techiaith/cofnodycynulliad_en-cy huggingface dataset:
English: There is a broader risk too, if you think of professional journalists working in journalism in Wales. There are fewer of those available today; there are more people working in PR now in Wales than are working in journalism. So, again, as a principle, we would want to see journalists being paid and working in Wales to provide Welsh news.
Welsh: Mae yna berygl mwy eang, hefyd, os ydych chi'n meddwl amdano fe, o ran cael newyddiadurwyr proffesiynol yn gweithio yn y maes newyddiaduraeth yng Nghymru. Mae llai a llai o'r rheini heddiw yn bodoli; mae yna fwy o bobl yn gweithio yn y maes PR erbyn hyn yng Nghymru nac sydd mewn newyddiaduriaeth. Felly, eto, fel egwyddor, byddwn ni'n moyn gweld newyddiadurwyr yn cael eu talu ac yn gweithio yng Nghymru i ddarparu newyddion Cymru.
English: Well, at the moment, it's entirely practicable. The providers have their news centres in Wales and they do work as teams to provide those services.
Welsh: Wel, ar hyn o bryd, mae'n hollol ymarferol. Mae gan y darparwyr eu canolfannau newyddion nhw yng Nghymru ac maen nhw yn gweithio mewn timoedd i ddarparu'r gwasanaeth.
English: The nature of the regulation means that we have no real power to talk of quality in those terms. I think we just have to mesure it from a factual point of view. That's the nature of the regulation and the nature of the powers of Ofcom.
Welsh: Mae natur y rheoleiddio yn golygu bod dim pwerau gyda ni i sôn am ansawdd yn y ffordd yna. Hynny yw, rwy'n credu ein bod ni'n gorfod jest ei fesur e o safbwynt ffeithiol - hwn yw natur y rheoleiddio a natur pwerau Ofcom, a dweud y gwir.
English: That's a very good point. The style and the way radio works is going to be down to the providers, but I think that the audience will ultimately decide. If you maintain a service and stuff it with as much commercial content as possible, then it's going to get to the point where people just won't listen. I think that there is demand - and evidence shows that there is a demand among the public for a proper service in terms of news provision and information provision and I think that's quite central to the nature of commercial radio.
Welsh: Mae hwnnw'n bwynt da. Mae'r steil ac fel y mae radio'n gweithio yn mynd i fod i lawr i'r darparwyr, ond rwy'n credu efallai mai'r gwrandawyr yn y diwedd fydd yn penderfynu. Os rŷch chi'n cymryd gwasanaeth a'i stwffio fe gyda chymaint o gynnwys masnachol, mae jest yn mynd i'r pwynt lle mae pobl yn ffaelu gwrando arno fe - maen nhw jest yn mynd i ffwrdd. Rwy'n credu bod yna alw - mae'r dystiolaeth yn dangos bod yna alw ymysg y cyhoedd am wasanaeth call o ran darpariaeth newyddion a gwybodaeth. Mae hwnnw'n eithaf creiddiol rwy'n credu i natur radio masnachol.
English: You say that there is evidence to show that the listeners want news. Where can we get a hold of that evidence?
Welsh: Rydych yn sôn fod yna dystiolaeth i ddangos fod y gwrandawyr eisiau newyddion. Ym mhle fedrwn ni gael gafael ar y dystiolaeth yna?
English: The evidence is gathered by Ofcom, and the DCMS in their consultation too. They held workshops, for example, across the UK discussing these issues with the industry.
Welsh: Mae'r dystiolaeth yn cael ei chasglu can Ofcom, wrth gwrs, ac rwy'n credu hefyd gan y DCMS yn eu hymgynghoriad nhw. Maen nhw'n sôn am, er enghraifft, weithdai wnaethon nhw gynnal ar draws y Deyrnas Unedig yn trafod y cwestiynau yma gyda'r diwydiant.
English: Has any research been undertaken into how much news from Wales listeners in Wales want to receive?
Welsh: A oes yna unrhyw ymchwil wedi cael ei wneud i faint o newyddion o Gymru y mae gwrandawyr yng Nghymru yn dymuno ei gael?
English: I can't speak directly on behalf of Ofcom, but there's a great deal of information in the work that Ofcom has carried out through the communications market report and other studies, such as media literacy and people's attitudes to and use of the media.
Welsh: Allaf i ddim siarad ar ran Ofcom yn uniongyrchol, ond mae lot o wybodaeth yn y gwaith y mae Ofcom yn ei wneud trwy, er enghraifft, y farchnad cyfathrebiadau ac astudiaethau eraill, er enghraifft, llythrennedd cyfryngol ac agweddau pobl tuag at a defnydd o'r cyfryngau.
English: Okay. Thank you.
Welsh: Iawn. Diolch yn fawr.
English: It would be very useful for the committee to receive any evidence for our inquiry, I think, on those particular issues.
Welsh: Byddai'n ddefnyddiol iawn i'r pwyllgor gael unrhyw fath o dystiolaeth ar gyfer ein hymchwiliad ni, rydw i'n meddwl, ar y meysydd yna yn benodol.
English: We're talking about legislation pertinent to commercial radio -
Welsh: Rŷm ni'n sôn am ddeddfwriaeth sy'n berthnasol i radio masnachol -
English: It's important to bear in mind here that what drives the policy, of course, is the work of the DCMS in Government - in this context, they are carrying out the consultation and putting the policy ideas in place. So, in a way, these questions should be referred to them.
Welsh: Mae'n bwysig cofio fan hyn hefyd beth sy'n gyrru'r polisi, wrth gwrs, yw gwaith y Llywodraeth yn DCMS - nhw sydd, yn y cyd-destun yma, y tro hyn, yn gwneud yr ymgynghori ac sy'n gosod y syniadau polisi. Felly, mewn ffordd, atyn nhw y mae'r cwestiwn yn codi.
English: Well, these are questions that we can raise with other witnesses, I'm sure, as we go through this inquiry.
Welsh: Wel, mae'r rhain yn gwestiynau y gallwn ni eu codi efo pobl eraill, rwy'n siŵr, wrth symud ymlaen â'r ymchwiliad yma.
English: Good. We turn now to community radio, and Neil has some questions.
Welsh: Gwd. Troi rŵan at radio cymunedol, a Neil.
English: The answer is 'more sustainable than it was in the past', because there have been policy changes, again through a DCMS consultation, where changes have been put in place, and one of the main ones that affected particularly stations in north Wales was the ability to raise commercial funds in addition to receiving public funds and relying on volunteers. So, in the case of a number of north Wales stations, under the old system, they couldn't advertise or take any commercial income, but now they can raise £15,000 in basic income and, from there on in, they can generate further commercial income, as long as it's balanced against the public funds and the volunteer hours provided. So, it's good news, and the study did demonstrate that that was a level where most of the stations could maintain themselves. They do vary, of course, but, generally, as a principle, that was of great assistance in terms of providing sustainability.
Welsh: Yr ateb, ryw'n credu, yw 'mwy nag oedd e yn y gorffennol', achos mae yna newidiadau polisi, eto, fel mae'n digwydd, trwy ymgynghoriad a wnaeth y DCMS, lle mae newidiadau wedi digwydd, ac un o'r prif rai wnaeth effeithio yn enwedig ar orsafoedd yng ngogledd Cymru oedd y gallu i godi arian masnachol yn ogystal â derbyn arian cyhoeddus a dibynnu ar wirfoddolwyr. Felly, yn achos nifer o orsafoedd yn y gogledd am y tro cyntaf, o dan yr hen drefn, nid oedden nhw'n gallu hysbysebu na chynnal unrhyw arian masnachol, ond nawr, o leiaf, maen nhw'n gallu godi £15,000 o incwm sylfaenol ac wedyn, o hynny ymlaen, maen nhw'n gallu codi rhagor o incwm masnachol, dim ond ei fod e'n cael ei gydbwyso yn erbyn incwm cyhoeddus a hefyd oriau gwirfoddoli. So, mae'n newyddion da, ac roedd yr astudiaeth yn dangos bod honno'n lefel lle oedd y rhan fwyaf o'r gorsafoedd yn gallu cynnal a chadw eu hunain. Maen nhw yn amrywio lot, wrth gwrs, ond, ar y cyfan, fel egwyddor, roedd hwnnw wedi helpu lot gyda eu gallu i fod yn cynnal gwasanaethau, felly.
English: It's an issue of balance. We must ensure that community radio can survive and develop, but, on the other hand, that it doesn't have too much of an impact on the ability of commercial radio to work in a difficult commercial environment. So, it's important that you strike that right balance. I think that the policy as it stands is far fairer for community services, and it gives the sector an opportunity to develop, but in a way that doesn't overly undermine the ability of commercial radio to operate. So, I feel that the situation is fair. I think that there's an opportunity there for community radio to assist in providing elements of local news and to help with citizenship, for example, in a way that would not perhaps be as possible for commercial radio, because of the way it works.
Welsh: Mae yn fater o gydbwysedd. Mae'n rhaid gwneud yn siŵr bod radio cymunedol yn gallu parhau a datblygu, ond, ar y llaw arall, nad yw'n goreffeithio ar allu radio masnachol i weithredu mewn amgylchfyd cystadleuol, masnachol, anodd. Felly, mae'n bwysig cael y cydbwysedd yna yn iawn. Rwy'n teimlo mai'r polisi nawr, a dweud y gwir, llawer yn decach, efallai, ar radio cymunedol, ac mae'n rhoi'r cyfle i'r sector ddatblygu, ond mewn ffordd, fel yr oeddwn i'n dweud, sydd ddim yn gor-danseilio neu oreffeithio ar allu radio masnachol i weithredu, sydd felly, rwy'n teimlo, yn sefyllfa deg. Ac rwy'n credu bod yna gyfle, felly, i radio cymunedol allu helpu gyda darparu elfennau o newyddion lleol a helpu gyda dinasyddiaeth, er enghraifft, mewn ffyrdd efallai a fyddai'n llai posibl i radio masnachol, oherwydd y ffordd y mae'n gweithio.
English: Well, there were two sources, and one still exists, of course. Ofcom, of course, also has a fund for community radio. But that, of course, is open to all stations across the UK, over 200 of them. So, there'll be huge competition for a relatively small amount of money. What was excellent about the Welsh Government's programme at the time was that it was restricted to Wales and restricted to the nine or 10 stations broadcasting at that time. That made a great deal of sense in terms of fairness to the sector and certainly it was of great assistance. It assisted in allowing the employment of temporary staff to make improvements in terms of income generation and grants and so on. So, that was of great assistance. Speaking from a personal point of view, I'm sure the sector would welcome such a development if it were to reoccur.
Welsh: Wel, roedd yna ddwy ffynhonnell, ac mae un yn dal i fodoli, wrth gwrs. Mae Ofcom, wrth gwrs, hefyd yn rhedeg cronfa ar gyfer radio cymunedol. Ond, wrth gwrs, mae'n rhaid i honno fod ar agor i holl orsafoedd ar draws y Deyrnas Unedig, dros 200 ohonyn nhw erbyn hyn. Felly, bydd lot fawr o gystadleuaeth am swm weddol fach o arian. Beth oedd yn wych amboutu cynllun Llywodraeth Cymru ar y pryd oedd ei fod wedi'i gyfyngu i Gymru ac felly wedi'i gyfyngu i'r naw neu 10 orsaf oedd ar yr awyr ar y pryd. Roedd hynny'n gwneud lot o synnwyr o safbwynt tegwch i'r sector, ac yn sicr roedd o gymorth mawr. Roedd wedi helpu o ran gallu cyflogi staff dros dro i helpu gyda gwella'r ochr o godi incwm ar gyfer gorsafoedd - cynnig am grantiau ac yn y blaen. Byddai'r math hwnnw o beth wedi bod yn lot o help. Yn siarad o safbwynt personol, rwy'n siŵr y byddai'r sector yn croesawu'r cyfle hwnnw eto pe bai'n digwydd felly.
English: This time, with this period of licensing, Ofcom received around seven declarations of interest in developing community services around Wales. So, that's a good sign, I think, and it shows the level of interest.
Welsh: Y tro hwn, gyda'r cyfnod yma o drwyddedu, gwnaeth Ofcom dderbyn o amgylch saith datganiad o ddiddordeb mewn datblygu gwasanaethau cymunedol o amgylch Cymru. Felly, mae hwnnw'n arwydd da, rwy'n credu, ac mae'n dangos y lefel o ddiddordeb.
English: This is very interesting because there's been a great deal of concern that there is no way for community radio, which is often broadcast on VHF and FM, to develop into DAB radio. As it stands, the DAB licensing regime for multiplexes, either on a regional level or on a UK level, the costs of implementing that for community radio are too high. There are other problems relating to the fact that the licensing methods don't really work for the community sector in that regard. So, Ofcom did some work two years ago - research - where they ran a number of stations using new technology that worked on far more restricted areas than the current DAB areas, which used cheaper technology and far cheaper software. They demonstrated that it was possible to broadcast in DAB in those areas, and that would be a much more appropriate model for community radio and also small commercial radio stations. So, that was a major success. Since then, DCMS has passed additional legislation to allow new ways of licensing. They now intend to move forward to collaborate with Ofcom to develop new licences with regard to local multiplexes, and licences for the multiplex, to develop that as a way of getting community radio on DAB in the next year or two. Unfortunately, none of the trials that took place were held in Wales, but they were just trying out the technology just to show that the principle was the correct one. That was the important thing.
Welsh: Mae hwn yn ddiddorol iawn achos mae lot wedi poeni nad oes ffordd i radio cymunedol, sy'n cael ei ddarlledu gan amlaf ar VHF ac FM, ddatblygu mewn i radio digidol DAB. Fel mae'n sefyll, o ran y gyfundrefn DAB o drwyddedu ar gyfer amlblethiadau, naill ar lefel rhanbarthol neu ar lefel ar draws y Deyrnas Unedig, mae'r costau o weithredu hynny ar gyfer radio cymunedol yn rhy uchel. Mae yna broblemau eraill hefyd ynglŷn â'r ffaith nad yw'r ffyrdd o drwyddedu'n gweithio ar gyfer y sector cymunedol. Felly, gwnaeth Ofcom waith ddwy flynedd yn ôl - gwaith ymchwil - lle y gwnaethon nhw redeg nifer o orsafoedd gan ddefnyddio technoleg newydd a oedd yn gweithio ar ardaloedd llawer mwy cyfyng na'r ardaloedd DAB presennol, a oedd yn defnyddio technoleg rhad a meddalwedd lot rhatach. Fe wnaethon nhw brofi bod modd darlledu gwasanaethau DAB mewn lleoliadau, ac y byddai hwnnw'n fodel llawer mwy addas ar gyfer radio cymunedol a hefyd gorsafoedd radio masnachol bach. Felly, roedd hwnnw'n llwyddiant mawr. Oddi ar hynny, mae DCMS wedi pasio deddfwriaeth ychwanegol i ganiatáu ffyrdd newydd o drwyddedu. Maen nhw'n awr yn bwriadu symud ymlaen i gydweithio ag Ofcom i ddatblygu trwyddedau newydd o ran plethiadau lleol, a hefyd trwyddedau ar gyfer y plethiad, i ddatblygu hwn fel ffordd o gael radio cymunedol i fynd ar DAB, a hynny yn y flwyddyn neu ddwy nesaf. Yn anffodus, o ran y treialon a wnaeth ddigwydd, nid oedd un ohonynt wedi cael ei gynnal yng Nghymru, fel mae'n digwydd. Ond, treialon technegol oedden nhw, mewn gwirionedd, a oedd yn dangos bod yr egwyddor yn gweithio. Dyna oedd y peth pwysig.
English: Thank you very much. We'll turn now to BBC radio in Wales. We've touched on this already, and I'm sure that Lee has more specific questions on the BBC.
Welsh: Diolch yn fawr. Gwnawn ni droi rŵan at radio'r BBC yng Nghymru. Rydym wedi cyffwrdd â hwn yn barod, ond rydw i'n siŵr bod gan Lee fwy o gwestiynau penodol am y BBC.
English: Well, the point is made in our paper that the reach of commercial radio in Wales is far greater than the reach of the BBC services for Wales. But as Glyn says, we don't have any answers in this area, but it's an important question in terms of citizenship and news from Wales in terms of the use of services and BBC services in particular. It's important, and you could argue, in a way, that the BBC is the only organisation providing comprehensive news of any depth about Wales. So, it's very important.
Welsh: Wel, mae'r pwynt wedi'i wneud yn ein papur ni, er enghraifft, fod cyrhaeddiad radio masnachol yng Nghymru lawer yn uwch na chyrhaeddiad gwasanaethau y BBC ar gyfer Cymru. Fel y mae Glyn yn ei ddweud, nid oes gennym atebion ar gyfer hynny, o reidrwydd, ond mae e'n gwestiwn pwysig o safbwynt dinasyddiaeth ac o safbwynt newyddion am Gymru o ran y defnydd o wasanaethau y BBC. Mae'n bwysig cofio mai - . Mewn ffordd, gallech chi ddadlau mai'r BBC yw'r unig gorff sy'n darparu newyddion cynhwysfawr o unrhyw ddyfnder, mewn ffordd, ar gyfer Cymru. So, mae e'n bwysig iawn i ni.
English: Well, I could add to that: that the range of choice of in commercial radio is less than it is in the rest of the UK. As a sector, we have already seen that the revenues are lower. One could argue that the foundations of commercial radio in Wales are weaker than in other parts of the UK. And, also, the range of choice available, not just on FM, but DAB too, is far lower. So, there are factors such as that obviously playing into why there are perhaps fewer listeners of commercial radio in Wales as compared to the rest of the UK certainly. Is there a question also on the model? The model works in England because it is still, to a certain extent, based around more specific areas, but where you are broadcasting to far larger areas, with a sparser population, does that make it more difficult for you to make a link with your audience? In this context, it's interesting to note Pembrokeshire commercial radio station. Because it's a better defined area, then perhaps they find it easier to reach that audience and create that relationship with their audience, and the RAJAR figures for them have historically been quite good because there's less competition too of course. But that's perhaps a sign of how commercial radio could work. I agree with Glyn; we don't have a great deal of specific evidence here, but these are just factors that play into the mix, I think. I think more research is required.
Welsh: Wel, byddai modd adio at hynny, rwy'n credu. Mae'r ystod o ddewis o radio masnachol yng Nghymru yn llai na gweddill y Deyrnas Unedig. Fel sector, rydym ni wedi gweld yn barod bod y refeniws yn is. Mae modd dadlau efallai fod seiliau radio masnachol yng Nghymru yn wannach nag mewn ardaloedd eraill o'r Deyrnas Unedig. Hefyd, mae'r ystod o ddewis ar, nid jest yr FM, ond ar DAB hefyd, llawer yn is. So, mae ffactorau fel yna yn amlwg yn chwarae mewn i pam efallai fod yna lai o wrandawyr ar radio masnachol yng Nghymru o gymharu â gweddill y Deyrnas Unedig yn sicr. A oes hefyd cwestiwn yn codi ynglŷn â'r model? Hynny yw, mae'r model yn gweithio yn Lloegr achos mae'n dal, i ryw raddau, wedi'i seilio rownd ardaloedd mwy penodedig, ond pan rydych chi'n darlledu i ardaloedd lot mwy, gyda llai o boblogaeth mewn unrhyw ardal, a ydy hynny'n gwneud e'n fwy anodd i chi greu cysylltiad â'ch cynulleidfa chi? Yn y cyd-destun yma, mi fydd yn ddiddorol sylwi ar, er enghraifft, radio sir Benfro sy'n radio masnachol. Efallai oherwydd bod e'n ardal sydd wedi cael ei ddiffinio mwy, mae efallai'n rhwyddach cyrraedd y gynulleidfa a chreu cysylltiad agos gyda'r gynulleidfa, ac mae eu ffigurau RAJAR nhw, ar y cyfan, wedi bod, yn hanesyddol, yn reit dda, achos mae llai o gystadleuaeth hefyd. Ond mae hynny efallai'n arwydd o fel byddai radio masnachol yn gallu gweithio, Ond, rwy'n cytuno â Glyn, nid oes gennym ni lot o dystiolaeth penodol, jest ffactorau yw'r rhain, rwy'n credu, sydd yn y mix. Mae angen mwy o ymchwil mewn gwirionedd.
English: The problem facing Radio Cymru 2 on DAB is the same as the problem facing Radio Wales and Radio Cymru. These services are carried on a commercial multiplex, on a local level, and the problem with mid Wales is that there is no provision at the moment because of the cost of the media. So, it raises a question as to whether it is the most effective way. But the service, of course, is available in a number of other ways. For example, you can access it online and on Freeview and so on. So, the BBC has been quite careful, I think, in ensuring that there is provision across a number of platforms, not just DAB.
Welsh: Y peth yw, mae'r broblem sydd yn wynebu Radio Cymru 2 ar DAB yr un peth â'r broblem sy'n wynebu Radio Wales a Radio Cymru. Hynny yw, mae'r gwasanaethau yma yn cael eu cario ar amlbleth masnachol lleol, a'r trafferth gyda chanolbarth Cymru yw nad oes darpariaeth ar hyn o bryd oherwydd costau'r cyfrwng. Felly, mae'n codi'r cwestiwn a ydy e'n fwy effeithiol. Wrth gwrs, mae'r gwasanaeth ar gael hefyd mewn nifer o ffyrdd eraill. Er enghraifft, rydych chi'n gallu cael e ar y rhyngrwyd, ac wrth gwrs ar deledu Freeview ac yn y blaen. Felly, mae'r BBC wedi bod yn eithaf gofalus, rwy'n credu, i wneud yn siŵr bod yna ddarpariaeth ar draws sawl llwybr, nid jest y DAB, wrth gwrs.
English: No, not to us. I think that's a matter for the BBC. That's the kind of decision the BBC has to make in terms of providing its services. And that's down to the research that they will have conducted and their information about audiences and so on. It's not something with which we could get involved.
Welsh: Dim i ni, na. Rwy'n credu mai mater i'r BBC yw hynny. Dyna'r math o benderfyniad mae'r BBC yn gorfod gwneud o safbwynt gweithredu eu gwasanaethau nhw. Mae hynny lawr i'r ymchwil byddan nhw wedi'i gynnal a'u gwybodaeth nhw o'r gynulleidfa. Nid yw'n rhywbeth y byddem ni'n gallu ymwneud ag e.
English: Could I correct that? In our paper, we say that we are talking about the local multiplexes - the small-scale multiplexes - where the BBC wouldn't have that automatic 'must carry' right. As far as I know, there is no mention in terms of the arrangements for the commercial multiplexes currently in existence where the BBC has that must-carry status, and that will remain. There are going to be no changes, as far as I know, to that. The issue with these new, local, small-scale multiplexes is that what the DCMS consultation says is that they wouldn't necessarily provide this right initially for the BBC to have that must-carry status, but there would be nothing stopping the BBC from applying where that would assist with the availability of services more generally. So, for example, if there was a local multiplex somewhere in mid Wales where the DAB reception for Radio Cymru isn't particularly good, then the BBC could apply to be carried on that local multiplex in order to enhance the availability of Radio Cymru. So, it's a different question in terms of the way the BBC is carried on the current commercial local radio multiplexes, if that makes sense.
Welsh: A allaf gywiro hynny? Yn ein papur ni, rŷm ni'n dweud mai ar gyfer y plethiadau lleol newydd yma rŷm ni'n sôn am - y rhai graddfa bach - na fyddai gan y BBC yr hawl awtomatig i gael ei gario arnynt. Mor bell ag yr wyf fi'n gwybod, nid oes unrhyw sôn am newid y trefniadau ynglyn â'r plethiadau masnachol presennol sy'n bodoli sydd yng Nghymru, ac mae gan y BBC yr hawl i wasanaethau gael eu cario ar rheini. Mae hwnnw'n parhau ac nid oes dim newid mor bell ag yr wyf fi'n gwybod. Y peth gyda'r plethiadau newydd, lleol yma rydym ni'n sôn amdanynt, y rhai graddfa bach - beth mae ymgynghoriad y DCMS yn dweud yw na fyddan nhw ddim o reidrwydd yn rhoi'r hawl yma yn y lle cyntaf, felly, i'r BBC i gael eu cario ar y gwasanaethau yma, ond byddai dim byd i stopio'r BBC rhag gwneud cais i gael eu cario lle byddai hyn yn helpu gydag argaeledd y gwasanaeth yn fwy cyffredinol. So, er enghraifft, pe bai yna, dywedwn ni, blethiad lleol yn digwydd rhywle yng nghanolbarth Cymru lle mae nad yw derbyniad DAB Radio Cymru ar hyn o bryd ddim yn arbennig o dda, byddai, efallai, y BBC yn gallu gwneud cais i gael eu cario ar y plethiad yna er mwyn gallu ehangu argaeledd Radio Cymru. Mae'n gwestiwn gwahanol, felly, i'r ffordd mae'r BBC yn cael ei gario nawr ar y plethiadau radio masnachol lleol presennol, os mae hynny'n gwneud synnwyr.
English: Could you just explain to a pure layperson what a multiplex is?
Welsh: A fedrwch chi jest egluro i leygwr pur beth ydy plethiad?
English: Because -
Welsh: Oherwydd -
English: It's not the case that it couldn't happen in the future if the economic and business models change, but one thing that's difficult with DAB is that the costs of implementation are so high and have remained high. What's interesting about the new, small-scale DAB scheme is that it provides a way of making DAB provision at far lower cost, possibly, and in terms of the market and competition, that's very healthy indeed.
Welsh: Nid yw hynny i ddweud na allai ddigwydd yn y dyfodol, wrth gwrs, os mae sefyllfa economaidd y busnes yn newid. Un peth sydd yn anodd gyda DAB yw bod y costau o weithredu DAB mor uchel ac wedi aros yn uchel, yn draddodiadol, ers blynyddoedd. Beth sy'n ddiddorol am gynllun newydd graddfa bach DAB yw ei fod e'n cynnig ffordd o ddarparu DAB, o bosib, ar gostau llawer yn is. Ac rydw i'n credu, o safbwynt y farchnad a chystadleuaeth, mae hynny'n beth iach iawn.
English: Thank you. I understand it all now.
Welsh: Diolch. Rydw i'n deall y peth yn well rŵan.