English: The detail of it - we are finding our way as we go. The Basques, I'm told, use an elegant phrase, that they lay the road as they travel. I use a less elegant phrase, that we were making it up as we went along. This is what I was referring to, specifically this experimental approach, rather than saying, 'We have a template, we know how this works.' The whole point of this agenda - that's why it is both exciting and slightly terrifying - is that we are iterating and developing in real time, and there's a risk to that, as I can testify, but that is the policy intent behind it. It is a different approach and has clearly attracted some controversy, but I think it's the right one, given the uncertainties that we are facing. The Member has asked me seven or so meaty questions, and I won't be able to do justice to them properly, but I'll try, briefly, Dirprwy Lywydd. In terms of the inquiry by the Economy, Infrastructure and Skills Committee, I look forward to seeing the report and to contemplating your recommendations, because this is something that is open for shaping and for influence. The question Russell George poses about monitoring and evaluation is a very reasonable one, and that's something that we are currently thinking through with the sub-group of the ministerial advisory board that I've set up, which is a genuine advisory board, where we invite challenge and input from a range of civil society organisations and academics. So, we are creating these communities of practice. They're not siloed, as he said at the end; this is not a sectoral approach within the foundational economy. It is explicitly a sector-neutral approach. In the original economic action plan, there were sectors identified; we've moved beyond that now into having an agnostic view on sectors, and looking across the whole of the foundational economy. If you look at the full list of projects that are published on the Business Wales website, there's a real range there, including some policy projects as well to test the boundaries of our thinking. In terms of his question about jobs targets in Business Wales, that, also, is a live question, and something I'm discussing with the advisory board - how we can measure this. He mentioned the challenge we have moving from micro to medium-sized companies, and the stats are arresting: 95 per cent of Welsh businesses have fewer than nine employees; the medium-sized firms, which are between 50 and 249 employees, make up less than 1 per cent of all Welsh businesses, but they account for a turnover larger than all of the 95 per cent of businesses. So, we've got a small number of firms punching above their weight in the Welsh economy, and what we want to do is to increase the size of the micro into the small, the small into the medium, and then, as they're medium, keep them rooted in Wales. Things like employee ownership are an attractive option for making sure they remain grounded in our economy. Working across supply chains, he mentioned, is again the key challenge here, and this is the work we need to do now with the public services boards, and use data to properly understand it. The Better Jobs Closer to Home project that Julie James led on has done a lot of work already with some very committed civil servants within the Welsh Government to properly understand the data of where spending falls, the gaps within that and how we interrogate that to make the most of it. So, that's what we're going to be working with across the public sector. What I'm interested in doing as well is - we've had a large number of private sector firms bidding into the challenge fund, I want to now explore how we can develop this agenda with larger private sector firms, so the large anchor firms are using their spend, their discretionary spend, to tie into this agenda so we're making the most of that funding as well. This is not a public sector only agenda. I think I've tried to cover the majority of the points. The definition of, forgive me -
Welsh: Manylion hyn - rydym yn darganfod ein ffordd wrth fwrw ymlaen. Mae'r Basgiaid, maen nhw'n dweud wrthyf i, yn defnyddio'r ymadrodd barddonol, eu bod nhw'n ceibio'r ffordd wrth deithio arni. Rwyf i'n defnyddio ymadrodd llai barddonol, ein bod ni'n meddwl am bethau wrth inni fynd yn ein blaenau. Dyna'r oeddwn i'n cyfeirio ato, y dull arbrofol hwn yn benodol, yn hytrach na dweud, 'Mae gennym dempled, gwyddom sut mae'n gweithio.' Holl ddiben yr agenda hon - dyna pam mae'n gyffrous ac yn frawychus braidd - yw ein bod ni'n ailadrodd ac yn datblygu mewn amser real, ac mae perygl i hynny, fel y gallaf dystio, ond dyna'r bwriad y tu ôl i'r polisi. Mae hwn yn ddull gwahanol ac mae'n amlwg wedi ennyn rhywfaint o ddadlau, ond rwy'n credu mai hwn yw'r un cywir, o ystyried yr ansicrwydd yr ydym ni'n ei wynebu. Mae'r Aelod wedi gofyn rhyw saith o gwestiynau sylweddol i mi, ac ni fyddaf i'n gallu gwneud gwir gyfiawnder â nhw, ond fe geisiaf wneud hynny'n fyr, Dirprwy Lywydd. O ran yr ymchwiliad gan Bwyllgor yr Economi, Seilwaith a Sgiliau, rwy'n edrych ymlaen at weld yr adroddiad ac at ystyried eich argymhellion chi, oherwydd mae hwn yn rhywbeth sy'n agored i'w fowldio ac i ddylanwadu arno. Mae'r cwestiwn y mae Russell George yn ei ofyn am fonitro a gwerthuso yn un rhesymol iawn, ac mae hynny'n rhywbeth yr ydym ni'n ei ystyried ar hyn o bryd gydag is-grŵp y bwrdd cynghori gweinidogol a sefydlais i, sy'n fwrdd cynghori gwirioneddol, yr ydym ni'n gwahodd her a mewnbwn iddo gan amrywiaeth o sefydliadau cymdeithas sifil ac academyddion. Felly, rydym ni'n creu'r cymunedau ymarfer hyn. Nid ydynt mewn ysguboriau ar wahân, fel y dywedodd ef ar y diwedd; nid dull sectoraidd mo hwn o fewn yr economi sylfaenol. Dull gweithredu sy'n niwtral o ran sectorau ydyw. Yn y cynllun gweithredu economaidd gwreiddiol, fe nodwyd sectorau; rydym wedi symud y tu hwnt i hynny nawr i gael barn agnostig o ran sectorau, ac edrych ar hyd a lled yr economi sylfaenol gyfan. Os edrychwch ar y rhestr lawn o brosiectau sy'n cael eu cyhoeddi ar wefan Busnes Cymru, ceir amrywiaeth wirioneddol yn y fan honno, gan gynnwys rhai prosiectau polisi hefyd i brofi ffiniau ein meddylfryd ni. O ran ei gwestiwn ynglŷn â thargedau swyddi gyda Busnes Cymru, mae hynny, hefyd, yn gwestiwn byw, ac yn rhywbeth yr wyf yn ei drafod gyda'r bwrdd cynghori - sut y gallwn ni fesur hyn. Fe soniodd am yr her sydd gennym o ran symud o gwmnïau micro i gwmnïau maint canolig, ac mae'r ystadegau yn syfrdanol: mae gan 95 y cant o fusnesau Cymru lai na naw o weithwyr; mae'r cwmnïau canolig eu maint, sydd â rhwng 50 a 249 o weithwyr, yn cyfrif am lai nag 1 y cant o'r holl fusnesau yng Nghymru, ond maen nhw'n gyfrifol am drosiant sy'n fwy na'r cyfan o'r 95 y cant o fusnesau. Felly, mae gennym nifer fach o gwmnïau sy'n gwneud llawer mwy na'r disgwyl yn economi Cymru, a'r hyn yr ydym ni'n awyddus i'w wneud yw cynyddu maint y micro i fod yn fach, y bach i fod yn ganolig, ac yna, pan fyddant yn ganolig, eu cadw nhw wedi eu gwreiddio'n ddwfn yng Nghymru. Mae pethau fel perchenogaeth gweithwyr yn ddewis atyniadol ar gyfer gwneud yn siŵr eu bod nhw'n aros wedi eu gwreiddio yn ein heconomi ni. Gweithio ar hyd y cadwyni cyflenwi, meddai ef, yw'r her allweddol yma unwaith yn rhagor, a dyma'r gwaith y mae angen i ni ei wneud gyda'r byrddau gwasanaethau cyhoeddus ar hyn o bryd, gan ddefnyddio data i'w ddeall yn iawn. Mae'r prosiect Swyddi Gwell yn Nes at Adref y mae Julie James wedi arwain arno wedi gwneud llawer o waith eisoes gyda rhai gweision sifil ymroddedig iawn o fewn Llywodraeth Cymru i ddeall yn iawn y data o ran ble mae'r gwariant yn gostwng, y bylchau o fewn hynny, a sut yr ydym yn gwneud ymholiadau i wneud y gorau o'r sefyllfa. Felly, dyna'r hyn yr ydym yn bwriadu gweithio arno ar draws y sector cyhoeddus. Yr hyn y byddwn yn hoffi ei wneud hefyd yw hyn - rydym wedi gweld nifer fawr o gwmnïau sector preifat yn gwneud cais i'r gronfa her, ac rwy'n awyddus nawr i weld sut y gallwn ni ddatblygu'r agenda hon gyda chwmnïau mwy yn y sector preifat, fel bod y prif gwmnïau mawr yn defnyddio eu gwariant, eu gwariant dewisol nhw, ynghlwm wrth yr agenda hon fel ein bod ni'n gwneud yn fawr o'r cyllid hwnnw hefyd. Nid agenda i'r sector cyhoeddus yn unig yw hon. Rwy'n credu fy mod i wedi ceisio ymdrin â'r rhan fwyaf o'r pwyntiau. Mae'r diffiniad o, maddeuwch i mi -