English: I move on to the subject at issue. The method of providing low-cost, affordable housing is one of the great challenges that face this Government. Certainly, modular housing can be a useful tool in increasing the housing supply in Wales, and brownfield sites are appropriate for housing developments. But, a word of warning about some aspects of this: historically, modular housing has been seen as poor-quality housing, with restrictive value in terms of resale. This, therefore, can create problems for first-time buyers with low deposits, and problems of having access to funding. The industry is trying to change that perception, but it shows that we need to give full consideration to how we help people to fund the purchase of such homes. There is also concern about the longevity of this kind of housing and, once again, we have to ensure that this has consideration in the funding arrangements. Secondly, we need to be careful about these housing developments and be careful that not only one kind of house will be built - a house that would be appropriate for only some residents. Mixed communities, where families with variable incomes live together, offer better social outcomes. There is a lot of evidence for that. We need to think about that as we plan new housing estates, as well as the design of those estates. In addition to that, public services, including active travel requirements, must be part of any development, but that's not what happens very often, and I'm aware of one housing development that is next to a school, and yet that school is already full. So, there is a challenge facing families moving there to live. Now, modular housing can be part of the jigsaw that will meet the demand for housing, but we must also cover other parts of the jigsaw: to start with, eco-housing, although I'm not sure if a party that denies climate change would share our enthusiasm in Plaid Cymru for eco-homes. Clearly, eco-friendly homes with low energy bills do fit into the category of affordable homes, and also fit into the category of high-quality housing as well as contributing to reducing the carbon footprint. Secondly, we need additional care homes in order to meet social care requirements. There aren't enough of these homes built, and they are essential to assist those people who have care needs and wish to live independently. And, finally, we need to recognise what 'affordable' truly means and to acknowledge that affordability relates to income. Clearly, instability in terms of working arrangements, as well as low incomes, makes it difficult for households to put funding to one side to purchase a home. What is affordable in one area certainly is very different to what's affordable in another. I have a member of my own family who lives in Abersoch, where an affordable home is way beyond what would constitute an affordable home in an area of the Nantlle valley or Arfon, and is beyond reach and can't be described as affordable, if truth be told. The main problem with affordability is the fact that the percentage of young people earning an average national income has reduced, and there won't be much increase in real-terms salaries, whilst, at the same time, a higher proportion of salaries go towards paying rent. This leads to my final warning: if we do want to see more modular homes built, we must ensure that they won't be purchased by buy-to-let landlords. That can also create numerous problems. So, briefly, yes, there is room for this kind of housing, but only as part of a comprehensive package of different kinds of affordable homes.
Welsh: Rydw i'n symud at y pwnc dan sylw. Mae sut i ddarparu tai fforddiadwy, cost-isel yn un o'r heriau mawr sy'n wynebu'r Llywodraeth yma. Yn sicr, fe all tai modiwlaidd fod yn erfyn defnyddiol er mwyn cynyddu'r cyflenwad o dai yng Nghymru, ac mae safleoedd tir brown yn addas ar gyfer datblygiadau tai. Ond, gair o rybudd ynglŷn ag ambell agwedd o hyn: yn hanesyddol, mae tai modiwlaidd wedi cael eu gweld fel tai o ansawdd gwael, efo gwerth cyfyngedig o ran ailwerthu. Fe all hyn, felly, greu problemau i brynwyr tro cyntaf gyda blaendaliadau isel a phroblemau o gael mynediad i gyllid. Mae'r diwydiant y ceisio newid y canfyddiad hwnnw, ond mae'n dangos bod angen rhoi ystyriaeth lawn i sut yr ydym yn helpu pobl i gyllido prynu'r math yma o gartrefi. Mae pryder hefyd am oes y math yma o dai ac, unwaith eto, mae angen sicrhau bod hyn wedi cael ystyriaeth yn y trefniadau cyllid. Yn ail, mae angen i ni wylio rhag datblygiadau tai o'r math yma: gwylio rhag ofn mai dim ond un math arbennig o dŷ a fydd yn cael ei godi - math a fyddai'n addas ar gyfer rhai trigolion yn unig. Mae cymunedau cymysg, lle mae teuluoedd o incwm amrywiol yn byw efo'i gilydd, yn cynnig gwell deilliannau cymdeithasol. Mae yna lawer o dystiolaeth o hynny. Mae angen meddwl am hynny wrth gynllunio ystadau tai newydd, a dyluniad yr ystadau rheini. Yn ychwanegol at hynny, mae angen i wasanaethau cyhoeddus, yn cynnwys anghenion teithio llesol, fod yn rhan o unrhyw ddatblygiadau - ond nid dyna sydd yn digwydd, yn aml. Rydw i'n ymwybodol o un datblygiad tai sydd drws nesaf i ysgol, ac eto mae'r ysgol honno yn llawn, felly mae yna her yn wynebu'r teuluoedd sy'n symud yno i fyw. Fe all tai modiwlaidd fod yn rhan o'r jigso sydd ei angen er mwyn ateb y galw am dai. Rhaid sôn am rannau eraill y jigso yma: i ddechrau, tai eco, er nid ydw i'n siŵr a fyddai'r blaid sy'n gwadu newid hinsawdd yn rhannu'n brwdfrydedd ni ym Mhlaid Cymru am dai eco. Yn amlwg, mae tai eco cyfeillgar efo biliau ynni isel yn ffitio categori tai fforddiadwy, ac yn ffitio categori tai o ansawdd uchel, yn ogystal â chyfrannu i leihau'r ôl troed carbon. Yn ail, mae angen tai gofal ychwanegol er mwyn ateb anghenion gofal cymdeithasol. Nid oes digon o'r math yma o dai yn cael eu codi, ac eto maen nhw'n angenrheidiol er mwyn helpu pobl sydd efo anghenion gofal i fyw yn annibynnol. Ac, yn olaf, mae angen cydnabod beth ydy 'fforddiadwy' mewn gwirionedd, a chydnabod bod fforddiadwyedd yn ymwneud ag incwm. Yn amlwg, mae patrymau gwaith ansefydlog, ynghyd ag incwm isel, yn ei gwneud hi'n anodd i gartrefi rhoi arian o'r neilltu ar gyfer prynu tŷ. Mae beth sy'n fforddiadwy mewn un ardal yn sicr yn wahanol iawn i beth sy'n fforddiadwy mewn ardal arall. Mae gen i aelod o'r teulu sydd yn byw yn Abersoch - mae tŷ fforddiadwy fanna ymhell tu hwnt i beth fyddai tŷ fforddiadwy mewn ardal, efallai, yn Nyffryn Nantlle yn Arfon, ac eto y tu hwnt o bob rheswm i fod yn cael ei alw'n 'fforddiadwy' mewn gwirionedd. Y brif broblem efo fforddiadwyedd ydy'r ffaith bod cyfran pobl ifanc o incwm cenedlaethol cyfartalog wedi gostwng, ac na fydd yna fawr o gynnydd gwirioneddol mewn cyflogau real, tra, ar yr un pryd, mae cyfran mwy o gyflogau yn mynd ar dalu rhent. Ac mae hyn yn arwain at y rhybudd olaf: os rydym ni am weld adeiladu mwy o dai modiwlaidd, mae'n rhaid i ni wneud yn siŵr na fyddan nhw'n cael eu prynu gan landlordiaid prynu i rentu. Mae hynny, hefyd, yn gallu creu problemau di-rif. Yn gryno, felly, oes, mae yna le i dai o'r math yma, yn sicr - ond ddim ond fel rhan o becyn cynhwysfawr o wahanol fathau o dai fforddiadwy.