techiaith/bydtermcymru-tm-en-cy huggingface dataset:
English: exploration using seismic surveys to provide information about geological structures and exploratory drilling to verify the presence or absence of oil or gas reserves;
Welsh: chwilio gan ddefnyddio arolygon seismig i ddarparu gwybodaeth am strwythurau daearegol a drilio cychwynnol i ddilysu presenoldeb neu absenoldeb cronfeydd olew neu nwy;
English: appraising the assessment of exploration prospects using extended well tests and additional drilling to determine if reservoir development is economically feasible;
Welsh: arfarnu asesiad archwiliadau gan ddefnyddio profion ffynnon estynedig a drilio ychwanegol i bennu a yw datblygu cronfeydd yn opsiwn ymarferol yn economaidd;
English: development and production through the development of field infrastructure and the production of hydrocarbons from the reservoir until economically feasible reserves are depleted;
Welsh: mae datblygu a chynhyrchu trwy ddatblygu seilwaith maes a chynhyrchu hydrogarbonau o'r gronfa hyd nes y bydd cronfeydd sy'n ymarferol yn economaidd wedi eu dihysbyddu;
English: decommissioning, restoration and aftercare refer to operations for the abandonment of wells, the removal of surface installations and the restoration of the site.
Welsh: mae datgomisiynu, adfer ac ôl-ofal yn cyfeirio at weithrediadau i roi'r gorau i ffynhonnau, gwaredu gosodiadau wyneb ac adfer y safle.
English: The initial planning application would be for exploration, followed by a new planning application for development and production and finally a third planning application would be submitted for decommissioning, restoration and aftercare.
Welsh: Bydd y cais cynllunio cyntaf yn gofyn am ganiatâd i chwilio. Bydd yr ail yn gais cynllunio newydd ar gyfer datblygu a chynhyrchu a bydd y trydydd cais cynllunio yn gofyn am ganiatâd i ddatgomisiynu, adfer ac ôlofal.
English: The appraisal of a site is a licence stage but would not normally be a separate planning stage.
Welsh: Mae arfarnu'r safle'n rhan o'r cam trwyddedu ond ni fyddai fel arfer yn gam cynllunio ar wahân.
English: Decommissioning and restoration would apply to each stage, should the operator not wish to move forward with well production.
Welsh: Gallai cais datgomisiynu ac adfer gael ei gyflwyno ym mhob cam os na fydd y gweithredwr am fwrw ymlaen â chynhyrchu ffynnon.
English: Therefore it is necessary to consider all these matters anew for each planning application submitted.
Welsh: Felly, mae angen ystyried pob un o'r materion hyn o'r newydd ar gyfer pob cais cynllunio a gyflwynir.
English: It does not follow that just because it has been appropriate to grant planning permission to explore for the resource it would necessarily be appropriate to allow commercial extraction in the same location.
Welsh: Hyd yn oed os oedd hi'n briodol i roi caniatâd cynllunio i chwilio am yr adnodd, nid yw hynny'n golygu o reidrwydd y byddai'n briodol i ganiatáu cloddio masnachol yn yr un lleoliad.
English: Each planning application for any stage of development should be determined on its own merits
Welsh: Dylai pob cais cynllunio am unrhyw gyfnod datblygu gael ei bennu yn ôl ei haeddiant ei hun
English: A Regulatory Roadmap, which identifies all the regulatory processes that an operator will need to satisfy before drilling for unconventional gas and oil, has been produced by the Welsh Government and the Office for Unconventional Oil and Gas.
Welsh: Mae Map Ffordd Rheoleiddio, sy'n nodi'r holl brosesau rheoleiddio y bydd angen i weithredwr eu bodloni cyn drilio am nwy ac olew anghonfensiynol, wedi'i gynhyrchu gan Lywodraeth Cymru a'r Swyddfa Nwy ac Olew Anghonfensiynol.
English: Onshore Oil and Gas Resources
Welsh: Adnoddau Olew a Nwy ar y Tir
English: The most common method of extracting coalbed methane is by pumping water from the seam.
Welsh: Y dull mwyaf cyffredin o gloddio am fethan o wely glo yw trwy bwmpio dŵr o'r wythïen.
English: Dewatering the seam lowers pressure allowing methane to flow out of the pores and fractures in the seam.
Welsh: Mae pwmpio dŵr o'r wythïen yn lleihau'r pwysau, gan alluogi methan i lifo allan o'r mandyllau a'r holltau yn y wythïen.
English: Hydraulic fracturing is another process used to enhance the recovery of gas from coal seams.
Welsh: Mae hollti hydrolig yn broses arall a ddefnyddir i gael nwy o wythiennau glo.
English: While some of these methods are operational, underground coal gasification is an unproven method of gas extraction.
Welsh: Er bod rhai o'r dulliau hyn yn rhai gweithredol, mae nwyeiddio glo dan ddaear yn ddull heb ei brofi ar gyfer codi nwy.
English: It is more difficult to extract than oil or gas from conventional reservoirs because of the low permeability of the shale source rock.
Welsh: Mae'n anoddach i'w dynnu nag olew neu nwy o gronfeydd confensiynol oherwydd bod hydreiddiad y graig siâl yn naturiol isel.
English: As a result, a combination of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing techniques are used.
Welsh: O ganlyniad, defnyddir cyfuniad o dechnegau drilio llorweddol a hollti hydrolig.
English: Unconventional Extraction of
Welsh: Dulliau Anghonfensiynol o Gloddio am
English: the total estimated lifespan of a site can be up to 20-30 years depending on whether the site is suitable for production;
Welsh: gall cyfanswm oes amcangyfrifedig safle fod hyd at 20-30 mlynedd os yw'r safle'n addas ar gyfer cynhyrchu;
English: the production phase of an individual well typically lasts around 15 years.
Welsh: mae cam cynhyrchu ffynnon unigol yn para tua 15 mlynedd fel arfer.
English: While shale gas wells, for example, have a long life, output drops to about 10% of initial production after about 5 years.
Welsh: Er bod gan ffynhonnau nwy siâl, er enghraifft, oes hir, mae allbwn yn gostwng i tua 10% o'r cynhyrchiant cychwynnol ar ôl 5 mlynedd.
English: The pad would remain in place, alongside some small pieces of surface infrastructure and equipment;
Welsh: Byddai'r pad yn aros yn ei le, gyda rhai darnau bach o seilwaith a chyfarpar arwyneb;
English: if a site is suitable for production, extraction usually entails many more wells than conventional gas with accompanying site activity and will take more land space than conventional gas;
Welsh: os yw safle'n addas ar gyfer cynhyrchu, fel arfer mae cloddio'n golygu llawer mwy o ffynhonnau na nwy confensiynol gyda gweithgarwch safle cysylltiedig a bydd yn cymryd mwy o le ar y tir na nwy confensiynol;
English: after around two years, the major on-site activity would cease and would be replaced by routine maintenance.
Welsh: ar ôl tua dwy flynedd, byddai'r gweithgarwch mawr ar y safle'n dod i ben ac yn cael ei ddisodli gan waith cynnal a chadw rheolaidd.
English: The primary activities at a site would then be maintenance and movement of goods from the site, although further wells may be drilled;
Welsh: Yna'r prif weithgareddau ar safle fyddai cynnal a chadw a symud nwyddau o'r safle, er y gallai ffynhonnau eraill cael eu drilio;
English: extraction involves the use of horizontal as well as vertical drilling methods;
Welsh: mae cloddio'n golygu defnyddio dulliau drilio llorweddol yn ogystal â fertigol;
English: the use of hydraulic fracturing fluid, which is primarily composed of water, but with the addition of sand as a proppant to keep the fractures open and the addition of chemicals to improve the efficiency of the process;
Welsh: defnyddio hylif hollti hydrolig, sy'n cynnwys dŵr yn bennaf, ond gyda thywod hefyd i gadw'r holltau ar agor a chemegau i wella effeithlonrwydd y broses;
English: the disposal of water produced during well stimulation and gas production which may vary in contamination;
Welsh: gwaredu'r dŵr a gynhyrchwyd wrth ysgogi'r ffynnon a chynhyrchu nwy, a all amrywio mewn lefelau halogiad;
English: potential adverse effects on subsurface resources such as groundwater.
Welsh: effeithiau andwyol posibl ar adnoddau o dan y wyneb, megis dŵr daear.
English: Planning Proposals for Onshore Oil and Gas
Welsh: Cynigion Cynllunio ar gyfer Olew a Nwy ar y Tir
English: The continued extraction of all fossil fuels, including shale gas, coal bed methane and underground coal gasification, are not compatible with those targets.
Welsh: Nid yw echdynnu parhaus o'r holl danwyddau ffosil, gan gynnwys nwy siâl a methan gwely glo a nwyeiddio glo tanddaearol yn gydnaws â'r targedau hynny.
English: The Welsh Government's policy objective is therefore to avoid the continued extraction and consumption of fossil fuels.
Welsh: Amcan polisi Llywodraeth Cymru felly yw osgoi echdynnu parhaus a'r defnydd o danwydd ffosil.
English: When proposing the extraction of on-shore oil and gas, robust and credible evidence will need to be provided to the effect that proposals conform to the energy hierarchy, including how they make a necessary contribution towards decarbonising the energy system.
Welsh: Pan yn gwneud cynnig i echdynnu nwy ac olew ar y tir, bydd angen darparu tystiolaeth gadarn a chredadwy i'r perwyl bod cynigion yn cydymffurfio â'r hierarchaeth ynni, gan gynnwys sut maent yn gwneud cyfraniad angenrheidiol tuag at ddatgarboneiddio'r system ynni.
English: In all other respects, minerals policies aimed at preventing and limiting the environmental impacts of extraction and ensuring restoration will apply.
Welsh: Ym mhob ystyr arall, bydd polisïau mwynau sy'n anelu at atal a chyfyngu ar effeithiau amgylcheddol cloddio ac am sicrhau adferiad, yn berthnasol.
English: As part of a precautionary approach, a comprehensive and robust examination of any proposals for onshore oil and gas should be made before determining planning applications and any relevant policies for minerals development which seek to protect amenity and the environment should be considered.
Welsh: Fel rhan o ymagwedd ragofalus, dylid cynnal archwiliad cynhwysfawr a chadarn o unrhyw gynigion ar gyfer olew a nwy ar y tir cyn penderfynu ar geisiadau cynllunio a dylai unrhyw bolisïau perthnasol ar gyfer datblygiad mwynau sy'n ceisio gwarchod amwynder a'r amgylchedd gael eu hystyried.
English: Current UK Government plans seek to phase out coal fired generation by 2025 and in Wales demanding targets to limit carbon emissions are enshrined in the Environment Act.
Welsh: Mae cynlluniau presennol Llywodraeth y DU yn ceisio dileu'n raddol ynni a gynhyrchir gan lo erbyn 2025 ac, yng Nghymru, mae targedau uchelgeisiol i gyfyngu ar allyriadau carbon. Ymgorfforir hyn oll yn Neddf yr Amgylchedd.
English: Coal extraction has reduced to a level where there are relatively few active opencast coal sites
Welsh: Mae cloddio am lo wedi gostwng i lefel lle mai dim ond ychydig iawn o safleoedd glo brig
English: Continued demand for local coal is uncertain, both in terms of the increased use of imports and challenging abatement requirements.
Welsh: Mae'r galw am lo lleol i'r dyfodol yn ansicr, o ran y defnydd cynyddol o fewnforion, a gofynion lleihau anodd.
English: Opencast coal working is used here in its generic sense to cover all surface coal working.
Welsh: Mae'r term glo brig yn cael ei ddefnyddio yn y fan hon yn ei ystyr generig i gynnwys yr holl ddulliau o weithio glo ar yr wyneb
English: Should, in wholly exceptional circumstances, proposals be put forward they would clearly need to demonstrate why they are needed in the context of climate change emissions reductions targets and for reasons of national energy security.
Welsh: Pe bai cynigion yn cael eu cyflwyno o dan amgylchiadau cwbl eithriadol, byddai'n rhaid iddynt ddangos yn glir pam eu bod eu hangen yng nghyd-destun targedau lleihau allyriadau newid yn yr hinsawdd a diogelwch ynni.
English: Further consideration to physical ground conditions and land instability is contained in Chapter 6.
Welsh: Rhoddir ystyriaeth bellach i gyflwr y tir a sefydlogrwydd tir ym Mhennod 6.
English: Further advice is contained in MTAN 2 Coal
Welsh: Ceir rhagor o gyngor yn MTAN 2 Glo
English: If the planning authority decides that an applicant has failed to provide adequate information on health impacts, it should not process and proceed to determine the application without that information.
Welsh: Os bydd awdurdod cynllunio'n penderfynu bod ymgeisydd wedi methu â darparu gwybodaeth ddigonol am effeithiau iechyd, ni ddylai brosesu'r cais na mynd ati i wneud penderfyniad yn ei gylch heb yr wybodaeth honno.
English: Where an application for opencast coal working is EIA development, for the purposes of the Town and Country Planning (Environmental Impact Assessment) (Wales) Regulations 2017, and coal working is likely to have a significant effect on human health, the Heath Impact Assessment may serve to inform the Environmental Statement.
Welsh: Os yw cais am waith glo brig yn ddatblygiad Asesiad o'r Effaith ar Iechyd at ddibenion Rheoliadau Cynllunio Gwlad a Thref (Asesu Effaith Amgylcheddol) (Cymru) 2017 ac os yw gwaith glo yn debygol o gael effaith sylweddol ar iechyd pobl, gall yr Asesiad o'r Effaith ar Iechyd lywio'r Datganiad Amgylcheddol.
English: However, planning authorities, with the exception of National Parks, may wish to safeguard primary coal resources depending on their individual circumstances.
Welsh: Ond caiff awdurdodau cynllunio ac eithrio Parciau Cenedlaethol ddewis diogelu adnoddau glo sylfaenol gan ddibynnu ar eu hamgylchiadau unigol.
English: Should this be the case, then they would need to include appropriate policies, including those relating to pre-extraction, in their development plans.
Welsh: Os dyna'u dymuniad, byddai gofyn iddynt gynnwys polisïau priodol, gan gynnwys y rheini sy'n ymwneud â'r cyfnod cyn echdynnu, yn eu cynlluniau datblygu.
English: Planning authorities should not need to indicate areas where coal operations would not be acceptable.
Welsh: Ni ddylai awdurdodau cynllunio nodi ardaloedd lle na fyddai gweithrediadau glo yn dderbyniol.
English: Choices about the use of material resources should be based on making the most appropriate and sustainable use of finite resources and promoting the principles of a circular economy.
Welsh: Wrth ddewis pa adnoddau perthnasol i'w defnyddio, dylid ystyried gwneud y defnydd mwyaf priodol a chynaliadwy o adnoddau y mae pen draw iddynt a hyrwyddo egwyddorion yr economi gylchol.
English: There are environmental, social and economic benefits of taking such an approach, most notably the increased value and productivity of materials, financial savings for the construction sector and the prevention of waste.
Welsh: Mae gan ymagwedd o'r fath fanteision amgylcheddol, cymdeithasol ac economaidd, megis cynnydd yng ngwerth a chynhyrchiant deunyddiau, arbedion ariannol i'r sector adeiladu ac atal gwastraff.
English: Through the adoption of circular economy principles, cost savings attributed to the waste hierarchy and effective waste management of over 2% of the project budget are possible.
Welsh: Trwy fabwysiadu egwyddorion yr economi gylchol, mae arbedion o fwy na 2% o gyllideb y prosiect yn bosib, diolch i'r hierarchaeth wastraff ac i reoli gwastraff yn effeithiol.
English: The planning system facilitates materials recycling through advocating the use of secondary aggregates in construction but circular economy principles should underpin all developments.
Welsh: Mae'r system gynllunio'n hwyluso ailgylchu deunyddiau trwy gefnogi defnyddio agregau eilaidd wrth adeiladu ond dylai egwyddor yr economi gylchol fod yn sail i bob datblygiad.
English: This will involve encouraging the use of renewable resources or those with low embodied energy and promoting the use of recycled and secondary materials where they are suitable and available.
Welsh: Bydd hynny'n golygu annog defnyddio adnoddau adnewyddadwy neu'r rheini sy'n defnyddio ond ychydig o ynni i'w cynhyrchu a hyrwyddo defnyddio deunydd eildro ac eilaidd pan fyddant yn addas ac ar gael.
English: The use of locally sourced materials can lead to emissions reductions from transport and will also support aspirations to protect and enhance local distinctiveness.
Welsh: Gallai defnyddio deunydd lleol arwain at leihau allyriadau trafnidiaeth gan gefnogi dyheadau i ddiogelu a chryfhau arbenigrwydd lleol.
English: Whichever material is chosen it should be used to best effect by encouraging efficiency of use, where this means both using fewer resources in the first place and preventing the creation of waste which cannot be effectively reused.
Welsh: Pa ddeunydd bynnag y dewisir ei ddefnyddio, dylid gwneud y gorau ohono trwy annog pobl i'w ddefnyddio'n effeithiol. Mae hynny'n golygu defnyddio llai o adnoddau yn y lle cyntaf a pheidio â chynhyrchu gwastraff nad oes modd ei ailddefnyddio'n effeithiol.
English: This will help to ensure the availability of materials in the long term.
Welsh: Bydd hynny'n helpu i sichrau bod deunyddiau ar gael yn y tymor hir.
English: Time spent at the design stage is a vital means of making effective use of resources and securing multiple benefits, such as economic prosperity, the resilience of ecosystems, fulfilling social aspirations and protecting the amenity and health of communities.
Welsh: Mae'r amser a dreulir yn y cyfnod dylunio yn allweddol o ran gwneud y defnydd gorau o adnoddau a sicrhau manteision lluosog, fel ffyniant economaidd, ecosystemau cryf, gwireddu dyheadau cymdeithasol a diogel amwynder ac iechyd cymunedau.
English: promoting the use of existing buildings wherever possible;
Welsh: hyrwyddo defnyddio adeiladau sy'n bod eisoes os medrir;
English: designing out waste by using materials which are or can be remanufactured, refurbished, dissassembled and recycled or can be deconstructed and reused;
Welsh: dylunio gwastraff allan trwy ddefnyddio deunyddiau sy'n cael neu y gellir eu hailgynhyrchu, eu hadfer, eu dadelfennu a'u hailgylchu
English: designing out waste through appropriate site selection and treatment;
Welsh: neu y gellir eu tynnu'n ddarnau a'u hailddefnyddio;
English: encouraging a more adaptable and durable approach to building design using design choices which mean buildings are adaptable during their lifetime (as well as at the end of their use);
Welsh: dylunio gwastraff allan trwy ddewis a thrin safleoedd yn briodol;annog ffordd fwy hyblyg a hirdymor o ddylunio adeiladau gan ddewis dyluniadau y gellir eu haddasu yn ystod eu hoes yn ogystal ag ar ddiwedd eu hoes;
English: designing in reused materials and elements, such as recycled and secondary materials;
Welsh: ymgorffori yn y dyluniad ddeunyddiau ac elfennau sy'n cael eu hailddefnyddio;
English: recognising synergies and the multiple economic, environmental, social and cultural benefits which can be gained through appropriate materials choices.
Welsh: chydnabod synergeddau a'r manteision economaidd, amgylcheddol, cymdeithasol a diwylliannol lluosog a ddaw o ddewis y deunyddiau priodol.
English: Promoting the best choice of materials and efficiency of use will often go hand in hand.
Welsh: Bydd hyrwyddo'r dewis gorau o ddeunyddiau a defnyddio'r deunyddiau hynny'n effeithlon yn mynd law yn llaw yn aml.
English: The use of fewer resources in the first place will help to avoid the creation of waste which cannot be effectively reused and waste prevention is key to the efficiency use of natural resources
Welsh: Bydd defnyddio llai o adnoddau yn y lle cyntaf yn helpu i osgoi creu gwastraff nad oes modd ei ailddefnyddio'n effeithiol, ac mae atal gwastraff yn allweddol er mwyn defnyddio adnoddau naturiol yn effeithlon
English: Opportunities to reduce or recycle waste as part of the design, construction and operation of new buildings should be identified when proposing plan strategies and policies, including any specific allocations, and at an early stage when designing development proposals.
Welsh: Dylid nodi cyfleoedd i leihau neu ailgylchu gwastraff fel rhan o ddyluniad, gwaith adeiladu a gweithredu adeiladau newydd wrth gynnig strategaethau cynlluniau a pholisïau, yn cynnwys unrhyw ddyraniadau penodol, ac yn fuan yn y broses wrth ddylunio cynigion datblygu.
English: Construction Excellence in Wales research has demonstrated that, on average, savings of 2% project costs can be achieved by consideration of prevention, reduction and reuse of resources and waste.
Welsh: Mae ymchwil Rhagoriaeth Adeiladu yng Nghymru (CEW) wedi dangos bod modd cyflawni arbedion o 2% ar gyfartaledd ar gostau prosiect trwy ystyried atal, lleihau ac ailddefnyddio adnoddau a gwastraff.
English: Planning authorities should consider both design choices and site selection and treatment as part of assessing development proposals and encourage a shift towards embedding circularity in the flow of materials.
Welsh: Dylai awdurdodau cynllunio ystyried dewisiadau dylunio a'r gwaith o ddewis a thrafod safle wrth asesu cynigion datblygu ac annog newid tuag at gylchu llif deunyddiau.
English: Measures which prevent waste arising include reducing the quantity of wastes produced, the reuse of products, extension of the lifespan of products and considering how materials within a site can be incorporated into new development.
Welsh: Mae mesurau sy'n atal gwastraff yn cynnwys lleihau cyfanswm y gwastraff a gynhyrchir, ailddefnyddio deunyddiau, estyn oes cynhyrchion ac ystyried sut y gellid ymgorffori deunydd ar safle o fewn datblygiad newydd.
English: Where waste is produced it should be kept separate for reuse or recycling.
Welsh: Os cynhyrchir gwastraff, dylai gael ei gadw ar wahân i'w ailddefnyddio neu ei ailgylchu.
English: All opportunities should be explored to incorporate re-used or recyclable materials or products into new buildings or structures.
Welsh: Dylid edrych ar bob cyfle i ymgorffori deunyddiau neu gynhyrchion sydd wedi'u hailddefnyddio neu eu hailgylchu mewn adeiladau neu strwythurau newydd.
English: Construction sites inevitably require a degree of cut and fill engineering operations.
Welsh: Mae angen rhywfaint o weithrediadau peirianyddol torri a llenwi ar safleoedd adeiladu.
English: Minimising the level of earthwork cut and fill volumes not only reduces waste but also protects soils, reduces energy consumption and reduces transport movements to and from a site.
Welsh: Mae lleihau lefel y cloddwaith torri a llenwi yn lleihau gwastraff ac yn diogelu priddoedd, yn lleihau'r defnydd o ynni ac yn lleihau symudiadau trafnidiaeth i safle ac oddi yno.
English: Ultimately it also reduces materials being sent to landfill and makes sustainable use of a finite resource.
Welsh: Yn y pen draw, mae'n lleihau cyfanswm y deunyddiau a anfonir i safleoedd tirlenwi ac yn gwneud defnydd cynaliadwy o adnodd sydd â phen draw iddo.
English: Such measures will need to be carefully considered against overall visual impacts.
Welsh: Bydd angen rhoi ystyriaeth ofalus i fesurau o'r fath a'u cydbwyso â'r effeithiau gweledol cyffredinol.
English: As part of site treatment, the cut and fill balance of materials excavated should be assessed so as to avoid the creation of waste which cannot be effectively re-used due to lack of suitable storage facilities, such as 'urban quarries', and re-processing facilities.
Welsh: Fel rhan o'r gwaith o drin safle, dylid asesu cydbwysedd torri a llenwi deunyddiau a gloddiwyd i osgoi creu gwastraff na ellir ei ailddefnyddio'n effeithiol oherwydd prinder cyfleusterau storio, megis 'chwareli trefol', a chyfleusterau ailbrosesu.
English: Developers should design proposals to achieve an earthwork balance by submitting a natural material management plan as part of development proposals which seeks to minimise cut and fill or which may provide for remediation of land elsewhere in the area.
Welsh: Dylai datblygwyr ddylunio cynigion i sicrhau cydbwysedd o ran y cloddwaith trwy gyflwyno cynllun rheoli deunyddiau naturiol fel rhan o gynigion datblygu sy'n ceisio lleihau'r torri a llenwi neu sy'n darparu ar gyfer cynnal gwaith adfer yn rhan arall o'r ardal.
English: There may be significant cost reductions in material costs, reduction in disposal costs and significant reduction in vehicle movements associated with incorporating such considerations into the design of proposals and following this through with careful pre-operational planning.
Welsh: Efallai y ceir gostyngiadau cost sylweddol, mewn costau deunyddiau, gostyngiad mewn costau gwaredu a gostyngiad sylweddol mewn symudiadau cerbydau sy'n gysylltiedig â symud deunyddiau, o ymgorffori ystyriaethau o'r fath wrth ddylunio cynigion a chynnal gwaith cynllunio cyn gweithredu gofalus.
English: Adaptable Design Choices
Welsh: Dewisiadau Dylunio Addasadwy