English: Air quality is certainly a major issue for public health, and also for the environment. I think we've already heard some very important themes that need to be fully addressed if we are to make the sort of progress I'm sure we would all like to see. Yes, it is a major challenge in urban areas in Wales, in our cities and towns, as well as elsewhere. As far as the towns and cities are concerned, Newport is one of the cities with considerable challenges, and I do think that the sort of issues that have already been raised today are at the heart of making the necessary progress I would like to see in Newport and indeed see across Wales. I do believe that our Active Travel (Wales) Act 2013 is a major opportunity to make necessary progress. We have local authorities bringing forward their integrated route maps at the moment, and we do need to engage with that legislation, the Act itself, and indeed the action plans, with commitment and enthusiasm. If we do that effectively, Dirprwy Lywydd, we will be making major inroads into vehicle usage, which is at the heart of many of these problems of poor air quality. We know that, in years to come, we may well see important developments that will help us on this agenda - for example, electric vehicles. But that's not all of the story, because a lot of the problems with particulate matter 2.5, which is smaller than the width of a human hair, come from the brakes and tyres of vehicles. They could be addressed through technological change, but that is outwith the debate around electric vehicles. So, we need to get vehicle use down, and a major opportunity to do that is through the active travel legislation. So, you know, we really do need to see sustained and re-energised commitment and enthusiasm from Welsh Government, local authorities, and everyone in Wales on that agenda. I also believe that, again, as has already been mentioned, we could do a lot more in terms of greening urban environments. I agree with Simon Thomas that it is also about the right type of trees, because we have seen examples where trees have been planted in urban areas and have then created issues that weren't foreseen, or if they were foreseen weren't acted upon, and then years later those trees have been removed. We need to do this in a sustainable manner and we need to do our homework beforehand. Taxi fleets - I think I've mentioned this before, and I know others have as well - is a very practical example of something that could be done. They are a major contributor to the road transport vehicle issues in our urban environments. If, for example, taxi fleets were converted to LPG, with costs that could be recouped on average within two years, that, in the short term, before we get electric vehicles and other helpful developments, could help deal with these issues of urban pollution from vehicles. We could take a practical initiative there that would pay important dividends. And more widely of course, we need to move faster and more effectively on the integrated transport front. For me, in south Wales, a lot of that is about the metro system, and there are important choices to be made there in terms of the investment that could make that a success more quickly and more extensively versus other uses of available capital moneys. So, I do agree with many of the themes that Members have already highlighted in this statement today, Dirprwy Lywydd. I think the parameters of this debate and the action that could take place are quite well known and there is probably quite a strong consensus behind what many of us think should happen in Wales. The challenge is obviously to get on and do it, to take these practical steps. And when you consider the issues for public health and our environment, it does have real urgency behind it, and I think we do need to see those practical measures taking place as quickly and as effectively as possible.
Welsh: Mae ansawdd yr aer yn sicr yn fater pwysig ar gyfer iechyd y cyhoedd, a hefyd ar gyfer yr amgylchedd. Rwy'n credu ein bod eisoes wedi clywed rhai themâu pwysig iawn y mae angen mynd i'r afael â nhw yn llawn os ydym ni am wneud y math o gynnydd yr wyf yn siŵr yr hoffai pawb ohonom ei weld. Ydy, mae'n her fawr mewn ardaloedd trefol yng Nghymru, yn ein dinasoedd a'n trefi, yn ogystal â mewn mannau eraill. O ran y trefi a'r dinasoedd, mae Casnewydd yn un o'r dinasoedd sydd â heriau sylweddol, ac rwy'n credu bod y math o faterion sydd eisoes wedi eu codi heddiw wrth wraidd gwneud y cynnydd angenrheidiol yr hoffwn i ei weld yng Nghasnewydd ac yn wir ei weld ledled Cymru. Rwyf i'n credu bod ein Deddf Teithio Llesol (Cymru) 2013 yn gyfle pwysig i wneud cynnydd angenrheidiol. Mae gennym awdurdodau lleol yn cyflwyno eu mapiau llwybrau integredig ar hyn o bryd, ac mae angen i ni ymgysylltu â'r ddeddfwriaeth honno, y Ddeddf ei hun, ac yn wir y cynlluniau gweithredu, gydag ymrwymiad a brwdfrydedd. Os byddwn yn gwneud hynny'n effeithiol, Dirprwy Lywydd, byddwn yn cymryd camau bras i fynd i'r afael â'r defnydd o gerbydau, sydd wrth wraidd llawer o'r problemau ansawdd aer gwael hyn. Gwyddom, yn y blynyddoedd i ddod, y gallem ni weld datblygiadau pwysig a fydd yn ein helpu o ran yr agenda hon - er enghraifft, cerbydau trydan. Ond nid dyna'r stori gyfan, gan fod llawer o'r problemau o ran mater gronynnol 2.5, sy'n llai na lled blewyn dynol, yn dod o frêcs a theiars cerbydau. Gellid ymdrin â nhw drwy newid technolegol, ond mae hynny yn rhan o'r ddadl ynghylch cerbydau trydan. Felly, mae angen inni ostwng y defnydd o gerbydau, a cheir cyfle pwysig i wneud hynny drwy'r ddeddfwriaeth teithio llesol. Felly, wyddoch chi, mae gwir angen inni weld ymrwymiad a brwdfrydedd parhaus wedi'i ailfywiogi gan Lywodraeth Cymru, awdurdodau lleol, a phawb yng Nghymru ar yr agenda honno. Credaf hefyd, unwaith eto, fel y crybwyllwyd eisoes, y gallasem ni wneud llawer mwy o ran gwyrddu amgylcheddau trefol. Rwy'n cytuno â Simon Thomas bod hyn hefyd am y math iawn o goed, oherwydd ein bod wedi gweld enghreifftiau pan fo coed wedi'u plannu mewn ardaloedd trefol a'u bod wedi creu problemau nas rhagwelwyd, neu os y'u rhagwelwyd ni chymerwyd camau ar eu cyfer, ac yna flynyddoedd yn ddiweddarach mae'r coed hynny wedi eu tynnu oddi yno. Mae angen inni wneud hyn mewn modd cynaliadwy ac mae angen inni wneud ein gwaith cartref ymlaen llaw. Fflydoedd tacsi - rwy'n credu fy mod wedi crybwyll hyn o'r blaen, a gwn bod eraill wedi gwneud hynny hefyd - mae'n enghraifft ymarferol iawn o rywbeth y gellid ei wneud. Maen nhw'n cyfrannu'n sylweddol at y problemau cerbydau trafnidiaeth ffyrdd yn ein hamgylchedd trefol. Os, er enghraifft, y byddai fflydoedd tacsi yn cael eu trosi i LPG, gyda costau y gellid eu hadennill ar gyfartaledd o fewn dwy flynedd, gallai hynny, yn y tymor byr, cyn inni gael cerbydau trydan a datblygiadau eraill defnyddiol, helpu i fynd i'r afael â'r problemau llygredd trefol hyn o gerbydau. Gallem weithredu menter ymarferol yn hynny o beth a fyddai'n talu ar ei ganfed. Ac yn ehangach wrth gwrs, mae angen inni symud yn gyflymach ac yn fwy effeithiol o ran trafnidiaeth integredig. I mi, yn y de, mae llawer o hyn yn ymwneud â'r system metro, ac mae dewisiadau pwysig i'w gwneud yn hynny o beth o ran y buddsoddiad a allai wneud hynny yn llwyddiant yn gyflymach ac yn fwy helaeth o'i gymharu â mathau eraill o ddefnydd o arian cyfalaf sydd ar gael. Felly, rwy'n cytuno â llawer o'r themâu y mae'r Aelodau eisoes wedi tynnu sylw atynt yn y datganiad hwn heddiw, Dirprwy Lywydd. Rwy'n credu bod ffiniau'r ddadl hon a'r camau a allai ddigwydd yn eithaf hysbys ac mae'n debyg bod consensws eithaf cryf y tu ôl i'r hyn y mae llawer ohonom ni'n gredu y dylai ddigwydd yng Nghymru. Yr her yn amlwg yw bwrw ymlaen a gwneud hynny, i gymryd y camau ymarferol hyn. A pan fyddwch yn ystyried y materion iechyd cyhoeddus a'n hamgylchedd, mae brys gwirioneddol y tu ôl iddo, ac rwyf yn meddwl bod angen i ni weld y mesurau ymarferol hynny yn digwydd mor gyflym ac mor effeithiol â phosibl.