English: Can I thank the Minister for her statement? I know that she's very sincere in her beliefs about the need for this particular ban, and she will understand that I have been opposing the smacking ban that the Government is proposing. I'm very concerned, obviously, about the potential criminalisation of many tens of thousands of decent, loving parents across Wales who use the occasional smack to discipline their children, and I do believe that the overwhelming majority of parents know where to draw the line between reasonable chastisement and child abuse. We've got comprehensive legislation that is already in place to deal with the abuse of children, and people quite rightly are prosecuted using the existing legislation, and they should face the consequences of the law in that regard. But I am concerned about the potential impact of this on parents, particularly given that your own explanatory memorandum draws out some of those potential impacts, in terms of them having a criminal record, this appearing on their Disclosure and Barring Service disclosure, and the impact that that then has on their employment - prohibiting them from certain roles and jobs, and the restrictions that it might place on them being able to travel overseas to certain countries. And I know that you've said that it's not your intention to criminalise parents - I understand that that's not your intention - your intention is to promote positive patenting. But the reality is that that is what will actually happen - that anybody who smacks a child after this law is changed will be regarded as a criminal. So, I am very concerned about that and I wonder what you're going to do to ensure that the application of this law, should it become law, is absolutely proportionate and supportive of parents, and not something that is going to be malicious as far as they are concerned, in terms of hunting them down, as it were. I am also a little bit concerned about how this will be enforced. You've already referred to, in some of the other questions, how the law will apply across Wales. Obviously, it's important that we have a promotion campaign about any change in the law, should a change come, within Wales, but we obviously have a lot of visitors, from England in particular - day-trippers et cetera - and I wonder how we're going to communicate with them about a change in the law so that they're not unwittingly breaking the law when they arrive and cross the border into Wales if they give their child a smack as a form of discipline. I heard what you said about the promotional activity that you're going to do, and it clearly states that you've set a budget aside for that promotional activity, in terms of educating people about a change in the law, in the explanatory memorandum that was published yesterday. But there's no additional finance available in accordance with that memorandum for more positive parenting courses in order to increase the capacity of those courses. That concerns me, because I would expect there to be a significant increase in demand from parents who may well want to have the opportunity to learn other parenting techniques. But unless you're actually prepared to put some money on the table to expand the provision that we currently have in Wales, which the overwhelming majority of parents don't participate in at present, I think we're never going to achieve the sort of change that you and I want to see in terms of the availability of the promotion of positive parenting. I'm absolutely with you on the need to promote alternative parenting styles, but unless you increase the resource, unless you increase the capacity of those people who are already putting on these sorts of services, we're never actually going to fulfil the sort of ambition that you want to see in terms of a change in behaviour across Wales. I do know that there's a mapping exercise, as I understand it, which is under way by the Welsh Government, looking at the different places where positive parenting is being done, and I wonder whether you could give us some information about when you expect that mapping exercise to be completed. You've referred to the fact that positive parenting courses at the moment are universal in terms of the offer, but I don't think they're universally being promoted amongst patents. People expect to go to an antenatal class, for example, if they're having their first child, but they don't seem to be offered in the same way access to a positive parenting course. And I do think that we ought to get smart about offering these sorts of things in the future in order that we can equip people with everything they need.
Welsh: A gaf i ddiolch i'r Gweinidog am ei datganiad? Rwy'n gwybod fod ganddi farn ddiffuant iawn ynghylch yr angen am y gwaharddiad penodol hwn, a bydd hi'n deall fy mod wedi gwrthwynebu'r gwaharddiad ar smacio plant y mae'r Llywodraeth yn ei gynnig. Rwy'n bryderus iawn, yn amlwg, ynghylch y posibilrwydd o drin degau o filoedd o rieni cariadus, parchus ledled Cymru sy'n defnyddio smacen yn achlysurol i ddisgyblu eu plant, fel troseddwyr, ac rwy'n credu bod y mwyafrif llethol o rieni yn gwybod ble i dynnu'r llinell rhwng cosb resymol a cham-drin plant. Mae gennym ni ddeddfwriaeth gynhwysfawr sydd eisoes wedi ei sefydlu ar gyfer ymdrin â cham-drin plant, a chaiff pobl eu herlyn yn hollol briodol gan ddefnyddio'r ddeddfwriaeth bresennol, ac fe ddylen nhw wynebu'r canlyniadau cyfreithiol o ran hynny. Ond rwy'n bryderus ynghylch effaith bosib hyn ar rieni, yn arbennig o ystyried bod eich memorandwm esboniadol yn nodi rhai o'r effeithiau posib hynny, o ran cael cofnod troseddol, a hwn yn ymddangos ar ddogfen y Gwasanaeth Datgelu a Gwahardd, a'r effaith wedyn a gaiff ar eu cyflogaeth - eu gwahardd rhag rhai swyddi a swyddogaethau, a'r cyfyngiadau ar eu gallu i deithio i wledydd tramor penodol. Ac rwy'n gwybod eich bod wedi dweud nad yw'n fwriad gennych i wneud rhieni'n droseddwyr - rwy'n deall nad dyna eich bwriad - eich bwriad yw hyrwyddo rhianta cadarnhaol. Ond y gwir amdani yw mai dyna fydd yn digwydd mewn gwirionedd - bydd unrhyw un sy'n smacio plentyn ar ôl i'r gyfraith newid yn cael ei ystyried yn droseddwr. Felly, rwy'n bryderus iawn ynghylch hynny ac yn meddwl tybed beth ydych chi'n mynd i'w wneud i sicrhau y bydd gweithredu'r gyfraith hon, petai'n dod yn gyfraith, yn gwbl gymesur ac yn gefnogol o rieni, ac nid yn rhywbeth sy'n mynd i fod yn faleisus o ran eu herlid, fel petai. Rwy'n pryderu ychydig hefyd ynglŷn â sut y caiff hyn ei orfodi. Rydych chi eisoes wedi cyfeirio, yn rhai o'r cwestiynau eraill, at sut y bydd y gyfraith yn gweithredu ledled Cymru. Yn amlwg, mae'n bwysig bod gennym ni ymgyrch hyrwyddo ynghylch unrhyw newid yn y gyfraith, petai newid yn dod, yng Nghymru, ond mae'n amlwg bod gennym ni lawer o ymwelwyr, o Loegr yn benodol - ymwelwyr dydd ac ati - a tybed sut y byddwn ni'n eu hysbysu nhw am y newid yn y gyfraith fel nad ydyn nhw, yn ddiarwybod yn torri'r gyfraith ar ôl croesi'r ffin a dod i Gymru petaen nhw'n smacio plentyn fel math o ddisgyblaeth. Clywais yr hyn a ddywedoch chi am y gweithgarwch hyrwyddo y byddwch yn ei gynnal, ac mae'n datgan yn glir eich bod wedi gosod cyllideb o'r neilltu ar gyfer y gweithgarwch hyrwyddo hwnnw, o ran addysgu pobl ynglŷn â'r newid yn y gyfraith, yn y memorandwm esboniadol a gyhoeddwyd ddoe. Ond nid oes cyllid ychwanegol ar gael yn unol â'r memorandwm hwnnw ar gyfer cyrsiau rhianta mwy cadarnhaol er mwyn cynyddu capasiti'r cyrsiau hynny. Mae hynny'n peri pryder imi, oherwydd byddwn yn disgwyl gweld cynnydd sylweddol yn y galw gan rieni a fyddai efallai eisiau'r cyfle i ddysgu technegau rhianta eraill. Ond oni bai eich bod mewn gwirionedd yn barod i gynnig rhywfaint o arian i ehangu'r ddarpariaeth sydd gennym ni ar hyn o bryd yng Nghymru, nad yw'r mwyafrif llethol o rieni yn cymryd rhan ynddi ar hyn o bryd, rwy'n credu na fyddwn ni byth yn cyflawni'r math o newid yr ydych chi a fi eisiau ei weld o ran gwneud yn sicr y bydd hyrwyddo rhianta cadarnhaol ar gael. Rwy'n cytuno'n llwyr â chi ynghylch yr angen i hyrwyddo dulliau rhianta gwahanol, ond oni fyddwch yn cynyddu'r adnoddau, oni fyddwch yn cynyddu capasiti'r bobl hynny sydd eisoes yn cynnig y mathau hyn o wasanaethau, ni fyddwn ni byth mewn gwirionedd yn cyflawni'r math o uchelgais yr ydych chi eisiau ei weld o ran newid ymddygiad ledled Cymru. Rwyf yn gwybod bod Llywodraeth Cymru yn gwneud gwaith mapio ar hyn o bryd, fel y deallaf, yn edrych ar y gwahanol leoedd lle mae rhianta cadarnhaol yn cael ei weithredu, a meddwl wyf i, tybed a wnewch chi roi rhywfaint o wybodaeth ynghylch pryd rydych chi'n disgwyl i'r gwaith mapio gael ei gwblhau. Rydych chi wedi cyfeirio at y ffaith bod cyrsiau rhianta cadarnhaol ar hyn o bryd yn gyffredinol o ran yr hyn sy'n cael ei gynnig, ond nid wyf yn credu eu bod yn cael eu hyrwyddo'n gyffredinol ymhlith rhieni. Mae pobl yn disgwyl mynd i ddosbarth cyn-geni, er enghraifft, os ydyn nhw'n cael eu plentyn cyntaf, ond nid ydyn nhw'n cael cynnig cwrs rhianta cadarnhaol yn yr un modd. Ac rwy'n credu y dylem ni fod yn graff a chynnig y mathau hyn o bethau yn y dyfodol er mwyn rhoi i bobl y pethau y maen nhw eu hangen.