English: Thank you very much. I think that you've hit the nail on the head. As the Welsh language gets more and more rights, fewer people are speaking it. You've actually got to the root of the issue in the field of language planning. Interestingly, the whole language Measure appertains to the Welsh language in the abstract. It doesn't appertain to Welsh people. There are rights for the Welsh language. Now, if you want to talk about usage, the standards don't really apply to that. Fundamentally, schemes or standards that mean that you have to have so many people or posts through the medium of Welsh, and that that happens - obviously, it's easier for the public sector to deal with that - and that you have posts, as was mentioned here - . Gwynedd already works through the medium of Welsh. Anglesey is moving in that direction. It's crucial that Ceredigion and Carmarthenshire should also go in that direction. Then, suddenly, without any more expense - cost doesn't come into this at all - you would have thousands of posts where people were working through the medium of Welsh. The problem that we have in the field of learning Welsh and the thousands who are going through Welsh-medium education is that they leave school and then there is no natural opportunity for them to speak Welsh after leaving school, because English is the predominant language everywhere, almost. But if you change the language of administration in those counties, and also according to the percentage of speakers in other counties - say, Cardiff: 15 per cent of local posts through the medium of Welsh - then, suddenly, you would be able to create thousands of new opportunities for school leavers and for workers to use the language. Interestingly, the Basque Country has the same kind of problems as us, but, in the first place, they have set about increasing the numbers, which has worked extremely successfully in the autonomous Basque community, with an increase from some 0.5 million to 0.75 million in 20 years. That was a Government step. But there are other steps, and without other steps, those steps don't take us, perhaps, further than the situation of the language in Ireland. In the Basque Country, they've had the same problems as us, and in Catalonia as well, in terms of trying to persuade people to use the minority language at home. That is a completely basic task, and not one of the countries has been able to resolve it. But where they've managed to resolve some of that in the Basque Country is by getting the Basque language to be the language of the workplace. So, you've got many more people, therefore, using the Basque language, and they have statistics - I believe every five years - of the percentages using the Basque language. They demonstrate that there's been an increase in the use of the Basque language in the workplace and amongst friends, but not in the home. So, it's quite difficult to tackle this in these areas, but there are ways to start to approach it. But it won't be easy.
Welsh: Diolch yn fawr. Rydw i'n credu eich bod chi wedi taro ar bwynt cwbl allweddol. Wrth i'r Gymraeg gael mwy a mwy o hawliau, mae llai a llai o bobl yn ei siarad. Rŷch chi'n mynd at fater gwaelodol ym maes cynllunio iaith. Yn ddiddorol, mae'r holl Fesur iaith yn ymwneud â'r Gymraeg fel abstract. Nid yw'n ymwneud â phobl Gymraeg. Mae yna hawliau i'r Gymraeg. Nawr, os ŷch chi eisiau sôn am ddefnydd, nid yw'r safonau'n ymwneud â hynny, mewn gwirionedd. Yn waelodol i hynny, byddai cynlluniau neu safonau sydd yn golygu bod rhaid cael hyn a hyn o swyddi drwy gyfrwng y Gymraeg, a bod hyn yn digwydd - mae'n amlwg mai'r gwasanaethau cyhoeddus yw'r man hawsaf i ddelio gyda hynny - a bod gyda chi swyddi, fel y dywedwyd fan hyn - . Mae Gwynedd yn barod yn gweithredu drwy gyfrwng y Gymraeg. Mae Môn yn symud i'r cyfeiriad yna. Mae'n hollbwysig bod Ceredigion a Chaerfyrddin yn mynd i'r cyfeiriad yna. Wedyn, yn sydyn, byddai gyda chi, heb fwy o gost - nid yw cost yn ymwneud â hyn o gwbl - filoedd o swyddi lle byddai pobl yn gweithio drwy gyfrwng y Gymraeg. Y broblem fawr sydd gyda ni ym maes y bobl sy'n dysgu'r Gymraeg ac ym maes y miloedd sy'n mynd drwy addysg Gymraeg yw eu bod nhw'n gadael yr ysgol a bod dim cyfleoedd naturiol wedyn iddyn nhw siarad y Gymraeg, gan fod y Saesneg yn drech, bron, ym mhob maes bywyd. Os ŷch chi'n newid iaith gwaith yn y siroedd yna, a hefyd yn ôl canrannau siaradwyr yn y siroedd eraill - dywedwch, Caerdydd: 15 y cant o'r swyddi lleol drwy gyfrwng y Gymraeg - yn sydyn, rŷch chi'n creu miloedd o gyfleoedd i bobl sydd yn gadael yr ysgol ac i weithwyr ddefnyddio'r Gymraeg. Yn ddiddorol, mae Gwlad y Basgiaid yn cael yr un math o broblemau â ninnau, ond maen nhw wedi mynd yn y lle cyntaf i gynyddu niferoedd, sydd wedi gweithio'n hynod, hynod o lwyddiannus yng nghymuned ymreolus y Basgiaid, ac wedi codi o ryw 0.5 miliwn i 0.75 miliwn mewn 20 mlynedd. Dyna gam y Llywodraeth. Ond mae yna gamau eraill, a heb y camau eraill, nid yw'r camau yna'n mynd â ni, efallai, ymhellach na sefyllfa'r iaith yn Iwerddon. Yng Ngwlad y Basgiaid, maen nhw wedi cael yr un problemau â ni, ac yng Nghatalonia hefyd, o ran trio annog cartrefi i ddefnyddio'r iaith leiafrifol. Mae honno'n dasg gwbl, gwbl sylfaenol, ac nid oes un o'r gwledydd wedi datrys hynny. Ond lle maen nhw wedi datrys tipyn o hynny yng Ngwlad y Basgiaid yw drwy gael y Fasgeg yn iaith gwaith. Mae llawer mwy o bobl, felly, yn defnyddio'r Fasgeg, ac mae yna ystadegau gyda nhw - ai bob pum mlynedd - am y canrannau sydd yn defnyddio'r Fasgeg. Mae yna gynnydd wedi bod yn y defnydd o'r iaith ym myd gwaith ac ymysg ffrindiau, ond nid yn y cartref. Felly, mae yna waith anodd iawn i'w wneud yn y meysydd yna, ond mae yna ryw ffyrdd i ddechrau mynd ar hyd y ffordd yna. Ond bydd e ddim yn hawdd.