English: Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition under which the pancreas does not produce insulin. The body requires insulin in order to convert glucose from food into energy and, without it, that glucose remains in the bloodstream leading to high blood sugar levels. Though type 1 diabetes can occur at any age, it is most commonly diagnosed under the age of 15. There are approximately 1,400 children with diabetes in Wales, the vast majority of which - around 96 per cent - have type 1 diabetes. Some of us in this Chamber today will know that the onset of type 1 diabetes can be extremely rapid, as well as extremely dangerous. Unfortunately, awareness of type 1 diabetes and the most common symptoms of the condition do not have a high enough public profile, and improving both the recognition and the diagnosis of type 1 is the primary thrust of this petition. As the effects of undetected type 1 diabetes can be fatal, early diagnosis of the condition is absolutely critical. However, it is also the case that the common symptoms can easily be mistaken for other less dangerous conditions. Those symptoms - known as the four Ts - are crucial to this afternoon's debate. They are: toilet; thirsty; tired; and thinner. And, I feel that, as we may have more than those people just in this Chamber listening to this debate, I'd like to reiterate those four Ts: toilet - an increased need to urinate; thirsty; tired; and thinner. Given that we would hope that we would have a wider audience than this Chamber, I shall again reiterate those points: toilet - an increased need to urinate; thirsty; tired; and thinner. Because of the difficulties in diagnosing type 1, and because of its relative rarity, around a quarter of the cases are not diagnosed until the patient is in diabetic ketoacidosis - I'm sorry if I haven't said that correctly - or, commonly known as DKA. Tragically, this was the situation faced by Peter and his family. Peter was given an on-the-spot diagnosis of type 1 diabetes and DKA by a rapid-response paramedic who had used a finger-prick blood test, on New Year's Day 2015. Twenty-four hours earlier, Peter had been seen by a GP who had diagnosed a chest infection, based upon his symptoms, and prescribed antibiotics, but who had not used a finger-prick test. The paramedic immediately called an ambulance, and Peter was admitted to hospital. Despite the treatment he received, it was too late to save his life. I want to pay a tribute to Peter's family at this point. The petition was submitted by Peter's grandfather, Anthony, and the compassion, drive and clear-sightedness of the whole family has been apparent to the Petitions Committee through our deliberations. In particular, Peter's parents, Beth and Stuart, and his sister, Lia, have courageously strived to ensure that the tragedy experienced by their family should lead to improvements for others. It is also notable how they have conducted their campaign in an extremely positive way. The petition is just one aspect of their efforts to raise public awareness of type 1 diabetes, as well as significant funds for Diabetes UK Cymru. I am convinced that these efforts have already had a major impact, and the whole family should be immensely proud of everything they have achieved so far. Turning now to the committee's report on the petition and to our recommendations, we have considered a wide range of issues in relation to the identification and diagnosis of type 1 diabetes among children and young people. The petition was first received in March 2016. Although the petition refers to 'routine screening' for type 1 amongst children and young people, the committee established that the Baldwin family's primary focus is on the need to improve early diagnosis of type 1 diabetes, and awareness of the condition amongst both health professionals and the public. It has been agreed by all involved in the petition that this would be best achieved through ensuring that the appropriate tests are carried out when a person presents with the four Ts symptoms of type 1.
Welsh: Cyflwr awto-imiwn yw diabetes math 1 lle nad yw'r pancreas yn cynhyrchu inswlin. Mae'r corff angen inswlin er mwyn troi glwcos o fwyd yn egni a hebddo, mae'r glwcos yn aros yn llif y gwaed gan arwain at lefelau siwgr uchel yn y gwaed. Er bod diabetes math 1 yn gallu digwydd ar unrhyw oedran, yn fwyaf arferol gwneir diagnosis ohono mewn plant o dan 15 oed. Mae diabetes ar oddeutu 1,400 o blant yng Nghymru, ac mae'r mwyafrif helaeth ohonynt - tua 96 y cant - yn achosion o ddiabetes math 1. Bydd rhai ohonom yn y Siambr hon heddiw yn gwybod y gall diabetes math 1 ddatblygu'n eithriadol o gyflym, a gall hynny fod yn eithriadol o beryglus. Yn anffodus, nid oes digon o ymwybyddiaeth o ddiabetes math 1 ac nid oes proffil cyhoeddus digon uchel i symptomau mwyaf cyffredin y cyflwr, a gwella adnabyddiaeth a diagnosis o ddiabetes math 1 yw prif fyrdwn y ddeiseb hon. Gan fod effeithiau diabetes math 1 heb ddiagnosis yn gallu bod yn angheuol, mae diagnosis cynnar o'r cyflwr yn gwbl hanfodol. Fodd bynnag, mae'n wir hefyd y gellir camgymryd y symptomau cyffredin yn rhwydd am gyflyrau eraill llai peryglus. Mae'r symptomau hynny - a elwir yn 4T - yn allweddol i'r ddadl hon y prynhawn yma, sef; tŷ bach - awydd i wneud dŵr yn amlach; teimlo'n sychedig; teimlo'n flinedig; teneuach. Ac oherwydd ei bod yn bosibl fod mwy o bobl yn gwrando ar y ddadl hon na'r rhai sydd yn y Siambr, hoffwn ailadrodd y 4T: tŷ bach - awydd i wneud dŵr yn amlach; teimlo'n sychedig; teimlo'n flinedig; teneuach. O ystyried y byddem yn gobeithio y byddai gennym gynulleidfa ehangach na'r un sydd gennym yn y Siambr, rwyf am ailadrodd y pwyntiau hynny eto: tŷ bach - awydd i wneud dŵr yn amlach; teimlo'n sychedig; teimlo'n flinedig; teneuach. Oherwydd yr anawsterau i wneud diagnosis o ddiabetes math 1, ac oherwydd ei fod yn gyflwr cymharol anghyffredin, ni wneir diagnosis o oddeutu chwarter yr achosion hyd nes y bydd y claf mewn cetoasidosis diabetig - mae'n ddrwg gennyf os nad wyf yn ynganu hwnnw'n gywir - neu fe'i gelwir yn fwy cyfarwydd yn DKA. Yn drasig, dyma'r sefyllfa a wynebodd Peter a'i deulu. Rhoddwyd diagnosis o ddiabetes math 1 a DKA yn y fan ar lle i Peter gan barafeddyg ymateb cyflym a oedd wedi defnyddio prawf gwaed pigo bys, a hynny ar Ddydd Calan 2015. Bedair awr ar hugain yn gynharach, roedd Peter wedi gweld meddyg teulu a oedd wedi gwneud diagnosis o haint ar y frest yn seiliedig ar ei symptomau, ac wedi presgripsiynu gwrthfiotigau, ond ni ddefnyddiodd y prawf gwaed pigo bys. Ffoniodd y parafeddyg am ambiwlans ar unwaith, ac aethpwyd â Peter i'r ysbyty. Er gwaethaf y driniaeth a gafodd, roedd hi'n rhy hwyr i achub ei fywyd. Hoffwn dalu teyrnged i deulu Peter ar y pwynt hwn. Cyflwynwyd y ddeiseb gan daid Peter, Anthony, ac mae trugaredd, ysgogiad ac unplygrwydd y teulu cyfan wedi bod yn amlwg i'r Pwyllgor Deisebau drwy gydol ein trafodaethau. Yn fwyaf arbennig, mae rhieni Peter, Beth a Stuart, a'i chwaer, Lia, wedi ymdrechu'n ddewr i sicrhau bod y drasiedi a brofodd y teulu yn arwain at welliannau i eraill. Mae'n werth nodi hefyd eu bod wedi bwrw iddi gyda'u hymgyrch mewn ffordd eithriadol o gadarnhaol. Nid yw'r ddeiseb hon ond yn un agwedd ar eu hymdrechion i godi ymwybyddiaeth y cyhoedd o ddiabetes math 1, yn ogystal â chodi arian sylweddol i Diabetes UK Cymru. Rwy'n argyhoeddedig fod yr ymdrechion hyn eisoes wedi cael effaith fawr, a dylai'r teulu cyfan fod yn eithriadol o falch o bopeth y maent wedi'i gyflawni hyd yma. Gan droi yn awr at adroddiad y pwyllgor ar y ddeiseb ac at ein hargymhellion, rydym wedi ystyried ystod eang o faterion mewn perthynas â chanfod a gwneud diagnosis o ddiabetes math 1 mewn plant a phobl ifanc. Cafodd y ddeiseb ei derbyn gyntaf ym mis Mawrth 2016. Er bod y ddeiseb yn cyfeirio at 'sgrinio rheolaidd' ar gyfer math 1 mewn plant a phobl ifanc, sefydlodd y pwyllgor mai prif ffocws y teulu Baldwin yw'r angen i wella diagnosis cynnar o ddiabetes math 1, ac ymwybyddiaeth o'r cyflwr ymhlith gweithwyr iechyd proffesiynol a'r cyhoedd. Mae pawb sy'n ymwneud â'r ddeiseb wedi cytuno mai'r ffordd orau o gyflawni hyn fyddai drwy sicrhau bod y profion priodol yn cael eu cynnal pan fo unigolyn yn arddangos symptomau'r 4T ar gyfer math 1.