techiaith/cofnodycynulliad_en-cy huggingface dataset:
English: I'd like to thank you, all your predecessor Ministers with housing responsibility, and all the other stakeholders involved in bringing WHQS to all our social housing. That doesn't mean to say there isn't more work to be done. I've still got tenants living in no-fines accommodation that is freezing cold in winter. I do want to take you up on the opportunity you've given us in your final paragraph to consider how we're going to get other tenures up to the standards that we currently have in social housing, because living in a band D or worse private rented property is a guarantee of discomfort, unaffordable heating bills, and, for many, having to choose between heating or eating. In the context of the Tory cost-of-living crisis, we really are looking into the abyss. I don't think we can take the long view, and we definitely can't stand still. We need to act urgently now. We have to remember that it was in 2007 that Gordon Brown introduced the zero-carbon standards for all new housing, which were torn up by George Osborne in 2015 - one of the most disastrous measures in the context of the climate emergency. We really do need to know when are we going to get much stronger Part L standards for new housing, because retrofitting is much more complicated and expensive than correcting the greed of private housebuilders who want to build substandard homes. So, it seems to me that -
Welsh: Fe hoffwn i ddiolch i chi, a phob un o'r Gweinidogion blaenorol sydd wedi bod â chyfrifoldeb am dai, a'r rhanddeiliaid eraill i gyd sydd wedi ymwneud â dod â'r SATC i'n holl dai cymdeithasol ni. Nid yw hynny'n golygu nad oes unrhyw waith i'w wneud eto. Mae gen i denantiaid sy'n dal i fyw mewn llety nad yw'n destun dirwyon sy'n ddeifiol oer yn y gaeaf. Rwyf i eisiau achub ar y cyfle a gawsom ni gennych chi yn eich paragraff olaf o ran ystyried sut y byddwn ni'n codi deiliadaethau eraill i'r safonau sydd gennym ni ar hyn o bryd mewn tai cymdeithasol, oherwydd mae byw mewn band D neu eiddo rhent preifat gwaeth yn golygu diffyg cysur, biliau ynni anfforddiadwy, ac, i lawer, gorfod dewis rhwng gwresogi neu fwyta. Yng nghyd-destun argyfwng costau byw'r Torïaid, rydym ni ar y dibyn mewn gwirionedd. Nid wyf i'n credu y gallwn ni edrych i'r hirdymor, ac yn bendant ni allwn ni sefyll yn yr unfan. Mae angen i ni weithredu ar frys nawr. Mae'n rhaid i ni gofio mai yn 2007 y cyflwynodd Gordon Brown y safonau di-garbon ar gyfer pob tŷ newydd, ac fe gafodd y rheini eu diddymu gan George Osborne yn 2015 - un o'r mesurau mwyaf trychinebus yng nghyd-destun yr argyfwng hinsawdd. Mae gwir angen i ni wybod pryd y byddwn ni'n cael safonau Rhan L llawer mwy cadarn ar gyfer tai newydd, oherwydd mae ôl-osod yn llawer mwy cymhleth a drud na chywiro trachwant adeiladwyr tai preifat sy'n dymuno adeiladu cartrefi sy'n is na'r safon. Felly, mae hi'n ymddangos i mi -
English: You need to conclude the question, please.
Welsh: Mae angen i chi orffen gofyn y cwestiwn, os gwelwch chi'n dda.
English: - there are opportunities from the zero-rated VAT on insulation that private landlords ought to be incentivised to seize. I'm not looking for grants; I want loans for private landlords so they do the right thing. Ultimately, I want to see sticks for private landlords who don't do the right thing, and I wonder if you could tell us a little bit more about that.
Welsh: - fe geir cyfleoedd yng ngradd sero TAW ar insiwleiddio y dylai landlordiaid preifat gael eu cymell i fanteisio arnyn nhw. Nid wyf i'n chwilio am grantiau; fe hoffwn i weld benthyciadau ar gael i landlordiaid preifat fel eu bod nhw'n gwneud y peth iawn. Yn y pen draw, fe hoffwn i weld gwialenni ar gyfer landlordiaid preifat nad ydyn nhw'n gwneud y peth iawn, a wnewch chi ddweud ychydig mwy wrthym am hynny, tybed?
English: Diolch, Dirprwy Lywydd. I welcome the statement. Recently, we discussed at the Climate Change, Environment and Infrastructure Committee the skills that will be necessary. Mark Bodger from the Construction Industry Training Board Wales said that they would be more than prepared to step in to that space. And of course, we've got the upcoming Net Zero Wales skills plan, and I understand that'll be published sometime this autumn. One of the criteria in that plan is to prevent existing labour-market inequalities being carried through into the new net-zero and digital economies. So, I hope that you will agree with me, Minister, that there is a huge opportunity here, and also, I believe, an obligation, to use the new Welsh housing quality standard to encourage and to support more females and members from ethnic minorities to take up careers in construction. If we look at sites, we're talking about only 2 or 3 per cent being female, and only upwards of 14 per cent if we look at the technical side roles. So, it's a huge untapped market when there are currently shortages in that labour market. Will you, Minister, with your colleagues, look at how to use the Welsh housing quality standard to turn around those numbers into a positive?
Welsh: Diolch, Dirprwy Lywydd. Rwy'n croesawu'r datganiad. Yn ddiweddar, fe fuom ni'n trafod y sgiliau y bydd eu hangen yn y Pwyllgor Newid Hinsawdd, Amgylchedd a Seilwaith. Fe ddywedodd Mark Bodger o Fwrdd Hyfforddi Diwydiant Adeiladu Cymru y bydden nhw'n fwy na pharod i ddod i'r adwy yn hynny o beth. Ac wrth gwrs, mae cynllun sgiliau Sero Net Cymru ar y gweill gennym ni, ac rwy'n deall y bydd hwnnw'n cael ei gyhoeddi rywbryd yn ystod yr hydref eleni. Un o'r meini prawf yn y cynllun hwnnw yw atal yr anghydraddoldebau presennol yn y farchnad lafur rhag cael eu trosglwyddo i'r economïau sero net a digidol newydd. Felly, rwy'n gobeithio eich bod chi'n cytuno â mi, Gweinidog, fod yna gyfle enfawr yn y fan hon, a hefyd, yn fy marn i, fe geir rhwymedigaeth hefyd, i ddefnyddio safon ansawdd tai newydd Cymru i annog a chefnogi mwy o fenywod ac aelodau o leiafrifoedd ethnig i ddilyn gyrfaoedd ym maes adeiladu. Os edrychwn ni ar safleoedd, rydym ni'n sôn am gyfradd o 2 neu 3 y cant yn unig o fenywod, a dim ond ychydig dros 14 y cant os edrychwn ni ar y swyddi ar yr ochr dechnegol. Felly, dyma farchnad enfawr heb ei defnyddio gyda'r prinder sydd yn y farchnad lafur honno ar hyn o bryd. A wnewch chi, Gweinidog, gyda'ch cyd-Aelodau chi, ystyried sut i ddefnyddio safon ansawdd tai Cymru i droi'r niferoedd hynny'n rhywbeth sy'n gadarnhaol?
English: Thank you, Minister. On behalf of all Members, I'm sure we'd like to welcome you back to the Chamber and express our thoughts for your difficulties in recent weeks.
Welsh: Diolch i chi, Gweinidog. Ar ran yr Aelodau i gyd, rwy'n siŵr y byddem ni'n hoffi eich croesawu chi'n ôl i'r Siambr a chydymdeimlo â chi yn yr anawsterau a welsoch chi yn ystod yr wythnosau diweddar.
English: We move on to item 6, a statement by the Minister for Finance and Local Government on the local government elections. I call on the Minister, Rebecca Evans.
Welsh: Symudwn ymlaen i eitem 6, datganiad gan y Gweinidog Cyllid a Llywodraeth Leol ar etholiadau llywodraeth leol. Galwaf ar y Gweinidog, Rebecca Evans.
English: I'm pleased to say that Labour won more than all other parties combined in England, but the real success for Labour is here in Wales, where the First Minister runs a popular and progressive Government, and nearly half of all Labour gains across the whole of the UK were here in Wales, which is fantastic. I'd like to congratulate all new councillors and hope they enjoy the important role as much as I did over the last 14 years. This year's supplement from Welsh Government to councils was a good one. However, the next two years will not be as high, and I see that capital funding will be reducing from the UK Government over the next three years, on top of the lack of European funding. With councils being cut to the bone under 10 years of Tory austerity, and mounting pressures on services, I heard this morning a BBC Radio Wales debate following a Sustrans report about the affordability of public transport and the rising cost of living as a real concern. Do you think that it is prudent that councils use this good settlement towards investing in the next two years, and continue to work positively with the Welsh Government during this very difficult time? Thank you.
Welsh: Rwy'n falch o ddweud bod Llafur wedi ennill mwy na'r holl bleidiau eraill gyda'i gilydd yn Lloegr, ond mae'r gwir lwyddiant i Lafur yma yng Nghymru, lle mae'r Prif Weinidog yn rhedeg Llywodraeth boblogaidd a blaengar, ac roedd bron i hanner yr holl enillion Llafur ar draws y DU gyfan yma yng Nghymru, sy'n wych. Hoffwn longyfarch pob cynghorydd newydd a gobeithio y byddan nhw'n mwynhau'r swyddogaeth bwysig gymaint ag y gwnes i dros y 14 mlynedd diwethaf. Roedd yr atodiad eleni gan Lywodraeth Cymru i gynghorau yn un da. Fodd bynnag, ni fydd y ddwy flynedd nesaf mor uchel, ac rwy'n gweld y bydd cyllid cyfalaf yn lleihau gan Lywodraeth y DU dros y tair blynedd nesaf, ar ben y diffyg cyllid Ewropeaidd. Gyda chynghorau'n cael eu torri i'r asgwrn o dan 10 mlynedd o gyni y Torïaid, a phwysau cynyddol ar wasanaethau, clywais y bore yma ddadl ar BBC Radio Wales yn dilyn adroddiad gan Sustrans am fforddiadwyedd trafnidiaeth gyhoeddus a chostau byw cynyddol fel pryder gwirioneddol. A ydych chi'n credu ei bod yn ddoeth i gynghorau ddefnyddio'r setliad da hwn tuag at fuddsoddi yn y ddwy flynedd nesaf, a pharhau i weithio'n gadarnhaol gyda Llywodraeth Cymru yn ystod y cyfnod anodd iawn hwn? Diolch.
English: Thank you, Deputy Presiding Officer. I welcome the Minister's statement. I congratulate all councillors elected at the election, whatever party. I know all of them will do their best for their constituents over the next five years. I also believe that a number of Members here are relieved they will not have to keep on declaring an interest every time an item comes up relating to local government. I'm sure that, when we see turnout for the 16 and 17-year-olds, it'll be lower than that for the general population. What younger people do not understand - just following on from what Llyr Gruffydd raised - is that they cannot use electronic means of voting, when they can use electronic means of paying for goods. They believe people would be more interested in trying to take their money off them than in trying to take their vote off them. Will the Welsh Government look at electronic voting at future elections? And whilst I welcome that candidates' addresses do not need to be on the ballot paper, why cannot the first part of the postcode be there, e.g. SA6, CF1, SA2, whatever it is, so people can see that the candidate may not live with an address that they're told of, but they can see they live in their area? The one thing that I've found in elections that people are most interested in is not your politics, but where you live.
Welsh: Diolch yn fawr, Dirprwy Lywydd. Croesawaf datganiad y Gweinidog. Rwy'n llongyfarch yr holl gynghorwyr a etholwyd yn yr etholiad, pa blaid bynnag. Gwn y bydd pob un ohonyn nhw'n gwneud eu gorau dros eu hetholwyr dros y pum mlynedd nesaf. Credaf hefyd fod nifer o Aelodau yma'n falch na fydd yn rhaid iddyn nhw barhau i ddatgan buddiant bob tro y bydd eitem yn codi ynghylch llywodraeth leol. Rwy'n siŵr, pan welwn ni faint o bobl ifanc 16 a 17 oed a bleidleisiodd, y bydd yn is na'r nifer ar gyfer y boblogaeth gyffredinol. Yr hyn nad yw pobl iau yn ei ddeall - dim ond i ddilyn ymlaen o'r hyn a gododd Llyr Gruffydd - yw na allan nhw ddefnyddio dulliau pleidleisio electronig, pan allan nhw ddefnyddio dulliau electronig o dalu am nwyddau. Maen nhw'n credu y byddai gan bobl fwy o ddiddordeb mewn ceisio tynnu eu harian oddi arnyn nhw na cheisio tynnu eu pleidlais oddi arnyn nhw. A wnaiff Llywodraeth Cymru ystyried pleidleisio electronig mewn etholiadau yn y dyfodol? Ac er fy mod yn croesawu'r ffaith nad oes angen i gyfeiriadau ymgeiswyr fod ar y papur pleidleisio, pam na all rhan gyntaf y cod post fod yno, e.e. SA6, CF1, SA2, beth bynnag ydyw, fel y gall pobl weld nad yw'r ymgeisydd efallai'n byw gyda chyfeiriad y dywedir wrthyn nhw amdano, ond gallan nhw weld eu bod yn byw yn eu hardal? Yr un peth yr wyf i wedi'i ganfod mewn etholiadau y mae gan bobl y diddordeb mwyaf ynddo yw nid eich gwleidyddiaeth chi, ond ble'r ydych chi'n byw.
English: Item 7 today, the Local Government and Elections (Wales) Act 2021 (Consequential Amendments) (Job-sharing and Assistants to the Executive) Regulations 2022, and I call on the Minister for Finance and Local Government to move the motion.
Welsh: Eitem 7 heddiw, Rheoliadau Deddf Llywodraeth Leol ac Etholiadau (Cymru) 2021 (Diwygiadau Canlyniadol) (Rhannu Swydd a Chynorthwywyr Gweithrediaeth) 2022, a galwaf ar y Gweinidog Cyllid a Llywodraeth Leol i wneud y cynnig.
English: I welcome the opportunity to bring forward the Local Government and Elections (Wales) Act 2021 (Consequential Amendments) (Job-sharing and Assistants to the Executive) Regulations 2022 today. These regulations make provision to ensure the arrangements in respect of job sharing apply as intended when the Local Government and Elections (Wales) Act 2021 was made. Fundamental to executive job-sharing arrangements is that members who share the same executive office have one vote between them and together count as one member when determining whether a meeting is quorate. These regulations are therefore required to ensure consistency with this principle in relation to democratic services committees, standards committees and governance and audit committees. The 2021 Act also makes provision for the appointment of members to assist the executive in carrying out its functions. These assistants are not members of the executive. The Act makes it clear that, for the purposes of allocating the one seat available to the executive on both the governance and audit committee or democratic services committee, one assistant to the executive or one member of the executive may be appointed, not both. These regulations are required to ensure consistency of arrangements in respect of a local authority's standards committee. I ask Members to approve these regulations today.
Welsh: Rwy'n croesawu'r cyfle i gyflwyno Rheoliadau Deddf Llywodraeth Leol ac Etholiadau (Cymru) 2021 (Diwygiadau Canlyniadol) (Rhannu Swydd a Chynorthwywyr Gweithrediaeth) 2022 heddiw. Mae'r rheoliadau hyn yn gwneud darpariaeth i sicrhau bod y trefniadau ynglŷn â rhannu swyddi yn gymwys fel y bwriadwyd pan wnaed Deddf Llywodraeth Leol ac Etholiadau (Cymru) 2021. Yn sylfaenol i drefniadau rhannu swyddi gweithredol yw bod gan aelodau sy'n rhannu'r un swydd weithredol un bleidlais rhyngddyn nhw a gyda'i gilydd yn cyfrif fel un aelod wrth benderfynu a yw cyfarfod yn gworwm. Felly, mae'r rheoliadau hyn yn ofynnol i sicrhau cysondeb â'r egwyddor hon o ran pwyllgorau gwasanaethau democrataidd, pwyllgorau safonau a phwyllgorau llywodraethu ac archwilio. Mae Deddf 2021 hefyd yn gwneud darpariaeth ar gyfer penodi aelodau i gynorthwyo'r weithrediaeth i gyflawni ei swyddogaethau. Nid yw'r cynorthwywyr hyn yn aelodau o'r weithrediaeth. Mae'r Ddeddf yn ei gwneud yn glir, at ddibenion dyrannu'r un sedd sydd ar gael i'r weithrediaeth ar y pwyllgor llywodraethu ac archwilio neu'r pwyllgor gwasanaethau democrataidd, y gellir penodi un cynorthwy-ydd i'r weithrediaeth neu un aelod o'r weithrediaeth, nid y ddau. Mae'n ofynnol i'r rheoliadau hyn sicrhau cysondeb o ran trefniadau ynglŷn â phwyllgor safonau awdurdod lleol. Gofynnaf i'r Aelodau gymeradwyo'r rheoliadau hyn heddiw.
English: I have no other speakers. Minister, do you have anything to add?
Welsh: Nid oes unrhyw siaradwyr eraill. Weinidog, a ydych am ychwanegu unrhyw beth arall?
English: No, thanks.
Welsh: Na, diolch.
English: Therefore, the proposal is to agree the motion. Does any Member object? There are no objections, and the motion is therefore agreed in accordance with Standing Order 12.36.
Welsh: Felly, y cwestiwn yw: a ddylid derbyn y cynnig? A oes unrhyw Aelod yn gwrthwynebu? Nag oes, felly derbynnir y cynnig yn unol â Rheol Sefydlog 12.36.
English: And that brings today's proceedings to a close. Thank you.
Welsh: A daw hynny â thrafodion heddiw i ben. Diolch yn fawr.
English: A very good morning to you all, and welcome to this meeting of the Climate Change, Environment, and Infrastructure Committee at the Welsh Parliament. A warm welcome to Members, some who are joining us face to face - for the first time this term - and others joining us virtually. We've received apologies from Jenny Rathbone, and we welcome Ken Skates, who will be substituting on her behalf. As I said, some Members - Joyce Watson, Delyth Jewell and Ken Skates - are joining us virtually. But with the exception of adaptations made in order to hold hybrid proceedings, all other Standing Order requirements and so on remain in place. And the public issues discussed in this meeting will be broadcast live on Senedd.tv. And a Record of Proceedings will also be published following the meeting, as usual. This is a bilingual meeting, so simultaneous interpretation is available, from Welsh to English, for those who need it. And before we move into our substantive items this morning, may I ask if any Members have any declarations of interest. No. Thank you very much.
Welsh: Bore da i chi i gyd, a chroeso i gyfarfod Pwyllgor Newid Hinsawdd, yr Amgylchedd a Seilwaith Senedd Cymru. Croeso i'r Aelodau, rhai yn ymuno â ni wyneb yn wyneb - am y tro cyntaf yn y tymor yma, wrth gwrs - a rhai yn ymuno â ni dros, neu yn rhithiol y dylwn i ei ddweud, dros y we. Dŷn ni wedi derbyn ymddiheuriad oddi wrth Jenny Rathbone, a dŷn ni'n croesawu Ken Skates i'n plith ni, a fydd yn dirprwyo ar ei rhan hi. Fel roeddwn i'n ei ddweud, mae rhai Aelodau - Joyce Watson, Delyth Jewell a Ken Skates - yn ymuno â ni drwy fideo-gynadledda. Ond ar wahân i'r addasiadau sy'n ymwneud â chynnal y trafodion mewn fformat hybrid, mae'r holl ofynion eraill, o safbwynt Rheolau Sefydlog, ac yn y blaen, yn aros yn eu lle. Ac mi fydd y materion cyhoeddus dŷn ni'n eu trafod yn y cyfarfod yma heddiw, wrth gwrs, yn cael eu darlledu'n fyw ar Senedd.tv. Ac mi fydd Cofnod y Trafodion hefyd, wrth gwrs, yn cael ei gyhoeddi ar ôl y cyfarfod, yn unol â'r arfer. Mae hwn yn gyfarfod dwyieithog, felly mae yna ddarpariaeth cyfieithu ar y pryd, o'r Gymraeg i'r Saesneg, i'r rhai sydd ei angen e. A chyn bwrw i mewn i'r prif eitemau yn y cyfarfod y bore yma, gaf i ofyn a oes gan unrhyw un unrhyw fuddiannau i'w datgan? Nac oes. Iawn. Ocê. Diolch yn fawr iawn.
English: We'll move on therefore to the main issues this morning, namely to take evidence from two panels of witnesses, who will steer our work on digital connectivity in Wales. And we will be mainly focused on broadband policies and access to broadband. So, the first panel are with us this morning. A very warm welcome to you all. I think the best way is to ask you to introduce yourselves, and tell us who you represent. And we'll start with Hywel.
Welsh: Felly, ymlaen â ni at brif faterion y cyfarfod y bore yma, sef wrth gwrs derbyn tystiolaeth gan ddau banel o dystion, a fydd yn llywio'n gwaith ni ar gysylltedd digidol yng Nghymru. Ac mi fydd ffocws ein gwaith ni yn bennaf yn canolbwyntio ar bolisïau band eang a mynediad i fand eang. Felly, mae'r panel cyntaf o'n blaenau ni y bore yma. Croeso i'r tri ohonoch chi. Dwi'n meddwl efallai mai'r man gorau i ddechrau yw drwy ofyn i chi gyflwyno'ch hunain a jest sôn beth yw'ch teitl chi a phwy rydych chi'n ei gynrychioli. Ac mi ddechreuwn ni yn fan hyn gyda Hywel.
English: Good morning. I'm Hywel Wiliam. I am chair of the Ofcom advisory committee for Wales. And we are a committee that is arm's length from Ofcom as a body. We provide advice on issues related to consumers and citizens in Wales in terms of communication services, but Ofcom doesn't have to accept our advice, so, as I said, it's an arm's-length relationship.
Welsh: Bore da. Fy enw i yw Hywel Wiliam. Rwy'n gadeirydd ar bwyllgor ymgynghorol Ofcom dros Gymru. Ac rydyn ni'n bwyllgor sydd hyd braich, mewn gwirionedd, o Ofcom fel corff. Rydyn ni'n cynnig a darparu cyngor i'r pwyllgor ar faterion yn ymwneud â defnyddwyr a dinasyddion yng Nghymru o ran y gwasanaethau cyfathrebiadau, ond does dim rhaid i Ofcom dderbyn ein cyngor ni, ac fel dwi'n ei ddweud, mae'r berthynas yna felly yn un hyd braich.
English: Good morning. Rhian Connick, head of the National Federation of Women's Institutes, Wales.
Welsh: Bore da. Rhian Connick, pennaeth swyddfa Cymru Sefydliad y Merched.
English: Thank you very much for joining us, and we look forward to hearing your evidence. So we'll move immediately to questions, and I'll invite Janet Finch-Saunders to ask the first question.
Welsh: Grêt. Diolch yn fawr iawn i chi am fod gyda ni, a dŷn ni'n edrych ymlaen i glywed y dystiolaeth a fydd gennych chi i'w rhoi i ni. Felly, awn ni'n syth mewn i gwestiynau, os cawn ni, ac mi wnaf i ofyn yn gyntaf i Janet Finch-Saunders i gychwyn.
English: We'll come to those in a moment, and also some of the specific support packages that you mentioned. Sian wants to come in on this too. I should have said that not all of you are expected to answer all the questions. There will be some targeted questions, but, Sian, if you'd like to respond, then we'll come back to Janet.
Welsh: Mi ddown ni at rai o'r rheini mewn munud, a hefyd rhai o'r pecynnau cefnogi penodol rŷch chi wedi sôn amdanyn nhw. Efallai awn ni ar ôl rhai o'r rheini yn benodol. Mae Sian eisiau dod i mewn ar hwn hefyd. Dylwn i fod wedi dweud, does dim disgwyl i bawb ateb pob cwestiwn, gyda llaw. Mi fydd yna gwestiynau wedi'u targedu yn benodol, ond, Sian, os ydych chi eisiau ymateb i hwn, yna fe ddown ni nôl at Janet wedyn.
English: That's a very valid point. As I say, we're an advisory body. Policy decisions aren't a matter for us; that would be a matter for Ofcom officials, and I understand that you will be discussing these issues with them in your next session. But certainly, as a committee, we are concerned about the affordability of even a basic service of up to 10 Mbps in terms of broadband service. As I say, I think part of the solution is alternative technologies.
Welsh: Mae hwn yn bwynt dilys iawn. Fel dwi'n dweud, corff sydd yn cynnig cyngor ŷn ni. Dyw penderfyniadau polisi fel yna ddim yn fater i ni fel corff; bydd hwnna'n fater i swyddogion Ofcom, ac rwy'n deall eich bod chi'n trafod y pethau yma gyda nhw yn y sesiwn nesaf. Ond yn sicr, fel pwyllgor, rŷn ni yn poeni am y gallu i bobl allu fforddio hyd yn oed gwasanaeth elfennol lan at 10 Mbps o ran band eang. Fel dwi'n dweud, rwy'n credu mai rhan o'r ateb yw technolegau amgen eraill.
English: There is a positive aspect to the universal service obligation that's worth remembering. Practically, when providers do come in and can provide broadband, then very often they invest far more than is necessary, because they realise that they may as well provide fibre. Technically, they could just have fibre to the nearest cabinet and then send copper to the location, but very often they say, 'No, we may as well put fibre in.' So, those people see an increase in their speed from maybe 1 Mbps to 100 Mbps or even 500 Mbps or up to 1 Gbps. Once you have fibre, then the speed shoots up. So, there are examples like that that do happen, which shows that the obligation does work, but there are limitations.
Welsh: Mae yna elfen bositif, wrth gwrs, i'r rhwymedigaeth gwasanaeth cyffredinol sy'n werth ei chofio. Yn ymarferol, pan mae darparwyr yn dod i mewn ac yn gallu darparu band eang, yn aml iawn maen nhw'n buddsoddi llawer yn fwy nag sydd angen, achos maen nhw'n sylweddoli bod man a man iddyn nhw osod ffeibr. Yn dechnegol, gallen nhw jest osod ffeibr i'r cabinet agosaf ac wedyn jest anfon copr o fanna i'r lleoliad, ond yn aml iawn maen nhw'n dweud, 'Na, na, man a man inni roi ffeibr i mewn.' Felly, mae'r bobl hynny yn gweld cynnydd yn eu cyflymder o efallai 1 Mbps i efallai 100 Mbps neu 500 Mbps, hyd yn oed, neu lan i 1 Gbps. Wedi ichi gael ffeibr i mewn, mae'r cyflymder yn saethu lan. So, mae yna enghreifftiau fel yna yn digwydd, sy'n dangos felly bod y rhwymedigaeth yn gweithio, ond mae yna gyfyngiadau.