English: Can I thank the Member for her questions and the keen interest that she has in rail transport across Wales? Until we have the powers that are equivalent to Scotland, the Member is right, we would not be able to enable public bodies to run our rail services. But I can tell her that in the new franchise - I think I'm on public record as saying that profits that have been earned in the current period have been excessive, but they will be capped in the next franchise, whilst there will also be incentives for the operator partner to ensure that services are improved, both in terms of quality and in terms of the regularity of services. In terms of Transport for Wales, this was established by the Welsh Government as a not-for-profit company to provide support and expertise to the Welsh Government in connection to transport projects in Wales. Now, although Transport for Wales is currently designing and undertaking the procurement process for the next Wales and borders rail services and metro, on behalf of the Welsh Government, once the franchise has been let, Transport for Wales will oversee the management and the joining up of services, such as marketing and integrated ticketing, which could be, again, delivered on the basis of not-for-profit principles. But over time the aspiration is to secure the necessary powers that would enable Transport for Wales to take on a much wider range of transport functions, indeed similar in nature to the operations of Transport for London, and the way that it manages the public transport network in the UK's capital. The Member is absolutely right that the franchise that we adopted was at best flimsy, and today is not fit for purpose. It was based on a zero-growth assumption at a time when many experts were predicting reduced passenger numbers on railway services. That has proven to be anything but the case. Over the next franchise period we expect passenger numbers to increase by 74 per cent, and it's essential, as part of the franchise process, to be able to demonstrate how bidders are going to be addressing the increase in passenger numbers. But there will be break clauses that would enable the Government to review the effective operation of the franchise and which would provide the Government with regular opportunities to assess the success of the eventual winner of the bidding process. With regard to electrification, we've been very clear that electrification must be delivered in a timely way to Cardiff and must extend across to Swansea, as was agreed. Yes, it comes with a considerable price tag, but the fact of the matter is that, during the current control period, Wales has fared incredibly poorly in terms of the amount that we've had spent on Network Rail's Wales franchise area. Only in the region of about 1 per cent of UK investment has been spent on the network in the Wales and borders franchise area - that is wholly inadequate given that it comprises something in the region of 6 per cent of the UK's network. So, it's absolutely essential that the modernisation of the south Wales line continues through to Swansea. Indeed, it's essential that we receive our fair share of investment in rail infrastructure, and if that is not possible it should be devolved to us with a fair funding settlement. It's also worth saying, I think, that modernisation of the rail network, and particularly in regard, again, to electrification, is essential in delivering on our objectives to decrease our carbon footprint. In terms of the decarbonisation agenda, if the UK Government is not able to modernise the railway network right through south Wales, then it will have a major impact on our carbon objectives, and that would be something that we would not be content with whatsoever. It's also essential that, if the UK Government deemed electrification was not to continue through to Swansea, then the money would still, in our view, have to come to Wales. It should not be spent elsewhere than Wales. As I say, if the UK Government does not believe that it should electrify that line, or modernise the entire network, then give us the powers and the resource and we'll do it.
Welsh: A gaf i ddiolch i'r Aelod am ei chwestiynau ac am ei diddordeb brwd mewn trafnidiaeth rheilffyrdd ledled Cymru? Nes inni gael pwerau cywerth â'r Alban, mae'r Aelod yn iawn, ni fyddem yn gallu galluogi cyrff cyhoeddus i gynnal ein gwasanaethau rheilffyrdd. Ond gallaf ddweud wrthi bod y fasnachfraint newydd - rwy'n meddwl fy mod ar gofnod cyhoeddus yn dweud bod yr elw a gafodd ei ennill yn y cyfnod cyfredol wedi bod yn ormodol, ond byddant yn cael eu capio yn y fasnachfraint nesaf, a bydd cymhellion hefyd i'r partner gweithredwr sicrhau bod gwasanaethau'n cael eu gwella, o ran ansawdd ac o ran rheoleidd-dra gwasanaethau. O ran Trafnidiaeth Cymru, sefydlwyd hwn gan Lywodraeth Cymru fel cwmni dielw i ddarparu cymorth ac arbenigedd i Lywodraeth Cymru mewn cysylltiad â phrosiectau trafnidiaeth yng Nghymru. Nawr, er bod Trafnidiaeth Cymru ar hyn o bryd yn dylunio ac yn ymgymryd â'r broses gaffael ar gyfer gwasanaethau rheilffyrdd nesaf Cymru a'r gororau a'r metro, ar ran Llywodraeth Cymru, cyn gynted ag y caiff y fasnachfraint ei gosod, Trafnidiaeth Cymru fydd yn goruchwylio prosesau rheoli ac uno gwasanaethau, fel marchnata a thocynnau integredig, a allai, unwaith eto, gael ei ddarparu ar sail egwyddorion dielw. Ond dros amser y dyhead yw sicrhau'r pwerau angenrheidiol a fyddai'n galluogi Trafnidiaeth Cymru i ymgymryd ag ystod lawer ehangach o swyddogaethau trafnidiaeth, yn wir yn debyg o ran natur i weithrediadau Transport for London, a'r ffordd y maen nhw'n rheoli'r rhwydwaith trafnidiaeth gyhoeddus ym mhrifddinas y DU. Mae'r Aelod yn llygad ei le wrth ddweud bod y fasnachfraint a fabwysiadwyd gennym yn simsan ar y gorau, ac nad yw heddiw'n addas i'r diben. Roedd yn seiliedig ar dybiaeth o ddim twf ar adeg pan oedd llawer o arbenigwyr yn rhagweld lleihau nifer y teithwyr ar wasanaethau rheilffyrdd. Mae hynny wedi profi i fod yn gwbl anghywir. Dros gyfnod y fasnachfraint nesaf rydym yn disgwyl i nifer y teithwyr gynyddu 74 y cant, ac mae'n hanfodol, fel rhan o'r broses fasnachfraint, i allu dangos sut y bydd cynigwyr yn ymdrin â'r cynnydd yn nifer y teithwyr. Ond bydd yna gymalau terfynu a fyddai'n galluogi'r Llywodraeth i adolygu gweithrediad effeithiol y fasnachfraint ac a fyddai'n rhoi cyfleoedd rheolaidd i'r Llywodraeth asesu llwyddiant enillydd y broses gynnig yn y pen draw. O ran trydaneiddio, rydym wedi bod yn glir iawn bod rhaid darparu trydaneiddio mewn ffordd amserol i Gaerdydd a bod rhaid iddo ymestyn ar draws i Abertawe, fel y cytunwyd. Ydy, mae'n golygu cost sylweddol, ond y ffaith amdani yw, yn ystod y cyfnod rheoli presennol, bod Cymru wedi gwneud yn anhygoel o wael o ran y swm sydd wedi'i wario ar ardal masnachfraint Cymru Network Rail. Dim ond tuag 1 y cant o fuddsoddiad y DU sydd wedi'i wario ar y rhwydwaith yn ardal masnachfraint Cymru a'r gororau - mae hynny'n gwbl annigonol o ystyried bod y fasnachfraint oddeutu 6 y cant o rwydwaith y DU. Felly, mae'n gwbl hanfodol bod y broses o foderneiddio rheilffordd y de'n parhau drwodd i Abertawe. Yn wir, mae'n hanfodol ein bod yn cael ein cyfran deg o fuddsoddiad yn y seilwaith rheilffyrdd, ac os nad yw hynny'n bosibl, dylid ei ddatganoli inni gyda setliad ariannu teg. Mae hefyd yn werth dweud, rwy'n meddwl, bod moderneiddio'r rhwydwaith rheilffyrdd, ac yn arbennig o ran, unwaith eto, trydaneiddio, yn hanfodol o ran cyflawni ein hamcanion i leihau ein hôl troed carbon. O ran yr agenda datgarboneiddio, os na all Llywodraeth y DU foderneiddio'r rhwydwaith rheilffyrdd drwy dde Cymru i gyd, bydd hynny'n cael effaith fawr ar ein hamcanion carbon, a byddai hynny'n rhywbeth na fyddem yn fodlon ag ef o gwbl. Mae hefyd yn hanfodol, pe byddai Llywodraeth y DU yn penderfynu na fyddai trydaneiddio'n parhau drwodd i Abertawe, bod rhaid i'r arian, yn ein barn ni, ddal i ddod i Gymru. Ni ddylid ei wario yn rhywle heblaw Cymru. Fel y dywedais, os nad yw Llywodraeth y DU yn credu y dylent drydaneiddio'r rheilffordd honno, neu foderneiddio'r rhwydwaith cyfan, rhowch y pwerau a'r adnoddau i ni ac fe wnawn ni hynny.