English: Unlike the Tories, you'll be pleased to hear that Plaid Cymru is very pleased to see this Bill begin its journey. I have to add one caveat to that, and that is: 'at last'. That is to say it has taken us some time to get to this point today, although one does appreciate that we have got here, and I do believe that the Assembly passed in principle the need for a Bill of this kind back in 2001. You mentioned 2002, so it's been at least 17 years since the discussion was initiated, and that is far too long, I understand that there are various attitudes towards this, and we've heard some of them expressed today, but it's the responsibility of Government to lead behavioural change, so I'm very pleased that we are beginning this journey. And my party has been at the heart of the effort to deliver this, with former Members such as Jocelyn Davies, Lindsay Whittle and others playing a key role in the attempt to abolish the defence of reasonable punishment, and we included a pledge in our manifesto for the 2016 election to introduce legislation to that end. Passing this Bill would mean that children in Wales would have the same defence against corporal punishment as adults. It is an absurd situation at the moment. Why on earth are children now treated differently to adults? Why on earth do we not need a defence against reasonable punishment for one individual using physical force against another individual, but that there is a defence of using physical punishment against a child? One of the clearest signs of a civilised society is the way in which we treat vulnerable groups within our society, and passing this Bill would support children's rights and would ensure that Wales complies fully with article 19 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, which of course requires that the state takes all necessary and appropriate steps to safeguard children. I would like to pursue two issues - two questions, if you like - this afternoon. There are over 50 nations worldwide who have abolished the reasonable punishment defence, so my first question is: what lessons can Wales learn from the experiences of those nations - not only Sweden, Ireland, Germany, Finland, New Zealand, but a whole host of other nations too? Positive lessons that we could benefit from, but also lessons in terms of how we can introduce this legislation in a more effective way. My second question relates to positive parenting. There's increasing evidence available that demonstrates that physical punishment is not effective and that it does damage children both physically and emotionally. And there are more and more parents who recognise that now, and attitudes towards bringing up children are changing. But it's not always easy to know which techniques are best used in order to teach children that there are boundaries that should not be crossed. And I have to say, from my own experience as a single parent to four young children with only six years separating them, separating the youngest and the oldest, I know that parenting requires all sorts of skills and skills that, often, need to be learnt. Being a parent is one of the best jobs in the world, being a parent is one of the most important roles in the world, but being a parent can also be very challenging indeed. So, I believe, along with introducing this new legislation that we warmly welcome on these benches, we do need positive parenting programmes in place across Wales. So, my second question is: will there be sufficient resources allocated in order to provide programmes of that kind? I don't believe that it's enough to extend the current provision, which is provided through Flying Start and so on. I've seen some of those in operation, and they can work superbly well, but they don't reach everyone, and we do need to reach everyone. So, are there sufficient resources to do that? I look forward to the scrutiny work on this Bill, as a member of the children and young people's committee over the next few weeks. Thank you.
Welsh: Yn wahanol iawn i'r Torïaid, mi fyddwch chi'n falch o glywed bod Plaid Cymru yn falch iawn o weld y Bil yma yn cychwyn ar ei daith. Mae'n rhaid imi ychwanegu un cymal bychan i hynny: 'o'r diwedd'. Hynny yw, mae wedi cymryd amser inni gyrraedd y diwrnod yma heddiw, er bod rhywun yn gwerthfawrogi ein bod ni wedi cyrraedd yma heddiw yma. A dwi'n credu bod y Cynulliad wedi pasio mewn egwyddor bod angen Bil o'r math yn ôl yn 2001. Dŷch chi'n sôn am 2002, felly mae yna o leiaf 17 mlynedd wedi pasio ers i'r drafodaeth gychwyn, ac mae hynny'n llawer iawn rhy hir. Dwi'n deall bod yna agweddau amrywiol, ac rydyn ni wedi clywed rhai heddiw, ond dyletswydd Llywodraeth ydy arwain newid mewn ymddygiad, ac felly dwi'n falch iawn ein bod ni'n cychwyn ar y daith yma. Mae fy mhlaid i wedi bod yn greiddiol i'r ymdrech i gael y maen i'r wal efo hyn gyda chyn-Aelodau fel Jocelyn Davies a Lindsay Whittle ac eraill wedi chwarae rhan allweddol yn yr ymdrech i ddileu'r amddiffyniad cosb resymol. Fe wnaethon ni gynnwys adduned yn ein maniffesto ar gyfer etholiad 2016 i gyflwyno deddfwriaeth i'r perwyl hwn. Mi fyddai pasio'r Ddeddf yn golygu y byddai gan blant yng Nghymru'r un amddiffyniad yn erbyn cosb gorfforol ag sydd gan oedolion. Mae'n sefyllfa hurt ar hyn o bryd. Pam yn y byd bod plant, ar hyn o bryd, yn cael eu trin yn israddol i oedolion? Pam yn y byd nad oes angen amddiffyniad dros fod un unigolyn yn defnyddio grym corfforol yn erbyn unigolyn arall, ond bod amddiffyniad dros fod unigolyn yn defnyddio grym corfforol yn erbyn plentyn? Un o'r arwyddion cliriaf o gymdeithas wâr ydy'r ffordd dŷn ni'n trin grwpiau bregus o fewn ein cymdeithas. Byddai pasio'r Bil yma yn cynnal hawliau plant ac yn sicrhau bod Cymru'n cydymffurfio'n llawn ag erthygl 19 o Gonfensiwn y Cenhedloedd Unedig ar Hawliau'r Plentyn sydd, wrth gwrs, yn gofyn bod y wladwriaeth yn cymryd pob cam angenrheidiol a phriodol i ddiogelu plant. Mi hoffwn i fynd ar ôl dau fater - dau gwestiwn, os leiciwch chi - pnawn yma. Mae yna dros 50 o wledydd yn y byd wedi dileu'r amddiffyniad o gosb gorfforol, a fy nghwestiwn cyntaf ichi heddiw felly ydy: pa wersi sydd gan Gymru i'w dysgu o brofiadau'r gwledydd hynny, nid yn unig Sweden, Iwerddon, yr Almaen, y Ffindir, Seland Newydd, ond llu o wledydd eraill hefyd? Gwersi cadarnhaol y gallen ni elwa o wybod amdanyn nhw, ond hefyd gwersi am sut y gallwn ni gyflwyno'r ddeddfwriaeth mewn ffordd fwy effeithiol. Mae fy ail gwestiwn i yn ymwneud â rhianta cadarnhaol. Mae tystiolaeth gynyddol ar gael sy'n dangos nad ydy cosb gorfforol yn effeithiol a'i bod hi yn niweidio plant yn gorfforol a hefyd yn emosiynol. Mae yna fwy a mwy o rieni yn cydnabod hynny, ac mae agweddau at arferion magu plant yn sicr yn newid. Ond dydy hi ddim bob tro yn hawdd gwybod pa dechnegau sydd orau i'w defnyddio er mwyn dysgu plant bod ffiniau ar gael - ffiniau nad ydyn nhw fod i'w croesi. Mae'n rhaid imi ddweud, yn fy mhrofiad i fel rhiant sengl i bedwar o blant bach, a dim ond chwe blynedd rhyngddyn nhw, rhwng yr hynaf a'r ieuengaf, dwi'n gwybod bod rhianta yn gofyn am bob math o sgiliau, a sgiliau sydd angen eu dysgu, yn aml iawn. Bod yn rhiant yw un o'r swyddi gorau yn y byd, bod yn rhiant yw un o'r swyddi pwysicaf yn y byd, ond mae bod yn rhiant hefyd yn gallu bod yn swydd heriol iawn. Felly, dwi'n credu, law yn llaw â chyflwyno'r ddeddfwriaeth newydd yma rydyn ni'n ei chroesawu'n fawr ar y meinciau yma, mae angen rhaglenni rhianta cadarnhaol a heini ar draws Cymru. Felly, fy ail gwestiwn ydy: fydd yna ddigon o adnoddau yn gallu cael eu neilltuo ar gyfer rhaglenni o'r math yna? Dwi ddim yn credu ei fod o'n ddigon i ymestyn y ddarpariaeth bresennol sy'n digwydd trwy gynlluniau Dechrau'n Deg ac ati. Dwi wedi gweld rhai o'r rheini ar waith, ac maen nhw'n gallu gweithio'n ardderchog, ond dŷn nhw ddim yn cyrraedd pawb ac mae angen cyrraedd pawb. Felly, a oes yna adnoddau i wneud hynny? Dwi'n edrych ymlaen at y gwaith o graffu'r Bil hwn rŵan, fel aelod o'r pwyllgor plant a phobl ifanc, dros yr wythnosau nesaf. Diolch.