn y Cynulliad hwn. Rwy'n credu ei fod yn offeryn ar gyfer sicrhau ein bod yn ceisio cynyddu'r cyfleoedd i fyfyrwyr o gefndiroedd tlotach i'r un lefel â'u cyfoedion. Felly, yn hytrach na gwneud pwynt gwleidyddol rhad, rwy'n credu y dylem ni gydnabod y llwyddiannau. Rwy'n cytuno'n llwyr â chi mai yn y blynyddoedd cynnar y bydd yr effaith fwyaf, ac roeddwn i'n meddwl tybed faint o sylw yr ydych chi'n ei roi i ddeilliannau'r plant hynny sy'n elwa ar y rhaglen Dechrau'n Deg o ran eu parodrwydd i ddechrau yn yr ysgol feithrin - nifer y geiriau maen nhw'n eu siarad a'u sgiliau echddygol ac ati. Oherwydd mae'n ymddangos i mi, os yw hynny'n gweithio'n dda, bod dadl dros sicrhau bod y cyfleoedd hynny ar gael i bob plentyn nad yw'n cael y buddion hynny gan rieni sy'n gallu prynu unrhyw beth maen nhw'n ei ddymuno. Roeddwn i'n arbennig o hapus ddoe i ddysgu am y clwb garddio yn Ysgol Gynradd Springwood yn fy etholaeth i, sydd yn Llanedeyrn, ar gyfer myfyrwyr blynyddoedd 1 a 2. Oherwydd, i'r rhai hynny nad oes ganddyn nhw ardd neu fynediad at ardd eu hunain, mae mantais enfawr i blant o'r ddarpariaeth ar ôl ysgol, sef y rhaglen gyfoethogi y mae'n wirioneddol bwysig i bob ysgol ei chynnig. Gan na fydd y lefelu hwnnw yn bodoli os nad oes gennym ni glybiau cerddoriaeth, neu glybiau garddio neu gyfleoedd chwaraeon i'r rhai ifanc iawn sy'n methu â mynd â'u hunain i'r pethau hynny. Mae'r hawl i nofio am ddim y mae Llywodraeth Cymru yn talu amdano, mae'n ymddangos i mi, yn un o'r cyfrinachau gorau, mae arnaf ofn, y mae ein canolfannau hamdden yn eu cadw, yn sicr yng Nghaerdydd. Mae'n hynod anodd cael gwybod pryd y mae'r pethau hyn yn digwydd, ac nid yw'r bobl y mae angen y cyfle nofio am ddim arnyn nhw mewn gwirionedd yn cael yr wybodaeth briodol am hynny, felly rwy'n credu bod rhwystr gwirioneddol yn hynny o beth. Rwy'n sylweddoli efallai nad yw hyn yn eich portffolio chi, ond mae'n rhywbeth y mae angen i un o'r pwyllgorau gynnal rhyw fath o werthusiad arno. Rwyf hefyd yn gwerthfawrogi'n fawr yr ymgynghoriad yr ydych chi wedi ei gynnal ar wisgoedd ysgol, oherwydd nid ydym eisiau i wisgoedd ysgol fod yn eitemau drud; mae angen iddyn nhw beidio â threulio'n hawdd, rhoi gwerth am arian, ac wedyn mae angen i ni annog ysgolion i lunio rhaglen gyfnewid er mwyn gallu eu trosglwyddo, gan fod rhai plant yn tyfu trwy'u dillad mor gyflym fel eu bod yn rhy fychan er eu bod bron yn newydd. Felly, yn rhan o'n pethau argyfwng hinsawdd, mae hwn yn fater pwysig iawn - i sicrhau bod eitemau nad ydyn nhw wedi eu gwisgo rhyw lawer yn cael eu hailddefnyddio yn y man cywir. O ran cynhyrchion mislif, faint o ganllawiau sy'n cael eu rhoi i sefydliadau i feddwl am gynhyrchion y gellir eu hailddefnyddio? Oherwydd, nid yw'r mooncup yn addas ar gyfer plant pan fyddan nhw'n dechrau cael mislif, ond mewn colegau addysg bellach, byddai'n hynod bwysig eu bod yn gwybod eu bod ganddyn nhw am 15 mlynedd. Felly, mae hynny'n ymddangos i mi yn llawer pwysicach na rhywbeth sy'n gweithio dros dro. Rwy'n gobeithio y bydd y fframwaith gwerthuso a gwella diwygiedig, sy'n gosod pwys ar y gwerth a ychwanegir gan ysgolion ar gyfer pob disgybl, yn rhoi terfyn ar yr ysgolion hynny - ac maen nhw yn bodoli, yn fy etholaeth i - lle caiff disgyblion eu heithrio oherwydd bod angen cymorth ychwanegol arnyn nhw neu oherwydd na fydd eu cyrhaeddiad yn agos i'r brig, neu na fyddan nhw'n gyflawnwyr uchel. Mae'n ymddangos i mi ei bod hi'n gwbl hanfodol bod pob ysgol yn gwerthfawrogi pob un plentyn ac yn sicrhau eu bod yn gwneud y cynnydd gorau yn unol â'u gallu. Yn olaf, rwy'n credu bod y cynnydd o 35 y cant o ran myfyrwyr rhan-amser, y mae eu hanner yn gymwys ar gyfer yr uchafswm, yn gyflawniad aruthrol a hoffwn eich llongyfarch ar hynny.