English: We've written out to all higher education institutions in Wales. I've written to all local authorities, so Kirsty Williams has written to all HEIs. I was pleased to see the response from Cardiff, but we have asked all of the vice-chancellors across Wales to provide us with similar information. We have been doing quite a lot of work before the Bolton fire, you will be reassured to know, where we've been in contact with everyone that we were able to be in contact with. I can't say that that's absolutely everybody, because we aren't necessarily certain that we've got quite everybody. But we've written out to all high-rise building owners and managing agents, where we have the contact details, highlighting to them the relevant findings from the recent Grenfell phase 1 inquiry report and asking them to ensure that their residents are clear on what action they should take in the event of a fire. The unfortunate events of last weekend in Bolton are a timely reminder to us all of the need to ensure the highest levels of attention are paid to fire safety in residential property, particularly in high-rise properties with multiple occupants. David Melding will know that the investigation is ongoing as to exactly what happened at the Cube, but what's already apparent is that the dynamic management of potential risk is key to ensuring the safety of residents in the event of a fire. Whilst that fire was devastating and did look - the pictures of it crawling up the outside were particularly awful, considering what we all now know about Grenfell, but it does show that people were able to evacuate safely. It doesn't take anything away from the devastating loss of personal possessions and so on, but they were able to evacuate, and it does show that the current system, although flawed, does work. Greater Manchester Fire and Rescue Service raised concerns about the building with the managing agents, who took appropriate measures to revise their evacuation strategy ahead of putting in place remediation work. So, actually, they had done the right thing, and, fortunately, the residents were able to get out very safely on that night, although, as I say, that's not to take away the devastation of any fire. On the night of that fire, the fire service responded with speed, fighting not only the fire quickly and efficiently, but also supporting a safe and swift evacuation. Fortunately, as I said, although the loss of personal possessions is always devastating, injuries were minimal. What's important to understand is that - so, we've written out to everybody to say this - dynamic fire systems need to be in place. I'm not a personal expert in this, of course, so we've got our fire safety chiefs looking at this and writing and ensuring that building managers and owners are dynamic in their response to fire safety. So, my understanding of this is that it is, where compartmentation has worked, still the right thing to stay put, but buildings need to be inspected very regularly indeed to make sure that is still the right advice, and, if it isn't the right advice, then what to do if the compartmentation - that's really hard to say - has failed or is thought to be inadequate in any way. I'd just like to reiterate the point that containing and extinguishing a fire in a flat where it occurs is safer than organising a mass evacuation, especially in high-rise buildings, where firefighting rescues can be particularly challenging and where evacuating large numbers of people via a single staircase can impede the firefighting effort coming up the building and create its own risks of crushing and trampling. All new and converted blocks of flats have long been constructed so that they have more than one exit in that way, so that we have a route for the fire people to get in and an evacuation route as well. But 'stay put' reflects the intrinsic fabric of all high-rise residential buildings; it is not the policy of the fire and rescue services, the Government or anyone else. It has kept countless residents of flats safe over the years. There's no evidence at all so far from the Grenfell Tower inquiry that would justify a change to that general approach other than to say that we need a dynamic response to that, and, if there is evidence that the compartmentation of a building is compromised, the response may need to shift very rapidly from 'stay put' to 'evacuate'.
Welsh: Rydym wedi ysgrifennu at yr holl sefydliadau addysg uwch yng Nghymru. Rwyf wedi ysgrifennu at bob awdurdod lleol, ac mae Kirsty Williams wedi ysgrifennu at bob sefydliad addysg uwch. Roeddwn yn falch o weld ymateb Caerdydd, ond rydym wedi gofyn i bob is-ganghellor ledled Cymru ddarparu gwybodaeth debyg i ni. Fe fyddwch yn falch o wybod ein bod wedi gwneud cryn dipyn o waith cyn tân Bolton, a buom mewn cysylltiad â phawb y llwyddasom i gysylltu â hwy. Ni allaf ddweud bod hynny'n golygu pawb yn bendant, oherwydd nid ydym o reidrwydd yn sicr ein bod wedi bod mewn cysylltiad â phawb. Ond rydym wedi ysgrifennu at bob asiant rheoli a pherchennog adeilad uchel iawn, lle mae'r manylion cyswllt gennym, i dynnu sylw at y canfyddiadau perthnasol o adroddiad ymchwil cam 1 Grenfell a gofyn iddynt sicrhau bod eu trigolion yn glir ynghylch yr hyn y dylent ei wneud pe bai tân yn digwydd. Mae digwyddiadau anffodus y penwythnos diwethaf yn Bolton yn ein hatgoffa'n amserol o'r angen i sicrhau bod y lefelau uchaf o sylw'n cael eu rhoi i ddiogelwch tân mewn eiddo preswyl, yn enwedig mewn adeiladau uchel iawn gyda nifer o feddianwyr. Bydd David Melding yn gwybod bod yr ymchwiliad yn mynd rhagddo ynglŷn â beth yn union a ddigwyddodd yn y Cube, ond yr hyn sydd eisoes yn amlwg yw bod rheoli risg posibl yn ddeinamig yn allweddol i sicrhau diogelwch preswylwyr os oes tân yn digwydd. Er bod y tân hwnnw'n ddinistriol ac yn edrych - roedd y lluniau ohono'n cropian i fyny ochr allan yr adeilad yn ofnadwy, o ystyried yr hyn a wyddom bellach am Grenfell, ond mae'n dangos bod pobl wedi gallu gadael yr adeilad yn ddiogel. Nid yw'n diystyru'r golled ddinistriol o eiddo personol ac yn y blaen, ond bu modd iddynt adael yr adeilad, ac mae'n dangos bod y system bresennol, er ei bod yn ddiffygiol, yn gweithio. Mynegodd Gwasanaeth Tân ac Achub Manceinion Fwyaf bryderon am yr adeilad wrth yr asiantau rheoli, a rhoddodd y rheini gamau priodol ar waith i adolygu eu strategaeth wacáu cyn gwneud gwaith unioni. Felly, mewn gwirionedd, fe wnaethant y peth iawn, ac yn ffodus, llwyddodd y preswylwyr i adael yr adeilad yn ddiogel iawn y noson honno, er nad yw hynny'n diystyru dinistr unrhyw dân, fel y dywedaf. Ar noson y tân hwnnw, ymatebodd y gwasanaeth tân yn gyflym, gan ddiffodd y tân yn gyflym ac yn effeithlon, yn ogystal â chefnogi proses wacáu ddiogel a sydyn. Yn ffodus, fel y dywedais, er bod colli eiddo personol bob amser yn ddinistriol, prin iawn oedd yr anafiadau. Yr hyn sy'n bwysig ei ddeall - rydym wedi ysgrifennu at bawb i ddweud hyn - yw fod angen cael systemau tân deinamig ar waith. Nid wyf yn arbenigwr personol ar hyn, wrth gwrs, felly mae ein penaethiaid diogelwch tân yn edrych ar hyn ac yn ysgrifennu ac yn sicrhau bod rheolwyr a pherchnogion adeiladau yn ddeinamig yn eu hymateb i ddiogelwch tân. Felly, yn ôl yr hyn rwy'n ei ddeall, lle mae adrannu wedi gweithio, y peth iawn i'w wneud o hyd yw aros, ond mae angen archwilio adeiladau yn rheolaidd iawn er mwyn gwneud yn siŵr mai dyna'r cyngor iawn o hyd, ac os nad dyna'r cyngor iawn, beth y dylid ei wneud os yw adrannu wedi methu neu'n cael ei ystyried yn annigonol mewn unrhyw ffordd. Hoffwn ailadrodd y pwynt fod cyfyngu tân a'i ddiffodd yn y fflat lle mae'n digwydd yn fwy diogel na threfnu proses wacáu fawr, yn enwedig mewn adeiladau uchel iawn, lle gall y broses o ddiffodd tân fod yn arbennig o heriol, a lle gall niferoedd mawr o bobl sy'n gadael adeilad ar hyd grisiau sengl rwystro ymdrechion y diffoddwyr tân i ddod i fyny, yn ogystal â chreu peryglon eraill fel gwasgu a sathru. Ers tro byd, caiff yr holl flociau o fflatiau a adeiladir o'r newydd neu a addasir eu hadeiladu gyda mwy nag un allanfa, fel bod gennym lwybr i'r diffoddwyr tân i mewn i'r adeilad yn ogystal â llwybr i'r preswylwyr adael yr adeilad. Ond mae 'arhoswch lle rydych chi' yn adlewyrchiad o wead cynhenid pob adeilad preswyl uchel iawn; nid yw'n bolisi gan y gwasanaethau tân ac achub, y Llywodraeth na neb arall. Mae wedi cadw preswylwyr fflatiau dirifedi yn ddiogel dros y blynyddoedd. Nid oes unrhyw dystiolaeth o gwbl hyd yn hyn o ymchwiliad Tŵr Grenfell a fyddai'n cyfiawnhau newid i'r ymagwedd gyffredinol honno heblaw dweud bod angen ymateb deinamig i hynny, ac os oes tystiolaeth bod adrannu adeilad yn beryglus, efallai y bydd angen i'r ymateb newid yn gyflym iawn o 'arhoswch lle rydych chi' i 'gadewch yr adeilad'.