English: I thank you very much for those questions and also thank you for the very constructive session that we had with committee in which we explored in quite some detail the aspects of physical activity to which you referred. You asked about the statistics - the figure of £51 million as a cost to the NHS every year in terms of the lack of physical activity. That figure was given to us by Public Health Wales. They've done a scoping exercise, looking at the economic cost of various things such as domestic violence, mental health, physical inactivity, smoking and many other aspects as well in a new document called 'Making a Difference'. It's a shorter document, but underpinned by a robust evidence base, looking at these various aspects. Although this just specifically relates to the physical inactivity's cost to the NHS, obviously there is a much wider cost in terms of costs to the economy, for example, costs to people's own quality of life and so on, as well. So, this was just looking at one of those aspects. You talked about the importance of getting children engaged with active travel at a very, very early stage in their lives, and we're completely on the same page there. I think our eco-schools programme has a particular role to play in that. Over 860 schools in Wales have already achieved the international Green Flag award for the work that they've been doing on eco-schools and, as part of that, they've been looking at things - there are walk-to-school days, for example, and walking-bus programmes. Schools have junior road safety officers, and in some of those schools they'll be making bespoke parking tickets to put on the cars of parents who have perhaps parked insensitively and inappropriately on pavements and so on outside schools. I think that having a message perhaps from a child that is handwritten is much more powerful than politicians and others telling parents where they should and shouldn't park and so on. I think children have a really important role to play in this particular agenda. We're trying to make sure that children are also safe on the roads from the youngest age as well, which is why, through the Cabinet Secretary for Economy and Infrastructure's department, we're identifying and creating safe routes to schools for walking and cycling, and that's very central to the active travel Act. Nearly £800,000 is also paid to local authorities for child pedestrian training, and 17,000 primary school children have benefited from that. That's about helping children have confidence to walk to school, but also making them understand what they need to do to keep themselves safe whilst doing so. Over £0.5 million is also paid to local authorities for national standard cycle training, which benefits 15,000 primary school pupils a year as well. Cardiff is receiving a grant at the moment to pilot some new approaches to refresher training for children as well, because we can teach this at a certain point, but then we want to see whether there is a benefit actually to offering refresher training and perhaps more detailed training that is more age-appropriate for them as they grow older. On the issue of infrastructure, we've made it very clear - and I spoke to my colleague, the Cabinet Secretary, earlier about this today as well - how important it is that the major infrastructure projects and all infrastructure projects have active travel at the heart, really, because we have an Act in Wales that is there to promote active travel. So, it should be done looking at integrated transport in the wider sense, so including walking and cycling opportunities as well.
Welsh: Rwy'n diolch yn fawr iawn am y cwestiynau hynny a hefyd yn diolch i chi am y sesiwn adeiladol iawn a gawsom gyda'r pwyllgor lle gwnaethom archwilio mewn cryn fanylder yr agweddau ar weithgarwch corfforol y gwnaethoch chi gyfeirio atynt. Gwnaethoch chi ofyn am yr ystadegau - y ffigur £51 miliwn fel cost i'r GIG bob blwyddyn o ran y diffyg gweithgarwch corfforol. Rhoddwyd y ffigur hwnnw i ni gan Iechyd Cyhoeddus Cymru. Maen nhw wedi gwneud ymarfer cwmpasu, gan edrych ar gost economaidd amrywiol bethau megis trais yn y cartref, iechyd meddwl, diffyg gweithgarwch corfforol, ysmygu a llawer o agweddau eraill hefyd mewn dogfen newydd o'r enw 'Gwneud Gwahaniaeth'. Mae'n ddogfen fyrrach, ond yn ddogfen sy'n seiliedig ar dystiolaeth gadarn, sy'n edrych ar yr amrywiol agweddau hyn. Er bod hyn dim ond yn ymwneud â chost yr anweithgarwch corfforol i'r GIG yn benodol, yn amlwg ceir cost llawer mwy o ran costau i'r economi, er enghraifft, costau i ansawdd bywyd unigolion ac yn y blaen, hefyd. Felly, dim ond edrych ar un o'r agweddau yn unig oedd hyn. Soniasoch am bwysigrwydd cael plant i gymryd diddordeb mewn teithio llesol yn gynnar iawn, iawn yn eu bywydau, ac rydym yn cytuno'n llwyr â hynny. Credaf fod ein rhaglen eco-ysgolion yn allweddol er mwyn cyflawni hynny. Mae dros 860 o ysgolion yng Nghymru eisoes wedi ennill gwobr ryngwladol y Faner Werdd am y gwaith y maent wedi bod yn ei wneud yn rhan o'r rhaglen eco-ysgolion ac, yn rhan o hynny, maen nhw wedi bod yn edrych ar bethau - ceir diwrnodau cerdded i'r ysgol, er enghraifft, a rhaglenni bws cerdded. Mae gan ysgolion swyddogion iau ar gyfer diogelwch ar y ffyrdd, ac mewn rhai o'r ysgolion hynny byddant yn gwneud tocynnau parcio pwrpasol i roi ar geir rhieni sydd efallai wedi parcio'n flêr ac yn amhriodol ar balmentydd ac ati, y tu allan i ysgolion. Credaf efallai fod derbyn neges gan blentyn sydd wedi'i hysgrifennu â llaw yn llawer mwy pwerus na gwleidyddion a phobl eraill yn dweud wrth rieni lle y dylent a lle na ddylent barcio ac yn y blaen. Yn fy marn i, mae gan blant swyddogaeth bwysig iawn yn yr agenda benodol hon. Rydym hefyd yn ceisio gwneud yn siŵr bod plant yn ddiogel ar y ffyrdd, a hynny o oedran ifanc iawn, a dyna pam, drwy adran Ysgrifennydd y Cabinet dros yr Economi a'r Seilwaith, rydym yn nodi a chreu llwybrau diogel i ysgolion ar gyfer cerdded a beicio, ac mae hynny'n ganolog iawn i'r Ddeddf teithio llesol. Mae bron £800,000 hefyd yn cael ei dalu i awdurdodau lleol ar gyfer hyfforddiant yn ymwneud â phlant sy'n cerdded, ac mae 17,000 o blant ysgolion cynradd wedi elwa ar hynny. Ei fwriad yw helpu plant i fagu'r hyder i gerdded i'r ysgol, ond hefyd sicrhau eu bod yn deall yr hyn y mae angen iddynt ei wneud i gadw eu hunain yn ddiogel wrth gerdded. Mae dros £0.5 miliwn hefyd yn cael ei dalu i awdurdodau lleol ar gyfer hyfforddiant beicio o safon genedlaethol, sydd hefyd o fudd i 15,000 o ddisgyblion ysgolion cynradd y flwyddyn. Mae Caerdydd hefyd yn derbyn grant ar hyn o bryd i dreialu rhai dulliau newydd o ddarparu hyfforddiant diweddaru i blant, oherwydd gallwn addysgu hyn ar adeg benodol, ond wedyn rydym eisiau gweld a oes budd mewn gwirionedd o gynnig hyfforddiant diweddaru ac efallai hyfforddiant manylach sy'n fwy addas i'w hoedran nhw wrth iddynt fynd yn hŷn. Ynglŷn â'r mater yn ymwneud â seilwaith, rydym wedi nodi'n glir - a gwnes i siarad gyda'm cydweithiwr, Ysgrifennydd y Cabinet, yn gynharach am hyn heddiw hefyd - pa mor bwysig yw hi fod teithio llesol wrth wraidd y prif brosiectau seilwaith a phob prosiect seilwaith, mewn gwirionedd, gan fod gennym Ddeddf yng Nghymru yn benodol i hyrwyddo teithio llesol. Felly, dylid gwneud hynny drwy ganolbwyntio ar drafnidiaeth integredig mewn cyd-destun ehangach, gan gynnwys cyfleoedd cerdded a beicio hefyd.