English: I've listened carefully to everyone's contributions this afternoon, and I hear many arguments that are contradictory. One challenge for the Tories is the lack of investment from the UK Government before this Senedd came into existence, because this has been a problem that's been with us over many decades, and although I do have some criticisms of the Welsh Government since the inception of the Assembly, there is a responsibility on the UK Government too, and I think we all have to recognise that. It's a complex debate, isn't it, because it's about transport on the one hand, but also, as we see, the climate emergency is at the heart of all this, as is public health - they are all inter-related. And although I've expressed concerns earlier in terms of tolls on the A470, I'm not opposed to the concept of tolls or radical action if it is in a broader context. For me, when residents received surveys over the summer, they got in touch with me not to complain that they would have to pay to use the A470 - they were concerned about the impact that that would have on communities and air pollution. And their question to me was: 'Well, we live in an area now where everyone says that air pollution is a problem and it's dangerous, so you're going to bring more traffic through our communities?' The Deputy Minister will be aware that I've written to him recently, asking about the most recent evidence as to how effective 50 mph zones are in terms of that area between Pontypridd and Upper Boat. You brought forward a statement earlier this week, mentioning that there had been a reduction of 47 per cent in nitrogen dioxide levels in these areas, but I can't actually find that data anywhere at the moment, and I would be delighted if I could see that data. Because, for me, seeing the impact of 50 mph zones actually making a difference would actually ease the concerns of those communities currently suffering high levels of pollution. It would alleviate their fears. So, if this data is available, I would appreciate seeing it. During an earlier debate, the possible link between dementia and air pollution was mentioned. But, in 2018, the World Health Organization published a report on air pollution and child health, and that showed clearly how air pollution can impact on neurodevelopment and cognitive abilities and lead to asthma and cancer in children. Also, children brought up in areas with high levels of air pollution can be at greater risk of chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, later in life. Therefore, for me, all of this issue around transport is about so much more than the issue of how we travel from one place to another. I would hope that we would all agree, although some arguments have been made today in terms of motorists' rights and the rights of people to use their cars. But shouldn't we all be working towards getting rid of as many cars as possible from our roads? After all, there is a climate emergency. We saw radical action in terms of the COVID crisis; we saw that it was possible to reduce traffic on our roads, that there are alternative ways of living. I was saddened this morning, crawling from Pontypridd to Cardiff in my car, seeing that the traffic levels were just as bad as they were pre COVID; it was the worst I'd seen since pre-COVID times. And the reason I was in my car rather than on the train was because I had to be in Ynysybwl by 19:45 this evening, and that's the only way that I could ensure that I could get there to attend a meeting with the people I represent. So, it is a problem in terms of investment in public transport too. And I'm thinking about all of those people who can't afford public transport at the moment. It's a broader problem. We have, in previous debates since May, discussed investment in bus services and so on. I appreciate that the Deputy Minister has emphasised the importance of this, but I think we all have to be agreed, therefore, that we must think holistically. Putting all of these counter arguments as to everyone's rights - well, we will have to make some difficult decisions. Perhaps tolls will be one of those in future, but, for now, it's not an option. We need to look at alternatives, but we need them as a matter of urgency. We can't wait when we have a climate emergency. We need action.
Welsh: Dwi wedi bod yn gwrando'n astud ar bawb yn cyfrannu heddiw, a dwi'n clywed lot o ddadleuon sy'n gwrth-ddweud ei gilydd mewn ffordd. Un sialens i'r Torïaid, wrth gwrs, ydy'r diffyg buddsoddiad gan y Llywodraeth Brydeinig cyn i'r Senedd hon fod yn bodoli, oherwydd mae hon wedi bod yn broblem sydd efo ni ers degawdau, ac er bod yna feirniadaeth gen i o ran Llywodraeth Cymru hefyd ers i ni gael y Senedd hon, mae yna gyfrifoldeb ar Lywodraeth Prydain hefyd, a dwi'n meddwl bod yn rhaid inni gyd gydnabod hynny. Mae'n ddadl gymhleth, onid ydy, oherwydd trafnidiaeth ar un llaw, ond hefyd, fel rydyn ni'n gweld, mae'r argyfwng hinsawdd yn greiddiol i hyn i gyd, a hefyd iechyd cyhoeddus - maen nhw i gyd yn cysylltu efo'i gilydd. Ac er bod fy mod i wedi mynegi pryderon yn gynharach o ran tollau o ran yr A470, dwi ddim yn erbyn y syniad o dollau neu weithredu radical os ydy o yng nghyd-destun ehangach. I mi, pan fuodd trigolion yn derbyn holiaduron dros yr haf, cysylltu efo mi nid i gwyno y byddai'n rhaid iddyn nhw dalu i ddefnyddio'r A470 oedd trigolion ardal Pontypridd, ond pryderu ynglŷn â'r effaith y byddai hyn yn ei gael ar gymunedau a llygredd aer. A'u cwestiwn nhw i fi oedd: 'Rydyn ni'n byw mewn ardal rŵan lle mae mae pawb yn dweud bod llygredd aer yn broblem, ei fod o'n beryglus. Felly, rydych chi'n mynd i ddod â mwy o draffig drwy ein cymunedau ni?' Mi fydd y Dirprwy Weinidog yn ymwybodol fy mod i wedi ysgrifennu ato fo yn gofyn, yn ddiweddar, am y dystiolaeth ddiweddaraf ynglŷn â pha mor effeithiol mae gweithredu 50 milltir yr awr o ran ardal rhwng Pontypridd ac Upper Boat wedi bod. Mi wnaethoch chi ddod â datganiad yn gynharach yr wythnos yma yn sôn bod yna ostyngiad o 47 y cant yn y lefelau nitrogen deuocsid yn yr ardaloedd hyn wedi dod, ond dwi'n methu â ffeindio'r data yna yn unman ar y funud, a byddwn i wrth fy modd pe bai modd cael gweld hynny. Oherwydd i fi, mi fyddai gweld bod effaith pethau fel 50 milltir yr awr wedi gwneud gwahaniaeth yn creu - o ran y cymunedau hynny sydd yn dioddef lefelu uchel o lygredd aer ar y funud, mi fyddai fo yn tawelu eu meddyliau nhw i weld bod pethau'n gwella. Wedyn, os ydy'r data yna, os gwelwch yn dda, ar gael, mi fyddwn i'n eu gwerthfawrogi. Yn ystod y ddadl yn gynharach, mi oedd y cysylltiad posib rhwng dementia a llygredd aer wedi'i grybwyll. Ond, yn 2018, fe gyhoeddodd Sefydliad Iechyd y Byd adroddiad ynglŷn â llygredd aer ac iechyd plant, ac mi ddangosodd hwnnw'n glir sut y gall llygredd aer effeithio ar niwroddatblygiad a gallu gwybyddol a sbarduno asthma a chanser mewn plant. Hefyd, gall plant sydd wedi cael eu magu mewn mannau gyda lefelau uchel o lygredd aer fod mewn mwy o berygl o gael clefydau cronig fel clefyd cardiofasgwlaidd yn ddiweddarach mewn bywyd. Felly, i mi, mae'r holl beth o ran trafnidiaeth gymaint mwy, onid ydy, na jest y mater o ran sut ydyn ni'n teithio i lefydd. Mi fuaswn i'n gobeithio ein bod ni i gyd yn gytûn, er bod yna rai dadleuon wedi cael eu rhoi heddiw o ran hawl modurwyr ac ati, a hawl pobl i ddefnyddio ceir ac ati. Oni ddylwn ni i gyd fod yn gweithio i gael gwared ar gyn gymaint o geir â phosib oddi wrth ein ffyrdd? Wedi'r cyfan, argyfwng hinsawdd. Mi welson ni weithredu radical o ran yr argyfwng efo COVID ac ati; mi welson ni ei bod hi'n bosib lleihau traffig ar ein lonydd ni, fod yna ffyrdd amgen o fyw. Mi oeddwn i wedi fy nhristau bore yma yn cropian o Bontypridd i'r bae hwn yn fy nghar, o weld bod lefelau'r traffig yr un mor wael â mi oedden nhw cyn COVID. Mi oedd o'r gwaethaf dwi wedi ei weld ers cyn COVID. A'r rheswm roeddwn i yn y car yn hytrach na'r trên oedd oherwydd bod yn rhaid i fi fod yn Ynysybwl erbyn 19:45 heno yma, a dyna'r unig ffordd mai sicrhau fy mod i yno er mwyn bod mewn cyfarfod efo'r rhai dwi'n eu cynrychioli. Felly, mae hi'n broblem o ran buddsoddi mewn trafnidiaeth gyhoeddus. A dwi'n meddwl hefyd am bawb sydd yn methu â fforddio trafnidiaeth gyhoeddus ar y funud. Mae'n broblem ehangach. Rydyn ni wedi sôn, mewn trafodaethau blaenorol ers mis Mai, ynglŷn â buddsoddi mewn gwasanaeth bysiau ac ati. Dwi'n gwerthfawrogi bod y Dirprwy Weinidog wedi sôn am bwyslais hyn, ond dwi'n meddwl bod yn rhaid inni fod yn gytûn felly: mae'n rhaid inni feddwl yn holistig. Mae rhoi yr holl wrthddadleuon yma ynglŷn â hawliau pawb - mi fydd yn rhaid inni wneud rhai penderfyniadau anodd. Efallai y bydd tollau yn un o'r rheini yn y dyfodol, ond, am rŵan, dydy o ddim yn opsiwn. Edrych ar y pethau amgen, ond mae eu hangen nhw ar frys. Allwn ni ddim aros pan fo yna argyfwng hinsawdd. Mae angen gweithredu.