English: Thank you very much, Presiding Officer. I move the motion in the name of Plaid Cymru, Plaid Cymru, of course, has called this debate this afternoon to note that it is now three years since the publication of Professor Sioned Davies's report, commissioned by the Welsh Government, on the situation of Welsh as a second language in English-medium schools. The report's conclusion, of course, was that it was the eleventh hour for Welsh second language. The report stated that the attainment levels of pupils was lower than in any other subject, and it went on to say that if this had been said about mathematics or English, there is no doubt that we would have seen a revolution. If we are serious, therefore, about developing Welsh speakers and seeing the Welsh language prosper, then we must change direction as a matter of urgency, before it is too late. Now, just a few months earlier, the census had actually painted a picture in terms of a reduction in the number of Welsh speakers. A month after the publication of the report, the recommendations of the Welsh Government's 'Cynhadledd Fawr', if you recall, stated that very substantial changes were needed in terms of Welsh taught as a second language. In August 2014, the First Minister himself said in his policy document 'A living language: a language for living - Moving forward' that there was a need, and I quote, 'for all learners in Wales - whether they attend Welsh-medium or English-medium schoolsto speak Welsh confidently.' In November 2014, a whole year after the publication of Professor Davies's report, Professor Davies herself expressed some concern that not much had happened with the report since its publication. Professor Davies said that, amongst all of the things that she suggested, there were things that could have been done overnight, but that there were other things, such as capacity building, that would take many years, according to her. As I said in the report, it is the eleventh hour for Welsh second language. I don't know what comes after the eleventh hour, but I would say that the clock has almost struck again, I think. And that was a whole year after the publication of her report. We're now three years on from the publication of the report and, to all intents and purposes, we're still awaiting action. Rather than moving away from the Welsh second language regime, what we saw earlier this year was Qualifications Wales consulting on the GCSE Welsh second language qualification and coming to the conclusion that they wanted to retain that for the time being, although the majority of respondents to the consultation said that it needed to be abolished - although, the Welsh Government's policy, of course, is to abolish Welsh second language - and although academics, educators, organisations and institutions of all kinds want to see the abolition of the Welsh second language qualification. Now, in fairness, Qualifications Wales says that this is a temporary step, but there is no clarity from the Welsh Government as to what is meant by 'temporary' in that context. So, I have to say that I do understand and sympathise with the concern and frustration that many have expressed that so much time has passed since the publication of Professor Sioned Davies's report without any real action or determined action on this agenda, and then, of course, seeing Qualifications Wales, to all intents and purposes, seemingly continuing with the old regime. I understand, therefore, the suspicion as to whether that commitment is really there from the Welsh Government to change the situation in this area. Now, of course, we should remind ourselves that the First Minister had stated in a letter to Cymdeithas yr Iaith Gymraeg that he and the previous education Minister had come to the same conclusion, and they were of the view that the concept of Welsh second language 'creates an artificial difference, and we are not of the view that it offers a useful basis for making policies for the future.' Despite all of that, I have to say that I am pleased to see in the Welsh Government amendment a statement saying that, 'from 2021 the new curriculum will remove the distinction between Welsh and Welsh Second Language' I welcome that, but I would like the Minister to confirm not whether the new curriculum and the new qualification will be available to everyone by 2021, but that it will be used and in place by 2021, and will be actually part of the examination process and, therefore, that the old regime will have been removed. That is the assurance that many are seeking, and Qualifications Wales among them, I'm sure. Now, the second clause of the Welsh Government amendment isn't quite as good as it is too vague and general, in my view. It actually scraps clauses 4 (b) and 4 (c) in the original motion, which talks about action, and then replaces that with a 'notes' amendment. Now, the Government likes to note a number of things, but what we want to see is action, of course. We mention in the original motion the need to adopt measures, for example, to increase the number of education practitioners who teach through the medium of Welsh, but not only that, but increase the support for trainee teachers, serving teachers, classroom assistants and teaching practitioners and the need, of course, for additional resources to achieve that. Now, the challenge of reaching the Government's target of 1 million Welsh speakers is a considerable one, and effective and timely action does need to be taken. According to the annual report of the Government itself on their Welsh-medium education strategy, the increases in the number of those in receipt of Welsh-medium education is not adequate, and I don't know that anyone would actually dispute that point. We have seen, since 2001, an increase of 0.1 per cent. Now, that isn't the ambition and that isn't the transformational educational landscape needed in order to reach that ambitious target of 1 million Welsh speakers. Someone told me that, at that rate of progress, it would take 800 years to ensure that all young people in Wales received Welsh-medium education. Now, I know that the wheels of government turn slowly, but surely not even the wheels of the Welsh Government turn that slowly.
Welsh: Diolch, Lywydd. Rwy'n symud y cynnig yn enw Plaid Cymru. Mae Plaid Cymru, wrth gwrs, wedi galw y ddadl yma y prynhawn yma er mwyn nodi ei bod hi bellach yn dair blynedd ers i adroddiad yr Athro Sioned Davies, a oedd wedi ei gomisiynu gan Lywodraeth Cymru, ar sefyllfa'r Gymraeg fel ail iaith mewn ysgolion cyfrwng Saesneg gael ei gyhoeddi. Casgliad yr adroddiad, wrth gwrs, oedd ei bod hi'n unfed awr ar ddeg ar Gymraeg ail iaith. Roedd yr adroddiad yn dweud bod lefelau cyrhaeddiad disgyblion yn is nag mewn unrhyw bwnc arall, a phe bai hyn wedi cael ei ddweud am fathemateg neu am y Saesneg, diau y byddem ni wedi cael chwyldro, meddai'r adroddiad. Os ydym ni o ddifri felly ynglŷn a datblygu siaradwyr Cymraeg a gweld yr iaith yn ffynnu, rhaid newid cyfeiriad a hynny fel mater o frys cyn ei bod hi'n rhy hwyr. Nawr, dim ond rai misoedd ynghynt, mi roedd y cyfrifiad wedi paentio darlun i ni o safbwynt cwymp y gostyngiad yn nifer y siaradwyr Cymraeg. Fis ar ôl cyhoeddi'r adroddiad, mi argymhellodd canlyniadau'r Gynhadledd Fawr gan y Llywodraeth - os ydych chi'n cofio honno - fod angen newidiadau sylweddol iawn ar addysg Gymraeg ail iaith. Ym mis Awst 2014, mi ddywedodd y Prif Weinidog ei hun yn ei ddogfen bolisi 'Iaith fyw: iaith byw - Bwrw mlaen', fod angen, ac rwy'n dyfynnu, i 'holl ddysgwyr Cymru - p'un a ydynt yn mynd i ysgol cyfrwng Cymraeg neu ysgolcyfrwng Saesnegsiarad y Gymraeg yn hyderus.' Ac ym mis Tachwedd 2014, blwyddyn gyfan ar ôl cyhoeddi adroddiad yr Athro Davies, mi wnaeth yr Athro Davies fynegi gofid nad oedd yna ddim byd llawer wedi digwydd, meddai hi, ers iddo gael ei gyhoeddi. O'r holl bethau yr oedd hi wedi'u hawgrymu, meddai'r Athro Davies, roedd yna bethau y gallent fod wedi cael eu gwneud dros nos, ond roedd yna bethau eraill, fel adeiladu capasiti, a fyddai'n cymryd llawer iawn o flynyddoedd, meddai hi. 'Fe ddwedes i yn yr adroddiad ei bod hi'n unfed awr ar ddeg ar Gymraeg ail iaith. Dwi ddim yn gwybod be sy'n dod ar ôl unfed awr ar ddeg. Ond fyswn i'n dweud bod y cloc bron wedi taro eto dwi'n credu.' Mi oedd hynny flwyddyn ar ôl cyhoeddi'r adroddiad. Wrth gwrs, rŷm ni bellach dair blynedd ar ôl cyhoeddi'r adroddiad ac, i bob pwrpas, yn dal i ddisgwyl. Yn lle symud i ffwrdd o'r gyfundrefn Gymraeg ail iaith, wrth gwrs, beth welsom ni yn gynharach eleni oedd Cymwysterau Cymru yn ymgynghori ar y cymhwyster TGAU Cymraeg ail iaith ac yn dod i'r casgliad eu bod nhw am gadw'r cymhwyster am y tro, beth bynnag, er bod mwyafrif ymatebwyr yr ymgynghoriad wedi dweud, wrth gwrs, fod angen dileu TGAU Cymraeg ail iaith - er mai polisi Llywodraeth Cymru, wrth gwrs, yw dileu TGAU Cymraeg ail iait - ac er bod academyddion, addysgwyr, cyrff a mudiadau o bob lliw a llun am ddileu Cymraeg ail iaith. Nawr, er tegwch, wrth gwrs, mae Cymwysterau Cymru yn dweud mai cam dros dro yw hyn, ond, wrth gwrs, nid oes yna eglurder o gyfeiriad Llywodraeth Cymru beth yn union yw ystyr 'dros dro'. Ac felly, rydw i yn deall ac yn cydymdeimlo, mae'n rhaid i fi ddweud, â'r gofid a rhwystredigaeth y mae nifer wedi mynegi bod cymaint o amser wedi pasio ers cyhoeddi adroddiad yr Athro Sioned Davies heb weithredu pendant a heb weithredu penderfynol ar yr agenda yma, ac yna, wrth gwrs, yn gweld Cymwysterau Cymru yn ymddangosiadol beth bynnag, yn cario ymlaen i ddiwygio'r hen gyfundrefn. Rydw i'n deall, felly, yr amheuaeth a yw'r ymrwymiad yna mewn gwirionedd gan Lywodraeth Cymru i newid y drefn yn y maes yma. Wrth gwrs, mae'n rhaid atgoffa ein hunain bod y Prif Weinidog wedi dweud mewn llythyr at Gymdeithas yr Iaith Gymraeg ei fod e a'r Gweinidog addysg blaenorol wedi dod i'r un casgliad, a'u bod nhw o'r farn bod cysyniad Cymraeg fel ail iaith, 'yn creu gwahaniaeth artiffisial, ac nid ydym o'r farn bod hyn yn cynnig sylfaen ddefnyddiol ar gyfer llunio polisïau at y dyfodol.' Er gwaethaf hynny i gyd, mae'n rhaid imi ddweud fy mod i yn falch i weld, yng ngwelliant Llywodraeth Cymru, ddatganiad sy'n dweud, 'o 2021 y bydd y cwricwlwm newydd yn dileu'r gwahaniaeth rhwng Cymraeg a Chymraeg Ail Iaith' Rwy'n croesawu hynny, ond mi fuaswn i'n hoffi i'r Gweinidog gadarnhau nid a fydd y cwricwlwm newydd ar gael a'r cymhwyster newydd ar gael i bawb erbyn 2021, ond y bydd e'n cael ei ddefnyddio gan bawb, a'r cymhwyster newydd yn cael ei arholi yn 2021, a, hynny yw, bod yr hen gyfundrefn wedi mynd. Dyna'r sicrwydd, rwy'n meddwl, y mae nifer yn chwilio amdano fe, a Chymwysterau Cymru yn eu plith nhw, rwy'n siŵr. Nid yw ail gymal gwelliant y Llywodraeth ddim cweit cystal, ac efallai ei fod e'n rhy annelwig a chyffredinol yn fy marn i. Mae e'n dileu, yn anffodus, cymalau 4 (b) a 4 (c) yn y cynnig gwreiddiol, sy'n sôn am weithredu, ac yn rhoi gwelliant sydd yn sôn am 'nodi' rhywbeth yn ei le. Nawr, mae'r Llywodraeth, efallai'n licio 'nodi' llawer o bethau; yr hyn rŷm ni eisiau ei weld, wrth gwrs, yw gweithredu. Rŷm ni wedi crybwyll, wrth gwrs, yn ein cynnig gwreiddiol ni, yr angen i fabwysiadu mesurau, er enghraifft i gynyddu nifer yr ymarferwyr addysg sy'n dysgu trwy gyfrwng y Gymraeg, ond nid yn unig hynny, wrth gwrs, ond y gefnogaeth dysgu Cymraeg i athrawon dan hyfforddiant, athrawon mewn swyddi'n barod, cymorthyddion dosbarth ac ymarferwyr dysgu eraill, a'r angen, wrth gwrs, am adnoddau ychwanegol i gyflawni hynny. Mae'r her o gyrraedd targed y Llywodraeth o filiwn o siaradwyr Cymraeg yn un sylweddol, ac mae angen gweithredu, wrth gwrs, yn effeithiol ac yn brydlon. Yn ôl adroddiad blynyddol y Llywodraeth ei hunain ar ei strategaeth addysg cyfrwng Cymraeg, nid yw'r cynnydd yn y niferoedd sy'n derbyn addysg cyfrwng Cymraeg yn ddigonol. Nid wyf yn meddwl y gall neb wadu hynny. Rŷm ni wedi gweld, ers 2001, cynnydd o 0.1 y cant. Nawr, nid dyna'r uchelgais; nid dyna'r tirlun addysgiadol, trawsnewidiol sydd ei angen i gyrraedd y nod uchelgeisiol hwnnw o filiwn o siaradwyr Cymraeg. Mae rhywun wedi dweud wrthyf i y bydd hi'n cymryd 800 mlynedd i sicrhau bod pob un person ifanc yng Nghymru yn cael addysg trwy gyfrwng y Gymraeg ar y raddfa yna o gynnydd. Rwy'n gwybod bod olwynion llywodraeth yn dueddol o droi'n araf deg, ond nid yw hyd yn oed olwynion Llywodraeth Cymru, does bosib, yn troi mor araf â hynny.