techiaith/cofnodycynulliad_en-cy huggingface dataset:
English: Will the Welsh Government legislate to ensure that all properties built or adapted for housing have to pay council tax based upon the band they're in and any second home premium charged by the local authority, or that the business rate relief for rented out properties is abolished? Because I think this is a loophole: it has to be available for 140 days; it is quite easy to make something available for 140 days, and get round it. It has to be let out for 70 days, whether renting out to family counts, which a lot of people do, in that you collect more rent, but they let family members use it, and therefore that builds up to the 70 days. So, will the Government look at taking either of those two actions, to ensure that local authorities get the money they deserve?
Welsh: A wnaiff Llywodraeth Cymru ddeddfu i sicrhau bod yn rhaid i bob eiddo sy'n cael ei adeiladu neu ei addasu ar gyfer tai dalu'r dreth gyngor yn seiliedig ar y band y maen nhw ynddo a bod unrhyw bremiwm ail gartref sy'n cael ei godi gan yr awdurdod lleol, neu'r rhyddhad ardrethi busnes ar gyfer eiddo rhent yn cael eu diddymu? Oherwydd rwy'n credu bod hwn yn fwlch: mae'n rhaid iddo fod ar gael am 140 diwrnod; mae'n hawdd iawn rhoi rhywbeth ar gael am 140 diwrnod, a'i osgoi. Mae'n rhaid ei osod am 70 diwrnod, pa un a yw rhentu i deulu yn cyfrif, y mae llawer o bobl yn ei wneud, o'r safbwynt eich bod yn casglu mwy o rent, ond maen nhw'n gadael i aelodau teulu ei ddefnyddio, ac felly mae hynny'n cronni i'r 70 diwrnod. Felly, a wnaiff y Llywodraeth ystyried edrych ar y naill neu'r llall o'r ddau gam hynny, i sicrhau bod awdurdodau lleol yn cael yr arian y maen nhw'n ei haeddu?
English: We've legislated to allow local authorities to charge council tax premiums on second homes. As I said in the answer earlier, it's the responsibility of the Valuation Office Agency - independently of the Government - to determine the status of each property in Wales. As I said, those second home owners who try to game the system could find themselves facing very large backdated bills for council tax. But, again, I refer to the answer I gave earlier, where a review is being conducted, to examine the scale of the problem in different parts of Wales.
Welsh: Rydym ni wedi deddfu i ganiatáu i awdurdodau lleol godi premiymau treth gyngor ar ail gartrefi. Fel y dywedais yn yr ateb yn gynharach, cyfrifoldeb Asiantaeth y Swyddfa Brisio - yn annibynnol ar y Llywodraeth - yw pennu statws pob eiddo yng Nghymru. Fel y dywedais, gallai'r perchnogion ail gartrefi hynny sy'n ceisio twyllo'r system ganfod eu hunain yn wynebu biliau wedi'u hôl-ddyddio mawr iawn ar gyfer y dreth gyngor. Ond, unwaith eto, cyfeiriaf at yr ateb a roddais yn gynharach, sy'n golygu bod adolygiad yn cael ei gynnal, i archwilio maint y broblem mewn gwahanol rannau o Gymru.
English: That's a figure that's simply wrong. If he wishes to provide me with evidence for that figure, I'm willing to hear it.
Welsh: Mae hwnna'n ffigur sy'n gwbl anghywir. Os yw'n dymuno rhoi tystiolaeth o'r ffigur hwnnw i mi, rwy'n barod i'w chlywed.
English: First Minister, these are figures from the Welsh branch of the NASUWT union, and this is despite having a funding settlement that allows £120 to be spent per person in Wales for every £100 spent in England. But it's not just your decision to underfund schools that has led to a decline in standards, it is the failure of your Government to set a clear direction for education here in Wales. Let's take the Programme for International Student Assessment targets, for example - a clear measure of managed decline in school standards. In 2011, your colleague, and the then education Minister, Leighton Andrews - Leighton Andrews: remember him? Yes; perhaps you don't want to remember him - set the ambitious target that, by 2015, Wales would be ranked in the top 20 countries for PISA results. The reality, First Minister, is that we are currently ranking thirty-ninth out of 71, and now there's no target at all. There is no ambition, no drive and no desire at the heart of your administration to develop an internationally competitive education system, which speaks volumes from a tired and unambitious Welsh Labour Government. So, do you agree with your previous colleague Leighton Andrews that Wales's education system continues to be complacent, falling short of being consistently good and not delivering the outcomes that our learners deserve? Would you agree that Wales's education system is currently in a weaker place now than when you became First Minister?
Welsh: Prif Weinidog, mae'r rhain yn ffigurau gan gangen Cymru undeb Cymdeithas Genedlaethol yr Ysgolfeistri ac Undeb yr Athrawesau, ac mae hyn er gwaethaf cael setliad ariannu sy'n caniatáu i £120 gael ei wario fesul person yng Nghymru ar gyfer pob £100 sy'n cael ei wario yn Lloegr. Ond nid eich penderfyniad i dan-ariannu ysgolion yn unig sydd wedi arwain at ddirywiad i safonau, ond methiant eich Llywodraeth i bennu cyfeiriad eglur ar gyfer addysg yma yng Nghymru. Gadewch i ni edrych ar dargedau'r Rhaglen Ryngwladol Asesu Myfyrwyr, er enghraifft - mesuriad eglur o ddirywiad wedi ei reoli mewn safonau ysgolion. Yn 2011, pennwyd y targed uchelgeisiol gan eich cyd-Aelod, y Gweinidog addysg ar y pryd, Leighton Andrews - Leighton Andrews: ydych chi'n ei gofio fe? Ie; efallai nad ydych chi eisiau ei gofio - y byddai Cymru, erbyn 2015, yn yr 20 gwlad uchaf o ran canlyniadau PISA. Y gwir amdani, Prif Weinidog, yw ein bod ni yn y nawfed ar ddeg ar hugain safle allan o 71 ar hyn o bryd, ac nid oes unrhyw darged o gwbl erbyn hyn. Nid oes unrhyw uchelgais, dim ysgogiad a dim awydd wrth wraidd eich gweinyddiaeth i ddatblygu system addysg sy'n gystadleuol yn rhyngwladol, sy'n dweud cyfrolau gan Lywodraeth Lafur Cymru flinedig ac sy'n dangos diffyg uchelgais. Felly, a ydych chi'n cytuno â'ch cyd-Aelod blaenorol, Leighton Andrews, bod system addysg Cymru yn parhau i fod yn hunanfodlon, ac yn methu â bod yn gyson dda a chyflawni canlyniadau y mae ein dysgwyr yn eu haeddu? A ydych chi'n cytuno bod system addysg Cymru mewn lle gwannach ar hyn o bryd nag yr oedd pryd y daethoch chi'n Brif Weinidog?
English: First Minister, you said yourself that you took your eye off the ball on education. Clearly, your party has been asleep at the wheel for the last decade. And let me give you some figures: under your party's stewardship, we've seen the worst GCSE results in a decade; the lowest ranking PISA scores in the UK, with educational attainment ranking behind countries like Vietnam and Slovakia; an 8 per cent real-terms cut to funding for education, with schools braced to experience more cuts; and the leader of your own council in your own constituency has warned that the £57 million funding gap in education created by your Government could see the loss of 1,300 teachers or 2,400 teaching assistants across Wales. It's completely unacceptable that our pupils' and Wales's future are shouldering the burden of your Government's incompetence in this area. Our children are worth more than what you give them, First Minister. When you took office in 2009, was this the type of reform you set out to achieve? And, are you proud of your record on education?
Welsh: Prif Weinidog, dywedasoch eich hun eich bod chi wedi cymryd eich llygad oddi ar y bêl o ran addysg. Yn amlwg, mae eich plaid wedi bod yn cysgu wrth yr olwyn dros y degawd diwethaf. A gadewch i mi roi rhai ffigurau i chi: o dan stiwardiaeth eich plaid chi, rydym ni wedi gweld y canlyniadau TGAU gwaethaf mewn degawd; y sgoriau PISA isaf yn y DU, gyda chyrhaeddiad addysgol sy'n waeth na gwledydd fel Fietnam a Slofacia; a thoriad o 8 y cant mewn termau real i gyllid ar gyfer addysg, gydag ysgolion yn paratoi ar gyfer mwy o doriadau; ac mae arweinydd eich cyngor eich hun yn eich etholaeth eich hun wedi rhybuddio y gallai'r bwlch ariannu o £57 miliwn ym maes addysg a grëwyd gan eich Llywodraeth chi arwain at golli 1,300 o athrawon neu 2,400 o gynorthwywyr addysgu ledled Cymru. Mae'n gwbl annerbyniol bod dyfodol ein disgyblion a dyfodol Cymru yn ysgwyddo baich anallu eich Llywodraeth yn y maes hwn. Mae ein plant yn werth mwy na'r hyn yr ydych chi'n ei roi iddyn nhw, Prif Weinidog. Pan gawsoch eich penodi i'r swydd yn 2009, ai dyma'r math o ddiwygio yr oeddech chi'n bwriadu ei gyflawni? Ac a ydych chi'n falch o'ch hanes ar addysg?
English: Yes and yes. But let me say two things to him: his party went into the 2011 Assembly election with a vow to cut education spending by 20 per cent - 20 per cent. His own leader at the time, Nick Bourne, said it - [ Interruption.] - I know you don't like it, but he said it live on a BBC Wales interview. We saw the alternative budget that his party provided, and if he has any complaint, then surely it's the fact that we haven't cut education spending enough as far as he is concerned. Secondly, I've no doubt that we will sit here over the course of the next half an hour or so, and, indeed, in the weeks to come, while he will demand that we spend more money on everything - health, education, local government, everything - and we would like to do that. We would like to do that, but the reality is we have £4 billion less as a result of his party's policies than otherwise we would have if spending had kept up with economic development. He cannot have it both ways; he can't stand up here every week and demand money for each and every part of the Government every single week without being responsible and saying where that money is coming from. He won't do that because that's just too difficult.
Welsh: Ie ac ydw. Ond gadewch i mi ddweud dau beth wrtho: aeth ei blaid ef i mewn i etholiad Cynulliad 2011 gydag addewid i dorri gwariant ar addysg gan 20 y cant - 20 y cant. Dywedodd ei arweinydd ei hun ar y pryd, Nick Bourne, y byddai - [ Torri ar draws.] - gwn nad ydych chi'n hoffi hyn, ond fe'i dywedodd yn fyw mewn cyfweliad ar BBC Wales. Gwelsom y gyllideb amgen a ddarparwyd gan ei blaid, ac os oes ganddo unrhyw gŵyn, does bosib nad honno yw'r ffaith nad ydym wedi torri digon ar wariant ar addysg cyn belled ag y mae ef yn y cwestiwn. Yn ail, nid oes gen i unrhyw amheuaeth y byddwn ni'n eistedd yma yn ystod yr hanner awr nesaf, ac, yn wir, yn yr wythnosau i ddod, tra ei fod ef yn mynnu ein bod ni'n gwario mwy o arian ar bopeth - iechyd, addysg, llywodraeth leol, popeth - a hoffem ni wneud hynny. Hoffem wneud hynny, ond y gwir amdani yw bod gennym ni £4 biliwn yn llai o ganlyniad i bolisïau ei blaid ef nag y byddai gennym ni fel arall pe byddai gwariant wedi cadw i fyny â datblygiad economaidd. Ni all ei chael hi bob ffordd; ni all ef sefyll ar ei draed yma bob wythnos a gofyn am arian ar gyfer pob un rhan o'r Llywodraeth bob un wythnos heb fod yn gyfrifol a dweud o ble mae'r arian hwnnw'n dod. Ni fydd yn gwneud hynny gan fod hynny'n rhy anodd.
English: These are matters, of course, that are not devolved, but I certainly join with him in wishing to see a peaceful solution to the conflict in Yemen. The current situation is unsustainable - innocent lives are being lost - and I know the UK Government's position is also that a peace settlement needs to be reached, and soon.
Welsh: Mae'r rhain yn faterion, wrth gwrs, nad ydynt wedi eu datganoli, ond rwy'n sicr yn ymuno ag ef o ran dymuno gweld ateb heddychlon i'r rhyfel yn Yemen. Mae'r sefyllfa bresennol yn anghynaliadwy - mae bywydau diniwed yn cael eu colli - a gwn mai safbwynt Llywodraeth y DU hefyd yw bod angen dod i gytundeb heddwch, a hynny'n fuan.
English: You say that it's a non-devolved matter, but are ethics non-devolved? Is morality non-devolved? Where does it say in the Government of Wales Act 2006 that matters of conscience are reserved to Westminster? Thousands of people have died in the Yemeni conflict, many of them civilians, and among them children. The leader of the Labour Party has called upon the UK Government to end arms exports to Saudi Arabia, which, as he has pointed out, stands accused of war crimes by the United Nations. Now, on Sunday, at a solemn ceremony at the Cenotaph to commemorate the victims of war, you and I both pledged, and I quote, 'To strive for all that makes peace.' So, in honour of that pledge, are you prepared to promise that no Welsh Government money will go to a company that is directly supplying weapons to Saudi Arabia while this bloody conflict continues?
Welsh: Rydych chi'n dweud ei fod yn fater nad yw wedi ei ddatganoli, ond a yw moeseg yn rhywbeth nad yw wedi ei ddatganoli? A yw moesoldeb yn rhywbeth nad yw wedi ei ddatganoli? Ble mae'n dweud yn Neddf Llywodraeth Cymru 2006 bod materion y cydwybod wedi eu cadw yn ôl i San Steffan? Mae miloedd o bobl wedi marw yn y rhyfel yn Yemen, llawer ohonyn nhw yn sifiliaid, a phlant yn eu plith. Mae arweinydd y Blaid Lafur wedi galw ar Lywodraeth y DU i roi terfyn ar allforio arfau i Saudi Arabia, sydd, fel y nododd, wedi cael ei chyhuddo o droseddau rhyfel gan y Cenhedloedd Unedig. Nawr, ddydd Sul, mewn seremoni sanctaidd ger y Senotaff i goffáu'r rhai a laddwyd mewn rhyfeloedd, gwnaed addewid gennych chi a minnau, a dyfynnaf, 'I ymdrechu am bopeth sy'n sicrhau heddwch.' Felly, i anrhydeddu'r addewid hwnnw, a ydych chi'n barod i addo y bydd dim o arian Llywodraeth Cymru yn mynd i gwmni sy'n cyflenwi arfau yn uniongyrchol i Saudi Arabia tra bod y rhyfel gwaedlyd hwn yn parhau?
English: I am not aware of any company that's received money in that sense. We certainly haven't had contracts with the Saudi Government, and we share the UK Government's concern, not just in terms of what's happened in Yemen, but of course the well-publicised murder of the journalist, Khashoggi, in Turkey. There are questions for Saudi Arabia to answer, and I agree with him that we should be very careful indeed, as things stand at the moment, with those two situations in terms of the way in which we engage with the Saudi Government.
Welsh: Nid wyf i'n ymwybodol o unrhyw gwmni sydd wedi cael arian yn yr ystyr hwnnw. Yn sicr nid ydym ni wedi trefnu contractau gyda Llywodraeth Saudi Arabia, ac rydym ni'n rhannu pryder Llywodraeth y DU, nid yn unig o ran yr hyn sydd wedi digwydd yn Yemen, ond wrth gwrs llofruddiaeth y newyddiadurwr, Khashoggi, yn Nhwrci, sydd wedi cael cymaint o gyhoeddusrwydd. Mae cwestiynau i Saudi Arabia eu hateb, ac rwy'n cytuno ag ef y dylem ni fod yn ofalus iawn, fel y mae pethau ar hyn o bryd, gyda'r ddwy sefyllfa hynny o ran y ffordd yr ydym ni'n ymgysylltu â Llywodraeth Saudi.
English: Well, I can tell the First Minister that the Welsh Government has given over £1 million to the US defence firm Raytheon. According to CNN, Raytheon's weapons have been used in the targeted bombing of civilians in Yemen. Information from the US Department of Defense confirms that Raytheon's Welsh operations are directly and substantially involved in delivering hundreds more air-to-ground missiles to the Saudi Arabian military. That $300 million deal, incidentally, was signed a week after the chief executive officer of Raytheon flew to Riyadh to lobby Mohammed bin Salman on whose instruction Jamal Khashoggi, whom the First Minister just referred to, was reportedly murdered. So, can I ask you, First Minister, to honour your pledge and commit that not a single penny more of public money from Wales will go to a company involved in the supply of weapons to this murderous and barbaric regime?
Welsh: Wel, gallaf ddweud wrth y Prif Weinidog bod Llywodraeth Cymru wedi rhoi dros £1 filiwn i gwmni amddiffyn Raytheon yn yr Unol Daleithiau. Yn ôl CNN, defnyddiwyd arfau Raytheon yn y bomio wedi'i dargedu o sifiliaid yn Yemen. Mae gwybodaeth gan Adran Amddiffyn yr Unol Daleithiau yn cadarnhau bod gweithrediadau Raytheon yng Nghymru yn cymryd rhan yn uniongyrchol ac yn sylweddol yn y broses o ddanfon cannoedd yn fwy o daflegrau aer i dir i fyddin Saudi Arabia. Llofnodwyd y cytundeb $300 miliwn hwnnw, gyda llaw, wythnos ar ôl i brif swyddog gweithredol Raytheon hedfan i Riyadh i lobïo Mohammed bin Salman, y dywedwyd mai ar ei gyfarwydd ef y llofruddiwyd Jamal Khashoggi, y mae'r Prif Weinidog newydd gyfeirio ato. Felly, a gaf i ofyn i chi, Prif Weinidog, i anrhydeddu eich addewid ac ymrwymo na fydd yr un geiniog arall o arian cyhoeddus o Gymru yn mynd i gwmni sy'n ymwneud â chyflenwi arfau i'r gyfundrefn lofruddiol a barbaraidd hon?
English: Well, the leader of Plaid Cymru has raised an important issue there in terms of Raytheon. It's not clear what the involvement of the Raytheon plant in Deeside is with regard to Saudi Arabia. I will, however, find out, and I will write to him once I've established what the connection is. Upon seeing the results of that investigation, I will then of course respond fully to the points that he's raised.
Welsh: Wel, mae arweinydd Plaid Cymru wedi codi mater pwysig yn y fan yna o ran Raytheon. Nid yw'n eglur beth yw cyfraniad ffatri Raytheon yng Nglannau Dyfrdwy o ran Saudi Arabia. Fodd bynnag, byddaf yn darganfod hynny, a byddaf yn ysgrifennu ato ar ôl o mi sefydlu beth yw'r cysylltiad. Ar ôl gweld canlyniadau'r ymchwiliad hwnnw, byddaf yn ymateb yn llawn wedyn, wrth gwrs, i'r pwyntiau y mae ef wedi eu codi.
English: Diolch, Llywydd. First Minister, one of the early policies enacted by the Welsh Government was to introduce a new educational qualification, the Welsh baccalaureate, or 'Welsh bac', as it is known. The Welsh bac has come under criticism, so do you still believe it has been a worthwhile addition to the national curriculum in Wales?
Welsh: Diolch, Llywydd. Prif Weinidog, un o'r polisïau cynnar a ddeddfwyd gan Lywodraeth Cymru oedd cyflwyno cymhwyster addysgol newydd, bagloriaeth Cymru, neu 'bac Cymru', fel y'i gelwir. Mae bagloriaeth Cymru wedi cael ei feirniadu, felly a ydych chi'n dal i gredu ei fod wedi bod yn ychwanegiad gwerthfawr at y cwricwlwm cenedlaethol yng Nghymru?
English: Yes, I thought you would probably endorse it, so thank you for the answer. I have to say that you didn't tell us why you think that, but perhaps that will become - [ Interruption.] I didn't ask. That may perhaps become clearer as we progress. I have to say - [ Interruption. ] I have to say, the majority of students doing the A-level version of the Welsh bac probably don't agree with your assessment of it - not as far as I can see. One of the issues is that A-level students trying to get into the UK's top universities have enough on their plate as it is with three A-levels to cope with. Then, your Government goes and handicaps them in Wales by forcing them to study an extra subject, the Welsh bac, which most of the top UK universities don't even recognise, and which doesn't count towards their grades for getting onto the top courses. Would you accept that your - [ Interruption. ] Would you accept that your Welsh bac is simply making life more difficult for Welsh A-level students?
Welsh: Ie, roeddwn i'n meddwl ei bod hi'n debygol y byddech chi'n ei gymeradwyo, felly diolch am yr ateb. Mae'n rhaid i mi ddweud na wnaethoch chi ddweud wrthym ni pam yr ydych chi'n credu hynny, ond efallai y daw - [ Torri ar draws.] Wnes i ddim gofyn. Efallai y daw hynny'n fwy eglur wrth i ni symud ymlaen. Mae'n rhaid i mi ddweud - [ Torri ar draws. ] Mae'n rhaid i mi ddweud, mae'n debyg na fydd mwyafrif y myfyrwyr sy'n astudio fersiwn Safon Uwch bagloriaeth Cymru yn cytuno â'ch asesiad chi ohono - nid cyn belled ag y gallaf i ei weld. Un o'r problemau yw bod gan fyfyrwyr Safon Uwch sy'n ceisio cael eu derbyn i brifysgolion gorau'r DU ddigon ar eu plât fel y mae hi gyda thri chymhwyster Safon Uwch i ymdopi â nhw. Yna, mae eich Llywodraeth yn mynd ati i'w rhoi o dan anfantais yng Nghymru drwy eu gorfodi i astudio pwnc ychwanegol, bagloriaeth Cymru, nad yw'r rhan fwyaf o brifysgolion gorau'r DU yn ei gydnabod hyd yn oed, ac nad yw'n cyfrif tuag at eu graddau ar gyfer cael lle ar y cyrsiau gorau. A ydych chi'n derbyn bod eich - [ Torri ar draws. ] A ydych chi'n derbyn bod eich bagloriaeth Cymru yn gwneud bywyd yn fwy anodd i fyfyrwyr Safon Uwch Cymru?
English: This is not American politics. We like to see questions that are asked on the basis of evidence - any evidence, actually. He said that most A-level students probably wouldn't agree with me. He offers no evidence for that. He suggests that most universities see the Welsh bac as some kind of imposition or don't recognise it. There's no evidence for that at all. He believes that the Welsh bac itself is somehow handicapping our students. There's no evidence for that at all. Because what I can tell him is - I have a child, he's 16 years old, he's studying GCSEs this year, and the Welsh bac is immensely useful, because it teaches students how to operate in life and in work beyond academic subjects. They'll research topics and find out about areas like community work, they look at entrepreneurship - all the things that aren't taught in traditional subjects. So, I think what the bac does is prepare our young people in the broadest way possible not just for academic qualifications, but for the world of work. I know that many employers that I've spoken to - so that I'm not accused of making things up - have said to me that they find that those who've gone through the Welsh bac and have that qualification are better prepared to start in the world of work.
Welsh: Nid gwleidyddiaeth America yw hyn. Rydym ni'n hoffi gweld cwestiynau a ofynnir ar sail tystiolaeth - unrhyw dystiolaeth, a dweud y gwir. Dywedodd ei bod yn debygol na fyddai mwyafrif y myfyrwyr Safon Uwch yn cytuno â mi. Nid yw'n cynnig unrhyw dystiolaeth ar gyfer hynny. Mae'n awgrymu bod y rhan fwyaf o brifysgolion yn gweld bagloriaeth Cymru fel rhyw fath o orfodaeth neu nad ydynt yn ei gydnabod. Nid oes unrhyw dystiolaeth o hynny o gwbl. Mae'n credu bod bagloriaeth Cymru ei hun rywsut yn rhoi ein myfyrwyr o dan anfantais. Nid oes unrhyw dystiolaeth o hynny o gwbl. Oherwydd yr hyn y gallaf ei ddweud wrtho yw - mae gen i blentyn, mae'n 16 mlwydd oed, mae'n astudio ar gyfer TGAU eleni, ac mae bagloriaeth Cymru yn hynod ddefnyddiol, gan ei fod yn addysgu myfyrwyr sut i weithredu mewn bywyd ac mewn gwaith y tu hwnt i bynciau academaidd. Byddan nhw'n ymchwilio i bynciau ac yn dod i wybod am feysydd fel gwaith cymunedol, maen nhw'n edrych ar entrepreneuriaeth - yr holl bethau nad ydyn nhw'n cael eu haddysgu mewn pynciau traddodiadol. Felly, rwy'n credu mai'r hyn y mae'r bac yn ei wneud yw paratoi ein pobl ifanc yn y ffordd ehangaf bosibl nid yn unig ar gyfer cymwysterau academaidd, ond ar gyfer y byd gwaith. Gwn fod llawer o gyflogwyr yr wyf i wedi siarad â nhw - fel nad wyf i'n cael fy nghyhuddo o ddweud celwydd - wedi dweud wrthyf eu bod nhw'n canfod bod y rhai sydd wedi bod trwy fagloriaeth Cymru ac wedi ennill y cymhwyster hwnnw wedi eu paratoi'n well i ddechrau yn y byd gwaith.