techiaith/bydtermcymru-tm-en-cy huggingface dataset:
English: Health boards are encouraged to give further consideration to this approach and to consider holistic approaches to pain management which encourages effective self-management alongside surgical and other options where appropriate.
Welsh: Anogir byrddau iechyd i ystyried y dull hwn ymhellach ac i ystyried dulliau cyfannol ar gyfer rheoli poen, sy'n annog hunanreoli effeithiol ochr yn ochr ag opsiynau llawdriniaethol ac opsiynau eraill lle bo hynny'n briodol.
English: Specialist services provide treatment modalities not available to GPs, but inform the treatment of people experiencing pain who are looked after in the community.
Welsh: Mae gwasanaethau arbenigol yn cynnig mathau o driniaeth nad ydynt ar gael i feddygon teulu, ond sy'n llywio triniaeth pobl sydd â phoen sy'n derbyn gofal yn y gymuned.
English: This includes better mechanisms to use medication rationally and reduce variation in treatment.
Welsh: Mae hyn yn cynnwys mecanweithiau gwell er mwyn defnyddio meddyginiaeth yn gall a lleihau amrywiaeth o ran triniaeth.
English: Closer links between pain management programmes within specialist services and primary care projects such as the EPP may enable improved self-management depending on the level of personal/individual support required.
Welsh: Gall cysylltiadau agosach rhwng rhaglenni rheoli poen o fewn gwasanaethau arbenigol a phrosiectau gofal sylfaenol megis y Rhaglenni Addysg i Gleifion alluogi hunanreoli gwell yn dibynnu ar lefel y cymorth personol/unigol sydd ei angen.
English: Health boards are encouraged to avoid duplication by bringing together practitioners working with people living with pain under one umbrella.
Welsh: Anogir byrddau iechyd i osgoi dyblygu drwy ddod ag ymarferwyr sy'n gweithio gyda phobl sy'n byw gyda phoen at ei gilydd o dan un ambarél.
English: Linkage with other secondary services such as musculoskeletal disorders, spinal and palliative care will improve understanding amongst the differing disciplines; reduce referrals and consultations between services and lead to a consistent approach to persistent pain in Wales.
Welsh: Bydd cysylltiadau â gwasanaethau eilaidd eraill megis anhwylderau cyhyrysgerbydol, gofal asgwrn cefn a gofal lliniarol yn gwella dealltwriaeth ymhlith y disgyblaethau gwahanol, lleihau atgyfeiriadau ac ymgynghoriadau rhwng gwasanaethau, ac arwain at ymagwedd gyson tuag at boen parhaus yng Nghymru.
English: Each health board is encouraged to set out how they provide person centred co-ordinated care which supports people to make informed decisions, and empowers them to self-manage their chronic conditions in collaboration with health and social care professionals.
Welsh: Anogir pob bwrdd iechyd i amlinellu sut mae'n darparu gofal cydlynol sy'n canolbwyntio ar yr unigolyn ac yn cynorthwyo pobl i wneud penderfyniadau gwybodus, ac yn eu grymuso i hunanreoli eu cyflyrau cronig mewn cydweithrediad â gweithwyr iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol proffesiynol.
English: This should be included in their Integrated Medium Term Plans.
Welsh: Dylai hyn gael ei gynnwys yn ei Gynlluniau Tymor Canolig Integredig.
English: There are many examples of good practice and examples from across Wales, which produce novel and effective models of working in partnership with people living with pain in the future.
Welsh: Mae nifer o enghreifftiau o arfer da ac enghreifftiau o ledled Cymru, sy'n cynhyrchu modelau newydd ac effeithiol o weithio mewn partneriaeth â phobl sy'n byw gyda phoen yn y dyfodol.
English: Co-Production
Welsh: Cydgynhyrchu
English: A key factor to enabling the people of Wales to receive care in the
Welsh: Ffactor allweddol o ran galluogi pobl Cymru i dderbyn gofal yn y ffordd orau yw trwy
English: It requires building relationships and focusing on the best possible outcomes for the service user.
Welsh: Mae'n gofyn am adeiladu perthnasau a chanolbwyntio ar y canlyniadau gorau posibl ar gyfer y defnyddiwr gwasanaeth.
English: The key principles of co-production relating to health services:
Welsh: Dyma egwyddorion allweddol cydgynhyrchu mewn perthynas â gwasanaethau iechyd:
English: All participants are valued as assets and their strengths built upon
Welsh: Mae'r holl gyfranogwyr yn cael eu gwerthfawrogi fel asedau ac adeiladir ar eu cryfderau
English: Develop dynamic peer-support networks
Welsh: Datblygu rhwydweithiau cymorth gan gymheiriaid dynamig
English: Build relationships of equality and reciprocity
Welsh: Adeiladu perthynas o gydraddoldeb a dwyochredd
English: Create transformative change through share power and shared responsibility
Welsh: Creu newid trawsnewidiol drwy rannu pŵer a chyfrifoldeb
English: A co-production
Welsh: Mae
English: Health boards should adopt a multidisciplinary approach to their pain management services.
Welsh: Dylai byrddau iechyd fynd ati mewn modd amlddisgyblaethol o ran eu gwasanaethau rheoli poen.
English: Health boards should adopt the principles of co-production to ensure people are fully involved in decisions that affect their care.
Welsh: Dylai byrddau iechyd fabwysiadu egwyddorion cydgynhyrchu er mwyn sicrhau bod pobl yn cael eu cynnwys yn llawn mewn penderfyniadau sy'n effeithio ar eu gofal.
English: Part 4 - Prudent Value Based Healthcare
Welsh: Rhan 4: Gofal iechyd darbodus sy'n seiliedig ar werth
English: Prudent healthcare is a philosophy for the whole healthcare system, giving permission to health professionals to develop and deliver services in a way which better aligns with individual need and experience.
Welsh: Mae gofal iechyd darbodus yn athroniaeth ar gyfer yr holl system gofal iechyd, sy'n caniatáu i weithwyr iechyd proffesiynol ddatblygu a darparu gwasanaethau mewn ffordd sy'n cyd-fynd yn well ag angen a phrofiad unigol.
English: It has attracted strong international support and is something to build on in Wales.
Welsh: Mae wedi denu cefnogaeth ryngwladol gref ac mae'n rhywbeth i adeiladu arno yng Nghymru.
English: Prudent Healthcare provides principles adopted by the NHS in Wales.
Welsh: Mae gofal iechyd darbodus yn cynnig egwyddorion a fabwysiadwyd gan GIG Cymru.
English: It aims is to empower people in their own healthcare and helps improve outcomes for the NHS.
Welsh: Ei nod yw grymuso pobl o ran eu gofal iechyd eu hunain ac mae'n helpu i wella canlyniadau ar gyfer y GIG.
English: Since the introduction of prudent healthcare in 2014, the NHS in Wales has applied the principles to their decision making.
Welsh: Ers cyflwyno gofal iechyd darbodus yn 2014, mae GIG Cymru wedi cymhwyso'r egwyddorion i'w broses o wneud penderfyniadau.
English: When prudent healthcare principles are fully embraced by those designing, managing, delivering and using healthcare services, organisations will:
Welsh: Pan fydd egwyddorion gofal iechyd darbodus yn cael eu derbyn yn llawn gan y rheini sy'n dylunio, rheoli, darparu a defnyddio gwasanaethau gofal iechyd, bydd sefydliadau:
English: work in partnership with others around a common goal of improving health and well-being;
Welsh: yn gweithio mewn partneriaeth gyda phobl eraill o amgylch nod cyffredin o wella iechyd a llesiant;
English: provide services to those people in greatest need first and ensure, when people receive those services, they are provided by staff with the appropriate skills and expertise to meet their needs and in locations appropriate to the level of need;
Welsh: yn darparu gwasanaethau yn gyntaf ar gyfer y bobl hynny y mae arnynt eu hangen fwyaf a sicrhau, pan fydd pobl yn derbyn y gwasanaethau hynny, eu bod yn cael eu darparu gan staff sy'n meddu ar y sgiliau a'r arbenigedd priodol i ddiwallu eu hanghenion ac mewn lleoliadau sy'n addas ar gyfer lefel yr angen;
English: work in partnership with the public and people living with pain, ensuring the services that are offered stand the greatest chance of improving quality of life;
Welsh: yn gweithio mewn partneriaeth â'r cyhoedd a phobl sy'n byw gyda phoen, gan sicrhau bod gan y gwasanaethau a gynigir y gobaith gorau o wella ansawdd bywyd;
English: ensure services and treatments will never do harm;
Welsh: yn sicrhau na fydd gwasanaethau a thriniaethau byth yn achosi niwed;
English: ensure care will always be based on the evidence of what works and the results published openly and transparently;
Welsh: yn sicrhau bod gofal bob amser yn cael ei seilio ar dystiolaeth o'r hyn sy'n gweithio a bod y canlyniadau yn cael eu cyhoeddi'n agored ac yn dryloyw;
English: strive towards the reduction of variability.
Welsh: yn ymdrechu tuag at leihau amrywioldeb.
English: Value based healthcare is emerging as a measurable approach to prudent healthcare - to ensure the best outcomes for money invested.
Welsh: Mae gofal iechyd sy'n seiliedig ar werth yn datblygu fel ymagwedd fesuradwy tuag at ofal iechyd darbodus - er mwyn sicrhau'r canlyniadau gorau o ran yr arian a fuddsoddir.
English: Work is underway to systematise value as a key aim for a prudent healthcare based system, by identifying and eradicating low value work and reducing unwarranted clinical variations in the first instance.
Welsh: Mae gwaith yn mynd rhagddo i systemu gwerth fel nod allweddol ar gyfer system sy'n seiliedig ar ofal iechyd darbodus, drwy nodi a gwaredu ar waith gwerth isel a lleihau amrywiaethau clinigol di-alwamdanynt yn y lle cyntaf.
English: Making Choices Together
Welsh: Gwneud Dewisiadau Gyda'n Gilydd
English: Embracing similar principles to prudent and value based healthcare,
Welsh: Gan groesawu egwyddorion tebyg i ofal iechyd darbodus a gofal iechyd sy'n seiliedig ar werth, mae
English: It is informed by good evidence and responsive to the needs and wishes of the patient.
Welsh: Mae'n cael ei lywio gan dystiolaeth dda ac mae'n ymatebol i anghenion a dymuniadau'r claf.
English: Making Choices Together seeks to encourage a change in attitudes and culture whereby clinicians find out what is important to people living with pain, offer choice as to management or support of problems and explain options leading to shared decisions whilst also identifying interventions of low value and reducing their use.
Welsh: Mae 'Gwneud Dewisiadau Gyda'n Gilydd' yn ceisio annog newid mewn agweddau a diwylliant fel y gall clinigwyr ganfod yr hyn sy'n bwysig i bobl sy'n byw gyda phoen, cynnig dewis o ran rheoli neu gefnogi problemau ac esbonio dewisiadau, gan arwain at gyd-benderfyniadau a nodi hefyd yr ymyriadau nad oes iddynt lawer o werth a lleihau'r defnydd ohonynt.
English: A key principle is that it is a clinician led movement, taken on by practitioners alongside patients with a view to creating and fostering a culture change to the way in which medicine is measured and considered, moving away from the notion that more is always better.
Welsh: Egwyddor allweddol yw ei fod yn symudiad a arweinir gan glinigwyr, sy'n cael ei gyflawni gan ymarferwyr ochr yn ochr â chleifion gyda nod o greu a meithrin newid diwylliannol o ran y ffordd y mae meddyginiaeth yn cael ei mesur a'i hystyried, gan symud i ffwrdd o'r syniad fod mwy yn well bob amser.
English: The Making Choice Together movement suggests a patient asks four questions when considering tests or treatments:
Welsh: Mae symudiad Gwneud Dewisiadau Gyda'n Gilydd yn awgrymu bod claf yn gofyn pedwar cwestiwn wrth ystyried profion neu driniaethau:
English: What are my options?
Welsh: Beth yw fy opsiynau?
English: What are the benefits and harms?
Welsh: Beth yw'r buddion a'r agweddau niweidiol?
English: Similarly, health and social care professionals are encouraged to use the following to guide their opening questions to their patients:
Welsh: Yn yr un modd, anogir gweithwyr iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol proffesiynol i ddefnyddio'r canllaw canlynol i arwain eu cwestiynau agoriadol ar gyfer eu cleifion:
English: "What matters to you?" rather than "What is the matter with you?"
Welsh: "Beth sy'n bwysig i chi?" yn hytrach na "Beth sy'n bod arnoch chi?"
English: "How can we decide together how to improve things?" rather than "How can I help you?"
Welsh: "Sut allwn ni benderfynu gyda'n gilydd sut i wella pethau?" yn hytrach na "Sut ydw i'n gallu eich helpu chi?"
English: Health and social care professionals should apply the principles of Prudent Healthcare when making decisions about their management or treatment programmes.
Welsh: Dylai gweithwyr iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol proffesiynol weithredu egwyddorion gofal iechyd darbodus wrth wneud penderfyniadau am eu rhaglenni rheoli neu driniaeth.
English: Part 5 - Supported Self-management
Welsh: Rhan 5: Hunanreoli gyda chymorth
English: Most people living with persistent pain manage their health condition themselves with support and advice from health and social care professionals only when needed.
Welsh: Mae'r rhan fwyaf o bobl sy'n byw gyda phoen parhaus yn rheoli eu cyflwr iechyd ar eu pennau eu hunain gyda chymorth a chyngor gan weithwyr iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol dim ond pan fo angen hynny.
English: Supported selfmanagement is an integral part of persistent pain management and it works best when the individual is able to take the lead in deciding how they want to live their life and are supported in finding ways of reducing persistent pain.
Welsh: Mae hunanreoli gyda chymorth yn rhan annatod o reoli poen parhaus ac mae'n gweithio orau pan fydd yr unigolyn yn gallu cymryd yr awenau wrth benderfynu ar sut yr hoffai fyw ei fywyd ac yn cael ei gefnogi i ddod o hyd i ffyrdd o leihau poen parhaus.
English: It is important that the support and advice is available in a timely and accessible manner.
Welsh: Mae'n bwysig bod y cymorth a'r cyngor ar gael mewn modd amserol a hygyrch.
English: The type of support required will change at different stages of an individual's journey.
Welsh: Bydd y math o gymorth sydd ei angen yn newid yn ystod camau gwahanol o daith unigolyn.
English: When persistent pain is first diagnosed a person, and the people relevant in their lives, need to understand what management options are available and what the pros and cons of each option entail.
Welsh: Pan fydd unigolyn yn cael diagnosis o boen parhaus am y tro cyntaf, mae angen iddo ef neu hi, a'r bobl sy'n berthnasol yn ei fywyd, ddeall pa opsiynau rheoli sydd ar gael a beth yw'r manteision a'r anfanteision mewn perthynas â phob un o'r rhain.
English: For some people, it is best if this information is presented face to face, for others written information allows them to discuss the options with their families prior to an appointment and often a combination of both communicates most effectively.
Welsh: I rai pobl, mae'n well os yw'r wybodaeth hon yn cael ei chyflwyno wyneb yn wyneb; i bobl eraill, mae gwybodaeth ysgrifenedig yn caniatáu iddynt drafod yr opsiynau gyda'u teuluoedd cyn apwyntiad. Yn aml, cyfuniad o'r ddau yw'r ffordd orau o gyfathrebu.
English: Elements of self-management include improving physical functioning, psychological (and spiritual) wellbeing and social connectedness.
Welsh: Mae elfennau o hunanreoli yn cynnwys gwella gweithrediadau ffisegol, llesiant seicolegol (ac ysbrydol) a chysylltedd cymdeithasol.
English: It encompasses a range of techniques which have been demonstrated through research to be effective such as activity management, mindfulness, graded exercise and mood management.
Welsh: Mae'n cwmpasu amrywiaeth o dechnegau sydd wedi cael eu profi o fod yn effeithiol gan ymchwil megis rheoli gweithgareddau, ymwybyddiaeth ofalgar, ymarferion corff graddedig a rheoli eich hwyliau.
English: Self-management plans can be developed by individuals to include a tool kit of techniques which are tailored to their own unique situation.
Welsh: Gall cynlluniau hunanreoli gael eu datblygu gan unigolion i gynnwys pecyn cymorth o dechnegau sydd wedi'u teilwra at eu sefyllfa unigryw eu hunain.
English: Ideally, techniques included in the tool kit are free and available to be used whenever and wherever the individual needs it.
Welsh: Yn ddelfrydol, byddai'r technegau sydd wedi'u cynnwys yn y pecyn cymorth yn rhad ac am ddim ac ar gael i'w defnyddio pryd bynnag a lle bynnag y mae eu hangen ar yr unigolyn.
English: A comprehensive plan for dealing with situations such as flare-ups in symptoms as well as maximising wellbeing on a day to day basis is useful.
Welsh: Mae cynllun cynhwysfawr ar gyfer ymdrin â sefyllfaoedd megis symptomau sy'n ailgychwyn yn ogystal â hyrwyddo llesiant i'r eithaf o ddydd i ddydd yn ddefnyddiol.
English: Key self-management strategies should enable people to continue to live their normal lives, remain in work and socialise as they would wish and to manage variations in symptoms as they happen.
Welsh: Dylai strategaethau hunanreoli allweddol alluogi pobl i barhau i fyw eu bywydau arferol, aros mewn gwaith a chymdeithasu fel y dymunant, a rheoli amrywiadau mewn symptomau wrth iddynt ddigwydd.
English: In consultations, a collaborative agenda setting approach facilitates the establishment of a relationship with professionals which values the abilities of each participant.
Welsh: Yn ystod ymgynghoriadau, mae dull cydweithredol ar gyfer gosod yr agenda yn hwyluso'r gwaith o sefydlu perthynas gyda gweithwyr proffesiynol sy'n gwerthfawrogi gallu pob cyfranogwr.
English: In order to support people with pain to develop self-management skills, a health coaching approach is needed by professionals who builds on the individual's existing skills and resources and has a clear focus on what matters to the individual.
Welsh: Er mwyn cefnogi pobl sydd â phoen i ddatblygu sgiliau hunanreoli, mae angen i weithwyr proffesiynol ddefnyddio dull hyfforddi iechyd, sy'n adeiladu ar sgiliau ac adnoddau presennol yr unigolyn ac sy'n canolbwyntio'n glir ar yr hyn sy'n bwysig i'r unigolyn.
English: The use of language that is understandable to both parties is key and prevents people feeling out of control.
Welsh: Mae defnyddio iaith sy'n ddealladwy i'r ddwy ochr yn allweddol ac yn atal pobl rhag teimlo fel nad oes ganddynt reolaeth.
English: The end goal is an effective management plan co-produced by the person with pain and the health and social care professional.
Welsh: Y nod yn y pen draw yw sicrhau cynllun rheoli effeithiol sy'n cael ei gydgynhyrchu gan yr unigolyn sydd â phoen a'r gweithiwr iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol.
English: A key way for people to gain self-management skills is through attending pain management programmes.
Welsh: Mae mynychu rhaglenni rheoli poen yn ffordd allweddol i bobl ennill sgiliau hunanreoli.
English: These can be delivered in a variety of ways from weekly courses to residential programmes and also online but they all include the development of key condition management approaches.
Welsh: Gall y rhain gael eu darparu mewn nifer o ffyrdd, o gyrsiau wythnosol i raglenni preswyl, yn ogystal ag ar-lein, ond mae pob un ohonynt yn cynnwys datblygu dulliau allweddol ar gyfer rheoli cyflyrau.
English: People should be free to choose from a range of programmes which enable them to fit them into their existing lifestyle as much as possible.
Welsh: Dylai pobl fod yn rhydd i ddewis o blith amrywiaeth o raglenni y maent yn gallu eu hychwanegu i'w ffordd o fyw bresennol cymaint â phosibl.
English: Effective self-management is also important for preventing secondary problems such as depression and anxiety.
Welsh: Mae hunanreoli effeithiol hefyd yn bwysig er mwyn atal problemau eilaidd megis iselder a gorbryder.
English: Self management courses have been provided for over 10 years in Wales under the brand of EPP Cymru.
Welsh: Mae cyrsiau hunanreoli wedi cael eu darparu am dros ddeng mlynedd yng Nghymru o dan frand Rhaglenni Addysg i Gleifion Cymru.
English: Additionally, courses aim to give participants the confidence to take responsibility for their own care and make better use of health services, whilst also encouraging them to work in partnership with health and social care professionals.
Welsh: Yn ogystal â hyn, mae'r cyrsiau yn anelu at roi'r hyder i gyfranogwyr gymryd cyfrifoldeb dros eu gofal eu hunain a gwneud defnydd gwell o wasanaethau iechyd, wrth eu hannog ar yr un pryd i weithio mewn partneriaeth â gweithwyr iechyd a gofal cymdeithasol proffesiynol.
English: This in turn should improve the quality of life of individuals with a chronic condition and reduce pressure on NHS services.
Welsh: Yn ei dro, dylai hyn wella ansawdd bywyd unigolion sydd â chyflwr cronig a lleihau'r pwysau ar wasanaethau'r GIG.
English: EPP Cymru has developed a Chronic Pain Self Management course for people who have a primary or secondary diagnosis of chronic pain.
Welsh: Mae Rhaglenni Addysg i Gleifion Cymru wedi datblygu cwrs hunanreoli poen cronig ar gyfer pobl sydd wedi cael diagnosis o boen cronig sylfaenol neu eilaidd.
English: The Chronic Pain Self Management Programme does not conflict with existing programmes or treatment.
Welsh: Nid yw'r Rhaglen Hunanreoli Poen Cronig yn gwrthdaro â rhaglenni na thriniaethau presennol.
English: It has been designed to enhance regular treatment.
Welsh: Fe'i cynlluniwyd er mwyn gwella triniaeth reolaidd.
English: The programme provides participants the skills to coordinate all the things needed to manage their health, as well as to help them keep active in their lives.
Welsh: Mae'r rhaglen yn darparu'r sgiliau i gyfranogwyr er mwyn eu galluogi i gydlynu'r holl bethau sydd eu hangen i reoli eu hiechyd, yn ogystal â'u helpu i gadw'n heini yn eu bywydau.
English: In summary, self-management means the person living with persistent pain having the knowledge, skills and motivation to manage their own health and wellbeing with the support of easily accessible, high quality information and appropriately skilled professionals as and when required.
Welsh: I grynhoi, mae hunanreoli yn golygu bod yr unigolyn sy'n byw gyda phoen parhaus yn meddu ar y wybodaeth, y sgiliau a'r cymhelliant i reoli ei iechyd a'i lesiant ei hun gyda chymorth gwybodaeth sy'n hawdd cael mynediad ati ac o ansawdd uchel a gweithwyr proffesiynol sy'n meddu ar y sgiliau priodol yn ôl y gofyn.
English: Medication use in pain management and de-prescribing
Welsh: Defnyddio meddyginiaeth wrth reoli poen a dadragnodi
English: Currently, medicines form the basis of the majority of people's pain management experience.
Welsh: Ar hyn o bryd, meddyginiaethau yw sylfaen y rhan fwyaf o brofiadau pobl mewn perthynas â rheoli poen.
English: Some people will find medicines useful.
Welsh: Bydd rhai pobl yn canfod bod meddyginiaethau yn ddefnyddiol.
English: However, de-prescribing relates to the planned process of reducing or stopping medications that are no longer providing a benefit or potentially causing harm.
Welsh: Fodd bynnag, mae dadragnodi yn ymwneud â'r broses gynlluniedig o leihau neu roi'r gorau i feddyginiaethau nad ydynt bellach yn helpu neu a allent fod yn niweidiol.
English: People with persistent pain may remain on medications for significant periods of time.
Welsh: Gall pobl sydd â phoen parhaus aros ar feddyginiaethau am gyfnodau sylweddol o amser.
English: Often, medications will be continued despite little evidence of benefit, in terms of pain reduction or functional and quality of life improvements.
Welsh: Yn aml, bydd meddyginiaethau yn parhau i gael eu rhagnodi er gwaethaf y ffaith nad oes fawr o dystiolaeth i ddangos eu bod yn fuddiol, o ran lleihau poen, gwelliannau gweithrediadol neu wella ansawdd bywyd.
English: A number of organisations have developed resources to support practitioners, generally in primary care, to review and rationalise medications.
Welsh: Mae nifer o sefydliadau wedi datblygu adnoddau i gefnogi ymarferwyr, yn gyffredinol ym maes gofal sylfaenol, i adolygu a rhesymoli meddyginiaethau.
English: Guidance tends to be focused on particular patient groups - frail, older people have been a target due to frequent polypharmacy;
Welsh: Mae canllawiau yn tueddu i ganolbwyntio ar grwpiau cleifion penodol (mae pobl hŷn fregus wedi bod yn darged o ganlyniad i amlgyffuriaeth fynych) a meddyginiaethau penodol, e.e. atalyddion pympiau proton neu fensodiasepinau.
English: and particular medications e.g. proton pump inhibitors or benzodiazepines.
Welsh: Enghraifft o reolaeth trwy boenladdwyr a arweinir gan fferyllwyr
English: The person seeking treatment had a 10 year history of low back pain with sciatica on polypharmacy, including two muscle relaxants.
Welsh: Roedd yn cymryd sawl cyffur, gan gynnwys dau i lacio'r cyhyrau.